roturiers_n des_fw-fr ville_n non_fw-fr franche_n bourg_n &_o village_n a_o proportion_n des_fw-fr biens_fw-fr du_fw-fr taillable_n sans_o cue_n '_o il_fw-fr ait_fw-fr estè_fw-fr besoin_fw-fr d'_fw-fr asembler_n les_fw-fr estate_n pour_fw-fr ce_fw-fr suiet_n those_o kind_n of_o tax_n be_v pay_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n or_o commonalty_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o common_a people_n of_o the_o town_n and_o borought_n not_o enfranchise_v or_o free_v from_o it_o by_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o good_n or_o moveable_n without_o any_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n to_o that_o purpose_n except_o in_o languedoc_n provence_n burgogne_n dauphin_n and_o britain_n where_o when_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n have_v resolve_v what_o the_o taille_n shall_v be_v les_fw-fr terres_fw-la &_o immeuble_v seulement_fw-fr sont_fw-fr taillable_n the_o land_n and_o immovables_n only_o be_v tailleable_a and_o their_o near_a friend_n the_o scot_n do_v long_o ago_o so_o well_o like_a of_o gratitude_n as_o they_o enact_v and_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v a_o good_a law_n that_o land_n hold_v in_o few_o farm_n pay_v and_o one_fw-mi certain_a zierly_a duty_n nomine_fw-la feudi_fw-la firm_a may_v be_v recognosce_v be_v the_o superior_a for_o none_o payment_n of_o the_o few_o dewtie_n and_o that_o twa_fw-mi manner_n of_o way_n the_o first_o ex_fw-la provisione_n &_o naturae_fw-la contractus_fw-la by_o operation_n of_o law_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o contract_n significatione_n for_o the_o few_o fermorer_n not_o pay_v and_o his_o few_o farm_n for_o his_o ingratitude_n and_o unthankfulnes_n tinis_n and_o forfaltis_n his_o few_o farm_n be_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n quhilk_fw-mi as_o zit_o be_v not_o in_o practic_a and_o use_n in_o scotland_n and_o the_o english_a landlord_n be_v so_o unwilling_a to_o part_v with_o any_o privilege_n which_o bring_v they_o in_o any_o power_n gain_n or_o profit_n as_o where_o they_o hold_v any_o of_o the_o king_n ancient_a demesne_n in_o fee_n farm_n and_o the_o king_n do_v cause_v his_o ancient_a demesne_n to_o be_v tally_v the_o lord_n or_o fee_n farmer_n under_o he_o will_v sue_v forth_o the_o king_n write_v command_v the_o sheriff_n that_o in_o case_n the_o land_n be_v ancient_a demean_v 87._o &_o hucusque_fw-la consueverit_fw-la talliari_fw-la and_o be_v until_o than_o accustom_a to_o be_v tally_v that_o rationabile_fw-la tallagium_fw-la ei_fw-la habere_fw-la faceret_fw-la de_fw-la libere_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o manerio_fw-la praedicto_fw-la sicut_fw-la prius_fw-la fieri_fw-la consuevit_fw-la he_o shall_v cause_v the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n to_o pay_v unto_o their_o lord_n such_o reasonable_a tallage_n as_o be_v accustom_v and_o with_o as_o much_o or_o more_o reason_n be_v the_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o allow_v and_o establish_v as_o the_o hitherto_o never_o complain_v of_o in_o parliament_n or_o account_v to_o be_v grievance_n herezelda_n herriot_n service_n or_o herriot_n which_o skene_n a_o author_n of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o scot_n define_v to_o be_v hollandiciâ—_n gratuitae_fw-la donationes_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la husbando_fw-la seu_fw-la agricola_n datur_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la ratione_fw-la dominij_fw-la &_o reverentiae_fw-la the_o free_a gift_n or_o remuneration_n of_o the_o tenant_n to_o their_o lord_n in_o the_o reverence_n and_o respect_n which_o they_o bear_v unto_o they_o which_o the_o hollander_n those_o grand_a contester_n for_o liberty_n do_v call_v laudemia_n and_o notable_o increase_v their_o small_a revenue_n in_o land_n with_o they_o and_o in_o england_n say_v the_o learned_a spelman_n non_fw-la nisi_fw-la post_fw-la mortem_fw-la husbandi_fw-la solvitur_fw-la be_v only_a pay_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o differ_v from_o a_o relief_n for_o that_o a_o relief_n be_v in_o case_n of_o inheritance_n but_o a_o herriot_n in_o a_o lesser_a estate_n as_o for_o life_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v former_o and_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n of_o a_o great_a value_n by_o the_o give_v or_o pay_v to_o their_o lord_n shield_n sword_n spear_n helmet_n horse_n furnish_v and_o money_n according_a to_o the_o several_a quality_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o tenant_n have_v be_v since_o by_o the_o example_n and_o indulgence_n of_o our_o prince_n imitate_v by_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n reduce_v to_o the_o best_a horse_n or_o beast_n and_o if_o none_o to_o the_o best_a household_n stuff_n but_o so_o greedy_o attach_v or_o seldom_o remit_v by_o the_o landlord_n as_o the_o poor_a man_n single_a ewe_n lamb_n in_o the_o parable_n of_o the_o prophet_n nathan_n to_o david_n or_o a_o cow_n which_o shall_v give_v the_o lament_a wife_n and_o child_n some_o nourishment_n and_o sustenance_n be_v seldom_o able_a to_o escape_v their_o bailiff_n or_o such_o as_o be_v send_v to_o fetch_v they_o and_o if_o it_o be_v reason_n for_o the_o people_n to_o make_v such_o payment_n and_o contribution_n and_o observe_v such_o respect_n to_o their_o landlord_n and_o subordinate_a governor_n or_o superior_n as_o much_o and_o great_a sure_o ought_v they_o to_o pay_v unto_o their_o pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la the_o protector_n and_o defender_n as_o well_o of_o those_o that_o receive_v those_o duty_n as_o of_o those_o that_o pay_v they_o and_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v enough_o to_o awaken_v and_o rouse_v up_o their_o gratitude_n and_o imprint_v in_o their_o memory_n the_o never_o enough_o to_o be_v requite_v benefit_n and_o blessing_n receive_v by_o our_o king_n and_o prince_n as_o much_o as_o if_o with_o a_o forfeiture_n upon_o the_o not_o do_v or_o observe_v those_o agreement_n they_o have_v be_v as_o strong_o annex_v and_o incorporate_v into_o our_o land_n and_o estate_n as_o that_o of_o the_o service_n or_o condition_n of_o land_n give_v to_o hold_v by_o the_o tenor_n of_o knight_n service_n which_o as_o some_o civilian_n hold_v 769._o ipsi_fw-la sanguini_fw-la coherent_a be_v inherent_a in_o the_o very_a blood_n of_o the_o tenant_n which_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a gentile_a rich_a and_o better_a sort_n of_o the_o people_n be_v when_o the_o pourveyance_n be_v in_o be_v the_o most_o fit_a and_o likely_a to_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o payment_n or_o contribution_n towards_o it_o and_o be_v therefore_o in_o several_a king_n reign_v sometime_o single_o and_o often_o charge_v with_o public_a aid_n or_o tax_n and_o very_o much_o more_o than_o other_o of_o the_o people_n as_o twenty_o shilling_n for_o every_o knight_n fee_n grant_v by_o parliament_n to_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o six_o and_o twenty_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n for_o every_o knight_n fee_n to_o king_n john_n and_o as_o much_o at_o another_o time_n to_o he_o towards_o his_o war_n in_o wales_n twenty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n towards_o his_o voyage_n into_o normandy_n and_o forty_o shilling_n at_o another_o time_n and_o as_o much_o twice_o assess_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o towards_o his_o war_n in_o gascony_n twenty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n by_o henry_n the_o four_o the_o war_n in_o scotland_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o edward_n the_o second_o and_o of_o france_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o the_o personal_a and_o chargeable_a service_n of_o most_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n therein_o probable_o procure_v they_o some_o relaxation_n of_o not_o have_v their_o fee_n or_o land_n so_o charge_v as_o former_o and_o beside_o other_o incident_n belong_v thereunto_o be_v by_o the_o fewdists_n say_v to_o be_v so_o more_o than_o ordinary_o tie_v up_o unto_o gratitude_n and_o the_o more_o especial_a duty_n and_o obligation_n thereof_o as_o such_o a_o tenant_n forfeit_v his_o land_n in_o fee_n si_fw-mi percipiat_fw-la magnum_fw-la periculum_fw-la domino_fw-la imminere_fw-la &_o ultrò_fw-la sine_fw-la requisitione_fw-la servicium_fw-la non_fw-la offer_v if_o he_o perceive_v any_o danger_n imminent_a or_o likely_a to_o happen_v to_o his_o lord_n and_o do_v not_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n offer_v his_o service_n to_o prevent_v it_o or_o if_o his_o lord_n be_v a_o captive_n or_o in_o prison_n aught_o to_o contribute_v towards_o his_o redemption_n or_o if_o he_o shall_v happen_v to_o fall_v into_o distress_n be_v to_o relieve_v he_o as_o far_o say_v some_o of_o the_o fewdall_n law_n which_o by_o stipulation_n or_o paction_n be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o agree_v upon_o or_o include_v in_o the_o general_a word_n of_o defend_v the_o lord_n and_o his_o dignity_n be_v with_o many_o other_o their_o grateful_a observance_n afterward_o particularise_v and_o deduce_v from_o such_o custom_n as_o gratitude_n only_o have_v in_o process_n of_o time_n introduce_v and_o as_o much_o as_o amount_v unto_o the_o moiety_n of_o one_o year_n rent_n or_o si_fw-la auxilium_fw-la dominum_fw-la in_o acie_n periclitantem_fw-la deseruerit_fw-la if_o he_o leave_v his_o lord_n in_o the_o field_n and_o be_v ingrateful_a and_o by_o our_o law_n of_o england_n if_o
benefit_n receive_v which_o high_o please_v the_o almighty_a and_o be_v lovely_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o man_n which_o be_v not_o only_o enjoy_v but_o hold_v fast_o and_o enforce_v by_o all_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o rich_a sort_n of_o man_n in_o england_n when_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v deny_v as_o the_o service_n and_o custom_n of_o all_o their_o tenant_n to_o grind_v their_o corn_n at_o their_o lord_n mill_n or_o bake_v their_o bread_n at_o his_o common_a oven_n in_o some_o borough_n or_o market_n town_n the_o relief_n in_o tenor_n by_o knight_n service_n or_o chivalry_n fix_v and_o appropriate_a unto_o those_o feud_n and_o tenor_n and_o pay_v at_o the_o death_n of_o every_o tenant_n die_v seize_v be_v at_o the_o first_o never_o condescend_v unto_o by_o the_o tenant_n by_o any_o paction_n or_o stipulation_n betwixt_o they_o and_o their_o lord_n but_o although_o there_o be_v ancient_o and_o original_o betwixt_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o tenant_n 7._o mutua_fw-la fides_fw-la tuendae_fw-la salutis_fw-la &_o dignitatis_fw-la utriusque_fw-la say_v bodin_n a_o mutual_a obligation_n betwixt_o the_o tenant_n and_o the_o lord_n to_o defend_v one_o another_o estate_n and_o dignity_n or_o as_o craig_n say_v pactionibus_fw-la interpositis_fw-la de_fw-la mutua_fw-la tutela_n upon_o certain_a agreement_n to_o defend_v one_o another_o be_v late_o notwithstanding_o receive_v and_o take_v by_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n as_o a_o gratitude_n and_o in_o that_o and_o no_o other_o respect_n be_v by_o the_o tenant_n willing_o pay_v unto_o they_o the_o relief_n pay_v by_o the_o heir_n of_o freeholder_n in_o socage_n after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o be_v not_o pay_v by_o tenant_n for_o year_n by_o a_o rack_n rent_n do_v appear_v to_o have_v no_o other_o commencement_n but_o in_o signum_fw-la subjectionis_fw-la &_o gratitudinis_fw-la a_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n for_o benefit_n receive_v or_o those_o duty_n &_o payment_n which_o many_o lord_n and_o gentry_n do_v enjoy_v in_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o many_o of_o the_o other_o northern_a county_n which_o be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o by_o any_o original_a contract_n or_o agreement_n as_o to_o their_o tenant_n particular_a service_n for_o so_o it_o can_v not_o be_v a_o custom_n but_o the_o tenant_n at_o the_o first_o upon_o the_o only_a reason_n of_o gratitude_n until_o it_o have_v by_o length_n of_o time_n and_o usage_n uninterrupted_a gain_v the_o force_n of_o a_o custom_n and_o that_o the_o succeed_a heir_n and_o tenant_n be_v admit_v according_a to_o those_o custom_n do_v as_o willing_o observe_v and_o acknowledge_v they_o the_o fine_n incertain_a at_o the_o will_n of_o several_a lord_n which_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o other_o part_n of_o england_n do_v receive_v and_o take_v of_o their_o copyhold_n tenant_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o a_o forfeiture_n if_o not_o pay_v in_o a_o reasonable_a time_n after_o they_o be_v assess_v and_o the_o privilege_n which_o they_o retain_v of_o seize_v their_o tenant_n copyhold_n land_n as_o forfeit_v whether_o the_o fine_n be_v certain_a or_o incertain_a if_o they_o sue_v replevin_n against_o they_o distrain_v for_o their_o rent_n or_o service_n and_o have_v no_o other_o parent_n or_o original_a until_o custom_n have_v settle_v it_o then_o the_o tenant_n grateful_a acknowledgement_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o ancestor_n former_a kindess_n and_o benefit_n bestow_v upon_o they_o or_o their_o progenitor_n and_o the_o socage_n land_n and_o freeholder_n may_v be_v tally_v or_o have_v a_o tax_v lay_v upon_o they_o by_o their_o lord_n at_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n as_o their_o necessity_n or_o occasion_n require_v as_o well_o before_o as_o after_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la make_v betwixt_o the_o year_n 25_o &_o 34_o ed._n 1._o and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o not_o a_o charter_n can_v bind_v only_o the_o king_n as_o to_o his_o extraordinary_a but_o not_o to_o his_o legal_a tallage_n until_o custom_n by_o the_o kindness_n or_o favour_n of_o time_n and_o the_o courtesy_n and_o good_a will_n of_o their_o lord_n do_v permit_v they_o by_o a_o desuetude_n of_o impose_v and_o a_o well_o rellish_v custom_n of_o the_o tenant_n not_o pay_v to_o enjoy_v their_o easy_a and_o cheap_a bargain_n and_o freedom_n of_o their_o land_n for_o which_o they_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o remember_v better_a than_o they_o do_v their_o benefactor_n and_o be_v more_o mannerly_a and_o grateful_a then_o of_o late_o they_o have_v be_v and_o be_v before_o those_o indulgency_n hold_v to_o be_v so_o accustom_v and_o usual_a as_o it_o be_v not_o seldom_o find_v by_o inquisition_n and_o jury_n upon_o oath_n that_o such_o or_o such_o land_n be_v hold_v et_fw-la talliari_fw-la potest_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o may_v have_v tax_n or_o a_o great_a rent_n lay_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n in_o so_o much_o as_o the_o king_n demean_v land_n be_v not_o free_a from_o tallage_n which_o will_v be_v evident_a enough_o by_o a_o presentment_n of_o a_o jury_n of_o nottinghamshire_n before_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n in_o anno_fw-la 8_o e._n 1._o or_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o when_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n of_o a_o grant_n of_o the_o town_n of_o retford_n to_o the_o burgess_n thereof_o and_o their_o heir_n in_o fee_n farm_n be_v find_v and_o mention_v in_o these_o word_n viz._n scacarâ—i_fw-la edwardus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la nos_fw-la concessisse_fw-la etc._n etc._n burgensibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la de_fw-la retford_n quod_fw-la ipsi_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la haeredes_fw-la de_fw-la cetero_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la ad_fw-la feodi_fw-la firmam_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la villam_fw-la nostram_fw-la de_fw-la retford_n cum_fw-la pertnen_fw-la reddendo_fw-la inde_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la per_fw-la manus_fw-la svas_fw-la proprias_fw-la decem_fw-la libras_fw-la per_fw-la annum_fw-la ad_fw-la scaccarium_n nostrum_fw-la ad_fw-la festum_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaelis_fw-la pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la serviciis_fw-la etc._n etc._n salvo_n inde_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la tallagio_n nostro_fw-la cum_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o haeredes_fw-la nostris_fw-la dominica_n nostra_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la fecimus_fw-la talliari_fw-la etc._n etc._n reserve_v to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n a_o fee_n farm_n rend_v of_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o power_n of_o tax_n or_o tallage_n or_o improve_n what_o he_o have_v grant_v unto_o they_o when_o he_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v a_o tax_n or_o tallage_n upon_o all_o his_o demesne_n land_n in_o england_n and_o until_o rent_n be_v rack_v of_o which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o officer_n of_o their_o revenue_n in_o land_n be_v seldom_o or_o never_o yet_o much_o guilty_a &_o that_o rent_n be_v improve_v as_o high_a as_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n except_o the_o copyhold_n &_o customary_a land_n by_o fine_n certain_a &_o the_o courtesy_n of_o time_n and_o their_o landlord_n suffer_v their_o good_a will_n and_o charity_n to_o be_v reduce_v into_o thankless_a custom_n escape_v it_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v make_v contributaries_n to_o many_o of_o the_o necessity_n or_o occasion_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n who_o former_o do_v not_o make_v lease_n and_o take_v fine_n to_o lessen_v the_o rent_n as_o they_o do_v now_o by_o a_o high_a rate_n or_o rule_v of_o interest_n and_o disadvantage_n procure_v their_o rent_n to_o be_v advance_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o fine_a before_o hand_n nor_o if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight_n service_n until_o time_n and_o their_o prince_n favour_n have_v disuse_v it_o can_v make_v a_o lease_n unto_o any_o tenant_n of_o such_o land_n but_o by_o licence_n and_o then_o also_o for_o no_o long_o a_o term_n then_o 3._o or_o 7._o year_n and_o their_o land_n and_o rent_n except_o capite_fw-la and_o knight-service_n and_o copyhold_n land_n and_o land_n in_o frank_n almoigne_z be_v capable_a of_o no_o high_a rent_n or_o improvement_n can_v now_o be_v any_o more_o by_o they_o tally_v which_o in_o effect_n be_v but_o a_o call_n for_o more_o rent_n or_o raise_v it_o which_o every_o landlord_n may_v do_v where_o his_o tenant_n be_v at_o will_n or_o when_o their_o lease_n be_v expire_v when_o they_o be_v now_o all_o but_o those_o land_n before_o except_v as_o to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o mesne_fw-la lord_n and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o freeholder_n and_o cop_z holder_n at_o the_o utmost_a or_o a_o very_a high_a rent_n and_o such_o tallage_n be_v at_o this_o day_n not_o lay_v aside_o by_o our_o neighbour_n of_o france_n 1661._o in_o very_a many_o place_n be_v les_fw-fr tailles_fw-fr se_fw-fr paient_fw-fr par_fw-fr ceuz_fw-fr du_fw-fr tiers_n estate_n c'est_fw-mi a_o dire_fw-fr par_fw-fr les_fw-fr habitans_fw-la
in_o many_o as_o canterbury_z york_z durham_n lincoln_n coventry_n and_o lichfield_n exeter_n ely_z winchester_n and_o norwich_n much_o abate_v when_o as_o now_o by_o the_o rise_n of_o money_n and_o prize_n they_o be_v great_o different_a from_o what_o they_o then_o weâ—e_v and_o be_v of_o some_o of_o those_o benefice_n and_o spiritual_a promotion_n but_o the_o eight_o or_o ten_o and_o of_o many_o but_o the_o twenty_o part_n and_o receive_v his_o prae-fine_n and_o post-fine_n licence_n and_o pardon_n of_o alienation_n upon_o common_a assurance_n at_o less_o than_o a_o ten_o and_o many_o time_n less_o than_o a_o twenty_o part_n of_o the_o true_a yearly_a value_n of_o the_o land_n or_o rate_n which_o the_o law_n order_v the_o composition_n to_o be_v upon_o oath_n intend_v he_o after_o the_o example_n of_o his_o royal_a father_n who_o permit_v the_o yearly_a value_n of_o land_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o by_o knight-service_n to_o be_v find_v by_o jury_n and_o inquisition_n at_o the_o ten_o 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then_o 20_o s._n and_o 3_o d._n and_o the_o courser_n sort_n of_o pasture_n land_n in_o essex_n now_o let_v for_o 8_o or_o 9_o s._n the_o acre_n and_o meadow_n at_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o shilling_n the_o acre_n be_v then_o in_o that_o county_n and_o in_o many_o fertile_a county_n within_o sixty_o mile_n and_o far_o less_o of_o london_n value_v but_o at_o eight_o penny_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o four_o or_o five_o penny_n the_o acre_n errable_a and_o the_o like_a valuation_n be_v hold_v in_o licence_n of_o mortmain_n in_o all_o his_o extent_n or_o value_n of_o land_n seize_v for_o take_v into_o his_o hand_n receive_v their_o primer_n seisin_n at_o the_o like_a small_a yearly_a rate_n and_o take_v for_o sue_v out_o of_o livery_n which_o may_v be_v resemble_v to_o a_o copiholders_n admittance_n not_o a_o five_o part_n proportionable_o to_o what_o be_v now_o pay_v by_o copiholder_n to_o their_o lord_n of_o manor_n and_o respite_v of_o homage_n as_o they_o be_v tax_v and_o set_v in_o anno_fw-la primo_fw-la jacobi_n in_o a_o very_a easy_a manner_n do_v not_o in_o the_o valuation_n of_o land_n and_o estate_n as_o some_o lord_n of_o manor_n have_v be_v know_v to_o do_v whereby_o to_o rack_v and_o oppress_v the_o widow_n and_o fatherless_a employ_v some_o sycophant_n or_o flatterer_n of_o the_o manor_n to_o overvalue_v they_o or_o have_v some_o decoy_n in_o the_o assess_n of_o fine_n to_o seem_v willing_a to_o pay_v or_o give_v as_o much_o when_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o have_v a_o good_a part_n of_o it_o private_o restore_v unto_o they_o again_o or_o cause_v their_o poor_a tenant_n to_o be_v mislead_v and_o the_o more_o willing_o cozen_v themselves_o by_o credit_v hard_a and_o erroneous_a survey_v take_v lease_n of_o their_o copyhold_n estate_n or_o use_v some_o other_o unwarrantable_a and_o oppressive_a device_n worse_o than_o the_o pharisaical_a committee_n do_v in_o the_o rent_v of_o land_n they_o have_v no_o title_n unto_o when_o they_o do_v put_v man_n to_o box_n one_o another_o by_o overbid_v themselves_o at_o their_o wicked_o improve_n box_n livery_n but_o do_v according_a to_o his_o father_n king_n james_n his_o instruction_n give_v to_o his_o council_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n in_o the_o assess_n of_o fine_n for_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o ward_n and_o rent_v of_o their_o land_n which_o too_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n and_o other_o of_o his_o subject_n do_v never_o or_o very_a seldom_o order_v the_o steward_n of_o their_o manor_n to_o do_v order_n that_o upon_o consideration_n which_o may_v happen_v therein_o either_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o break_a estate_n of_o the_o decease_a want_n of_o provision_n for_o his_o wife_n his_o great_a charge_n of_o child_n unprovided_a for_o infirmity_n or_o tenderness_n of_o the_o heir_n incertainty_n of_o the_o title_n or_o greatness_n of_o the_o encumbrance_n upon_o the_o land_n they_o shall_v have_v liberty_n as_o those_o or_o the_o like_a consideration_n shall_v offer_v themselves_o to_o use_v that_o good_a discretion_n and_o conscience_n which_o shall_v befit_v in_o mitigate_a fine_n or_o rent_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o such_o necessity_n suffer_v the_o fee_n of_o his_o chancery_n and_o court_n of_o common-plea_n and_o kings-bench_n for_o the_o small_a seal_n to_o be_v receve_v 43_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n ed._n 3._o and_o the_o ten_o reserve_v upon_o the_o abbey_n and_o religious_a land_n at_o no_o great_a an_o yearly_a value_n than_o they_o be_v in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o when_o they_o be_v first_o grant_v though_o now_o they_o be_v of_o a_o four_o time_n or_o great_a yearly_a value_n the_o fee_n of_o the_o seal_n of_o original_a and_o judicial_a writ_n and_o process_n in_o wales_n as_o they_o 26._o be_v in_o the_o 34._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o when_o the_o english_a court_n of_o justice_n be_v there_o first_o erect_v take_v six_o penny_n a_o piece_n for_o capon_n reserve_v for_o rent_n in_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n the_o issue_n of_o land_n forfeit_v unto_o he_o upon_o writ_n of_o distringas_fw-la at_o such_o small_a rate_n as_o six_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n upon_o one_o distringas_fw-la and_o 10_o s._n at_o another_o which_o the_o law_n intend_v to_o be_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n distrain_v betwixt_o the_o testae_fw-la and_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n which_o will_v have_v amount_v unto_o twenty_o time_n or_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o and_o receive_v his_o fine_n upon_o formedon_n and_o other_o real_a action_n grant_v and_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o chancery_n at_o most_o gentle_a and_o moderate_a rate_n his_o custom_n inward_a and_o outward_a at_o easy_a rate_n proportionable_a to_o such_o small_a value_n as_o the_o merchant_n advantage_n to_o themselves_o shall_v give_v in_o or_o the_o officer_n or_o commissioner_n for_o the_o king_n at_o the_o custome-house_n shall_v at_o random_n and_o without_o view_n think_v to_o be_v a_o favourable_a and_o easy_a estimate_n some_o single_a one_o of_o which_o before_o recite_v undervaluation_n beside_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o toll_v of_o fair_n and_o market_n if_o right_o and_o just_o pay_v according_a to_o the_o true_a improve_a value_n or_o two_o of_o the_o most_o of_o they_o will_v make_v up_o in_o a_o constant_a revenue_n unto_o he_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o the_o composition_n for_o his_o pourveyance_n yearly_a and_o late_o amount_v unto_o by_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o his_o rate_n or_o price_n and_o those_o of_o the_o market_n a_o due_a consideration_n whereof_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o to_o put_v in_o the_o balance_n may_v induce_v the_o earl_n marquess_n and_o duke_n of_o england_n who_o have_v receive_v their_o honour_n and_o dignity_n from_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n to_o permit_v he_o as_o well_o to_o enjoy_v his_o pourveyance_n and_o reasonable_a support_n &_o maintenance_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o royal_a family_n as_o they_o do_v take_v and_o receive_v of_o he_o their_o creation_n money_n be_v ancient_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o fine_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o county_n whereof_o the_o earl_n be_v denominate_v since_o reduce_v to_o a_o certain_a and_o yearly_a sum_n of_o money_n when_o as_o also_o not_o a_o few_o of_o they_o have_v have_v great_a and_o large_a revenue_n give_v they_o by_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n to_o uphold_v and_o sustain_v their_o dignity_n and_o honour_n and_o the_o bishop_n who_o bishopric_n and_o barony_n and_o most_o of_o the_o revenue_n belong_v unto_o they_o be_v of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o king_n royal_a ancestor_n and_o receive_v their_o investiture_n and_o temporalty_n from_o he_o may_v if_o they_o shall_v think_v the_o compsition_n for_o pourveyance_n ought_v not_o
great_a talbot_n or_o as_o the_o prior_n of_o canterbury_n do_v of_o his_o tenant_n who_o in_o every_o manor_n be_v bind_v ex_fw-la antiqua_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la providere_fw-la priori_fw-la ibidem_fw-la de_fw-la quodam_fw-la palifrido_n competenti_fw-la tempore_fw-la novae_fw-la creation_n suoe_v 6._o by_o ancient_a custom_n to_o present_v the_o prior_n at_o his_o election_n or_o first_o admittance_n a_o palfrey_n fit_v for_o he_o or_o which_o the_o prior_n of_o rochester_n do_v of_o his_o tenant_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o haddenham_n in_o the_o county_n of_o buckingham_n who_o by_o ancient_a custom_n in_o the_o eighteen_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v to_o mow_v and_o make_v the_o lord_n hey_o weed_n his_o grain_n in_o his_o demesne_n pay_v certain_a rend_a corn_n call_v booting_a corn_n and_o five_o hundred_o threescore_o and_o three_o egg_n at_o easter_n which_o in_o anno_fw-la 18_o h._n 6._o be_v by_o a_o agreement_n make_v with_o the_o prior_n of_o rochester_n release_v for_o the_o sum_n of_o three_o pound_n and_o a_o increase_n of_o rent_n from_o thence_o forward_o buck_n viz._n for_o every_o yard_n land_n twelve_o penny_n every_o half_a yard_n land_n six_o penny_n every_o cotland_n eight_o penny_n and_o every_o worthy_a some_o tenant_n so_o call_v four_o penny_n which_o be_v to_o this_o day_n pay_v and_o continue_v and_o be_v beside_o oblige_v by_o their_o custom_n to_o the_o work_n and_o service_n follow_v viz._n that_o every_o tenant_n hold_v a_o yard_n land_n and_o the_o tenant_n of_o two_o half_a yard_n land_n ought_v to_o plough_v the_o demean_v land_n of_o the_o lord_n two_o day_n in_o the_o year_n viz._n in_o winter_n and_o in_o lent_n for_o which_o they_o be_v to_o have_v their_o dinner_n allow_v by_o the_o lord_n every_o tenant_n hold_v a_o yard_n land_n aught_o in_o harvest_n upon_o a_o flesh_n day_n as_o also_o upon_o a_o fish_n day_n to_o be_v assign_v by_o the_o reeve_n or_o bailiff_n to_o find_v two_o able_a person_n every_o holder_n of_o a_o half_a yard_n every_o cotland_n or_o cottogea_n and_o every_o worthy_a aught_o to_o find_v the_o same_o day_n one_o able_a and_o lawful_a person_n with_o hook_n or_o sickle_n to_o reap_v the_o lord_n grain_n in_o his_o demesne_n for_o which_o they_o be_v to_o have_v their_o dinner_n allow_v they_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o farmer_n every_o yard_n land_n ought_v to_o carry_v half_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o lord_n grain_n to_o oxford_n be_v about_o twelve_o mile_n distant_a to_o wallingford_n near_o as_o much_o or_o to_o wickham_n be_v about_o ten_o mile_n distant_a be_v market_n town_n near_o adjoin_v to_o haddenham_n and_o all_o the_o carrier_n be_v to_o have_v one_o penny_n in_o common_a to_o drink_v the_o morrow_n they_o ought_v not_o to_o work_v every_o yard_n land_n aught_o to_o carry_v to_o marlowe_n eleven_o quarter_n of_o grain_n of_o ancient_a measure_n at_o three_o term_n of_o the_o year_n to_o be_v quit_v from_o all_o thing_n by_o six_o week_n after_o and_o to_o carry_v the_o lord_n grain_n from_o his_o demesne_n into_o his_o barn_n from_o the_o further_a field_n four_o load_n from_o dillicot_n field_n six_o load_n and_o if_o they_o carry_v near_o than_o all_o the_o day_n if_o it_o please_v the_o lord_n also_o if_o the_o lord_n shall_v buy_v wood_n every_o yard_n land_n ought_v to_o carry_v two_o load_n of_o wood_n from_o the_o place_n into_o the_o lord_n yard_n so_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o carry_v before_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n michael_n otherwise_o each_o yard_n land_n shall_v only_o carry_v a_o horse_n load_n so_o as_o they_o may_v in_o one_o day_n go_v and_o return_v and_o all_o that_o week_n they_o shall_v remain_v quiet_a likewise_o if_o the_o lord_n shall_v build_v house_n he_o ought_v to_o buy_v timber_n and_o the_o man_n viz._n his_o copyholder_n ought_v to_o bring_v it_o home_o viz._n each_o hide_v every_o day_n one_o load_v until_o the_o whole_a be_v carry_v so_o as_o they_o may_v in_o one_o day_n go_v and_o return_v also_o if_o it_o please_v the_o lord_n to_o send_v for_o fish_n four_o hide_n ought_v to_o be_v summon_v and_o two_o shall_v go_v for_o fish_n to_o gloucester_n which_o be_v about_o six_o and_o thirty_o mile_n from_o thence_o and_o other_o two_o shall_v carry_v it_o to_o rochester_n upon_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o they_o shall_v remain_v quiet_a until_o they_o return_v all_o the_o cotterel_n and_o worthy_a tenant_n ought_v to_o wash_v the_o sheep_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o to_o sheer_a they_o and_o full_o to_o perform_v all_o thereunto_o belong_v and_o have_v nothing_o therefore_o and_o if_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o cotterel_n tenant_n shall_v keep_v he_o and_o be_v so_o due_a and_o of_o so_o long_a a_o continuance_n as_o though_o the_o tenant_n some_o few_o only_o except_v which_o will_v not_o partake_v of_o the_o composition_n and_o be_v still_o content_v to_o do_v their_o work_n and_o carriage_n service_n do_v upon_o a_o reference_n make_v by_o king_n james_n to_o henry_n earl_n of_o manchester_n lord_n precedent_n of_o his_o council_n in_o anno_fw-la 1624._o to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o sir_n henry_n spiller_n then_o lord_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o the_o tenant_n concern_v that_o and_o other_o matter_n within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o viz._n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o martyr_n agree_v for_o a_o release_n of_o the_o say_a service_n not_o acquit_v in_o anno_fw-la 18_o h._n 6._o to_o pay_v yearly_a unto_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n and_o his_o heir_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o three_o penny_n for_o every_o acre_n and_o a_o penny_n for_o every_o message_n or_o cottage_n which_o have_v no_o land_n belong_v unto_o it_o or_o as_o many_o the_o like_a beneficial_a custom_n and_o privilege_n at_o this_o day_n enjoy_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o some_o thousand_o or_o more_o of_o manor_n in_o england_n which_o belon_v unto_o the_o abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n for_o which_o they_o have_v quit_v rent_n or_o other_o payment_n not_o unlike_o the_o composition_n for_o the_o royal_a pourveyance_n or_o that_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o king_n house_n shall_v not_o if_o the_o king_n pourveyance_n and_o praeemption_a have_v not_o be_v remit_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v authority_n to_o do_v as_o much_o as_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o king_n house_n do_v about_o the_o eighteen_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o notwithstanding_o so_o great_a privilege_n immunity_n and_o exemption_n grant_v and_o confirm_v to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n command_v that_o no_o fishmonger_n upon_o pain_n of_o imprisonment_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n shall_v go_v out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o forestall_v any_o sea_n or_o fresh_a fish_n londres_n or_o send_v they_o to_o any_o great_a lord_n or_o religious_a house_n or_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o nor_o keep_v from_o come_v to_o town_n until_o the_o hour_n appoint_v for_o sell_v be_v past_a until_o the_o king_n achator_n or_o pourveyer_n shall_v have_v make_v their_o pourveyance_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n or_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o royal_a ancestor_n king_n richard_n the_o first_o do_v not_o only_o give_v to_o many_o religious_a house_n as_o to_o the_o priory_n of_o royston_n in_o cambridgeshire_n divers_a exemption_n and_o privilege_n to_o be_v free_a from_o carriage_n etc._n etc._n but_o de_fw-fr regalium_fw-la domorum_fw-la aedificatione_n ac_fw-la omnimoda_fw-la operatione_n of_o work_n towards_o the_o repair_n or_o building_n of_o the_o king_n house_n ac_fw-la ut_fw-la silvae_fw-la eorum_fw-la ad_fw-la praedicta_fw-la opera_fw-la aut_fw-la ad_fw-la aliqua_fw-la alia_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la capiantur_fw-la 3._o &_o that_o their_o wood_n or_o timber_n shall_v not_o be_v cut_v or_o take_v for_o that_o or_o any_o other_o purpose_n and_o who_o other_o royal_a progenitor_n have_v abundant_o furnish_v diverse_a abbey_n &_o religious_a house_n with_o privilege_n to_o be_v free_a of_o carriage_n by_o cart_n summage_n upon_o horse_n de_fw-la thesauro_fw-la ducendo_fw-la convoy_n of_o the_o king_n treasure_n de_fw-fr operationibus_fw-la castellorum_fw-la pontium_fw-la parcorum_fw-la &_o murorum_fw-la work_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o build_n or_o repair_v of_o castle_n bridge_n or_o wall_n anglic._n &_o de_fw-fr vaccarum_fw-la solutione_n quae_fw-la dari_fw-la solebant_fw-la pro_fw-la capitibus_fw-la utlagatorum_fw-la and_o the_o payment_n of_o certain_a cow_n or_o cattle_n to_o redeem_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o outlaw_n and_o exemption_n from_o payment_n of_o fumage_n or_o chimney_n money_n lestage_n or_o licence_n to_o carry_v away_o from_o market_n what_o they_o have_v buy_v or_o in_o release_n or_o discharge_v of_o custom_n such_o as_o at_o beleshale_v in_o
upon_o any_o expedition_n by_o land_n or_o sea_n he_o be_v to_o have_v out_o of_o that_o manor_n twenty_o shilling_n to_o feed_v his_o buzcarles_n mariner_n or_o seaman_n or_o take_v for_o every_o five_o hide_n of_o land_n or_o that_o then_o esteem_v honourable_a quantity_n of_o land_n a_o man_n with_o he_o but_o howsoever_o if_o that_o of_o canutus_n discharge_v pourveyance_n be_v a_o law_n neither_o alter_v nor_o repeal_v it_o do_v but_o like_o his_o law_n touch_v ordeal_o and_o deliver_v over_o the_o murderer_n to_o the_o kindred_n &_o other_o of_o his_o law_n which_o prove_v to_o be_v unpracticable_a rather_o make_v the_o matter_n worse_o than_o better_o by_o his_o renounce_n pourveyance_n in_o his_o own_o demesne_n for_o that_o law_n and_o resolution_n of_o his_o do_v meet_v with_o so_o little_a observance_n as_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n rufus_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o brother_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o king_n servant_n and_o court_n for_o want_v of_o their_o former_a provision_n grow_v to_o be_v so_o unruly_a as_o 4.22.94_o multitudo_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la curiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la sequebantur_fw-la quaeque_fw-la pessundaâ—ent_fw-la diriperent_fw-la &_o nulla_fw-la eos_fw-la cohibente_fw-la disciplina_fw-la totam_fw-la terram_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la rex_fw-la ibat_fw-la devastarent_fw-la and_o a_o multitude_n follow_v the_o court_n take_v and_o spoil_v every_o thing_n in_o the_o way_n which_o the_o king_n go_v there_o be_v no_o discipline_n or_o good_a order_n take_v et_fw-la dum_fw-la reperta_fw-la in_o hospitiis_fw-la quae_fw-la invadebant_fw-la penitus_fw-la absumere_fw-la non_fw-la valebant_fw-la ea_fw-la aut_fw-la ad_fw-la forum_n per_fw-la eosdem_fw-la ipsos_fw-la quorun_v erant_fw-la pro_fw-la svo_fw-la lucro_fw-la far_o ac_fw-la vendere_fw-la aut_fw-la supposito_fw-la igne_fw-la cremare_fw-la â—ut_fw-la â—i_fw-la potus_fw-la esset_fw-la lotis_fw-la exinde_fw-la equâ—rum_fw-la suorum_fw-la pedibus_fw-la residuum_fw-la illius_fw-la per_fw-la terram_fw-la effundere_fw-la aut_fw-la aliquo_fw-la alio_fw-la modo_fw-la disperdere_fw-la solebant_fw-la and_o when_o they_o can_v not_o consume_v that_o which_o they_o find_v in_o the_o house_n whereinto_o they_o have_v break_v make_v the_o owner_n carry_v it_o to_o the_o market_n and_o sell_v it_o for_o they_o or_o else_o burn_v their_o provision_n or_o if_o it_o be_v drink_v wash_v their_o horse_n foot_n with_o it_o or_o pour_v it_o upon_o the_o ground_n in_o so_o much_o as_o quique_fw-la preâ—ognito_o regis_fw-la advenâ—u_fw-la sua_fw-la habitacâ—l_fw-it a_o fugithant_n every_o one_o hear_v before_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n come_v will_v run_v away_o from_o their_o house_n which_o probable_o bring_v in_o a_o dearth_n or_o scarcity_n of_o coâ—n_n may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o king_n demean_v land_n bring_v in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o for_o then_o it_o be_v and_o not_o before_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o edmerus_n and_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n who_o live_v in_o his_o time_n to_o the_o king_n their_o plowshare_n instead_o of_o corn_n to_o court_n on_o their_o back_n and_o make_v heavy_a complaint_n of_o their_o poverty_n and_o misery_n procure_v that_o king_n to_o change_v their_o rent_n which_o before_o be_v use_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o corn_n cattle_n and_o provision_n and_o be_v wont_n abundant_o to_o supply_v his_o household_n occasion_n and_o with_o which_o in_o primitivo_fw-la regno_fw-la statu_fw-la post_fw-la conquisitionem_fw-la the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o the_o conquest_n until_o then_o do_v plentiful_o as_o scaccario_n gervasius_n tilburienâ—is_n who_o live_v also_o in_o his_o reign_n have_v relate_v defray_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o court_n and_o household_n into_o money_n with_o six_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n overplus_n leave_v the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n shall_v afterward_o diminish_v but_o whether_o canutâ—â—_n his_o law_n be_v then_o in_o force_n or_o not_o or_o can_v be_v sufficient_a to_o abrogate_v those_o jura_n majestatis_fw-la right_n or_o prerogative_n of_o our_o english_a king_n we_o find_v king_n henry_n the_o first_o after_o those_o disorder_n in_o his_o great_a compliance_n with_o the_o english_a and_o his_o need_n of_o their_o aid_n to_o defend_v he_o against_o the_o pretension_n and_o better_a title_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o his_o couâ—ting_n of_o they_o unto_o it_o per_fw-la libertates_fw-la quas_fw-la sanctus_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la spiritu_fw-la dei_fw-la provide_v sancivit_fw-la by_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o liberty_n of_o holy_a king_n edward_n which_o he_o have_v grant_v they_o and_o a_o promise_n to_o grant_v they_o any_o other_o retain_v his_o pourveyance_n 62._o and_o put_v it_o into_o better_a order_n for_o as_o william_n malmesbury_n have_v record_v it_o 5.91_o curialibus_fw-la suis_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la villarum_fw-la esset_fw-la quantum_fw-la a_o rusticis_fw-la gratis_o accipere_fw-la quantum_fw-la &_o quoto_fw-la praetio_fw-la emere_fw-la debuissent_fw-la edixit_fw-la transgressores_fw-la vel_fw-la gravi_fw-la pecuniarum_fw-la mulcta_fw-la vel_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la dispendio_fw-la afficiens_fw-la direct_v and_o order_v those_o of_o his_o court_n in_o whatsoever_o place_n he_o shall_v abide_v what_o and_o how_o much_o they_o be_v to_o receive_v from_o the_o country_n people_n gratis_o and_o without_o money_n and_o at_o what_o price_n and_o rate_n they_o shall_v buy_v other_o thing_n under_o great_a penalty_n of_o money_n or_o punishment_n by_o death_n and_o be_v optimatibus_fw-la venerabilis_fw-la &_o provincialibus_fw-la amabilis_fw-la reverence_v by_o the_o nobility_n and_o belove_v by_o the_o common_a people_n and_o in_o his_o charter_n which_o be_v for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o the_o original_n of_o our_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la where_o libertatibus_fw-la omnes_fw-la malas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la quibus_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la iniuste_fw-la opprimebatur_fw-la inde_fw-la aufert_fw-la he_o take_v away_o all_o the_o evil_a custom_n with_o which_o england_n be_v oppress_v et_fw-la quas_fw-la as_o the_o charter_n say_v in_o part_n hic_fw-la posuit_fw-la and_o which_o be_v in_o part_n recite_v and_o with_o which_o the_o discontent_a baron_n &_o nobility_n of_o england_n claim_v their_o ancient_a liberty_n be_v so_o well_o content_v in_o the_o 14._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n when_o steven_n langton_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n produce_v it_o unto_o they_o as_o gavisi_fw-la sunt_fw-la gaudio_fw-la magno_fw-la valdè_fw-la &_o juraverunt_fw-la omnes_fw-la quod_fw-la pro_fw-la hiis_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la si_fw-la necesse_fw-la fuerit_fw-la decertabunt_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la they_o great_o rejoice_v and_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v if_o need_n be_v contend_v unto_o death_n for_o those_o liberty_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o evil_n in_o pourveyance_n nor_o any_o order_n for_o the_o take_n of_o they_o away_o and_o may_v as_o just_o &_o rational_o continue_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o his_o grandchild_n as_o that_o custom_n or_o usage_n for_o the_o bishop_n and_o dignify_a clergy_n to_o take_v their_o provision_n of_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o their_o carriage_n or_o cart_n which_o pope_n alexander_n in_o a_o council_n or_o synod_n hold_v at_o rome_n where_o be_v present_v the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n norwich_n hereford_n and_o bath_n and_o divers_a abbot_n send_v from_o england_n do_v notwithstanding_o many_o complaint_n not_o against_o the_o pourveyance_n itself_o but_o the_o immoderate_a use_n of_o it_o only_a limit_n and_o restrain_v they_o secundum_fw-la tolerantiam_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la locis_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la amâ—liores_fw-la fuerint_fw-la redditus_fw-la &_o ecclesiasticae_fw-la facultates_fw-la 333._o in_fw-la pauperibus_fw-la autem_fw-la mensura_fw-la tenenda_fw-la to_o be_v moderate_o take_v in_o such_o place_n as_o have_v more_o large_a possession_n and_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n and_o less_o of_o those_o who_o be_v in_o a_o poor_a condition_n and_o then_o and_o long_o before_o the_o domini_fw-la hundredorum_fw-la lord_n or_o great_a man_n have_v the_o command_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o hundred_o uti_fw-la comes_fw-la aut_fw-la vicecome_fw-la as_o the_o earl_n or_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n have_v hundredus_fw-la multa_fw-la inde_fw-la auxilia_fw-la tributa_fw-la sectas_fw-la aliasque_fw-la praestationes_fw-la cum_fw-la ad_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la tum_fw-la ad_fw-la voluptatem_fw-la cereren_fw-mi nempe_fw-la &_o frumentum_fw-la receperunt_fw-la &c_n &c_n and_o receive_v many_o aid_n tribute_n and_o pourveyance_n aswell_o conduce_v to_o their_o profit_n as_o pleasure_v cujus_fw-la hodie_fw-la nomine_fw-la annuum_fw-la penditur_fw-la tributum_fw-la pecuniarum_fw-la for_o which_o now_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a rent_n in_o money_n pay_v nor_o can_v the_o right_n of_o pourveyance_n &_o praeemption_a be_v any_o thing_n less_o than_o denizend_a in_o scotland_n or_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o our_o british_a isle_n when_o as_o the_o civil_a and_o universal_a law_n of_o the_o world_n be_v there_o so_o long_o ago_o entertain_v and_o yet_o continue_v the_o great_a director_n and_o guider_n of_o their_o justice_n where_o in_o
as_o they_o can_v they_o do_v with_o trumpet_n drum_n and_o music_n by_o water_n in_o their_o several_a barge_n adorn_v with_o the_o banner_n and_o arm_n of_o their_o company_n or_o gild_v conduct_n and_o attend_v their_o lord_n mayor_n to_o be_v swear_v at_o westminster_n although_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o every_o company_n in_o london_n be_v abundant_o or_o very_o well_o endow_v with_o land_n of_o inheritance_n of_o a_o great_a yearly_a value_n and_o great_a stock_n of_o money_n by_o gift_n and_o legacy_n and_o no_o less_o reason_n than_o the_o impose_v of_o a_o penny_n upon_o every_o broad_a cloth_n bring_v to_o sale_n to_o blackwell-hall_n in_o london_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o london_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o city_n for_o hallage_n which_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o mich._n term_n 32_o &_o 33_o eliz._n ordinance_n in_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o london_n case_n adjudge_v to_o be_v lawful_a because_o it_o be_v as_o they_o then_o declare_v pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi publico_fw-la in_o regard_n of_o the_o benefit_n which_o the_o subject_n enjoy_v thereby_o and_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o weal_n public_a and_o can_v not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o charge_n to_o the_o subject_a when_o he_o reap_v benefit_n thereby_o and_o resemble_v it_o to_o pontage_n murage_n toll_n and_o the_o like_a which_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o 13_o h._n 4.14_o be_v reasonable_a the_o subject_n will_v have_v more_o benefit_n by_o it_o then_o the_o charge_n amount_v unto_o and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o town_n or_o parish_n may_v without_o any_o custom_n make_v ordinance_n and_o bylawe_n for_o the_o reparation_n of_o a_o church_n or_o highway_n or_o any_o thing_n which_o be_v 19_o for_o the_o weal_n public_a and_o in_o such_o case_n the_o great_a part_n shall_v bind_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o as_o much_o to_o be_v approve_v as_o the_o wage_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o burgess_n come_v to_o parliament_n which_o be_v tax_v and_o levy_v of_o the_o county_n city_n and_o borough_n some_o few_o as_o those_o which_o hold_v any_o land_n parcel_n of_o a_o earldom_n or_o barony_n only_o except_v and_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o convocation_n or_o clergy_n assess_v upon_o the_o clergy_n the_o synodal_n boâ—oni_fw-la procuration_n proxy_n and_o payment_n make_v and_o pay_v by_o every_o minister_n to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o arch_a deacon_n in_o their_o visitation_n every_o year_n and_o the_o bishop_n every_o three_o year_n who_o be_v enable_v to_o recover_v they_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 34_o and_o 35_o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o cap._n 19_o oblation_n easter_n and_o other_o offering_n for_o the_o further_a supply_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o ministry_n tribute_n custom_n and_o allowance_n to_o governor_n of_o colony_n and_o plantation_n as_o virginia_n new-england_n barbados_n etc._n etc._n or_o 10_o s._n or_o some_o other_o rate_n give_v by_o merchant_n to_o the_o consul_n at_o venice_n smirna_n aleppo_n leghorn_n etc._n etc._n towards_o their_o support_n to_o assist_v they_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o trade_n and_o procure_v justice_n from_o the_o superior_n of_o the_o territory_n the_o pension_n admission_n and_o payment_n in_o the_o university_n and_o the_o several_a college_n and_o hall_n therein_o for_o their_o support_n with_o tax_n also_o sometime_o impose_v for_o public_a entertainment_n of_o the_o king_n queen_n prince_z chancellor_z of_o the_o university_n or_o some_o other_o grandee_n although_o every_o college_n and_o hall_n be_v endow_v with_o large_a yearly_a and_o perpetual_a revenue_n in_o land_n the_o admittance_n yearly_a pension_n and_o payment_n together_o with_o the_o sale_n and_o rent_n of_o many_o chamber_n in_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n chancery_n or_o college_n or_o house_n of_o law_n towards_o the_o maintenance_n charge_n and_o support_v of_o the_o honour_n of_o those_o society_n and_o contribution_n not_o seldom_o make_v and_o enforce_v towards_o public_a treatment_n and_o masque_n the_o payment_n and_o rate_n in_o parish_n for_o pew_v burial_n toll_v a_o pass_a bell_n or_o ring_v he_o and_o his_o companion_n at_o funeral_n which_o if_o not_o enough_o to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o many_o feast_n and_o meeting_n of_o the_o churchwarden_n and_o petty_a state_n of_o the_o parish_n repair_v of_o the_o church_n new_a paint_n and_o adorn_v it_o buy_v new_a bell-rope_n cast_v one_o or_o more_o bell_n build_v the_o steeple_n something_o high_a or_o make_v a_o sumptuous_a dial_n with_o a_o gild_a time_n and_o hourglass_n be_v sure_a enough_o to_o be_v enlarge_v by_o a_o parish_n rate_v or_o tax_n more_o than_o it_o come_v to_o or_o that_o which_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o poor_a tankard_n or_o water-bearer_n at_o the_o conduit_n in_o london_n where_o every_o one_o pay_v three_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n at_o his_o admittance_n and_o a_o penny_n a_o quarter_n towards_o the_o support_n of_o that_o pitiful_a society_n or_o those_o contribution_n sic_fw-la magna_fw-la componere_fw-la paruis_fw-la to_o represent_v great_a thing_n by_o small_a and_o the_o vegetation_n or_o manner_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o a_o oak_n by_o that_o of_o the_o lowly_a shrub_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o more_o impoverish_v sort_n of_o people_n ludgate_n the_o prisoner_n for_o debt_n in_o ludgate_n by_o order_n and_o constitution_n so_o necessary_a be_v government_n and_o order_n and_o the_o support_v thereof_o even_o in_o misery_n of_o their_o own_o sorrowful_a make_n in_o their_o narrow_a confinement_n that_o the_o assistant_n which_o be_v monthly_o choose_v by_o all_o the_o prisoner_n to_o attend_v in_o the_o watch-hall_n all_o day_n to_o call_v down_o prisoner_n to_o stranger_n which_o come_v to_o speak_v with_o they_o change_v money_n for_o the_o crier_n at_o the_o grate_v keep_v a_o account_n in_o write_v what_o money_n or_o gift_n be_v every_o day_n send_v to_o the_o prisoner_n or_o give_v to_o the_o box_n to_o charge_v the_o steward_n with_o it_o upon_o the_o account_n day_n see_v the_o account_n true_o cast_v up_o the_o cellar_n clear_v by_o ten_o of_o the_o clock_n at_o night_n of_o all_o prisoner_n and_o the_o prisoner_n to_o be_v at_o their_o lodging_n quiet_o and_o civil_o have_v his_o share_n of_o six_o penny_n allow_v out_o of_o the_o charity_n money_n every_o night_n whereof_o two_o penny_n be_v to_o be_v for_o the_o assistant_n two_o penny_n for_o the_o master_n of_o the_o box_n and_o the_o other_o two_o penny_n allow_v in_o money_n or_o drink_n unto_o he_o which_o be_v the_o run_a assistant_n or_o unto_o the_o scavenger_n for_o bear_v 2_o candle_n before_o he_o at_o nine_o of_o the_o clock_n at_o night_n and_o ring_v the_o bell_n for_o prayer_n be_v the_o crier_n for_o sale_n at_o the_o market_n for_o the_o charity_n man_n of_o light_a bread_n take_v by_o the_o lord_n maior_n or_o sheriff_n chump_n of_o beef_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n send_v in_o by_o the_o city_n clerk_n of_o the_o market_n and_o unsized_a fish_n by_o the_o water_n bailiff_n with_o many_o other_o small_a employment_n for_o which_o his_o salary_n be_v four_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n per_fw-la month_n and_o two_o penny_n out_o of_o the_o sixteen_o penny_n pay_v by_o every_o prisoner_n at_o his_o first_o come_v and_o the_o scavenger_n who_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o house_n clean_o have_v for_o his_o stand_a salary_n five_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n per_fw-la month_n two_o penny_n for_o every_o prisoner_n at_o his_o first_o come_n out_o of_o the_o sixteen_o penny_n table-money_n by_o he_o pay_v and_o a_o penny_n out_o of_o every_o fine_a impose_v upon_o offender_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o any_o order_n every_o prisoner_n pay_v at_o his_o first_o come_n beside_o many_o other_o fee_n fourteen_o penny_n for_o enter_v his_o name_n and_o turn_v the_o key_n five_o shilling_n for_o a_o garnish_n to_o his_o chamber-fellow_n to_o be_v spend_v in_o coal_n and_o candle_n for_o their_o own_o use_n or_o for_o a_o dinner_n or_o supper_n and_o sixteen_o penny_n to_o one_o of_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o house_n for_o table-money_n out_o of_o which_o candle_n be_v to_o be_v buy_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o house_n every_o night_n set_v up_o in_o place_n necessary_a etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o that_o it_o have_v above_o 60_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la belong_v unto_o it_o charge_v upon_o land_n in_o perpetuity_n and_o many_o other_o considerable_a and_o misuse_v legacy_n which_o have_v be_v settle_v and_o bestow_v upon_o that_o shall_v be_v well_o privilege_v prison_n and_o as_o much_o and_o more_o reasonable_a as_o the_o general_a protection_n and_o defence_n be_v above_o any_o particular_a and_o the_o public_a benefit_n do_v exceed_v any_o that_o be_v private_a as_o those_o payment_n and_o service_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o gratitude_n or_o retribution_n for_o
the_o comfort_n of_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o a_o deanery_n prebenda_fw-la or_o prebendship_n of_o land_n and_o other_o revenue_n annex_v to_o the_o cathedral_n many_o if_o not_o most_o of_o which_o with_o the_o deanerles_a and_o prebendship_n thereunto_o belong_v as_o the_o deanerie_n and_o twelve_o prebend_n of_o westminster_n by_o 1560._o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v of_o the_o foundation_n and_o gift_n of_o the_o king_n royal_a progenitor_n which_o comfortable_a and_o necessary_a support_n of_o our_o bishop_n administer_v by_o their_o clergy_n be_v ex_fw-la antiquo_fw-la and_o long_o ago_o resemble_v by_o some_o or_o the_o like_a usage_n in_o ireland_n where_o the_o coloni_fw-la or_o aldiones_fw-la such_o as_o hold_v in_o socage_n of_o the_o irish_a bishop_n do_v beside_o their_o rent_n and_o tribute_n erga_fw-la reparationes_fw-la matricis_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la quidpiam_fw-la confer_v give_v something_o yearly_a towards_o the_o reparation_n of_o the_o cathedral_n or_o mother_n church_n and_o the_o herenâ—ciis_fw-la herenaci_n another_o sort_n of_o tenant_n so_o call_v do_v beside_o their_o annual_a rent_n cibarià _fw-la quaedam_fw-la episcopo_fw-la exhibere_fw-la bring_v to_o the_o bishop_n certain_a provision_n for_o his_o household_n which_o be_v very_o frequent_a with_o the_o tenant_n of_o land_n hold_v of_o our_o english_a abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n &_o by_o a_o inquisition_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tirone_n in_o anno_fw-la 1608._o it_o be_v by_o a_o jury_n present_v upon_o oath_n that_o there_o be_v quidam_fw-la clerici_fw-la sive_fw-la homines_fw-la literati_fw-la qui_fw-la vocentur_fw-la herinaci_fw-la certain_a learned_a man_n of_o the_o clergy_n who_o be_v call_v herinaci_n &_o ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la seisiti_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o ancient_o be_v seize_v of_o certain_a land_n which_o do_v pay_v to_o the_o archbishop_n or_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n quoddam_fw-la charitativum_fw-la subsidium_fw-la refectiones_fw-la &_o pensiones_fw-la annuales_fw-la secundum_fw-la quantitatem_fw-la terrae_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la patriae_fw-la a_o dutiful_a and_o love_a aid_n and_o some_o provision_n and_o pension_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o their_o land_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n and_o the_o grant_v of_o such_o land_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o deed_n of_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o armach_n in_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1365._o to_o arthur_n and_o william_n mac_n brin_n for_o their_o life_n and_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o at_o the_o yearly_a rent_n of_o a_o mark_n and_o eight_o penny_n sterling_a una_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la oneribus_fw-la &_o servitiis_fw-la inde_fw-la debitis_fw-la &_o consuetis_fw-la with_o all_o other_o charge_n and_o service_n due_a and_o accustom_a have_v in_o they_o sometime_o a_o condition_n of_o quam_fw-la diu_fw-la grati_fw-la fuerint_fw-la &_o obedientes_fw-la so_o long_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v grateful_a and_o obedient_a unto_o they_o wherefore_o the_o baron_n nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o england_n who_o do_v late_o enjoy_v those_o beneficial_a tenor_n by_o knight-service_n now_o unhappy_o as_o the_o consequence_n and_o great_a charge_n and_o burden_n upon_o the_o people_n will_v evidence_n convert_v as_o much_o as_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o majesty_n that_o now_o be_v can_v do_v it_o into_o socage_n which_o be_v at_o the_o first_o only_o give_v for_o service_n and_o assistance_n of_o their_o king_n and_o country_n and_o their_o mesne_fw-la lord_n in_o relation_n thereunto_o and_o have_v beside_o the_o before_o recite_v condition_n many_o a_o beneficial_a custom_n and_o usage_n annex_v and_o fix_v unto_o they_o and_o at_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n have_v much_o of_o the_o land_n give_v and_o grant_v unto_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n in_o tail_n or_o otherwise_o with_o a_o reservation_n of_o a_o ten_o now_o a_o great_a deal_n below_o the_o value_n can_v do_v no_o less_o in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o their_o honour_n dignity_n and_o privilege_n receive_v from_o they_o and_o many_o great_a favour_n continue_v unto_o their_o heir_n and_o successor_n from_o generation_n to_o generation_n then_o do_v that_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o praeemption_n pourveyance_n or_o contribution_n towards_o the_o composition_n or_o serve_v in_o of_o victual_n or_o provision_n for_o his_o majesty_n royal_a household_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o house_n and_o kingdom_n which_o their_o ancestor_n do_v never_o deny_v the_o lord_n major_n of_o london_n who_o do_v take_v and_o re-receive_a yearly_a a_o payment_n or_o tribute_n call_v ale-silver_n and_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n who_o do_v claim_v and_o enjoy_v by_o the_o king_n grant_n charter_n or_o confirmation_n a_o freedom_n from_o all_o â—olls_n &_o lastage_n throughout_o england_n beside_o many_o other_o large_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n and_o such_o as_o trade_n and_o travel_v through_o his_o port_n and_o over_o his_o sea_n into_o foreign_a part_n and_o be_v not_o deny_v their_o bill_n of_o store_n to_o free_v their_o trunk_n and_o wear_v clothes_n and_o other_o necessary_n import_v or_o export_v from_o pay_v any_o custom_n and_o other_o duty_n which_o with_o many_o other_o thing_n disguise_v and_o make_v custome-free_a under_o those_o pretence_n for_o which_o the_o farmer_n of_o the_o custom_n have_v usual_o have_v yearly_a allowance_n and_o defalcation_n will_v amount_v unto_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n pretend_a damage_n by_o the_o composition_n for_o royal_a pourveyance_n shall_v not_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o any_o complaint_n or_o calculation_n of_o it_o when_o as_o both_o citizen_n and_o merchant_n can_v derive_v their_o more_o than_o former_o great_a increase_n of_o trade_n and_o riches_n from_o no_o other_o cause_n or_o fountain_n then_o the_o almost_o constant_a residence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o or_o near_a london_n and_o the_o many_o great_a privilege_n grant_v unto_o they_o and_o obtain_v for_o they_o by_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n the_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demean_v claim_v to_o be_v free_a from_o the_o payment_n of_o toll_n for_o their_o own_o household_n provision_n and_o from_o contribution_n unto_o all_o wage_n assess_v towards_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n or_o burgess_n send_v unto_o the_o parliament_n which_o 543._o sir_n edward_n coke_n believe_v be_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o help_a to_o furnish_v the_o king_n household_n provision_n though_o since_o grant_v to_o other_o person_n and_o their_o service_n turn_v into_o small_a rent_n now_o much_o below_o what_o they_o will_v amount_v unto_o and_o many_o town_n and_o corporation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 1._o the_o resiant_n in_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o romney_n marsh_n university_n of_o oxford_n and_o cambridge_n and_o the_o college_n and_o hall_n therein_o and_o the_o college_n of_o winton_n and_o eton_n claim_v to_o be_v acquit_v from_o the_o payment_n of_o subsidy_n by_o ancient_a exemption_n may_v be_v willing_a to_o pay_v or_o bear_v as_o much_o as_o come_v to_o their_o share_n in_o that_o one_o of_o the_o small_a part_n of_o duty_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v refuse_v by_o such_o as_o will_v fear_v god_n and_o honour_n the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n who_o enjoy_v their_o common_a of_o estover_n in_o many_o of_o the_o king_n wood_n or_o forest_n pannage_n or_o feed_n of_o swine_n with_o acorn_n or_o fetch_v of_o ferne_n from_o thence_o privilege_n of_o deafforrestation_n assart_n land_n pourlieus_fw-la and_o browse_v wood_n and_o have_v common_a of_o vicinage_n and_o common_a appendant_a not_o only_o therein_o but_o in_o most_o of_o his_o manor_n by_o a_o continuance_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o charity_n or_o pity_n of_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n and_o where_o they_o have_v no_o grant_n to_o produce_v for_o those_o and_o many_o other_o favour_n will_v for_o refuge_n and_o to_o be_v sure_a not_o to_o part_v with_o it_o fly_v to_o praescription_n and_o time_n beyond_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n and_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v a_o grant_n thereof_o because_o that_o possible_o there_o may_v have_v be_v one_o shall_v not_o think_v much_o to_o let_v he_o partake_v of_o some_o of_o their_o thanks_o and_o retribution_n which_o will_v not_o amount_v to_o one_o in_o every_o twenty_o for_o all_o the_o benefit_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v of_o his_o royal_a ancestor_n or_o do_v yearly_o receive_v of_o he_o nor_o shall_v forget_v that_o god_n almighty_a the_o maker_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n giver_n of_o all_o good_a thing_n and_o bestower_n of_o blessing_n who_o feed_v his_o people_n of_o israel_n with_o quail_n in_o the_o wilderness_n where_o none_o be_v breed_v manna_n where_o none_o be_v either_o before_o or_o since_o and_o make_v the_o rock_n to_o yield_v water_n do_v in_o his_o theocraty_n or_o government_n of_o they_o by_o his_o law_n and_o edict_n write_v
afterward_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o murrain_n of_o cattle_n and_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a unseasonableness_n of_o those_o year_n twenty_o quarter_n of_o corn_n be_v furnish_v for_o the_o king_n use_n and_o take_v by_o the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n at_o eleven_o shilling_n the_o quarter_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o tally_n strike_v foâ—_n the_o payment_n thereof_o yet_o extant_a in_o his_o majesty_n receipt_n of_o the_o exchequer_n scaâ—caâ—ii_n and_o although_o that_o in_o the_o year_n next_o follow_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o peace_n with_o france_n and_o the_o great_a victory_n before_o obtain_v against_o it_o by_o the_o english_a when_o the_o king_n be_v rich_a and_o the_o people_n rich_a which_o make_v a_o kingdom_n complete_o rich_a with_o the_o riches_n and_o spoil_n gain_v thereby_o and_o that_o great_a store_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n plate_n jewel_n and_o rich_a vestment_n sparsim_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la in_o singulorum_fw-la domibus_fw-la be_v almost_o in_o every_o house_n in_o england_n to_o be_v find_v and_o that_o in_o the_o 23._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o say_a king_n so_o great_a a_o mortality_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n happen_v ut_fw-la vix_fw-la media_fw-la aut_fw-la decima_fw-la pars_fw-la hominum_fw-la remaneret_fw-la as_o scarce_o a_o three_o parâ—_n and_o as_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n not_o above_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o people_n remain_v alive_a which_o must_v needs_o have_v make_v a_o plenty_n of_o money_n &_o tunc_fw-la redditus_fw-la perierunt_fw-la say_v the_o historian_n 168._o hinc_fw-la terra_fw-la ob_fw-la defectum_fw-la colonorum_fw-la qui_fw-la nusquam_fw-la erant_fw-la remansit_fw-la inculta_fw-la tantaque_fw-la miseria_fw-la ex_fw-la bis_fw-la malis_fw-la est_fw-la secuta_fw-la quod_fw-la mundus_fw-la ad_fw-la pristinum_fw-la statum_fw-la redeundi_fw-la nunquam_fw-la postea_fw-la habuit_fw-la facultatem_fw-la insomuch_o as_o rent_n or_o tenant_n for_o land_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v the_o land_n for_o want_n of_o husbandman_n remain_v untilled_a which_o will_v necessary_o produce_v a_o dearth_n and_o scarcity_n of_o victual_n and_o so_o great_a be_v the_o misery_n as_o the_o kingdom_n be_v never_o like_a to_o recover_v its_o former_a condition_n and_o that_o in_o the_o 25._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o king_n coin_v of_o groat_n and_o half_a groat_n 169._o less_o in_o value_n then_o the_o esterling_n money_n victual_n be_v through_o all_o england_n more_o dear_a then_o former_o and_o the_o workman_n artificer_n and_o servant_n raise_v their_o wage_n yet_o in_o anno_fw-la 12_o r._n 2._o though_o there_o be_v a_o great_a dearth_n yet_o wool_n be_v sell_v for_o two_o shilling_n a_o stone_n a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n for_o thirteen_o penny_n 166._o which_o be_v then_o think_v to_o be_v a_o great_a rate_n a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n be_v sell_v the_o year_n before_o for_o six_o penny_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 14._o of_o king_n r._n 2._o in_o a_o account_n make_v in_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o roger_n durston_n the_o king_n bailiff_n scaccaâ—â—i_fw-la he_o reckon_v for_o three_o capon_n pay_v for_o rent_n four_o penny_n half_a penny_n for_o thirteen_o hen_n one_o shilling_n and_o seven_o penny_n for_o a_o ploughshare_n pay_v for_o rent_n eight_o penny_n and_o for_o four_o hundred_o couple_n of_o coney_n at_o three_o penny_n a_o couple_n one_o hundred_o shilling_n in_o anno_fw-la 2_o h._n 5._o the_o parliament_n understand_v four_o pound_n thirteen_o shilling_n four_o penny_n to_o be_v a_o good_a yearly_a allowance_n or_o salary_n for_o a_o chaplain_n 2._o be_v man_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a quality_n so_o great_a a_o cheapness_n be_v there_o then_o of_o victual_n and_o other_o provision_n for_o the_o livelihood_n of_o man_n and_o for_o parish_n priest_n six_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o their_o board_n apparel_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o be_v to_o provide_v that_o juror_n which_o be_v to_o be_v impanel_v touch_v the_o life_n of_o man_n plea_n real_a or_o forty_o mark_n damage_n shall_v be_v as_o the_o statute_n of_o 42_o e._n 3._o c._n 5._o require_v man_n of_o substance_n good_a estate_n and_o credit_n do_v ordain_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v juror_n in_o such_o case_n but_o such_o as_o have_v forty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o land_n above_o all_o charge_n which_o be_v so_o believe_v to_o be_v a_o good_a estate_n in_o 5_o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o which_o be_v almost_o one_o hundred_o year_n after_o as_o the_o parliament_n of_o that_o year_n do_v think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o estate_n competent_a enough_o for_o such_o kind_n of_o man_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o after_o that_o france_n a_o great_a and_o rich_a neighbour_a kingdom_n be_v whole_o conquer_v and_o possess_v by_o the_o english_a who_o have_v not_o then_o learned_a their_o wasteful_a luxury_n or_o mimic_n fashion_n and_o can_v not_o with_o such_o a_o increase_n of_o dominion_n and_o so_o great_a spoil_n and_o riches_n transport_v from_o thence_o hither_o but_o be_v abundant_o and_o more_o than_o former_o full_a of_o money_n the_o price_n and_o rate_n of_o victual_n be_v so_o cheap_a as_o the_o king_n can_v right_v worshipful_o as_o the_o record_n say_v keep_v his_o royal_a court_n which_o then_o can_v be_v no_o mean_a one_o with_o no_o great_a a_o charge_n then_o four_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 33._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v in_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o fifty_o and_o five_o 6._o by_o assent_n of_o parliament_n grant_v to_o his_o son_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n but_o one_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la whilst_o he_o have_v dirt_n and_o lodging_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o servant_n in_o his_o house_n until_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o eight_o year_n and_o afterward_o no_o more_o than_o 2000_o mark_v per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o the_o charge_n of_o his_o wardrobe_n wage_n of_o servant_n and_o other_o necessary_a expense_n whilst_o he_o remain_v in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o king_n his_o â—ather_n which_o be_v then_o think_v sufficient_a to_o support_v the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o england_n though_o now_o such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n can_v by_o some_o one_o that_o mind_v his_o pleasure_n more_o than_o his_o estate_n and_o the_o present_a more_o than_o the_o future_a be_v throw_v away_o in_o one_o night_n or_o day_n at_o card_n or_o dice_n in_o anno_fw-la 37_o h._n 6._o â—rnâ—geâ—i_fw-la meadow_n in_o derbyshire_n be_v value_v but_o at_o ten_o penny_n per_fw-la acre_n and_o errable_a land_n at_o three_o penny_n in_o the_o 22._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o â—_o which_o be_v â—n_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o eighty_o and_o two_o the_o price_n and_o value_n of_o six_o ox_n be_v at_o the_o high_a valuation_n but_o ten_o pound_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n h_n 7._o which_o be_v in_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o ninety_o and_o two_o wheat_n be_v sell_v at_o london_n for_o twenty_o penny_n the_o bushel_n which_o be_v then_o account_v a_o great_a dearth_n and_o three_o year_n after_o for_o six_o penny_n the_o bushel_n bay_a salt_n for_o three_o penny_n half_a penny_n nampâ—wich_n salt_n for_o six_o penny_n the_o bushel_n white_a herring_n nine_o shilling_n the_o barrel_n red_a herring_n three_o shilling_n the_o cade_n in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n gascoign_n wine_n be_v sell_v at_o london_n for_o forty_o shilling_n the_o tun_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n for_o four_o shilling_n in_o the_o 24._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o a_o fat_a ox_n be_v sell_v at_o london_n for_o 26_o s._n &_o a_o half_a penny_n a_o pound_n for_o beef_n and_o pork_n 3._o and_o a_o half_a penny_n farthing_n a_o pound_n for_o veal_n and_o mutton_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n think_v to_o be_v a_o reasonable_a price_n and_o with_o gain_n enough_o afford_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n mary_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o fifty_o and_o seven_o when_o very_o many_o family_n and_o multitude_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n have_v be_v but_o a_o little_a before_o great_o moneyed_a &_o enrich_v by_o the_o land_n &_o spoil_n or_o the_o monastery_n and_o other_o religious_a house_n and_o their_o large_a possession_n wheat_n be_v sell_v before_o harvest_n for_o four_o mark_n the_o quarter_n malt_n at_o four_o and_o forty_o shilling_n the_o quarter_n and_o pease_n at_o six_o and_o forty_o shilling_n and_o eight_o penny_n england_n but_o after_o harvest_n wheat_n be_v sell_v at_o london_n for_o five_o shilling_n the_o quarter_n malt_n at_o six_o
of_o himself_o and_o his_o own_o posterity_n to_o further_o and_o advance_v the_o people_n cheat_v and_o oppress_v of_o one_o another_o or_o to_o cause_v the_o king_n to_o pay_v the_o dear_a or_o incur_v so_o great_a a_o damage_n as_o now_o it_o plain_o appear_v he_o do_v in_o his_o housekeep_n for_o want_n of_o his_o pourveyance_n when_o as_o all_o the_o land_a and_o rich_a man_n in_o england_n all_o the_o farmer_n and_o all_o the_o citizen_n and_o tradesman_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o late_a of_o who_o like_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la can_v eat_v and_o make_v their_o way_n to_o be_v saviour_n through_o the_o dear_a or_o high_a rate_n or_o price_n of_o household_n provision_n by_o adulterate_v or_o raise_v their_o commodity_n or_o as_o a_o london_n brewer_n late_o say_v concern_v the_o excise_n upon_o ale_n and_o beer_n that_o it_o shall_v never_o hurt_v he_o whilst_o there_o be_v water_n enough_o in_o the_o thames_n those_o of_o that_o profession_n be_v not_o content_v to_o be_v repay_v by_o the_o housekeeper_n the_o six_o penny_n rate_v for_o the_o excise_n upon_o every_o barrel_n of_o six_o shilling_n beer_n unless_o they_o may_v leave_v out_o of_o such_o a_o barrel_n of_o beer_n six_o penny_n worth_a of_o malt_n and_o make_v it_o by_o a_o half_a boil_a of_o it_o to_o save_v the_o expense_n of_o fire_n little_o better_o than_o so_o much_o half_a sodden_a water_n and_o be_v not_o satisfy_v also_o with_o such_o a_o unchristian_a cozen_a of_o the_o people_n and_o make_v their_o drink_n by_o such_o their_o do_n and_o put_v in_o broom_n and_o other_o noxious_a ingredient_n in_o stead_n of_o hopps_n to_o be_v as_o unwholesome_a as_o it_o be_v weak_a and_o naughty_a unless_o they_o may_v likewise_o cozen_v the_o king_n of_o his_o due_n upon_o the_o excise_n and_o put_v as_o many_o trick_n as_o they_o can_v upon_o he_o and_o his_o law_n and_o officer_n and_o when_o by_o these_o and_o many_o other_o device_n they_o make_v themselves_o very_o great_a gainer_n by_o the_o excise_n in_o abuse_v both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n be_v as_o busy_a as_o any_o in_o raise_v the_o cry_n against_o the_o excise_n as_o a_o very_a great_a grievance_n and_o when_o all_o the_o mechanic_n and_o rustic_a part_n of_o the_o nation_n workman_n day-laborer_n maidservant_n and_o man-servant_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v saviour_n but_o gainer_n by_o the_o enhance_v of_o rate_n and_o price_n and_o the_o king_n only_o and_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v the_o very_a great_a loser_n and_o sufferer_n by_o it_o or_o for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a that_o the_o pinch_n and_o hardship_n shall_v lie_v all_o on_o the_o prince_n part_n and_o he_o only_o be_v the_o great_a loser_n by_o his_o want_n of_o praeemption_n pourveyance_n or_o composition_n of_o the_o county_n as_o he_o have_v former_o be_v as_o a_o amorite_n or_o stranger_n in_o our_o israel_n and_o pay_v usury_n for_o his_o victual_n by_o be_v constrain_v to_o give_v two_o part_n in_o three_o or_o more_o sometime_o then_o forty_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o the_o household_n provision_n which_o his_o officer_n and_o servant_n do_v buy_v or_o provide_v for_o he_o four_o part_n in_o five_o in_o many_o thing_n &_o six_o part_n in_o seven_o in_o some_o other_o more_o than_o the_o market_n rate_v and_o price_n be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n when_o the_o composition_n be_v make_v by_o the_o county_n and_o willing_o assent_v unto_o or_o that_o now_o there_o be_v a_o great_a plenty_n of_o food_n and_o household_n provision_n trade_n and_o manufacture_n than_o be_v in_o the_o former_a age_n and_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v afford_v to_o be_v sell_v as_o cheap_a as_o they_o be_v retroactis_fw-la seculis_fw-la or_o some_o hundred_o year_n ago_o or_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o four_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o cheap_a than_o they_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n every_o thing_n shall_v be_v dear_a to_o he_o then_o to_o other_o or_o that_o so_o great_a a_o increase_n of_o rate_n and_o price_n as_o have_v be_v within_o this_o last_o hundred_o year_n and_o all_o the_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o they_o which_o have_v be_v bring_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n by_o private_a and_o particular_a interest_n the_o non_fw-fr execution_n of_o good_a law_n and_o the_o neglect_n and_o carelesseness_n of_o the_o subordinate_a magistrate_n justice_n of_o peace_n and_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n shall_v with_o a_o addition_n be_v continue_v and_o fix_v upon_o the_o king_n who_o if_o he_o shall_v resume_v but_o his_o tolles_n in_o fair_n and_o market_n which_o the_o civilian_n do_v right_o enough_o derive_v a_o tollendo_fw-la from_o take_v many_o of_o which_o be_v now_o account_v to_o be_v as_o the_o propriety_n &_o inheritance_n of_o private_a man_n or_o lord_n of_o manor_n &_o be_v in_o some_o case_n more_o by_o the_o indulgence_n of_o the_o king_n royal_a progenitor_n and_o a_o prescription_n claim_v by_o long_a enjoyment_n or_o continuance_n of_o favour_n then_o the_o jure_fw-la or_o be_v by_o grant_n or_o confirmation_n allow_v where_o they_o be_v before_o but_o usurp_v and_o withhold_v from_o he_o and_o a_o royalty_n and_o prerogative_n so_o ancient_o allow_v in_o the_o roman_a empire_n as_o valens_n and_o valentinian_n the_o emperor_n a_o mercatoribus_fw-la seu_fw-la negotiatoribus_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la domum_fw-la imperialem_fw-la pertinent_a exegerunt_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la debitam_fw-la pensionum_fw-la ex_fw-la emolumentis_fw-la negotiationum_fw-la c._n do_v raise_v a_o good_a part_n of_o their_o pourveyance_n or_o provision_n for_o their_o household_n out_o of_o the_o tolles_n or_o profit_n make_v by_o fair_n and_o market_n those_o of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n who_o do_v claim_v a_o exemption_n from_o the_o payment_n of_o they_o and_o those_o very_o many_o proprietor_n of_o land_n or_o manor_n who_o by_o many_o royal_a grant_n and_o favour_n do_v claim_v and_o enjoy_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o tolles_n will_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a damage_n and_o prejudice_n unto_o they_o than_o that_o which_o the_o olivariaâ—_n party_n and_o the_o troubler_n of_o our_o israel_n pretend_v to_o be_v by_o the_o royal_a pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o or_o shall_v as_o he_o never_o do_v let_v his_o land_n to_o the_o uttermost_a penny_n measure_v his_o gift_n or_o bounty_n by_o that_o of_o private_a man_n and_o proportion_n his_o favour_n according_a to_o his_o want_n or_o occasion_n of_o keep_v or_o save_v what_o he_o can_v for_o himself_o or_o the_o ingratitude_n or_o forgetfulness_n of_o those_o which_o receive_v they_o and_o be_v as_o unwilling_a to_o answer_v &_o acknowledge_v benefit_n as_o too_o many_o be_v unto_o he_o or_o take_v his_o relief_n herriot_n first_o fruit_n fee_n farm_n quit_v rent_n custom_n fine_n for_o alienation_n fines_n certain_a or_o incertain_a of_o his_o copyhold_n estate_n at_o the_o full_a and_o present_a value_n and_o the_o fee_n for_o his_o seal_n in_o chancery_n and_o the_o other_o court_n and_o all_o his_o subsidy_n according_a to_o the_o alteration_n of_o money_n &_o the_o disproportion_n betwixt_o the_o present_a and_o the_o former_a rate_n there_o will_v be_v cause_n enough_o for_o they_o to_o acknowledge_v his_o favour_n already_o receive_v and_o believe_v that_o those_o small_a retribution_n in_o his_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o will_v bear_v so_o small_a a_o part_n in_o the_o balance_n as_o they_o shall_v rather_o lay_v their_o hand_n upon_o their_o mouth_n and_o rest_v assure_v that_o they_o which_o be_v daily_o crave_v and_o gain_v by_o the_o king_n and_o blessed_v with_o a_o peace_n and_o plenty_n under_o his_o government_n care_n and_o protection_n shall_v be_v ashamed_a to_o make_v he_o to_o be_v so_o great_a a_o loose_a and_o themselves_o such_o gainer_n by_o his_o loss_n and_o damage_n and_o that_o it_o can_v no_o way_n become_v they_o to_o suffer_v he_o that_o grant_v or_o confirm_v their_o fair_n and_o market_n to_o be_v oppress_v by_o they_o pay_v a_o shilling_n and_o many_o time_n more_o for_o every_o groat_n he_o disburse_v for_o his_o necessary_a occasion_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o the_o distribution_n of_o his_o bounty_n and_o reward_n give_v a_o shilling_n &_o more_o for_o every_o groat_n which_o he_o intend_v to_o give_v shall_v be_v kind_a to_o every_o body_n and_o receive_v in_o acknowledgement_n thereof_o no_o more_o than_o to_o get_v &_o keep_v all_o they_o can_v from_o he_o which_o in_o their_o own_o particular_a estate_n will_v bring_v no_o less_o than_o ruin_n to_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n and_o those_o that_o so_o very_a much_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o put_v he_o to_o more_o expense_n than_o
warwickshire_n belong_v to_o some_o religious_a house_n where_o they_o be_v to_o mow_v three_o day_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o house_n three_o day_n to_o blow_n and_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o house_n to_o reap_v one_o day_n 528._o and_o to_o have_v a_o weather_n sheep_n or_o eight_o penny_n or_o twenty_o five_o loaf_n or_o piece_n of_o bread_n one_o of_o the_o best_a cheese_n in_o the_o house_n and_o a_o measure_n of_o salt_n and_o if_o any_o horse_n colt_n be_v fole_v upon_o the_o land_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v sell_v without_o licence_n nor_o be_v any_o of_o the_o tenant_n to_o marry_v a_o daughter_n without_o licence_n and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o township_n of_o berstanestone_n in_o warwickshire_n horse_n colt_n fole_v upon_o the_o land_n be_v not_o to_o be_v sell_v without_o licence_n for_o which_o a_o penny_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v nor_o any_o of_o their_o daughter_n to_o be_v marry_v without_o licence_n etc._n etc._n which_o in_o divers_a old_a charter_n and_o confirmation_n of_o our_o king_n and_o prince_n do_v frequent_o occur_v may_v evidence_n that_o such_o or_o the_o like_a be_v once_o undeniable_a duty_n to_o their_o king_n and_o benefactor_n and_o only_o release_v in_o favour_n of_o those_o which_o be_v the_o owner_n and_o proprietor_n of_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n and_o be_v now_o enjoy_v be_v former_o regality_n and_o right_n inherent_a and_o vest_v in_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n shall_v retain_v no_o liberty_n or_o privilege_n for_o himself_o and_o that_o the_o quit_v rent_n as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v &_o take_v by_o the_o owner_n and_o proprietor_n of_o some_o of_o the_o abbey_n and_o religious_a land_n for_o eleemosinae_n 264._o or_o alms-money_n give_v by_o founder_n or_o other_o charitable_a person_n &_o many_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n former_o pay_v for_o mortuary_n pardon_n indulgence_n pitance_n or_o pourveyance_n and_o oblation_n which_o be_v at_o this_o time_n keep_v on_o foot_n and_o receive_v under_o the_o name_n and_o notion_n of_o quit_n rent_n may_v put_v they_o in_o mind_n how_o necessary_a it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o pourveyance_n to_o the_o king_n be_v the_o heir_n and_o successor_n of_o many_o of_o those_o which_o give_v they_o and_o how_o unbecoming_a the_o duty_n of_o subject_n partake_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o it_o will_v be_v that_o the_o king_n who_o royal_a ancestor_n saint_n edward_n the_o king_n give_v for_o ever_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n edmond_n bury_v the_o manor_n of_o mildenhall_n in_o suffolk_n to_o buy_v wheaten_a bread_n for_o the_o monk_n to_o prevent_v their_o necessity_n of_o eat_a barley_n bread_n 297._o which_o he_o perceive_v they_o to_o do_v when_o he_o come_v once_o to_o visit_v they_o king_n john_n give_v for_o ever_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o king_n edward_z the_o first_o as_o many_o other_o king_n of_o england_n have_v do_v to_o other_o monastery_n and_o religious_a house_n give_v and_o confirm_v for_o ever_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n edmund_n bury_v divers_a manor_n land_n tyth_n and_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o a_o very_a great_a yearly_a revenue_n to_o maintain_v their_o hospitality_n pitance_n and_o liuâ—â—es_n of_o servant_n and_o for_o the_o relief_n of_o stranger_n and_o poor_a people_n come_v thither_o shall_v now_o have_v his_o own_o hospitality_n and_o the_o mean_n to_o support_v it_o take_v from_o he_o and_o that_o if_o all_o the_o custom_n privilege_n and_o royalty_n as_o they_o be_v call_v which_o be_v now_o perform_v and_o willing_o assent_v unto_o by_o tenant_n and_o enjoy_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o other_o manor_n by_o the_o power_n and_o privilege_n derive_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o king_n &_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n be_v true_o represent_v and_o bring_v to_o a_o public_a view_n together_o with_o all_o the_o privilege_n liberty_n exemption_n and_o immunity_n grant_v unto_o the_o city_n borough_n and_o town_n corporate_a of_o england_n it_o may_v be_v wonder_v how_o they_o that_o enjoy_v so_o much_o &_o so_o many_o liberty_n &_o favour_n from_o the_o king_n &_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n by_o grant_n or_o prescribe_a indulgence_n shall_v think_v there_o can_v be_v any_o reason_n to_o deny_v he_o those_o his_o most_o just_a necessary_a and_o ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n of_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o be_v so_o careful_a to_o preserve_v and_o keep_v their_o own_o and_o it_o will_v be_v something_o more_o than_o unfitting_a that_o the_o king_n who_o royal_a ancestor_n have_v allow_v so_o many_o of_o his_o subject_n those_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n shall_v be_v debar_v from_o a_o great_a right_a and_o legal_a liberty_n in_o his_o own_o case_n or_o when_o he_o shall_v make_v his_o progress_n to_o chester_n shall_v be_v refuse_v that_o privilege_n more_o ancient_a than_o the_o conquest_n of_o have_v of_o every_o yard_n land_n two_o hundred_o capon_n or_o caponet_n a_o fat_a or_o stand_v of_o beer_n and_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o butter_n cestre_fw-fr which_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o domesday_n be_v by_o custom_n or_o tenure_n to_o be_v provide_v for_o he_o and_o not_o enjoy_v as_o much_o liberty_n as_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n do_v when_o he_o can_v privilege_v nigell_n de_fw-mi haulton_fw-mi his_o constable_n and_o his_o heir_n quod_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la praedicti_fw-la nigelli_n opus_fw-la erant_fw-la necessaria_fw-la emant_fw-la ministri_fw-la svi_fw-la ante_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la cestriae_fw-la nisi_fw-la praenominati_fw-la comitis_fw-la ministri_fw-la praevenerint_fw-la sine_fw-la cujuscunque_fw-la contradictione_n that_o his_o servant_n shall_v in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n without_o contradiction_n have_v a_o praeemption_a before_o any_o but_o the_o earl_n servant_n and_o officer_n or_o as_o the_o abbot_n of_o burgh_n who_o have_v a_o pâ—aeâ—emption_n in_o all_o necessary_n concern_v the_o abbey_n &_o a_o privilege_n to_o pay_v a_o half_a penny_n cheap_a than_o other_o in_o every_o hundred_o of_o herring_n or_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n who_o be_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n to_o have_v a_o praeemption_a for_o any_o of_o his_o provision_n to_o be_v buy_v in_o london_n anglic._n as_o well_o as_o any_o of_o the_o king_n officer_n the_o abbot_n of_o st._n edmond_n bury_n have_v a_o like_a privilege_n for_o his_o fodder_n corn._n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o royal_a ancestor_n king_n aethelstane_n be_v able_a to_o give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o beverlye_n quasdam_fw-la avenas_fw-la vulgariter_fw-la dictas_fw-la hestcorn_n percipiendas_fw-la de_fw-la dominiis_fw-la &_o ecclesiis_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la partibus_fw-la certain_a oat_n common_o call_v hestcorne_n to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o his_o demesne_n and_o the_o church_n in_o those_o part_n which_o by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o religious_a house_n be_v now_o probable_o claim_v and_o enjoy_v by_o layman_n and_o do_v in_o anno_fw-la dom._n 936._o ex_fw-la sua_fw-la regalitate_fw-la by_o his_o kingly_a authority_n say_v the_o history_n of_o that_o foundation_n give_v towards_o the_o hospitality_n and_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a come_n to_o the_o hospital_n of_o st._n peter_n or_o st._n leonard_n in_o york_n the_o qual_a bet_n caruca_n arante_fw-la in_o episcopatu_fw-la eboraci_fw-la unam_fw-la travam_fw-la bladi_fw-la out_o of_o every_o yard_n land_n of_o errable_a in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o york_n one_o thrave_a which_o be_v four_o and_o twenty_o sheaf_n of_o corn_n et_fw-la ex_fw-la consensu_fw-la incolarum_fw-la episcopatus_fw-la eboraci_fw-la rex_fw-la habuit_fw-la say_v that_o historian_n travas_n praedictas_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o successoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la sic_fw-la quod_fw-la exterminaret_fw-la lupos_fw-la patriam_fw-la devastantes_fw-la and_o be_v afterwards_o grant_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o will_v destroy_v the_o wolf_n which_o waste_v that_o country_n 368._o erat_fw-la siquidem_fw-la in_o diocesi_fw-la eboracensi_fw-la tanta_fw-la adtunc_fw-la multitudo_fw-la luporum_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la fere_n villanorum_fw-la bestias_fw-la devorarunt_fw-la for_o there_o be_v in_o that_o diocese_n such_o a_o multitude_n of_o wolf_n which_o king_n aethelstane_n thereupon_o destroy_v as_o they_o almost_o devour_v all_o the_o beast_n and_o cattle_n belong_v to_o the_o countryman_n shall_v now_o that_o the_o county_n and_o bishopric_n of_o york_n have_v in_o all_o the_o after_o age_n and_o succession_n of_o our_o king_n not_o only_o receive_v of_o they_o many_o and_o great_a benefit_n but_o have_v be_v by_o their_o many_o good_a law_n and_o government_n protect_v and_o defend_v from_o all_o manner_n of_o wolf_n be_v deny_v so_o small_a a_o observance_n or_o retribution_n as_o the_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o which_o be_v charge_v upon_o that_o county_n or_o bishopric_n do_v amount_v unto_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n do_v either_o not_o
of_o money_n raise_v by_o tax_n have_v but_o enforce_v a_o conquest_n of_o less_o than_o a_o sixâ—eenth_o part_n of_o those_o great_a and_o rich_a territory_n which_o may_v once_o have_v be_v have_v at_o a_o cheap_a rate_n and_o if_o we_o will_v but_o regard_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o the_o gratitude_n which_o like_o the_o blood_n be_v wont_a to_o circulate_v and_o attend_v their_o heart_n shall_v blush_v to_o take_v a_o lesser_a care_n of_o the_o king_n right_n and_o preeminence_n then_o our_o ancestor_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v who_o in_o a_o parliament_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o 42._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n declare_v that_o they_o can_v not_o assent_v to_o any_o thing_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n to_o which_o they_o be_v swear_v and_o in_o a_o parliament_n in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o do_v pray_v the_o king_n that_o the_o prerogative_n of_o he_o and_o his_o crown_n may_v be_v keep_v that_o all_o thing_n do_v or_o attempt_v to_o the_o contrary_n may_v be_v redress_v and_o that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v as_o free_a as_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n be_v or_o to_o deny_v those_o ancient_a right_n of_o praeemption_a and_o pourveyance_n or_o the_o former_a composition_n for_o they_o to_o a_o king_n who_o have_v rescue_v we_o from_o a_o slavery_n from_o which_o we_o can_v not_o redeem_v ourselves_o and_o restore_v all_o the_o factious_a and_o rebellious_a party_n to_o their_o forfeit_a law_n and_o liberty_n or_o that_o he_o shall_v meet_v with_o no_o better_a acknowledgement_n then_o that_o those_o who_o profess_v that_o their_o life_n estate_n and_o fortune_n shall_v be_v at_o his_o dispose_n in_o order_n to_o his_o service_n and_o that_o they_o will_v be_v tenant_n in_o cord_n shall_v by_o deny_v hâ—s_n praeemption_a and_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o but_o be_v tenant_n in_o ore_n and_o by_o their_o high_a rate_n and_o imposition_n upon_o his_o household_n provision_n make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o take_v ex_fw-la over_o svo_fw-la that_o which_o shall_v maintain_v he_o &_o his_o household_n and_o that_o the_o king_n who_o public_o profess_v that_o he_o be_v much_o trouble_v that_o his_o people_n shall_v come_v flock_v as_o they_o do_v to_o whitehal_o to_o see_v he_o where_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o â—eed_v they_o shall_v now_o be_v so_o much_o necessitate_v or_o impose_v upon_o as_o he_o be_v by_o his_o want_n of_o pourveyance_n and_o the_o former_a way_n of_o composition_n for_o they_o or_o that_o the_o maligner_n of_o our_o english_a honour_n and_o prosperity_n shall_v publish_v it_o in_o gath_n or_o askelon_n or_o have_v cause_n to_o upbraid_v we_o with_o hic_fw-la clarae_fw-la virtutis_fw-la honos_fw-la haec_fw-la gloria_fw-la sceptri_fw-la hoc_fw-la magni_fw-la decus_fw-la imperii_fw-la tale_n ve_fw-la triumphâ—s_fw-la be_v these_o the_o promise_n this_o the_o high_a renown_n great_a empire_n honour_n glory_n of_o a_o crown_n or_o that_o our_o return_v shall_v be_v no_o more_o to_o a_o king_n who_o do_v not_o as_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o greece_n the_o spawn_n and_o nursery_n of_o republike_n zonaras_n fill_v their_o treasury_n with_o tax_n &_o impose_v ten_o drachma_n upon_o every_o house_n assessment_n upon_o every_o payment_n of_o silver_n money_n and_o tax_n upon_o beggar_n &_o whore_n and_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a upon_o cattle_n dung_n horse_n mule_n ass_n ox_n and_o 3._o penny_n upon_o every_o dog_n or_o the_o fumaria_fw-la tributa_fw-la chimney_n money_n leavy_v by_o nicephorus_n the_o emperor_n the_o chimney_n money_n which_o be_v now_o take_v in_o england_n be_v of_o late_a only_o grant_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n to_o supply_v the_o decay_a revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n with_o a_o tax_n likewise_o upon_o every_o man_n that_o grow_v sudden_o rich_a upon_o a_o presumption_n that_o he_o have_v find_v some_o treasure_n which_o by_o prerogative_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n a_o canon_n or_o canonicum_fw-la tributum_fw-la ordinary_a or_o constant_a yearly_a tribute_n amount_v in_o the_o whole_a to_o as_o much_o as_o 17_o s._n six_o penny_n beside_o a_o sheep_n oriental_n six_o bushel_n of_o barley_n six_o bushel_n of_o bran_n six_o measure_n of_o wine_n and_o thirty_o hen_n impose_v upon_o every_o village_n vectigalibus_fw-la have_v thirty_o chimney_n impose_v by_o â—saacus_fw-la commenius_n the_o emperor_n or_o a_o tax_n upon_o the_o rich_a to_o excuse_v the_o poor_a nor_o as_o the_o roman_n do_v whilst_o they_o be_v a_o commonwealth_n impose_v a_o tax_n or_o imposition_n but_o in_o case_n of_o present_a great_a necessity_n empire_n and_o by_o the_o people_n consent_n in_o parliament_n de_fw-la agris_fw-la &_o pascuis_fw-la or_o a_o land_n assessment_n to_o make_v a_o aerarium_fw-la or_o treasury_n to_o supply_v future_a emergency_n or_o collect_v aurum_fw-la vicesimarium_fw-la administrat_fw-la a_o twenty_o pevy_n of_o every_o man_n estate_n ad_fw-la ultimos_fw-la casus_fw-la to_o support_v the_o commonwealth_n when_o it_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v distress_v civil_a or_o a_o tax_n before_o hand_n to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o war_n in_o gaul_n when_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o or_o poll-money_n without_o common_a assent_n and_o a_o imposition_n or_o tax_n upon_o salt_n nor_o raise_v tax_n and_o tribute_n as_o they_o do_v tributim_fw-la a_fw-la singulis_fw-la ad_fw-la tributum_fw-la solvendum_fw-la aerario_fw-la bellis_fw-la exinanito_fw-la to_o fill_v again_o their_o treasury_n exhaust_v by_o war_n a_o tax_n or_o rate_n upon_o wine_n a_o ten_o of_o all_o corn_n oil_n manilia_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o a_o twenty_o penny_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a caesaris_fw-la a_o vectigal_a or_o tribute_n for_o fish_n in_o lake_n and_o fish_n pond_n a_o yearly_a pension_n for_o every_o house_n in_o rome_n their_o aedilitia_n vectigalia_fw-la a_o tribute_n to_o maintain_v their_o theater_n or_o playhouse_n siliquaticum_fw-la a_o certain_a toll_n in_o market_n and_o fair_n fratrem_fw-la vectigal_a macelli_fw-la a_o excise_n upon_o all_o flesh_n and_o victual_n a_o ten_o of_o legacy_n the_o decumae_fw-la or_o ten_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n give_v by_o a_o husband_n to_o a_o wife_n or_o a_o wife_n to_o a_o husband_n if_o they_o have_v no_o child_n papia_n and_o a_o portorium_n or_o custom_n for_o exportation_n or_o importation_n of_o commodity_n do_v not_o make_v his_o census_n or_o assessment_n so_o penal_a in_o the_o not_o due_a discovery_n of_o the_o people_n estate_n as_o the_o roman_n those_o great_a pretender_n to_o love_n and_o liberty_n do_v in_o they_o wherein_o wife_n servant_n and_o child_n be_v not_o exempt_v sub_fw-la poena_fw-la publicationis_fw-la inflicta_fw-la his_fw-la qui_fw-la nollent_fw-la bona_fw-la sua_fw-la aestimari_fw-la uâ—l_fw-la mala_fw-la fide_fw-la minoris_fw-la quam_fw-la valerent_fw-la aestimari_fw-la paterentur_fw-la roman_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o a_o forftiture_n of_o their_o good_n if_o they_o shall_v refuse_v to_o have_v their_o estate_n assess_v or_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v under_o value_v and_o exact_v a_o rate_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o burial_n of_o such_o as_o die_v extra_fw-la patriam_fw-la 50._o and_o be_v bring_v home_o to_o be_v bury_v or_o such_o tax_n as_o be_v afterward_o impose_v by_o the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n when_o that_o grand_a and_o universal_a commonwealth_n revolve_v into_o its_o first_o constitution_n and_o a_o monarchy_n as_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o all_o man_n make_v free_a in_o italy_n and_o a_o four_o of_o the_o native_n or_o freeholders_n impose_v by_o lepidus_n and_o antonius_n in_o their_o triumvirate_n with_o augustus_n augusto_n or_o as_o augustus_n caesar_n the_o best_a of_o their_o emperor_n or_o monarch_n do_v who_o exact_v the_o four_o part_n of_o every_o man_n revenue_n and_o the_o eight_o of_o every_o man_n good_n which_o be_v make_v free_a to_o furnish_v a_o aerarium_fw-la militare_fw-la or_o magazine_n of_o money_n for_o the_o souldery_n a_o centesima_fw-la pars_fw-la or_o hundred_o penny_n of_o all_o thing_n sell_v a_o twenty_o part_n or_o penny_n of_o all_o legacy_n and_o grant_n of_o inheritance_n the_o vicesima_fw-la quinta_fw-la or_o twenty_o five_o part_n of_o all_o thing_n sell_v in_o the_o country_n market_n town_n the_o quinquagesima_fw-la or_o fifty_o part_n of_o wild_a beast_n bring_v to_o be_v sell_v and_o fifteen_o penny_n sterling_a for_o the_o piece_n of_o money_n take_v out_o of_o the_o fish_n mouth_n which_o pay_v the_o poll-money_n for_o our_o saviour_n christ_n and_o peter_n be_v by_o good_a author_n reckon_v to_o be_v two_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n sterling_a for_o poll_n money_n the_o hundred_o part_n of_o all_o thing_n buy_v or_o sell_v within_o the_o empire_n tax_v before_o the_o civil_a waâ—s_n and_o continue_v by_o tiberius_n