Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	castle_n	city_n	country_n	14,211	5	9.6922	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19936	A true relation of the travailes and most miserable captiuitie of William Dauies, barber-surgion of London, vnder the Duke of Florence VVherein is truly set downe the manner of his taking, the long time of his slauierie, and meanes of his deliuerie, after eight yeeres, and ten moneths captiuitie in the gallies. Discouering many manye landes, ilandes, riuers, cities, and townes, of the Christians and infidels, the condition of the people, and the manner of their countrey: with many more strange things, as in the booke is briefely and plainely expressed. By William Dauies, barber-surgion of London, and borne in the citie of Hereford.	Davies, William, barber-surgion of London.	1614 (1614)	STC 6365; ESTC S109386	26,244	42

TRVE RELATION OF THE TRAVAILES and most miserable Captiuitie of William Dauies Barber-Surgion of London vnder the Duke of FLORENCH VVherein is truly set downe the manner of his taking the long time of his slauerie and meanes of his deliuerie after eight yeeres and ten moneths Captiuitie in the Gallies Discouering many mayne Landes Ilandes Riuers Cities and townes of the Christians and Infidels the condition of the people and the manner of their Countrey with many more strange things as in the Booke is briefely and plainely expressed By William Dauies Barber-Surgion of London and borne in the Citie of Hereford LONDON Printed for Nicholas Bourne and are to be sold at the South-entrance of the Royall Exchange 1614. A Table of all those places that he hath beene at and in since his departure Alphabetically composed viz. A ALexandria A Citie in Turkie Argier A Citie in Barbary Alegant A Citie in Spayn● A●●a●●● A Riuer in the West Indies Ar●no●h● A Riuer in the West Indies B BRaats In the Mayne a mayne land of the Turkes Bizert A towne in Barbary Bona A towne in Barbary Baye A towne in Brazile Budgie A towne in Barbary C CIci●●ia A famous Iland of the Spaniards Can●se A famous Iland of the Venetians Cipris A famous Iland of the Turkes Cirrigo An Iland of the Venetians Christiana An Iland of the Greekes Corrune A towne of the Turkes Corphou A Citie of the Venetians Corsigo An Iland of the Genowes Callary A Citie vpon Sardina Carthageine A towne in Spayne Cales A Citie of the Spaniards Corues An Iland of the Spaniards D DEnei A towne in Castillia F FLorence A famous Citie of the great Dukes Famagosta A Citie vpon Cyprus Fernandobuck A towne in Brazyle Fi●lk An Iland of the Spaniards Floures An Iland of the Spaniards G GOodz● An Iland inhabited by Greekes Genowey A famous Citie in Italy Grand Maligo A Citie in Spayne G●●ne A Riuer in the West Indies Gratiose An Iland of the Spaniards I IO●a An Iland of the Turkes Iuersey An Iland of the Spaniards Iublatore A towne of the Spaniards L LIlbo An Iland gouerned by Spaniards and Italians Lisbor●e A famous Citie in Portugall Luca A Citie in Tuskanie Ligorne A famous Citie of the Duke of Florence M MAlta A famous Iland M●ntua A famous Citie in Italy M●aona A towne in Turkie Maluedra A towne in Castile Mayorke An Iland of the Spaniards M●●●ork An Iland of the Spaniards Massegant A Towne in Barbary Muggadore An Iland in Barbary Muria An Iland in the West Indies N NAples A famous Citie in Calabria Naueyrne A towne of the Turkes P PAlerma A famous Citie in Sicillia Petras A Citie in Turkie Portercula A strong towne of the Spaniards Pume-bien A towne of the Spaniards Peza A Citie in Tuskany Porta Richo An Iland in the West Indies Portaferare A strange towne of the Duke of Florence Porta longe A towne of the Spaniards R ROme The chiefe Citie of the Pope Regi A towne in Calabria S STrumbula A burning Iland Sapientia An Iland of the Turkes Salerna A towne in Calabria Syppa de Vecchia An ancient Citie Sardina A famous Iland of the Spaniards St. Maries An Iland of the Spaniards St. Lucas A Citie of the Spaniards Sapphi● A towne in Barbary Sancta Cruce A towne in Barbary Santa Lucia An Iland of the Spaniards Santa Martyne An Iland of the Spaniards St. Michaels An Iland of the Spaniards Scanderune In the bottome of the straits gouerned by Turkes St. Georgis An Iland of the Spaniards Scena A Citie in Tuskany T THe Rhodes held by the Turkes The Strauales And Iland inhabited by Greekes Tarrant A Towne in Calabria The Geta A towne of the Popes Tunis A great Citie in Barbary Tit●an A towne in Barbarie Tangere A Towne in Barbary The Riuer of Amazons in the West Indies Trnidado An Iland of the West Indies Teneriefe An Iland of the Spaniards The Grand Canaries inhabited by Spaniards V VAlentia A famous Citie in Castile Uize Maligo A towne in Spayne Ualdeny A towne in Brachademayne W VVIapocho A Riuer in the West Indies Z ZAnt An Iland of the Venetians Zumbula An Iland of the Turkes HEere in this Table haue I not spoken of France nor of any part of the Low-Countries neither of Ireland in all which places I haue beene nor yet of England the Garden of the world because I count it a folly to tell the Master of the house the condition of the Seruants for euery man by naturall reason can discouer his owne home Now haue I thought it fit out of the former Table to select twelue principall places in discouery whereof I shall not omit as occasion is offered to speake of the rest and how I came to euery place with the names of Ships and Gallies with the owners and Masters and how many leagues each of these twelue places are from England FOr proofe of what I haue herein written concerning my slauery and thraldome I haue procured though not without some cost and more trauell sixe of the chiefest masters of ships of London who see me and relieued me often during my thraldome to subscribe their hands hereunto as also the hands of diuers Masters and Surgions of other places in England whose names follow viz. Robert Thorneton Master of the good ship called the Royall Marchant of London Thomas Gardiner Master of the good ship called the Triumph of London Robert Bradshaw Master of the good ship called the William and Thomas of London Thomas Rickman Master of the good ship called the Mary Anne of London Iames Dauies Master of the good ship called the Isaak of London George Millard Master of the good ship called the May-flowre of London Denis Dauies Barber Surgion of London Thomas Rousley Barber Surgion of London Charles Hearne Barber Surgion of Bristow Richard W●ight Barber Surgion of Plymouth Walter Mathew Owner of the good ship called the Mathewes farme of Plymouth Richard Rowe Owner of the good ship called the Portion of Milbrook in the countie of Cornwell Many others moe as well Noble men Knights Gentlemen as owners Masters and Surgions did see and can witnesse my slauery whose hands lik●wise I might easily haue procured but that con●●●ering the businesse to be of no great importance I held it needlesse to trouble either them or my selfe any further and these present witnesses are sufficient The twelue principall places are thus distinguished VIZ. Three Cities and three Ilands of the Christians and three Cities and three Ilands of the Infidels The Christians be the Pope the Spaniards and the Italian The infidels be the Turke the Moore and the Indian The Names of the twelue places 1 CIuita de Vecchia A Citie of the Popes 2 Argeir A Citie of the Turkes 3 Tunys A great Citie of the Moores 4 Ligorne A Citie of the Italians 5 Naples A famous Citie of the Spaniards 6 The Riuer of the Amazons in the West Indies 7 Malta an Iland of the Popes very

in the fields like to a Dog and a Lutheran as thou art thy selfe therefore I charge thée in the Dukes name to goe along with mée which command I durst not denie but went with him where he brought me before thrée or foure aged Friers of the Inquisition they asked of me whether I were that Lutheran that buried a good Christian in the fields for he was a Romane Catholike and confest and receiued the Sacrament like to a good Christian and therefore thou shalt be burned for thou hast done contrary to the Law of Rome I answered that I had buried a good Christian but not a Romane Catholike neither was he confest nor receiued the Sacrament they replied if this be not true which thou hast said thou shalt surely die for it Therefore take him and put him into the secret whither vnto I was brought which is a prison in this manner Many double doores being opened I passed through two or thrée outward prisons then comming to the doore of the secret whereinto I was thrust it was so darke that I could sée no part of my body then féeling round about me with my hands I found it to be very short in length lesse in breadth but of height I know not how high because I could neither sée nor féele the top In this place I was almost ouer shoes in the filth of other men that had died there before who neuer liued aboue eight or ten daies there at the most Then wrapping one arme within another and leaning against the wall calling to minde Iobs miseries and Daniels afflictions amidst the Lions and incouraging my selfe in Gods mercy sung a Psalme very chéerefully to the praise and glory of God wherein I was greatly comforted Then did I draw off my shoes and stockings with my bare féete swept all the trash and filth into one corner In this manner I liued fortie houres before any sléepe possest me and then being desirous of sléepe I sate downe and leaned my head against the wall and slept very soundly being altogether comforted with a liuely hope in the Almighty God that he would deliuer me according to my trust as he had done before And when most extreames would oppresse me then would I be most ioyfull finding alwaies an inward motion saying be of good comfort the Lord will deliuer thée In this manner I liued sixtéene daies my food being bread water and my lodging vpon the cold stones and being yet aliue they held it a miracle that I should liue there so long saying this Lutherane hath a Lions heart for we neuer knew any to liue aboue ten daies wherfore let vs haue him forth to be examined Then was I brought before the high Inquisitioner who demanded of me whether he that I buried had receiued the Sacrament confest according to the Romane order or no I answered no he was a good Christian but receiued not the Sacrament nor was not confest after the order of Rome then he said that he was by a Frier of the Mesericordia therefore thou shalt be burned Then I intreated that I might but speake and he said speake on then I asked them this whether the Frier that confest him could speak any English or no he answered that he could speake none then tell me quoth I how an Italian Frier can confesse an Englishman speaking no English nor the Englishman speaking no Italian nor other language but his mother tongue for you know wel there must be no interpreter in confession if the Sacrament were ministred vnto him the house where he died can iustifie it Then the Inquisitioner hearing this scratched his head saying this fellow hath spoken the truth wherfore take him and put him out into a large prison whether I was brought where I liued ten wéeks being well and often relieued by English Protestants who reioyced much to see me aliue These malicious Friers there reason wherefore they sought my life was because they would haue the dead mans pay to themsel●es which if he had béene a Roman Catholik had bin their due in respect he was not they mist of the pay of their wicked pretence against me God I giue him thanks by reason I could speak the Italian tongue for if I had had an interpreter in this though my cause was iust yet I had surely died Ten wéeks being spent in this prison it was the fortune of one M. Richard Row of Milbrooke in the countie of Cornwel to ariue at Ligorne in the good ship called the Portion he being owner Marchant of the said ship one day comming to the Prison grate demaunded of me what Countrey-man I was I told him I was borne in the Citie of Hereford He asked my name I answered William Dauies Said he know you one Master Dauies in Plymmouth I said I was an vnfortunate brother of his With that he was very sorely grieued in respect he knew my brother very well and loued him directly and told me if all the meanes that he could vse could deliuer me he would therefore said hée thinke with your selfe how I may deliuer you and I will be backe againe with you within these two or thrée houres whereupon he deliuered me sixe Crownes and bid me spare for no money for he knew my brother would repay it againe then leauing me I sate downe and leaned my head vpon my hand setting my elbow vpon my knée intreating my Almightie God to shew me some direct course whereby I should be deliuered Then presently came into my head to send for a Frenchman in whose house I had alwaies layne before who presently came vnto me vnto whom I imparted my minde telling of him that if he would faine a matter of debt against me I would giue him ten Crownes for his labour though I ought him nothing but he answered and said it was dangerous for it was a Gally-matter but I vewed it should neuer be made knowne by me Whereupon he gaue consent and went to the Gouernour and told him that in the Prison where debters are there is an Englishman who oweth me money and we were agréed then said the Commissarie if thou art content let him pay the charge of the house and be gone which charge I paid presently and was fréed departing away with the Frenchman and brought him to Master Hunts house the English Counsell where I gaue him his tenne Crownes So leauing one another I went presently aboord of Master Rowes Ship being then bound for Naples vnto which place wée came whose description followeth V. The Description and discouery of Naples NAples is a famous and most worthy Citie very spatious standing close vpon the Sea meruailous strongly fortified and planted with Ordnance in many seuerall Castles Bulwarks Forts and such like Also to this Citie doth belong many Gallies and very good shipping and continually great store of shipping rides before it this Citie lies in the Land of Calabria and is gouerned by

the Iland and 〈…〉 〈…〉 the space of thrée houres twentie dozens of Pidgions 〈…〉 with vs. Betwixt the Maine and this Iland there is very good riding for a Shippe Also the Moores will bring out ●● the Maine Land such Uictuals as they haue to re●●●●e o●r wants as Mutton Beefe ●c The Moores of this Countr●● are very deceitfull and trecherous their cloathing is but very naked and thinne for they weare but one slat of thin●● F●an●●● wherewith they couer their brests backs and p●●u●e parts and as for their armes legs and thighes they ●●e na●ed of them the sayd Garment or piece of Flane●l they call ● Barnoose In this Countrey of Barbary there is great store of Sugar-canes and Sugar made as they in Braz●e Sometimes in this Countrey there is Amber-grease found but the cunning of the Moores makes a great deale counterfaite I came to this Iland in a Carnell of Plymouth Master Edward Decon of the saide Towne being Master of her Moores comming oftentimes aboord of vs where they were kindly entertayned but they returned our kindnesse in this manner Setting of the chiefest with many more of them ashorem our Boate wherein sixe English men rowed them ashore they being all a Land our Boat was aground then one of our men stept out of the Boat vp to the knées in water and by strength would haue set the Boate off from the Land which as ●oone as they espyed him out of the Boate they tooke h●●d of him and drew him a Land where they cut all his cloathes off his backe and deuided them in péeces amongst them carrying the man starke naked vp into the Countrey saying tha●●e should neuer haue him againe except they had twentie French Crownes for his ransome which newes the Boace brought presently aboord which being in vaine to st●●●e with them ●ée gaue them and receiued the man naked hauing no further dealing with them XI The Description and discouery of Candy CAndy is a famous Iland of the Venetians very fruitfull yeelding great store of Wine and Oyle and all other things plentifull This Iland is very high and long poynting East and West the North-side of it very pleasant with great store of Gardens and Uineyards and such like but very barren to the Southward-side with great Rocks Cliffs and Mountaynes which part is inhabited by poore Gréekes and also there are many small Ilands vnder these Cliffs inhabited likewise by Gréekes as Christiana and Godza with others more These Gréekes liue all together in bondage to the Uenetians The North-side of this Iland is inhabited by Italians and some Jewes There are two very fayre Cities viz. Candia and Acony these Cities are inhabited most with Uenetians strongly fortified and planted with Ordnance These Cities lye right against the entring of the Arches of Appellican which goeth to Constantinople where the Great Turke continues receiuing tribute of the Duke of Venice for this Iland and other parts for the Uenetian is tributary to the Great Turke Also the Great Turke kéepes him in subiection by Land and Sea neither dare the Uenetian ioyne their forces with any Christian at any time whensoeuer a Fléete of Gallies and Shipps is set forth against the Turke yet the Duke of Uenice hath twise as many Gallies as any Christian Prince whatsoeuer which he doth employ some of them in Marchandize hauing continuall trading both with Christian and Turke and some of his Gallies continually lieth about the entring of the Gulph of Venice about the Iland of Zant and Saphlany and the small Iland of the Strauales and néere about Madona these parts doe they defend from any Christian men of warre or Christian Gallies or eyther Gallies or Briggantéens of the Turkes that shall approach néere vnto these parts in the manner and fashion of men of Warre and oftentimes the sayd Gallies doe take both Christian and Turke making Slaues of the men or else chopping off of their heads for it is lawfull for him so to doe by the conclusion betwixt Him the Christian and Turke taking them within twentie leagues compasse of the entrance of his Gulph but not in any other part of the Sea without the said compasse XII The Description of Morria MOrria is a small low Iland lying in the Riuer of Amazones the highest part of the West Indies This Iland is altogether inhabited by Women hauing no Mankinde amongst them they goe altogether naked vsing Bow and Arrowes for the killing of their owne foode the hayre of their heads is long and their Brests hang low and whereas many here in England doe imagine that they haue the right Brest seared or cut off it is no such matter as now what hath béene in times past I know not for this of mine owne knowledge I haue seene fortie fiftie or threescore of them together each of them bearing Bow and Arrowes in their hands going along by the Sea-side and when they espyed a Fish they shoote at it and strike it and so throwing downe their Bowes they leap into the water after their Arrowes and bring the Fish aland fastned to the Arrow and ●o in all other things as well the dressing of their meate as their lodging and customes they resemble and imitate the Indians of the Riuer of Amazons as you heard before in that discourse But some ●● these Women doe vse to beare their Children vpon their backs in this manner They take a yeere of the unde of ● Trée and with the one end thereof they fasten the Childes hunmes and about the arme-pits and shoulders with the other and so hang him on their backs like a Tinkers Budger and cast vp the brest to him ouer the shoulder The reason wherefore this Iland is inhabited by Women onely ●s this One Moneth in the yéere the Men from each side of the Maine Land comes in their Canowes ouer to the Iland euery Man matching himselfe with a Woman liuing there a Moneth and what men Children they finde there they carry away with them and the Woman Children they leaue behinde with the Mothers And this is their vse once a yéere whereby this Iland is altogether inhabited by Women There is one thing more to be wondred at that I haue also séene that is to say very good Oysters and Muskles growing vpon trées for I haue eaten my part of many an hundred of them And for your better vnderstanding how they grow you shall know that the Trées stand néere the Sea side and at euery full tyde the bowes hang into the Sea a fadome or a fadome and a halfe so that when the tyde goeth out they are found hanging in great clusters vpon the branches like Barnacles to the side of a ship and at the comming in of the tyde they receiue their moysture FINIS The Conclusion of the Booke to the Reader THus farre gentle Reader I thought good out of my slender capacitie to acquaint thée with a briefe and plaine discourse of my Trauell which though it

a Vice-Roy vnder the King of Spayne also there are many Souldiers in Garrison being all Spaniards The King of Spayne maintaynes many P●nti●ners there In this Citie they speake seuerall Christian languages because there are of all Nations in Christendome but principally Italians and Spanyards The Neopolitans are very proud and of a leftie spirit being for the most part very rich and costly attired and most commonly well furnished inwardly with their Countrey disease They are altogether Papists and their women very audacious especially in the sinfull vse of their bodies by reason they haue as well their pardon as priuiledge from Rome In this Citie it is verie dangerous to walke by night for a man may sodainly be kild for the cloathes on his backe whither hée be poore or rich In this place are alwaies great store of Marchants and Lidgers of seuerall Countries as specially English Dutch Greekes Italians Uenetians French Spaniard Jew with many other Christian Nations The chiefe commoditie that these Merchants deale in is ●aw Silke or Silke wrought eyther into Sattens Taffities Grograms and diuers other silke stuffes Silke stockings Laces of all sorts Garters of seuerall sorts In this place I haue béene diuers times and neuer found any thing note-worthy but onely one which was this A mine vnderneath a great Mountaine about a mile or thereabouts in length This vault was digged by the industrie of men for a passage from the Citie to an Iland called N●●●ta where all shipping doth stop before they come to the Citie The reason wherefore this passage was inuented is because the mountaine ouer it is so sléepe that there was no passage ouer it except they would goe twentie miles about but now Coaches Wagons Carts horse or foote may passe as smoothly through as in a plaine way continually hanging within it great store of Lampes this vault is in height about fiue fadame and foure in breadth it is named the Grout by common report one Virgil a learned man was the Author of it whose Tombe is aloft in each end of it hauing a Lampe hanging continually before it Through this place I haue oft and many times passed and therefore vpon my owne knowledge I can assure what I haue written V. The Description and discouery of the Riuer of Amazons THe Riuer of the Amazons lieth in the highest part of the West Indies beyond the Equinoctiall line to fall with this Riuer fortie leagues from Land you shall haue eight sixe and seauen fadome water and you shall sée the Sea change to a ruddie colour the water shall grow fresh by these signes you may run in boldly your course and comming néere the Riuers mouth the depth of your water shall increase then you shall make discouery of the trées before the land by reason the land is very low and not higher in one place then another thrée ●oote being at a spring tide almost all ouer flowne God knowes how many hundred leagues It flowes much water there with a very forcible tide In this Riuer I continued ten wéekes seeing the fashion of the people and countrey there This Countrey is a together full of woods with all sorts of wilde beasts as Lions Beares Wolues Leopards Baboones ●range Bores Apes Monkies Martyns Sanguins Marmosets with diuers other strange beasts also these woods are ●ull of wilde-fowle of all sorts and Parats more plentifull then Pigeons in England and as good meat for I haue often eaten of them Also this Countrey is very full of Riuers hauing a King ouer euery Riuer In this place is continuall tempests as lightning thunder and rayne and so extreame that it continues most commonly sixtéene or eightéene houres i● foure and twentie There are many standing ●●ters in this Countrey which be full of Aligators G●●●es with many other seuerall water Serpents and great store of fresh fish of strange fashions This Countrey is full of Muskitas which is a small Fl●e which much offends a stranger comming newly into the Countrey The manner fashion and nature of the people is this They are altogether naked both men and women hauing not so much as one three● about them to couer any part of their nakednesse the man taketh a round Cane as big as a penny candle and two inches in length through the which he puls the fore-skin of his yard tying the skin with a péece of the rinde of a tree about the bignesse of a small packethréed then making of it fast about his middle he continueth thus till he haue occasion to vse him In each eare he weareth a Réed or Cane which he bores through it about the bignesse of a Swans quill and in length halfe an inch and the like through the midst of the lower lip also at the bridge of the nose he hangs in a Reed a small glasse Bead or Button which hanging directly afore his mouth flies too and fro still as he speaks wherein he takes great pride and pleasure He weares his hayre long being rounded below to the nether part of his eare and cut short or rather as I iudged pluckt bald on the crowne like a Frier But their women vse no fashion at all to set forth themselues but starke naked as they were borne with haire long of their heads also their breasts hang very low by reason they are neuer laced or braced vy they do vse to annoynt their bodies both men and women with a kinde of red earth because the Muskitas or Flies shal not offend them These people are very ingenious craftie and treacherous very light of foote and good Bowemen whose like I haue neuer seene for they doe ordinarily kill their owne foode as Beasts Fowle and Fish the manner of their Bow and Arrowes is this The Bow is about two yards in length the Arrow seauen foot His Bowe is made of Brazill wood very curious his string of the rinde of a Trée lying close to the Bow without any bent his Arrow made of a Réed and the head of it is a fish bone hée kils a beast in this manner standing behinde a Trée hée takes his marke at the beast and wounding him he followes him like a Bloud-hound till he fall oftentimes seconding his shoote then for any fowle be he neuer so little he neuer misses him as for the first he walkes by the water side and when he hath spied a fish in the water he presently strikes him with his Arrow and sodainly throwing downe his Bow he leaps into the water swimming to his Arrow which he drawes a-land with the fish fastned to it then hauing each kild his owne sood as well flesh and fowle as fish they méet together to the number of fiftie or si●tie in a company then make a fire after this fashion They take two stickes of wood rubbing one hard against another till such time as they be fired then making of a great fire euery man is his owne Cooke to broyle that which he hath gotten and thus they féede without