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wheathamstead_n chief_o note_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o john_n of_o wethamstead_n a_o profound_a philosopher_n other_o place_n hertfordshire_n note_v for_o famous_a man_n ware_n for_o richard_n de_fw-fr ware_n treasurer_n of_o england_n under_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o william_n de_fw-fr ware_n who_o be_v scotus_n his_o teacher_n and_o flourish_v under_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o baldock_n for_o ralph_n baldock_n create_v bishop_n of_o london_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o rudburn_n for_o thomas_n rudburn_n bishop_n of_o st_n david_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1419._o helmstedbury_n for_o sir_n edward_n waterhouse_n chancellor_n of_o the_o exchequer_n in_o ireland_n under_o queen_n elizabeth_n gatesden_n for_o john_n de_fw-fr gatesden_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1420._o hamstead_n for_o daniel_n dike_n cottered_n for_o edward_n symonds_n gorham-berry_n for_o sir_n nicholas_n bacon_n nor_o may_v we_o here_o omit_v other_o eminent_a man_n of_o this_o shire_n viz._n sir_n henry_n 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muse_n rich_o endow_v for_o the_o advancement_n and_o encouragement_n of_o learning_n to_o be_v here_o pass_v by_o and_o too_o well_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o describe_v by_o other_o to_o be_v long_o insist_v on_o eli_n the_o bishop_n seat_n and_o denominate_a city_n of_o the_o diocese_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o one_o audery_n who_o be_v first_o wife_n of_o one_o tombret_n prince_n of_o these_o part_n and_o afterward_o of_o egbert_n king_n of_o northumberland_n from_o who_o depart_v she_o here_o betake_v herself_o to_o a_o devout_a life_n and_o build_v a_o most_o stately_a monastery_n of_o which_o she_o herself_o become_v the_o first_o abbess_n this_o place_n be_v also_o recordable_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o several_a learned_a man_n viz._n andrew_n willet_n who_o die_v an._n 1621._o sir_n thomas_n ridly_n dr._n of_o the_o law_n who_o die_v an._n 1629._o richard_n parker_n who_o die_v here_o an._n 1624._o everton_n in_o this_o shire_n give_v birth_n to_o john_n 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the_o emperor_n constantius_n but_o this_o be_v more_o certain_a that_o it_o be_v make_v a_o archbishopric_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 625._o at_o leeds_n in_o the_o west-riding_a oswye_n king_n of_o northumberland_n encounter_v the_o unite_a force_n of_o ethelbald_n son_n of_o oswald_n king_n of_o northumberland_n ethelbert_n king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n and_o penda_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n to_o all_o who_o he_o give_v a_o mighty_a defeat_n slay_v penda_n and_o ethelbert_n and_o put_v ethelbald_a to_o flight_n selby_n a_o town_n of_o good_a trade_n and_o resort_n but_o most_o memorable_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o this_o be_v by_o some_o account_v in_o lincolnshire_n wakefield_n be_v a_o town_n not_o more_o considerable_a for_o its_o clothing_n than_o for_o the_o memory_n of_o a_o great_a battle_n fight_v between_o the_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n beside_o a_o defeat_n give_v in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o 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famous_a
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of_o less_o note_n yield_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n not_o reckon_v less_o yearly_a than_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o hogshead_n of_o pilchard_n and_o five_o hundred_o barrel_n of_o herring_n beside_o some_o tun_n of_o congerdoust_n &_o great_a store_n of_o ray-fish_n which_o employ_v some_o hundred_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o enable_v they_o to_o provide_v plentiful_o for_o their_o family_n and_o reserve_v as_o the_o old_a say_n be_v a_o penny_n against_o a_o rainy_a day_n these_o commodity_n viz._n pilchard_n be_v vend_v by_o the_o hogshead_n four_o of_o they_o make_v a_o tun_n as_o likewise_o by_o the_o thousand_o they_o allow_v twelve_o hundred_o small_a tale_n to_o the_o thousand_o and_o a_o barrel_n of_o herring_n common_o thirty_o gallon_n be_v sell_v to_o the_o merchant_n for_o eighteen_o shilling_n twenty_o shilling_n or_o according_a as_o the_o fish_n season_n be_v propitious_a congerdoust_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o kintale_n viz._n one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n to_o the_o kintale_n ray-fish_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n sell_v fresh_a and_o that_o by_o the_o dozen_o at_o two_o shilling_n four_o penny_n two_o shilling_n six_o penny_n and_o sometime_o three_o shilling_n per_n dozen_o but_o their_o dozen_o be_v extraordinary_a large_a they_o allow_v sometime_o sixty_o to_o the_o dozen_o but_o sometime_o less_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n their_o weight_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n according_a to_o the_o slander_n their_o yard_n and_o ell_n equal_a to_o those_o of_o london_n their_o bushel_n for_o grain_n and_o salt_n import_v contain_v twenty_o eight_o gallon_n water_n measure_n and_o so_o proportionable_a the_o great_a or_o the_o lesser_a measure_n but_o their_o bushel_n use_v in_o public_a market_n for_o corn_n be_v but_o twenty_o gallon_n their_o gallon_n agree_v with_o the_o winchester_n gallon_n the_o baker_n in_o those_o part_n be_v but_o few_o and_o the_o most_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o be_v salt_n ten_o thousand_o bushel_n be_v yearly_o spend_v in_o cure_v their_o fish_n the_o manner_n of_o take_v pilchard_n and_o herring_n be_v with_o net_n but_o the_o ray-fish_n with_o hook_n the_o first_o be_v fish_v for_o from_o the_o first_o of_o july_n till_o the_o first_o of_o january_n the_o second_o from_o michalemass_n till_o christmas_n and_o the_o three_o and_o last_o only_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o summer_n sixty_o boat_n and_o about_o four_o hundred_o man_n be_v employ_v therein_o devonshire_n be_v no_o less_o rich_a in_o vein_n of_o tin_n adorn_v it_o be_v with_o many_o town_n and_o good_a havens_n as_o exon_n dartmouth_n and_o plymouth_n the_o latter_a famous_a for_o produce_v the_o worthy_a sr._n francis_n drake_n the_o seaport_n as_o the_o former_a most_o subsist_v by_o fishery_n dorsetshire_n abound_v in_o cattle_n fertile_a pasture_n and_o linen_n manufacture_n it_o be_v chief_a town_n be_v dorchester_n and_o waymouth_n somersetshire_n be_v famous_a for_o the_o many_o trade_n place_n contain_v in_o its_o circuit_n but_o especial_o in_o bristol_n the_o second_o city_n of_o england_n for_o naval_a commerce_n as_o be_v store_v with_o merchant_n trade_n into_o most_o part_n of_o the_o know_a world_n it_o abound_v in_o riches_n and_o the_o county_n no_o less_o in_o corn_n cattle_n wool_n woollen_a cloth_n serges_n and_o other_o valuable_a commodity_n which_o they_o trade_v withal_o to_o other_o adjacent_a county_n darbyshire_n the_o head_n of_o which_o be_v the_o town_n of_o derby_n abound_v in_o plenty_n of_o corn_n leaden_a mine_n and_o other_o mineral_n wiltshire_n be_v a_o inland_a county_n but_o the_o people_n frugal_n and_o industrious_a their_o chief_a commodity_n be_v woollen-cloth_n which_o be_v disperse_v all_o over_o england_n and_o bring_v they_o a_o good_a return_n maintain_v at_o least_o three_o thousand_o person_n in_o card_v spine_a weave_a shear_a dress_n and_o the_o like_a the_o head_n of_o this_o county_n be_v salisbury_n
for_o its_o chief_a city_n champechio_n this_o province_n yield_v wood_n for_o die_v rich_a colour_n and_o likewise_o store_n of_o deer_n and_o cattle_n almost_o like_o elks._n florida_n be_v discover_v by_o sebastian_n cabot_n anno_fw-la 1467._o which_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o spaniard_n with_o who_o the_o french_a make_v war_n till_o they_o consume_v each_o other_o people_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o it_o be_v abandon_v by_o either_o nation_n but_o since_o repeopled_a by_o the_o spaniard_n who_o have_v build_v there_o several_a strong_a fort_n the_o commodity_n be_v gold_n over_o some_o vein_n of_o silver_n some_o spice_n and_o wood_n of_o value_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o those_o province_n the_o spaniard_n possess_v now_o i_o shall_v come_v to_o treat_v of_o virginia_n and_o new-england_n possess_v by_o the_o english_a chap._n xiii_o a_o view_n of_o virginia_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n manner_n custom_n and_o government_n thereof_o and_o of_o the_o commodity_n of_o that_o colony_n virginia_n be_v discover_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n anno_fw-la 1584._o have_v its_o name_n from_o our_o virgin_n queen_n it_o lie_v in_o height_n thirty_o five_o degree_n north_n latitude_n and_o extend_v to_o thirty_o eight_o and_o a_o half_a be_v plant_v by_o the_o english_a only_o from_o 37_o to_o 34_o degree_n under_o the_o protection_n and_o supreme_a authority_n of_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n &_o have_v the_o bay_n of_o roanoake_n and_o cape_n florida_n to_o the_o southward_n and_o mary-land_n to_o the_o northward_o the_o main_a entrance_n out_o of_o virginia_n into_o the_o sea_n be_v about_o 10_o league_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o navigable_a river_n store_v with_o fish_n and_o some_o of_o they_o abound_v with_o oyster_n crab_n and_o sturgeon_n many_o of_o the_o river_n be_v 7_o 8_o 9_o or_o 10_o mile_n over_o run_v 140_o and_o 150_o mile_n up_o in_o the_o country_n so_o that_o ship_n anchor_n with_o great_a security_n no_o trade_n be_v permit_v but_o with_o england_n so_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o any_o vessel_n arrive_v the_o master_n or_o captain_n resort_v to_o the_o governor_n to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v his_o residence_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o jame_n city_n lie_v 40_o mile_n up_o jame_n river_n and_o round_o about_o the_o english_a colony_n the_o indian_n inhabit_v who_o treachery_n prove_v too_o often_o fatal_a to_o our_o countryman_n as_o the_o several_a massacree_n they_o have_v make_v can_v testify_v their_o court_n of_o judicature_n chief_o consist_v of_o 4_o quarterly_a court_n the_o governor_n and_o his_o council_n be_v judge_n to_o try_v and_o determine_v as_o well_o in_o matter_n criminal_a as_o suit_n between_o man_n and_o man_n and_o every_o year_n once_o a_o assembly_n meet_v in_o imitation_n of_o our_o parliament_n to_o settle_v weighty_a affair_n their_o law_n be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o as_o likewise_o what_o money_n they_o have_v be_v of_o english_a coyn._n the_o soil_n be_v everywhere_o fertile_a and_o the_o wood_n abound_v with_o oak_n of_o divers_a sort_n black_a walnut_n chess-nut_n ash_n pine_n day-wood_n cedar_n saxafras_n mulbury_n small-nut_n wild_a grape_n and_o the_o like_a the_o wether_n be_v much_o like_o we_o only_o in_o the_o summer_n continue_v a_o month_n long_o hot_a and_o be_v trouble_v with_o flash_n of_o lightning_n dismal_a clap_n of_o thunder_n and_o now_o and_o then_o a_o hurricane_a the_o day_n be_v about_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_o short_a in_o summer_n and_o so_o much_o long_o in_o winter_n all_o sort_n of_o english_a fruit_n and_o cattle_n thrive_v there_o and_o their_o chief_a commodity_n among_o themselves_o be_v horse_n ox_n sheep_n hog_n turkey_n goose_n &_o duck_n corn_n of_o which_o they_o have_v store_n and_o their_o wood_n abound_v with_o hair_n roacoon_n possum_n squirrel_n wild-cat_n fox_n bear_n wolf_n elk_n and_o in_o remote_a part_n some_o lion_n be_v find_v their_o corn_n call_v indian_a corn_n or_o maiz_n they_o buy_v and_o sell_v by_o the_o barrel_n which_o barrel_n contain_v 5_o bushel_n winchester_n measure_v and_o the_o indian_n sell_v their_o corn_n pease_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n among_o themselves_o by_o the_o basket_n each_o basket_n contain_v half_o a_o bushel_n the_o chief_a commodity_n they_o trade_n with_o our_o merchant_n for_o except_o tobacco_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v anon_o be_v hide_n otter_n beaver_n muskats_n bear_v dear-skin_n saxafras_n black-walnut-tree-plank_n etc._n etc._n with_o they_o and_o tobacco_n 40_o or_o 50_o ship_n be_v yearly_o load_v no_o custom_n be_v lay_v upon_o any_o thing_n import_v or_o export_v but_o in_o england_n they_o pay_v five_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o all_o they_o carry_v over_o and_o 2_o penny_n per_fw-la pound_n for_o every_o pound_n of_o tobacco_n bring_v from_o thence_o and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o other_o good_n the_o commodity_n carry_v from_o england_n thither_o be_v linen_n and_o woollen-cloth_n nails_o iron_n wrought_v into_o tool_n soap_n starch_n gunpowder_n shot_n wine_n strong-water_n brandy_n sugar_n spice_n and_o the_o like_a and_o when_o any_o one_o come_v over_o with_o servant_n to_o inhabit_v as_o a_o planter_n he_o have_v 50_o acre_n of_o land_n allot_v he_o to_o manure_v even_o where_o he_o will_v choose_v unless_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v before_o in_o possession_n and_o for_o that_o parcel_n of_o land_n he_o pay_v 12_o penny_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la quit_v rent_n the_o manner_n of_o plant_v and_o bring_v to_o perfection_n their_o tobacco_n account_v by_o they_o the_o staple_n commodity_n of_o the_o colony_n be_v thus_o in_o january_n they_o sow_v the_o seed_n which_o be_v small_a than_o mustardseed_n and_o when_o it_o come_v up_o they_o take_v up_o the_o plant_n and_o place_v they_o upon_o little_a hill_n which_o be_v usual_o do_v in_o may_n 4_o or_o 5000._o hill_n be_v contain_v in_o one_o acre_n every_o hill_n contain_v a_o plant_n the_o which_o when_o it_o be_v about_o 2_o foot_n high_a they_o crop_v to_o give_v more_o nourishment_n to_o the_o leave_n which_o leave_n be_v a_o foot_n or_o two_o foot_n long_o and_o some_o a_o foot_n broad_a and_o when_o they_o be_v at_o the_o bige_v they_o cut_v they_o up_o stalk_v and_o all_o and_o hang_v they_o up_o in_o sheads_n to_o dry_a which_o do_v they_o strip_v they_o from_o the_o stalk_n and_o so_o bind_v they_o up_o in_o handful_n for_o pack_v in_o cask_n or_o make_v they_o up_o in_o roll_n a_o acre_n of_o good_a ground_n be_v reckon_v to_o bear_v 1500_o weight_n of_o tobacco_n not_o less_o than_o 17000._o hogshead_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v ship_v yearly_o for_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n their_o servant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n consist_v of_o negro_n which_o they_o buy_v of_o the_o merchant_n that_o bring_v they_o thither_o chap._n fourteen_o a_o view_n of_o new-england_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o new-england_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a town_n or_o city_n boston_n where_o all_o their_o trade_n centre_n especial_o that_o which_o accrue_v by_o navigation_n a_o place_n which_o contain_v about_o 1500_o house_n build_v of_o brick_n and_o timber_n in_o it_o be_v a_o state_n house_n and_o congregational_a meeting-house_n the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v presbyterian_o and_o independent_n and_o be_v supply_v with_o great_a quantity_n of_o fish_n from_o marblehead_n and_o other_o place_n as_o for_o fowl_n they_o trade_n with_o the_o indian_n as_o likewise_o for_o muscat_n beaver_n otter_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o they_o deliver_v they_o strong-water_n shagged-cloath_n bead_n looking-glass_n and_o the_o like_a and_o thither_o likewise_o be_v bring_v provision_n from_o st._n martin_n long_a island_n road_n island_n shelter_n island_n and_o other_o place_n they_o all_o be_v little_a spot_n stand_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v their_o trade_n chief_o consist_v in_o provision_n the_o chief_a road_n for_o the_o safe_a ride_v of_o ship_n be_v boston_n charlestown_n salem_n and_o pascataqua_n a_o mint_n they_o have_v in_o which_o they_o coin_n english_a money_n as_o 12_o penny_n 6_o penny_n 3_o penny_n and_o small_a piece_n both_o silver_n and_o tinn_n the_o reason_n of_o set_v it_o up_o be_v upon_o the_o spread_a of_o many_o adulterate_a piece_n of_o eight_o among_o they_o bring_v from_o peru_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o english_a coin_n mexico_n and_o sevil_n royal_n go_v currant_n at_o a_o crown_n apiece_o their_o account_n be_v keep_v after_o the_o italian_a fashion_n by_o such_o as_o understand_v the_o way_n and_o those_o that_o do_v not_o keep_v they_o as_o in_o old_a england_n their_o weight_n be_v averdupois_n and_o troy_n the_o former_a consist_v of_o 16_o ounce_n the_o pound_n and_o the_o latter_a of_o twelve_o their_o hundred_o averdupois_n be_v 112_o pound_n and_o by_o that_o they_o
length_n 3000_o miles_n and_o when_o it_o overflows_a not_o it_o portent_v some_o fatal_a disaster_n to_o the_o king_n or_o kingdom_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o land_n be_v fertilize_v for_o as_o for_o rain_v there_o be_v none_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o traffic_n be_v alexandria_n a_o famous_a seaport_n found_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o cairo_n common_o call_v grand_a cairo_n and_o in_o these_o centre_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n therefore_o omit_v place_n of_o lesser_a note_n i_o shall_v only_o take_v a_o view_n of_o these_o two_o city_n and_o their_o commerce_n with_o such_o as_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n and_o first_o of_o alexandria_n alexandria_n first_o found_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a in_o expedition_z to_o conquer_v the_o world_n be_v the_o chief_a maritime_a city_n of_o egypt_n and_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v thither_o bring_v flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n rice_n balsam_n date_n drug_n and_o spice_n and_o the_o country_n in_o general_n produce_v abundance_n of_o palm_n tree_n beside_o hither_o be_v bring_v the_o plenty_n of_o arabia_n india_n and_o persia_n as_o spice_n drug_n silk_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o the_o customhouse_n be_v accountable_a yearly_a for_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o palm_n tree_n that_o grow_v in_o that_o country_n be_v this_o they_o always_o grow_v in_o cupples_n twist_v or_o twine_v viz._n male_a and_o female_a the_o female_a palm_n only_o bear_v fruit_n and_o that_o not_o without_o the_o male_a for_o if_o the_o male_a palm_n be_v cut_v away_o the_o female_a will_v not_o bear_v the_o fruit_n be_v cod_n with_o seed_n and_o pleasant_a juice_n the_o pith_n of_o these_o tree_n be_v excellent_a in_o taste_n and_o very_o nourish_v of_o the_o leave_n they_o make_v fan_n mat_n and_o basket_n of_o the_o outward_a husk_n of_o the_o cod_n cordage_n and_o of_o the_o inward_a brush_n the_o fruit_n they_o bear_v be_v like_o a_o fig_n which_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n for_o meat_n green_a and_o dry_v for_o bread_n the_o weight_n use_v here_o be_v four_o sort_n first_o the_o quintar_n of_o zera_n second_o the_o quintar_n of_o forfor_o three_o the_o quintar_n of_o zaidin_n the_o four_o the_o quintar_n of_o mina_n the_o first_o be_v find_v to_o be_v english_a 112_o pound_n the_o second_o 93_o pound_n english_a the_o three_o 134_o pound_n english_a the_o four_o the_o 167_o pound_n english_a averdupois_n weight_n the_o measure_n be_v twofold_a viz._n the_o pico_n barbaresco_n which_o be_v use_v for_o the_o measure_v of_o cloth_n both_o linen_n and_o woollen_a and_o be_v in_o length_n 25_o â…ž_n english_a inch_n and_o the_o pico_n turchesco_n with_o which_o be_v measure_v silk_n fine_a stuff_n cloth_n of_o gold_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 22_o ¼_n english_a inch_n as_o for_o wet_a and_o dry_a measure_n they_o be_v of_o little_a use_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o sell_v by_o weight_n for_o the_o most_o part_n chap._n xxvii_o a_o view_n of_o cairo_n and_o the_o trade_n weight_n measure_n and_o custom_n thereof_o cairo_n be_v a_o famous_a city_n situate_v in_o the_o vast_a plain_n beneath_o the_o mountain_n of_o mucatun_n and_o not_o above_o 2_o mile_n from_o the_o bank_n of_o nilus_n adorn_v with_o many_o stately_a building_n as_o palace_n college_n temple_n and_o the_o like_a and_o have_v in_o it_o a_o large_a burse_n or_o exchange_n of_o 3_o story_n high_a the_o first_o of_o which_o consist_v of_o warehouse_n for_o gross_a good_n in_o the_o second_o be_v lay_v up_o musk_n amber_n silk_n spice_n and_o the_o like_a and_o in_o the_o three_o the_o merchant_n who_o have_v warehouse_n there_o lodge_v with_o their_o retinue_n which_o merchant_n be_v of_o 6_o sort_n first_o the_o native_a egyptian_n second_o the_o arabian_n or_o moor_n three_o the_o merchant_n of_o europe_n christian_n four_a the_o turk_n five_o the_o jew_n and_o sixthly_a the_o christian_n of_o africa_n as_o greek_o armenian_n etc._n etc._n the_o lord_n of_o this_o city_n and_o country_n be_v the_o grand_a signeour_n who_o govern_v by_o his_o bashaw_n or_o vice-king_n the_o commodity_n trade_v for_o by_o the_o europian_n merchant_n be_v flax_n rice_n balsam_n pull_v fruit_n cotton_n sugar_n hemp_n and_o the_o like_a which_o according_a to_o the_o overflow_a of_o nilus_n the_o soil_n yield_v in_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n so_o that_o when_o they_o have_v a_o plentiful_a year_n they_o make_v a_o feast_n to_o nilus_n or_o the_o river_n god_n as_o they_o term_v he_o and_o exceed_o rejoice_v thereto_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o this_o kingdom_n accrue_v by_o custom_n and_o other_o way_n amount_v to_o 3_o million_o of_o sheraffe_n each_o value_v at_o 8_o shilling_n sterling_a one_o million_o of_o which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o grand_a signior_n one_o for_o maintain_v the_o force_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o other_o to_o enable_v the_o bashaw_n to_o keep_v his_o court._n the_o custom_n be_v either_o pay_v in_o species_n or_o compound_v for_o at_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n only_o money_n enter_v pay_v but_o one_o and_o a_o half_a per_fw-la cent_n but_o outward_a all_o commodity_n pay_v 11_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v account_v the_o souldan_n custom_n the_o custom_n of_o alexandria_n be_v farm_a by_o the_o jew_n at_o 20000_o medins_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la which_o according_a to_o computation_n amount_v to_o 55000_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la sterling_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o alexandria_n the_o currant_n coin_n in_o egypt_n be_v spanish_a royal_n of_o 8_o which_o they_o call_v piastre_n and_o dollar_n the_o meden_n the_o asper_n the_o soltana_n xeriffe_n and_o cheqeen_v the_o value_n of_o each_o as_o before_o recite_v their_o account_n be_v various_o keep_v some_o in_o one_o sort_n of_o coin_n and_o some_o in_o another_o the_o chief_a trade_n drive_v here_o by_o the_o european_a christian_n be_v by_o the_o french_a and_o venetian_n the_o english_a have_v of_o late_o decline_v it_o as_o have_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n or_o the_o same_o commodity_n at_o cheap_a rate_n in_o india_n and_o aleppo_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o continent_n of_o egypt_n chap._n xxviii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o sea_n appertain_v to_o africa_n with_o their_o commodity_n trade_n weight_n measure_n etc._n etc._n the_o isle_n be_v these_o viz._n madagascar_n zocotara_n st._n thomas_n the_o canary_n island_n the_o island_n of_o assores_fw-la or_o tarceras_n the_o first_o abound_v in_o ginger_n cloves_n and_o silver_n mine_n and_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n anno_fw-la 1506._o the_o money_n in_o use_n among_o the_o native_n be_v glass_n bead_n of_o cambaia_n which_o pass_v currant_n among_o they_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v few_o and_o those_o uncertain_a the_o second_o lie_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n 10_o degree_n northward_o from_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o yield_v cattle_n and_o corn_n but_o the_o chief_a thing_n trade_v for_o be_v aloe_n which_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o quintar_n which_o averdupois_n english_a be_v 93_o pound_n the_o three_o lie_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a in_o which_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o portugal_n the_o chief_a commodity_n it_o yield_v be_v sugar_n of_o which_o so_o much_o be_v make_v as_o lade_v yearly_o 50_o vessel_n of_o good_a burden_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o use_v at_o lisbon_n as_o indeed_o wherever_o the_o portugal_n plant_v themselves_o they_o impose_v their_o own_o weight_n and_o measure_n on_o the_o inhabitant_n four_o the_o canary_n island_n which_o be_v 7_o in_o number_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v very_o fruitful_a abound_v in_o sugarcane_n and_o those_o bird_n we_o call_v caâ—â—ry_a bird_n and_o in_o canary_n wine_n which_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o island_n of_o which_o 4_o or_o 500_o tun_n be_v yearly_o export_v and_o disperse_v over_o europe_n there_o be_v likewise_o wood_n of_o excellent_a use_n for_o dyer_n hither_o the_o english_a trade_n and_o for_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o island_n exchange_n say_v serge_n bay_n linen_n etc._n etc._n their_o weight_n measure_n and_o coin_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o sevil_n of_o which_o in_o order_n i_o shall_v speak_v five_o the_o island_n of_o assores_fw-la or_o tarceras_n direct_o under_o the_o meridian_n be_v first_o discover_v by_o the_o fleming_n and_o abound_v in_o cattle_n corn_n wood_n and_o the_o like_a but_o be_v of_o little_a use_n some_o for_o harbour_v and_o revictualling_a of_o ship_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o the_o east-indies_n as_o be_v many_o other_o small_a island_n lie_v in_o that_o vast_a ocean_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o africa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n xxix_o a_o view_n of_o asia_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n
manner_n and_o custom_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o description_n of_o their_o currant_n coin_n weight_n measure_n etc._n etc._n asia_n earth_n three_o portion_n be_v divide_v from_o africa_n by_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o egyptian_a isthmus_n and_o from_o europe_n by_o the_o egean_a propontis_n and_o euxian_a sea_n by_o palus_n meotis_n tunais_n duina_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v divide_v into_o these_o region_n or_o province_n viz._n anatolia_n syria_n palestina_n armenia_n arabia_n media_n assyria_n mesopotamia_n chaldea_n persia_n parthia_n tartary_n china_n india_n and_o the_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n anatolia_n or_o anatolia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o euphrates_n on_o the_o west_n with_o thracius_n bosphorus_n propontis_n the_o hellespont_n and_o egean_a on_o the_o north_n propontis_n euxinus_n and_o on_o the_o south_n bound_v with_o the_o rhodian_a and_o lycian_a sea_n in_o this_o province_n smyrna_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o trade_n therefore_o pass_v over_o those_o of_o less_o note_n i_o shall_v centre_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n in_o that_o one_o city_n smyrna_n the_o city_n to_o which_o the_o church_n of_o which_o st._n john_n direct_v his_o revelation_n be_v seat_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o gulgh_n call_v the_o gulf_n of_o smyrna_n where_o reside_v a_o english_a consul_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o french_a and_o venetian_n the_o principal_a trade_n have_v be_v late_o remove_v from_o scio_fw-la thither_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o advantageous_a harbour_n for_o ship_n this_o city_n be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o grand_fw-fr signeur_fw-fr and_o be_v inhabit_a by_o all_o nation_n but_o especial_o trade_v to_o by_o the_o english_a french_a and_o venetian_n the_o commodity_n find_v there_o which_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o arabian_n persian_n and_o other_o merchant_n of_o asia_n and_o sell_v to_o the_o christian_a trader_n in_o that_o port_n be_v cotton_n wool_n gall_n anniseed_n wax_v cordovant_n cotton_v wrought_v grogram_n yarn_n cute_v carpet_n grogram_n chamblet_n mohair_n fruit_n drug_n and_o store_n of_o persian_a silk_n which_o be_v bring_v on_o camel_n and_o dromidary_n by_o land_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v of_o our_o merchant_n in_o exchange_n suffolk_n essex_n and_o gloucester_n clothes_n yorkshire_n and_o hampshire_n kersey_n lead_v tinn_n pepper_n calico_n indigo_n clove_n cinnamon_n and_o the_o like_a which_o spice_n be_v former_o the_o growth_n of_o those_o country_n but_o in_o the_o intestine_a war_n the_o tree_n for_o the_o most_o part_n destroy_v and_o now_o supply_v by_o our_o merchant_n be_v bring_v from_o india_n the_o venetian_n trade_n with_o they_o for_o pepper_n cloth_n wrought_v silk_n velvet_n and_o the_o french_a bring_v thither_o cloth_n paper_n and_o bullion_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o they_o convert_v to_o coin_n stamp_v with_o the_o effigy_n and_o motto_n of_o the_o grand_a signeour_n for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o the_o same_o with_o what_o be_v currant_n all_o over_o his_o empire_n which_o when_o i_o come_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o constantinople_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o i_o shall_v describe_v the_o weight_n in_o use_n be_v the_o quintar_n which_o contain_v 100_o rotolos_n or_o 24_o oak_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 400_o dram_fw-la they_o have_v likewise_o the_o lodoro_n be_v 176_o dram_fw-la and_o the_o pound_n averdupois_n have_v appear_v to_o be_v 148_o dram_fw-la and_o the_o quintar_n of_o 42_o oak_n to_o be_v 119_o pound_n english_a though_o sometime_o but_o 117._o their_o measure_n be_v two_o viz._n one_o for_o linen_n and_o the_o other_o for_o woollen_a to_o which_o as_o before_o in_o the_o weight_n i_o shall_v refer_v the_o reader_n to_o those_o of_o constantinople_n they_o be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o the_o customhouse_n of_o smyrna_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n farm_a of_o the_o grand_a signeour_n and_o three_o per_fw-la cent_n only_o take_v of_o the_o english_a merchant_n unless_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n and_o although_o there_o have_v be_v a_o edict_n publish_v by_o the_o grand_a signeour_n that_o no_o good_n pay_v in_o one_o port_n of_o his_o dominious_a and_o bring_v into_o a_o other_o port_n shall_v pay_v any_o more_o duty_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o observe_v but_o the_o merchant_n be_v oblige_v to_o compound_v with_o the_o customer_n upon_o that_o occasion_n but_o this_o custom_n of_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n be_v only_o to_o the_o english_a by_o virtue_n of_o their_o treaty_n for_o the_o french_a dutch_a and_o venetian_n pay_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n the_o charge_n of_o the_o port_n for_o ship_n before_o they_o can_v be_v clear_v be_v sometime_o pay_v in_o commodity_n and_o sometime_o in_o money_n as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o the_o most_o part_n be_v thus_o to_o the_o cadie_n 5_o pico_n of_o venetian_a cloth_n and_o coney_n skin_n to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o cadies_n servant_n 3_o ½_o picos_fw-la english_a cloth_n to_o the_o cady_n caya_n 3_o picos_fw-la of_o what_o cloth_n he_o shall_v choose_v to_o the_o cady_n scrivan_n a_o chicquen_n in_o gold_n to_o the_o cadies_n page_n 2_o ½_o dollar_n to_o the_o mosier_n bashaw_n 1_o ½_o picos_fw-la of_o cloth_n to_o the_o cadies_n janissary_n a_o chicquen_n in_o gold_n all_o of_o which_o be_v common_o account_v to_o be_v worth_a 68_o or_o 69_o dollar_n but_o to_o conclude_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o port_n be_v most_o in_o request_n for_o the_o abundance_n of_o cotton_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o adjacent_a part_n after_o this_o manner_n about_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o year_n it_o be_v sow_v and_o come_v up_o with_o a_o slender_n stalk_v like_o wheat_n but_o strong_a as_o a_o cane_n and_o bear_v a_o beard_a head_n exceed_v hard_a but_o when_o ripe_a it_o open_v of_o itself_o and_o yield_v both_o seed_n and_o cotton_n the_o first_o of_o which_o they_o preserve_v to_o sow_v again_o and_o the_o latter_a they_o sell_v to_o the_o english_a and_o french_a to_o the_o quantity_n yearly_a of_o 20000_o quintal_n chap._n xxx_o a_o view_n of_o syria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o syria_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n on_o the_o east_n with_o euphrates_n on_o the_o south_n with_o palestine_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o cilicia_n and_o contain_v 3_o province_n viz._n phoenicia_n caelosyria_n and_o syrophaenicia_n in_o phoenicia_n be_v principal_o find_v the_o city_n of_o acria_n and_o sidon_n where_o the_o chief_a trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v with_o the_o venetian_n and_o french_a who_o traffic_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o corn_n gall_n wool_n and_o wax_v and_o in_o the_o lieu_n thereof_o give_v they_o spice_n and_o europian_n cloth_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o cantar_n of_o acria_n which_o make_v 603_o pound_n english_a and_o the_o rottolo_n which_o be_v 4_o pound_n 5_o ½_o ounce_n english_a and_o 650_o dram_fw-la their_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n with_o which_o they_o measure_v their_o cloth_n and_o other_o commodity_n their_o coin_n especial_o they_o of_o sidon_n and_o the_o rial_n of_o 8_o â—_o spanish_a and_o chickqeen_n of_o gold_n the_o ryal_n go_v currant_n for_o 70_o asper_n and_o the_o chickqeen_n at_o 108_o but_o seldom_o continue_v long_o at_o a_o settle_a value_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o province_n of_o phoenicia_n syrophaenicia_n contain_v the_o city_n of_o baruti_fw-la former_o call_v julia_n felix_n once_o a_o city_n of_o great_a trade_n but_o of_o late_o reduce_v to_o straight_a limit_n and_o little_a trade_n all_o they_o have_v with_o europe_n be_v from_o the_o venetian_n their_o commodity_n be_v wax_n drug_n some_o silk_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n common_a to_o asia_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o cantar_n contain_v 100_o rotolo_n each_o rotolo_n be_v account_v 502_o pound_n english_a their_o measure_n be_v the_o pico_n 100_o contain_v 86_o venetian_a brace_n their_o trade_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v with_o the_o merchant_n of_o arabia_n persia_n and_o turkey_n who_o bring_v thither_o their_o merchandise_n at_o certain_a season_n when_o the_o carravan_n set_v out_o not_o otherwise_o dare_v to_o venture_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o rover_n that_o rob_v in_o great_a troop_n the_o chief_a metropolis_n of_o caelosyria_n be_v damascus_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a scale_n of_o trade_n in_o that_o province_n therefore_o so_o that_o in_o describe_v the_o trade_n of_o that_o the_o rest_n will_v be_v include_v chap._n xxxi_o a_o view_n of_o damascus_n of_o the_o trade_n weight_n measure_n and_o currant_n coin_n thereof_o damascus_n be_v account_v the_o head_n of_o syria_n and_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o plenty_n as_o grape_n corn_n cattle_n cotton_n saffron_n steel_n raw_a silk_n oil_n honey_n wax_n balsam_n almond_n date_n and_o rice_n which_o be_v all_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n and_o bring_v thither_o by_o the_o merchant_n as_o the_o chief_a mart_n for_o which_o they_o
pepper_n be_v charge_v but_o with_o half_a custom_n and_o consequent_o rate_v at_o half_o less_o than_o it_o cost_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o trade_n of_o aleppo_n chap._n xxxiii_o a_o view_n of_o tripoli_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o city_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o piratical_a city_n in_o barbary_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n be_v call_v tripoli_n of_o syria_n and_o be_v former_o the_o scale_n of_o trade_n but_o it_o have_v be_v of_o late_o remove_v to_o aleppo_n as_o be_v before_o mention_v so_o that_o now_o it_o have_v little_a trade_n with_o europe_n except_o what_o the_o venetian_n find_v there_o the_o commodity_n vend_v be_v cotton_n in_o yarn_n and_o wool_n drug_n of_o several_a sort_n corn_n and_o some_o spice_n the_o weight_n use_v there_o be_v the_o rottolo_n of_o 100_o pound_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 416_o pound_n averdupois_n allow_v 52_o dram_fw-la to_o the_o ounce_n the_o money_n currant_n be_v asper_n dollar_n lion_n and_o soltiny_n the_o common_a money_n of_o syria_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o region_n chap._n xxxiv_o a_o view_n of_o palestine_n and_o the_o province_n trade_n weight_n measure_n custom_n and_o currant_n coin_n thereof_o the_o province_n of_o palestine_n be_v 4_o viz._n galilea_n judaea_n idumea_n and_o samaria_n in_o these_o province_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v gaza_n and_o tyrus_n which_o at_o present_a afford_v but_o little_a trade_n and_o what_o be_v afford_v be_v carry_v on_o by_o the_o venetian_n the_o commodity_n of_o the_o former_a be_v cotton_n in_o wool_n and_o yarn_n several_a sort_n of_o drug_n and_o spice_n the_o coin_n currant_n there_o be_v those_o of_o turkey_n the_o weight_n use_v be_v the_o rottolo_n and_o cantar_n 100_o rotolo_n go_v to_o the_o cantar_n the_o latter_a viz._n tyrus_n former_o very_o famous_a for_o navigation_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o description_n of_o that_o city_n in_o holy_a writ_n but_o now_o want_v that_o trade_n be_v subject_v by_o the_o turk_n so_o that_o what_o trade_n remain_v be_v among_o themselves_o or_o such_o neighbour_n as_o do_v not_o make_v any_o great_a advantage_n thereof_o their_o weight_n measure_n and_o coin_n be_v those_o use_v throughout_o the_o turkish_a dominion_n chap._n xxxv_o a_o view_n of_o armenia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o trade_n as_o likewise_o of_o arabia_n the_o province_n and_o trade_n thereof_o armenia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o media_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n euphrates_n and_o the_o euxian_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n with_o tartary_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o mesopotamia_n and_o divide_v into_o 3_o province_n viz._n georgia_n colchis_n and_o turcomania_n and_o be_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o grand_a signeour_n and_o abound_v in_o cattle_n fruit_n corn_n and_o such_o like_a but_o have_v little_a commerce_n with_o merchant_n especial_o by_o navigation_n arabia_n be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n viz._n arabia_n desarta_n arabia_n petrosa_n and_o arabia_n faelix_fw-la the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o persian_a gulf_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o red_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n with_o mesopotamia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o arabian_a ocean_n and_o be_v memorable_a for_o nothing_o more_o than_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n wander_v in_o it_o 40_o year_n in_o their_o journey_n out_o of_o egypt_n to_o the_o land_n of_o promise_n be_v altogether_o barren_a nor_o be_v the_o second_o less_o sterile_a so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n live_v upon_o robbery_n and_o spoil_v of_o such_o merchant_n good_n as_o pass_v through_o upon_o camel_n to_o aleppo_n and_o other_o place_n arabia_n faelix_fw-la differ_v from_o the_o former_a as_o be_v fertile_a even_o beyond_o expression_n exceed_v the_o rich_a country_n in_o asia_n in_o its_o abound_v with_o balsam_n myrrh_n frankincense_n gold_n pearl_n spice_n manna_n and_o drug_n of_o most_o sort_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o merchant_n to_o aleppo_n and_o other_o mart_n city_n and_o town_n and_o from_o thence_o disperse_v over_o the_o know_v world_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v medina_n and_o mecha_n famous_a for_o be_v the_o one_o the_o birth_n place_n and_o the_o other_o the_o burial_n place_n of_o the_o impostor_n mahomet_n as_o also_o aden_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o morocco_n and_o tunis_n and_o their_o coin_n be_v the_o asper_n the_o soltany_n and_o chequin_n etc._n etc._n chap._n xxxvi_o a_o view_n of_o assyria_n mesopotamia_n chaldea_n etc._n etc._n assyria_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o armenia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o media_n on_o the_o west_n with_o mesopotamia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o persia_n and_o be_v famous_a for_o its_o metropolis_n the_o great_a city_n ninive_n which_o be_v now_o ruin_v by_o war_n but_o be_v a_o province_n where_o at_o present_a little_a or_o no_o trade_n be_v drive_v and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v the_o more_o light_o pass_v it_o over_o mesopotamia_n be_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o ottoman_a empire_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a city_n carumite_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o turkish_a bashaw_n but_o be_v of_o little_a note_n as_o to_o trade_n chaldea_n be_v famous_a for_o comprehend_v the_o great_a city_n of_o babylon_n now_o call_v bagdet_n build_v first_o by_o nimrod_n and_o afterward_o enlarge_v to_o the_o circuit_n of_o 60_o mile_n by_o semiramis_n who_o wall_n be_v 200_o foot_n high_a and_o 75_o foot_n broad_a and_o be_v salute_v by_o the_o river_n euphrates_n and_o at_o this_o day_n keep_v correspondence_n with_o aleppo_n by_o caravan_n and_o camel_n so_o that_o it_o retain_v a_o considerable_a trade_n and_o what_o be_v worthy_a of_o note_n their_o advice_n to_o and_o from_o distant_a place_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o pigeon_n which_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n effect_v when_o the_o hen_n sit_v they_o carry_v the_o cock_n a_o day_n journey_n and_o then_o fast'ning_n a_o letter_n about_o his_o neck_n let_v he_o go_v who_o immediate_o fly_v home_o and_o there_o the_o letter_n be_v receive_v by_o such_o as_o watch_v his_o return_n and_o so_o by_o degree_n bring_v they_o to_o such_o perfection_n that_o in_o 24_o hour_n a_o letter_n will_v be_v carry_v 100_o or_o 150_o mile_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o aleppo_n and_o their_o weight_n the_o dram_n mittagal_n rottolo_n and_o cantar_n the_o rottolo_n be_v 1_o pound_n 10_o ounce_n english_a their_o measure_n be_v the_o pico_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 27_o inch_n english_a and_o their_o coin_n those_o usual_a throughout_o the_o turkish_a empire_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o repeat_v they_o chap._n xxxvii_o a_o view_n of_o media_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o as_o also_o of_o their_o trade_n weight_n measure_n and_o the_o like_a media_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o armenia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o persia_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o parthia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v tauris_n sultania_n and_o derbent_a of_o which_o the_o former_a be_v the_o metropolis_n and_o common_o make_v the_o summer_n seat_n of_o the_o persian_a sophy_n and_o be_v conjecture_v to_o contain_v 100000._o inhabitant_n the_o trade_n thereof_o consist_v chief_o in_o raw-silk_n of_o which_o there_o be_v store_n which_o be_v trade_v for_o by_o our_o english_a merchant_n and_o other_o and_o what_o remain_v be_v send_v to_o aleppo_n viz_o 2000_o sum_n yearly_a the_o city_n afford_v likewise_o rich_a carpet_n and_o some_o drug_n spice_n cotton_n gall_n alum_n and_o the_o like_a it_o be_v now_o in_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o persian_a monarch_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o babylon_n viz._n the_o rottolo_n cantar_n and_o pico_n the_o country_n round_o about_o be_v very_o fertile_a in_o corn_n and_o plant_n as_o also_o in_o the_o produce_v all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n for_o the_o production_n of_o cattle_n chap._n xxxviii_o a_o view_n of_o persia_n the_o province_n city_n trade_n weight_n measure_n and_o commodity_n thereof_o persia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n indus_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o main_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o tigris_n and_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o 11_o province_n viz._n persis_n susiana_n caramania_n gedrosia_n drangiania_n arica_n arachosia_n parapomisus_n saccha_n hyrcania_n and_o ormus_n all_o large_a province_n persis_n have_v of_o late_o change_v its_o name_n to_o that_o of_o far_o and_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o persian_a gulf_n caramania_n susiana_n and_o media_n and_o abound_v in_o rich_a merchandise_n especial_o silk_n drug_n and_o
river_n tay_n which_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o it_o flow_v like_o a_o large_a sea_n when_o on_o the_o south_n the_o river_n amster_n run_v through_o 3_o lake_n enter_v its_o street_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o river_n tay_n aforesaid_a and_o by_o the_o addition_n or_o a_o new_a city_n to_o the_o old_a it_o be_v become_v commodious_a and_o strong_a and_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o river_n pass_v through_o all_o land-carriage_n be_v save_v the_o boat_n in_o the_o 5_o principal_a street_n come_v up_o to_o the_o door_n especial_o where_o the_o merchant_n warehouse_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n be_v general_o prompt_a to_o navigation_n and_o have_v so_o improve_v themselves_o thereby_o that_o most_o of_o the_o citizen_n be_v merchant_n and_o have_v vessel_n of_o their_o own_o or_o venture_v in_o other_o vessel_n whole_o rely_v â—pon_o the_o advantage_n that_o accrue_v by_o trading_n in_o foreign_a country_n as_o want_v land_n to_o improve_v their_o stock_n at_o home_n so_o that_o of_o late_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v they_o put_v out_o their_o money_n to_o interest_n in_o england_n and_o france_n to_o more_o considerable_a interest_n than_o it_o will_v allow_v in_o their_o own_o country_n 4_o or_o 5_o per_fw-la cent_n be_v great_a interest_n there_o which_o be_v so_o order_v that_o by_o such_o mean_n people_n may_v be_v the_o willing_a to_o venture_v in_o way_n of_o trade_n by_o merchandise_n which_o return_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n 50._o per_fw-la cent_n and_o all_o charge_n pay_v the_o commodity_n find_v in_o amsterdam_n as_o silk_n cloth_n woollen_a and_o linen_n stuff_n drug_n of_o all_o sort_n spice_n die_v oil_n alum_n brimstone_n gold_n and_o silver-thread_n wine_n and_o indeed_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n that_o be_v find_v of_o any_o use_n in_o the_o know_a world_n but_o the_o chief_a commodity_n that_o the_o country_n afford_v which_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v the_o growth_n or_o manufacture_n be_v cattle_n butter_n cheese_n flax_n corn_n linen_n cloth_n coarse_a woollen_a clothes_n tapestry_n picture_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o fish_n but_o especial_o herring_n of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o extraordinary_a advantage_n employ_v in_o the_o season_n for_o that_o fishery_n 6000_o person_n the_o weight_n common_o use_v in_o amsterdam_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o make_v 107_o of_o antwerp_n and_o of_o london_n 110._o the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n 134_o of_o which_o make_v 100_o yard_n of_o london_n or_o 100_o london_n ell_n make_v 167_o 1_o â—_o ell_n of_o amsterdam_n their_o concave_a measure_n be_v for_o corn_n the_o last_o the_o barrel_n the_o muyden_n the_o sack_n the_o archeteling_n and_o the_o sheple_n as_o thus_o 24_o barrel_n make_v the_o last_o each_o barrel_n contain_v 1_o 1_o â—2_n muyden_n a_o muyden_n contain_v 1_o 2_o 24_o sack_n each_o sack_n be_v 3_o archeteling_n or_o 3_o 21_o 29_o shepel_v 108_o shepel_v make_v the_o last_o the_o measure_n for_o wine_n oil_n beer_n and_o other_o liquid_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o england_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o the_o coin_n in_o which_o the_o account_n be_v keep_v be_v the_o same_o with_o antwerp_n viz._n liver_n sold_n and_o denier_n the_o liver_n or_o pound_n flemish_n be_v 12_o shilling_n sterling_a 6_o florin_n make_v the_o flemish_a pound_n at_o 20_o stivers_n per_fw-la florin_n so_o that_o 120_o stivers_n be_v the_o flemish_a pound_n or_o 12_o shilling_n english_a 5_o stivers_n be_v 6_o penny_n sterling_a or_o 5_o sold_v turnois_n a_o gross_a be_v 6_o denier_n a_o carolus_n gulden_n be_v 20_o stivers_n or_o 2_o shilling_n sterling_a or_o 2_o sol_n turnois_n and_o beside_o these_o all_o the_o currant_n coin_n of_o europe_n pass_v here_o according_a to_o their_o true_a value_n as_o they_o again_o may_v be_v pay_v for_o merchandise_n to_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o country_n to_o which_o they_o be_v proper_a and_o thus_o much_o for_o antwerp_n and_o amsterdam_n as_o also_o for_o all_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o the_o netherlands_o the_o trade_n of_o which_o be_v include_v in_o what_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o i_o shall_v pass_v into_o germany_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o that_o large_a empire_n the_o trade_n of_o which_o i_o reduce_v into_o a_o few_o head_n or_o deliver_v it_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o principal_a city_n chap._n lxxx_o a_o view_n of_o germany_n its_o province_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o have_v thus_o far_o proceed_v as_o i_o hope_v to_o the_o content_a of_o the_o reader_n i_o shall_v survey_v the_o empire_n of_o germany_n which_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o denmark_n and_o the_o danish_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n with_o prusia_n poland_n and_o hungary_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o alps_o and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o france_n and_o belgium_n and_o abound_v in_o silver_n mine_n copper_n lead_v tinn_n iron_n corn_n wine_n alum_n quicksilver_n linen_n woollen_a silk_n stuff_n cattle_n corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n all_o of_o its_o own_o growth_n and_o manufacture_n the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o the_o empire_n may_v by_o good_a right_o be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n as_o first_o the_o hans-town_n which_o enjoy_v large_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o be_v compute_v to_o be_v about_o 70_o which_o for_o the_o most_o par_fw-fr be_v accommodate_v with_o navigable_a river_n and_o abound_v in_o rich_a manufacture_n second_o those_o call_v the_o imperial_a city_n which_o be_v impute_v free_a city_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a privilege_n above_o the_o rest_n in_o coin_v money_n bar_v any_o acknowledgement_n of_o subjection_n unless_o to_o the_o emperor_n who_o they_o only_o do_v acknowledge_v for_o their_o protector_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o pay_v a_o annual_a tribute_n be_v 60_o odd_a in_o number_n and_o three_o those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o electoral_a prince_n which_o be_v common_o call_v principality_n the_o river_n by_o which_o these_o town_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v enrich_v be_v 4_o viz._n the_o danube_n which_o running_n 1500_o miles_n receive_v about_o 58_o navigable_a river_n and_o at_o last_o disimbogue_n itself_o into_o the_o euzine_n or_o black-sea_n the_o river_n rhine_n which_o after_o pass_v through_o germany_n and_o belgia_n for_o 800_o mile_n fall_v into_o the_o german_a ocean_n the_o river_n albis_n which_o be_v large_a and_o navigable_a for_o near_o 400_o mile_n and_o the_o river_n odera_fw-mi which_o pass_v 300_o mile_n through_o the_o country_n fall_v into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n there_o be_v likewise_o several_a other_o river_n of_o note_n that_o great_o contribute_v to_o the_o fertilize_a the_o country_n but_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a i_o shall_v pass_v over_o the_o rest_n unless_o the_o description_n of_o some_o city_n require_v the_o mention_v of_o they_o chap._n lxxxi_o a_o view_n of_o strasburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o strasburg_n be_v a_o imperial_a free_a city_n seat_v upon_o a_o fair_a plain_n about_o a_o furlong_n from_o the_o river_n rhine_n over_o which_o they_o have_v lay_v a_o bridge_n and_o a_o channel_n cut_v which_o convey_v ship_n and_o boat_n to_o the_o city_n which_o be_v 8_o mile_n in_o compass_n adorn_v with_o many_o stately_a building_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n a_o cathedral_n who_o steeple_n be_v for_o curious_a architect_n account_v one_o of_o the_o 7_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o generosity_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n towards_o stranger_n there_o be_v great_a resort_n thither_o especial_o of_o lutheran_n calvinist_n etc._n etc._n but_o above_o all_o it_o abound_v in_o handicraft_n or_o artisan_n who_o find_v great_a encouragement_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n be_v the_o common_a stock_n improve_v though_o since_o its_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a king_n they_o have_v not_o proceed_v with_o such_o alacrity_n as_o former_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o little_a assurance_n they_o have_v of_o keep_v what_o they_o acquire_v by_o their_o labour_n the_o commodity_n trade_v for_o hither_o be_v linen_n cloth_n iron_n diaper_n rhenish_a wine_n copper_n wax_n and_o hemp_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v out_o of_o england_n tinn_n lead_v and_o woollen_a cloth_n out_o of_o spain_n fruit_n wine_n oil_n salt_n and_o wool_n and_o out_o of_o italy_n silk_n both_o raw_a and_o wrought_v the_o weight_n be_v two_o viz._n the_o gross_a and_o suttle_n where_o upon_o trial_n it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o 100_o pound_n suttle_n of_o london_n have_v make_v incirca_n 70_o in_o 71_o of_o the_o gross_a of_o strasburg_n which_o gross_a weight_n be_v 16_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n and_o the_o suttle_n but_o 12_o ounce_n by_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o all_o indian_a commodity_n be_v
which_o be_v yearly_o jade_v for_o england_n and_o other_o country_n but_o especial_o oil_n their_o money_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n those_o currant_n in_o spain_n their_o weight_n 2_o viz._n the_o rotolo_n and_o cantar_n 100_o of_o the_o first_o make_v the_o last_o call_v barbaresco_n which_o there_o be_v 117_o pound_n make_v in_o london_n 110_o pound_n they_o have_v likewise_o another_o cantar_n of_o 104_o pound_n call_v the_o cantar_n of_o majorica_n they_o likewise_o sell_v some_o commodity_n by_o the_o cargo_n as_o pepper_n ginger_n cinnamond_n nutmeg_n rice_n and_o the_o which_o cargo_n be_v 3_o cargo_n of_o 104_o pound_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o cane_n find_v to_o make_v 67_o in_o 68_o london_n inches_n the_o the_o oil_n measure_n be_v the_o quartano_n 12_o of_o which_o make_v the_o odour_n and_o 212_o that_o of_o 126_o gallon_n which_o be_v a_o tun_n of_o oil_n according_a to_o london_n gage_n and_o the_o custom_n and_o other_o charge_n be_v reckon_v to_o 2_o pound_n 7_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n per_fw-la tun._n in_o this_o sea_n be_v the_o island_n of_o javisa_n afford_v store_n of_o salt_n as_o also_o the_o isle_n lipara_n promentary_a pantcleria_n caprea_n ischia_n progitue_n elba_n gauge_n or_o cales_n with_o some_o other_o of_o small_a note_n afford_v cattle_n corn_n olive_n oil_n wine_n gapars_n cavere_fw-la orange_n lemon_n citron_n fish_n and_o the_o like_a most_o of_o they_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o thus_o leave_v the_o medeterranian_a i_o shall_v enter_v the_o north_n ocean_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o island_n not_o as_o yet_o mention_v in_o this_o treatise_n chap._n xcvi_o a_o view_n of_o greenland_n and_o the_o whale_n fishery_n with_o a_o account_n of_o several_a island_n in_o the_o northern_a sea_n greenland_n or_o gronland_n be_v seat_v under_o the_o freeze_a zone_n doubtful_a whither_o a_o island_n or_o a_o continent_n by_o reason_n part_n of_o those_o sea_n be_v not_o navigable_a upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o ice_n that_o float_v therein_o and_o for_o that_o none_o ever_o yet_o pass_v over_o land_n to_o the_o extent_n of_o that_o dismal_a country_n where_o from_o the_o 14_o of_o october_n to_o the_o 12_o of_o february_n no_o sun_n appear_v but_o the_o moon_n shine_v as_o in_o england_n and_o for_o 3_o month_n and_o a_o half_a in_o summer_n time_n they_o have_v no_o night_n as_o for_o humane_a inhabitant_n there_o be_v none_o yet_o the_o wood_n and_o cave_n abound_v with_o bear_n fox_n and_o dear_a and_o the_o voyage_n the_o english_a make_v thither_o be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o whale_n fishery_n whale_n in_o abundance_n be_v find_v in_o those_o deep_a sea_n the_o ship_n set_v out_o in_o may_n and_o arrive_v in_o june_n at_o green-harbour_n and_o bell-sound_a they_o set_v up_o their_o caldron_n press_n and_o other_o necessary_n than_o put_v again_o to_o sea_n and_o when_o they_o perceive_v the_o whale_n come_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o water_n they_o send_v out_o skiff_n with_o hasping-iron_n and_o cable_n when_o the_o man_n therein_o take_v their_o advantage_n strike_v the_o whale_n who_o no_o soon_o find_v themselves_o wound_v but_o plunge_v to_o the_o bottom_n those_o in_o the_o boat_n give_v they_o rope_n and_o by_o their_o sink_v know_v where_o they_o will_v rise_v and_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o ship_n who_o stand_v off_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v overset_v when_o they_o rise_v with_o horrible_a bellow_v they_o make_v towards_o the_o shore_n spout_v blood_n and_o water_n the_o reason_n of_o their_o so_o do_v be_v to_o endeavour_v the_o rub_v out_o of_o the_o iron_n upon_o the_o sand_n but_o in_o vain_a for_o then_o by_o force_n of_o cable_n they_o draw_v they_o on_o shore_n and_o their_o cut_n out_o their_o pulp_n of_o which_o they_o make_v the_o oil_n and_o their_o fin_n of_o which_o our_o whalebone_n be_v make_v by_o dry_v and_o prepare_v so_o that_o sometime_o one_o whale_n be_v find_v to_o yield_v 3_o tun_n of_o oil_n and_o half_a a_o tun_n weight_n of_o whalebone_n here_o it_o be_v that_o several_a person_n be_v leave_v a_o whole_a winter_n the_o ship_n go_v away_o during_o their_o hunt_v up_o in_o the_o country_n and_o live_v in_o a_o hutt_n upon_o bears-flesh_n venison_n wild-fox_n bird_n and_o the_o green_n or_o press_n of_o the_o whale_n till_o next_o year_n the_o ship_n come_v again_o and_o fetch_v they_o off_o for_o 7_o month_n all_o the_o sea_n be_v freeze_v over_o and_o the_o country_n be_v cover_v with_o mountain_n of_o snow_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v nova_n zembla_n where_o the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v 76_o degree_n and_o whither_o the_o dutch_a yearly_a resort_n to_o fish_n for_o whale_n and_o such_o other_o fish_n as_o yield_v matter_n for_o oil_n it_o abound_v in_o dear_a wild-fox_n and_o the_o like_a as_o greenland_n and_o in_o it_o likewise_o not_o long_o since_o several_a dutchman_n be_v force_v to_o winter_n &_o suffer_v great_a extremity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o excessive_a cold_a there_o be_v find_v likewise_o sr._n willoughby_n island_n call_v queen_n elizabeth_n foreland_n likewise_o freezland_n iceland_n and_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o excessive_a cold_a few_o of_o they_o be_v inhabit_a and_o the_o chief_a commodity_n they_o yield_v be_v ling_n cod_n and_o fish_n oil_n and_o thus_o according_a to_o my_o promise_n have_v take_v survey_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o all_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o universe_n as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v gather_v from_o long_a experience_n and_o credible_a authority_n i_o shall_v return_v with_o joy_n to_o tread_v my_o native_a soil_n and_o there_o take_v a_o view_n of_o what_o yet_o remain_v in_o relation_n to_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o exchange_n that_o one_o necessary_a part_n of_o all_o navigational_a and_o inland_a commerce_n chap._n xcvii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o practice_n of_o exchange_n in_o general_n and_o the_o advantage_n accrue_v thereby_o that_o exchange_n be_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o merchandise_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o have_v be_v so_o find_v for_o 200_o year_n pâ—st_v though_o not_o bring_v to_o perfection_n till_o of_o late_a day_n the_o place_n most_o apt_a for_o exchange_n be_v those_o where_o many_o merchant_n of_o divers_a nation_n reside_v and_o have_v frequent_a meeting_n in_o relation_n to_o trade_n and_o prize_n of_o commodity_n who_o return_n be_v subject_a to_o great_a exchange_n which_o be_v ever_o advantageous_a to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v practise_v now_o some_o place_n there_o be_v that_o have_v exchange_n in_o themselves_o yet_o be_v compel_v to_o depend_v upon_o other_o place_n have_v only_o certain_a time_n or_o fair_n appoint_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o exchanger_n in_o which_o or_o to_o which_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v either_o expire_v renew_v or_o date_v one_o of_o which_o be_v placentia_n and_o indeed_o all_o town_n in_o country_n where_o there_o be_v more_o than_o one_o exchange_n establish_v the_o metropolis_n or_o principal_a exchange_n give_v rule_n and_o rate_n to_o the_o rest_n provide_v the_o coin_n be_v of_o equal_a value_n and_o goodness_n nor_o indeed_o though_o many_o place_n have_v attribute_v the_o name_n of_o exchange_n yet_o that_o exchange_n remain_v not_o so_o much_o in_o esse_fw-la as_o in_o the_o will_n of_o the_o merchant_n banker_n and_o exchanger_n in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v to_o assign_v the_o place_n as_o they_o think_v convenient_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n pitch_v upon_o principal_a place_n where_o their_o bill_n be_v sure_a to_o have_v a_o quick_a dispatch_n now_o there_o be_v several_a city_n that_o exchange_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o money_n coin_n and_o denomination_n as_o naples_n lechie_n barry_n the_o two_o latter_a include_v in_o the_o former_a palermo_n and_o messina_n comprehend_v in_o sicilia_n valentia_n saragosa_n and_o barselona_n in_o cattalonia_n sevil_n alcala_n and_o medina-del-campo_n in_o castilia_n frankford_n colona_n noremburg_n and_o augusta_n in_o germany_n with_o many_o other_o of_o less_o note_n but_o exchange_v now_o from_o a_o plain_a and_o easy_a method_n be_v reduce_v to_o so_o many_o mysterious_a point_n that_o it_o be_v extraordinary_a difficult_a to_o understand_v it_o aright_o in_o all_o place_n therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o lay_v down_o such_o particular_n as_o chief_o concern_v english_a merchant_n and_o be_v conduce_v to_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n the_o first_o thing_n then_o that_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v be_v the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o the_o city_n or_o port_n where_o you_o make_v your_o exchange_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o coin_n as_o it_o be_v currant_n but_o according_a to_o its_o weight_n and_o fineness_n
home_n and_o have_v also_o the_o command_n of_o ship_n have_v by_o consequence_n the_o fish_n trade_n whereof_o that_o of_o herring_n alone_o bring_v more_o yearly_a profit_n to_o the_o hollander_n than_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o west-indies_n to_o spain_n or_o of_o the_o east_n to_o themselves_o be_v as_o some_o say_v viis_fw-la and_o modis_fw-la of_o above_o 3_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la profit_n 8thly_a it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o those_o who_o have_v the_o trade_n of_o fish_v and_o ship_n will_v secure_v themselves_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o timber_n for_o ship_n boat_n mast_n and_o cask_n of_o hemp_n for_o cordage_n sail_n and_o net_n of_o salt_n of_o iron_n as_o also_o of_o pitch_n tar_n rosin_n brimstone_n oil_n and_o tallow_n as_o necessary_a appurtenance_n to_o ship_n and_o fish_n 9thly_a those_o who_o predominate_a in_o fish_v and_o ship_n have_v more_o occasion_n than_o other_o to_o frequent_v all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o to_o observe_v what_o be_v want_v or_o redundant_fw-la every_o where_o and_o what_o each_o people_n can_v do_v and_o what_o they_o desire_v and_o consequent_o to_o be_v the_o factor_n and_o carrier_n for_o the_o whole_a world_n of_o trade_n upon_o which_o ground_n they_o bring_v all_o native_a commodity_n to_o be_v manufacture_v at_o home_n and_o carry_v back_o to_o the_o country_n where_o they_o grow_v all_o which_o we_o see_v for_o do_v they_o not_o work_v the_o sugar_n of_o the_o west-indies_n the_o timber_n and_o iron_n of_o baltic_a the_o hemp_n of_o russia_n the_o lead_n tin_n and_o wool_n of_o england_n the_o quicksilver_n and_o silk_n of_o italy_n the_o yarn_n and_o die_a stuff_n of_o turkey_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v short_a in_o all_o the_o ancient_a state_n and_o empire_n those_o who_o have_v the_o ship_n have_v the_o wealth_n and_o if_o 2_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la in_o the_o price_n of_o commodity_n be_v perhaps_o 20_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la in_o the_o gain_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o who_o can_v in_o 45_o million_o under-sell_a other_o by_o one_o million_o upon_o account_n of_o mutual_a interest_n and_o instrinsick_a advantage_n only_o may_v easy_o have_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n without_o such_o angelical_a wit_n and_o judgement_n as_o some_o attribute_n to_o the_o hollander_n have_v thus_o do_v with_o their_o situation_n i_o come_v now_o to_o their_o trade_n it_o be_v common_o see_v that_o each_o country_n flourish_v in_o the_o manufacture_n of_o its_o own_o native_a commodity_n viz._n england_n for_o woollen-manufacture_n france_n for_o paper_n swihltand_v for_o iron-ware_n portugal_n for_o confecture_n italy_n for_o silk_n upon_o which_o principle_n it_o follow_v that_o holland_n and_o zealand_n must_v flourish_v most_o in_o the_o trade_n of_o ship_n and_o so_o become_v carrier_n and_o factor_n to_o the_o whole_a world_n of_o trade_n now_o the_o advantage_n of_o ship_n trade_n be_v as_o follow_v viz._n one_a husbandman_n seaman_n soldier_n and_o merchant_n be_v the_o very_a pillar_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n all_o the_o other_o great_a profession_n do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o infirmity_n and_o miscarriage_n of_o those_o now_o the_o seaman_n be_v 3_o of_o these_o 4_o for_o every_o seaman_n of_o industry_n and_o ingenuity_n be_v not_o only_o a_o navigator_n but_o a_o merchant_n &_o also_o a_o soldier_n not_o because_o he_o have_v often_o occasion_n to_o fight_v and_o handle_v arm_n but_o because_o he_o be_v mamilarize_v with_o hardship_n and_o hazard_n extend_v to_o life_n and_o limb_n for_o training_n and_o duel_v be_v a_o small_a part_n of_o a_o soldier_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o last_o mention_v qualification_n the_o one_o be_v quick_o and_o present_o learn_v the_o other_o not_o without_o many_o year_n most_o painful_a experience_n wherefore_o to_o have_v the_o occasion_n of_o abound_v in_o seaman_n be_v a_o vast_a conveniency_n 2_o the_o husbandman_n of_o england_n earn_v but_o about_o 4_o s._n per_fw-la week_n but_o the_o seaman_n have_v as_o good_a as_o 12_o s._n in_o wages_n victual_n drink_v and_o as_o it_o be_v house_n with_o other_o accommodation_n so_o a_o seaman_n be_v ineffect_n 3_o husbandman_n wherefore_o there_o be_v little_o plough_v or_o sow_v of_o corn_n in_o holland_n or_o zealand_n or_o breed_v of_o young_a cattle_n but_o their_o land_n be_v improve_v by_o build_v house_n ship_n engine_n dickes_n wharf_n garden_n of_o pleasure_n extraordinary_a flower_n and_o fruit_n dairy_n and_o feed_n of_o cattle_n for_o rape_n flax_n mad_a etc._n etc._n the_o foundation_n of_o several_a advantageous_a manufacture_n 3_o whereas_o the_o employment_n of_o other_o man_n be_v confine_v to_o their_o own_o country_n that_o of_o a_o seaman_n be_v free_a to_o the_o whole_a world_n so_o as_o where_o trade_n may_v as_o they_o call_v it_o be_v dead_a here_o or_o there_o now_o and_o then_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o somewhere_o or_o other_o in_o the_o world_n as_o trade_n be_v always_o quick_a enough_o etc._n etc._n and_o provision_n be_v always_o plentiful_a the_o benefit_n whereof_o they_o who_o command_v the_o ship_n enjoy_v and_o they_o only_o 4thly_a the_o great_a and_o ultimate_a effect_n of_o trade_n be_v not_o wealth_n at_o large_a but_o particular_o abundance_n of_o silver_n gold_n and_o jewel_n which_o be_v not_o perishable_a but_o be_v wealth_n at_o all_o time_n and_o all_o place_n whereas_o abundance_n of_o wine_n corn_n fowl_n flesh_n etc._n etc._n be_v riches_n but_o hic_fw-la et_fw-la nunc_fw-la so_o as_o the_o raise_n of_o such_o commodity_n and_o the_o follow_v of_o such_o trade_n be_v not_o profitable_a before_o other_o which_o do_v store_n the_o country_n with_o silver_n jewel_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o labour_n of_o seaman_n and_o freight_n of_o ship_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o exported_a commodity_n the_o overplus_n whereof_o above_o what_o be_v import_v bring_v home_n money_n etc._n etc._n 5thly_a those_o who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o sea-trade_n may_v work_v at_o easy_a freight_n with_o more_o profit_n than_o other_o at_o great_a for_o as_o cloth_n must_v be_v cheap_a make_v when_o one_o card_n another_o spin_v another_o weave_v another_o draw_v another_o dress_n another_o press_n and_o pack_n then_o when_o all_o the_o operation_n above_o mention_v be_v clunsy_o perform_v by_o the_o same_o hand_n so_o those_o who_o command_v the_o trade_n of_o ship_n can_v build_v long_o slight_a ship_n for_o carry_v mast_n fir_n timber_n board_n bolke_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o one_o be_v for_o lead_n iron_n stones_n etc._n etc._n one_o sort_n of_o vessel_n to_o trade_n at_o port_n where_o they_o need_v never_o lie_v aground_o other_o where_o they_o must_v jump_v upon_o the_o sand_n twice_o every_o 12_o hour_n one_o sort_n of_o vessel_n and_o way_n of_o manning_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o for_o cheap_a gross_a good_n another_o for_o war_n and_o precious_a commodity_n one_o sort_n of_o vessel_n for_o the_o turbulent_a sea_n another_o for_o inland_a water_n and_o river_n one_o sort_n of_o vessel_n and_o rig_n where_o haste_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o maidenhead_n of_o a_o market_n another_o where_o â…•_n or_o 4_o 1_o part_n of_o the_o time_n make_v no_o matter_n one_o sort_n of_o ma_v and_o rig_n for_o long_a voyage_n another_o for_o coast_v one_o sort_n of_o vessel_n for_o fish_v another_o for_o trade_n one_o sort_n for_o war_n for_o this_o or_o the_o contrary_a another_o for_o burden_v only_o some_o for_o oar_n some_o for_o pole_n some_o for_o sail_n and_o some_o for_o draught_n by_o man_n or_o horse_n some_o for_o the_o northern_a navigation_n among_o ice_n and_o some_o for_o the_o south_n against_o storm_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o several_a reason_n why_o the_o hollander_n can_v go_v at_o less_o freight_n than_o their_o neighbour_n viz._n because_o they_o can_v afford_v a_o particular_a sort_n of_o vessel_n for_o each_o particular_a trade_n i_o have_v show_v how_o the_o situation_n have_v give_v they_o ship_n and_o how_o ship_v in_o effect_n have_v give_v they_o all_o other_o trade_n and_o how_o foreign_a traffic_n must_v give_v they_o as_o much_o manufacture_n as_o they_o can_v manage_v themselves_o and_o as_o for_o the_o overplus_n make_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n but_o as_o workman_n to_o their_o ship_n it_o now_o remain_v to_o show_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o policy_n superstruct_v upon_o these_o natural_a advantage_n not_o as_o some_o think_v the_o excess_n of_o their_o understanding_n i_o have_v omit_v to_o mention_v that_o the_o hollander_n be_v 100_o year_n since_o a_o poor_a and_o oppress_a people_n live_v in_o a_o country_n natural_o cold_a moist_a and_o unpleasant_a and_o be_v withal_o persecute_v for_o their_o etrodoxy_n in_o religion_n from_o whence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o this_o people_n must_v labour_v hard_a and_o set_v all_o hand_n to_o
from_o foreign_a part_n where_o the_o state_n of_o husbandry_n be_v not_o change_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n that_o a_o small_a territory_n and_o even_o a_o few_o people_n may_v by_o situation_n trade_n and_o policy_n be_v make_v equivalent_a to_o a_o far_o great_a and_o that_o convenience_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n do_v most_o eminent_o and_o fundamental_o conduce_v thereunto_o chap._n ii_o that_o some_o kind_n of_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n may_v rather_o increase_v then_o diminish_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o the_o money_n or_o other_o effect_n levy_v from_o the_o people_n by_o way_n of_o tax_n be_v destroy_v and_o annihilate_v then_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o such_o levy_n will_v diminish_v the_o commonwealth_n or_o if_o the_o same_o be_v export_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o any_o return_n at_o all_o than_o the_o case_n will_v be_v also_o the_o same_o but_o if_o what_o be_v levy_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v only_o transfer_v from_o one_o hand_n to_o another_o than_o we_o be_v only_o to_o consider_v whether_o the_o say_a money_n or_o commodity_n be_v take_v from_o a_o improve_n hand_n and_o give_v to_o a_o ill_a husband_n or_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la as_o for_o example_n suppose_v money_n by_o way_n of_o tax_n be_v take_v from_o one_o who_o spend_v in_o superfluous_a eat_v and_o drink_v and_o deliver_v to_o another_o who_o employ_v the_o same_o in_o improve_n of_o land_n in_o fish_v in_o work_v of_o mine_n and_o manufacture_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o such_o tax_n be_v a_o advantage_n to_o the_o state_n whereof_o the_o say_v different_a person_n be_v member_n nay_o if_o money_n be_v take_v from_o he_o who_o spend_v the_o same_o as_o aforesaid_a upon_o eat_v and_o drink_v or_o any_o other_o perish_v commodity_n and_o transfer_v to_o one_o who_o bestow_v it_o on_o clothes_n i_o say_v that_o even_o in_o this_o case_n the_o commonwealth_n have_v some_o little_a advantage_n because_o clothes_n do_v not_o perish_v altogether_o so_o soon_o as_o drink_n but_o if_o spend_v in_o furniture_n of_o house_n the_o advantage_n be_v yet_o little_o more_o if_o in_o building_n of_o house_n yet_o more_o if_o in_o improve_n of_o land_n work_v of_o mine_n and_o fish_n yet_o more_o but_o most_o of_o all_o in_o bring_v gold_n and_o silver_n into_o the_o country_n because_o those_o thing_n be_v not_o only_o perishable_a but_o be_v esteemable_a for_o wealth_n at_o all_o time_n and_o every_o where_o whereas_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v perishable_a or_o who_o value_n depend_v upon_o the_o fashion_n or_o which_o be_v contingent_o scarce_o and_o plentiful_a be_v wealth_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la as_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o say_v in_o the_o next_o place_n if_o the_o people_n of_o any_o country_n who_o have_v not_o already_o a_o full_a employment_n shall_v be_v enjoin_v or_o tax_v to_o work_v upon_o such_o commodity_n as_o be_v import_v from_o abroad_o i_o say_v such_o a_o tax_n do_v also_o improve_v the_o commonwealth_n moreover_o if_o person_n who_o live_v by_o beg_v cheat_a steal_v game_n borrow_v without_o intention_n of_o restore_a who_o by_o these_o way_n do_v get_v from_o the_o credulous_a and_o careless_a more_o than_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o subsistance_n of_o such_o person_n i_o say_v that_o though_o the_o state_n shall_v have_v no_o present_a employment_n for_o such_o person_n and_o consequent_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o clear_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o their_o livelihood_n yet_o it_o be_v more_o for_o the_o public_a profit_n to_o give_v all_o such_o person_n a_o regular_a and_o competent_a allowance_n by_o a_o public_a tax_n then_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o spend_v extravagant_o at_o the_o only_a charge_n of_o careless_a and_o credulous_a and_o good_a nature_a people_n and_o to_o expose_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o many_o other_o man_n who_o life_n be_v take_v away_o for_o the_o crime_n which_o ill_a discipline_n do_v occasion_n on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o stock_n of_o laborious_a and_o ingenious_a man_n who_o be_v not_o only_o beautify_v the_o country_n where_o they_o live_v by_o elegant_a diet_n apparel_n furniture_n house_n pleasant_a garden_n and_o orchard_n and_o public_a edifice_n etc._n etc._n but_o also_o be_v increase_v the_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o jewel_n thereof_o by_o trade_n and_o arm_n i_o say_v if_o the_o stock_n of_o these_o man_n shall_v be_v diminish_v by_o a_o tax_n and_o transfer_v to_o such_o as_o do_v nothing_o at_o all_o but_o to_o eat_v drink_v sing_v play_n dance_z nay_o to_o such_o as_o study_v the_o metaphysic_n or_o other_o needless_a speculation_n or_o else_o employ_v themselves_o in_o any_o other_o way_n which_o produce_v no_o material_a thing_n or_o thing_n of_o real_a use_n and_o value_n in_o the_o common_a wealth_n in_o this_o case_n the_o wealth_n of_o the_o public_a will_v be_v diminish_v otherwise_o then_o as_o such_o exercise_n be_v recreation_n and_o refreshment_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o which_o be_v moderate_o use_v do_v qualify_v and_o dispose_v man_n to_o what_o in_o itself_o be_v more_o considerable_a wherefore_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n to_o know_v whether_o a_o tax_n will_v do_v good_a or_o harm_n the_o state_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o their_o employment_n must_v be_v well_o know_v that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v unfit_a for_o labour_n by_o their_o impotency_n and_o infancy_n and_o also_o what_o part_n be_v exempt_a from_o the_o same_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o wealth_n function_n or_o dignity_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o charge_n and_o employment_n otherwise_o govern_v direct_v and_o prefer_v those_o who_o be_v appoint_v to_o labour_n and_o arts._n in_o the_o next_o place_n computation_n must_v be_v make_v what_o part_n of_o those_o who_o be_v fit_a for_o labour_n and_o art_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v able_a to_o perform_v the_o work_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o its_o present_a state_n and_o measure_n 3._o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o the_o remainder_n can_v make_v all_o or_o any_o part_n of_o these_o commodity_n which_o be_v import_v from_o abroad_o which_o of_o they_o and_o how_o much_o in_o particular_a the_o remainder_n of_o such_o sort_n of_o people_n if_o any_o be_v may_v safe_o and_o without_o possible_a prejudice_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v employ_v in_o art_n and_o exercise_n of_o pleasure_n and_o ornament_n the_o great_a whereof_o be_v the_o improvement_n of_o natural_a knowledge_n have_v in_o general_a illustrate_v this_o point_n which_o i_o think_v needs_o no_o other_o proof_n but_o illustration_n i_o come_v next_o to_o intimate_v that_o no_o part_n of_o europe_n have_v pay_v so_o much_o by_o way_n of_o tax_n as_o holland_n and_o zealand_n for_o these_o last_o forty_o year_n and_o yet_o no_o country_n have_v in_o the_o same_o time_n increase_v comparable_o to_o they_o and_o it_o be_v manifest_a they_o have_v follow_v the_o general_a rate_n abovementioned_a for_o they_o tax_v meat_n and_o drink_n most_o heavy_o of_o all_o to_o restrain_v the_o excessive_a expense_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o twenty_o four_o hour_n do_v as_o to_o the_o use_n of_o man_n whole_o annihilate_v and_o they_o be_v more_o favourable_a to_o commodity_n to_o the_o great_a duration_n nor_o do_v they_o tax_v according_a to_o what_o man_n gain_v but_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n but_o always_o according_a to_o what_o man_n spend_v and_o most_o of_o all_o to_o what_o they_o spend_v needless_o and_o without_o prospect_n of_o return_n upon_o which_o ground_n their_o custom_n upon_o good_n import_v and_o export_v be_v general_o low_a as_o if_o they_o intend_v by_o they_o only_o to_o keep_v a_o account_n of_o what_o foreign_a trade_n and_o to_o retaliate_v upon_o their_o neighbour_n state_n the_o prejudices_fw-la do_v they_o by_o their_o prohibition_n and_o imposition_n it_o be_v far_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o since_o thâ—_n year_n 1636_o the_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n make_v in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n have_v be_v prodigious_o great_a than_o at_o any_o time_n heretofore_o and_o yet_o the_o say_a kingdom_n have_v increase_v in_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n for_o these_o last_o forty_o year_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v show_v it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o french_a king_n do_v at_o present_a levy_v the_o five_o part_n of_o his_o people_n wealth_n and_o yet_o great_a obstruction_n be_v make_v of_o the_o present_a riches_n and_o strength_n of_o that_o kingdom_n although_o great_a care_n must_v be_v have_v in_o distinguish_v between_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o of_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n who_o take_v from_o the_o people_n where_o when_o and_o in_o what_o proportion_n he_o please_v the_o subject_n of_o two_o monarch_n may_v be_v equal_o rich_a and_o yet_o one_o
price_n of_o victual_n than_o it_o plain_o follow_v that_o till_o then_o three_o acre_n improve_v as_o it_o may_v be_v will_v serve_v the_o turn_n and_o consequent_o that_o four_o will_v suffice_v abundant_o i_o can_v here_o set_v down_o the_o very_a number_n of_o acre_n that_o will_v bear_v bread_n and_o drink_n corn_n together_o with_o flesh_n butter_n and_o cheese_n sufficient_a to_o victual_v nine_o million_o of_o person_n as_o they_o be_v victual_v in_o ship_n and_o regular_a family_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o say_v in_o general_a that_o 12,000,00_o will_v do_v it_o with_o suppose_v that_o root_n fruit_n fish_n and_o fowl_n and_o the_o ordinary_a profit_n of_o lead_n tin_n iron-mine_n and_o wood_n will_v piece_v up_o any_o defect_n that_o may_v be_v find_v as_o to_o the_o second_o i_o say_v that_o the_o land_n and_o house_n of_o ireland_n and_o highland_n of_o scotland_n at_o the_o present_a merchant-rate_n be_v not_o worth_a ten_o million_o of_o money_n nor_o will_v the_o actual_a charge_n of_o make_v the_o transplantation_n amount_v to_o two_o million_o more_o so_o than_o the_o question_n will_v be_v whether_o the_o benefit_n expect_v from_o this_o transplantation_n will_v exceed_v two_o million_o to_o which_o i_o say_v that_o the_o advantage_n will_v probable_o be_v six_o time_n the_o last_o mention_v sum_n or_o about_o seventy_o two_o million_o for_o if_o the_o rent_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n and_o the_o low_a land_n of_o scotland_n be_v above_o nine_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o if_o this_o five_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v superad_v unto_o the_o present_a inhabitant_n of_o these_o country_n then_o the_o rent_n will_v amount_v to_o 10,800,000_o and_o the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_n will_v rise_v from_o seventeen_o ½_o to_o ⅕_n more_o which_o be_v twenty_o one_o so_o that_o the_o land_n which_o be_v worth_a but_o nine_o million_o at_o seventeen_o ½_o year_n purchase_v make_v a_o hundred_o fifty_o seven_o million_o and_o a_o half_a will_v then_o be_v worth_a 10,800,000_o at_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v viz._n 226,800,000_o that_o be_v 69,300,000_o more_o than_o be_v before_o and_o if_o any_o prince_n willing_a to_o enlarge_v his_o territory_n will_v give_v three_o million_o for_o the_o say_v relinquish_v land_n and_o house_n which_o be_v estimate_v to_o be_v worth_a ten_o million_o than_o the_o whole_a profit_n will_v be_v above_o 72,000,000_o or_o six_o time_n the_o value_n as_o the_o same_o be_v above_o compute_v but_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v object_v that_o will_v be_v dangerous_a unto_o england_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o land_n of_o any_o other_o nation_n i_o answer_v in_o short_a that_o that_o nation_n who_o ever_o shall_v purchase_v it_o be_v divide_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o say_a purchase_n shall_v not_o be_v more_o able_a to_o enjoy_v england_n then_o now_o in_o its_o unite_a condition_n now_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v desire_v a_o more_o clear_a explanation_n how_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n shall_v rise_v by_o this_o close_a cohabitation_n of_o people_n above_o describe_v i_o answer_v that_o the_o advantage_n will_v arise_v in_o transplant_n about_o eighteen_o thousand_o people_n from_o the_o poor_a and_o miserable_a trade_n of_o husbandry_n to_o more_o beneficial_a handicraft_n for_o which_o the_o superaddition_n be_v to_o be_v make_v a_o very_a little_a addition_n of_o husbandry_n to_o the_o same_o land_n will_v produce_v a_o five_o part_v more_o food_n consequent_o the_o additional_a hand_n earn_v but_o forty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_fw-it as_o they_o may_v very_o well_o to_o eight_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la at_o some_o other_o trade_n the_o superlucration_n will_v be_v above_o 3,600,000_o pound_n which_o at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n be_v seventy_o two_o million_o moreover_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o city_n and_o town_n spend_v more_o commodity_n and_o make_v great_a consumption_n than_o those_o who_o live_v in_o wild_a thin_a people_v country_n so_o when_o england_n shall_v be_v thick_a people_v in_o manner_n before_o describe_v the_o very_a same_o people_n shall_v then_o spend_v more_o than_o when_o they_o live_v more_o sordid_o inurbant_o and_o further_a asunder_o and_o more_o out_o of_o the_o sight_n observation_n and_o emulation_n of_o each_o other_o every_o man_n desire_v to_o put_v on_o better_a apparel_n when_o he_o appear_v in_o company_n then_o when_o he_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o be_v see_v i_o further_o add_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n civil_a military_a and_o ecclesiastical_a will_v be_v more_o cheap_a safe_a and_o effectual_a in_o this_o condition_n of_o close_a habitation_n then_o otherwise_o as_o not_o only_a reason_n but_o the_o example_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n do_v demonstrate_v but_o let_v this_o whole_a digression_n pass_v from_o a_o mere_a dream_n i_o suppose_v will_v serve_v to_o prove_v that_o in_o case_n the_o king_n of_o england_n territory_n shall_v be_v a_o little_a less_o than_o those_o of_o the_o french_a king_n that_o forasmuch_o as_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v over_o people_v that_o the_o difference_n be_v not_o material_a to_o the_o question_n in_o hand_n wherefore_o suppose_v the_o french_a king_n advantage_n to_o be_v little_a or_o nothing_o in_o point_n of_o territory_n we_o come_v next_o to_o examine_v and_o compare_v the_o number_n of_o subject_n which_o each_o of_o those_o monarch_n do_v govern_v the_o book_n call_v the_o state_n of_o france_n make_v the_o kingdom_n consist_v of_o twenty_o seven_o parish_n and_o another_o book_n write_v by_o a_o substantial_a author_n who_o profound_o inquire_v into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n and_o churchman_n of_o france_n set_v down_o as_o a_o extraordinary_a case_n that_o a_o parish_n in_o france_n shall_v have_v six_o hundred_o soul_n where_o i_o suppose_v the_o say_a author_n who_o have_v so_o well_o examine_v the_o matter_n be_v not_o of_o opinion_n that_o every_o parish_n one_o with_o another_o have_v above_o five_o hundred_o by_o which_o reckon_v the_o whole_a people_n of_o france_n be_v about_o thirteen_o million_o 500,000_o now_o the_o people_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n with_o the_o island_n adjoin_v by_o computation_n from_o the_o number_n of_o parish_n which_o common_o have_v more_o people_n in_o protestant_a church_n then_o in_o popish_a country_n as_o also_o from_o the_o hearth-money_n post-money_n and_o excise_n do_v amount_v to_o above_o nine_o million_o there_o be_v in_o new_a england_n about_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n muster_v in_o arm_n about_o eighty_o thousand_o able_a to_o bear_v arm_n and_o consequent_o about_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o in_o all_o but_o this_o last_o i_o leave_v to_o every_o man_n conjecture_n and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o plantation_n there_o shall_v not_o be_v five_o hundred_o thousand_o more_o and_o consequent_o i_o suppose_v the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v above_o ten_o million_o of_o subjest_n ubivis_fw-la terrarum_fw-la orbis_fw-la although_o it_o be_v very_o material_a to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o subject_n belong_v to_o each_o prince_n yet_o when_o the_o question_n be_v concern_v their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n it_o be_v also_o material_a to_o examine_v how_o many_o of_o they_o do_v get_v more_o than_o they_o spend_v and_o how_o many_o less_o in_o order_n whereunto_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n dominion_n there_o be_v twenty_o thousand_o churchman_n but_o in_o france_n as_o the_o aforementioned_a author_n of_o they_o do_v aver_v who_o set_v down_o the_o particular_a number_n of_o each_o religious_a order_n there_o be_v about_o 270000._o viz._n 250000._o more_o than_o we_o think_v be_v necessary_a that_o be_v to_o say_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o with-drawn_a out_o of_o the_o world_n now_o the_o say_a number_n of_o adult_n and_o able-bodyed_n person_n be_v equivalent_a to_o about_o double_a the_o same_o number_n of_o the_o promiscuous_a mass_n of_o mankind_n and_o the_o same_o author_n affirm_v that_o the_o say_v religious_a person_n do_v spend_v one_o with_o another_o above_o eighteen_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la which_o be_v triple_a to_o what_o a_o labour_a man_n require_v wherefore_o the_o say_v two_o hundred_o &_o fifty_o thousand_o churchman_n live_v as_o they_o do_v make_v the_o french_a king_n 13,500_o thousand_o to_o be_v real_o no_o better_o than_o twelve_o million_o or_o thereabouts_o in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o france_n remote_a from_o the_o sea_n can_v be_v probable_o superlucrator_n now_o if_o there_o be_v two_o million_o in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n dominion_n more_o than_o in_o the_o french_a king_n who_o earn_v more_o than_o they_o spend_v or_o if_o ten_o man_n in_o england_n earn_v more_o than_o twelve_o in_o france_n than_o the_o
commodity_n do_v not_o then_o yield_v a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o present_a value_n which_o show_v that_o not_o only_a ship_n but_o trade_n itself_o have_v increase_v somewhat_o near_o that_o proportion_n as_o to_o money_n the_o interest_n thereof_o be_v within_o these_o fifty_o year_n at_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_n forty_o year_n ago_o at_o eight_o pound_n and_o now_o at_o six_o pound_n no_o thanks_o to_o any_o law_n which_o have_v be_v make_v to_o that_o purpose_n for_o as_o much_o as_o those_o who_o can_v give_v good_a security_n may_v now_o have_v it_o less_o but_o the_o natural_a fall_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o money_n moreover_o if_o rent_a land_n and_o house_n have_v increase_v and_o if_o trade_n have_v increase_v also_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o money_n which_o pay_v those_o rent_n and_o drive_v on_o trade_n must_v have_v increase_v also_o last_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o all_o observer_n whether_o the_o number_n and_o splendour_n of_o coach_n equipage_n and_o household_n furniture_n have_v not_o increase_v since_o that_o time_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o postage_n of_o letter_n which_o have_v increase_v from_o one_o to_o twenty_o which_o argue_v the_o increase_n of_o business_n and_o negotiation_n i_o must_v add_v that_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n be_v near_o triple_a and_o therefore_o the_o mean_n to_o pay_v and_o bear_v the_o same_o have_v increase_v also_o chap._n vii_o that_o one_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a expense_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v one_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n forty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o forty_o thousand_o man_n at_o sea_n and_o defray_v all_o other_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n both_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a if_o the_o same_o be_v regular_o tax_v and_o raise_v to_o clear_v this_o point_n we_o be_v to_o find_v out_o what_o be_v the_o middle_a expense_n of_o each_o head_n in_o the_o king_n dominion_n between_o the_o high_a and_o the_o low_a to_o which_o i_o say_v it_o be_v not_o probable_o less_o than_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o labourer_n who_o yearn_v about_o eight_o penny_n a_o day_n for_o the_o wage_n of_o such_o man_n be_v four_o shilling_n a_o week_n without_o victual_n or_o two_o shilling_n with_o it_o wherefore_o the_o value_n of_o his_o victual_n be_v two_o shilling_n per_fw-la week_n or_o five_o pound_n four_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la now_o the_o value_n of_o clothes_n can_v be_v less_o than_o wage_n give_v to_o the_o poor_a maid-servant_n in_o the_o country_n which_o be_v thirty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la nor_o can_v the_o charge_n of_o all_o other_o necessary_n be_v less_o than_o six_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_fw-it wherefore_o the_o whole_a charge_n be_v seven_o pound_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o this_o discourse_n will_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o that_o life_n at_o seven_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o therefore_o such_o will_v wonder_v at_o this_o supposition_n but_o if_o they_o consider_v how_o much_o the_o number_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o their_o child_n be_v great_a then_o that_o of_o the_o rich_a although_o the_o personal_a expense_n of_o some_o rich_a man_n shall_v be_v above_o twenty_o time_n more_o than_o that_o of_o a_o labourer_n yet_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o labourer_n above_o mention_v may_v well_o enough_o stand_v for_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o mankind_n now_o if_o the_o expense_n of_o each_o man_n one_o with_o another_o be_v seven_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o if_o the_o number_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n be_v ten_o thousand_o then_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a expense_n will_v be_v seven_o thousand_o but_o about_o five_o thousand_o or_o a_o very_a little_a more_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o year_n pay_v for_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n forty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o forty_o thousand_o man_n at_o sea_n winter_n and_o summer_n which_o can_v rare_o be_v necessary_a and_o other_o ordinary_a charge_n of_o the_o government_n in_o the_o time_n of_o deep_a and_o secute_v peace_n be_v not_o 600000_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la where_o a_o people_n thrive_v there_o the_o income_n be_v great_a than_o the_o expense_n and_o consequent_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o expense_n be_v not_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o income_n now_o for_o man_n to_o pay_v a_o ten_o part_n of_o their_o expense_n in_o a_o time_n of_o great_a exigency_n for_o such_o it_o must_v be_v when_o so_o great_a force_n be_v requisite_a can_v be_v no_o hardship_n much_o less_o a_o deplorable_a conditon_n for_o to_o bear_v the_o ten_o part_n a_o man_n must_v needs_o spend_v a_o twenty_v part_n less_o and_o labour_v a_o twenty_o part_v more_o for_o half_a a_o hour_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la extraordinary_a both_o which_o in_o common_a experience_n be_v very_o tolerable_a here_o be_v very_o few_o in_o england_n who_o do_v not_o eat_v by_o a_o twenty_o part_v more_o than_o do_v they_o good_a and_o what_o misery_n be_v it_o instead_o of_o wear_v clothes_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n per_fw-la yard_n to_o be_v content_v with_o that_o of_o nineteen_o shilling_n few_o man_n have_v skill_n enough_o to_o discern_v the_o difference_n memorandum_n that_o all_o this_o while_n i_o suppose_v all_o of_o these_o ten_o thousand_o of_o people_n be_v obedient_a to_o their_o sovereign_n and_o within_o the_o reach_n of_o his_o power_n for_o as_o thing_n be_v otherwise_o so_o the_o calculation_n must_v be_v vary_v chap._n viii_o that_o there_o be_v spare_a hand_n enough_o among_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n to_o earn_v two_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o employment_n ready_a proper_a and_o sufficient_a for_o the_o purpose_n to_o prove_v this_o point_n we_o must_v inquire_v how_o much_o all_o the_o people_n can_v earn_v if_o they_o be_v dispose_v or_o necessitate_v to_o labour_n and_o have_v work_v whereupon_o to_o employ_v themselves_o and_o compare_v the_o sum_n with_o that_o of_o the_o total_a expense_n abovemention_v deduct_v the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o land_n and_o stock_n which_o proper_o speak_v save_v so_o much_o labour_n now_o the_o proceed_v of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o stock_n in_o these_o country_n be_v about_o three_o part_n of_o seven_o of_o the_o whole_a expense_n so_o as_o where_o the_o expense_n be_v seventy_o thousand_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n and_o profit_n of_o all_o personal_a estate_n interest_n of_o money_n etc._n etc._n must_v be_v about_o thirty_o thousand_o and_o consequent_o the_o value_n of_o the_o labour_n forty_o thousand_o that_o be_v four_o pound_n per_fw-la head_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o mass_n of_o mankind_n be_v child_n males_n and_o female_n under_o seven_o year_n old_a from_o who_o little_a labour_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v note_v that_o about_o another_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n be_v such_o as_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a estate_n tithe_n dignity_n office_n and_o profession_n be_v exempt_a from_o that_o kind_n of_o labour_n we_o now_o speak_v of_o their_o business_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v to_o govern_v regulate_v and_o direct_v the_o labour_n and_o action_n of_o other_o so_o that_o of_o ten_o million_o there_o be_v about_o six_o thousand_o &_o a_o half_a or_o two_o three_o which_o if_o need_n require_v may_v actual_o labour_v and_o of_o these_o some_o may_v earn_v three_o shilling_n a_o week_n some_o five_o shilling_n and_o some_o seven_o shilling_n that_o be_v all_o of_o they_o may_v earn_v five_o shilling_n a_o weak_a at_o a_o medium_n one_o with_o another_o or_o at_o least_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la allow_v for_o sickness_n and_o other_o accident_n whereby_o the_o whole_a may_v earn_v fifty_o six_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la that_o be_v twenty_o five_o more_o than_o the_o expense_n the_o author_n of_o the_o state_n of_o england_n say_v that_o the_o child_n of_o norwich_n between_o six_o and_o sixteen_o year_n old_a do_v earn_v twelve_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o spend_v now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o people_n of_o norwich_n be_v a_o three_o hundred_o part_n of_o all_o the_o people_n in_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o account_n of_o hearth-money_n and_o about_o the_o five_o hundred_o part_n of_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n throughout_o the_o world_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o his_o majesty_n subject_n between_o six_o and_o sixteen_o year_n old_a may_v earn_v five_o thousand_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o spend_v again_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o number_n of_o people_n above_o sixteen_o year_n old_a be_v double_a the_o number_n of_o those_o between_o six_o and_o