suche wyse that neyther part might receyue any rebelles to the other by meanes wherof Gilcrist that before was fled into England was constreyned to returne into Scotland The miserable state of Gilcrist disguysed in poore weede with two of his sonnes there passed foorth his lyfe a long tyme in great myserie amongst the woodes and in out places vnknowne to any man what he was by reason of his poore and simple habite Somewhat before the aboue remeÌ„bred mariage The castell of Edenburgh restored Henry king of Englande at the motion of Hugh bishoppe of Durham rendred vp the Castell of Edenburghe into kyng William his handes About this tyme the Souldane named Saladine prospered hugely against the Christians in the holy lande Saladine the Souldane making suche cruell slaughter of them that to heare thereof all christian heartes were moued to pitifull commiseration and dolorous teares in so muche that Henrye kyng of Englande vowed to goe thyther wyth an armie to relieue the common necessitie of the christian publique weale and hadde gone in deede King Henries purpose to go into the holye land againste the Sarasins â–ª hindered by rebellion of his sonne if hee had not bene hyndered by the conspiracie of his sonne whome lately before he had caused to bee crowned kyng that wente aboute to vsurpe the sole administration to hymselfe nowe in his fathers lyfe tyme. Aboute the same tyme king William wente with an armie into Ros MakulÈen and Makbein capitaines of pyrates agaynste MakulÈen and Makbein two Capitaynes of the western Iles whiche vsed vppon occasion to passe ouer into Ros Cathnes and Murrayland spoyling and wasting those countreyes and when they hearde of any power comming agaynste them they woulde streyghte returne to their shippes and repasse againe to the Iles. But at this tyme the king had sente forth a Nauie to brenne all those vesselles wherein robbers hadde passed ouer and had left at anket by reason wherof when they were enclosed in on euery side by the king and taken prisoners they after suffered death on the wheele Death on the wheele according to the maner of the ciuill lawe Abirbrothok is buyldded The king in his returne from this iourneye came by the abbey of Abirbrothok to â—…ewe the worke of that house how it went forward commanding them that wer ouerseers masters of y e woorks to spare for no costes but to bring it vp to perfection and that with most magnificence After his departure froÌ„ theÌ„ce he tooke the way toward Bertha Gilcrist deluing cloddes by adueÌ„ture espied where Gilcrist was deluing vp turfes togither with his .ij. sons though he knew not what they were yet he mufed to see two such goodly yong men as by resemblance they appeared to be to be thus occupied in suche toyling and base labour IncontineÌ„tly herewith Gilcrist with his bald head came afore hym and falling downe on his knees at the kings feete Gilcrist asketh pardon of the king iâ—… vnknown habite sayde If there be anye mercie in thee most ruthful prince for them that are brought through their offences into extreme miserie hauing suffred condigne punishment for the same I beseeche thee for the loue that Christ had to all sinfull people not sparing to shead his most precious bloud for their redemptioÌ„ to haue some pitie and compassion on me and these my poore and miserable sonnes which with me haue suffred muche grief and penurie not hauing deserued the same by any crime by them coÌ„mitted At the last when king William had enquired of him what he was Gilcrist declareth what he is and how it chaunced he fell into such kind of miserie the teares came so faste trickling downe froÌ„ his eyes that of a long space he was not able to declare his owne name At length being come to himself he said I am Gilcrist noble prince y e most sorowfull creature on earth which alas put my hands in thy bloud and was therfore dishinherited of all my lands and banished with these my two sons out of thy realme whervpon we remained in England for a time till through proclamation made against outlawes I was constrained to come hyther againe with my said sonnes where we haue liued by rootes all the sommer season and nowe in the winter are glad to get our liuing with trauayle of hand thus in digging deluing of clods therfore if any ruthe or pitie haue place in thy hearte or that thy indignation be qualifyed haue mercy on our sorowful estate remit the offence wherby thou mayst not only purchase greate honour and fame by example of pitie beeing highly renoumed for that vertue amongst al nations but also winne great merite afore God for shewing thy selfe the folower of Christe the giuer of all mercie grace and peace The king moued by these wordes and remeÌ„bring the good seruice whiche Gilcriste had employde so often tymes afore in defence of the realme The king taketh Gilcrist to his fauoure and restoreth vnto him his landes and agayn pitying his case to consyder from what degree of honour he was fallen into the deepest bottome of extreme miserie hee tooke him wholly to his fauour and not only forgaue him his former offences but also restored vnto him and to his sonnes al suche landes as sometymes appertained vnto them excepte so muche as the king had alreadie giuen vnto the Abbey of Abirbrothok Gilcrist euer after perseuered in due obedience to his prince and for so much as his eldest sonne deceassed before him without heires and that his yonger sonne by reason of some impedimente which he had was vnmete for mariage Gilcrists gift vnto the house of Abirbrothoke he gaue the most part of his lands after his owne deceasse vnto the sayd house of Abirbrothok His yonger sonne also no lesse wel affectionated towardes the same house gaue the resydue of his landes therevnto The father and bothe his sonnes are buryed before the Aulter of Saincte Catherine within the Church of this abbey as the superscription of their tombes sheweth Though kyng Willyam was earnestly occupied in the aduauncing forwarde of the buylding of Abirbrothok yet did he not forget hys duetie in the administration of his lawes but diligently caused iustice to be executed to the punishing of the wicked the rewarding of them that well deserued He made also sundry newe lawes for the restraining of theeues and oppressours of the people so rigorous Lawes deuised by king William against theeues that they myght bee in feare to heare him named Furthermore where as the Church of Scotlande was subiecte to the church of Yorke he obtained of Pope Clement the third of that name letters of exemption for his Clergie wherby the Churche of Scotlande within the which were conteyned the Bishoppes seas of Saincte Andros Glasgo Dunkelde Dublayne Breghne Abirden Murray Ros and Cathnes was declared exempte from all other forrayne iurisdiction except onely from that of the sea
coupled in mariage with Henry and Richard the sonnes of king Iohn vpon this paction and couenaunt that if the one dyed the other should succede to the crowne For the whiche it was couenanted that king William should giue a right large dower Also the castell which king Iohn had builded and king William rased it was agreed that it should remayne so defaced and neuer after again to be repaired For the sure performance of these articles thus betwixt the two kings coÌ„cluded nine noble men of Scotlande were appointed to be deliuered as hostages vnto king Iohn Scottishe hostages deliuered to kyng Iohn In that assemblie there at Yorke king William also surrendred into the haÌ„ds of king Iohn the landes of Cumberlande A surrender made to a vse Huntington and Northumberland to the intent he shuld assigne those landes again vnto his sonne prince AlexaÌ„der and he to do homage for the same according to the maner and custome in that case prouided for a knowlege and recognition that those lands were holden of the kings of Englande as superiour lordes of the same During the aboade of these two kynges at Yorke there was brought vnto them a chylde of singular beautie sonne and heire to a GentlemaÌ„ of great possessions in those parties beeing sore vexed with diuers and sundry diseases for one of his eies was consumed and lost through an issue which it had of corrupt and filthie humours the one of his handes was dryed vp the one of hys feete was so taken that he had no vse therof and his toung likewise that he could not speake The Physitions that sawe him thus troubled with suche contrary infirmities iudged him incurable A child healed by king Willyam Neuerthelesse king William making a crosse on him restored him immediatly to helth By reason wherof manie beleeued that this was done by miracle thorough the power of almightie God y t the vertue of so godlie a prince might be notified to the worlde After his returne from Yorke into Scotland Churches endowed by K. William he endowed the churches of Newbottell Melros holie Rood house Dunfermling and Abirdene with many faire possessions as the Letters patentes made thereof by him beare manifest testimonie He also erected one new bishops see called Argyle The erection of the sea of Argyle giuing therto sufficient landes towards the mayntenance and sustentation thereof After this coÌ„ming vnto the towne of Bertha he had not remayned there many dayes The towne of Bertha drowned by inundation but that there chaunced such a floud by reason of the rising inundation of the two riuers Taye and Almound that through violence of the streame the towne walles were borne downe and muche people in the town drouned ere they could make anye shifte to saue themselues The king in daunger of drowning in so muche that though the king wyth his wyfe and the moste parte of his familie escaped oute of that greate danger and ieopardie his yongest sonne yet named Iohn with his nourse and .xij. other women perished .xx. other of his seruantes beside Iohn the kinge sonne is drowned Here was heard such clamour noyse and lamentable cryes as is vsed in tyme when anye towne is sodenly taken and surprised by the enimies for as the common Prouerbe witnesseth fyre and water haue no mercie and yet of these two water is more terrible and daungerous for there is no force or witte of man able to resiste the violence of inundations wher they sodeynly breake in King William after that the towne of Bertha was thus destroyed and ouerflowed wyth water The towne of Perth buylded began the foundation of an other towne which was after called Perth by a man of that name that oughte the grounde where the same towne was buylded Furthermore to aduaunce the dignitie and augmentation of this towne Freedomes granted to the town of Perth the king graunted sundry beneficial priuiledges and freedoms therto that it myghte the sooner ryse in rychesse and wealth The first foundation thereof was layde after the incarnation of our Sauiour 1210. yeares but the name was chaunged afterwardes and called Saint Iohns towne Saint Iohns towne which name it beareth euen vnto this day Gothred moued a rebellioÌ„ in Cathnes About the same time there rose eft soones new trouble in Cathnes for one Gothred the sonne of MakuilÈem of whose rebellion ye haue heard before spoyled with often incursions and rodes the Countrey of Rosse and other boundes there aboutes His companie encreaseth His companie encreased dayly more and more by repayre of such number of Rebelles as came vnto him oute of Lochquhaber and the Westerne Iles. The Earles of Fife Athol sent agaynst him King William to represse these attemptes sent forth the Earles of Fife and Atholl with the Thane of Buthquhane hauing sixe thousande in their companie the which encountering with the enimies in set battail The Rebelles ouerthrowne Gothred taken and beheaded gaue them the ouerthrow and taking Gothred their chiefe Captaine prisoner brought him vnto the king who caused both him and diuerse other which were likewise taken prisoners to lose their heades Gothred himselfe was sore wounded before he was taken so that if his takers had not made the more speede in the conueying of him to the king he had dyed of his hurtes before execution had thus beene done on him accordingly as was appoynted The dissentioÌ„ betwixt the Pope and king Iohn About this tyme rose the dissention and variance betwixt Iohn King of Englande and Pope Innocent the thirde for that the Englishe Cleargie refused to ayde the sayde Iohn wyth suche summes of money as hee demaunded of them The cause Shortly after William king of Scotlande worne with long age departed out of this world at Striueling The death of K. William in the lxxiiij yeare of his age and in the .xlix. yeare of his raigne and after the incarnation of Christ .1214 yeares 1214 He was buryed in Aberbrothak before the high aulter within the Quiere The yeare afore his death two Comets or blasing starres appeared in the Month of March right terrible to behold Two blasing starres y e one did shine before the rysing of the Sunne and the other before the going downe thereof The yeare next following there was a Cow in Northumberlande that calued a right monstruous Calfe A monstrous Calfe for the head and necke resembled a verie Calfe in deede but the residue of the bodye was like to a Colte Two Moones In the Winter after there were seene also two Moones in the Fyrmament the one beeing seuered from the other and in shape naturally hoâ—…ned as yee see the Moone in hir encreasing or waâ—…ning King William in his life time founded the Abbay of Balmernocht The Abbay of Balmernocht founded but his wife Queene Ermengard endowed it with landes and possessions after his deceasse In the .xlvj. yeare of this
agaynste hym was in greate perplexitie of mynde for that hee sawe hymselfe in daunger not onely of outwarde enimies but also of his owne subiectes at home Yet bycause the Winter season was alreadie at hande taking away all conuenient occasions of attempting any great exployte by warre for that time he was in hope to compasse some agreemēt with his sonnes ere the spring of the yeare should returne and therefore he made not so great prouision for his defence as had beene necessarie in so daungerous a case But the Frenchmen who were bent to set forwarde this warre with all diligence The confederates inuade the dominions of king Henrie the father were readie in the steid immediatly vpon the comming of the spring with king Henrie the sonne and euen at one instant they made theyr inuasions vpon the landes of king Henrie the father in three seuerall parties that is to witte to Normandie Guian and Brytaine whiche agaynst the will of his sonne Geffrey Duke thereof king Henrie the father did holde and retaine in his own handes The Frenche men thus inuading the foresayde Countreys did muche hurte wyth robbing and spoyling and also tooke dyuerse castels and townes The king of Scots inuadeth Cumberland Moreouer aboute the same time William king of Scotland entred with a great power first into Cumberland and besieged Carleil but hearing that an armie was prepared agaynst hym in the South parties of the Realme and readie to sette forwarde he raysed his siege and entred into Northumberlande which Prouince king Henrie the sonne had gyuen him in the last assembly holden at Paris endeuouring himselfe to bring it into his possession But the more earnestly hee went aboute to enforce the people to his will the more styffely did they wythstande his purpose hating him so much that in no condition they were willing to come vnder his rule whereby the Scottes were put backe and repulsed and that to their great losse The kings power also comming into the coūtrey followed them and passing ouer the water of Tweede which deuided then as it doth at this day the two Realmes in sunder VVil. Par. made the lyke spoyle in the lande of the enimies as they had made in the Countreys of Northumberland and Cumberlande But in Normandie whilest others in other places make theyr hande in fetching prayes and booties out of the enimies countrey Vernueil besieged king Lewes besieged Vernueil whiche towne being strong of it selfe Rog. Houed Hugh Beauchampe Hugh Beauchampe and others that had charge therof valiantly defended so y t the French king was a moneth before it ere he coulde winne any part thereof This towne of Vernueil was in those dayes deuided into three portions beside the castel euery of them a part from other with mighty walles deep ditches ful of water One of these parts was called the great borough w tout the walles wherof the French king had pight his field planted hys engines About a moneth after whose comming thither vitails began to fail thē within so that at length they required a truce for three days only if no succor came within those three dayes they promised to yeeld y e parte of the towne called the great borough the day peremptorie was y e vigil of S. Laurence Herevpon were hostages by the burgesses deliuered vnto the French king if they deliuered the towne at the day appointed for wāt of succors to come to relieue thē king Henrie the son Robert y e french kings brother with y e erles of Troys Blayes Henry Theobald Wil. Archb. of Sens vndertooke vpon their othes that the hostages should thē be restored free without any hurt or domage K. Henry being certified frō them within of the composition thus made was driuē to a very hard shift for he doubted nothing lesse then that any such thing should haue chaunced Yet considering with himself that the sauing of the towne stood in his speedy cōming to the rescue without any stay he hasted thither came to the place the day before the thirde and last day of the truce The French king require◅ to talke King Lewes perceyuing him to bee come doubting least he shuld lose the pray which he looked for sent vnto the king required that he might common with him on the next daye touching some meanes of agreement to be had betwixt him and his sonnes This did he of a plicie to feede him in hope of some ende to be made in the troubles betwixt him and his sonnes till hee had got possession of the Towne And euen as he forecast in that matter so it came to passe for whilest a great peece of the next day was spent in feyned talke about an agreement king Lewes appoynted a great part of his host to close the towne aboute and to declare vnto them within that king Henrie was put to flight which talke they within Vernueil beleeuing yeelded the towne and themselues to the French men Soone after king Lewes mistrusting least he shoulde not be able to keepe it set it on fire and so burnt it contrarie to the composition betwixt him and them agreed and concluded vpon Rog. Houed He kept also the souldiers that had yeelded it into his handes togither with the hostages as prisoners and doubting to cope with his enimie went awaye in the night with as still noyse as was possible The ninth ◅ August being Thursd say◅ Rog. Houed King Lewes fleeth away ◅ the night King Henrie at length perceyuing the fraude sent certaine bandes of his horsmen after to pursue the enimie but for that king Lewes was alreadie gotten into the inner partes of his owne Countrey those whiche were sente turned vpon those that were left in the hyndermost warde of whome they slue a great number bothe of Horsemen and footemen King Henrie following hys men came to Vernueil and staying there that nyght tooke order for the repayring and newe fortifying of the towne On the morrow after he went to the Castell of Danuille and wanne it Danuille taking diuers knights and yeomen within it This Castell belonged to one Gilbert de Tileres Gilbert de Tilleres And thus it came to passe touching the attempt of the French king for the winning of Vernueil as in some Authours we finde reported Other write otherwise of the matter as thus VVil. Par. the French king beeing summoned by king Henrie the father eyther to departe from the siege of Verneuyle or to looke for battaile and hearing also that in performaunce of the message king Henrie approched with his power he sent a Bishop and an Abbot vnto him to vnderstande if he ment to giue battaile in deede The Messengers met King Henrie as hee was aduaunced before his hoste vpon some occasion with a small companie about him vnto whom they declared that theyr master the French king requyred to bee assured whether he should haue battail or no.
likewise Martirnes Beuers Foxes Weselles whose skinnes and cases are solde vnto straungers at huge and excessiue prices In Murray land also is not all-only great plenty of wheate Barley Otes and such like grayne beside Nuttes and Apples but likewise of all kindes of fishe and especially of Salmon The people thereof in like sort do vse a strange maner of fishing for they make a loÌ„g Wee le of wicker narrow necked wide mouthed with such cunning that wheÌ„ the tide commeth the fishe shoote themselues into the same foorthwith are so inclosed that whilest the tide lasteth he cannot get out nor after the water is gone escape the hands of the fishers In this region moreouer is a lake named Spiney wherein is exceeding plenty of Swannes The cause of their increase in this place is ascribed to a certaine hearbe which groweth there in great abundaÌ„ce and whose seede is very pleasant vnto the sayde foule in the eating wherfore they call it Swan Gyrs herevnto such is the nature of y e same that where it is once sowen or plaÌ„ted it wil neuer be destroyed as may be proued by experience For albeit that this lake be fiue myles in length was sometime within the remembrance of man very well stored with Salmon and other great fishe yet after that this 〈◊〉 began to multiply vpon the same it became â—…o shallow that one may now wade thorow the greatest parte thereof by meane whereof all the great fishe there is vtterly consumed In the portion furthermore is the Churche of Peâ—â— where the bones of litle Iohn remayneth great admiration Certes this catcase hath bene 24. foote long his members well proportioned according to his stature This was no Foâ—… 〈…〉 into 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 Scotland and not fully sixe yeares before this booke was written by Boethus hee sawe his hanche bone whithe seemed so great as the whole thighe of a man and he did thrust his aâ—…me into the hollownesse thereof whereby it appereth what mighty people grew vp in 〈◊〉 region before they were ouercome with gluttony and excesse In this quarter finally is the towne called Elgyn not farre from the mouth of Spaye and therin is a Cathedral church furnished with Chanons there are thereto sundry riche and very wealthy Abbayes in Murray as Kyllâ—…s of the order of the Cisteaux and Pluscardy of the Cluniackes Of Boene Anze Buchquhaue Mar Meruis Fiffe and Angus with the lakes floudes Abbeyes townes and other notable things conteyned in the same Chap. 6. NExt vnto the Murray lieth Boene and Anze two fertile and plentifull regions whiche extend their boundes euen vnto the 〈◊〉 They are both very notably indued with baâ—â—ble pastures and by reason thereof are very full of cattell they yeelde moreouer excellent corne by meanes of theyr large woodes and forests not without great store of wilde beastâ—…s of sundry kindes and natures Neare also vnto the Douerne water which is a riuer marueylously stored with fish staÌ„deth a towne named Bâ—â—â— and vnder these two regions aforesayde lieth Buchquhane a very barable soyle for all kindes of cattell but especially of sheepe whose wooll exceedeth that of the like beast of all other countries there aboutes for whitenesse and 〈◊〉 The riuers that are in this countrey do in lyke maner abound with Salmons so that there is no one of them voyde of this commoditie except the Rattra onely wherein it is not hearde that any hath ben seene herein also standeth the castell of Slanis in which the high constable of ScotlaÌ„d dwelleth and neare vnto the same is a marueylous caue for the water that droppeth into the same in a short processe of time becommeth an harde white stone and except they had bene oft remoued heretofore the caue it self had bene filled vp with the same many yeres agone This region is voide of rattes such is the nature therof that if any be brought thither from other places they are found to die immediatly finally it is most marueylous of all y t as Otes do growe there in many places of themselues without culture tillage so if a man come thither of set purpose to mow downe the same he shal find nothing els but empty hulles straw but if he chaunce vpon the sodaine and without premeditatioÌ„ of the thing to cut downe any a matter impossible in my minde he shall finde them so good ful as any are elswhere to be gathered ledde home Certes it appeareth hereby that this is nothing els but an illusion wherewith the wicked fends do captiuate blinde the senses of the superstitious sort for that it should be so by nature it is a thing altogither impossible Nexte vnto this lieth the greate region of Mar whiche is very plentifull of cattell and extendeth 60. miles in length froÌ„ the Almaigne seas to Badzenoch In this is the Citie of Aberdene wherein is a Bishops sea and noble Vniuersitie sometime founded by William Elphinston Bishop there This citie lieth betwixt two riche riuers the Done the Dee wherin is the greatest store of Salmons that is to be founde againe within the compasse of Albion and likewise the greatest longest if you respect their quantitie Next vnto Marre we haue Mernis toward y e sea a very fatte soyle ful of pasture abundantly replenished with euery sort of cattell In this portion standeth Dunnother the Marshall of Scotlands house likewise the towne of Fordon in whiche the bones of Palladius do rest who is taken generally for the Apostle of our nation The water of Eske is bound vnto this region whiche is otherwise called Northeske a very daungerous chanell wherin many haue perished for default of a bridge as they haue attempted to passe repasse ouer the same Angus bordereth vpon the Mernis it was sometime part of Horrestia now watered with three notable riuers as the Northeske already mentioned marueylously replenished with SalmoÌ„s likewise the Southeske finally the Tay the noblest water in all Scotland and remembred by the Romayne writers vnder the name of Tau In Angus also is an highe Mountayne or Promontory called the redde Brayes whiche lieth out farre off into the Almayne seas The Tay also riseth farre beyond the Mountaynes of Granzeben out of Loch Tay whiche is a poole of 24. miles of length and 10. of breadth wherein are not onely diuerse Islandes with Castels in them but the water of the lake it self beyng moste fine and subtile is notably replenished with great store of fish and therfore very commodious for such as dwell about it It falleth into the Almayne sea beside Dundee a towne called in olde tyme Alectum wherein I was borne and in whiche the people trauayle very painefully about weauing and making of cloth There are in Angus also many other cities riche Abbayes as Mountros Brechin Forfayr beside so many Castelles as lieth not in me to number This likewise is not to be passed ouer with
kingdoâ—â— And hauing ruled his subiects with great iustice by the space of .xl. yeres or therabout he died after whose deceasse succeeded Fandufus Fandufus who had issue Ethion and he â—â—gat Glancus whiche Glancus begat Noitafilus â–ª the father of Rothsay all of them raigned successiuely 〈◊〉 the Scotish men in Irelande as in the description of that land more plainly may appeare Rothsay This Rothsay perceyuing the Scottish nation encreased to a greater multitude in Ireland than the country was wel able to sustaine transported ouer certaine numbers of them into the Iles aunciently called â—…boâ—â—es The Scottes â—…erie ouer into the westerne Isles afterwards Hâ—…bâ—…ides but now by the Scottes the western Iles bycause they lie on the west halfe of Scotlande and there they placed them to inhabite They inhabite the Isle of Rothsay He named also that Isle which he first beganne to possesse Rothsay after his owne name Which translation of these Scottish men into those Isles was 133. yeares after the â—…oroâ—…ation of Brechus This Rothsay had not beene long in those Isles but that hearing of his fathers deceasse he returned into Irelande to succede in his place Where the Scottish men pâ—â—â—eyuing the fertilitie of the Isles and how the same serued wel for the breeding of cattel became so desirous to inhabite the same that they went ouer thither dayly ingreate numbers with their wiues children and whole families so that within a â—…horte time they multiplied in such wise that the Isles were not large ynough to finde them sustenauce The Scottes inhabite the maine lande of Scotlande by reason wherof diuerse companies of them got them ouer into the maine lande of the North part of this our Bryâ—…taine called as then Albion where they first inhabited a waste and desert portion thereof lying to waste 〈◊〉 west neuer against the foreremembred Isles by â—…heâ—… alreadie inhabited Anno mundi 338â—… 4617. H.B. They inhabite the countrey called Arguile That part where they first beganne to 〈◊〉 themselues they named Arguelâ—…lia after the name of their first Captain and guide Gathelus but the Inhabitantes at this day call it Arguyle They make lawes and ordinances At their first comming because they perceyued they coulde not liue without lawes and 〈◊〉 gouernment they seuered thereof 〈◊〉 into â—…thâ—â— or as it were into hundreds 〈◊〉 wee pertaken euery of the same hauing a speciall gouernmentâ—… see their lawes ministred Gouernours had in reuerence and iustice 〈◊〉 whiche gouernours were had in suche reuerence that they were as â—â—ch afrayde to sweare by the name of any one of them as they 〈◊〉 the Goddes In this state they continued many 〈…〉 They liue in peace encreasing in pubcâ—â—â— of 〈…〉 mightie motion and liued in good 〈◊〉 ouâ—… trouble of watres or 〈…〉 vpon 〈◊〉 any â—…raine 〈◊〉 In this meane time also The Pictes came into Scotland one of Germanie the Pictes whiche were 〈◊〉 people of Germanie as most writers do agree came 〈…〉 also in 〈◊〉 part of Brytayne which nowe is comprehended likewise within Scotlande Some say that they came forth of the hyther part of Scithia and other there be whiche holde opinion that they discended of the people named in olde time Agathirsi whiche inhabited in a part of Sarmatia were called Pictes bycause they vsed to paynt and colour theyr faces or as some suppose for that they vsed gay apparell of dyuerse and sundrie colours but the same wryters generally confesse that they first came into Germanie or hyther Scithia that is to meane Denmarke many yeares before they entred into Brytaine Pictes came out of Denmarke The Pictes came first into Orkney chaunging their seates came into the maine lande of Scotlande Pictlande Firth Truth it is that they first came out of Germanie into the Isles of Orkeney and there inhabiting for a season feryed ouer into Cathenese whereof it came to passe that the streyte there at this present is called Pictland firth and so in coÌ„tinuance of time encreasing in number they passed further into the lande and got possession of Rosse Murray land Merne and Anguse and after that entring into Fiffe and Lowthian they droue such Brytaynes from thence as inhabited there before whiche were but a simple kinde of people as those that applyed nothing but onely nourishing and breeding of cat-cattaile These Pictes as by conference of tymes may appeare entred first into Scotlande aboute the yeare after the creation of the worlde 3633 and being once ariued 4867. H.B. they began to erect and builde certaine fortes The Pictes make strong holdes wherein they might defend themselues if any force of enimies shoulde chaunce to put them vnto such shiftes but perceyuing they could not continue any time without wiues to mainteyne their stock and progenie by bringing forth issue they thought it expedient to require of the Scottishe men some number of women to marrie with The Pictes require womeÌ„ of the Sottes that thereby a sure alliance might be had betwixt both nations and that if neede requyred they might the better defende them from their common enimies the Brytaynes whome they knewe woulde be lothe to see the encrease of eyther Scottes or Pictes as those that were straungers to them and vsurpers vpon theyr confines â–ª A league made This request was graunted and a ful league ratifyed betwixt the Scottishe men and Pictes with couenauntes â–ª that neither of them shoulde seeke to vsurpe anye peece of that whiche the other helde but â—â—ntent themselues wyth theyr owne marckes And further hee that attempted to wrong the onâ—… shoulde bee accompted an enimie to bothe â–ª and agaynste whome they shoulde bee readie to ioyne theyr powers in eyther others defence The succession of the gouernment Also it was accorded that if at any tyme it were doubtfull who ought to succeede in the gouernment of the Pictishe kingdome some oâ—…e discended of those Scottish women should be admitted to the throne This allyaunce was euen at the first mislyked of the Brytaynes Their alliâ—â—â—â— misliked who doubted that if these two Nations shoulde once bee ioyned inseparatly togyther they might in tyme to come â—…ncrease to greater puissaunce than should stand well with the suretie of their estate Therefore studying howe to preuent that daunger Dissâ—â—tiâ—â— a present destroyer they thought the readyest meane to destroy both those Nations was if they might bring it to passe to sette them firste togither by the eares amongest themselues that afterwardes when their powers were by suche meanes sorâ—… abated they might the more easily subdue them at their pleasures This deuise the Brytaynes kept secrete for a time till occasion serued to worke theyr intent In whiche meane while the affinitie betwixt the Scottes and Pictes increased to the welth of both nations and for the issue sake great loue and friendshippe was mainteyned amongst them the Pictes applyed themselues to tylling the grounde and buylding of
Athirco doubting to be forsaken of his owne meÌ„ if it came to the triall of battaile coÌ„uâ—…yed himselfe from amoÌ„gst them and considered of what force and power they were and how feeble his part was through want of good willes in his people hee priuily stale away from them and woulde haue passed ouer into Ila one of the westerne Isles to haue procured some succour there but being embarqued and set from the shore he was by contrarie windes driueÌ„ backe againe to land where doubting to come into his enimies handes hee chose rather to slea himselfe Athirco slayeth himselfe and so ended his wretched life in suche miserable extremitie after hee had raigned the space of xij yeares His raigne continued till the dayes of the Emperour Gordian the third or as other say till the time of the Emperour Valerian 242. H. B. But as Master Harison hath gathered hee raigned in the dayes of the Emperour Aurelius Claudius Doorus the brother of Athirco coâ—â—yeth himselfe out of the way Doorus the brother of Athirco vnderstaÌ„ding of the death of his brother disguised himselfe in beggers weede for doubte of death and went into Pictlande with .iij. of his Nephewes sonnes to the same Athirco whose names were Sindock Carance and Donald Howebeit Natholocus hauing knowledge whither he was fled Natholocus seeketh the life of Doorus sent forth certaine of his seruants with coÌ„maundement to searche him out commaunding furthermore very straightly that if they founde him they should dispatch him out of life for feare of further mischiefe But they that were sent finding one in all features proportioÌ„ of body resembling Doorus slew the one in steede of the other so returning home to their Master they made him very ioyfull of y e newes although in deede they came not neare to Doorus Then Natholocus causing the estates of the Realme to assemble he handled the mater in such wise by disswading theÌ„ to choose any of Athircos bloud to raigne ouer theÌ„ for doubt least they should seeke any meanes how to reueÌ„ge his death that in the ende Natholocus is chosen to be king this Natholocus was elected himself more by force than by any coÌ„mon coÌ„sent of the nobles for diuers of them doubting y e craftie nature whiche they knew to be in him wished rather that the issue of Athirco hauing deserued nothing why to be defrauded of y e kingdome saue only in respect of the fathers offences might haue enioyed that whiche of right they ought to haue had that is either one of theÌ„ to be king or els some neare kinsman of theyrs to raigne as king til the eldest of them might come to sufficient yeares to beare the rule himselfe BVt Natholocus beyng once proclaymed king by the multitude Natholocus and Athircos bloud attaynted of treason and so published according to the custome he tooke the othes of those that were present Natholocus goeth vnto Dunstafage to be â—â—â—sed and then repayred vnto Dunstafage there to be inuested according to the manner This done hee called suche aside as he suspected and talking with them alone hee exhorted them to be faithfull Natholocus seeketh to procure loue of the nobilitie through bribes promising to be theyr assured good Lorde and Maister and for an earnest thereof he gaue vnto diuers of them very great rewardes Generally vnto all men he shewed himselfe very gentle and tractable thereby to winne their loues for the better establishment of his newe atchieued estate And hereto he employed suche riches as the former kings had heaped togither amongst the Nobles studying by all meanes to auoyde all seditious quarels and secrete discordes amongst them Thus â—â—ling the realme at his will for certaine yeares Fortune fauoring Natholâ—…cus for a 〈◊〉 began to chaunge couÌ„tenance at length fortune began to shewe a chaunge of countenance after hir olde accustomes guile For Doorus the brother of Arthirco whom as ye haue heard Natholocus supposed to haue bene dead wrote certaine letters signifying his owne estate with the welfare of his Nephewes the children of Athirco vnto certaine Scottishe Lordes Doorus wryteth vnto certaine Scottish lords to moue them to rebelâ—â—â— whome hee knewe to fauour his cause Whiche letters hee deliuered vnto a Pictishe woman appoynting hyr how and to whome she shoulde deliuer the same but the woman apprehended by the way and brought vnto Natholocus hee caused hyr secretely to be sacked and throwen into a riuer Afterwardes sending for suche of the Nobles as the direction of the foresayde letters had giuen him occasion to haue in some suspâ—â—ion Natholocus putreth such to death as he suspecteth to fauour Doorus he committed them first to pryson and at length caused them to be secretely strangled A rebellion against Natholocus Whiche wicked deede being once notified abroade moued so the hartes of theyr friends and alies that they procured the people to rebell and so gathering them togither they raysed open and cruell warres against him Natholocus enformed of their determinations withdrewe himselfe priuily into Murray lande there to get togither an armie to resist his enimies and for that he was desirous also to vnderstande somewhat of the issue of this trouble Natholocus sendeth vnto a witche to know the conclusion of his enimies attemptes he sent one of his trustie seruaunts being a gentleman of that countrey vnto a woman that dwelt in the Isle of Colmkil otherwise called Iona esteemed very skilfull in foreshewing of things to come to learne of hyr what fortune should happe of this warre whiche was already begunne 252. H. B. This chaunced in the yeare of our Lord .280 and in the .xj. yeare after the first entring of Natholocus into the estate The Lordes of the realme assemble togither to choose a new king After Natholocus was thus dispatched the peeres asseÌ„bled togither to ordeyne for y e gouernment of the realme where in the ende it was amongst them concluded that the sonnes of Athirco should be sent for into Picteland and Findock receiued for king The sonnes of Athirco are sent for the eldest of them named Findock chosen to raygne The Morauian that slew Natholocus was appointed to fetch them who according to his commission comming into Pict lande conueyed them right honorably into Argile where Findocke beyng already chosen king was placed on the stone of marble with all the ceremonies in that case appertayning The leagues with the Brytaines Findock obserueth the leagues confirmed of former tymes with his neybours Those of the out Isles inuade the couÌ„treys of Rosse and Murray lande Pictes and Romains hee firmely obserued But as peace with forrayne enimies breedeth ofttimes ciuill discorde at home so came it then to passe with him at this present for one Donald of the Isles a noble man borne came ouer with an armie into Rosse and Murray land fetching from thence a great spoile bootie not without great slaughter of suche as
people with their kings were contented to haue peace with the Scottes though it lay in theyr handes now to destroy the whole nation if so be the Scottes woulde agree freely to resigne aswell to the English men as Brytaynes all such lands and Countreys as they had nowe gotten into theyr possessions Articles of peace proposed without any clayme or tytle to be made to the same from thenceforth eyther by them or any of their posteritie so that the water of Forth on the East halfe shoulde deuide the Scottishe dominions from the confines of the English men and Brytaynes The Forth called the Scottishe sea and be called from that tyme euer after the Scottishe sea On the west the water of Clyde should deuide the Scottish landes from the Brytaynes the Castel of Alâ—…luth Donbriton It was called before Caer Arclâ—…yth that is the Citie vpon Cluid as H. Lluyd holdeth standing at the mouth of the same riuer to remaine in the handes of the Brytaynes from thenceforth to beare the name of Dunbreton that is to say the castell of the Brytaynes And furthermore that if any of the Scottes shoulde attempt to passe the sayd boundes into any of the Brytish or Englishe borders hee shoulde die for that offence and if by force of tempest it chaunced any of them to be driuen a lande on the South shore within any of those parties they shoulde take nothing away with them but water or vytailes and depart within three dayes except some reasonable cause of stay constrayned them to the contrarie Moreouer they should not fortifie any townes or Castels on the frontires neare to the Englishe or Brytishe confines And further they shoulde couenaunt to pay vnto the English men and Brytaynes within the space of twentie yeares the summe of one thousand pounde of siluer For performance of all which articles of agreement Hostages are required the Scottes shoulde deliuer three score hostages beeing the sonnes and heyres apparant of the chiefest noble men of all theyr Realme and Countrey And if it so were that they mislyked and refused any of these articles hee commaunded that there should no other Ambassador come to him for any other treatie of accorde The Ambassadours returning home and declaring how they had sped The Scottes mislike the articles of peace many of the Scottes thought the Articles nothing reasonable for free people to accept Other iudged that eyther they must come to some agreement with the English men and Brytaynes or else put the lande in extreeme perill and thus had the people bin deuided into two contrarie opinions and factions had not one Calene a noble man borne of high parentage Calene his graue counsell taketh place gouernor of Angus with sober reasons strong arguments appeased this contention perswading them to haue respecte to the tyme and sithe the force of the Realme was so infeebled abated and brought vnder foote through aduerse fortune better it was to yeelde vnto necessitie in sauing part at that present in hope after when occasion serued to recouer the residue than through obstinate wilfulnesse to lose the whole For considering the present daunger it could be reputed no dishonour to receyue conditions of peace at the enimies handes sithe there wanted not the lyke ensample of the Romaines who gladly accepted suche artycles of peace as that noble Prince king Eald appoynted them and yet it is not to be iudged that there wanted men of great knowledge and wisedome amongst them and such as regarded theyr honour so farre forth as reason in any wise dyd reache The multiude mooued with these wordes of Calen The multitude consented vnto Calene his sayings whose graue authoritie by reason of hys age and rowmth was of no small reputation amongst them hauing lost nine of his own sonnes in the last battaile they finally determined to followe his opinion in receyuing the same conditions of agreement which Osbert had prescribed The Scots receiue the peace and therevpon sent agayne theyr Ambassadors with the hostages appoynted for the establishing of the peace in maner as before is rehersed Which beeing throughly accomplished in suche solemne wise as in those dayes King Donaldâ—… with the noble men are sent home againe and in the like cases was accustomed Osbert set Donald with his nobles at libertie sending them home togither with the Ambassadors being earnestly required so to doe both by the English Lordes and also by the Britaynes The agreement being thus made Landes deuided betwixt the Britains English men the landes were deuided betwixt the English men and Britaynes in suche sort as the Brytaynes had for theyr parts all that which lyeth from Sterling vnto the West sea betwixt the Ryuers of Forth and Clyde vnto Cumberlande and the English men possessed the other parcels lying from Starling vnto the East sea betwixt the Scottish sea and Northumberlande so that by this meanes Clyde water Forth and the Scottish sea where Forth runneth into the maine sea deuided the Scottes from the English men and Brytaynes And thus was the towne of Sterling common marche vnto those three people the same towne with the Castell remayning vnto Osbert as it was couenaÌ„ted amoÌ„gst other articles of this peace Here as the Scottes wryters haue he ordeyned his mynt and his coyners of money to inhabite wherevpon came vp the name of Sterling money but therein they are deceyued for as in the hystorie of England shall appeare that name came not in vse till many yeares after A bridge of stone made at Sterling Osbert also in this place caused a stone bridge to be made ouer the water of Forth in stead of the woodden bridge which the Picts had made there and was now pulled downe and in the midst of this new stone bridge he set vp a crosse whereon were grauen these verses Anglos à Scotis separat crux ista remotis Arma hic staÌ„t Bruti stant Scots hac sub cruce tuti In Scottish thus I am free march as passengers may ken Balantine To Scots to Brytons and to English men The picts hope is deceiued The Pictes which had bene with the English men in this iourney euer hoping to be restored to their landes and former possessions by Osbert when they sawe how he reteyned the same in his owne handes appoynting his subiectes to inhabite therein they doubted that which afterwards came to passe in deede least the Englishe men of friendes woulde nowe become enimies seeking the destruction of the whole Pictishe generation thereby to assure themselues in the possession of those landes and liuings wherevnto the Picts as they thought would euer make some clayme and tytle whilest any of them remayned aliue Vpon this mistrust therfore did those Pictes which were amongst the English men make the best shift they coulde for themselues so that many of them got shippes The picts were into Norwaye and Denmark and sayled into Norway Denmark vnto
Rothes the Prior of Saint Andrewes the Lord Ruthuen the Maister of Lindsey and diuers other hauing with them no greate number Certaine frenchmenne slaine but yet they daylye skirmished with the Frenchmen and would not suffer them to come from the Seasyde where diuers Frenchmenne were slayne and one of their Captaynes with thirtie of his Souldiers and few Scottishmen or in manner none excepte that the Earle of Southerland who chanced to be with them at the pricking was sore hurt in the arme with the dredge of a calliuer shot As the Frenchmen were in their progresse at the mouth of the water of Leuin in Fiffe there arriued in their sight a nauie of Shippes which at the first kenning they tooke to be frēch Shippes but shortly after perceyuing them to be the English nauie they returned with greate diligence to Brunt Iland The Towne Burnt Ilande is fortified where they past the ferrie of Kingcorne in boates and crayers to Leith and instantly beganne to fortifie that Towne casting greate trenches about it and making great blockhouses for their defēce The English Shippes came to the roade of Lieth An Englishe nauye where they cast ancars the _____ day of Ianuary The Queene Regente sente vnto the Vice Admirall of that fleete named Maister Winter requiring to knowe of him for what cause hee was come into those waters who aunswered that he had bin abrode on the Seas seeking after Pirates and in case anye of them came thither hee was arriued there in the Forthe to waite on them where the principall cause indeede was to impeache that no Frenchman shoulde lande there in case any came forthe of Fraunce and also to keepe thē that lay in Inskeith from vittayles and that no Frenchman should passe by Sea forth of Leith A Scottes Herrault sente to the Duke of Norffolke Aboute the same time the Queene Regent hearing that the Duke of Norffolke was come to Newecastell as generall Lieutenaunt of the Northe sente an Herrault with a letter to him in whiche letter it was signified that the Herrault had credite to declare further matter than was conteyned in the same letter but when hee was demaunded what hee had to saye he denyed to haue anye credit at all wherevpon William Flower then Chester Herraulte An English Herrault sente to the Queene of Scottes and now Norrey Kyng of Armes was sente vnto the Queene who commyng to Holy Roode house neare to Edinburgh was receyued by sundry Herraultes and so was had to one of theyr houses and there kepte for that nyght The nexte daye after hee had dyned he was brought to the Court and at his entryng within the gates there were a number of Harquebusiers readye wyth their peeces that dischardged and shot off the same At hys commyng to the presence of the Queene hee with duetifull obeysaunce deliuered his letters and after the same had bin redde he was demaunded what credit he had to vtter whervpon he declared that the Duke of Norffolke being the Queenes Maiesties liuetenaunt in the Northe partes of Englande marueyled greately that she woulde send an Herrault with letters and write therein howe shee had giuen credite to hym and yet when he was demaunded to vtter his credite hee shoulde confesse that he had none The Queene heerewith called for the Herrault to vnderstande whether he had credite or not who denyed to haue had any at all wherewith the Queene seemed to be somewhat abashed but neuerthelesse she brake forth and sayd that she maruelled greately that the Queene of Englande shoulde send hir shippes into hir Riuer without giuing hir knowledge aforehand Chester aunswered thereto that where it was certaynely knowen that the French King had prepared to send a power of men of Warre into Scotlande without aduertising hir thereof shee coulde not but thinke that dealing verye strāge therfore had in very deede sent certaine of hir Shippes with vittayles for prouision to be laid within hir Townes and Castels on the fronters the whiche Shippes by tempest beeing dispersed mighte happily be driuen into the riuer there albeit hee hadde not spoke with any of them since their comming forthe but yet as hee had hearde by others they had bin very vncurteously vsed for comming in after that manner for succour the Canon had bin bent against them Herewith the Counte Martigues standyng by Martigues a forwarde captaine but an vntrew prophet beganne to speake very stowte words vnto Chester alledging that where it was perceyued well enoughe that the Queene of Englande mente to make warre againste his Maister the Frenche Kyng hee trusted shee shoulde gaine as little thereby as his sister had done in breaking with hir father Henry the late French King Chester heerevnto aunswered that hee thought to haue found but one regent in Scotland to whome he should neede to make aunswere wherevpon Martigues was commaunded to silente All this while the Queene had talked with Chester in the Scottishe tong and bycause hee did not so well vnderstande hir hee beganne to speake in the French language whereat the Q. seemed greately to reioyce and beganne agayne to discourse with hym of hir griefes he on the other part made hir aunswer as fell to purpose and at length when hee was demaunded what further credite he hadde he declared that where she hadde requested a safeconduct for Monsieur la Brosse to passe through Englād into Frāce if shee woulde see hym safely conueyd to Berwike he durst assure hir of a sufficient safeconduct for his safe passage through the Queene his mistres Realme but at length there was another Gentleman commended to him in lieu of La Brosse that was his Cousin And nowe when Chester should take his leaue he declared that he had not bin courteously dealte with for sithence his comming thither hee coulde not bee suffered to passe anye where abrode out of hys Chamber but at meale times and therefore if any of hir messengers should chance to come into the Queene his mistresse dominions hee would procure if he might that they shoulde tast of the like enterteynement but the Queene seemed not to vnderstande that he had bin in anye wise so hardly dealt with shewing that she was not well contented therewith and so Chester tooke his leaue and returned backe into England without any reward for his paynes taken in that iourney at the handes of the Scottish Queene howsoeuer she liked of his message The lord Grey 〈◊〉 vnto the Queene The Lord Grey being in Muskelburgh sent to the Queene Regente that lay as then in the Castell of Edenburgh desiring an abstinence of warre for foure and twenty houres that in the meane time he might sende some of his Counsell to declare vnto hir the cause of his comming with that army and to cōmune of suche things as might slaunch the shedding of bloud The Queene graunted heerevnto and sent an Herrault to Leith to cause the said assurance to bee taken but ere he came
possyble diligence In the meane time whiles the Queene was preparyng to take hir iourney and to come into Scotlande the Queene of Englande set foorth some of hir greate shippes to the seas to watche and garde the coastes of hyr Realme Shippes wai◅e in the narrowe Seas Wherof they beyng aduertised in Fraunce sent the Abbot of S. Colmes Inche to the Queene of Englande to desire of hir a safeconduit A safeconduit required in case by winde or tempest shee chaunced to land in Englande but before hee was retourned to Calais therewyth as hee was appoynted the Queene and hir retinue were safely landed in Scotlande neuerthelesse Certain Ships taken the English shippes tooke some of the Scottish Lords as the Earle of Eglenton his shippe and others whiche were brought into Englande and stayed for a tyme but were after releassed and sente home into Scotland The Queene also by the aduise of the King of Fraunce Monsieur Doysell sente Monsieur Doysell into England to passe through the same into Scotland before hir comming there to haue receyued the fortes of Dunbar and Inskeith of Monsieur Charleboys and to haue kepte the same till hir comming but he was stayed and passed no further than to London for it was thoughte that his going into Scotlande woulde turne to no great benefite of that Realme bycause that hee and Monsieur Rubey were the principall authours of all the troubles in Scotlande betwixte the Queene Regente and the nobilitie there The Queene was companyed vnto Calais She was attended on from Paris vnto Calais with many noble menne namely hir syxe Vncles the Dukes of Guise and Daumale the Cardinals of Lorayne and Guyse the Grand Priour and y e Marques Dalbeuf also y e Duke de Nemours and other of hir friends and kinsmen She taketh hir iourney towards Scotlād There were two Galleys prepared and certaine other Shippes to goe with hir into Scotland and there went with hir three of hir sayde Vncles the Duke Daumale the Graund Priour and the Marques Dalbeuf also Monsieur Danuille the Connestables sonne and dyuers other The Queene arriued at Leith Shee arriued at Leith the twentith daye of August in the yeare of our Lord .1561 where she was honorably receyued by the Earle of Argile the Lorde Erskin the Prior of Saint Andrewes and of the burgesses of Edenburgh and conueyghed to the Abbey of Holy Roode house Costly iewels She brought with hir into Scotland many rich and costly iewelles of gold worke precious stones orient pearle and such like as excellente and faire as were to bee found within Europe with riche furniture of housholde as hangings carpets counterpointes and al other necessaries for the furnishing of hir princely houses Hir houshold stuff The chiefest parte of the hangings and other furniture of housholde was shipped at Roane and arriued at Leith in the moneth of October next following After the Queene of Scottes had remayned the space of foure or fiue dayes at Holy Roode house the Duke of Chatellereault the Earle of Argile An acte made concerning Religion and diuers other of the nobilitie beeyng present there was an acte made by the Lords of the Counsell with consent of the Queene that to remoue all causes of trouble in time to come for the matter of Religion it was ordeined that no alteration of the estate of Religion publikely standing within the Realme at hir arriuall in the same shoulde bee made and that nothing shoulde bee attempted eyther publikely or priuately to the contrary vpon great payne which was set forth and published through all partes of the Realme with great diligence Some appointed to be of the Queenes Counsell After this there were eleuen temporal Lords and one Bishop chosen to be of the Queenes secret counsell by whose aduice shee shoulde rule and gouerne things sixe of them to remayne continully with hir Secretary Comptroller Lords of the priuie Counsel in roomth of officers as the Secretary Comptroller and others The Lordes of the priuie Counsell were these the Duke of Chatellereault the Earle of Huntley Chancellor the Earle of Argile the Earle of Atholl the Earle Marshall the Earle of Glencarne the Earle of Morton the Erle of Montrose the Earle of Errol Maister Henrye Sinclar Bishoppe of Rosse and the Lorde Erskin The Duke Daumalle Daumall w◅ with the two Galleys into Fraunce after he had remayned with the Queene a certayne time tooke leaue of hir and with the Galleys returned into France The Graunde Priour The rest we◅ through England into France and Monsieur Danuille tarried somewhat longer and past through England into France The Marquesse Daulbeuf tarried in Scotlande all the nexte Winter till the spring of the yeare and then returned into France through England The Towne of Edenburgh prepared greate and costly triumphes for the Queenes entring whiche shee made into that Towne the day of September A preparatio◅ of triumphes After this she passed vnto Striueling The Queene visited the Townes and from thence to Perth and then to Dundee and after to Sainte Andrewes into which townes shee was receyued with greate honor and triumph From Saint Andrewes shee returned vnto Edenburgh where shee remayned all the nexte Winter In December An assemble of the Lords there was a great assemble of all the principall Lords Spirituall and temporall of the Realme where it was demaunded of the Prelates to graunte the third part of the fruites of their benefices to y e Queene The thirde part of the Spirituall liuings demaunded towards the bearing of hir charges for the maintenance of hir trayne and to susteyne the Ministers tyll some order were taken to maynteyne hir housholde and a garde to attende on hir by the aduise of the estates The Prelates agreed for the Queenes pleasure to supporte hir with the fourth parte of the fruites of their benefices for one yeares space only to help to beare hir charges and to susteine hir garde and in the meane time order myghte bee taken by the aduise of the whole estates for the same But notwithstanding the refusall of the Prelates to pay the third part the Lords of the priuie Counsell made an acte An acte for the Cleargy and set forth letters that all the Prelates and beneficed menne should be charged to pay yeerely to y e Queenes Comptroller and his Collector the hole thirds of all fruites of their benefices and that it should be lawfull to the Controller and his deputies to take the thirde of what parte of euerye benefice where he best pleased and to deale therewith at his pleasure Also to haue to doe with the rentes of Brotherhoodes of common Churches and such like This order hathe bin deserued euer sithence not without greate grudge of the Prelates and other beneficed menne of the Realme and theyr friends as well those that professed the reformed Religion as others 1562 Iames Steward ◅e Earle of ◅rey The
This Earle of good meaning Pierce Butler and Margaret Fitz Girald espoused to vnite the houses in friendship matched his sister Margaret Fitz Giralde with Pierce Butler Earle of Ossorie whome he also help to recouer y e Erledome of Ormond into the which after the deceasse of the Earle Iames a Basterde Butler had by abatement intruded Greate and manifolde were the miseries the Lady Margaret susteyned hir husband Pierce Butler beeing so egrely pursued by the vsurper as hee durst not beare vp head but was forced to houer and lurke in Wooddes and Forrestes The noble woman being great with childe and vppon necessitie constreyned to vse a spare dyet for hir onely sustenaunce was milke she longed sore for wine and calling hyr Lorde and a trusty seruaunte of hys Iames White Iames White vnto hir shee requested them both to helpe hyr to some Wyne for shee was not able any longer to endure so streight a life Truely Margaret quoth the Earle of Ossorie thou shalt haue store of Wine within thys foure and twentie houres or else thou shalte feede alone on milke for me The nexte daye following Pierce hauyng intelligence that hys enimie the bace Butler woulde haue trauayled from Donmore to Kilkennie notwithstanding hee were accompanyed with syxe horsemenne yet Pierce hauyng none but hys Lackey did forstalle hym in the way and with a couragious charge The Basterde Butler slayne◅ gored the Basterd through with his speare Thys prosperous calme succeeding the former boysterous storme the Lady Margaret began to take hearte hir naturall stoutenesse floted as well by the remembraunce of hir noble birth as by the intelligence of hir honorable match Kildare all this while kept in authoritie notwithstanding the pushes giuen againste him by secrete heauers that enuyed his fortune and sought to nourish the olde grudge was at lēgth by their priuie packing Kildare sent for into England fetched vp to the Court of Englande by commission and caused hym to bee examined vppon dyuers interrogatories touching the affayres of Irelande Maurice Fitz Thomas Lord Iustice Hee left in hys roomth Maurice Fitz Thomas of Lackragh Lorde Iustice and shortly after came ouer Lorde Lieutenaunt Thomas Howarde Earle of Surrey who was after Duke of Northfolke Surrey Lord Lieutenant of Irelande 1521 Grandfather to the last Duke accompanyed with two hundred yeomen of the Crowne before whome shortly after his repaire thither there was a Parliamente holden at Dublin A Parliamente holden at Dublin in whiche there past an acte that al wilful burning of corne as wel in reekes in the fields as in Villages and Townes shuld be high treason Item an acte agaynste lodyng wolles and floxe vppon payne of forfayture of the double value of the same the one halfe to the Kyng and the other halfe to him that will sue therefore Item that any person seised of lands rentes or tenementes in possession or in vse vnto the yerely value of tenne markes aboue the charges in fee simple fee tayle or for tearme of lyfe copy holde or aunciente demeane shall passe in euery attaint While the Lord Lieutenante sate at dynner in the Castle of Dublin The Moores in Rebellion hee hearde newes that the Moores with a mayne army were euen at the entrie of the bordures readye to inuade the English pale Immediately menne were leuyed by Iohn Fitz Simons Iohn Fitz Simons then Maior of Dublin and the nexte morrowe ioyning them to his hande the Lieutenant marched towardes the Frontiers of Leixe The Moores vppon the Lieutenant hys approche seuered themselues into sundry companies and vnderstandyng that the carriage was dragging after the army and slenderly māned certayne of them charged the Lieutenante hys seruauntes and suche of the Citizens as were appoynted to guarde the carriage Patricke Fitz Simons a strong sturdy yonker Patricke Fitz Simons kept the enimies such tacke as he seazed part of them away rescued the carriage slewe two of the Rebelles and broughte their heads wyth him to maister Maior his tent The next morning two of the Lieutenaunte his men that slunke away from Fitz Simons thinking that the carriage had bin lost aduertised their Lorde that Fitz Simons fledde away and the Moores were so many in companie as it had bin but folly for two to bicker with so great a number The Lieutenante posted in a rage to the Maior his pauilion telling hym that his man Fitz Simons was a cowardly Traytor in rūning away when hee shoulde haue defended the carriage What am I my Lord quoth Patricke Fitz Simons skipping in his shirt out of the tente with both the heads in his hand My Lorde I am no cowarde I stoode to my tacklings when your men gaue me the slippe I rescued the carriage and haue heere sufficiente tokens of my manhoode tumbling downe both the heads Saist thou so Fitz Simons quoth the Lieutenant I crie thee mercie and by this George A valiant wish I woulde to God it had bin my good bap ▪ to haue bin in thy companie in that skirmish So drinking to Fitz Simons in a bolle of wine and honorably rewarding him for his good seruice he returned to his pauiliō where hauing knowledge of Omore his recule he pursued him with a troupe of horsemen The Lieutenant thus passing forward The Earle of Surrey in daunger to haue bin slai◅ was espyed by a gunner of Omores who lodged close in a woodde side and watching hys time hee discharged his peece at the verye face of the Lieutenante strake the viser off hys helmet and pierced no further as God would This did he retchlesse in manner what became of himselfe so hee might amaze the armye for a time and surely hereby he brake the swiftnes of their following and aduantaged the flight of his Captaine which thing hee wanne with the price of his owne bloud For the Souldyers would no further till they hadde ransackt all the nookes of thys woodde verily suspecting some ambush thereabout and in seueral knottes ferretted out thys gunner Fitz Williams Bedlowe whome Fitz Williams and Bedlowe of the Roche were fayne to mangle and hew in peeces bycause the wretche would neuer yeelde In the meane whyle 1523 Surrey sent for home defyance was proclaymed with Fraunce and Scotlande both at once whiche moued the Kyng to call home Surrey out of Irelande that hee myghte employ hym in those warres Hys prowesse integritie good nature and course of gouernement the Countrey muche commended Piers Butler Earle of Ossory Piers Butler Earle of Ossorie Lord Deputie was appoynted Lorde Deputie In the meane time Kildare attending the King his pleasure for his dispatche recouered fauoure through the instance of the Marques Dorset whose daughter dame Elizabeth Grey he espoused and so departed home 1524 Robert Talbot of Belgard Now was partaker of all y e Deputies counsell one Roberte Talbot of Belgarde whome the Giraldines deadly hated him they procured to keepe a Kalender of all
of them so that those that should afterwardes enioy them shoulde acknowledge themselues to holde them of him in yeelding an yerely rent to him and his successors for euer with certayne other prouisions whereby in cases of forfeyture the same landes shoulde returne to him and hys sayde successors agayne The like order he appoynted to bee vsed by other possessors of lands in letting them foorth to their Tenauntes Hee ordeyned also that y e Tearmes should be kept four times in the yere in suche places as he should nominate and that the Iudges should sit in their seuerall places to iudge and decide causes and matters in controuersie betwixte partie and partie in manner as is vsed vnto thys day Hee decreed moreouer that there shoulde bee Sherifes in euery shire and Iustices of the peace to keepe the countreys in good quiet and to see offendors punished Furthermore hee instituted the Court of the Excheker The Excheker and the officers belōging to the same as the Barons the Clearkes The Chancerie and such other also y e high Court of the Chancerie And after he had in this wise ordeyned his Magistrates and Ministers of the lawes hee lastly tooke order what ordināces he would haue obserued and therevpon abrogating in manner all the aunciente lawes vsed in times past and instituted by the former Kyngs for the good order and quietnesse of the people he made new New lawes nothing so equall or easie to bee kept the whiche neuerthelesse those that came after not withoute theyr greate harme were constreyned to obserue as though it had bin an high offence against God to abolishe those euill lawes which King William being a Prince nothing friēdly to the English nation had firste ordeyned and to bring in other more easie and tollerable ▪ neyther can I in this place omitte to giue a note of that whiche may seeme to such as do indifferently consider of things a greate absurditie videlicet that those lawes whiche touched all men and ought to bee knowen of all men were notwithstanding written in the Norman tong The lawes were written in the Normā tong which the Englishmen vnderstood not so that euen at the beginning you should haue great numbers partly by the iniquitie of the lawes and partly by ignorance in misconstruing the same to bee wrongfully condemned some to deathe and some in the forfeyture of their goodes other were so ent◅ngled in sutes and causes that by no meanes they knew how to get out but continually were tossed as a post to ◅ler in suche wise that in their mindes they cured the tyme that euer these vnequall lawes were made The manner for the trial of causes in controuersie was deuised in such sort as is yet vsed Matters to be tried by a iurie of .12 mē Twelue aunciēt men but most commonly vnlearned in the lawes beeing of the same Countie where the sute lay were appoynted by y e Iudges to goe togither into some close chamber where they should bee shut vp till vpon diligent examination of the matter they shoulde agree vpon the condemnation or acquiting of the prisoner if it were in criminall causes or vppon the deciding in whom the right remayned if it were vpō triall of things in controuersie and when they were once agreed these .12 men as it were the .12 Apostles y t in the nūber yet some respect of religion euen wise appere came in before the iudges declaring what they had agred vpon which done the iudges opened it to y e offēdors or sutors and withall they pronounced them according as the qualitie of y e cause did inforce and require Thus at the firste were the twelue men appoynted and the same order is still obserued in matters of controuersie vnto this day their iudgemente also or consent is called a verdict that is to saye a true saying but I woulde to God that name myghte rightly and with good cause be euer applyed therto that men mighte haue their causes iustly adiudged rather than preiudiced by the verdictes of suche freeholders as are accustomed to serue the Prince and their Countreys at assises and Sessions There may happily be as Polidor Vergill sayth that will mayneteyne how this manner of proceeding in the administration of iustice by the voyces of a Iurie was in vse before the Conqueroures dayes but they are not able so to prooue it by any auntient recordes of writers as he thynketh albeit by some of our histories they shoulde seeme to bee firste ordeyned by Ethelred or Egelred But this is most true that the Norman Kings themselues would confesse that the lawes deuised and made by the Conqueroure were not most equall in so muche that William Rufus and Henry the sonnes of the Conquerour would at all times whē they sought to purchase the peoples fauor promise to abolish the lawes ordeyned by theyr father and establishe other more equall and to restore those whiche were vsed by Kyng Edwardes dayes The lyke kynde of purchasing fauoure was vsed by King Stephen and other Kings that followed him But their meaning was so far to the contrary that their deedes declared theyr dissimulatiō so that many of those Norman lawes remayne in force euen vnto these dayes The cause as some thinke is for that they make more to the Princes behoofe than to the commoditie of the people But now to the matter King William after hee hadde made these ordinances to keepe the people in order hee set his minde to enriche his cofers and therevppō he first appoynted a tribute to be leuied of the cōmons then hee caused the Abbeyes to be searched Math. Paris Mat. VVest VVil. Malm. VVi. Thorne Abbeys searched Polidor Simon Dun. and all suche money as any of the Englishmen hadde layde vp in the same to bee kepte and likewise their charters of priuileges made to them by the Saxon Kyngs of the lande hee seased into hys handes and spared not so muche as the iewels and plate dedicate to sacred vses And all this did hee as some write by counsell of the Earle of Hertford The first for that hee had wrongfully holden that Bishopricke whilest the Archbishop Roberte was liuing Secondly for that hee kepte also the See of Winchester in his handes after his inuestiture vnto Canterbury whiche hee ought not to haue done The cause why Thomas was depriued if the writers dissemble not though to mee it seeme vnlikely was for that hee had holpen Duke William toward his iourney into England when hee came to conquer it for the which pleasure to him then shewed the Duke promised hym a Byshopricke if euer hee obteyned the victory of the Englishe the other for that he was a Priestes sonne Furthermore when the Pope vnderstoode the full ground of their contention for the primacie of the two Sees Canterbury and Yorke VVil. Malm. and had heard what could be alledged on both sydes he remitted the determination thereof to the Kyng and Byshops of England that by
against certayne of them that were his roâ—… sins as the Earle of Pembroke and others Finally when the Lordes were in doubte which way to worke for their owne safeties they caused the Parliament to be proroged The 〈…〉 till y e 〈◊〉 of Saint Barnabe then to begin againe at Oxforde In the meane time the Lords of the Realme as the Earles of Gloucester Leicester Hereforde and Northfolke with other did confederate theÌ„selues togither bycause they stoode in feare to bee entrapped by the Kings subtile sleightes and by the craftie wiles of those straungers which he reteyned against them The same yere by y e wind which continually certayne monethes togyther kept Northerly the floures with other growing things were so hindered that vnneth they appeared to any purpose A 〈◊〉 till y e most parte of Iune was past wherevpon the hope of receyuing the frutes of the earth was quite taken away A deâ—… accoâ—… with 〈◊〉 and so vppon the great dearth that happened a sore deathe and mortalitie followed for want of necessary foode to susteyne the languishing bodyes of the poore people They dyed so thicke that there were greate pittes made in Churchyardes to lay the dead bodies in one vpon an other About the feast of the Ascention Seâ—…l 〈◊〉 of Yâ—… pâ—…lâ—…e Seuall the Archbyshop of Yorke departed this life the which constantly had resisted the tyrannie of the Court of Rome in defence of his Churche suffering in this world many greeuous tribulatioÌ„s but now was remoued from thence vnto the Kingdome of Heauen Mat. 〈◊〉 to be Crowned with the elect for hys good deseruings as was then certainely belieued About this time also a great number of Poictouins were come into Englande by reason of their aliance and cosynage to the King the whiche by the Kings fauour being highly aduaunced began to waxe proude thereof and to require to be restored vnto such lands and liuings as beforetime they had possessed The Kâ—… halfe 〈◊〉 Namely the Kyngs halfe breethren Athelmare or Odomare that was a Priest with William Geffrey and Guy these were the sonnes of Hugh le Brun Earle of Marche by his wife Queene Isabell the mother of Kyng Henry and being come into England shewed themselues very loftie and high minded partly bycause of the Cousinage to the Kyng and partly by reason of his courteous entertaining of them in so muche that they forgetting themselues began to despise vpon a presumptuous pride the English Nobilitie looking still for prefermente of honor aboue all other And surely Odomare obteyned at the firste a great peece of his purpose beeyng made by the Kyngs gifte Byshoppe of Winchester and by that meanes bare a stout porte and greately holpe his other brethren The English Barons not well able to suffer such presumption in straungers who seemed to haue them in derision compleyned to the Kyng in so much that at length as well for a reformation heereof as in other things a Parliamente was called as before yee haue hearde fyrste at London and after reiorned â–ª to Oxeforde there to be assembled about the feast of Saint Barnabie in the moneth of Iune This of some writers is named Insanum Parliamentum â—…sanum â—…rliamentuÌ„ that is to say the madde Parliamente for at this Parliamente to the whiche the Lords came with great retinues of armed men for the better safegarde of their persons manye things in the same were enacted contrary to the Kings pleasure and his royall prerogatiue For the Lords at the firste determined to demaunde the confirmation of the auntient charter of liberties which his father Kyng Iohn had graunted and hee himselfe had so often promised to obserue and maynteyne signifying playnely that they meant to pursue their purpose and intent herein not sparing eyther for losse of life â—…e demaund the Lordes lands or goods according to that they had mutually giuen theyr faythes by ioyning of handes as the manner in such cases is accustomed Besides the graunt of the greate charter they required other things necessary for the state of the common wealthe to bee established and enacted â—…dinances â—…de It was therefore fyrste enacted that all the Poictouins should auoide the land togither with other straungers and that neyther the King nor his sonne Prince Edwarde shoulde in anye secrete manner ayde them agaynste the people â—…oth exacâ—… of the K. Moreouer that the Kyng and hys sonne should receyue an othe to stande vnto the decrees and ordinances of that Parliament and withall speede to restore the auntient lawes and institutions of ther Realme whyche they both did rather constreyned therevnto by feare than of any good will â—…nd so not only the Kyng himselfe but also his sonne Prince Edwarde râ—…d an oth to obserue the ordinances of that ParliameÌ„t But Iohn Earle Warren â–ª and the Kyngs halfe breethren namely the Earle of Pembroke refused that othe and likewise the Lord Henry sonne to the Kyng of Almayne excused himselfe by his fathers absence without whose consent he would not receyue it vnto whome thys aunswere was made that if his father would not consente to the agreemente of the Baronage hee shoulde not possesse one fourrough of lande within thys Realme Also whereas the Earle of Leicester resigned the Casâ—…s of Kenelworth and Odiham into the Kyngs handes the which he had lately receiued by his gifte and newly repaired them the Earle of Pembroke and his other brethreÌ„ sware deepely that they woulde for no mans pleasure giue ouer suche Castels rentes and Wardships of theirs as they had of the Kyngs gift The Earle of Leicester threatneth the Earle of Pembroke but the Earle of Leicester tolde the Earle of Pembroke flatly and playnely that he shoulde eyther render them vp or else he shoulde be sure to lose his head â–ª and thys saying was confyrmed by the generall voyces of all other the Barons bycause it was a speciall article concluded amongst other in that Parliament The Kings halfe breethren The Kings halfe brethren shift away perceyuing which way the worlde wente stoode in doubt of themselues and secretely therevpon departed froÌ„ Oxforde and firste withdrewe vnto Winchester â–ª where Odomare one of the same breethren was Bishop through whose support and by reason of the strength of such Castels as he held they trusted to be in more safetie but finally perceyuing themselues not to be so out of daunger sith the Barons minded to pursue them about the eightenth day of Iuly They departe the Realme they departed the Realme with a greate number of other of their countreymen and amoÌ„gst those William de Saint Heeman the Kyngs karuer was one Richard Gray Captayne of Douer Castell and Lorde warden of the portes In the meane while one Richard Gray Chateillayne of Douer Castell a right valiant man and a faithfull suffred no man to passe that ways vnsearched according to that which he hadde in commaundement wherevppon he tooke and seased into his
a chayre at the tyme of their Coronation whyche Kyng Edwarde caused nowe to be transferred to Westminster and there placed to serue for a Chayre for the Priest to sit in at the Aulter The Kyng comming to Berwike called thither vnto a Parliament all the Nobles of Scotlande and there receiued of them their homages The 〈◊〉 of Scoâ—… feâ—…â—…selues 〈◊〉 King the whyche in perpetuall witnesse of the thyng made letters patents thereof written in French and sealed with their seales as the tenor him followeth A Touz ceux que cestes lettres verront uront c. TO all those that these present letters shall see or heare we Iohn Comin of Badenaw The iâ—…meâ—… of 〈◊〉 homâ—… the lanâ—… Scotlandâ—… K. Eâ—… c. Bycause that wee at the faithe and will of the most noble Prince and our dearest Lorde Edwarde by the grace of God Kyng of England Lorde of Irelande and Duke of Aquitaine doe vowe and promise for vs and our heires vppon payne of body and goodes and of all that wee may haue that wee shall serue him well and truly against all men whiche maye liue and die at all tymes when we shall bee required or warned by our said Lord the Kyng of Englande or hys heires and that wee shall not know of any hurte to bee done to them but the same wee shall lette and impeach with all our power and giue them warning thereof and those things to holde and keepe wee binde vs our heires and al our goodes and further receyue an oth thereof vpon the holy Euangelistes and after all wee and euery of vs haue done homage vnto oure soueraigne Lorde the King of Englande in wordes as followeth I become your liegeman of life members The sâ—… their lâ—… and earthly honor against all men which maye lyue and die And the same oure soueraigne Lorde the King receyued this homage vnder thys forme of wordes The 〈◊〉 King 〈◊〉 accepâ—… We receyue it for the land of the whiche you bee nowe seased the righte of vs or other saued and excepte the landes whiche Iohn Ballioll sometime Kyng of Scotland graunted vnto vs after that we did deliuer vnto him y e kingdome of Scotlande if happely hee hathe giuen to you any suche landes Moreouer all wee and euery of vs by hymselfe haue done fealtie to oure saide soueraigne Lord the Kyng in these wordes I as a faythfull and liege man shall keepe faith and loyaltie vnto Edward Kyng of England and to his heires of life member and earthly honor againste all men whiche may liue and die and shall neuer for anye person beare armour nor shall be of councell nor in ayde with anye person againste hym or hys heyres in any case that maye chaunce but shall faithfully acknowledge and doe the seruice that belongeth to the tenementes the which I claime to holde of hym as God me helpe and all hys Saintes I witnesse whereof these letters pattentes are made and sygned with our seales Yeuen at Warke the foure and twentith of Marche in the yeare of the reigne of oure sayde Lord the Kyng of Englande â—…ficers apâ—…ynted in â—…tlande by â—…ng Iohn Then was Iohn Warren Earle of Surrey and Sussex made by Kyng Edward warden of Scotlande Hugh Cressingham Threaforer and William Ormesdy high Iustice whome the King commaunded that hee shoulde call all those before him whyche helde any landes of the Crowne and to reteyne oâ—… them in hys name theyr homages and fealties Iohn Ballioll the late Kyng of Scotlande was sent to London Iohn Ballioll sent to London and had a conâ—…nt company of seruauntes appoynted to aâ—…de hym hauyng licence to goe anye whether abroade to that hee kepte hym selfe wâ—…hâ—… the 〈◊〉 of twentie miles neere to London Iohn Câ—… of Badenaw and Iohn Edmni of Lowan and diuers otheâ—… nobles of Scotlande were brought into Englande on the South side of Ticut being warned vpoÌ„ payne of death not to returne into Scotlande till the King â—…d made an ende of his warres with Fraunce The Cleargie by reason of a coÌ„stitution ordeyned and constituted the same yeare by Pope Boniface â—…e pretenâ—… excuse of 〈◊〉 Cleargie prohibiting vpon payne of excommunication that no â—…asages nor other exactions should beleiued or exalted of the Cleargie in any manner of wise by secular Princes or to be paid to them of things that perteyned to the Church vtterly refused to graunte any manner of ayde to the King towardes the manie gâ—…aunce of hys warres Wherevppon the Kyng to the intent they shoulde haue tyme to study for a better aunswer deferred the matter to an other Parliamente to bee holden on the morrowe after the feast of Saint Hillarie This yeare after the feast of the Epiphany An. reg 25. 1297. The Earle of Holland married Elizabeth the kings daughter Elizabeth the Kings daughter was married vnto Iohn Earle of Holland Humfrey de Bohun Earle of Hereford and Essex was sente to conuey them into Hollande there to take possession of the Earledome as then discended vnto the said Iohn by the death of his father lately before slayne by his owne â—…usheâ—…s by cause he woulde haue disinherited this Iohn and made a bastarde sonne whiche hee hadde to be his heire The daye appoynted for the Parliamente to bee holden at London bring coâ—…e and the Cleargie continuing in their deâ—…an to graunt anye subsedy the King exluded them out of his protection for the redeeming whereof many by themselues and many by mediators did afterwardes giue vnto the King truth parte of all their goodes The Archbishop of Caunterbury being found stiffe in the matter the Kyng seased all his landes and commaunded all suche debtes as were founde of his in the rolles of the Exchequer to bee leuied with all speede of his goodes and cat-cattayle Abingdon The Archbyshoppe his wordes Some write that when the Archbishop of Caunterburie in name of all the residue hadde declared to them whome the Kyng had appoynted commissioners to receyue the aunswere that whereas they of the Cleargie hadde two soueraigne Lordes and gouernoures the one in spirituall matters and the other in temporall they ought yet rather to obey theyr Spirituall gouernoure than their Temporall Neuerthelesse to satisfye the Kynges pleasure they woulde of theyr owne charges sende to the Pope that by hys licence and permission they myghte graunte the Kyng some aide or else receyue some aunswere from hym what to doe therein for sayeth the Archbyshoppe wee beleeue that the Kyng feareth the sentence of excommunicatioÌ„ and would be as glad to auoyde it as we When the Commissioners hearde this aunswere they required that they woulde appoynte some of theyr owne company to beare this message vnto the Kyng for they durst not reporte it vnto hym which being done as the Commissioners had required the Kyng in his furie proceeded agaynste them in suche rigorous manner as yee haue hearde The declaration of the Lord chiefe Iustice in so muche that
to the Kings presence and to hym declared the causes of their commotion and rysing Tho. VVâ—… accusing a great number of their complices The king vsed one policie which muche imported to the discomforting of the aduersaries as Tho. Walling sayth For where as he gaue order that all the gates of London should be straightly kept and garded so as â—…one shuld come in nor out but such as were knowen to goe to the King the chiefest succour appoynted to come to the Captaynes of the rebels was by that meanes cutte off where otherwise surely if they had not bin thus preuented and stayed By 〈◊〉 excessâ—… number it may appeare that Walfing reporâ—…eth thys â—…et according to the coÌ„mon fame and not as one that searched oute an eâ—…quisite truth there had issued forth of London to haue ioyned with them to the number of fiftie thousande persons one and other seruauntes prentises and other Citizens confederate with them that were thus assembled in Ficket fielde Diuers also that came from sundry partes of the Realme hasting towardes the place to bee there at their appoynted time chanced to lyghte among the Kings men and being taken and demaunded whither they wente with suche speede they aunswered that they came to meete with their Captaine the Lord Cobhom but whether he came thither at all or made shifte for hymselfe to get away it doth not certainely appeare but he could not be hearde of at y e time as Thomas Wals counfesseth although the King by proclamation promised a thousand markes to him that could bring him forth with greate liberties to the Cities or Townes that woulde discouer where hee was by this it maye appeare howe greatly he was beloued that there could not one he found that for so great a reward would bring him to light Some saye that the occasion of their death was onely for the conueying of the Lord Cobham out of prison Others write that it was both for treason and heresie and so it appeareth by the recorde Certaine affirme that it was for feined causes surmised by the spiritualtie more vpon displeasure than truth and that they were assembled to heare their Preacher the foresayde Beuerley in that place there out of the way froÌ„ resort of people sith they might not come togyther openly about anye suche matter withoute daunger to bee apprehended as the manner is and hathe bin euer of the persecuted flocke when they are prohibited publiquely the exercise of the religioÌ„ But howsoeuer the matter weÌ„t with these men apprehended they were diuers of theÌ„ executed as before ye haue heard whether for rebellion or heresie or for both as the forme of the InditemeÌ„t importeth I nede not to spend many words sith other haue so largely treated thereof therfore I refer those that wish to be more fully satisfied herein vnto their discourses hauing for mine owne parte rather chosen to shewe what I finde recorded by Writers than to vse any censure to the preiudice of other mens iudgements and therefore to leane this matter and also the Lord Cobham eyther in Wales or else where closely hid for the time from king HeÌ„ries reach I will passe from him to speake of other things Whilest in the Lente season the Kyng laye at Kenilworth Fâ—…yton A disdainful ambassade there came to him froÌ„ Charles Dolphin of Fraunce the Frenche Kings eldest sonne certayne Ambassadors that broughte with them a barrell of Paris balles which they presented to hym for a token from their maister whiche presente was taken in verie ill parte as sent in scorne to signifie that it was more mete for the Kyng to passe the tyme with suche childish exercise than to attempte anye worthy exployte wherefore the Kyng wrote to hym that ere ought long hee woulde sende to hym some London balles that shoulde breake and batter downe the roofes of his houses about hys eares This yeare Thomas Arundell Archbyshop of Canterburie departed this life a stoute Prelate and an earnest maynteyner of the Religion then allowed by the Churche of Rome Henrye Chichellie Byshoppe of Saint Dauid was remoued Tho. VVal. and succeeded the same Arundell in the Sea of Canterburie and the Kyngs confessor Stephen Patrington a Carmelite Frier was made Byshoppe of Saint Dauid Henry Percye sonne to the Lord Henry Percie surnamed Hotespurre after his fathers deceasse that was slayne at Shrewesburie fielde was conueyed into Scotlande and there left by his Grandfather beeing then but a childe where euer sithence hee had remayned the Kyng therefore pitied his case and so procured for him that he came home Percy restored to the eridome of Northumberlande and was restored to all his lands and Earledome of Northumberlande whyche lands before had bin giuen to the Lorde Iohn the Kings brother An. reg 2. In the seconde yeare of his raigne Kyng Henry called his high Court of Parliament the last day of Aprill in the Towne of Leicester in the which Parliamente many profitable lawes were concluded and manye petitions moued were for that time deferred amongst whyche one was that a bill exhibited in the Parliament holden at Westminster in the eleuenth yeare of King Henry the fourth whiche by reason the Kyng was then troubled with ciuill discorde came to none effect might now with good deliberation be pondered and brought to some good conclusion A bill exhibited to the parliameÌ„t against the Clergie The effect of whiche supplication was that the temporall lands deuoutely giuen and disordinately spent by religious and other spirituall persons should be seased into y e kyngs hands sithence the same might suffise to mainteyne to the honor of the King and deâ—… the Realm fifteene Erles fifteene C. knightes sixe M. two C. Esquiers and a C. almes houses for reliefe onely of the poore impotente and needie persons and the King to haue 〈◊〉 his cofers twentie M. poundes with many rather prouisions and values of Religious houses which I passe ouer This bill was much 〈◊〉 and more feared among the Religious sorâ—… whome surely it touched very neere and therefore to find a remedie againste a mischiefe they determined to assay all wayes that might 〈◊〉 their purpose to put by and ouerthâ—… hys bill and in especiall they thoughte best câ—…e of they might replenish y e kings brayne 〈…〉 pleasant studie that he shoulde neyther 〈◊〉 nor regarde the serious petition of the importunate commons wherevpon one day as y e â—…ng was set in the Parliamente Chamber Henrye Chicheley Archbyshop of Caunterburie The Archebishoppe of Canterburye his Oratioâ—… in the ParliameÌ„t house made a pithie oration wherein hee declared howe 〈◊〉 onely the Duchies of Normandy Aqaitayne with the Counties of Anion and Musne and y e countrey of Gascoigne were by liueall distâ—… apperteyning to the King as lawfull 〈◊〉 inâ—…bitate heire of the same but that also the whole realme of France belonged to him by right as heire to his greate grandfather King Edwarde the third herewith he
Earle of Kente was appoynted about this time to keepe the Seas 1462 being accompanyed with the Lord Audeley the Lord Clinton Sir Iohn Howard Sir Richard Walgraue and other to the number of tenne thousand who landing in Britayne wanne the Towne of Conquet and the Isle of Keth and after returned When all things were brought in order An. reg 2. The Duke of Somerset and other submit them to King Edwarde and framed as Kyng Edwarde in manner coulde wishe Henrye Duke of Somerset Sir Raufe Percye and diuers other being in despaite of all good chance to happen vnto King Henrye came humbly and submitted themselues vnto Kyng Edward whome he gently receyued Shortly after Queene Margaret obteyned a great company of Scottes other of hir friēds and so bringing hir husbande with hir and leauing hir sonne called Prince Edward in the towne of Berwike Banborough Castell entred Northumberlande tooke the Castell of Banborough and stuffed it with Scottishmen and made thereof Captaine Sir Raufe Grey and came forwarde towarde the Bishopricke of Durham When the Duke of Somerset heard these newes The Duke of Somerset reuolteth hee without delay reuolted from King Edwarde and fledde to King Henry So likewise did Sir Raufe Percie and many other of the kings friēds but many moe followed King Henrye in hope to get by the spoyle for his army spoyled and brenned townes destroyed fields wheresoeuer he came King Edwarde aduertised of all these things prepared an army both by sea and land Some of hys Shippes were rigged and vittailed at Linue and some at Hull and well furnished with soldiers herewith were set forth to the sea Also the Lorde Montacute was sent into Northumberlande there to reyse the people to withstand his enimies And after this the King in his proper person acompanyed with his breethren and a greate parte of the nobilitie of hys Realme came to the Citie of Yorke furnished with a mightie army sending a great part therof to the ayde of the Lord Montacute least peraduenture he giuing too much confidence to the men of the Bishopricke and Northumberlande might through them be deceyued The Lorde Montacute The Lorde Montacute then hauing suche with him as hee might trust marched forth towards his enimies and by the way was encountred with the Lorde Hungerford the Lord Roos Sir Raufe Percy and diuers other Hegely More at a place called Hegely more where suddaynely the saide Lordes in manner without stroke striking fled and only sir Raufe Percy abode and was there manfully slayne Sir Raufe Percyeslaine with diuers other saying when he was dying I haue saued the bird in my bosome meaning that he had kept his promise and oth made to K. Hēry forgetting belike that hee in King Henries most necessitie abandoned hym and submitted him to king Edward as before you haue heard Beside these diuers other to the number of fiue and twentie were executed at Yorke and in other places Sir Humfrey Neuill and William Taylvoys calling hymselfe Earle of Kyme Sir Raufe Grey and Richard Tunstall with dyuers other which escaped from this battel hidde themselues in secrete places but yet they kepte not themselues so close but that they were espyed The earle of Kyme otherwise Angus beheaded and taken The Earle of Kyme was apprehended in Riddesdale and brought to Newcastell and there beheaded Sir Humfrey Neuill was taken in Holdernes and at Yorke lost his head After this battell called Exam field Kyng Edwarde came to the Citie of Duresme and sent from thence into Northumberland y e Erle of Warwike the Lord Montacute the Lordes Fawconbridge and Scrope to recouer suche Castels as his enimies there held and with force defended ◅e Castel besieged They first besieged the Castell of Alnowike whiche Sir Peers Bresse and the Frenchmen kepte Eight thousād hath ◅ar dyng and in no wise woulde yeelde sending for ayde to the Scottes wherevppon Sir George Douglas earle of Angus wyth thirteene thousande chosen men in the daye tyme came and rescued the Frenchmen out of the Castell the Englishmen looking on which thought it much better to haue the Castell without losse of theyr men than to leese both the Castell and theyr men considering the greate power of Scottes and their owne small number and so they entred the Castell and manned it After this they wanne the Castell of Dunstanborough by force and likewise the Castel of Bamborough Iohn Goys seruant to the Duke of Somerset being taken within Dunstanbourough was brought to Yorke and there beheaded and Syr Raufe Grey beeing taken in Bamborough for that he had sworne to be true to King Edward was disgraded of the high order of Knighthood at Doncaster by cutting off his gilt spurres rēting his coate of armes and breaking his sword ouer his head and finally he was there beheaded for his manifest periurie After this King Edwarde returned to Yorke where in despite of the Earle of Northumberlande whiche then kepte himselfe in the Realme of Scotland he created Sir Iohn Neuill Lorde Montacute Earle of Northumberlande and in reproofe of Iasper Earle of Pembroke he created William Lorde Herbert Earle of the same place but after when by mediation of friends the Earle of Northumberland was reconciled to his fauoure hee restored him to his possessions name and dignitie and preferred the Lord Montacute 1464 to the title of Marques Montacute so that in degree he was aboue his elder brother the Earle of Warwike but in power policie and possessiōs far meaner King Edwarde An. reg 4. though all things myghte seeme nowe to rest in good case yet hee was not negligent in making necessarie prouisiō against all attemptes of his aduersarie King Henrye and his partakers and therefore reysed Bulwarkes and buylded fortresses on eache side of his Realme where anye daunger was suspected for the landing of any armie He caused also espials to be laide vpon y e marches fore aneinst Scotlande that no person shoulde goe out of the Realme to King Henrie and his companie whiche then soiourned in Scotland But all the doubtes of trouble that might ensue by the meanes of K. Henries being at libertie were shortly taken away and ended for he himselfe whether he was past all feare or that he was not wel established in his w◅s and perfect minde or for that he could not long keepe himselfe secret in a disguised apparell boldly entred into England He was no sooner entred King Henry taken but he was knowen and taken of one Cantlow and brought toward the King whome the Earle of Warwike mette on the way by the kings commandement brought him through London to the Tower and there he was layde in sure hold Queene Margaret his wife hearing of the captiuitie of hir husband mistrusting the chance of hir sonne al desolate and comfortlesse departed out of Scotland sailed into France where she remayned with hir father Duke Reigner tyll she returned into Englande to
meet the king so they met betwixt both the hosts with so sweete salutations louing demeanor The brethâ—… meete louingly together good countenances as better might not bee deuised betwyxt brethren of so highe and noble estate and besydes that the lyke friendly entertainment and courteous demeanour appeared in the salutings of the other Noble men that were on them abundant whereof al such as sawe it and loued them greatly reioyced gyuing God thankes for that ioyfull meeting vnitie and concorde appearing thus manyfestly betwixte them and herewyth the Trumpettes and other Instrumentes sounded and the King withall brought the dâ—…e vnto his armie whom he saluting in most courteous wyse welcomed them into the lande and they humbly thanking him did to him such reuerence as apperteyned This done the K. leauing his host again keeping their ground w t the same few persons which he toke with him before went with his brother of Clarence vnto his armie and saluting theÌ„ with sweete courteous words was ioyfully of them welcomed and so after this they all came togyther ioyning in one and either part shewing theÌ„selues glad thus to meete as friends with the other they went louingly togither vnto Warwik with the king where and in the countrey thereaboutes they lodged as they thought stoode most with their case and safeties Herewith the Duke of Clarence desyrous aboue all things to procure some good and perfite accorde betwixte hys brother the King and the Erle of Warwike which should bring great quietnesse to the lande and delyuer the common wealth of many daungers that myght ensue by reason of suche numbers of partakers as well Lordes as other that were confederate with the Earle the sayde Duke treated with the Kyng present The Duke of Câ—…ce seeâ—… make peace betwixt â—…he Land the Eâ—… Warwik and sent messengers vnto Couentrie to the Earle moouing as well the one as the other most instantly to frame theyr mindes vnto a pacification The king at the instance of his brother was contented to offer large conditions and verie beneficiall for the Earle and his partakers if they woulde haue accepted them but the Earle whether vtterly dispayring of his owne safetie if hee shoulde agree to any peace or else happily for that he thought it stoode with his honour to stand vnto such promises and couenaunts as hee had made with the French King and with Queene Margaret hir son prince Edward vnto whom he was bounde by othe not to shrinke or swarue from the same he refused all maner of suche conditions as were offred Insomuch that when the Duke had sent to him both to excuse himselfe of the act whiche he had done and also to require him to take some good waye wyth King Edwarde nowe while he myght the Erle after hee had paciently hearde the Dukes message hee seemed greatlye to abhorre his vnfaythfull dealing in turning thus from hys confederates and alies contrarie to his othe and fidelitie To the messengers as some write hee gaue none other answere but this The erle of Warwicks anâ—…re to the Duke of Claâ—…ce message that he had leuer bee like himselfe than like a false and periured Duke and that he was fully determined neuer to leaue warre till he had either lost his own life or vtterly subdued his enimies As it was thought the Erle of Oxfords perswasion wanted not to make him the more stifly to hold out and rather to trie the vttermost hazard of war than to agree to acknowledge K. Edward for his lawfull soueraigne lord king Whervpon no appoyntment nor any agreement at all could be brought to passe so al that treaty which the duke of Clarence had procured brake off and tooke none effect There came to the Erle of Warwike whilest he lay thus at Couentrie beside the Erle of Oxford the duke of Exceter the Lorde Marques Montacute by whose comming that side was greatly strengthned the nuÌ„ber much encreased The K. vpon consideration hereof and perceiuing he could not get the Earle to come forth of Couentrie departed from Warwike and estsoones shewing himself with his people before the Citie of Couentrie desired the erle and his power to come forth into the fields that they might end their quarel by battel which the erle and the other lords with him vtterly refused as theÌ„ to do This was y e .v. of April being Friday King Edwarde passeth towards LondoÌ„ An. reg 11. The K. herevpoÌ„ was resolued to march towards London where his principall aduersarie king Henry remayned vsing his kingly authoritie by diuerse such of the nobilitie as were about him wherby K. Edward was barred and disappoynted of many aydes assistants which he was sure to haue if he coulde once breake that force of the royal authoritie that was still thus exercised agaynst him in K. Henries name Wherefore by the 〈◊〉 of his brethren and other of his counsaile accordingly as it had bene ordeined before this his last â—…ting forth froÌ„ Warwik he kept on his way towards LondoÌ„ coÌ„ming to DaÌ„trie on the Saterday at night and on the morow being Palmsonday he hearde seruice in y e church there afterâ—…d vnto NorthaÌ„pton where he was ioyfully receyued FroÌ„ thence he toke the next way towardes London leauing continually behind him as he passed forth a competeÌ„t band of speares archers to be at back 〈◊〉 of y e erle of Warwiks people as peraduenture be might send abrode to trouble him his army by the waye In this meane while that things passed in maner as before ye haue heard Edâ—…d duke of Somerset his brother Iohn Marques Dorset Tho. Courtney erle of Deuonshire other being at London had knowledge by aduertisemeÌ„ts out of France that Q. Margaret with hir son prince Edward the couÌ„tesse of Warwik the prior of S. Iohns the L. Wenlocke diuerse other their adherents and partakers with al that they might make were ready at y e sea side purposing with al speede to saile ouer into England to arriue in the west couÌ„trey wherevpon they departed forth of London and with al hast possible drew westwarde there to raise what forces they could to ioine with those their friends immediatly after they should ouer come to land so to assist theÌ„ against K. Edward his partakers True it is that the Queene with hir son and the other persones before mentioned tooke theyr shippes the .xxiiij. daye of Marche continuyng on the Seas before they coulde lande throughe tempestes and contrary windes by the space of twentie dayes that is tyll the thirtenth of Aprill on which day or rather on the fourtenth they landed at Weymouth as after shall appeare but now touching king Edwardes proceeding forward on his iourney towards London yet haue to vnderstand that vpon the Tuesday the .ix. of Aprill he came to Saint Albons from whence he sent comfortable aduertisements to the Queene his wife remayning within the Sanctuarie at Westminster to
the tenth daye of May in the twelfth yeare of the kings raigne at London in a place called the Rose within y e parish of S. LaureÌ„ce Poultney in Canwike streete ward demanded of the said Charles Kniuet esquier what was the talke amoÌ„g the Londoners concerning the kings iourney beyond the seas the said Charles told him y t many stood in doubt of y e iourney least the frenchmen meant some deceit towards y e K. wherevnto the D. answered y t it was to be feared least it would come to passe according to the words of a certaine holy MoÌ„ke For ther is saith he a certain Chartreux MoÌ„ke that diuers times hath sent to me willing me to send vnto him my Chancellor and I did sende vnto him Iohn de la Court my Chaplain vnto whom he would not declare any thing til De la Courte had sworne vnto him to keepe al things secret and to tel to no creature liuing what he should heare of him except it were to me and theÌ„ the saide Monke tolde to De la Court neither y t the K. nor his heires should prosper and that I shoulde endeuour my selfe to purchase the good willes of the coÌ„munaltie of England for I the same D. and my bloud should prosper haue the rule of the realm of EnglaÌ„d Then said Charles Kniuet the Monke may be deceiued through y e Diuels illusion and that it was euil to medle w t such matters Well saide the D. it can not hurte me and so saith the enditement the D. semed to reioyce in the dukes wordes And further y e same time the D. told the said Charles that if the K. had miscaried now in his last sicknesse he would haue chopped off the heads of the Cardinall of sir Tho. Louel knight of others and also said that he had rather die for it than to be so vsed as he had bin Moreouer the â—…th day of September in the said eleueÌ„th yeâ—… of this kings raigne at Blâ—…ghe in the Câ—… of Surrey walking in the gallerie therewith George Neuill Knight K. of Burgauenny the D. murmuring against the kings counsellors and their gouernment said vnto the said George that if the kyng dyed hee woulde haue the rule of the Realme in spite of who so euer said the contrary and withal said that if the said Lâ—… Burguennie woulde say that the D. had spokeÌ„ such words he would fight with him and lay his sword vpon his pate and this he bound vp with many great othes These were the speciall articles and poyntes comprised in the enditemente and laide to hys charge but how truely or in what sort proued I haue not further to say eyther in accusing or excusing him other then as I fynde in Hall and Polidor whose words in effect I haue thoughte good to impart to y e reader without any parcial wresting of the same eyther too or fro sauing y t I trust I may without offence say that as y e rumor then went the Cardinal chiefly procured y e death of this noble man no lesse fauoured and beloued of the people of this realme in that season than the Cardinall himselfe was hated and enuyed whiche thing caused the Dukes fall the more to be pitied lamented sith he was the maÌ„ of all other that chiefly went about to crosse the Cardinall in his lordly demeanour and heady proceedings But to the purpose Shortly after that the D. had bin endited as before yee haue hearde he was arraigned in Westminster Hal The Duke of Buckingham araigned at Westminster before the Duke of Norffolke being made by y e kings letters patents high steward of EnglaÌ„d to accomplish y e high cause of appeale of y e peere or peeres of the realme and to decerne and iudge the causes of the peeres There were also appoynted to sitte as peeres and iudges vpon the saide D. of Buckingham the Duke of Suffolke The names of the Dukes peetes for hys triall the Marques Dorset the Erles of Worcester Deuonshire Essex Shrewesburie Kent Oxford and Derby the Lord of Saint Iohns the Lord de la Ware the lord Fitz Warren the Lord Willoughby the Lord Brooke the Lorde Cobham the Lord Herbert and the Lord Morley There was made within the Hall at Westminster a Scaffolde for these Lords and a presence for a Iudge rayled and counterrayled about and barred with degrees When the lordes had taken their place the Duke was brought to the barre and vppon his arraignemente pleaded not giltie and put hymselfe vpoÌ„ his peeres TheÌ„ was the enditement read which the D. denied to be true and as he was an cloquent man alledged reasons to falsifye the enditement Polidor Hall pleadyng the matter for his owne iustification very pithely and earnestly The Kings attourney against the Dukes reasons alledged the examinations confessions and proues of witnesses The D. desired that y e witnesses might be brought forth then came before him Charles Kneuet Perke de la Court Hopkins the Monke of the Priory of the Charterhouse beside Bath which like a false Hypocrite had enduced the Duke to the treason with his false forged prophesies Diuers presumptions and accusations were layd to him by Charles Kneuet which he would faine haue couered The depositions were redde and the deponents deliuered as prisoners to the officerâ—… of the Tower Finally to conclude The Duke of Buckingham conuict of treason there was he found giltie by hys peeres and hauing iudgemente to suffer as in case of treason is vsed was led agayne to his Barge and so conueyed by water to the Temple where he was set a land and there Sir Nicholas Vaux and sir Wil. Sands Baroncâ—…s receiued him and led him through the streetes of the Citie to the Tower as a cast man On Friday the seuententh of May he was with a great power deliuered to the Sheriffes of LoÌ„don who led him to the Scaffold on Tower hill about a eleuen of the clocke and there he was beheaded The Duke of Buckingham beheaded The Austeyne Friers tooke his head and body and buried them Great lamentation was made for his death but such is the ende said some of ambition false prophecies euill life and naughty counsell In this meane while were the Emperoure and the Frenche King fallen at variance so that the warre was renued betwixt them for the pacifying whereof Cardinall Wolsey sent ouer to Calais the Cardinall of Yorke was sent ouer to Calais where the Ambassadors of both those princes were appoynted to come vnto him He arriued there the second of August There went ouer with him the Erle of Worcester then L. Chamberlain the L. of S. Iohns the Lord Feerers the L. Herbert the B. of Duâ—…esme the B. of Ely the priâ—…te of Aâ—…maâ—…caâ—… sir Tho. Bulleigne sir Iohn Peche sir Io. Hussey sir Rich. Wingflew sir Henry Guilford and many other knightes esquiers Gentlemen doctors â—…peror â—…e French 〈◊〉 theyr â—…ors 〈◊〉 at Caâ—…
Capitayne generall of all the horsemenne beyng in number sixe thousand Syr Raufe Sadler knight treasourer of the Armie Syr Francis Brian knight capitayne of the lyghte horsemenne in number two thousande Syr Raulfe Auane Knight lieutenant of all the men of arms and Dymulances Sir Thomas Dartye Knyght Capitaine of all the Kings Maiesties Pencioners and men at armes Sir Rycharde Let Knight deuiser of the fortifications Sir Peter Mewtas Knight Captayne of the Harquebusiers whyche were in number sixe hundred Sir Peter Gamboa knyght Captayne of two hundred harquebusiers on horsbacke Sir FraÌ„cis Flemmyng Knyght Mayster of the ordeynaunce Sir George Blaag and Sir Thomas Holcroft Commissioners of the musters Edwarde Shelley the Lorde Gryes lieuetenaunt of the men of armes of Bollongne who was the firste that gaue the onset in the day of battayle and dyed moste honourablye in the same Iohn Brenne Captayne of the Pioners beeing in number a thousande foure hundrethe Thomas Audeley and Edwarde Chamberlaine Harbengers of the fielde The chieftaynes that commaunded in the nauy by Sea were these THe Lorde Edwarde Clinton Admirall of the fleete Sir William Woodhouse knight his Vice admirall There were in the army of greate ordeinaunce fifteene peeces and of carriages nine hundred Cartes beside many wagons whereof the Commissarie generall was George Ferrers As soone as the armye by lande was in a readynesse and set forwarde to come to Berwycke at a daye appoynted the nauye likewise tooke the Sea and by the helpe of Gods good guydyng hadde so prosperous speede in their passage that they arryued at Berwycke in tyme conuenient whyther vpon the thirtiethe of Auguste being Tuesday the Lorde Protectour came and laye in the Castell with Sir Nicholas Strelley knight Captain there The nexte daye commaundement was giuen that euery man shuld prouide himselfe for foure dayes victuall to be caried forthe with them in Cartes On Thursedaye the firste of September the Lorde Protectoure not wyth manye mo than wyth hys owne hande of horsemen roade to a Towne standyng on the sea coaste a sixe miles from Berwicke within Scotlande called Aymouthe whereat there runneth a riuer into the Sea which he caused to bee sounded and findyng the same well able to lerne for an Hauen caused afterwards a fortresse to bee reised there appoyntyng Thomas Gower that was Marshall of Berwike to bee Capitayne thereof On Fridaye all sauing the counsell departed the Towne of Berwycke and encamped a twoo flight shootes off by the Sea side toward Scotlande And the same day the Lord Clinton with his fleete took the seas from Berwike to the ende that in case the Winde shoulde not serue them to keepe course wyth the Armye by lande yet were it but wyth the dryuâ—…ng of tides they might vppon any neede of munition or victualls be still at hand or not long from them The same daye the Earle of Warwycke and Sir Raulfe Saddeler Threasouter of the armye came to Berwicke from Newecastell where they had stayed till then for the full dispatch of the reste of the army and the next day the Erle of Warwike encamped in field with the army On whiche day a proclamation with sound of Trumpette was made by an Herraulte in three seuerall places of the camp signifying the cause of the comming of the Kynges armye at that presente into Scotlande A proclamation whyche in effect was iÌ„to aduertise all the Scottish nation that their comming was not to depriue them of their liberties but to aduaunce the mariage already concluded and agreed vppon betwixte the kings maiestie of England their Quene and no hostilitie ment to suche as should shew themselues furtherers therof The fourthe of September beeing Sundaye the Lorde Protectoure came from out of the Towne and the army reised and marched that daye a sixe miles and camped by a village called Rostan in the Barourie of Coukendale The order of their Marche was this The order of the armie in marching forvvarde Sir Frauncis Brian Capitayne of the light horsemen with foure hundreth of his hande tended to the skowte a mile or two before The carriages kept a long by the sea coast and the men at armes and Dimylances deuided into three troupes aunsweryng the three wards ridde in arraye directly agaynst the carriages a twoo flyghtshote a sunder from them The three foote battayles kepte order in place betwixte them bothe The fore warde foremoste the battaile in the middest and the rereward vndermost eche ward hauing his troup of horsemenne and garde of ordinaunce hys ayde of Pyoners for amendement of wayes where neede shoulde be The fifte of September they marched an 8. miles till they came to the peathes The Peathes a clough or Valley runnyng for a sixe myles Weaste strayght Eastewarde and towarde the Sea a twenty score brode from banke to banke aboue and a fiue score in the bottome wherein runnes a little Riuer Steepe is thys valley on either side and deepe in the bottome The Scots had caste Trenches ouerthwarte the side wayes on either side in many places to make the passage more cumbersome but by the Pioners the same were soone fylled and the waye made playne that the armye carriage and ordinaunce were quite sette ouer soone after Sunne sette and there they pight downe their campe Whylest the armye was thus passyng ouer this combersome passage an Herrauite was sente from the Lorde Protectoure to sommon a Castell that stood at the ende of the same valley a myle from the place where they passed downe towardes the Sea Matthewe Hume Capitaine thereof a brothers sonne of the lord Humes vppon his sommons required to speak with the Lorde Protectoure it was graunted and hee came whome the Protectoure handled in suche sorte wyth effectuall wordes puttyng hym in choice wheather hee woulde yeelde or stande to the aduenture to haue the place won of hym by force that hee was contented to render all at his graces pleasure And so beeing commaunded to goe fetche hys companye out of the house hee wente and broughte them beeyng in all one and twentye persones The Capitayne and sixe other were staied and commaunded to the keeping of the Marshall the residue were suffered to departe whither they thought good After this surrender my Lorde Iohn Grey brother to the Marques Dorset beeyng Capitayne of a greate number of Demylaunces as for hys approued woorthynesse valiancie right well hee mought was appoynted to seaze and take possession of the house The spoyle was not rithe sure but of white bread oten cakes and Scottishe aâ—…e indifferente good store and soone bestowed among my lords Souldiers for swordes burklers pikes pottes pannes yarne linnen hempe and heapes of such baggage whiche the Countrey people there about hadde broughte into that pile to haue it in more surety the Souldiers would vnneth stoupe to take the same vp The Castell of â—â—glasse oâ—â—rowen In the meane tyme the Lord Protector appoynted the house to be ouerthrowen whiche by the Captayne of
estate in that hee is a condemned man whose testimonie is nothing worthe by any lawe and bycause false witnes be mentioned in y e Gospel treating of accusatiō hearke I pray you what S. Ierome sayeth expounding y e place it is demaunded why Christes accusers bee called false witnesses which did report christs words not as he spake thē they be false witnes saith S. Ierome which do ad alter wrest double or do speake for hope to auoid death or for malice to procure an other mās death for al mē may easily gather he cānot speake truely of me or in the case of another mans life where he hath hope of his owne by accusation Thus much speaketh S. Ierome of false witnes By the ciuill law there be many exceptiōs to be taken agaynst such testimonies but bycause we be not gouerned by y e law neither I haue my trial by it it shal be superfluous to trouble you therewith therefore you shall heare what your owne lawe doth say There was a statute made in my late soueraigne L. and maister his time touching accusation and these be the words Be it enacted that no person nor persons c. shal be indited araigned condēned or conuicted for any offence of treason petit treason misprision of treason for which y e same offendor shal suffer any paynes of death imprisonment losse or forfeyture of his goodes lands c. vnlesse the same offendor be accused by two sufficient and lawful witnesses or shall willingly without violēce confesse y e same And also in the sixth yere of his raigne it is thus ratified as ensueth That no person nor persons shall bee indited araigned condemned conuicted or attainted of the treasons or offences aforesaide or for anye other treasons that nowe bee or heereafter shall be vnlesse the same offendor or offendors be thereof accused by two lawfull and sufficient accusers whiche at the time of the araignement of the parties so accused if they be thē liuing shal be brought in person before the said partie accused and auowe and mainteine that they haue to say againste the saide partie to proue him giltie of the treasons or offence conteined in the hyll of inditement layd agaynst the partie araigned vnlesse the sayd partie araigned shal be willing without violence to confesse the same Heere note I pray you that oure lawe dothe require two lawfull and sufficiente accusers to be brought face to face and Vaughan is but one and the same most vnlawfull and insufficiente for who can be more vnlawfull and insufficient than a condemned man and suche one as knoweth to accuse mee is the meane to saue his owne lyfe remember I pray you howe long and how manye times Vaughans execution hathe bin respited and howe often hee hathe bin coniured to accuse whych by Goddes grace hee withstoode vntill the last houre what time perceyuing there was no way to liue but to speake againste mee or some other his former grace beeyng taken away dyd redeeme his lyfe most vniustly and shamefully as you see Hare Why shoulde he accuse you more than anye other seeyng there was no displeasure betwixte you if the matter had not bin true Throckmor Bycause he must eyther speake of some man or suffer deathe and then he did rather choose to hurte him he did least know and so loued least than any other well knowen to him whome hee loued most But to you of my Iury I speake specially and therfore I pray you note what I say In a matter of lesse weight than triall of life and lande a man may by the law take exceptions to suche as be impaneld to trie the controuersies betwixt the parties as for example a man may chalenge that the Sheriffe is hys enimie and therfore hathe made a parciall returne or bycause one of the Iury is the Sheriffe my aduersaries seruaunte and also in case my aduersaries villaine or bondman be empanelled I may lawfully chalenge him bycause the aduersarie parte hathe power ouer hys villaynes landes and goodes and hathe the vse of hys bodye for seruile office muche more I may of ryghte take exception to Vaughans testimonie my lyfe and all that I haue dependyng therevppon and the same Vaughan beeyng more bounde to the Queenes highnesse my aduersarie that wo is mee therefore but so the lawe dothe here so tearme hyr Maiestie than anye villayne is to hys Lord for hir hyghnesse hathe not onely power ouer hys bodye lands and goodes but ouer his lyfe also Stanford Yea the exceptions are to be taken agaynste the Iury in that case but not agaynst the witnes or accusor and therefore youre argumente serueth little for you Throckmor That is not so for the vse of the iurie the witnes the effect of their doings doth serue me to my purpose as the law shal discusse And thus I make my cōparison By y e ciuill law y e Iudge doth giue sentēce vpon y e depositions of the witnes by your law y e Iudge doth giue iudgement vpon the verdict of the iury so as y t effect is both one to finish y e matter trial in law as wel by y e depositions of the witnes as by y e Iuries verdit though they varie in forme circumstance and so Vaughans testimonie being credited may be y e materiall cause of my condēnation as y e Iury to be induced by his depositiōs to speake their verdict so finally therevpon the Iudge to giue sentence Therefore I may vse y e same exceptions against y e iury or any of thē as y e principal mean y t shal occasion my condemnation Bromley Why do you denie that euery part of Vaughās tale is vntrue Attourney You may see he wil denie all and say there was no such communication betwixt them Throckmor I confesse some part of Vaughans confession to be true as the name the places the time and some part of the matter Attourney So you of the Iury may perceyue the prisoner doth confesse some thing to be true Throckmor As touching my sending to sir Peter Caroe or his sending to me or concerning my aduice to M. Wyat to sturre or to repaire hither or touchyng y e earle of Deuon parting hence my going w t him also concerning y e matter of y e Erle of Pēbroke I do aduow say that Vaughan hath said vntruely Southwell As for my L. of Pembroke you neede not excuse y e matter for he hath shewed himselfe cleere in these matters like a noble man that we al know Hare Why what was the talke betwixte Vaughan and you so long in Poules if these were not so and what meant your oft meetings Throckmor As for our often meetings they were of no set purpose but by chāce yet no ofter thā twice But sithence you would know what cōmunicatiō passed betwixt vs in Poules Church I will declare We talked of the incōmodities of the marriage of the Q. with y e Prince of Spaine
declaration of treasons and none other Here may you see this Statute doth referre all the offences aforesayde to the Statute of the xxv of Edw. iij. whiche statute hath these wordes touching and concerning the treasons that I am indited and arreigned of that is to saye Whosoeuer with compasse or imagine the death of the king or leuie warre against the king in his realme or being adherent to the kings enimies within this Realme or elsewhere and bee thereof probably attainted by open deede by people of their condicion shall be adiudged a traytor Now I praye you of my Iurie whiche haue my lyfe in triall note well what things at this daye bee treasons and howe these treasons must be tried and decerned that is to saye by open deede which the lawes doth at some time terme ouert acte and nowe I aske notwithstanding my inditement which is but matter alledged where doth appeare the open deede of any compassing or imagining the Quenes death or where doth appeare any open deede of being adherent to the Queenes enimies giuing to them ayde and comfort or where doth appeare any open deede of taking the tower of London Bromley Why doe not you of the Queenes learned Counsell aunswere him Me thinke Throckmorton you neede not to haue the statutes for you haue them meetely perfectly Stanforde You are deceyued to conclude all treasons in the statute of the xxv yeare of Edwarde the thirde for that statute is but a declaration of certaine treasons whiche were treasons before at the Common lawe Euen so there doth remayne diuerse other treasons at this day at the Common lawe which be expressed by that statute as the Iudges can declare Neuerthelesse there is matter sufficient alledged and proued against you to bring you within the compasse of the same Statute Throckmor I praye you expresse those matters that bring me within the compasse of the statute of Edwarde the thirde For the wordes be these And be thereof attainted by open deede by people of like condicion Bromley Throckmorton you deceyue your selfe and mistake these wordes by people of their condicion For thereby the lawe doth vnderstande the discouering of your treasons As for example Wiat and the other rebelles attainted for their great treasons already declare you to be his and their adherent in as much as diuerse and sundrie times you had conference with him and them aboute the treason so as Wiat is now one of your condicion who as all the worlde knoweth hath committed an open trayterous fact Throckmor By your leaue my Lorde this is a verye straunge and singular vnderstanding For I suppose the meaning of the Lawe makers did vnderstande these wordes By people of their condicion of the state and condicion of those persons whiche shoulde bee on the Inquest to trie the partie arreygned guiltie or not guiltie and nothing to the bewraying of the offence by another mans act as you say for what haue I to doe with Wiats actes that was not nigh him by one hundreth myles Thattorney Will you take vppon you to skill better of the lawe than the Iudges I doubt not but you of the Iurie will credite as it becommeth you Cholmley Concerning the true vnderstanding of these words By people of their condicion my Lord chiefe Iustice here hath declared the truth for Wiat was one of your condicion that is to say of your conspiracie Hare You doe not denie Throckmorton but that there hath bene conference and sending betweene Wiat and you and he and Winter dothe confesse the same with others so as it is playne Wiat may well be called one of youre condicion Throckmor Well seeing you my Iudges rule the vnderstanding of these wordes in the Statute By people of your condicion thus straungelye against mee I will not stande longer vppon them But where dothe appeare in mee an open deede wherevnto the treason is speciallye referred Bromley If thre or foure do talke deuise and conspire togither of a trayterous acte to be done and afterwards one of them doth commit treason as Wiat did then the lawe doth repute them and euerye of them as their actes so as Wiats actes doe implie and argue your open deede and so the lawe doth terme it and take it Throckmor These be marueylous expositions and wonderfull implications that another mans acte whereof I was not priuie shoulde be accounted myne for Wiat did purge me that I knew nothing of his stirre Hare Yea sir but you were a principall procurer and contriuer of Wiats rebellion thoughe you were not with him when he made the stirre And as my Lord here hath sayd the law always doth adiudge him a traytor which was priuie doth procure treason or any other man to committe treason or a trayterous acte as you did Wiat and others for so the ouert acte of those whiche did it by your procurement shall in this case be accounted your open deede We haue a commō case in the lawe if one by procurement shoulde disseyse you of your lande the lawe holdeth vs both wrong doers and giueth remedie as well against the one as the other Throckmor For Gods sake applie not such constructions against me though my present estate doth not moue you yet it were well you shoulde consider your office and thinke what measure you giue to others you your selues I say shall assuredly receyue the same agayne The state of mortall life is such y t men know full little what hangeth ouer them I put on within this xij monethes such a minde that I moste wofull wight was as vnlyke to stande here as some of you that sit there As to your case last recited whereby you woulde conclude I haue remembred and learned of you master Hare and you master Stanforde in the Parliament house where you did sit to make lawes to expounde and explane the ambiguities and doubtes of lawe sincerely and that without affections There I say I learned of you and others my maisters of the lawe this difference betwixt such cases as you remembred one euen nowe and the statute whereby I am to be tried There is a maxime or principle in the lawe which ought not to bee violated that no penall statute may ought or shoulde be construed expounded extended or wrested otherwise than the simple wordes and nude letter of the same statute doth warrant and signifie And amongst diuers good and notable reasons by you there in the Parliament house debated maister sergeant Stanford I noted this one why y e said maxime ought to be inuiolable you said considering the priuate affections manye tymes both of Princes ministers within this realme for that they were men and woulde and coulde erre it shoulde be no securitie but very daungerous to the subiect to referre the construction and extending of penall statutes to anye Iudges equitie as you termed it which might eyther by feare of the higher powers be seduced or by ignoraunce and follye abused And that is an aunswere by procurement
and North with many other Noblemen and Gentlemen and their traynes to the number of two thousande horses At his comming to the Churche in Winchester the Lorde Chauncelour accompanied with the Bishops of Duresme Elye London Lincolne Chichester and diuerse other Prelates were readie to receiue him After he had made his prayers he was conueyed to his lodging prepared for him in the Deanes house The Queene hir selfe was lodged in the Bishops pallace whither his highnesse the next day came and was receyued by hir in the hall in most courteous and louing maner And after such salutatioÌ„s and talke ended as was thought conuenient for the time he returned to his lodging where hee continued all that night and the next daye being the xxv of Iuly the mariage was openly solemnised The mariage solemnised At the which were present the Ambassadors of the Emperour the King of Romaynes the King of Boheme of Venice Florence Ferrare and Sauoye with certaine agents of other states in Italy As for the shotte of ordinaunce the diuerse kyndes of musicke the sumptuous and costlye apparell trappers and other furniture readye prouided against the receyuing of him with other ceremonies vsed aswell about the mariage as in other places where he was to be receyued were surely such and euery thing done in suche good order as better for such a purpose might not lightly be deuised The names of the Noble men that came ouer from Spaine with the Prince were as followeth The Duke of Alua. The Duke of Medina celi The Admirall of Castilla The Marques of Bergues The Marques of Piscara The Marques of Saria The Marques of Valli The Marques of Aguillar The Earle of Egmonde The Earle of Horne The Earle of Feria The Earle of Chinchon The Earle of Oliuares The Earle of Saldana The Earle of Modica The Earle of Fuentesalida The Earle of Landriano The Earle of Castellar Don Ruigomes The Bishop of Cuenca Don Iohn de Benauides And diuerse others But nowe forasmuch as some woulde happily be desirous to knowe the conditions of this memorable mariage betwixte these two highe Princes the consequence whereof might haue proued of so great importance although by the Queenes decease the effect was made voyde I haue thought good to recite in briefe the chief articles thereof First it was couenanted that he shoulde enioye the title and name of King during the matrimonie and shoulde ayde hir highnesse being his wife in the administration of hir Realmes and dominions but yet he shoulde permit and suffer hir to haue the whole disposition of all benefices and offices landes reuenues fruites of the sayde Realmes and dominions and that the same shoulde be bestowed vpon such as were hir naturall borne subiectes and that all matters of the sayd Realmes and dominions should bee treated and mayned in the same tongues wherein of old they haue ben wont to be treated That the Queene by vertue of the sayde mariage shoulde bee admitted into the 〈◊〉 of the Realmes and Dominions of the sayde Prince of Spaine as well such as he nowe presently hath as suche other also as during the matrimonie may come to him And for hir dower in case shee ouerliued him she was appointed to receyue yearely three score thousande pounde after the value of fortie groates Flemmishe money the pounde to be allotted vpon all the Realmes landes and Patrimoniall dominions of his father the Emperour that is to saye fortie thousande pounde to be assigned vpon the Realmes of Spaine Castile and Arragon according to the custome of those Realmes The other twentie thousande poundes were appointed vpon the Dukedomes Earledomes and dominions of Brabant Flanders Henault Hollande and other patrimoniall landes and inheritaunce of the sayde Emperour in the lowe Countries of Germanie in like maner as the Ladie Margaret of Englande sometime wife and widowe of the Lorde Charles sometime Duke of Burgongne had and receyued of the same And if anye parcell or parcels thereof be alienated then in lieu thereof other landes shoulde bee in due forme assigned forth for hir to enioy lying neare to the residue of hir dower The issue that shoulde chaunce to come of this mariage touching the right of the mothers inheritance in the realme of Englande and the other Realmes and dominions depending of the same aswell the males as females shoulde succeede in them according to the lawes statutes and customes of the same And as touching the landes that the sayde Prince of Spaine shall leaue behinde him first there shoulde bee reserued vnto his eldest sonne the Lord Charles of Austrich infant of Spaine and to the children and heyres of him descending as well females as males all and singular their rights which to the sayde Prince doe eyther then or thereafter shuld belong or should at any time be deuolued to him in the Realmes of Spaine of bothe the Sicilles in the Dukedome of Millaine and other landes and dominions in Lumbardie and Italie whiche neuerthelesse shall be burdened and charged with the foresayde dower of fortie thousande pounde And if it fortuned the sayde Lorde Charles to die and the issue of his bodie to sayle then the eldest sonne of this matrimonie should succeede and be admitted vnto the sayde right according to the nature lawes and customes of those Realmes and dominions The same eldest sonne shoulde also succeede in all the Dukedomes Earledomes Dominions and patrimoniall landes belonging vnto the sayde Emperour father to the sayde Prince of Spaine as well in Burgongne as in the lowe countries in the Dukedomes of Brabant Luxenburgh Gelderland Zutphane Burgongne Frezeland in the counties of Flaunders Aâ—…thoys Holland Zelande Naniure and the lande beyonde the Isles and all other whatsoeuer therevnto belonging But if the sayde Lord Charles or they that shoulde come of him remayne in life and that there be any male childe by this matrimonie the sayde Lorde Charles and his descendentes shoulde then bee excluded from the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and of Burgongne and the same shoulde discende vnto the sayde eldest sonne borne of this matrimonie And to the other children borne thereof as well males as females a conuenient portion and dower shoulde bee allotted in the Realme of Englande and Dominions depending of the same and in the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and neyther the eldest sonne of this matrimonie nor the sonnes begotten in the same should pretende anye right in the Realme of Spaine or the dominions of the same and reserued to the sayde Lorde Charles the infant otherwise than by their fathers and Grandfathers disposition Moreouer if it fortune no issue male to bee borne of this matrimonie but onely females in that case the eldest female shoulde with full right succeede in the sayde landes and dominions of the lowe Countries so as neuerthelesse she being minded to choose to husbande any noble manne not borne in Englande or in the lowe Countries without consent of the sayde
Lorde Charles the infant in that case the right of the succession shoulde remayne to the sayde Lorde Charles in the sayde dominions of the lowe Countries Burgongne and their appurtenances And yet neuerthelesse in that case both she and the other daughters also descending of this matrimonie shall bee endowed of their fathers landes and possessions aswell in Spaine as in the lowe countries And for want of the sayde Lorde Charles and issue of him and none but daughters remayning of this mariage the eldest daughter in that case shoulde succeede not onelye in the landes of the lowe Countries but also in the Realmes of Spaine Englande and the rest after the nature lawes and customes of the same Herewith was a Prouiso accorded that what soeuer he or she shoulde bee that shoulde succeede in them they shoulde leaue to euery of the sayde Realmes landes and Dominions whole and entire their priuiledges rightes and customes and gouerne the same by the naturall borne of the same Realmes Dominions and landes c. Finally that betweene the sayde Emperor the Prince and his successors their Realmes and the sayde Queene it was concluded that from thenceforth there shoulde bee an intire and sincere fraternitie vnitie and most straite confederacie for euer c. so as they shoulde mutuallye ayde one another in all things according to the strength forme and effecte of the later treatie of a streite amitie bearing date at Westminster in the yeare 1542. the declaration of whiche treatie beareth date at Vtreight the xvj of Ianuarie in the yeare 1546. In another treatise were these articles following comprised First that the Prince of Spaine shoulde not promote admitte or receyue to any office administration or benefice in the Realme of Englande or Dominions to the same belonging any straunger or persons not borne vnder the subiection of the saide Queene That he shoulde receyue into his housholde and Courte Gentlemen and yeomen of the sayde Realme of Englande in a conuenient number esteeming interteyning and nourishing them as his proper subiectes and bring none with him in his retinue that will doe any wrong to the subiectes of the sayde Realme and if they doe hee to correcte them with condigne punishment and to see them expelled his Courte That hee shall doe nothing whereby anye thing bee innouated in the state and righte eyther publicke or priuate or in the lawes and customes of the sayde Realme of Englande or the dominions therevnto belonging But shall keepe to all estates and orders their rights and priuiledges That he shall not leade awaye the Queene oute of the borders of hir Graces Realme vnlesse she hir selfe desire it or carie the children that maye bee borne of this matrimonie out of the same realme vnlesse it be otherwise thought good by the consent and agreement of the Nobilitie of Englande And in case no children being left the sayde Queene do die before him he shall not chalenge anye righte at all in the sayde kingdome but without impediment shall permit the succession thereof to come vnto them to whome it shall belong by the right and lawes of the Realme Item that hee shall not beare nor carye ouer oute of the sayde Realme the iewels and precious things of estimation Neyther shall he alienate or doe away any whit of the appurtenances of the sayde Realme of Englande or suffer anye parte of them to bee vsurped by his subiectes or anye other But shall see that all and singular places of the Realme and speciallye the fortes and frontiers of the same bee faithfully kept and preserued to the vse and profite of the sayde Realme and by the naturall borne of the same He shall not suffer any shyppe gunnes ordinaunces whatsoeuer of warre or defence to be remoued or conueyed out of the same realme but shall contrariwise cause them diligently to be kept and vewed when neede requireth and shall so prouide that the same maye be alwayes readye in their strength and force for defence of the Realme Item the Realme of Englande by occasion of this matrimonie shall not directly nor indirectly bee intangled with the warre that is betweene the Emperour father to the sayde Prince of Spayne and Henrie the Frenche King but he the sayde Prince as muche as in him maye lie on the behalfe of the sayde realme of Englande shall see the peace betweene the sayde Realmes of Fraunce and Englande obserued and shall giue no cause of any breach by which couenant the later treatise of a strayte amitie shoulde not bee in anye poynt derogated but the same still to remayne in the foremer force c. But nowe to returne where wee left At the time of the solemnization of the foresayde mariage holden at Winchester as before yee haue hearde the Emperours ambassadours beyng present openlye pronounced that in consideration of that mariage the Emperour had giuen and graunted to the sayde Prince hys sonne the Kingdome of Naples Hierusalem with diuerse other seates and seigniories The solemnitie of that marriage ended the King of Heraultes called Garter openlye in the Churche in the presence of the King the Queene the Lordes as well of Englande as Spayne and all the people being presente solemnelye proclaymed the Tytle and style of those twoo Princes as followeth Philip and Marie by the grace of God Their title King and Queene of Englande Fraunce Naples Hierusalem and Irelande Defenders of the fayth Princes of Spayne and Scicilie Archedukes of Austriche Dukes of Millayne Burgundie and Brabant Counties of Haspurge Flaunders and Tyroll The Proclamation being ended the trumpettes blewe and the King and the Queene came forthe of the Churche hande in hande and two swords borne before them and so returned to their pallace And assoone as the feasting and solemnitie of the saide marriage was ended the King and Queene departed from Winchester and by easie iourneyes came to Windsore castell where the v. of August being Sundaye King Philip â—â—â—led at Windsore hee was stalled according to the order of the Garter and there kept Saint Georges feast himselfe in hys royall estate and the Earle of Sussex was also the same time stalled in the order The vij of Auguste was made a generall huntyng with a toyle raysed of foure or fiue myles in lengthe so that many a Deare that day was brought to the quarrie The xj of August they remoued to Richemonde and from thence the xxvij of the same moueth by water they came to London landing at the Bishop of Winchesters house thorowe which they passed both into Southwarke Parke and so to Suffolke place where they lodged that night and the next daye being Saterday and the xix of August they being accompanied with a great number of Nobles and gentlemen roade from thence ouer the bridge and passed thorough London vnto Westminster the Citie being beautified with faire and sumptuous pageantes and hanged with riche and costly silkes and clothes of golde and siluer in most royall wise At their passing ouer the bridge there
to K. Alexander sent eftsoones his Chauncelour in Ambassade vnto King Alexander to trie if he might by treatie recouer againe those Iles and if he might not bring that to passe yet to compounde with him for a yearly tribute The first motion of the Chauncelor woulde in no wise be heard therefore surceassing to spend any longer tyme aboute it they fell in communication touching the seconde which tooke effect at length in this wise The release of Magnus king of Norway to the Scottish Iles. King Magnus by his Letters vnder hys greate Seale renounced and gaue ouer all ryght or clayme that hee had or myght haue both for him and his successours to all the Iles of Scotlande And King Alexander for this resignation was agreed to paye to the sayde King of Norway A yearely pencion foure thousande Markes sterling togither wyth a pension or trybute of an hundred Marks by yeare And for the more confyrmation of loue and amitie betwixt the two kings and their people Margaret king Alexanders daughter Margaret the daughter of King Alexander being not past one yeare of age was promised in maryage vnto Hannigo the sonne of King Magnus the same maryage to be consummate when she came to yeares maryageable Further in place where the greatest slaughter of Danes and Norwegyans had bene made it was couenaunted that an Hospitall shoulde bee erected and founded there for the sustentation of poore folkes Warres in Englande Aboute thys season there was great warres in Englande betwixte King Henrie and hys Barons of whome the chiefe was Symon Mountfort Earle of Leycester and dyuerse other King Henrie requireth ayd of Scottes King Henrie beeing not well able to wythstand his aduersaries attempts requested King Alexander to sende him some ayde of Scottes to subdue the rebels of his realme that had arreared warres agaynst him Herevpon shortly after was Alexander Cumyn with fiue thousand chosen mē sent by king Alexander into Englande Alexander Cumyn sent into England who right valiantly bare themselues in that warre whiche king Henrie held against his Barons wherof in the English Chronicle ye may read more at large In these dayes as the translator of Hector Boetius hath ◅orytten that notable and moste famous outlawe Robyn Hoode lyued Robyn Hood and little Iohn his cōpanion with his fellow little Iohn of whom are many fables and mery ieastes deuised and sung amongst the vulgar people But Iohn Maior wryteth that they liued as he doth gesse in the dayes of King Richarde the first of that name which raigned in England about the yeare of our Lord .1198 In the yeare next after that Henrie king of England had subdued his domesticall enimyes there came a Legate from Pope Clement the fourth A Legate from Pope Clemēt requiring hym to haue a collection of money in Scotlande towardes the charges of leuying an armye agaynst the Sarafins But thys Legate was not receyued into the Realme but commaunded to shewe his message vppon the borders Hee demaunded therefore of euery Parishe Church in Scotland foure Markes sterling The Legates demaunde and of euery Abbey 80. Markes and to the ende hee might the sooner purchase fauour to the furtherance of his purpose he deuised by the way certaine statutes and ordinances right profitable to be vsed in the realme of Scotland as he iudged But king Alexander for answere herevnto alledged The answer of K. Alexander to the Legates message that the Scottes minded not to receyue any statutes or decrees other than such as were ordeyned by the Pope or some generall Counsell For by a generall rule the more precepts The more precepts the more offenders the more offendours are alwayes found And as touching the requeste made for the collection of so greate summes of money it was not thought necessarie that so much coyne shoulde goe foorth of the Realme Neuerthelesse if it were thought expedient he woulde bee contented to sende forth at his owne proper costs and charges a number of armed men to go with the Christian armie agaynste the Turkes but for money otherwise forth the Realme woulde not depart with any least it shoulde be wastfully spent or taken by the way of theeues as it had beene afore time Henrie King of Englande praysed much the wisedome of king Alexander for this his answer K. Alexanders wisdome praysed by king Henrie as he declared shortly after by his sonne Prince Edwarde who came to visite his sister the Queene and his brother in lawe King Alexander at Rokesbourgh where they met him for ye must vnderstand that king Henrie had also learned by experience to be wise in that behalfe as well as other King Alexander yet after this A thousande Markes sent to the Pope sent vnto the Pope a thousande Markes in siluer and vnto Lewes the French King that requyred his ayde in that iourney whiche hee made into Affrike agaynst the Sarasins there a thousande Souldiours vnder the leading of the Earles of Carrike and Atholl Scottish captaynes sent into Affrike Iohn Stewart the brother of Alexander Stewart Alexander Cumyn Robert Reth George Durwarde Iohn Quincie and William Gordon All these going ouer with King Lewes into Affrike dyed there either vpō the enimies sword or by the intemperate heate of that Countrey whervnto they had not bene accustomed in the yeare after the incarnation 1270. 1270. Thomas earle of Carrike The Earle of Carrike whose name was Thomas perishing thus amongst the residue in Affrike left no inheritor behinde him to enioy his landes Martha daughter to the earle of Carrike sauing a daughter named Martha being then about .xv. yeares of age This yong Ladie chauncing to ryde a hunting in the Woods for pastime and solace as the vse is fortuned by aduenture to meete with a noble yong man one Robert Bruce the sonne and heyre to Robert Bruce the Lorde of Au◅andals in Scotland Robert Bruce and Cleuelande in England begot of Isabel the second daughter of Dauid Earle of Huntington The Lady immediately became so inamoured of this yong Gentleman that shee ledde him with hir home vnto Carrike Robert Bruce maryed to Martha daughter to the earle of Carrike where without making hir friendes priuy to the matter she maryed him in all hast least any man should be about to hynder hir determinate purpose Of this maryage was borne that Robert Bruce whiche afterwardes through want of heyres of the lynage of King Alexander atteyned the Crowne of Scotlande K. Alexander displeased with the foresayd Martha As soone as King Alexander was aduertised hereof he tooke such indignation that she shoulde bestow hir self so lightly vpon one whom she neuer saw before that he tooke hir Castel of Turnberie into his own hands with al hir other lands and possessions as it were by escheit for that shee had maried without his consent Notwithstanding within short while after he tooke pitie on hir case and for an
easie composition of money which she payed for hir mariage restored vnto hir againe all hir landes liuings suffring hir to enioy hir husbande without any more trouble or vexation Robert Bruce that was after king of Scotland is borne In the thirde yeare after the sayd Ladie was deliuered of the afore remembred Robert Bruce that was after king of Scotland And the same yeare which was the yeare after the byrth of our Sauiour 1274 1274. Dauid the seconde sonne of king Alexander deceassed and the thirde yeare after the brethren of Edward king of England came into Scotland to visite the Queene their sister and their brother in lawe the King K. Alexander with his wife the Queene came to London and after did attend them both in theyr iourney to London whither they went to be present at the coronation of the foresayde Edwarde as then returned forth of Affrike after the deceasse of his father King Henrie to take vpon him the gouernment of the Kingdome descended vnto him by right of inheritance He was crowned the same yeare on the day of the assumption of our Ladie in August wyth great solemnitie and tryumph The same time there was a Norman in king Edwardes Court A Norman of passing streÌ„gth of suche passing strength of bodye that he ouerthrewe all men with whome hee wrastled Ferquhard a Scottish man ouerthrew the sayd Norman tyll at length was Ferquhard a Scottish man borne of the Countrey of 〈◊〉 descended of noble 〈…〉 his great prayse and gouernment 〈…〉 King Alexander in guerdâ—…n of so 〈…〉 there done in the presence of so 〈…〉 â—…imble gaue vnto him the Earledome of â—…osse foreuermore 〈…〉 Ferquhard succeeded 〈◊〉 Earles 〈◊〉 of his surname The Earldom of Rosse giue William Rosse alias Leslie but the sixt Earle was named William Rosse otherwise Lesly in whose sonne the seuenth Earle fayled the dignitie of that house for fault of succession At the sometime prince Alexander king Alexanders sonne did homage vnto king Edward for the Earledome of Huntington as the Scottish writers do testifie Shortly after that king Alexander was returned forth of Englande at that time into Scotlande The death of Queene Margaret his wife Queene Margaret deceassed and was buried in Dunfermling She bare by him two sonnes Alexander and Dauid and one daughter named Margaret the which according to the assurance before made was maried about three yeares after hir mothers deceasse vnto Hanigo The mariage of Margaret K. Alexanders daughter or rather Aquine king of Norway and deceassed in the seconde yeare after the solemnization of the maryage leauing behinde hir a daughter named also Margaret But before this happe fell so oute euen immediately after the death of Queene Margaret the mother hir yonger sonne Dauid deceassed The death of Dauid sonne to king Alexander By reason whereof King Alexander being carefull for his succession procured a maryage for his elder sonne Prince Alexander The mariage of Alexander prince of Scotlande wyth the Earle of Flaunders his daughter the whiche beeing brought into Scotlande was maryed vnto the sayd Prince at Iedworth on the Sunday after the feast of Saint Martyn in Winter in the yeare 1279. 1279. The feast of this maryage was holden with great tryumph and solemnitie continually the space of .xv. dayes togither This yeare a number of the Scottish nobilitie which had attended the Ladie Margaret into Norway were lost by shipwracke as they would haue returned back againe into Scotland after the consummation of hir maryage there with king Hanigo or Aquine Shortly after by force of deathes dreadfull dint two grieuous losses chaunced vnto King AlexaÌ„der the one following in y e neck of another The death of Alexander prince of Scotlande For first his eldest sonne Prince Alexander being not past .xx. yeres of age departed out of this worlde without leauing any issue behinde him and not long after his daughter Margaret Queene of Norway deceassed also The death of Margaret Queene of Norway leauing behinde hir one onely daughter as before is mentioned being as yet but an infant A Councell at Lions In the same yeare was a generall counsell holden at Lions the Pope and a great multitude of the Prelates of Christendome being there assembled To this counsell were summoned to appeare all the Prouincials Wardens and ministers of the begging Friers And for y e there were so many sundry orders of theÌ„ ech man deuising of hys owne brayne some newe alteration all those orders were reduced into the foure orders which after by the church of Rome were approued and alowed The foure orders of Friers A general coÌ„mandement was also giuen A commaundement giuen against deuising new orders of Friers that no man should go about to begin any newe forme of such vaine superstitious orders whiche appoynt themselues to eschue labour to the ende they may liue in pleasure lust and ydlenesse vpoÌ„ the trauaile of other mens browes In this meane time after that the Christian army was retained home out of 〈◊〉 by reason of a truce contended with the Soldane The Soldane contrary to the truce inuadeth the Christians the same Soldan that truce notwithstanding ceassed not to make great slaughters and 〈◊〉 vpon those christen men that remayned behinde The christian Princes sore moued herewith made their apprests for a new expedition into the holy land The Scottes contribution for a iourney into the holy lande The Scots gaue the tenth priuie of all their landes or rather as some bookes haue the tenth part of all tythes belonging to churches to the furtherance of this iourney notwithstanding through such enuie and contentions as rose amongest the sayde Princes that iourney brake to the great domage and preiudice of the Christian fayth King Alexander hauing lost his wife and children in maner as is before expressed not only he himself but also all Scotland was in great pensiuenesse and sorrow eche man by a certaine soreiudgement and misgiuing in minde doubting the mishap that might therof ensue K. Alexander maryed the daughter of the Earle not of Champaign but of Dreux sayth Southw But yet did king Alexander by aduice of his Nobles in hope of new issue marrie the daughter of the Erle of Champainge in Fraunce named Iolant The mariage was celebrate at Iedburgh with greate feasting and triumph but that ioye and gladsome blythnesse endured not long after Ri. Southwel varieth somewhat from the Scottish writers in report of K. Alexanders death See in Englande For the same yeare on the .xviij. day of Aprill as he was galloping vpon a fierce horse at Kingorn forcing him in his race somwhat rashly he was throwne ouer the west clife towards the Sea by a wonderfull misfortune so rudely that hee brake his necke and so therewyth immediately dyed in the .xlij. 35. H.B. yeare of hys raigne He was buryed at Dunfermling in the yeare after the Incarnation