course_n have_v be_v hold_v from_o the_o beginning_n when_o a_o irish_a lord_n do_v offer_v to_o surrender_v his_o country_n his_o surrender_n be_v not_o immediate_o accept_v but_o a_o commission_n be_v first_o award_v to_o inquire_v of_o three_o special_a point_n first_o of_o the_o quantity_n and_o limit_n of_o the_o land_n whereof_o he_o be_v repute_v owner_n next_o how_o much_o himself_o do_v hold_v in_o demean_n and_o how_o much_o be_v possess_v by_o his_o tenant_n and_o follower_n and_o three_o what_o custom_n duty_n and_o service_n he_o do_v yearly_o receive_v out_o of_o those_o land_n this_o inquisition_n be_v make_v and_o return_v the_o land_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o lord_n proper_a possession_n in_o demean_n be_v draw_v into_o a_o particular_a and_o his_o irish_a duty_n as_o coshering_n sessing_n rent_n of_o butter_n and_o oatmeal_n and_o the_o like_a be_v reasonable_o value_v and_o reduce_v into_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o in_o lieu_n 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pâ—ant_v to_o give_v better_a education_n to_o their_o child_n and_o to_o improve_v the_o commodity_n of_o their_o land_n whereby_o the_o yearly_a value_n thereof_o be_v already_o increase_v double_a of_o that_o it_o be_v within_o these_o few_o year_n and_o be_v like_o daily_a to_o rise_v high_o till_o it_o amount_v to_o the_o price_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n last_o ulster_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o irishry_n in_o the_o province_n of_o ulster_n though_o it_o be_v the_o most_o rude_a and_o unreformed_a part_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o seat_n and_o nest_n of_o the_o last_o great_a rebellion_n be_v now_o better_o dispose_v and_o establish_v than_o any_o the_o land_n in_o the_o other_o province_n which_o have_v be_v past_a and_o settle_v upon_o surrenders_n for_o as_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o dispose_n of_o those_o land_n do_v not_o happen_v without_o the_o special_a providence_n and_o finger_n of_o god_n which_o do_v cast_v out_o those_o wicked_a and_o ungrateful_a traitor_n who_o be_v the_o only_a enemy_n of_o the_o reformation_n of_o ireland_n so_o the_o distribution_n and_o plantation_n thereof_o have_v be_v project_v and_o prosecute_v by_o the_o special_a direction_n and_o care_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o wherein_o his_o majesty_n have_v correct_v the_o error_n before_o speak_v of_o commit_v by_o king_n henry_n 2._o and_o k._n john_n in_o distribute_v and_o plant_v the_o first_o conquer_v land_n for_o although_o there_o be_v six_o whole_a shire_n to_o be_v dispose_v his_o majesty_n give_v not_o a_o entire_a country_n or_o county_n to_o any_o particular_a person_n much_o less_o do_v he_o grant_v jura_n regalia_z or_o any_o extraordinary_a liberty_n for_o the_o best_a british_a undertaker_n have_v but_o a_o proportion_n of_o 3000._o acre_n for_o himself_o with_o power_n to_o create_v a_o manor_n and_o hold_v a_o court_n baron_fw-fr albeit_o many_o of_o these_o undertaker_n be_v of_o as_o great_a birth_n and_o quality_n as_o the_o best_a adventurer_n in_o the_o first_o conquest_n again_o his_o majesty_n do_v not_o utter_o exclude_v the_o native_n out_o of_o this_o plantation_n with_o a_o purpose_n to_o root_v they_o ouâ—_n as_o the_o irish_a be_v exclude_v out_o of_o the_o first_o english_a colonies_n but_o make_v mix_v plantation_n of_o british_a and_o irish_a that_o they_o may_v grow_v up_o together_o in_o one_o nation_n only_o the_o irish_a be_v in_o some_o place_n transplant_v from_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n into_o the_o plain_n and_o open_a country_n that_o be_v remove_v like_o wild_a fruit-tree_n they_o may_v grow_v the_o mild_a and_o bear_v the_o better_a and_o sweet_a fruit_n and_o this_o true_o be_v the_o masterpiece_n and_o most_o excellent_a part_n of_o the_o work_n of_o reformation_n and_o be_v worthy_a indeed_o of_o his_o majesty_n royal_a pain_n for_o when_o this_o plantation_n have_v take_v root_n and_o be_v fix_v and_o settle_v but_o a_o few_o year_n with_o the_o favour_n and_o blessing_n of_o god_n for_o the_o son_n of_o god_n himself_o have_v say_v in_o the_o gospel_n omnis_fw-la plantatio_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la plantavit_fw-la pater_fw-la meus_fw-la eradicabitur_fw-la it_o will_v secure_v the_o peace_n of_o ireland_n assure_v it_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o ever_o and_o final_o make_v it_o a_o civil_a and_o a_o rich_a a_o mighty_a and_o a_o flourish_a kingdom_n i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n both_o certain_a and_o casual_a which_o be_v raise_v to_o a_o double_a proportion_n at_o least_o above_o that_o it_o be_v by_o derive_v the_o public_a justice_n into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o settle_v all_o the_o possession_n of_o both_o of_o the_o irish_a and_o english_a by_o re-establish_a the_o composition_n by_o restore_v and_o resume_v the_o custom_n by_o revive_v the_o tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o knights-service_n and_o reduce_v many_o other_o thing_n into_o charge_n which_o by_o the_o confusion_n and_o negligence_n of_o former_a time_n become_v conceal_v and_o subtract_v from_o the_o crown_n i_o forbear_v likewise_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o due_a and_o ready_a bring_v in_o of_o the_o revenue_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o well_o order_v of_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n and_o the_o authority_n and_o pain_n of_o the_o commissioner_n for_o account_n i_o may_v also_o add_v hereunto_o the_o encouragement_n that_o have_v be_v give_v to_o the_o maritime_a town_n and_o city_n as_o well_o to_o increase_v their_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n as_o to_o cherish_v mechanical_a art_n and_o science_n in_o that_o all_o their_o charter_n have_v be_v renew_v and_o their_o liberty_n more_o enlarge_v by_o his_o majesty_n than_o by_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n since_o the_o conquest_n as_o likewise_o the_o care_n and_o course_n that_o have_v be_v take_v to_o make_v civil_a commerce_n and_o intercourse_n between_o the_o subject_n new_o reform_v and_o bring_v under_o obedience_n by_o grant_v market_n and_o fair_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o their_o country_n and_o by_o erect_v of_o corporate_a town_n among_o they_o brief_o the_o clock_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n be_v now_o well_o set_v and_o all_o the_o wheel_n thereof_o do_v move_v in_o order_n the_o string_n of_o this_o irish_a harp_n which_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n do_v finger_n be_v all_o in_o tune_n for_o i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o state_n ecclesiastical_a and_o make_v a_o good_a harmony_n in_o this_o common-weal_n so_o as_o we_o may_v well_o conceive_v a_o hope_n that_o ireland_n which_o heretofore_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v the_o land_n of_o ire_n because_o the_o irascible_a power_n be_v predominant_a there_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 400._o year_n together_o will_v from_o henceforth_o prove_v a_o land_n of_o peace_n and_o concord_n and_o though_o heretofore_o it_o have_v be_v like_o the_o lean_a cow_n of_o
disable_v otherwise_o as_o shall_v be_v declare_v hereafter_o never_o send_v over_o any_o royal_a army_n or_o any_o number_n of_o man_n worthy_a to_o be_v call_v a_o army_n into_o ireland_n until_o the_o thirty_o six_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o when_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n the_o king_n second_o son_n have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o ulster_n be_v send_v over_o with_o a_o extraordinary_a power_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o time_n for_o the_o war_n betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n be_v then_o in_o their_o heat_n as_o well_o to_o recover_v his_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n which_o be_v then_o overrun_v and_o possess_v by_o the_o irish_a as_o to_o reform_v the_o english_a colony_n which_o be_v become_v strange_o degenerate_a throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o though_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o give_v the_o whole_a land_n of_o ireland_n to_o edward_n the_o prince_n 9_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o his_o heir_n ita_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la separetur_fw-la a_o corona_n angliae_fw-la whereupon_o it_o be_v style_v the_o land_n of_o the_o lord_n edward_n the_o king_n elder_a son_n and_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o land_n be_v call_v the_o officer_n of_o edward_n lord_n of_o ireland_n and_o though_o this_o edward_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o active_a prince_n that_o ever_o live_v in_o england_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o either_o in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n or_o during_o his_o own_o reign_n come_v over_o in_o person_n or_o transmit_v any_o army_n into_o ireland_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o draw_v sundry_a aid_n and_o supply_n of_o man_n out_o of_o ireland_n to_o serve_v he_o in_o his_o war_n in_o scotland_n wales_n and_o gascoigne_n and_o again_o though_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o send_v over_o piers_n gaveston_n with_o a_o great_a retinue_n it_o be_v never_o intend_v he_o shall_v perfect_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n for_o the_o king_n can_v not_o want_v his_o company_n so_o long_o a_o time_n as_o must_v have_v be_v spend_v in_o the_o finish_n of_o so_o tedious_a a_o work_n so_o then_o in_o all_o that_o space_n of_o time_n three_o between_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o king_n john_n and_o the_o 36._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o thâ—rd_n contain_v 150._o year_n or_o thereabouts_o although_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a border_a war_n between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o irish_a there_o come_v no_o royal_a army_n out_o of_o england_n to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war._n but_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v at_o first_o call_v custodes_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la and_o afterward_o lord_n justice_n and_o the_o english_a lord_n who_o have_v get_v so_o great_a possession_n and_o royalty_n as_o that_o they_o presume_v to_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n without_o direction_n from_o the_o state_n do_v levy_v all_o their_o force_n within_o the_o land_n but_o those_o force_n be_v weak_o supply_v and_o ill_o govern_v as_o i_o say_v before_o weak_o supply_v with_o man_n and_o money_n and_o govern_v with_o the_o worst_a discipline_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v among_o man_n of_o war_n and_o no_o marvel_n for_o it_o be_v a_o infallible_a rule_n that_o a_o army_n ill_o pay_v be_v ever_o unruly_a and_o ill_o govern_v the_o stand_a force_n here_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o reenforced_v out_o of_o england_n and_o such_o as_o be_v either_o send_v from_o thence_o or_o raise_v here_o do_v common_o do_v more_o huâ—t_a and_o damage_n to_o the_o english_a subject_n than_o to_o the_o irish_a enemy_n by_o their_o continual_a sess_z and_o extortion_n which_o mischief_n do_v arise_v by_o reason_n that_o little_a or_o no_o treasure_n be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n wage_n only_o the_o king_n revenue_n in_o ireland_n be_v spend_v and_o whole_o spend_v in_o the_o public_a service_n and_o therefore_o dublin_n in_o all_o the_o ancient_a pipe-rols_a in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o edward_z the_o first_o edward_z the_o second_o and_o edward_z the_o three_o between_o the_o receipt_n and_o allowance_n there_o be_v this_o entry_n in_o thesauro_fw-la nihil_fw-la for_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o state_n and_o the_o army_n spend_v aâ—l_o so_o as_o there_o be_v no_o surplusage_n of_o treasure_n and_o yet_o that_o all_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o in_o default_n of_o the_o king_n pay_v as_o well_o the_o ordinary_a force_n which_o stand_v continual_o as_o the_o extraordinary_a which_o be_v levy_v by_o the_o chief_a governor_n upon_o journey_n and_o general_a hoasting_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n lay_v upon_o the_o poor_a subject_n descend_v of_o english_a race_n howbeit_o this_o burden_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n tolerable_a in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o king_n edward_z the_o first_o but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n of_o desmond_n be_v chief_a commander_n of_o the_o army_n against_o the_o scot_n begin_v that_o wicked_a extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n and_o pay_v that_o be_v he_o and_o his_o army_n take_v horse_n meat_n and_o man_n meat_n and_o money_n dublin_n at_o their_o pleasure_n without_o any_o ticket_n or_o other_o satisfaction_n and_o this_o be_v after_o that_o time_n the_o general_a fault_n of_o all_o the_o governor_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o army_n in_o this_o land_n only_o the_o golden_a say_n of_o sir_n thomas_n rookesby_n camden_n who_o be_v justice_n in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v record_v in_o all_o the_o annal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o he_o will_v eat_v in_o wooden_a dish_n but_o will_v pay_v for_o his_o meat_n gold_n and_o silver_n beside_o the_o english_a colony_n be_v disperse_v in_o every_o province_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v enforce_v to_o keep_v continual_a guard_n upon_o the_o border_n and_o march_n round_o about_o they_o which_o guard_n consist_v of_o idle_a soldier_n be_v likewise_o impose_v as_o a_o continual_a burden_n upon_o the_o poor_a engglish_a freeholder_n who_o they_o oppress_v and_o impoverish_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n dublin_n and_o because_o the_o great_a english_a lord_n and_o captain_n have_v power_n to_o impose_v this_o charge_n when_o and_o where_o they_o please_v many_o of_o the_o poor_a freeholder_n be_v glad_a to_o give_v unto_o those_o lord_n a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o land_n to_o hold_v the_o rest_n free_a from_o that_o extortion_n and_o many_o other_o not_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v that_o intolerable_a oppression_n do_v utter_o quit_v their_o freehold_n and_o return_v into_o england_n by_o this_o mean_a the_o english_a colony_n grow_v poor_a and_o weak_a though_o the_o english_a lord_n grow_v rich_a and_o mighty_a for_o they_o place_v irish_a tenant_n upon_o the_o land_n relinquish_v by_o the_o english_a upon_o they_o they_o levy_v all_o irish_a exaction_n with_o they_o they_o marry_v and_o foster_v and_o make_v gossip_n so_o as_o within_o one_o age_n the_o english_a both_o lord_n and_o freeholder_n become_v degenerate_a and_o mere_a irish_a in_o their_o language_n in_o their_o apparel_n in_o their_o arm_n and_o manner_n of_o fight_n and_o all_o other_o custom_n of_o life_n whatsoever_o by_o this_o it_o appear_v why_o the_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n s._n be_v call_v in_o the_o old_a statute_n of_o ireland_n a_o damnable_a custom_n and_o the_o impose_v and_o take_v thereof_o make_v high_a treason_n and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o a_o ancient_a discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n that_o though_o it_o be_v first_o invent_v in_o hell_n yet_o if_o it_o have_v be_v use_v and_o practise_v there_o as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o ireland_n it_o have_v long_o since_o destroy_v the_o very_a kingdom_n of_o belzebub_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v the_o war_n of_o ireland_n carry_v before_o the_o come_n over_o of_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n this_o young_a prince_n be_v earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o lord_n of_o conaght_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n who_o be_v daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o lord_n william_n bourk_n the_o last_o earl_n of_o ulster_n of_o that_o family_n slay_v by_o treachery_n at_o knockefergus_n be_v make_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n westm_n and_o send_v over_o with_o a_o army_n in_o the_o six_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o roll_n and_o list_v of_o which_o army_n do_v remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o king_n remembrancer_n office_n in_o england_n in_o the_o press_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la tangentibus_fw-la hiberniam_fw-la and_o do_v not_o contain_v above_o fifteen_o hundred_o man_n by_o the_o poll_n which_o because_o it_o differ_v somewhat_o fâ—om_a the_o manner_n of_o this_o age_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o command_n and_o the_o entertainment_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o take_v a_o brief_a view_n thereof_o the_o lord_n lionel_n be_v
both_o kingdom_n than_o it_o do_v at_o any_o time_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n camden_n then_o do_v the_o state_n of_o england_n send_v over_o john_n de_fw-fr hotham_n to_o be_v treasurer_n here_o with_o commission_n to_o call_v the_o great_a lord_n of_o ireland_n together_o and_o to_o take_v of_o they_o a_o oath_n of_o association_n that_o they_o shall_v loyal_o join_v together_o in_o life_n and_o death_n to_o preserve_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o to_o expel_v the_o common_a enemy_n but_o this_o treasurer_n bring_v neither_o man_n nor_o money_n to_o perform_v this_o service_n at_o that_o time_n though_o richard_n bourk_n earl_n of_o ulster_n common_o call_v the_o red_a earl_n be_v of_o great_a power_n than_o any_o other_o subject_a in_o ireland_n yet_o be_v he_o so_o far_o strike_v in_o year_n as_o that_o he_o be_v unable_a to_o manage_v the_o martial_a affair_n as_o he_o have_v do_v during_o all_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o have_v be_v general_n of_o the_o irish_a force_n not_o only_o in_o this_o kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o war_n of_o scotland_n wales_n and_o gascoign_n scot_n and_o therefore_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n of_o desmond_n be_v then_o the_o most_o active_a noble_a man_n in_o this_o realm_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o chief_a command_n in_o this_o war_n for_o the_o support_n whereof_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o land_n be_v far_o too_o short_a and_o yet_o no_o supply_n of_o treasure_n be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n then_o be_v there_o no_o mean_n to_o maintain_v the_o army_n english_a but_o by_o sess_v the_o soldier_n upon_o the_o subject_a as_o the_o irish_a be_v wont_a to_o impose_v their_o bonaught_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o wicked_a extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n speak_v of_o before_o which_o in_o short_a time_n banish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o freeholders_n out_o of_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n limerirk_n cork_n and_o waterford_n into_o who_o possession_n desmond_n and_o his_o kinsman_n ally_n and_o follower_n which_o be_v then_o more_o irish_a than_o english_a do_v enter_v and_o appropriate_v these_o land_n unto_o themselves_o desmond_n himself_o take_v what_o scope_n he_o best_o like_v for_o his_o demesne_n in_o every_o country_n and_o reserve_v a_o irish_a seignory_n out_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o here_o that_o i_o may_v verify_v and_o maintain_v by_o matter_n of_o record_n that_o which_o be_v before_o deliver_v touch_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o wicked_a extortion_n call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o the_o manifold_a mischief_n it_o do_v produce_v i_o think_v it_o fit_a and_o pertinent_a to_o insert_v the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 10._o of_o henry_n seven_o c._n 4._o not_o print_v but_o record_v in_o parliament_n roll_n of_o dublin_n in_o these_o word_n at_o the_o request_n and_o supplication_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o this_o land_n of_o ireland_n that_o where_o of_o long_a time_n there_o have_v be_v use_v and_o exact_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n many_o and_o divers_a damnable_a custom_n and_o usage_n which_o be_v call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o pay_v that_o be_v horse_n meat_n and_o man_n meat_n for_o the_o find_n of_o their_o horseman_n and_o footman_n and_o over_o that_o 4._o d._n or_o 6._o d._n daily_o to_o every_o of_o they_o to_o be_v have_v and_o pay_v of_o the_o poor_a earth_n tiller_n and_o tenant_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o say_a land_n without_o any_o thing_n do_v or_o pay_v therefore_o beside_o many_o murder_n robbery_n rape_n and_o other_o manifold_a extortion_n and_o oppression_n by_o the_o say_a horseman_n and_o footman_n daily_a and_o nightly_o commit_v and_o do_v which_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o desolation_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o have_v bring_v the_o same_o into_o ruin_n and_o decay_n so_o as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o english_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n of_o this_o land_n be_v depart_v out_o thereof_o some_o into_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o other_o some_o to_o other_o strange_a land_n whereupon_o the_o foresay_a lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n have_v intrude_v into_o the_o say_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n inheritance_n and_o the_o same_o keep_v and_o occupy_v as_o their_o own_o inheritance_n and_o setten_v under_o they_o in_o the_o same_o land_n the_o king_n irish_a enemy_n to_o the_o diminish_n of_o holy_a church_n rite_n the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o obedient_a subject_n and_o the_o utter_a ruin_n and_o desolation_n of_o the_o land_n for_o reformation_n whereof_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v receive_v a_o subsidy_n of_o 26._o s._n 8._o d._n out_o of_o every_o 120._o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n manure_v etc._n etc._n but_o to_o return_v to_o thomas_n fitz-maurice_n of_o desmond_n by_o this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n he_o sudden_o grow_v from_o a_o mean_a to_o a_o mighty_a estate_n insomuch_o as_o the_o baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n affirm_v that_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n be_v not_o one_o thousand_o mark_n yearly_a he_o become_v able_a to_o dispend_v every_o way_n ten_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la these_o possession_n be_v thus_o unlawful_o get_v can_v not_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n which_o will_v have_v restore_v the_o true_a owner_n to_o their_o land_n again_o and_o therefore_o this_o great_a man_n find_v no_o mean_n to_o continue_v and_o uphold_v his_o ill-purchased_n greatness_n but_o by_o reject_v the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n and_o assume_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o the_o barbarous_a custom_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o hereupon_o follow_v the_o defection_n of_o those_o four_o shire_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o munster_n from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v baron_n finglas_n the_o lord_n of_o tipperary_n perceive_v how_o well_o the_o house_n of_o desmond_n have_v thrive_v by_o coin_n and_o livery_n and_o other_o irish_a exaction_n begin_v to_o hold_v the_o like_a course_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n and_o kilkenny_n whereby_o he_o get_v great_a scope_n of_o land_n especial_o in_o ormond_n and_o raise_v many_o irish_a exaction_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholders_n there_o which_o make_v he_o so_o potent_a and_o absolute_a among_o they_o as_o at_o that_o time_n they_o know_v no_o other_o law_n than_o the_o will_n of_o their_o lord_n beside_o find_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n exclude_v the_o ordinary_a minister_n of_o justice_n under_o colour_n of_o a_o royal_a liberty_n which_o he_o claim_v in_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n cork_n and_o waterford_n by_o a_o grant_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o as_o appear_v in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la bring_v against_o he_o anno_fw-la 12._o edw._n 1._o the_o record_n whereof_o remain_v in_o breminghams_n tower_n among_o the_o common_a plea-roll_n there_o this_o lord_n also_o in_o the_o three_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o obtain_v a_o grant_n of_o the_o like_a liberty_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n whereby_o he_o get_v the_o law_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o shut_v out_o the_o common_a law_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o all_o munster_n fall_v away_o from_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n in_o the_o end_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o his_o reign_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o again_o about_o the_o same_o time_n viz._n in_o the_o 20._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o when_o the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v well-nigh_a ruin_v by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o the_o government_n of_o ireland_n utter_o neglect_v there_o arise_v in_o leinster_n one_o of_o the_o cavanaghes_n leinster_n name_v donald_n mac_n art_n who_o name_v himself_o mac_n murrogh_n king_n of_o leinster_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o county_n of_o catherlogh_n and_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o county_n of_o wexford_n and_o short_o after_o lisagh_fw-mi o_fw-mi moor_n call_v himself_o o_o moor_n take_v eight_o castle_n in_o one_o evening_n destroy_v duamase_v the_o principal_a house_n of_o the_o l._n mortimer_n in_o leix_n recover_v that_o whole_a country_n de_fw-fr servo_fw-la dominus_fw-la de_fw-la subjecto_fw-la princeps_fw-la effectus_fw-la say_v friar_n clynn_n in_o his_o annal_n beside_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n imitate_v his_o cousin_n of_o desmond_n do_v not_o omit_v to_o make_v the_o like_a use_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n in_o kildare_n and_o the_o west_n part_n of_o meath_z which_o bring_v the_o like_a barbarism_n into_o those_o part_n and_o thus_o a_o great_a part_n of_o leinster_n be_v lose_v and_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n near_o about_o the_o time_n before_o express_v again_o in_o the_o
make_v themselves_o owner_n of_o all_o by_o force_n be_v now_o by_o the_o law_n reduce_v to_o this_o point_n that_o want_v mean_n to_o defray_v their_o ordinary_a charge_n they_o resort_v ordinary_o to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o make_v petition_n that_o by_o licence_n and_o warrant_n of_o the_o state_n they_o may_v take_v some_o aid_n and_o contribution_n from_o their_o people_n as_o well_o to_o discharge_v their_o former_a debt_n as_o for_o competent_a maintenance_n in_o time_n to_o come_v but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v impatient_a of_o this_o diminution_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n to_o foreign_a country_n whereupon_o we_o may_v well_o observe_v that_o as_o extortion_n do_v banish_v the_o old_a english_a freeholder_n who_o can_v not_o live_v but_o under_o the_o law_n so_o the_o law_n do_v banish_v the_o irish_a lord_n who_o can_v not_o live_v but_o by_o extortion_n again_o these_o circuit_n of_o justice_n do_v upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n more_o terrify_v the_o loose_a and_o idle_a person_n than_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o martial_a law_n though_o it_o be_v more_o quick_a and_o sudden_a and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o do_v so_o clear_a the_o the_o kingdom_n of_o thief_n and_o other_o capital_a offender_n as_o i_o dare_v affirm_v that_o for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o year_n last_o pass_v there_o have_v not_o be_v find_v so_o many_o malefactor_n worthy_a of_o death_n in_o all_o the_o six_o circuit_n of_o this_o realm_n which_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o thirty_o two_o shire_n at_o large_a as_o in_o one_o circuit_n of_o six_o shire_n namely_o the_o western_a circuit_n in_o england_n for_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o irish_a be_v more_o fearful_a to_o offend_v the_o law_n than_o the_o english_a or_o any_o other_o nation_n whatsoever_o again_o whereas_o the_o great_a advantage_n that_o the_o irish_a have_v of_o we_o in_o all_o their_o rebellion_n be_v our_o ignorance_n of_o their_o country_n their_o person_n and_o their_o action_n since_o the_o law_n and_o her_o minister_n have_v have_v a_o passage_n among_o they_o all_o their_o place_n of_o fastness_n have_v be_v discover_v and_o lay_v open_a all_o their_o pace_n clear_v and_o notice_n take_v of_o every_o person_n that_o be_v able_a to_o do_v either_o good_a or_o hurt_n it_o be_v know_v not_o only_a how_o they_o live_v and_o what_o they_o do_v but_o it_o be_v foresee_v what_o they_o purpose_v or_o intend_v to_o do_v insomuch_o as_o tyrone_n have_v be_v hear_v to_o complain_v that_o he_o have_v so_o many_o eye_n watch_v over_o he_o as_o he_o can_v not_o drink_v a_o full_a carouse_n of_o sack_n but_o the_o state_n be_v advertise_v thereof_o within_o few_o hour_n after_o and_o therefore_o those_o allowance_n which_o i_o find_v in_o the_o ancient_a pipe_n roll_n pro_fw-la guidagio_fw-it &_o spiagio_fw-mi may_v be_v well_o spare_v at_o this_o day_n for_o the_o under-sheriff_n and_o bailiff_n errant_a be_v better_a guide_n and_o spy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n than_o any_o be_v find_v in_o the_o time_n of_o war._n moreover_o these_o civil_a assembly_n at_o assize_n and_o session_n have_v reclaim_v the_o irish_a from_o their_o wildness_n cause_v they_o to_o cut_v off_o their_o glib_n and_o long_a hair_n to_o convert_v their_o mantle_n into_o cloak_n to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o england_n in_o all_o their_o behaviour_n and_o outward_a form_n and_o because_o they_o find_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n in_o move_v their_o suit_n by_o a_o interpreter_n they_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n send_v their_o child_n to_o school_n especial_o to_o learn_v the_o english_a language_n so_o as_o we_o may_v conceive_v and_o hope_v that_o the_o next_o generation_n will_v in_o tongue_n and_o heart_n and_o every_o way_n else_o become_v english_a so_o as_o there_o will_v be_v no_o difference_n or_o distinction_n but_o the_o irish_a sea_n betwixt_o we_o and_o thus_o we_o see_v a_o good_a conversion_n and_o the_o irish_a game_n turn_v again_o for_o heretofore_o the_o neglect_n of_o the_o law_n make_v the_o english_a degenerate_a and_o become_v irish_a and_o now_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n do_v make_v the_o irish_a grow_v civil_a and_o become_v english_a last_o these_o general_a session_n now_o do_v teach_v the_o people_n more_o obedience_n and_o keep_v they_o more_o in_o awe_n than_o do_v the_o general_a hostings_n in_o former_a time_n these_o progress_n of_o the_o law_n renew_v and_o confirm_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n every_o half_a year_n and_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o king_n absence_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o that_o every_o judge_n sit_v in_o the_o seat_n of_o justice_n do_v represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o these_o effect_n have_v the_o establishment_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o justice_n produce_v since_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n begin_v howbeit_o english_a it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v a_o common-weal_n in_o ireland_n without_o perform_v another_o service_n which_o be_v the_o settle_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n and_o possession_n as_o well_o of_o irish_a as_o english_z throughout_o the_o kingdom_n for_o although_o that_o in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n a_o special_a law_n be_v make_v which_o do_v enable_v the_o lord_n deputy_n to_o take_v surrender_n and_o regrant_a estate_n unto_o the_o irishry_n upon_o signification_n of_o her_o majesty_n pleasure_n in_o that_o behalf_n yet_o be_v there_o but_o few_o of_o the_o irish_a lord_n that_o make_v offer_v to_o surrender_v during_o her_o reign_n and_o they_o which_o make_v surrenders_n of_o entire_a country_n obtain_v grant_n of_o the_o whole_a again_o to_o themselves_o only_o and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o all_o in_o demesn_a in_o pass_v of_o which_o grant_v there_o be_v no_o care_n take_v of_o the_o inferior_a sept_n of_o people_n inhabit_v and_o possess_v these_o country_n under_o they_o but_o they_o hold_v their_o several_a portion_n in_o course_n of_o tanistry_n and_o gavelkinde_n and_o yield_v the_o same_o irish_a duty_n or_o exaction_n as_o they_o do_v before_o so_o that_o upon_o every_o such_o surrender_n and_o grant_v there_o be_v but_o one_o freeholder_n make_v in_o a_o whole_a country_n which_o be_v the_o lord_n himself_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o tenant_n at_o will_n or_o rather_o tenant_n in_o villeinage_n and_o be_v neither_o fit_a to_o be_v swear_v in_o juries_n nor_o to_o perform_v any_o public_a service_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o their_o estate_n do_v utter_o neglect_v to_o build_v or_o to_o plant_v or_o to_o improve_v the_o land_n and_o therefore_o although_o the_o lord_n be_v become_v the_o king_n tenant_n his_o country_n be_v no_o whit_n reform_v thereby_o but_o remain_v in_o the_o former_a barbarism_n and_o desolation_n again_o in_o the_o same_o queen_n time_n there_o be_v many_o irish_a lord_n which_o do_v not_o surrender_v yet_o obtain_v letters-patent_n of_o the_o captainship_n of_o their_o country_n and_o of_o all_o land_n and_o duty_n belong_v to_o those_o captainship_n for_o the_o statute_n which_o do_v condemn_v and_o abolish_v these_o captainries_a usurp_v by_o the_o irish_a do_v give_v power_n to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n to_o grant_v the_o same_o by_o letter_n patent_n howbeit_o these_o irish_a captain_n and_o likewise_o the_o english_a which_o be_v make_v seneschalle_n of_o the_o irish_a country_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o these_o grant_n and_o under_o pretence_n of_o government_n claim_v a_o irish_a seignory_n and_o exercise_v plain_a tyranny_n over_o the_o common_a people_n and_o this_o be_v the_o fruit_n that_o do_v arise_v of_o the_o letter_n patent_n grant_v of_o the_o irish_a country_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n where_o before_o they_o do_v extort_v and_o oppress_v the_o people_n only_o by_o colour_n of_o a_o lewd_a and_o barbarous_a custom_n they_o do_v afterward_o use_v the_o same_o extortion_n and_o oppression_n by_o warrant_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o now_o execution_n since_o his_o majesty_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n two_o special_a commission_n have_v be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n for_o the_o settle_n and_o quiet_v of_o all_o the_o possession_n in_o ireland_n the_o one_o for_o accept_v surrender_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o degenerate_a english_a and_o for_o regrant_v estate_n unto_o they_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o other_o for_o strengthen_v of_o defective_a title_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o commission_n there_o have_v ever_o be_v have_v a_o special_a care_n to_o settle_v and_o secure_v the_o under-tenant_n to_o the_o end_n there_o may_v be_v a_o repose_n and_o establishment_n of_o every_o subject_n estate_n lord_n and_o tenant_n freeholder_n and_o farmer_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o surrenders_n this_o
condemn_v and_o abolish_v and_o the_o use_n and_o practice_n thereof_o make_v high-treason_n but_o this_o law_n extend_v to_o the_o english_a only_o and_o not_o to_o the_o irish_a for_o the_o law_n be_v pen_v in_o this_o form_n item_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o diversity_n of_o government_n by_o divers_a law_n in_o one_o land_n 4._o do_v make_v diversity_n of_o ligeance_n and_o debate_n between_o the_o people_n it_o be_v accord_v and_o establish_v that_o hereafter_o no_o english_a man_n have_v debate_n with_o another_o english_a man_n but_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o no_o english_a man_n be_v rule_v in_o the_o definition_n of_o their_o debate_n by_o the_o march-law_n or_o the_o brehon_n law_n which_o by_o reason_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v name_v a_o law_n but_o a_o evil_a custom_n but_o that_o they_o be_v rule_v as_o right_v be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n as_o the_o liege_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o if_o any_o do_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o thereof_o be_v attaint_v that_o he_o be_v take_v and_o imprison_v and_o judge_v as_o a_o traitor_n and_o that_o hereafter_o there_o be_v no_o diversity_n of_o ligeance_n between_o the_o english_a bear_v in_o ireland_n and_o the_o english_a bear_v in_o england_n but_o that_o all_o be_v call_v and_o repute_v english_a and_o the_o liege_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n etc._n etc._n this_o law_n be_v make_v only_o to_o reform_v the_o degenerate_a english_a but_o there_o be_v no_o care_n take_v for_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o mere_a irish_a no_o ordinance_n no_o provision_n make_v for_o the_o abolish_n of_o their_o barbarous_a custom_n and_o manner_n insomuch_o as_o the_o law_n then_o make_v for_o apparel_n and_o ride_v in_o saddle_n after_o the_o english_a fashion_n be_v penal_a only_o to_o english_a man_n and_o not_o to_o the_o irish_a but_o the_o roman_a state_n which_o conquer_v so_o many_o nation_n both_o barbarous_a and_o civil_a conquer_v and_o therefore_o know_v by_o experience_n the_o best_a and_o ready_a way_n of_o make_v a_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a conquest_n refuse_v not_o to_o communicate_v their_o law_n to_o the_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a people_n who_o they_o have_v conquer_a neither_o do_v they_o put_v they_o out_o of_o their_o protection_n after_o they_o have_v once_o submit_v themselves_o but_o contrariwise_o it_o be_v say_v of_o julius_n caesar_n quâ_fw-la vicit_fw-la victos_fw-la protegit_fw-la ille_fw-la manu_fw-la and_o again_o of_o another_o emperor_n fecisti_fw-la patriam_fw-la diversis_fw-la gentibus_fw-la unam_fw-la profuit_fw-la invitis_fw-la te_fw-la dominante_fw-la capi_fw-la dumque_fw-la offer_v victis_fw-la proprii_fw-la consortia_fw-la juris_fw-la urbem_fw-la fecisti_fw-la quod_fw-la priùs_fw-la orbis_fw-la erat_fw-la and_o of_o rome_n itself_o haec_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la gremium_fw-la vict_v os_fw-la quae_fw-la sola_fw-la recepit_fw-la humanumque_fw-la genus_fw-la communi_fw-la nomine_fw-la fovit_fw-la matris_fw-la non_fw-la domine_fw-la ritu_fw-la civesque_fw-la vocavit_fw-la quos_fw-la domuit_fw-la nexusque_fw-la pio_fw-la longinqua_fw-la revinxit_fw-la agricolae_fw-la therefore_o as_o tacitus_n write_v julius_n agricola_n the_o roman_a general_n in_o britain_n use_v this_o policy_n to_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o our_o ancestor_n the_o ancient_a britain_n they_o be_v say_v he_o rude_a and_o disperse_v and_o therefore_o prone_a upon_o every_o occasion_n to_o make_v war_n but_o to_o induce_v they_o by_o pleasure_n to_o quietness_n and_o rest_n he_o exhort_v they_o in_o private_a and_o give_v they_o help_n in_o common_a to_o build_v temple_n house_n and_o place_n of_o public_a resort_n the_o nobleman_n son_n he_o take_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o liberal_a science_n etc._n etc._n prefer_v the_o wit_n of_o the_o britain_n before_o the_o student_n of_o france_n as_o be_v now_o curious_a to_o attain_v the_o eloquence_n of_o the_o roman_a language_n whereas_o they_o late_o reject_v that_o speech_n after_o that_o the_o roman_a attire_n grow_v to_o be_v in_o account_n and_o the_o gown_n to_o be_v in_o use_n among_o they_o and_o so_o by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o proceed_v to_o curiosity_n and_o delicacy_n in_o building_n and_o furniture_n of_o household_n in_o bath_n and_o exquisite_a banquet_n and_o so_o be_v come_v to_o the_o height_n of_o civility_n they_o be_v thereby_o bring_v to_o a_o absolute_a subjection_n likewise_o our_o norman_a conqueror_n law_n though_o he_o oppress_v the_o english_a nobility_n very_o sore_o and_o give_v away_o to_o his_o servitor_n the_o land_n and_o possession_n of_o such_o as_o do_v oppose_v his_o first_o invasion_n though_o he_o cause_v all_o his_o act_n of_o counsel_n to_o be_v publish_v in_o french_a and_o some_o legal_a proceed_n and_o plead_n to_o be_v frame_v and_o use_v in_o the_o same_o tongue_n as_o a_o mark_n and_o badge_n of_o a_o conquest_n yet_o he_o govern_v all_o both_o english_a and_o norman_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o law_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o england_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n neither_o do_v he_o deny_v any_o english_a man_n that_o submit_v himself_o unto_o he_o the_o benefit_n of_o that_o law_n though_o it_o be_v against_o a_o norman_a of_o the_o best_a rank_n and_o in_o great_a favour_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o notable_a controversy_n between_o warren_n the_o norman_a and_o sherburne_n of_o sherburne_n castle_n in_o norfolk_n norfolk_n for_o the_o conqueror_n have_v give_v that_o castle_n to_o warren_n yet_o when_o the_o inheritor_n thereof_o have_v allege_v before_o the_o king_n that_o he_o never_o boar_n arm_n against_o he_o that_o he_o be_v his_o subject_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o and_o that_o he_o do_v inherit_v and_o hold_v his_o land_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o law_n which_o the_o king_n have_v establish_v among_o all_o his_o subject_n the_o king_n give_v judgement_n against_o warren_n and_o command_v that_o sherborne_n shall_v hold_v his_o land_n in_o peace_n by_o this_o mean_n himself_o obtain_v a_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n within_o few_o year_n whereas_o if_o he_o have_v cast_v all_o the_o english_a out_o of_o his_o protection_n and_o hold_v they_o as_o alien_n and_o enemy_n to_o the_o crown_n the_o norman_n perhaps_o may_v have_v spend_v as_o much_o time_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n as_o the_o english_a have_v spend_v in_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n the_o like_a prudent_a course_n have_v be_v observe_v in_o reduce_v of_o wales_n welshman_n which_o be_v perform_v partly_o by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o altogether_o finish_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o for_o we_o find_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o rutland_n make_v the_o 12._o of_o edward_n the_o first_o when_o the_o welshman_n have_v submit_v themselves_o de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o basso_n to_o that_o king_n he_o do_v not_o reject_v and_o cast_v they_o off_o as_o outlaw_n and_o enemy_n but_o cause_v their_o law_n and_o custom_n to_o be_v examine_v which_o be_v in_o many_o point_v agreeable_a to_o the_o irish_a or_o brehon_n law_n quibus_fw-la diligenter_fw-la auditis_fw-la &_o plenius_fw-la intellectis_fw-la quasdam_fw-la illarum_fw-la say_v the_o king_n in_o that_o ordinance_n consilio_fw-la procerum_fw-la delevimus_fw-la quasdam_fw-la permissimus_fw-la quasdam_fw-la correximus_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la quasdam_fw-la alius_fw-la adjiciendas_fw-la &_o faciend_n decrevimus_fw-la and_o so_o establish_v a_o commonwealth_n among_o they_o according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o english_a government_n after_o this_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sundry_a insurrection_n of_o the_o baron_n the_o war_n in_o france_n and_o the_o dissension_n between_o the_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n the_o state_n of_o england_n neglect_v or_o omit_v the_o execution_n of_o this_o statute_n of_o rutland_n so_o as_o a_o great_a part_n of_o wales_n grow_v wild_a and_o barbarous_a again_o and_o therefore_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27._o and_o 32._o of_o his_o reign_n do_v revive_v and_o recontinue_v that_o noble_a work_n begin_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o bring_v it_o indeed_o to_o full_a perfection_n for_o he_o unite_v the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o divide_v it_o into_o shire_n and_o erect_v in_o every_o shire_n one_o burrough_n as_o in_o england_n and_o enable_v they_o to_o send_v knight_n and_o burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n establish_v a_o court_n of_o presidency_n and_o ordain_v that_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o gaol-delivery_n shall_v make_v their_o half_a year_n circuit_n there_o as_o in_o england_n make_v all_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o england_n in_o force_n there_o and_o among_o other_o welsh_a custom_n abolish_v that_o of_o gavelkinde_n whereby_o the_o heirs-females_a be_v utter_o exclude_v and_o the_o bastard_n do_v inherit_v as_o well_o as_o the_o legitimate_a which_o be_v the_o very_a irish_a gavelkinde_n by_o mean_n whereof_o that_o entire_a country_n in_o a_o short_a
among_o who_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v divide_v have_v be_v good_a hunter_n and_o have_v reduce_v the_o mountain_n bog_n and_o wood_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o forest_n chase_n and_o park_n assure_o the_o very_a forest_n law_n and_o the_o law_n de_fw-fr malefactoribus_fw-la in_o parcis_fw-la will_v in_o time_n have_v drive_v they_o into_o the_o plain_n and_o country_n inhabit_v and_o manure_v and_o have_v make_v they_o yield_v up_o their_o fast_a place_n to_o those_o wild_a beast_n which_o be_v indeed_o less_o hurtful_a and_o wild_a than_o they_o but_o it_o seem_v strange_a to_o i_o that_o in_o all_o the_o record_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o seldom_o find_v any_o mention_n make_v of_o a_o forest_n and_o never_o of_o any_o park_n or_o free-warren_n consider_v the_o great_a plenty_n both_o of_o vert_fw-fr and_o venison_n within_o this_o land_n and_o that_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n be_v descend_v of_o english_a race_n and_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v but_o one_o park_n store_v with_o deer_n in_o all_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v a_o park_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n near_o kilkenny_n it_o be_v then_o manifest_a by_o that_o which_o be_v before_o express_v that_o the_o not_o communicate_v of_o the_o english_a law_n to_o the_o irish_a the_o over_o large_a grant_n of_o land_n and_o liberty_n to_o the_o english_a the_o plantation_n make_v by_o the_o english_a in_o the_o plain_n and_o open_a country_n leave_v the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n to_o the_o irish_a be_v great_a defect_n in_o the_o civil_a policy_n and_o hinder_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o conquest_n very_o much_o howbeit_o notwithstanding_o these_o defect_n and_o error_n the_o english_a colony_n stand_v and_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o a_o reasonable_a good_a estate_n as_o long_o as_o they_o retain_v their_o own_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n according_a to_o that_o of_o ennius_n irish_a moribus_fw-la antiquis_fw-la res_fw-la stat_fw-la romana_fw-la virisque_fw-la but_o when_o the_o civil_a government_n grow_v so_o weak_a and_o so_o loose_a as_o that_o the_o english_a lord_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o english_a law_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n within_o their_o territory_n and_o signory_n but_o in_o place_n thereof_o both_o they_o and_o their_o people_n embrace_v the_o irish_a custom_n then_o the_o estate_n of_o thing_n like_o a_o game_n at_o irish_a be_v so_o turn_v about_o as_o the_o english_a which_o hope_v to_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o the_o irish_a be_v by_o they_o perfect_o and_o absolute_o conquer_v because_o victi_fw-la victoribus_fw-la leges_fw-la dedere_fw-la a_o just_a punishment_n to_o our_o nation_n that_o will_v not_o give_v law_n to_o the_o irish_a when_o they_o may_v and_o therefore_o now_o the_o irish_a give_v law_n to_o they_o therefore_o this_o defect_n and_o fail_v of_o the_o english_a justice_n in_o the_o english_a colony_n and_o the_o induce_n of_o the_o irish_a custom_n in_o lieu_n thereof_o be_v the_o main_a impediment_n that_o do_v arrest_v and_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o conquest_n and_o be_v the_o only_a mean_a that_o enable_v the_o irishry_a to_o recover_v their_o strength_n again_o custom_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o irish_a custom_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o people_n which_o do_v use_v they_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v rebel_n to_o all_o good_a government_n destroy_v the_o commonwealth_n wherein_o they_o live_v and_o bring_v barbarism_n and_o desolation_n upon_o the_o rich_a and_o most_o fruitful_a land_n of_o the_o world_n nation_n for_o whereas_o by_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o other_o well-governed_a kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n murder_n manslaughter_n rape_n robbery_n and_o theft_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n by_o the_o irish_a custom_n or_o brehon_n law_n the_o high_a of_o these_o offence_n be_v punish_v only_o by_o fine_a which_o they_o call_v a_o ericke_a therefore_o when_o sir_n william_n fitz-williams_n be_v lord_n deputy_n cause_n tell_v maguyre_v that_o he_o be_v to_o send_v a_o sheriff_n into_o fermannagh_n be_v late_o before_o make_v a_o county_n your_o sheriff_n saâ—d_n maguyre_v shall_v be_v welcome_a to_o i_o but_o let_v i_o know_v his_o ericke_n or_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n afore_o hand_n that_o if_o my_o people_n cut_v it_o off_o i_o may_v cut_v the_o ericke_a upon_o the_o country_n as_o for_o oppression_n extortion_n and_o other_o trespass_n the_o weak_a have_v never_o any_o remedy_n against_o the_o strong_a whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o no_o man_n can_v enjoy_v his_o life_n his_o wife_n his_o land_n or_o good_n in_o safety_n if_o a_o mighty_a man_n than_o himself_o have_v a_o appetite_n to_o take_v the_o same_o from_o he_o wherein_o they_o be_v little_o better_a than_o cannibal_n who_o do_v hunt_v one_o another_o and_o he_o that_o have_v most_o strength_n and_o swiftness_n do_v eat_v and_o devour_v all_o his_o fellow_n again_o in_o england_n and_o all_o well_o order_v common-weaâ—s_a man_n have_v certain_a estate_n in_o their_o land_n and_o possession_n and_o their_o inheritance_n descend_v from_o father_n to_o son_n whâ—ch_n do_v give_v they_o encouragement_n to_o build_v and_o to_o plant_v and_o to_o improve_v their_o land_n and_o to_o make_v they_o better_o for_o their_o posterity_n but_o by_o the_o irish_a custom_n of_o tanistry_n tanistry_n the_o chieftane_n of_o every_o country_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o every_o sept_n have_v no_o long_a estate_n than_o for_o life_n in_o their_o cheefeâ—ies_n the_o inheritance_n whereof_o do_v â—est_n in_o no_o man_n and_o these_o cheefery_n though_o they_o have_v some_o portion_n of_o land_n allot_v unto_o they_o do_v consist_v chief_o in_o cut_n and_o coshery_n and_o other_o irish_a exaction_n whereby_o they_o do_v spoil_v and_o impoverish_v the_o people_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o when_o their_o chieftanes_n be_v dead_a their_o son_n or_o next_o heir_n do_v not_o succeed_v they_o but_o their_o taniste_n who_o be_v elective_a and_o purchase_v their_o election_n by_o strong_a hand_n and_o by_o the_o irish_a custom_n of_o gavelkinde_n gavel-kind_n the_o inferior_a tennanties_n be_v partible_a among_o all_o the_o male_n of_o the_o sept_n both_o bastard_n and_o legitimate_a and_o after_o partition_n make_v if_o any_o one_o of_o the_o sept_n have_v die_v his_o portion_n be_v not_o divide_v among_o his_o son_n but_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o sept_n make_v a_o new_a partition_n of_o all_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o that_o sept_n and_o give_v every_o one_o his_o part_n according_a to_o his_o antiquity_n custom_n these_o two_o irish_a custom_n make_v all_o their_o possession_n uncertain_a be_v shuffle_v and_o change_v and_o remove_v so_o often_o from_o one_o to_o another_o by_o new_a election_n and_o partition_n which_o uncertainty_n of_o estate_n have_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o such_o desolation_n and_o barbarism_n in_o this_o land_n as_o the_o like_a be_v never_o see_v in_o any_o country_n that_o profess_v the_o name_n of_o christ_n for_o though_o the_o irishry_n be_v a_o nation_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o want_v neither_o wit_n nor_o valour_n and_o though_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n above_o 1200_o year_n since_o and_o be_v lover_n of_o music_n poetry_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n and_o possess_v a_o land_n abound_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o civil_a life_n of_o man_n yet_o which_o be_v strange_a to_o be_v relate_v they_o do_v never_o build_v any_o house_n of_o brick_n or_o stone_n some_o few_o poor_a religious_a house_n except_v before_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o though_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o this_o island_n for_o many_o hundred_o year_n before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n attempt_v by_o the_o english_a albeit_o when_o they_o see_v we_o build_v castle_n upon_o their_o border_n they_o have_v only_o in_o imitation_n of_o we_o erect_v some_o few_o pile_n for_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o country_n yet_o i_o dare_v bold_o say_v that_o never_o any_o particular_a person_n either_o before_o or_o since_o do_v build_v any_o stone_n or_o brick_n house_n for_o his_o private_a habitation_n but_o such_o as_o have_v late_o obtain_v estate_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n neither_o do_v any_o of_o they_o in_o all_o this_o time_n plant_v any_o â—_z or_o orchard_n enclose_v or_o improve_v their_o land_n live_v together_o in_o settled_a village_n or_o town_n nor_o make_v any_o provision_n for_o posterity_n which_o be_v against_o all_o common_a sense_n and_o reason_n must_v needs_o be_v impute_v to_o those_o unreasonable_a custom_n which_o make_v their_o estate_n so_o uncertain_a and_o transitory_a in_o their_o possession_n for_o who_o will_v plant_v or_o improve_v or_o build_v upon_o that_o land_n which_o a_o stranger_n who_o he_o know_v not_o
shall_v possess_v after_o his_o death_n for_o that_o as_o solomon_n note_v be_v one_o of_o the_o strange_a vanity_n under_o the_o sun_n and_o thâ—s_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o ulster_n and_o all_o the_o irish_a country_n be_v find_v so_o waste_v and_o desolate_a at_o this_o day_n and_o so_o will_v they_o continue_v till_o the_o world_n end_n if_o these_o custom_n be_v not_o abolish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n again_o that_o irish_a custom_n of_o gavil-kinde_n do_v breed_v another_o mischief_n for_o thereby_o every_o man_n be_v bear_v to_o land_n as_o well_o bastard_n as_o legitimate_a they_o all_o hold_v themselves_o to_o be_v gentleman_n and_o though_o their_o portion_n be_v never_o so_o small_a and_o themselves_o never_o so_o poor_a for_o gavelkinde_n must_v needs_o in_o the_o and_o make_v a_o poor_a gentility_n yet_o do_v they_o scorn_v to_o descend_v to_o husbandry_n or_o merchandise_n or_o to_o learn_v any_o mechanical_a art_n or_o science_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o there_o be_v never_o any_o corporate_a town_n erect_v in_o the_o irish_a country_n as_o for_o the_o maritime_a city_n and_o town_n most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v build_v and_o people_v by_o the_o oostmen_n or_o easterling_n for_o the_o native_n of_o ireland_n never_o perform_v so_o good_a a_o work_n as_o to_o build_v a_o city_n beside_o these_o poor_a gentleman_n be_v so_o affect_v unto_o their_o small_a portion_n of_o land_n as_o they_o rather_o choose_v to_o live_v at_o home_n by_o theft_n extortion_n and_o cosher_z than_o to_o seek_v any_o better_a fortune_n abroad_o which_o increase_v their_o sept_n or_o surname_n into_o such_o number_n as_o theâ—e_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n so_o many_o gentleman_n of_o one_o blood_n family_n and_o surname_n as_o there_o be_v of_o the_o oneal_n in_o ulster_n of_o the_o bourks_n in_o conaght_n of_o the_o geraldineâ—_n and_o butler_n in_o munster_n and_o leinster_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o inferior_a blood_n and_o family_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o time_n of_o trouble_n and_o dissension_n that_o they_o make_v great_a party_n and_o faction_n adhere_v one_o to_o another_o with_o much_o constancy_n because_o they_o be_v tie_v together_o vinculo_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la whereas_o rebel_n and_o malefactor_n which_o be_v tie_v to_o their_o leader_n by_o no_o band_n either_o of_o duty_n or_o blood_n do_v more_o easy_o break_v and_o fall_v off_o one_o from_o another_o and_o beside_o their_o co-habitation_n in_o one_o country_n or_o territory_n give_v they_o opportunity_n sudden_o to_o assemble_v and_o conspire_v and_o rise_v in_o multitude_n against_o the_o crown_n and_o even_o now_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n we_o find_v this_o inconvenience_n that_o there_o can_v hardly_o be_v a_o indifferent_a trial_n have_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o subject_a or_o between_o party_n and_o party_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o general_a kindred_n and_o consanguinity_n but_o the_o most_o wicked_a and_o michievous_a custom_n of_o all_o other_o livery_n be_v that_o of_o coin_n and_o livery_n often_o before_o mention_v which_o consist_v in_o take_v of_o mans-meat_n horse-meat_n and_o money_n of_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n at_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o soldier_n who_o as_o the_o phrase_n of_o scripture_n be_v do_v eat_v up_o the_o people_n as_o it_o be_v bread_n for_o that_o he_o have_v no_o other_o entertainment_n this_o extortion_n be_v original_o irish_a for_o they_o use_v to_o lay_v bonaght_o upon_o their_o people_n and_o never_o give_v their_o soldier_n any_o other_o pay_n livery_n but_o when_o the_o english_a have_v learn_v it_o they_o use_v it_o with_o more_o insolency_n and_o make_v it_o more_o intolerable_a for_o this_o oppression_n be_v not_o temporary_a or_o limit_v either_o to_o place_n or_o time_n but_o because_o there_o be_v every_o where_o a_o continual_a war_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a and_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o country_n and_o every_o marcher_n make_v war_n and_o peace_n at_o his_o pleasure_n it_o become_v universal_a and_o perpetual_a and_o be_v indeed_o the_o most_o heavy_a oppression_n that_o ever_o be_v use_v in_o any_o christian_n or_o heathen_a kingdom_n and_o therefore_o vox_fw-la oppressorum_fw-la this_o cry_a sin_n do_v draw_v down_o as_o great_a or_o great_a plague_n upon_o ireland_n than_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o israelite_n do_v draw_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n for_o the_o plague_n of_o egypt_n though_o they_o be_v grievous_a be_v but_o of_o a_o short_a continuance_n but_o the_o plague_n of_o ireland_n last_v four_o hundred_o year_n together_o this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n do_v produce_v two_o notorious_a effect_n first_o it_o make_v the_o land_n waste_n next_o it_o make_v the_o people_n idle_a for_o irish_a when_o the_o husbandman_n have_v labour_v all_o the_o year_n the_o soldier_n in_o one_o night_n do_v consume_v the_o fruit_n of_o all_o his_o labour_n longique_fw-la perit_fw-la labour_n irrituâ—_n anni_fw-la have_v he_o reason_v then_o to_o manure_v the_o land_n for_o the_o next_o year_n or_o rather_o may_v he_o not_o complain_v as_o the_o shepherd_n in_o virgil_n impius_fw-la haec_fw-la tam_fw-la culta_fw-la novalia_fw-la mile_n habebit_fw-la barbarus_fw-la have_v segetes_fw-la en_fw-fr quo_fw-la discordia_fw-la cives_fw-la perduxit_fw-la miseros_fw-la en_fw-fr queis_fw-la consevimus_fw-la agros_fw-la and_o hereupon_o of_o necessity_n come_v depopulation_n banishment_n and_o extirpation_n of_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o subject_n and_o such_o as_o remain_v become_v idle_a and_o lookeâ—s_v on_o expect_v the_o event_n of_o those_o misery_n and_o eull_a time_n so_o as_o this_o extreme_a extortion_n and_o oppression_n have_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o idleness_n of_o this_o irish_a nation_n country_n and_o that_o rather_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n have_v choose_v to_o be_v beggar_n in_o foreign_a country_n than_o to_o manure_v their_o own_o fruitful_a land_n at_o home_n last_o people_n this_o oppression_n do_v of_o force_n and_o necessity_n make_v the_o irish_a a_o crafty_a people_n for_o such_o as_o be_v oppress_v and_o live_v in_o slavery_n be_v ever_o put_v to_o their_o shift_n ingenium_fw-la mala_fw-la saepe_fw-la movent_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o the_o oâ—d_a comedy_n of_o plantus_fw-la and_o terence_n the_o bondslave_n do_v always_o act_v the_o cunning_a and_o crafty_a part_n beside_o all_o the_o common_a people_n have_v a_o whine_a tune_n or_o accent_n in_o their_o speech_n news_n as_o if_o they_o do_v still_o smart_a or_o suffer_v some_o oppression_n and_o this_o idleness_n together_o with_o fear_n of_o imminent_a mischief_n which_o do_v continual_o hang_v over_o their_o head_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o irish_a be_v ever_o the_o most_o inquisitive_a people_n after_o news_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n as_o s._n paul_n himself_o make_v observation_n upon_o the_o people_n of_o athens_n that_o they_o be_v a_o idle_a people_n and_o do_v nothing_o but_o learn_v and_o tell_v news_n and_o because_o these_o news-carrier_n do_v by_o their_o false_a intelligence_n many_o time_n raise_v trouble_n and_o rebellion_n in_o this_o realm_n the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n do_v punish_v news-teller_n by_o the_o name_n of_o skelaghe_n with_o fine_a and_o ransom_n this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n be_v take_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o man_n of_o war_n but_o their_o irish_a exaction_n extort_a by_o the_o chieftain_n and_o tanist_n by_o colour_n of_o their_o barbarous_a seignory_n be_v almost_o as_o grievous_a a_o burden_n as_o the_o other_o coshering_n namely_o coshering_n which_o be_v visitation_n and_o progress_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o follower_n among_o his_o tenant_n wherein_o he_o do_v eat_v they_o as_o the_o english_a proverb_n be_v out_o of_o house_n and_o home_n sessing_n sessing_n of_o the_o kern_n of_o his_o family_n call_v kernety_n of_o his_o horse_n and_o horse-boy_n of_o his_o dog_n and_o dog-boy_n and_o the_o like_a and_o last_o cut_n cut_n tallage_n or_o spend_n high_a or_o low_o at_o his_o pleasure_n all_o which_o make_v the_o lord_n a_o absolute_a tyrant_n and_o the_o tenant_n a_o very_a slave_n and_o villain_n and_o in_o one_o respect_n more_o miserable_a than_o bondslave_n for_o common_o the_o bondslave_n be_v feed_v by_o his_o lord_n but_o here_o the_o lord_n be_v feed_v by_o his_o bondslave_n last_o there_o be_v two_o other_o custom_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o irishry_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o strong_a combination_n and_o faction_n do_v tend_v to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o one_o be_v foster_a the_o other_o gossipr_v both_o which_o have_v ever_o be_v of_o great_a estimation_n among_o this_o people_n than_o with_o any_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o christian_a world_n for_o foster_a i_o do_v never_o hear_v