and brought to ConstaÌ„tinople where it was eftsoones enterred Hir son the Emperour Constantine lyued tyll about the yeare of Christe .340 and then deceassed at Nicomedia in Asia 〈…〉 after he had ruled the Empire xxxj yeares and odde monethes We fynde not in the Romain writers of any greate sturre here in Britayne during his reigne more than that whiche the Britishe and Scottishe writers haue recorded so that after Traherne had reduced this land to quietnesse it may be supposed that the Brytons liued in reste vnder his gouernement and lykewyse after vnder his sonnes that succeeded him in the Empire till about the yeare .360 360. Harâ—… at what tyme the Picts and Scottes inuaded the south partes of the land as hereafter in place shall further appeare Also there is mencion made by writers of certaine godlie learned men whiche liued in offices in the Churche in these dayes as Restitutus bishop of London whiche wente ouer to the Synode holdeÌ„ at Arles in France and also one Kybius Corinnius that was son to Salomon duke of Cornewall and bishop of Anglesey and instructed the people whiche inhabited in the partes now called Northwales and them of Anglesey aforesayd verie diligently But now to speake somwhat of things chancing in Britain about this season as we find recorded by y e Romain writers some trouble was likely to haue grown vnto the Britons by receiuing certain men of warre that fled out of Italie into Britayn Marcelliâ—… lib. 1â—… Paâ—…â—…rie whom the Emperor Constantius would haue punished bycause they had takeÌ„ part with Maxentius his aduersarie Paulus a Spaniard and Notarie was sente ouer by him with coÌ„mission to make enquirie of them and to see them brought to light to answer their transgressions which Paulus began to deale roughly in the matter wherof he was called Caâ—…era and to rage against the Britons and partakers with the fugitiues in that they had receiued maynteyned them as he alledged Martinus liâ—…tenant but in the end being certified by Martinus the lieutenant of their innocencie and fearing least his extreme rigours mighte alienate the heartes of the inhabitauntes altogither and didde cause them to withdrawe their obedience from the Romaine Empire hee tourned the execution of hys furie from them vnto the Romaines and made hauocke of those whiche he suspected till the said Martinus fell at square with him and thinking on a tyme to kill him he drew his sword smote at him but such was his age weakenes y t he was not able to kil or giue him any deadly wound wherfore he turned y e point of his sword against himself so ended his life being conteÌ„ted rather to die than see his countreymen subiects of the empire so to be abused After this the said Paulus returned backe again into Italy froÌ„ wheÌ„ce he came after whose departure it was not long ere he also was slain and then al the Scots Picts sore disquieted the Romain subiects for the suppressing of whose attempts Lupicinus was sent ouer out of Gallia by Iulianus as shal be declared out of Amianus Marcellinus after wee haue firste shewed what we find written in our owne writers concerning the Scots Pictes who nowe began to robbe spoile the British inhabitants within the Romain prouinces here in this yle that euen in most outragious maner Maximianus or rather Maximus Betwixte him and the abouenamed Conan Meridoc duke of Cornwall chaunced strife and debate so that Conan got him into Scotlande and there purchasing ayde returned and coming ouer Humber wasted the countrey on eche side Maximianus therof hauing aduertisement reysed his power and went against him and so fighting with him diuers batayles sometime departed away with victorie and somtime with losse At length through mediation of frends a peace was accorded betwixt theÌ„ Finally this Maximianus or as the Romaine histories haue Maximus was by the souldioures chosen and proclaimed Emperour here in Britayne although some write that this was done in Spayn After he had taken vpon him the imperial dignitie vpon desire to haue enlarged his dominion Galfr. Mon. Fabian Caxton Mat. VVest The Britishe youth led forth of the realme by Maximianus hee assembled togyther all the chosen youthe of thys lande meete to doe seruice in the warres with the whiche hee passed ouer into Fraunce and there as our writers recorde he first subdued the countrey aunciently called Armorica slew in bataile the king therof called Imball This done he gaue y e country vnto Conan Meridock Britayne in France the whiche was there with hym to hold the same of him of the kings of great Britayne for euer He also commaunded that the sayde countrey from thenceforth should be called Little Britaine and so was the name changed What people so euer inhabited there before the ancient name argueth that they were rather Britons than anye other for Armorica in the Britishe tong signifieth as muche as a countrey lying vpon the sea Conan then placing himself and his Britons in y t quarter of Gallia auoyded all the old inhabitaÌ„ts peopling y e couÌ„try only w t BritoÌ„s which abhorring to ioyn themselues with women born in Gallia Conan was counsailed to sende into Britayn for maydes to be coupled with his people in mariage Dionethus duke of Cornvvall Herevpon a messenger was dispatched vnto Dionethus at that tyme Duke of Cornewal gouernor of Britayn vnder Maximianus Maydes sente foorth requiring him to sende ouer into little Britaine .xj. thousand maydes that is to witte viij M. to be bestowed vpon the meaner forte of Conans people and .iij. thousand to be ioyned in mariage with the nobles and Gentlemen Dronethus to satisfie the Conans request assembled the appoynted number of maydes and amongst them he also appointed his daughter Vrsula a lady of excelleÌ„t beautie to go ouer to be giuen in mariage vnto the foresayd Conan Meridock as he had earnestly requested These number of maydes were shipped in Thames and passing forewarde toward Britayne were by force of wether and rage of winde scattered abrode and part of them drowned Vrsula the daughter of Dionethus the residue amongst whom was the forsayd Vrsula were slayn by Guanius king of the Hunnes and Melga king of the Picts into whose hands they fell the which Guanius and Melga were sent by the emperor Gratian to the sea coasts of Germanye to oppresse subdue all such as were frendes maynteyners of the part of Maximus We fynde in some bookes that there were sent ouer at that tyme .lj. M. maydes that is to say xj M. of Gentlewomen and .xl. M. of others After that Guanius and Melga had murthered the foresayd Virgins Guanius and Melga they entred into the north partes of Britayn where the Scots now inhabite and beganne to make sore warre on the Britons whereof when Maximus was aduertised hee sente into Britayne one Gratianus with three Legions of Souldiours the whiche bare
of Aurelius Ambrosius and about the yeare of oure Lord .482 But other write 482 that it did begin about the .30 yeare after the firste comming of Hengist which should be two yeares sooner William Harrison differing from al other noteth it to begin in the fourth yeare after y e death of Hengist .4458 of the worlde .2 of the .317 Olympiad .1243 of Rome .492 of Christe and .43 after the comming of the Saxons his words are these Ella erecteth the Kingdome of the South Saxons in the 1â—… after his arriuall and raigned 32. yeares the chiefe Citie of his Kingdome also was Chichester after her had enioyed the fame his Kingdome awhile he ouerthrew y e Citie called Andredescester whiche as then was taken for one of the most famous in all the South side of England For my parte I thinke my dutie discharged if I shew the opinions of y e writers for if I should thereto adde mine owne I should but increase coniectures whereof already we haue superfluous store To proceede therfore as I fynde About the ninth yeare after the comming of Elle the Britaynes perceyuing that he with hys Saxons still enlarged the boundes of his Lordship by entring further into the lande assembled themselues togither vnder their Kings and Rulers and gaue battell to Elle and his sonnes at Mecredesbourne where they departed with doutfull victory the armies on both sides being sore diminished and so returned to their homes Elle after this battell sente into his countrey for more ayde But nowe touching Hengist which as yre haue hearde reigned as King in the prouince of Kente the writers of the Englishe Kings varie somewhat from the Brittishe histories bothe in reporte of the battels by him foughte againste the Britaynes and also for the manner of his deathe as thus After that Vortimerus was dead which departed this life as some write in the first yeare of the Emperour Leo surnamed the greate Policron and first of that name that gouerned the Empire who began to rule in the yeare of our Lorde .457 457 wee fynde that Hengist and his sonne Occa or Osta gathered their people togither that were before sparkled H. Hunt and hauing also receyued new ayde out of Germany VV. Mal. fought with y e Britaynes at a place called Crekenforde Creysourd wher were slayne of the Britaynes foure Dukes or Captaynes and foure thousand of other men Britaynes ouerthrowen and the residue were chased by Hengist out of Kent vnto London so that they neuer returned afterwards againe into KeÌ„t and so the Kingdome of Kent began vnder Hengist the twelfth yeare after the comming of the Saxons into Britayne and Hengist raigned in Kent after this as the same writers agree foure and twentie yeares Polychron It is remembred that those Germanes whiche lately were come ouer to the ayde of Hengist beeing chosen men mightie and strong of body with their axes and swords made great slaughter of the Britaynes in that battell at Crekenford or Creyforde whiche Britaynes were aranged in foure battayles vnder their aforesayd foure Dukes or Captaynes and were as before is mentioned slayne in the same battel H. Hunt About the sixth yere of the sayd Emperour Leo which was in the .17 yeare after the comming of the Saxons VVipers field Mat. VVest This battell was fought anno .473 as the same Mat. VVest noteth Wipet Hen. Hunt Hengist and his sonne Occa or Osca fought at Wyptishe fielde in Kent neere to a place called Tong with the Britaynes slewe of them twelue Dukes or Captaynes and on the parte of the Saxons was slayne besyde common Souldiers but onely one Captayne that highte Vipet of whome y e place after y t day tooke name This victory was nothing pleasaunte to the Saxons by reason of the great losse whiche they susteyned as well by the death of the sayd Vipet as of a greate number of others and so of a long time neyther did the Saxons enter into the confynes of the Britaynes nor the Britaynes presumed to come into Kent But whilest outward warres ceasse among the Britaynes they exercise ciuill battell falling togither by the eares among themselues one striuing against another Finally Hengist departed this life by course of nature Fortie yeares hath H. Hunt in the .39 yeare after his firste comming into Britayne hauing proceeded in his businesse no lesse with craft and guyle than with force and strength following therewith his natiue crueltie so that he rather did all things with rigoure than with gentlenesse By this it is euident that he was not driuen out of the lande after he had once got foote within it After him succeeded a sonne whiche hee left behinde him who beeing attentiue rather to defende than to enlarge his Kingdome neuer set foote out of his fathers boundes duryng the space of .24 yeares in the whiche hee raigned About three yeares after the decesse of Hengist a new supply of men of warre came out of Germany vnto the ayde of Elle King of Sussex Mat. VVest the which hauing his power so encreassed Hen. Hunt besieged the Citie of Andredescestre The Citie of Andredescestre which was very stroÌ„g well furnished with men all things necessary The Britaynes also assembling togither in companies greatly annoyed the Saxons as they lay there at siege laying ambushes to destroy suche as wente abrode and ceassing not to giue alarmes to the campe in the night season the Saxons could no sooner prepare themselues to giue the assault but the Britaynes were ready to assayle them on the backes till at length the Saxons deuiding themselues into two companies appoynted the one to giue the assault and the other to encounter with the army of the Britaynes without and so finally by that meanes preuayled tooke the Citie and destroyed manne woman and childe Neyther so contented they did also vtterly rase the sayde Citie so as it was neuer after that daye builded or reedified agayne The Kingdome of the Eastangles FVrthermore about y e yere of oure Lorde 495. Cerdic VVil. Mal. and in the eyght yeare after that Hengist was dead 495 one Cerdicus and his sonne Kenricus came out of Germany with fiue Shippes Fabian Policrus and landed at a place called Cerdiceore whiche as some thinke is nowe called Yermouth in Northfolke Hee was at the first receyued with battell by the Britaynes VVil. Mal. but beeing an olde skilfull warriour hee easily beate backe and repulsed the inconstante multitude of his enimies and caused them to flee by whyche good successe hee procured for the time to come both vndoubted assurance to himselfe and to the inhabitantes good and perfect quietnesse for they thinking good neuer after to prouoke him more by resistaÌ„ce submitted themselues to his pleasure but yet did not he then gyue himselfe to slouthful rest but rather extending his often atchieued victories on eache syde 〈…〉 foure and
twentith yeare after his comming into this land he obteyned the title of the West partes thereof and gouerned there as King so that the Kingdome of West Saxons began vnder the sayde 〈…〉 icus in the .519 519 of Christ as 〈…〉 shall be shewed Thus may yee see that if Aurelius Ambrosius did succeede after Vortigerne and raigned in the tyme supposed by the Brittish histories 〈◊〉 before is alledged the lande euen in his dayes was full of trouble and the olde inhabitauntes the Britaynes sore vexed by the Saxons that 〈…〉 ed the same so that the Britaynes dayly were hampered and brought vndersubiection to the valiante Saxons or else driuen to remoue further off and to giue place to the victorers But nowe to proceede with the succession of the Brittishe Kings as in their Histories wee fynde them registred whiche I delyuer suche as I fynde but not suche as I do wishe being written with no suche couloure of credite as we may safely put foorthe the same for an vndoubted truth Vter Pendragon AFter that Aurelius Ambrosius was dead his brother Vter Pendragon whome Harrison calleth Math. West noteth Aurelius Vterius Ambrosianus was made King in the yeare of our Lorde 500 500. in the seuenth yeare of the Emperour Anastasius and in the sixteene yeare of Clodoueus King of the Frenchmen The cause why hee was surnamed Pendragon was for that Merlyne the greate Prophete likened him to a Dragons head that at the tyme of his natiuitie maruellously appeared in the firmamente at the corner of a blasing Starre as is reported But Harrison supposeth that hee was so called of his wisedome and serpeÌ„tine subtiltie or for that he gaue the Dragons head in his Banner About the same time Vter departed out of this life saith Polydore so that his accompte agreeth nothing with the coÌ„mon accompte of those authors whom FabiaÌ„ and other haue folowed For either must we presuppose that Vter reigned before the time apointed to him by the said authors either else that the siege of Badon hill was before he began to reigne as it should seeme in deede by that which Wil. Malmsbury writeth therof as hereafter shal be also shewed Finally according to the agreemente of the Englishe writers Vter Pendragon died of poyson when he had gouerned this land by the ful terme of .16 yeres The deceasse of Vter Pendragon Stonchenge chorea gigantn was after buried dy his brother Aurelius at StonheÌ„g otherwyse called Chorea GigantuÌ„ leauing his son Arthur to succede him Here must ye not that the scottish chronicles declare that in al the warres for the more parte wherein the Britons obteyned victorie against the Saxons the Scots ayded them in the same warres and so likewyse did the Picts but the same chronicles do not only varie from the Brytish writers in accompt of yeres but also in the order of things done as in the same Chronicles more playnly may appere and namely in the discourse of the incideÌ„ts which chanced during the reign of this Vter For wher as the British histories as ye haue heard attribute great praise vnto the same Vter for his victories atchieued against the Saxons and theyr king Occa whom he slew in battaile and obteined a greate victorie the Scottishe writers make other report affirming in deed that by the preseÌ„ce of bishop Germane hee obteyned victorie in one battaile against them but shortly after the Britons fought again with the Saxons were discomfited although Occa in following the chase ouer rashly chaunced to be slaine after whose deceasse the Saxons ordeyned his sonnâ—… named also Occa to succeede in his place who to make himselfe strong against all his enimies sent into Germanie for one Colgerne the whiche with a greate power of Tentshmen came ouer into this our Britayne and conquered by Oâ—…s appointment the countrey of Northumberland situate betwene Tyne Tweede as in the Scottish chronicles it may further appeare Also this is to be remembred that the victorie which was got against the Saxons by the Brytons at what time Germane bishop of Aurerre was presente Hector Boetius affirmeth by the authoritie of Veremond that wrote y e Scottishe chronicles to haue chanced the secoÌ„d time of his coÌ„ming ouer into this lande where Beda anoncheth it to be at his first bring here Againe the same Boetius writeth that y e same victory chaÌ„ced in the dayes of Vter Pendragon whiche can not be if it be true that Beda writeth touchyng the tyme of y e death of y e sayd German for where he departed this life before the yere of oure Lorde 459. as aboue is noted Vter Pendragon began not his reigne till the yere of our Lord .500 475. sayth â—â— arison or as the same Hector Boetius hath .503 so that bishop Germane was dead long before that Vter began to reign In deede some writers haue noted that the third bataile which Vortimer sought against the Saxons was the same wherin S. Germane was present and procured the victorie with the crie of Alleluya as before ye haue heard whiche seemeth to be more agreeable to a truthe and to stand also with that which holie Bede hath writen touching the time of the beeing heere of the sayd German than the opinion of other whiche affirme that it was in the tyme of the reigne of Vter The like is to bee founde in the residue of Hector Boetius his booke touching the tyme specially of the reignes of the Brytish kings that gouerned Brytaine aboute that season For as he affirmeth Aurelius Ambrosius beganne his reigne in the yeare of our Lorde .498 and ruled but seuen yeres and then suceeded Vter whiche reigned .xviij. yeres and departed this life in the yeare of our Lorde .521 BVt here is to be remeÌ„bred that whatsoeuer the British writers haue recorded touching the victories of this Vter had against y e Saxos and how that Osca the sonne of Hengist should be slaine in battayle by him and his power In those olde writers whiche haue registred the Acts of the Englishe saxon kyngs wee fynde no suche matter but wee fynde that after the deceasse of Hengist hys sonne Osca or Occa reygned in Kente .24 yeares Osca 34. hath Henry Hnnt. in corrupted copies defendyng hys kyngdome onely and not seekyng to enlarge it as before is touched After whose death his sonne Oth and Irâ—…rike sonne to the same Oth succeeded more resemblyng their father than their grandfather or greate grandfather To their reignes are assigned fiftie and three yeares by the Chronicles but whether they reigned ioyntely together or seuerally a parte eyther after other it is not certaynly perceyued King Nazaleod perceiuing that the wing which Certicus ledde was of more strength than the other whiche Kenrike gouerned he set fyrst vpon Certicus thinking that if he might distresse that part of the enimies armie he should easily ouercome the other Mat. VVest Hen. Hunt Stuff and VVightgar Math. VVest noteth the yere of
themselues vowing and for the more parte lying Warring but maynteynyg ciuill and vniust warres pursuyng in deede theeues that are abroade in the countreye and yet not onely cherishyng those that sitte euen at table with them but also highly rewarding them giuing almes largely ▪ but on the other parte heaping vp a myghtie mount of synnes Sitting in the seate of sentence but seldom seeking the rule of rightuous iudgement despising the innocent and humble persons and exalting so farre as in them lyeth euen vp to the heauens the bloudy and proud murtherers theeues and adulterers yea the verye expresse enimies of God if he woulde so permitte keeping many in prison whom they oppresse in lodging them with yrons through crafte rather to serue their owne purpose than for any guilte of the persons so imprisoned takyng solemne othes afore the aultars and shortly after despising the same aulters as vile and filthie stones of whiche heynous and wicked offence Constantine the tyrannicall whelpe of the Lyonesse of Deuonshire is not ignorāt who this yeare after the receyuing of his dreadfull othe whereby he bounde himself that in no wise he should hurt his subiectes God fyrst and then his othe with the companie of Sainctes and his mother beeing there presente did notwithstanding in the reuerente laps of the two mothers as the Church their carnall mother vnder the coule of the holy Abbotte deuoure with sworde and speare instead of teeth the tender sides yea and the entrayles of two chyldren of noble and kyngly race and likewise of their two gouernours yea and that as I sayde amongest the sacred aultares the armes of whyche persones so slayne not stretched foorth to defend themselues with weapons the whyche fewe in those dayes handled more valyauntly than they but stretched foorth I saye to God and to his altare in the daye of Iudgemente shall lette vp theyr reuerente ensignes of their pacience and fayth at the gatrs of the Citie of Christe whyche so haue couered the seate of the Celestiall sacrifice as it were wyth the redde mantell of their cluttered bloud And these thinges he didde not after any good deedes doone by hym deseruyng prayse for manye yeares before ouercome wyth the often and chaungeable fylthes of adulterie forsakyng his lawfull wyfe contrarye to the Lawes of God c. hee nowe broughte foorthe thys cryme of quellyng hys owne kinsemenne and violatyng the Churche but neyther being lewsed from the snares of his former euyls he encreaseth the new with the olde Thus in effecte hathe Gildas written of thus Constantine with more for tourning his tale to him by way of calling to hym he reproueth him of his faultes and counselleth hym to repente Conanus Thys Aurelius Conanus as is recorded by some writers was of a noble hearte free and liberall but giuen muche to the mayntenaunce of stryfe and discorde amongst his people lyghte of credite and namely had an open eare to receiue and heare the reportes of suche as accused other Moreouer hee was noted of crueltie as hee that tooke his vncle who of righte shoulde haue bene kyng and kepte hym in pryson and not so satisfyed slewe in tyrannous manner the two sonnes of his sayde vncle Math. VVest writeth that he reigned .30 yeares But God woulde not suffer hym long to enioye the rule of the lande in suche vniust dealyng for he dyed after he hadde reigned the space of two yeares and left a sonne behynde hym called Vortiporus which succeeded him in the kingdom as authours do record Of this Aurelius Conanus Gildas writeth calling vnto him after he hath made an end with his predecessor Cōstantin in this wise saying And thou Lyons whelpe as sayeth the Prophet ▪ Aurelius Conanus what doest thou arte thou not swallowed vp in the fylthie myre of murthering thy kinsemen of committyng fornications and adulterers lyke to the other before mencioned if not more deadlye as it were wyth the waues and surges of the drenching seas ouerwhelmyng thee wyth hir vnmercyfull rage Doest thou not in hating the peace of thy countrey as a deadly serpente and thirstyng after ciuill warres and spoyles oftentymes vniustly gotten shutte vp agaynste thy soule the gates of celestiall peace and refreshement Thou being lefte alone as a wytheryng tree in the myddle of the fielde call to remembraunce I praye thee the vayne youthefull fantasy and ouertymely death of thy fathers and thy bretherne shalte thou being sette a parte and chosen foorth of all thy lynage for thy godly desertes bee reserued to ◅iue an hundred yeares or remayne on earthe tyll thou bee as olde as Mathusalem No no. And after these reprehēsions with further thretnyngs of Gods vengeaunce he exhorteth him to amendemente of life and so proceedeth to talke with Vortiporus whome he nameth the kyng or rather the tyraunt of Southwales as after shall be rehersed The beginning of the kingdom of Brenitia IN the yeare of oure Lord 547. Ida. which was about the firste yeare of the reygne of Aurelius Conanus 547. H. Hunt The kingdome of Brenitia beganne the kingdom of Brenitia began vnder a Saxon ruler there called Ida the whiche descended of Woden for where y e same Woden had three sonnes Weldecius Withlegris and Beldegius of the firste the kings of Kente were lyneally extracted of the seconde the kings of Mertia and of the thirde sonne came the kings of West saxon and also of him was this Ida descended being the nynth in lineall succession from the sayd Beldicius and the tenth from Woden The same Ida was vndoubtedly a right noble personage and chaunged fyrst that dukedom into a kyngdome where before that tyme the Saxons that ruled there were subiectes vnto the kings of Kente Whether he tooke vpon him of his owne accord to vsurpe the kingly title and royall authoritie or whether that the same was giuen to hym by consent of other the certayntie apeareth not But sure it is that he beyng a worthie Prince didde nothing degenerate from his noble auncestours inuincible in warre abrode and at home qualifying his kingly seueritie with a certayne naturall kinde of curteous humanitie The boundes of his kingdome called as is said Brenitia began in the south at the riuer of Tyne ended in the North at the Forth in Scotland in the Brytish tong called VVerd The kingdome of Deira beginneth H. Hunt The same Ida had by his wyfe sixe sonnes begot in lawfull bedde Ada Ebric Theodoric Athelric Mat. VVest Osmer and Theofred Moreouer he begat of certaine concubines which he kept sixe basta◅de sonnes Oga Aleric Ettha Osbalde Segor and Segother These came altogether into this land arriued at Flemesburk with fortie shippes as Matheus VVestmonasteriensis hath recorded The partition of the kingdome of Northumberlande chaunced after the decease of Ida as the same Author signifieth for Ada the sonne of the foresaid Ida succeded his father in the kingdom of Bernitia reignyng therein seuen yeares and Ella the sonne of Histria
to send vnto Rome euery yere three huÌ„dred Markes that is to wit one hundred Markes to S. Peters Churche Mancusa an other hundred Markes to S. Paules light and the third hundred markes to the Pope In his returne through Fraunce he married the Lady Iudith The Lady Iudith daughter to Charles y t Bald then K. of France and 〈◊〉 hir with him into his couÌ„trey placed hir by him in a chaiâ—…e of estate with which doing he 〈◊〉 so y t minds of his subiects bicause it was against the order tâ—…keÌ„ before time for the offence of 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 that his sonne Ethelbalde and â—…oâ—…lsâ—…an Bishoppe of Shireborne VVil. Malâ—… with Enwoulf Earle of Sommerset conspired to depose 〈…〉 his 〈◊〉 â—â—thoritie but by mediation of friendes the 〈◊〉 was taken vp and so ordrod that the kingdome was deuided betwixte the father and the son with such parcialitie that the sonne had the better parte lying Westward and the father was 〈◊〉 to conteâ—…ite himselfe with the East parte and the worst Of this trouble of Ethelwoulf Harrison writeth somewhat otherwise and after this manner word for word .857 Ethelwoulf K. of y e west Saxons beeing returned from Rome and y e parties beyond the Seas is prohibited the entraunce into his Realme by Alstone 〈◊〉 Shereborne Ethelbald his eldest sonne pretending outwardly his coronation of Alfride y e marriage of Iudith the French kings daughter and open eating with hir at the Table to be the only cause of this theyr manifest RebellioÌ„ Hitherto Harrison wherby he seemeth to inferre that this reuolting of Alstane and his son should proceede of the ambitious desire of Ethelbald to raigne and likely ynough or else this vnequall partition should neuer haue bin made But howsoeuer y e matter stoode K. Ethelwoulf liued not long after his returne froÌ„ Rome but departed this life after he hadde gouerned the kingdome of the West Saxons the space of â—…0 yeres and odde monethes His body was buryed at Winchester He left behind him â—… sonnes Ethelbald Ethelbert or Ethelbright Ethelred and Alfred or Alvred which were begotten of his first wife Osburga Only Westseâ—… hath Mat. W. and Simon Dunel sayth that Ethelbright land Sussex also and so doth Hen. Hunt A little before his death hee made his Testament last will appointing his son Ethelbald to succeede him in the whele regiment of his kingdomes of Westsex and Sussex which he held by inheritance but the kingdomes of Kente Essex he assigned to his son Ethelbright About the same time also the Danes soiourned all the Winter season in the Isle of Skeepey Bertwolf King of Mercia After Wightlafe K. of Mercia one Bertwolf raigned as tributary to y e West Saxons y t space of .12 yeres about y e ende of which tearme he was chased out of y t countrey by the Danes theÌ„ one Burthred was made K. of that kingdome Math West saith tâ—…e daughter Ran. Cestren Iohn Cap. which married Ethelswida y e sister of Ethelwoulf K. of West Saxons In this season one Modwine a virgin in Ireland was greatly renowmed in the world vnto whom the forenamed K. Ethelwolf sent his son Alvred to be cured of a sore disease y t was thoughte incurable but by hir meanes her recouered healthe and therefore when hir Monasterie was destroyed in Ireland Modwen came ouer into England vnto whome K. Ethelwolfe gaue land to build two Abbeyes and also deliuered vnto hir his sister Edith to bee professed a Nunne Modwen herevpon built two Monasteries one at Poule sworth ioyning to the boundes of Arderne wherin she placed the foresaid Edith with Osyth and Athea the other whether it was a Monasterie or cell she founded in Strenâ—…shall or Trentsall where she hir selfe remained solitary a certain time in praier and other vertuous exercises And as it is reported shee went thrice to Rome finally dyed being .130 yeres of age Hir body was firste buried in an iland compassed about with the Riuer of Trent called Andresey taking that name of a Church or Chappell of S. Androw which she had builte in the same Iland and dwelled therein for the space of seuen yeares Many Monasteries she built both in Englande as partly aboue is mentioned and also in Scotland as at Striuelius Edenbrough and in Ireland at Cellestlâ—…ne and else where Ethelbald and Ethelbright Ethelhald Ethelbright EThelbalde Ethelbright deuiding theyr fathers Kyngdome betwixte them began to raigne Ethelbalde ouer the West Saxons and the South Saxons Ethelbrighte ouer them of Kent and Essex in the yere of our Lorde 857. which was in the second yere of the Emperour Lewes the secoÌ„d 857 and the .17 of Charles surnamed Calvus or the bald K. of Fraunce and about the first yere of Donald y e fifth of that name K. of the Scottes The vnlawfull marriage of Ethelbalde VVil. Malm. The said Ethelbald greatly to his reproche tooke to wife his mother in lawe Q. Iudith or rather as some write his own mother whome his father had kept to concubine He liued not past fiue yeres in gouernement of the Kyngdome but was taken out of this life to the greate sorow of his subiects whome he ruled right worthily and so as they had him in great loue and estimatioÌ„ Then his brother Ethelbright tooke vppon him the rule of the whole gouerning as well ouer the West Saxons and them of Sussex as ouer the Kentishmen and them of Essex In his dayes the Danes came a land and destroyed the Citie of Winchester Hen. Hunt Winchester desâ—…royed by Danes but Duke Osrike with them of Hamshire and Duke Adelwolf with the Barkshire men gaue the enimies battel and vanquishing them 〈…〉 slew of them a great nuÌ„ber In the fifth yeare of Ethelbrightes raigne a nauie of the Danes ariued at the Isle of Tenet vnto whome when the Kentishmen had promised a summe of money to haue a truce graunted for a time the Danes one night before the tearme of that truce was expired brake foorth and wasted all the East part of Kent wherevppon the Kentishmen assembling togither made towards those truâ—…ebreakers and caused them to depart out of y e countrey The same yere after that Ethelbrighte had ruled wel peaceably the West Saxons fiue yeres and the KentishmeÌ„ ten yeres he ended this life and was buried at Shireborne as his brother Ethelbald was before him Ethelred This Ethelred was in tyme of peace a most curteous prince and one y t by all kinde of meanes sought to winne y e harts of his people but abroade in the warres he was sharp and sterne as he that vnderstood what apperteined to good order so that he would suffer no offence to escape vnpunished By whiche meanes he was famous both in peace and warre but hee neither liued any long time in the gouernment nor yet was suffered to passe the short while that he raigned in rest or quietnesse for wher as he
out of this life in the beginning of the yeare next following all that purueyance and great preparation was dashed and came to none effect The same day that Acho deceassed that is to wit the .xxj. day of Ianuary Alexander Prince of Scotland as eldest sonne to the king is borne Alexander Prince of Scotlande the eldest sonne of King Alexander whiche hee begotte on his wyfe Queene Margaret the syster of Henrie King of Englande was borne to the great reioysing of the people For the people conceiued double ioy and gladnesse hereof bycause that both a newe Prince was borne and that enimie dead which sought the destruction of the whole Realme After the deceasse of king Acho his sonne Magnus succeeded him a fight faythfull prince and one that had the feare of God before his eies In the seconde yeare of his raigne he sent his Ambassadours of whome the chiefe was the Chauncelor of Norway vnto king Alexander Ambassadours sent froÌ„ Magnus king of Norway to K. Alexander whome they found at Saint Iohns towne and there signified to him that king Magnus theyr maister would willingly giue ouer all his tytle right and clayme vnto Arrane and Bute so that the residue of the Iles might remaine in quiet possession of him and his successours in tyme coÌ„ming Herevnto was answere made by K. Alexander that the Iles by right of olde inheritance perteined vnto him and his progenitors kings of Scotland and therefore he might not make any agreement with the Danes or Norwegians til he had recouered the ful possession of y e same Iles. In time of the trouble betwixt the scenes of Malcolm CaÌ„more and their vncle Donald Bane Magnus K of Norway the son of Olaue subdued these Iles. The Ambassadors being dispatched and sent away with this answere incontinently Alexander Stewart of Pasley and Iohn Cumyn were sent with an armie ouer into Man which Isle they then recouered though not without bloud forth of the handes of the Danes and Norwegians who had kept the same in possession nowe for the space of 167. yeares passed but not without some alteration and trouble as may appeare by the annales of Richard Southwell Ri. Southwel a writer as should seme wel instructed in matters aswel touching Scotland and the North partes as also concerning the state of the out Iles. And therfore that the same maye the better appeare to the Readers I haue thought it not impertinent to set downe what I haue read in the same Southwell touching the kings or rather viceroyes of Man and those Iles which for a season as shuld seeme in deede were substituted by the kings of â–ª Norway although it may also appeare that somtime there was a certaine succession in them as from the father to the sonne and from the brother to the brother c. in maner as if it had beene by way of inheritance In the dayes of king Iohn therfore as saith the foresayd Southwel one Guthred raigned as king in Man Guthred king of Man Reginald 1226. Olaue or Olanus 1220. 〈◊〉 Insule Sodorenses And in the yeare 1228. one Reginald being king of those Iles was murthered by wicked persons and theÌ„ his brother Olaue raigned in his place In the yeare 1230. the King of Norwaye appoynted one Husbac the sonne of Osmond surnamed Hacon to gouerne the sayd Iles called Sodorenses that is to meane the I le of Man the other Iles there abou ts the coasts of Scotlande Olaeus and Godredus the which Husbac togither with other two Captaynes Olaue and Godred surnamed Don came by sea and arryued at Bute Bute where they wanne the Castell but Husbac was slaine with a stone that was throwne downe vpon him Husbac slaine And then after this the foresayde Olaue and Godred came vnto the I le of Man where they deuided the Kingdome of the Iles betwixt them Olauus and Godredus deuide the kingdome of the Iles betwixt them so as Olaue had Man alotted to him for his part and Godred the other Iles. But after that Godred was also slain Olaus gouerned both in Man and in all the other Iles 〈◊〉 excepted which the sonnes of Somerleid hold â—…s possessionâ—… In the yeare 1237. 1237. Alane in the moneth of May. Alane king of Man the sonne of Godred and brother to Reginald Harolde departed this hee after whose deâ—…easse his sonne Harolde succeded him raigned .xij. yeares being but .xiiij. yeares of age wheÌ„ he began his raigne In the yere 1247. Haco king of Norway sent for Harolde king of Man to come vnto his coronation 1247. Harold passeth into Norway Who comming thither was honorably receyued Is drowned in his returne obteyned king Hacons daughter in mariage but as he returned from thence in the yeare 1249. 1249. Reginald Ne began to raigne the sixt of May. togither with his wife they perished in the seas by a tempest on the coastes of iâ—â—Iâ—â—land Then succeeded his brother Reginald who raigned but .xxvij. dayes for he was slain the first of Iune the same yeare by the seruants of a knight called Yuarus Yuarus Harald Then Harald the son of Godred Don gouerned Man one yere being remoued by the king of Norway and after him Magnus the son of Olaue began his raigne ouer Man and the other Iles Magnus by consent of the Manske men themselues But in the yere 1254. one Yuarus was ordeyned king 1254. Yuarus or rather viceroy of those Iles and gouerned the same tyll the foresaid Magnus king of Norway resigned his tytle to all the sayd Iles vnto K. Alexander as ye haue heard who placed his Lieutenants there of whoÌ„ the first hight Godred mac Mares Lieutenant or Baylifâ—â— of the I le of Man vnder the Scots the secoÌ„d Alane And after him Maurice Okarefair succeeded and then folowed one that was the kings Chaplain For the time of the resignatioÌ„ made I followe Hector Boetius by reason of some contrarietie which appeareth in Southwel in the accouÌ„t of the yeares assigned to the raignes of those Iland kings if you coÌ„ferre the same with the time of the foresayd resignation But now to the matter the lieutenant appointed to haue the rule of those yles now y t they wer thus come into the handes of the Scots was bound by his office to be redy with .xiij. ships and .v. C. mariners to come to the ayd of the Scots at al times wheÌ„ he should therto be required After this were the erles of Athol Carik March AlexaÌ„der Stewart w t the Thanes of Argile Lennos The westerne Iles recouered out of the handes of the Norwegians sent w t a puissaÌ„t army vnto the other of y e western Iles the which those that were greatest they brought with much ado vnder the obeysance of the crowne of Scotland the residue submitted themselues Magnus King of Norway informed hereof The Chancelor of Norway ambassador
heard or in Saint Giles Church in Edenburgh as â—…her write the three estates were called to asseÌ„ble in Edenburgh where the Queene was Crowned and the Parliamente holden the most parte of the Lordes remayning still in Edenburgh all the next winter And in the Sommer following 1470 the king and Queene made their progresse into the Northe partes and were honorably receyued in the principall cities and townes where they â—…ame â—… likewise by the Nobles of the countrey to the greate reioycing of the whole Realme After their â—…eturning to Edenburgh â–ª the king called a Parliament in the moneth of May .1471 1471 in the whyche amoÌ„g other things it was ordeyned that Lords Barons and the 〈◊〉 of the Realme shoulde builde Shippes and bâ—…ates and prouide nettes for fishing Also it was ordeâ—â—ed The like act for shooting was instituted by king Iames the first Anno 14â—â— Iohn Maior that none should weare silkes in doubleâ—… gowne or 〈◊〉 except Knights Minstrels and Heralds excepte they mighte dispenâ—… one hundred poundes in lands by yeere and that y e 〈◊〉 and other vnlawfull games shoulde be debarred and the exercise of shooting mainteyned Iames eldest sonne to king Iames the 〈◊〉 was borne y e tenth day of March in the yeere .1472 1472. who afterwards succeded his father and was called Iames y e fourth Christierne king of Denmarke The right to Orkney and Shetlande resigned to congratulate the happie birth of this yong Prince beeing hys Nephewe by his daughter released all the rights title and clayme which he or his successors might haue to the Isles of Orkney and Shetland A blasing Starre A straunge coâ—…cte or blasing Starre as wee call it appeared in y e South from the seuententh day of Ianuarie 1473 vnto the eyghteenth of Februarie and was placed betwixt y e Pole and the Pleiades that is to wit the seuen Starres A greate Ship built by the late Archbishop of Sainte Androws Kenedie called the Bishops Barge brake and was lost beside Banburgh A Shipwrack beeing fraughte with marchandise the twelfth of Marche Many Merchant mens seruantes and other passengers wee drowned w t hir some escaped by boate and were taken by the Englishmen amongst whome was the Abbot of S. Colme who was coÌ„streined to pay vnto his taker one Iames Kar 80. poundes for his raunsome ere he could be suffered to depart The Aâ—…arie of Dunfermeling being vacant the couent those one of their owne Monkes called Alexander Thomson and y e king promoted Henry Creichton Abbot of Paslay therevnto whome the Pope admitted Abbayes giuen by vnlawful meanes and Robert Shaw parson of Minto was preferred by y e â–ª king vnto the Abbacie of Paslay and theÌ„ in such wise began promotings of Secular Priests vnto Abbacies at the Princes request and the laudable elections aunciently vsed made voyd bycause the Court of Rome admitted suche as the Princes made suite for and named getting greate rewards and eadle suÌ„mes of mony therby so that neither the bishops durst admit such as y e couents elected nor such as were elected durst pursue their righte so the Abbeys were bestowed vpon such as followed the Court liued courtly secularly voluptuously to y e great slaÌ„der of religious meÌ„ which by y e naughty ensaÌ„ples of their gouernors fel to the workes of wickednesse whervpon daily much euil encreased vertue in al estates decayd This yere in SepteÌ„ber The Bishop of Saint Androwes made Achbishop 1474 y e indulgeÌ„ce of the sea of S. Androws was published by Patricke GrahaÌ„ Bishop therof the same sea erected into the dignitie of an Archbishops sea at sute of the said Patrick who gaue information to y e Pope y t bicause y e archbishop of York was Metropolitan of Scotland and y t ther was oftentimes war betwixt the realms of England ScotlaÌ„d the Scottishmen could not haue accesse to their Metropolitan specially in cases of appellation And therefore the Pope as som write thought it reson to make S. Androws primate Metropolitan of ScotlaÌ„d Primate and Metropolitan Twelue Bishops in Scotland ordeined y t the twelue other Bishops of ScotlaÌ„d shuld be vnder his primacie who would not agree thervnto but promised y e K. by way of a taxatioÌ„ xj M. markes for his maintenaÌ„ce against y e sayd Archbishop the Prelates sente to Rome about this matter 1476 This yere was a greate death in the Realme of Scotland so that where a ParliameÌ„t was called in SepteÌ„ber it was proroged vntil y e twelfth day after Christmas The Lord of the Isles atteynted In Ianuary y e Parliament was holdeÌ„ at EdeÌ„burgh in which Iohn Lord of the Iles Erle of Rosse was atteynted partly for his own euil deedes but most specially for y e defaultes of his father Donald Lord of the Iles. The king raysed an army In May in the yere .1477 the king raysed a puissant army of the most able meÌ„ vpoÌ„ the North side of the water of Forth to pursue the Lord of y e Iles both by sea land The Erle of Crawforde was made Admirall of the army by Sea and the Erle of Athole the kings vncle by his father was Lieutenant of y e Army by land But such means was vsed by y e Erle of Athole The Lord of the Isles submitteth himselfe that the Lord of y e Iles humbled himselfe to the kings pleasure vpon certayn coÌ„ditions thervpon in the beginning of Iuly next ensuing the said lord of the Iles came to y e Parliament vnto Edenburgh there was y e agreement made confirmed betwixt the king him He resigneth Rosse Cantyre and Knapden he resigned into the kings hands all his right which he had to the Erledom of Rosse y e lands of Cantyre Knapden which Earledome the king annexed to y e Crowne pardoned him his seruants of al offences transgressions before y e day committed inuested him of new in y e Lordship Seigniorie of the Iles other his lands not released to holde y e same of the king by the seruice of warde and reliefe The king also gaue vnto the Erle of Athole for his diligence shewed in reducing the said Lord of the Iles vnto order the laÌ„ds and forest of Clouy There was an Inquisitor this yere sent by Pope Sextus into Scotland 1477 An inquisâ—…tor sent from the Pope The Archbishop is not wel handled to examine by vertue of his coÌ„mission Patrick Graham Archbishop of S. Androwes whose examination and proues being sent vnto the Pope hee pronounced him an Heretike Scismatike Symoniake declared him accursed condemning him to perpetual prison Depriued and so he was degraded from all orders cure dignitie of Ecclesiasticall office and William Schewes ArchdeacoÌ„ of the same sea was promoted in his place to whom he was also committed to see him safely kept in prison He was
Aques whiche the vicount of Aques and the Earle of Bigoâ—…re hadde fortified against him but he wan it within tenne dayes after his comming before it â—…n Reg. 23. â—â—lidor â—â—ffrey the â—â—ngs base â—â—ne made â—â—â—hop of â—â—â—colne Moreouer Kyng Henry to auoyde further slaunder placed for Byshoppe in that see of Lincolne a Bastard sonne which he had named Geffrey after hee had kept that Bishopricke in hys hands so long till he had almost cleerely destroyed it And his sonne that was nowe made Bishoppe to help the matter for his parte made hauocke in wasting and spending foorthe in riotous manner the goodes of that Churche and in the end forsooke hys myter and left the See agayne in the Kyngs hands to make his best of it Furthermore the King in times past made a vowe to builde a new Monasterie in satisfactioÌ„ of his offences committed against Thomas the Archbishop of Canterbury and nowe therefore hee required of the Bishoppes and other spirituall fathers to haue some place by them assigned where he might begin that foundation But whilest they shoulde haue taken aduice heerein hee secretely practised with the Cardinals and with diuers other Bishops that hee mighte remoue the secular Canons out of the Colledge at Waltham and place therein regular Canons so to saue money in his cofers plantyng in another mans vineyard But yet bycause it should not be thought he did this of suche a couetous meaning hee promised to giue great possessions to that house whiche hee after but slenderly performed though vppon licence obteyned at the Bishoppes handes he displaced the Canons Priests displaced and Chanons regular put in theyr roomthes and broughte in to their roumthes the Chanons as it were by way of exchange Also the same yeare hee thrust the Nunnes of Amesbury out of their house Rog. Houed Nunnes of Amesburie bycause of their incontinente liuing in abusing theyr bodyes greatly to theyr reproche and bestowed them in other Monasteries to bee kepte within more straightly And theyr house was committed vnto the Abbesse and couent of Founteuererd the whyche sent ouer certayne of their number to furnishe the house of Amesbury wherein they were placed by the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury in the presence of the King and a greate number of others About the same time Mat. Paâ—â—â— Polidor came Ambassadors vnto King Henry from Alfonse King of Castile and Garsias King of Nauarre to aduertise him that in a coÌ„trouersie risen betwixt the said two Kings touching the possession of certaine groundes neere vnto the confines of their Realmes they had chosen him for Iudge by compromise promising vppon their othes to stande vnto and abide his order and decree therein Therefore they required hym to end the matter by his authoritieâ—… sith they had wholly put it to his iudgement Rog. Houed Furthermore eyther King hadde sente a most able and valiaunt Knighte furnished with horse and armoure ready in their Princes cause to fight the combate if K. Henry should happily committe the triall of their quarrell vnto the iudgement of battayle King Henry gladly accepted their request so y t therevppon calling his counsellours togither hee aduised with them of the thing â–ª â—…olidor and hearing euery mans opinion at length hee gaue iudgemente so with the one that the other was contented to bee agreeable therevnto Within a while after Philip Earle of Flaunders came ouer into England to doe his deuotioÌ„s at the Tombe of Thomas Archbishop of Caunterbury of whome the most part of men then had conceyued an opinion of such holynesse that they reputed him for a Saint The King mette hym there and very friendly enterteyned him and bycause he was appoynted shortly after to goe ouer into the holy land to warre against Goddes enimies the King gaue him fiue hundred markes in reward and licenced William Mandeuile Earle of Essex to go in that iourney with other Lords Knightes and men of warre of sundry nations that were of his dominions The King then returning vnto London tooke order for the establishing of things touching the 〈◊〉 of the Realme and his owne estate Rog. Houedâ—… And first he appoynted the custodie of such Castels as were of most importance by their situation vnto the keeping of certaine worthy Captaynes To Sir William de Stuteuille hee assigned the custodie of Rockesburgh Castell to Sir Roger de Stuteuille the Castell of Edinburgh to Sir William Neuille the Castell of Norham to Sir Geffrey Neuill the Castell of Berwike and to the Archbishop of Yorke hee deliuered the Castell of Scarbarrough and Sir Roger Conyers hee made Captayne of the tower of Durham Durham Tower which he had taken from the Bishop bycause hee had shewed himself an vnstedfast man in the time of the ciuill warre and therefore to haue the kings fauoure againe hee gaue to hym two thousande markes with condition that his castels myghte stand and that his sonne Henry de Putcey alias Pudsey Henry de Pudsey might enioy one of the Kynges manor places called Wighton About the same time it rayned bloud in the I le of Wighte by the space of two dayes togither so that linen clothes that hoong on the hedges were couloured therewith which vnketh wonder caused the people as the manner is to suspect some euill of the sayd Iohns gouernement Moreouer to this Parliament holden at Oxenforde all the chiefe rulers and gouernoures of Southwales and Northwales repaired and became the King of Englands liege men Rog. Houed swearing fealtie to him against all men Heerevpon he gaue vnto Rice ap Griffin Prince of Southwales the lande of Merionith and to Dauid ap Owan hee gaue the lands of Ellesmare Also at the same time hee gaue and confirmed vnto Hugh Lacie as before is saide the lande of Meth in Ireland with the appurtenances for the seruice of an hundred knightes or men of armes to holde of him and of his sonne Iohn by a charter whyche he made therof and also he deuided there the landes and possessions of Irelande with the seruices to his subiectes as well of England as Irelande appoynting some to holde by seruice to fynde fortie knights or menne of armes and some thirtie and so foorth Vnto two Itish Lordes hee graunted the kyngdome of Corgh for the seruice of fortie knights and to other three Lordes hee gaue the kingdome of Limeryke for the seruice of the lyke number of knightes to bee holden of him and his sonne Iohn reseruyng to him selfe and to his heires the Citie of Lymerike with one Cantred To William Fitz Aldelme hys Sewer William Fitz Aldelme he gaue the Citie of Willeford with the appurtenaunces and seruices and to Roberte de Poer his Marshall Robert de Poer Hugh Lacy. he gaue the Citie of Waterforde and to Hugh Lacy hee committed the safe keping of the Citie of Dyuelyne And these persons to whome suche giftes and assignations were made receyued othes of fealtie to beare theyr allegiance
.xij. ss of money then currant This yeare about the feast of Pentecost An. Reâ—… Polidor Mat. Paâ—… King Iohn prepareâ—… 〈◊〉 armie to 〈◊〉 into Frâ—… the king by the aduice of his Counsell assembled at Northampton prepared a nauie of shippes mustred souldiers and shewed great tokens that hee woulde renue the warre and seeke to be reuenged of his enimie the French king The Nobles of the realme endeuoured themselues also to matche the diligence of the king in this preparation vpon an ernest desire to reuenge the iniuries lately done to the common wealth And when all things were readie and the shippes fraught with vittayles armour and al other provisions necessarie the King came to Porchester there to take the Sea purposing verily to passe ouer into Fraunce in hope of suche fayre promises as his friendes of Normandie and Poictou had made in sending oftentymes to him to procure him wyth speede to come to theyr succours But nowe euen as the king was readie to enter a Shipbourde Raufe Coâ—… The Archâ—…shop of Câ—…terburie 〈◊〉 the Earle of Pembrokeâ—… swade the 〈◊〉 to stay at home Hubert Archbyshop of Canterburie and William Marshall Earle of Pembrooke came to hym and with many greate reasons went aboute to perswade him to staye hys iourney And although he was very loath to follow theyr counsaile yet they put forth so manye doubtes and daungers that myght follow of his departing the Realme at that present to the hazarding of the whole state that in the ende sore to his griefe hee was ouercome by theyr importunate perswasions and so dismissing the moste part of his armie he appoynted his brother the Earle of Salisburie with a certaine number of knights and men of armes to passe ouer into Rochell whither was gone before hym the Lorde Geffrey the Kings base Sonne wyth many other Knightes also and men of armes The Lordes and other that were dismissed tooke it verie euill considering the great preparation that had bin made for that iourney But specially the Mariners were sore offended cursing the Archbishop and the sayde Earle of Pembrooke that were knowne to bee Authours of so naughtie counsayle as they tooke this to be At his comming backe as some write hee charged certaine of the Nobilitie wyth treason bycause they did not follow him wherevppon shortly after he punished them ryght grieuously and peraduenture not withoute some grounde of iust cause For likelye it is that some greater matter there was that forced him to breake vp his iourney than appeareth in our wryters although Raufe Cogheshall setteth downe some reasons alledged by the Archbishoppe Hubert and Earle Marshall to perswade him not to depart the Realme But peraduenture other causes there were also of farre more importaunce that constreyned hym so greatly agaynste hys mynde and full resolution both at the first and nowe at thys seconde tyme to returne Verily to vtter my coniecture it maye bee that vppon hys laste determination to goe ouer hee gaue newe commaundement to hys Lordes to followe hym and they peraduenture vsed not suche diligence in accomplishing hys pleasure therein as hee looked they shoulde haue done or it may be when the armie was once discharged the Souldiers made suche haste homewardes eche man towardes hys Countrey that it was no easie matter to bryng them backe againe in anye conuenient time But howsoeuer it was as it had beene vppon a chaunge of purpose hee came backe agayne as before yee haue hearde The .xiij. of Iuly Hubert Archbishoppe of Canterburie departed this life at Tenham The death of the archbishop of Canterbury Mat. Par. Polidore the king not beeing greatlye sorie for his death as some haue wrytten bycause hee gathered some suspition that hee bare too muche good will towardes the French king In verye deede as some wryte the Archebishop repented himselfe of nothing so muche as for that he hadde commended King Iohn vnto the Noble menne and Peeres of the Realme sith hee prooued an other manner manne than hee looked to haue founde hym Thys Archebishoppe hadde gouerned the See of Canterburie eleuen yeares right monethes and sixe dayes Moreouer after that the French king had won Loches Hubert de Burgh a valiant Captaine he went to Chiuon within the whiche Hubert de Burgh was Captaine a right valiant maÌ„ of war as was any wher to be fouÌ„d who hauing prepared all things necessarie for defence manfully repulsed y e Frenchmen which inforced theÌ„selues to win y e town with coÌ„tinuall assaults alarmes not suffring them within to rest neyther day nor night who yet for certaine dayes togyther by the valiant encouragement of theyr captain defended the towne with greate slaughter of the Frenchmen But neuerthelesse at length beginning to despayre by reason of their incessant trauaile certaine of theÌ„ that were somwhat faint hearted stale ouer the walles in the night ranne to the French men and for safegard of theyr liues instructed them of the whole estate of the towne The Frenche vnderstanding that they wythin were in no small feare of themselues with suche violence came vnto the walles and renued the assault vpon all sides Polidor Chinon taken by force of assault that streight wayes they entred by force A great number of Englishmen were taken and amongst other their Captain the foresayd Hubert de Burgh This chaunced on the vigâ—…ll of S. Iohn Baptist After this King Philip tooke diuerse other townes Castels in that Country of the which some hee razed and some he fortified and stuffed with garnisons of his souldiers This done hee passed ouer the Riuer of Loyr and wan a castell situate neare vnto a promontorie or heade of land called GrapelituÌ„ which was wont to bee a great succor to the Englishmen arriuing on that coast The occasion why he made warres thus to the Brytaines was as some write for that Guy Duke of Brytayne who had maried the Duches Constance and succeeded in the Duchie after hir sonne Arthure without regarde to reuenge the death of the same Arthure was ioyned in league with K. Iohn togither with Sauare de Manleon and Almerick de Lusignian Lords of great honor power and stoutnesse of stomacke â—…es Annales de â—…rance â—…olidor Finally he entred into Aniou and comming to the Citie of Angiers appoynted certain bands of his footmen and al his light horsemen to compasse the towne about whylest he with the residue of the footemen and all the men of armes did goe to assaulte the gates Which enterprise with fyre and sworde he so manfully executed that the Gates being in a moment broken open King Iohn â—…anne the city â—…f Angiers by â—…ault the Citie was entred and delyuered to the Souldiers for a pray The Citizens were some taken and some killed and the walles of the Citie beaten flatte to the grounde This done he went abrode into the Countrey and put all things that came in his way to the like destruction So that the people of the Countreyes
e Frēch kings hands with the which the B. of Winchester was sent backe into Englād the B. of Norwich and the Erle of Richmond remaining there til it might be knowen how the King of Englād would like thereof Finally it was thought good that the Quene should goe ouer to hir brother the Frēch K. to confirme y e treatie of peace vpō some reasonable conditiōs The Queene is sent ouer into France to talke with hir brother the Frenche King She willingly tooke vppon hir the charge and so with y e L. Iohn Crumwell and other four knightes without any other greate traine taking the sea landed in France where of y e K. hir brother she was ioyfully receiued and finally shee being the mediatrix it was finally accorded A peace and concorde agreed vpon that y e K. of England shuld giue to his eldest son y e Duchie of Aquitaine and the Countie of Pontieu that y e Frēch K. receyuing homage of him for the same he shuld restore into his hands the sayd Countie and the lands in Guyenne for the whiche they were at variance and for those countreys which had bin forrayed and spoyled the Earle of Aniou shoulde fully see him satisfied as right did require Vpon all which couenauntes the French King wrote his letters patentes into Englande and other letters also of safe conduite An. reg 19. as well for the sonne as for the Kyng hymselfe if it shoulde please hym to come ouer hymselfe in person Vpon whiche choise greate deliberation was hadde as well at Langdon as at Douer dyuers thinkyng it best that the Kyng shoulde goe ouer hymselfe but the Earle of Winchester and hys sonne the Lord Chamberlayne that neyther durst goe ouer themselues with the Kyng nor abyde at home in his absence gaue contrary coūsell and at length preuayled so that it was fully determined that the Kyngs eldest sonne Edwarde shoulde goe ouer whiche turned to theyr destruction as it appeared afterward Heerevpon the Kyng made a charter of grant vnto his sonne of the Duchie of Guyenne and Countie of Pontieu to haue and hold to him and hys heires Kyngs of Englande with condition that if hee chaunced to depart this life whylest hys father lyued those landes shoulde returne vnto hys father agayne so as the Frenche Kyng myghte not marrie the Kings sonne at his pleasure nor appoynte to him any gardians or gouernoures Thys ordinance was made at Douer by the Kyngs Charter The Prince of Wales is sent into France with consente of the Prelates and other noble men of the Realme there present the morrowe after the Natiuitie of our Lady and on the Thursdaye following the Kinges sonne tooke the Sea and with hym Walter Byshoppe of Excester and others in competent number and aboute the feast of Saint Mathewe the Apostle hee did homage to hys Vncle the French King at Bois de Vincennes vnder certaine protestations made as well on the one part as the other A drye Sommer The sommer this yeare prooued exceeding hote and drie so that springs and riuers failed to yeeld their accustomed course of waters by reason whereof Cattel dyed greate number of cattell and beastes both wilde and tame dyed through lacke of conuenient licor to aswage theyr vehemente thirst The king sendeth for his wyfe and son to retourne home In the beginning of the nexte spring Kyng Edwarde sente into Fraunce vnto his wife and sonne commaunding them now that they hadde made an ende of their businesse to returne home with all conuenient speede The Queene receyuing the message from hir husband whether it was so that she was staied by hir brother vnto whome belike shee had complayned after what in anner shee was vsed at hir husbandes handes being had in no regard with him or for that she had no minde to returne home bycause shee was loth to see all things ordred out of frame by the counsell of the Spencers whereof to heare she was weery or whether as the manner of women is shee was long about to prepare hir selfe forwarde shee slacked all the Sommer and sente letters euer to excuse hir tarriance But yet bycause shee woulde not runne in any suspition with hir husbande The womans dissimulation shee sente dyuers of hir folkes before hir into Englande by soft iorneys King Edwarde not alittle offended with king Charles by whose meanes hee knewe that the woman thus lingered abroade he procured Pope Iohn to write hys letters vnto the French king admonishing him to sende home his sister and hir sonne vnto hir husbande But when this nothyng auayled A proclamation Fabian a proclamation was made in the moneth of December this nineteenth yeare of thys Kyngs raigne that if the Queene and hir sonne entred not the lande by the octaues of the Epiphany next ensuing in peaceable wise they should be taken for enimies to the Realme and Crowne of England Polidore Heere authors varie for some write that vpon knowledged had of this proclamation the Queene determined to returne into Englande forthwith that she myghte bee reconciled to hir husbande agayne Other write and that more truely how shee being highly displeased both with the Spencers and the Kyng hir husbande that suffered himselfe to be misled by their counsels did appoynt indeede to returne into Englande not to be reconciled but to stirre the people to some Rebellion whereby she might reuenge hir manifolde iniuries whiche as the proofe of the thing shewed seemeth to bee most true for shee being a wise woman considering that sith the Spencers had excluded put out and remoued all good men from and beside the Kyngs counsell and placed in their roomthes suche of their clientes seruauntes and friendes as pleased them shee mighte well thinke that there was small hope to bee had in hir husbande who hearde no man but the sayde Spencers whyche she knewe hated hir deadly Wherevppon 1326 after that the tearme prefixed in the proclamation was expired the King caused to bee seased into hys handes all suche landes as belonged eyther to his sonne or to his wife About the same time Sir Robert VValkfare one Sir Robert Walkefare Knight a right hardy man of his handes but craftie and subtill who being taken in the warres whyche the Lords reysed agaynst the Kyng had bin committed to prison in the Castel of Corfe founde meanes nowe to kill the Connestable of that Castell most cruelly and escaping away gote ouer to the Queene into Fraunce and so the number of them that ranne out of the Realm vnto hir dayly encreased This Sir Robert Walkfare was a great procurer of the discord betwixt y e King and y e Lords and a chiefe leader or rather seducer of that noble man Humfrey de Boun Earle of Hereford and whilest other gaue themselues to seeke a reformation in the decayed state of the common wealthe he set his minde vpon murders and robberies Diuers other aboute the same time
and North with many other Noblemen and Gentlemen and their traynes to the number of two thousande horses At his comming to the Churche in Winchester the Lorde Chauncelour accompanied with the Bishops of Duresme Elye London Lincolne Chichester and diuerse other Prelates were readie to receiue him After he had made his prayers he was conueyed to his lodging prepared for him in the Deanes house The Queene hir selfe was lodged in the Bishops pallace whither his highnesse the next day came and was receyued by hir in the hall in most courteous and louing maner And after such salutatioÌ„s and talke ended as was thought conuenient for the time he returned to his lodging where hee continued all that night and the next daye being the xxv of Iuly the mariage was openly solemnised The mariage solemnised At the which were present the Ambassadors of the Emperour the King of Romaynes the King of Boheme of Venice Florence Ferrare and Sauoye with certaine agents of other states in Italy As for the shotte of ordinaunce the diuerse kyndes of musicke the sumptuous and costlye apparell trappers and other furniture readye prouided against the receyuing of him with other ceremonies vsed aswell about the mariage as in other places where he was to be receyued were surely such and euery thing done in suche good order as better for such a purpose might not lightly be deuised The names of the Noble men that came ouer from Spaine with the Prince were as followeth The Duke of Alua. The Duke of Medina celi The Admirall of Castilla The Marques of Bergues The Marques of Piscara The Marques of Saria The Marques of Valli The Marques of Aguillar The Earle of Egmonde The Earle of Horne The Earle of Feria The Earle of Chinchon The Earle of Oliuares The Earle of Saldana The Earle of Modica The Earle of Fuentesalida The Earle of Landriano The Earle of Castellar Don Ruigomes The Bishop of Cuenca Don Iohn de Benauides And diuerse others But nowe forasmuch as some woulde happily be desirous to knowe the conditions of this memorable mariage betwixte these two highe Princes the consequence whereof might haue proued of so great importance although by the Queenes decease the effect was made voyde I haue thought good to recite in briefe the chief articles thereof First it was couenanted that he shoulde enioye the title and name of King during the matrimonie and shoulde ayde hir highnesse being his wife in the administration of hir Realmes and dominions but yet he shoulde permit and suffer hir to haue the whole disposition of all benefices and offices landes reuenues fruites of the sayde Realmes and dominions and that the same shoulde be bestowed vpon such as were hir naturall borne subiectes and that all matters of the sayd Realmes and dominions should bee treated and mayned in the same tongues wherein of old they haue ben wont to be treated That the Queene by vertue of the sayde mariage shoulde bee admitted into the 〈◊〉 of the Realmes and Dominions of the sayde Prince of Spaine as well such as he nowe presently hath as suche other also as during the matrimonie may come to him And for hir dower in case shee ouerliued him she was appointed to receyue yearely three score thousande pounde after the value of fortie groates Flemmishe money the pounde to be allotted vpon all the Realmes landes and Patrimoniall dominions of his father the Emperour that is to saye fortie thousande pounde to be assigned vpon the Realmes of Spaine Castile and Arragon according to the custome of those Realmes The other twentie thousande poundes were appointed vpon the Dukedomes Earledomes and dominions of Brabant Flanders Henault Hollande and other patrimoniall landes and inheritaunce of the sayde Emperour in the lowe Countries of Germanie in like maner as the Ladie Margaret of Englande sometime wife and widowe of the Lorde Charles sometime Duke of Burgongne had and receyued of the same And if anye parcell or parcels thereof be alienated then in lieu thereof other landes shoulde bee in due forme assigned forth for hir to enioy lying neare to the residue of hir dower The issue that shoulde chaunce to come of this mariage touching the right of the mothers inheritance in the realme of Englande and the other Realmes and dominions depending of the same aswell the males as females shoulde succeede in them according to the lawes statutes and customes of the same And as touching the landes that the sayde Prince of Spaine shall leaue behinde him first there shoulde bee reserued vnto his eldest sonne the Lord Charles of Austrich infant of Spaine and to the children and heyres of him descending as well females as males all and singular their rights which to the sayde Prince doe eyther then or thereafter shuld belong or should at any time be deuolued to him in the Realmes of Spaine of bothe the Sicilles in the Dukedome of Millaine and other landes and dominions in Lumbardie and Italie whiche neuerthelesse shall be burdened and charged with the foresayde dower of fortie thousande pounde And if it fortuned the sayde Lorde Charles to die and the issue of his bodie to sayle then the eldest sonne of this matrimonie should succeede and be admitted vnto the sayde right according to the nature lawes and customes of those Realmes and dominions The same eldest sonne shoulde also succeede in all the Dukedomes Earledomes Dominions and patrimoniall landes belonging vnto the sayde Emperour father to the sayde Prince of Spaine as well in Burgongne as in the lowe countries in the Dukedomes of Brabant Luxenburgh Gelderland Zutphane Burgongne Frezeland in the counties of Flaunders Aâ—…thoys Holland Zelande Naniure and the lande beyonde the Isles and all other whatsoeuer therevnto belonging But if the sayde Lord Charles or they that shoulde come of him remayne in life and that there be any male childe by this matrimonie the sayde Lorde Charles and his descendentes shoulde then bee excluded from the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and of Burgongne and the same shoulde discende vnto the sayde eldest sonne borne of this matrimonie And to the other children borne thereof as well males as females a conuenient portion and dower shoulde bee allotted in the Realme of Englande and Dominions depending of the same and in the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and neyther the eldest sonne of this matrimonie nor the sonnes begotten in the same should pretende anye right in the Realme of Spaine or the dominions of the same and reserued to the sayde Lorde Charles the infant otherwise than by their fathers and Grandfathers disposition Moreouer if it fortune no issue male to bee borne of this matrimonie but onely females in that case the eldest female shoulde with full right succeede in the sayde landes and dominions of the lowe Countries so as neuerthelesse she being minded to choose to husbande any noble manne not borne in Englande or in the lowe Countries without consent of the sayde
Sigebald receyueth the christian fayth 174.9 Sigibert murthered by his Kinsmen 174.52 Sichrike slayeth his brother Nigelius 223.101 Sithrike marieth Editha daughter to King Edwarde 224.49 Sithrike marrieth Beatrite daughter to King Edward 224.66 Sithrike poysoned by hys wife Beatrice 224. â—…6 Sithrike becoÌ„meth a christian for the loue of Editha 224.113 Sithrike renounceth christianitie and miserably endeth his life 224.116 Simon Richard a Priest practiseth to make hys scholer king 1428.10 sayleth with him into Irelande where hee bruteth him to bee the Earle of warwike procureth many friendes in Irelande England and Fâ—â—nders 1429.3 taken prisoner â—… committed too perpetuall prison 1431.24 Silures prepare too make warre agaynst the Romaines 54.28 Silures where they inhabite 54.60 and. â—…9 2â—… Silures conceyue an extreeme hatred agaynste the Romains and why 57.64 Sigibert succedeth Cuthred in the Kingdome of the westsaxons 19â—… 10â—… Sigibert for his crueltie expuisel out of his estate 194.7 Sigibert slain by a Swine heard 194.16 Sinobe holden at Hatfield 182.113 Siwarde reioyceth at the honourable death of hys sonne 275.84 Sindhelme dieth 178.2 Sigefmonde Emperour came into England pag. 1183. col 2. li. 57 in league with Henrie the fifth pa. 1185. col 1. lin 38. Sixe Articles ordeyned 1573.1 Sigefero a Dane murthered at Oxford 2â—…1 51 Simon Dunelm cited 214.100 and. 216.62 and 220. â—…5 and. 221.54 Sighelmus Bishoppe of Shireborne sent 〈◊〉 presentes vnto Rome and into India 217.45 Siwolfe slaine 200.47 Simonte and ambition in two Monks reproued by King William Riâ—…us 321.26 Simon Dane â—…cited 222 40. and 239. 47. Sinode holden of winchester 235.110 Sinode holden at Galhe 236.21 Sithrike succeedeth his father Gathâ—… for the Kingdome of the Northumders 2â—â— 7â—… Siricius Archbishoppe of Canterburie 239.64 Simon Dunelmen cyted 291.39 and. 30â—… 19 and 34â—… 89 and. 354.79 Simon Sudburie made Archbishop of Canterburie 995.23 a Siluester Prior of Canterburie deposed from his priorship 383.28 Simon Dunelm in what time he liues 394.44 Simon Dunelmen cyted 387.11 Simon Erle of Northamton 374.13 Simon Dunelmen cyted 258.15 and. 260.32 Stafford Richarde slaine 1048.55 â—… Simon Erle of Aranges deliuereth Fortresses to king Henrie the seconde 399.60 Siward causeth himself to be armed before his death 276.63 Siwarde Earle of Northumberlande inuadeth scotlande with a greate power 275.56 Siwarde Earle of Northumberland 271.30 Sinode at Reading 789. â—â— a Sinode at Lambeth 790.22 a Sixe Articles repelled 164.10 Simon MouÌ„tford knight pag. 1298. col 2. lin 6. taken at Sandwich lin 18. beheaded lin â—…2 Sinode at LoÌ„don 892.13 b Singleâ—… or Sigbelitie slaine â—â—0 47 Sighere King of Eastsaxons dieth â—â—â— 36 Sigharde and Sewfrede succeede Sebby euen father in the kingdom of the Eastsaxons â—â—â— 42 Simon Earle of Northampton falleth madde and miserably enâ—â—ith his life â—â—7 96 Sigibert murdered for obseruing the commaundements of the gospell 174 Sigibert reproued for keping companie with an excommunicate person 174. â—…3 Sigharde and Seâ—…ffred kings of Eastsaxons depart this life â—…90 36 Siga chiefe murthered of Aswald 19â—… â—â— Simon Dunelhen cyted 〈◊〉 Sinode holden at Herford 79 SignificatioÌ„ of two sunnes in the skie 541.106 Sigibert or Sibert a christian king of the Estangles 162.42 Siluer mines 845. â—â— b Sidrack a Danish Earle slaine 210.4 Sidroe a Dane slaine 210 36. Sistllius brother to Gurgustius chosen to the gouernance of Britaine 21 90. Sinode holden at Danstable 523 6â—… Simon Zelotis commeth into Britaine 31.20 Sighere his people â—…uoir from the Christian fayth 179 1â—… Sighere hys people reduced too the Christian fayth 179.23 Simonie consisteth as wel in giuing money after promotion receyued as in brybing afore hande 336.48 Sigebettus cited 11â—… 41 Sicilius sonne to Guintolinus admitted King â—…f Britaine 89.12 Situations for Churches or Monesteries first too be consecrated â—…5 14 Sidius Geta his valiancie agaynst the Britaines 49.34 Sibell sister to the Erle of Conuersans in Pugita maried to Robert Duke of Normandie 346.72 Singing in Churches first vsed in Kent of all England 17â—… 76 Singyng in Churches brought into vse ouer all England â—…70 76 Sildius called also Sildius 21.86 Simon Erle of Huntington dieth 459.82 Silures vanquished land brought too the Romenâ—…e subiection 66.80 Siege of Badon hâ—… 115 32. Simon vseth and in buried at London â—… 49 Sighere son too Sigibert the litle and Sebby succeede Sindhelme in the Kingdome of the Eastsaxons 179.2 Sisillius dieth and is buried at Bathe 21.98 Sizil called also Sisillius 21.96 Simon Digby knight pa. 1416. col 2. lin 42. Simon Langton made Chauncellour to Lewes 600.39 he is excommunicate by Gualo wyth booke bell and Candell 600.62 Sitomagus a citie in Britaine by whome buylded 2.95 Shireborn made a bishops sea 191.10 Siward dieth 276.62 Sidonius Appolinaris cited 107.75 Skirmishe betweene English meÌ„ and Henoays at Yorke â—…90 17 b Sledda second king of the East saxons 152.34 Slaughter of Saxons at Badon hill 129.11 Sleforde Castell buylded 371.75 Slouth engendreth lecherie 17.79 Smyth William Doctour president of Prince Arthures counsaile and after Bishop of Lincolne 1456.57 Smith Thomas leadeth a colonie intoo Irelande 1864.35 Smith Thomas knight made principall secretary 186.41 Smith William founded Brasennose Colledge in Oxforde 1463.22 Smithfield a laystall and place of execution 341.56 Snowden Castell taken 793.8 a. Snow of a maruelous coÌ„tinuance 270.2 Snowdune 276.42 Souch Iohn Lorde attainted 1425.41 Somerset William Earle of worcester goeth Ambassadour into Fraunce and is robbed vpon the sea by Pyrates 1864.53 Somerset Charles of the priuie counsaile and lord Chamberlaine to Henry the eight 1464.52 Sonnes to the Earle of March taken forth of windsore Castell pag. 1145. col 1. lin 50. Souldiours called the coÌ„panions 968.55 a South part of scotland giuen to the Picts 81.63 Sorcerie and witchcrafte punished 395.96 Sobrietie of the NormaÌ„s the night before the battaile against the English men at Hasting 286.77 Sunnes twaine appeare at one time 541.89 Southwales spoyled by the Danes 21â—… 69 Southsaxons put too the woorse by the westsaxons 155.49 Southwell Manour belonging to the Archbishop of Yorke 349.4 Southampton spoyled by Frenchmen 904.20 b Souldiours put into sacks and throwne intoo the Thames 779.11 Souldiours offer themselues to serue king Iohn 546.22 Southampton towne spoiled by the Danes 238.35 Somersetshire men ouerthrowne by the Danes at Pentho 241.70 Sodomites accursed by the decree of westmynster 341.77 Spising beheaded pa. 1345 col 1. lin 22. The battayle of Spurres 1484. â—… Spirites seene in the aire 556.30 Spaniardes ouercome the English nauie 1010.19 a Spencer Hugh the elder created Earle of winchester 869.3 a. hanged 880.4 a Spencer Edward lord taken in Britain 918.45 a Speares ordeyned soone discontinued 1466.43 Sheffield Edmond knight made Lorde Sheffielde 1614.27 is slain 1665.47 Spencer Bishop of Norwich goeth ouer sea with an army 1041.44 a. inuadeth Flaunders 1042.24 b. ouercommeth the Flemings 1043.20 a. returneth into England 1045. 50. a. Lewes of Spaine created Prince 924.30 a Spencer Bishop of Norwich armes 1043.27 a Spiritual promotions
in remembraunce of olde Troye from whence hys auncesters procéeded for which the Romaines pronounced afterward Trinobantum although the Welchmen doe call it still Trenewith This city was builded as some write much about the tenth yeare of his raigne so y t he lyued not aboue 15. yeares after he had finished y e same But of y e rest of hys other actes attempted and done before or after the erection of this city I finde no certayne report more then that when he had raigned in this Island after his arriuall by the space of 24. yeares he finished his dayes at Trenouanton aforesayde beyng in hys young and florishyng age where at his carcase was honorably interred As for the maner of hys death I finde as yet no mention therof among such writers as are extant I meane whether it grew vnto him by defect of nature or force of grieuous woundes receyued in hys warres agaynst such as withstood him from tyme to tyme in this Islande and therefore I can say nothing of that matter Herein onely all agrée that duryng the tyme of his languishing paynes he made a disposition of his whole kyngdome deuiding it into thrée partes or portions according to the nuÌ„ber of his sonnes then liuing whereof the oldest excéeded not 28. yeres of age as my coniecture gaueth me Locrine To the eldest therefore whose name was Locrine he gaue the greatest and best Region of all the rest Loegria whiche of hym to this day is called Lhoegres among the Britons but in our language Englande of such English Saxons as made conquest of the same This portioÌ„ also is included on the south with the Brittish sea on the east wyth the Germaine Ocean on the north wyth the Humber and on the west with the Irish sea and the riuers Dée and Sauerne wherof in the general description of this Island I haue spoken more at large To Camber his secoÌ„d sonne Camber Cambria he assigned all that lyeth beyonde the Sauerne and Dée towarde the west whiche parcel in these dayes conteineth Southwales and Northwales with sondry Islandes adiacent to the same the whole beyng in maner cut of and seperated from England or Loegria by the said streames wherby it séemeth almost Pemusula or a bye land if you respect the small hilly portion of ground that lyeth indifferently betwene their maine courses or such branches at the least as run and fall into them The Welchmen or Brytons call it by the auncient name still vnto this day but we Englishmen terme it Wales which denomination we haue from the Saxons who in time past did vse the word Walshe in such sort as we do straunge for as we cal all those straungers that are not of our nation so dyd they name them Walshe which were not of their countrey The third and last part of the Island he allotted vnto Albanacte hys youngest sonne for he had but thrée in all Albanact as I haue sayd before whose portion séemed for circuite to be more large then that of Camber and in maner equall in greatnesse wyth the dominions of Locrinus But if you haue regard to the seuerall commodities that are to be reaped by eche you shal find them to be not much discrepaunt or differing one from another for what so euer the first and second haue in plenty of corne fine grasse and large cattell This latter wanteth not in excéedyng store of fishe rich mettall quarries of stone and aboundaunce of wylde foule so that in myne opinion there coulde not be a more equall particion then this made by Brute and after the aforesayd maner This later parcel at the first toke the name of Albanactus who called it Albania But now a small portion onely of the Region beyng vnder the regiment of a Duke reteyneth the sayd denomination the reast beyng called Scotlande of certayne Scottes that came ouer from Ireland to inhabite in those quarters It is deuided from Loegres also by the Humber 〈◊〉 so that Albania as Brute left it conteyned all the north part of the Island that is to be fouÌ„d beyond the aforesayd streame vnto the point of Cathenesse To conclude Brute hauyng deuided hys kingdome after this maner and therin conteniyng himselfe as it were wyth the general title of the whole it was not loÌ„g after ere he ended his life and being solemnly interred at his new city by his thrée children they parted eche from other and tooke possession of their prouinces But Scotland after two yeres fell agayn into the handes of Locrinus as to the chiefe Lord by the death of his brother Albanact scâ—â— Locriâ—… king â—… of scâ—â—Scâ—â—land who was slayne by Humber kyng of the SeithieÌ„s and left none issue behynde hym to succéede hym in that kyngdome That notwithstanding the former diuision made by Brute vnto his children the souereigntie of the whole Islande remained still to the prince of Lhoegres and his posteritie after him Chap. xvj IT is possible that some of the Scottish nation reading the former chapter will take offence with me for meaning y t the principalitie of the North partes of this Isle hath alwayes belonged to the kinges of Lhoegres The Scotâ—… alwayâ—… desinrâ—… to 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 subiâ—â— haue oâ—…ten 〈◊〉 cruell 〈◊〉 odious temptaâ—… to be 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 For whose more ample satisfaction in this behalfe I will here set downe therfore a discourse therof at large written by diuers and nowe finally brought into one Treatise sufficient as I thinke to satisfie the reasonable although not halfe ynough peraduenture to content a wrangling minde sith there is or at the least wyse hath béene nothing more odious amoÌ„g some then to heare that the king of England hath oughtes to doe in Scotland How their Historiographers haue attempted to shape a couloured excuse to auoyde so manifest a tytle all men maye sée that reade their bookes indifferently whereunto I doe referre them For my part there is little or nothing of myne herein more then onely the collection of a number of fragmentes togither wherein chiefly I haue vsed the helpe of Nicholas Adams who wrate thereof of set purpose to king Edward the sixt as Leland dyd the lyke to king Henry the eyght Iohn Harding vnto Edwarde the fourth beside thrée other whereof the first dedicated hys Treatise to Henry the fourth the seconde to Edwarde the thirde and the thirde to Edwarde the first as their writinges yet extant doe abundâ—…ntly beare witnesse The tytle also that Lelande giueth his booke which I haue had written with his owne hands beginneth in this maner These remembraunces following are found in Chronicles authorized remaining in diuers nonasteries both in Englande and Scotlande by which it is euidently knowen shewed that the kinges of England haue had and nowe ought to haue the souereignetie ouer Scotlande wyth the homage and fealtie of the kings their reigning from time to time Herevnto you haue heard already what diuisioÌ„ Brute made of this Islande not
Peredurus These two brethren in the English Chronicle are named Higanius and Petitur the which as testifieth Gal. Mon. deuided the realme betwixt them Brytayne deuided into two realmes so that all the lande from Humber westward fel to Vigenius or Higanius the other part beyoÌ„d HuÌ„ber northward Peridure held But other affirm y e Peredurus only raigned held his brother Elidurus in prison by his owne consent forsomuch as he was not willing to gouerne But Gal. Mon. sayth that Vigenius dyed after he had raigned .vij. yeares and then Peredurus seased all the land into his owne rule and gouerned it with such sobrietie and wisedome that he was praysed aboue all his brethren so that Elidurus was quite forgotten of the Brytaynes But other write Vâ—…rietie in wryteâ—…s that he was a verie tyrant and vsed himselfe right cruelly towardes the Lordes of his lande wherevpon they rebelled and slue him But whether by violent hand or by naturall sicknesse he finally departed this life after the consent of most wryters when hee had raigned viij yeares leauing no issue behinde him to succeede in the gouernaunce of the kingdome Hee buylded the towne of Pykering Caxton Eth. Bur. where his bodie was buried Elidurus the thirde time ELidurus then as soone as his brother Peridurus was dead for as muche as hee was nexte heyre to the crowne was deliuered out of pryson and now the thirde tyme admitted king of Brytayne who vsed himselfe as before very orderly in ministring to all persons right and iustice all the dayes of his life and lastly beeing growne to great age dyed when he had raigned nowe thys thirde tyme after most concordance of writers the tearme of foure yeares and was buryed at Carleâ—…ll He is buried at Carloil HEre is to be noted that euen from the beginning of the Brytish kings The diuersitie of wryters in the account of yeares whiche raigned here in this lande there is great diuersitie amoÌ„gst wryters both touching the names and also the tymes of theyr raignes specially till they come to the death of the last mentioned king Elidurus Insomuch that Polydor Vergile in his Hystorie of Englande Polidor finding a manifest error as he taketh it in those wryters whom he followeth touching the account from the comming of Brute vnto the sacking of Rome by Brennus whome our hystories affyrme to be the brother of Beline that to fill vp the number whiche is wanting in the reckening of the yeares of those Kings which raigned after Brute tyll the dayes of the same Brenne and Beline he thought good to chaunge the order least one error should follow an other and so of one error making many he hath placed those kings whiche after other wryters shoulde seeme to followe Brenne and Beline betwixte Dunuallo and Mulmutius father to the sayde Beline and Brenne and those fiue kings whiche stroue for the gouernment after the decease of the two brethren Ferrex and Porrex putting Guintoline to succeede after the fiue kings or rulers and after Guintoline his wife Martia during the minoritie of hir sonne then hir sayde sonne named Sicilius After him these whose names follow in order Chimarius Danius Moruidius Corbonianus Archigallo who beeing deposed Elidurus was made king and so continued till he restored the gouernment as ye haue heard to Archigallo againe and after his death Elidurus was eftsoones admitted and within a while againe deposed by Vigenius Peridurus after theyr deceasses the thirde time restored Then after his decease followed successiuely Reginus Morganus Ennanus Iduuallo Rimo Eâ—…runtius Catellus Coillus Porrex the second of that name Cherinus FulgeÌ„tius Eldalus Androgeus Vrianus and Eliud after whom should follow DuÌ„uallo Molmutius as in his proper place if the order of things done and the course of tyme should be obserued as Polidore gathereth by the account of yeares attributed to those kings that raigned before and after Dunuallo according to those Authours whom as I sayde he followeth if they will that Brennus which led the Gauâ—â—es to Rome be the same that was sonne to the sayd Dunuallo Molmutius and brother to Beline But sithe other haue in better order brought out a perfite agreement in the account of yeares and succession of those kings which raigned and gouerned here in this lande before the sacking of Rome and also another suche as it is after the same and before the Romaines had anye perfite knowledge thereof we haue thought good to follow them therein leauing to euery man his libertie to iudge as his knowledge shall serue him in a thing so doubtfull and vncertaine by reason of variaunce amongest the auncient wryters in that behalfe And euen as there is great difference in wryters since Gurguntius till the death of Elidurus so is there as great or rather greater after his deceasse specially till king Lud atteyned the kingdome Fabian â–ª But as may be gathered by that whiche Fabian and other whom he followeth doe wryte there passed aboue .185 yeares betwixt the laste yere of Elidurus and the beginning of king Lud his raigne in the which time there raigned xxxij or .xxxiij. kings as some writers haue meÌ„tioned whose names as Gal. Mon. hath recorded are these Regny the sonne of Gorbolyan or Gorbonian a worthie Prince both iustly and mercifully gouerned his people Then Margan the sonne of Archigallo a noble Prince likewise and guiding his subiects in good quiet Emerian brother to the same Margan but farre vnlike to him in maners so that he was deposed in the sixt yere of his raigne Ydwallo sonne to Vigenius Rimo the sonne of Peridurus Geruntius the sonne of Elidurus Then Catell that was buried at Winchester Coill that was buried at Notingham Porrex a vertuous and most gentle prince Cherinus a Drunkerd Then Fulginius Eldad and Androgius these three were sonnes to Chercinus and raigned successiuely one after another After them a sonne of Androgeus â—â—anus Then Eliud Dedaicus Clotinius Gurguntius Meriâ—…nns Bledius Cop Owen Sicilius Blegahredus an excelleÌ„t MusitiaÌ„ After him his brother Archemail Then Eldol Red Rodieck Samuil Penisel Pir Capoir And after him his son Gligweill an vpright dealing prince a good inâ—…ticiarie After whoÌ„ succeeded his sonne Hely which raigned .lx. yeres as the foresaid Gal. Mon. writeth where other affyrme that he raigned .xl. yeares sâ—…me againe say that he raigned but .vij. moneths Such diuersitie is there in writers touching the raignes of these kings and not only for the nuÌ„ber of yeres which they shuld coÌ„tinue in their raignes but also in their names so that to shew the diuersitie of all the writers were but to small purpose sith the doings of the same kings were not great by report made thereof by any approued author But this maye suffice to aduertise you that by conferring the yeres attributed to the other kings which raigned before them sith the comming of Brute who shoulde enter this lande as by the best writers it is gathered
Chilperike king of Fraunce 586. This Careticus was a norisher of ciuill reacte and discention amongst his own people the Britons so that he was hated doth of god and man as writers testifye The Saxons vnderstanding that the Britons were not of one mind but deuided in partakings so as one was ready to deuore an other they thought it good time for them to aduaunce theyr conquests and seased not to parâ—â—e the Britons by force and continuall warre till they had constrained them for refuge to withdraw into Wales And as some haue written Galf. Mon. See more of this Gurmundâ—…s in Ireland the Saxons meanyng to make a full conquest of the lande sent ouer into Ireland requiring one Gurmundus a kyng of the Aâ—…ticanes to come ouer into Britayne to healpe them agaynste the Brytaynes Ranulf Cest. Gourmonde tooke Cirencester or Chichester and destroyed it in moste cruell manner Some write that he tooke this citie by a policie of war in bynding to the feet of Sparrowes whiche his people had caught certaine clewes of threede or matches finely wrought and tempred with matter readie to take fire so that the Sparrowes being suffered to goe out of hande â–ª flewe into the towne to lodge them selues within their nestes whiche they had made in stackes of corne and eues of houses so that the towne was thereby set on fyre and then the Brytons issuing foorth foughte with their enimies and were ouercome and discomfited But whylest the battayle continued Careticus stale away and got him into Wales After this the foresayd Gurmonde destroyed thys lande throughout in pitifull wyse and then deliuered it in possession to the Saxons the whiche thankfully receiued it and bicause they were descended of those that firste came ouer with Hengul they chaunged the name of the lande and called it Hengistlande accordingly as the same Hengist had in tymes past ordeined the whiche name after for shortnesse of speeche was somewhat altered and so lastly called Englande and the people Englishmen But rather it may be thought that sith a great part of those people whiche came ouer into thys lande out of Germanie with the sayde Engiste and other captaines were of these English men whiche inhabited Germanie about the parties of Thoringhen they called this land England after their name Mat. VVâ—â— when they had first got habitatioÌ„ within it and so both the iande and people tooke name of them beeing called Angli long tyme before they entered into this Isle as before is shewed out of Cornelius Tacitus and others But nowe to returne where we lefte Of this Gurmounde the olde English wryters make no mention nor also any aunciente authors of foreyn parties and yet sayth the British booke that after he had conquered this land giueÌ„ it to the Saxons he passed ouer into FraÌ„ce and there destroyed muche of that lande as an enemy to the faith of Christe For whiche consideration he was the more ready to come to the ayde of the Saxons who as yet hadde not receyued the Christian fayth but warred against the Brytaynes as well for so destroy the faith of Chryste within this lande as to establyshe to them selues contynuall habitations in the same There bee It should 〈◊〉 that this â—â—rie of Gâ—â—â— is hâ—â— some â—â—ned â—…aâ—…e 〈◊〉 it may be 〈◊〉 he vvaâ—… 〈◊〉 Dane Norvvegiâ—â— of Germaine that omittyng to make mention of Gurmounde write thus of the expulsing of the Brytaynes oute of this lande at that tyme when wyth their king Careticus they got them into Wales IN the yeare of grace 586. 586. Kareticus a loner of ciuil war succeded Malgo an enimie to God and to the Britons whose inconstancie when the Englishe and Saxon kinges perceiued with one consent they rose againste him Mat. VVeâ—â— and after many battails chased him from citie to citie till at lengthe encountring wyth him in a pight field they droue him beyond Seuerne into Wales Herevpon clerks and priestes were dryuen oute of theyr places with brighte swoorâ—â— branâ—…ishing in all partes and fire crackling in Churches wherewith the same were consumed The remnante of the Britaynes therefore withdrew into the West partes of the land that is to witte into Cornewale and into Wales out of which countreys they oftentimes brake out and made reyses vppon the Saxons the whyche in manner aforesayde goâ—…e possession of the chiefest partes of the lande leauing to the Britaynes only three prouinces that is to witte Cornewale Southwales and Northwales which couâ—â—eâ—â— were not easie to be wonne by reason of the thick wooddes enuiâ—…oned with deepe marishes and waters full of high craggy rockes Mountaines The English and Saxon Kings hauing thus remooued the Britaynes enlarged the boundes of their dominions There raigned in that season within this land beside the Britaine Kings right Kings of the Englishe and Saxon nations as Ethelbert in Kent Cissa in Sussex Crauâ—…iue in Westsex Credda or Crida in Mercia Erkenwine in Essex Titila in Esfangle Elle in Deira and Alfrid in Bernicia In this sort the Britaynes lost the possession of the more part of theyr auntiente seates and the faithe of Christ thereby was greatly decayed for the Churches were destroyed the Archbishops of Caerleon Arwske London and Yorke withdrewe togither with their Cleargie into the Mountaynes and woods within Wales taking with them the relikes of Saintes for doubt the same shoulde be destroyed by the enimies and theÌ„selues put to deathe if they should abide in their olde habitations Many also fled into Britaine Armorike with a greate fleete of Shippes so that the whole Church or congregation as yee may call it of the two prouinces Loegria and Northumberland was left desolate in that season to the great hinderance and decay of the Christian Religion Careticus was driueÌ„ into Wales as before is rehearsed about the second or third yeare of his raigne and there continued with his Britaines the which ceassed not to endomage the Saxons from time to time as occasioÌ„ serued But heere is to be noted that y e Britanes being thus remoued into Wales Cornewall were gouerned afterwardes by three kings or rather Tirants the which ceassed not with ciuill warre to seeke eache others destruction till finally as sayth the Brittish booke they became all subiect vnto Cadwallo whome Bede nameth Cedwallo VVil. Mal. In y e mean time Ciaulinus or Cheuling King of the West Saxons through hys owne misgouernance and tyrannie whiche towardes his latter dayes hee practised did procure not only the Britaines but also his own subiects to conspire his deathe so that ioyning in battell with his aduersaries at Wodenesdic in the 3â—… yere of his raigne his army was discomfited and he himselfe constreyned to departe into exile and shortly after ended his life before he coulde fynde meanes to be restored Beda VV. Mal. It is recorded by diuers writers that the firste occasion whereby Gregory was moued thus to send Augustine into this
their people◅ countrey And thus Cadwallo the most cruell enimie of the English name ended his life He was terrible both in nature countenance for the which cause they say the Brytaynes did afterwards set vp his Image that the same might bee a terrour to the enimies when they shoulde beholde it But here is to bee remembred by the Brytish Historie of Gal. Mon. it shoulde appeare that Cadwallo was not slaine at all but raigned victoriously for the space of .xlviij. yeares and then departed this life as in place afterwards it shall appeare But for that the contrarietie in wryters in such poyntes may sooner be perceyued than reformed to the satisfying of mennes fancies whiche are variable wee will leaue euery man to his libertie to thinke as seemeth him good noting now and then the diuersitie of suche wryters as occasion serueth Vpon confidence put in these his great vertues and vices from time that he was made king as though the whole Ile had beene due to him he thought not good to let any occasion passe that was offered to make warre as well agaynst his friendes and confederates as also agaynst hys owne sworne enimyes Part of his doings ye haue heard and more shall appeare hereafter Of the kings of the East Saxons and East Angles ye haue heard before of whom in places conuenient yee shall finde further mention also and so likewise of the kings of the South Saxons but bycause theyr kingdome continued not past fiue successions little remembrance of them is made by wryters Cadwallo or Cadwalline CAdwallo Cadwallo or Cadwalline or Cadwalline for we finde him so also named began his raigne ouer the Britains in the yere of our Lord .635 635 in the yeare of the raign of the Empero◅r Heraclius .35 and in the .xiij. yeare of Dagobert king of France Of this man ye haue heard partly before touching his dealings and warres agaynst the Northumbers and other of the English Nation but forsomuch as diuerse other things are reported of him by the Brytish wryters wee haue thought good in this place to rehearse the same in part as in Gal. Mon. we finde written leauing the credite still with the authour sith the truth thereof may the more be suspected bycause other Authours of good authoritie as Beda Henrie Huntington William Malm. and other seeme greatly to disagree from him herein But this is it written By this it should appeare that Fabian hath gathered amisse in the account of the raignes of the Brytish kings for it appeareth by Beda and others that Edwyn was slayne in the yeare of our Lorde .634 634 And where Fabian as before is sayd attrybuteth that acte diuerse other vnto Cadwan the father of this Cadwallo yet both Gal. Mon. and Beda with the most part of all other wryters signifie that it was done by Cadwallo Harding assigneth but .xiij. yeares vnto the raigne of Cadwan and declareth that he dyed in the yeare of our Lorde 6◅6 in the which yeare as he sayeth Cadwallo began his raigne which his opinion seemeth best to agree with that which is written by other authors But to returne to the other doings of Cadwallo as we finde them recorded in the Brytishe Hystorie After hee had got this victorie agaynste the Northumbers he cruelly pursued the Saxons as though he ment so farre as in him lay to destroye the whole race of them oute of the landes of all Brytayne ▪ and sending Penda agaynst King Oswalde that succeeded Edwin though at the first Penda receyued the ouerthrowe at Heauenfielde yet afterwardes Cadwallo hymselfe highlye displeased with that chaunce pursued Oswalde and fought with hym at a place called Bourne Oswald slaine where Penda slue the sayd Oswalde After that Oswalde was slayne his brother Osunus succeeded him in gouernment of the Northumbers and sought the fauour of Cadwallo now ruling as King ouer all Brytayne and at length by great gyftes of golde and siluer and vppon his humble submission hee obteyned peace tyll at length vpon a spyte Penda King of Mercia obteyned lycence of Cadwallo to make warres agaynst the sayde Osunus Oswy Math. VVest 654 in the which as it happened Penda himselfe was slaine Then Cadwallo after two yeres graunted that Vlfridus the sonne of Penda shoulde succeede in the kingdome of Mertia And thus Cadwallo ruled things at his appoyntment within this lande And finally when he had raigned .xlviij. yeares 678 676. sayth Mat. VVest hee departed thys lyfe the .xxij. of Nouember His bodie being embalmed and dressed with sweet confections was put into a brasen Image by maruellous arte melted and cast the whiche Image beeing set on a brasen Horse of excellente beautie the Brytaynes erected aloft vppon the West gate of London called Ludgat in signe of his victorious conquestes and for a terror to the Saxons And moreouer the Church of Saint Martine standing vnderneath the same gate was by the Brytains then builded Thus haue the Brytaynes made mention of theyr valiaunt Prince Cadwallo but diuerse men thinke that much of that Hystorie is but fables bycause of the dissonance founde therein so manifestly varying both from Beda and other autentike wryters as before I haue sayde The true hystorie of king Oswalde But nowe to the truth of the Hystorie touching Oswalde King of the Northumbers Oswald meaneth to bee thankfull to God for his benefites Beda li. 3. ca. 3.5.6 Hector Bo. wee finde after that he had tasted of Gods high fau◅r extended to hymwardes in vanquishing hys enimyes as one mynding to be thankfull therefore was desirous to restore agayne the Christian fayth through hys whole Kingdome ◅ore lamenting the decaye thereof wythin the same and therefore euen in the beginning of his raigne he sente vnto Donwalde the Scottishe King with whome hee had beene brought vp in tyme of his banishment the space of .xviij. yeares requiring him to haue some learned Scottish man sent vnto him skilfull in preaching the worde of lyfe that with godly Sermons and wholesome instructions hee might conuerte the people of Northumberland vnto the true and liuing God promising to entertaine him with such prouision as apperteyned At his instance there was sent vnto him one Corman a Clerke singularly well learned Corman and of great grauitie in behauiour but for that he wanted such facilitie and plaine vtterance by waye of gentle perswading as is requisite in him that shal instruct the simple onely setting forth in his Sermons high mysteries matters of such profound knowledge as vneth the verie learned might perceyue the perfect sense and meaning of his talke his trauaile came to small effect so that after a yeares remayning there he turned into his countrey declaring amongest his brethren of the cleargie that the people of Northumberlande was a froward stubburn stiffe harted generatiō whose minds he could not frame by any good meanes of perswasion to receiue the christian faith ▪ so that he iudged it lost labor to
After this about the .xxj. yeare of his raigne Anno. 708 as is noted by Mat. VVest king Inas and his cosin Nun fought with â—…erent king of the Brytaynes In the beginning of the battaile one Higelbald a noble man of the West Saxons part was slaine H. Hunt but in the ende Gerent with his Brytains was chased In the .xxvi. yeare of his raigne Mat. VVest hath 718. the same Inas fought a mightie battaile against Cheolred King of Mercia at Wâ—â—enesburie with doubtfull victorie for it could not well be iudged whether part susteyned greater losse In the .xxxvi. yeare of his raigne king Inas inuaded the South Saxons with a mightie armie and 〈◊〉 in battaile Ealdbright or 〈◊〉 king of the South Saxons ioyned that kingdome vnto the kingdome of the West Saxons Mat. VVest hath 722. so that from thence forth the kingdome of those South Saxons ceassed after they had raigned in that kingdome by the space of fiue kings successiuely that is to wit â—…lla Cissa Ethelwalke The end of 〈◊〉 kingdome of the South Saxoes Berutius and this last Aldhinius or Ealdbright Finally when Inas had raigned .xxxvij. yeares and .x. or .xj. odde Monethes hee renounced the rule of his kingdome togither with all worldly pompe and went vnto Rome as a poore pylgryme Inas went to Rome and there dyed and there ended his life But before this during the time of his raigne hee shewed himselfe verie deuout and zealous towardes the aduauncement of the Christian Religion He made and ordeyned also good and wholesome lawes for the amendment of maners in the people whiche are yet extant and to bee reâ—â—e written in the Saxon tongue and translated into the Latine in tymes past and nowe lately agayne by maister William Lambert and imprinted by Iohn Day in the yeare .1568 togither wyth the lawes and Statutes of other Kings before the Conquest as to the learned it may appeare Moreouer king Ine or Inas buylded the Church of Welles dedicating it vnto saint Andrew where afterwardes a Bishops Sea was placed which at length was translated vnto Salisburie Ethelburga He had to wife one Ethelburga a woman of noble lynage who had beene earnest in hande with him a long time to perswade him to forsake the worlde but shee could by no meanes bring hir purpose to passe VVil. Malm. till vppon a time the king and she had lodged at a Manor place in the Countrey where all prouision had beene made for the receyuing of them and theyr trayne in most sumptuous manner that might be as well in riche furniture of householde as also in costly viandes and all other things needefull or that might serue for pleasure and when they were departed the Queene the foresayde Ethelburga caused the keeper of that house to remoue all the bedding The deuise of Queene Ethelburga to perswade hir husband to forsake the world hangings and other such things as had beene brought thither and ordeyned for the beautifull setting forth of the house and in place therof to bring ordure strawe and suche lyke fylth as well into the Chambers and Haâ—â— as into all the houses of office and that done to lay a Sowe wyth Pigges in the place where before the kings bed had stoode Herepon when she had knowledge that euerye thing was ordered according to hir appoyntment she perswaded the King to returne thyther agayne feyning occasions great and necessarieâ—… After he was returned to that house whiche before seemed to the eye a Palace of moste pleasure and nowe fynding it in suche a fylthie sâ—â—te as might lothe the stomacke of any man to beholde the same shee tooke occasion thereof to perswade him to the consideration of the 〈◊〉 pleasures of this worlde whiche in a moment turned to naught togyther with the corruption of the fleshe beeing a fylthie lumpe of Claye after it shoulde once be dyssolued by death and in fine where before shee had spente muche labour to moue hym to renounce the Worlde though all in vayne yet nowe the beholding of that chaunge in his pleasant Palayce wherein â—…o late hee had taken so greate delight wrought suche an alteration in hys mynde that hir wordes lastlye tooke effecte so that hee resigned the Kingdome to his cousin Ethelard and went himselfe to Rome as aboue iâ—… mentioned and his wife became a Nunne in the Abbey of Barking where she was made Abbesse and finally there ended hir lyfe This Inas was the fyrst that caused the money called Peter pens Peter pens to bee payde vnto the Bishop of Rome which was for euery houshold within his dominion a pennie In this meane time Edilred or Ethelred hauing gouerned the Kingdome of Mercia by the terme of .xxix. yeares King Ethelred becommeth a Monke became a Monke in the Abbey of Bardeny and after was made Abbot of that house Ostrida He had to wyfe one Ostryda the sister of Ecgfride King of Northumberlande by whome hee had a sonne named Ceolred But he appoynted Kenred the sonne of his Brother Vulfhere to succeed him in the kingdome Beda in Epit. The sayde Ostrida was cruelly slaine by the treason of hir husbandes subiectes about the yeare of our Lorde .697 697 King Kenreds The foresayde Kenred was a Prince of greate vertue deuoute towardes God a furtherer of the common wealth of his Countrey and passed hys lyfe in greate synceritye of maners In the fifth yeare of his raigne he renounced the worlde and went to Rome togither with Offa king of East Saxons where he was made a Monke â–ª and finally dyed there in the yeare of our Lord .711 711 Nauclerus By the ayde and furtherance of this Kenred a Monke of Saint Benetâ—… order cleped Egwin buylded the Abbay of Euâ—…shame Egwin Bishop of Worcester Afterwardes the same Egwine was made Bishoppe of Worcester Wee finde it recorded by wryters that this Egwine had warning giuen to him by visions as hee constantly affyrmed before Pope Constantine to set vp an Image of our Laâ—â—eâ—… in his Churche Herevppon the Pope approuing the testifications of this Byshoppe by hys Bulles wrytte to Bryghtwalde the Archebyshoppe of Canterburie to assemble a Synode and by authoritie thereof to establishe the vse of Images charging the kings of this lande to bee present at the same Synode vpon paine of excommunication This Sinode was holden about the yeare of our Lorde .712 in the dayes of Inas King of West Saxons Bale 710. and of Ceolred king of Mercia successor to the foresayde Kenred After Kenred succeeded Ceolredus the sonne of his vncle Edilred and died in the .viij. yeare of his raigne Harison hath three onely Henric. HuÌ„t and was buried at Lichfielde Then succeeded Ethelbaldus that was discended of Eopa the brother of king Penda as the fourth from hym by lineall succession Thys man gouerned a long time without any notable trouble some warres he had and sped diuersly In the
in secular causes they were nowe forbidden so to doe Many other things were for meane of reformation artycled both for spirituall causes and also concerning ciuill ordinaunces as dissenabling children to be heyres to the parentes whiche by them were not begotte in lawfull matrimonie but on coÌ„cubines Nunnes concubines whether they were Nunnes or secular women Also of paymeÌ„t of tithes performing of vowes auoyding of vndecent apparell and abolishing of all maner of Ethnish vsages and customes that sounded contrarie to the order of Christianitie Curtayling horses as curtayling Horses and eating of Horses flesh These things with many other expressed in .xx. principal articles as we haue sayd were first concluded to be receyued by the Church of the Northumbers in a Councell holden there subscribed by Alfwold king of the NorthuÌ„bers by Delberke Bishop of Hexham by Eaubalde Archbishop of Yorke Hygwalde Byshop of Lyndisferne Edelbert Bishop of Whiterne Aldulfe Byshoppe of Myeth Ethelwyne also an other Byshop by his deputies with a number of other of the Clergie and Lordes also of the temporaltie as Duke Alrike Duke Segwulfe Abbot Aldberiâ—…ke and Abbot Erhard After this confirmation had of the Northumbers there was also a counsell holden in Mercia at Cealtide in the which these persons subscribed Iambert or Lambert Archbishop of Canterburie Offa King of Mercia Hughbright Bishop of Lichfield Edeulfe Bishoppe of Faron with Vnwone Bishop of Ligor and nine other Bishops beside Abbots and three Dukes as Brorda Farwalde and Bercoald with Earle Othbalde But nowe to returne backe to speake of other doings as in other parties of this lande they fell out 764 Aboute the yeare of our Lorde .764 the Sea of Canterburie beeing voyde one Iambert or Lambert was elected Archbishop there and in the yeare .766 the Archbishop of Yorke Egbert departed this lyfe Simon Dun. hath .780 in whose place one Adelbert succeeded The same tyme one Aswalde or Alfewolde raigned ouer the Northumbers beeing admitted King after that Ethelbert was expulsed and when the same Alfwolde had raigned tenne or as other haue .xj. yeares he was trayterously He begin his raigne Anno 779 as hath Simon Dunel and raigned but ten yeares and without all guilt made away and murthered by his owne people The chiefe conspiratour was named Siga and his bodie was buried at Hexam The same Alfwolde was a iust Prince and worthilye gouerned the Northumbers to hys highe prayse and commendation He was murthered as before yee haue hearde the .xxiij. of September in the yeare of our Lorde .788 788 Mat. VVest Simon Dun. 792 In the yeare .792 Charles king of Fraunce sent into Brytaine a booke which had beene sent vnto him from Constantinople conteyning certaine articles agreed vpon in a Synode wherein were present aboue the number of three hundred Bishops quite contrarie and disagreeing from the true fayth namely in thys that Images ought to be worshipped which the Church of god vtterly abhorreth Agaynst this booke Albinus that famous Clearke wrote a treatise confirmed with places taken out of holy Scripture whiche treatise with the booke in name of all the Bishops and Princes of Brytayne he presented vnto the king of Fraunce In the yeare .800 on Christmasse euen chanced a marueylous tempest of winde Simon Dun. 800 which ouerthrew whole Cities and townes in diuers places and trees in greate number beside other harmes which it did as by death of Cattell c. In the yeare following a great part of the Citie of London was consumed by fire Brightrichus This Brightrike was procreate of the â—â—ue of Cerdicius the first king of West Saxons and xvj in number from him He was a man of nature quiet and temperate more desirous of peace than of warre and therefore he stoode in doubt of y e noble valiancie of one Egbert which after succeeded him in the kingdome The linage of Cerdicius was in that season so coÌ„fouÌ„ded and mingled that euerie one as he grew to greatest power stroue to be king and supreme gouernor But specially Egbertus was knowne to be one that coueted the place as hee that was of the blouâ—… royall and a man of greate power and lustiâ—… courage King Brightrike therefore to liue in more suretie banished him the lâ—…nde Egbert banished and appoynted him to goe into Fraunce Egbert vnderstanding for certaine that this his departure into a forraine Countrey shoulde turne to his aduauncement in time to come obeyed the kings pleasure About the thirde yeare of Brightrykes raigne there fell vpon mens garmentes as they walked abrode A straunge wonder Crosses of bloudie colour and bloud fell from heauen as drops of raigne Mat. VVest VVil. Malm. Hen. Hunt Danes Some tooke this wonder for a signification of the persecution that followed by the Danes for shortly after in the yeare ensuing there arryued three Danish shippes vpon the English coastes against whome the Lieutenant of the parties adioyning made forth to apprehend those that were come a lande howbeeit aduenturing himselfe ouer rashly amongest them he was slaine but afterwardes when the Danes perceyued that the people of the Countreyes aboute beganne to assemble and were comming agaynst them they fled to theyr shippes and left their pray and spoile behinde them for that time These were the fyrst Danes that arryued here in this lande beeing onely sente as was perceyued after to viewe the Countrey and coastes of the same to vnderstande howe with a greater power they myght bee able to inuade it as shortly after they did and warred so wyth the Englishe men that they got a greate partâ—… of the lande and helde it in theyr owne possession In the tenth yeare of King Brightrykes raigne there were seene in the ayre fyrie Dragons flying whiche betokened as was thought two grieuous plagues that followed Fyrst a greate dearth and famine and secondly the cruell warre of Danes Famine and warre signified which shortly followed as yee shall heare Finally after that Brightrike had raigned the space of .xvj. yeares he departed this life and was buried at Warham Some wryte that hee was poysoned by hys wife Ethelburga Ran. Cestren li. 5. cap. 25. Brightrike departed this life whom he maryed in the fourth yeare of his raigne Shee was daughter vnto Offa King of Mercia as before yee haue heard Shee is noted by wryters to haue beene a verye euill woman proude and high mynded as Lucifer Ethelburga hir conditions and wicked nature and therewyth disdaynfull Shee bare hir the more stately by reason of hir fathers greate fame and magnificence whome shee hated shee woulde accuse to hir husbande and so put them in daunger of theyr lyues And if she might not so wreake hir rancour shee woulde not sticke to poyson them And so it happened one daye as shee ment to haue poysoned a yong Gentleman agaynste whome shee hadde a quarell the King chaunced to taste of that Cuppe and dyed therof as before ye haue heard Hir
betokened that the Princes and gouernours of the Realm should decline from the way of truth Dunstan seeth the Deuill often but now he was become a wayter at the Table when Dunstane sate with the King and wander as folish beastes without a guide to rule them Also the nighte after this talke when the King was set to supper Dunstan sawe the same sprite or some other walke vp and downe amongst them that wayted on the table within three days after the K. was slayne as before ye haue heard Edredus or Edred Ran. Higd. Sim. Dunel He brente the Abbey of Rippon whiche was kept against him As he was returning homeward an host of enimies brake out of Yorke and setting vpon the rereward of the kings army at a place called Easterforde Easterforde made great slaughter in the same Wherefore the King in his rage mente to haue begun a new spoyle and destruction but the Northumbers humbled themselues so vnto him that putting away their foresaide K. Hirke or Hericius and offering great rewards and gifts to buy their peace they obteyned pardon But bycause that Wolstan the Archbishop of Yorke was of counsell with his countreymen in reuolting from K. Edredus The Archbishop of Yorke imprisoned and aduancing of Hericius K. Ederdus toke him and kept him in prison a long time after but at length in respect of the reuerence which he bare to his calling he set hym at libertie and pardoned him his offence Math. West reciteth an other cause of Wolstanes imprisonment Mat. VVest as thus In the yere of grace saith he 951. King Edrede put the Archbishop of Yorke in close prison 951 bycause of often complayntes exhibited against him as he which had commaunded many Townesmen of Theadford to bee put to death in reuenge of the Abbot Aldelme by thē vniustly slayne and murthered After this when Edredus had appeased all ciuill tumultes dissentions within his land VVil. Malm. he applyed himselfe to the aduancing of Religion wholly following the mind of Dunstane by whose exhortation he suffered patiently many tormentes of the body and exercised himselfe in prayer and other deuoute studies Edredus departeth thys life Finally after he had raigned nine yeares and a halfe he departed this life to the great greeuance of menne and reioycing of Angels as it is written and was buried at Winchester in the Cathedral Church there Here is to be noted that the foresaide Edrede when hee came firste to the Crowne vpon a singular and most especiall fauour whiche hee bare towards Dunstan the Abbot of Glastenbury Dunstan in fauor he committed to him the chefest part of all the threasure as charters of landes with other monuments and such antient princely iewels as belonged to the former Kings with other such as he gote of his owne willing hym to lay the same in safekeeping within his Monasterie of Glastēbury Afterward when King Edred perceyued himselfe to be in daunger of deathe by force of that sicknesse which in deede made an end of his life he sent into all parties to such as had any of his treasure in keeping to bring the same vnto him with all speede that hee mighte dispose thereof before his departure out of this life as hee should see cause Dunstane tooke suche thyngs as he had vnder his handes and hasted forwarde to deliuer the same vnto the King and to visit hym in that tyme of hys sicknesse according to hys duetie But was not this a deuise thereby to deteyne the treasure for I do not reade that he deliuered it out of his hands An Angell or as some think a worse creature but as he was vpō y e way a voice spake to him frō Heauen saying behold K. Edred is now departed in peace At the bearing of this voyce the Horse whereon Dunstane rode fell downe died being not able to abide the presence of the Angell that thus spake to Dunstane And when he came to the Court he vnderstoode that the King dyed the same houre in whiche it was tolde him by the Angell as before ye haue heard This Edwarde in his latter dayes beeyng greatly addicted to deuotiō and religious priests at the request of hys mother Edgina restored the Abbey of Abingdon which was built firste by K. Inas but in these dayes sore decayed and fallen into ruine Edwin AFter the decesse of Edredus Edre◅ his Nephewe Edwin the eldest sonne of Kyng Edmōd was ma◅e King of England and began his raigne ouer the same in the yeare of our L. 955. and in the .20 yeare of the Emperour Otho the firste 955 in the .28 and last yeare of the raigne of Lewis King of France and about the twelfth yere of Malcolme the first of that name King of Scotland He was sacred at Kingston vppon Thames by Odo the Archbishop of Canterbury The same day of his Coronation as the Lordes were set in counsell about weighty matters touching the gouernemente of the Realme hee rose from the place VVil. Malm. Polidor gate him into a chamber with one of his neere kinswomen and there had to do with hir without respect or any regard had to his royall estate and princely dignitie Dunstane lately beforenamed Abbot of Glastenbury did not onely without feare of displeasure reprooue the king for such shamefull abusing of his body but also caused the Archbishop of Canterbury to constreyne him to forgoe y e company of that woman whom vnlawfully hee kept as his wife Iohn Cap. There be that write that there were two women both mother and daughter whome K. Edwin kept as concubines for the mother beeing of noble parentage sought to satisfie the Kings lust in hope that eyther hee woulde take hir or hir daughter to wife And therefore perceyuing that Dustane was sore against suche wanton pastime as the King vsed in their company so wrought Dunstane banished the Realme that Dūstan was through hir earnest trauel banished the land And this is also reported that when he should departe the Realme the Deuill was hearde in the West end of the Church taking vp a great laughter after his roring manner as though he should shew himselfe glad and ioyfull of Dunstanes goyng into exile Dunstane seeth not the Deuill But Dunstane perceyuing his behauiour spake to him and sayd well thou aduersarie do not so greatly reioyce at the matter for thou doest not now so much reioyce at my departure but by Gods grace thou shalt be as sorowfull for my returne Dunstane departed into exile Thus was Dunstane banished by K. Edwine so that he was compelled to passe ouer into Flaunders where hee remayned for a tyme within a Monasterie at Gaunt finding muche friendshippe at the handes of the gouernoure of that countrey Also the more to wreake his wrath VV. Mal. Edwine displaceth Mōkes and putteth secular Priests in their romes the King spoyled many Religious houses of their goodes and droue
were put to flight the victorie remayning with the Scottish men albeit not without great bloudshed on eyther part as the Scottish hystorie sayth A peace concluded At length a necessarie peace was agreed vpon betwixt both parties the conditions whereof were these that aswell Scottish men as Spaniards should liue after their owne lawes and neither of them to inuade other Gathelus ministred iustice Gathelus hauing peace thus with his neighbors sate vpon his Marble stone in Brigantia where he gaue lawes and ministred iustice vnto his people thereby to mainteyne them in wealth and quietnesse A description of the seate This stone was in fashion like a seate or Chayre hauing such a fatall destinie as the Scottes say following it that wheresoeuer it should be founde there shoulde the Scottish men raigne and haue the supreme gouernance Hereof it came to passe that first in Spaine after in Irelande and then in Scotlande the Kings which ruled ouer the Scottish men receyued the Crowne sitting vpon that stone vntill the time of Robert the first king of Scotlande The inscription also of the stone though ingraued long time after as shoulde appeare was this Ni fallat fatum Scoti quocunque locatum Inuenient lapidem regnare tenentur ibidem Which may be thus translated Except olde sawes do sayle and wisards wittes be blinde The Scottes in place must raigne where they this stone shall finde When he perceyued that his people multyplyed in suche wise as the cuntrey which was appoynted him by the laste agreement was not able to susteyne them he was lothe to breake the peace whiche he had established wyth the Spaniards by seeking to enlarge the bounds of his dominion with breach of couenaunt and therefore vnderstanding that there was an Islād lying north ouer agaynst Spaine The Scottes seeke newe seates wherein were but fewe Inhabitours he caused all such shippes as he was able to make to bee brought togither into an Hauen neare vnto Brigantia and commaunding a great armie of his owne people and subiectes to bee assembled he appoynted his two sonnes whome hee had by his wife Scota the one named Hyberus and the other Himecus to conuey them ouer into that Islande whiche afterwardes they named Hibernia after Hyberus but nowe it is commonly called Irelande The Scots ariue in Ireland At their first arriuall there they came into the hauen of Dundalke where getting a lande they first encamped themselues neare vnto the shore and then sente forth certaine of their folkes to search if they could learne what people inhabited in the countrey by whom at their returne and by such as they had happened vppon and brought with them they vnderstoode howe there was no great number of Inhabitants in that Isle Irish men liue by milke and hearbes and that they which dwelled there were verie simple such I meane as liued onely by mylke and hear◅es with other the like things as the earth by nature brought forth of hir owne accorde without mans helpe or vse of any tyllage Irish men are gently entreated Herevpon Hiber with his brother Himecus went not aboute with force but by gentlenesse to wynne those people mynding to ioyne them in friendshippe so wyth theyr Scottishe men that bothe the people myghte bee made as one Neyther was this harde to bee done sithence the Inhabitauntes perceyuing the Scottishe men not to goe about to harme them came flocking in wholy about them submitting themselues into their handes with gladnesse This Hiber was a man of great courage and more gyuen to the warres than his father before him so that where his father contenting himselfe with the boundes and limittes of the Countrey assigned him by composition sought no further as is sayde to enlarge the same Hiber a conquerour Hiber ceassed not to conquere Cities and townes neare adioynyng to the borders of his subiectes by reason whereof hys fame spredde ouer all those parties And in the ende constreyned his enimyes to seeke for peace A peace whiche hee willingly graunted so that a league being concluded betwixte the Scottes and Spaniardes the same tooke suche good successe Spaniards and Scots become one people that within certayne yeares after both the Nations what by ma◅age and other contractes whiche they exercised togyther became one The succession also of the Kings continued after Hibers deceasse in hys posteritie a long season Amongest the whiche Meteltus Hermoneus Ptolomeus Hiberius and Simon Brechus were of most woorthie fame as is recorded by suche as haue wry◅ten the Hystories of that Nation more at large These Scottish men being thus troubled in Irelande The Scottes s◅a◅e Ambassadour vnto Metellus in Spaine finally addressed an Ambassade vnto Metellus who as then raigned amongest the Scottishe menne in Spaine requiring him of ayde and succour agaynste theyr enimyes who went aboute wyth toothe and nayle to expell all the Scottishe Nation out of Irelande which they were like ynough to bring to passe if in time there were not spedy remedie through his ayde prouided for the contrarie Metellus hearing these newes as a man moued with a naturall zeale towarde all the Scottish linage ga◅e eare to their request supposing it should be his part to defende his kinnes folke from all wrong and iniuries Ayde sent to assist the Scots in Irelande immediately therefore he sent his thre sonnes Hermoneus Ptolomeus and Hibertus with a chosen power of warriours ouer into Irelande where vanquishing the enimies with fierce and cruell battailes they set the Scottishmen in sure and quiet possession of all their lands and liuings This done Ptolomeus and Hibertus remayned there to rule and inhabite the countrey Hermoneus returned into Spaine againe but Hermoneus who was the eldest brother returned backe againe into Spain there to succeede his father when time shoulde serue thereto After this the Scottishe estate continued many yeares in good quiet in Ireland the people still increasing in welth and puissance till prosperitie the mother of contention stirred vp grudge and partialities amongst them whiche shortly would haue decayed the force of y e Scottish nation if the auncient Lords had not prouided redresse in time which was to perswade the people to haue a king of theyr owne who beyng partaker with none of them in their factions might haue the absolute gouernāce of the whole so that by common cōsent they sent into Spaine for one Simon Brek Symon Brek whose name was right famous amongst them in that season both aswel for that hee was lineally descended of the bloud royall as also for that he had shewed many proues of his noble valiancie in sundrie affayres and businesse Brechus came into Irelande This Simō being glad of these tidings sayled quickly into Irelande and brought thither with him amongst other princely iewels and regall monuments the fatal stone of marble wherein he caused himselfe to be crowned in token of his full possession and establishment ouer that
this life in the .iiij. yere of his reigne and after the incarnation 688. After Eugenius the .v. succeeded Eugenius the .vj. who was the sonne of Ferquhard Eugenius the sixt succeedeth Eugenius the fifth and by perswasion of Bishop Adannan with whom he was brought vp and of S. Cutbert hee entred into league with the Northumberland meÌ„ A league betweene the Scots Northumberland men but he would at no hande ioyne in amitie with the Pictes notwithstanding hee was contented to take truce with them But when hee sawe the same oftentimes by them violated and broken to the great perill domage hinderaÌ„ce of his subiectes he caused the warre to be proclaymed Truce taken with the Picts and sent them his defiaunce by an Herald Howbeit through the earnest prayers as is supposed of the twoo bishops Cutbert and Adannan who had laboured earnestly to haue brought those people to a quietnesse this warre continued without any notable encouÌ„ter Warre without any notable encouÌ„ter The death of Eugenius the 〈◊〉 697. saue only by light incursions wherein no great bloudshed chaunced euen vnto the death of Eugenius whiche fell in the yeare of our Lord. 697. 697. and in the .x. yeare of his owne reigne He was buried togither with the other Eugenius that lastly reygned afore him in the I le of Colmekill amongst theyr predecessours Wonderfull visions seene Many wonderfull visions were seene that yeare in Albion as the Scottishe chronicles make mention In the riuer of Humber there appeared in the sight of a great multitude of meÌ„ a number of shippes vnder sayle as though they had bene furnished foorth for the warres In the Churche at Camelon there was heard a noyse as it had bene the clattering of armure Milke was turned into bloud in diuers places in Pictland and cheese conuerted into a bloudie masse or cake Corne as it was gathered in the haruest time appeared bloudie In the furthermost partes of Scotland it rayned bloud These sightes being seene of some declared to other caused a wonderfull feare in the peoples harts imagining some great alteration to ensue THe Lordes peeres of the land not greatly lamenting the death of suche a monstrous person Eugenius bicause the army for want of a gouernour should not fall into any dauÌ„nger they elected Eugenius the seueÌ„th Eugenius the seuenth is elected king of Scottes being the brother of the late foresayde Ambirkeleth to succeede as King in the gouernment of the Realme a Prince of right comely port and personage neyther destitute of honourable qualityes and good disposition of mynde Being once proclaymed king he caused general musters to be takeÌ„ of the whole armie and perceyuing by suruey thereof that he was not able to match with his enimyes A peace concluded he founde meanes to conclude a peace with the Pictishe king pledges being deliuered on eyther side for redresse to be had of al wrongs and iniuries that had bene committed betwixt them The Pictes returning home and the Scottishe armie dissolued Eugenius with the moste parte of the Nobilitie went into Argyle where hee receyued hys inuesture of the Kingdome sitting vppon the stone of Marble The king is crowned according to the maner But Eugenius being thus cleared of all former suspition minded to haue bene reuenged on those y t had falsly accused him An example of a good prince Howbeit through the godly admonishments of that reuerend father Adannan he qualified his displeasure After this giuing his minde to the aduauncement of Religion and polytike gouernment of his subiectes he ordeyned that the Hystories of hys auncestours shoulde be written in bookes and volumes The king causeth his ancestours hystories to be written that posteritie might haue to reade the same for ensample sake These monumentes he also appoynted to bee kept and reserued in the Abbay of Iona nowe called Colmekill for a perpetuall memorie and suche as shoulde write the same to remaine and haue liuings there in the Abbey Moreouer suche spirituall promotions as he perceyued to bee too meane and slender for the maintenance of the minister that should serue the cure he caused to be augmented in suche wise as was thought sufficient Hee concluded a league with the Saxons and Pictes and obserued the same during his lyfe Eugenius the seuenth departeth out of this life whiche hee ended at Aberneâ—…hy when he had raigned about .xvij. yeares whereof the last fell in the yeare after the incarnation of our Sauiour .717 716. H. B. indictione .15 Hys death was greatly lamented both of his Lordes and Commons as they that intierly loued him for his noble and moste princely qualities This Mordack was the nephew of Eugenius the vij by his brother Ambirkeleth and euen as he was knowne to be of a gentle meke and liberal nature before his aduauncement to the crowne so hee shewed himselfe to be the verie same man during the whole course of all his naturall lyfe after hee had atteyned to the same Aboue all things he wished a generall peace to continue amongest all the Princes of Albion A louer of peace and therevpon for his part establishing a peace with the Pictes Brytaynes and all the English Kings hee firmely kept euerie article therein conteyned In those dayes as Saint Bede doth testifie foure seuerall people liued in peace and quietnesse within the boundes of Albion Peace through out al the land of Albion though differing in maners language lawes and ordinances Saxons whom he called English men Britaynes Scottes and Pictes The testimonie of Bede His wordes are these The Nation of the Pictes at this tyme is in league with the Englishe men and gladly is partaker of the vniuersall peace and veritie with the Catholike Churche Those Scottes which inhabite Brytayne contenting themselues with their owne boundes goe aboute to practise no deceytefull traynes nor fraudulent deuices agaynste the Englishe men The Brytaynes though for the moste parte through a familyar hatred doe impugne the Englishe Nation and the state of the whole Catholyke Church obseruing not ryghtly the feast of Easter besydes other naughtie vsages yet both the diuine power and humane force vtterly resysting them they are not able in neyther behalfe to attayne to theyr purposed intentions As they which though partlye free yet in some behalfe are thrall and mancipate to the subiection of the English men whiche Englishe men nowe in acceptable peace and quietnesse of tyme many amongst them of Northumberlande as well of the Nobilitie as other laying away armour and weapon apply themselues to the reading of holy Scripture more desirous to bee in houses of vertuous conuersation than to exercise feates of warre What will come thereof the age that followeth shall perceyue and beholde With these wordes doth Bede ende his hystorie 734. Mordacke ended his life the same yere that S. Bede made an ende of his hystorie continued tyll the yeare 734. In the whiche yeare
surnames by the name of those landes vnto the which they succeeded The afore recited Iohn Stewarde after the death of his brother Iames maried the heyre of Bonkill a virgine of great beautie and had by hyr Walter Steward that inherited the landes of Bonkill Ranfrew Rothessay Bute Walter inheritour of Bonkill c. Stewartoune after that his father the forenamed Iohn was slayne at Falkyrke He maried Mariorie Bruce daughter to king Robert Bruce King Robert the second by whom he had issue king Robert the second of that name This Robert the second tooke to wife one Isabel Mure a damosell of right excellent beutie she was daughter to sir Adham Mure knight and brought foorth issue Iohn steward otherwise Robert three sonnes and three daughters The eldest sonne hight Iohn Steward otherwise named Robert who succeeded immediatly after his fathers deceasse in gouernaunce of the crowne The second called Robert was made Earle of Fyfe and Menteith also he was created duke of Albanie Duke of Albany and ruled the realme of Scotlande vnder the name of Gouernour for the space of xv yeares The third sonne named Alexander was earle of Buchquhane and lord of Baudzenot Alexander steward sonne to king Robert the second The eldest daughter was maried to Iames that was the sonne and heyre of William Erle of Dowglas The second daughter was maried to Iohn Dunbar Iohn Dunbar brother to George of Dūbar Earle of Marche and was made to the aduancement of his further fame earle of Murray He got on hyr one onely daughter that was maried to the Dowglas and so Dowglas came to the Erledome of Murray The third daughter was maried vnto Iohn Lyoun that was after made Lorde of Glammis Moreouer the foresayde Robert that was the firste of the Stewardes whiche ware the crowne in Scotlande Ewfame maried Ewfame daughter to the Earle of Ros and got on hyr twoo sonnes Walter Earle of Atholl Walter and Dauid sonnes to king Robert Robert Duke of Albany and Dauid Earle of Stratherne This Walter solicited Robert duke of Albany to slea Dauid Steward duke of Rothsay And after that Iames the firste was returned home foorth of England Iames the first he did what he could to moue him to slea likewise all the lynage of the same Duke still beyng in hope after the dispatch of his kinsmen to come to the crowne himselfe whiche hope moued him to procure his Nephew Robert Steward Grayme or Graham Robert Grahā his daughters son to slea king Iames the first also for the which crime the same Walter was after conuicted and destroyed with all his sonnes His brother Dauid erle of Buchquhane died without issue and so the landes of bothe these bretherne returned againe to the crowne without any memory of theyr bloud Of Robert Steward duke of Albany came duke Murdo Duke Murdo who maried the Earle of Lennox daughter and got on hyr three sonnes Walter Alexander and Iames. Duke Murdo himselfe with his twoo firste sonnes were slayne at Stryueling by king Iames the first and the third brother Iames in reuenge therof brent Dunbertane and was after chased into Ireland where he deceassed without issue King Robert the thirde Robert the .iij. of that name maried Annabill Drommound daughter to sir Iohn Drōmound of Stobhall knight Dauid and Iames sonnes 〈…〉 Robert the third got on hyr Dauid Iames. The firste died in Falkeland and the other atteyned the crowne was called Iames the firste and maried the lady Iane daughter to Iohn Beauford earle of Somerset in England Iohn Beauford earle of Somerset He had by hir .ij. sonnes burne at one birth Alexander Iames. The first died yong The secōd atteyned the crowne named Iames the second Iames the first and his issue Iames the first had also .vj. daughters of the whiche the eldest was giuen in mariage to the Dolphine of Fraunce the second to the Duke of Brytayne the thirde to the Lorde of Feir the fourth to the Lorde of Dalkeith the fifth to the Earle of Huntley and the sixte had no succession The duke of Gelders daughter Iames the second maried Margaret daughter to the Duke of Gelderland and begot on hir three sonnes and two daughters The first succeeded him in the kingdome and was called Iames the thirde Iames and Alexander the second named Alexander was Duke of Albany maried firste the Erle of Orkeneys daughter and got on hyr Alexander that was after Bishop of Murray and then parting with hyr went into Fraunce where he maried the countesse of Bullogne and begot on hir Iohn Steward Duke of Albany Duke of Albany the gouernour of Scotland that was gouernour of Scotland many yeares in the minoritie of Iames the fifte The third sonne Iohn Steward was Erle of Mar whose chaunce was to be slayne in the Cannogat in a Bathefacte The lorde Boyd The first daughter of Iames the second was maried to the Lord Boyd who begot on hyr a sonne that was slayne by the Lord Mongumrie and a daughter that was maried to the Erle of Casselles After the death of the lord Boyd the husband of this first daughter of Iames the secōd she was eftsoones maried to the lord Hammylton The Lorde Hammylton and by that meanes was the house of the Hammyltons decorate with the kings bloud The other sister was maried to the lorde Creichton Lord Creichton Iames the third and his issue of whom came small succession worthy to be mencioned Iames the thirde maried Margaret daughter to the king of Denmarke Of the whiche mariage was borne Iames the fourth Alexander that was bishop of Saint Andros and Duke of Albany And Iohn Stewarde Erle of Mar but these twoo died without issue Iames the fourth maried Margaret daughter to king Henry the seuenth of England Iames the fourth and begot on hyr Iames the fifth who marying firste the Lady Magdalene daughter to Frauncis the French king had no issue by hyr for that she died in the yeare next after hyr comming into Scotland and then shortely after the sayde Iames the fifth maried the lady Mary de Lorrain Duches of Longuile a widow and by hyr had he issue Marie queene of Scotland that tooke to husbande Henry Steward lord Dernly by whom she had issue Charles Iames nowe king of Scotland But to returne vnto Makbeth in cōtinuyng the history and to beginne where I left ye shal vnderstād that after the cōtriued slaughter of Bāquho nothing prospered with the foresayde Makbeth for in maner euery man began to doubt his owne life and durst vnneth appeare in the kings presence euen as there were many that stoode in feare of him Makbethes dread so likewise stoode he in feare of many in such sorte that he began to make those away by one surmised cauillation or other His crueltie caused through feare whom he thought most able
stomacke At length after he had wandred from place to place in sundry partes of Scotlande the better to auoyde the sleightes of them that lay in awayte to apprehende hym King Roberte getteth ouer into the Iles. he got ouer into one of the Iles where comming vnto one of his speciall frendes a man of high nobilitie and wel-beloued of the people in those parts he was most hartily welcome and gladly of him receyued to his great ease and comforte His frendes that laye hidde in couerte and secrete corners hearyng of these his dooings beganne from eche syde to resorte vnto hym His power increaceth by whose assistance shortely after he wan the castell of Innernesse Innernesse castell taken and slew all them that were within there in garryson With the lyke felicitie he got the most part of all the Castels in the north King Roberte commeth to Glenneske rasing and brenning vp the same tyll hee came to Glenneske wher being aduertised that Iohn Cumyn with sundry Englishemen and Scots were gathered againste him bicause hee was vppon a strong groūd he determined there to abide thē but they being thereof infourmed and wondryng at his manly courage durst not approche to giue him battaile but sent Ambassadors vnto him to haue truce for a time vnder colour of some communication for a peace till they might increase theyr power more strongly agaynst him whiche being done they pursued him more fiercely than before Neuerthelesse King Robert receyued them at all tymes in suche warrelike order that they might neuer take him at any aduauntage but were still dryuen backe with slaughter and losse though the same was of no great importance to make account of but suche like as happeneth oftentymes in skirmishes and lyght encounters where the battayles come not to ioyne puissance agaynst puissance The fame whereof yet procured him the fauour of sundrie great Barons in Scotland Iames Dowglas goeth to king Robert Amongest other Iames Douglas a man of great courage and singular valiancie cousin to William Lamberton Bishop of S. Androwes and remayning with the sayde Bishop in householde tooke all the Bishops golde and certaine of his best horses with the which hauing in his cōpanie diuers other hardie yong gentlemen priuie to his doings he fledde with all speed vnto King Robert offring him his seruice and to spende his life in his quarell and defence A craftie dissembling Prelate The Bishop was priuie to his cousins going away yea and counselled him therto though he would by no meanes it shoulde outwardly so appeare for doubt least if things had not come to passe as he wished he might haue run in daunger for his cloked dissimulation The Dowglas was ioyfully receyued of king Robert in whose seruice he faythfully continued both in peace and warre to his liues ende The rising of the Dowglasses to honour Thoughe the surname and family of the Dowglasses was in some estimation of Nobilitie before those dayes yet the rysing thereof to honour chaunced through this Iames Dowglas for by meanes of his aduauncement other of the same king◅ tooke occasion by theyr singular manhoode and noble prowes shewed at sundrie tymes in defence of the Realme to grow to such heigth in authoritie and estimation that theyr mightie puissance in man◅ent landes and great possessions at lēgth was through suspition conceyued by the kings that succeded the cause in parte of their ruinous decay Edwarde king of England hearing of the doings of his aduersarie king Robert doubted if some redresse were not founde in tyme least the Scottes reioysing in the prosperous successe of his sayde aduersarie would reuolt wholy frō the English obeysance and herevpon purposing with all speede to subdue the whole Realme of Scotlande from ende to ende he came with a farre greater armie than euer he had raised before to the borders but before his entring into Scotlande The death of king Edwarde Longshankes he fell sicke of a right sore and grieuous maladie wherof he died shortly after at Burgh vpon sandes as in the Englishe hystorie more plainly it doth appeare The Scottish wryters make mention that a little before he departed out of this worlde The crueltie of king Edwarde as is noted by the Scottish wryters there were brought vnto him .lv. yōg striplings which were taken in the Castell of Kildrummy after it was wonne by the English men and being asked what should be done with them he commaūded they should be hanged incontinently without respect to their yong yeares or other consideration of their innocencies that might haue moued him to pitie After his deceasse Edwarde of Carnaruan sonne to Edward Longshankes his sonne Edward of Carnaruane succeeded in the gouernment of England who following his fathers enterprise called a counsell at Dunfreis sommoning the Lordes of Scotlande to appeare at the same and caused a greate number of them at theyr comming thither to doe their homage vnto him Homage to king Edward of Carnaruan as to their superiour Lorde and gouernour But diuerse yet disobeyed his commaundements and would not come at his summoning vppon trust of some chaunge of fortune by the death of his father for that the sonne was muche giuen as was reported to incline his eare to lewde counsell not without the great griefe of his people and namely of the Lords and chiefe Nobles of his realme Shortly after this the sayde Edwarde of Carnaruane returned into Englande and in the meane time Iohn Cumyn Erle of Buchquhane gathered a mightie armie both of Scottes and English men to resist agaynst king Robert that he might thereby declare his faythfull affection towardes the new English king He trusted onely with multitude of people to cause his enimies to giue place But K. Robert though he was holden with a sore sicknes at that time yet he assembled a power and caused himselfe in a Horselitter to bee caried forth with the same agaynst his enimies who abiding him at a streyght supposed it had bene an easie matter for them to haue put him to flight but it chaunced quite contrarie to their expectation for in the end the Cumyn with his whole armie was discomfited and a great number of King Roberts aduersaries slaine or taken Iohn Cumyn discomfited by king Robert at Enuerrour 1308. This vi◅torie was gotten at a village called Enuerrour tenne myles distant from Abyrdene on the Ascention baye wherewith king Robert was so muche refreshed in contentation of minde that hee was sodenly therevpon restored to his former health The same yeare Donalde of the Iles came with a great armie of English men and Scottes agaynst King Robert Donald of the Iles discomfited by Edward Bruce and was on the feast day of the Apostles Peter and Paule discomfited by Edward Bruce the kings brother at the water of Deyr At this battaile was a right valiant knight named Rowlande slaine of the English parte with a great number of other aboute him and
About the same time dyed Mariorie Bruce king Roberts daughter Shortly after also was a truce taken betwixt the two Realmes of England and Scotlande for a certaine time Then king Robert hauing no trouble neyther within his Realme A Parliament at Perth nor without caused a Parliament to be holden at Perth where he requyred the Lordes to shew their deedes and charters whereby they helde their landes The Lords after long aduisement taken herein The euidence and charters whereby the Lords of Scotlande helde their landes at length pulled out theyr swords all at once declaring that they had none other euidence nor Charters to shewe for the tenure of theyr landes King Robert was somewhat amased of this sight and tooke no small indignation therewith but yet he dissembled for the time and commended them for their noble heartes and valiant stomacks neuerthelesse he purposed to be reuenged of their proude presumptions when more oportunitie of time serued thereto Sundrie of the nobles perceiuing that the king bare an inwarde grudge towardes them for this matter Conspiracie of the Lordes agaynst king Robert deuised amongst theÌ„selues how to deliuer him into king Edwardes handes so to auoyd all daunger that might folow of his displeasure conceyued thus agaynst them For the accomplishment of this their treasonable practise they made a bonde in wryting confirmed with their handes and seales betwixt theÌ„ and minded to send the same into England vnto king Edward But king Robert hauing some ynkeling of this their purpose caused diligent watch to be layde by the way for such as shoulde passe into England froÌ„ them with the said band A Palmer taken with writings on him insomuch that in the ende a Palmer or Pylgrym was apprehended which had the bonde and other wrytings enclosed within his pylgrimes staffe King Robert vnderstanding by these writings all the maner of the treason and what they were that had consented to the same he hastily sent for the whole number of them as though there had beene some matter in hand wherein he wished to haue their aduise They were no sooner come but streyghtwayes calling them before him hee questioned with them whether they knew their owne hands and seales and immediately therewith shewed the wrytings which were found in the Palmers staffe The Lordes that had conspired are coÌ„mitted to warde and bycause they coulde not denie theyr owne acte they were committed to warde within sundrie Castelles till he had taken further aduise in the matter Incontinently after he went to Barwike and there arrested the captaine of the towne named sir William Soulis and caused him to bee conueyed vnto Perth where shortly after he called an assembly of all the estates of the realme This was called the black Parliament The blacke Parliament kept in the yeare after the incarnation of our Sauiour 1320. 1320 In this Parliament at the begynning therof was Dauid Abernethy the sisters sonne of K. Robert accused as party to the treason aforesayd though being labored vnto by the rest of the conspirators to ioyne with them therein he refused so to doe but yet for that he did not vtter the thing but concealed with them Dauid Abernethy loseth his heade he was condeÌ„ned lost his head the people sore lamenting his mishap for the great valiancy which was knowne to be in him hauing serued honorably many yeares before agaynst the Sarasins and other miscreants in the parties of beyonde the seas where he was cleped the flower of chiualry In deed the king himselfe would gladly haue saued his life but for that he minded to do iustice on the residue and finding no man to make sute for hym he permytted the execution to proceede agaynst him Among other were these Gilbert de Malet Iohn Cogi knights and Richard Bron a noble warriour Iohn Maior On the morrowe after he caused all the residue of the trayters to be brought forth to iudgement and sentence being giuen agaynst them he commaunded without delay that they should be executed Then came diuerse and sundry persons in most humble wife to make sute for pardon to the king for their friends and kinsmen but he made them plaine answere that there was none to bee founde that would make intercession for the sauing of his kinsmans life the day before when he was led to execution that had offended nothing so grieuously in comparison to them for whome they now made sute therefore he had them be contented for they shoulde assuredly haue according to y e which they had deserued Execusion wâ—…thout respite And therwith were the officers coÌ„maunded to make hast with the execution whiche was done incontinently without any further respite There were some that were accused to bee partakers in this treason but yet for that no euident proues could be produced against them they were dismissed as Walter Maxwel with Walter Berclay Shirif of Aberdene Patrike Graim Hameline Neydrinton and Eustace a Rathre knights beside eight others But yet the CouÌ„tesse of Sâ—…atherne and William de Soulis were condemned to perpetuall prison The Earle of Buchquhanes landes who suffred at that present where deuided into two parts the one being giuen to William Hay that was made Conestable of the realme in place of Iohn Quincie who likewise suffred the same time and the other part was giueÌ„ vnto William Reth togither with the office of the Stewardship of the Realme About the same time the king of England by complaynt made to the Pope A Legate sent from Rome to the Scottes purchased that a Legate was sent from the Sea Apostolike into Scotland to admonish king Robert to ceasse froÌ„ further disquieting the realme of Englande by such cruell inuasions as were surmised that hee wrongfully exercised against the same Realme But answer was made herevnto by the king and other the nobles of the realme of Scotlande The answere made to the Legate that all the worlde might well vnderstande that the whole occasion of al the trouble which had chanced betwixt the two Realmes of Englande and Scotland did only proceed of the couetous desire in the English meÌ„ seeking to conquer that realm without any iust clayme or title and therefore they thought it reason first to suppresse the loftie stomacks of the English men and then if there were any thing worthie to be reformed on theyr behalues they would be contented to stand vnto the order of the Popes authoritie therein And thus was the Legate dispatched home without other effect of his errant Shortly after K. Robert entred with an army into EnglaÌ„d wasted the country before him King Robert with an army in Scotlande til he came to the Recrosse whiche standeth vpon Stanmoore Howbeit it should seeâ—â—â— by that which R. Ri. Southwel So writeth hereof that K. Robert was not present himselfe in person in this iourney 1321 but that he appoyntâ—â— the Erle of Murrey to be his LieutenaÌ„t who with an
Englād into Scotland 461.103 Euers Raufe Knight inuadeth Scotland 463.76 spoyleth the tovvne and Abbey of Mel◅os vtterly defacing the tumbes monumentes of the Earles of Dovvglas 463.93 he is slaine at Pannier Hugh 463.115 his deth much bemoned of the Englishe men 464.8 his commendation good seruice against the scots 464.11 his seruice in the north rebellion and his valiant keeping of Skarborrough Castell at that time to the vse of K. Hērie the eight 464.20 Enuer lochtey builded 26.52 Enuernesse builded 26.63 Eufame mother to Lord Alexander of the Iles prisoned 378.97 Eufame vvise to king Robert dyeth 356.74 Eufred inuested king of Bernitia 146. 71 Eufred and Osrike forsake the christian fayth 146.84 Eufred and Osrike discomfited taken prisoners 146.94 Eufrede and Osrike stay eche other 146.95 Eugenius the eight inuested King of Scotland 155.95 Eugenius reuengeth sharpely the vvinking at crimes in his Nobilitie 15◅ 115 Eugenius peruerted vvith sensuall lust and concupiscence 155.18 Eugenius slaine by his Nobilitie 156. 37 Eugenius euill Counsaylour hanged 156.45 Eugenius the fise dieth 151.104 Eugenius the sixt created king of Scotland 151.106 Eugenius maketh a league vvith the Northumberlande men ◅5◅ 110 Eugenius taketh twoo vvyth the Pictes 151.113 Eugenius the sixt dyeth 152.8 Eugenius the seuenth elected king of Scotland 153. ◅ Eugenius cōcludeth a peace vvith the Pictes 153.11 Eugenius marieth the K. of Pictes daughter 1◅3 Eugenius suspected of his vvyues death arraigned and acquired 153. 32 Eugenius commandeth the Hystories of his predecessors to be vvritten 154.8 Eugenius the seuenth dieth 154.23 Eugenius the ◅i◅ created King of Scottes 150.30 Eugenius and Egfred conclude a truce 150.45 Eugenius the fourth chosen King of Scottes 143.7 Eugenius liberalitie tovvards seruitors and their children 135.57 Eugenius dieth 135.13 England de◅ded into seuen seuerall Kingdome 139.72 Eugenius nephevv to Conran inuested King of scotland 131.87 Eugenius suspected to be priuie of his Vncles death 131.107 Eugenius reedifieth Churches in Gallovvay and other places 143. 113 Eugenius dieth 144.7 Eugenius aduaunceth the state of his Countrey more than any of his predecessours before him 109. 91 Eugenius dieth 108 9◅ Eugenius slaine 90.2 Eugenius bodie solemnly buryed by the Romaines 90.53 Eugenius sonne to Ferg◅sius created king of scottes 102.84 Eugenius inuested king of scottes 87. 51 Eugenius encountring the Romains is vvith his armie discomfited 88.29 Eugenius giueth the onset vpō the Romaines 8◅ 37 Euill counsaylours iustly punished 156. 45 Euill husbandrie punished 181.43 Euidence and Charters vvhereby the Lordes of Scotlande holde their landes 322.20 Eubonides Iles possessed by the Scottes 5.70 Euonium looke Castel of Euomū Eutopeia sister to king Metellanus 31.55 Eustace Earle of Bollongne marieth Marie sister to King Edgar 261.26 Evvin exiled into Pictland 22.75 Evvin chosen King 22.73 Evvin aydeth the Pictes agaynste the Brytaines 23.60 Evvin dyeth 24.14 Evvin second of that name created King 25.59 Evvin nephue to Finnanus 25.60 Evvin vvaxeth sick for the death of Cadall ◅7 168 Evvin resigneth the estate to Ede◅s 27.22 Evvin deceaseth 27.24 Evvin thirde of that name made king 29.70 Evvin infained in all kinde of vyces 29.78 Evvin forsaken of his subiectes 30. 35 Evvin condemned to perpetuall prison 30.38 Evvin strangled to death 30.47 Evvins lavv altered to the Marchets of vvomen 258.10 Evve bringeth forth a lambe both male and female 135.46 Expedition into the holy lande 247 54 and 261. ◅ F. FAire of Pennire sacked 397.92 Faire Mayden of Gallovvay 387. 61 Fanconer Dauid principall Gunner to King Iames the fifth slai◅ 440. 33 Falcons stone vvhy so called ◅17 2 Family of the Stevvardes from vvhence discended 239.41 Falkeland 446.40 Familie of Skringeou◅ vvhence discended 256.54 Familie of the Percies vvhence discended 258 5◅ Family of the Gr◅ing◅ in Scotland vvhence discended 263.15 Familie of Co◅ey◅ their povver and multitude 28◅ 16 Familie of the Grayes in Scotland vvhence discended ◅77 28 Familye of the Huntleys vvhence discended 4◅6 46 Family of the Forbesse◅ vvhence discended 308.40 Familie of the Hammiltons from vvhence discended 325.50 Familie of the Ogiluies vvhence discended 276.63 Familie of the Lions in Scotlande vvhence discended 358.47 Family of the Hepborns in Scotland vvhence discended 364 1◅ Famous families discending from Hyberus 4.88 Fa◅dufus suceeedeth Brek in the kingdome 5.59 Fast Castell recouered by a train 479. 115 Fast Castell vvon by the English men 469.67 Fealtie done to the Captaynes of tribes 22.16 Feare of Corbreid Galdes puyssance put the Romaines in feare 52. 3◅ Fenellas malicious and craftie deuice to reuenge hirselfe vpon K. Kenneth 221.33 Fenella escapeth into Irelande 221 96 Fenella daughter to Cruthneth 217. 28 Fenedocht T◅ane of Athole 170. 23 Fernihurst castell vvon 477.38 Frenchmen in greate miserie in Scotland 478.10 Finvvicke VVilliam taken prisoner by the Scottes 435.33 Feritharis chosen and crovvned king of Scots 11.94 Ferrerio Gio◅an cited 400.48 Feredeth slaine and his army fleeeth by night 170.47 Feredeth the fourth king of Picts 167. 5 Feredeth taketh avvay the priuiledges from the Cleargie and giftes from Saint Andrevves Church vvhich Hangus gaue them 167.7 Feredeth chosen king of Pictes 169. 24 Feredethes ansvvere to the Scottish Ambassadors 169.38 Ferlegus sonne to Fergusius demaundeth the crovvne of Feritharis 12.15 Ferlegus almost torn in peeces by the people 12.18 Ferlegus vvith his complices fleeth to the Pictes and aftervvard to the Brytaines 12.33 Feritharis dieth sodainlye in the night 12 28 Feritharis death suspected 12 30 Fergusius son to Ferquhardus 7.34 Fergusius sent vvith an huge army into Scotland to ayde the Scots 7. 36 Fergusius carieth the Marble sent vvith him into Scotlande in hope to be king 7.38 Fergusius crovvned king of Scotlande 7.72 Fergusius the first absolute gouernour of the Scottishe Nation that ruled in Albion 7.73 Fergusius banner discribed 7.91 Fergusius first bare the rampaunt Lion in Albion vvhiche the Kings since successiuely haue borne 7.98 Fergusius assembleth a greate povver agaynst the Britaines 9.81 Fergusius first coūsayled the Scots to occupie their landes in seuerall 10.30 Fergusius deuiseth lavves and statutes 10.65 Fergusius sayling into Irelande vvas drovvned returning home vvarde 10.88 Fergusius sonne to Erthus 94.57 Fergusius sent vvith a povver agaynst the Romains 94.73 Fergusius bringeth a chest of monuments from Rome 94.85 Fergusius returneth into Denmarke 94.105 Fergusius sendeth messengers to the dispersed Scottes concerning their returne intoo Scotlande 95.36 Fergusius prepareth to come ouer ouer into Scotland 95.45 Fergusius arriueth in Murrey Fyrth 95 200 Fergusius renueth the auncient league betvveene the Scottes and Pictes 96.38 Fergusius proclaimed K. of Scotland 96 38 Fergusius proclaimed k. of Scotland 96.58 Fergusius first King of Scottes in Scotlād as some suppose 96.80 Fergusius and the Romains ioyne in battaile 97.26 Fergusius maried to Graius daughter 97.104 Fergusius inuadeth the confines of Brytaine 98 10 Fergusius repayreth churches and prouideth liuings for religious persons 100.10 Fergusius in time of peace repayreth his castels 100.24 Fergusius slaine 102.17 Fergusius bodie taken vp
the Lordes of the land chose the Earle of Ormond to be Lord Iustice The Erle of Ormond Loâ—… iustice In the fift yeare of Henrie the fourth Iohn Colton Archbishop of Ardmagh the .xxvij. 1404 The Archbishop of Ardmagh deceassed of Aprill departed this life vnto whome Nicholas Stoning succeeded The same yeare on the day of Saint Vitale the martir the parliameÌ„t of Dublin began before the Erle of Ormond then lord Iustice of IrelaÌ„d where the statutes of Kilkenny and Dublin were confirmed and likewise the charter of Ireland 1405 In the sixt yeare of Henry the fourth in the Month of May three Scottish barks were takeÌ„ two at greene castell and one at Alkey with captaine Macgolagh The same yeare the Marchants of Drodagh entred Scotland and tooke prayes and pledges Also on the euen of the feast day of the .vij. brethren Oghgard was burnt by the Irish And in Iune Syr Stephen Scrope that was come again into Ireland returned eftsoones into Englande leauing the Earle of Ormonde Lorde Iustice of Irelande About the same time they of Dublin entred Scotland at Saint Ninian The Citizens of Dublin inuade Scotland and valiantly behaued themselues agaynste the enimies and after crossing the Seas directed theyr course into Wales and did muche hurt to the Welchmen They inuade Wales bringing from thence the shrine of Saint Cubins and placed it in the Churche of the Trinitie in Dublin The Erle of Ormond deceaseth Iames Butler Earle of Ormonde dyed at Baligam whilest he was Lorde Iustice vnto whome succeeded Geralde Earle of Kildare The same yeare the Prior of Conall in the plaine of Kildare fought manfully with the Irish and vanquished two hundred that were wel armed sleaing part of them and chasing the residue out of the field and the Prior had not wyth him past the number of .xx. H. Marl. English men but god as saith mine Author assisted those that put their trust in him The same yeare after Michaelmas Stephen Scrope Deputie Iustice to the Lorde Thomas of Lancaster the kings sonne and his lieutenant of Ireland A Parliament at Dublin came againe ouer into Irelande and in the feast of Saint Hillarie was a Parliament holden at Dublyn which in Lent after was ended at Trim. And Meiller de Brimmingham slue Cathole Oconhur aboute the ende of Februarie In the yere .1407 a certain false and heathnish wretch 1407 an Irish man named Mac Adam Mac Gilmore that had caused .xl. Churches to be destroyed Corbi what it is signifieth as be that was neuer christened and therfore called Corbi chaunced to take prisoner one Patrike Sauage and receyued for his raunsome two M. Markes though afterwardes hee slue him togither with his brother Richard The same yere in the feast of the exaltation of the Crosse Stephen Scrope deputie to the Lorde Thomas of Lancaster with the Earles of Ormonde and Desmond and the Prior of Kilmaynam and diuerse other captaynes and men of warre of Meith set from Dublin and inuaded the lande of Mac Murche where the Irish came into the field and skirmished with them so as in the former part of the day they put the English power to the worse but at length the Irishe were vanquished chased so that Onolan with his sonne and diuerse other were taken prisoners But the English captaines aduertised here y t the Burkeyns Okerol in the countie of Kilkenny had for the space of two days togither done much mischief they rode with al speed vnto the town of CallaÌ„ there encountring with the aduersaries manfully put theÌ„ to flight slue Okerol .viij. C. Okeroll slaâ—â— others There went a tale and belieued of many that the Sunne stood stil for a space that day tyll the Englishmen had ridden sixe myles so muche was it thoughte that GOD fauoured the Englishe part in this enterprise if wee shall beleeue it The same yeare the Lorde Stephan Scrope passed once againe ouer into Englande and Iames Butler Erle of Ormonde was elected by the countrey Lord Iustice of Ireland In the dayes of this king Henry the fourth the Inhabitants of Corke beeing sore afflicted with perpetual oppressions of their Irish neighbors coÌ„plained themselues in a generall writing directed to the lord of Rutland Corke the kings deputie there to the counsell of the realme then assembled at Dublin which letter bycause it openeth a window to behold the state of those parties and of the whole realme of Ireland in those dayes we haue thought good to set down here as it hath bin entred by Campion according to the copie deliuered to him by Francis Agard Esquire one of y e Queenes Maiesties priuie counsell in Ireland A letter from Corke out of an old recorde that beareth no daâ—…e IT may please your wisedomes to haue pity on vs the kings poore subiects within y e couÌ„tie of Cork or else we are cast away for euer For where there are in this couÌ„ty these lords by name beside knights esquiers gentlemen yeomen to a great number that might dispend yerely .viij. C. poundes .vj. C. poundes .iiij. C. poundes two C. an hundred pounds an hundred Marks twentie pounds .xx. marks ten pounds some more some lesse to a great number beside these Lordes First the Lorde Marques Caro his yearely reuenues was besyde Dorzey hauen and other creekes two M. two C. pounds sterling The Lord Barneuale of Beerhauen his yerely reuenues was beside Bodre hauen and other creekes M. vj. C. pounds sterling â—…hinke rather greene castell The Lorde Vggan of the great Castell hys yearely reuenue beside his hauens and creekes xiij thousand poundes The Lord Balram of Enfort his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes M. CCC pound sterling The Lorde Curcy of Kelbretton his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes a thousande two hundred pound sterling The Lorde Mandeuile of Barenstelly his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes M. two hundred pound sterling The Lorde Arundell of the Strand his yearely reuenues beside haueÌ„s and creekes a thousand fiue hundred pounds sterling The Lord Barod of the gard his yearely reuenue beside haueÌ„s creekes M. C. pouÌ„ds sterling The Lord Steyney of Baltmore his yearely reuenue besides hauens creekes .viij. C. lb sterl The Lord Roch of Poole castell his yearly reuenues besyde hauâ—…ns and creekes ten thousande poundes sterling The kings Maiestie hath the landes of the late yong Barry by forfeyture the yearely reuenue wherof beside two riuers and creekes and al other casualties is M. viij C. pound sterling And that at the ende of this Parliament your Lordship with the kings most noble couÌ„sell may come to Corke call before you al these Lords other Irish men and bind them in pain of losse of life lands goods that neuer one of them do make warre vpon an other withoute licence or commaundement of you my lord deputie the kings counsel for the vtter destruction of these partes is that
of them so that those that should afterwardes enioy them shoulde acknowledge themselues to holde them of him in yeelding an yerely rent to him and his successors for euer with certayne other prouisions whereby in cases of forfeyture the same landes shoulde returne to him and hys sayde successors agayne The like order he appoynted to bee vsed by other possessors of lands in letting them foorth to their Tenauntes Hee ordeyned also that y e Tearmes should be kept four times in the yere in suche places as he should nominate and that the Iudges should sit in their seuerall places to iudge and decide causes and matters in controuersie betwixte partie and partie in manner as is vsed vnto thys day Hee decreed moreouer that there shoulde bee Sherifes in euery shire and Iustices of the peace to keepe the countreys in good quiet and to see offendors punished Furthermore hee instituted the Court of the Excheker The Excheker and the officers belōging to the same as the Barons the Clearkes The Chancerie and such other also y e high Court of the Chancerie And after he had in this wise ordeyned his Magistrates and Ministers of the lawes hee lastly tooke order what ordināces he would haue obserued and therevpon abrogating in manner all the aunciente lawes vsed in times past and instituted by the former Kyngs for the good order and quietnesse of the people he made new New lawes nothing so equall or easie to bee kept the whiche neuerthelesse those that came after not withoute theyr greate harme were constreyned to obserue as though it had bin an high offence against God to abolishe those euill lawes which King William being a Prince nothing friēdly to the English nation had firste ordeyned and to bring in other more easie and tollerable ▪ neyther can I in this place omitte to giue a note of that whiche may seeme to such as do indifferently consider of things a greate absurditie videlicet that those lawes whiche touched all men and ought to bee knowen of all men were notwithstanding written in the Norman tong The lawes were written in the Normā tong which the Englishmen vnderstood not so that euen at the beginning you should haue great numbers partly by the iniquitie of the lawes and partly by ignorance in misconstruing the same to bee wrongfully condemned some to deathe and some in the forfeyture of their goodes other were so ent◅ngled in sutes and causes that by no meanes they knew how to get out but continually were tossed as a post to ◅ler in suche wise that in their mindes they cured the tyme that euer these vnequall lawes were made The manner for the trial of causes in controuersie was deuised in such sort as is yet vsed Matters to be tried by a iurie of .12 mē Twelue aunciēt men but most commonly vnlearned in the lawes beeing of the same Countie where the sute lay were appoynted by y e Iudges to goe togither into some close chamber where they should bee shut vp till vpon diligent examination of the matter they shoulde agree vpon the condemnation or acquiting of the prisoner if it were in criminall causes or vppon the deciding in whom the right remayned if it were vpō triall of things in controuersie and when they were once agreed these .12 men as it were the .12 Apostles y t in the nūber yet some respect of religion euen wise appere came in before the iudges declaring what they had agred vpon which done the iudges opened it to y e offēdors or sutors and withall they pronounced them according as the qualitie of y e cause did inforce and require Thus at the firste were the twelue men appoynted and the same order is still obserued in matters of controuersie vnto this day their iudgemente also or consent is called a verdict that is to saye a true saying but I woulde to God that name myghte rightly and with good cause be euer applyed therto that men mighte haue their causes iustly adiudged rather than preiudiced by the verdictes of suche freeholders as are accustomed to serue the Prince and their Countreys at assises and Sessions There may happily be as Polidor Vergill sayth that will mayneteyne how this manner of proceeding in the administration of iustice by the voyces of a Iurie was in vse before the Conqueroures dayes but they are not able so to prooue it by any auntient recordes of writers as he thynketh albeit by some of our histories they shoulde seeme to bee firste ordeyned by Ethelred or Egelred But this is most true that the Norman Kings themselues would confesse that the lawes deuised and made by the Conqueroure were not most equall in so muche that William Rufus and Henry the sonnes of the Conquerour would at all times whē they sought to purchase the peoples fauor promise to abolish the lawes ordeyned by theyr father and establishe other more equall and to restore those whiche were vsed by Kyng Edwardes dayes The lyke kynde of purchasing fauoure was vsed by King Stephen and other Kings that followed him But their meaning was so far to the contrary that their deedes declared theyr dissimulatiō so that many of those Norman lawes remayne in force euen vnto these dayes The cause as some thinke is for that they make more to the Princes behoofe than to the commoditie of the people But now to the matter King William after hee hadde made these ordinances to keepe the people in order hee set his minde to enriche his cofers and therevppō he first appoynted a tribute to be leuied of the cōmons then hee caused the Abbeyes to be searched Math. Paris Mat. VVest VVil. Malm. VVi. Thorne Abbeys searched Polidor Simon Dun. and all suche money as any of the Englishmen hadde layde vp in the same to bee kepte and likewise their charters of priuileges made to them by the Saxon Kyngs of the lande hee seased into hys handes and spared not so muche as the iewels and plate dedicate to sacred vses And all this did hee as some write by counsell of the Earle of Hertford The first for that hee had wrongfully holden that Bishopricke whilest the Archbishop Roberte was liuing Secondly for that hee kepte also the See of Winchester in his handes after his inuestiture vnto Canterbury whiche hee ought not to haue done The cause why Thomas was depriued if the writers dissemble not though to mee it seeme vnlikely was for that hee had holpen Duke William toward his iourney into England when hee came to conquer it for the which pleasure to him then shewed the Duke promised hym a Byshopricke if euer hee obteyned the victory of the Englishe the other for that he was a Priestes sonne Furthermore when the Pope vnderstoode the full ground of their contention for the primacie of the two Sees Canterbury and Yorke VVil. Malm. and had heard what could be alledged on both sydes he remitted the determination thereof to the Kyng and Byshops of England that by
king of England seeketh to haue some quarel why he may refuse to mary with my sister For these are but forged matters and no truth resteth in them When the King of Englande vnderstode this maner of answere he replied in this wise â–ª That as for the Frenche kings sister he might not marry for as muche as he was able to produce good witnes to proue that his father had lyen with hir and got a child of hir And as for his priuie proceedings and practise with Tancrede he neded no further testimonie than his owne hande and his seale the partie himselfe being present who receiued them the messenger also being not far off that carried them betweene bothe the parties When the Frenche kyng was thoroughly enfourmed of the firste point through councell of the Earle of Flanders and others hee pacifyed hym selfe and was contented to release the king of England of his faith giuen by othe for the contract 〈◊〉 with his sister Alice 〈◊〉 inconsideration of whiche release the Kyng of Englande coueâ—…nted to gyue yearely to the Frenche Kâ—… two thousande Markes of sterlyng coyne for the terme of fyue yeares togyther And at â—…iâ—… returne home it was agreed that he shâ—…ld also delyâ—… vnto the French Kyng hys syster the sayde Ladye Alyce wyth the Towne of Gysours and all other thynges whiche the Frenche Kyng hadde graunted to hym with his sayde sister On the other part the French kyng graunted that the Duchye of Brytaine shoulde appertayne to the domynion of the Duâ—…e of Normandye so as the Duke of Brytaine should be accompted the liege man of the Duke of Normandye and that the duke of Normandie should answer the French king for bothe the Duchies as well of Brytayne as Normandie These agreementes were ratified and confirmed with solemne othes reciued and charters giuen vnder their hands and seales vpon the .xxx. day of Marche And herewith the Frenche king nowe that the seasonable tyme of the yeare was come The Frenche king setteth foorth from Messina tovvardes the holy lande set forwarde towarde the Holye lande leauyng King Richarde behynde him in Sicile And the two twentie day after his setting foorthe from Messina he arriued at the siege of Arâ—… or Acon The same day also that the Frenche King departed from Messina Queene Eleanor the mother of king Richard arriued there brynging with his the lady â—…ingâ—… 〈…〉 mâ—…ter of â—…ctius the kyng of â—…anarre and the fourth day after Quene Elinore toke leaue of her sonne King Richarde Quene Elynor returneth by Rome and departed hâ—…warde towardes Englande taking hir â—…an by Râ—…e for the â—…sinesse of Geffrey the 〈◊〉 of Yorke as to intreat the Pope that he would confirme and consecrate him Aâ—…bishâ—… 〈◊〉 to autorise some other to doe it in his 〈◊〉 â—…eâ—… 〈◊〉 â—…eâ—…engaria remayned behind with the Kings sister â—…onâ—… Qâ—…ne of â—…eâ—… Kyng Richarde then vnderstanding thys iniurie to him doone by the Cypriotes perceyuing they woulde resiste his landyng he prepared hym selfe and his people to enter vpon them by force The king of Cypres Isakius or Cursach whome Houeden nameth Emperour of Cypres had assembled the most parte of all the power of men that he myght make though fewe of them were armed or hadde any greate skill in feates of warre and caused theÌ„ to set boords logs of wood henches formes and great chestes afore theÌ„ as a defence and as it were in steed of a wal that by succour therof they mighte the better keepe off their enemie from landing but king Richarde so encouraged his menne by his presence and suche comfortable wordes as he vttered vnto them that rowing to the shoare with their Galeyes and small boates hauyng the Archers afore them they easily got a lande droue theyr enimyes backe The Englishemen take lande chase their enimies and chased them so farre as they being but footemen wetherbeaten weary and we at conueniently myghte for the shortenesse of the tyme. King Richarde hauing thus got â—â—te a land â—…srun approched the towne of Limeszun which he wyth hys souldyers entred and fyndyng it emptie of people the which were stedde away but full of riches and great plentie of victuals as corne wine oyle and fleshe he seyzed therevpon King Richard accepted these offers and so the king of Cypres came in sware fealtie to kyng Richard in presence of the king of Ierusalem the Prince of Antioche and other barons and promised vppon his othe then receyued not to departe till all thinges couenaunted on hys parte were performed Then king Richarde assigned tentes for him and his to lodge in and appointed certayne knyghtes other men of warre to haue the custody of him but the same day after dinner vpon repentaunce of that which he had done he deceiued his kepers stale away sending knowledge backe to the king that he woulde not stande to the couenauntes which wer concluded vpon betwixt them King Richarde seemed to like the matter well inoughe and forthwith deliuered a parte of his army vnto the king of Ierusalem and to the Prince of Antioche appointing them to pursue the king of Cipres by laÌ„de whylest her with one parte of his Gallies and Roberte de Turneham with the other mighte searche aboute the coaste by sea to prohibite his passage by water In euery place where they came suche shippes and Gallies as they found they seazed into their handes and no resistance was made againste them by reason the people fled to the woods and mountains leauing the cities townes and castelles boyd in all steedes where the King or the saide sir Roberte de Thorneham with theyr vesselles began to appeare When they had taken their plesure thus alongst the coastes they retourned againe vnto Limeszun After the solempnitie of this mariage and coronation ended king Richarde set foreward with his army into the countrey of Cipres and first wanne by surrender the citie of Nichosia and after the strong castell of Cherin within the whiche was the daughter of the king of Cipres whiche Ladie humbly yelded hir selfe vnto king Richard who hauing pitie of hir case sent hir to his wyfe the newe Queene willyng that she might be honorably vsed From thence passing forward these castels were deliuered into his hands Castels deliueâ—… the â—…ng 〈◊〉 â—…ande Baffes and Buffevent Den Amur CaÌ„dace and afterwards all the other castels and cities townes and places of strengthe within that Isle one after an other Finally hearing that the king of Cipres was enclosed in an Abbey called Cap S Andrew he marched thitherwards but when the king of Cypres hearde of his approche he came foorth and submitted himselfe wholly into his hands The K. of Cypres agayn submitteth himseâ—… to the king of Englande Rafe Fitz Geâ—…frey The king fyrste appointed him to the keping of his chamberlain Rafe Fitz Geffrey and after sent him vnto the Citie of Tripoli there to be kept in close prison Who when he heard he should
first A firebâ—… disâ—â— There was brought forth and also read an ancient Charter made somtime by Henry the first which Charter StepheÌ„ the Archbishop of Canterburie had deliuered vnto them before in the Citie of London conteyning the grant of certain liberties according to the lawes of king Edwarde the Confessor profitable to the Church and Barons of the Realme which they purposed to haue vniuersallye executed ouer all the lande And therefore beeyng thus assembled in the Queere of the Church of Saint Edmond The Baâ—… receiue 〈◊〉 to mainâ—… their quaâ—… they receyue a solemne othe vpon the Aulter there that if the king would not grant to the same liberties with others which he of his own accord had promised to confirme vnto them they would from thenceforth make warre vpon him till they had obteyned theyr purpose and enforced him to graunt not onely to al these their petitions but also yeeld to the confirmation of them vnder his seale for euer to remaine most stedfast and inuiolate â—…ewell The chiefe cause that moued the Lordes to this conspiracie rose by reason the king demaunded Escuagâ—… of them that refused to go with him into Poictou and they on the other part mainteyned that they were not bounde to pay it for any warres whiche the king made in the parties of beyonde the Seas But hee to proue that hee ought to haue it declared howe in his fathers and brothers tyme it was payed and therefore hee ought to haue it Much adoe there was aboute this matter at the first broching thereof and more adoe there had beene if the Legates presence had not somewhat stayed the parties But after they had gotten the charter of K. Henrie the first at the handes of the brew bate the Archb. of Cant. they made such an interpretation thereof that supposing it to serue their turnes they proceeded in their wilfull opinions as aboue is mentioned And finally it was determined amongst them that shortly after Christmasse they shoulde go to the king and require of him that they might haue those lawes restored which hee had promised to them as is aforesayde But forasmuch as they knew well that their request would not be thankfully accepted in the meane time they prouided themselues of horse armour and other furniture for the warre thereby to be in the better readinesse and safegarde if in exhibiting their request the matter did grow to any such enforcement They appoynted also diuerse of the most auncient lords to moue the sayde matter to the king in all their names who was as then at Worcester and being aduertised of this conspiracie as soone as the feast of Christmasse was past he went streight to London 1215 â—…at Par. â—…lidore thither came the Lordes also wyth like speede leauing their men in the townes and villages abrode to be readie vpon any sodaine warning to come vnto them if neede shoulde so require Being come into his presence they require of him that it might please him â—…e Lordes â—…sent their â—…uest to the â—…g first to appoynt the exercise and vse of those auncient lawes vnto them by the which the kings of EnglaÌ„d in times past ruled their subiects secondly that according to his promise he woulde abrogate those newer lawes which euerie man might with good cause name mere wrongs rather than lawes and thirdly they require of him the performance of al other things whiche hee had most faythfully of late vndertaken to obserue The king though somwhat contrarie to his nature hauing heard their request gaue them a very gentle answere For perceyuing them ready with force to constrayne him if by gentlenesse they might not preuayle he thought it should be more safe and easie for him to turne their vnquiet mindes with soft remedies than to goe about to breake them of their willes by strong hand which is a thing verie daungerous especially where both parties are of like force The king promiseth to consider of their requests Therefore he promised them within a few dayes to haue consideration of their request And to the intent they might giue the more credite to his wordes he caused the Archbishop of Canterburie and the Bishop of Eke with William Marshall Earle of Pembrooke vnto whom he had giuen his daughter Elenor in maryage to vndertake for him and as it were to become his sureties which willingly they did Herewith the myndes of the nobilitie being somewhat pacified they returned home to theyr houses The king soone after also Math. Paris to assure hymselfe the more effectually of the allegeance of his people in tyme to come The king demaundeth a new othe of allegeance of his subiects caused euery man to renne his homage and to take a newe othe to be faythfull to him agaynst all other persons And to prouide the more surely for himself on Candlemasse day next ensuing he tooke vpon him the Crosse to goe into the holye lande The king taketh on him the crosse whiche I thinke he did rather for feare than any deuotion as was also thought by other to the ende that he might vnder the protection thereof remaine the more out of daunger of such as were his foes Some say that a great part of this variance that chaunced betwene king Iohn and his Barons The causes of the discorde betwixt the king and his Barons Fabian Caxton The Earle of Chester was bycause the king would without skilfull doome haue exiled the Earle of Chester and for none other occasion than for that he had often tymes aduised him to leaue his cruel dealing and also his accustomed adulterie with his brothers wife and others Other write that the same dissention rose by reason of the great crueltie Hec. Boetius The kings couetousnesse and vnreasonable auarice which the king vsed towardes all the estates and degrees of his subiects as wel towards them of the spiritualtie as of the temporaltie The Prelates therefore of the realme sore repining at his doings The repining of the Cleargy agaynst the king for that they could not paciently suffer such exaction to be leuied of their liuings contrarie as they tooke it to the libertie of the Church founde meanes through practise to perswade both the kings of Scotland Fraunce to ayde and support them against him by linking themselues togither with sundrie Noble men of England But these seeme to bee coniectures of such wryters as were euill affected towardes the kings cause Nowe therefore to the sequele of the matter Polidor The king hauing sent away the Barons with a gentle answere though he minded nothing lesse than to satisfie them in that they did demaunde bycause it made much agaynst his royall prerogatiue and therewith forseeing that the matter woulde be like to growe at length to bee tried by force he beganne to doubt his owne estate and therefore he prepared an army and fortefied dyuerse Castelles and places with men munition and vitayles into the which he myght
denyed the Nobles and other estates excusing the pouertie amongest all degrees of menne A subsedie demaunded and denied by many euident reasons Herevpon the Byshop of Winchester beeing a verye eloquent and well languaged man The Bishop of Winchesters counsell giuen to the king openly counsayleth the King to fauour his people whome hee had alreadie made poore and bare with continuall trybutes and exactions and if so it were that hee stoode in suche neede as was alledged that then he shoulde take into his hands again such possessions and things which during the time of his yong yeares hee had bestowed vpon his seruants without any good aduised consideration for lacke of rype iudgement and discretion and againe to take from certaine couetous persons who now were become Horsleches and Caterpyllers in the common welth all such offices as they helde and had verie much abvsed causing them to yeelde vp their accountes and to vse theÌ„ after the maner of sponges so that where hee had in tymes past made them full of moysture he might nowe wring them drie following herein the example of Vespasian And by this meanes it was not to be doubted but he shuld haue ynough of his owne without doing iniury to any man The king followeth the Bishop of Winchesters counsaile The king gaue verie good eare to the Byshoppes wordes and following his counsayle caused his receyuers treasurers and other suche as had medled wyth any of his receytes to come to a reckening And vnderstanding by the Auditours appoynted to take theyr accountes that the most parte of them had receyued much more and by other meanes than they had entred into theyr reckening he compelled them to restore it out of hand with interest Also he caused the Magistrates to be called to a reckening and many of them beeing conuicted of fraude were condemned to make restitution And amoÌ„g other Mat. Par. Ranulfe Brytainer Peter de Riuales Reynulf BrytoÌ„ treasorer of his chamber was put beside his office fined at M. markes in whose place was set Peter de Riuales or after some copies de Oruiales a Poictouin nephew or rather son to the Bishop of Winchester by whose aduice the king tooke a more straite account of his officers and often remoued suche as he adiudged guiltie The Earle of Kent discharged of his office of chiefe Iustice Mat. Par. At the same time also Hubert Erle of Kent was deposed from the office of high Iustice and Stephen Segraue appoynted in his roumth The said Hubert bycause he refused to satisfie a certaine duetie which was demaunded of him to the kings vse ranne so farre into his displeasure that he durst not abide hys sight The Earle of Kent taketh Sanctuarie but for safegarde of himselfe got him to the Abbey of Merton and there tooke Sanctuarie The king hearing of this his demeaner was so highly offended withall that he sent to the Londoners willing them to go thither and fetche him to his presence The Londoners which in no wise loued him bycause of the death of their Citizen Constantine were verie readie to accomplish this comaundement The Câ—… of Loâ—… good 〈◊〉 towarâ—… Earle 〈◊〉 insomuch that where the Maior ouernight late declared to them the effect of the kings commission there were .xx. M. of them in armor gotten forwarde early in the morning towards Merton in full hope nowe to be reuenged of him for the small good will that hee had borne vnto their citie heretofore But the king being informed by the Erle of Chester and others that if the Londoners being thus in armor in so great a number should coÌ„mit any other outrage by the way the matter might grow to some such inconuenience as would not easily be stayed he sent to them a countermaund to returne back to the citie againe which they did though sorie in their harts that they might not go through with their so desired an enterprise Furthermore see here the mutabilitie of fortune and hir inconstancie for now that the Erle of Kent was thus out of the kings fauour there were few or none of those whom he had before bin beneficiall vnto that shewed themselues as friends louers vnto him but al forsooke and were redie to say the worst of him except only the the Archbishop of Dubline who yet obteyned of the king respite for him to make answere vnto such things as shoulde lawfully be obiected agaynst him both for the debt which shoulde bee due to the king and also vpon poynts of treason which were now layde to his charge After this as the sayde Hubert would haue gone to S. Edmondsbury in Suffolk where his wife as then remayned he was apprehended at Burntwood in Essex within a Chapel there as sayth Fabian But as Math. Paris hath Mat. â—… sir Robert de Cranecombe with three hundred armed men was sent to apprehende him by the Kings commaundement and so he was taken in a village belonging to the Bishop of Norwiche in Essex and by the kings commaundement cast into prison but yet afterwardes he was recoÌ„ciled to the kings fauor after he had lien foure Monthes in prison and .xiij. Monethes banished the Court. In this yeare on the exaltation of the Crosse A subâ—… graâ—… a Parliaâ—… holden 〈◊〉 Lambâ—… at Lambeth in the assemble of the states there a subsedie was graunted to the king of the .xl. part of euerie mans goodes towardes the discharge of his debtes which he ought to the Earle of Brytayne Also in the beginning of the .xvij. An. Râ—… yeare of his raigne Raynulfe Earle of Chester and Lincolne departed thys lyfe the .xxvj. daye of October Mat. Pâ—… Ranchâ—… of Cheâ—… parteth 〈◊〉 life whose bodie was buried at Chester and his bowels at Walingford where he died This Erle Ranulf was thrice maried first to Constance daughter and keyre to Conan Earle of Brytayne and Richmonde Earle Pâ—… thrice 〈◊〉 and so in ryght of hir was intituled Earle of those two places which Constance had bin first maried vnto Geffrey the third sonne of king Henrie the seconde by whom shee had issue Arthure as before ye haue heard But by Erle Ranulfe she had no issue at all but was from him diuorced and afterwardes maried vnto Guy vicont de Touars Then after that Erle Ranulf was so deuorced from the sayd Constance â—…is ClemeÌ„ce 〈◊〉 daughter â—…le Ferrers he maried a Lady named Clemence and after hir deceasse he maried the thirde time the Ladie Margaret daughter to Humfrey de Bohun Erle of Hereford and Essex Conestable of England but he neuer had issue by any of those his wiues â—…e partition â—…is landes so that Iohn Scot hys nephew by his syster Mawde succeeded him in the Earledome of Chester and William Dalbeney Earle of Arundell nephew to him by his syster Mabell had the Manour of Barrow and other landes that belonged to the sayde Ranulfe of the yearely value of fiue hundred pounds Robert
against certayne of them that were his roâ—… sins as the Earle of Pembroke and others Finally when the Lordes were in doubte which way to worke for their owne safeties they caused the Parliament to be proroged The 〈…〉 till y e 〈◊〉 of Saint Barnabe then to begin againe at Oxforde In the meane time the Lords of the Realme as the Earles of Gloucester Leicester Hereforde and Northfolke with other did confederate theÌ„selues togither bycause they stoode in feare to bee entrapped by the Kings subtile sleightes and by the craftie wiles of those straungers which he reteyned against them The same yere by y e wind which continually certayne monethes togyther kept Northerly the floures with other growing things were so hindered that vnneth they appeared to any purpose A 〈◊〉 till y e most parte of Iune was past wherevpon the hope of receyuing the frutes of the earth was quite taken away A deâ—… accoâ—… with 〈◊〉 and so vppon the great dearth that happened a sore deathe and mortalitie followed for want of necessary foode to susteyne the languishing bodyes of the poore people They dyed so thicke that there were greate pittes made in Churchyardes to lay the dead bodies in one vpon an other About the feast of the Ascention Seâ—…l 〈◊〉 of Yâ—… pâ—…lâ—…e Seuall the Archbyshop of Yorke departed this life the which constantly had resisted the tyrannie of the Court of Rome in defence of his Churche suffering in this world many greeuous tribulatioÌ„s but now was remoued from thence vnto the Kingdome of Heauen Mat. 〈◊〉 to be Crowned with the elect for hys good deseruings as was then certainely belieued About this time also a great number of Poictouins were come into Englande by reason of their aliance and cosynage to the King the whiche by the Kings fauour being highly aduaunced began to waxe proude thereof and to require to be restored vnto such lands and liuings as beforetime they had possessed The Kâ—… halfe 〈◊〉 Namely the Kyngs halfe breethren Athelmare or Odomare that was a Priest with William Geffrey and Guy these were the sonnes of Hugh le Brun Earle of Marche by his wife Queene Isabell the mother of Kyng Henry and being come into England shewed themselues very loftie and high minded partly bycause of the Cousinage to the Kyng and partly by reason of his courteous entertaining of them in so muche that they forgetting themselues began to despise vpon a presumptuous pride the English Nobilitie looking still for prefermente of honor aboue all other And surely Odomare obteyned at the firste a great peece of his purpose beeyng made by the Kyngs gifte Byshoppe of Winchester and by that meanes bare a stout porte and greately holpe his other brethren The English Barons not well able to suffer such presumption in straungers who seemed to haue them in derision compleyned to the Kyng in so much that at length as well for a reformation heereof as in other things a Parliamente was called as before yee haue hearde fyrste at London and after reiorned â–ª to Oxeforde there to be assembled about the feast of Saint Barnabie in the moneth of Iune This of some writers is named Insanum Parliamentum â—…sanum â—…rliamentuÌ„ that is to say the madde Parliamente for at this Parliamente to the whiche the Lords came with great retinues of armed men for the better safegarde of their persons manye things in the same were enacted contrary to the Kings pleasure and his royall prerogatiue For the Lords at the firste determined to demaunde the confirmation of the auntient charter of liberties which his father Kyng Iohn had graunted and hee himselfe had so often promised to obserue and maynteyne signifying playnely that they meant to pursue their purpose and intent herein not sparing eyther for losse of life â—…e demaund the Lordes lands or goods according to that they had mutually giuen theyr faythes by ioyning of handes as the manner in such cases is accustomed Besides the graunt of the greate charter they required other things necessary for the state of the common wealthe to bee established and enacted â—…dinances â—…de It was therefore fyrste enacted that all the Poictouins should auoide the land togither with other straungers and that neyther the King nor his sonne Prince Edwarde shoulde in anye secrete manner ayde them agaynste the people â—…oth exacâ—… of the K. Moreouer that the Kyng and hys sonne should receyue an othe to stande vnto the decrees and ordinances of that Parliament and withall speede to restore the auntient lawes and institutions of ther Realme whyche they both did rather constreyned therevnto by feare than of any good will â—…nd so not only the Kyng himselfe but also his sonne Prince Edwarde râ—…d an oth to obserue the ordinances of that ParliameÌ„t But Iohn Earle Warren â–ª and the Kyngs halfe breethren namely the Earle of Pembroke refused that othe and likewise the Lord Henry sonne to the Kyng of Almayne excused himselfe by his fathers absence without whose consent he would not receyue it vnto whome thys aunswere was made that if his father would not consente to the agreemente of the Baronage hee shoulde not possesse one fourrough of lande within thys Realme Also whereas the Earle of Leicester resigned the Casâ—…s of Kenelworth and Odiham into the Kyngs handes the which he had lately receiued by his gifte and newly repaired them the Earle of Pembroke and his other brethreÌ„ sware deepely that they woulde for no mans pleasure giue ouer suche Castels rentes and Wardships of theirs as they had of the Kyngs gift The Earle of Leicester threatneth the Earle of Pembroke but the Earle of Leicester tolde the Earle of Pembroke flatly and playnely that he shoulde eyther render them vp or else he shoulde be sure to lose his head â–ª and thys saying was confyrmed by the generall voyces of all other the Barons bycause it was a speciall article concluded amongst other in that Parliament The Kings halfe breethren The Kings halfe brethren shift away perceyuing which way the worlde wente stoode in doubt of themselues and secretely therevpon departed froÌ„ Oxforde and firste withdrewe vnto Winchester â–ª where Odomare one of the same breethren was Bishop through whose support and by reason of the strength of such Castels as he held they trusted to be in more safetie but finally perceyuing themselues not to be so out of daunger sith the Barons minded to pursue them about the eightenth day of Iuly They departe the Realme they departed the Realme with a greate number of other of their countreymen and amoÌ„gst those William de Saint Heeman the Kyngs karuer was one Richard Gray Captayne of Douer Castell and Lorde warden of the portes In the meane while one Richard Gray Chateillayne of Douer Castell a right valiant man and a faithfull suffred no man to passe that ways vnsearched according to that which he hadde in commaundement wherevppon he tooke and seased into his
iour que le droyt sera tricé affirmé Et que les yssues de mesme la terre en le moyne temps resceus soient sauuement mis en depos bien gardees par la main le Chamberleyn d' Escoce que ore est de celuy qui serra assigne a luy de par le rey dengliterre de sous leur seaus sauue renable sustinance de la terre des chaustiaux des ministres du royaume En testimoigne de cestes choses auandicts nous auons mis nos scaules a ceste escript Fait donne a Norham le Mercredie prochein apres l'Ascention l'an de grace 1291. The English whereof is thus The Copie of the seconde charter touthing the possession of the lande TO all those which these present writings shal see or heare Florence Erle of HollaÌ„d Robert de Bruce lord of AnnaÌ„dal Iohn de Balliol Lord of Galloway Iohn Hastings Lorde of Abergeuennie Iohn Comin Lord of Badenaw Patrik de Dunbarre Earle of Marche Iohn de Vesey insteade of his father Nicholas de Sules WilliaÌ„ de Ros send greeting in our Lord. Bycause that of our good wil and common assent without all constraint we do consent and graunt vnto the noble prince the Lorde Edwarde by the grace of God king of England that he as superior Lorde of Scotland may heare examine define determine our clayme 's chalenges petitions whiche we intend to shew and proue for our right to bee receyued before him as superior Lord of the land promising moreouer that we shall take his deed for sleme and stable and that he shall inioy the kingdome of Scotland whose right shall by declaration best appeare before him Where as then the sayde king of England cannot in this maner take knowledge nor fulfill our meanings without iudgement nor iudgement ought to be without execution nor execution may in due forme be done without possession and seysine of the sayde land and Castels of the same we will consent and graunt that he as superior Lord to perform the premisses may haue the seysine of all the land and Castels of the same till they that pretend tytle to the crowne be satisfied in theyr sute so that before he be put in possession and seysine he finde sufficient suretie to vs that pretende tytle 〈◊〉 the Wardens and to all the comunaltie 〈◊〉 kingdome of Scotland y t he shal restore the 〈◊〉 kingdome with all the royaltie dignitie â—…rie liberties customes rightes lawes vsages â—…sessions and all and whatsoeuer the appâ—…ces in the same state wherein they were 〈◊〉 the seysine to him delyuered vnto him to 〈◊〉 by right it is due according to the iudgement 〈◊〉 his regalitie sauing to him the homage of 〈◊〉 person that shall be king and this resâ—… be made within two Moneths after y e day 〈◊〉 which the right shall be discussed and estabâ—… the issues of the same lande in the meane 〈◊〉 shall be receyued layd vp and put in safe 〈◊〉 in the handes of the Chamberlaine of Scotâ—… which nowe is and of him whome the 〈…〉 Englande shall to hym assigne and thys â—…der theyr Seales â—…ing and allowing the reasonable charges for the sustentation of the laâ—…e the Castelles and â—…s of the Kingdome In witnesse of all the which premisses we haue 〈◊〉 to these letters set our Seales Yeuen at Norham the Wednesday nexte after the feast of the Ascention of oure Lorde in the yeare of grace 1291. These two letters the King of England 〈◊〉 vnder his priuie Seale vnto diuerse Monasteries within his realme in the .xix. yeare of his raigne that in perpetuall memorie of the thing thus passed it might be registred in their Chronicles And thus by the common assent of the chiefest of the Lordes in Scotlande king Edwarde receyued the lande into his custodie tyll by due and lawfull tryall had it myght appeare who was rightfull heyre to the crowne there The homage or fealtie of the Nobles of Scotland was expressed in wordes as followeth Rich. 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 tenor of 〈◊〉 homage Bycause that all wee are come vnto the allegiance of the noble Prince Edwarde King of Englande wee promise for vs and oure heyres vpon all the daunger that wee may incurre that wee shall bee faythfull and loyally holde of hym agaynste all manner of mortall menne and that wee shall not vnderstande of any domage that may come to the king nor to his heyres but wee shall stay and impeache the same to our powers And to this we binde our selues and our heyres and are sworne vpoÌ„ the Euangelists to performe the same Beside this we haue done fealtie vnto our soueraigne lord the said king in these wordes eche one by himself I shall be true and faythfull and fayth and loyaltie I shall beare to the King of EnglaÌ„d Edward and his heyres of life member and worldely honour agaynste all mortall creatures Maister â—…pheâ—… of Râ—… The King hauing receyued as well the possessions of the Realme Castelles Manours and other places belongyng to the crowne of Scotlande â—…dens of â—…ealme of â—…and apâ—…ted by K. â—…arde he committed the gouernment and custodie of the realm vnto the Bishops of Saint Andrewes and Glasgo to the Lordes Iohn Cumyn and Iames Stewarde who had put him in possession to that vnder him they â—…o the same in maner as they had done before But in diuerse Castels hee placed such Captaynes as he thought most meetest to keepe them to hys vse till he had ended the controuersie and placed him in the kingdome to whome of ryght it belonged He also willed the Lordes of Scotland to elect a sufficient personage to bee Chancellour of the Realme 〈◊〉 Bishop of â—…esse elecâ—… chancellor â—…otlande which they did naming Alane Bishop of Catnesse whom the king admitted ioyning with him out of his Chapleynes named Walter Armundesham so that on the .xij. of Iune vpon the greene ouer agaynst the Castell of Norham neare to the ryuer of Tweede in the Parishe of Vpsetelington before Iohn Ballioll Robert Brute the Bishops of Saint Andrewes and Glasgo the Lordes Cumyn and Steward wardens of Scotlande He receyueth his seale The Bishop of Cathnesse receyued his Seale appoynted him by the king of England as supreme Lorde of Scotlande and there both the said Bishop He is sworne Walter Amondeâ—…ham were sworne truly to gouerne themselues in the office The Bishop of Saint Androwes and Iohn Lorde Comyn of Badenoth with Brian Fitz Alain were assigned to receyue such fealties at Saint Iohns towne The Bishop of Glasgo Iames Lorde Stewarde of Scotlande and Nicholas Segraue were appoynted to receyue them at Newcastell of Arc. The Earle of Southerland and the Sherife of that Countrey with his Baylifes and the Chatellain of Inuernesse were ordeyned to receyue those fealties in that Countye the Chattelain first to receyue it of the sayde Earle and then he with his sayd associates to receyue the same
towards England and came to a Towne called Ardenburg where the moste part of suche Scottishmen as he had broughte with him into Flanders slipped from him wentvnto Paris The king being returned into Englande remoued the Barons of the Eschequer and the Iustices of the Benche vnto York calling a Parliamente thither and gaue summonance to the Lordes of Scotland to come to the same The Scottes sumâ—…ed to the Parliament at Yorke refused to come but making defaulte in their appearance he sent forth his comission and letters to warne his subiectes to be readie with horse and harneys at Rockesburgh in the feaste of the Natiuitie of S. Iohn Baptist next ensuyng They obeying his comaundement An army raised assembled there at the daye appoynted There were in this armie nowe assembled at Rockesborough together with those of the Bishopricke aboute three thousande men of armes mounted on baâ—…ded horses Abyngdon The number of men armed in this armye besydes foure thousande other armed menne on horsebacke wythout bâ—…rdes There were also a great number of footmen and yet none but such as came vpon their owne good wâ—…lles the whiche were almost all Welchmen or Irishmen VVelchmen Irishmen There came also afterwardes fyue hundred menne of armes wâ—…ll apparelled furnyshed and mounted Gascoynes out of Gascoyne of the which a certayne number were sente vnto Barwike by the king where after the battayle fought with the Scottes they remayned in garnison Nic. Triuet The Earle of Hereford and the Earle Marshall were presente wyth theyr retinues amongest other in thys armie here assembled at Rockesborough the whyche vpon suspition coâ—…ned of that they had hearde The Eâ—… Hereâ—… Maâ—… sâ—… 〈◊〉 thought it not sufficient to haue the Kynges Letters patentes touching the confirmation of the two Charters and other the Articles aboue mencioned sygnes by hym whylest he was oute of the Realme aâ—… therefore required that he woulde nowe within his owne lande confirme the sameagaine Here the Bishoppe of Durham Iohn Earle of Surrey Willyam Earle of Warwike and Raufe Earle of Gloucester vndertooke for the kyng that after hee had subdued his enimies and should be agayne returned into the realme he shoulde satisfie them in that behalfe and confirme the same articles This done the King marching foorth wyâ—…h his armye came to Temple Histon and sente foorth the Bishoppe of Durham to take certayn Castelles thereaboutes Caâ—… 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 of Dâ—… as Orinton or as some Copies haue Drilton and other two whiche enterprise the Bishoppe speedyly accomplished The Englishe fleete that shoulde haue come from Berwike and kepte alongst the coaste to haue furnished the Armie wyth victualls was stayed and holden backe with contrarie wynd so that the armie beganne to be in greate necessitie of victuals The Scottishemen were aduertised hereof and supposyng that the Englishemen by reason of suche want of victuals had not bene able through feeblenesse to make any greate resistaunce assembled theyr powers togyther and came towardes the place where the kyng with his army was lodged The same time twoo of the Englishe shippes arriued there wyth victualles the whiche beyng bestowed Amongst the souldeors relieued them greately of theyr hunger amoungest other the Welchemen had twoo tunnes of wine deliuered to them for theyr share Abingdon A fraye betvvixt the VVelcheâ—… Englishmen the whiche they tasted so greedyly that ouercome therewyth they fell to quarrelling wyth the Englishemen and begunne a fraye in the whiche they slew an eighteen and hurte dyuerse The Englishe horsemenne heerewyth beyng kindeled wyth displeasure got them to armour and setting vpon the Welchmen slew of them to the number of foure score and put the other to flight wherevpon the nexte morning it was said that the Welchemen vppon wrathe conceyued hereof meant to depart to the Scottes but yet when the campe remoued they followed the army though a farre off and a part by themselues The Engâ—…men â—…nde 〈◊〉 doubte of the VVelchâ—… in so muche that many doubted least if the Englishmen had chaunced to haue had the worse at the Scottishe mensne handes they woulde haue ioygned wyth them agaynste the Englyshemenne N. Triuet The Kyng nowe hearing that the Scottes were commyng towardes hym raysed hys fielde and wente foorthe to meete them lodgyng the nexte nyghte in a fayre playne In the morning very early a greate alarme was reysed so that euery man got him to armour supposing the Scottes to bee at hande The horse appoynted for the kyngs saddle that day as the Kyng shoulde haue got vppon hym afrighted wyth some noyse starte aside and threwe the Kyng downe wyth suche violence that hee brake twoo of his ribbes as the reporte went Other write that his horse trode on hym in the night as he and his people rested them keeping their horses still bridled to bee readye the sooner vppon occasion of any necessitie but howsoeuer hee came by hys hurt he stayed not to passe forwarde in his purposed iourney but mounting vppon an other horse The battaile â—…f Foukirke went foorth with hys armye till hee came to a place called Foukirke where bothe the armyes of England and Scotland met and fought Abingdon The order of â—…he Scottishe â—…attayles The Scottes were deuided into four schiltrons as they termed them or as we may say round battailes in forme of a circle in the whiche stoode theyr people that caried long staues or speares which they crossed ioyntly togither one wythin an other betwixt which schiltrons or round battails were certain spaces left the which wer filled wyth theyr archers bowmen and behinde all these were theyr horsmen placed They had chosen a strong grounde somewhat sideling on the side of a hill The Erles Marshall Herford The Earles Marshall Herforde and Lincolne ledde the fore vvarde and Lincolne whiche ledde the forewarde of the Englishemen at the first made directly towardes the Scottes but they were stayed by reason they founde a marys or an euill fauoured mosse betwixt theyr enemyes and them so that they were constreyned to serche a compasse towardes the weste side of the fielde About the same time certaine Irishe lords and amongest other as chiefe one Thomas Biset landed in the Isle of Arain the inhabitants whereof yelded themselues vnto the same Thomas who as was iudged ment to haue ayded the Scottes but nowe hearing of the victorie whiche Kyng Edwarde had gotten in a pight fielde he sent vnto hym to giue hym to vnderstande that hee was come in his ayde and had wonne the saide Isle of Airen Thomas Biset requireth the I le of Arain and therfore besought him that it might please him to grauÌ„t it vnto hym and hys heyres to holde of hym and his heyres for euer Whiche request the K. graunted The euill opinion of the Erles Marshall and Hereforde tovvardes the Kyng whereof when the Earles Marshall Hereford were aduertised they thoughte this a rashe parte of the
thousande poundes And they did not onely spoyle the possessions houses goodes and cattayles of the two Spencers wheresoeuer they coulde heare that the same were to bee founde but also they vsed the like disorder against all such as were knowne to bee friendes or well willers to eyther the father or sonne sending Commissions vnto such as shoulde see the same executed to the most extremitie Finally after they had satisfied their desires in such riotous sort they raysed the people The Barons rayse the people and come in armes towardes the Parliament and constrayned them to sweare to be of their accord and so came forward with the like force towards the Parliament that was summoned to be holdeÌ„ at London three weekes after Midsommer At their comming to Saint Albons they sent the Bishops of London Salisburie Elie Hereford and Chichester They send to the king to the King with their humble sute in outwarde apparance though in effect and verie deede more presumptuous than was requisite Their chiefe requeste was that it myght please his highnesse to put from him the Spencers whose counsaile they knew to be greatly agaynst his honour and hereof not to faile if hee tendered the quiet of his realme Their requests They also required letters patents of him conteyning a generall pardon for the indempnitie of themselues and all those that had beene in armes with them so as they should not be impeached by the king for any transgressions past or present in time hereafter to come The king herevnto answered that as concerning Hugh Spencer the father he was abrode on his businesse beyonde the seas The kings answere and that Hugh the sonne was on the sea for the safe keeping of the cinque portes as by his office he was bounde and that they ought not by any right or custome to be banished before they haue made answere to the crymes obiected agaynst them He added further that their request wanted foundation of law and reason And if it might bee proued that the Spencers had in any wise offended agaynst the statutes and ordinances of the land they were alwayes readie to make their answere as the lawes of the realme should require Lastly he added this with an othe that he would not be forsworne coÌ„trary to that which at his coronation he had takeÌ„ vpon him by othe through graunting letters of peace and pardon to such notorious offenders in coÌ„tempt of his person and to the trouble and disquieting of the whole realme The Barons vpon knowledge had what answere the king had made to their requests forthwith got them to armor and with a great power of men of armes other came to the Parliament which the K. had summoned to begin at Westm three weekes after midsoÌ„mer Fabian Caxton Their retinue were apparelled in a sute of Iakets or coates of colors demie partie yellow and greene with a bande of white cast ouerthwart By reason whereof that Parliament long after was called the ParliameÌ„t of white bands The order which the lord Maâ—… of London tooke Then to see the kings peace kept within the citie the Maior caused a M. men well armed to watch dayly in diuerse wardes at diuerse gates of the Citie which watch began at foure of the cloâ—…e in the morning and so continued till sixe at night and then as many were appoynted to the night watch coÌ„tinuing the same till the houre of fiue in the morning And for the more suretie that this night watch should be wel sufficiently kept two Aldermen were assigned nightly to ride about the citie with certaine officers of the town to see the watchmen well and discreetly guided The gates were shut at .ix. of the clocke and â—…ned againe at .vij. in the morning Also euery Citizen was warned to haue his armor by him that he might bee readie vpon any occasion when hee should be called But neuerthelesse the Barons being come in forcible wise as ye haue heard vnto this Parliament they constrayned the Earle of Richmont Mat. VVâ—… Arundell Warren and Pembroke to agree vnto their purpose and likewise some of the Bishops they compelled through feare to take an othe to ioine with them in their purpose for the expulsing of the Spencers out of the realme and so coÌ„ming al togither before the king they published certain articles against the said Spencers The Sâ—… banished 〈◊〉 the deceâ—… the laâ—… both the father and sonne wherevpon they made an awarde that they shoulde be disinherited and banished the land during their liues if by the king and consent of all the Lordes in Parliament assembled they should not be restored They had day and place appoynted where to passe forth of the lande to witte at Douer and not else where betwixt the day of his award made and the feast of the decollatioÌ„ of S. Iohn baptist that day to be counted for one Diuerse articles as before is sayd were layde to the charge of those Spencers Amongst other things it was alledged Aâ—… with the 〈…〉 the Spâ—… that Hugh SpeÌ„cer the sonne being on a time angrie and displeased with the K. sought to allie and confederate himself with the Lord Gifford of Brimesfield the lord Richard Gray to haue constrayned and forced the King by strong hand to haue followed his will pleasure Moreouer it was alledged that the sayde Spencers as wel the father as the sonne had caused the king to ride into Glocestershire to oppresse and destroy the good people of his lande contrarie to the forme of the great Charter Also where the Erle of Hereford and the Lord Mortimer of Wigmore had gone agaynst one Thlewillin Bren that had raysed a rebellion against the king in GlamorgaÌ„shire whiles y e laÌ„ds of the erle of Gloucester were in the kings hands the same Thlewillin yeelded himself to the said Erle and to the Lord Mortimer who brought him to the king vpoÌ„ promise that he should haue the kings pardon and so the king receyued him But after that the sayde Erle Lord Mortâ—…er were out of the lande the Spencers taking to theÌ„ royall power tooke the sayd Thâ—…willin and led him vnto Kardif where after y t the said Hugh SpeÌ„cer the son had his purpartie of y e sayd erle of Gloucesters lands he caused the sayd Thlewillin to be drawne headed and quartered to the discredite of the king and of the sayde Earle of Hereforde and Lorde Mortimer yea and contrarie to the lawes and dignitie of the crowne The sayd Spencers also counselled the K. to foriudge sir Hugh Audley son to the Lord Hugh Audley and to take into his handes his Castels and possessions They compassed also to haue atteynted the Lorde Roger Damorie that thereby they might haue enioyed the whole Erledome of Gloucester These and other Articles of misdemeanour in the Spencers were exhibited to perswade the king and others that they were vnprofitable members in the common wealth and not worthie of
those places they occupied After that their disinheriting and banishment was concluded in maner as before is sayde the Erle of Hereforde and other the Lordes that had prosecuted the quarell agaynst them came before the king and humbly on their knees besought him of pardon of all things which they had committed agaynst him or agaynst his lawes or agaynst any other person in the pursute of the sayd Spencers The king being brought into a strayte durst not but graunt to all that which they requested establishing the same by statute The king goâ—…h to Canâ—…erburie The Parliament being thus ended the king and Queene went to Canterburie there to visite the shrine of Thomas Becket sometyme Archbishop there The king from thence went to the I le of Teuet that he might there meete with his deare and welbeloued counsaylour Hugh Spencer the yonger whome he hadde of late sent in Ambassade to the French king and nowe being returned by Sea into those partyes â—…e commeth 〈◊〉 take with â—…e Lord chamâ—…â—…erlâ—… he was desyrous to see hym that hee myght haue conference with him and so comming togither they spent certayne dayes in commoning of such matters as they thought good The king calling to him the Mariners of the cinque portes committed to them the custodie of the sayde Hugh who for a time kept him with them in their ships and the king sayling alongst the coast to Porchester conferred with him of many things From Porchester the king ment to returne vnto London there to meete the Queene who in hir returne from Canterburie woulde haue lodged one night in the Castell of Lordes which the L. Bartholmew de Badelismere late Stewarde of the kings house had by exchaunge of the king for other landes and now taking part with the Barons had left his wife and children with other of his friendes and treasure in the same Castell Those that were put in trust with keeping this Castell The Queene not suffred to lodge in the Castell of Lâ—…edes would neyther permit Queene nor other to enter there without expresse commaundement from their Lord and maister and so they signified not onely to the Queenes seruants that came before to make prouisioÌ„ for hir but also declared the same to hirselfe coÌ„ming thither in person This chaunced verie vnluckily for the Barons for where the Queene had euer sought to procure peace loue and concord betwixt the king and his Lordes shee tooke such displeasure with this deniall made to hir for one nyghtes lodging in that Castel that vpon hir grieuous complaynt sent to the king hee forthwith raysed a mightie armie out of Kent and Essex froÌ„ the fiue portes and of the Londoners and hauing with him his brethren Thomas Earle Marshall and Edmond Erle of Kent Also the Erles of Richmont Pembroke Arondle Athol he hasted thither layd siege aboute the Castel The king besiegeth the castell of Leedes constreyning theÌ„ within by all meanes that might be deuised â—…e Lordes 〈◊〉 with a 〈…〉 raise 〈◊〉 siege In the meane time at the sute of the Lorde Badelismere the Earle of Hereforde and other Lords of the confederacie came with a greate power vnto Kingston about the feast of Simon and Iude and there staying certaine dayes for some of their companie that were to come vnto them they sent vnto the king the Archb. of Cant. and the B. of London with the Erle of PeÌ„broke requiring him to remoue his siege till by Parlialiament some order might be taken but the king would not giue eare to their sute but continued his siege till the castell was yelded to him The castell of Leedes yelded For those that were at Kingston cowardly leauing theyr enterprise came not forwarde but returned backe againe They that were within the castel hauing simply submitted themselues to the king caused .xij. or .xiij. of them to suffer death Amongst other was one Walter Culpepper Walter Culpepper executed reckened for the chiefe of them that defended the Castell agaynste the king The wife of the Lorde Badelismere wyth his nephewe Bartholmewe de Burwashe was sent to the Tower of London but his sister was sent to Douer Castell there to remaine in safe keeping The Castell of Leedes being thus yeelded to the king hee entred the same on Alhallowen day and shortly after the castell of Chilham was deliuered and the castell of Tunbridge left voyde by them that had it in keeping The king thus besturring him came into Essex and seased into his handes the landes of the Lorde Badelismere and likewise the landes of such as were his mainteyners friends and fauouourers of the which such as he coulde meet with he put in prison and herewith summoned an armie to meete him at Cirencester aboute Saynt Lucies day the Virgin And then about Saint Andrewes tide he came to London where the Archbishop of CaÌ„terburie had called a prouinciall Councell The lord chaÌ„berlâ—…ne yeeldeth himselfe to the lawe The same time Hugh Spencer the son being lately come from the sea yeelded himselfe prisoner to the kings warde beseeching the king that hee might haue right ministred to him concerning the wrongs and iniuries to him done by the Barons in maner as before ye haue heard specially for the award which in ParliameÌ„t they had procured to be enacted agaynst him the errors committed in the processe wherof he besought the king that he might bee admytted to shewe as first in that they made themselues Iudges secondly in that he was not called to answere thirdly for that the same awarde was made without the assent of the Prelates who are Peeres of the Parliament as well as the temporall Lordes fourthly in that the sayde Barons had no recorde in theyr pursuyte vpon the causes conteyned in that awarde fifthly in that the awarde was made agaynst the fourme of the greate Charter of Franchises wherein is conteyned that none shal be foreiudged nor destroyed but by lawfull iudgement of his Peeres according to the lawe of the lande Further he alledged that it was to bee considered howe the sayde Barons and great menne beeing summoned to come in due maner vnto that Parliament they came in forcible wyse with all theyr powers A like petition was likewise exhibited on the behalfe of Hugh Spencer the father for redresse to be had of the wrongs and losses which in like case he had susteyned The king fauouring ynough the causes and petitions of the Spencers An. reg â—… graunted theyr requests and deliuered the petitions vnto the Archbishop of Canterburie and his suffraganes The king â—…keth the â—…nious of 〈◊〉 Paâ—… the which the same time were there assembled in their prouincial Councell aforesayd requiring to haue their aduise and opinions therein He likewise requested of the Earles and Barons that were then with him and of the counsaylours in lawe what they thought of thys matter The Prelates vpon deliberation had declared that in their opinion the sayde awarde as touching the
to the Queene his mother Some bookes haue thre thousande pound she hauing assigned to hir a thousand poundes by yeare for the maintenaunce of hir estate being appointed to remayne in a certayne place and not to goe else where abroade yet the King to comforte hir woulde lyghtely euerye 〈◊〉 once come to visite hir After that the Earle of Marche was â—…ted as ye haue hearde dyuers noble men that were departed the Realme bycause they coulde not abyde the pride and presumption of the sayd Earle Adam Merâ—…uth howe returned Aâ—… the sonne and heyre of the Earle of Arundell the Lorde Thomas Waâ—…e the Lorde Henry Beaumont sir Thomas de Rosselyn Sir Foulâ—…e Fitz Wâ—…reyne Sir Gryffyn de la â—…oole and 〈…〉 other 1331 An. reg 3. Edvvard â—…alâ—… commeth â—…to Englande In the fifth yeare of King Edwardes 〈◊〉 Edward 〈…〉 came 〈◊〉 of Fraunce 〈◊〉 Englande and obteyned suche 〈◊〉 for our the assistance of the Lorde Henrye Beaumont the Lord Dauid of Scrabogy Earle of 〈◊〉 the Lorde Geffrey de Mowbray the lord Walter Câ—…yâ—… and other that king Edward granted hym licence to make his prouision in Englande to passe into Scotlande wyth an 〈◊〉 of men to attempte the recouerie of his right to the crowne of Scotlande with condition that if he recouered it he shoulde acknowledge to holde it of the kyng of Englande as superiour Lorde of Scotlande The commyng awaye of Edwarde Balliolie oute of Fraunce is dyuerselye reported by writers Caxton some saye that hee was ayded by the French king whose sister he had maryed and other saye â—…ohn Barnabie that he being in prison in Fraunce for the escape of an Englishman one Iohn Barnabye Esquier which had slaine a Frenchman by chance of quarelling in the town of Dampierre where the same Barnabie dwelled with the saide Edwarde Balliol it so came to passe that the Lord Henrie Beaumont hauing occasion of busynesse wyth the Frenche Kyng The Lorde Beaumont that fauoured him wâ—…ll came ouer into Fraunce and there vnder standing of Balliols imprisonement procured his deliueraunce and brought him ouer into Englande and caused him to remayne in seâ—… wise at the Manor of â—…all vppon 〈◊〉 Yorkeshire with the Ladie â—…esâ—…ie till hee had purchased the Kinges graunt for him to make his promisâ—… of men of warre and ships within the Englishe dominions In the â—…te yeare of King Edwards raigne Reignolde Erle o Gelderland maried the Ladie Eleanor sâ—…er to this King Edwarde the thirde 1332. An. reg 6. Croxden The Earle of Gelderlande who gaue vnto the sayde Earle wyth hir for hir portion fifteene thousande poundes sterlyng Isabell the kinges daughter was borne also this yeare at Woodstocke After that Edwarde Balliol had prepared and made readâ—… his purueyances for his iourney and that his men of warre wer assembled come togither being in al not paste 〈…〉 of armes and about twoo thousande archers and other footemen hee tooke thoseâ—… at Rauenspurgh in Yorkeshire and 〈◊〉 thence directing his course Northewarde he arriued at lengthe in Scotland Edvvard Ballioll crovvned K. of Scotland wher he atchieuing gâ—…t victâ—…es as in the Scottish chronicle yee may reade more at large was finally crowned king of that Realme It may seeme a wonder to many â—… that the king of Englande woulde persuit Edwarde Balliol to make his prouision thus in Englande and to suffer his people to aide him againste his brother in lawe Kyng Dauid that had married his sister as before yee haue heard In deede at the firste hee was not â—…erie readâ—… to graunt theyr sute that moued it The cause that moued K. Edvvarde to ayd the Ballioll but at lengthe hee was contented to dissemble the matter in hope that if Edwarde Balliol had good successe hee shoulde then recouer that againe whiche by the conclusion of peace during his minoritie hee had throughe euill counsel resigned out of his handes The Scot â—…neuerthelesse in December chased theyr newe Kyng Edwarde Balliol out of Scotlande so that hee was faine to retire into Englande and celebrated the feaste of the Natiuitie at Carleil in the house of the Friers minors and the morrows after beeing Sainct Stephens daye hee wente into Westmerlande where of the lorde Clifforde hee was right honourably receyued Ro. Southwell Edvvard Ballâ—…oll chased out of Scotlande 1333 to whome hee then graunted Douglas Dale in Scotlande whiche had bene graunted to the saide lord Cliffords grandfather in the dayes of Kyng Edwarde the first if hee might at any time recouer the Realme of Scotlande out of his aduersaries handes After thys he went and lay a tyme with the Ladie of Gynes An. reg 7. that was his kinsewoman Finally about the .x. day of Marche hauing assembled a power of Englishemen and Scottishmen he entred Scotlande Borvvike besieged and besieged the towne of Berwike duryng the whyche siege many enterprises were attempted by the parties and amongest other the Scottes entred Englande by Carleile doing muche mischiefe in Gillestande by brennyng killyng robbing and spoylyng The king aduertised hereof thought himselfe discharged of the agreement concluded betwixte him and Dauid Bruce the sonne of Rob. Bruce that had married hys syster and therfore tooke it to be lawfull for hym to ayde his cousin Edw. Ballioll the lawfull king of Scottes The Scottish writers confesse that the Scottishemen lost to the number of .xiiij. thousande Bervvike deliuered On the morrowe folowing being S. Margarets day the towne of Berwike was rendred vnto king Edward with the Castell as in the Scottishe Chronicle ye maye reade with more matter touchyng the siege and battaile aforesayde and therefore here in fewe words I passe it ouer King Edward hauing thus spâ—… his busines left a power of men with Edward Balliole The lord Richard Talbot vnder the conduct of the lord Richard Talbot and returned himselfe backe into Englande appoynting the Lorde Percye to bee gouernoure of the Towne of Berâ—…re and sir Thomas Greye knight his lieutenant The Lord Iohn Daroy lorde chiefe Iustice of Ireland The Lorde Iustice of Ireland commeth into Scotlande leauyng the Lord Thomas Burgh his deputie in that countrey paâ—…d ouer wyth an armye into Scotlande to ayde the Kyng who as ye haue hearde was there the same tyme in person And so by the kyng on one syde and by the Irishmenne on an other Scotlande was subdued and restored vnto Balliole who the morrowe after the Octaues of the Natiuitie of our Ladie helde a Parliament at Sainct Iohns towne in the whiche he reuoked made voyde all actes whyche the late King of Scots Roberte Bruce hadde enacted or made and further ordeyned that all suche landes and possessions as the sayde Bruce hadde giuen to any manner of person should bee taken from them and restored to the former and true inherytoure Thys yere about the twelfth of October Simon Mepham Archbish of Canterbury departed this life in whose place succeded Iohn Steet
Iohn de Vienne and al the other captains and menne of name were stayed as prysoners and the common souldiers and other meane people of the Towne were licenced to depart and voyde theyr houses leauing all their armor and ryches behinde them The king would not haue any of the olde inhabitantes to remaine in the towne saue onely a Priest and two other auncient personages such as best knew the customes lawes and ordinaunces of the towne He appoynted to sende ouer thither amongest other English men there to inhabite .xxxvj. Burgesses of London Calais made a colonie of Englishmen and those of the wealthiest sort for he ment to people the towne only with Englishe men for the better and more sure defence thereof The King and the Queene were lodged in the Castell and continued there tyll the Queene was deliuered of a daughter named Margaret The Queene brought to â—…ed in the Caâ—…el of Calais Polidor The Cardinals of whom ye heard before being come as Legates from Pope Clement to moue communication of peace did so much in the matter that a truce was graunted betwixte the realme of England and Fraunce for the tearme of .xij. monethes or two yeares as Froissart hath But the English Chronicle Caxton â—…ames Mair 〈◊〉 and Iacobus Meir seeme to agree that this truce was taken but for nine monethes though afterwards the same was proroged Women harde 〈◊〉 agree To the which truce all parties agreed Brytayne excepted for the two women there would not be quieted but still pursued the warre the one agaynst the other After that this truce was accorded the king with the Queene hys wyfe returned into Englande and lefte for Captayne wythin Calais one Sir Amerie of Pauie an Italian Knight Sir Amerie de Pauie or as other Bookes haue he was but Captayne of the Castell or of some one of the Towers of that towne whiche seemeth more lyke to be true than that the king shoulde commyt the whole charge of the Towne vnto hys gouernment beeing a straunger borne and therefore Iacobus Meir is the more to be credited that writeth how sir Amerie of Pauie was left but in charge with the Castell onely and that the towne was committed to the keeping of the Lorde Iohn Beauchampe and Lewes his brother But fow that there was a peace thus concluded betwixt the two kings 1348 Thom. VVals it seemed to the Englishe people that the Sunne brake forth after a long clowdie season by reason both of the greate plentie of all things and remembraunce of the late glorious victories for there were fewe women that were housekeepers within this lande but they had some furniture of household that had beene brought to them out of Fraunce as part of the spoyle got in Caen Calais CareÌ„ten or some other good towne And beside householde stuffe the English Maydes and Matrones were bedecked and trymmed vppe in Frenche womens Iewels and apparell so that as the French women lamented for the losse of those things so our women reioysed of the gaine In this .xxij. yeare An. Reg. 22. Great raine from mydsommer vnto Christmasse for the more part it continually rained so that there was not one day and night drie togither by reason whereof great flouds ensued and the ground therwith was sore corrupted and many inconueniences ensued as great sicknesse and other insomuch that in the yeare following in Fraunce the people dyed wonderfully in dyuerse places In Italy also 1349 An. reg 43. A great mortalitie and in many other Countreys as well in the landes of the Infidels as in ChristeÌ„dom this grieuous mortalitie raigned to the great destruction of people About the ende of August the like death beganne in dyuerse places of Englande and especially in London continuing so for the space of a twelue month following And vpon that ensued great barrennesse as well of the sea as the lande Dearth neyther of them yeelding such plentie of things as before they had done Wherevpon vittaile and corne became scant and hard to come by Aboute the same time died Iohn Stretforde Archbishop of Canterburie after whome succeeded Iohn Vfforde and liued not in that dignitie past ten monethes and then followed Thomas Bredwardin who deceassed within one yere after his coÌ„secration so y t then SimoÌ„ Islep was coÌ„secrated Archb. by Pope Clem. y e .vj. being the .liij. archb y t had sit in that seat Within a while after W. Archb. of York died in whose place succeeded Iohn Torsby being the .xliiij. Archbishop that had gouerned that Church Moreouer in this .xxiij. yere of king Edwards raigne the great mortalitie in England still continuing A practice to betray Calice there was a practise in hand for the recouering againe of Calice to the French kings possession The Lorde Geffray of Charnye lying in the towne of S. Omers did practise with sir Amerie de Pauie to be receyued into the towne of Calice by the Castell secretly in the night season The Italian gaue eare to the Lord Geffrey hys sute and to make few wordes couenanted for the summe of .xx. M. crownes to betray the towne vnto him in such sort as he coulde best deuise Here writers varie Diuersitie in writers for Froissart sayth that king Edwarde had information thereof before that sir Amerie de Pauie vttered the thing himselfe but the French Chronicles and also other writers affirme that the Italian aduertised the king of all the drift and matter betwixt him and the Lorde Geffrey of Charny before he wente through with the bargaine â—…aâ—…n But whether by him or by other truth it is the king was made priuie to the matter at Hauering Bower in Essex where hee kept the feast of Christmasse and therevpon departing from thence Froissart he came to Douer and the day before the night of the appoyntment made for the deliuerie of the Castell of Calice hauing secretely made his prouision he tooke shipping and landed the same night at Calice 〈◊〉 kinâ—… seâ—…reâ—… 〈◊〉 passeth 〈◊〉 to Calice in so secrete maner that few of the towne vnderstoode of his arriuall hee brought with him out of England three hundred men of armes and six hundred archers whom hee â—…ayde in Chambers and towers within the castel so closely that â—…we or none perceyued it the maner he knewe by sir Amerie de Pauie his aduertisements accordingly as it was agreed betwixt them that the Lorde Geffrey of Charny was appoynted to come and enter the towne that nyght The L. Geffrey de Charnâ—…y for the king had commaunded sir Amerie to proceede in marchandising with the sayd Lord Charny and onely to make him prinie of the day and houre in the which the feate shoulde bee wrought 〈…〉 The Lorde Geffrey de Charny being couenanted that he shoulde bee receyued into Calice the first night of the newe yeare departed from Saint Omers where hee hadde assembled fiue hundred Speares the last day of December towarde
his Nobilitie at Reading A counsel holden at Reding where the D. of Lanca recoÌ„cileth the king and the lords to the whiche the Duke of Lancaster made the more haste to come bycause hee knewe that the King woulde shewe no good countenaunce to some of the noble men and therefore he doubted least malicious offences might arise betwixt them whiche to appease he ment the best he coulde and his trauaile came to good effect for he did so much that as well the king as the Lordes departed from the Counsaile as friendes the Lordes taking theyr leaues of him in louing maner and he curteously bidding them farewell and so eche of them resorted to their homes well pleased and satisfied for that present The king helde his Christmasse this yeare at Woodstocke and the Duke of Lancaster lay at his Castell of Hertford The same tyme the Lorde Iohn de Hastings erle of Pembroke 1390 The Erle of Pembrok slain as he was learning to iust wounded to death as he was practising to learne to iust through mishap was striken about the priuie partes by a knight called sir Iohn S. Iohn that ran against him so as his inner parts being perished death presently followed The losse of this erle was greatly bemoned by men of al degrees for he was liberal geÌ„tle humble and curteous to eche one aboue all the other yong Lordes in the land of his time Of this Earles auncestours thys is reported for a thing straunge and marueylous that from the dayes of Aymer de Valence Earle of Pembrooke that was one amongest other that sate in iudgement of Thomas Earle of Lancaster there was not any Earle of Pembrooke succeeding the same Aymer de Valence vnto the dayes of this yong Earle by misfortune thus slaine that euer saw his father nor yet anye of their fathers might reioyce in the sight of anye of their sonnes being still called hence ere the time came for them so to doe This yeare the same Thomas Erle of Lancaster for the opinion which had bene conceyued of him The earle of Lancaster canonised for a Saint by reason of myracles and other respects was canonized for a Saint The Monday next after the feast of Saint Hillarie A bil against wearing of badges a Parliament was begonne at Westminster in which there was a Byll exhibited by the commons that the Lordes and great men of the realme shoulde not giue to theyr men Badges to weare as their cognizances by reason that through the abuse thereof many great oppressions imbraseries vnlawfull maintenances and wrongs were practised to the hinderaunce of all good orders lawes and iustice The Lordes woulde not consent altogither to lay down their badges No reteyners to wear badges but yee they agreed that none shoulde weare any such cognizaunce except their seruaunts of housholde and such as were in ordinarie wages by the yeare In the same Parliament certaine persons that had gone about some new rebellion in Kent being apprehended were condemned and so were drawne and hanged There was also an act made against suche as should passe the Seas to purchase prouisions as they tearmed them in any Church or Churches And if any from thenceforth attempted so to doe he should be reputed and taken as a rebell Ad act against mediators for wilful murderers Also there was an act prouided against those that committed any wilfull murder that none should presume to sue for their pardon A duke or an Archb. that so sued should forfeyt to the king an hundred poundes Likewise an Erle or a Bishop an hundred markes c. Moreouer in this Parliament it was granted that the King should haue of euery sacke of wooll fortie shillings of the which ten shillings should be applyed presently to the kings vses and xxx ss residue of the .xl. ss shoulde remaine in the haÌ„ds of the Treasorers towards y e bearing forth of the charges of warres when any chaunced Also there was a subsidie graunted of sixe pens in the pound foure pens to the vse last mentioned and two pens to be imployed at the kings pleasure In the same Parliament Iohn duke of Lancaster was created Duke of Aquitaine The Duke of LaÌ„caster 〈◊〉 Duke of â—…tayne receyuing at the kings hand the rodde and cappe as â—…stures of that dignitie Also the duke of Yorke his sonne and heire was created Erle of Rutland The fifth of March Great 〈◊〉 a sore and terrible winde rose with the violence whereof muche hurt was done houses ouerthrowne cattell destroyed and trees ouerturned After this ensued great mortalitie by pestilence so that much youth died euery where Great plaâ—… in cities and townes in passing great numbers Herewith followed a great dearth of corne Great death so that a bushell of wheate in some places was solde at .xiij. pens which then was thought to bee at a great price In this .xiij. yeare of king Richardes raigne A iourney against the Sâ—…rasyâ—… the Christians tooke in hande a iourney agaynste the Sarazens of Barbarie through sute of the Geneways so that there went a great number of Lordes knights and gentlemen of Fraunce and Englande the duke of Burbon being theyr generall Out of Englande there went one Iohn de Beaufort bastarde sonne to the Duke of Lancaster as Froissart hath noted also sir Iohn Russell sir Iohn Butler and others They set forwarde in the latter ende of this .xiij. yeare and came to Genoa where they remayned not long but that the gallyes and other vessels of the Genewayes were readie to passe them ouer into Barbarie And so about Mydsommer in the beginning of the fourtenth yeare of thys Kings reigne An. Reg. â—… the whole armie beeing embarked sayled forth to the coastes of Barbarie The English arche is good seruice where neare to the Citie of Afrike they landed at which instant the English Archers as some write stoode all the companie in good steade with theyr long Bowes heating backe the enimies from the shore whiche came downe to resyst theyr landing After they had got to land they enuyroned the Citie of Affrike called by the Moorts Mahemedia with a strong siege but at length constrained wyth the intemperancie of the sealding ayre in that hote countrey breeding in the armie sundrie diseases they fell to a composition vpon certaine articles to be perfourmed in the behalfe of the Sarazens and so .lxj. dayes after theyr fyrst arriuall there they tooke the Seas againe and returned home as in the histories of Fraunce and Italy is likewise expressed Where by Polidore Virgile it may seâ—…e that the Lorde Henrie of Lancaster Earle of Derbie shoulde bee Captaine of the Englishe menne that as before ye haue hearde went into Barbarie wyth the French men Genewayes it shoulde otherwise appeare by other Wryters Tho. VVals who affyrme that the sayde Earle made a iourney in deede the same tyme agaynste the myscreantes not into Barbarie The earle of Derby his exâ—…es in
seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer had bin giuen to them at or since the last Parliament belonging aforetime to anye of those persons whome they had appealed and all other theyr Castels Manours Lordships lands possessions rentes seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer whiche they helde of the late kings gyft the day of the arrest of the sayd Duke of Gloucester or at any tyme after shoulde also remaine in the kings disposition from thenceforth and al letters patents and Charters which they or any of them had of the same names Castels Manours Lordships landes possessions and liberties should bee surrendred vp into the Chauncerie there to be cancelled Diuerse other things were enacted in this Parliament to the preiudice of those high estates to satisfie mennes myndes that were sore displeased with their doings in the late kings dayes as nowe it manifestly appeared The hatred which the coment had committed against the appell◅ for after it was vnderstoode that they should be no further punished than as before is mentioned great murmuring rose among the people agaynst the king the Archbishop of Canterburie the Earle of Northumberlande and other of the Counsaile for sauing the liues of men whome the commons reputed most wicked and not worthie in any wise to liue But the King thought it best rather with curtesie to reconcile them than by cutting them off by death to procure the hatred of theyr friendes and allyes which were many and of no small power After that the foresayde iudgement was declared with protestation by Sir William Thirning Iustice The Earle of Salisbury has request the Earle of Salisburie came and made request that he myght haue his protestation entred agaynste the Lorde Morley whiche Lorde Morley rysing vp from his seate sayde that so hee myght not haue bycause in hys firste aunswere he made no protestation and therefore he was past it nowe Sir Mathew Gourney The Earle prayed daye of aduisement but the Lorde Morley prayed that hee might lose his aduauntage sith he had not entred sufficient plea agaynst him Then sir Mathew Gourney sitting vnderneath the king said to the Earle of Salisburie that forsomuch as at the fyrst daye in your aunsweres yee made no protestation at all none is entred of recorde and so you are past that aduauntage and therfore asked him if he would say any other thing Then the Earle desired that he might put in mainprise which was graunted The erle of Salisbury mainprised and so the Erle of Kent sir Rauf Ferrers sir Iohn Roche sir Iohn Drayton knightes mainprised the sayd Erle bodie for bodie For the Lord Morley all the Lorde◅ and Barons offred to vndertake and to be sureties for him but yet four of them had their names entred that is to wit The L. Morlei mainprised the Lordes Willoughbie Beauchampe Scales and Berkley they had day till the Friday after to make theyr libell The Lord Fitz Walter After this came the Lorde Fitzwater and prayed to haue day and place to arraigne his appeale agaynste the Erle of Rutland The king sayde he woulde send for the Duke of Norffolke to returne home and then vpon his returne he sayde he woulde proceede in that matter Many statutes were established in this Parliament as well concerning the whole bodie of the common wealth as by the booke thereof imprinted maye appeare as also concerning diuerse priuate persons then presently liuing which partly we haue touched and partly for doubt to be ouer tedious The Archb. of Canterbury restored to his see we doe omit but this among other is not to be forgottē that the Archbishop of Canterburie was not onely restored to his former dignitie being remoued from it by king Richard who had procured one Roger Walden to be placed therein as before ye haue hearde but also the sayde Walden was established Byshop of London wherewith he seemed very well contented Tho. VVals Hall Moreouer the kings eldest sonne Henry alredie created as heyre to his father to the crown Prince of Wales duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester was also intituled Duke of Aquitaine to auoyde all tytles claymes and ambiguities there was an act made for the vniting of y e crown vnto king Henrie the fourth The crowne i◅iled and to the heyres of his bodie lawfully begotten his foure sonnes Henrie Thomas Iohn and Humfrey being named as to whom the right should discend successiuely by way of intaile in case where heyres fayled to any of them By force of this act king Hērie thought himselfe firmely set on a sure foundation not needing to feare any storme of aduerse fortune But yet shortly after he was put in danger to haue bene set besides the seate by a conspiracie begon in the Abbot of Westminsters house as after shall appeare The Scottes in time of the late Parliament taking occasion of the absence of the Northern Lords and also by reason of great mortalitie that afflicted the northren people that yeare The castel of wark taken by the Scots Sir Tho. Gray inuaded the borders tooke the Castel of Warke that was assigned to the safe keeping of sir Thomas Grey knight who then was at the Parliament as one of the knights of the shire by incanes of whose absence the enimies the sooner as is to be thought obteyned theyr desire and so kept that Castell a certaine time and finally spoyled it ouerthrew it to the ground Besides this they did many other mischiefes in the Countrey The death of the Duke of Norfolke to the vndoing of many of the kings subiects This yeare Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norffolke dyed in exile at Venice whose death might haue beene worthily bewayled of all the realme if he had not bene consenting to the death of the Duke of Gloucester The same yeare deceassed the duches of Glocester through sorrow as was thought The duches of Glocester deceaseth which she conceyued for the losse of hir sonne and heyre the Lorde Humfrey who being sent for forth of Ireland as before ye haue heard was taken with the pestilence and died by the way But now to speake of the conspiracie whiche was contriued by the Abbot of Westminster as chiefe Instrument thereof Ye shall vnderstande that this Abbot as it is reported vppon a tyme hearde king Henrie say when hee was but Earle of Darbie Nall and yong of yeares that Princes had too little and religious men too muche He therefore doubting nowe What moued the Abbot of Westminster to conspire against the K. least if the king continued long in the estate hee woulde remoue the greate beame that then grieued his eyes and pricked his conscience became an Instrument to search oute the mindes of the Nobilitie and to bring them to an assemble and counsaile where they myght cōsult and cōmen togither how to bring that to effect which they earneslly wished and desired that was the destruction of king Henry and the restoring of king
enuyed against the surmised and vntruely feyned lawe Salike The Salike lawe whiche the Frenchmen alledge to defeate the Kyngs of England of their iust and rightfull title clayme and interest to the Crowne of Fraunce the â—…ery words of which law are these In terram Salâ—…am mulieres ne succedant that is to saye lette not women succeede in the land Salique which the Frenche glosers expounde to bee the Realme of Fraunce and y t this law was made by K. â—…aramond wheras yet their owne authors affirme that y e land Salique is in Germanie betweene y e riuers of Elbe and Sala and that wheÌ„ Charles the great had ouercome the Saxons hee placed there certaine Frenchmen which hauing in disdeine the vnhonest maners of the Germain women made a lawe that the females shoulde not succeede to anye inheritance within that lâ—…de which at this day is called Meiseu Misâ—… so that if this be true this law was not made for the Realme of France nor the Frenchmen possessed the land Salique til four C. 21. yeares after the deathe of Pharamond their supposed maker of this Salique lawe for this Pharamond deceassed in the yere 426. and Charles y e great subdued y e Saxons and placed the Frenchmen in those partes beyond the riuer of Sala in the yeare 805. Moreouer it appereth by their owne writers that King Pepine whiche deposed Childerike claymed the crowne of Fraunce as heire general for that he was descended of Blithild daughter to king Clothair the froste Hugh Capet also which vsurped the Crowne vpon Charles duke of Lorrayne the sole heâ—…re male of the lyne and stock of Charles the great to make his title seeâ—… true and appeare good thoughe in deede it was starke naught conueyde himselfe as heyre to the Lady Lyngard daughter to king Charlemayn sonne to Lewes the Emperor that was sonne to Charles the great King Lewes also the tenth otherwyse called Saint Lewes being very heire to the said vsurper Hugh Capet coulde neuer be satisfyed in his conscience howe he might iustely kepe and possesse the crown of France til he was perswaded and fully instructed that Queene Isabell his grandmother was lyneally descended of the Lady Ernrengarde daughter and heyre to the abouenamed Charles duke of Lorayn by the whiche mariage the bloud and lyne of Charles the great was againe vnited and restored to the crowne and scepter of France so that more clerer than the Sunne it openly appeareth that the title of king Pepyn the clayme of Hugh Capet the possession of Lewes yea and of the Frenche kynges to thys daye are deryued and conueyed from the heire female thought they woulde vnder coldure of suche a fayned Lawe barre the Kings and Princes of this realme of England of theyr ryghte and lawfull inheritance The Archebishoppe further alledged oute of the booke of Numeri thys faying â–ª When a man dyeth without a sonne let the inheritance discende to his daughter At length hauing said sufficientely for the proofe of the kings â—…uste and lawfull title to the Crowne of Fraunce hee exhorted hym to aduance forth his banner to fight for hys ryghte to conquere hys inheritaunce to spare neither bloud swoord ne fire sith his warre was iust his cause good and his clayme true And to the intent his louyng Chapleyns and obediente subiectes of the Spiritualtie myghte shewe them selues wyllyng and desyrous to ayde hys maiestie for the recouerie of hys aunciente righte and true inheritaunce the Archbishoppe declared that in theyr spirituall Conuocation they had graunted to his highnesse suche a summe of money as neuer by no spiritual persons was to any Prince before those dayes giuen or aduaunced The Earle of Westmerland â—…adeth the 〈◊〉 to the coÌ„â—… of Scotlande When the Archbishoppe hadde ended his prepared tale Rafe Neuill Erle of Westmerland as then Lorde Warden of the marches aneynst Scotlande and vnderstandyng that the kyng vpon a couragious desire to recouer his right in Fraunce would surely take the warres in hand thought good to moue the Kyng to begin fyrste wyth Scotlande and therevpon declared how easye matter it shoulde bee to make a conquest there a howe greatly the same should further his wished purpose for the subduyng of the Frenche menne concludyng the suâ—…me of hys tale with thys olde saying That who so wyll Fraunce wynne mâ—…st with Scotlande fyrst beginne Manye matters he touched as well to sheâ—… howe necessary the conquest of Scotland should be as also to proue howe iust a cause the Kyng â—…dde to attempte it truâ—…yng to perswade the Kyng and all other to be of his opinion But after he had made an ende the Duke of â—…cester vncle to the Kyng a man well learned and wyse who hadde bene sente into Italye by his father The duke of â—…ceter hys vvyse and pythy ansvvere to the Earle of VVestmerlandes saying intendyng that he should haue bin a Priest replyed agaynste the Earle of Westmerlandes Orations affirmyng rather that hee whiche woulde Scotlande winne with France muste firste beginne For if the Kyng myghte once compasse the conqueste of Fraunce Scotlande coulde not long resyste so that conquere Fraunce and Scotlande woulde soone obeye A true saying For where shoulde the Scottes learne pollicye and skill to defende them selues if they had not theyr bringyng vp and traynyng in Fraunce If the Frenche pencions maynteyned not the Scottishe Nobilitie in what case shoulde they be Then take away Fraunce and the Scottes will soone be tamed Fraunce beeyng to Scotlande the same that the sappe is to the tree which beyng taken awaye the tree muste needes dye and wyther To be briefe the Duke of Excester vsed such earnest and pithy perswasions to induce the king and the whole assemblie of the Parliamente to credite hys woordes that immediately after he hadde made an ende all the companye beganne to crye Warre warre Fraunce Fraunce and the bill putte into the Parliament for dissoluing of Religious houses was cleerely forgotten and buryed and nothyng thoughte on but only the recoueryng of Fraunce accordyng to the title by the Archebishoppe declared and set foorthâ—… And vpon this poynte after a fewe actes for the wealthe of the Realme established and decreed the Parlyamente was proroged vntoo Westmynster Some write that in this Parliament it was enacted that Lollards and Heretikes with their maynteyners and fauourers shoulde be ipso facto adiudged guiltie of high treason but in the statute made in the same Parliament against Lollardes wee fynde no suche wordes Albeeit by force of that Statute it was ordeyned that beyng conuicte and executed they shoulde lose theyr Landes holden in Fee simple and all other theyr goodes and cattalles as in cases of Felonye Ambassadors from the FreÌ„ch K. and from the Duke of Burgoigne During this Parliament ther came to the K. Ambassadors as wel from the French king that was then in the gouernance of the Orlienâ—…iall faction as also from the Duke of Burgoigne for ayde agaynst
vntruely alledged that they held the same of the Kyng in capite And when such persons as were thus vexed offered to trauerse those offices they coulde not bee admitted thereto in suche due and lawfull forme as in suche causes the lawe prouideth till they hadde compounded to paye greate fynes and raunsomes Moreouer the kings Wardes after they had accomplished their full age could not be suffered to sue theyr lyueries tyll they hadde paide excessiue fynes and raunsomes vnto their greate anoyance losse and disquieting and to no lesse contempte of the sayde late King And further where as dyuers persons had bin outlawed as well as the suite of theyr aduersaries as of the sayde late Kyng they coulde not be allowed to purchase theyr charters of pardon out of the Chancery according to the lawe of the Realme till they were driuen to aunswere halfe the issues and profites of all theyr landes and tenementes by the space of two yeares whiche the Kyng receyued to hys vse by the sayde Richarde Empsons procuremente who enformed hym that hee myghte lawfully take the same although hee knewe that it was contrarie to the lawes and customes of the Realme wherevppon the people vexed and molested by suche hard dealings sore grudged agaynste the sayde late Kyng to the greate perill and daunger of hys person and Realme and subuersion of the lawes and auntiente customes thereof Also it was alledged againste the said Empson that he hadde sente forth preceptes directed vnto dyuers persons commaundyng them vppon greate penalties to appeare before him and other hys associates at certayn dayes and times within hys house in Sainte Brydes Parishe in a warde of London called Farringdon without where they makyng theyr appearances accordyng to the same preceptes were impleaded afore hym and other his sayde associates of dyuers murthers felonies outlaries and of the articles in the statute of prouisors conteyned also of wilfull escapes of Felons and such like matters and articles apperteyning to the plees of the Crowne and common lawes of the Realme And that done the sayde persons were committed to dyuers prisons as the Fleete the Tower and other places where they were deteyned tyll they hadde fined at hys pleasure as well for the commoditie of the sayde late Kyng as for the singular aduauntage of the sayde Sir Richarde Empson Moreouer whereas the sayde Empson beeing Recorder of Couentrie and there sate with the Maior and other Iustices of the peace vppon a speciall gaole delyuerie within y e Citie on the Monday before the feast of S. Thomas the Apostle in the sixteenth yeare of the late kyngs raigne a prisoner that hadde beene endited of felonie for takyng out of an house in that Citie certayne goodes to the value of twentie shillings was arraigned before them and bycause the Iurie would not finde the sayde prisoner giltie for wante of sufficient euidence as they after alledged the sayde Sir Richarde Empson supposing the same euidence to be sufficient caused them to be committed toward wherein they remayned foure dayes togyther till they were contented to enter band in fortie pound a peece to appeare before the Kyng and hys Counsell the second returne of the tearme then nexte ensuing being Quindena Hillarij and therevppon they keeping their day and appearing before the said sir Richard Empson and other of the kings counsell according to their bandes were adiudged to pay euery of them eyght pound for a fyne and accordingly made payment thereof as they were then thought well worthy so to do But nowe this matter so long past was still kepte in memorie and so earnest some were to enforce it to the vttermost against the sayd Empson that in a Sessions holden at Couentrie nowe in thys first yere of this kings raigne an inditemēt was framed against him for this matter and thereof he was found giltie as if therein he had committed some great and heynous offence againste the Kings peace his Crowne and dignitie Thus haue I thought good to shew what I find hereof to the end ye may perceiue how glad men were to find some coulour of sufficiēt matter to bring the said sir Richard Empson master Edmonde Dudley within daunger of the lawes whereby at lengthe they were not onely condemned by acte of Parliament through malice of such as might seeme to seeke their destruction for priuate grudges but in the end also they were arreigned as first the said Edmond Dudley in the Guild Hall of London the seuententh of Iuly and sir Richarde Empson at Northāpton in October nexte ensuing and beeing there condemned was from thence broughte backe againe to the Tower of London where hee remained till the time of his execution as after yee shall heare This yeare the plague was greate and raigned in diuers parts of this Realme 1510 The King kepte hys Christmas at Richemond The twelfth of Ianuary dyuers Gentlemen prepared to iust and the Kyng and one of hys priuie chamber called William Compton secretely armed themselues in the little Parke of Richmond and so came into the iustes vnknowen to all persons The Kyng neuer ranne openly before and did exceedinglye well Master Compton chanced to be sore hurt by Edward Neuill Esquier brother to the Lord of Burgeinie so that he was lyke to haue dyed One person there was that knew the Kyng and cryed God saue the Kyng and with that all the people were astonyed and then the Kyng discouered hymselfe to the great comfort of the people The Kyng soone after came to Westminster and there kepte his Shrouetide with greate banquettings dauncings and other iolly pastimes Ambassadors This yeare also came Ambassadors not only from the Kyng of Arragon and Castile but also from the Kynges of Fraunce Denmarke Scotlande and other princes whych were highly welcomed and nobly enterteyned Thys yeare An. reg 2. the Kyng celebratyng the feast of Pentecost at Greenewiche the Thurseday in that weeke with two other whome hee chose of purpose to assist hym as aydes chalenged all commers to fyghte with them at the barriers with target and punching staffe of eyghte foote long and that done to fyghte eache of them twelue strokes with two handed swordes with and against all commers none except beeyng a Gentleman where the Kyng behaued hymselfe so well and deliuered hymselfe so valiauntlye that through hys manly prowes and greate strengthe the lande and prayse of that martiall pastime was gyuen to hym and his aydes notwithstandyng that dyuers valiante and strong personages had assayled them In this seconde yeare the Kyng beeing forth on his progresse hearde euerye daye more and more complayntes of Empson and Dudley set forthe and aduaunced no doubte by the drifte of theyr deadly enimies wherefore The seuenth day hath Ioh◅ Stowe Empson and Dudley beheaded he sent writtes to the Sheriffes of London to putte them to execution and so the seauententh daye of August they were both beheaded at the Tower hil and both theyr bodyes and heads buryed
Lorde Charles the infant in that case the right of the succession shoulde remayne to the sayde Lorde Charles in the sayde dominions of the lowe Countries Burgongne and their appurtenances And yet neuerthelesse in that case both she and the other daughters also descending of this matrimonie shall bee endowed of their fathers landes and possessions aswell in Spaine as in the lowe countries And for want of the sayde Lorde Charles and issue of him and none but daughters remayning of this mariage the eldest daughter in that case shoulde succeede not onelye in the landes of the lowe Countries but also in the Realmes of Spaine Englande and the rest after the nature lawes and customes of the same Herewith was a Prouiso accorded that what soeuer he or she shoulde bee that shoulde succeede in them they shoulde leaue to euery of the sayde Realmes landes and Dominions whole and entire their priuiledges rightes and customes and gouerne the same by the naturall borne of the same Realmes Dominions and landes c. Finally that betweene the sayde Emperor the Prince and his successors their Realmes and the sayde Queene it was concluded that from thenceforth there shoulde bee an intire and sincere fraternitie vnitie and most straite confederacie for euer c. so as they shoulde mutuallye ayde one another in all things according to the strength forme and effecte of the later treatie of a streite amitie bearing date at Westminster in the yeare 1542. the declaration of whiche treatie beareth date at Vtreight the xvj of Ianuarie in the yeare 1546. In another treatise were these articles following comprised First that the Prince of Spaine shoulde not promote admitte or receyue to any office administration or benefice in the Realme of Englande or Dominions to the same belonging any straunger or persons not borne vnder the subiection of the saide Queene That he shoulde receyue into his housholde and Courte Gentlemen and yeomen of the sayde Realme of Englande in a conuenient number esteeming interteyning and nourishing them as his proper subiectes and bring none with him in his retinue that will doe any wrong to the subiectes of the sayde Realme and if they doe hee to correcte them with condigne punishment and to see them expelled his Courte That hee shall doe nothing whereby anye thing bee innouated in the state and righte eyther publicke or priuate or in the lawes and customes of the sayde Realme of Englande or the dominions therevnto belonging But shall keepe to all estates and orders their rights and priuiledges That he shall not leade awaye the Queene oute of the borders of hir Graces Realme vnlesse she hir selfe desire it or carie the children that maye bee borne of this matrimonie out of the same realme vnlesse it be otherwise thought good by the consent and agreement of the Nobilitie of Englande And in case no children being left the sayde Queene do die before him he shall not chalenge anye righte at all in the sayde kingdome but without impediment shall permit the succession thereof to come vnto them to whome it shall belong by the right and lawes of the Realme Item that hee shall not beare nor carye ouer oute of the sayde Realme the iewels and precious things of estimation Neyther shall he alienate or doe away any whit of the appurtenances of the sayde Realme of Englande or suffer anye parte of them to bee vsurped by his subiectes or anye other But shall see that all and singular places of the Realme and speciallye the fortes and frontiers of the same bee faithfully kept and preserued to the vse and profite of the sayde Realme and by the naturall borne of the same He shall not suffer any shyppe gunnes ordinaunces whatsoeuer of warre or defence to be remoued or conueyed out of the same realme but shall contrariwise cause them diligently to be kept and vewed when neede requireth and shall so prouide that the same maye be alwayes readye in their strength and force for defence of the Realme Item the Realme of Englande by occasion of this matrimonie shall not directly nor indirectly bee intangled with the warre that is betweene the Emperour father to the sayde Prince of Spayne and Henrie the Frenche King but he the sayde Prince as muche as in him maye lie on the behalfe of the sayde realme of Englande shall see the peace betweene the sayde Realmes of Fraunce and Englande obserued and shall giue no cause of any breach by which couenant the later treatise of a strayte amitie shoulde not bee in anye poynt derogated but the same still to remayne in the foremer force c. But nowe to returne where wee left At the time of the solemnization of the foresayde mariage holden at Winchester as before yee haue hearde the Emperours ambassadours beyng present openlye pronounced that in consideration of that mariage the Emperour had giuen and graunted to the sayde Prince hys sonne the Kingdome of Naples Hierusalem with diuerse other seates and seigniories The solemnitie of that marriage ended the King of Heraultes called Garter openlye in the Churche in the presence of the King the Queene the Lordes as well of Englande as Spayne and all the people being presente solemnelye proclaymed the Tytle and style of those twoo Princes as followeth Philip and Marie by the grace of God Their title King and Queene of Englande Fraunce Naples Hierusalem and Irelande Defenders of the fayth Princes of Spayne and Scicilie Archedukes of Austriche Dukes of Millayne Burgundie and Brabant Counties of Haspurge Flaunders and Tyroll The Proclamation being ended the trumpettes blewe and the King and the Queene came forthe of the Churche hande in hande and two swords borne before them and so returned to their pallace And assoone as the feasting and solemnitie of the saide marriage was ended the King and Queene departed from Winchester and by easie iourneyes came to Windsore castell where the v. of August being Sundaye King Philip â—â—â—led at Windsore hee was stalled according to the order of the Garter and there kept Saint Georges feast himselfe in hys royall estate and the Earle of Sussex was also the same time stalled in the order The vij of Auguste was made a generall huntyng with a toyle raysed of foure or fiue myles in lengthe so that many a Deare that day was brought to the quarrie The xj of August they remoued to Richemonde and from thence the xxvij of the same moueth by water they came to London landing at the Bishop of Winchesters house thorowe which they passed both into Southwarke Parke and so to Suffolke place where they lodged that night and the next daye being Saterday and the xix of August they being accompanied with a great number of Nobles and gentlemen roade from thence ouer the bridge and passed thorough London vnto Westminster the Citie being beautified with faire and sumptuous pageantes and hanged with riche and costly silkes and clothes of golde and siluer in most royall wise At their passing ouer the bridge there