the_o principal_a case_n for_o a_o rent_n out_o of_o land_n and_o the_o land_n itself_o in_o case_n of_o possession_n can_v stand_v together_o but_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v extinct_a but_o there_o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o use_n of_o the_o rent_n shall_v stand_v well_o enough_o together_o for_o a_o rend_n charge_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o feoffee_n to_o one_o that_o notice_n of_o the_o use_n have_v and_o rule_v that_o the_o rent_n be_v to_o the_o ancient_a use_n and_o both_o use_n be_v in_o esse_fw-la simulet_fw-la semel_fw-la and_o though_o brudnell_n chief_a justice_n urge_v the_o ground_n of_o possession_n to_o be_v otherwise_o yet_o he_o be_v overruled_a by_o the_o other_o three_o justice_n and_o brooke_n say_v unto_o he_o he_o think_v he_o argue_v much_o for_o his_o pleasure_n and_o to_o conclude_v we_o see_v the_o thing_n may_v be_v avoid_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o ceremony_n and_o act_n like_v unto_o those_o by_o which_o be_v create_v and_o raise_v that_o which_o pass_v by_o livery_n ought_v to_o be_v avoid_v by_o entry_n that_o which_o pass_v by_o grant_n by_o claim_n that_o which_o pass_v by_o way_n of_o charge_n determine_v by_o way_n of_o discharge_n and_o so_o a_o use_n which_o be_v raise_v but_o by_o a_o declaration_n or_o limitation_n may_v cease_v by_o word_n of_o declaration_n or_o limitation_n as_o the_o civil_a law_n say_v in_o his_o magis_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la est_fw-la quà m_fw-la ut_fw-la ijsdem_fw-la modis_fw-la res_fw-la dissolvantur_fw-la a_fw-la quibus_fw-la constituantur_fw-la for_o the_o conception_n and_o progression_n of_o use_n i_o have_v for_o a_o precedent_n in_o they_o other_o law_n because_o state_n and_o commonwealth_n have_v common_a accident_n and_o i_o find_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o that_o which_o come_v near_a in_o name_n to_o the_o use_n be_v nothing_o like_o in_o matter_n which_o be_v usus_fw-la fructus_fw-la for_o usus_fw-la fructus_fw-la et_fw-la dominium_fw-la be_v with_o they_o as_o with_o their_o particular_a tenancy_n and_o inheritance_n but_o that_o which_o resemble_v the_o use_n most_o be_v fidei_fw-la commissio_fw-la and_o therefore_o you_o shall_v find_v in_o ius_fw-la lib._n 2._o that_o they_o have_v a_o form_n in_o testament_n to_o give_v inheritance_n to_o one_o to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o heredem_fw-la constituo_fw-la cajum_fw-la rogo_fw-la antem_fw-la te_fw-la caie_n ut_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la restituas_fw-la and_o the_o text_n of_o the_o civilian_n say_v that_o for_o a_o great_a time_n if_o the_o heir_n do_v not_o as_o he_o be_v require_v cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n have_v no_o remedy_n at_o all_o until_o about_o the_o time_n of_o augustus_n caesar_n there_o grow_v in_o custom_n a_o flatter_a form_n of_o trust_n for_o they_o pen_v it_o thus_o rogo_fw-la te_fw-la per_fw-la salutem_fw-la augusti_fw-la or_o per_fw-la fortunam_fw-la augusti_fw-la etc._n etc._n whereupon_o august_n we_o take_v the_o breach_n of_o trust_n to_o sound_n in_o derogation_n of_o himself_o and_o make_v a_o commission_n to_o the_o praetor_n to_o give_v remedy_n in_o such_o case_n whereupon_o within_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o year_n these_o trust_n do_v spring_n and_o speed_v so_o fast_o as_o they_o be_v force_v to_o have_v a_o particular_a chancellor_n only_o for_o use_n who_o be_v call_v praetor_n fidy_fw-la commissarius_fw-la and_o long_o after_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o they_o be_v find_v they_o resort_v unto_o a_o remedy_n much_o like_o unto_o this_o stature_n for_o by_o two_o decree_n of_o senate_n call_v senatus_fw-la consult_v frebesianum_fw-la et_fw-la pegasianum_fw-la they_o make_v cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n to_o be_v heir_n in_o substance_n i_o have_v seek_v likewise_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n which_o make_v with_o they_o in_o our_o law_n and_o i_o find_v the_o persian_a chief_a baron_n in_o the_o argument_n of_o chudley_n case_n compare_v they_o to_o copyholder_n and_o apt_o for_o many_o respect_n first_o because_o a_o use_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o hereditament_n in_o the_o l._n court_n second_o this_o conceit_n of_o limitation_n have_v be_v troublesome_a in_o copyholder_n as_o well_o as_o in_o use_v for_o it_o have_v be_v of_o late_a day_n question_v whether_o there_o shall_v be_v tenancy_n by_o the_o courtesy_n discontinuance_n and_o recovery_n of_o copyholder_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o inheritance_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o still_o the_o judgement_n have_v weigh_v that_o you_o must_v have_v particular_a custom_n in_o copyhold_n as_o well_o as_o particular_a reason_n of_o conscience_n in_o use_n and_o the_o limitation_n recite_v and_o three_o because_o they_o both_o grow_v to_o no_o remedy_n at_o all_o against_o the_o lord_n and_o be_v as_o tenancy_n at_o will_n afterwards_o it_o grow_v to_o have_v remedy_n in_o chancery_n and_o afterwards_o against_o their_o lord_n by_o trespass_n at_o the_o common-law_n and_o now_o last_o the_o law_n be_v take_v by_o some_o that_o they_o have_v remedy_n by_o ejectione_fw-la firma_fw-la without_o a_o special_a custom_n of_o lease_v do_v no_o doubt_n in_o use_n at_o the_o first_o the_o chancery_n make_v question_n to_o give_v remedy_n until_o use_n grow_v more_o general_a and_o the_o chancery_n more_o eminent_a and_o then_o they_o grow_v to_o have_v remedy_n in_o conscience_n but_o they_o can_v never_o obtain_v any_o manner_n of_o remedy_n at_o the_o common_a law_n neither_o against_o the_o feoffee_n nor_o against_o stranger_n but_o the_o remedy_n against_o the_o feoffee_n be_v best_a by_o subpoena_n and_o the_o remedy_n against_o sttanger_n to_o the_o feoffee_n now_o for_o the_o case_n whereupon_o use_n be_v but_o in_o practice_n cook_n in_o his_o read_n do_v say_v well_o that_o they_o be_v produce_v sometime_o for_o fear_n and_o many_o time_n for_o fraud_n but_o i_o hold_v that_o neither_o of_o these_o case_n be_v so_o much_o the_o reason_n of_o use_n as_o another_o reason_n in_o the_o beginning_n which_o be_v that_o land_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o testamentary_a or_o deviseable_a and_o of_o late_a year_n since_o the_o statute_n the_o case_n of_o the_o conveyance_n for_o spare_v of_o purchase_n and_o execution_n of_o estate_n and_o now_o last_o of_o all_o express_a liberty_n of_o will_n in_o man_n mind_n affect_v to_o have_v the_o assurance_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o possession_n to_o be_v revokeable_a in_o their_o own_o time_n and_o irrevocable_a after_o their_o own_o time_n now_o for_o the_o commencement_n and_o proceed_n of_o they_o i_o have_v consider_v what_o it_o have_v be_v in_o course_n of_o common_a law_n and_o what_o it_o have_v be_v in_o course_n of_o statute_n for_o the_o common_a law_n the_o conceit_n of_o shelly_n in_o 24._o h._n 8._o and_o of_o polard_n in_o 27._o h_o 8._o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v without_o ground_n which_o be_v that_o the_o use_n succeed_v the_o tenure_n for_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la which_o be_v make_v 18._o e._n 1._o have_v take_v away_o the_o tenure_n between_o the_o feoffer_n and_o the_o feoffce_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o lord_n paramount_a they_o say_v that_o the_o feoffment_n be_v then_o mere_o without_o consideration_n shall_v therefore_o intend_v a_o use_n to_o the_o feoffer_n which_o can_v be_v for_o by_o that_o reason_n if_o the_o feoffment_n before_o the_o statute_n have_v be_v make_v tenendum_fw-la de_fw-la capitalibus_fw-la dominis_fw-la as_o it_o must_v be_v there_o shall_v have_v be_v a_o use_n unto_o the_o feoffer_n before_o that_o statute_n and_o again_o if_o a_o grant_n have_v be_v make_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o consist_v not_o in_o tenure_n as_o advowson_n rent_n villeins_n and_o the_o like_a there_o shall_v have_v be_v a_o use_n of_o they_o wherein_o the_o law_n be_v quite_o contrary_a for_o after_o the_o time_n that_o use_n grow_v common_a it_o be_v nevertheless_o a_o great_a doubt_n whether_o thing_n that_o do_v lie_v in_o grant_n do_v not_o carry_v a_o consideration_n in_o themselves_o because_o of_o the_o deed_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v judge_v that_o the_o intendment_n of_o a_o use_n to_o the_o feoffer_n where_o the_o feoffment_n be_v make_v without_o consideration_n grow_v long_o after_o when_o use_n wax_v general_a and_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o when_o feoffment_n be_v make_v and_o that_o it_o rest_v doubtful_a whether_o it_o be_v in_o use_n or_o in_o purchase_n because_o purchase_n be_v thing_n notorious_a and_o use_n be_v thing_n secret_a the_o chancellor_n think_v it_o more_o convenient_a to_o put_v the_o purchasor_n to_o prove_v his_o consideration_n than_o the_o feoffer_n and_o his_o heir_n to_o prove_v the_o trust_n and_o so_o make_v the_o indentment_n towards_o the_o use_n and_o put_v the_o proof_n upon_o the_o purchasor_n and_o therefore_o as_o use_n be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n in_o reason_n for_o whatsoever_o be_v not_o by_o statute_n nor_o against_o law_n may_v be_v
maintain_v though_o i_o limit_v no_o particular_a estate_n at_o all_o yet_o the_o use_n be_v good_a and_o shall_v in_o the_o interim_n return_v to_o the_o feoffor_n contrary_a law_n if_o i_o once_o limit_v the_o whole_a fee-simple_n of_o the_o use_n out_o of_o land_n and_o part_n thereof_o to_o a_o person_n incertain_a it_o shall_v never_o return_v to_o the_o feoffer_n by_o way_n of_o fraction_n of_o the_o use_n but_o look_v how_o it_o shall_v have_v go_v unto_o the_o feoffer_n if_o i_o begin_v with_o a_o contingent_a use_n so_o it_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o remainder_n if_o i_o entail_v a_o contingent_a use_n both_o estate_n be_v alike_o subject_a to_o the_o contingent_a use_n when_o it_o fall_v as_o when_o i_o make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n to_o the_o use_n of_o my_o wife_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o my_o first_o beget_v son_n i_o have_v no_o son_n at_o that_o time_n the_o remainder_n to_o my_o brother_n and_o his_o heir_n if_o my_o wife_n die_v before_o i_o have_v any_o son_n the_o use_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o i_o but_o in_o my_o brother_n and_o yet_o if_o i_o marry_v again_o and_o have_v a_o son_n it_o shall_v divest_v from_o my_o brother_n and_o be_v in_o my_o son_n which_o be_v the_o skip_v they_o talk_v so_o much_o of_o so_o if_o i_o limit_v a_o use_n joint_o to_o two_o person_n not_o in_o esse_fw-la and_o the_o one_o come_v to_o be_v in_o esse_fw-la he_o shall_v take_v the_o entire_a use_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o other_o afterward_o come_v in_o esse_fw-la he_o shall_v take_v joint_o with_o the_o former_a as_o if_o i_o make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o the_o use_n of_o my_o wife_n that_o shall_v be_v and_o my_o first_o beget_v son_n for_o their_o life_n and_o i_o marry_v my_o wise_a take_v the_o whole_a use_n and_o if_o i_o afterwards_o have_v a_o son_n he_o take_v joint_o with_o my_o wife_n but_o yet_o where_o word_n of_o obeyance_n work_n to_o a_o estate_n execute_v in_o course_n of_o possession_n it_o shall_v do_v the_o like_a in_o use_n as_o if_o i_o enfeoffee_n a._n to_o the_o use_n of_o b._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o c._o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o b._n this_o be_v a_o good_a remainder_n execute_v so_o if_o i_o enfeoffee_n a._n to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o right_a heir_n a._n be_v in_o the_o fee-simple_n not_o by_o the_o statute_n but_o by_o the_o common_a law_n now_o be_v we_o to_o examine_v a_o special_a point_n of_o the_o disability_n of_o person_n as_o to_o take_v by_o the_o statute_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n where_o divers_a person_n be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o other_o person_n so_o that_o by_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n no_o use_n be_v contain_v but_o where_o the_o feoffor_n be_v one_o and_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n be_v another_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o what_o case_n the_o same_o person_n shall_v be_v both_o seize_v to_o the_o use_n and_o cesty_fw-fr a_o que_fw-fr use_n and_o yet_o in_o by_o the_o statute_n and_o in_o what_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v diverse_a person_n and_o yet_o in_o by_o the_o common_a law_n wherein_o i_o observe_v unto_o you_o three_o thing_n first_o that_o the_o letter_n be_v full_a in_o the_o point_n second_o that_o it_o be_v strong_o urge_v by_o the_o clause_n of_o joint_a estate_n follow_v three_o that_o the_o whole_a scope_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v to_o remit_v the_o common_a law_n and_o never_o to_o intermeddle_v where_o the_o common_a law_n execute_v a_o estate_n therefore_o the_o statute_n ought_v to_o be_v expound_v that_o where_o the_o party_n seize_v to_o the_o use_n and_o the_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n be_v one_o person_n he_o never_o take_v by_o the_o statute_n except_o there_o be_v a_o direct_a impossibilty_n or_o impertinency_n for_o the_o use_n to_o take_v effect_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o if_o i_o give_v land_n to_o i._n s._n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o if_o i._n d._n pay_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o i._n d._n and_o his_o heir_n i._n s._n be_v in_o of_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n by_o way_n of_o abridgement_n of_o estate_n in_o course_n of_o possession_n and_o i._n d._n in_o of_o the_o fee-simple_n by_o the_o statute_n so_o if_o i_o bargain_n and_o sell_v my_o land_n after_o seven_o year_n the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o use_n only_o pass_v and_o there_o remain_v a_o estate_n for_o year_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o substraction_n of_o the_o inheritance_n or_o occupyer_n of_o my_o estate_n but_o mere_o at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o if_o i_o enfeoffee_n i._n s._n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o entail_v and_o then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o i._n d._n in_o fee_n or_o covenant_n to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o myself_o in_o tail_n and_o to_o the_o use_n of_o my_o wife_n in_o fee_n in_o both_o these_o case_n the_o estate_n tail_n be_v execute_v by_o this_o statute_n because_o a_o estate_n tail_n can_v be_v reoccupy_v out_o of_o a_o fee-simple_n be_v a_o new_a estate_n and_o not_o like_o a_o particular_a estate_n for_o life_n or_o year_n which_o be_v but_o portion_n of_o the_o absolute_a fee_n and_o therefore_o if_o i_o bargain_n and_o sell_v my_o land_n to_o i._n s._n after_o my_o death_n without_o issue_n it_o do_v not_o leave_v a_o estate_n tail_n in_o i_o nor_o ve_v any_o present_a fee_n in_o the_o bargain_n but_o be_v a_o use_n expectant_a so_o if_o i_o enfeoffee_n i._n s._n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._n d._n for_o life_n and_o then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n he_o be_v in_o of_o the_o fee-simple_n mere_o in_o course_n of_o possession_n and_o as_o of_o a_o reversion_n and_o not_o of_o a_o remainder_n contrary_a law_n if_o i_o enfeoffee_n i._n s._n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._n d._n for_o life_n then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._n n._n in_o fee_n now_o the_o law_n will_v not_o admit_v fraction_n of_o estate_n but_o i._n s._n be_v in_o with_o the_o â—est_n by_o the_o statute_n so_o if_o i_o enfeoffee_n i_o s_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o a_o stranger_n they_o shall_v be_v both_o in_o by_o the_o statute_n because_o they_o can_v not_o take_v joint_o take_v by_o several_a title_n like_o law_n if_o i_o enfeoffee_n a_o bishop_n and_o his_o heir_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o successor_n he_o be_v in_o by_o the_o statute_n in_o the_o right_a of_o his_o sea_n and_o as_o i_o can_v raise_v a_o present_a use_n to_o one_o out_o of_o his_o own_o seisin_n so_o if_o i_o limit_v a_o contingent_a or_o future_a use_n to_o one_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o limitation_n not_o seize_v but_o after_o become_v seize_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o contingent_a use_n there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n and_o the_o same_o law_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o difference_n which_o i_o have_v put_v before_o as_o if_o i_o covenant_n with_o my_o son_n that_o after_o his_o marriage_n i_o will_v stand_v seize_v of_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o before_o marriage_n i_o enfeoffee_n he_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o then_o he_o marry_v he_o be_v in_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o not_o by_o the_o statute_n like_o law_n of_o a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n but_o if_o i_o have_v let_v to_o he_o for_o life_n only_o than_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v in_o for_o life_n only_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o of_o the_o fee-simple_n by_o statute_n now_o let_v i_o advise_v you_o of_o this_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o matter_n of_o subtlety_n or_o conceit_n to_o take_v the_o law_n right_a when_o a_o man_n come_v in_o by_o the_o law_n in_o course_n of_o possession_n and_o where_o he_o come_v in_o by_o the_o statute_n in_o course_n of_o possession_n but_o it_o be_v material_a for_o the_o decide_n of_o many_o cause_n and_o question_n as_o for_o warranty_n action_n condition_n wayner_n suspicion_n and_o divers_a other_o proviso_n for_o example_n a_o man_n farmer_n commit_v waste_n after_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n covenant_v to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n his_o wife_n die_v if_o he_o be_v in_o his_o fee_n untouched_a he_o shall_v punish_v the_o waste_n if_o he_o be_v in_o by_o the_o statute_n he_o shall_v not_o punish_v it_o so_o if_o i_o be_v enfeoff_v with_o warranty_n and_o i_o covenant_n with_o my_o son_n to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o myself_o for_o
conscience_n a_o right_n in_o law_n 3._o so_o much_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o definition_n of_o a_o use_n it_o follow_v to_o consider_v the_o part_n and_o property_n of_o a_o use_n wherein_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o book_n and_o it_o be_v distinct_o deliver_v by_o justice_n walmeley_n in_o 36._o elizabeth_n that_o a_o trust_n consist_v upon_o three_o part_n the_o first_o that_o the_o feoffee_n will_v suffer_v the_o feoffer_n to_o take_v the_o profit_n the_o second_o that_o the_o feoffee_n upon_o request_n of_o the_o feoffer_n or_o notice_n of_o his_o will_n will_v execute_v the_o estate_n to_o the_o feoffer_n or_o his_o heir_n or_o any_o other_o by_o his_o direction_n the_o three_o that_o if_o the_o feoffee_n be_v disseise_v and_o so_o the_o feoffer_n disturb_v the_o feoffee_n will_v re-enter_v or_o bring_v a_o action_n to_o recontinue_v the_o possession_n so_o that_o those_o three_o pernancy_n of_o profit_n execution_n of_o estate_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o land_n be_v the_o three_o point_n of_o trust_n the_o property_n of_o a_o use_n they_o be_v exceed_v well_o set_v forth_o by_o former_a justice_n in_o the_o same_o case_n and_o they_o be_v three_o use_n say_v he_o be_v create_v by_o confidence_n 1._o press_v by_o privity_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o continuance_n 2._o of_o the_o confidence_n without_o interruption_n and_o order_v and_o guide_v by_o conscience_n either_o by_o the_o private_a conscience_n of_o the_o feoffee_n or_o the_o general_a conscience_n of_o the_o estate_n which_o be_v chancery_n the_o two_o former_a of_o which_o because_o they_o be_v matter_n more_o thorough_o beat_v and_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o handle_v they_o we_o will_v not_o now_o debate_v upon_o but_o the_o three_o we_o will_v speak_v somewhat_o of_o both_o because_o it_o be_v a_o key_n to_o open_v many_o of_o true_a reason_n and_o term_n of_o use_n and_o because_o it_o tend_v to_o decide_v out_o great_a and_o principal_a doubt_n at_o this_o day_n cook_n solicitor_n enter_v into_o his_o argument_n of_o chudley_n case_n say_v sharp_o and_o fit_o i_o will_v put_v never_o a_o case_n but_o shall_v be_v of_o a_o use_n for_o a_o use_n in_o law_n have_v no_o fellow_n mean_v that_o the_o learning_n of_o use_n be_v not_o to_o be_v match_v with_o other_o learning_n anderson_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o same_o case_n do_v true_o and_o profound_o control_v the_o vulgar_a opinion_n collect_v upon_o the_o five_o e._n 4._o that_o there_o may_v be_v possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la of_o a_o use_n for_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o but_o that_o the_o chancelee_n will_v consult_v with_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n where_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n do_v not_o special_o appear_v and_o therefore_o the_o private_a conceit_n which_o glanvile_n justice_n cite_v in_o the_o 42._o reginae_fw-la in_o the_o case_n of_o corbet_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n of_o one_o of_o lincoln_n inn_n who_o he_o name_v not_o but_o seem_v to_o allow_v be_v not_o sound_a which_o be_v that_o a_o use_n be_v but_o a_o limitation_n and_o do_v ensue_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o possession_n this_o very_a conceit_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n in_o 27._o h._n 8._o in_o the_o lord_n darcy_n case_n in_o which_o time_n they_o begin_v to_o heave_v at_o use_n for_o there_o after_o the_o realm_n have_v many_o age_n together_o put_v in_o ure_n the_o passage_n of_o use_n by_o will_n they_o begin_v to_o argue_v that_o a_o use_n be_v not_o deviseable_a but_o that_o it_o do_v ensue_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o same_o year_n after_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v so_o that_o this_o opinion_n seem_v ever_o to_o be_v and_o for_o ever_o to_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n touch_v use_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o mean_v now_o mean_v i_o like_v it_o well_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o opinion_n itself_o be_v to_o be_v recite_v and_o because_o in_o the_o same_o case_n of_o corbet_n 3._o reverent_a judge_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n do_v deliver_v and_o publish_v their_o opinion_n though_o not_o direct_o upon_o the_o point_n adjudge_v yet_o obiter_fw-la as_o one_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o judgement_n that_o a_o use_n of_o inheritance_n can_v not_o be_v limit_v to_o cease_v and_o again_o that_o the_o limitation_n of_o a_o new_a use_n can_v not_o be_v to_o a_o stranger_n rule_v use_n mere_o according_a to_o the_o ground_n of_o possession_n it_o be_v worth_a the_o labour_n to_o examine_v that_o learning_n by_o 3._o hen._n 7._o you_o may_v collect_v that_o if_o the_o feoffee_n have_v be_v disseise_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o a_o ancestor_n collateral_a of_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n have_v release_v unto_o the_o disseisor_n and_o his_o warranty_n have_v attach_v upon_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n yet_o the_o chancellor_n upon_o this_o matter_n show_v will_v have_v not_o respect_n unto_o it_o to_o compel_v the_o feoffee_n to_o execute_v the_o estate_n unto_o the_o disseisor_n for_o there_o the_o case_n be_v that_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n entail_v have_v make_v a_o assurance_n by_o fine_a and_o recovery_n and_o by_o warranty_n which_o descend_v upon_o his_o issue_n two_o of_o the_o judge_n hold_v that_o the_o use_n be_v not_o extinct_a and_o bryan_n and_o hussey_n that_o hold_v the_o contrary_a say_v that_o the_o common_a law_n be_v alter_v by_o the_o new_a statute_n whereby_o they_o admit_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n that_o warranty_n will_v not_o bind_v and_o extinct_a a_o right_n of_o a_o use_n as_o it_o will_v do_v a_o right_a of_o possession_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o law_n of_o collateral_a guarantee_n be_v a_o hard_a law_n and_o not_o to_o be_v consider_v in_o a_o court_n of_o conscience_n in_o 5._o edw._n 4._o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n be_v attaint_v quaere_fw-la who_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n for_o the_o lord_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o land_n so_o as_o there_o the_o use_n do_v not_o imitate_v the_o possession_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o lord_n have_v a_o tent_n be_v by_o title_n for_o that_o be_v nothing_o to_o the_o subpoena_n because_o the_o feoffee_n intent_n be_v never_o to_o advance_v the_o lord_n but_o only_o his_o own_o blood_n and_o therefore_o the_o quaere_fw-la of_o the_o book_n arise_v what_o the_o trust_n and_o confidence_n of_o the_o feoffee_n do_v tie_v he_o to_o do_v as_o whether_o he_o shall_v not_o sell_v the_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o feoffee_n will_v or_o in_o pious_a use_n so_o favourable_o they_o take_v the_o intent_n in_o those_o day_n as_o you_o find_v in_o 27._o h._n 6._o that_o if_o a_o man_n have_v appoint_v his_o use_n to_o one_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n to_o another_o and_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n for_o life_n have_v refuse_v because_o the_o intent_n appear_v not_o to_o advance_v the_o heir_n at_o all_o nor_o he_o in_o reversion_n present_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v have_v the_o estate_n for_o life_n of_o he_o that_o refuse_v some_o way_n to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o feoffer_n but_o to_o proceed_v in_o some_o better_a order_n towards_o the_o disproof_n of_o this_o opinion_n of_o limitation_n there_o be_v four_o point_n wherein_o we_o will_v examine_v the_o nature_n of_o use_n the_o raise_n of_o they_o 1._o the_o preserve_n of_o they_o 2._o the_o transfer_n of_o they_o 3._o the_o extinguish_n of_o they_o 4._o in_o all_o these_o four_o you_o shall_v see_v apparent_o that_o use_n stand_v upon_o their_o own_o reason_n utter_o differ_v from_o case_n of_o possession_n i_o will_v have_v one_o case_n show_v by_o man_n learned_a by_o the_o law_n where_o there_o be_v a_o deed_n and_o yet_o there_o need_v a_o consideration_n as_o for_o parole_n the_o law_n adjudge_v it_o too_o light_a to_o give_v a_o use_n without_o consideration_n but_o a_o deed_n ever_o in_o law_n import_v a_o consideration_n because_o of_o the_o deliberation_n and_o ceremony_n in_o the_o confession_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o in_o 8._o reginae_fw-la it_o be_v solemn_o agree_v that_o in_o the_o queen_n case_n a_o false_a consideration_n if_o it_o be_v of_o record_n will_v hurt_v the_o patent_n but_o want_v of_o consideration_n do_v never_o hurt_v it_o and_o yet_o they_o say_v that_o a_o case_n be_v but_o a_o nimble_a and_o light_a thing_n and_o now_o contrariwise_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v weighty_a than_o any_o thing_n else_o for_o you_o can_v weigh_v it_o up_o to_o raise_v it_o neither_o by_o deed_n nor_o deed_n enrol_v without_o the_o weight_n of_o consideration_n but_o you_o shall_v never_o find_v a_o reason_n of_o this_o to_o the_o world_n end_n but_o in_o the_o law_n but_o it_o be_v a_o reason_n of_o chancery_n and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o no_o court_n
of_o conscience_n will_v enforce_v omnium_fw-la gratuitum_fw-la though_o the_o intent_n appear_v never_o so_o clear_o where_o it_o be_v not_o execute_v or_o sufficient_o pass_v by_o law_n but_o if_o money_n have_v be_v pay_v and_o so_o a_o person_n damnify_v or_o that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o establishment_n of_o his_o house_n than_o it_o be_v a_o good_a matter_n in_o the_o chancery_n so_o again_o i_o will_v see_v in_o the_o law_n a_o case_n where_o a_o man_n shall_v take_v by_o a_o conveyance_n be_v it_o by_o deed_n livery_n or_o word_n that_o be_v not_o party_n to_o the_o grant_n i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o delivery_n must_v be_v to_o he_o that_o take_v by_o the_o deed_n for_o a_o deed_n may_v be_v deliver_v to_o one_o man_n to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o neither_o do_v i_o say_v that_o he_o must_v be_v party_n to_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o deed_n for_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n may_v take_v though_o he_o be_v not_o party_n but_o he_o must_v be_v party_n to_o the_o word_n of_o the_o grant_n here_o again_o the_o case_n of_o the_o use_n go_v single_a and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o a_o conveyance_n in_o use_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o publication_n of_o the_o trust_n and_o therefore_o so_o as_o the_o party_n trust_v be_v declare_v it_o be_v material_a to_o who_o the_o publication_n be_v so_o much_o for_o the_o raise_n of_o use_n there_o be_v no_o case_n in_o the_o common_a law_n wherein_o notice_n simple_o and_o naked_o be_v material_a to_o make_v a_o covin_z or_o particeps_fw-la criminis_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o the_o heir_n which_o be_v in_o by_o descent_n enfeoffee_n one_o which_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o disseisin_n if_o he_o be_v not_o a_o disseisor_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la it_o be_v nothing_o so_o in_o 33._o h._n 6_o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v upon_o collusion_n and_o feoffee_n make_v a_o feoffment_n over_o upon_o good_a consideration_n the_o collusion_n be_v discharge_v and_o it_o be_v not_o material_a if_o they_o have_v notice_n or_o no_o so_o as_o it_o be_v put_v in_o 14._o h_o 8._o if_o a_o sale_n be_v make_v in_o a_o market_n over_o upon_o consideration_n although_o it_o be_v to_o one_o that_o have_v notice_n that_o they_o be_v steal_v good_n yet_o the_o property_n of_o a_o stranger_n be_v bind_v though_o in_o the_o book_n before_o remember_v 35._o hen._n 6_o some_o opinion_n to_o the_o contrary_a which_o be_v clear_o no_o law_n so_o in_o e._n 3._o if_o asset_n discend_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o he_o alien_a it_o upon_o good_a consideration_n although_o it_o be_v to_o one_o that_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o debt_n or_o of_o the_o warranty_n it_o be_v good_a enough_o so_o if_o a_o man_n enter_v of_o purpose_n into_o my_o land_n to_o the_o end_n that_o a_o stranger_n which_o have_v right_a shall_v bring_v his_o praecipe_n and_o evict_v the_o land_n i_o may_v enter_v notwithstanding_o any_o such_o recovery_n but_o if_o he_o enter_v have_v notice_n that_o the_o stranger_n have_v right_a and_o the_o stranger_n likewise_o have_v notice_n of_o his_o entry_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v not_o upon_o confederacy_n or_o collusion_n between_o they_o it_o be_v nothing_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o these_o case_n be_v because_o the_o common_a lawlook_v no_o furtherthen_n to_o see_v whether_o the_o act_n be_v mere_o actus_fw-la fictus_fw-la in_fw-la fraudem_fw-la legis_fw-la and_o wheresoeverit_fw-la find_v consideration_n give_v it_o discharge_v the_o covin._n but_o come_v now_o to_o the_o case_n of_o use_n and_o there_o it_o be_v otherwise_o as_o it_o be_v in_o 14._o h._n 8._o and_o 28._o h._n 8._o and_o diverse_a other_o book_n which_o prove_v that_o if_o the_o feoffee_n sell_v the_o land_n for_o good_a consideration_n to_o one_o that_o have_v notice_n the_o purchaser_n shall_v stand_v seize_v to_o the_o ancient_a use_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o chancery_n look_v further_a than_o the_o common_a law_n to_o the_o corrupt_a conscience_n of_o he_o that_o will_v deal_v in_o the_o land_n know_v it_o in_o equity_n to_o be_v another_o and_o therefore_o if_o there_o be_v radix_fw-la amaritudinis_fw-la the_o consideration_n purge_v it_o not_o but_o it_o be_v at_o the_o peril_n of_o he_o that_o give_v it_o so_o that_o consideration_n or_o no_o consideration_n be_v a_o issue_n at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o notice_n on_o notice_n be_v a_o issue_n in_o the_o chancery_n and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o preserve_n of_o use_n for_o the_o transfer_n of_o use_n there_o be_v no_o case_n in_o law_n whereby_o a_o action_n be_v transfer_v but_o the_o subpoena_n in_o case_n of_o use_n be_v always_o assigneable_a nay_o further_o you_o find_v twice_o 27._o h._n 8._o fol._n 10._o pla._n 9_o fo._n 30._o and_o pla._n 21._o that_o a_o right_a of_o use_n may_v be_v transfer_v for_o in_o the_o former_a case_n montague_n make_v the_o objection_n and_o say_v that_o a_o right_a of_o use_n can_v be_v give_v by_o fine_a but_o to_o he_o that_o have_v the_o possession_n fitz_n herbert_n answer_v yes_o well_o enough_o quaere_fw-la the_o reason_n say_v the_o book_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n where_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n be_v enfeoff_v by_o the_o disseisor_n of_o the_o feoffee_n and_o make_v a_o feoffment_n over_o englefield_n doubt_v whether_o the_o second_o feoffee_n shall_v have_v the_o use_n fitz_n herbert_n say_v i_o marvel_v you_o will_v make_v a_o doubt_n of_o it_o for_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o use_n pass_v by_o the_o feoffment_n to_o the_o stranger_n and_o therefore_o this_o question_n need_v not_o to_o have_v be_v make_v so_o the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o 10._o reginae_fw-la delamer_n case_n where_o the_o case_n be_v in_o effect_n tenant_n in_o tail_n of_o a_o use_n the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n tenant_n in_o tail_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n tenant_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o i._n r._n 3._o and_o the_o feoffee_n enfeoff_v he_o in_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o use_n who_o make_v it_o over_o and_o there_o question_n be_v make_v whether_o the_o second_o feoffee_n shall_v have_v the_o use_n in_o remainder_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o second_o feoffee_n must_v needs_o have_v the_o best_a right_n in_o conscience_n because_o the_o first_o feostee_n claim_v nothing_o but_o in_o trust_n and_o the_o rest_n que_fw-fr use_n can_v claim_v it_o against_o his_o sale_n but_o the_o reason_n be_v apparent_a as_o be_v touch_v before_o that_o a_o use_n in_fw-la esse_fw-la be_v but_o a_o thing_n in_o action_n or_o in_o suit_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o court_n of_o conscience_n and_o where_o the_o subpoena_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v against_o the_o feoffee_n out_o of_o possession_n to_o recontinue_v the_o estate_n always_o the_o subpoena_n may_v be_v transfer_v for_o still_o the_o action_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o stir_v but_o remain_v in_o the_o feoffee_n and_o so_o no_o mischief_n of_o maintenance_n or_o transfer_v right_n and_o if_o a_o use_n be_v but_o a_o right_n may_v be_v assign_v and_o pass_v over_o to_o a_o stranger_n a_o multo_fw-la fortiori_fw-la it_o may_v be_v limit_v to_o a_o stranger_n upon_o the_o privity_n of_o the_o first_o conveyance_n as_o shall_v be_v handle_v in_o another_o place_n and_o as_o glanvile_n justice_n say_v he_o can_v never_o find_v by_o any_o book_n or_o evidence_n of_o antiquity_n a_o continge_v use_v limit_v over_o to_o a_o stranger_n i_o answer_v first_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n that_o you_o find_v no_o case_n before_o e._n 4._o time_n of_o contingent_a use_n where_o there_o be_v not_o six_o of_o use_n in_o all_o and_o the_o reason_n i_o doubt_v be_v man_n do_v choose_v well_o who_o they_o trust_v and_o trust_n be_v well_o observe_v and_o at_o this_o day_n in_o ireland_n where_o use_n be_v in_o practice_n case_n of_o use_n come_v seldom_o in_o question_n except_o it_o be_v sometime_o upon_o the_o alienation_n of_o tenant_n in_o tail_n by_o fine_a that_o the_o feoffee_n will_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o execute_v estate_n to_o the_o disinheritance_n of_o ancient_a blood_n but_o for_o experience_n and_o the_o conveyance_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o usual_a in_o obyst_n then_o to_o will_v the_o use_n of_o the_o land_n to_o certain_a person_n and_o their_o heir_n so_o long_o as_o they_o shall_v pay_v the_o chancery_n priest_n their_o wage_n and_o in_o default_n of_o payment_n to_o limit_v the_o use_n over_o to_o other_o person_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o so_o in_o case_n of_o forfeiture_n through_o many_o degree_n and_o such_o conveyance_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o r._n 2._o time_n now_o for_o determine_v and_o extinguish_n of_o use_n i_o put_v the_o case_n of_o collateral_a garranty_n before_o and_o to_o that_o the_o notable_a case_n of_o 14._o h._n 8._o hautsemmes_fw-fr case_n where_o this_o very_a point_n be_v in_o
say_v to_o be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o both_o the_o general_a trust_n and_o the_o special_a be_v thing_n not_o prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n though_o they_o be_v not_o remedy_v by_o the_o law_n so_o the_o experience_n and_o practice_n of_o use_n be_v not_o ancient_a and_o my_o reason_n why_o i_o think_v so_o be_v these_o first_o i_o can_v find_v in_o my_o evidence_n before_o king_n r._n 2._o his_o time_n the_o clause_n ad_fw-la opus_fw-la et_fw-la usum_fw-la and_o the_o very_a latin_a phrase_n be_v much_o pure_a as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o bractons_n write_v and_o by_o ancient_a patent_n and_o deed_n and_o chief_o by_o the_o register_n of_o writ_n which_o be_v good_a latin_a wherein_o this_o phrase_n ad_fw-la opus_fw-la et_fw-la usum_fw-la and_o the_o word_n ad_fw-la opus_fw-la be_v a_o barbarous_a phrase_n and_o like_a enough_o to_o be_v in_o the_o pennin_n of_o some_o chaplain_n that_o be_v not_o much_o past_o his_o grammar_n where_o he_o have_v find_v opus_fw-la et_fw-la usus_fw-la couple_v together_o and_o that_o they_o do_v govern_v a_o ablative_a case_n as_o they_o do_v indeed_o since_o this_o statute_n for_o they_o take_v away_o the_o land_n and_o put_v they_o into_o a_o conveyance_n second_o i_o find_v in_o no_o private_a act_n of_o attainder_n in_o the_o clause_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o land_n s_o which_o he_o have_v in_o possession_n or_o in_o use_n until_o ed._n 4._o his_o reign_n three_o i_o find_v the_o word_n use_n in_o no_o statute_n until_o 7._o rich._n 2._o cap._n 11._o of_o proviso_n and_o in_o 15._o ric._n 2._o of_o mortmame_n four_o i_o collect_v out_o of_o cook_n speech_n in_o 8._o edw._n 4._o where_o he_o say_v that_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o subpoena_n do_v not_o lie_v against_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o feoffee_n which_o be_v in_o by_o law_n but_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n be_v drive_v to_o his_o bill_n in_o parliament_n that_o use_v even_o in_o that_o time_n be_v but_o in_o their_o infancy_n for_o no_o doubt_n but_o at_o the_o first_o the_o chancery_n make_v difficulty_n to_o give_v remedy_n at_o all_o but_o to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o particular_a conscience_n of_o the_o feoffee_n but_o after_o the_o chancery_n grow_v absolute_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 15._o hen._n 6._o that_o complaint_n in_o chancery_n shall_v enter_v into_o bond_n to_o prove_v their_o suggestion_n which_o seem_v that_o the_o chancery_n at_o that_o time_n begin_v to_o embrace_v too_o far_o and_o be_v use_v for_o vexation_n yet_o nevertheless_o it_o make_v scruple_n to_o give_v remedy_n against_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o by_o act_n in_o law_n though_o he_o be_v privy_a so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v that_o use_n have_v be_v of_o any_o great_a continuance_n when_o they_o make_v a_o question_n as_o for_o the_o case_n of_o matrimony_n prelomti_n it_o have_v no_o affinity_n with_o use_n for_o wheresoever_o there_o be_v remedy_n at_o the_o common-law_n by_o action_n it_o can_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o use_n and_o for_o the_o book_n common_o vouch_v of_o ass._n where_o the_o earl_n call_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o conizee_n upon_o a_o fine_a levy_v by_o consent_n a_o entry_n in_o auterdroit_fw-fr and_o 44._o of_o e._n 3._o where_o there_o be_v mention_n of_o the_o feoffor_n that_o sue_v by_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n they_o be_v but_o implication_n of_o no_o moment_n so_o as_o it_o appear_v the_o first_o practice_n of_o use_n be_v about_o richard_n 2_o his_o time_n and_o the_o great_a multiply_a and_o overspread_v of_o they_o be_v partly_o during_o the_o war_n in_o france_n which_o draw_v most_o of_o the_o nobility_n to_o be_v absent_a from_o their_o possession_n and_o partly_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trouble_n and_o civil_a war_n between_o the_o two_o house_n about_o the_o title_n of_o the_o crown_n now_o to_o conclude_v the_o progression_n of_o use_n in_o course_n 1_o of_o statute_n i_o do_v note_v three_o special_a point_n that_o a_o use_n have_v never_o any_o force_n at_o all_o at_o the_o common-law_n 2_o but_o by_o statute_n law_n that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o statute_n make_v direct_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n as_o that_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o use_n shall_v toll_v a_o entry_n or_o that_o a_o release_n shall_v be_v good_a to_o the_o partner_n of_o the_o profit_n or_o the_o like_a but_o always_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o stranger_n and_o other_o person_n against_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n and_o his_o feoffee_n for_o though_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o richard_n 3._o he_o may_v alter_v his_o feoffee_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o statute_n but_o to_o make_v good_a his_o assurance_n to_o other_o person_n and_o the_o other_o come_v in_o et_fw-la obliquo_fw-la that_o the_o special_a intent_n unlawful_a and_o covinous_a be_v 3_o the_o original_a of_o use_n though_o after_o it_o induce_v to_o the_o lawful_a intent_n general_a and_o special_a for_o 5._o edward_n 3._o be_v the_o first_o statute_n i_o find_v wherein_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o take_n of_o profit_n by_o one_o where_o the_o estate_n in_o law_n be_v another_o for_o as_o to_o the_o opinion_n in_o 27._o henr._n 8._o that_o in_o case_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n the_o feoffor_n take_v the_o profit_n it_o be_v but_o a_o conceit_n for_o the_o law_n be_v this_o day_n that_o if_o a_o man_n enfeoffee_n his_o elder_a son_n within_o age_n and_o without_o consideration_n although_o the_o profit_n be_v take_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o son_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o feoffment_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o religiosis_fw-la and_o as_o for_o 7._o edward_n 1._o which_o prohibit_v general_o that_o religious_a person_n shall_v not_o purchase_v arte_fw-la vel_fw-la ingenio_fw-la yet_o it_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o a_o use_n but_o it_o say_v colore_fw-la donationis_fw-la termini_fw-la vel_fw-la alicusus_fw-la tituli_fw-la recite_v there_o three_o form_n of_o conveyance_n the_o gift_n the_o long_a lease_n and_o feign_a recovery_n which_o gift_n can_v be_v understand_v of_o a_o gift_n to_o a_o stranger_n to_o their_o use_n for_o that_o come_v to_o be_v holpen_v by_o 15_o richard_n 2._o long_a after_o but_o to_o proceed_v in_o 5._o edward_n 3._o a_o statute_n be_v make_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o creditor_n against_o such_o as_o make_v covin_z gift_n of_o their_o land_n and_o good_n and_o convey_v their_o body_n into_o sanctuary_n there_o live_v high_a upon_o other_o good_n and_o therefore_o that_o statute_n make_v their_o land_n liable_a to_o their_o creditor_n execution_n in_o that_o particular_a case_n if_o they_o take_v the_o profit_n in_o 5._o richard_n 2._o a_o statute_n be_v make_v for_o relief_n of_o those_o as_o have_v right_a of_o action_n against_o those_o as_o have_v renounce_v the_o tenancy_n of_o the_o praecipe_n from_o they_o sometime_o by_o infeoff_a great_a person_n for_o maintenance_n and_o sometime_o by_o secret_a feoffment_n to_o other_o whereof_o the_o defendant_n can_v have_v no_o notice_n and_o therefore_o the_o statute_n make_v the_o recovery_n good_a in_o all_o action_n against_o the_o first_o feoffee_n as_o they_o take_v the_o profit_n and_o see_v that_o the_o defendant_n bring_v their_o action_n within_o a_o year_n at_o their_o expulsion_n 2._o richard_n 2._o cap._n 3._o session_n 2._o a_o imperfection_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 50._o edward_n 3._o be_v holpen_v for_o whereas_o the_o statute_n take_v no_o place_n but_o where_o the_o defendant_n appear_v and_o so_o be_v frustrate_v the_o statute_n give_v upon_o proclamation_n make_v at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o place_n privilege_v that_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v liable_a without_o appearance_n in_o 7._o r._n 2._o a_o statute_n be_v make_v for_o the_o restraint_n of_o alien_n to_o take_v thy_o benefice_n or_o dignity_n ecclesiastical_a or_o farm_n of_o administration_n to_o they_o without_o the_o king_n special_a licence_n upon_o pain_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o provisor_n which_o be_v remedy_v by_o a_o former_a statute_n where_o the_o alien_n take_v it_o to_o his_o own_o use_n it_o be_v by_o that_o statute_n remedy_v where_o the_o alien_n take_v it_o to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o book_n though_o i_o guess_v that_o if_o the_o record_n be_v search_v it_o shall_v be_v if_o any_o other_o purchase_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o alien_n and_o that_o the_o word_n or_o to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o shall_v be_v or_o any_o other_o to_o his_o use_n 15._o rich._n 2._o cap._n 5._o a_o statute_n be_v make_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o lord_n against_o mortmayne_n where_o feoffment_n be_v make_v to_o the_o use_n of_o corporation_n and_o a_o ordinance_n make_v that_o for_o feoffment_n past_a the_o feoffee_n shall_v
the_o precedent_n or_o pattern_n of_o it_o 3._o for_o the_o time_n of_o it_o be_v in_o 27._o henry_n 8._o when_o the_o king_n be_v in_o full_a peace_n and_o a_o wealthy_a and_o flourish_a estate_n in_o which_o nature_n of_o time_n man_n be_v most_o careful_a of_o their_o possession_n aswell_o because_o purchase_n be_v most_o stir_v as_o again_o because_o the_o purchasor_n when_o he_o be_v full_a be_v no_o less_o careful_a of_o his_o assurance_n to_o his_o child_n and_o of_o dispose_v that_o which_o he_o have_v get_v than_o he_o be_v of_o his_o bargain_n for_o the_o compass_v thereof_o about_o that_o time_n the_o realm_n likewise_o begin_v to_o be_v enfranchise_v from_o the_o tribute_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o possession_n that_o have_v be_v in_o mortmayne_n begin_v to_o stir_v abroad_o for_o this_o year_n be_v the_o suppression_n of_o the_o smaâ—ler_a house_n of_o religion_n all_o tend_v to_o plenty_n and_o purchafe_v and_o this_o statute_n come_v in_o consort_n with_o divers_a excellent_a statute_n make_v for_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o same_o parliament_n as_o the_o reduction_n of_o wales_n to_o a_o more_o civil_a government_n the_o re-edify_n of_o diverse_a city_n and_o town_n the_o suppress_n of_o depopulation_n and_o enclosure_n for_o the_o title_n it_o have_v one_o title_n in_o the_o role_n and_o another_o in_o course_n of_o plead_v the_o title_n in_o the_o role_n be_v no_o solemn_a title_n but_o a_o act_n title_n 5_o a_o act_n express_v a_o order_n for_o use_n and_o will_n the_o title_n in_o course_n of_o plead_v be_v statutum_fw-la de_fw-la usibus_fw-la in_fw-la possessionem_fw-la transferendis_fw-la wherein_o walmsly_n justice_n note_v well_o 4._o reginae_fw-la that_o if_o a_o man_n look_v to_o the_o work_n of_o the_o statute_n he_o will_v think_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v turn_v the_o other_o way_n de_fw-la possessionibus_fw-la ad_fw-la usus_fw-la transferendis_fw-la for_o that_o be_v the_o course_n of_o the_o statute_n to_o bring_v possession_n to_o the_o use_n but_o the_o title_n be_v frame_v not_o according_a to_o the_o work_n of_o the_o statute_n but_o according_a to_o the_o scope_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o statute_n nam_fw-la quod_fw-la primum_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la intentione_fw-la ultimum_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la operatione_fw-la the_o intention_n of_o the_o statute_n by_o carry_v the_o possession_n to_o the_o use_n be_v to_o turn_v the_o use_n to_o a_o possession_n for_o the_o word_n be_v not_o de_fw-la possessionibus_fw-la ad_fw-la usus_fw-la transferendis_fw-la and_o as_o the_o grammarian_n say_v praepositio_fw-la ad_fw-la denotat_fw-la notam_fw-la actionis_fw-la sed_fw-la prepositio_fw-la in_fw-la cum_fw-la accusativo_fw-la denotat_fw-la notam_fw-la alterationis_fw-la and_o therefore_o kingsmill_n justice_n in_o the_o same_o case_n say_v that_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v to_o make_v a_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o use_n unto_o a_o possession_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o title_n of_o act_n of_o parliament_n several_o come_v in_o but_o in_o the_o 5._o henry_n 8._o for_o before_o that_o time_n that_o be_v but_o one_o title_n of_o all_o the_o act_n make_v in_o one_o parliament_n and_o that_o be_v no_o title_n neither_o but_o a_o general_a preface_n of_o the_o good_a intent_n of_o the_o king_n but_o now_o it_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o record_n for_o the_o precedent_n of_o this_o statute_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v draw_v i_o do_v find_v by_o the_o first_o richard_n 3._o whereupon_o you_o may_v see_v the_o very_a mould_n whereon_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v that_o the_o say_a king_n have_v be_v enfeoff_v before_o he_o usurp_v to_o use_n as_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o land_n whereof_o he_o be_v joint_o enfeoff_v as_o if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v name_v and_o where_o he_o be_v sole_o inseoff_v it_o shall_v be_v in_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n in_o estate_n as_o he_o have_v the_o use_n now_o to_o come_v to_o the_o statute_n itself_o the_o statute_n consist_v as_o other_o law_n do_v upon_o a_o preamble_n the_o body_n of_o the_o law_n and_o certain_a save_n and_o premise_n the_o preamble_n set_v forth_o the_o inconvenience_n the_o body_n of_o the_o law_n give_v the_o remedy_n and_o the_o save_n and_o proviso_n take_v away_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o the_o remedy_n for_o new_a land_n be_v like_o the_o apothecary_n drug_n though_o they_o remedy_v the_o disease_n yet_o they_o trouble_v the_o body_n and_o therefore_o they_o use_v to_o correct_v with_o spice_n so_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o find_v a_o remedy_n for_o any_o mischief_n in_o the_o common_a wealth_n but_o it_o will_v beget_v some_o new_a mischief_n and_o therefore_o they_o spice_n their_o law_n with_o proviso_n to_o correct_v and_o qualify_v they_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o law_n be_v just_o commend_v by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n in_o 36._o regine_n where_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v little_a need_n to_o search_v and_o collect_v out_o of_o case_n before_o the_o statute_n what_o the_o mischief_n be_v which_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v to_o redress_v because_o there_o be_v a_o short_a way_n offer_v we_o by_o the_o sufficiency_n and_o fullness_n of_o the_o preamble_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v good_a to_o consider_v it_o and_o ponder_v it_o thorough_o the_o preamble_n have_v three_o part_n first_o a_o recital_n of_o the_o principal_a inconvenience_n which_o 1._o be_v the_o root_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n second_o a_o ennumeration_n of_o diverse_a particular_a inconvenience_n 2._o as_o branch_n of_o the_o former_a three_o a_o taste_n or_o brief_a note_n of_o the_o remedy_n that_o the_o 3._o statute_n mean_v to_o apply_v the_o principal_a inconvenience_n which_o be_v radix_fw-la omnium_fw-la malorum_fw-la be_v the_o direct_n from_o the_o ground_n and_o principal_n of_o the_o common_a law_n by_o invent_v a_o mean_a to_o transfer_v land_n and_o inheritance_n without_o any_o solemnity_n or_o act_n notorious_a so_o as_o the_o whole_a statute_n be_v to_o be_v expound_v strong_o towards_o the_o extinguishment_n of_o all_o conveyance_n whereby_o the_o free_a hold_n or_o inheritance_n may_v pass_v without_o any_o new_a confection_n of_o deed_n execution_n of_o estate_n or_o entry_n except_o it_o be_v where_o the_o estate_n be_v of_o privity_n and_o dependence_n one_o towards_o the_o other_o in_o which_o case_n mutatis_fw-la mutandis_fw-la they_o may_v pass_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o particular_a inconvenience_n by_o the_o law_n rehearse_v may_v bereduce_v into_o four_o head_n first_o that_o these_o conveyance_n in_o use_n be_v weak_a 1._o for_o consideration_n second_o that_o they_o be_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a 2._o for_o trial_n three_o that_o they_o be_v dangerous_a for_o want_v of_o notice_n 3._o and_o publication_n four_o that_o they_o be_v exempt_v from_o all_o such_o title_n 4._o as_o the_o law_n subject_v possession_n unto_o the_o first_o inconvenience_n light_v upon_o heir_n the_o second_o upon_o juror_n and_o witness_n the_o three_o upon_o purchaser_n the_o four_o upon_o such_o as_o come_v in_o by_o gift_n in_o law_n all_o which_o be_v person_n that_o the_o law_n do_v principal_o respect_n and_o favour_n for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v three_o impediment_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o man_n in_o dispose_v just_o and_o advise_o of_o his_o estate_n 5_o first_o trouble_n of_o mind_n 1._o second_o want_v of_o time_n 2._o three_o of_o wise_a and_o faithful_a counsel_n about_o he_o 3._o and_o all_o theso_fw-la three_o the_o statute_n do_v find_v to_o be_v in_o the_o disposition_n of_o a_o use_n by_o will_n whereof_o follow_v the_o unjust_a disinheresin_fw-la of_o heir_n now_o the_o favour_n of_o law_n unto_o heir_n appear_v in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o law_n as_o the_o law_n of_o descent_n privilege_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o heir_n against_o the_o entry_n of_o he_o that_o have_v right_a by_o the_o law_n no_o man_n shall_v warrant_v against_o his_o heir_n except_o he_o warrant_v against_o himself_o and_o diverse_a other_o case_n too_o long_o to_o stand_v upon_o and_o we_o see_v the_o ancient_a law_n in_o glanvills_n time_n be_v that_o the_o ancestor_n can_v not_o disinherit_v his_o heir_n by_o grant_n or_o other_o act_n execute_v in_o time_n of_o sickness_n neither_o can_v he_o alien_a land_n which_o have_v descend_v unto_o he_o except_o it_o be_v for_o consideration_n of_o money_n or_o service_n but_o not_o to_o advance_v any_o young_a brother_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o heir_n for_o trial_n no_o law_n ever_o take_v a_o straight_a course_n that_o evidence_n shall_v not_o be_v perplex_v nor_o jury_n inveigle_v than_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n never_o law_n take_v a_o more_o precise_a and_o straight_a course_n with_o jury_n that_o they_o shall_v give_v a_o direct_a verdict_n for_o whereas_o in_o manner_n all_o law_n do_v give_v the_o trier_n or_o
law_n it_o put_v in_o precise_o this_o word_n other_o mean_v the_o divide_a use_n and_o not_o the_o commune_a use_n and_o this_o cause_v the_o clause_n of_o joint_a feoffee_n to_o follow_v in_o a_o branch_n by_o itself_o for_o else_o that_o case_n have_v be_v doubtful_a upon_o this_o word_n other_o the_o word_n that_o be_v common_a to_o both_o be_v word_n express_v the_o conveyance_n whereby_o the_o use_n arise_v of_o which_o word_n those_o that_o breed_v any_o question_n be_v agreement_n will_n otherwise_o whereby_o some_o have_v infer_v that_o use_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o agreement_n paroll_fw-la so_o there_o be_v a_o consideration_n of_o money_n or_o other_o matter_n valuable_a for_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o word_n before_o bargain_n sale_n and_o contract_n but_o of_o blood_n or_o lin_z the_o error_n of_o which_o collection_n appear_v in_o the_o word_n immediate_o follow_v s._n will_n whereby_o they_o may_v aswell_o include_v that_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n may_v raise_v a_o use_n by_o will_n especial_o to_o any_o of_o his_o son_n or_o kindred_n where_o there_o be_v a_o real_a consideration_n and_o by_o that_o reason_n mean_v betwixt_o this_o statute_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o of_o will_n land_n be_v deviseable_a especial_o to_o any_o man_n kindred_n which_o be_v clear_o otherwise_o and_o therefore_o those_o word_n be_v put_v in_o nor_o in_o regard_n of_o use_n raise_v by_o those_o convenience_n or_o without_o or_o likewise_o by_o will_n may_v be_v transfer_v and_o there_o be_v a_o person_n seize_v to_o a_o use_n by_o force_n of_o that_o agreement_n or_o will_n s._n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o assign_v and_o for_o the_o word_n otherwise_o it_o shall_v by_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o word_n include_v a_o disseisin_n to_o a_o use_n but_o the_o whole_a scope_n of_o the_o statute_n cross_v that_o which_o be_v to_o execute_v such_o use_n as_o be_v confidence_n and_o trust_n which_o can_v not_o be_v in_o case_n of_o disseisin_n for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o commandment_n precedent_n than_o the_o land_n be_v vest_v in_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n upon_o the_o entry_n and_o if_o the_o disseisin_n be_v of_o the_o disseisor_n own_o head_n then_o no_o trust_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o case_n of_o supposition_n of_o this_o statute_n here_o follow_v the_o ordinance_n and_o purview_n thereupon_o the_o purview_n have_v two_o part_n the_o first_o operatio_fw-la statuti_fw-la the_o effect_n that_o the_o statute_n work_v and_o there_o be_v modus_fw-la operandi_fw-la a_o fiction_n or_o explanation_n how_o the_o statute_n do_v work_v that_o effect_n the_o effect_n be_v that_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n shall_v be_v in_o possession_n of_o like_a estate_n as_o he_o have_v in_o the_o use_n the_o fiction_n quomodo_fw-la be_v that_o the_o statute_n will_v have_v the_o possession_n of_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n as_o a_o new_a body_n compound_v of_o matter_n and_o form_n and_o that_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v give_v matter_n and_o substance_n and_o the_o use_n shall_v give_v form_n and_o quality_n the_o material_a word_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o purview_n be_v four_o the_o first_o word_n be_v remainder_n and_o reverture_n the_o statute_n have_v speak_v before_o of_o use_n in_o fee-simple_n in_o tail_n for_o life_n or_o year_n add_v or_o otherwise_o in_o remainder_n reverture_n whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o first_o word_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o use_n in_o possession_n for_o there_o be_v two_o substantial_a and_o essential_a difference_n of_o estate_n the_o one_o limit_v the_o time_n for_o all_o estate_n be_v but_o time_n of_o their_o continuantes_fw-la the_o former_a make_v little_a difference_n of_o fee-simple_n fee_n tail_n for_o life_n or_o year_n and_o the_o other_o make_v difference_n of_o possession_n as_o remainder_n all_o other_o difference_n of_o estate_n be_v but_o accident_n as_o shall_v be_v say_v hereafter_o these_o two_o the_o statute_n mean_v to_o take_v hold_n of_o and_o at_o the_o word_n remainder_n and_o reverture_n it_o stopp_v it_o add_v not_o word_n right_o title_n or_o possibility_n nor_o it_o have_v not_o general_a word_n or_o otherwise_o it_o be_v most_o plain_a that_o the_o statute_n mean_v to_o execute_v no_o inferior_a use_n to_o remainder_n or_o reverture_n that_o be_v to_o say_v no_o possibility_n or_o contingence_n but_o estate_n only_o such_o as_o the_o feoffee_n may_v have_v execute_v by_o conscience_n make_v note_v also_o the_o very_a letter_n of_o the_o statute_n do_v take_v notice_n of_o a_o difference_n between_o a_o use_n in_o remainder_n and_o a_o use_n in_o reverture_n which_o though_o it_o can_v proper_o because_o it_o do_v not_o depend_v upon_o particular_a estate_n as_o remainder_n do_v neither_o do_v then_o before_o the_o statute_n draw_v any_o tenure_n as_o reversion_n do_v yet_o the_o statute_n intend_v that_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n when_o the_o particular_a use_n and_o the_o use_v limit_v upon_o the_o particular_a use_n be_v both_o new_a use_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v a_o use_n in_o remainder_n and_o where_o the_o particular_a use_n be_v a_o new_a use_n and_o the_o remnant_n of_o the_o use_n be_v the_o old_a use_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v a_o use_n in_o reverter_n the_o next_o material_a word_n be_v from_o henceforth_o which_o do_v exclude_v all_o conceit_n of_o relation_n that_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n shall_v not_o come_v in_o as_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o feoffment_n to_o use_v as_o bradnells_n conceit_n be_v in_o 14._o henry_n 8._o that_o be_v the_o feoffee_n have_v grant_v a_o rent_n charge_n and_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n have_v make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o richard_n 3._o the_o feoffee_n shall_v have_v hold_v it_o discharge_v because_o the_o act_n of_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n shall_v put_v the_o feoffee_n in_fw-la as_o if_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n have_v be_v seize_v in_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o use_v limit_v and_o therefore_o the_o statute_n do_v take_v away_o all_o such_o ambiguity_n and_o express_v that_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n shall_v be_v in_o possession_n from_o henceforth_o that_o be_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o parliament_n for_o use_n then_o in_o be_v and_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o execution_n for_o use_n limit_v after_o the_o parliament_n the_o three_o material_a word_n be_v lawful_a seisin_n state_n and_o possession_n not_o a_o possession_n in_o law_n only_o but_o a_o seisin_n in_o tail_n not_o a_o title_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n but_o a_o actual_a estate_n the_o four_o word_n be_v of_o and_o in_o such_o estate_n as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o use_n that_o be_v to_o say_v little_a estate_n fee-simple_n fee_n tail_n life_n for_o year_n at_o will_n and_o possession_n and_o reversion_n which_o be_v the_o substantial_a difference_n of_o estate_n as_o be_v say_v before_o but_o both_o their_o latter_a clause_n be_v more_o full_o perfect_v and_o expound_v by_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o fiction_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o follow_v this_o branch_n of_o fiction_n have_v three_o material_a word_n or_o clause_n the_o first_o material_a clause_n be_v that_o the_o estate_n right_o title_n and_o possession_n that_o be_v in_o such_o person_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v in_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n for_o that_o the_o matter_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n be_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o feoffee_n and_o more_o he_o can_v have_v so_o as_o if_o the_o use_n be_v limit_v to_o cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o the_o estate_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v limit_v be_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n can_v have_v no_o inheritance_n so_o if_o when_o the_o statute_n come_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o feoffee_n have_v not_o enter_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n but_o have_v only_o a_o possession_n in_o law_n cesty_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n in_o that_o case_n shall_v not_o bring_v a_o assize_n before_o entry_n because_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o feoffee_n can_v not_o so_o that_o the_o matter_n whereupon_o the_o use_n must_v work_v be_v the_o feoffee_n estate_n but_o note_v here_o whereas_o before_o when_o the_o statute_n speak_v of_o the_o use_n it_o speak_v only_o of_o use_n in_o possession_n remainder_n and_o treverter_n but_o not_o in_o title_n or_o right_n now_o when_o the_o statute_n speak_v what_o shall_v be_v take_v from_o the_o feoffee_n it_o speak_v of_o title_n and_o right_n so_o that_o the_o statute_n take_v more_o from_o the_o feoffee_n than_o it_o execute_v present_o in_o case_n where_o there_o be_v use_n in_o contingence_n which_o be_v but_o title_n the_o second_o word_n be_v clear_o which_o seem_v proper_o and_o direct_o to_o meet_v with_o the_o conceit_n of_o scintilla_fw-la iuris_fw-la as_o