place but D. Egas Nugnes the Earles Gouernor going foorth with a safe-conduct they so treated as vpon a promise which Don Egas made vnto the King that the Earle of Portugall should take an oath of fealtie as to his Soueraigne he returned satisfied into his Countrey without doing any other exploit but the Earle D. Alphonso Henriques would not performe that which his Gouernor had promised wherefore D. Egas went to the King beeing at Toledo and there presenting himselfe at his feete with a halter about his necke he craued pardon for that which he had promised and could not performe which was that the Earle should do him homage for his Earledome of Portugall whom the King pardoned beeing duly informed that hee had done his best indeanour to effect his promise These wars which were the first the Castillans had against the Portugals written by the Historians of Portugall wherof notwithstanding others make no mention past about the year 1127. D. Theresa for that time had no ease Her sister D. Vrraca made her residence in Saint Vincents church beeing streightly garded yet they say that going one day to Saint Isidores church in Leon to take the treasure which her father and grandfather had giuen vnto that place as she was carrying this prey Death prodigious to D. Vrraca of Castile hauing one foote within and another without the doore shee burst in the middest a worthie and condigne punishment due for the adulteries which shee had committed and the murthers which ensued not long after to the preiudice and dishonour of the Kings house and of all the Christian Estate in Spaine as also for the sacriledge Others say that shee dyed in the Castell of Saldagne beeing brought in bed of a child by stealth So Don Alphonso Raymond remayned destitute and without a mother About that time the king of Castile prouoked by the Moores who were entered into the Territories of Toledo marched farre into their countrey and tooke from them by a long and painefull seege Calatraua taken from the Moores the towne of Calatraua the which he gaue to the Archbishop of Toledo beeing a great fauourer of the Church and Clergie into the which he put a good garrison the which some beleeue were Templers who were wonderfully increased and growne exceeding rich euen in Spaine After which D. Alphonso Raymond tooke from the Infidels Alarcos Caracuel Almodouar del campo and other places whereof he fortfied some and razed others At that time there raigned ouer the Moores in Spaine and Affricke Hâ—li Aben-Tefin the third Miralmumin and last of the Almorauides vpon whom the King of Castile extended his limits vnto the Mountaines called Sierra Morena where he fortified Pedroche then he past into Andalousia with a great army and layd feege vnto the towne of Iaen but it was in vaine for being valiantly defended by the Moores he was forced to retire and returned with his army into Castile This King D. Alphonso had married D. Berenguela Cattelogne daughter to Don Raymond Arnould Earle of Barcelone An. 1131. who dyed in the yeare 1131. hauing held the Earledome eight and forty yeares A little before his death he made himselfe of the Order of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem called the Hospitaliers The Earledome of Prouence was fallen vnto him in the right of his wife D. Doulce and of other lands in France whereof hee caused himselfe to be called Marquis Genealogie of Cattelogne by which Lady he had two sonnes D. Raymond Berenger who succeeded him in the principalitie of Cattelogne and afterward came by marriage to the Crowne of Arragon and D. Berenger Raymond who was Earle or Marquis of Prouence thus ordered by his will of D. Doulce was also borne D. Berenguela Queene of Castille and two other daughters who were married into France The Earledome of Prouence had beene in question betwixt D. Raymond Arnould and the Earle of Tholousa and Saint Giles but their sute after many delayes was ended by accord which was That the lands of Prouence lying betwixt the riuers of Durance and Isera making at this day a part of Daulphine should belong vnto the Earle of Tholousa with the Castell of Beaucaire the Lands of Argence Castell of Bolobrege and the moitie of the cittie of Auignon and of Pont de Sorge the rest should remaine to the Earle of Barcelone According vnto this diuision D. Berenger Raymond did inherit Prouence and there was added that if any of the parties dyed without lawfull heires the other should succeede Among other Articles of D. Raymond Arnoulds restament he ordained that if his heires dyed without lawfull children his daughter Berenguela Queene of Castile and Leon and D. Ximena wife to Roger Earle of Foix should succeed By this noble and vertuous Queene D. Berenguela D. Alphonso king of Castile Genealogie of Castile had foure children D. Sancho who was king of Castile hee was bred vp in his youth and gouerned by D. Gâ—itiere Fernandes de Castro The second D. Fernand who did inherite the Realmes of Leon and Gallicia and two daughters D. Isabella called by some D. Constance wife to the French King Lewis the young the seuenth of that name he that did put away Elenor Countesse of Poictiers heire of Guienne daughter to Count Willyam who after this diuorce married with Henry Duke of Aniou and Normandie who beeing heire to the Crowne of England had long and cruell warres against the French by reason of this Ladies patrimonie the which continued aboue three hundred yeares vnto King Charles the seuenth The second dughter which D. Alphonso had by D. Berenguela was called D. Sancha or by others D. Beacia who was Queene of Nauarre hauing married the king D. Sancho surnamed the Wise or the Valiant as others write There is to be seene among the tombes which are in the great Chappell of the Monasterie of Ogna an inscription of D. Garcia who they imagine was sonne to the sayd D. Alphonso who had a second wise daughter to Vladislaus Duke of Polonia called D. Riâ—a by whome he had one daughter called D. Sancha who was married to D. Alphonso the fixt king of Arragon the second of that name He had familiar acquaintance with two Gentlewomen whereof the one which was called D. Maria brought him a daughter called D. Stephana or Estienette the other which was called D. Gontrude bare him D. Vrraca who was first married to D. Garcia Ramires King of Nauarre and for her second husband she married a wise and valiant Knight called D. Aluaro Rodrigues without any respect of her degree falling from a Queene to be the wife of a simple Knight it may be the Ladies of those times had no such haughtie spirits as they haue at this day or else could not distinguish betwixt vertue and fortune D. Stephana her sister was married to another Knight of the house of Castro whome they called D. Fernand Rodrigues the Castillan from whom issued a sonne called D. Pedro Fernandes de
retreat into Nauarre from whence they drew assistance of armes victuals and other things to make warre against him It is credible that the King of Arragon shewed himselfe patient in these things that he might not disapoint other desseignes of greater importance for knowing that Ieanne Queene of Nauarre was much honoured in France hee entertained her friendship to the end that by her meanes he might haue King Philip of Valois more fauourable vnto him who was incensed against him for D. Iames of Majorca This Lady laboured so as shee entertained peace betwixt them and confirmed againe the alliances past by a treatie of marriage which she propounded betwixt Charles Grand-child to King Philip and one of the daughters of the King don Pedro and of her daughter Donna Maria. This Princesse being come into France with Charles and Philip her sonnes to dispose of her lands and estates which she had there hauing left Iohn of Conflans Lord of Dampierre Marshal of Champagne for Gouernor in Nauarre she died at the end of the yeere 1349. fiue yeeres after the decease of her husband hauing held the Realme of Nauarre about two and twenty yeeres counting since the death of King Charles the Faire to whom succeeded her sonne Charles who was surnamed the Bad. The end of the foureteenth Booke SEMPER EADEM THE FIFTEENTH BOOKE of the Historie of Spaine The Contents 1 DOn Pedro first of that name the foureteenth King of Castile and fiue and thirty of Leon and his seuere beginning to raigne 2 House of Lara Lords of Biscay and the Siegneuries held by them 3 Vnfortunate marriage of D. Pedro King of Castile with Blanche of Bourbon Vnlawfull loue of this King with Donna Maria of Padilla persecutions and murthers of the Noblemen of Castile his second vnlawfull marriage and other excesse done by him 4 Refuge into France of D. Henry Earle of Transtamare bastard brother to the King of Castile 5 D. Charles called the bad the thirtith King of Nauarre and second of that name his sower disposition and rough proceedings in the pursuite of his pretended right to Brie and Champagne 6 Abolition of Caesars Aera in Arragon Girone made a Principality for the elder of Arragon warre of Sardinia 7 Cruel warre betwixt Castille and Arragon Cruelties of D. Pedro King of Castile against his subiects and against his owne bloud 8 D. Pedro the eight King of Portugal sole of that name 9 Vnfortunate loues of D. Pedro King of Portugal with D. Agnes Castro 10 Disposition of D. Pedro King of Portugal his equity and dilligence 11 Imprisonment of the King of Nauarre his escape and their proceeding against him in France 12 Proceedings of the warre of Castile and Arragon cruelties murthers and spoiles of D. Pedro King of Castile 13 Turbulent Estate of Granado treacheries and cruelties of D. Pedro of Castile against the Princes Moores 14 Practises betwixt the Kings of Castile and Nauarre and continuation of the warre betwixt Castile and Arragon 15 Disloyaltie of D. Pedro King of Arragon to D. Henry Earle of Transtamare 16 New accords betwixt D. Pedro King of Arragon and D. Henry Earle of Transtamare continuation of the warre against Castile 17 Accords betwixt Nauarre and Arragon against Castile Vnworthy death of D. Bernard of Cabrera 18 Returne of the Popes Sea from Auignon to Rome 19 Expedition made by D. Henry Earle of Transtamare into Castile against the King D. Pedro his brother and the Earles victory 20 Returne of the King D. Pedro defeat of D. Henry cruelties against the vanquished pollicies of the King of Nauarre during these quarrels 21 Ingratitude of the King D. Pedro to the English who had restored him his impieties tyranies and cruelties 22 Second expedition of Count Henry into Castile conquest of that Realme with the helpe of the French death of the King D. Pedro the cruel 23. D. Fernand sole of that name and ninth King of Portugal Kings of Spaine mentioned in this fifteenth Booke CASTILE and LEON 14. D. Pedro. 1. 35. NAVARRE 30. D. Charles 2. PORTVGAL 8. D. Pedro. 1. 9. D. Fernand. 1. D. Pedro the first and sole of that name surnamed the cruel the foureteenth King of Castile and fiur and thirtith of Leon. THe beginning of the raigne of D. Pedro sonne to D. Alphonso of Castile was in the yeere 1350. An. 1350. in the which Pope Clement the sixth ordained that the Iubile which they had beene accustomed to celebrate yet without any ground euery hundred yeere amongst Christians should from that time be kept from fifty to fifty yeeres after the manner of the Iewes D. Pedro was at Seuile with the Queene his mother when the King his father died where his obsequies being made they consulted for the ordring the Estate of the new Kings house and the affaires of the Kingdome D. Leonora of Guzman her children kinsfolkes and friends being in great perplexity at the death of King D. Alphonso retired themselues into diuerse parts of the realme This yong King being but fifteene yeeres old began his raigne with cruelty D. Pedro King of Castile cruel in which vice he continued his whole life but to his cost D. Leonora being sollicited by some Knights to come to Seuile she came vpon their faith but she was presently apprehended and put in prison to satisfie the rage of iealousie of Queene Mary the Kings mother Leâ—nor of Guzman the deceased kings mâ—stres 〈…〉 by the widow Queene wherevpon D. Henry Earle of Transtamare and some of his brethren children to this Lady thought to fortefie themselues in Algezire but they were set vpon and forced to flie some into Portugal some else-where against whom the King was more incensed then before for the marriage which followed betwixt D. Henry Earle of Transtamare and D. Ieanne Manuel daughter to D. Iohn Manuel one of the mightiest Princes in Spaine next vnto the King to which marriage the King D. Pedro himselfe aspired This being accomplished the married couple were forced to flie into the Asturiâ—as to auoide the Kings fury Quarrels touching the successor to the crowne of Castile who the same first yeere being fallne into a great sicknesse and almost abandoned by the Physitions hee descouered the hearts and disposition of the Princes and Noblemen of his Realme by the quarrels they entred into for the successor to the crowne thinking the King would die Some being of opinion to call D. Fernand or Arragon Marquisse of Tortose Nephew to the deceased King sonne to D. Leonora his sister others giuing their voice to D. Iohn Nugnes of Lara Lord of Biscay issued by the mothers line from the bloud royal Castile of which party were D. Alphonso Fernand Cornel and Garsilaço de la Vega the contrary party was held by D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque a Knight of great credit with the Queene mother The Kings recouery ended this controuersie touching him that should succeed to the crowne but it gaue beginning and force to
of that realme The Ambassador who was Lewis Gonçales of Luna Gouernor of Cordoua found King Mahumet averse to those conditions which the King of Castile demaunded wherefore he returned without any conclusion reporting how little assurance there was of the Moores faith which made the King of Castile to thinke vpon the affaires of that frontier and to man it well sending some presents to the King of Tunes by Lopes Alphonso of Lorca his Ambassador with complaints against the King of Granado intreating him that he would not succor him in the warre which he was resolued to make against him Mahumet Aben-Azar King of Granado was as we haue said restored to his regal seat in the yeere 1429. Moores two yeeres after his exile who shewed himselfe thankefull to the King of Castile for the fauour and aide which he had giuen him in the recouery of his realme sending sundry Ambassages vnto him with offers and thankes but refusing this yeere to pay the tribute and pensions to the King of Castile which he demaunded of friends they became enemies and the warre was begunne by Diego of Riuera Gouernor of the frontier who running through the plaine of Granado tooke aboue two hundred horse and towards Ronda D. Fernando Aluares of Toledo Lord of Val de Corneja did great spoiles vpon the Moores The King of Castile meaning to imploy D. Diego Gomes of Sandoual Earle of Castro Xeris in this warre hee sent for him to court but the Earle distrusting the King retired to Briones a place belonging to Nauarre from whence hee sent to maek his excuse but it was not allowed Wherevpon the King caused his processe to bee made and by a sentence giuen at Zamora hee was condemned by contumacy as a rebell his castle of Castro Xeris was confisked and deliuered by the Captaine thereof to Iohn of Luxan Castro Xeris confisked Ramir of Tamojo and to Doctor Fernand Diâ—s of Toledo whom the King had sent thether The Earle hauing many great men and of the Kings fauorits which hated him durst neuer more appeare in his presence Before he entred into Granado Don Iohn King of Castile Portugal keeping his Court at Medina del Campo was sollicited by the Ambassadors of Portugal to make a perpetuall pâ—ace betwixt the two realmes wherevnto hee consented and it was sworne in the yeare one thousand foure hundred thirty and one by the two Kings and their eldest sonnes and next successors to the Crowne Don Henry of Castile Prince of the Asturiaes and Don Edward of Portugall Peace betwixt Portugal and Castâ—â—e This peace did end all quarrels betwixt Portugal and Castile and continued fortie three yeares to the great good of both realmes This yeare dyed Don Nugno Aluares Pereira first Constable of Portugal by vertue whereof Don Iohn from being Maister of Auiz came to the royall dignity This great personage towards the end of his dayes possest with a superfluous deuotion left the affaires of the world whereas hee mought haue serued God well and beene profitable to the common-weale retyring himselfe into the Monasterie of the Carmelites in the citty of Lisbone which he had built and there he liued very solitarie and simply almost nine yeares The Portugals speake wonders of the almes-deeds fastings prayers and other workes tending to piety of this Noble man as well in his Monasticall life as before Besides the Carmelites at Lisbone he caused S. Georges Church to bee built in the place of battaile at Aljubarote Religious buildings of the Constable Don Nugno Aluares Pereira that of Saint Mary of Villa viciosa the great Chappell of the religious of Saint Augustin in the same place the Church of Saint Mary de Monte Saint Mary of Portel and Saint Mary of Sonsel and others Before hee retired himselfe hee distributed his goods after this manner To Don Diego his grand-child borne of Donna Beatrix his daughter and of Don Alphonso Earle of Barcellos her husband hee gaue the Earldome of Oren with all the lands which hee held in Extremadura at Lisbone and there-abouts To Don Ferdinand his other grand-child borne of the aboue named heire afer his father of the Duchie of Bragance and who succeeded in the Earledome of Arroyolos with all the rents hee had on this side Tayo and Vdiana To Don Isabella sister to his two grand-children maried to the Infant D. Iohn Maister of Saint Iames of Portugal the Kings Sonne who was the second Constable of that realme hee gaue the lands of Lonsada Payua and Tendanes and the Towne of Almadaan with the rents of Loule and to his familiar vassalls and houshold seruants he diuided his money horses armes apparrell and moueables And thus naked and discharged of all temporall goods hee entred into the Monasterie where hee was possest with so strong an opinion to merit heauen by austoritie of life trauell and affliction of his body as hee resolued to seperate himselfe more from the company of men and to liue alone in desarts if the King Don Iohn and Prince Edward his Sonne had not diuerted him shewing how much it would hurt the estimation which all men had of him and of his wisdome wherefore hee contained himselfe in his Monasterie vntill his death which was in the yeare 1431. and 71. of his age The end of the eighteenth Booke SEMPER EADEM THE NINETEENTH BOOKE of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1 VVArre betwixt the Castillans and Moores seditions among the Princes Moores 2 Troubles in Castile 3 D. Edward the first of that name and 11. King of Portugal his disposition title of Prince of Portugal first vsurped by the eldest c. 4 Pursute of the warre of Naples after the death of Queene Ioane the second by the Kings of Arragon 5 Combats in Castile and else-where warre of Granado 6 Peace betwixt the Kings of Castile Nauarre and Arragon Alliance betwixt them by the marriage of Prince Henry of Castile with D. Blanch Infanta of Nauarre 7 Vnfortunate warre of the Portugals in Affrike 8 Quarrell betwixt the Princes of Castile and the Constable D. Aluaro de Luna with his Insolencies 9 D. Iohn of Pacheco mignion to Prince Henry of Castile comes to bee the greatest man of the Realme 10 Marriage of Prince Henry and the Infanta of Nauarre the Princes dishability to consummate the marriage New troubles against the King 11 D. Alphonso the fifth of that name and 12. King of Portugal gouerned by his mother and the troubles which ensued 12 Continuance of the quarrels and factions in the court of Castile 13 Successe of the warre of Naples made by D. Alphonso the fifth King of Naples 14 Second marriage of D. Iohn King of Nauarre with D. Ioane Henriques Continuance of the troubles 15 Proceedings against the King of Nauarre and them of his faction Seazure of their goods in Castile Battaile of Olmedo lost by the King of Nauarre Condemnation of his confederats 16 The Constable D. Aluaro de Luna restored
the other This was the practise of those kings when they had a desire to change their wiues either for their pleasures or for some other aduancements the Pope interposing himselfe dispencing binding or dissoluing at his will and pleasure by the authoritie of the Romish Sea The second daughter of D. Sancho king of Portugal and of D. Aldoncia was Donna Malfada Queene of Castile a Lady of rare beauty whom D. Henry of Castile married but Pope Innocent the 3. dissolued this marriage within few daies by the solicitation of D. Berenguela sister to this king of Castile who in disdaine that Don Aluaro de Lara had concluded it without her priuitie informed the Pope of their neere allyance that was betwixt them and perswaded him to separate them but this Princesse being thus reiected retired in great disdaine into Portugal where she liued the rest of her daies in the Monasterie of Ronca built by her The third daughter was Donna Sancha a Nunne in the Monasterie of Saint Francis of Alanguer built by her The fourth Donna Blanche Lady of Guadalacaria in Castile and the fifth and last was D. Berenguela who was not maried but did accompany her eldest sister Donna Theresa when as she retired to the Monastery of Lorban This King D. Sancho had familiarity with two Gentlewomen after the death of his wife the first was called Donna Maria Aires of Fornello by whom hee had one daughter called Donna Vrraca and D. Martin Sanches of Portugall who was Gouernor of the fronter of Portugall and a great fauourite to Don Alphonso king of Leon his brother-in-law he married Donna Olalla Peres daughter to the Earle D. Pero Fernandes de Castro Don Sancho did marrie this Gentlewoman his friend to knight called D. Gil Vasquez de Sonça and tooke a second friend whose name was Donna Maria Peres de Ribera whom he loued much and by her had Donna Theresa Sanches who was wife to Don Alphonso Tellez founder of the towne of Albuquerque and had also one sonne called D. Ruy Sancho of Portugall and another daughter Donna Constance Sanches who built the Monasterie of Saint Francis at Coimbrâ— D. Ruy Sancho was slaine in a battaile neere vnto Porto so as the king D. Sancho had in all fifteene children nine lawfull and sixe Banards whereof there were seuen sonnes and eight daughters After the decease of his father hauing raigned abour foure yeares when as they began to treat of a League against the King of Castile whereof we haue made mention certaine English and French ships beeing arriued at Lisbone with many Knights and souldiers which went to the holy Land by the Streight of Gibraltar beeing stayed there by soule weather hee made vse of this occasion and intreated these passengers to assist him at the siege of Silues in the countrie of Algarbe and about the same time there arriued eighteen other ships of war which his brother-in-law Philip Earle of Flanders sent him with which forces hee tooke Sylues and did great harme vnto the Moores of that countrie It was at that time when the Emperour Frederick Barbarossa king Philip Augustus of France and Richard king of England called Corde-Lyon made their voyage into the East that this towne of Silues was taken from the Moores by the helpe of these strangers This King Don Sancho built more townes and peopled more countries then any of the kings of Portugall whereby he purchased the name of Poblador which is as much to say as Builder or peopler of Townes Valencia of Minio Torres-nouas Monte-Maior the new Batellas Penamaçor Sortella Penella Figueira Couillana Folgacino and Montemor were his works with many other places part of the which hee gaue to the Orders of Saint Iames and Auis which began in his time in Portguall to Saint Iames hee gaue Alcacar de Sal Pamela and Almada and to that of Auis Valeillas Alcanebe Geromegna Alcantade and Alpedrin with the castell of Mafra He recouered Yelbes from the Moores which they had taken from Portugall 25 D. Alphonso king of Castille Castile against whom as wee haue sayd the other foure Christian Kings of Spaine had made a League had not yet beene much annoyed thereby in the yeare 1194. An. 1194. wherefore hee thought rather to vndertake some warre against the Moores then to defend himselfe against his neighbours of whom he made shew to haue so little feare as he would not leaue any thing which he had taken or that were in controuersie nay Fort of Nauarre betwixt Logrogno and Negera he built a towne betwixt Logrogno and Nagera the which he called Nauarret to the which he gaue many liberties and freedomes as appeares by his letters granted in an assembly at Carrion in the yeare 1095. Notwithstanding all this the Confederats did not stirre but Histories make mention that D. Sancho surnamed the Strong king of Nauarre who had newly succeeded his father Don Sancho the Wise beeing deceased the yeare before 1194. and he of Leon allyed themselues with the King of Castile for the warre which he intended against the Moores of Andalusia to beginne the which he sent for Chiefe and General of his armie D. Martin Arch-bishop of Toledo a Prelate much esteemed by the Historiographers of Spaine by reason of his great vertues honoured among others by Don Roderigo his successour who termes Don Martin Stole the Diademe of the Church his wisedome prouidence the peace of many his tongue the reformation of discipline his hands the releefe of the poore and his armes the persecution of Blasphemie with other such Spanish elegancies saying in the end that the Church was happie which had such a Pastor these are his very words This Arch-bishop finding armes the fittest meanes to propagate the faith of Christ made so furious an entry into Andalusia as he left horrible markes throughout the whole Prouince where he filled all with murther ruine fire and desolation and then returned triumphantly beeing laden with great and rich spoiles but this expedition beeing suddenly made against the Moores did afterwards bring more miserie and dishonor to the King and his Estate then it had done profit or honor vnto the Bishop who had shewed more rage and fury then valour reason or warlike discipline 26 The Arch-bishops exploit did so incense Aben Ioseph King of the Arabians Moores beeing sollicited by the Moores of Spaine as hauing with great speed leuied a mighty armie of Affricane Arabians yea out of the regions neerest vnto the Negros hee passed the Sâ—eight and came into Andalusia where he ioyned with the Moores of Spaine and marched beyond the mountaine which they call Sierra Morena against the Christians King Don Alphonso the Noble beeing aduertised of this great preparation was come to lodge at Alarcos a fort at that time by reason of the situation of great Importance whether all his vassalls and men of warre of Toledo Extremadura and Castile came where hee also attended supplies from Nauarre and Leon. The Moores
King D. Sancho vntil that their victuals beganne to faile them During this siege the Deputies of the Prouince of Guipuscoa came to D. Alphonso King of Castille making offer that if he would goe thether in person they would yeeld vnto him hauing long desired to bee vnited to the crowne of Castille for that they were ouercharged by the Kings of Nauarre whose fortunes they had followed seuentie seuen yeeres This offer was very pleasing vnto D. Alphonso as a matter of great aduantage wherefore leauing D. Diego Lopes de Haro to continue the siege of Victoria he went in person to Guipuscoa which Prouince put it selfe vnder his protection Guipuscoa yeelded to the King of Castille and of the Kings of Castille vpon certaine conditions and deliuered into his hands the forts of Saint Sebastien and Fontaraby with the castle of Veloaga which is in the valley of Ojarçun which frontierd vpon France a fit place to assure him a passage if need were into Guienne which was then held by the English for that hee had married a Princesse of England Besides these places they gaue him the castle of Athau vpon the frontiers of Nauarre which is now ruined the castle of Achoros Val du L'eniz and the castle of Arrasate called at this present Mondragon vpon the frontiers of Biscay with the fort which was then built vpon the mountaine of Helosua the ruines whereof are to bee seene at this day which mountaine is in the iurisdiction of the towne of Vergara and is otherwise called Arizona This D. Alphonso King of Castille obtained this prouince of Guipuscoa without force and so returned wonderfully content to the siege of Victoria which continued stil the besieged hauing spent al their victuals who by daily messengers did sollicit D. Sancho their King aduertising him of their extremity whereby they should be forced to fall into their enemies hands if hee did not preuent it but hee beeing ignorant of all that had past in his country beeing absent ill disposed and without good councell aduised them to yeeld vnto the King of Castille vpon the best conditions they could Hauing receiued this answere the besieged held out senenteene daies longer attending if the King had not taken some better aduice but seeing there came nothing from him whereby they might hope of releefe Victoria taken by the King of Castille beeing extremely prest with hunger and want of all things they yeelded the towne the which for the scituation and fortification was held impregnable By the taking of Victoria the King of Castille was maister of that other Prouince of Alaua the country of Araya yeelded vnto him he tooke Irrurita Maragnon Saint Croix and all the valley of Campeso King D. Alphonso made this goodly conquest in the yeere 1200. part by force and part by a voluntary yeelding and did greatly diminish the realme of Nauarre although that some places submitted themselues againe vnder the obedience of the King D. Sancho neither did the Prouince of Alaua euer receiue any law from Castille except Victoria and Treuigno To assure himselfe the better of the Guipuscoans and to gralifie them also the King of Castille caused to bee re-edefied vpon the sea coast of that Prouince the townes of Guetario and Motrico the which hee did fortifie and indow with great preuiledges after all these things the King of Nauarre arriued at Carthagena and slipt through Arragon into his country bringing great treasure with him out of affrike at what time D. Alphonso had newly besieged Estella the which was freed from siege vpon the bruite of his comming so great power and reputation hath the name of a king that is present but if he had staied longer in Affrike his country of Nauarre had beene wholy lost Nauarre sends Ambassadors to Castille hauing visibly seene the great harme which the King D. Alphonso had done him hee sent Ambassadors vnto him to desire him to restore him that which hee had taken from him in his absence against al law and iustice and against the accustomed manner of making warre in that age full of loyalty but the King of Castille entertained him with delaies and doubtfull answeres 32. Whilst that D. Caâ—â—â—â— Sancho considers of his losses and of the best meanes to repaire them the King of Castille great mighty and redoubted being allied to him of Arragon and hauing a truce for many yeeres with Aben Ioseph hee beganne to repaire the ruines which the Arabians had made he restored the city of Plaisance Bejar and other places of the country ruined he did the like to Mirabel Segura de la Serra Monfredo Moya and many other places of the realme of Toledo hee also built Aquilar del Campe in Castille and moreouer in Guipuscoa he built the towne of Castro d' Ordiales Laredo Saint Ander and Saint Vincent de la Barquera About the yeere 1201. An. 1201. there was a peace treated of betwixt Iohn successor to Richard King of England and King Philip Augustus of France at Boutauant in Normandy by the which amongst other Articles a marriage was concluded betwixt the Infanta D. Blanche the daughter of D. Alphonso King of Castille Marriage betwixt Lewis of France and D. Blanche of Castille and Queene Elenor sister to the King of England with Lewis eldest sonne to Philip and heire of the realme of France for the which Ambassadors were sent from both Kings into Castille they were made sure by a Deputy for Lewis in the city of Burgos with great feasting and state and the Infanta was conducted by the King her father and other Noblemen of Castille vnto the frontiers of Guienne where the Deputies for the French King did receiue her for whose dowry there was assigned by King Iohn her vncle all the places which were in question betwixt him and the French King whereof the sayd French King was in possession in the Dutchies of Normandy Brittaine and Aniou At the same time D. Alphonso King of Leon seperated by the authority of Pope Innocent from D. Theresa of Portugal his wife sent to demande D. Berenguela the King of Castilles other daughter whereof by reason of the discords which were betwixt these two Kings the father made some difficulty yet vanquished by the perswasions and intreaty of Queene Elenor who desired as much to see her daughter weare a crowne as a peace betwixt Castille and Leon he yeelded vnto it and these two Princes meeting to that effect in the towne of Vailledo it the marriage was celebrated assigning her for her dowry the lands taken the yeere before from the king of Leon except Carpio and Monreal which remained to Castille Of this marriage was borne the Infant D. Fernand who succeded in the Realmes of Castille and Leon. Thinke that the Popes dispensation was not obtained for this marriage for being cousin germains remoued children of the vncle and nephew Pope Innocent the third did seperate them In the yeere 1202. Casfille and 1203
away and forced the towne being taken to flie into Affricke yet he left not to call himselfe King and would haue surprized Ceuta During these things Nauarre Arnaud of Puyane Bishop of Pampelona a Basque by nation held their Synods for reformation of his Clergie Priests allowed to keepe Concubines which was very needfull Two yeares before their had beene a Synode held of many Bishops at Pegnafiel where it was decreed that Priests might keepe Concubines secretly but not openly In Arragon a marriage was treated betwixt the Infant D. Maria Arragon daughter to the king Don Iames and Lewis Hutin the eldest Sonne and then with the Earle of Poictiers second sonne to King Philip the Faire and of the Queene Don Ieanne his wife but it tooke no effect We haue sayd before that the King Don Iames the better to entertaine the peace which he had made with the French raigning in Naples had promised to marrie Blanche the daughter of Charles the Limping Genealogie of Arragon the which he did By this Ladie he had the issue which followes Don Iames his eldest who was married to D. Leonora Infant of Castile but hauing not touched her he sent her home and made himselfe a knight of the order of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem and was afterwards Master of the order of Monteça D. Alphonso his second sonne was king after him Don Pedro the third Earle of Ampurias D. Raymond Berenger Earle of Prages and Ribagorça Don Iohn who was Archbishoppe of Toledo and afterwards Patriarch of Alexandria and Arch-bishop of Tarragone Moreouer D. Constance married to Don Iohn Manuel of Castile sonne to the Infant D. Manuel D. Maria who was wife to Don Pedro Infant of Castile sonne to Don Sancho the 4. D. Blanche a religious woman and a Prioresse of Sixena D. Violant married to the prince of Tarentum and D. Isabella wife to Don Frederick Arch-duke of Austria these were his lawfull children and by his stolne loues he had a daughter which dyed young and Don Iames of Arragon who hauing married the daughter and heire of Don Lope de Luna was Earle of Luna The marriage treated betwixt D. Maria of Arragon Nauarre and the second sonne of France by the meanes of Pope Boniface tooke no effect for that the conditions propounded semed very preiudiciall to Lewis Hutin to whom the succession of Nauarre by right belonged as the eldest the which the Pope and the king of Arragon would haue transferred to the Earle of Poictiers with the Earledomes of Champaigne and Brie and other lands belonging to Queene Ieanne their mother This Donna Ieanne Queene of Nauar a little before her death caused that famous Colledge of Nauarre to be built in Paris endowing it with good rents in Champaigne as well for the entertayning of Regents and Professors in Diuinity and Humanity as of the chappell and Ministers thereof The same Princesse built the towne called Pont de la Roine in Nauarre otherwise called Cares and hauing liued in France one and thirty yeares and neuer returned into Nauarre she died in the yeare 1305. leauing Lewis An. 1305. Philip and Charles who raigned in France and Nauarre successiuely one after another and Isabel who was Queene of England married to Edward the second her children She was buried at the Franciscans in Paris A yeare alter the decease of this Lady King Philip desired to make an allyance with Castille demaunding by his Ambassadors D. Isabel sister to the King D. Fernand but this marriage tooke no effect for some reasons not written some say it was three yeeres after the death of Queene Iane. Lewis Hutin the first of that name six and twentith King of Nauarre 19 LEwis sonne to King Philip and Donna Iane surnamed Hutin first of that name amongst the Kings of Nauarre succeeded his mother in the sayd realme he did not intitle himselfe King vntill hee had beene crowned at Pampelone but onely the eldest sonne and heire of the Realme his surname of Hutin signifies mutin or riotous which he purchased after his comming to the crowne of France or as some say before whether it were that he had beene the cause of contentions or that hee had pacefied them The Queenes death being knowne in Nauarre the Estates assembled at Pampelone where they resolued to send Ambassadors into France to beseech King Philip to send them Lewis his sonne their naturall Prince and hauing written letters to that effect in the name of the Estates they dispatched D. Arnaud of Puyana Bishop of Pampelone and Don Fortun Almorauid Nauarrois send Ambassadors to the King of France and to Lewis Hutin their King who were well and honorably accompanied who being come to the court of France they gaue the Kings to vnderstand the great griefe the people of Nauarre had for the death of their Queene and Soueraigne Lady for whose consolation they besought them that their new King Lewis might goe thither as soone as might bee accompanying this extreame desire of the Nauarrois with necessary reasons for that they had great complaints to make of the gouernment of their Viceroys who had gouerned the affaires of the realme to the great preiudice thereof Whereof the continuall absence of their soueraigne Magistrate was the cause who could not visibly see the Estate of his country and people but was serued by the eyes and eares of others whose reports are commonly false and the truth either concealed or dissembled This request seemed iust vnto the Kings both father and sonne yet King Lewis came not into Nauarre but two yeeres after and in the meane time hee married Marguerite daughter to Robert Duke of Bourgongne with whom hee had in marriage fifty thousand Liuers in siluer and the lands of Gyen vpon Seine of which marriage issued Ieanne who was Queene of Nauarre maried to Philip Earle of Eureux son to Lewis of France by whom the Kings of Nauarre haue pretended right to the Dutchy of Bourgongne against the Kings of France Genealogy of Nauarre for Robert Duke of Bourgongne father to this Marguerite hauing had many children most of them left not any heires and their posterity which had children failed soone there remayning no issue of the house of Bourgongne but that of this Lady married to Lewis Hutin 20 Whilst that the King of Nauarre delaied the time to come into his Realme there were Gouernors or Viceroies after the accustomed manner The great quarrels which had happened in France some yeeres before betwixt King Philp the faire and Pope Bontface the eight had caused many disorders by reason whereof there was a great famine throughout all the realme Pope Boniface had excommunicated King Philip and giuen his realme in prey to him that could take it but hee was a prey to the French who being led by Nogaret of Saint Felix and by the inteligence of Sarra Colonne surprized the Pope at Anania and intreated him so il as soone after for rage and spight hee
enemy Beeing there in counsell A thousand pound starling he assigned 10000. livers of pension for the king D. Iames dispossest vntil he had giuen him lands and reuenues out of Spaine remitting vnto him his rights of Montpellier and other places on this side the Pyrenees alreadie in his possession These things beeing signified vnto him by Don Pedro of Moncado Philip Boillo and Garcia of Loris hee reiected them all saying That he had rather liue banished in a strange Country and suffer all the miseries in the world then to yeeld to so great an iniustice or allow of so vnworthie conditions imposed vppon him by a king which was his kinsman Whereuppon the King Don Pedro renewed the warre that hee might either take him or chase him out of the Kingdome This miserable Prince destitute and quite stript of all meanes and abandoned of his friends and the courage to defie Don Pedro of Xerica accusing him of disloyaltie for that hee had promised him many things perswading him to come to Elne which had not beene kept but Don Pedro was absolued by the king who declared that hee had not fayled in any thing he had promised so as Don Iames sometimes King of Majorca frustrate of all hope was forced to retire into the Countie of Cerdagne hoping to hold those Lands by the fauour and support of Geoffrey Estandart a French-man Gouernour of Puicerdan and other Segneuries on this side the mountaines but beeing deceiued and forsaken of all hee was forced to flie and to passe the mountaines in Nouember the Winter beeing exceeding sharpe so as vppon mount Pimorent which diuides the Contie of Cerdagne from Gasconie hee was like to haue dyed with the extremitie of cold where hee fell into such a passion of griefe as he was readie to haue slaine himselfe This vsage did D. Iames the king of Majorca receiue of his brother-in-law Don Pedro king of Arragon who was at that time againe sollicited to attempt the conquest of Corsica wherunto he yeelded and set some gallies to the port of Boniface this yeare 1344. hauing intelligence and a secret league with William Roncaual Rowland Ornan Henry Cortingo and others of the chiefe of the Iland In the yeare 1345. Castile D. Alphonso King of Castile gaue order for the building of the new towne of S. Ander 1345. called Heybar and a league from thence of the towne of Marquine called also Helgoybar which he peopled with the inhabitants of the villages of that countrie giuing them lawes and priuiledges according to the iurisdiction of Logrogne 25 The yeare following 1346. An. 1346. a donation was made by Pope Clement the 6. resident in Auignon to D. Lewis de la Cerde sonne to the Infant D. Alphonso of the fortunate Ilands or Canaries vpon condition that he should conquer them and cause the Gospell to be preached there to this end he came into Arragon and there began to prepare an army at sea wherein he was much assisted and fauoured by the king D. Pedro but we find not that he past into the Ilands and to speake truly it would haue beene distastfull vnto the king of Castile in whose Streight these Ilands are situated yet this D. Lewis held the title of Prince of the fortunate Ilands D. Iohn Manuel who had neuer loued the king of Castile from his heart was glad of these petty discontentments by fauour whereof hee spread abroad false reports and aduertisements to draw the two kings of Castile and Arragon into warre but what he could not do by his practises occasion wrought at the treaty of marriage which the king of Castile would make betwixt D. Fernand of Arragon his nephew sonne to his sister D. Leonora and D. Eluira Infanta of Portugal who is by some called also Leonora by reason whereof king D. Alphonso and D. Leonora his sister had an interview at Tordelaguna which put the king D. Pedro into such iealousie being then a widower which was in the yeare 1347. as hauing done what hee could to diuert this marriage 1347. he resolued to demand the Infanta of Portugal for himselfe for the which he sent his ambassadors The king of Castile beeing much mooued that hee of Arragon did thus seeke to crosse him sent Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque into Portugal to hinder the conclusion of this marriage but hee arriued too late for the ambassadour of Arragon had so negotiated as all was concluded whereat the king Don Alphonso was much offended 26 This D. Pedro king of Arragon had in his time many wiues Arragon the first was D. Maria Infanta of Nauarre daughter to king Philip of Eureux by whom he had D. Constance Queene of Sicily wife to D. Frederic the second D. Ieanne married afterwards to D. Iohn Earle of Ampurias and one sonne who died as soone as he was borne and the mother fiue dayes after in the yeare 1347. To his 2. wife he had this Infant of Portugall to his third he tooke D. Leonora some call her D. Constance daughter to Frederick the 2. King of Sicily by whom he had D. Iohn his successor in the Realme D. Martin Earle of Xerica and Luna and Duke of Momblanc and first Constable of Arragon who by the death of his elder brother was also King of Arragon and D. Leonora which was wife to D. Iohn Infant of Castile afterwards king the first of that name of Castile and Leon. Besides these great Princesses the King Don Pedro being old and a widower fell in loue with a subiect of his owne of a meane family called Sibile a widow borne at Forcia in the territorie of Ampurias and married her of whom he had D. Izabella who was Countesse of Vrgel and wife to Don Iames. These were the marriages of the king Don Pedro who raigning cruelly and couetously incensed the Estates and Nobilitie of his Realmes of Arragon and Valence against him whereas the subiects made Leagues against their Prince which did in a manner ruine and confound that Estate King Don Alphonso not forgetting to make vse of that occasion to be reuenged of the wrong and iniurie which hee pretended had beene done him in disappointing the mariage of his Nephew Don Fernand with the Infanta of Portugall The King Don Pedro hauing no sonnes at the consummation of this second marriage sought to haue an oath taken to D. Constance his eldest daughter heire to the Realme of Arragon and other lands depending and annexed after his decease the which was cause of great seditions for Don Iohn Earle of Vrgel the kings brother gouerning the Realme then as Gouernour or Lieutenant generall opposed himselfe violently by reason whereof the King who was violent and rough in all his actions chased him away and tooke from him his publike charge then hauing emancipated Donna Constance his daughter hee made and instituted her Gouernesse or Regent of the Realme to make her way to the succession there beeing present at this act and
had the gouernement of the Church who gaue credit to the image of Saint Marie of Nieua and beganne to build the Church thereof the which was afterwards augmented by the Queene Donna Catherina This image was sound by one Peter who for that cause was furnamed Of good aduenture who hauing found it aduertised the bishop It is much reuerenced by the Spaniards who hold that shee doth wonderfull and great miracles The yeare 1400. at what time the Iubile was the Spaniards going about to set vp a An. 1400. great Bell in the Church at Seuile all the people being assembled and the King D. Henry being in the tower a sudden tempest with lightning slue many scattered the rest and amazed the whole citty In the yeare 1401. 1401. there was some likelihood of an agreement betwixt the Kings of France and Castile and Pope Benedict attending the determination of a general Councel The Christian Princes which did acknowledge him besides these were the kings of Arragon Nauarre Scotland Cypres and the Duke of Sauoy The rest of the Potentats did adhere vnto Pope Boniface residing at Rome but Benedict was not long in quiet for the Cardinals and Clergie which were about him whereof the chiefe was Iohn of Nouacastello Cardinall of Ostia borne in Burgondy rebelled against him being fauoured and sollicited by the French yea there were sent to Auignon by the duke of Orleance brother to king Charles Robin of Bracamont and William of Mollon who set guards about the Popes pallace â—â—ards set aâ—out the Popes pallace and kept him as it were prisoner for that hee would not voluntarily relinquish his Popedome But the king of Arragon mediating for him he sent Don Iames Prades his Constable who procured him his libertie and that hee should be obeyed in the Countie of Venice In this tumult there were onely three Cardinals which shut themselues vp with the Pope which were Pampelona Girone and Saint Adrian many men of accompt endured much especially Nauarrois and aboue all Don Martin of Salua Cardinall of Pampelona Don Bertrand of Gramont Pronotarie and Master of the sacred pallace and others This Pope aduanced to the Archbishoprick of Toledo a nephew of his sonne to his brother D. Iohn Martin of Luna beeing Doctor of the Canon law and administrator of the church of Tarragone he was also called D. Pedro de Luna but he was not so soone consecrated The affaires of Castile being reasonable quite the Infant Don Fernand the Kings brother and Duke of Pegnafiel was perswaded by some Noblemen to take vppon him the gouernement of the Realme pretending that the king D. Henries infirmitie and continuall paine was the cause he could not intend it so as many things succeeded not well but this was but a cloake to couer the enuie which they bare to D. Ruy Lopes of Aualos Constable of Castile on whom the king relyed giuing him great authority in all things thoroughout the Realme Famiâ—y of Auaâ— lâ—s issued â—ot of Nauarre This Constable was borne at Vbeda of meane parentage but honest whose auncestors came out of Nauarre he was a man of great courage and singular iudgement in matters of warre or in any other charge that was committed vnto him It therefore grieued these Noblemen of great houses to be commanded by him seeking to thrust forward the Infant D. Fernand to disturbe the State But D. Fernand was no fit instrument for their desseins for if there were euer an obedient brother and patient in all things it was he besides being of a slow spirit affaires of great consequence did ouercharge him neither did he willingly vndertake them Finally he was a louer of peace and enemie to warre and tumults For these causes he reiected them that would haue him gouerne shewing them the inconueniences and scandals which would grow by such enterprises exhorting them that if his brother did not seeme vnto them very profitable by reason of his infirmities they should attend the remedie from the prouidence of God with patience This Prince Don Fernand was as we haue sayd married to D. Leonora Countesse of Albuquerque who was heire to many Estates in Spaine For besides the Earledome of Albuquerque and the fiue townes of Infantazgo the townes of Haro Bironâ— Cerezo Vilhorado Ledesma Codesera Azagala Alconchel Medellin and Alconeta were of her patrimony besides the which king Iohn had giuer her Villalon and Vruegna in exchange of other places She was first called Vrraca but she changed it she was a vertuous Ladie and noble in all her actions hauing many children by her husband as we will shew treating of the affaires of Arragon In the yeare 1403. the riuer of Guadalquibir did so swell as it came ouer the wals of Seuile and couered the houses in the lower parts with great losse of men and goods To preuent which accident the diligence of Alphonso of Toro Gouernour for the iustice of that city is much commended The yeare 1405. 1405. Genealogie of Castile was happie and ioyful to the Castillans by reason of the birth of the Infant Don Iohn heire of those Realmes in the towne of Toro Queene Katherine hauing had before D. Maria at Segobia in the yeare 1401. who was Queene of Arragon A while after she brought the king another daughter called Katherine by the mothers name and was future wife to D. Henry Master of Saint Iames third sonne to the Infant D. Fernand. Pope Boniface the ninth being dead a little before seuen Cardinals did chuse the Archb. of Rauenna called Cosmat borne at Sulmona in the realme of Naples being Cardinal of S. Cruz Innocent the 7. chosen Pope in the place of Boniface the 9 whom they named Innocent the 7. So as the schisme continued stil in the Romish Church His competitor Benedict passed the alpes and came to Genoua to conferre with some Potentates of Italy of the meanes how to cease the schisme Beeing there he did consecrate his nephew D. Pedro de Luna Archb. of Toledo and Primate of Spaine and moreouer made another Archb 9. Bishops and 8. Abbots Hee had in his traine that famous Preacher Vincent of the house of Ferreres of Valencia who then preached in the citty of Genoua and since in many other places and especially in Spaine with a great opinion of holines By the death of D. Diego Hurtado of Mendoça high Admirall of Castile which happened the same yeare there was aduanced to the place D. Alphonso Henriques younger brother to the Earle of Transtamara and to his lands and goods which were as great as any Noblemans in Castile succeeded his sonne D. Inigo Lopes of Mendoça a famous personage D. Iohn of Castile one of the base sons of the king D. Pedro had secretly married himselfe in prison to the daugther of Bertrand Erillo his keeper of whom he begat Peter and Constance Constance was a Nunne in the Monasterie of S. Dominicke the royall of Madrid Peter being condemned to perpetuall prison escaped
such courtesie and modestie he got honour and wealth for himselfe and the Kings his masters vnto whom hee sent great treasures in recompence whereof he was made great Commander of Alcantara Columbus his fourth and last voyage to the Indies Then was the Admirall Columbus permitted to go to sea who departed with foure Caruels set foorth at the Kings cost with an hundred threescore and ten saylers but beeing come to the mouth of the riuer Oçman in the Island of Hispagniola the Gouernour Nicholas d' â—uanda would not suffer him to come into the city of S. Domingo wherfore he sayled to the port Escondido or hidden and after came to the riuer and cape of Fig-trees from whence he ran more then three hundred and seuenty leagues alongst the Southerne coast desirous to find a passage beyond the Equinoctiall he came to a place called Nombre de Dios and from thence returned to Cuba and foorth-with passed to Iamaica where he lost two Caruels In this Iland the Admirall had many crosses for most of his people fell sicke there to the death then they mutined and would haue slaine one another Francisco de Porras Treasurer of his nauie being author of that sedition and besides that the Indians refused to giue him victuals which did greatly trouble him for this he found a present remedie and beeing a good Astronomer he knew that the day following there would bee a great Ecclipse of the Moone Columbus foretels an Eclipse of the Moone to the Indians to feare them he told the idolatrous Indians that if they gaue him not victuals they should all of them die of the plague and for a true token thereof they should the morrow after see the Moone appeare all bloudie the which by reason of the Eclipse became duskie and spotted the Indians were so greatly amazed thereat as they besought the Admirall to pardon them and to reconcile them to the Moone and brought him more victuals then he had need of Hauing remained a yeare in Iamayca the Admirall Columbus returned into Spayne from whence he neuer afterwards did stirre this was his fourth and last voyage to the Indies The same course held king Manuel in his nauigation to the East Indies wherein hee spared no cost Portugal for hauing had ample information of the whole voyage of Calicut by D. Vasco de Gama he had sent thither in the yeare 1500. a Nauie of twelue Carauels vnder the command of Captaine Pero Aluares Cabralde a Gentleman of Portugal followed by other Gentlemen manned with fifteene hundred souldiers carrying along with him fiue Friars and good store of merchandize to exchange for spices and other things which the East produceth all of it according to the order and appointment of Don Vasco de Gama These Caruels hauing sayled in view of the Ilands of the Canaries and arriued at S. Iames as they discouered the Isle of Bresill there appeared to them a Comet with long and fearefull beames towards the East continuing their voyage there arose so great and strange a tempest as by day the water of the sea seemed as blacke as pitch and in the night like to fire which swallowed foure of those shippes the rest of the Naâ—y sayling on in great danger came in sight of cape Double and from thence arriued at Mosambique then sayling towards Melinde and beyond that to Anjauina they came at last within a league of Calicut from whence he beganne to contract with the King of the same countrie but afterwards they fell at oddes which caused losse to either of them Vppon this occasion Pero Aluares Cabralda went into the land of Malabar belonging to the King of Cochin with whome he agreed and found meanes to lade his ships with spices and so returning homewards he touched at the cape of Good hope and from thence to Lisbone where he arriued in Iuly in the yeare 1501. 1501. with sixe Carauels of twelue that hee carried out with him hauing beene in that voyage neere sixteene moneths Before his returne Iohn de la Nueua Gallego Voyage of Iohn de la Nueua a Portugal departed from Lisbon with three shippes and a Caruell for the selfe same voyage of Calicut but King Manuel conceyuing in his mind to find a way to the Isles of Moluccos and those countries where the spices grow he sent the same yeare 1501. a skilfull marriner called Americus Vespucius a Florentine with foure Carauels who passed not much farther then Saint Augustines Cape and without taking notice of the great riuer of siluer or Rio de Plata he returned home The yeare 1502. Don Vasco de Gama An. 1502. Admirall of Portâ—gall was againe sent by the King into the East D Vasco de Gama his second voyage with thirteene shippes and three Carauels manned with great numbers of Gentlemen and souldiers with Merchandizes munitions and victuals and all other things necessarie for so long and painefull a voyage and within few dayes after hee sent other fiue shippes to follow Don Vasco commanded by Stephano Gamo By these were new lands discouered to the great profit and commodity of the nations of Europe This same yeare King Manuel had by his wife Queene Mary Birth of prince Iohn of Portugal a sonne called Iohn who succeeded him in the Kingdome the day of whose birth was rainy and such thunder and lightning on the day of his christening as the Royall pallace was in danger of beeing burned And the yeare following 1503. his daughter the Infanta Izabella was born An. 1503. who came to be Empresse of Germany Birth of D. Isabella and was mother to king Philip the second deceased Don Vasco beeing returned from his luckie and prosperous voyage king Manuel gaue no intermission to that most profitable and honorable nauigation but the Portugals hauing raised warre in the East betwixt the Kings of Calicut and Cochin tooke the King of Cochins part beeing by him receyued and welcommed into his countrie and hauens so as he of Calicut did in short time know that he had greatly erred in wronging his guests The yeare 1504. King Manuel hauing notice of this warre An. 1504. was displeased therewith and set foorth a Nauy of twelue great shippes Voyage of Lopes Suares de Meneses Don Lopes Suares de Mereses beeing Admiral of the same who arriued in safetie at Cochin by meanes whereof they did greatly encrease the renowne of the Portugals and established the trafficke pourchasing their King friends not onely among those Easterne people but also tributarie Princes for his seruants These conquests were pursued by Ferdinand of Almeyda and Alphonso of Albuquerque and other vertuous and valiant Captaines which haue continued those voyages since and by meanes thereof haue carried some knowledge of the name of Iesus Christ to those barbarous and vnbeleeuing people The Court of Castile lying at Alcala de Henares the yeare 1503. the Princesse D. Ioane was there brought in bed of a sonne who
was named Don Ferdinand who was king of Hongarie and Bohemia and at the last Emperour In Alcala dyed Don Guttiere de Cardegna great Commander of Leon a most faithfull seruant to the Kings who would haue giuen the great Commanderie to Iohn Lopes of Leaçarraga their Treasurer but he refused it saying that he had alreadie too much wealth hee likewise refused the place of generall Superintendent of the Kings reuenues and left behind him the report of a loyall faithfull and iust man in all his affairs he was borne in the towne of Ognate The affaires of Italy not succeeding prosperously for the Kings of Spaine they began to resolue vppon somewhat that might bee hurtfull to the French The great Captaine kept himselfe in Barletta beeing constrayned to retire himselfe thither and wanting all necessarie things so as the French forraged the countrey at their owne pleasure but at the last hauing new supplies as well from Sicill from whence Hugo de Cardona entred into Calabria with certaine companies of Spaniards which had serued the Duke Valentinois when hee warred vppon the Vrsins with intent to haue made himselfe Lord of Romagnia as also from Spaine from whence the King sent Don Manuel de Bonarides with certaine numbers of horse and foote Antonio de Leua his first passage into Italy with which troupes Antonio de Leua did first passe into Italy who was a famous Captaine in the warres of Lombardy and Piedmont betwixt France and Spain and likewise after that other Spanish companies arriued vnder the conduct of Don Pedro Puerto Carrero who dying in Italy hee left his men vnder the commaund of Ferdinand of Andrada who hauing receyued by the gulph of Venice some Germaines which had beene leauied by him hee employed these forces in such sort beeing sometimes diuided and sometimes vnited as hee soone restored all things and suppressed the enemie by the winning of many victories Spayne hauing alwaies after that time the aduantage Yet they had treated an accord betwixt the two Kings Lewis and Ferdinand Prince Philipp in Flanders and had sent Ambassadours to that end but without any effect vntil that the passage and the returne of the Arch-duke Philip Prince of Spayne into Flanders gaue some greater hope of an agreement This Prince passing thorough France in his returne as he had done going was honorably receiued in all places especially at Blois whereas King Lewis attended him who to vse the Arch-duke with greater courtesie and to assure him the more had sent certaine French Noblemen into Flanders for hostages vntill he were arriued the which the Arch-duke caused to returne beeing loath to yeeld vnto the King in demonstrations of friendship and ceremonies Beeing at Blois they treated an accord betwixt the French King and him of Spaine the Arch-duke Philip hauing an ample Commission with this onely restraint that hee should communicate all things to the Ambassadours of Castile which were sent expresly with him and shold gouerne himselfe by their counsell Matters beeing debated Treaty of peace betwixt France and Spaine in the end they were concluded by the confirmation of a future marriage betwixt the Ladie Claude of France the Kings eldest daughter and Don Charles of Austria sonne and heire to great Estates which fell to the house of Austria capitulating that the Lands which were in question in the Realme of Naples should be left in deposito in the Arch-dukes hands and the future spouses should from that time intitle themselues Kings of Naples and Dukes of Calabria That the French king should enioy that portion which did belong vnto him in the sayd Realme and appoint whome he pleased to gouerne it in the names of the Princes Charles and Claude and that the mariage beeing consummated he should giue it in dowrie with his daughter This peace was sollemnely sworne in the Church at Blois but yet it prooued of no effect for notwithstanding that the Arch-duke gaue speedie aduice vnto the Kings Don Fernand and Donna Isabella yet they did not forbeare to make warre in the Realme of Naples whence they had daily intelligence that their great Captaine prospered wherefore hee beeing required by the Duke of Nemours Lieutenant for the French King to stay all acts of hostilitie he answered that hee had no such commaundement from the King Don Fernand his master but continuing to make warre as well in Calabria as in other parts of the Realme the French had alwaies the worst hauing had two Armies defeated in lesse then eight dayes one in Calabria led by the Lord of Aubigny who was then taken with many other Noblemen the other at Cirignole whereas Lewis of Armaignac Duke of Nemours their Generall was slaine with many French By meanes of which victories the great Captaine tooke Naples Capua Auerso and Melfi by composition and in the end the two castles of Naples by mynes and other practises inuented by Peter of Nauarre so as the French had nothing but Gayette and some other small places remayning in the Realme of Naples The kings of Castille being aduertised of these things 1504. they little regarded the accord made by the Archduke their some in law Excuses of the Catholike kings for not maintaining of the peace alledging for excuse that he had exceeded his charge and had not gouerned himselfe by the aduice of the embassadors which went in his companie Yet they sent embassadours into Fraunce to treat a new peace in a more honest forme than before propounding that the realme should be restored to king Frederic But king Lewis holding them but mockeries and that the kings of Spaine had no wills to dispossesse themselues seeing that all things succeeded wishfully for them he sent backe their embassadors without any other answer 30 Before that the Court of Castille parted from Alcala D. Iohn Chacon gouernor of the frontire of Murcia Death of Pope Alexander the sixt died From Alcala the queene came to Madrid and from thence to Segobia where she had news of the death of Pope Alexander by poison which had bin prepared for certaine cardinals by the duke of Valentinois his sonne the which he also drunke through the negligence of the cup-bearer or butler who tooke one bottle for another Cardinall Francisco Thedeschin Picolonimi of Siena succeeded him who was called Pius the third but hauing held the See but six and twentie dayes there was chosen Pope Iulian of Roueâ—e bishop of Alba and then of Ostia cardinall of S. Peter ad Vincula whom they named Iulio the second In these elections of Popes which are made through the fauour of the princes and great monarches of Christendome for the interest of their temporall estates the citie of Rome was in great feare and jelousie that the great captaine would approach with his victorious armie on the one side and on the other the lord of Tremouille being sent into Italie by the French king with great forces and assisted by Florentines Siennois the duke
Eylo or Zethon whom we had confined into Ouiedo in the beginning of the raigne of this Alphonso who being made earle or gouernour of Biscaie by the kings bountie would rebell as his brother had done Rebellion of the gouernor of Biscate forcing the king to send an armie against him by the which he was vanquished taken and led to Ouiedo where he ended his dayes in prison This Zeno left two daughters the one called Theude was maried according vnto some to D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre and the other D. Iniga to the infant D. Suria of whom we shall hereafter speake This was in the yeare 856. All this time and to the yeare 859 Moores Anno 859. there had beene a suspension of armes betwixt king D. Alphonso and the Moores but that yeare king Mahumet went to armes and came and besieged the towne of Coimbra belonging now to Portugal but D. Alphonso forced him to raise his siege and not content therewith entred into the Moores countrey wasted it and returned with great spoyles continuing euerie yeare to annoy them in such sort as they were constrained to accept of a truce for three yeares with the preiudice of their reputations and great disaduantage in their iurisdictions Then there raigned in Sarragosse a Moore called Aben Alfaie The rest of Mahumets raigne vnto his death was spent in voluptuous lust and idlenesse In his time there was a great earthquake in Spaine and a little before his death lightening entring into the Mosquee where he was slew two Noblemen Moores neere vnto him D. Garcia Inigues third of that name and seuenth King of Nauarre 37 About the yeare 867 Nauarre and Arragon vnited as some Authors write died D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre to whom succeeded D. Garcia Inigues his sonne the third of that name who vnited the countrey of Arragon to Nauarre by marying with D. Vrraca daughter to D. Fortun the last earle or of D. Endregot Galinde of the same house and familie of Arragon He had two sons by this Ladie D. Fortun and D. Sancho Abarca and one daughter called D. Sanctiua or Sancha They write this fable of D. Sancho That the king going inconsiderately with his queene through the mountaines of Nauarre he was surprised by certaine Moores and slaine and the queene ouerthrowne being thrust into the bellie with a Moores launce at such time as she was great with this D. Sancho Some houres after a knight whom they called D. Sancho of Gueuara passing that way met with this pitifull spectacle and saw that the child had thrust forth a hand by the mothers wound and had laboured to come forth there wherefore this knight lighting from his horse made the wound greater so as he drew forth this infant aliue without any harme then he carried it to his house with good witnesses where he caused it to be nourished according to his degree vntill he grew great and then he presented him to the Estates of the realme and made him be acknowledged for their lawfull king But as we say it is like to be a fable and hath no great authoritie yet they say that the surname of Ladron which is peculiar to the house of Gueuara came for that this knight did secretly nourish the infant D. Sancho D. Sanctiua the daughter was maried to king Ordogno the second sonne to Alphonso the great 38 They hold opinion Biscaie That the lords of Biscaie had their beginning at this time in D. Suria whose posteritie was famous for many yeares for after that D. Zeno had beene vanquished and led prisoner as we haue said the Biscaines seeing themselues without a head fell to mutinies and seditions Thither was sent D. Ordogno sonne to king D. Alphonso whom they called Earle of Asturies who began to ouerrun and spoyle the countrey The townes and comminalties assembled to make head against him chusing D. Suria for their captaine who was descended from the bloud royall of Scotland by his mother and had maried a daughter of Cont Zenos called D. Iniga but at that time deceased The forces of either part came to fight in a place called then Padura The battell was sharpe and cruell and for that the whole countrey did swim with bloud the place was from that time called Arrigoriaga which in the countrey language signifies a vermilion stone The Biscaines with the aid and by the valour of D. Sancho Estiguis Lord of Durando who ended his dayes in this battell won it which was in the yeare 870. After this victorie the Biscaines chose D. Suria for their Lord as well for that he was sonne in law to their last Earle and gouernour Zeno by his daughter notwithstanding we doe not read that he had any children as for the valour and good conduct they had seene in him in this warre This D. Suria did presently after marie the daughter of D. Sancho Estiguis in whose right he got the Seigniorie of Durando which was vnited vnto Biscaie whose posteritie did enjoy those lands vntill the time of D. Henrie the second of that name king of Castille and Leon. The linage of D. Suria was called de Haro Castille the old had also an Earle called D. Diego Porcello 39 Mahumet Miralmumin of Cordoua Moores Anno 874. hauing liued some time in peace by reason of the last truce made with the Christians died in the yeare 874 leauing 54 children by his wiues whereof 34 were males and 20 females He had held the kingdome 35 yeares and his death was in the 257 yeare of the Arabians raigne Almundir sixt king of the Moores at Cordoua His sonne Almundir succeeded him who liue but two yeares hauing done nothing worthie of memorie against whom they of Cordoua rebelled notwithstanding that he offered to free them of the tenth part of their tribute which they paid He left six sonnes and seuen daughters Such was the estate of Spaine in the time of king D. Alphonso who had to wife a Ladie of the bloud royall of France called Ameline Ouiedo but they changed her name to D. Ximena by whom he had foure sonnes D. Garcia D. Ordogno D. Fruela who raigned and D. Gonsalo the Archdeacon This king in his later dayes gaue himselfe wholly to workes of pietie building of churches and monasteries indowing them with rents and great reuenewes and adorning them with iewels vessels of gold and siluer and precious ornaments according to the ceremonies brought in and maintained in the Church In the yeare 877 the church of S. Iaques was consecrated at the instance of this king and by the authoritie of Pope Iohn the eighth where many Bishops were present And it is to be noted that in those dayes the citie of Ouiedo was full of Bishops without any flockes for they did chuse Bishops of townes that were in the Moores possession keeping an account of their succssion Ouiedo the towne of Bishops all which did liue in Ouiedo and therfore it was called the
Mediterranean sea which at this day belongs to Granado much frequented of Merchants of diuers nations There he found the sea armie of Count Raymond and the galleys of Genoua which had alreadie attempted it vnder the command of Ansaldo Doria Vbert Torre and other captaines of that common-weale This place was so furiously battered both by sea and land Almerie taken by sorce as it was taken by force yet the Moores beeing retired into a part of the cittie of good strength they were taken to ransome from whom they drew great sums of mony They say that at this prize that great and inestimable Emâ—raud without peere was taken the which is at this day at Genoua and was giuen vnto them for their part of the bootie and in recompence of the great seruice they had done there Emeraud of inestimable price Yet many beleeue that the Geneuois brought it out of Palestina from the towne of Cesarea at which seege they were employed The spoyle sacke of this place was diuided betwixt the Castillans Nauarrois Geneuois and the subiects of the Earle D. Raymond This is all which was done in that voyage from whence euery one retired into his countey rich some by land some by sea The King Don Garcia Ramires accompained his father in-law into Castile where he remayned with great tranquilitie and content the rest of that yeare If the Christian affaires in Spaine succeeded well against the Moores Câ—â—â—cell at Rhâ—ims those in Syria declined much wherupon a Councell was held at Rheims vnder Pope Eugenius the 3. to resolue vpon some meanes to support the estate of the Kings of Ierusalem by some ayde from the Princes of Europe Thither went D. Raymond Archbishop of Toledo as Primate of Spaine who passing by Saint Denis in France obserued in a chappell an Inscription of this tenour Here lyes Saint Eâ—genius the Martyr the first Archbishop of Toledo Beeing returned he reported vnto the Church what he had found whereof the Emperor Don Alphonso and the Kings children were aduertised who together with all the people were exceeding glad for since the death of this holy man they could not learne where his body lay Beeing thus found they of Toledo procured means to haue one of his armes from king Lewis the young It was a remarkable act of Religion in the Archbishop Don Raymond in his voyage to Rheims In our time King Philippe obtayned from Charles the ninth the French King and from Charles Cardinall of Lorraine and Abbot of Saint Denis the rest of the bodie as they say of this Martyr the which was brought to his Church of Toledo where he had gouerned Domiâ—an beeing then Emperour at Rome for they did not know him much in France neither did it serue to any purpose amidst the ciuill or rather vnciuill warres growne for matter of Religion D. Raymond Berenger beeing returned into Cattelogne Arragon and Barcelone hauing the Geneuois army ready and at his commandement he employed it against the towne of Tortose which was held by the Moores the which he beseeged both by sea and land at which seege the Earle left D. William Raymond of Moncada Seneshall of Cattelogne for his Lieutenant generall whilest that he made a voyage to Barcelone to pacifie some seditions which were risen in that extie Such was the diligence of the Seneshall and Geneuois as by the 30 day of the seege after many sharpe assaults giuen and valiantly defended the towne was taken Toriose taken by the Arragonois and soone after D. Pedro de Semenate arriuing with fresh supplies the castell was also taken the Geneuois had their part of the spoyle for the good seruices they had done vnto the Earle And the Authours of the Arragon Historie write that a third part of the towne was giuen in fee to the Seneshall D. William Raymond of Moneado and another third part to the common-weale of Genoua which portion was afterwards redeemed by the Eaâ—le D. Raymond Berenger for 16000. Marauidis Maroquins a kind of mony which was then currant leauing vnto the Geneuois the Iland of Saint Laurence and granting vnto all the Inhabitants of the citty of Genoua and of the iurisdiction the which was limited by Porto venere towards the East and by Monaco vppon the West along the sea shore exemption of all Imposts and customes Henrico Guercio Marin Moro William Lusio and others beeing then Gouernours of the Common-weale Whilest the Earle was busie at this warre VVarre betwixt Nauarre and Arragon the King of Nauarre brake the truce made at Saint Estâ—enne de Gormas for that the King Don Garcia hauing caused the Emperour Don Alphonso and other Noblemen and Prelates to perswade and aduise the Earle to relinquish the pretensions which hee vaunted to haue to the Realme of Nauarre hee would not do it but threatened to poursue it when oportunitie serued wherefore the Nauarrois did ouer-runne the Countrey of Arragon and tooke the Towns of Thauste and Fayos where they put good Garrisons to serue as a frontier against the Arragonois It is no wonder Pâ—rtugal if in all these attempts of the Christian Princes in Spaine against the Moores the new King of Portugall did not ioyne with the rest for that hee was in disgrace and out of fauour with the Emperour D. Alphonso who held him as an vâ—urper of the Estate of D. Theresa his mother and moreouer of the title of a king in a Prouince which was subiect to the Soueraigntie of Leon. King D. Alphonso Henriques hauing liued now 52. yeares without a wife he married in the yeare 1146. D. Malfada Manriqua de Lara daughter to the Earle D. Manrâ—qtâ—ue Lord of Molina a great Nobleman of Castile by whom he had one sonne named D. Sancho who succeeded him in the Realme of Portugall and the Infanta D. Vrraca who was married first to D. Fernand the 2. of that name Gencalogie of the Moores King of Leon and Gallicia and from them issued D. Alphonso King of the same Realmes father to the King D. Fernand the 3. of Castile and Leon a marriage notwithstanding which was broken by reason of their proximitie of bloud and for that they were married without a dispensation King D. Alphonso Henriques had another daughter by D. Malfada called D. Theresa maried to Philip Earle of Flanders the first of that name and one called Malfada as the mother Besides these lawfull children the King of Portugall had one bastard before he was married whom they called D. Pedro Alphonso of Portugall Soone after his marriage beeing importuned by the continuall complaints of his subiects for the spoyles which the Moores of Saint Iren committed in his countrie he resolued to beseege that place but he preuailed more by policie then happily he should haue done by open force for marching thither in the night after that he had made a vow passing by that place where as now stands the royall monasterie of Alcouaça to build a Monasterie there
either of his other three children 10000. Marauidis of gold and 250. Markes of siluer to his Bastards 7000. Marauidis of gold and certaine Markes of siluer The rest he ordained shold be employed to charitable vses as to build and indow Monasteries and Hospitals to redeeme captiues and to make Chalices Crosses and such like ornaments He also ordained to haue the bridge of Coimbra and the house of Saint Ladre built neither did hee forget the Apostolike Romaine Sea for he did bequeath vnto Pope Innocent the third an hundred Markes of gold and there was not any Church in his Kingdom but tasted of his bountie He was interred in the chappell of Saint Croix of Coimbra neere vnto the Queene Donna Aldoncia his wife from whence he was afterwards remoued into the Arch of the great chappell In the same Monastery are buried D. Henry D. Sancha Donna Blanca D. Berenguela and D. Constance his children D. Alphonso the 2. of that name the third King of Portugall AFter him D. Alphonso his son held the scepter of Portugal who was then about 27. yeares old 1212. Gencalogic of Portugall and was crowned in the citty of Coimbra And for that he was big fat and vnweldie of his person they surnamed him the Grosse he was alreadie father of two children D. Sancho and D. Alphonso whereof the second married Matilda heire to the Earle of Bologne in France besides these he had by his wife D. Vrraca of Castile Don Fernand who was Lord of Serpa and married to the daughter of the Earle D. Frenand of Lara of Castile called D. Sancha Fernandes from whom issued a daughter which was Queene of Denmarke into which Realme D. Elenor daughter to this king D. Alphonso was first married Besides these lawfull children the king had company with a Moore of whome he begot D. Alphonso Martines D. Alphonso at his first entrance had great lars with his sisters for the hee would haue taken from them the lands which his father had giuen them for their portions whose quarrell D. Alphonso king of Leon did imbrace and sent his sonne D. Fernand accompanied by D. Martin Sanches brother to these Ladies for his guide being very young with an armie who took from the king of Portugal Valencia of Minio Melgaçon Hulgoso Frexo and other places this war was afterwards ended by the commandement of Pope Innocent who threatened to censure the kings of Portugal and Leon if they made not a peace to take armes against the Mores who were enemies to the true Catholike Religion from whom about that time and as the armie of Castile was dissolued after the battell of Muradal D. Pedro king of Arragon tooke Castelfabid and Ademus which are in the Realme of Valencia 37 Wee haue sayd before Arragon that this king had a sonne by his wife vnthought of who was called Iaime this Infant was much enuied and his life sought by his Vncles of either side who wished there had issued no heire from Don Pedro and Donna Mary Countesse of Montpellier that they might haue succeeded to their Estates a murtherous and couetous desire which did chiefly possesse Don Fernand Abbot of Montarragon Wherefore they did breed vp Don Iayme carefully and as much as they could out of danger the king his father was aduised to send him into France to bee kept by some Noble man his friend where hee might be more safe then in Spaine wherefore hee gaue him to Simon Earle of Montfort to bring vp in whome he had great confidence but hee abused him for warre beeing attempted against the Albigeois in the which the Earles of Tholousa were ingaged Don Pedro king of Arragon and the Earle of Montfort grew enemies and were in armes one against another the Earle beeing made Generall against them of Albi and their adherents and the king Don Pedro fauouring the Earles of Tholousa father and sonne who had married his sisters The euent was as the Histories of Spaine report that the Earle of Montfort who had conceiued a great hatred against the Earles of Tholousa hauing then great forces from the French king vnder colour of making warre against the Albigeois which were fallen from the Church of Rome hee entred in hostile manner into the Earles countrie whereof the king of Arragon beeing aduertised by his brother-in-law hauing vntill then taken part with the Earle of Monfort in this quarrell of the Albigeois he turned against him hauing first aduised him but in vaine and caused the Pope to admonish him that vnder the pretext of warre against the Albigeois who were declared Heretickes he should not reuenge his priuate quarrels D. Pedro beeing passed into France and meaning to beseege Symon of Montfort in the castle of Muret which place he meant to abandon there happened a furious skirmish among them where as the king of Arragon was slaine vpon the place and with him Don Aznar D. Pedro king of Arragon slain in France 1213. and Pedro Pardo father and sonne Don Games de Luna Don Michel Luesia Michel Rada and many other Noblemen of Arragon the Earle of Montfort retired safe with his men Such was the pittifull end of this King Don Pedro in September 1213. hauing raigned happily and in great reputation eighteene yeares three moneths and 20. dayes his bodie has carried to the Monasterie of Sixena founded by the Queene his mother The Albigeois warre continued the end whereof you may see in the Histories of France They were people which opposed themselues against the Popes Supremacie and hunane inuentions brought in to the Christian Religion taught first by one called Amaulry in the towne of Alby and thereabouts against whom the Pope incensed Christian Princes In this action Dominicke a Chanoine of Osma did great seruice to the Romish Church Dominicke of Osma author of the Order of lacobins beeing brought into France by D. Diego his Bishop whom the Pope did send his Legat for the effect The Vniuersitie of Paris did also condemne the opinion of the Albigeois but Dominick relying not much vppon disputations and reasons perswaded all Princes and their subiects to armes as beeing the most expedient meanes for the which he was canonized and put in the catalogue of Saints It was he which brought in the Order of preaching Friars Our French Histories say that Don Pedro fauoured the Albigeois and yet those of Spaine giue him the title of Catholike In his time beganne the Impost for Beeues and other cattell in Cattelogne which was after his returne from the battaile of Muradal as well by reason of the great expences of the warre as for the great summes disbursed for the marriages of Don Pedro's three sisters Don Iames the first of that name the eighth King of Arragon 38 DOn Iames or Iaime his sonne was then in the power of the Earle of Montfort in the towne of Carcassone the which did much trouble the Arragonois and Castellans who laboured all they could to haue their Prince but it auayled
them free with the forts in the hands of the Estates to inuest them to whom by right it should belong 10 That if they infring any of these Articles or any part of them the subiects should be quit of their oth of subiection which they ought them These Articles being promised and sworne by the King and Queene they were sollemnly crowned and the Deputies of the Estates Noblemen and Officers of the crowne tooke their oth of obedience Coronation of Philip of Eueâ—euâ— in the Cathedral chruch of Pampelone And afterwards there were orders set downe by the King and Queene for the Gouernment of the Realme the which being written were sent into France and confirmed by King Philip of Valois at Paris the same yeere of our Lord 1329. After that time the French Kings had no command in Nauarre hauing held that realme eight and fifty yeeres vnited to the crowne of France yet King Philip of Valois retained of the inheritance of his cousin the Countesse of Bry and a while after hee gaue them other lands in exchange yet not of that value Philip and Ieanne King of Nauarre had these children following Genealogy of Nauarre Charles who succeded in the realme Philip Earle of Longueuille Lewis Earle of Beaumont le Royer and afterwards Duke of Duras Ieanne married to the vicont of Rohan Mary Queene of Arragon wife to D. Pedro the ceremonious Blanche Queene of France last wife to Philip of Valois and Agnes Countesse of Foix married to Gaston Phaebus some of which were borne before their Election and some after Lewis the third sonne of this marriage was Earle of Beaumont in Normandie for that he married the heire of that house by whom he had one sonne called Charles of Beaumont who married the daughter of the Vicont of Mauleon in Nauar Beginning of the house of Beaumont in Nauarre and was the first Standard-bearer of the realm through the fauour of King Charles his vncle Of this Charles of Beaumont is descended the house of Beaumont in Nauarre After the death of the Countesse of Beaumont Lewis married Ieanne daughter and heire to the Duke of Duras vpon the coast of Macedonia towards the Adriatike sea and was intitled Duke These things being done in Nauarre King Philip being aduertised that the French King marched with a mighty army against the Flemings rebelled who had chased away Lewis their Earle and committed many insolencies against the Kings Officers both in words and deeds he parted out of Nauarre beeing loath to faile him at need who had so kindly suffered him to take possession of the Realme leauing the Queene D. Ieanne to gouerne Nauarre He was present at the battaile which King Philip of Valois gaue the Flemings at Cassel whereas twenty thousand were slaine vpon the place by meanes whereof Count Lewis was restored to his Estate and the Flemings subdued This warre being ended the King of Nauarre returned into his realme It was then that the Infant D. Alphonso de la Cerde sonne to D. Fernand eldest sonne to King D. Alphonso of the Astrologuer being ill intreated in Castille Donation made by the Infant D Alphonso de la Cerde to the Kings of Nauarre where he pretended the crowne made a donation vnto the crowne of Nauarre of the rights which he pretended in Guipuscoa Alaua Rioja and other lands the which had in former times belonged to Nauarre and were vsurped and retained by the Kings of Castille Some affirme that this donation was made in the yere of our Lord 1330. But howsoeuer King Philip desirous to do Iustice to gouerne his Realm wel which had great need and therefore was necessary to entertaine peace with his neighbours made no great account thereof at that time but sent Ambassadors to D. Alphonso then raigning in Castile Ambassadors sent from Nauarre to Castille to seeke his friendship The Ambassadors found the King at Talauera la Reyna who entertained them well Their Ambassage was that the Realme hauing many yeeres wanted the Soueraigne Magistate and in a manner abandoned by their Kings it was no wonder if many things had happened contrarie to the ancient alliances betwixt the houses of Castille and Nauarre for what did the Viceroys and Gouernors care beeing strangers hauing no resemblance of manners nor other bond of friendship with the Spaniards how all things went so as they were obeyed in the country and that they might vaunt they had rather done wrong then receiued any keeping continuall garrisons of strangers ready to commit any insolencies whereof God had some times shewed his Iudgement euen in the last incounter neere vnto Beotibar where by an extraordinary and miraculous punishmen God had chastised the negligence of the foure last Kings which had held the realme of Nauarre who had respected it so little as they had scarce looked towards it yea the two last neuer came nere it which had made the bad to grow more insolent and so to continue vntill that the lawfull heires of the crowne of Nauarre were come to their possession by the decease of King Charles the Faire Philip Earle of Eureux husband to their true Queene D. Ieanne being called to raigne who had sent this Ambassage vnto him to let him vnderstand these things as a neighbour Prince and friend with whom they desired to entertaine peace and friendship by all good offices which Princes and neighbour Estates may receiue one from an other The King D. Alphonso hauing heard this Ambassage fitted vnto the deseignes of the new Kings of Nauarre moderating the things which had past betwixt these two realms before their Election answered that hee was glad the Nauarrois had had meanes to recouer them for their Kings to whom the crowne did by right belong and that for his part he desired to entertaine a perpetuall friendship with King Philip and Queene Ieanne and to shew it by the effects in any occasion that should be offered wherewith he would acquaint his subiects to the end their Kings vassals both Nauarrois and French should be well intreated in Castille and if any wrong were done them it should bee repaired and that they should aduertise their Kings on his behalfe to doe the like in thier countries The Ambassadors returning with this answere gaue great contentment to King Philip who to administer Iustice erected a new Court of Parliament in Nauarre the which was called New to distinguish it from the Old hee and the three Estates of the realme naming men worthy of that charge The like Ambassage was sent by him into Arragon and Portugal who were returned with pleasing answers Matters beeing thus setled in a better Estate then before Ambassadors from Nauarre to Arragon and Portugal the King and Queene returned into France leauing for Gouernor a French gentleman called Henry of Guliac or of Solibert but with a more lymited power then former Viceroys and Gouernors Such was the Estate of Nauarre vnto the yeere 1331. Let vs now returne
both captaines and souldiars ranne like madde men one vpon an other with greater obstinacy then against their enemies and many were cruelly slaine so as this rage had a manner ruined the Arragonois Estate in that Island but God had otherwise decreed for the Pisans beeing very weake and brought low with the long precedent warres Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia which they had sustained both against the Geneuois and Arragonois did quit the Island of Sardinia by an agreement made betwixt the King of Arragon and their Senat in the yeere of our Lord 1326. so as the towne of Sassari was yeelded to the Arragonois Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia the Marquis of Malespina surceasing and promising to be obedient to the King and his Lieutenants Thus the Kings of Arragon became Lords of Sardinia without contradiction for a time but in their owne country of Cattelogne and Valencia there wanted no troubles and quarrels which grew amongst the Noblemen of the country Troubles and quarrels where is much idle Nobility beeing an ordinary thing that whereas there is great store of idle Nobilitie there is alwaies 〈◊〉 and contention to the oppression of the people D. Arnaud Roger Earle of Palliars and Raymond Folch Vicout of Cardona were then in armes one against an other by reason of a murther committed on the person of D. William Queralt whereof the Earle of Palliars was accused and either of them hauing a great troupe of friends and Partisans held allattelogne in confusion with their horrible insolencies In the country of Valencia D. Iames Lord of Xerica was in quarrell with his owne mother D. Beatrix of Loria and would haue put her out of her lands and possessions so as this quarrel did in a manner diuide the King and his sonne D. Alphonso the one supporting the mother and the other the sonne The soueraigne should alwaies be a Iudge and not a Partisan in his subiects quarrels These quarrels were reconciled with much paine for when as the Souveraigne Magistrate doth medle in his subiects quarrels and of a iudge becomes a Partisan his authority leanes to the one side and the remedies are more difficult and lesse effectuall D. Iames of Xerica during these troubles married the widowe Queene of D. Sancho of Majorca whose name was Mary sister to Robert King of Naples a woman of an vnchast life In the yeere of our Lord 1327. Don Iames the Young of Majorca did homage for the Islands and Land which the held as well in Cattelogne as on this side the mountaines to the King of Arragon as to his soueraigue in the presence of Don Philip his vncle and Tutor Don Pedro and Don Raymond Berenger the Kings children Caston of Moncade Bishoppe of Huesca and many others and within few daies after Don Iames King of Arragon died in the towne of Barcelona hauing raigned sixe and thirty yeeres foure monthes and a halfe A Prince rather inclined to good then bad to whom learning and learned men owe the foundation of the Vniuersitie of Lerida in Cattelogne seuen and twenty yeeres before his death which hee endowed with many preuiledges and would haue that alone throughout all his dominions forbidding all other schooles but for Grammer and Logicke His bodie lies buried in the Monastery of Santa Cruz. D. Alphonso the fourth of that name the twelfth King of Arragon DOn Alphonso his sonne succeeded him to whom was giuen the surname of pittifull Hee was not the eldest but that Don Iames his eldest brother quitting in his fathers life time the succession of the crowne of Arragon as wee haue said entred and inuested himselfe into that Order of Knights of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem Hee was King This was his issue During his fathers life Genealogy of Arragon hee married first Donna Therefa of Entenza Countesse heire of Vrgell by whom hee had the Infant Don Pedro borne at seuen monthes end who was King and he Infant Don Iames Earle of Vrgell and Vicont of Ajar and moreouer foure other sonnes and one daughter who died verie yong and are interred at Sarragossa in Saint Francis Church with their mother Donna Constance who was wife vnto Don Iames the last King of Majorca Donna Theresa had not the title of a Queene for that shee died foure daies before the King Don Iames her father in lawe Beeing King hee tooke to his second wife Donna Leonora of Castille daughter to the King Don Fernand the fourth who was mother to Don Fernand Marquisse of Tortoça who married at Ebora Donna Maria of Portugal daughter to the King Don Pedro and was slaine by the commaundement of his brother raigning an Arragon hee had also by her Don Iohn who died in Castille Don Alphonso beeing come to the crowne hee gaue the countrie of Vrgel and other Lands to his second sonne Don Iames. Comming to Saragossa where the generall Estates were assembled hee tooke and receiued a reciprocall oth according to the auncient custome of Kings his predecessors and was crowned King in the yeere of our Lord 1328. in which yeere were crowned in Nauarre Philip of Eureux in France Philip of Valois and at Rome the Emperour Lewis of Bauaria At this Coronation of King Don Alphonso did assist with the Deputies of the Estates Don Iames of Arragon Lord of Xerica Don Pedro Iuge of Arborea Don Raymond Folc Vicount of Cardona Don Arnauld Roger of Mataplane Earle of Palliars Don Alphonso Fernandes of Arragon Lord of Ixar Don Lope de Luna Don William and Berenger Anglesol Don Iohn Ximenes of Vrrea Don Pedro Ceruel Don William Ceruillon Don Othon of Moncado and Don Othon of Fosses with other Noblemen There were aboue two hundred and fiftie Knights made with the ceremonies accustomed in those times where there was present the Ambassadors of Iohn King of Bohemia called Henry Bomallia who brought a promise from his Maister that hee would come into Spaine to make warre against the Moores with the King of Arragon the which he did not The warre which Arragon made against the Infidells King of Arragon makes warre against the Moores of Affricke was more in Affrike then in Spaine for the opportunity of Sardinia did inuite the Kings of Arragon for to raise their powers and make warre against the Moores which commaunded at Tunes Bugie and Tremessen Notwithstanding beeing mutined againe by the perswasion of the Geneuois this yeere a truce was made betwixt the King of Arragon and Abubacar pettie King of Tunes and Bugia and Abduria Hamen King of Tremessen The Court beeing at Daroca about the end of this yeere an Edict was made that for tenne yeeres no towne castle gouernment nor any customes imposts or places of Iustice whatsoeuer should bee giuen or alyenated from the reuenewes of the Crowne the which the King seeking afterwardes for to breake it caused great alterations and tumults Don Iames King of Maiorca did a new homage to King D. Alphonso for his realme and other lands
Iohn Infants of Arragon with many other knights followed him He tooke D. Maria of Padilla from Montalban brought her to Toledo These that were about him preuayled so by their intreaties as he returned to Vailledolit to his wife but he stayed but two dayes and went away againe leauing the Lady much perplexed at these strange courses The Queene D. Blanche retired with the Queene-mother to Tordesillas and the king returned to D. Mary of Padilla who entertained the hatred and dislike which the king had of his wife that shee alone might enioy him It is written by Diego of Valera that among all the precious iewels which the Queene had brought out of France there was a rich girdle which she presented to the king her husband the which D. Mary of Padilla hauing in her power she found out a Iew Girdle inchanted a Magitian which did inchant it so as when the king would put it on beeing amazed and demanding what Prodigie it might be his minions who were allyed to his concubine answered that they were the goodly presents which this French Gentlewoman had brought him Whereupon he was much incensed against this poore Lady In the meane time D. Tello the kings base brother married D. Ieanne the eldest daughter of D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara deceased whereuppon by this marriage he became Lord of Biscay and of the other places and lands aboue-mentioned the which did much offend the king causing him to grow into a greater furie and rage against him and the rest then before whereof the sharpest effects were against them that reprooued his leud life and the indignities he did vnto the Queene his wife whom for spite hee caused to be led to Areualo with a guard and vnder the custodie of Don Pedro Gudiâ—l Bishop of Segobia and a Bourgesse of Toledo in whome he trusted his name was Tello Palomochio as a prisoner and began to displace all the Officers of her house and al others which had beene aduanced by the fauor of D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque hee tooke away the Office of Chamberlaine from Guttiere Fernandes of Toledo and gaue it to Diego Garcia of Padilla brother to his Mistris that of Cup-bearer which Iohn Rodrigues of Viedma held was giuen to Aluar Garcia of Albornoz the allowance of diet was taken from Guttiere Gomes of Toledo and giuen to Pero Gonçales of Mendoça a great Lord in Alaua from whence are descended the Dukes of Infantazgo In Seuile the king did also change many of the chiefe Officers of the Realme which had beene aduanced by the fauour and councell of Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque giuing them to others that were recommended by Diego Garcia of Padilla and Iohn Fernandes of Hinestroça namely he looke the gouernment of the frontier from Don Garcia Fernandes Manriquez and aduanced Fernand Perez Puerto Carrero Thus the king altered things within his Realme forced the greatest to humble themselues and to sue vnto the kinsfolkes and fauorites of Donna Maria of Padilla hating all them deadly that did but tell him that he ought to loue Donna Blanche the Queene his wife and liue Christian-like and honestly with her as Don Gil Carillo of Albornoz Arch-bishop of Toledo had sought to do who being of his councell and a Prelate of great dignitie in Spaine had presumed to reprehend his disordered life in that behalfe Arch-bishop of Toledo forced to leaue Spaine but hee tooke it in so ill part as this reuerent man was forced to abandon all the liuing hee had in Spaine and retire to Auignon to Pope Clement by whose successor Innocent the sixth who came to the Popedome that yeare 1353. he was made Cardinall and in his life-time they proceeded to a new election in the Arch-bishoppricke of Toledo and Primacie of Spaine putting in his place one Don Blaise This King made himselfe to be feared and so much hated of all the Noblemen of his Realme as euery man made choice of a party and sought how to assure himselfe from his fury and violence Don Iohn Nugnes of Prado Master of Calatraua a friend to Don Iohn Alphonso of Abuquerque retired into Arragon to the Commanderie of Alcaniz but the king who had a desire to haue him in his power sought all meanes lawfull and vnlawfull to assure him so as he made him come vppon his faith and promise that he should haue to harme This good Knight who found himselfe guiltlesse of any crime but that he had beene a friend to the Lord of Albuquerque came into Castile to the towne of Almagro but he was presently beseeged by the kings commandement by Don Iohn de la Cerde and by Peter Nugnes of Godoy who notwithstanding did secretly aduice him to returne into Arragon before that the king who was gone out of Seuile to come thither were arriued the which he would not do saying That he found his conscience free from all rebellion and that he had no cause to feare to put himselfe into the kings mercy but it succeeded ill for him The king beeing come the master came vnto him and cast himselfe at his feet intreating him to receiue him in his iustifications but this cruell Prince refusing to heare him him Imprisonment and murther of D. Iohn Nugnes of Prado master of Calatraua depriued him instantly of the Master-ship of Calatraua the which he gaue to Diego Garcia of Padilla and commaunded that he should bee carried prisoner to the castell of Masqueda whereas Stephen Domingo of Auila commanded an there within few dayes after he was murthered by Diego Lopes of Portas seruant to Diego Garcia of Padilla whereof the king would haue excused himselfe saying That it was done without his commandement but it appeared sufficiently that he was not discontented there-with Going from Almagro the king came before the towne of Medellin belonging to the Lord of Albuquerque whereas Diego Gomes of Silua a Knight of Galicia a commanded the towne yeelded fearing the kings furie and soone after the castle the which the king in disdaine of the Lord of Albuquerque caused to be instantly razed after which hee led his army before Albuquerque the which was held in the name of their Lord by Martin Alphonso Botello a Genlteman of Portugall and vnder him commanded Peter Esteuanez Carpintero Commander maior of Calatraua The King hauing summoned them to yeeld the place vppon refusall he proclaymed them Rebels whereof the Portugall who was not his subiect made no accompt The Commander excused himselfe saying That the place was not in his power Wherefore he past on towards Cobdesera another place belonging to Don Iohn Alphonso the which he would not take so as after some skirmishes he left Don Henry Earle of Transtamare and Don Frederic Master of S. Iames his breethren who followed him against their wils and he came to Caceres Afterwards he resolued to send ambassadors into Portugall whither the Lord of Albuquerque was retired to demand him of the king of Portugall as his
dispute long of the meanes to make a peace but they could not conclude any thing And there being also assembled by the Legats care in the towne of Sanguessa D. Iohn Alphonso of Majorca Chancellor of the priuy seale for the King of Castile and the same Admiral of Arragon for the King his Maister they effected as little as at Tudelo Wherevpon the King of Castile beeing aduertised that his brother D. Henry would enter into Castile seeing they could not conclude a peace he came to Leon where hee would haue slaine D. Pedro Nugnes of Guzman and some other Knights which had left him but they escaped yet hee tooke Pero Aluarez Osorio in Villaniebla as hee was at the table with Diego Garcia of Padilla maister of Calatraua Murthers committed by the King of Castile without respect of order or quality Comming afterwards to Burgos he caused Diego Ariâ—s Maldonado he Archdeacon to be slaine for that hee had receiued letters from his brother D. Henry of Transtamara D. Henry with the army of Arragon entred by Rioja and tooke great spoiles from the Iewes inhabiting there but especially at Nagera he also tooke the towne of Haro and came as farre as Pancoruo where he vnderstood that the King of Castile came to encounter him and was at Birbiesca so as D. Henry retired to Nagera The King of Castile passing by Grisalena Pancoruo Ameiugo and Maranda of Ebro he came to Saint Dominike de la Calçada and then to Açofra Here areligious man of the towne of Saint Dominike presented himselfe vnto him and told him that Saint Dominike had reuealed vnto him and enioyned him to tell him Predistiou of a Monke to the King of Castile who caused him to be burned for his reward that if hee did not take good heed of D. Henry his brother hee should die by his hand The King caused this religious man to be apprehended and carefully examined to finde out whether that which hee had said had beene suggested vnto him by some one or that it were a reuelation The Monke maintained that Saint Dominike had reuealed it vnto him and persisted in this answere being often examined But the King did not regard it and for a reward of his prediction the which he found in the end to be true he caused him to be burned There were many skirmishes about Nagera betwixt the Arragonois and Castillans whereas the Castillans had the better being stil the more in number but the King of Castile beeing not come with sufficient prouision to beseege townes leauing Nagera and Cont Henry hee rerturned to Saint Dominike and from thence past by Logrogno But the Legat who alwaies treated a peace procured a cessation of armes in those quarters so as D. Henry returned into Arragon by Nauarre The King also tooke the way to Seuile where beeing arriued he found that they had taken at sea the General of the gallies which the King of Arragon had sent into Barbary to aide the King of Tremessen his name was Mathew Mercier whose head hee caused to bee cut off there were foure gallies also taken with him Knights of Castile executed He also put to death there Men Rodrigues Tenorio Fortun-Sanches Calderon Fernand Gudiel of Toledo they were those Knights which being retired into Portugal had beene deliuered to the King of Castile in exchange by the king of Portugal as hath bin mentioned He also put to death D. Pero Nugnes of Guzman who could not auoide his owne misfortune and soone after in the towne of Alfarâ— he cut off the head of D. Guttiere Fernand of Toledo for that hee spake his minde too freely in matters which did concerne the good of State and for the zeale he had to his honour and seruice he caused as much to bee done to Gomes Carillo of Albornoz beeing in a galley Thus this ill aduised King tooke a delight to shed the bloud of his Nobility neither did hee for-beare prelats for if hee slue them not he chased them out of his Realme with ignominy and losse of their goods but in the end his excesse procured the iust indignation of his subiects against him which made him loose both Realme and life Hauing as wee haue saied put to death D. Guttiere Fernandes of Toledo hee bent his fury against his brother D. Blasco Archbishop of Toledo but hee durst not dip his hands in his bloud for that hee was of the Ecclesiasticall iurisdiction wherefore hee sent Mathew Fernandes Chancellor of his priuy seale to Toledo to commaud him in his name to depart his country and to retire into Portugal the which this prelat was forced to doe in such hast as hee had no leisure to take any of his stuffe but went as hee was appareled without companie or any commoditie for his voiage And the same daie that hee departed the King came to Toledo the which did much afflict all those that had the gouernment of the towne The Archbishop came to Coimbra in Portugal where soone after hee ended his daies in the Monastery of Saint Dominike with an example of notable patience from whence his body by the Kings permission was carried to Toledo and there interred Don Gomes Manrique was chosen Archbishop of Toledo in his place and Primate of Spaine beeing numbred for the three score and one Prelat or according vnto some three score and two of that Church Samuel Leui a Iew A large spoile of a Iew condemned high Treasorer was committed to prison in Toledo by the Kings commandement with all his kindred who were carried to Seuile where he caused them to bee put to death after they had beene cruelly tortured to make them confesse where their goods were of whose confiscation the King got aboue foure hundred and three score thousand doublons of gold and foure thousand markes of siluer besides many rich iewels and silkes Beeing in that city in the yeere of our Lord 1361. the King had an intent for to make warre against the Moores An. 1361. but hee deferred it for a time beeing prest by that of Arragon for about that time the treatie was effected which had beene long before practised with Gonçal Gonçales Lusio Gouernor of Tarassone Tarassone yeelded by practise which place hee deliuered to the King of Arragon and had the florins aboue mentioned in recompence And moreouer hee married with Violant daughter to Don Ximenes of Vrrea and to Donna Eluira Cornel with the Lands of Biote â—ace and Asinios in dowrie Don Pedro Ximenes of Sampero was put in garrison into Tarassone The warre betwixt these Potentates after some small exploites was in the end concluded by a peace which the Cardinall aboue named did mediate at Deça By the which the Castillans which were retired into Arragon had their Conge and restitution of places was promised to either part for the performance whereof hostages were deliuered to the King of Nauarre or to his brother Lewis then viceroy in Nauarre This peace lasted
lands and reuenues to Don Lewis brother to king Charles and to prouide him a wife and to giue fifty thousand florens to vngage certaine townes which king Charles had pawned to Gaston Phebus Earle of Foix his brother-in-law and to intertayne him a certaine number of men against any enemy whatsoeuer namely sixe hundred horse-men of the country of Nauarre if it were against Castile but if it were against France then to entertaine him a thousand and to ayde him at need with all his forces both by sea and land and moreouer he quit vnto him for euer and to remaine to the Crowne of Nauarre Saluatierra and the place called the Terme of Real For assurance of these things which were very honorable for the king of Nauarre he of Arragon promised to lay in deposito the towne of Iacca Vncastilla Sos Exea and Thermael which should be committed to the fidelitie of Raymond Allemand of Ceruillon a knight of Arragon who for this effect should be discharged of his oath of homage and vassailage which he ought vnto the king of Arragon and should sweare fealty to him of Nauarre to deliuer him the places put into his hands if the aboue-mentioned accord should be broken by the king of Arragon The king of Nauarre promised for his part to quit the allyance of the king of Castile and to make warre against him and his children and for his part he layed in pawne the towne and castle of Sanguesse Gallipienço Vxué Aybar Caseda Pitellas and Penna and moreouer the person of Arnaud Lord of Luse his Chamberlaine who was much fauoured by him which articles were sworne at Vncastillo in the presence of the Earles of Transtamara Ribagorça and others whome the Kings commanded to keepe this league secret It was not sufficient for these two Kings to fortifie themselues against the attempts of the king of Castile Diuision of the Realme of Castile before they had conqueredit for their safeties and defence but they would also diuide the Beares skin before they had taken him sharing the Realme of Castile in such sort as the king of Nauarre should haue the cittie of Burgos with all old Castile all the country of the mountaines of Oca vnto the limits of Nauarre and the Ocean sea comprehending therein the Prouinces of Guipuscoa Alan and Biscay and moreouer the townes of Soria and Agreda And for the king of Arragon were assigned the Realmes of Toledo and Murcia They did also conspire the death of Don Pedro king of Castile the king of Arragon offering to him of Nauarre 200000. florens and the proprietie of the townes and castles of Sos Vncastel Exea and Tiermas if he slue him or deliuered him prisoner vnto him and without it hee offered him presently the cittie of Iacca with the territorie and vallies The better to dissemble these practises they ordained that Don Lewis the king of Nauarres brother should make a roade into Arragon but he should suffer himselfe to bee taken prisoner by Don Alphonso Earle of Ribagorça the which was done but Lewis of Nauarre was soone deliuered and the king of Nauarre did so dissemble his intentions as the king of Castile could not discouer any thing This last desseigne was thus plotted betwixt the two kings without the priuitie of any man in regard of Don Henry Earle of Transtamara with whom the king of Arragon had other practises For Don Henry affecting openly the Realme of Castile vppon hope of the fauours which he attended from France promised vnto the king of Arragon that if he assisted him he would giue him to hold in Soueraigntie the sixth part of the lands hee should conquer by his ayde in Castile whereunto the king of Arragon gaue eare being alwaies vniust vnto his brother Don Fernand Marquis of Tortosa to whom the Realme of Castile did belong by right if Don Pedro the cruell died without lawfull heires These bargaines were not so secret but the Infant Don Fernand had some notice thereof for the which he was so transported and made such a stirre as the king of Arragon and the Earle of Transtamara resolued to dispatch him of which councell was Don Bernard of Cabrera the which was soone after executed for the Infant Don Fernand seeing that himselfe was no more secured in Arragon then in Castile Death of Don Fernand of Arragon and therefore desiring to retire himselfe into France the King of Arragon his brother found meanes to stay him and to kill him in the castle of Buriane in the territorie of Valence In the yere 1363. Iohn the French king died being returned into England An. 1363. for to deliuer the hostages which he had giuen not being able to enduce the States of the kingdom to accomplish the capitulations with the English Charles King of Nauarre hearing these newes hee made preparation to passe into France to which Realme Charles the fift his brother in-law had succeeded but this warre of Arragon had so intangled him as hee could not so as his affaires prospered not well on this side the Pyreneé mountaines In the yeare 1364. An. 1364. the two kings of Nauarre and Arragon renewed their league but with some alteration King of Nauar open enemy to the king of Castile the King of Nauarre hauing alreadie discouered himselfe an enemy to the king of Castile To this end they met at Sos where they agreed to continue this warre against Castile and that it should not be lawful for the one to make any peace or truce without the consent of the other That the king of Nauarre should make no accord with the French king but he of Arragon should be comprehended They gaue hostages one vnto another for assurance of their conuentions The king of Arragon gaue his sonne D. Martin and he of Nauarre a son of Lewis his brother and the children of Don Iohn Ramires of Areillan of Don Martin Henriques of the Lord of Grammont of Don Bertrand of Gueuara Fernand Gil of Asian Martin Martines of Oriz and of Michel Sanches of Vrsua These articles were sworne by the chiefe knights and townes of either part and for that the summes of mony promised to the king of Nauarre at the capitulation of Vncastello were much augmented it was sayd that the K. of Arragon shold deliuer him 50000. florens presently in Sos and for the rest he should haue deliuered him in pawne the citty of Iacca Sos Vncastello Tiermas and Exea Another priuat accord was made betwixt the king Don Charles and Don Henry of Transtamara in whose hands the hostages should remaine The king of Nauarre promised to enter in person into Castile and there to make warre and to be assured of Don Henry hee would haue in hostage for his part his daughter Donna Leonora who was afterwards Queene of Nauarre and a base sonne of his called Don Alphonso Henriques The Earle promised that if at any time he should get the realme of Castile he would suffer the King
the sort or castle of Tafalla As for Fillot of gramont hee continued three yeeres in prison and then was deliuered In the meane time the King Don Charles beeing in great care for the detention of his sonne in France hee caused Don Iohn King of Castile to bee sollicited by Donna Leonora his daughter in law who was retired into Castile to the King her brother who was strictly allied and a friend to the French Deliuery of Prince Charls in sauor of the King of Castile to bee a meadiator for the deliuery of the Infant Don Charles The King of Castile desirous to gratefie his sister imployed his best meanes to the young French King and his Gouernors and did so importune them by messages letters and Ambassages as they set the Infant Don Charles of Nauarre at libertie As for Don Pedro his younger brother and Donna Maria his sister they had beene released before Don Charles soone after his deliuery hee went into Nauarre to the great content of all the Nauarrois It was a great hatred and mallice in the King Don Charles the Father for to attempt such a wickednesse against the princes of France who shewed their generositie in consenting to the deliuerie of the Infant who was not guilty of his fathers offence who in all his actions was of so sower a disposition Disposition of D. Charles King of Nauarre as hee could not pursue his rights nor treat of any affaires with other princes but in choller and disdaine and whereas he could not obtaine and bring to passe what hee pretended hee had recourse to synister and vnlawfull practises desiring to reuenge himselfe of those that did him any iniury by what meanes soeuer Hee had one sister called Donna Agnes married vnto Gaston Earle of Foix called Phebus who for the wrongs hee had done vnto her husband was verie ill intreated by him so as shee was forced to leaue his companie and to retire into Nauarre who was soone after followed by a sonne shee had by him called Gaston where both beeing receiued and honoured by King Charles conferring often with his sister of her husbands bad vsage hee conceiued such a hatred against the Earle Gaston as hee drew young Gaston their sonne to poison his father and gaue him a venimous poulder to that end telling him that it was a remedy to make him change the hatred hee bare him and his mother into loue This young Nobleman beeing simple and ill aduised beleeuing what the King his vncle had said vnto him he returned into Foix to his father with an intent to season him some meate with this poulder Misâ—rable death of young Gaston of Foix. but hee could not so play his part but casting the poulder into the meate it was perceiued by the cookes or otherwise discouered wherefore the Earle commanded his sonne and onely heire to bee taken causing him to die miserably in prison so as after him hee left none but bastards which did not succeed in the Earledome of Foix one of them was Bernard who serued Henry the second King of Castile in the conquest of the realme against the King D. Pedro and was rewarded by him and endowed with lands and Estates in Castile from whom descended the dukes of Medina Celi or Zelim who by the mothers side belong to the bloud of Castile according to the order which followeth D. Fernand de la Cerde Beginâ—ing of the house of Celi or Zelim eldest sonne to D. Alphonso the Wise or the Philosopher left two sons D. Alphonso and D. Fernand of D. Alphonso married into France came D. Lewis Earle of Clermont and D. Charles or Iohn according vnto some Constable of france and Earle of Angoulesme D. Lewis Earle of Clermont married in Andalusia Don Leonora of Guzman daughter to D. Alphonso Peres of Guzman and was Lord of Hulua and of Port Sancta Maria and other lands in the right of his wife of which marriage issued Don Lewis Don Iohn and Donna Isabella de la Cerde This Donna Isabella was by the King Don Henry the second being setled in the realme of Castile married to Bernard bastard of Foix and had in dowry Medina Celi with the title of an Earle of them came D. Gaston surnamed de la Cerde leauing the name of the house of Foix and Bern. Hee was the second Earle of Medina Celi and married Donna Mencia of Mendoça daughter to Don Pedro Conçales of Mendoça a great Nobleman in Alaua by her hee had one sonne called Don Lewis who was the third Earle of Medina Celi and married with Donna Iean Sarmiento daughter to Diego Peres Sarmiento from whom came Don Gaston de la Cerde the second and forth Earle of Medina Celi who married Donna Leonora of Mendoça daughter to Don Iâ—igo Lopes of Mendoça Marquis of Sentillana from whom descended Don Lewis which succeeded him in the Earldome in whose time it was made a Dutchy D. Lewis married Donna Anna of Nauarre and Arragon base daughter to D. Charles Infant of Nauarre and Arragon This is the Genealogy of the house of the dukes of Medina Celi Such as wee haue sayd were the actions of Charles King of Nauarre whom in the end God strooke with a Leaprosie King Charles a Leapeâ— which made him to leaue all care of the affaires of this world and to giue himselfe to workes of piety according to the manner of those times which was to build chappels to ordaine Masses and Anniuersaries for his deceased parents and to adde rents and giue entertainement to Clergy men and Priests which did the seruice but aboue all hee labored to liue in peace with Christian Princes The Infant Charles beeing come into Nauarre about the beginning of the warre betwixt Castile and Portugal the King Don Iohn demaunded some supplies of souldiars out of Nauarre to lead with him wherevnto the King of Nauarre consented willingly remembring the good Offices hee had done with the French for his sonnes liberty whom hee sent well accompanied to this warre beeing vnable to goe in person by reason of his indisposition The Infant made some stay with his wife Donna Leonora who was in Castile and then passing on hee came to the King beeing incamped before Lisbone where hee staied not long the King Don Iohn beeing forced to raise the seege by reason of the plague which ruined his armie and returne into Castile as wee haue said dismissing the Infant his brother in law with all loue and content The yeere 1385. beeing come Portugal Affaires of the King of Castile succeed well in Portugal the King D. Iohn preparing to returne into Portugall hauing alreadie sent some ships and gallies against Lisbone hee had newes that the souldiars which hee had left in Saint Iren had defeated some troupes of Portugal whose leaders were the maister of the Knights of Christus and the Prior of Saint Iohn by reason of which victorie many places within the Realme had planted the Standard of Castile
Narbona to saue himselfe in Montreal he tooke Sauluri and the castle with the towne of Eglise and laied seege to Oristagno the chiefe fort of Brancaleon of Oria and of the Sardinians rebelled but the King being surprized with sicknesse in this fortunat victory hee caused himselfe to be carried to Caillery where he died to the great griefe of all the Sicilians and Arragonois Death of Don Martin King of Sicile and extreame sorrow of the King of Arragon his father who liued not long after him By his death without any lawfull children the realme of Sicile fell to the King of Arragon and was for euer after vnited to that crowne Blanche of Nauarre the widow Queene remained Regent of the Island by the will of the King her husband confirmed by her father in law A base sonne of his called D. Frederic had for his portion the Earledome of Luna At that time there grew great troubles in Arragon whereof D. Iames Earle of Vrgel was the chiefe author a turbulent Prince who made no difficulty to challenge the crowne euen in the life time of the King Don Martin and for that it was a tickle point and did not succeed well he aspired to the ordinary Regency which was a dignity wherewith the eldest sonnes of Arragon and the presumptiue heires were wont to bee honoured the which hee obtained and was moreouer made Constable but vnderhand the King gaue order that he should not be receiued in his Regency and caused an appeale to be made by the factions of Vrrea Heredia and other before the Iustice Major of Arragon This was in the yeere 1409. when as the King desirous to see if he might haue a child to succeed him in his great Estates Marriage of D. Martin King of Arragon Donna Ioane of Pradez married with Donna Ioane of Prades or Marguerite as some write a faire young virgin of the bloud royall the which hastened his end and in the meane time hee was much sollicited by Lewis duke of Aniou who had married Donna Violant daughter to D. Iohn King of Arragon and by the Duke of Pegnafiel borne of Donna Leonora of Arragon daughter to the King Don Pedro and sister to this King D. Martin that he would declare his successor the which he refused to doe at their requests but tired with their importunities he was ready to name by his testament for heire of the realmes of Arragon Sicile and other lands Don Frederic de Luna bastaâ—â— to his deceased sonne This King being thus distracted with passions in his age 〈◊〉 faires of Sicile and Sardynia were more troubled then before In the yeere 1410. beganne the warre in Castile against the Moores Castille the truce beeing expired and the Moores army hauing surprised Zahara with great slaughter of the inhabitants and souldiars and great spoile of them that remained That Infant Don Fernand comming for this occasion to Cordoua hee caused the ruines of Zahara to bee repaired and went to beseege Antequera hauing in his army tenne thousand foote and three thousand fiue hundred horse Neere vnto the towne were two hils the approches whereof beeing kept the army might bee safe from all attempts of the Moores who were in field with fiue thousand horse and 80000. foote led by Cidi Ali and Cidi Amet brethren to Ioseph King of Granado These passages were garded the lower part of the hill with sixe hundred Launces and two thousand foote vnder the commaund of Don Sancho of Rojas Bishop of Palença Don Diego Fernandes of Quignones Gouernor of the Asturia's D. Aluar Peres of Guzman and Don Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça And at the other hill of harder accesse being higher and easier to bee kept there were set foure hundred Launces and one thousand foote commanded by Don Martin Vasques D. Fernand Peres of Ayala Gouernor of Guipuscoa D. Raymond of Guzman and Iohn of Soto Major great commander of Alcantara The Duke of Pegnafiel had causâ—â—many ladders to bee brought from Seuile with other Engines of warre to assaile townes The Moores beeing desirous for to raise the seege from before Antequera came to assaile the Bishop of Palença and his troupes in this passage of strength from whence they were not onely repulst but the skirmish growing very hot in the end beyond the Moores expectation there was a great incounter the Bishoppe beeing fortefied with new bands which came from the campe so as the Moores fighting without order and rather hindered then fauoured by their numbers of rascally footemen they were forced to turne their backes with great losse for authors write that there were aboue fifteene thousand of them slaine vpon the field and onely twelue hundred Christians After this victory the seege was continued and the place battred by all meanes the which in like manner was valiantly defended where as the Christians lost more in the sallies of the beseeged then they had done in the battaile There died Martin Ruis of Aben Dagno Defeat of Christians neere to Montexicar of a poisoned arrow On the other side three hundred christians horsemen going out of their garison of Iaen were incountred and cut in peeces by the Moores about Montexicar But the Moores garrison of Archidona within two leagues of Antiquera were happely defeated by the Christians that were at the seege for they did much annoy them by their continuall courses and cutting off their victualers and forâ—agers that came to the campe The riuer of Gorza was their common watring place whether they could not go without a gard The Christians being aduertised of an enterprise made vpon their men hauing set a sentinell vpon an high eminent place called the rocke of two Louers they found themselues so strong when as the Moores came to charge them as they repulst them and pursued them beating and killing euen vnto the gates of their forâ— there were two thousand slaine vpon the field and many carried away prisoners The rocke of two Louers was so called from the deed of a Christian slaue Rocke of two Louers and his Maisters daughter being a Moore whom he had perswaded to flie with him from Granado to enioy their desired loues and to liue freely together in Castile they being pursued by her father who was well accompanied and ouertaken vpon this rocke which is midde-way betwixt Archidona and Antiquera after that they had long defended themselues against them that would take them and seeing no meanes to escape they cast themselues downe head-long from the top of the rocke imbrasing one an other and so slue themselues To diuert the seege of Antiquera the Moores sent some to burne the Engines of battery that were before it with wilde fire vnder collour of treating of a truce The treason being descouered and punished the Infant caused a trench to be cast and a rampar to be made round about the place setting good gards and then he pursued the seege hauing fortefied his army with the companies of Seuile and Cordoua
was giuen to the Infant Don Iohn by king Charles in dowry with D. Blanche his daughter foure hundred twenty thousand a hundred and twelue florens of gold of the coyne of Arragon sixe solz and eight deniers a notable summe for a King of Nauarre an argument of the great tresure which hee had gathered together during the long peace of his raigne It was also agreed that the lands and forts which the Infant did hold in Castile and Arragon shold descend to the heire which shold be borne of that marriage succeeding to the Crowne of Nauarre The Infant did enioy in Arragon the Dutchies of Gandia and Momblanc Possessions D. Iohn Infant of Arragon the Earledome of Ribagorça and the towne of Balaguer and in Castile the Dutchie of Pegnafiel Infantazgo and the Segneurie of Lara and moreouer the townes of Cuellar Castro-Xeris Villalon and Haro afterwards he obtayned Alba de Tormes Olmedo Paredes of Naua Majorga Villerado Cerezo Medina del campo Aranda of Duego Roa Colmenar and other places all which he afterwards lost by the wars he had against Castile the titles and pattents whereof are remayning in the records of Nauarre These articles of marriage were sworne by the three Estates of the Realme And it was long disputed betwixt the Infant Don Iohn and the king of Castiles councell where this marriage should be celebrated In the end he got fortie dayes libertie to go and perform it in Nauarre whither he went accompained with many of the Nobility of Castile From hencefoorth D. Iohn will entitle himselfe Infant of Nauarre and Arragon The marriage beeing ended returning with his wife D. Blanche towards Castile hee met with a messenger from Don Sancho of Rojas Archbishop of Toledo who aduertised him of a great excesse committed by his brother Don Henry Master of Saint Iames solliciting him to returne with all speed to court and thus it was Don Henry the third sonne to the deceased Don Fernand king of Arragon desired to marrie Donna Catherine king Iohns youngest sister Castile who had the Marquisate of Villena for her dowrie but fearing that he should neuer obtaine her by any due course he resolued to haue her by force so as beeing rash and exceeding bold he entred on a time into Toledo with three hundred armed men where he seized on the kings person wherein he was assisted and fauoured by Don Ruy Lopes of Aualos the Constable and D. Pedro Manriques They tooke Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça Lord Steward of the king house and others who were opposite vnto them and holding the King as it were a prisoner they caused many of his houshold seruants and Officers to be chased away aboue all they desired to displace D. Aluaro de Luna kinsman to the deceased Archbishop of Toledo who of a page of the chamber was come to be the kings great minion But D. Henry held it now the best to winne him by mildnesse and bountie that hee might make vse of him in that which he pretended The Infanta Donna Catherina to whom this marriage with Don Henry was not pleasing entred into the Monasterie of Saint Claire in that cittie from whence she was afterwards taken for that Don Henry led the King to Segouia and then to Auila promising not to vse any force concerning the marriage Don Iohn Infant of Nauar and Arragon hearing of these newes he much blamed the attempt of Don Henry his brother and resolued to oppose himselfe against him wherefore he called all his friends to Olmedo and such Noblemen and Knights as disliked of his excesse so as in few daies hee assembled three thousand Lances the Infant D. Henry preparing also for the warre hee was in a manner equall in strength to his aduersaries beeing in the towne of Auila whether hee had led the King The factious being ready to enter into a furious warre D. Leonora the widdow Queene of Arragon and mother to these two Princes laboured so betwixt them as all these troups retyred except a thousand Lances which remayned for the Kings gard then comming to the treaty of marriage the Infanta D. Catherina being instantly intreated by the King her brother who was not free to take D. Henry for her husband she would by noe meanes harken to it D. Henry being the stronger about the King thinking that D. Iohn was opposite to his dessines he kept him from the king not respecting him nor them that followed him Estates sorcea he called an assembly of his partizans in forme of a Parlament where he caused the fact of Tordesillas to be allowed and ordained what he pleased yea he caused letters to be written in the Kings name to the Pope by the which hee intreated him to giue vnto the Infant D. Henry the Lands of the Maistershippe of Saint Iames in â—ee simple to him and his children for euer with the title of a Dutchy an impudent demand and so reiected by the Pope The King married with D. Maria of Arragon Demanâ— of D. Henry mâ—â—t impudent in Auila without feasts or ceremony and then they led him to Talauera and the Infant D. Henry neuer ceassed vntill he had celebrated his marriage with D. Catherina his Cousin Germaine causing the Marquisate of Villena to be assigned for her dowry with the title of Dutchy who was the third Duke of Castile and the question being of marriages Marriage forced betwixt D. Henry and D. Catherine of Castille where they doe vsually shew them-selues bountifull Aluar de Luna the Kings Minnion had in guift the towne of Saint Stephen of Gormas and other Knights were aduanced to other lands as it pleased D. Henry The King being much discontented with his restrayned Estate hee conferred often with Aluar de Luna of the meanes how hee might escape but there appeared great difficulties on euery side for the confederats which held him watcht carrefully ouer him notwithstanding going one day abroad vnder collour of hunting King escapes out of D Henries hands he aduentured to runne to Villalua and finding himselfe not safe there he past to Montalban which is betwixt Talauera and Toledo some-what out of the way whereof the Infant D. Henry being aduertised who had newly fynished his marriage he was wonderfully troubled in mynde drawing what forces he could to field and then the Constable and he followed the King but in vaine for he was in a place of safety who sent some to aduise them that they should not follow him but returne to Talauera which the Infant D. Henry did but the troupes which were in the poursute stayed not vntill they had some newes and came and lodged about the Castle of Montalban yet they attempted not any thing for the reuerence they bare vnto the King who seeing him-selfe as it were beseeged and without victualls in the place he had means to aduertise the Infant D. Iohn D. Sancho of Roias Archbishoppe of Toledo the Admirall D. Alphonso Henriques and other Knights intreating them to
Hercules Whilest that these things past in Spaine in the yeare 1436. Nauarre 1436. the Kings of Arragon and Nauarre were deepely ingaged in the warre of Naples whither the Dutchesse Izabell of Lorraine wife to Rene of Anjou a prisoner was come and with the helpe of Pope Eugenius defended her husbands right couragiously The two breethren kings beeing aduertised of the affaires of Spaine by their friends and seruants they resolued to send a ioynt ambassage to the king of Castile to treat a peace with him vppon some good conditions The ambassadors found the Court at Toledo where hauing deliuered their charge vnto the king it pleased God that after many conferences and debates a peace was concluded vpon a promise of marriage betwixt D. Blanche Infanta of Nauarre and Don Henry of Castile Prince of the Asturia's with these conditions That the solemnization of this marriage should bee accomplished within the limite of a certaine time betwixt Henry heire of the Realmes of Castile and Donna Blanche eldest daughter to D. Iohn king of Nauarre Conditions of peace betwixt Castile Nauar and Arâ—agon to whom should be assigned the Marquisat of Villena the townes of Medina del campo Olmedo Coca Roa and Aranda the reuenues of which lands D. Iohn King of Nauarre should receiue the foure next following yeares That if there were no children borne of this marriage the king of Nauarre should haue ten thousand florins of gold of yearely rent assigned vpon the reuenues of Castile That to D. Blanche Queene of Nauarre and to her sonne D. Charles should in like manner be giuen an assignation of ten thousand florens of gold yearely during their liues That all knights should be pardoned which during the warres and fore-passed quarrels had followed either partie and they restored to their goods and dignities except on the part of Castile D. Iohn of Soto-major who had beene Master of Alcantara and the Earle of Castro Xeris and on the behalfe of Nauar D. Godfrey of Nauar Earle of Cortes Item that to the Infant D. Henry brother to the kings of Arragon and Nauar should be assigned 5000. florens of gold of yearely hereditarie rent and to the Infanta D. Catherina his wife should be giuen 50000. florens of gold in ready mony for her dowrie These articles beeing accorded a peace was proclaimed in the Realmes of Castile Arragon and Nauar and D. Pedro of Acugna son to Lopes Basques of Acugna Lord of Buendia was sent to Azagna with sufficient authority to make the first promise in the name of Prince Henry and it was concluded the sollemne betrothing should be at Alfaro whether came at the time assigned the Prince D. Henry accompanied by D. Aluaro de Luna constable of Castile and many other Noblemen Knights and Prelates who arriuing two dayes before the Infanta being aduertised that she was at Corella he went to meete her with all his traine The Queen of Nauarre mother to the Infanta Prince Charles her brother the Bishop of Pampelone with many other Prelates Peter of Peralta Lord Steward of the kings house Leon of Garro and other knights many Ladies and Gentlewomen of Nauarre attended her all in equipage worthy of such a solemnitie the which was celebrated in Alfaro in the yeare 1437. D. Pedro of Castile Bishop of Osma stipulating and receiuing the promises either of them being but 12. yeares old The Prince D. Henry gaue many goodly and rich Iewels to the Infanta and vsed the like bountie to the Ladies and Knights of her traine Then hauing spent foure dayes at Alfaro in great feasting and ioy the parties separated themselues euery one retiring into his country By this peace there was also restored vnto the king of Nauar the town castle of la Garde and the castles of Asaturuguen and Burandon and towards Guipuscoa there were yeelded the castles and places of Gorriti Cobono Toro Araciel and Saragana which the Guipuscoans had taken during the wars Moreouer the towne of Briones was yeelded to the king of Nauar touching the Seigneurie and the reuenue but the Soueraignty remayned to the king of Castile This peace was promised and sworne vpon a penalty of 300000. florens of gold payable by him that should breake it and it was confirmed by the chiefe officers of either realme both clergy and secular and by the deputies of the chiefe townes For Nauar there signed D. Martin of Peralta bishop of Pampelona the archb of Tyre the Queens confessor the Prior of S. Iohn the Deane of Tudele clergy-men D. Lewis of Beaumont Tristan Lord of Luçe Peter of Peralta Lord Steward Philip Marshall of Nauar Vicont of Ro with other knights moreouer the deputies of the cities of Pampelona Estella and Tudela and of the towns of Sanguesse Olite Arcos Biane S. Vincent and others For Castile besides the great officers of court there did sweare all the Noblemen of the fronter of Guipuscoa Rioja and others yea they of the families of Lazcano Berastequi and Amezqueta and these accords were written by Bartholomew of Renes Secretarie to D. Iohn King of Nauar and of Queen Blanche his wife and by Alphonso Peres of Biuera high Treasurer and Secretary to the king of Castile This ioy was crost according to the custom of humane things with great griefe in the court of Castile Imprisonment of D. Pedro Manrique the king hauing caused D. Pedro Manrique Gouernour of Leon to bee committed to prison where at euery man did shew himselfe discontented so as the king caused 2000. lances to come for his gard which remayned continually about the court He sent the prisoner to the castle of Fuente Duegna commanding that hee should haue the liberty of the prison that somtimes they should suffer him to go on hunting which liberty was procured by the Admirall of Castile who was discontented for his detention This yeare which was 1438. there were brought vnto the King stones 1438. which they said Stones fallen from heauen very light were fallen from heauen in great abondance at Maderuelo a house belonging to the Constable very light the which although they were reasonably big yet were they so light as they did not hurt any one they fell vpon a strange thing and which was held prodigious The Articles of the peace being brought into Italy were allowed and confirmed by King Don Alphonso in the presence of Doctor Ferdinand Lopes of Burgos one of the Kings Councell The warre of Granado was managed with variable successe Granado many Knights among the Moores disliking the gouernment of King Mahumet reuolted taking the party of Castile of the which one Aben Amar was Captaine who soone after went with his men to the King of Tunes with leaue from the King of Castile hauing receiued both pay and presents from him and moreouer 6000. pounds starling for the charge of their voyage Don â—nigo Lopes of Mendoça Gouernor of the Fronter Lord of Hyta and Buyttago who was afterwards
practises the King said that he pardoned him with all his heart and prayed God to pardon him likewise and he enquired further of him who those were which sought his life and which did set him a worke he entreated the King to send away them that stood by and then in great secrecy he told their names which could neuer after be knowne for the King neuer told it to any man liuing the next day after Iohn Carillo died of his hurts The King being at Simancas his great and mighty army stretched it selfe euen to the gates of Valiadolit where the confederats did remaine neuerthelesse the affaires were drawne out at length without any matter of note Thither came the Queene Donna Ioane with the Infant Donna Isabella who were returned from Portugall where they had obtained nothing at all for the good of Castile for notwithstanding that they had endeauored for to renew the treatie of marriage mentioned at the enterview of the-Kings at the Archbishops bridge neuerthelesse the King Don Alphonso did abhorre to marry his sonne to Donna Ioane whoe was begotten in adultery of the Queene of Castile his cosin by the Duke of Albuquerque Don Bertrand dela Cueua These things standing at a stay the King and the Marquis of Villena did see one an other and by the aduice of Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoça Marquis of Santillana and of Don Aluaro of Estuniga chiefe Iustice of Castile called and chosen on both parts it was concluded that euery man should lay by his armes and returne to his owne house and that during the truce which should continue for the space of some fiue monthes following they should treate of a peace and of the meanes how to giue content to all men but chiefely to cause the Prince Don Alphonso to renounce his royalty This was proclaimed through the campe neere to Montejo in the territory of Areualo signed and sealed by the King the Archbishop of Toledo The King knowes not how to profit himselfe by his great forces and the Marquis of Villena and vnderneath by the secretrary Garcia de Arcareso de Montdragon The King had small reason to yeeld to these things hauing an army of a hundred thousand fighting men whereas his enemies were very weake in respect of him and vnprouided of money victuals munition and other things necessary for such an enterprise but God would haue it so The King being come backe to Simancas dismissed his souldiars with liberall payment then at Medina del Campo whether hee came soone after he recompenced the Lords after this manner He gaue to D. Peco Gonçales de Mendoça Bishop of Calaorra the thirds of Guadalajara with the reuenue thereof to his brother D. Diego Hurtado de Mendoça Marquis of Santillana he gaue the towne of Saint Andrew Recompences made by the King to the Lords that followed him ioyning to the lands of his Marquisat with a yeerely pention of seuen hundred thousand Marauedis to the other brother D. Inigo de Mendoça and to Don Lorenzo de Suares Vicont of Torreja and to D. Iohu Hurâ—ado de Mendoça pensions according to their degrees to D. Lewis de la Cerde Earle of Medina Celi the City of Agreda with the territory to D. Garci Aluares de Toledo Earle of Alua Carpia with sundry places nere to Salamanca to D. Aluar Peres Osorio Lord of Villalobos and Earle of Transtamara the City of Astorga with the title of Marquis to D. Iohn de Acugna Earle of Valencia the Earldome of Prauia and Gijon with the title of Duke of Valencia to D. Pedro de Mendoça Lord of Almaçan a yeerely pention of 300000. Marauedis assigned him on the hill of Mountagu to D. Aluaro de Mendoça captaine of his men at armes the City of Requegna with the reuenue and proffit of the port and hauen thereof Other guifts and recompences did the King make to his Knights the which or at least the most part of them haue euer since remained in their families The end of the twentith Booke SEMPER EADEM THE ONE AND TVVENtith Booke of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1 COntinuance of the troubles in Castile 2 The vnworthy marriage of the Infanta Donna Isabella Agreed vpon by her brother King Henry and hindred by the sodaine and vnlooked for death of Don Pedro Giron 3 Societies of Castile vnion of the Prouinces and communalties holding together for the administration of iustice 4 Assembly at Madrid tumult in the same towne Behauiour of those of Mendoça The Marquis of Villena promoted to the Maistership of Saint Iames. Battaile of Olmedo 5 The Pope vseth all dilligence to procure the peace of Castile Censures the rebells appeale to a future Counsell The taking of Segobia The King D. Henry forsaken 6 Agreement betwixt the King and the confederate Lords Euil behauiour of Donna Ioane Queene of Castile 7 Strife for the Bishoprike of Siguença Murthers at Burgos 8 Seditions in Toledo magnanimity and equity of the Infant Don Alphonso chosen King 9 D. Alphonso de Primentel Earle of Benauent enterpriseth against his father in law Don Iohn de Pacheco Marquis of Villena 10 Practises of those of Toledo against the Infant Don Alphonso in the behalfe of King Henry Rashnesse of the Bishop of Badajos and of Donna Maria de Silua and of that which happened 11 Death of the Infant D. Alphonso wisedome of the Infanta Donna Isabella Peace betwixt the King and the confederate Lords 12 Infamous life of Donna Ioane Queene of Castile the Lords of Mendoça practice against the peace the Infanta Donna Isabella declared Princesse of the Asturis and presumptiue heire of Castile 13 Continuance of the warres of Barcelona Renee of Aniou chosen King of Arragon by the Barcelonois Exploits of the French in Cattalonia death of the Duke of Calabria 14 Gaston Earle of Foix desirous to reigne before his time stirreth vp troubles in the Kingdome of Nauarre 15 Queene Ioane of Arragon dies and confesseth her fault 16 Gaston of Foix the younger dies at Liborna Beginning and continuance of the house of Foix. 17 Couenants betwixt King Iohn of Arragon and his daughter the Countesse of Foix heire of Nauarre 18 Assembly at Ocagna New deseignes of King Henry of Castile 19 The King of Castiles iourney into Andaluzia 20 Marriage betwixt the Infanta Donna Isabella and the Prince D. Fernand heire of Arragon Sicill Naples c. Articles and couenants of the same 21 A rash act of D. Alphonso de Aguilar against the Lords of Cabra The taking of Simancas with other outrages 22 Spanish superstitions 23 Practices pursutes and quarrels betwixt the Lords of Castile Alua erected into a Dutchy 24 Muley Alboacen King of Granado whose posterity remaineth in Spaine till this day 25 Treaty of Marriage betwixt King Henry of Castiles supposed daughter and the Duke of Guyenne brother to the French King Lewis the eleuenth Lands of Infantasgo giuen to the house of Mendoça 26 Donna Isabella Princesse of Castile disinherited King
gouernement whereof was giuen and made ouer to his Steward Andrew de Cabrera one newly come into Castile and borne at Barcelona sonne to Iohn Fernandes and Grand child to Andrew de Cabrera Neuerthelesse for that time hee commaunded no where but in the towne for the fort remayned in the power of the Master of Saint Iames and because the plague was very hotte within the Cittie of Segouia the King nor the Master would not come into the towne but retired and went backe to Casa Rubias whither came Don Lewis of Mendoza with a procuration from Queene Ioane as Protectresse of her daughter in whose name hee protested that the oath made to the Princesse Izabella was of no force nor efficacie and appealed to the Pope from the dispensations made by the Legate but small account was made thereof Now did the Master of Saint Iames consider with himselfe that the discontentment of the Marquis of Santillana and the other Lords of the house of Mendoza with Pedro de l'clasco might produce and bring foorth some bad effects Hee who seemed to bee borne to commaund tooke in hand to appease and qualifie them and did inuite them to meere at Villarejo belonging to the Order of Saint Iames there to consult and determine about the affaires of State with the Kings Commissioners Thither came Don Pero Gâ—â—çales of Mendoza New treaties of marriages â—se a foot by the Master of S. Iames. Bishoppe of Siguença and Don Pedro Velasco on the one side and the Arch-bishoppe of Seuille the Master of Saint Iames and the Earle of Plaisance on the other They did conclude that the Princesse Izabella should marrie with Alphonso King of Portugall who was a widdower and Donna Ioane with his eldest sonne called Don Iohn heire to the Kingdome and her cousin-germaine with condition that if the Princesse Izabella by this marriage should haue no children that then the issue of Donna Ioane should succeed in the Kingdome of Castile for the conclusion and confirmation of which marriages there should be an enterview of the King and Queene of Castile and the King of Portugall This agreement did not please the Ladies for the Princesse Izabella had no desire to marrie with a widower and the Queen feared that vnder color of this meeting she shold be cast off and sent home to Portugall according to the treatie at la Venta du Tor de Guisando wherefore both of them resisted this determination with all their power by reason wherof the Lords of Mendoza and Velasco were very angry with the Queene and her daughter The Master of S. Iames sollicited K. Henry to send Ambassadors into Portugal to request the king to meet thinking by his coming to win the Princesse to condiscend thereunto And not long after the bishop of Siguença and Don Pedro de Velasco beeing with the king perswaded him notwithstanding the Queenes obstinacy vnder-hand to fauour D. Ioane not acquainting the Arch-bishop of Scuill nor the Princesse Izabella therewith These businesses beeing managed with such inconstancie there arriued daily messengers at Court who complayned for that the King had caused this new oath to be made to his sister which most men thought to be a beginning of greater troubles than before and also because that diuers other great Lords of the Kingdome were not called to determine vppon a matter of so great consequence And indeed all those which were discontented therewith did ioyne themselues in league with the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo who thought himselfe to bee ill dealt with for that he had not the Princesse Izabellain his keeping as in time before In the meane time disorders were still committed in diuers Prouinces especially in Andalusia where this yeare Don Iohn de Guzman Duke of Medina Sidonia and Earle of Niebla dyed in whose goods lands and dignityes Don Henry de Guzman his bastard-sonne succeeded It hapned at the same time neere to Toledo that as an husband-man of the countrie called Pero Moro did reape a corne-field at the very first stroake which hee gaue with his sickle great quantitie of bloud issued foorth of the stalkes the which his sons perceyuing who were at worke in the same field came running vnto him thinking that he had hurt himselfe but seeing he had no harme they returned to their labour and cut downe the corne in the same place where their father wrought and at euery stroake they fetched great store of bloud issued which they signified to the Lord of the place who caused it to be recorded for a strange prodigie Whilest the affaires of Castile stood vppon these tearmes King Iohn of Arragon being ridde of his enemie Don Pedro of Portugall Arragon and Nauarre did labour by all meanes after the taking of Tortosa to reduce the Barcelonois to their duties but they like obstinat enemies to their Prince would not hearken thereunto Great were the alterations which they had among themselues after the death of this Portugois Some were of opinion to bring their state into the forme of a Common-wealth like Genoa Venice and other places of Italy and others councelled to returne to the obedience of King Iohn Each of these opinions being reiected they elected for their King Reneé of Aniou Duke of Lorraine and Earle of Prouence Renee Aniou made king of Arragon a Prince of the royall bloud of France who beeing alreadie old and decrepite yet neuerthelesse desirous of the title of King did accept the offer and hauing with the consent of King Lewis the eleuenth leauied souldiers in France sent his sonne Iohn Duke of Calabria or Lorrayne into Spaine who at Manreça ioyned with the Cattelans and hauing drawne diuers of the County of Rossillon to his deuotion he went and beseeged Girona where Peter of Rocabertin was Gouernour who foorthwith aduertised King Iohn thereof who by reason of his indisposition and blindnes could not come thither in person to ayde them but sent his son Prince Fernand accompanied with diuers Lords and Knights vnto whom aboue all other things hee recommended the Princes person beeing on his way from Tortosa towards Girona Queene Ioane his mother who loued him dearely followed him the next day after vpon the newes of the Princes comming the Duke of Calabria raysed his seege and retired himselfe to Denjat from whence he went to Barcelona and then returned with succors in great secrecie and no lesse danger The Prince D. Fernand desirous to looke vppon the enemie being come neere to the place and prouoking the French-men to battell they being fortifyed with a great number of men at armes which K. Lewis had sent them vnder the conduct of the Earle of Armignac The Arragonois defeated by the French came forth into the fields and fought and vanquished the Arragonois the Prince Don Fernand narrowly escaping from beeing taken who had good meanes offered to saue himselfe thorough the indeauours of Rodrigo of Rebolledo who was taken in his stead and brought to Barcelona and afterwards redeemed for tenne
kill the Earle his father with whom he was offended the child being in no fault at all for he knew not what drugge it was wherefore at his death hee left behind him no lawfull children but diuers bastards as Iobbain who was one of those which were burnt at the Mummery of King Charles the sixt at the banquet of Saint Marceau and Gratian and possibly that Bernard of Foix who was maried into Spaine to Lady Isabel de la Cerde a Princesse of the blood royall of Castile the stem of the house of the Dukes of Medina Celi if he were not sonne to Gaston the second this mans predecessor Then the succession of the Earldome of Foix and Lordship of Bearne fel to Mathew of Castelbon aboue-named who had no children by his wife Ioane daughter to the King of Arragon wherefore his sister Isabell inherited his Lordships who was wife to Archambald de Grailtry Captau de Buch from which mariage issued Iohn the elder the sisteene Earle of Foix Gaston Capdau de Buch from whom descended the Lords of Capdolat and Candale Archambald Lord of Nouailles Peter a friar of Motlas since Bishop of Lescar in the end Cardinall and founder of the Colledge of Foix at Tholousa and Mathew Earle of Comminges Iohn the fifteenth Earle of Foix as hath beene said and first of that name had to his first wife Mary of Nauarre who dying without children he married Ioane de Albret of whom was borne Gaston his successor in the Earledome of Foix and Lordship of Bearne The house of Foix hath beene much ennobled by the deeds of this man for during the wars betwixt the French and the English in the daies of Charles the seuenth this Earle Gaston was he that made proofe of his valor against the English armies which held the Dutchy of Guyenne where he twice tooke Saint Seuer chiefe of Gascony and won Dax by force of armes with great slaughter of Englishmen who did valiantly defend those places he did succor Tartax beseeged seuen monthes by the goueâ—nor of Bourdeaux He restored his vncle Mathew into the Viscounty of Comminges being dispossest by the French King who had installed a Spaniard therein called Roderigo de Villandrada Earle of Ribadeo where he ouerthrew the castle of Rocheford he made means for the liberty of the Earl of Armagnac who was in prison for hauing intelligence with the English and caused his goods and lands to be restored to him Being afterwards made Gouernor of Guyenne by King Charles he made such cruell warre vpon the English as in short time he in a manner dispossest them of all there forces in the same Prouince so as Burdeaux the chiefe city and seat of the warre was constrained to yeeld to the French King in the yeere 1451. and soone after the city of Bayonne so as the English were wholy excluded out of all Guyenne Afterward when the city of Bourdeaux rebelled against the Earle of Clermont Iohn of Bourbon the English being recalled by them albeit they had possest themselues of diuers places were by the valor good conduct chiefly of the Earle Gaston beaten back and repulst Cadillac being the last place that hee tooke from them In all which warres hee was faithfully and dilligently accompanied and aided by his brother Peter de Foix Viscount of Lautier the original of the renouned house of Lautrec faither to Iohn de Lautrec Posthumus from whom did spring Odet de Foix he that was the famous captaine in the warres of Lombardy and Naples Andre de Asperaut and Thomas called L'Escut Henry de Lautrec was sonne to Odet Charles the seuenth did so greatly fauor the Earle Gaston de Foix as he gaue in marriage to his eldest sonne called Gaston like him his daughter Magdalen At the arrainement of the Duke of Alançon at Vandosme by King Lewis the eleuenth he supplied the place of the Earle of Thoiousa in the ranke of the Peers of France the which preeminence hath remained vpon such occasions in the house of Foix the Lordships whereof were by him encreased with the Vicounty of Narbona and with the lands of Capdolat other purchases and in the end with the crowne of Nauarre by his marriage with Donna Leonora of Arragon daughter to King Iohn of whom we now treat of this man issued the posterity which followes Gaston who should haue succeeded him who as we haue said died at Liborne at the tilting which was made at the comming of Charles Duke of Guyenne brother to King Lewis the eleuenth left heires behind him Francis Phoebus and Catherine his children then Iohn Lord of Narbone from whom issued Gaston Viscount of Narbone and since Duke of Nemours who won the battaâ—le of Rauenna where neuerthelesse he died Gencalogie of Nauarre and Germain second wife to Fernand King of Spaine of Gaston and Elenor were borne the third sonne named Peter who was Cardinall and the fourth Iames a valiant Knight who died in the seruice of King Lewis the eleuenth more fiue daughters Mary wife to William Marquis of Montferrat Ioane wife to the Earle of Armagnac Marquâ—ritâ— wife to Frances Duke of Brittaine mother to Queene Anne of France Catherine married to the Earle of Candale who had three children the eldest of whom was Earle of Candall men an Archbishop of Bourdeaux and a daughter called Anne married to the King of Hungary the fifth daughter of Gaston and Elenor was called Elenor who died vnmarried Now let vs returne to the controuersie betweene Gaston de Foix father to these and his father in law King Iohn Couenants betwixt King Iohn and D. Lâ—onora his daughter Hee following the good aduice of his friends and seruants and hauing acquainted the King with his intent by message the King and D. Leonors his daughter met at a day appointed at Olita Gaston being absent in France where they agreed vpon these Articles following First that the townes cities communalties of Nauarre nobility and others of what Estate and condition soeuer should without contradiction acknowledge and obey King Iohn as their King during his life That the Earle Gaston and the Princesse his wife should promise to maintaine the priuiledges lawes and liberties of the Kingdome as they had beene in times past That the three Estates should take the oth of alleageance and doe homage to the Princes the husband and wife and acknowledge them for their naturall King and Queene after the decease of king Iohn notwithstanding any other act to the contrary that the married couple should irreuocably be perpeturall gouernors of the Kingdome during the Kings life their gouernment onely to cease when the King in person should bee in the Realme That neither the King nor the married Princes should ingage the Kingdome in whole nor in part That the three Estates should endeauor that the King and the Princes should accomplish and keepe all that had beene concluded and oppose against them that should infring them The same promise should be made and
Earle with Martin Alphonso de Cabra Lord of the house of Montemajor was sent before to shut in those of the towne with the forces which he had in Baena then their followed him with foure thousand horse and other forces the Maister of Calatraua the Earle of Buendia and other Knights the King with the rest of the forces came after and the Queene with the whole Court came to Baena Those that went first with the Earle of Cabra beeing arriued on a morning neere to Moclin fell vnawares vpon the King of Granadoes army which was come to Moclin consisting of twenty thousand Moores as well horse as foote who neuerthelesse began to flie as soone as they did see the Christians whom they thought to bee farre more in number then they were but hauing better viewed them they returned and charged them so brauely as they disordered and put them to flight diuers were there slaine and taken The Christians defeated at Moclin the Earle escaped being hurt in the hand with a Harquebuze shot his horse hauing receiued foure wounds with a launce his brother D. Gonçall de Cordoua was slaine the Moores following the chase were staied and constrained to turne their backes by the troupes of the Maister of Calatraua and the Earle of Buendia This newes did greatly displease the Kings who altering their determination left Moclin and turned their forces against Cambill and Alhabar very strong places on the confines of Iaen and within three leagues of the city alwaies well kept and defended by the Kings of Granado The Marquis of Cales with the vantgard did approach neere vnto their forts whether the Artillery was brought with great difficulty and the battery made with all dilligence but they yeelded forthwith and the Moores which were within it were sent away free with their goods into Granado the Queene gaue these two forts to the city of Iaen where the King with the Maister of Saint Iames did determine to strengthen Alhama with foure thousand horse and fiue thousand foot which were appointed for the same purpose The Treasorer of Calatraua beeing gouernor of Alhama was sollicited by a Moore of the garrison of Salea to come thither with his forces and hee did assure him that he would finde meanes to cause him to enter into it the Treasorer hauing first of all well examined the Moore and being assured that he ment no deceite went on a night to Salea where the traitors brother did let downe a rope from the walles and helped to erect the scaling ladders by which the Christians mounted who after a dangerous fight made themselues Maisters of the place the Inhabitants whereof were all made slaues Pope Innocent the eight being daylie aduertized of these goodly victories graunted this yeere to the Kings to raise greater subsidies vpon the Clergy the which were moderated by the Cardinall of Spaine to one hundred thousand golden florins of the coine of Arragon About the end of the yeere the Court leauing Andaluzia came to Alcala de Henares Birth of the Infanta Catherine where Queene Isabell was brought in bed of a daughter named Catherin who was wife to Arthur Prince of Wales heire to the crowne of England and afterward married to his brother King Henry the eight of that name In Alcala which was a place belonging to the Archbishop of Toledo the Alcaides and Prouosts of the Court executing their offices were hindered by the Cardinall who was Archbishop of Toledo Contention betwixt the Archâ—â—shop of Toledo and the Queene who made greeuous complaints to the Queene how her Officers did vsurpe vpon his authority the Queene told him that shee being Soueraigne in Castile and in all other her realmes might execute iustice in any place The matter being debated on both sides it was referred to the compromise and iudgment of fiue persons of the counsell whom the Queene would name and to fiue Channons of the Chapter of Toledo for the Cardinall but the other affaires of Court the short staye thereof at Alcala with other hinderances did end this strife the which remained vndecided Then were the Iudges of the Court discharged of part of the Processes which did abound in all places where the King and Queene went the which were turned ouer to the Chancery at Valiodolit where Don Alphonso de Fonseca Archbishop of Saint Iames was made President with eight Doctors for his Councell During all these warres and businesse Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman of whom wee haue often spoken heretofore had remained in Portugall greatly honoured by King Iohn Hee vnderstanding of the Admirall of Castils death his ancient enemy procured his friends to obtaine his pardon of King Ferdinand and Queene Isabell but beeing aduertised that the matter was now harder to bee effected then before by reason that Don Frederick sonne to the deceased Admirall who had begunne the quarrell was made Admirall in his Fathers place and highly fauoured hee desperately resolued to kill him and to effect his purpose hee departed with leaue from the Court of Portugall and came to Braganca Don Frederick Henriques beeing aduertised by his friends what his enemy did intend hee thought like a wise man that it was not good to hold him still in dispaire and therefore hee sent to Mary Osorio Don Ramir Nugnes mother to let her vnderstand that if shee would come to Valiodolit to sue for her sonnes restitution hee would assist her therein prouided that shee would take order that Don Ramir should returne back from Bragança to the Court of Portugall This Lady beeing desirous to haue her sonne restored to his lands and goods did not loose so fit and vnlookt for an occasion but came to the Admirall with whom after long conference she went to the court being at Alcala de Henares where she obtained but not without difficulty the goods of Don Ramir as depositarie and that hee might returne into Spaine vnder the keeping of the Earle of Feria Don Ramir hauing notice heereof Sentenâ—â— of the quaâ—rell betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Frederick Henriques tooke his leaue of the King of Portugall and came to the Earle of Ferias house where hee remained three yeares vntill his businesse were brought to this conclusion that hee might enioy his goods and marry with his promised wife the daughter to the Earle of Luna but that hee might not goe to his owne lands vntill the King and Queene gaue him leaue Afterward hee was permitted to come into his owne houses vpon condition that during his life he should not come ouer the riuer of Duero such was the end of the quarrell caused by the Ladies of the Court betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Don Frederick Henriques Before the Court departed from Alcala de Henares Don Inigo Lopes de Mendoza Earle of Tendilla and Doctor Iohn de Medina both of them of the Kings Councell were sent Ambassadors into Italy about the warre which was betwixt Ferdinand King of Naples and Pope
could not be suffered to come to Valencia but was enforced to returne without beeing heard or seene King Charles at the same time was troubled with ciuill warres against the Duke of Orleance Duke Francis of Brittaine and the Lord of Albret who was dispossessed of his lands father to Iohn of Albret who was king of Nauarre and with others Iohn of Albret and Katherine of Nauarre Kings of Nauarre accounted for the 35. in the order of the Kings IOHN of Albret Nauarre the sonne of Alain of whom we haue made mention heretofore was married to Catherine the heire of Nauarre but before we come to the declaration therof it shall be neeedfull to speake of the state wherein the late King Francis Phoebus left the succession to his sister Katherine who raigned after him Iohn Vicount of Narbone vnkle to her Iohn Vicount of Narbon quarrels for the Earledome of Foix and Seigneury of Bearne and to the deceased King did foorth-with quarrell with the Lords of Foix and Bearne saying that for those lands lying vpon the limits of the Realme of France where women do not succeed that Queene Catherine his Neece was incapable of enioying them and therefore shee ought to content her selfe with her inheritance of Nauarre which is gouerned by other lawes and to leaue those two Lordships to him Vppon this strife great warre arose betwixt the parties the Vicount of Narbonne beeing fauoured by Iasper of Villemur Seneshall of Foix and the Lord of Calmont Iohn of Castel Verdun and others who the yeare 1484. leading with them forces of horse and foot tooke through the trecherie of one called Romengas the towne of Maçeres and then they seized on Monthault and in the end they came to assayle Pamiers where the cittizens would willingly haue receiued the Vicount whom they acknowledged to be a son of the house of Foix but not his souldiers whereat the Vicount being enraged went to S. Antonies which is the Cathedral church and the Bishops place of residence from whence he draue away Paschal who was Bishop and possessor thereof and enthronized Mathew Artigalu therein who pretended and pleaded the sayd Bishopricke against the other the Vicount moreouer doing his best to enter into Pamiers but the inhabitants persisting in their resistance he was constrayned to retire to Maseres from which place he continued the war against his Neece and the princesse Magdalen her mother who sent in the yeare 1485. Iohn of Lautrec to keepe and defend the countrey of Foix with diuers troupes leauied in Bearne and in the Earledome of Bigorre as also to recouer that which Iohn of Foix Vicount had vsurped Lautrec marching on to execute his commission was preuented by the way by Raymond Lordat Lord of Rodel who intreated him from those of Sauardun who some few dayes before had yeelded to the Vicount to pardon them in regard they did it to auoyd the present danger and to appease the Vicounts furie against whom they were not strong enough to resist they being desirous with all their hearts to serue queene Catherine their naturall Princesse and that if her pleasure were to receiue them they wold obey her and most willingly would cast off the Vicounts yoake therefore the Lord of Rodell intreated him to make all the hast he could to Sauardun assuring him that hee should be kindly welcomed and let into the towne Lautrec accepting this offer marched thither and arriued at the bridge gate at the same instant when as the Vicount of Narbone who was aduertised of all their practises entred at another gate called Vlmet These two Lords being met together in this sort did in stead of assayling one another performe offices of complement and they fell into discourse of peace which grew to this conclusion that Iohn of Foix should enioy Sauardun Maseres Monthault and S. Espartio with the church of S. Anthony the castle of Heremen and Montagu with other places and forts the which agreement as being vnlawfull was not obserued for within a few dayes after Odet Cardinall of Carcasson recouered Montagu and S. Anthonies and restored them to Queene Catherine Lautrec likewise on the other side took Montagu S. Espartio with the castle of Heremen which he ouerthrew In those businesses was queen Catherine entertayned in the beginning of her raigne to the great contentment of the chief Lords of the factions in Nauar who in the meane time managed their owne affaires by the intelligences which they had in Castilè notwithstanding any impediment that the Lord of Aubenas was able to giue them who was Viceroy in that Kingdome The yeare following which was 1486. Iohn Vicount of Foix in recompence of the losses he had sustained did by intelligence with certaine of the Inhabitants surprize the towne of Pamiers and left the Lord of Lauellane with certaine companies of souldiers there but Captaine Peter Bunfiere did by the selfe same meanes and by the helpe of a Lock-smith who made false keyes to the gate of Conserans beeing sent thither by the Princesse Magdalen and the Queene her daughter recouer the sayd towne slew diuers of the Garrison with Lauellanet their Captaine and carried thence whatsoeuer hee found yet for all this the warre ended not but continued to the great hinderance and preiudice of the countries of Foix and Bearne during which turmoyles the Princesse Magdalen reiecting the great and profitable match which was offered by the Prince of Castile married her daughter to Iohn of Albret which caused many troubles in the Realme of Nauarre The factious of Nauarr hinder their Princesse marriage For it was no easie matter to bring the factious to any reason Those which had any intelligences with Castile were so farre off from desiring this marriage with Prince Iohn of Castile as they hindered it to their vttermost power because they would not be subiect to a Prince that was mightie and had means to punish their crimes and yet neuerthelesse they could make vse of the occasion why that match was not accomplished by resisting their Princesse and Iohn of Albret her husband and by that meanes vpheld themselues in their tyrannies The absence of the Cardinall of Foix the Queenes Vnkle was a great hinderance to her affaires For this yeare 1486. he was sent for to Rome by Pope Innocent the eighth to be employed for the pacification of Naples which was troubled with ciuill wars betwixt the Barons and their King Fernand the same king beeing at great strife with the Pope who sent this Cardinall to Naples with power as Legate â—a latere where in some sort he composed those differences but he dyed at Rome and neuer returned more into Nauarre the state of which Kingdome beeing thus miserably distracted Amand Lord of Albret father to the new king did resolue to enter into Nauarre where hauing had conference with the Lord of Aubenas his brother who was Viceroy there and then with Iohn de Ribera who spoiling the countrie for the King of
of the Pereira◠an other daughter named also D. Maria of Arragon who was in like manner a nunne in Madrigal with her sister this was the posteritie of king Ferdinand 16 That yeare Alphonso of Hojeda or Fogeda Fort built by the Spaniards in the firme land of the Indies running ouer the countrey of Vraba tooke in the strong Iland two men and seuen women and got about two hundred ounces of gold and hauing landed in Caribana hee beganne a fort and towne which was the first the Spaniards made in the firme land of the Indies The Spaniards being entred foure leagues into the countrey they affailed a little towne called Taripi whereas the Indians made great resistance Policie of the Indians and they had this policie to draw their enemies on with gold whereof they knew them to be very couetous casting it in certaine places that comming to gather it vp they might pierce them more easily with their poysoned arrowes whereof they died like mad men Hoieda prest with these difficulties and with hunger raised his siege and went to another Borough where he found some small store of victualls and tooke some prisoners and among others a woman whose husband came before Hoieda and promised by a certaine day to bring her ransome at which prefixed time hee came being accompanied with eight archers who began to shoot many poysoned arrowes among the Spaniards wherewith Hoieda himselfe was hurt and others died wherefore the Spaniards slue them all nine Hereupon Bernardin of Talauera arriued with a ship laden with victualles and three score and tenne Spaniards to succour Hoieda but this did not much comfort the Spaniards wherefore Hoieda fearing that they would mutine hee resolued to returne himselfe to Saint Domingo to make sufficient prouision of victualles and other things necessarie leauing for lieutenant in his place Francis Picarro who was afterwards marquesse of Atabillos with an expresse charge that if within fiftie dayes they had no newes of him they should make the best shift they could So Hoieda parting from Caribana hee arriued in the Iland of Hispaniola a citie of Saint Domingo where being tired with the toyle hee had endured and with the bad successe of his voyage desperate wounded and sicke of his person he became a Franciscan Frier the remaynder of his life Diego of Nicuesa who had taken the rout of Beragua aduaunced with a carauell and two brigantines and past the land without discouerie but one of his brigantines commaunded by Lope of Olano turned backe to consider of that coast then returning to the other brigantine they went together to enter in at the mouth of the riuer of Charge which they called Lagartos where they found the rest of the army except Nicuesa who was strayed with his carauel Being come to the riuer of Beragua thinking to finde their captayne Nicuesa there but hearing not any newes of him they were out of hope euer to returne vnto their houses breaking their vesselles in peeces which were halfe rotten they chose Lope of Olano for their captayne who beganne to make a fort there and to till the ground meaning to make his abode there In the meane time Nicuesa who had lost his carauell was come to Sorobaro in great want of victualls so as hee and his companie liued some daies with wild fruits the which was reported to Lope of Olano by those men who had stolne away his carauells cocke-boat wherefore hee presently sent a brigantine vnto him laden with victualls in the which he came to Beragua but there enuying the good successe of Olano he began to charge him that he had incroched vpon his authoritie intreating him ingratefully whereat the whole company was much discontented after which he caused them to dislodge and to leaue that country where they had sowen much Mays leading them to Porto Bello where hee left halfe his men and led the rest to a place called Marmoll or marbre where hee began a fort which since hath beene verie famous Nōbre de Dios which he called Nombre de Dios there Nicuesa and his people were in such extreame necessitie as they were forced to eate their dogges whereof some were sold for fiue and twenty ducats of Castile Extremitie of the Spaniards at the Indies yea they did eate the flesh of an Indian whom they found dead and halfe rotten They which Hoieda had left in Caribana seeing that their captaine returned not at the fiftieth day assigned being opprest with hunger they imbarqued by the aduice of Francis Picarro and hauing lost one brigantine they sayled towards Cochibocoa neere to the which they met with the bacheler Martin Fernandes of Enciso hauing a shippe laden with victualles and men and a brigantine who commaunded them to returne backe with him and hauing landed and watered at Camari they came to Vraba in which gulfe they built a Towne the which they called Guarda The King or Cachique of that countrey called Cemaco being incensed that without his leaue they built vpon his land hauing hidden all the wealth of his towne among the reedes hee drew together fiue hundred Indians and beganne to threaten the Spaniards then was the Bacheler in great distresse and beganne to make vowes and promises That if he got the victorie of those men hee would build a Temple of the Cachiques towne the which he would haue called Our Lady of the Ancient of Darien and that he would send a certayne quantity of gold and siluer to the church of our Lady the Ancient of Seuille whereupon a hundred Spaniards did charge these Indians and defeated them and their towne was taken and spoyled and their hidden treasure found which was not small then they began to build the towne and colonie of the Antique of Darien 17 Whilest that these men guided by aurice by the practise of cruelty thought to amplifie the religion of our Lord Iesus Christ at the west Indies the cardinall D. Francis Ximenes of Cisneros archbishop of Toledo vnder the same pretext but it may be thrust on by some other affection made offer to go in person into Affrike and there to make warre against the Moores animated thereunto besides his owne desire to make that enterprise by the spoyles which some pyrates Moores had lately made vpon the coast of Spaine from whence they had carried away many poore slaues of all ages men and women and that which did more pricke him forward was that D. Diego Fernandes Gouernour of Mersalcabler had beene lately defeated by the Moores of Oran importunately prouoked by him which disgrace hee desired to reuenge vpon that citie These things happened during the kings absence whenas he was at Naples from whence being returned hee was presently sollicited by the Cardinall to vndertake this enterprise of Oran whither hee offered to goe himselfe wherein hee had many oppositions and crosses not so much by the king as by the noblemen of the court who scorned him holding him for a man
Diego Pacheâ—o aid and subuention out of the reuenews of the Clergie of his country whereunto the Pope did the more willingly yeeld hauing heard the great exploits which he had done and the discoueries which hee had made to whom the embassadours presented in the name of the King their master a great elephant a lionesse and a bishops mitre or tyare garnished with perles and precious stones the richest that euer had beene seene at Rome The Pope therefore to incorage and giue meanes vnto King Manuel to proceede in so commendable an action hee graunted him the third part of the reuenewes and fruites of Spirituall Liuings Third part of spirituall liuings graunted to the king of Portugall in his countrey and moreouer to haue a Croisado preached wherein the Kings deputies behaued themselues so insolently and couetously as all men had occasion to complaine whereupon the conuerts and new Christians tooke occasion to fall into many errors and peruerse opinions touching our Religion These things past about the yeeres one thousand fiue hundred and twelue one thousand fiue hundred and thirteene and one thousand fiue hundred and foureteene The yeere one thousand fiue hundred and fifteene being come the king vndertooke to build the sort of Mandora in Afrike but his prouisions and men were all disperst and lost there by the incursions of the Moores so as few and those verie poore returned into Portugall Opinion fauourable for the Clergie This vnfortunate successe was imputed to the exactions which the kings Officers vsed vpon the clergie being an opinion alreadie setled in the hearts of men that those princes which touch the treasures of the Church prosper not This yeare Queene Mary was deliuered in the city of Lisbone of the Infant D. Edward future husband to D. Isabella daughter 〈◊〉 D. Iohn duke of Bragance Genealogie of Portugall from whom issued D. Edward and D. Caâ—â—erina ducheâ—â—e of Bragance wife in our dayes to the duke D. Iohn second sonne to duke Theodosius and grandchilde to the first D. Iohn Of D. Edward of Portugall and D. Isabella was also borne D. Maria who was married to the prince of 〈◊〉 sonne to Octauio Farnese and to Marguerite of Austria base daughter to the emperour Charles Soone after the death of D. Ferdinand king of Arragon the king D. 〈◊〉 was full of care for the insolent behauiour of two of his vassalls who sought to disquiet him in his nauigations and voyages to the Indies These were Ferdinand of Magellanes and Râ—y Fâ—â—ero who for some discontentment retired themselues into Castille whereas the cardinall D. Francis Ximeâ—es archbishoppe of â—oledo gouerned offering to discouer a short course or way to go to the rich Hands of the Moluques whence the spices came Magellanes and Faâ—ero Portugalliserâ—â— in Castille more profitable and commodious then that of 〈◊〉 and China Magellanes gaue D. Iohn Rodrigues of Fonseca president of the royall councell of the Indies and other counceâ—â—â—â—â— to vnderstand that they might find a better and more short cut to goe to the Moluqâ—â— by the coast of Bresill and the riuer of Plata then by the cape of Bonne Esprance and moreouer they told them that the great Iland of Zamatra and Malata were comprehended in the streit and line of the nauigation of Castile they did maintaine that the Ilands of the Moluques were not farre from Panâ—â—â—a and the qulph of saint Michael and that in all those countries and regions they found aboundance of gold pearles pretious stoâ—es spices and drugges and to make these councellors more desirous they told them many other wonders of unknowne lands which they offered to discouer Magellanes saying that he had a relation of Lewis of Vertheman oâ— Bolonia who had beene at Badan Bornay Bachian Tidore and other countrâ—es of spices which are vnder the Equiroctiall shewing many letters written from his friends to the Indians And moreouer hee had a â—â—â—ue of the Iland Zamatra who vnderstood many languages of that Countrey and an other slaue recouered 〈◊〉 Malaca By these reasons and persuasions induced them of the councell and the Regent D. Francis Ximenes gave good hope to Magellanes to obtaine ships and meanes to make this voyage at the comming of the prince D. Charleâ— who would not stay long before he parted from Flaunders to come and take possession of his realmes of Castille and Arragon The king D. Manuell made many complaines against these fugitiue subiects by his Ambassadors to the Councell of Castille and they against him and the voyage was performed as wee will shew About the spring one thousand fiue hundred and seuenteene Queene Marie second wife to the king D. 〈◊〉 died 〈◊〉 Lisbone lying in child bed of the Infant D. Anthonio who liued not long after his mother which caused great heauinesse in the king Death of Marâ—â— Queen of Portugall Shee lies in the monasterie of the mother of God Shee was then fiue and thirtie yeares old and the king 〈◊〉 and fortie who beleeuing what the preâ—aies and 〈◊〉 men of his realme had often preached vnto him that his crosses and aduersities came for that he tooke the reâ—â—news of the church and imployed them for the affaires of his realme he caused the collections contribution◠〈…〉 King consciencious promising to pay vnto the clergie 150000 ducats in 3 yeres at 3 payâ—â—â—â— This 〈…〉 to his third wife D. 〈…〉 to prince Charles of Austria Infanta of Castille neece to the two former queenes being then 19. yeeres old and the king 50. She was conducted into Portugall by 〈◊〉 in the yere 1518. a little before the arriuall of King Charles in Spaine the marriage was celebrated 〈◊〉 Crato with great pompe and state of which marriage were borne the infants D. Charles and D. Marie D. Ioane Queene of Castille Arragon Nauarre Naples Sicile Sardiâ—ia c. for whose in capacitiâ— the reigne of D. Charles her 〈…〉 being the first of that name and the two and 〈◊〉 king of Castille 16 AFter the decease of King Ferdinand Castille Queene Ioane his daughter succeeded in all his realmes lands and seigniories Charles archduke of Austria and erle of Flanders her eldest sonne who should 〈◊〉 all those great estates after her was then in Flaunders for whose absence and for the Queenes incapacitie Cardinall Francis Ximenes of Cisneros Cardinall Ximenes gouernor of Castille according to the 〈◊〉 of the deceased King tooke vpon him the gouernement of Castille with the 〈◊〉 of all the Councell and Nobilitie of the realme notwithstanding that the gouernours and ministers of the infant D. Ferdinand would by vertue of the first testament made at Burgos haue him intrude himselfe into the gouernment of affaires as regent He hauing written to them of the councel to come vnto him to Guadalâ—pe and vsing too high titles in his letters one of the councell said freely vnto him that presented the Infantaes letters Tell him that wee will be shortly at Guadalupe where knowing
Francis of Lorraine Duke of Guise into Italie as the Popes souldier with whom and with the Duke of Ferrara hee had made certaine conuentions for the entertainment and safetie of the armie consisting of twelue thousand foot French Suisses and Grisons and two thousand horse with the which he passed the Alpes in the heart of winter About this time D. Iohn de Luna was in Flaunders who as wee haue said had been called thither touching Fernand Gonzague Iohn de Luna flies into Frāce hee seeing himselfe very seuerely handled by the Kings ministers in that businesse seeking a strict accompt of him of the munition of the castle of Milan being accused to haue imployed it to his owne priuate vse hee resolued to flie from Brussels who comming into Fraunce was graciously receiued by the Christian king and an honourable pension giuen him for his maintenaunce Hee wrote from thence to his sonne Diego that hee should deliuer the castle of Milan where he remained in his fathers place to whomsoeuer his king should commit it and that neither hee nor his brethren should euer swarue from his seruice And so it was deliuered by way of prouision to Alonso Pescioni by order from the catholike King and afterwards to Alonso Figueroa who was sent Castellan thither fearing the danger The Emperour Charles hauing the last yeare made a resignation of all his realmes and dominions shewing a rare President of his fatherlie loue and of a wise and temperat mind hee resolued also to write vnto his brother touching the gouernement of the Empire and leauing the gouernement of his states more free vnto his sonne retire himselfe and spend the remainder of his life in a free and quiet contemplation Wherefore on the seuenth day of September this yeare one thousand fiue hundred fiftie and sixe he sent doctor Saler into Germany to his brother Ferdinand with a resignation of the gouernement of the empire with the Crowne Charles resignes the empire to his brother Scepter and other Ornaments pretending that being vnable to vndergoe that burthen by reason of his age and the infirmities which did afflict him extraordinarily hee persuaded the Electors to confirme the said Ferdinand in his place being yonger stronger and more apt to beare the burthen of such an empire to whom there was giuē by the prouidence of God for a naturall enemy the Turk who was mighty alwais watchful the which was now most to be feared for that he heard he was making a great preparation for war He did write particularly to euery one of the electors touching that busines a very familiar letter vnto his brother recommending his son vnto him that he would direct and assist him in all occasions with his councel help On the 14 day of the moneth he went from Gaand into Zeland his ships attending him at Flessingue but for that the wind was contrary hee was forced to staie many daies at Zuytbourg a village betwixt Flessingue and Middelbourg Charles the fifth passeth into Spaine to a solitary life which turning faire hauing taken his leaue of his sonne and giuen him his blessing and imbraced all the Princes and Noblemen he tooke shipping with his two sisters Mary widow to Lewis King of Hongary and Leonora first widow of Portugal and then of France who would needs accompany him in this voiage He came in a eleuen daies to the coast of Spaine and landed at Laredo in Biscay where before that he receiued any of those Noblemen that came to doe their duties to him hee kneeled downe and gaue God thankes for that in the last yeeres of his life hee had suffred him to come and die in that country which had alwaies beene most deere vnto him and by whose meanes he knew he was come to the hight of that honour and greatnesse And then imbracing those Noblemen and Grandos of Spaine very louingly he past by Bourgos to Vailledolit whereas his Nephew Don Carlo was to whom he gaue many good instructions putting him chiefly in mind of religion and Iustice where resting some daies and leauing his sisters there that he might haue no let to attend the life which hee had propounded he retired himselfe to the Monastery of Saint Iust of the Order of Saint Ierosme de la Vera neere to Placentia a desart place in the Prouince of Estremadura Here with foure seruants onely to serue him in his necessity hee past his life in continuall contemplation giuing great almes and doing other good deeds of charity for the which hee had reserued a hundred thousand ducats yeerely out of his great possessions Pope Paul the fourth hearing of his resignation was much troubled thinking that the Emperor could not doe it seeing it was necessary that beeing desirous to leaue off that degree whereunto hee had beene aduanced by the Popes authority hee should resigne it into the Popes hands whose office it then was to write vnto the Electors to prouide one that were worthy of that dignity who was to obtaine the ordinary confirmation from him wherein Ferdinand afterwards found some difficulty Queene Leonora being in Castille shee had a great desire to see the Infanta Enterview betwixt the mother and the daughter D. Maria of Portugall her daughter who remained at Lisbone wherein there was some difficulty vpon the point of honour and conuenience whether the mother should goe into Portugal or the daughter into Castille so as the Emperour was forced to write somewhat sharply vnto the king D. Iohn In the end the daughter came to see the mother in the city of Badajos which was the last time of their meeting The king of Algier with the helpe of an army at sea of Turkes Oran beseeged and valiantly defended of two and forty gallies and many Moores at land did much annoy the coast of Afrike and in the end came to Oran thinking to take that towne from the Spaniards Being incamped there the seuenth day of August and viewed it where they might plant their battery they beganne to cast vp trenches about the wall planting some peeces to batter the castle of Alchaizer but it was very indiscreetly done for they lay open both to the artillery of the fort and to that of the port Tremisene so as very many of them were slaine Whereupon they were forced to make new rampars and to find out a better seat for their lodgings the which were on euery side discouered their army being great for besides 12000. Turkes there was an infinite number of Moores both horse and foote They staied there some daies before they resolued to batter it for that they could not find a conuenient place but that they should be wonderfully annoyed by the ordnance from the fort which standing high discouered the country round about and shot into their trenches In the meane time the beseeged sallied forth dayly to skirmish and carried away the honour in a manner alwaies and although there were not aboue two thousand souldiers
of Nauarre to enioy the lands of the ancient patrimonie of Nauarre vsurped by the Kings of Castile with diuers others These treaties betwixt the king of Nauarre and Don Henry Earle of Transtamara were secret and vnknowne to the king of Arragon Arragon who gouerned himselfe for the most part by the aduice of Don Bernard of Cabrera a wise Knight and of great experience by whom he was often perswaded from that which the other would haue him yeeld vnto for the which he was hated by the king of Nauarre and Don Henry besides beeing a priuie Councellor and of greatest authoritie he was enuied by the other Noblemen of Arragon who were lesse fauoured wherefore these Princes beeing againe assembled at Almudear the king of Nauarre and the Earles of Transtamara and Ribagorça conspired to depriue the King of Arragon of this Councellor D. Bernard of Cabrera in disgrace with his King and wrought so as they brought him into disgrace with the king Don Bernard beeing aduertised that they meant to apprehend him sought to retire himselfe and flying came into Nauarre to Carcastillo the inhabitants whereof seeing that he was poursued by Garci Lopes of Sese shut their towne gates but beeing summoned by Garci Lopes in the name of the two kings to deliuer Don Bernard they stayed him attending the kings commandement who willed them to deliuer him vnto Garci Lopes who conuayed him to Murillo where he remayned some time in hope to be deliuered by which he was so hated by the king of Nauarre and Earle of Transtamara as they neuer ceased by importune accusations vntill they had put him to death This Bernard of Cabrera has before the yeare 1346. beeing forced to come to Court and to employ himselfe in great affaires of State wherein he was very iudicious when as wearie of the world he had resolued to become a Monke The king had cherished and aduanced him and receiued many good counsels and profitable seruices from him as well in the ciuill wars within his owne Realme as in that of Sardinia and Castile But as Courtiers the more they seeke the greatnesse and honour of their Prince and are by them the more honoured and beloued are the more subiect to enuie so fared it with him for hauing beene faithfull to the king his master he purchased the hatred of all the Princes and Noble-men of the Realme so as when he was taken by the practises of the king of Nauarre and Earle of Transtamara there was not any one that did fauour him but as it were by a common conspiracie his processe was made and the Infant Don Iohn Prince of Girone whome he had bred vp made his Iudge where sitting in Iustice and hauing for assistant Dominicke of Cerdagne chiefe Iustice of Arragon who by his charge and office should defend the oppressed pronounced sentence of death against this poore decrepite old man They write that his sentence being read by Don Berenger Apilia and Iames Monelia Vice-chanchelor he complayned greatly that he should be condemned without hearing or in a manner any forme of processe but Apilia answered him that he ought not to hold it strange seeing that by his owne Councell that custome had beene brought into Arragon and that he should remember the processe which was too summarily made against Iohn Ximenes of Vrrea and Raymond Marquet accused to haue slaine Raymond of S. Vincent who Bernard beheaded by the kings commandement and in a maner without any forme of processe had beene put to death He was led vnto the maâ—ket place of Sarragossa and there beheaded and his head was carried vnto the king beeing at Barcelona Such rewards many times haue the most faithfull Councellors of their ill aduised Princes Thus miserably dyed one of the greatest personages in nobility iudgement and vertue which had beene of long time in Arragon who without the king his master had executed great matters and the king without him did neuer any thing of worth All his goods were confiscate to the king whereby he pourchased great dishonor and rightly both for his death and for that of his brother Don Fernand. Bernardin of Cabrera son to Bernard had married Marguerite of Foix daughter to the Vicount of Castelbon by Constance of Luna sister to D. Lope a Lady of the bloud royall of Arragon for she was daughter to Artal of Luna and to D. Constance Perez who was daughter to Don Iames Perez base sonne to the king Don Pedro the third At that time the Prince Don Iohn did not much exceed fourteene yeares yet he was employed in great affaires within the Realme as well for warre as instice with a dispensation for his age beeing assisted by Don Pedro Earle of Ribagorça who hauing renounced the world in his old age had taken vppon him the habit of Saint Francis and moreouer by Don Pedro of Vrgel sone to the Infant D. Iames the Kings brother and by the Vicount of Cardona for the warre and for iustice and other affaires of the Realme he had for his Councellors Berenger Apilia Bernard Sous William Guymerand and Thomas Marzan of Cattelogne During this last warre betwixt Castile and Arragon D. Pedro king of Arragon prest by necessity took the reuenues of many benefices without demanding leaue from the Pope and the more inconsideratly Reuenues of Churches takâ—n in without the Popes leaue say they for that Vrban then raigning had neuer refused him any thing wherefore he was in great danger to be excommunicated and deiected from the rights of his Realmes especially from that of Sardinia which hee held in fee of the Church the soueraignty whereof many of the Cardinals were of aduice to giue to the Iudge of Arborea The king for this cause sent his vncle D. Pedro sometimes Earle of Ribagorça and then a Friar and Gaspar Tregure Doctor of the lawes vnto the Pope who declared in open Consistorie That in like necessities and miseries as the Realm of Arragon was then in it had bin lawfull for kings not only to vse the temporall reuenues but also to lay hands vpon the relicks and holy vessell of the Churches adding that the Ecclesiasticall Estate was no lesse bound to the preseruation of the common-weale then other Estates and that kings might freely vse their meanes in such extremities so as he promised to make them restitution in a conuenient time Whereupon the Pope considering of the cause did not pronounce any sentence The Iudge of Arborea hauing either practised the fauour of the Consistory or else moued with a desire to raigne attempted thereuppon to make sharpe warre against the Arragonois is Sardinia a turbulent Iland which continually bred new matter of charge and losse to the kings of Arragon who had a little before ended all quarels with the Genouois and by the meanes of Iohn Marquis of Montferrat his allye but to leaue a marke of punishment of the Rebels of Sardinia he had supprest the name of Galluri the which was