of_o patronage_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o fee_n which_o we_o possess_v and_o these_o 〈◊〉_d term_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n patronus_fw-la fee_n prat_n â—i_fw-la lexicon_fw-la verb._n patronus_fw-la and_o theâ—â—_n be_v very_o few_o infant_n that_o succeed_v to_o good_a estate_n who_o escape_v their_o wardship_n and_o custody_n for_o as_o there_o be_v none_o with_o we_o except_o 〈◊〉_d crown_n who_o be_v seize_v of_o their_o estate_n anâ—_n tenement_n in_o a_o free_a or_o large_a title_n thâ—â—_n fee_n so_o be_v there_o scarce_o any_o fee_n less_o worth_a but_o that_o it_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o lord_n or_o a_o patroâ—_n by_o knight_n service_n now_o those_o thing_n whicâ—_n be_v proper_a to_o this_o service_n be_v guard_n maâ—â—age_n and_o relief_n 4_o relief_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o 1._o a_o infant_n heir_n who_o succeed_v his_o ancestor_n 4._o ancestor_n f._n b._n 262._o fletl_n 1._o c._n 11._o dyer_n 362._o gla._n l._n 7._o c._n 9_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 32._o brit._n c._n 66._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o in_o knight_n service_n remain_v under_o the_o guard_n and_o custody_n of_o his_o lord_n uâ—till_o he_o come_v to_o perfect_a age_n for_o before_o thâ—â—_n age_n he_o be_v not_o adjudge_v capable_a of_o those_o warâ—ick_a accomplishment_n requisite_a for_o a_o knight_n â—nd_v due_a to_o his_o lord_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o teâ—ure_n notwithstanding_o that_o it_o fall_v out_o sometimes_o that_o age_n be_v dispense_v with_o some_o be_v elect_v into_o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n before_o â—hey_n be_v complete_a one_o and_o twenty_o year_n old_a but_o our_o law_n suppose_v these_o to_o be_v able_a to_o do_v those_o office_n due_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n wherefore_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o custody_n though_o infant_n 267._o infant_n brook_z tit_n gard._n 42._o &_o 72_o fulbeck_n in_o paral_n f._n 29._o plough_v 267._o 2._o and_o this_o right_n of_o custody_n spring_v from_o â—his_fw-la reason_n that_o since_o he_o who_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n be_v oblige_v according_a to_o the_o agreement_n at_o the_o first_o invest_n of_o the_o estate_n â—o_o follow_v his_o lord_n as_o a_o knight_n in_o the_o king_n war_n it_o be_v presume_v that_o no_o man_n will_v be_v more_o careful_a in_o train_v up_o the_o infant_n in_o â—eats_n of_o arm_n than_o the_o lord_n himself_o 16._o himself_o fort._n c._n 44._o polid._n virg._n l._n 16._o 3._o but_o if_o such_o a_o heir_n be_v female_a she_o remain_v in_o custody_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_n 3._o ancient_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 3._o but_o till_o fifteen_o and_o according_a to_o our_o modern_n no_o long_o than_o sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n 4_o age_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o â—or_a no_o soon_o do_v they_o come_v to_o that_o age_n but_o they_o be_v immediate_o presume_v to_o be_v able_a to_o govern_v their_o house_n and_o to_o marry_v such_o a_o husband_n that_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o do_v the_o service_n due_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n ibid._n fee_n bract._n &_o lit._n ibid._n but_o if_o she_o be_v complete_a fourteen_o year_n old_a at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o ancestor_n neither_o her_o body_n or_o land_n shall_v fall_v under_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n 7._o lord_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o mert._n c._n 6._o west_n 1._o c_o 22._o instit_fw-la jur._n com._n c._n 24._o br._n tit_n gard._n 7._o 4._o but_o if_o in_o this_o case_n it_o come_v in_o question_n whether_o the_o heir_n be_v a_o infant_n or_o not_o he_o shall_v remain_v in_o custody_n until_o it_o be_v determine_v b._n determine_v brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o brit._n c._n 66_o fol._n 167._o b._n 5._o if_o a_o knight_n fee_n descend_v to_o a_o heir_n 〈◊〉_d the_o mother_n side_n the_o father_n live_v shalâ—_n have_v the_o guard_n of_o his_o body_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o land_n for_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o no_o one_o as_o to_o his_o person_n shall_v fall_v into_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n his_o father_n live_v 4._o live_v lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o 6._o if_o land_n discend_v to_o a_o wife_n who_o after_o issue_n have_v by_o her_o husband_n die_v so_o that_o the_o husband_n for_o default_n of_o have_v possession_n 〈◊〉_d the_o land_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o wife_n can_v be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n in_o this_o case_n the_o issue_n unless_o it_o be_v heir_n to_o the_o father_n as_o be_v his_o elder_a son_n shall_v be_v in_o custody_n and_o if_o such_o issue_n be_v a_o female_a and_o a_o infant_n at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o mother_n she_o shall_v remain_v if_o her_o father_n have_v a_o son_n live_v in_o custody_n notwithstanding_o her_o father_n be_v alive_a 143._o alive_a f._n b._n fol._n 143._o 7._o lord_n of_o a_o knight_n fee_n may_v transfer_v the_o guard_n of_o his_o tenant_n to_o another_o from_o whence_o there_o arise_v this_o distinction_n of_o guardian_n iâ—_n law_n and_o guardian_n in_o tail_n guardian_n iâ—_n law_n be_v the_o lord_n himself_o guardian_n in_o tail_n be_v he_o to_o who_o the_o lord_n have_v grant_v the_o the_o custody_n of_o his_o heir_n 4._o heir_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 3._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o 8._o there_o be_v also_o a_o guardian_n simple_o and_o original_o so_o call_v and_o a_o guardian_n by_o accident_n from_o the_o cause_n of_o custody_n original_o be_v he_o who_o in_o right_n of_o his_o fee_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o his_o tenant_n causary_o be_v he_o who_o for_o that_o he_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o his_o own_o tenant_n be_v yet_o a_o infant_n have_v upon_o that_o score_n the_o custody_n of_o another_o who_o be_v tenant_n to_o his_o ward_n 38._o ward_n f._n b._n fol._n 139._o d._n dyer_n 123_o n._n 38._o for_o a_o infant_n can_v be_v guardiâ—â—_n of_o a_o infant_n 11._o infant_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 11._o â—_o when_o there_o be_v a_o heir_n male_a or_o female_a â—ho_n have_v many_o capital_a lord_n they_o can_v 〈◊〉_d have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o therefore_o one_o must_v be_v prefer_v before_o the_o rest_n â—nd_v that_o be_v he_o who_o first_o enfeoff_v the_o tenant_n 〈◊〉_d knight_n service_n the_o rest_n shall_v only_o be_v permit_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n which_o â—â—e_v hold_v of_o their_o fee_n 2._o fee_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 4_o etc._n etc._n stamf._n prerog_n c._n 2._o 10._o but_o if_o any_o heir_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o â—â—pite_n by_o knight_n service_n whether_o he_o have_v â—â—her_a lord_n or_o not_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o â—eir_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o priority_n or_o posteriority_n of_o infeoff_v for_o that_o the_o king_n â—ath_v no_o equal_a or_o superior_a in_o his_o realm_n sup_n realm_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 10._o bract._n &_o stam._n ut_fw-la sup_n 11._o a_o ward_n who_o be_v once_o free_v from_o the_o custody_n of_o his_o guardian_n as_o by_o marry_v or_o contract_v matrimony_n with_o his_o consent_n â—â—all_v not_o return_v again_o into_o the_o custody_n and_o â—â—at_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v under_o fourteen_o â—ears_n of_o age_n or_o afterward_o that_o he_o shall_v marâ—y_v before_o 21._o 4._o 21._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 38._o n._n 1._o lit._n l._n 2._o c_o 4._o 12._o if_o there_o shall_v be_v many_o daughter_n coâ—cites_v who_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n they_o â—hall_v be_v all_o under_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o capital_a â—ord_n and_o none_o under_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o mother_n 6._o mother_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 6._o of_o the_o legal_a guardianship_n of_o parent_n tit._n xviii_o the_o father_n be_v prefer_v before_o all_o other_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o his_o elder_a soâ—_n for_o if_o a_o inheritance_n fall_v to_o such_o a_o infaâ—â—_n who_o have_v a_o father_n live_v notwithstanding_o that_o the_o land_n if_o they_o be_v hold_v in_o knight_n service_n be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n yet_o the_o body_n of_o the_o heir_n shall_v remaiâ—_n with_o his_o father_n 37._o father_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o cook_n l._n 3._o case_n rat._n foe_n .._o 37._o 1._o so_o also_o the_o mother_n of_o a_o infant_n 〈◊〉_d hold_v in_o socage_n shall_v have_v the_o custody_n 〈◊〉_d the_o body_n and_o land_n of_o the_o heir_n before_o aâ—â—_n kindred_n either_o of_o the_o father_n side_n or_o mothâ—â—_n side_n of_o fiduciary_a guardianship_n tit._n xix_o that_o tutela_n fiduciaria_n which_o the_o romanâ—_n impose_v upon_o the_o male_a child_n theiâ—_n parent_n be_v dead_a and_o upon_o the_o childreâ—_n of_o patron_n our_o ancestor_n seem_v whole_o 〈◊〉_d have_v neglect_v concern_v the_o first_o weâ—_n have_v nothing_o determine_v save_o that_o which_o we_o mention_v before_o of_o the_o legal_a guardianship_n
although_o he_o have_v it_o not_o at_o first_o upon_o this_o score_n yet_o since_o the_o owner_n himself_o suffer_v he_o to_o enjoy_v it_o upon_o this_o or_o another_o account_n it_o become_v he_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n if_o any_o one_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o another_o right_n without_o a_o just_a precedent_n cause_n namely_o by_o intrusion_n or_o disseisin_n and_o the_o owner_n will_v that_o the_o intruder_n or_o disseisor_n shalâ—_n have_v it_o it_o shall_v be_v he_o although_o the_o owner_n be_v not_o possess_v of_o it_o at_o all_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o possession_n and_o property_n in_o the_o thing_n come_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o owner_n will_v as_o from_o he_o and_o by_o his_o own_o hand_n 20._o hand_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 18._o n._n 2._o lit._n l._n 3._o c._n release_v flet._n l._n 4._o c._n 20._o 41._o thing_n sell_v and_o deliver_v be_v no_o otherwise_o the_o buyer_n then_o as_o pay_v the_o seller_n for_o they_o or_o otherwise_o satisfy_v he_o as_o by_o pledge_n or_o earnest_n 30._o earnest_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 27_o n._n 1._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 51._o dyer_n f._n 76._o n._n 30._o unless_o the_o seller_n let_v he_o have_v it_o upon_o his_o credit_n 9_o credit_n dyer_n f._n 30_o n._n 203._o blow_n f._n 432._o &_o f._n 5._o &_o 9_o 42._o where_o livery_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o any_o one_o either_o by_o the_o owner_n himself_o or_o his_o attorney_n of_o any_o house_n by_o itself_o or_o of_o any_o message_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o fee_n to_o that_o intent_n that_o the_o donee_n shall_v have_v the_o possession_n until_o a_o certain_a term_n with_o all_o the_o right_n and_o appurtenance_n it_o be_v not_o needful_a in_o this_o case_n to_o go_v round_o all_o the_o land_n or_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o every_o part_n or_o parcel_n of_o it_o but_o it_o suffice_v if_o livery_n be_v give_v by_o a_o door_n or_o by_o the_o hasp_v or_o ring_n of_o a_o door_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o shall_v be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a by_o the_o intention_n and_o view_n and_o by_o the_o consequence_n of_o possession_n but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o house_n he_o may_v have_v seisin_n as_o it_o be_v common_o call_a by_o a_o staff_n or_o twig_n and_o the_o mere_a set_n of_o the_o foot_n upon_o the_o soil_n with_o a_o desire_n of_o possess_v and_o a_o intention_n of_o the_o donor_n be_v sufficient_a notwithstanding_o that_o it_o do_v not_o immediate_o inure_v to_o take_v its_o effect_n 2._o effect_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 18._o n._n 2._o but_o without_o livery_n of_o seisin_n a_o freehold_n pass_v not_o either_o by_o feoffment_n gift_n or_o lease_n 216._o lease_n brit._n c._n 33._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 19_o doct._n &_o stu._n c._n 7._o f._n 14._o lit._n c._n attornment_n perk._n from_o f._n 206._o to_o f._n 216._o 43._o those_o which_o the_o roman_n call_v missilia_fw-la or_o the_o liberality_n which_o emperor_n and_o prince_n scatter_v among_o the_o people_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a with_o we_o as_o they_o be_v with_o they_o yet_o we_o have_v some_o mention_n of_o they_o which_o carry_v the_o same_o right_n with_o they_o as_o when_o the_o conduit_n of_o london_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n or_o other_o such_o like_a solemnity_n 〈◊〉_d with_o wine_n every_o one_o have_v a_o property_n in_o the_o wine_n he_o there_o take_v 47_o take_v bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 12._o n._n 10._o fle._n l._n 1._o c._n 43._o &_o 47_o 44_o whatsoever_o be_v leave_v and_o forsake_v ouâ—_n lawyer_n term_v a_o waife_n this_o be_v former_o by_o natural_a right_a the_o finder_n but_o now_o by_o ouâ—_n custom_n it_o be_v the_o king_n waife_n king_n bro._n tit_n estray_n &_o waife_n that_o also_o it_o call_v a_o waife_n when_o any_o personal_a or_o movable_a chattel_n be_v felonious_o take_v and_o be_v through_o the_o fear_n of_o tâ—e_v felon_n leave_v have_v no_o owner_n to_o claim_v it_o 39_o it_o kitch_n f._n 12_o b._n n._n 39_o wherefore_o if_o any_o such_o thing_n be_v find_v it_o be_v the_o king_n or_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n to_o who_o this_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n yet_o so_o that_o restitution_n be_v to_o be_v make_v if_o the_o owner_n claim_v it_o within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n 17._o day_n brit._n c._n 17._o 45._o so_o any_o beast_n that_o be_v find_v stray_v in_o any_o one_o ground_n follow_v the_o custom_n of_o thing_n leave_v for_o even_o these_o also_o be_v by_o out_o ancient_a writer_n include_v under_o the_o name_n of_o waife_n 47_o waife_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 12._o n._n 10._o fl._n l._n 1._o c._n 43._o &_o 47_o but_o other_o call_v they_o by_o a_o more_o particular_a name_n estray_v 17_o estray_v brit._n d._n c._n 17_o which_o our_o latin_v render_v extrahura_n because_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o break_v forth_o and_o stray_v against_o their_o owner_n will_v and_o these_o after_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n if_o not_o claim_v by_o their_o owner_n within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n escheat_n to_o the_o king_n or_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n where_o they_o be_v take_v provide_v they_o be_v due_o cry_v and_o proclaim_v in_o the_o neighbour_a market_n ib._n market_n brit._n ib._n 46._o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o thing_n cast_v out_o of_o a_o ship_n in_o a_o tempest_n to_o lighten_v the_o ship_n or_o of_o such_o thing_n which_o happen_v to_o fall_v out_o of_o a_o cart_n when_o it_o run_v the_o owner_n not_o â—owing_v of_o they_o but_o in_o case_n of_o shipwreck_n which_o we_o call_v a_o wreck_n where_o neither_o any_o 〈◊〉_d the_o passenger_n nor_o any_o cat_n or_o dog_n â—â—ts_v from_o the_o ship_n to_o the_o shore_n a_o live_v whatâ—â—ever_o of_o the_o good_n or_o ship_n shall_v be_v cast_v upâ—â—_n the_o land_n by_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v the_o king_n 〈◊〉_d the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n to_o who_o the_o king_n â—â—th_v grant_v this_o privilege_n 4._o privilege_n brit._n d._n c._n 17._o &_o westm_n 1._o c._n 4._o 47._o no_o man_n can_v have_v any_o property_n of_o â—ands_n in_o england_n before_o he_o be_v a_o free_a deniâ—en_n 29._o deniâ—en_n bract._n l._n 5._o tract_n 5._o c._n 25._o n._n 3._o bro._n tit_n corporation_n 26._o dyer_n f._n 2._o n._n 8._o &_o f._n 224._o n._n 29._o for_o that_o whatsoever_o be_v purchase_v by_o â—n_n alien_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n 16._o king_n bro._n denizen_n 16._o of_o thing_n corporeal_a and_o incorporeal_a tit._n ii_o there_o be_v moreover_o of_o thing_n some_o which_o be_v corporeal_a and_o some_o which_o be_v incorporeal_a corporeal_a be_v such_o as_o may_v be_v touch_v as_o land_n ground_n thing_n immovable_a and_o movable_a which_o can_v move_v themselves_o as_o live_v creature_n and_o the_o like_a or_o which_o may_v be_v move_v thing_n which_o be_v incorporeal_a be_v such_o which_o can_v neither_o be_v see_v nor_o touch_v as_o right_n and_o privilege_n the_o right_a of_o walk_v act_v convey_v of_o water_n and_o the_o like_a 170._o like_a bract_n l_o 2._o c._n 12._o n._n 3._o flet._n l._n c._n c._n 3._o blow_n f._n 170._o now_o right_n and_o service_n be_v the_o same_o but_o have_v their_o appellation_n from_o a_o diverse_a respect_n 37._o respect_n bract._n l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 37._o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o right_n of_o pasture_v which_o we_o call_v common_a of_o pasture_n fish_v dig_v of_o turf_n fell_v in_o other_o man_n wood_n the_o right_a of_o presentation_n to_o 〈◊〉_d benefice_n distinct_a from_o a_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n which_o be_v by_o we_o call_v piscarye_n turnryes_n estover_n ib._n estover_n id._n ib._n advowsons_n in_o gross_a 18._o gross_a bro._n tenure_n n._n 15._o &_o 18._o and_o last_o a_o annual_a rent_n 30._o rent_n doct._n &_o stu._n c._n 30._o now_o this_o can_v be_v say_v proper_o to_o be_v in_o possession_n but_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v instit_fw-la be_v bract._n l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 37._o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 23._o mynsâ—n_n ad_fw-la rubr_n instit_fw-la 1._o for_o thing_n movable_a or_o immovable_a our_o law_n determine_v quatenus_fw-la to_o the_o person_n and_o as_o they_o either_o be_v or_o be_v not_o in_o the_o poâ—er_n or_o property_n of_o man_n ib._n man_n id._n ib._n now_o property_n be_v 〈◊〉_d full_a and_o absolute_a right_n of_o dispose_v of_o or_o sell_v any_o thing_n corporeal_a unless_o the_o law_n &_o any_o condition_n hinder_v 40_o hinder_v gothof_n ad_fw-la rubr_n â—_o de_fw-fr aqu_fw-fr rerum_fw-la dominio_fw-la lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 21_o &_o 23._o brit._n c._n 40_o possession_n or_o seâ—suâ—e_n in_o dominico_n etc._n etc._n be_v proper_o of_o corpore_fw-la all_o thing_n and_o incorporeal_a we_o only_o say_v as_o of_o fee_n for_o that_o they_o be_v
party_n slay_v s_o 8._o thing_n immovable_a whether_o corporal_a or_o incorporal_a have_v divers_a prescription_n the_o most_o usual_a be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o long_a and_o be_v extend_v beyond_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n for_o whosoever_o will_v prescribe_v against_o another_o the_o maintain_n of_o a_o chaplain_n to_o celebrate_v divine_a service_n in_o any_o church_n chaplein_n church_n new_a bo_o ent_n act._n in_o chaplein_n or_o the_o repair_n of_o a_o church_n reparation_n church_n eod_n tit_n in_o reparation_n or_o that_o be_v present_a at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o master_n of_o a_o hospital_n hospital_n hospital_n eod_n tit_n quare_fw-la in_o edit_n in_o hospital_n or_o a_o annuity_n politic_a annuity_n eod._n tit_n annuity_n in_o corp_n politic_a or_o the_o cognisance_n of_o any_o plea_n in_o his_o court_n brief_a court_n eod_a serm_n de_fw-fr brief_a or_o any_o service_n in_o his_o fee_n 122_o fee_n eod_a replev_n in_o amerciament_n f._n n_o b._n foe_o 122_o he_o muâ—â—_n prove_v they_o to_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n or_o he_o do_v nothing_o nor_o do_v we_o mean_v any_o other_o than_o this_o when_o we_o speak_v general_o of_o prescription_n 8._o prescription_n dr._n &_o stu_fw-la l_o 1_o c_o 8._o 9_o but_o there_o be_v prescription_n of_o shortâ—â—_n time_n as_o of_o 40_o year_n in_o the_o way_n of_o tithing_n 13._o tithing_n 2_o &_o 3_o e._n 6._o c._n 13._o five_o year_n for_o land_n and_o tenement_n in_o case_n of_o a_o fine_a acknowledge_v lawful_o 3_o lawful_o dr._n stu._n l._n 1_o c._n 25_o l._n 2_o c_o 14_o lit._n l._n 3_o c_o 7_o inst_z come_v c_o 27_o plough_v 357_o dier_n foe_n 72_o n_o 3_o of_o three_o year_n in_o case_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n hold_v get_v by_o forcbile_a entry_n and_o hold_v so_o long_o in_o quiet_a possession_n 9_o possession_n 8_o h_n 6_o c_o 9_o of_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n for_o a_o villain_n to_o assent_v his_o liberty_n against_o his_o lord_n if_o he_o have_v continue_v so_o long_o in_o ancient_a demesne_n or_o in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n city_n or_o town_n without_o be_v claim_v oâ—_n molest_v 77_o molest_v flet_n l_o 2_o c_o 51_o f_o n_z b_o foe_fw-mi 77_o as_o also_o for_o the_o confirmation_n oâ—_n any_o deed_n make_v by_o one_o who_o be_v in_o prison_n unless_o he_o who_o make_v it_o do_v in_o the_o interim_n revoke_v it_o claim_n it_o liâ—_n l_o 3_o c_o 7_o brac_n l_o 4_o tr_fw-la 1_o c_o 2._o n_o 7_o brit_n c_o 42_o blow_n f_o 357_o and_o 372_o new_a term_n for_o non_fw-la claim_n so_o also_o for_o the_o hinder_v the_o entry_n of_o he_o who_o have_v omit_v continual_a claim_n in_o case_n of_o his_o be_v unjust_o disseise_v of_o those_o land_n and_o tenement_n if_o he_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o recover_v they_o so_o come_v by_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o disseisor_n 29_o disseisor_n brit_n c_o 34_o perk_n grant_n 29_o 10._o no_o prescription_n of_o time_n shall_v prejudice_v the_o supreme_a power_n 7_o power_n id_fw-la c_o 34_o brabant_n l_o 2_o c_o 5_o n_z 7_o nor_o any_o lord_n but_o that_o he_o may_v challenge_v the_o perquisite_a of_o his_o villain_n ib_o villain_n brac_n ib_o 11._o nor_o be_v there_o a_o prescription_n in_o all_o thing_n as_o for_o example_n not_o in_o those_o which_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o commerce_n nor_o in_o those_o of_o which_o the_o crown_n be_v proper_o sole_a lord_n 11_o lord_n lit_n l_o 2_o c_o 11_o nor_o where_o the_o use_n be_v repugnant_a to_o reason_n and_o good_a manner_n tr_fw-la manner_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la brac_n tr_fw-la nor_o in_o case_n where_o a_o alienation_n can_v be_v make_v without_o a_o instrument_n 13_o instrument_n brac_n l_o 2_o c_o 19_o n_o 4_o 1_o c_o 38_o n_o 13_o and_o it_o be_v agree_v among_o some_o of_o what_o thing_n a_o prescription_n can_v be_v and_o receive_v general_a with_o we_o that_o no_o prescription_n in_o land_n make_v a_o right_a 8._o right_a dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o 12._o nor_o can_v a_o prescription_n be_v of_o those_o pertinency_n who_o principle_n have_v not_o a_o perpetual_a and_o durable_a continuance_n 40._o continuance_n dier_n foe_fw-mi 70._o n._n 40._o or_o of_o those_o thing_n whereof_o no_o one_o can_v tell_v what_o he_o or_o his_o ancestor_n particular_o who_o estate_n he_o have_v do_v possess_v 42_o possess_v id._n foe_o 71._o n._n 42_o and_o last_o a_o prescription_n be_v of_o no_o validity_n against_o a_o statute_n afterward_o make_v 13._o make_v id._n of_o 373._o n._n 13._o 13._o it_o be_v much_o controvert_v among_o the_o ancient_n how_o long_o after_o one_o may_v bring_v his_o writ_n of_o right_n after_o the_o title_n or_o right_o to_o land_n or_o tenement_n etc._n etc._n have_v lie_v dormant_a or_o his_o assize_n or_o writ_n of_o entry_n to_o gain_v a_o possession_n as_o it_o be_v lose_v by_o he_o to_o who_o it_o appertain_v 21._o appertain_v thaleat_fw-la digest_v br_n l._n 10._o c._n 21._o but_o this_o whole_a controversy_n be_v compose_v by_o the_o prudence_n of_o parliament_n which_o have_v provide_v and_o fit_v apt_a remedy_n for_o the_o difference_n in_o each_o case_n â—_o case_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 2._o coo._n l._n 4._o bevils_n case_n foe_n 10._o â—_o of_o gift_n tit._n vii_o there_o be_v many_o way_n of_o acquisition_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n viz._n by_o way_n of_o gift_n succession_n testament_n and_o other_o as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o 2._o hereafter_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 2._o but_o in_o regard_n that_o among_o all_o the_o other_o cause_n the_o most_o great_a know_v and_o famous_a be_v that_o of_o donation_n or_o gift_n therefore_o it_o do_v worthy_o challenge_v the_o first_o place_n for_o that_o by_o it_o there_o be_v a_o more_o great_a and_o frequent_a acquisition_n then_o any_o other_o 34._o other_o brac._n cod_n c._n 5._o n._n 2._o brit._n c._n 34._o 1._o donation_n be_v a_o certain_a institution_n which_o proceed_v out_o of_o mere_a courtesy_n and_o will_n without_o any_o coercive_a or_o compulsive_a law_n or_o right_n transfer_v a_o thing_n unto_o another_o and_o to_o give_v be_v to_o render_v a_o thing_n his_o that_o receiu_v it_o effectual_o otherwise_o that_o donation_n or_o give_v be_v useless_a which_o can_v be_v revoke_v and_o make_v void_a 3._o void_a bract._n eod_a n._n 2._o brit._n ib._n flet._n l._n 3._o 2._o our_o author_n do_v frequent_o call_v a_o donation_n a_o feoffment_n but_o the_o word_n donation_n have_v a_o great_a latitude_n for_o that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o comprehend_v a_o free_a alienation_n of_o immovables_n but_o of_o some_o moveable_n also_o 26._o also_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o yet_o in_o land_n these_o appellation_n be_v distinguish_v thus_o a_o feoffment_n be_v of_o a_o fee_n simple_a to_o the_o donee_n or_o feoffee_n and_o a_o donation_n or_o gift_n be_v of_o a_o estate_n tail_n 6._o tail_n lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o 3._o donation_n in_o the_o large_a signification_n be_v thus_o divide_v viz._n that_o it_o be_v either_o among_o those_o who_o be_v still_o live_v or_o upon_o occasion_n of_o death_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o 57_o hereafter_o brac._n l._n 2_o c._n 5._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 57_o of_o gift_n some_o be_v simple_a and_o pure_a as_o namely_o those_o which_o proceed_v no_o law_n or_o right_n either_o civil_a or_o natural_a enforce_a no_o reward_n fear_v or_o force_v intervene_v from_o the_o mere_a free_a bounty_n of_o the_o donor_n and_o where_o the_o donor_n will_v not_o in_o any_o case_n that_o the_o thing_n give_v shall_v revert_v to_o he_o 8_o he_o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o n._n 3._o and_o l._n 2._o c._n 10._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o and_o c._n 8_o another_o be_v from_o a_o future_a cause_n namely_o where_o any_o cause_n be_v interpose_v for_o which_o a_o thing_n shall_v or_o shall_v not_o be_v 34._o be_v dier_n foe_n 33._o n._n 34._o under_o which_o kind_n fall_v gift_n by_o reason_n of_o marririage_n dower_n 9_o dower_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 1._o and_o c._n 18._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 9_o or_o death_n etc._n etc._n as_o if_o one_o give_v any_o thing_n with_o such_o a_o intention_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o donee_n when_o a_o subsequent_a thing_n be_v perform_v and_o these_o kind_n of_o gift_n be_v not_o proper_o donation_n when_o they_o be_v conditional_a 11._o conditional_a bract._n ib._n bri._n c._n 34._o f._n n._n b._n f._n 205._o h._n flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 11._o but_o donation_n be_v sometime_o with_o relation_n to_o a_o cause_n past_a 76_o past_a brit._n c._n 35._o light_v c._n 5._o foe_n 76_o and_o sometime_o with_o relation_n both_o to_o past_a and_o future_a cause_n 5._o cause_n plowden_n foe_n 455_o n_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o
because_o that_o have_v this_o condition_n annex_v viz._n i_o ordain_v a._n my_o heir_n and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o be_v heir_n than_o my_o will_n be_v that_o b._n shall_v be_v my_o heir_n eod_a heir_n inflit._n eod_a now_o this_o of_o we_o iâ—_n not_o bind_v but_o be_v rather_o tacit_o impose_v contrary_a to_o the_o legator_n as_o namely_o thus_o i_o give_v and_o bequeath_v such_o a_o fee_n to_o a._n and_o if_o he_o accept_v it_o then_o i_o will_v that_o such_o or_o such_o shall_v be_v his_o heir_n or_o successor_n 24._o successor_n westminst_n 2_o c._n 1._o dr._n stu._n l._n 7._o c._n 24._o 2._o in_o like_a manner_n if_o we_o bequeath_v any_o thing_n conditional_o to_o any_o one_o we_o make_v substitution_n to_o another_o in_o case_n the_o condition_n be_v not_o perform_v for_o example_n i_o give_v a_o hundred_o pound_n to_o a._n when_o he_o shall_v marry_v a_o wife_n or_o if_o he_o shall_v not_o get_v a_o son_n of_o my_o daughter_n lawful_o than_o i_o give_v the_o say_v hundred_o pound_n to_o b._n of_o pupillary_a substitution_n tit._n xvi_o in_o this_o substitution_n we_o do_v not_o so_o much_o regard_v the_o power_n of_o our_o country_n as_o the_o liberty_n of_o tâ—e_v testator_n so_o that_o a_o legate_n oâ—_n may_v make_v a_o substitution_n pupillary_n either_o to_o his_o own_o chidren_n or_o to_o stranger_n legatee_n who_o be_v under_o age_n as_o i_o give_v to_o a._n my_o own_o child_n or_o another_o a_o hundred_o pound_n when_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o age_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v die_v before_o then_o i_o bequeath_v the_o same_o one_o hundred_o pound_n to_o b._n but_o in_o regard_n that_o case_n of_o will_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n try_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a and_o pontificial_a law_n 2._o law_n bra._n l._n 2._o c._n 26_o n_o 2._o therefore_o our_o law_n have_v as_o it_o be_v pass_v by_o for_o the_o most_o part_n this_o and_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o leave_v they_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o civil_a and_o pontificial_a law_n how_o will_n be_v invalidate_v tit._n xvii_o will_v 's_o can_v be_v just_o make_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la by_o those_o who_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o make_v will_n those_o who_o be_v we_o have_v mention_v before_o they_o may_v also_o be_v null_v by_o a_o late_a will_n 47._o will_n perk._n 476._o 479._o 480._o fulb._n paral_a devise_n foe_n 47._o or_o invalidate_v by_o treason_n etc._n etc._n as_o where_o one_o be_v condemn_v for_o treason_n or_o felony_n after_o his_o will_n make_v 32._o make_v stan._n pl._n corp_n l._n 3_o c._n 20._o and_o c._n 32._o or_o if_o the_o testator_n revoke_v his_o will_n or_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o executor_n who_o he_o name_v throughout_o name_v bro._n exec._n throughout_o 1._o suppose_v a._n make_v two_o will_n one_o in_o the_o six_o the_o other_o in_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o eliz._n at_o length_n he_o be_v sick_a and_o speechless_a b._n his_o familiar_a friend_n come_v unto_o he_o give_v he_o into_o his_o hand_n both_o the_o will_n and_o desire_v he_o to_o return_v that_o which_o he_o will_v have_v stand_v for_o his_o will_n a._n return_n that_o which_o be_v make_v the_o six_o year_n in_o this_o case_n that_o will_v which_o he_o return_v shall_v be_v esteem_v the_o late_a 479_o late_a perk._n 479_o 2._o and_o it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o a_o man_n will_n which_o according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v ambulatory_a or_o alterable_a until_o death_n can_v be_v alter_v in_o regard_n of_o prejudice_v another_o contract_n upon_o which_o account_n the_o will_n be_v make_v for_o example_n a._n be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n which_o he_o alienates_v to_o b._n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v his_o for_o life_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_v a._n the_o remainder_n 12._o e_z in_o ip_n co._n i_o be_o arcisc_a &_o l._n omnium_fw-la 19_o c._n de_fw-fr testa_n f_o dier_n foe_fw-mi 49._o n._n 12._o to_o c._n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o upon_o this_o a._n make_v his_o last_o will_n after_o have_v give_v the_o possession_n to_o b._n this_o will_n quatenus_fw-la to_o the_o alienation_n can_v be_v null_v by_o a_o late_a and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_a land_n do_v immediate_o belong_v to_o c._n to_o who_o the_o remainder_n be_v transfer_v so_o that_o he_o may_v immediate_o sell_v they_o if_o he_o please_v 480._o please_v id_fw-la foe_n 325._o n._n 73._o perr_n 480._o of_o those_o will_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o civilian_n testamenta_fw-la inofficiosa_fw-la tit._n xviii_o the_o plaint_n or_o action_n in_o the_o case_n of_o testamentum_fw-la inofficiosum_fw-la be_v not_o in_o use_n with_o we_o for_o as_o concern_v land_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n in_o case_n the_o father_n do_v not_o leave_v his_o lawful_a heir_n either_o while_o he_o live_v or_o at_o his_o death_n a_o three_o part_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n the_o will_n be_v void_a as_o to_o that_o part_n 1_o part_n 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 1_o so_o that_o the_o heir_n may_v notwithstanding_o take_v possession_n thereof_o or_o else_o if_o he_o have_v get_v it_o he_o may_v immediate_o himself_o refuse_v 2_o refuse_v brac._n l._n 2._o c_o 30_o n_o 2_o the_o parcel_n bequeath_v or_o quit_v it_o or_o remove_v it_o by_o law_n ib_fw-la law_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la 1._o for_o the_o dispose_n of_o chattel_n there_o be_v several_a custom_n in_o several_a place_n of_o which_o there_o remain_v very_o clear_a sign_n in_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o our_o law_n 2_o law_n glan_n l_o 7_o c_o 5_o and_o 7_o brac_n l_o 2_o c_o 26_o n_o 2_o but_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o testator_n have_v always_o a_o free_a will_n of_o dispose_v ib_fw-la dispose_v id_fw-la ib_fw-la wherefore_o that_o writ_n which_o be_v call_v breve_fw-la derationabili_fw-la partebonorum_fw-la which_o liâ—s_v for_o the_o wife_n or_o child_n against_o the_o executor_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o part_n of_o the_o good_n â—_o good_n regist_n foe_o 142_o b_o f_o n_o 122_o â—_o be_v not_o general_a but_o peculiar_a to_o certain_a country_n where_o the_o custom_n be_v that_o debt_n be_v pay_v the_o remainder_n shall_v be_v divide_v into_o part_n viz._n one_o part_n to_o the_o wife_n the_o other_o to_o the_o child_n and_o the_o three_o to_o be_v leave_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n of_o the_o quality_n and_o difference_n of_o heir_n tit._n xix_o heir_n as_o they_o be_v take_v with_o we_o be_v necessary_a in_o time_n past_a as_o to_o the_o drive_v a_o inheritance_n from_o our_o ancient_a predecessor_n to_o the_o next_o ancestor_n 1_o ancestor_n glan_n l_o 7_o c_o 1_o as_o they_o be_v now_o with_o we_o as_o to_o part_v 1_o part_v 32_o h_n 8_o c_o 1_o and_o that_o not_o only_o as_o to_o a_o succession_n in_o the_o estate_n but_o also_o as_o to_o the_o draw_v upon_o themselves_o the_o debt_n of_o their_o ancestor_n 7_o ancestor_n brac_n l_o 2_o c_o 16_o n_o 7_o and_o they_o be_v also_o for_o ever_o bind_v and_o oblige_v to_o warranties_n that_o be_v to_o the_o assurance_n which_o either_o they_o or_o their_o ancestor_n engage_v and_o promise_v to_o those_o to_o who_o they_o sell_v any_o land_n 1._o but_o for_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o child_n natural_a and_o legitimate_a be_v prefer_v before_o other_o to_o succession_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o see_v the_o estate_n and_o difference_n of_o child_n which_o real_o be_v very_o much_o for_o of_o child_n some_o be_v natural_a and_o legitimate_a and_o of_o this_o sort_n some_o be_v son_n and_o heir_n some_o son_n but_o not_o heir_n some_o also_o be_v heir_n of_o the_o father_n some_o of_o the_o mother_n some_o both_o of_o father_n and_o mother_n some_o also_o be_v not_o heir_n although_o legitimate_a and_o natural_a some_o by_o accident_n begin_v to_o be_v heir_n and_o some_o cease_v to_o be_v so_o so_o also_o of_o natural_a and_o legitimate_a issue_n some_o be_v near_o some_o more_o near_o some_o be_v remove_v some_o more_o remove_v 1._o remove_v brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 29_o 30._o brit._n c._n 118._o coo._n l._n 3._o ratc._n case_n foe_fw-mi 40_o 41_o 42._o blow_n 28._o flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o but_o of_o this_o elsewhere_o of_o devise_n tit._n xx._n that_o kind_n of_o donation_n which_o be_v in_o case_n of_o death_n be_v where_o the_o testator_n have_v rather_o that_o himself_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o thing_n bequeath_v then_o that_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v bequeath_v shall_v have_v it_o and_o yet_o that_o he_o have_v rather_o that_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v bequeath_v shall_v have_v it_o than_o his_o own_o heir_n 1._o heir_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 21._o n._n 1._o 1._o our_o common_a law_n
although_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o leave_v the_o case_n of_o will_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a and_o common_a law_n yet_o be_v there_o certan_a particular_a case_n of_o land_n and_o chattel_n real_o and_o which_o she_o have_v reserve_v to_o herself_o and_o those_o with_o as_o much_o brevity_n as_o we_o can_v we_o shall_v sum_v up_o 2._o and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n all_o may_v give_v legacy_n who_o be_v capable_a of_o make_v will_n and_o who_o they_o be_v we_o have_v former_o mention_v but_o no_o man_n can_v right_o bequeath_v land_n or_o tenement_n who_o have_v not_o the_o possession_n of_o they_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n of_o the_o will_n 8._o will_n fulb._n par._n e._n devise_n foe_n 37._o a._n 32._o 34._o h._n 8._o which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v if_o no_o other_o person_n be_v not_o also_o in_o possession_n in_o his_o right_n or_o name_n for_o one_o may_v bequeath_v a_o reversion_n 3._o all_o man_n also_o be_v capable_a of_o legacy_n who_o be_v not_o especial_o except_v by_o the_o law_n which_o be_v religious_a person_n and_o person_n not_o yet_o in_o be_v although_o they_o afterward_o shall_v be_v as_o if_o one_o make_v a_o bequest_n to_o such_o a_o college_n or_o chantry_n of_o which_o name_n though_o there_o be_v not_o any_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o testator_n death_n yet_o there_o happen_v to_o be_v one_o afterward_o b._n afterward_o perk._n 505_o fulb._n ib._n foe_n 35._o b._n but_o a_o post_n humus_fw-la in_o favour_n of_o testament_n although_o he_o be_v in_o the_o womb_n be_v notwitstand_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v devise_n be_v term_n v._o devise_n 4_o a_o husband_n although_o he_o can_v make_v a_o gift_n to_o his_o wife_n in_o his_o life_n time_n because_o they_o be_v both_o adjudge_v one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n during_o matrimony_n yet_o he_o may_v give_v and_o bequeath_v land_n unto_o she_o by_o will_n in_o regard_n that_o legacy_n take_v no_o effect_n before_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n by_o which_o this_o conjunction_n be_v dissolve_v a._n dissolve_v fulb._n ib._n 36._o a._n 5._o one_o may_v also_o give_v a_o legacy_n to_o a_o uncertain_a person_n which_o may_v afterward_o be_v render_v certain_a as_o a_o annuity_n be_v give_v to_o a._n for_o life_n and_o after_o his_o death_n to_o he_o who_o shall_v first_o in_o the_o morning_n enter_v saint_n paul_n church_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n b._n enter_v in_o the_o morning_n before_o any_o one_o else_o this_o legacy_n shall_v inure_v not_o only_o to_o a._n but_o to_o b._n and_o his_o heir_n also_o ib._n also_o id._n ib._n 6._o a_o body_n politic_a unless_o by_o the_o king_n particular_a charter_n be_v not_o in_o capacity_n of_o receive_v a_o estate_n bequeath_v 505_o bequeath_v perk._n 505_o 7._o by_o our_o ancient_a law_n fee_n can_v not_o be_v bequeath_v by_o will_n 14._o will_n id._n 537._o brit._n c._n 34._o 27._o h._n 8._o c._n 10._o dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o and_o c._n 20._o dier_n foe_fw-mi 74._o n._n 14._o but_o necessary_o descend_v to_o the_o next_o heir_n 54._o heir_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 1._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o dier_n foe_fw-mi 127._o n._n 54._o except_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a law_n the_o particular_a custom_n of_o any_o city_n or_o corporation_n permit_v i._o permit_v lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 18._o f._n n._n b._n 198._o i._o unless_o the_o heir_n consent_v to_o such_o bequest_n whosoever_o therefore_o will_v by_o his_o will_v give_v land_n to_o another_o do_v first_o infeoff_v one_o in_o they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n 528._o heir_n perk._n 528._o and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o may_v bequeath_v the_o use_n of_o the_o say_a land_n although_o he_o can_v not_o the_o land_n themselves_o unto_o a_o three_o person_n 97._o person_n id._n ib._n 97._o but_o late_a time_n have_v remedy_v this_o inconveniency_n or_o rather_o poor_a and_o weak_a comment_n and_o have_v decree_v that_o not_o only_o use_v but_o even_o the_o land_n themselves_o with_o some_o moderation_n may_v be_v bequeath_v 30._o bequeath_v 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o bro._n testam_fw-la 19_o swinb_n part_n 3._o s._n 4._o coo._n l._n 7._o case_n butler_n foe_fw-mi 30._o for_o of_o a_o knight_n fee_n we_o be_v yet_o oblige_v to_o leave_v the_o heir_n a_o three_o part_n and_o we_o be_v prohibit_v the_o bequeath_v of_o land_n by_o a_o will_v nuncupative_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o deceit_n and_o fraud_n they_o be_v subject_a unto_o 21._o unto_o dier_n 155._o n._n 21._o 8._o if_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n joint_o purchase_v land_n to_o they_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o man_n and_o the_o husband_n bequeath_v they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n to_o a_o stranger_n this_o be_v good_a for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o husband_n have_v the_o fee-simple_n 539._o fee-simple_n perk._n 539._o 9_o if_o there_o be_v two_o joynt-tenant_n in_o fee-simple_n where_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n land_n and_o tenement_n may_v be_v give_v by_o will_n and_o one_o of_o they_o bequeath_v his_o right_n to_o a_o three_o person_n this_o be_v void_a for_o since_o a_o will_n be_v not_o in_o force_n until_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n the_o right_a of_o a_o joynt-tenant_n at_o the_o very_a instant_n of_o his_o death_n be_v transfer_v by_o law_n unto_o his_o fellow_n 15_o fellow_n inst_z jur._n com._n c._n 15_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v otherwise_o in_o partner_n because_o partner_n have_v their_o land_n by_o blood_n and_o inheritance_n and_o not_o by_o the_o courtesy_n or_o pleasure_n of_o a_o donor_n joynt-tenant_n have_v they_o ib._n they_o ib._n 10._o a_o man_n may_v also_o appoint_v by_o his_o will_n that_o his_o executor_n may_v sell_v those_o land_n which_o he_o have_v in_o fee_n and_o which_o he_o may_v bequeath_v and_o that_o the_o profit_n arise_v from_o such_o sail_n may_v be_v employ_v for_o pious_a use_n or_o for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o soul_n 4._o soul_n perk._n 422._o 541._o 543._o 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 4._o but_o iâ—_n they_o shall_v cease_v to_o fulfil_v the_o command_n of_o the_o testator_n within_o two_o year_n the_o heir_n may_v enter_v upon_o they_o and_o eject_v they_o 523._o they_o fulb._n par_fw-fr c._n devise_n foe_n 40._o blow_n foe_fw-mi 523._o 11._o a._n be_v tenant_n in_o socage_n give_v the_o land_n which_o he_o have_v in_o fee-simple_n to_o his_o wife_n for_o term_v of_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o b._n his_o brother_n son_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v the_o say_a b._n to_o die_v without_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n beget_v not_o express_o nor_o implicitly_a name_n male_n there_o the_o say_a remainder_n to_o c._n another_o kinsman_n and_o his_o heir_n male_n in_o fee-simple_n and_o for_o defect_n of_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_v c._n then_o to_o the_o next_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_a lineage_n lawful_o beget_v b._n die_v leave_v only_a issue_n d._n a_o daughter_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o d._n shall_v have_v the_o land_n by_o force_n of_o those_o word_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v etc._n etc._n or_o some_o other_o heir_n male_a more_o remote_a but_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o those_o word_n do_v not_o create_v a_o general_a tail_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o b._n or_o hinder_v the_o land_n from_o remain_v to_o the_o heir_n male_n according_a as_o devise_v 7._o devise_v dier_n 171._o n._n 7._o 12._o chattel_n of_o any_o sort_n may_v be_v bequeath_v by_o will_n 511._o will_n perk._n 511._o wherefore_o the_o profit_n arise_v either_o from_o the_o custody_n of_o a_o body_n or_o land_n of_o a_o ward_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n horse_n ox_n sheep_n gold_n silver_n either_o in_o plate_n or_o money_n ring_n all_o manner_n of_o vessel_n without_o exception_n be_v diviseable_a 525._o diviseable_a id._n 525._o unless_o the_o testator_n have_v but_o a_o joint_a possession_n of_o they_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n 3._o death_n dr._n and._n stu._n l_o 1._o c._n 6._o lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o and_o unless_o they_o be_v affix_v to_o the_o fee_n or_o freehold_n and_o can_v be_v repute_v parcel_n of_o it_o be_v remove_v without_o waist_n 65._o waist_n bro._n execut._n 65._o 13._o monies_n also_o due_a upon_o bond_n or_o condition_n may_v be_v devise_v for_o that_o after_o they_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o executor_n they_o be_v due_a to_o the_o legatee_n 527._o legatee_n perk._n 527._o 14._o chattel_n which_o a_o man_n have_v in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n as_o lease_n for_o year_n etc._n etc._n be_v deviseable_a 560._o deviseable_a id._n 560._o 15._o a_o thing_n uncertain_a may_v be_v also_o devise_v so_o long_o as_o it_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o
certainty_n by_o the_o legatee_n b._n legatee_n fulb._n par_fw-fr 38._o b._n 16._o there_o have_v be_v a_o great_a difference_n in_o opinion_n among_o our_o learned_a lawyer_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o species_n in_o the_o case_n of_o corn_n etc._n etc._n sow_v by_o those_o who_o have_v land_n in_o possession_n and_o not_o sever_v from_o the_o soil_n for_o example_n tenant_n in_o dower_n sow_n corn_n and_o die_v before_o harvest_n she_o may_v devise_v the_o corn_n though_o not_o yet_o ripe_a 37._o ripe_a perk._n 521._o stat._n merton_n c._n 2._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o which_o be_v true_a also_o as_o to_o those_o land_n which_o she_o hold_v joint_o or_o several_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o dower_n 38._o dower_n perk._n 513._o fulb._n 17._o â—ural_a devise_n 38._o 17._o but_o if_o contrary_a to_o custom_n she_o be_v endow_v by_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o die_v leave_v corn_n grow_v her_o executor_n may_v be_v eject_v by_o the_o heir_n when_o he_o come_v to_o age_n and_o hinder_v from_o gather_v the_o profit_n 524._o profit_n perk._n 524._o so_o if_o the_o heir_n come_v of_o age_n recover_v land_n against_o his_o mother_n or_o widow_n of_o his_o ancestor_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o admeasurement_n of_o dower_n he_o shall_v recover_v not_o only_o the_o land_n but_o the_o corn_n also_o which_o be_v by_o he_o deviseable_a ib._n deviseable_a id._n ib._n 18._o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesey_n lease_v forth_o his_o land_n and_o die_v the_o lessee_n shall_v reap_v his_o corn_n and_o may_v if_o he_o die_v before_o it_o be_v ripe_a devise_v it_o 514._o it_o id._n 514._o which_o may_v also_o be_v do_v by_o a_o parson_n of_o a_o church_n as_o to_o his_o glebe_n land_n 11._o land_n 28._o h._n 8._o c._n 11._o 19_o so_o also_o he_o who_o have_v land_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n his_o wife_n die_v after_o the_o corn_n sow_v may_v reap_v the_o benefit_n be_v devise_v it_o 8._o it_o perk._n 518._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o which_o his_o lessee_n also_o in_o case_n he_o have_v lease_v out_o the_o say_a land_n may_v do_v b._n do_v perk._n 513._o fulb._n par_fw-fr fol._n 37._o b._n 20._o execution_n be_v take_v upon_o a_o manor_n of_o the_o debtor_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o statute_n merchant_n the_o creditor_n sow_n the_o land_n and_o before_o harvest_n a_o tenant_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n die_v the_o custody_n of_o who_o heir_n be_v under_o age_n satisfi_v the_o debt_n this_o will_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o creditor_n may_v also_o devise_v the_o corn_n not_o yet_o ripe_a or_o gather_v 516._o gather_v ib._n 516._o 21._o money_n be_v pay_v at_o the_o day_n upon_o a_o mortgage_n yet_o it_o seem_v the_o creditor_n although_o some_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n may_v devise_v the_o corn_n which_o he_o sow_v and_o which_o as_o yet_o remain_v ungathered_a ib._n ungathered_a id._n ib._n 22._o tenant_n in_o taile_n lease_v out_o his_o land_n for_o life_n the_o lessee_n sow_n corn_n the_o heir_n recover_v upon_o a_o formedon_n in_o the_o descend_a and_o die_v before_o the_o corn_n be_v gather_v this_o corn_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o though_o other_o contradict_v it_o he_o may_v devise_v by_o will._n b._n will._n perk._n 520._o fulb._n fol._n 37._o b._n 23._o tenant_n in_o fee-simple_n die_v and_o leave_v a_o only_a daughter_n and_o a_o wife_n with_o child_n the_o daughter_n enter_v and_o sow_n the_o land_n but_o before_o harvest_n the_o wife_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n to_o who_o use_n the_o next_o kinsman_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o estate_n in_o this_o case_n the_o daughter_n may_v devise_v the_o corn._n a_o corn._n perk._n 521._o fulb._n fol._n 38._o a_o but_o we_o will_v put_v the_o case_n thus_o the_o mother_n before_o the_o son_n be_v bear_v recover_v dower_n against_o the_o daughter_n and_o have_v that_o part_n assign_v by_o the_o sherifte_n which_o the_o daughter_n sow_v in_o this_o case_n she_o may_v devise_v the_o corn_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o quaere_fw-la ib._n quaere_fw-la perk._n ib._n 24._o tenant_n for_o term_n of_o year_n commit_v waste_v upon_o which_o the_o lessor_n recover_v the_o land_n in_o this_o case_n the_o lessee_n can_v devise_v the_o corn_n 515._o corn_n id._n 515._o neither_o can_v he_o if_o another_o upon_o a_o more_o ancient_a title_n recover_v the_o say_a land_n against_o the_o lessor_n ib._n lessor_n id._n ib._n 25._o lessee_n of_o a_o house_n for_o forty_o year_n devise_v the_o say_a house_n to_o a._n without_o mention_v the_o title_n which_o he_o have_v or_o give_v the_o question_n be_v what_o he_o devise_v and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o testator_n devise_v that_o title_n which_o himself_o have_v viz._n the_o term_n of_o forty_o year_n 69._o year_n dyer_n fol._n 307._o n._n 69._o 26._o lessee_n for_o year_n be_v que_fw-fr at_o h_v his_o interest_n to_o a._n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o year_n to_o b._n in_o case_n a._n die_v before_o the_o term_n expire_v a._n be_v in_o possession_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o devise_n and_o not_o long_o after_o alien_n his_o right_a and_o die_v before_o the_o term_n expire_v the_o question_n be_v what_o remedy_n b_o have_v to_o recover_v his_o right_n as_o to_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o year_n unexpired_a and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o he_o be_v without_o remedy_n 41._o remedy_n id._n fol._n 75._o n._n 18._o &_o f._n 140._o n._n 41._o but_o if_o the_o testator_n have_v devise_v so_o many_o year_n of_o the_o lease_n to_o a_o as_o a_o shall_v live_v and_o have_v order_v b._n to_o succeed_v in_o the_o residue_n in_o this_o case_n a._n can_v not_o have_v so_o alienate_v the_o term_n but_o that_o b._n shall_v have_v succeed_v in_o the_o remainder_n unexpired_a 52._o unexpired_a dyer_n fol._n 358._o n._n 50_o 51._o &_o foe_fw-mi 359._o n._n 52._o 27._o disseisee_fw-mi recover_v against_o the_o disseisor_n the_o disseisee_fw-mi may_v devise_v the_o corn_n sow_o but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v sever_v from_o the_o ground_n the_o disseisor_n may_v take_v it_o away_o or_o devise_v it_o 519._o it_o perk._n 519._o yet_o he_o shall_v pay_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi damage_n 1._o damage_n 6._o ed._n 1._o c._n 1._o 28._o a_o testator_n can_v neither_o devise_v action_n if_o they_o be_v not_o judgement_n nor_o instrument_n of_o action_n 31._o action_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o a._n 28._o n._n 2._o &_o l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 10._o n._n 3._o fulb._n fol._n 30_o 31._o but_o he_o may_v that_o which_o be_v due_a upon_o action_n yet_o be_v this_o devise_v conditional_a namely_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v pay_v or_o recover_v by_o the_o executor_n 527._o executor_n perk._n 527._o 29._o our_o law_n respect_v principal_o as_o do_v the_o civil_a law_n and_o reason_n likewise_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n 343._o testator_n cook_n l._n 3._o bullers_n case_n foe_z 27._o fulb._n fol._n 46._o blow_n 343._o if_o not_o contrary_a to_o law_n if_o therefore_o a_o man_n have_v both_o a_o son_n and_o daughter_n live_v devise_v his_o land_n to_o his_o daughter_n although_o the_o son_n be_v more_o worthy_a yet_o the_o daughter_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n devise_n land_n new_a term_n v._o devise_n if_o he_o add_v and_o annex_v a_o condition_n to_o the_o devise_n which_o be_v neither_o impossible_a in_o nature_n or_o law_n this_o shall_v suspend_v the_o devise_n until_o it_o be_v perform_v 13._o perform_v brit._n c._n 36._o perk._n 570._o brac_n l._n 2._o c._n 6._o n._n 1_o 2_o 3._o swinb_n part_n 4._o sect._n 13._o and_o this_o be_v so_o far_o true_a that_o sometime_o word_n be_v extend_v beyond_o their_o natural_a intent_n tit_n intent_n see_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o tit_n and_o sometime_o for_o cause_n restrain_v 540._o restrain_v fulb._n 41._o plâ—w_n 540._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o conjecture_v will_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o testator_n 30._o a._n devise_v land_n to_o b._n conditional_o that_o he_o pay_v so_o much_o money_n although_o by_o force_n of_o word_n b._n have_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n only_o yet_o the_o law_n adjudge_v he_o to_o have_v a_o fee-simple_n 555._o fee-simple_n brac._n test_n 18._o perk._n 555._o for_o otherwise_o if_o b._n shall_v die_v in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o may_v receive_v more_o prejudice_n than_o profit_n by_o the_o devise_n 31._o a._n devise_v all_o his_o land_n and_o tenement_n to_o b._n b._n shall_v not_o only_o have_v all_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n which_o a._n have_v in_o possession_n but_o the_o reversion_n likewise_o devise_n likewise_o term_n v._o devise_n 32._o if_o land_n be_v bequeath_v to_o one_o to_o have_v any_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o for_o ever_o or_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v for_o he_o and_o his_o assign_v for_o ever_o in_o both_o case_n the_o devisee_fw-mi have_v a_o estate_n in_o fee-simple_n
although_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o heir_n ib._n heir_n id._n ib._n which_o notwithstanding_o some_o affirm_v joint_o 557._o joint_o perk._n 557._o 33._o if_o a_o man_n bequeath_v land_n to_o another_o in_o these_o word_n i_o give_v my_o land_n to_o a._n to_o give_v they_o or_o sell_v or_o dispose_v of_o they_o at_o his_o discretion_n this_o be_v a_o fee-simple_n ib._n fee-simple_n term_n ib._n 34._o a_o testator_n bequeathe_v land_n to_o a._n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n a._n have_v issue_n only_o a_o daughter_n and_o of_o her_o a_o grandson_n in_o this_o case_n the_o grandson_n shall_v succeed_v in_o the_o land_n by_o force_n of_o the_o devise_n rather_o than_o the_o devise_n shall_v remain_v ineffectual_a notwithstanding_o that_o in_o other_o donation_n it_o be_v otherwise_o ib._n otherwise_o id._n ib._n 35._o if_o i_o devil_n land_n to_o my_o son_n after_o the_o death_n of_o my_o wife_n although_o i_o do_v not_o express_o give_v it_o to_o my_o wife_n yet_o our_o law_n help_v she_o by_o a_o favourable_a construction_n 17._o construction_n id._n ib._n pl._n 414._o bro._n exec._n 175._o 13._o h._n 7._o fol._n 17._o 36._o i_o devise_v a_o fee-simple_n to_o a._n for_o a_o 100_o year_n upon_o this_o condition_n if_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v ten_o pound_n yearly_o to_o b._n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o say_a land_n to_o c._n and_o his_o heir_n in_o this_o case_n although_o a._n shall_v break_v his_o condition_n yet_o the_o remainder_n as_o to_o c._n be_v not_o hurt_v although_o the_o law_n be_v contrary_a in_o contract_n make_v among_o those_o who_o be_v live_v 569._o live_v perk._n 504._o 565_o 566_o 567_o 568_o 569._o 37._o a_o man_n devise_v all_o his_o land_n to_o a._n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o give_v a_o 100_o pound_n and_o in_o case_n the_o condition_n be_v infringe_v then_o to_o his_o own_o family_n in_o this_o case_n our_o law_n determine_v this_o devise_n to_o belong_v to_o he_o who_o be_v next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o testator_n by_o blood_n 46._o blood_n fulb._n 46._o 38._o a_o man_n devise_v to_o another_o all_o the_o grain_n which_o he_o have_v in_o such_o a_o barn_n and_o after_o the_o will_n be_v make_v he_o put_v more_o grain_n into_o the_o say_a barn_n in_o this_o case_n the_o generality_n of_o the_o word_n be_v restrain_v to_o that_o which_o be_v there_o at_o the_o time_n when_o he_o make_v his_o will_n for_o that_o the_o law_n presume_v the_o testator_n to_o have_v mean_v only_o of_o that_o 341._o that_o id._n fol._n 41._o blow_n 341._o 39_o a._n after_o many_o legacy_n in_o his_o will_n devise_v the_o remainder_n and_o residue_n of_o all_o his_o good_n to_o his_o wife_n e._n in_o these_o word_n the_o residue_n of_o all_o my_o good_n i_o bequeath_v unto_o my_o dear_a wife_n e._n who_o also_o i_o do_v ordain_v full_a and_o sole_a executrix_n of_o this_o my_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n to_o be_v dispose_v of_o by_o she_o for_o the_o good_a of_o my_o soul_n and_o the_o payment_n of_o my_o debt_n e._n take_v upon_o she_o the_o office_n of_o execution_n and_o pay_v all_o debt_n and_o legacy_n afterward_o she_o entermarry_v with_o b._n who_o get_v possession_n of_o the_o say_a good_n have_v make_v his_o will_n and_o ordain_v his_o executor_n die_v before_o e._n here_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o good_n which_o e._n bring_v to_o her_o second_o husband_n shall_v revert_v to_o she_o or_o whether_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o b._n and_o it_o be_v determine_v that_o they_o shall_v revert_v to_o e._n because_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o good_n be_v destine_v to_o certain_a use_n and_o not_o leave_v to_o her_o dispose_n 21._o dispose_n dyer_n fol._n 331._o n._n 21._o 40._o a._n be_v possess_v to_o the_o value_n of_o 100_o pound_n and_o indebt_v 20._o pound_n divide_v his_o estate_n by_o his_o will_n one_o moiety_n to_o b._n his_o wife_n the_o other_o moiety_n to_o his_o executor_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o b._n shall_v have_v 50_o pound_n or_o 40_o pound_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o may_v claim_v 50._o pound_n but_o if_o the_o executor_n have_v alien_v any_o of_o the_o good_n in_o specie_fw-la that_o then_o she_o can_v not_o challenge_v any_o of_o those_o which_o be_v alienate_v because_o they_o be_v alienate_v 57_o alienate_v dyer_n fol._n 164._o n._n 57_o 41._o devise_n and_o legacy_n be_v to_o be_v sue_v for_o in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n 7._o court_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 7._o yet_o some_o restrain_v this_o assertion_n only_o to_o chattel_n real_a and_o personal_a 570._o personal_a perk._n 570._o for_o that_o the_o ordinary_n can_v take_v cognisance_n of_o fee_n or_o freehold_a 579._o freehold_a id._n 576_o 577_o 578_o 579._o devise_v but_o a_o prohibition_n will_v lie_v if_o any_o judge_n of_o any_o spiritual_a court_n shall_v cyte_v one_o before_o he_o in_o case_n of_o such_o a_o devise_n as_o intrench_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n 55._o law_n dr._n &_o stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 55._o of_o the_o take_n away_o or_o translate_n devise_n tit._n xxi_o whereas_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la null_n the_o will_n for_o default_n of_o a_o heir_n codillorum_fw-la heir_n l._n 10._o â—_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la codillorum_fw-la we_o do_v not_o present_o suffer_v devise_n to_o become_v void_a for_o want_v of_o a_o executor_n or_o for_o default_n of_o a_o executor_n undertake_v the_o office_n but_o appoint_v administration_n of_o the_o good_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o another_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o ordinary_a who_o oblige_v the_o administrator_n to_o the_o payment_n of_o legacy_n at_o least_o as_o far_o as_o the_o estate_n will_v reach_v executor_n reach_v bro._n executor_n 1._o land_n tenement_n and_o other_o hereditament_n whatsoever_o devise_v by_o a_o testator_n if_o they_o shall_v happen_v afterward_o to_o be_v alienate_v by_o he_o and_o be_v again_o redeem_v they_o be_v equal_o due_a to_o the_o legaree_n as_o if_o they_o have_v never_o be_v alienate_v 8._o alienate_v id._n devise_v 8._o of_o that_o law_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v lex_fw-la falcidia_fw-la tit._n xxii_o the_o first_o duty_n of_o a_o executor_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n be_v to_o satisfy_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o consider_v what_o antiquity_n have_v adjudge_v in_o these_o case_n if_o there_o be_v debt_n owe_v to_o many_o say_v bracton_n 57_o bracton_n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 5._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 57_o one_o may_v be_v prefer_v before_o another_o the_o king_n be_v first_o and_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o sheriff_n or_o any_o of_o the_o king_n bailiff_n show_v the_o king_n letter_n patent_n de_fw-fr summonitionibus_fw-la scaccarij_fw-la to_o take_v a_o inventory_n of_o such_o good_n and_o chattel_n as_o they_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o lay-fee_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v and_o to_o attach_v they_o to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o debt_n which_o be_v come_v unto_o the_o k._n per_fw-la visum_fw-la legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la as_o we_o call_v it_o so_o that_o nothing_o be_v remove_v or_o take_v thence_o until_o such_o a_o debt_n as_o shall_v appear_v due_a be_v pay_v and_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o chattel_n to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o executor_n to_o the_o acquit_v of_o which_o debt_n or_o any_o other_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v be_v not_o to_o contribute_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o her_o jointure_n for_o that_o the_o wife_n jointure_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a a._n free_a f._n n._n b._n foe_n 151_o a._n which_o hold_v true_a except_o where_o the_o husband_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o king_n before_o the_o title_n of_o jointure_n in_o the_o second_o place_n be_v to_o be_v deduct_v debt_n due_a to_o other_o such_o as_o be_v clear_a and_o acknowledge_v among_o which_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v service_n and_o servant_n wage_n provide_v they_o be_v certain_a but_o if_o they_o be_v incertain_a although_o they_o depend_v upon_o courtesy_n yet_o if_o their_o stipend_n shall_v be_v set_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n or_o his_o friend_n they_o shall_v be_v deduct_v out_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a so_o shall_v funeral_n charges_n the_o wife_n also_o shall_v have_v her_o necessary_n even_o her_o lodging_n in_o her_o husband_n chief_a mansion_n house_n for_o 40._o day_n unless_o her_o dower_n be_v soon_o assign_v 1._o but_o that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v may_v the_o better_o appear_v the_o executor_n or_o administrator_n with_o the_o privity_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o two_o at_o the_o least_o of_o the_o creditor_n or_o legatee_n or_o if_o they_o refuse_v than_o two_o of_o the_o next_o of_o kinne_n provide_v they_o be_v unconcern_v of_o the_o decease_a or_o
seize_v either_o in_o his_o life_n time_n or_o at_o his_o death_n namely_o upon_o the_o day_n on_o which_o he_o die_v and_o if_o the_o right_n descend_v to_o more_o heir_n successive_o and_o without_o seisin_n yet_o the_o heir_n have_v the_o same_o seisin_n appertain_v to_o he_o as_o the_o ancestor_n have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o life_n or_o at_o his_o death_n and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o participation_n or_o meeting_n of_o propriety_n with_o the_o seisin_n the_o heir_n have_v immediate_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la a_o freehold_n 1._o freehold_n glan_n and._n bract._n ib._n 25._o e._n 3._o stat._n 2._o and_o 42._o e._n 3._o c._n 10._o flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o 3._o our_o author_n do_v not_o make_v in_o the_o case_n of_o heir_n a_o like_a division_n some_o distinguish_v they_o into_o never_o and_o more_o remote_a 3_o remote_a glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 3_o and_o some_o into_o near_a and_o more_o near_o remote_a and_o more_o remote_a 2._o remote_a bract._n l._n 20._o c._n 30._o n._n 1_o brit._n c._n 118._o flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o and_o 2._o 4._o if_o one_o have_v many_o son_n they_o be_v all_o near_a heir_n those_o that_o be_v last_o bear_v and_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v before_o they_o ib._n they_o bract._n ib._n and_o so_o be_v daughter_n when_o son_n fail_v ib._n fail_v glan_n ib._n the_o next_o heir_n be_v he_o who_o be_v bear_v first_o ib._n first_o bract._n ib._n unless_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n hinder_v ib._n hinder_v glan_n ib._n or_o that_o he_o be_v a_o stranger_n and_o the_o young_a brother_n a_o denizen_n 20._o denizen_n dr._n and_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o and_o c._n 20._o 6._o a_o heir_n remote_a be_v where_o one_o have_v many_o son_n and_o daughter_n the_o son_n be_v near_a heir_n and_o the_o daughter_n remote_a this_o hold_v always_o for_o a_o rule_n that_o the_o male_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o the_o female_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n 3._o degree_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 30._o n._n 3._o 7._o if_o there_o be_v many_o son_n and_o no_o daughter_n but_o grandson_n the_o son_n shall_v be_v near_a heir_n and_o the_o grandson_n remote_a ib._n remote_a id._n ib._n if_o there_o be_v many_o daughter_n and_o no_o son_n they_o shall_v be_v all_o next_o heir_n ib._n heir_n glan_n ib._n 8._o so_o may_v they_o be_v term_v more_o remote_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o inheritance_n be_v more_o remote_a as_o the_o lineal_a nephew_n or_o neices_n son_n his_o grandson_n his_o great_a grandson_n his_o great_a great_a grandson_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o direct_a line_n or_o if_o there_o want_v of_o that_o line_n then_o in_o the_o transverse_n ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la 20._o infinitum_fw-la bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 20._o 9_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o england_n that_o the_o elder_a son_n shall_v succeed_v as_o heir_n to_o his_o father_n but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o son_n but_o daughter_n then_o all_o the_o daughter_n shall_v be_v coheir_n 1._o coheir_n dr._n and._n stu._n ib._n glan_n ib._n flc._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o which_o be_v also_o true_a in_o nephew_n &_o their_o child_n where_o male_n be_v want_v 10._o and_o this_o be_v always_o a_o maxim_n that_o a_o fee-simple_n can_v never_o ascend_v from_o a_o son_n â—o_o a_o father_n or_o mother_n or_o any_o other_o ancestor_n â—n_o a_o direct_a line_n 119._o line_n coo._n l._n 3._o foe_n 40._o ratlife_n case_n dr._n and._n stu._n ib._n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 29._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o brit._n c._n 119._o nor_o can_v any_o one_o in_o a_o transverse_a line_n succeed_v so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v a_o heir_n to_o who_o it_o may_v descend_v in_o the_o direct_a 2._o direct_a bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 31._o n._n 1._o flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 2._o 11._o that_o issue_n which_o be_v bear_v before_o marriage_n be_v by_o our_o law_n a_o bastard_n nor_o can_v it_o succeed_v in_o a_o inheritance_n nor_o can_v a_o bastard_n have_v any_o heir_n save_v of_o his_o own_o body_n 50._o body_n dr._n and_o stu._n ib._n 20._o h._n 3._o c._n 4._o perk._n 49._o 50._o 12._o chattel_n neither_o personal_a nor_o real_a come_v unto_o the_o heir_n but_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o executor_n or_o from_o a_o intestate_a to_o the_o ordinary_a and_o from_o he_o to_o the_o administrator_n who_o he_o shall_v appoint_v 48._o appoint_v glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 16._o perk._n 48._o or_o if_o no_o body_n will_v administer_v than_o ought_v the_o ordinary_a to_o sequester_v they_o upon_o his_o own_o peril_n 57_o peril_n 13._o e._n 1._o c._n 19_o 31._o e._n 3._o c._n 1â—_n 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 57_o dier_n foe_fw-mi 277._o n._n 57_o 13._o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n be_v in_o stead_n of_o heir_n when_o either_o through_o defect_n or_o in_o case_n of_o felony_n the_o blood_n be_v extinguish_v 1._o extinguish_v flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o yet_o at_o this_o day_n this_o be_v not_o without_o distinction_n of_o the_o legal_a succession_n on_o the_o father_n side_n tit._n ii_o in_o the_o transverse_n or_o collateral_a line_n the_o rule_n be_v that_o those_o be_v heir_n who_o partake_v of_o the_o whole_a blood_n with_o the_o party_n decease_v for_o example_n a._n have_v issue_n b._n a_o son_n and_o c._n a_o daughter_n by_o one_o venture_n and_o d._n a_o son_n by_o a_o second_o venture_n and_o die_v b._n succeed_v he_o and_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o this_o case_n c._n the_o sister_n shall_v succeed_v and_o not_o d._n 1._o d._n lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o brit._n c._n 119._o n._n 7._o flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o 1._o so_o also_o a._n have_v a_o brother_n b._n and_o two_o son_n viz._n c._n by_o one_o venture_n and_o d._n by_o another_o die_v to_o who_o c._n succeed_v and_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o this_o case_n b._n the_o uncle_n who_o be_v of_o whole-blood_n shall_v succeed_v and_o not_o d._n the_o brother_n 40._o brother_n lit._n ib._n coo._n l._n 3._o rat._n case_n foe_n 40._o but_o if_o b._n die_v without_o issue_n then_o d._n shall_v succeed_v be_v of_o entire_a blood_n with_o he_o both_o by_o the_o grandfather_n side_n and_o grandmother_n and_o therefore_o if_o b._n have_v not_o be_v brother_n to_o a._n both_o by_o father_n side_n and_o mother_n side_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v otherwise_o 2._o the_o collateral_a line_n be_v double_a one_o descend_v by_o the_o brother_n to_o his_o child_n the_o other_o ascend_v by_o the_o uncle_n but_o none_o succeed_v on_o the_o ascend_a line_n but_o for_o default_n of_o heir_n on_o the_o descend_v 119._o descend_v bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 30._o n._n 1._o brit._n c._n 119._o 3._o he_o be_v heir_n in_o the_o collateral_a descend_a line_n who_o be_v near_a in_o degree_n and_o if_o this_o line_n fail_v than_o he_o who_o be_v next_o to_o the_o party_n decease_v in_o the_o ascend_a collateral_a line_n 2._o line_n bract._n ib._n flc._n l._n 6._o c._n 2._o 4._o if_o there_o be_v two_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n and_o both_o male_n the_o elder_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v but_o if_o they_o be_v male_a and_o female_a the_o male_a be_v heir_n as_o in_o the_o direct_a and_o right_a line_n 7._o line_n brit_n ib._n n._n 1._o 2._o and_o 7._o 5._o where_o a_o estate_n come_v by_o the_o mother_n side_n there_o the_o son_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o next_o of_o kin_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n be_v heir_n and_o not_o the_o brother_n of_o the_o father_n ib._n father_n id._n ib._n but_o where_o the_o son_n purchase_v a_o estate_n with_o his_o own_o money_n and_o die_v without_o issue_n there_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n on_o the_o father_n side_n shall_v succeed_v and_o not_o on_o the_o mother_n side_n unless_o for_o defect_n of_o heir_n on_o the_o father_n side_n 39_o side_n lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o coo._n l._n 3._o rat._n case_n foe_fw-mi 39_o but_o the_o heir_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n shall_v succeed_v rather_o than_o the_o land_n shall_v escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n 444._o lord_n blow_n 444._o 6._o a._n have_v two_o son_n b._n and_o c._n b._n in_o his_o father_n life_n time_n commit_v felony_n and_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n after_o which_o a._n die_v the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o fee_n whereof_o a._n die_v seize_v shall_v escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n or_o descend_v to_o c._n the_o second_o son_n and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o b._n die_v without_o issue_n for_o than_o it_o descend_v to_o c._n otherwise_o it_o shall_v escheat_n 15._o escheat_n dier_n foe_fw-mi 48._o n._n 15._o but_o if_o b._n have_v be_v condemn_v live_v his_o father_n and_o survive_v he_o in_o this_o case_n notwithstanding_o his_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o estate_n shall_v have_v escheat_v and_o not_o descend_v to_o c._n 110._o c._n
other_o ornament_n or_o ox_n either_o give_v or_o promise_v hire_n such_o a_o care_n be_v require_v of_o he_o as_o a_o diligent_a master_n of_o a_o family_n will_v have_v which_o be_v have_v if_o the_o thing_n by_o accident_n happen_v to_o be_v lose_v he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v restitution_n unless_o it_o be_v agree_v otherwise_o nor_o be_v it_o sufficient_a that_o he_o have_v such_o a_o care_n of_o they_o as_o of_o his_o own_o good_n 59_o good_n brac._n ib._n dr._n &_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 23._o l._n 2._o 6._o 4._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 59_o 5._o let_v of_o land_n and_o immovables_n be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a occasion_n of_o suit_n of_o all_o other_o wherefore_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o this_o place_n of_o these_o particular_n every_o one_o may_v make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n who_o hold_v they_o in_o fee_n whether_o he_o have_v fee-simple_n or_o fee-tail_n and_o whether_o he_o be_v possess_v in_o his_o own_o right_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wise_a or_o of_o a_o church_n 28._o church_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 28._o which_o be_v also_o true_a in_o those_o who_o hold_v as_o partner_n 3_o partner_n lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 3_o so_o also_o cestuy_n qui_fw-fr use_n 5._o use_n id._n ib._n c._n 5._o a_o body_n politic_a may_v make_v a_o lease_n but_o not_o without_o writing_n 42._o writing_n bro._n lease_n 32._o 42._o as_o also_o he_o who_o have_v a_o freehold_n 4._o freehold_n id._n ib._n 4._o or_o a_o lease_n provide_v he_o exceed_v not_o his_o term_n and_o guardian_n until_o their_o pupil_n and_o ward_n come_v to_o age_n 6._o he_o that_o have_v a_o fee-simple_n in_o his_o own_o right_n may_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o as_o many_o year_n as_o he_o please_v provide_v it_o be_v not_o to_o a_o body_n politic_a lest_o by_o exceed_v it_o seem_v a_o demise_n in_o mortmain_n 47._o mortmain_n bro._n ib._n 47._o he_o who_o have_v a_o fee-tail_n in_o his_o own_o or_o fee-simple_n in_o another_o right_n viz._n either_o in_o the_o right_n of_o a_o church_n or_o of_o his_o wife_n be_v tie_v a_o little_a more_o strict_o for_o that_o they_o can_v lease_v land_n by_o a_o new_a lease_n which_o be_v already_o let_v for_o above_o the_o term_n of_o a_o year_n nor_o any_o which_o be_v not_o usual_o wont_a to_o be_v let_v within_o the_o space_n of_o 20._o year_n past_a nor_o those_o for_o a_o less_o rent_n than_o they_o former_o be_v let_v for_o or_o for_o a_o long_a term_n than_o 21._o year_n or_o three_o life_n and_o that_o without_o permission_n of_o waste_n to_o these_o also_o may_v be_v add_v that_o he_o who_o have_v a_o fee_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n may_v let_v it_o joint_o with_o his_o wife_n but_o have_v no_o power_n to_o alienate_v the_o rent_n but_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o his_o wife_n after_o her_o decease_n 28._o decease_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 28._o 7._o archbishop_n &_o bishop_n can_v let_v the_o land_n of_o their_o church_n for_o above_o 21._o year_n or_o 3._o life_n to_o be_v account_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lease_n nor_o for_o less_o rent_n than_o it_o former_o go_v for_o nor_o for_o less_o than_o former_o it_o use_v to_o be_v let_v for_o 65._o for_o 1_o eliz._n not_o print_v dyer_n foe_n 145._o n._n 65._o 8._o master_n and_o fellow_n of_o college_n dean_n and_o chapter_n warden_n of_o hospital_n and_o all_o ecclesiastical_a person_n be_v prohibt_v 10._o prohibt_v 13._o eliz._n c._n 10._o to_o let_v their_o church_n or_o college_n land_n for_o more_o than_o 3._o life_n or_o 21._o year_n to_o be_v account_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lease_n nor_o this_o without_o their_o private_a statute_n permit_v nor_o so_o unless_o the_o lease_n which_o be_v on_o foot_n if_o there_o be_v any_o be_v within_o three_o year_n of_o expire_a 11._o expire_a 18._o eliz._n c._n 11._o beside_o the_o college_n of_o both_o university_n as_o of_o eton_n and_o winchester_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v the_o three_o part_n of_o their_o rent_n in_o corn_n 11._o corn_n 14._o eliz._n c._n 11._o yet_o be_v they_o not_o prohibit_v from_o let_v free_o those_o house_n which_o they_o have_v in_o any_o city_n burrough_n town_n corporate_a or_o public_a market_n town_n with_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o they_o provide_v they_o exceed_v not_o ten_o acre_n according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n if_o it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o private_a statute_n of_o their_o college_n ib._n college_n id._n ib._n 9_o it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n question_v whether_o a_o prebendary_a of_o a_o cathedral_n church_n may_v lawful_o let_v part_n of_o his_o prebendary_a procure_v the_o say_a lease_n to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n without_o any_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n the_o bishop_n be_v both_o patron_n and_o ordinary_a of_o every_o prebendary_a but_o continual_a and_o daily_a custom_n have_v render_v his_o consent_n unnecessary_a and_o useless_a 30._o useless_a dyâ—r_n fol._n 61._o n._n 30._o 10._o those_o who_o have_v benefice_n can_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o any_o time_n long_o than_o they_o reside_v there_o the_o liberty_n of_o be_v absent_a 80._o day_n every_o year_n be_v always_o permit_v they_o unless_o by_o the_o law_n they_o be_v permit_v to_o have_v two_o in_o which_o case_n in_o regard_n he_o can_v possible_o continual_o reside_v at_o both_o he_o may_v let_v one_o to_o his_o curate_n 20._o curate_n 13._o eliz._n c._n 20._o 11._o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v often_o let_v for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lessee_n 6._o lessee_n lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o or_o another_o life_n ib._n life_n id._n ib._n or_o for_o more_o life_n ib._n life_n id._n ib._n or_o for_o term_n of_o year_n ib._n year_n id._n ib._n or_o last_o for_o a_o life_n and_o afterward_o that_o be_v expire_v for_o a_o term_n of_o year_n 51._o year_n bro._n lea_n 51._o and_o that_o either_o by_o writing_n or_o without_o ib._n without_o littl._n ib._n nor_o by_o indenture_n only_o but_o by_o deed-pol_n 148_o deed-pol_n f_o n_o b_o 148_o 12._o but_o if_o any_o one_o let_v his_o land_n by_o writing_n or_o without_o not_o mention_v any_o term_n but_o give_v the_o lessee_n possession_n he_o be_v presume_v to_o let_v they_o for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lessee_n 152._o lessee_n lit._n l._n 2_o c._n l_o blow_n 152._o 13._o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o give_v possession_n to_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n for_o he_o may_v enter_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o lease_n unless_o beside_o the_o lease_n there_o be_v a_o grant_n of_o a_o remainder_n to_o another_o for_o life_n or_o in_o fee_n in_o the_o same_o deed_n 7._o deed_n lit._n l._n 1_o c._n 7._o for_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n for_o year_n though_o he_o be_v lessee_n before_o yet_o he_o do_v right_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o say_a land_n by_o this_o mean_n ib_fw-la mean_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la 14._o lessor_n be_v bind_v to_o warranty_n to_o the_o lessee_n for_o the_o lessee_n be_v eject_v before_o the_o term_n end_v may_v have_v his_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o the_o lessor_n 8_o lessor_n f_o n_n b_o foe_o 145_o m_n dier_n 328_o n_o 8_o and_o that_o whether_o he_o be_v disseise_v by_o the_o lessor_n himself_o or_o by_o a_o more_o ancient_a title_n nor_o only_o he_o but_o his_o assignee_n ib_o assignee_n id._n ib_o 15._o but_o if_o a_o three_o person_n eject_v he_o against_o right_n he_o shall_v recover_v damage_n against_o the_o ejector_n ib_fw-la ejector_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la unless_o the_o lessor_n agree_v by_o indenture_n that_o in_o case_n the_o lessee_n be_v eject_v he_o shall_v have_v his_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o he_o id_fw-la he_o id_fw-la id_fw-la 16._o lessee_n for_o life_n by_o indenture_n in_o regard_n he_o have_v a_o freehold_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o the_o lessor_n in_o case_n he_o eject_v he_o before_o his_o term_n end_v but_o a_o assize_n ib._n assize_n id._n ib._n 17._o where_o a_o lease_n be_v but_o for_o a_o year_n and_o so_o from_o year_n to_o year_n the_o lessor_n can_v eject_v the_o lessee_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n nor_o can_v the_o lessee_n go_v out_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lessor_n for_o whosoever_o of_o they_o will_v recede_v from_o the_o agreement_n aught_o to_o give_v the_o other_o warning_n 22._o warning_n bro._n lease_n 13._o 22._o 18._o lessor_n can_v remove_v his_o tenant_n at_o will_n so_o as_o to_o hinder_v he_o from_o take_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o seed_n or_o corn_n sow_v or_o without_o grant_v he_o convenient_a time_n to_o remove_v his_o household_n stuff_n because_o the_o time_n be_v well_o enough_o force-seen_a and_o know_v to_o he_o ib._n
as_o it_o be_v swallow_v up_o nor_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v reassume_v by_o the_o wife_n survive_v but_o her_o woman_n apparel_n and_o so_o of_o imoveable_n and_o real_n if_o allen_v by_o the_o husband_n in_o his_o life_n time_n but_o for_o those_o which_o be_v not_o alienate_v he_o be_v dead_a they_o shall_v return_v to_o the_o wife_n 4â—9_n wife_n blow_n 418._o 4â—9_n but_o if_o a_o wife_n be_v executrix_n or_o administratrix_fw-la to_o a_o former_a husband_n marry_v a_o second_o and_o survive_v he_o she_o shall_v have_v all_o those_o good_n both_o personal_a and_o and_z real_a which_o she_o bring_v unto_o he_o as_o possess_v of_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o relation_n and_o office_n and_o which_o be_v not_o alienate_v by_o her_o second_o husband_n restore_v unto_o she_o without_o diminution_n 7._o diminution_n vid._n infra_fw-la do_fw-mi 11._o par_fw-fr 7._o the_o other_o consequence_n of_o marriage_n be_v that_o lawful_a or_o reasonable_a dower_n under_o which_o notion_n she_o shall_v have_v the_o three_o part_n of_o all_o such_o land_n and_o tenement_n which_o her_o husband_n be_v seize_v of_o in_o fee_n for_o her_o life_n 140._o life_n flet._n l._n 5._o c._n 22._o &_o 27._o an._n 3._o &_o 6_o id._n 6._o in_o provis_fw-la dyer_n 140._o but_o in_o case_n the_o husband_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n or_o felony_n there_o the_o wife_n shall_v loose_v her_o dower_n 12._o dower_n 1_o jac._n ses_fw-fr 1._o c._n 11._o &_o 12._o of_o adoption_n tit._n xi_o 5._o xi_o bract._n l._n 2d_o c._n 29._o n._n 4_o 5._o bracton_n in_o the_o place_n before_o mention_v call_v silence_n and_o patience_n in_o the_o case_n of_o adulterate_a issue_n adoption_n which_o create_v such_o child_n be_v in_o our_o power_n free_a and_o legitimate_a i_o have_v also_o hear_v of_o that_o kind_n of_o adoption_n among_o we_o which_o the_o roman_n use_v but_o this_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v by_o private_a will_n and_o agreement_n of_o the_o person_n adopt_v and_o adopt_a then_o by_o any_o law_n for_o this_o be_v at_o our_o own_o election_n that_o we_o may_v give_v land_n purchase_v by_o ourselves_o or_o which_o we_o have_v by_o descent_n unless_o they_o be_v give_v conditional_o or_o as_o we_o term_v it_o by_o entail_v to_o whosoever_o we_o please_v whether_o to_o one_o of_o our_o kindred_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o a_o stranger_n without_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o those_o child_n which_o we_o have_v whence_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o custom_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v of_o adoption_n be_v either_o never_o receive_v among_o we_o or_o else_o that_o it_o be_v long_o since_o as_o with_o the_o french_a whole_o extinct_a tit._n extinct_a v._o equinarium_n baronem_fw-la in_o particula_fw-la posteriori_fw-la suorum_fw-la comment_n super_fw-la instit_fw-la hoc_fw-la tit._n how_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v paternal_a jurisdiction_n be_v dissolve_v tit._n xii_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o how_o paternal_a jurisdiction_n be_v occasion_v and_o constitute_v now_o we_o be_v to_o declare_v how_o it_o be_v dissolve_v and_o take_v away_o and_o we_o must_v know_v that_o this_o be_v do_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n by_o natural_a death_n by_o civil_a death_n and_o by_o dignity_n or_o honour_n for_o if_o the_o father_n in_o who_o power_n the_o son_n be_v die_v the_o son_n remain_v at_o his_o own_o dispose_n although_o sometime_o in_o the_o custody_n of_o a_o lord_n or_o the_o care_n of_o friend_n or_o parent_n but_o the_o grandfather_n on_o the_o father_n side_n be_v dead_a the_o grandchild_n be_v not_o in_o their_o own_o power_n but_o remain_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o father_n if_o he_o survive_v the_o grandfather_n and_o do_v not_o at_o all_o go_v out_o of_o his_o power_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o emancipation_n or_o dignity_n 7._o dignity_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o 1._o so_o by_o a_o civil_a death_n as_o in_o case_n the_o father_n be_v condemn_v for_o felony_n commit_v or_o exile_v but_o if_o he_o be_v banish_v but_o for_o a_o time_n he_o shall_v retain_v his_o child_n under_o his_o power_n because_o whatever_o be_v he_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v at_o his_o come_n back_o ibid._n back_o id._n ibid._n 2._o paternal_a jurisdiction_n be_v dissolve_v also_o by_o emancipation_n as_o if_o a_o man_n discharge_v his_o son_n from_o his_o family_n with_o any_o part_n of_o his_o inheritance_n as_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o former_a time_n eod_a time_n id._n eod_a for_o this_o kind_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o civil_a death_n of_o the_o son_n as_o be_v the_o entrance_n into_o religion_n 17_o religion_n 4_o h._n 4._o c._n 17_o 3._o this_o power_n be_v dissolve_v also_o by_o dignity_n as_o in_o a_o case_n the_o son_n be_v make_v a_o bishop_n supra_fw-la bishop_n bract._n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la 4._o but_o as_o this_o bond_n of_o paternal_a power_n be_v not_o so_o strict_a with_o we_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o roman_n so_o neither_o be_v the_o release_n of_o it_o by_o emancipation_n so_o usual_a for_o i_o find_v nothing_o in_o our_o law_n which_o hinder_v a_o son_n or_o daughter_n from_o dispose_v of_o themselves_o even_o against_o their_o father_n consent_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o they_o may_v then_o enter_v marriage_n or_o contract_n with_o any_o one_o and_o be_v no_o less_o oblige_v by_o a_o contract_n then_o â—f_o they_o be_v threescore_o for_o this_o age_n with_o we_o be_v perfect_a and_o full_a maturity_n 4._o maturity_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o n._n 2._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o of_o wardship_n tit._n xiii_o of_o those_o which_o be_v under_o the_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o other_o there_o be_v some_o which_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n or_o protection_n of_o lord_n some_o be_v under_o the_o care_n of_o parent_n and_o friend_n and_o some_o be_v not_o oblige_v by_o either_o as_o those_o which_o be_v at_o full_a age_n 2._o age_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o num_fw-la 2._o 1._o the_o word_n protection_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a with_o we_o as_o custody_n for_o as_o we_o have_v many_o species_n of_o law_n from_o the_o norman_n so_o have_v we_o word_n also_o now_o they_o call_v he_o 〈◊〉_d guardian_n which_o the_o roman_n term_v tutor_n or_o which_o be_v rather_o mean_v and_o comprehend_v under_o their_o appellation_n of_o tutor_n and_o curator_n together_o in_o which_o we_o imitate_v they_o in_o call_v they_o guardian_n 2._o these_o guardian_n be_v appoint_v sometime_o by_o the_o father_n will_n sometime_o by_o the_o law_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o magistrate_n foâ—_n where_o the_o father_n have_v only_o a_o estate_n of_o money_n or_o chattel_n to_o leave_v to_o those_o child_n which_o be_v under_o age_n be_v in_o his_o power_n he_o may_v commit_v the_o care_n and_o government_n 〈◊〉_d they_o together_o with_o the_o legacy_n to_o any_o 〈◊〉_d his_o friend_n 38._o friend_n cook_n l._n 3._o case_n ratcl_n f._n 37_o 38._o he_o also_o have_v the_o like_a power_n with_o a_o father_n who_o shall_v infeost_fw-la a_o infant_n iâ—_n law_n for_o he_o may_v commit_v the_o custody_n 〈◊〉_d he_o according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n to_o who_o 〈◊〉_d please_v â—_o please_v flet._n l._n 1._o c._n â—_o and_o what_o be_v here_o mention_v of_o child_n bear_v may_v be_v understand_v of_o post_fw-la humi_fw-la who_o they_o be_v that_o by_o testament_n may_v appear_v guardian_n tit._n xiiii_o whosoever_o have_v a_o free_a administration_n and_o power_n of_o dispense_n his_o good_n may_v constitute_v a_o guardian_n by_o his_o will_n provide_v he_o be_v of_o perfect_a age_n and_o sound_a memory_n 6._o memory_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 6._o and_o this_o also_o may_v be_v perform_v by_o a_o woman_n 35._o woman_n brit._n c._n 35._o but_o if_o a_o infant_n or_o one_o that_o be_v not_o compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la be_v ordain_v he_o can_v be_v admit_v until_o the_o defect_n be_v remove_v 10._o remove_v swinb_n part_n 3._o sect._n 10._o 1._o a_o man_n may_v constitute_v his_o own_o villain_n or_o native_a guardian_n over_o his_o child_n or_o another_o with_o the_o permission_n of_o his_o lord_n but_o it_o be_v worthy_a consideration_n whether_o a_o villain_n by_o this_o act_n shall_v gain_v his_o liberty_n 5._o liberty_n sus_n de_fw-fr libertinis_fw-la do_fw-mi 5._o 2._o one_o may_v also_o constitute_v his_o apprentice_n 8._o apprentice_n brook_z testament_n 8._o whosoever_o may_v be_v a_o executor_n may_v also_o be_v a_o guardian_n 10._o guardian_n swinb_n part_n 3._o sect._n 10._o of_o the_o lawful_a guardian-ship_n of_o kindred_n tit._n xv._o we_o have_v speak_v already_o of_o guardian_n which_o be_v appoint_v by_o law_n and_o this_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o estate_n in_o fee_n which_o shall_v descend_v to_o infant_n
twelve_o year_n old_a may_v contract_v matrimony_n as_o well_o by_o our_o law_n as_o by_o the_o civil_a 7._o civil_a bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 7._o be_v then_o adjudge_v capable_a of_o a_o husband_n yet_o she_o do_v not_o so_o soon_o come_v to_o maturity_n of_o judgement_n but_o it_o be_v soon_o notwithstanding_o out_o of_o custody_n than_o a_o man_n because_o when_o she_o marry_v she_o do_v but_o alter_v her_o condition_n enter_v under_o a_o new_a power_n of_o a_o husband_n instead_o of_o the_o custody_n of_o her_o guardian_n 2._o guardian_n glan_n l._n 11._o c._n 7._o bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o n._n 2._o 1._o so_o a_o wardship_n may_v expire_v by_o the_o natural_a or_o civil_a death_n 16._o death_n v._o sus_fw-la do_fw-mi 16._o of_o the_o guardian_n which_o be_v that_o which_o we_o term_v the_o maxima_fw-la or_o media_fw-la capitis_fw-la diminutio_fw-la or_o in_o case_n the_o guardian_n shall_v give_v land_n etc._n etc._n to_o his_o ward_n or_o infeoff_v he_o for_o no_o man_n can_v be_v both_o a_o guardian_n and_o feoffor_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n 6._o time_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o n._n 6._o but_o this_o be_v most_o remarkable_a in_o guardian_n which_o be_v so_o by_o reason_n of_o knight_n service_n that_o they_o may_v either_o assign_v the_o custody_n of_o their_o ward_n to_o another_o or_o bequeath_v they_o among_o their_o other_o chattel_n by_o common_a custom_n to_o their_o executor_n 2_o the_o lord_n lose_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o body_n of_o his_o ward_n when_o ever_o he_o give_v he_o or_o she_o in_o matrimony_n so_o that_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v the_o ward_n be_v under_o age_n to_o become_v single_a the_o second_o time_n he_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n recover_v he_o into_o his_o custody_n 4_o custody_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o of_o tutor_n or_o overseer_n tit._n xxiii_o man_n though_o full_o grow_v and_o woman_n though_o marriageable_a be_v among_o the_o roman_n to_o receive_v tutor_n until_o they_o arrive_v at_o twenty_o five_o year_n of_o age_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o be_v not_o so_o with_o we_o beyond_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o and_o that_o in_o case_n where_o they_o have_v not_o any_o before_o either_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o tenure_n or_o necessity_n of_o the_o law_n however_o we_o include_v tutor_n and_o overseer_n under_o the_o name_n of_o guardian_n although_o it_o be_v apparent_a those_o to_o be_v more_o proper_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o person_n these_o to_o the_o estate_n 20._o estate_n v._o tit_n 14._o sect._n 4._o in_o inst_z &_o a_o the_o ritâ—_n nuptiarum_fw-la l._n sciendum_fw-la 20._o 1._o to_o some_o also_o the_o law_n appoint_v tutor_n and_o overseer_n for_o by_o the_o statute_n the_o king_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n of_o natural_a idiot_n receive_v the_o profis_n without_o waste_n and_o destruction_n and_o find_v they_o necessary_n without_o any_o regard_n have_v of_o who_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v which_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o idiot_n be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o the_o right_a heir_n so_o that_o they_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n be_v alien_v by_o the_o idiot_n or_o the_o heir_n disinherit_v 126._o disinherit_v 17_o ed._n 2._o brit._n 167._o stan._n prerog_n c._n 9_o bract._n l._n 5._o trac_fw-la 5_o c._n 20._o n._n 1._o dyer_n 102._o coâ—_n l._n 4._o 126._o fleta_n affirm_v 11._o affirm_v l._n 1._o c._n 11._o that_o ancient_o idiot_n be_v under_o the_o custody_n of_o their_o own_o lord_n but_o that_o for_o the_o many_o exheredation_n that_o happen_v their_o guardianshipp_n be_v confer_v by_o parliament_n upon_o the_o king_n yet_o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o those_o who_o it_o concern_v shall_v loose_v nothing_o which_o be_v their_o due_n either_o for_o service_n rent_n releif_n of_o their_o right_n of_o guardianship_n till_o they_o come_v to_o full_a age_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o fee_n 2._o so_o also_o where_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o one_o who_o former_o have_v both_o memory_n and_o understanding_n become_v non_fw-la compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la as_o some_o be_v who_o have_v lucida_n intervalla_fw-la the_o king_n shall_v take_v care_n that_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n of_o such_o shall_v be_v keep_v without_o waste_n or_o destruction_n and_o that_o he_o and_o his_o family_n shall_v live_v competent_o and_o be_v maintain_v out_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o same_o and_o that_o the_o remainder_n of_o their_o profit_n shall_v be_v reserve_v for_o their_o use_n so_o that_o the_o say_v land_n and_o tenement_n shall_v not_o be_v by_o any_o mean_v alienate_v within_o the_o say_a time_n nor_o the_o revenue_n appropriate_v to_o the_o king_n use_n and_o that_o if_o he_o shall_v happen_v to_o die_v in_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o then_o that_o say_a remainder_n of_o the_o say_a profit_n to_o be_v dispose_v of_o by_o the_o ordinary_a for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o soul_n 127._o soul_n 17_o e._n 2._o c._n 10._o bract._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 9_o n._n 7._o dyer_n fol._n 25._o n._n 164._o cook_n l._n 4._o 127._o 3._o those_o who_o be_v natural_o deaf_a and_o dumb_a or_o labour_n under_o any_o perpetual_a disease_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o be_v necessary_o to_o have_v guardian_n 1._o guardian_n bract._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 3._o c._n 6_o n._n 6._o &_o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 18._o n._n 1._o etc._n etc._n 10._o n._n 1._o 4._o infant_n be_v not_o force_v to_o receive_v guardian_n against_o their_o will_n except_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o fee_n or_o any_o of_o the_o cause_n before_o mention_v or_o in_o case_n of_o suit_n in_o law_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n oftentimes_o there_o be_v not_o only_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n assign_v to_o assist_v the_o infant_n in_o act_v but_o a_o guardian_n likewise_o to_o afford_v he_o help_v for_o his_o defence_n 27._o defence_n west_n 1._o c._n 47._o west_n 2._o c._n 15._o f._n b._n f._n 27._o 5._o notwithstanding_o which_v no_o man_n as_o guardian_n to_o a_o infant_n shall_v prosecute_v for_o he_o or_o receive_v a_o action_n without_o warrant_n but_o another_o may_v as_o his_o kinsman_n commence_v a_o action_n for_o he_o without_o express_a warrant_n ibid._n warrant_n id._n ibid._n nor_o can_v a_o infant_n disclaim_v that_o guardian_n who_o prosecute_v a_o action_n for_o he_o as_o be_v next_o of_o kin_n ibid._n kin_n id._n ibid._n 6._o a_o idiot_n bear_v be_v not_o receive_v to_o prosecute_v or_o defend_v in_o any_o action_n by_o his_o guardian_n or_o next_o of_o kin_n but_o be_v require_v always_o to_o be_v present_a in_o his_o proper_a person_n g._n person_n f._n n._n b._n fol._n 27._o g._n of_o the_o security_n which_o be_v to_o be_v give_v by_o guardian_n tit._n xxiv_o he_o that_o be_v constitute_v sole_a tutor_n or_o guardian_n by_o the_o magistrate_n or_o ordinary_a â—s_n bind_v by_o our_o law_n to_o put_v in_o security_n but_o â—efore_o he_o be_v admit_v to_o his_o office_n he_o make_v â—ath_n to_o administer_v all_o the_o affair_n of_o his_o â—ard_n to_o his_o profit_n and_o benefit_n to_o give_v a_o true_a â—nd_n faithful_a inventory_n of_o all_o his_o good_n â—nd_v to_o exhibit_v it_o by_o a_o certain_a time_n accord_v as_o the_o judge_n shall_v appoint_v as_o also_o to_o â—ender_v a_o exact_a and_o true_a account_n of_o his_o office_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v require_v from_o he_o â—esides_v all_o which_o he_o be_v to_o find_v fit_a and_o able_a surety_n joint_o with_o himself_o and_o several_o â—y_a themselves_o to_o become_v bind_v for_o his_o true_a â—nd_n faithful_a administration_n of_o his_o guardianship_n of_o the_o excuse_n of_o guardian_n it_o be_v xxv_o our_o law_n speak_v nothing_o of_o the_o excuse_n of_o guardian_n because_o no_o one_o be_v puâ—…_n upon_o this_o office_n against_o his_o will._n of_o guardian_n which_o may_v fall_v under_o suspicion_n tit._n xxvi_o our_o law_n be_v very_o careful_a in_o pâ—…_n of_o trust_v guardian_n for_o he_o that_o give_v estate_n to_o divers_a whereof_o some_o be_v of_o agâ—_n and_o some_o infant_n may_v lawful_o appoâ—…_n those_o which_o be_v of_o age_n to_o be_v guardian_n oâ—_n the_o infant_n but_o this_o will_v not_o stand_v in_o câ—…_n there_o be_v any_o cause_n of_o suspicion_n that_o they_o wâ—…_n contrive_v the_o death_n of_o the_o infant_n but_o suspâ—…tion_n be_v not_o admit_v if_o the_o gift_n be_v make_v tâ—…_n father_n or_o mother_n or_o their_o lawful_a issue_n bâ—…_n it_o be_v otherwise_o where_o it_o be_v to_o brother_n or_o uncle_n or_o nephew_n because_o of_o the_o right_n descend_v 11._o descend_v bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o 1._o they_o who_o be_v guardian_n by_o right_a oâ—…_n their_o fee_n so_o long_o as_o they_o have_v the_o custodâ—…_n of_o the_o land_n be_v bind_v to_o maintain_v and_o repair_v all_o
house_n park_n warrens_n fishpool_n mill_n and_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o appertain_v to_o the_o say_a land_n out_o of_o the_o proâ—â—ts_n of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o to_o â—ender_v to_o the_o heir_n when_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o age_n his_o say_a â—and_n free_a from_o all_o service_n of_o the_o plough_n â—t_a lest_o as_o free_a as_o he_o find_v it_o nor_o shall_v he_o â—ake_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o heir_n as_o he_o â—eing_v under_o age_n more_o than_o the_o ordinary_a custom_n and_o reasonable_a service_n and_o thâ—s_v without_o destruction_n or_o waste_n either_o of_o man_n or_o good_n which_o if_o he_o shall_v do_v whether_o there_o â—o_o any_o prohibition_n precede_v or_o not_o he_o shall_v â—oose_v his_o ward_n and_o pay_v damage_n and_o deliâ—er_v up_o the_o land_n for_o his_o default_n to_o some_o discreet_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o his_o fee_n or_o to_o the_o â—ext_n of_o kynn_n 5._o kynn_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 3._o &_o l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 6._o c._n 19_o n._n 2._o mag._n char._n c._n 4._o &_o 5._o 2._o and_o it_o be_v true_a regular_o that_o no_o one_o â—â—all_v remain_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o he_o who_o may_v â—e_v suspect_v that_o he_o will_v lay_v claim_n to_o the_o inheritance_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o there_o â—e_v many_o daughter_n and_o heir_n in_o socage_n â—one_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v ward_n to_o the_o rest_n but_o â—hey_n shall_v remain_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o their_o next_o of_o kin_n who_o be_v ally_v to_o they_o in_o that_o line_n â—o_o which_o the_o inheritance_n can_v descend_v â—ut_v if_o they_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n they_o shall_v be_v all_o under_o the_o custody_n of_o another_o capital_a lord_n and_o not_o one_o alone_a under_o the_o guard_n of_o another_o lord_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a suspicion_n until_o they_o come_v to_o perfect_a age_n 8._o age_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 6._o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 5._o n._n 8._o 3._o a_o ward_n may_v prosecute_v a_o action_n of_o waste_n against_o his_o guardian_n and_o may_v constitute_v his_o attorney_n in_o the_o action_n h._n action_n f._n n._n b._n f._n 27._o h._n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o institutes_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n of_o the_o division_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o gain_v a_o property_n in_o thing_n tit._n i._n we_o have_v speak_v before_o of_o the_o person_n and_o condition_n of_o man_n and_o person_n in_o law_n we_o be_v therefore_o now_o by_o consequence_n to_o treat_v of_o thing_n by_o divide_v and_o distinguish_v that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o be_v understand_v begin_v understand_v bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 12._o in_o the_o begin_v 1._o now_o the_o first_o division_n of_o thing_n be_v this_o that_o some_o be_v in_o patrimony_n and_o inheritance_n and_o some_o not_z those_o which_o be_v of_o or_o belong_v to_o our_o patrimony_n and_o both_o moveable_n and_o immovables_n which_o we_o have_v liberty_n to_o make_v use_n of_o according_a to_o our_o will_n 〈◊〉_d necessity_n right_n and_o service_n be_v not_o proper_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o good_n but_o iâ—_n regard_v they_o be_v not_o extreneous_a they_o may_v the_o rather_o be_v account_v such_o 1._o such_o bract._n ib._n n._n 2._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o 2._o those_o which_o be_v not_o appertain_v 〈◊〉_d our_o patrimony_n be_v thing_n sacred_a religioâ—â—_n and_o common_a 5._o common_a bract._n ib._n n._n 5._o 3._o by_o natural_a right_a these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v as_o common_a run_v water_n the_o air_n and_o sea_n and_o the_o sea_n shore_n as_o accessary_n for_o no_o one_o be_v prohibit_v come_v to_o the_o sea_n shore_n whilst_o he_o abstaine_v from_o building_n and_o village_n because_o by_o the_o law_n oâ—_n nation_n the_o shore_n be_v as_o common_a as_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o those_o building_n which_o shall_v be_v erect_v either_o in_o the_o sea_n or_o shore_n be_v the_o builder_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o soil_n follow_v the_o propriety_n oâ—_n the_o building_n although_o in_o other_o it_o be_v contrary_a the_o building_n give_v place_n and_o follow_v the_o propriety_n of_o the_o soil_n 5._o soil_n bract._n d._n l._n 2._o c._n 12._o n._n 5._o 4._o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v public_a be_v river_n and_o port_n and_o therefore_o the_o right_n of_o fish_v use_v to_o be_v free_a to_o all_o as_o also_o the_o use_n of_o the_o bank_n be_v public_a as_o the_o river_n themselves_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n wherefore_o it_o be_v as_o free_a to_o every_o one_o to_o join_v ship_n and_o fasten_v they_o unto_o they_o to_o tie_v their_o cable_n or_o rope_n to_o the_o tree_n grow_v on_o they_o to_o lay_v any_o burden_n upon_o they_o as_o it_o be_v to_o sail_v or_o row_v in_o the_o river_n themselves_o but_o the_o property_n of_o they_o be_v they_o to_o who_o fee_n they_o adione_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o â—rees_n which_o grow_v thereon_o be_v they_o likewise_o and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o those_o â—ivers_n which_o have_v a_o perpetual_a and_o continual_a course_n because_o those_o which_o be_v but_o temporary_a may_v be_v private_a 6._o private_a bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 12._o n._n 6._o but_o these_o which_o â—ere_z formerly_z the_o people_n and_o by_o our_o law_n transfer_v upon_o the_o supreme_a power_n as_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o all_o the_o people_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n itself_o fogassa_n itself_o plâ—w_n case_n reinyer_n &_o fogassa_n â—herefore_o at_o this_o day_n whosoever_o disburden_v 〈◊〉_d unlade_n his_o ship_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o pubâ—â—ck_a river_n must_v pay_v custom_n hoc_fw-la nomine_fw-la to_o â—â—e_v supreme_a power_n or_o its_o depute_a officer_n 14_o officer_n 3_o h._n 7._o f._n 14_o nor_o can_v any_o man_n fish_n in_o public_a river_n without_o licence_n from_o the_o supreme_a power_n first_o â—btained_v h._n â—btained_v f._n b._n f_o 88_o h._n 5_o where_o note_v the_o difference_n between_o public_a and_o common_a public_a be_v take_v for_o â—or_a those_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o people_n general_o viz._n which_o be_v for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n â—nly_o but_o those_o be_v common_a which_o be_v for_o â—he_n use_v of_o all_o creature_n 1._o creature_n bract._n ib._n â—â—_o 6._o brit._n c._n 33._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o 6._o those_o thing_n be_v say_v universal_a and_o â—elong_a to_o the_o generality_n not_o to_o particular_a person_n which_o be_v in_o city_n theatre_n raâ—es_n and_o the_o like_a which_o be_v common_a in_o city_n and_o be_v for_o the_o use_n and_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o generality_n but_o of_o thing_n which_o belong_v and_o appertain_v to_o the_o generality_n some_o be_v term_v venalia_fw-la not_o from_o the_o use_n but_o the_o power_n under_o which_o they_o be_v and_o profit_n as_o the_o land_n and_o servant_n of_o city_n so_o that_o they_o can_v be_v call_v any_o once_o particular_o ib._n particular_o bract._n ib._n brit_n ib._n flet._n ib._n some_o thing_n there_o be_v which_o may_v many_o way_n be_v say_v not_o to_o be_v the_o good_n of_o any_o one_o as_o first_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n wild_a beast_n bird_n fish_n and_o men._n next_o by_o judgement_n as_o thing_n sacred_a religious_a and_o holy_a theâ—â—_n by_o accident_n as_o a_o inheritance_n lie_v before_o it_o be_v enter_v upon_o or_o appropriate_v and_o 〈◊〉_d wreck_n by_o will_n as_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v leave_v and_o forsake_v and_o by_o process_n of_o time_n as_o treasure_n 1._o treasure_n bract._n ib._n n._n 10._o &_o l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 2_o c._n 3._o n._n 4_o 5_o 6._o d_o &_o stu._n f._n 157._o brit._n c._n 33._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 43_o 44_o &_o 47._o &_o l._n 3._o c._n 1._o but_o by_o our_o law_n wreck_n thing_n that_o be_v leave_v and_o forsake_v and_o treasure_n belong_v to_o the_o public_a exchequer_n 11._o exchequer_n kitch_n f._n 12_o f._n 30._o f._n 40._o stat_n de_fw-fr prerog_n reg._n c._n 11._o 8._o thing_n sacred_a be_v those_o which_o be_v due_o set_v apart_o by_o the_o clergy_n for_o god_n service_n as_o church_n and_o gift_n due_o dedicate_v for_o holy_a use_n as_o chaliees_fw-fr etc._n etc._n which_o be_v forbid_v to_o be_v alienate_v except_o for_o the_o redemption_n of_o captive_n also_o church_n yard_n and_o chapel_n be_v and_o although_o structure_n happen_v to_o be_v dimolish_v notwithstanding_o the_o ground_n remain_v sacred_a still_o now_o sacruâ—_n differ_v from_o sacrarium_fw-la sacrarium_fw-la signify_v only_o a_o place_n where_o holy_a thing_n be_v lay_v 33._o lay_v bract._n ib._n n._n 9_o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 27._o n._n 2._o etc._n etc._n 5._o n._n 7._o brit._n c._n 33._o and_o beside_o all_o these_o the_o king_n high_a way_n
not_o absolute_o acquire_v by_o livery_n of_o seisin_n but_o as_o it_o be_v now_o this_o seizure_n in_o dominico_n etc._n etc._n be_v twofold_a direct_v or_o mere_o for_o use_v direct_v which_o be_v also_o term_v absolute_a be_v that_o which_o comprehend_v both_o property_n and_o use_n the_o other_o consist_v sole_o in_o the_o benefit_n and_o use_v of_o a_o thing_n 12._o thing_n bract._n l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 27._o n._n 6._o &_o tr_fw-la 4._o c._n 4._o fl._n l._n 1._o c._n 12._o 2._o the_o english_a have_v a_o full_a dominion_n and_o power_n of_o thing_n corporeal_a and_o movable_a but_o not_o of_o immovable_a if_o we_o except_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o subject_n have_v not_o a_o absolute_a freehold_n in_o their_o land_n and_o tenement_n but_o a_o fee_n only_o and_o that_o fee_n do_v not_o comprise_v so_o absolute_a a_o power_n appear_v not_o only_o by_o those_o author_n who_o write_v of_o fee_n 1._o fee_n anto._n con._n in_o feodorum_fw-la comment_fw-fr c._n 2._o matthae_fw-la we_o â—â—esenbecius_fw-la in_o tr_fw-la de_fw-fr feodis_fw-la c._n 1._o but_o even_o by_o littleton_n himself_o when_o he_o say_v that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v seize_v of_o such_o a_o estate_n in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o fee_n by_o which_o word_n he_o affirm_v the_o high_a and_o full_a title_n to_o be_v express_v and_o these_o word_n as_o of_o fee_n do_v abate_v somewhat_o of_o a_o absolute_a power_n and_o argue_v a_o tenure_n from_o a_o superior_a but_o that_o these_o word_n be_v sometime_o refer_v to_o the_o king_n demesne_n 16._o demesne_n in_o 27_o h._n 8_o 16._o be_v either_o from_o the_o ignorance_n of_o speak_v and_o apply_v or_o else_o that_o distinction_n be_v maintain_v by_o which_o some_o will_v have_v a_o double_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n fee_fw-mi viz._n one_o by_o which_o a_o man_n hold_v a_o immovable_a thing_n by_o any_o title_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o other_o by_o which_o one_o hold_v from_o another_o by_o rent_n or_o service_n or_o both_o 5._o both_o flet._n l._n 5._o c._n 5._o whereas_o fee_n in_o the_o second_o acceptation_n be_v never_o without_o the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n b._n fealty_n term_n of_o the_o law_n v._o fealty_n fulb._n paral._n c._n seigniority_n f._n 19_o b._n which_o the_o king_n never_o give_v to_o any_o one_o as_o have_v a_o absolute_a power_n praemi_fw-la power_n fort._n c._n 9_o bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o brit._n in_o praemi_fw-la 3._o fee_n which_o be_v in_o latin_a feodum_fw-la and_o by_o some_o feodum_fw-la come_v from_o the_o german_a fief_o which_o signify_v a_o inheritance_n hold_v of_o another_o 11._o another_o hottoman_n b._n disput_fw-la c._n 11._o and_o be_v by_o those_o that_o write_v of_o fee_n define_v to_o be_v a_o immovable_a thing_n give_v to_o another_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o property_n continue_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o donor_n but_o the_o benefit_n and_o use_n be_v to_o the_o donee_n and_o his_o heir_n male_n or_o female_n for_o ever_o so_o long_o as_o the_o donee_n and_o his_o heir_n do_v faithful_o their_o service_n to_o the_o lord_n 3._o lord_n anto._n continus_fw-la in_o com._n sup_v feod_a c._n 3._o so_o that_o fidelity_n or_o fealty_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o fee_n and_o nothing_o else_o yet_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o it_o be_v not_o bestow_v gratis_o but_o for_o some_o small_a consideration_n of_o money_n in_o the_o name_n of_o rent_n or_o for_o service_n 8._o service_n duar._n in_o com._n sup_v feod_a c._n 12._o smyth_n com._n l._n 3._o c._n 8._o but_o we_o understand_v by_o fee_n all_o which_o we_o hold_v to_o we_o and_o our_o heiâ—â—_n 1._o heiâ—â—_n bract._n l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 3._o c._n 9_o n._n 6._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o 4._o fee_fw-mi as_o it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o inheritance_n hold_v of_o another_o be_v hold_v either_o of_o the_o king_n or_o a_o subject_n or_o that_o we_o may_v use_v our_o owâ—_n phrase_n a_o common_a person_n fee_n that_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n be_v double_a either_o in_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n which_o we_o call_v tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o of_o some_o honour_n or_o manor_n appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o a_o subject_n although_o he_o may_v have_v other_o who_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o fee_n from_o who_o he_o may_v exact_v fealty_n yet_o himself_o be_v either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o feodary_n to_o the_o king_n for_o all_o the_o land_n of_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v not_o hold_v of_o other_o by_o service_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o belong_v to_o he_o either_o as_o ancient_a demesne_n escheat_n or_o perquisites_n 5._o fee_fw-mi be_v divide_v into_o many_o species_n either_o from_o the_o effect_n or_o from_o some_o cause_n efficient_a or_o formal_a but_o we_o shall_v only_o discourse_v brief_o here_o of_o those_o which_o we_o meet_v with_o most_o frequent_o in_o our_o book_n 6._o fee_fw-mi therefore_o be_v either_o liege_n or_o nonleige_v some_o feodists_n ib._n feodists_n duar._n ib._n will_v have_v it_o to_o come_v from_o the_o italian_a word_n liga_fw-la which_o signify_v a_o band_n or_o league_n and_o that_o because_o it_o tie_v and_o oblige_v the_o vassal_n for_o liege_n be_v proper_o where_o any_o one_o swear_v fealty_n to_o his_o lord_n non-liege_n be_v when_o with_o the_o exception_n of_o another_o the_o first_o be_v due_a only_a to_o the_o king_n the_o late_a to_o common_a person_n 1._o person_n 10_o r._n 2._o &_o 11._o c._n 1._o &_o 34._o &_o 35._o c._n 3._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 1._o 7._o again_o fee_n be_v either_o royal_a or_o noâ—_n royal_a royal_a be_v the_o great_a for_o that_o it_o have_v somewhat_o of_o royalty_n in_o it_o as_o from_z whence_o any_o one_o be_v institute_v from_o the_o king_n â—eing_v absolute_a without_o acknowledge_v a_o superior_a of_o this_o sort_n be_v those_o which_o have_v a_o dignity_n or_o honour_n conjoin_v with_o the_o powâ—â—_n of_o their_o privilege_n and_o be_v by_o we_o style_v surety_n or_o prerogative_n royal_a as_o where_o â—â—e_z king_n grant_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o any_o subâ—â—ct_n the_o view_n of_o a_o frank_a pledge_n the_o plea_n 〈◊〉_d imprand_a the_o amendment_n of_o the_o fault_n 〈◊〉_d assize_n the_o adjudge_v of_o robber_n as_o infangâ—â—eife_n and_o outfang_a thief_n soc_n sac_n tol_o theme_n â—o_o punish_v by_o the_o gallow_n or_o other_o punishment_n which_o the_o execution_n of_o judgement_n â—â—all_v require_v good_n of_o felon_n and_o which_o appertain_v to_o the_o peace_n and_o consequent_o to_o â—â—e_z crown_n 35._o crown_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o n._n 7._o &_o c._n 24._o &_o l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 2._o c._n 35._o wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n whale_n â—uâ—geons_n free_a warren_n fair_a 46._o fair_a bract_n l._n 4._o tt_z 1._o c._n 46._o and_o those_o â—â—her_a thing_n which_o fall_v within_o the_o king_n derogative_n but_o of_o these_o fee_n there_o be_v â—â—th_v we_o certain_a degree_n since_o some_o have_v a_o â—â—eater_a number_n some_o a_o lesser_a grant_v unto_o â—â—em_n the_o first_o the_o principallity_n of_o wales_n claim_v 〈◊〉_d right_a 28._o right_a polid._n vir._n in_o ed._n 1._o f._n 343._o lin_v 28._o which_o from_o the_o time_n of_o edwardâ—â—e_n â—â—e_z first_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n â—nd_v the_o second_o be_v claim_v by_o the_o four_o paâ—â—tinates_n or_o county_n palatine_n lancaster_n â—â—rham_n chester_n and_o ely_n 25._o ely_n 5_o elix_fw-la c._n 23._o 17_o ed._n 4._o c._n 1._o 27_o h._n 8._o c._n 25._o and_o these_o have_v those_o fee_n which_o we_o calâ—â—d_v honour_n which_o the_o king_n beside_o the_o jurisdiction_n contingent_a to_o court_n baron_n have_v â—â—anted_v some_o though_o not_o all_o these_o royallâ—â—es_n out_o of_o his_o munificence_n 18._o munificence_n 31_o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o &_o 33._o c._n 37_o 38._o &_o 37._o c._n 18._o 8._o three_o fee_n be_v either_o noble_a or_o ignoble_a â—â—oble_a be_v that_o which_o have_v any_o dignity_n annex_v to_o it_o or_o which_o ennoble_v the_o possessor_n or_o conclude_v he_o to_o be_v noble_a and_o of_o the_o sort_n with_o we_o be_v those_o which_o we_o call_v mannâ—â—_n who_o lord_n have_v some_o jurisdiction_n thouâ—â—_n not_o royal_a over_o those_o which_o hold_v of_o their_o 〈◊〉_d 4_o 〈◊〉_d perk._n 670._o fulb._n par_fw-fr seig._n f._n 18._o kitch_n f._n 4_o ignoble_a be_v that_o which_o depend_v of_o such_o manor_n and_o be_v grant_v to_o countryman_n 〈◊〉_d their_o heir_n for_o some_o base_a service_n this_o 〈◊〉_d common_o call_v freehold_n 9_o four_o fee_n be_v either_o new_a or_o anâ—â—ent_a auncestrell_n anâ—â—ent_a homage_n auncestrell_n new_a be_v there_o where_o any_o one_o be_v first_o all_o invest_v by_o the_o chief_a lord_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o either_o by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o loâ—â—_n or_o for_o money_n pay_v to_o the_o former_a
feodary_n for_o he_o be_v the_o first_o of_o a_o new_a family_n who_o yeiâ—â—_n homage_n and_o fealty_n 7_o fealty_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 7_o ancient_a fee_n be_v who_o the_o feodary_n and_o his_o ancestor_n time_n out_o 〈◊〉_d mind_n have_v hold_v such_o a_o fee_n and_o here_o the_o fâ—â—dists_n aunce_v fâ—â—dists_n id._n ib._n &_o new_a term_n tit_n hom._n aunce_v place_n a_o medium_fw-la between_o these_o two_o 〈◊〉_d paternal_a fee_n which_o come_v by_o four_o degreese_v descent_n and_o they_o define_v that_o to_o be_v the_o ancient_a which_o descend_v from_o more_o 10._o more_o duar._n come_v in_o con_fw-la feod_a c._n 4._o n._n 10._o 10._o five_o fee_n be_v divide_v into_o ecclesiastics_n and_o laic_a or_o secular_a ecclesiastic_a be_v thâ—_n which_o be_v possess_v either_o by_o ecclesiastic_a person_n or_o which_o belong_v to_o church_n 〈◊〉_d that_o which_o be_v hold_v by_o lay_v person_n and_o cannâ—â—_n be_v possess_v by_o ecclesiastic_a and_o indeed_o 〈◊〉_d fee_n as_o with_o we_o laic_a unless_o they_o become_v â—â—ther_n by_o some_o special_a grant_n from_o the_o king_n which_o we_o call_v give_v to_o mortmain_n hist_o mortmain_n mag._n char._n c._n 36._o 18_o e_o 3_o stat._n 3._o c._n 3._o 15_o r._n 2._o c._n 5._o pol._n virg._n l._n 17._o eng._n hist_o 11._o six_o fee_fw-mi be_v distinguish_v 〈◊〉_d masculine_a and_o feminine_a masculine_a be_v thâ—_n which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o the_o heiâ—_n males_n of_o his_o body_n and_o of_o this_o kind_a 〈◊〉_d those_o of_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n 〈◊〉_d baron_n for_o the_o most_o part_n which_o 〈◊〉_d defect_n of_o heir_n male_n be_v extinguish_v 〈◊〉_d return_n into_o the_o supremacy_n from_o whence_o â—â—ey_n issue_v but_o these_o be_v at_o this_o day_n rather_o â—itles_n of_o honour_n then_o fee_n in_o regard_n they_o â—re_n for_o the_o most_o part_n confer_v without_o 〈◊〉_d feminine_a be_v that_o which_o may_v descend_v to_o â—â—e_v â—â—male_a issue_n as_o when_o it_o be_v give_v indefinite_o 〈◊〉_d the_o feodary_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o so_o that_o or_o default_n of_o heir_n male_n it_o may_v come_v to_o â—he_n female_n and_o their_o issue_n 4._o issue_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 34._o &_o l._n 1_o c._n 8._o n._n 4._o 12._o last_o fee_n be_v either_o pure_a or_o simple_a or_o conditional_a simple_n be_v that_o which_o be_v hold_v 〈◊〉_d a_o simple_a and_o perpetual_a right_n to_o the_o feodary_a and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o conditional_a 〈◊〉_d that_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o â—uch_n or_o such_o heir_n for_o default_n of_o which_o it_o return_v to_o the_o donor_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o therefore_o he_o that_o have_v land_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n beget_v of_o she_o in_o â—ase_n she_o die_v without_o issue_n before_o he_o be_v call_v â—enant_n in_o tail_n after_o hope_n or_o possibility_n of_o issue_n extinct_a for_o this_o kind_n of_o fee_n with_o we_o be_v call_v fee-tail_n come_v from_o the_o french_a word_n tallier_n to_o cut_v part_n or_o divide_v as_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v a_o fee_n by_o some_o mean_v sever_v or_o diminish_v 13_o diminish_v lit._n l._n r._n c._n 1_o &_o 1_o instit_fw-la jur._n come_v c._n 11._o &_o 13_o 13._o and_o this_o kind_n of_o fee_n be_v double_a viz._n taile_n general_a and_o tail_n special_a general_n taile_n be_v where_o a_o fee_n be_v give_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o he_o lawful_o beget_v or_o to_o be_v beget_v for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o child_n of_o either_o wife_n whether_o first_o second_o or_o three_o shall_v inherit_v special_a tail_n be_v where_o a_o fee_n be_v give_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o either_o of_o they_o 1._o they_o lit._n ib._n inst_z jur._n c._n 12._o west_n 2._o c._n 1._o or_o according_a to_o some_o when_o it_o be_v give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n and_o one_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n lawful_o to_o be_v beget_v and_o one_o heir_n of_o that_o heâ—â—_n only_o 171_o only_o perk._n 171_o but_o this_o whether_o it_o be_v proper_o to_o be_v style_v a_o fee_n for_o want_n of_o perpetuity_n may_v 〈◊〉_d be_v doubt_v 14._o now_o a_o fee_n be_v not_o limit_v to_o one_o feodary_n but_o may_v be_v possess_v by_o more_o so_o thaâ—_n they_o be_v call_v partner_n joynt-tenant_n 〈◊〉_d tenant_n in_o common_a 15._o common_a lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 3_o inst_z jur._n come_v c._n 15._o partner_n be_v either_o by_o law_n or_o custom_n by_o law_n be_v sister_n coheir_n because_o the_o heir_n male_n be_v dead_a they_o equal_o succeed_v their_o parent_n in_o the_o fee_n 3_o fee_n id._n c._n 1._o &_o 3_o by_o custom_n be_v brother_n in_o maâ—â—_n counties_n especial_o in_o kent_n from_o the_o custom_n of_o gauâ—lkind_n call_v so_o from_o the_o equality_n of_o apportion_v the_o inheritance_n 2._o inheritance_n id._n c._n 2._o joynt-tenant_n be_v they_o which_o hold_v lanâ—â—_n or_o tenement_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o title_n but_o not_o hereditary_a tenant_n in_o common_a 〈◊〉_d those_o which_o possess_v land_n or_o tenement_n 〈◊〉_d indiviso_fw-la by_o divers_a title_n as_o in_o case_n one_o coheir_n sell_v her_o part_n to_o a_o stranger_n he_o be_v not_o joynt-tenant_n with_o the_o other_o partner_n but_o be_v called-tenant_n in_o common_a 15._o common_a id._n c._n 4._o inst_z jur._n come_v c._n 15._o 15._o a_o fee_n with_o we_o be_v not_o only_o of_o corporal_a thing_n but_o incorporal_a also_o for_o the_o custody_n of_o a_o forest_n 209._o forest_n vid._n n._n b._n f._n 6._o dyer_n f._n 30._o n._n 209._o prison_n 41._o prison_n id._n f._n 41._o or_o county_n 8._o county_n 28_o ed._n 1._o stat._n 3._o c._n 8._o may_v be_v grant_v to_o one_o in_o fee_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o a_o annual_a rent_n 8._o rent_n vid._n n._n b._n foâ—_n 8._o and_o of_o a_o advowson_n sever_v and_o not_o appertain_v to_o any_o manor_n which_o we_o call_v a_o advowson_n in_o gross_a 105._o gross_a lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o bro._n tit_n tenor_n 105._o now_o there_o be_v many_o service_n pertain_v to_o a_o fee_n which_o we_o shall_v mention_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n 16._o there_o be_v belong_v even_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o fee_n fee_n farm_n free_a farm_n and_o free_a tenement_n fee_n farm_n be_v a_o tenure_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n grant_v to_o any_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o a_o yearly_a rent_n which_o equal_v the_o three_o b._n three_o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 210._o b._n or_o at_o the_o least_o the_o four_o part_n farm_n part_n old_a tenure_n ver_fw-la fee_fw-mi farm_n of_o the_o true_a value_n without_o any_o other_o service_n then_o what_o be_v express_v in_o a_o charter_n of_o feoffment_n 463._o feoffment_n west_n part_n 1._o symb_n 463._o some_o affirm_v that_o a_o fee_fw-mi farm_n can_v only_o be_v grant_v for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o farmer_n and_o some_o will_v have_v it_o fealty_n although_o not_o express_v law_n express_v new_a term_n of_o the_o law_n in_o the_o feoffment_n and_o other_o that_o reasonable_a relief_n 9_o relief_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 39_o n._n 9_o be_v due_a of_o right_n from_o the_o fee-farmer_n to_o the_o donor_n but_o the_o condition_n of_o this_o tenure_n be_v such_o that_o if_o rent_n be_v not_o pay_v by_o the_o tenant_n for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n than_o the_o lord_n or_o feoffer_n may_v recover_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n upon_o his_o action_n 17._o britton_n make_v free_a farm_n where_o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v so_o give_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o fee_n by_o feoffment_n be_v change_v from_o knight_n service_n to_o certain_a annual_a service_n so_o that_o there_o be_v neither_o marriage_n nor_o relief_n requirable_a nor_o any_o other_o service_n express_v in_o the_o feoffment_n 66._o feoffment_n brit._n c._n 66._o but_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o i_o have_v read_v this_o in_o any_o other_o author_n 18._o free_a tenement_n or_o freehold_n be_v where_o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v hold_v only_o for_o life_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o such_o a_o tenant_n be_v say_v to_o hold_v in_o dominico_n svo_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la libero_fw-la tenemento_fw-it 10._o tenemento_fw-it dyer_n f._n 221._o n._n 19_o &_o f._n 153._o n._n 10._o but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v that_o fee_n be_v natural_o a_o freehold_n i_o shall_v not_o deny_v it_o only_o must_v add_v that_o it_o be_v also_o somewhat_o more_o because_o perpetual_a 37._o perpetual_a inst_z jur._n come_v c._n 10._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o bract._n l._n 4_o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 37._o but_o of_o that_o freehold_n which_o be_v mean_v here_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n one_o which_o be_v for_o term_v of_o life_n even_o by_o the_o very_a custom_n and_o law_n the_o
ancestor_n but_o of_o this_o we_o have_v speak_v enough_o before_o now_o marriage_n be_v a_o equivocal_a word_n since_o it_o signify_v also_o the_o fee_n itself_o which_o be_v give_v in_o matrimony_n 39_o matrimony_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 34._o &_o 39_o and_o this_o shall_v suffice_v of_o service_n that_o be_v noble_a 21._o that_o service_n which_o â—s_v rural_a and_o ignoble_a be_v by_o we_o call_v socage_n from_o the_o french_a word_n soc_n which_o signify_v a_o plough_n or_o soccage_n as_o sockage_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o appellation_n be_v that_o these_o kind_n of_o tenant_n be_v by_o our_o predecessor_n bind_v to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o soc_n or_o plough_v and_o come_v yearly_a when_o the_o season_n require_v with_o their_o ox_n to_o plough_v and_o sow_v some_o part_n of_o their_o lord_n land_n but_o by_o process_n of_o time_n it_o be_v now_o become_v so_o that_o these_o kind_n of_o work_n be_v in_o most_o place_n change_v into_o a_o certain_a rent_n although_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o the_o service_n remain_v still_o 31._o still_o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o inst_z come_v c._n 31._o so_o that_o this_o tenure_n which_o at_o first_o be_v slight_o esteem_v of_o be_v now_o account_v mud_n the_o better_a for_o the_o original_a labour_n be_v convert_v into_o a_o moderate_a sum_n of_o money_n only_o the_o value_n of_o the_o yearly_a rent_n be_v exact_v for_o relief_n and_o it_o be_v oblige_v neither_o to_o guaâ—â—_n or_o marriage_n 18._o marriage_n dyer_n fol._n 362._o n._n 18._o 22._o wherefore_o socage_n which_o at_o first_o be_v pure_o a_o villain_n and_o rural_a service_n be_v now_o â—â—vided_v into_o free_a and_o villain_n free_a socage_n 〈◊〉_d that_o which_o in_o lieu_n of_o villain_n service_n pay_v 〈◊〉_d the_o lord_n a_o certain_a annual_a rent_n 1._o rent_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 35._o n._n 1._o villâ—â—â—_n socage_n be_v double_a that_o ancient_a viz._n by_o which_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a service_n perform_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o fee_n for_o this_o be_v even_o still_o in_o use_n 31._o use_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 5_o inst_z corn_n c._n 31._o and_o the_o other_o which_o be_v pure_a villainage_n in_o which_o there_o be_v obligation_n to_o incertain_a service_n and_o undetermined_a where_o one_o can_v tell_v over_o night_n what_o service_n will_v be_v require_v next_o morning_n viz._n where_o any_o one_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o fee_n or_o person_n be_v engage_v to_o do_v whatsoever_o be_v command_v he_o b._n he_o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 8._o n._n 3._o vet_z n._n b_o fol._n 49._o brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 11._o n._n 1._o bri._n c._n 66._o foe_n 165_o b._n but_o our_o modern_n do_v not_o subject_v those_o who_o hold_v in_o villainage_n to_o such_o uncertain_a service_n but_o call_v that_o villainage_n where_o a_o villain_n tenant_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o a_o freeman_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o fee_n performs_z service_n duty_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n as_o to_o carry_v dung_n out_o of_o a_o city_n or_o ouâ—_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o his_o lord_n land_n and_o the_o like_a 9_o like_a lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o inst_z come_v c._n 34._o bro._n c._n 66._o n._n 9_o 23._o that_o fee_n therefore_o which_o be_v hold_v by_o free_a socage_n enjoy_v the_o best_a condition_n of_o any_o other_o at_o this_o day_n be_v free_v from_o the_o encumbrance_n of_o guard_n and_o marriage_n 5._o marriage_n smith_n com._n l._n 3._o c._n 5._o which_o to_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n often_o fall_v out_o most_o heavy_a but_o this_o at_o present_a if_o take_v according_a to_o the_o utmost_a latitude_n of_o its_o signification_n be_v understand_v to_o include_v all_o other_o kind_n of_o tenor_n which_o be_v hold_v by_o a_o certain_a rent_n free_a from_o guard_n and_o marriage_n 66._o marriage_n brit._n c._n 66._o as_o those_o which_o be_v hold_v by_o franck-almaign_a ib._n franck-almaign_a id._n ib._n or_o in_o ancient_a demesne_n of_o the_o king_n socage_n king_n id._n lb._n lit._n c._n socage_n by_o fee-farm_n ib._n fee-farm_n brit._n ib._n in_o free_a bank_n ib._n bank_n id._n ib._n or_o burgage_n 77._o burgage_n bro._n tenor_n n._n 5._o &_o 77._o 24._o the_o service_n of_o franck-almaign_a if_o at_o least_o we_o may_v call_v that_o a_o service_n which_o pay_v neither_o fealty_n nor_o any_o terrene_a duty_n to_o the_o donor_n be_v where_o a_o fee_n be_v give_v to_o a_o abbot_n or_o prior_n &_o their_o covent_n or_o to_o a_o dean_n &_o chapter_n to_o a_o mr._n of_o a_o hospital_n or_o any_o body_n or_o person_n ecclesiastical_a under_o that_o capacity_n or_o notion_n that_o they_o shall_v pray_v for_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o donor_n and_o his_o family_n live_v or_o dead_a but_o this_o at_o present_a can_v be_v do_v only_o by_o the_o supreme_a power_n for_o that_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n westminst_n statute_n westminst_n which_o prohibit_v any_o from_o grant_v their_o fee-simple_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o wherefore_o whosoever_o from_o that_o time_n the_o king_n except_v give_v a_o estate_n in_o franck-almaign_a do_v in_o vain_a add_v that_o word_n franck-almaign_a because_o it_o wrought_v nothing_o but_o that_o the_o donee_n hold_v the_o same_o estate_n of_o the_o superior_a lord_n by_o the_o same_o service_n which_o the_o donor_n hold_v it_o who_o act_n can_v prejudice_v none_o but_o himself_o 61._o himself_o bro._n tenor_n 61._o but_o it_o seem_v the_o capital_a lord_n may_v remit_v these_o service_n and_o so_o make_v it_o frank-almaign_a 97._o frank-almaign_a id._n ib._n 71._o 97._o the_o service_n of_o ancient_a demesne_n be_v that_o which_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o ancient_a demesne_n of_o the_o king_n perform_v now_o ancient_a dâ—mesne_n be_v all_o that_o which_o be_v immediate_o helâ—_n of_o the_o king_n st._n edward_n oâ—_n â—illiam_fw-la the_o conqueror_n deme_n conqueror_n term._n law_n ancient_a deme_n for_o the_o late_a take_v a_o exact_a survey_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n so_o that_o heâ—_n may_v know_v of_o what_o lord_n every_o rod_n 〈◊〉_d ground_n within_o it_o be_v hold_v this_o survey_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v enter_v into_o a_o book_n which_o be_v yet_o remain_v in_o the_o public_a exchequer_n by_o he_o style_v â—â—nchester_a roll_n or_o doomsday_n book_n doomsday_n camd._n br._n c._n 94._o coo._n pref_o to_o his_o 3_o d._n book_n now_o by_o ancient_a demesne_n we_o understand_v all_o those_o manor_n which_o be_v there_o assign_v and_o ascribe_v to_o the_o king_n namely_o because_o they_o be_v the_o king_n demesne_n 〈◊〉_d ancient_n and_o the_o service_n by_o which_o these_o tenant_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n be_v socage_n c._n socage_n f._n n._n b._n foe_n 13._o d._n &_o 14._o b._n c._n but_o these_o have_v a_o double_a manner_n of_o hold_v vâ—â—_n some_o by_o charter_n and_o be_v call_v the_o king_n free_a tenant_n other_o by_o seal_n which_o we_o call_v copy_n of_o court_n roll_n or_o by_o the_o verge_n and_o these_o be_v style_v the_o king_n free_a sockmans_n 8._o sockmans_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 8._o n._n 4._o brit._n c._n 66._o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 14._o d._n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o neither_o of_o these_o be_v tenant_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o by_o service_n first_o due_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o mannoâ—_n 66._o mannoâ—_n kitch_n fol._n 99_o brit._n c._n 66._o many_o writer_n have_v treat_v of_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n which_o these_o tenant_n have_v that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o great_a leisure_n to_o attend_v the_o king_n business_n 8._o business_n brit._n ib._n f._n n._n b._n ib_o lit._n l._n 2._o â—â—st_n come_v c._n 35._o flet._n l._n 1_o c._n 8._o 26._o the_o service_n which_o be_v perform_v also_o by_o tenant_n in_o fee-farm_n be_v socage_n in_o regard_n fee-farm_n can_v be_v where_o guard_n and_o marriage_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o lord_n by_o charter_n ib._n charter_n brit._n ib._n and_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o tenant_n in_o frank_a bank_n 2._o bank_n brit._n ib._n br._n l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 6._o c._n 13._o n._n 2._o 27._o burgage_n be_v a_o certain_a rent_n payable_a by_o those_o which_o inhabit_v the_o ancient_a burrough_n or_o city_n which_o spring_n from_o they_o of_o this_o kingdom_n either_o to_o the_o king_n or_o another_o lord_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v it_o and_o this_o also_o be_v call_v socage_n 10._o socage_n littl._n l._n 2._o c._n 10._o 28._o have_v pass_v so_o cursory_o over_o these_o we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o there_o be_v many_o more_o fee-service_n behind_o which_o be_v partly_o proper_a to_o tenant_n in_o knight_n service_n partly_o to_o socage_n and_o some_o common_a even_n to_o both_o as_o secta_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la secta_fw-la ad_fw-la molendinum_fw-la herriot_n aide_n to_o make_v
croâ—â—_n nor_o will_n a_o obligation_n to_o warranty_n hinder_v unless_o it_o be_v upon_o exchange_n or_o otherwise_o for_o the_o value_n in_o fee_n or_o service_n oâ—â—â—least_v unless_o they_o be_v grant_v for_o the_o commodity_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n as_o the_o barony_n of_o bishop_n 17._o bishop_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o &_o 17._o etc._n etc._n but_o this_o right_a 〈◊〉_d now_o almost_o whole_o wear_v out_o either_o by_o the_o munificency_n of_o our_o king_n or_o by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d much_o negligency_n of_o our_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o king_n james_n do_v worthy_o study_v a_o wholesome_a remedy_n for_o so_o pernicious_a 〈◊〉_d mischief_n 1._o nor_o can_v a_o husband_n so_o alienate_v the_o inheritance_n or_o jointure_n of_o his_o wife_n but_o thaâ—_n it_o may_v be_v recover_v by_o she_o or_o her_o heir_n after_o his_o decease_n d._n decease_n glan_n l._n 6._o c_o 3_o brit._n c._n 34._o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 193._o d._n 2._o those_o who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capitâ—_n either_o by_o knight_n service_n or_o socage_n can_v without_o punishment_n alienate_v their_o land_n without_o licence_n 1._o licence_n id._n foe_o 175._o a_o bro._n aliâ—nat_fw-la &_o tenor_n 69._o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o yet_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o such_o alienation_n be_v good_a for_o the_o buyer_n or_o feoffee_n against_o the_o seller_n or_o feoffor_a although_o the_o king_n can_v be_v prejudice_v by_o it_o 34._o it_o bro._n testament_n 34._o 3._o a_o infant_n â—9_n infant_n f._n n._n b._n foe_n 192._o g._n perk._n 3._o grant_n 15._o â—9_n madman_n c._n madman_n f._n n._n b._n foe_n 292._o c._n monk_n 3_o monk_n perk._n ib._n 3_o or_o feme-covert_n 175._o feme-covert_n id._n ib._n c._n 11._o bro._n exec._n 175._o can_v alienate_v nor_o can_v a_o villain_n those_o thing_n which_o himself_o have_v purchase_v l._n purchase_v f._n n._n b._n 202._o l._n if_o his_o lord_n be_v possess_v of_o they_o or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o possess_v in_o case_n he_o be_v the_o king_n villain_n 12._o villain_n littl._n l._n 2._o c._n 12._o 4._o there_o be_v also_o a_o old_a law_n late_o revive_v by_o a_o act_n of_o k._n james_n which_o to_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o church_n be_v almost_o lose_v through_o neglect_n wherein_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v prohibit_v to_o alienate_v the_o fee_n of_o their_o church_n 3._o church_n 1_o jac._n ses_fw-fr 1._o c._n 3._o 5._o last_o those_o who_o otherwise_o may_v alienate_v in_o some_o case_n can_v namely_o land_n or_o tenement_n to_o a_o body_n politic_a whether_o ecclesiastical_a or_o secular_a q._n secular_a 7._o e._n 1._o 18._o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o 15._o r._n 2._o c._n 5._o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 221._o q._n without_o obtain_v the_o king_n licence_n for_o alienate_v it_o in_o mortmain_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n religious_a college_n which_o be_v found_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v prohibit_v to_o alienate_v their_o land_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o permission_n 41._o permission_n westminst_n 2_o c._n 41._o 6._o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o he_o who_o be_v not_o owner_n may_v alienate_v for_o a_o creditor_n by_o contract_n may_v alienate_v a_o pawn_n or_o mortgage_n although_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o he_o as_o if_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o the_o beginning_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o creditor_n to_o sell_v the_o pawn_n if_o the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v so_o also_o may_v a_o wife_n apprentice_n or_o any_o other_o servant_n which_o a_o merchant_n appoint_v to_o sell_v commodity_n in_o his_o office_n or_o shop_n 40._o shop_n f._n n._n b._n fol._n 120._o h._n bro._n tit_n contract_n 37._o 40._o or_o any_o other_o person_n who_o have_v command_v from_o the_o owner_n 10._o owner_n new_a book_n of_o entry_n trespass_n in_o agist_n 1._o &_o ejectm_n firm_a 10._o 7._o and_o sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o he_o who_o have_v a_o full_a power_n to_o alienate_v a_o thing_n can_v do_v it_o but_o after_o a_o certain_a form_n or_o manner_n for_o the_o king_n can_v neither_o purchase_v nor_o alienate_v without_o that_o special_a method_n of_o enter_v which_o we_o call_v record_n 553._o record_n blow_n 553._o by_o what_o person_n we_o may_v make_v acquisition_n or_o gain_n to_o ourselves_o tit._n ix_o now_o we_o be_v to_o know_v by_o what_o person_n we_o may_v purchase_v or_o gain_v to_o ourselves_o and_o know_v that_o we_o may_v legal_o by_o ourselves_o our_o wife_n our_o servant_n male_a or_o female_a by_o son_n or_o daughter_n which_o be_v under_o our_o protection_n by_o freeman_n who_o serve_v we_o provide_v their_o deed_n be_v necessary_a and_o warrantable_a and_o approve_a 18._o approve_a brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o n._n 3._o l._n 2_o c._n 11._o n._n 12_o etc._n etc._n 18._o n._n 6._o &_o l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 2._o n._n 12._o brit_n c._n 35._o &_o 38._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 18._o and_o also_o by_o those_o servant_n 12._o servant_n flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 13._o etc._n etc._n 15._o &_o l._n 4._o c._n 11._o etc._n etc._n 12._o who_o be_v not_o under_o our_o power_n as_o well_o as_o by_o those_o who_o be_v provide_v they_o be_v not_o under_o another_o yet_o so_o as_o we_o take_v no_o benefit_n by_o they_o before_o it_o be_v determine_v who_o they_o be_v so_o also_o by_o a_o common_a servant_n and_o that_o as_o well_o by_o another_o as_o one_o own_o which_o we_o do_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la possess_v and_o by_o such_o a_o one_o of_o who_o we_o have_v a_o use_n 1._o and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v also_o by_o procurator_n tutor_n keeper_n or_o guardian_n who_o either_o bargain_n in_o our_o name_n or_o be_v in_o possession_n 15._o possession_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 18._o n._n 6._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 4._o etc._n etc._n 15._o and_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o those_o who_o be_v natural_o deaf_a and_o dumb_a ib._n dumb_a id._n ib._n 2._o the_o son_n and_o daughter_n also_o of_o villain_n which_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o their_o lord_n without_o manumission_n if_o they_o make_v a_o purchase_n without_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o villainage_n have_v no_o heir_n but_o their_o lord_n if_o so_o be_v that_o he_o take_v possession_n of_o such_o tenement_n either_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o villain_n after_o his_o death_n 1._o death_n brac._n l._n 4._o â—r_n 3._o c._n 13._o n._n 1._o of_o ordain_v last_a will_n and_o testament_n tit._n x._o the_o three_o kind_n of_o donation_n which_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o death_n be_v last_o will_n and_o testament_n 57_o testament_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 57_o now_o a_o testament_n be_v the_o determination_n of_o our_o will_n concern_v that_o which_o one_o will_v have_v do_v after_o his_o decease_n testament_n decease_n l._n 1._o de_fw-fr â—_o testament_n and_o it_o be_v double_a viz._n proper_a or_o improper_a that_o which_o be_v proper_o so_o call_v be_v that_o last_o decree_n of_o a_o man_n in_o which_o he_o name_v his_o executor_n 20._o executor_n brc._n test_n 20._o and_o he_o be_v in_o the_o place_n of_o he_o who_o the_o roman_n call_v haeres_fw-la &_o be_v as_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o testament_n 19_o testament_n swim_v par_fw-fr foe_fw-mi 1._o sect._n 3._o n_o 19_o represent_v the_o state_n of_o the_o testator_n that_o which_o be_v improper_o call_v a_o testament_n be_v any_o other_o lasâ—_n will_v whether_o a_o codicel_n or_o donation_n by_o occasion_n of_o death_n or_o letter_n 11._o letter_n valiâ—ius_n in_o come_v sup_v instit_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr testam_fw-la ord_n in_o pri_fw-la n._n 9_o 10_o 11._o and_o either_o of_o these_o may_v be_v twofold_a viz._n either_o write_v or_o nuncupative_a 476._o nuncupative_a perk._n testam_fw-la 476._o but_o land_n can_v be_v give_v by_o a_o nuncupative_n will_n 55._o will_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o coo._n l._n 3._o baker_n case_n foe_z 31._o dier_n fol._n 53._o n._n 13._o &_o fol._n 72._o n._n 2._o &_o fol._n 143._o n._n 54_o 55._o 1._o that_o rigorous_a way_n of_o solemnity_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o make_v of_o will_n be_v long_o since_o abrogate_a by_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o count_v two_o witness_n before_o the_o parish_n priest_n sufficient_a to_o maintain_v or_o prove_v a_o will._n testamentis_fw-la will._n c._n cum_fw-la esses_fw-la 10._o extra_fw-la testamentis_fw-la nor_o do_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n oblige_v so_o much_o as_o the_o decretal_a for_o with_o we_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o pronounce_v a_o will_n before_o two_o freeman_n whether_o clergy_n or_o lay_v 13._o lay_v brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 16._o n._n 2._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 6._o dier_n foe_n 52._o n._n 13._o yet_o our_o sage_n do_v for_o very_o good_a reason_n persuade_v man_n
not_o to_o be_v too_o secure_a or_o negligent_a in_o the_o make_n of_o wi_n 36_o wi_n coo._n l_o 3_o case_n butler_n &_o back_n fol_z 36_o 2._o nay_o so_o irksome_a do_v that_o curiosity_n of_o the_o ancient_n seem_v unto_o we_o that_o we_o esteem_v every_o probation_n of_o a_o will_v equal_v which_o be_v consonant_n with_o that_o original_a simplicity_n of_o jus_n genâ—um_n 25_o genâ—um_n swinb_n part_n 4_o sect_n 25_o nor_o be_v there_o two_o witness_n necessary_o require_v if_o there_o be_v other_o circumstance_n to_o supply_v ah_o supply_v brit_n 28_o foe_o 7_o 7_o ah_o 3._o in_o the_o admit_v or_o reject_v witness_n we_o do_v not_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o as_o the_o heir_n there_o so_o the_o executor_n with_o we_o can_v be_v a_o witness_n yet_o a_o woman_n be_v not_o admit_v 21._o admit_v swim_v part_n 4_o sect._n 21._o nor_o be_v it_o so_o essential_o necessary_a that_o witness_n shall_v be_v interrogated_a in_o their_o give_a testimony_n unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v remove_v by_o other_o exception_n 10._o exception_n id._n part_n 1._o sect._n 10._o 4._o although_o will_n take_v their_o force_n from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n chief_o 413._o chief_o perk._n 555._o plo._n 412_o 413._o yet_o a_o executor_n can_v have_v his_o action_n against_o the_o debtor_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o he_o have_v enter_v the_o will_n and_o procure_v a_o authority_n for_o it_o from_o a_o eccelesiastical_a judg._n 139._o judg._n perk._n 482_o 484_o 486_o brâ—_n execut._n 49_o 19_o 139._o and_o although_o some_o will_v not_o grant_v this_o to_o be_v of_o ancient_a custom_n fine_a custom_n bro._n testam_fw-la in_o fine_a yet_o the_o contrary_n be_v most_o evident_a 57_o evident_a glan_n l_o 7_o c_o 7_o brac._n l_o 2_o c_o 26._o n_o 2._o plo._n 280._o flet._n l_o 2_o c_o 57_o 5._o but_o when_o a_o executor_n come_v to_o a_o judge_n to_o publish_v a_o will_n he_o shall_v upon_o oath_n assert_v that_o he_o do_v believe_v that_o testament_n which_o he_o exhibite_v to_o be_v the_o true_a and_o last_o will_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v and_o that_o at_o a_o time_n limit_v by_o the_o judge_n unless_o he_o be_v then_o prepare_v he_o will_v make_v and_o render_v a_o true_a and_o faithful_a inventory_n of_o all_o and_o singular_a the_o good_n which_o the_o testator_n have_v at_o his_o death_n and_o that_o he_o will_v pay_v debt_n and_o legacy_n and_o render_v a_o just_a account_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o executor-ship_n whensoever_o he_o shall_v by_o the_o judge_n be_v require_v thereunto_o memor_fw-la thereunto_o lym._n prov_n de_fw-fr testat_fw-la c._n stat_fw-la bene_fw-la memor_fw-la and_o this_o finish_v he_o become_v the_o same_o person_n with_o the_o testator_n 3._o testator_n 9_o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o nor_o do_v he_o only_o challenge_v all_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o testator_n but_o render_v himself_o also_o liable_a to_o his_o debt_n according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o estate_n receive_v 6._o receive_v 13_o e._n 1._o c._n 35._o dier_n fol._n 187._o n._n 6._o 6._o if_o there_o be_v many_o executor_n name_v they_o may_v all_o if_o they_o please_v undertake_v the_o office_n but_o if_o one_o only_o be_v willing_a he_o may_v do_v it_o 486._o it_o perk._n 486._o 7._o but_o if_o any_o one_o die_v have_v make_v a_o will_n and_o yet_o not_o name_v any_o executor_n oâ—_n otherwise_o altogether_o intestate_a the_o proper_a care_n belong_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n for_o that_o he_o be_v liable_a to_o all_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v as_o far_o as_o the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n will_v extend_v d._n extend_v 13._o e._n 1._o st._n 2._o c._n 17._o 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o n._n 2._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 6._o dyer_n f._n 232._o n._n 5._o &_o 171._o n._n 26._o f._n n._n â—_o fol._n 120._o d._n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o commit_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o good_n to_o the_o widow_n or_o next_o of_o kinne_n or_o at_o least_o to_o such_o a_o party_n as_o will_v undertake_v it_o and_o put_v in_o good_a security_n both_o to_o administer_v faithful_o and_o to_o preserve_v the_o ordinary_a harmless_a 11._o harmless_a 31._o e._n 3._o c._n 11._o and_o here_o also_o he_o be_v to_o make_v oath_n as_o far_o as_o he_o know_v or_o believe_v that_o the_o party_n decease_v dye_v exhibit_v a_o will_n in_o which_o there_o be_v not_o any_o executor_n name_v or_o who_o executor_n name_v refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o office_n or_o if_o the_o case_n require_v it_o that_o he_o die_v whole_o intestate_a and_o further_o that_o he_o will_v make_v and_o exhibit_v a_o just_a and_o fatihfull_a inventory_n that_o he_o will_v according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n he_o shall_v receive_v pay_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o party_n dead_a and_o the_o portion_n also_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o overplus_n assign_v by_o the_o judge_n to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o party_n decease_a if_o he_o have_v any_o left_a or_o to_o the_o residue_n of_o his_o kindred_n and_o last_o that_o he_o will_v render_v a_o just_a account_n of_o his_o office_n when_o the_o judge_n shall_v require_v it_o which_o be_v finish_v he_o oblige_v himself_o with_o good_a security_n to_o a_o due_a administration_n of_o the_o good_n and_o be_v at_o length_n make_v administrator_n 46._o administrator_n dyer_n foe_n 294._o n._n 7._o &_o foe_fw-mi 339._o n._n 46._o when_o he_o receive_v letter_n of_o administration_n under_o the_o authentic_a seal_n of_o the_o ordinary_a 8._o but_o here_o it_o be_v question_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o case_n no_o one_o will_v be_v executor_n or_o administrator_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o judge_n ought_v to_o sequester_v the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a and_o call_v the_o creditor_n together_o by_o his_o command_n give_v they_o satisfaction_n as_o the_o law_n prescribe_v 277._o prescribe_v perk._n 483._o bro._n testa_n 20._o &_o execut._n 90._o &_o 117._o fle._n l._n 2._o c._n 62._o dyer_n fol._n 232._o n._n 5._o &_o fol._n 256._o n._n 8._o &_o fol._n 160._o n._n 42._o plo._n fol._n 277._o 9_o but_o who_o be_v competent_a judge_n in_o this_o case_n true_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n where_o the_o party_n dye_v be_v regular_o yet_o there_o be_v other_o as_o well_o lay_v as_o clergyman_n who_o have_v the_o prescription_n of_o this_o privilege_n or_o liberty_n as_o we_o call_v it_o or_o else_o a_o grant_n of_o it_o be_v by_o ancient_a charter_n 11._o charter_n perk._n 486._o dr._n stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 28._o swim_v de_fw-fr test_n part_n 6._o sec._n 11._o i_o say_v regular_o because_o it_o be_v true_a in_o case_n the_o party_n decease_v have_v not_o a_o estate_n or_o good_n in_o sundry_a diocesles_fw-mi ib._n diocesles_fw-mi swim_v ib._n for_o if_o so_o than_o the_o probation_n and_o publication_n belong_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n or_o york_n if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o york_n by_o prerogative_n 489._o prerogative_n lym._n provin_n statut._n de_fw-fr testa_fw-la perk._n 489._o 10._o when_o we_o affirm_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n competent_a judge_n we_o intend_v the_o same_o also_o of_o his_o official_o whether_o he_o be_v vicar_n general_a or_o commissary_n 12._o commissary_n bro._n testam_fw-la 12._o or_o archdeacon_n who_o by_o prescription_n or_o composition_n claim_v this_o power_n 493_o power_n id._n ib._n 25._o perk._n 492_o 493_o of_o the_o military_a testament_n tit._n xi_o our_o law_n do_v not_o permit_v any_o privilege_n to_o that_o testamentum_fw-la militare_fw-la which_o no_o pagan_a law_n deny_v to_o last_o will_n 18._o will_n swim_v part_n 1._o sect._n 19_o &_o part_v 4_o sect._n 17_o 18._o for_o that_o all_o those_o roman_a subtlety_n be_v dissolve_v into_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o nation_n who_o they_o be_v that_o may_v make_v a_o will._n tit._n xii_o some_o there_o be_v who_o by_o our_o law_n be_v absolute_o prohibit_v to_o make_v a_o will_n and_o some_o who_o be_v prohibit_v as_o to_o certain_a thing_n only_o 1._o a_o infant_n be_v absolute_o forbid_v but_o in_o this_o case_n infant_n be_v take_v double_o viz._n a_o male_a under_o fourteen_o and_o a_o female_a under_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n otherwise_o under_o twenty_o one_o for_o both_o sex_n those_o of_o the_o former_a rank_n can_v make_v a_o will_n at_o all_o 503._o all_o swim_v part_n 2._o sect._n 2._o perk._n 503._o these_o of_o the_o late_a may_v of_o chattel_n but_o not_o of_o land_n in_o fee_n 12._o fee_n 34._o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o dr._n &_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 12._o unless_o any_o particular_a custom_n of_o a_o particular_a place_n permit_v it_o 504._o it_o perk._n 504._o 2._o a_o idiot_n 5._o idiot_n 34._o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o viz._n such_o a_o one_o who_o
can_v give_v a_o reasonable_a answer_n to_o any_o ordinary_a and_o easy_a question_n 4._o question_n swim_v patt_fw-mi 2._o sect._n 4._o also_o a_o servant_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n by_o which_o he_o be_v forbid_v to_o give_v whilst_o live_v 5._o live_v sup._n title_n donation_n s._n 5._o can_v dispose_v of_o nothing_o by_o his_o last_o will_n who_o possession_n be_v seize_v on_o by_o his_o lord_n 43._o lord_n perk._n 29._o dr._n and_o stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 43._o or_o claim_v by_o word_n only_o 50_o only_o bre._n villain_n 50_o unless_o in_o case_n that_o he_o be_v executor_n to_o another_o in_o which_o case_n he_o may_v constitute_v another_o his_o eextutor_n even_o against_o the_o will_n of_o his_o lord_n for_o that_o the_o good_n which_o be_v contingent_a to_o this_o office_n be_v not_o he_o to_o his_o own_o use_n but_o to_o another_o 73._o another_o id._n ib._n 68_o 73._o so_o also_o a_o captive_n because_o himself_o possess_v nothing_o but_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o another_o 5._o another_o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o n._n 5._o which_o be_v true_a likewise_o in_o those_o who_o we_o call_v outlawed_n 9_o outlawed_n id._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la c._n 13._o dr._n and_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o and_o l_o 2._o c._n 9_o 3._o moreover_o he_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n have_v not_o a_o power_n to_o make_v a_o will_n because_o if_o he_o be_v afterward_o convict_v of_o that_o crime_n he_o forfeit_v what_o ever_o he_o possess_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o treason_n commit_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o exchequer_n 3._o exchequer_n 5._o e._n 6._o c_o 11._o swn_n par_fw-fr 2._o sect._n 12._o 1._o r._n 3._o c._n 3._o nor_o he_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o felony_n but_o here_o we_o must_v distinguish_v for_o if_o such_o a_o one_o die_v before_o conviction_n he_o may_v by_o he_o will_v bequeath_v both_o his_o land_n and_o chattel_n or_o if_o he_o be_v obstinate_a before_o the_o tribunal_n and_o refuse_v to_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o trial_n of_o god_n and_o his_o country_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o shall_v stand_v mute_a for_o in_o this_o case_n if_o he_o die_v intestate_a he_o reseru_v his_o land_n entire_a to_o his_o next_o heir_n or_o if_o testate_a he_o may_v dispose_v of_o they_o to_o who_o he_o please_v and_o forfeit_v his_o chattel_n only_o moreover_o if_o he_o be_v convict_v he_o lose_v his_o land_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o fact_n commit_v but_o his_o chattel_n only_o from_o the_o time_n of_o his_o conviction_n so_o that_o before_o conviction_n he_o may_v give_v they_o or_o alienate_v they_o at_o pleasure_n 117._o pleasure_n swim_v par_fw-fr 2._o s._n 17._o bro._n forfeiture_n 5._o 28._o 65._o 89._o 103._o 113._o 117._o 4_o he_o that_o murder_v himself_o be_v by_o we_o term_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la and_o have_v no_o other_o successor_n as_o to_o his_o chattel_n but_o the_o exchequer_n 31._o exchequer_n bract._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 2._o c._n 31._o yet_o it_o be_v much_o doubt_v at_o this_o day_n whether_o he_o forfeit_v his_o land_n or_o not_o 3._o not_o stan._n pl._n cor_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 3._o but_o that_o his_o chattel_n come_v into_o the_o exchequer_n be_v out_o of_o question_n mur._n question_n see_v tit_n mur._n 5._o a_o heretic_n by_o our_o ancient_a law_n can_v not_o make_v a_o will_n 7._o will_n 2._o h._n 5._o c._n 7._o but_o that_o law_n be_v now_o abrogate_a 12._o abrogate_a 1._o e._n 6._o c._n 12._o so_o that_o here_o we_o have_v nothing_o certain_a but_o what_o we_o receive_v from_o the_o canon_n law_n 6_o a_o notorious_a usurer_n if_o he_o exact_v above_o ten_o pound_n per_n cent_n per_fw-la a_o be_v liable_a to_o all_o the_o punishment_n which_o the_o canon_n law_n inflict_v 8._o inflict_v 13._o eliz._n c._n 8._o and_o therefore_o seem_v incapable_a of_o make_v a_o will._n 16._o will._n swim_v par_fw-fr 2._o s._n 16._o 7_o feme_fw-fr covert_n be_v absolute_o prohibit_v to_o dispose_v of_o land_n of_o inheritance_n by_o her_o last_o will_n 5._o will_n 34._o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o or_o of_o good_n or_o chattel_n without_o the_o licence_n of_o her_o husband_n 51_o husband_n swim_v par_fw-fr 2._o s._n 9_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o n_o 1._o cou._n ognel_n case_n 51_o unless_o she_o be_v a_o executrix_n of_o a_o former_a husband_n or_o of_o any_o other_o person_n before_o she_o entermarried_a with_o this_o husband_n or_o have_v any_o title_n to_o any_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o yet_o unpaid_a for_o in_o these_o case_n she_o may_v dispose_v of_o the_o good_n by_o will_n which_o he_o have_v by_o reason_n of_o that_o office_n or_o by_o right_a of_o action_n and_o constitute_v either_o her_o husband_n or_o any_o one_o else_o her_o executor_n 502._o executor_n bro._n testa_n 9_o 11._o 13._o and._n execut._n 132._o 175._o 178._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 5._o perk._n 502._o but_o if_o we_o believe_v bracton_n it_o be_v a_o opinion_n that_o a_o wife_n may_v make_v a_o will_n and_o dispose_v of_o her_o reasonable_a part_n which_o she_o shall_v have_v have_v if_o she_o have_v survive_v her_o husband_n and_o especial_o of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v permit_v or_o give_v she_o for_o ornament_n which_o they_o call_v she_o own_o as_o robe_n and_o jewel_n 57_o jewel_n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o n._n 1._o f._n n._n b._n foe_n 122._o flet._n l._n 2_o c._n 57_o but_o this_o law_n be_v either_o customary_a in_o some_o particular_a place_n or_o else_o it_o be_v long_o since_o vanish_v 8_o last_o they_o which_o enter_v into_o religion_n can_v make_v a_o will_n for_o to_o those_o good_n which_o they_o dispose_v not_o of_o before_o entrance_n their_o next_o of_o kin_n succeed_v as_o if_o they_o have_v die_v intestate_a 9_o intestate_a bro._n testam_fw-la 9_o but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o of_o ecclesiastic_a seculer_o who_o good_n be_v by_o the_o custâ—â—e_fw-la of_o england_n repute_v lay_v whether_o they_o be_v acquire_v from_o the_o church_n or_o otherwise_o 39_o otherwise_o dr._n and._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 39_o so_o also_o be_v corn_n grow_v upon_o glebe_n land_n and_o not_o yet_o gather_v 11._o gather_v 28._o h._n 8._o c._n 11._o 9_o the_o king_n however_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o make_v a_o will_n can_v by_o his_o testament_n dispose_v of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o the_o good_n of_o his_o kingdom_n viz._n his_o crown_n or_o regalia_z to_z another_z 28._o another_z fitz._n abridg_n devise_v 5._o and_o execut._n 108._o swim_v p._n 2._o sect._n 28._o 10._o a_o bishop_n or_o abbot_n in_o regard_n their_o barony_n be_v of_o the_o alm_n and_o charity_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o predecessor_n can_v alienate_v any_o part_n of_o their_o demesne_n as_o to_o the_o remainder_n without_o the_o assent_n and_o confirmation_n of_o the_o king_n 1._o king_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 1._o 11._o so_o also_o a_o bishop_n dean_n or_o master_n of_o any_o society_n be_v prohibit_v to_o make_v a_o will_n of_o any_o of_o those_o good_n which_o they_o hold_v in_o common_a with_o the_o chapter_n and_o society_n 499._o society_n dr._n and_o stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 39_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 14._o perk._n 469._o 497._o 499._o of_o the_o disinheriting_a of_o child_n tit._n xiii_o our_o law_n remit_v that_o positive_a disinherit_n of_o child_n to_o which_o the_o roman_a law_n oblige_v their_o citizen_n to_o the_o affection_n of_o parent_n which_o it_o presume_v nature_n to_o have_v engrave_v so_o firm_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v root_v out_o but_o by_o the_o extreme_a debeauchery_n of_o child_n wherefore_o every_o one_o have_v a_o free_a power_n of_o dispose_n of_o his_o good_n whether_o moveable_n or_o immovables_n and_o those_o whether_o purchase_v or_o descend_v from_o ancestor_n certain_a unless_o it_o be_v of_o fee-tail_n for_o that_o can_v be_v dispose_v of_o but_o where_o the_o entail_v be_v cut_v off_o by_o fine_a and_o recovery_n fines_n recovery_n 4._o h._n 7._o c._n 24._o 32._o h._n 8._o c._n â—_o blow_n 356_o etc._n etc._n &_o coo._n l_o 3._o case_n of_o fines_n 1._o yet_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o our_o law_n do_v scarce_o hold_v it_o lawful_a for_o a_o man_n to_o bequeath_v by_o his_o will_n a_o inheritance_n receive_v from_o his_o ancestor_n to_o any_o one_o but_o the_o next_o heir_n under_o which_o notion_n they_o will_v lay_v the_o burden_n of_o the_o father_n debt_n upon_o the_o heir_n 34._o heir_n glan_n l._n 6._o c._n 17._o &_o 18._o &_o l._n 7._o c._n 1._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 36._o n._n 1._o &_o â—rit_n c._n 34._o but_o our_o late_a time_n have_v provide_v a_o sufficient_a remedy_n for_o this_o 1._o this_o 3â—_n h._n â—_o c._n 1._o and_o therefore_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o at_o this_o day_n liable_a to_o the_o debt_n of_o his_o
ancestor_n unless_o he_o be_v special_o mention_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o contract_n and_o have_v a_o estate_n sufficient_a descend_v 2._o bracton_n 418._o bracton_n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o n._n 1._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 8._o blow_n fol._n 418._o make_v this_o distribution_n of_o chattel_n viz._n that_o debt_n be_v pay_v the_o overplus_n shall_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n whereof_z one_o to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o child_n the_o other_o to_o to_o the_o wife_n and_o the_o three_o at_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o child_n than_o one_o half_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o wife_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o wife_n than_o one_o moiety_n to_o the_o child_n and_o the_o other_o as_o the_o testator_n shall_v please_v but_o this_o rather_o seem_v to_o be_v counsel_n then_o law_n for_o a_o little_a after_o in_o the_o same_o place_n he_o say_v that_o neither_o the_o wife_n nor_o child_n ought_v to_o take_v more_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o father_n or_o husband_n decease_v than_o what_o be_v particular_o bequeath_v unto_o they_o except_o it_o be_v upon_o some_o special_a grace_n as_o have_v merit_v extraordinary_o of_o he_o in_o his_o life_n time_n and_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n namely_o because_o there_o will_v scarce_o be_v find_v any_o one_o who_o will_v endeavour_v to_o lay_v up_o much_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v compel_v at_o his_o death_n to_o leave_v it_o to_o illiterate_a or_o debauch_a child_n or_o to_o a_o ill_a wife_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o in_o this_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o free_a power_n for_o by_o this_o they_o prevent_v vice_n and_o encourage_v virtue_n and_o give_v occasion_n both_o to_o wife_n and_o child_n of_o well_o do_v which_o can_v not_o be_v if_o they_o know_v undoubted_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o certain_a portion_n whether_o the_o testator_n will_v or_o not_o of_o the_o institute_n of_o heir_n tit._n fourteen_o the_o civillian_n and_o we_o have_v a_o different_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n heir_n for_o they_o call_v he_o a_o heir_n who_o the_o testator_n nominate_v in_o his_o will_n ordinand_n will_n inst_z de_fw-fr testam_fw-la ordinand_n and_o we_o he_o who_o be_v next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o party_n decease_v to_o who_o a_o fee_n do_v of_o right_o belong_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n 119._o ancestor_n glan_n l._n 7_o c._n 1._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 33._o â—_o 3._o brit._n c._n 118_o 119._o so_o that_o we_o affirm_v it_o be_v not_o man_n but_o god_n who_o make_v heir_n ib._n heir_n glan_n &_o brit._n ib._n and_o that_o here_o be_v come_v from_o hereditate_fw-la where_o succession_n be_v by_o right_a of_o blood_n ib._n blood_n brit._n ib._n nor_o do_v we_o call_v all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v his_o inheritance_n but_o only_o his_o fee_n or_o at_o lest_o those_o land_n &_o tenement_n with_o all_o thing_n corporal_a and_o incorporal_a which_o the_o party_n decease_v hold_v by_o a_o perpetual_a right_n ib._n right_n jidem_fw-la ib._n wherefore_o it_o be_v necessity_n which_o in_o some_o sort_n constitute_v a_o heir_n who_o as_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o succeed_v his_o ancestor_n in_o the_o premise_n even_o against_o his_o will_n so_o be_v he_o oblige_v to_o pay_v his_o debt_n if_o he_o have_v asset_n sufficient_a and_o the_o chattel_n do_v not_o suffice_v 1._o suffice_v glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 7._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o n._n 1._o as_o we_o have_v in_o part_n declare_v before_o 1._o wherefore_o a_o heir_n with_o we_o do_v not_o succeed_v to_o the_o universal_a right_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v but_o to_o the_o fee_n assign_v only_o for_o as_o to_o the_o dispose_n of_o chattel_n man_n nominate_v their_o executor_n according_a to_o their_o pleasure_n 10_o pleasure_n glan_n l._n 7._o â—_o 6_o brac._n ib._n dr._n stu_fw-la l_o 2_o c_o 10_o who_o as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o patrimony_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o heir_n and_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n if_o at_o least_o they_o accept_v the_o office_n 122_o office_n bro_n executor_n 5_o 21_o 22_o 57_o 77_o 84_o 122_o so_o that_o they_o may_v convert_v all_o those_o good_n which_o be_v not_o bequeath_v to_o their_o own_o use_n 943_o use_n blow_n 943_o and_o take_v even_o the_o clothes_n of_o the_o widow_n if_o they_o be_v more_o rich_a and_o sumptuous_a than_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o husband_n will_v bear_v 19_o bear_v bro._n ib_o 19_o a_o executor_n may_v also_o be_v ordain_v either_o absosolute_o or_o upon_o condition_n 45_o condition_n id._n ib_o 9_o &_o administrat_fw-la 1_n &_o 45_o and_o either_o from_o a_o certain_a time_n or_o after_o a_o certain_a time_n 155_o time_n bro_n exec_n 155_o and_o either_o universal_o or_o particular_o 8_o particular_o id_fw-la ib_fw-la 2_o and_o 155_o l_o dier_n foe_n 3_o 4_o n_z 7_o 8_o and_o in_o the_o first_o degree_n or_o by_o substitution_n ibid._n substitution_n id_fw-la ibid._n and_o either_o one_o or_o more_o 117_o more_o id_fw-la ibid._n 13_o 24_o 38_o 117_o 3._o and_o those_o may_v be_v executor_n who_o the_o testator_n shall_v constitute_v whether_o they_o be_v stranger_n or_o parent_n of_o kin_n or_o not_o of_o kin_n 2_o kin_n brac_n l_o 2_o c_o 26_o n_o 2_o and_o not_o only_o those_o who_o be_v free_a but_o servant_n also_o and_o those_o whether_o our_o own_o or_o of_o other_o 68_o other_o lit_n l_o 2_o c_o 11_o bro_n villain_n 68_o nor_o only_a layman_n but_o even_o of_o the_o clergy_n also_o and_o religious_a 77_o religious_a bro_n ib_o 68_o 77_o if_o they_o have_v the_o permission_n of_o their_o superior_n 47_o superior_n fitz._n abrid_n execut_n 47_o so_o also_o may_v woman_n throughout_o woman_n bro._n execut_n throughout_o and_o infant_n 15_o infant_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la 15_o and_o in_o fine_a all_o who_o be_v not_o express_o forbid_v by_o the_o law_n 4_o law_n glan_n l_o 7_o c_o 6_o 4_o 4._o not_o that_o any_o one_o be_v against_o his_o will_n force_v upon_o this_o office_n but_o that_o he_o that_o will_n may_v refuse_v and_o he_o who_o have_v once_o refuse_v may_v notwithstanding_o afterward_o undertake_v it_o 85._o it_o bro_n ib_o 38._o 117_o perk_n 4_o 85._o though_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o he_o can_v during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o co-executor_n 42._o co-executor_n dier_n foe_n 160_o n_o 42._o but_o be_v once_o undertake_v it_o can_v be_v lay_v down_o again_o and_o the_o undertake_n of_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v when_o he_o do_v under_o that_o name_n intermeddle_v with_o any_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n 11._o testator_n id._n f._n 166._o n._n 10._o 11._o if_o a_o executor_n die_v before_o the_o will_v prove_v than_o administration_n of_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o ordinary_a to_o the_o widow_n or_o next_o kinsman_n of_o the_o testator_n who_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o dispose_v of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n according_a to_o the_o will_n unless_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o good_n after_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n be_v bequeath_v unto_o he_o for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o executor_n of_o that_o executor_n may_v just_o challenge_v administration_n which_o the_o will_v annex_v 8._o annex_v id._n foe_o 172_o n._n 8._o of_o the_o ordinary_a substitution_n tit._n xv._o substitution_n be_v of_o no_o small_a use_n with_o we_o though_o we_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o this_o follow_v the_o precept_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n yet_o we_o can_v so_o free_o dispose_v of_o those_o fee_n which_o we_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n by_o our_o testament_n but_o that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o leave_v a_o three_o part_n to_o the_o heir_n 7_o heir_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 7_o but_o for_o those_o which_o we_o hold_v in_o soccage_n not_o entail_v 30._o entail_v brac._n l._n 2_o c._n 30._o or_o tie_v by_o any_o particular_a custom_n ib._n custom_n glan_n ib._n we_o may_v bequeath_v they_o to_o who_o we_o will_v whether_o to_o a_o kinsman_n or_o stranger_n 1._o stranger_n 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o provide_v we_o hold_v no_o other_o land_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight_n service_n and_o in_o each_o of_o these_o case_n we_o may_v make_v substitution_n either_o vulgariter_fw-la as_o they_o term_v it_o or_o pupillariter_fw-la now_o this_o substitution_n be_v nothing_o else_o than_o the_o add_v of_o a_o condition_n which_o we_o common_o call_v tail_n namely_o a_o limitation_n of_o heir_n to_o who_o we_o intend_v to_o have_v the_o land_n descend_v from_o the_o testator_n or_o remain_v or_o otherwise_o revert_v to_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n 1._o yet_o be_v not_o this_o substitution_n the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n
upon_o their_o denial_n then_o of_o any_o two_o honest_a man_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o take_v true_a and_o faithful_a inventory_n of_o all_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n movable_n &_o immovables_n which_o the_o party_n decease_v have_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n and_o to_o write_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o say_a good_n just_o apprize_v in_o 2._o charter_n or_o table_n indent_v the_o one_o to_o be_v reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o other_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o ordinary_a but_o if_o the_o testator_n have_v appoint_v any_o of_o his_o land_n or_o tenement_n to_o be_v sell_v the_o money_n or_o profit_n thence_o arise_v be_v not_o to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o inventory_n 9_o inventory_n 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o swinb_n part_n 6._o sect._n 9_o 2._o but_o the_o heir_n be_v oblige_v to_o satisfy_v the_o debt_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o the_o chattel_n will_v not_o suffice_v to_o do_v sup_n do_v glan_n &_o brac._n ubi_fw-la sup_n yet_o if_o the_o whole_a estate_n of_o the_o testator_n will_v not_o suffice_v to_o pay_v debt_n then_o the_o king_n prerogative_n except_v there_o use_v in_o former_a time_n to_o be_v a_o defalcation_n every_o where_n ib._n where_n brac._n ib._n 3._o and_o even_o at_o this_o instant_n the_o law_n be_v that_o legacy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v pay_v before_o debt_n be_v satisfy_v for_o in_o such_o case_n the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o creditor_n out_o of_o his_o own_o estate_n 488._o estate_n dr._n &_o stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o bro._n execut._n 116._o perk._n 488._o yet_o be_v he_o not_o tie_v to_o pay_v every_o one_o that_o demand_v a_o debt_n but_o those_o only_o against_o who_o the_o testator_n have_v he_o live_v can_v not_o have_v wage_v his_o law_n 55._o law_n bro._n ib._n 79._o 87._o 127._o 163._o 172._o dr._n &_o stu_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 11._o plo._n 181._o dyer_n fol._n 23._o n._n 144_o 145_o &_o fol._n 80._o n._n 53_o 54_o 55._o 4._o the_o ancient_a law_n seem_v to_o be_v somewhat_o change_v as_o to_o the_o privilege_n of_o creditor_n yet_o even_o now_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o executor_n may_v in_o the_o first_o place_n allow_v moderate_a funeral_n charge_n and_o then_o satisfy_v creditor_n according_a as_o the_o law_n prescribe_v and_o of_o those_o the_o king_n be_v first_o by_o his_o prerogative_n 18._o prerogative_n mag._n char._n c._n 18._o next_o he_o those_o to_o who_o the_o testator_n be_v oblige_v by_o statute-merchant_n or_o recognisance_n in_o the_o three_o place_n those_o who_o have_v judgement_n against_o the_o testator_n 16._o testator_n swinb_n part_n 6._o sect._n 16._o four_o penal_a obligation_n 172._o obligation_n bro._n ib._n n._n 88_o 172._o and_o of_o these_o those_o have_v priority_n who_o day_n for_o payment_n be_v lapse_v 54._o lapse_v dyer_n foe_n 80._o n._n 54._o and_o of_o those_o if_o there_o be_v many_o they_o who_o sue_v first_o but_o if_o they_o commence_v their_o suit_n together_o or_o that_o day_n of_o payment_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o executor_n to_o gratify_v who_o he_o please_v next_o to_o penal_a obligation_n follow_v simple_a bill_n super_fw-la bill_n swinb_n ubi_fw-la super_fw-la as_o we_o call_v they_o and_o last_o contract_v without_o writing_n against_o which_o the_o testator_n can_v not_o wage_v his_o law_n as_o servant_n salary_n and_o rent_n of_o land_n or_o house_n whereof_o the_o testator_n be_v lessee_n for_o year_n or_o life_n and_o the_o like_a 163._o like_a bro_n ib._n n._n 33._o 87._o 127._o 163._o but_o as_o for_o make_v contract_n executor_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o pay_v they_o ib._n they_o id._n ib._n yet_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o these_o have_v their_o remedy_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o promise_n of_o the_o testator_n execut._n testator_n term_n v._o execut._n 5._o if_o a_o creditor_n be_v make_v executor_n he_o may_v in_o the_o first_o place_n satisfy_v himself_o after_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o other_o creditor_n out_o of_o the_o residue_n 185._o residue_n blow_n fol._n 185._o 6._o if_o after_o debt_n pay_v there_o remain_v enough_o to_o satisfy_v legacy_n every_o legatee_n may_v of_o right_a claim_n his_o whole_a legacy_n otherwise_o only_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o all_o the_o legacy_n yet_o so_o that_o the_o executor_n may_v first_o deduct_v charge_n bonafide_fw-la expend_v and_o desperate_a debt_n but_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o lex_fw-la falcidia_fw-la we_o have_v not_o any_o thing_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n in_o that_o nature_n require_v from_o the_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n but_o as_o to_o those_o good_n which_o be_v not_o devise_v they_o be_v convertible_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o executor_n 525._o executor_n perk._n 525._o 7._o executor_n of_o executor_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n debt_n unless_o his_o good_n appear_v to_o be_v full_o administer_v by_o their_o testator_n 5._o testator_n dyer_n foe_n 174._o n._n 21_o &_o 22._o 25._o ed._n 3._o stat._n 5._o c._n 5._o of_o those_o trustee_n which_o the_o romanâ—_n call_v fidei_fw-la commissarii_fw-la haeredes_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la sanatusconsultum_fw-la trebellianum_fw-la tit._n xxiii_o these_o inheritance_n be_v out_o of_o use_n with_o we_o yet_o those_o trust_n be_v something_o parallel_v to_o they_o by_o which_o we_o be_v use_v to_o give_v our_o land_n to_o stranger_n to_o the_o use_n of_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n or_o to_o private_a person_n to_o the_o use_n and_o profit_n of_o a_o body_n politic_a but_o those_o invention_n of_o uses_n be_v injurious_a to_o the_o prince_n and_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n 123._o manor_n coo._n l._n 1._o shudleys_n case_n fol._n 123._o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n either_o whole_o take_v away_o or_o at_o least_o for_o the_o most_o part_n alter_v 10._o alter_v 1._o r._n 3._o c._n 1._o 4_o h._n 7._o c._n 7._o 27._o h._n 8._o c._n 10._o of_o thing_n leave_v per_fw-la fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la tit._n xxiv_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v by_o the_o roman_n term_v fidei_fw-la commissa_fw-la except_v those_o which_o be_v appoint_v to_o the_o next_o title_n we_o have_v no_o mention_n in_o our_o law_n they_o be_v leave_v whole_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n definition_n of_o codicill_n tit._n xxv_o the_o term_n codicillus_fw-la be_v seldom_o use_v with_o we_o wherefore_o in_o this_o we_o only_o follow_v that_o which_o we_o borrow_v from_o the_o civil_a and_o common_a law_n unless_o it_o contain_v either_o a_o fee_n or_o a_o freehold_n in_o which_o case_n they_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v only_o before_o a_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n and_o to_o receive_v their_o interpretation_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o institutes_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n of_o inheritance_n which_o be_v convey_v from_o such_o as_o die_v even_o intestate_a tit._n i._n there_o be_v also_o another_o way_n of_o gain_v dominion_n which_o be_v by_o succession_n and_o which_o happen_v to_o all_o heir_n of_o such_o thing_n whereof_o their_o ancestor_n dye_v seize_v in_o fee_n or_o whereof_o they_o be_v at_o any_o time_n seize_v as_o of_o fee_n by_o right_o of_o inheritance_n without_o have_v alienate_v they_o and_o this_o descent_n ought_v to_o be_v to_o the_o next_o heir_n male_n or_o female_n in_o a_o direct_a or_o transverse_a line_n wherefore_o right_o like_o all_o heavy_a thing_n fall_v downward_o direct_o or_o transverse_o nor_o do_v it_o ever_o ascend_v 〈◊〉_d same_o way_n by_o which_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n it_o descend_v yet_o do_v it_o collateral_o ascend_v sometime_o for_o want_v of_o heir_n to_o who_o 〈◊〉_d may_v descend_v 2._o descend_v glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 1._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 29._o n._n 1._o dr._n and_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o and_o c._n 2._o 1._o a_o right_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n wheresoever_o bear_v whether_o in_o the_o womb_n or_o beyond_o 〈◊〉_d on_o this_o side_n the_o sea_n and_o that_o whether_o within_o or_o without_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n provide_v his_o parent_n be_v the_o king_n liege_n people_n and_o that_o the_o mother_n go_v over_o sea_n with_o her_o husband_n leave_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n create_v to_o himself_o a_o heir_n because_o god_n only_o make_v they_o and_o because_o haeres_fw-la be_v not_o ab_fw-la haereditate_fw-la but_o haereditas_fw-la ab_fw-la herede_fw-la 2._o now_o inheritance_n be_v a_o succession_n to_o the_o whole_a right_n which_o the_o ancestor_n decease_v have_v in_o fee_n upon_o what_o cause_n soever_o whether_o by_o acquisition_n or_o succession_n with_o seisin_n or_o without_o and_o if_o by_o seisin_n then_o at_o whatsoever_o he_o be_v
kitchen_n tit_n escheat_n f._n 110._o of_o the_o tertullian_n decree_n tit._n 3._o we_o in_o the_o case_n of_o fee_n follow_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n which_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n suffer_v a_o ascend_n from_o child_n to_o parent_n 1._o parent_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 29._o n._n 1._o wherefore_o if_o this_o seem_v harsh_a to_o any_o one_o we_o shall_v wish_v he_o a_o tertuilian_n or_o claudius_n to_o persuade_v our_o senate_n to_o the_o contrary_n of_o the_o orphitian_n decree_n tit._n iu._n child_n with_o we_o do_v equal_o succeed_v to_o inheritance_n come_v from_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n side_n and_o that_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n and_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n 9_o degree_n flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 9_o wherefore_o we_o have_v no_o need_n here_o of_o a_o orphitius_n of_o the_o succession_n of_o cousin_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n tit._n v._n the_o roman_n call_v those_o particular_o cognati_fw-la which_o be_v ally_v by_o the_o female_a side_n affinitatis_fw-la side_n ult._n s._n 1._o â—_o de_fw-fr gradibus_fw-la affinitatis_fw-la but_o there_o remain_v nothing_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o they_o the_o two_o former_a title_n be_v consider_v book_n consider_v viz._n the_o first_o and_o second_o of_o this_o book_n where_o we_o have_v show_v that_o these_o be_v never_o to_o succeed_v as_o heir_n but_o for_o default_n of_o heir_n on_o the_o father_n side_n which_o be_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o most_o remote_a cousin_n on_o the_o father_n side_n descend_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n but_o not_o in_o a_o collateral_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o near_a on_o the_o mother_n side_n for_o the_o great_a great_a grandchild_n of_o my_o â—â—neall_a niece_n or_o of_o my_o sister_n shall_v succeed_v 〈◊〉_d before_o my_o son_n or_o daughter_n cousin-german_a 31._o cousin-german_a bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 30._o and_o 31._o 1._o this_o brief_o i_o think_v also_o to_o insert_v that_o 〈◊〉_d default_n of_o heir_n in_o a_o right_a line_n descend_v 〈◊〉_d in_o each_o collateral_a line_n the_o land_n shall_v escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n 143._o fee_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 17._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 29._o n._n 1._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o f._n n._n b._n 143._o of_o the_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n tit._n vi_o have_v mention_v degree_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v â—n_a possibility_n of_o succession_n and_o who_o be_v prefer_v before_o other_o in_o succession_n from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o the_o same_o line_n to_o the_o last_o 2._o last_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 31._o n._n 2._o 1._o in_o the_o right_a line_n ascend_v be_v these_o grandfather_n great_a grandfather_n the_o great_a grandfather_n father_n the_o great_a grandfather_n grandfather_n the_o great_a grandfather_n great_a grandfather_n and_o so_o ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la 2._o infinitum_fw-la id._n ib._n flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 2._o 2._o in_o the_o right_a line_n descend_v father_n and_o mother_n be_v first_o which_o make_v the_o common_a root_n than_o son_n and_o daughter_n the_o nephew_n and_o niece_n and_o so_o ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la ib._n infinitum_fw-la brac._n and_o flet._n ib._n 3._o in_o the_o collateral_a line_n ascend_v brother_n or_o sister_n of_o father_n or_o mother_n make_v the_o second_o degree_n and_o so_o their_o heir_n ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la ib._n infinitum_fw-la id._n ib._n 4._o in_o the_o collateral_a line_n descend_v be_v brother_n and_o sister_n and_o their_o heir_n ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la ib._n infinitum_fw-la id._n ib._n of_o the_o consanguinity_n of_o those_o who_o be_v servile_a tit._n vii_o this_o title_n be_v with_o the_o ancient_a civilian_n reckon_v as_o part_n of_o the_o former_a title_n former_a wesenb_n in_o the_o same_o title_n noâ—_n do_v our_o law_n determine_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o case_n of_o such_o as_o be_v manumit_v contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o those_o who_o be_v bear_v free_a there_o marriage_n be_v a_o like_a lawful_a of_o the_o succession_n of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a tit._n viii_o have_v be_v not_o with_o we_o admit_v to_o succeed_v those_o who_o be_v make_v free_a in_o case_n they_o die_v without_o issue_n wherefore_o if_o any_o one_o purchase_n a_o fee_n after_o manumission_n and_o die_v without_o heir_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n shall_v claim_v it_o by_o escheat_n and_o not_o he_o who_o give_v the_o party_n decease_v his_o freedom_n etc._n freedom_n f._n n._n b_o fol._n 143._o t._n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o rule_n be_v also_o for_o the_o chattel_n of_o such_o die_a intestate_a as_o for_o those_o who_o be_v bear_v free_a of_o the_o assignation_n of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a tit._n ix_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n with_o we_o between_o those_o who_o be_v manumit_v and_o those_o who_o be_v bear_v free_a save_v that_o they_o some_o time_n be_v servant_n wherefore_o we_o have_v no_o use_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o assignation_n in_o our_o common-weath_a of_o the_o possession_n of_o good_n tit._n x._o the_o supreme_a power_n with_o we_o give_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o fee_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o they_o who_o hold_v the_o fee_n of_o he_o by_o any_o kind_n of_o service_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o he_o by_o his_o prerogative_n have_v the_o primer_n seisin_n of_o land_n c._n land_n stan._n prerog_n c._n 3._o and_o 13._o f._n n._n b._n foe_n 255._o and._n 256._o c._n nor_o can_v the_o heir_n receive_v they_o but_o by_o his_o hand_n those_o who_o hold_v of_o other_o lord_n by_o knight_n service_n much_o more_o tenant_n in_o socage_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v of_o age_n enter_v upon_o their_o estate_n by_o right_a and_o in_o case_n their_o lord_n hinder_v they_o may_v have_v their_o action_n have_v satisfy_v the_o value_n of_o their_o marriage_n b_o 1._o but_o for_o those_o good_n which_o we_o call_v chattel_n the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n who_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o the_o ordinary_a give_v possession_n of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o will_n or_o at_o least_o confirm_v the_o possession_n be_v take_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o will_n than_o he_o grant_v administration_n to_o the_o widow_n or_o next_o kinsman_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v yet_o so_o that_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v distribute_v according_a to_o his_o judgement_n either_o among_o 11._o among_o 31_o ed._n 3._o c._n 11._o they_o or_o for_o pious_a use_n provin_fw-fr use_n linw._n provin_fw-fr of_o acquire_v by_o adrogation_n or_o adoption_n tit._n xi_o there_o be_v nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o english_a may_v adrogate_v or_o adopt_v and_o be_v adopt_v but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o consent_n of_o both_o party_n be_v sole_o essential_a for_o our_o law_n determine_v nothing_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o acquisition_n unless_o that_o which_o natural_o fall_v out_o between_o party_n and_o party_n in_o contract_n of_o he_o to_o who_o good_n be_v grant_v for_o liberty_n tit._n xii_o as_o for_o those_o servant_n who_o receive_v their_o freedom_n from_o their_o lord_n by_o testament_n the_o chief_n thing_n be_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o will_n for_o it_o be_v not_o material_a whether_o the_o executor_n will_v accept_v the_o office_n for_o we_o have_v show_v before_o how_o ungrateful_a that_o old_a solemnity_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o case_n of_o will_n be_v to_o we_o of_o succession_n which_o be_v among_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o sale_n of_o good_n according_a to_o the_o claudian_a decree_n tit._n xiii_o we_o have_v not_o this_o kind_n of_o acquisition_n among_o we_o yet_o have_v we_o something_o like_a unto_o it_o for_o the_o fee_n and_o all_o other_o the_o good_n of_o bankrupt_n who_o have_v consume_v their_o fortune_n withdraw_v themselves_o that_o their_o creditor_n may_v not_o arrest_v they_o wheresoever_o they_o be_v find_v be_v divide_v towards_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o creditor_n by_o such_o honourable_a person_n who_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o case_n mention_n 7._o mention_n 34_o h._n 8._o c._n 4_o 13_o eliz._n c._n 7._o but_o above_o all_o that_o most_o famous_a act_n in_o king_n james_n his_o time_n do_v most_o careful_o provide_v in_o these_o case_n 15._o case_n 1_o jacob._n sesse_n 1._o c._n 15._o of_o obligation_n tit._n xiiii_o we_o have_v before_o treat_v of_o person_n and_o thing_n and_o be_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o action_n 1._o action_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 1._o now_o a_o action_n come_v from_o precedent_a obligation_n as_o a_o child_n from_o a_o mother_n 2._o mother_n id._n ib._n n._n 2._o a_o obligation_n be_v a_o legal_a bond_n or_o tie_n whereby_o we_o be_v necessary_o bind_v to_o the_o give_v or_o do_v of_o any_o thing_n n._n thing_n id_fw-la ib._n c._n 2._o n._n all_o civil_a obligation_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o kind_n obligation_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o by_o
he_o lit._n ib._n 19_o all_o person_n may_v regular_o take_v form_n except_o spiritual_a who_o be_v prohibit_v unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o family_n 13._o family_n 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 13._o 20._o lessee_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v his_o rent_n to_o the_o lessor_n which_o if_o he_o shall_v fail_v to_o do_v the_o lessor_n during_o the_o term_n may_v distrain_v and_o this_o seem_v true_a whether_o it_o be_v agree_v so_o or_o not_o for_o whatsoever_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o lessee_n into_o the_o tenement_n be_v annex_v as_o a_o pledge_n for_o the_o rent_n 1._o rent_n dr._n stu._n l._n 2._o c_o 9_o lit._n ib._n brac_n l._n 2._o c._n 28._o n._n 1._o but_o after_o the_o term_n he_o can_v 59_o can_v lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 59_o the_o payment_n of_o rent_n admit_v no_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o lessee_n be_v not_o free_v by_o pay_v before_o the_o day_n a_o day_n coo._n bevills_n case_n foe_z 10._o a_o if_o tenant_n of_o a_o fee-farm_n do_v not_o occupy_v the_o land_n lease_v for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n by_o reason_n whereof_o there_o can_v be_v no_o distress_n the_o lessor_n upon_o his_o action_n may_v recover_v it_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n g_o hand_n 6_o e._n 1._o c._n 4._o westm_n 2._o c._n 21._o f_o n_n b_o foe_o 209_o g_o 22._o but_o in_o most_o lease_n whether_o for_o year_n 〈◊〉_d life_n it_o be_v covenant_v that_o in_o case_n the_o â—ent_n be_v behind_o at_o a_o certain_a day_n yearly_o 〈◊〉_d half_a yearly_a unpaid_a that_o the_o lessor_n may_v â—â—ter_v &_o reastume_n the_o possession_n to_o himself_o or_o â—â—at_v the_o lease_n shall_v forthwith_o become_v void_a use_v expire_v in_o the_o first_o case_n if_o the_o rent_n at_o â—â—e_z day_n assign_v be_v not_o pay_v be_v lawful_o demand_v upon_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o lesâ—â—r_n not_o only_o he_o in_o his_o life_n time_n but_o after_o his_o â—eath_n unless_o he_o distrain_v in_o his_o life_n time_n 〈◊〉_d the_o rent_n or_o receive_v it_o upon_o tender_a case_n tender_a coo._n l._n 3._o pennants_n case_n 〈◊〉_d heir_n may_v enter_v otherwise_o not_o 17._o not_o dr._n stu_fw-ge l._n 1._o c._n 20._o dier_n foe_n 51._o n._n 17._o for_o â—ent_v aught_o to_o be_v demand_v 836._o demand_v perk._n 836._o nor_o in_o this_o â—â—se_n do_v the_o day_n demand_v for_o the_o man_n but_o 〈◊〉_d the_o condition_n be_v that_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v â—â—id_v in_o any_o extrinsecall_a place_n there_o need_v 〈◊〉_d demand_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o â—â—me_n 24._o â—â—me_n dier_n l._n 8._o n._n 23._o 24._o though_o other_o more_o modern_a affirm_v â—â—e_v contrary_a 73_o contrary_a coo._n l._n 4._o burroughes_n case_n foe_n 73_o 23._o if_o husband_n and_o wife_n hire_v land_n at_o too_o â—â—ere_o a_o rent_n the_o husband_n die_v before_o the_o â—earm_n the_o wife_n may_v leave_v it_o and_o if_o the_o â—_z survive_v the_o wife_n and_o die_v his_o execuâ—â—rs_n have_v the_o same_o liberty_n if_o the_o testotor_n good_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v the_o other_o creditor_n the_o rent_n be_v compute_v for_o 〈◊〉_d term_v of_o year_n 70._o year_n dr._n stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 33._o dier_n foe_n 146._o n._n 70._o 24._o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o a_o year_n upon_o condition_n that_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v pay_v at_o michaellmas_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n give_v a_o general_a release_n to_o the_o lessee_n of_o all_o action_n â—nd_v demand_n this_o do_v not_o remit_v the_o rent_n 8._o rent_n lit._n l_o 3._o c_o 8._o although_o it_o seem_v something_o strange_a 25._o a_o lessee_n be_v not_o only_o bind_v to_o the_o payment_n of_o rent_n 1._o rent_n dier_n foe_fw-mi 4_o n_z 1._o but_o also_o to_o use_v well_o the_o thing_n lease_v 34_o lease_v id._n foe_o 324._o n_o 34_o so_o that_o if_o either_o he_o or_o a_o three_o person_n commit_v waste_a he_o be_v liable_a unto_o the_o lessor_n according_a to_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o statute_n 43._o statute_n 6_o e_z 1_o c_o 5_o dier_n foe_n 90_o n_z 9_o and_z 10_o and_o foe_n 108_o n_z 31_o and_o foe_n 198_o n_z 43._o and_o be_v leave_v to_o take_v his_o remedy_n against_o the_o three_o person_n 4_o person_n dr._n stu_fw-ge l_o 7_o c_o 31_o and_o l_o 2_o c_o 4_o unless_o he_o be_v aâ—_n infant_n 17_o infant_n id_fw-la l_o 1_o c_o 17_o but_o it_o be_v not_o waste_v to_o fell_a timber_n for_o necessary_a reapaâ—tions_n ib_fw-la reapaâ—tions_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la 26._o in_o selâ—ing_v and_o hire_v the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o the_o mutual_a obligation_n of_o person_n as_o in_o covenant_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o lessee_n undertake_v for_o himself_o to_o do_v or_o not_o do_v anything_o his_o executor_n or_o assign_v not_o be_v name_v himself_o be_v only_o bind_v and_o they_o free_a from_o any_o manner_n of_o obligation_n 8_o obligation_n dier_n foe_n 65_o n_z 8_o but_o this_o be_v sometime_o disputable_a a_o lessee_n covenant_n with_o his_o lessor_n that_o if_o either_o he_o his_o executor_n or_o assign_v alienate_v the_o land_n lease_v to_o another_o that_o then_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o lessor_n or_o his_o heir_n to_o re-enter_v and_o to_o eject_v the_o lessee_n his_o executor_n or_o assign_v and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o lessee_n fall_v sick_a and_o by_o his_o last_o will_n constitute_v his_o wife_n his_o executrix_n and_o die_v the_o wife_n marry_v a_o second_o husband_n who_o alienates_v her_o right_n and_o term_v in_o the_o say_a land_n and_o it_o be_v much_o question_v whether_o in_o this_o case_n the_o lessor_n may_v enter_v in_o regard_n this_o second_o husband_n be_v neither_o executor_n nor_o assignee_n of_o the_o first_o but_o in_o the_o end_n it_o be_v determine_v for_o the_o lessor_n because_o the_o second_o husband_n be_v in_o this_o case_n adjudge_v assignee_n in_o law_n though_o not_o in_o fact_n 5_o fact_n dier_n foe_n 6_o n_z 5_o 27._o if_o a_o lessee_n oblige_v himself_o to_o leave_v house_n in_o repair_n at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o term_n the_o lessor_n can_v bring_v his_o action_n of_o covenant_n until_o the_o term_n be_v end_v although_o the_o lessee_n shall_v pull_v the_o house_n down_o yet_o he_o may_v bring_v a_o action_n of_o waste_n k._n waste_n f._n n._n b._n foe_o 145._o k._n 28._o lessee_n be_v not_o oblige_v against_o a_o great_a force_n or_o against_o tempest_n or_o incursion_n of_o enemy_n unless_o he_o do_v express_o oblige_v himself_o to_o it_o 8._o it_o dr._n &_o stâ—â—_n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o dier_n foe_n 33._o n._n 10_o 11._o foe_n 36._o n_o 35._o foe_n 56._o n._n 14._o 12_o h._n 8._o foe_n 1._o b._n v._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o 29._o tenant_n at_o will_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o repararation_n as_o tenant_n for_o year_n u_o but_o if_o he_o commit_v waste_v he_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n 10._o trespass_n id_fw-la ib._n dier_n foe_n 90_o n._n 9_o 10._o of_o partner_n or_o fellowship_n tit._n xxvi_o our_o judicious_a lawyer_n be_v very_o frequent_a in_o dispute_v the_o right_n of_o those_o partner_n or_o fellow_n who_o hold_v land_n or_o other_o thing_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la and_o these_o they_o call_v either_o partner_n joint-tenant_n or_o tenant_n in_o common_a 4._o common_a little_a l._n 3._o c._n 2_o 3_o 4._o 1._o partner_n be_v either_o by_o the_o law_n or_o by_o custom_n by_o law_n ib._n law_n term_n v._o parcener_n &_o little_a ib._n &_o two_o or_o more_o woman_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n who_o for_o defect_n of_o heir_n male_n succeed_v by_o equal_a right_n in_o the_o inheritance_n of_o their_o ancestor_n or_o else_o the_o son_n of_o two_o woman_n to_o who_o land_n not_o former_o divide_v by_o their_o mother_n descend_v 2._o descend_v little_a l._n 3._o c._n 1._o and_o 2._o by_o custom_n be_v those_o who_o from_o the_o custom_n of_o divers_a province_n which_o we_o call_v gavell_n kind_n do_v equal_o succeed_v their_o ancestor_n whether_o they_o be_v brother_n or_o for_o default_n of_o they_o sister_n nâ—ices_n or_o aunt_n 2._o joint-tenant_n be_v either_o call_v so_o proper_o or_o improper_o 43._o improper_o instit_fw-la jur._n com._n c._n 15._o dier_n foe_n 67._o n._n 18._o &_o foe_fw-mi 160._o n._n 43._o proper_o be_v those_o who_o hold_v a_o fee_n or_o freehold_n or_o any_o real_a cartel_n by_o force_n of_o the_o same_o title_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la improper_o be_v those_o which_o possess_v any_o personal_a chattel_n so_o and_o those_o be_v thus_o join_v either_o by_o their_o own_o will_v sole_o as_o purchase_v the_o premise_n with_o their_o own_o money_n and_o so_o possess_v they_o pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la or_o else_o by_o the_o will_n and_o bounty_n of_o other_o as_o where_o one_o give_v any_o thing_n to_o two_o or_o more_o joint_o 4._o joint_o
lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 4._o unless_o the_o donee_n be_v a_o body_n politic_a and_o receive_v under_o that_o notion_n or_o at_o least_o one_o of_o they_o in_o which_o case_n they_o be_v tenant_n in_o common_a ibid._n common_a id._n ibid._n 3._o partner_n and_o joint-tenant_n differ_v two_o way_n the_o former_a be_v join_v by_o necessity_n and_o be_v call_v partner_n mere_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o inheritance_n joint-tenant_n have_v their_o name_n either_o from_o purchase_n or_o gift_n and_o be_v join_v together_o by_o their_o own_o will_n and_o not_o by_o necessity_n quotation_n necessity_n see_v the_o former_a quotation_n 4._o thereare_v also_o some_o who_o be_v joint-tenant_n only_o for_o life_n and_o yet_o have_v several_a inheritance_n as_o where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o two_o man_n or_o two_o woman_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n in_o this_o cafe_z so_o long_o as_o they_o live_v they_o be_v call_v joint-tenant_n for_o one_o of_o they_o have_v issue_n and_o die_v his_o fellow_n shall_v have_v the_o whole_a during_o his_o life_n who_o also_o if_o he_o shall_v leave_v issue_n and_o die_v his_o heir_n with_o the_o heir_n of_o he_o that_o die_v before_o shall_v hold_v the_o say_a land_n in_o common_a 15._o common_a iâ—st_n c._n 15._o and_o if_o one_o of_o the_o donee_n die_v without_o heir_n his_o part_n for_o defect_n of_o a_o heir_n shall_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o fellow_n revert_v to_o the_o donor_n 3._o donor_n littl._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o 5._o tenant_n in_o common_a be_v they_o who_o hold_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o land_n or_o tenement_n chattel_n personal_a or_o real_a joint_o but_o by_o several_a title_n 4._o title_n id._n ibid._n c._n 4._o for_o if_o one_o parcener_n alienate_v or_o give_v his_o right_n to_o a_o stranger_n the_o stranger_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v tenant_n in_o common_a though_o the_o rest_n among_o themselves_o enjoy_v their_o former_a appellation_n 6._o wherefore_o tenant_n in_o common_a differ_v from_o partner_n in_o this_o that_o these_o do_v not_o possess_v any_o thing_n in_o common_a by_o right_n of_o inheritance_n as_o do_v the_o other_o nor_o be_v they_o join_v by_o any_o necessity_n and_o from_o joint-tenant_n in_o that_o they_o hold_v a_o thing_n in_o common_a by_o divers_a title_n or_o at_o least_o the_o tenant_n be_v natural_o so_o unequal_a that_o they_o can_v admit_v of_o any_o conjunction_n such_o be_v body_n politic_a among_o themselves_o or_o with_o single_a person_n ibid._n person_n id._n ibid._n 7._o first_o for_o partner_n these_o though_o they_o die_v before_o partition_n transmit_v and_o leave_v their_o part_n to_o their_o child_n if_o they_o have_v any_o otherwise_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fellow_n 14._o fellow_n id._n ibid._n c._n 2._o inst_z c._n 14._o 8._o partition_n may_v be_v make_v either_o by_o mutual_a consent_n 179._o consent_n dier_n foe_n 179._o or_o if_o some_o refuse_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o judge_n for_o he_o who_o desire_v to_o have_v his_o part_n divide_v may_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o partition_n by_o which_o he_o shall_v compel_v the_o rest_n to_o divide_v c._n divide_v f._n n._n b._n 61._o k._n &_o 259._o c._n 260._o b_o 261._o c._n but_o if_o one_o woman_n partner_n entermarry_v and_o have_v issue_n die_v the_o husband_n be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n may_v compel_v they_o to_o a_o partition_n if_o it_o be_v not_o already_o make_v 2._o make_v littl._n l._n 3._o c._n 2._o 9_o littleton_n do_v very_o full_o describe_v the_o manner_n of_o make_v partition_n both_o by_o consent_n and_o compulsion_n but_o this_o be_v rather_o matter_n of_o fact_n then_o of_o law_n that_o only_o be_v observable_a that_o if_o partition_n be_v make_v by_o consent_n one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o partner_n be_v under_o age_n it_o may_v afterward_o be_v correct_v wheâ—_n they_o come_v to_o full_a age_n provide_v they_o do_v not_o confirm_v it_o when_o they_o come_v of_o age_n by_o receive_v the_o profit_n ib._n profit_n id_fw-la ib._n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o fee-tail_n although_o all_o be_v at_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o partition_n make_v yet_o their_o heir_n may_v disagree_v to_o 〈◊〉_d ib._n 〈◊〉_d id_fw-la ib._n so_o also_o if_o a_o unequal_a partition_n be_v make_v by_o the_o husband_n of_o coheir_n after_o marrimony_n be_v dissolve_v either_o of_o they_o may_v disagree_v e._n disagree_v id._n ib._n f._n n._n b._n 62_o e._n 10._o if_o after_o partition_n any_o part_n of_o either_o oâ—_n the_o partner_n estate_n lie_v evict_v by_o law_n he_o or_o she_o who_o part_n it_o be_v may_v compel_v the_o rest_n to_o a_o new_a partition_n and_o recover_v a_o lawful_a part_n in_o those_o land_n which_o the_o rest_n hold_v 2._o hold_v little_a ib._n c._n 2._o 11._o if_o there_o be_v a_o advowson_n in_o the_o inheritance_n and_o the_o partner_n will_v not_o consent_v in_o the_o presentation_n of_o a_o clerk_n than_o the_o elder_a shall_v present_v in_o the_o first_o vacancy_n and_o the_o rest_n according_a to_o their_o case_n and_o to_o this_o they_o may_v be_v compel_v if_o they_o refuse_v to_o agree_v and_o every_o one_o have_v therr_n lawful_a remedy_n if_o they_o be_v hinder_v from_o present_v in_o their_o turn_n c._n turn_n f._n n._n b._n 34_o t_n and_o 36_o c._n 12._o if_o there_o be_v two_o joint-tenant_n of_o a_o fee_n simple_a withi_o a_o burrow_n where_o land_n and_o tenemenr_n be_v divisible_a by_o will_n and_o one_o of_o they_o devise_v his_o right_n to_o a_o stranger_n and_o die_v this_o devise_n be_v void_a and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o part_n which_o by_o the_o law_n at_o his_o death_n come_v unto_o the_o other_o by_o the_o right_n of_o â—â—crease_n and_o out_o of_o descent_n can_v any_o way_n 〈◊〉_d convey_v to_o another_o by_o a_o will_v which_o â—â—es_v not_o its_o operation_n till_o the_o death_n 〈◊〉_d the_o testator_n from_o he_o that_o claim_v the_o â—â—ole_n 3_o â—â—ole_n littl_n l_o 3_o c_o 3_o 13._o two_o take_v a_o lease_n joint_o for_o year_n â—â—th_v this_o condition_n agree_v to_o between_o the_o â—â—ssor_n and_o they_o that_o if_o the_o lessee_n die_v beâ—â—â—e_v the_o term_n end_v the_o lease_n shall_v be_v â—â—id_v the_o lessee_n make_v division_n and_o one_o 〈◊〉_d they_o alienate_v his_o part_n and_z dies_z the_o 〈◊〉_d lessor_n can_v reassume_v the_o part_n of_o he_o â—â—at_v die_v but_o the_o alience_n shall_v hold_v it_o duâ—ing_v the_o life_n of_o he_o that_o survive_v nor_o have_v occupation_n in_o this_o case_n any_o force_n but_o it_o two_o â—â—ke_v a_o lease_n for_o theit_n live_v and_o make_v parâ—â—tion_n either_o of_o they_o die_v his_o part_n immediate_o revert_v to_o the_o lessor_n 18_o lessor_n dier_n foe_n 67._o c_o 18_o 14._o two_o be_v joint-tenant_n for_o life_n one_o of_o which_o let_v out_o his_o part_n by_o indenture_n to_o a_o three_o person_n for_o year_n reserve_v a_o rent_n from_o it_o to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o die_v the_o question_n be_v whether_o by_o his_o death_n the_o ritle_n do_v whole_o vanish_v or_o whether_o the_o survive_a joint-tenant_n ought_v to_o hold_v the_o whole_a for_o his_o life_n &_o if_o he_o ought_v then_o whether_o he_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o libertty_n notwitstand_v the_o lease_n of_o his_o fellow_n or_o to_o take_v only_o the_o rent_n reserve_v upon_o that_o moiety_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o justice_n that_o the_o survivor_n ought_v to_o hold_v the_o whole_a land_n for_o life_n and_o that_o free_a and_o disoblige_v from_o the_o other_o lease_n 5_o lease_n id_fw-la foe_o 178_o n_o 5_o 15._o and_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o joint-tenant_n in_o fee_n and_o partner_n that_o neither_o of_o the_o donee_n can_v charge_v his_o land_n whiâ—â—_n he_o hold_v pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la with_o any_o rend_a longâ—â—_n then_o for_o life_n but_o a_o partner_n may_v and_o the_o râ—â—son_n be_v it_o can_v prejudice_n his_o fellow_n or_o 〈◊〉_d heir_n who_o derive_v his_o right_a not_o from_o hiâ—_n but_o from_o the_o donor_n but_o partner_n succee_v one_o the_o other_o for_o defect_n of_o heir_n may_v froâ—_n one_o anotherr_n derive_v their_o right_n 3._o right_n littl._n ib._n c._n 3._o 16._o which_o notwitstand_v in_o let_v 〈◊〉_d clear_o otherwise_o for_o if_o one_o of_o the_o doneeâ—_n who_o hold_v pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la to_o he_o and_o his_o heiâ—â—_n let_v out_o his_o right_n for_o a_o complete_a term_n 〈◊〉_d die_v the_o lessee_n after_o his_o death_n may_v retain_v 〈◊〉_d during_o the_o term_n nay_o he_o may_v enter_v into_o tâ—â—_n land_n although_o they_o be_v not_o deliver_v unto_o he_o in_o the_o lessor_n life_n time_n or_o anâ—_n way_n possess_v by_o he_o ib._n he_o id._n ib._n and_o the_o reason_n 〈◊〉_d diversity_n between_o a_o rend_a charge_n and_o a_o lease_n be_v judicious_o give_v by_o littleton_n ib._n
charter_n d._n charter_n id._n 134._o d._n 6._o if_o one_o let_v land_n for_o a_o certain_a rent_n and_o devise_v the_o reversion_n of_o they_o to_o another_o by_o will_n the_o legatee_n may_v claim_v the_o rent_n of_o the_o lessee_n n._n lessee_n id._n 121._o n._n 7._o the_o king_n customer_n have_v the_o king_n money_n in_o his_o hand_n be_v debtor_n to_o he_o to_o who_o the_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n have_v grant_v a_o annuity_n to_o be_v receive_v yearly_a from_o such_o a_o customer_n f._n customer_n id._n ib._n f._n 8._o last_o we_o be_v oblige_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o our_o wife_n child_n and_o servant_n for_o ware_n take_v in_o our_o name_n and_o convert_v to_o our_o use_n as_o if_o we_o have_v make_v the_o contract_n ourselves_o 17._o ourselves_o dr._n stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 42._o fulb._n par_fw-fr c._n contr_n fol._n 3_o 4._o blow_n fol._n 11._o dyer_n 234._o n._n 17._o by_o what_o person_n a_o obligation_n be_v acquire_v unto_o we_o tit._n xxix_o a_o obligation_n be_v acquire_v unto_o we_o by_o procurator_n and_o by_o child_n which_o we_o have_v under_o our_o power_n and_o jurisdiction_n by_o ourselves_o and_o child_n of_o our_o own_o and_o by_o freeman_n who_o serve_v we_o and_o that_o by_o two_o cause_n viz._n by_o work_n of_o their_o own_o and_o for_o something_o which_o be_v we_o also_o by_o our_o own_o proper_a servant_n or_o servant_n which_o be_v common_a or_o in_o which_o we_o have_v a_o use_n or_o other_o which_o we_o do_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la possess_v provide_v they_o covenant_n and_o bargain_n in_o our_o name_n 60._o name_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 2._o n._n 12._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 60._o by_o what_o mean_v a_o obligation_n be_v take_v off_o tit._n xxx_o a_o obligation_n be_v take_v off_o by_o payment_n because_o every_o obligation_n be_v remove_v when_o that_o which_o be_v due_a be_v pay_v whether_o he_o pay_v it_o who_o owe_v it_o or_o another_o for_o he_o and_o that_o whether_o the_o debtor_n know_v it_o or_o not_o or_o whether_o he_o be_v willing_a or_o not_o ib._n not_o brac._n ib._n â—_o 1._o flet._n ib._n which_o be_v only_o true_a according_a to_o some_o where_o the_o writing_n if_o there_o be_v any_o be_v cancel_v or_o a_o acquittance_n be_v to_o be_v show_v by_o the_o debtor_n 12._o debtor_n dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o t._n 12._o to_o the_o explanation_n of_o which_o assertion_n some_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o simple_a and_o conditional_a obligation_n and_o affirm_v that_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o conditional_a obligation_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n although_o the_o writing_n remain_v entire_a and_o no_o acquittance_n be_v show_v and_o that_o because_o the_o party_n be_v bind_v to_o a_o certain_a time_n under_o a_o penalty_n he_o can_v without_o danger_n expect_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o write_n or_o acquittance_n see_v he_o be_v more_o strict_o bind_v then_o if_o the_o obligation_n be_v simple_a so_o if_o the_o party_n pay_v his_o surety_n be_v free_a and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_n ib._n contrary_n brac._n ib._n 1._o a_o obligation_n be_v take_v off_o also_o by_o releases_z which_o be_v a_o imaginary_a payment_n as_o if_o it_o be_v say_v have_v you_o receive_v all_o that_o i_o owe_v you_o upon_o any_o cause_n whatsoever_o and_o it_o be_v answer_v or_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v in_o writing_n write_v i_o have_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v receive_v all_o 22._o all_o perk._n 749_o 750._o dyer_n 222_o n._n 22._o and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v for_o part_n of_o a_o debt_n as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o whole_a as_o also_o all_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o covenant_n may_v be_v take_v off_o thus_o and_o in_o the_o same_o way_n which_o obligation_n be_v they_o may_v also_o be_v renew_v and_o reduce_v into_o another_o obligation_n or_o more_o into_o one_o as_o if_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v promise_v for_o many_o debt_n cause_n and_o obligation_n 8._o obligation_n brac._n ib._n n._n 13._o lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 8._o there_o be_v also_o a_o release_n in_o law_n as_o where_o a_o man_n make_v his_o debtor_n his_o executor_n for_o in_o this_o case_n he_o for_o give_v the_o debt_n 118._o debt_n bro._n testam_fw-la 118._o which_o be_v so_o far_o true_a that_o it_o be_v whether_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n or_o not_o 184._o not_o blow_n 184._o 2._o also_o if_o land_n be_v charge_v with_o a_o annuity_n and_o the_o debtor_n neglect_v payment_n for_o some_o year_n and_o afterward_o upon_o the_o payment_n of_o one_o year_n rent_n obtain_v a_o acquittance_n from_o the_o creditor_n the_o action_n for_o the_o residue_n be_v utter_o extinguish_v 26._o extinguish_v dyer_n f._n 271._o n._n 26._o 3._o so_o also_o by_o renew_v of_o alter_a as_o where_o a_o obligation_n be_v transfer_v from_o one_o person_n to_o another_o who_o can_v be_v bind_v it_o be_v whole_o lose_v as_o from_o the_o person_n of_o one_o who_o be_v of_o age_n to_o another_o who_o be_v a_o infant_n and_o in_o renew_v or_o alter_v there_o may_v intervene_v a_o surety_n and_o a_o penalty_n as_o also_o a_o condition_n that_o if_o the_o surety_n do_v not_o well_o and_o true_o pay_v the_o princiall_n shall_v remain_v 13._o remain_v brac._n l._n 3._o tâ—_n 1._o c._n 2._o n._n 13._o 4._o in_o brief_a it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o a_o obligation_n may_v be_v dissolve_v the_o same_o way_n and_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n by_o which_o it_o be_v contract_v if_o it_o arise_v from_o a_o contract_n or_o any_o such_o like_a thing_n namely_o by_o the_o thing_n as_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v restore_v by_o word_n as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o in_o contrary_a word_n etc._n word_n dyer_n foe_n 75_o n._n 25_o 26_o etc._n etc._n by_o write_v as_o if_o i_o write_v myself_o to_o owe_v money_n and_o the_o debtor_n write_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v by_o consent_n as_o if_o they_o agree_v mutual_o to_o recede_v from_o the_o contract_n by_o delivery_n as_o in_o case_n the_o thing_n be_v re-delivered_n by_o join_v as_o in_o case_n it_o be_v do_v on_o the_o contrary_n ib._n contrary_n brac._n ib._n 5._o bracton_n also_o declare_v that_o a_o obligation_n may_v be_v take_v away_o by_o sundry_a exception_n and_o that_o many_o way_n who_o any_o one_o that_o please_v may_v read_v ib._n read_v id._n ib._n 6._o there_o be_v also_o another_o way_n with_o we_o which_o we_o call_v wage_n of_o law_n for_o if_o any_o one_o challenge_v money_n of_o i_o upon_o a_o simple_a contract_n i_o may_v wage_v my_o law_n against_o he_o 3._o he_o id._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 13._o n._n 3._o i._n c._n i_o may_v promise_v to_o come_v into_o the_o court_n at_o a_o day_n judicial_o assign_v and_o perform_v the_o law_n now_o to_o perform_v the_o law_n be_v in_o this_o case_n to_o do_v that_o which_o the_o law_n require_v namely_o to_o make_v oath_n that_o neither_o the_o sum_n require_v nor_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v due_a and_o to_o bring_v other_o with_o i_o who_o shall_v affirm_v upon_o oath_n likewise_o that_o they_o believe_v the_o oath_n i_o have_v take_v to_o be_v true_a l._n true_a brit._n c._n 28._o f._n n._n b._n 122._o l._n now_o this_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o judicial_a transaction_n which_o our_o law_n permit_v we_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o book_n the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o institutes_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n of_o obligation_n arise_v from_o crime_n tit._n 1._o there_o be_v obligation_n also_o which_o arise_v from_o crime_n or_o from_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n now_o crime_n and_o trespass_n proceed_v from_o word_n and_o fact_n be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n and_o will_n where_o with_o they_o be_v commit_v for_o the_o will_n and_o the_o intention_n be_v the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o from_o these_o delinquency_n proceed_v great_a crime_n as_o treason_n homicide_n theft_n rapine_n etc._n etc._n 14._o etc._n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 2._o n._n 14._o of_o which_o we_o shall_v discourse_v hereafter_o or_o lesser_a crime_n as_o injury_n and_o trespass_n for_o under_o these_o all_o our_o writer_n comprehend_v obligation_n arise_v from_o private_a crime_n 1._o the_o civil_a law_n punish_v manifest_a theft_n by_o adjudge_v restitution_n to_o be_v make_v fourfold_a and_o theft_n less_o manifest_a by_o render_v two_o fold_n but_o the_o law_n of_o england_n punish_v neither_o with_o less_o than_o death_n provide_v the_o thing_n steal_v be_v to_o the_o value_n of_o 12._o penny_n 2._o penny_n fortesâ—ue_n c._n 46._o bro._n crown_n 2._o 2._o theft_n be_v divide_v into_o larceny_n and_o robbery_n larceny_n be_v define_v the_o take_v away_o of_o chattel_n personal_a in_o the_o
absence_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o be_v either_o crand_n or_o petite_fw-fr according_o to_o the_o thing_n take_v grand_fw-fr be_v when_o the_o movable_a that_o be_v steal_v exceed_v the_o value_n of_o twelve_o penny_n petite_fw-fr be_v when_o it_o be_v under_o the_o value_n larc_n value_n westm_n l._n 2._o tit_n indictment_n s._n 58._o spec._n justice_n l._n 1._o c._n larc_n robbery_n be_v when_o it_o be_v take_v from_o the_o person_n or_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o owner_n 60._o owner_n west_n ib._n s._n 60._o 3._o every_o theft_n with_o we_o be_v a_o public_a crime_n for_o petite_fw-fr larceny_n though_o it_o be_v not_o punishable_a with_o death_n but_o with_o imprisonment_n and_o stripe_n be_v according_a to_o some_o account_v felony_n coron_n felony_n bro._n coron_n though_o other_o be_v of_o contrary_a judgement_n 15._o judgement_n stam._n pl._n coron_n l._n 1._o c._n 15._o wherefore_o we_o shall_v refer_v this_o â—ather_n to_o the_o order_n of_o public_a judgement_n 4._o yet_o we_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o observe_v here_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o choice_n who_o lose_v any_o thing_n by_o theft_n whether_o he_o will_v prosecute_v the_o party_n civil_o or_o criminal_o for_o dissemble_v the_o theft_n he_o may_v suppose_v the_o thief_n to_o have_v find_v the_o thing_n by_o accident_n and_o so_o detain_v it_o to_o himself_o and_o so_o recover_v the_o thing_n itself_o or_o its_o value_n 5._o value_n trover_n in_o book_n of_o entr._n brac._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 31._o n._n 2._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 38._o dyer_n fol._n 50._o n._n 5._o but_o of_o criminal_a prosecution_n we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o of_o thing_n take_v by_o force_n tit._n ii_o the_o word_n trespass_n have_v a_o very_a large_a latitude_n and_o comprehend_v every_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n but_o our_o discreet_a lawyer_n call_v only_o private_a crime_n trespass_n and_o make_v distinction_n even_o among_o these_o for_o those_o who_o be_v accompany_v with_o force_n be_v trespass_n more_o proper_o 4._o proper_o f._n n._n b._n 85._o g._n fle._n l._n 4._o c._n 4._o yet_o they_o call_v other_o trespass_n likewise_o from_o the_o species_n of_o a_o unlawful_a act_n though_o not_o violent_a but_o accidental_a or_o to_o use_v their_o own_o word_n suâ—…_n casu_fw-la case_n casu_fw-la f._n n._n b._n foe_n 92._o e._n term_n v._o action_n sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr case_n whence_o the_o form_n of_o action_n in_o the_o first_o case_n have_v always_o these_o word_n vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la and_o in_o the_o second_o contra_fw-la paâ—…_n but_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v if_o he_o please_v dissemble_v the_o force_n as_o where_o he_o bring_v his_o action_n in_o the_o sheriff_n court_n who_o have_v no_o cognisance_n de_fw-fr vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la and_o though_o he_o feign_v a_o lesser_a trespass_n when_o real_o it_o be_v great_a yet_o he_o shall_v recover_v damage_n and_o this_o seem_v the_o reason_n why_o our_o writer_n do_v so_o often_o confound_v and_o treat_v promiscuous_o of_o these_o trespass_n which_o be_v of_o a_o different_a nature_n 92._o nature_n n._n boh_o entry_n tresp_n 85._o trespass_n sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr case_n 92._o now_o we_o have_v think_v it_o congruous_a enough_o to_o refer_v violent_a trespass_n to_o the_o title_n of_o thing_n take_v by_o force_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o two_o follow_a title_n for_o since_o the_o roman_a law_n make_v the_o subject_n of_o these_o trespass_n which_o our_o law_n of_o england_n divide_v only_o into_o two_o head_n if_o threefold_a lest_o it_o not_o seem_v strange_a that_o i_o refer_v some_o case_n which_o beside_o the_o force_n affix_v a_o contumely_n also_o upon_o the_o person_n injure_v to_o a_o three_o title_n 1._o now_o the_o action_n for_o good_n take_v by_o force_n or_o de_fw-fr vi_fw-mi &_o aâ—mâ—s_fw-la lie_v as_o well_o for_o thing_n take_v by_o force_n which_o be_v inanimate_a as_o cat_n plough_n etc._n etc._n as_o thing_n animate_v as_o ox_n sheep_n and_o those_o not_o only_o tame_v but_o wild_a also_o if_o they_o be_v in_o our_o custody_n and_o jurisdiction_n as_o coney_n which_o be_v in_o our_o warren_n k._n warren_n f._n n._n b._n 89._o k._n and_o pigeon_n in_o our_o columbary_n a._n columbary_n id._n 86_o a._n so_o also_o for_o our_o servant_n i._n servant_n id._n 88_o d._n i._n and_o for_o apprentice_n i._o apprentice_n id._n 91._o i._o for_o wife_n draw_v away_o with_o their_o husband_n good_n o._n good_n id._n 89._o o._n for_o the_o steal_v away_o of_o a_o son_n or_o a_o daughter_n who_o be_v a_o heir_n and_o marry_v they_o with_o any_o one_o without_o our_o consent_n h._n consent_n id._n 90._o h._n for_o quantity_n as_o many_o m._n many_o id._n 87._o m._n for_o good_n of_o felon_n take_v out_o of_o our_o liberty_n f._n liberty_n id._n 91._o f._n for_o weif_n and_o stray_v drive_v or_o carry_v out_o of_o our_o fe_n wrong_n fe_n id._n 91._o b._n new_a â—oo_o entr._n trespass_n bro._n tresp_n fulb._n wrong_n 2._o and_o this_o action_n be_v give_v for_o the_o repair_n the_o loss_n lustain_v &_o that_o not_o only_o against_o the_o party_n that_o do_v it_o but_o against_o those_o that_o command_v the_o do_v of_o it_o as_o in_o every_o trespass_n upon_o the_o case_n 9_o case_n dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o but_o not_o against_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o trespassor_n 10._o trespassor_n id._n l._n 2._o c._n 10._o nor_o his_o heir_n 4._o heir_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 4._o n._n 4._o because_o it_o be_v personal_a and_o penal_a of_o the_o aquilian_a law_n tit._n iii_o trespass_n upon_o the_o case_n be_v that_o which_o either_o bring_v damage_n to_o the_o person_n injure_v or_o disgrace_n and_o contumely_n with_o the_o damage_n and_o this_o the_o civilian_n comprehend_v under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o aquilian_a law_n be_v cause_n cain_n aquilius_n be_v the_o author_n be_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o popular_a law_n by_o which_o these_o trespass_n be_v punish_v though_o they_o refer_v this_o to_o the_o title_n of_o injury_n 1._o now_o he_o who_o damnify_v the_o estate_n of_o condition_n of_o another_o commit_v a_o trespass_n upon_o the_o case_n as_o for_o example_n where_o a_o sheriff_n by_o a_o writ_n direct_v to_o he_o take_v a_o debtor_n and_o afterward_o let_v he_o escape_v c._n escape_v f._n n._n b._n foe_o 93._o a._n c._n or_o upon_o his_o return_n make_v false_a information_n to_o the_o court_n that_o the_o party_n have_v no_o land_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o in_o his_o bailiwick_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v distrain_v and_o so_o become_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o take_n of_o his_o body_n b._n body_n id._n ib_o b._n so_o also_o he_o who_o fix_v stake_n in_o any_o water_n whereby_o another_o ship_n or_o vessel_n lade_v with_o corn_n or_o other_o merchandise_n be_v overturn_v f_o overturn_v id._n 92_o f_o moreover_o a_o attorney_n or_o counsellor_n at_o law_n who_o through_o ignorance_n or_o deceit_n joose_v his_o client_n cause_n attorney_n cause_n bo_o entr._n action_n sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr case_n in_o attorney_n a_o barber_n who_o shave_v another_o beard_n ill_a or_o with_o a_o foul_a raisor_n barber_n raisor_n id_fw-la in_o barber_n a_o physician_n or_o chirurgeon_n who_o either_o ignorant_o or_o malicious_o handle_v a_o sick_a or_o wound_a person_n phisi_fw-la person_n id._n in_o phisi_fw-la a_o gaoler_n who_o use_v a_o prisoner_n more_o hardly_o than_o he_o ought_v 93._o ought_v f._n n._n b._n 93._o he_o who_o distrain_v the_o cattle_n of_o another_o plough_n where_o he_o may_v make_v other_o reasonable_a distress_n 86._o distress_n dier_n foe_fw-mi 312._o n._n 86._o or_o he_o who_o have_v just_o take_v another_o cattell_o by_o distress_n do_v not_o carry_v they_o to_o a_o open_a pound_n but_o to_o a_o place_n unknown_a the_o rectory_n of_o a_o church_n a_o fortress_n or_o into_o another_o county_n that_o they_o can_v be_v redeem_v or_o replevine_v by_o their_o owner_n 73._o owner_n f._n n._n b._n in_o the_o writ_n of_o repleg_n averâ—_n foe_o 68_o and_o the_o writ_n vetito_fw-la nannio_fw-la 73._o he_o who_o intervert_v the_o course_n of_o a_o river_n which_o shall_v drive_v a_o mill_n 38._o mill_n dier_n 248._o n._n 80._o and_o foe_fw-mi 320._o n._n 38._o a_o lessee_n or_o freeholder_n who_o commit_v waste_v 10._o waste_v id._n foe_o 36._o n._n 38._o and_o foe_fw-mi 256._o n._n 10._o but_o this_o be_v special_a in_o regard_n that_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n he_o forfeit_v the_o thing_n waste_v 5._o waste_v 6_o e._n 1._o c._n 5._o but_o in_o regard_n the_o species_n which_o may_v be_v refer_v hither_o be_v infinite_a i_o shall_v rather_o remit_v you_o to_o those_o who_o be_v more_o large_a as_o treat_v express_o upon_o this_o subject_n then_o trouble_v you_o with_o too_o great_a a_o glut_n and_o multitude_n of_o example_n 40._o example_n boo._n entr._n 10._o action_n sur_fw-fr
156._o they_o id._n 156._o some_o prohibit_v and_o keep_v within_o compass_v those_o judge_n who_o stretch_v their_o jurisdiction_n too_o far_o 39_o far_o id._n 39_o some_o remove_v cause_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o 69._o another_o id._n 70._o 69._o last_o some_o inform_v and_o commence_v process_n origin_n process_n regist_n origin_n and_o other_o prosecute_v and_o bring_v to_o a_o end_n those_o which_o be_v begin_v judiciale_a begin_v reg._n judiciale_a now_o those_o which_o begin_v process_n be_v call_v original_a writ_n and_o those_o which_o promote_v and_o end_v process_n begin_v judicial_a brev._n judicial_a regist_n brev._n 1._o all_o action_n flow_v either_o from_o the_o common_a law_n or_o from_o statute_n statut._n statute_n bro._n action_n popular_a &_o sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr statut._n but_o from_o which_o soever_o they_o flow_v they_o be_v all_o either_o against_o the_o person_n or_o the_o estate_n or_o both_o 234._o both_o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 3._o n._n 234._o 2._o personal_a action_n be_v those_o which_o arise_v against_o any_o one_o from_o a_o contract_n real_a or_o impute_v or_o from_o a_o crime_n real_a and_o proper_a or_o impute_v now_o those_o writ_n which_o be_v issue_v forth_o in_o either_o case_n upon_o contract_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n these_o a_o writ_n of_o covenant_n 145._o covenant_n f._n n._n b._n foe_n 145._o of_o account_n 116._o account_n id._n 116._o of_o debt_n 119._o debt_n id._n 119._o of_o detinue_n 138._o detinue_n id._n 138._o of_o trespass_n 92._o trespass_n id._n 92._o upon_o the_o case_n in_o which_o the_o assumption_n be_v contain_v 24._o contain_v bro._n acton_n sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr case_n 24._o 3._o those_o which_o be_v issue_v out_o in_o either_o case_n as_o touch_v crime_n be_v those_o of_o trespass_n 85._o trespass_n f._n n._n b._n 85._o deceit_n 95._o deceit_n id._n 95._o break_v of_o a_o park_n 100_o park_n id._n 100_o or_o enclosure_n rescous_a 105._o rescous_a id._n 105._o attaint_n 105._o attaint_n id._n 105._o conspiracy_n 114._o conspiracy_n id._n 114._o champerty_n 171._o champerty_n id._n 171._o 4._o real_a action_n be_v those_o who_o be_v maintainable_a against_o any_o one_o not_o oblige_v to_o we_o by_o any_o right_n because_o our_o estate_n corporal_a or_o incorporal_a which_o be_v immovable_a be_v possess_v by_o he_o or_o as_o it_o be_v in_o his_o possession_n which_o he_o may_v either_o restore_v or_o name_v the_o party_n in_o who_o name_n he_o possess_v it_o as_o if_o one_o demand_n of_o any_o one_o a_o thing_n certain_a viz._n a_o fee_n land_n a_o advowson_n pretend_v once_o self_n owner_n of_o it_o and_o sue_v not_o for_o the_o value_n or_o so_o much_o in_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o the_o same_o specifical_a thing_n and_o for_o this_o that_o the_o demandant_n suppose_v the_o thing_n his_o and_o bring_v his_o action_n against_o the_o tenant_n who_o deny_v it_o the_o action_n or_o plea_n shall_v be_v against_o the_o thing_n itself_o 3._o itself_o brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 3._o n._n 3._o 5._o if_o the_o thing_n sue_v for_o be_v a_o moveabe_n as_o a_o ox_n a_o ass_n a_o garment_n or_o something_o consist_v either_o in_o weight_n or_o measure_n although_o the_o action_n or_o plea_n at_o first_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o well_o against_o the_o thing_n as_o the_o person_n because_o a_o certain_a thing_n be_v sue_v for_o and_o for_o that_o he_o who_o possess_v it_o be_v bind_v to_o restitution_n yet_o in_o truth_n the_o action_n be_v against_o the_o person_n because_o the_o party_n sue_v be_v not_o precise_o bind_v to_o restore_v the_o specifical_a thing_n but_o under_o a_o disjunction_n either_o the_o thing_n or_o its_o value_n and_o he_o be_v free_v by_o pay_v the_o value_n only_o whether_o the_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v have_v or_o not_o and_o therefore_o if_o any_o one_o claim_v a_o thing_n movable_n take_v away_o upon_o any_o occasion_n or_o lend_v he_o ought_v in_o his_o action_n to_o ascertain_v a_o value_n otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o no_o force_n nor_o signify_v any_o thing_n 60._o thing_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 4._o n._n 4._o fleta_n l._n 2._o c._n 60._o 6._o now_o of_o action_n civil_a and_o for_o a_o particular_a thing_n as_o the_o claim_n of_o a_o particular_a thing_n some_o be_v confessory_a and_o some_o negative_a confessory_a as_o where_o one_o affirm_v a_o corporal_a or_o incorporal_a thing_n to_o be_v his_o as_o a_o fee_n also_o where_o he_o affirm_v himself_o to_o have_v a_o right_n of_o go_v through_o his_o neighbour_n fee_n or_o of_o draw_v water_n even_o whether_o his_o neighbour_n will_v or_o not_o and_o it_o be_v therefore_o style_v a_o action_n for_o a_o particular_a thing_n because_o he_o require_v his_o particular_a incorporal_a thing_n viz._n his_o right_n of_o a_o way_n through_o a_o fee_n and_o confessory_a because_o it_o be_v by_o word_n of_o affirmation_n but_o a_o action_n negative_a be_v that_o which_o the_o lord_n or_o owner_n of_o a_o fee_n bring_v against_o one_o who_o be_v accustom_v to_o have_v a_o way_n through_o his_o fee_n deny_v that_o he_o have_v any_o such_o right_n and_o this_o action_n be_v say_v to_o be_v for_o a_o particular_a thing_n because_o by_o it_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n do_v by_o it_o claim_v his_o liberty_n and_o these_o kind_n of_o action_n be_v not_o for_o the_o dominion_n or_o property_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o only_o touch_v the_o right_n of_o estate_n 40._o estate_n brac._n ib._n n._n 7._o flet._n l._n 5._o c._n 37._o 38_o 39_o 40._o 7._o we_o have_v also_o something_o parallel_v to_o that_o which_o be_v ancient_o call_v actio_fw-la rescissorla_fw-it for_o if_o any_o one_o be_v dispossess_v of_o his_o estate_n be_v in_o durance_n and_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o disseisor_n the_o disseisee_n have_v liberty_n to_o recover_v his_o possession_n by_o his_o own_o proper_a act_n or_o as_o we_o term_v it_o to_o re-enter_v and_o if_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o he_o he_o may_v reverse_v it_o afterward_o by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n because_o his_o absence_n be_v not_o through_o contempt_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o durance_n and_o imprisonment_n and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v contrary_a to_o reason_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v prejudice_v by_o any_o such_o record_n and_o there_o be_v the_o same_o law_n for_o those_o who_o be_v in_o the_o king_n service_n or_o who_o be_v beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o any_o business_n which_o concern_v the_o common_a wealth_n and_o be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n disscise_v be_v unable_a to_o make_v their_o continual_a claim_n nay_o there_o be_v some_o who_o affirm_v that_o he_o who_o be_v beyond_o sea_n about_o claim_n about_o litt._n l._n 3_o c._n continual_a claim_n his_o own_o business_n if_o he_o be_v disseise_v may_v upon_o his_o return_n upon_o his_o own_o authority_n reenter_v upon_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o disseisor_n without_o bring_v his_o assize_n ibid._n assize_n id_fw-la ibid._n 8._o and_o there_o be_v something_o likewise_o which_o answer_v to_o that_o same_o actio_fw-la pauliana_fw-la and_o which_o be_v afford_v by_o a_o particular_a act_n of_o parliament_n 5._o parliament_n 13_o eliz._n c._n 5._o which_o render_v all_o manner_n of_o alienation_n of_o land_n and_o good_n make_v by_o the_o debtor_n to_o defraud_v the_o creditor_n void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n and_o moreover_o inflict_v a_o penalty_n upon_o all_o those_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o it_o and_o who_o defend_v it_o as_o lawful_a 9_o nor_o do_v we_o want_v that_o which_o equal_n the_o ancient_a actio_fw-la serviana_n for_o the_o lestor_n may_v of_o proper_a right_o distrain_v upon_o good_n which_o be_v bring_v upon_o his_o fee_n and_o detain_v they_o until_o his_o rent_n be_v satisfy_v because_o we_o also_o do_v tacit_o esteem_v these_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o gauge_n or_o pledge_n although_o this_o be_v not_o without_o distinction_n 99_o distinction_n bro._n distress_n 13._o 57_o 99_o to_o this_o also_o may_v be_v add_v that_o actio_fw-la hypâ—thecaria_fw-la &_o quasi_fw-la serviana_n for_o if_o any_o one_o receive_v money_n borrow_v of_o another_o under_o a_o pledge_n or_o pawn_n and_o can_v afterward_o receive_v his_o pawn_n upon_o tender_a of_o the_o money_n the_o creditor_n refuse_v to_o redeliver_v it_o the_o debtor_n may_v in_o this_o case_n have_v his_o action_n g._n action_n f._n n._n b._n 86._o g._n and_o he_o be_v say_v to_o sue_v upon_o a_o action_n quasi_fw-la serviana_n who_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n as_o by_o way_n mortgage_n be_v disseise_v or_o elect_v out_o of_o they_o 10._o now_o writ_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o real_a action_n be_v either_o to_o recover_v a_o property_n or_o a_o possession_n 1._o possession_n flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o those_o which_o appertain_v to_o a_o property_n be_v writ_n of_o right_n which_o be_v of_o divers_a kind_n 193._o kind_n f._n n._n b._n 1._o 6._o 11._o
bring_v a_o personal_a action_n which_o concern_v neither_o title_n of_o land_n free_a tenement_n inheritance_n or_o battery_n in_o any_o of_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n in_o which_o action_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n shall_v value_v both_o the_o debt_n and_o damage_n to_o be_v under_o forty_o shilling_n that_o the_o cost_v of_o such_o suit_n shall_v not_o be_v assign_v great_a than_o the_o principal_a value_n and_o that_o whereas_o the_o sheriff_n and_o their_o deputy_n be_v wont_v former_o to_o cite_v and_o summon_v the_o good_a people_n of_o england_n without_o any_o warrant_n or_o writ_n to_o the_o say_a court_n or_o to_o imprison_v their_o body_n or_o distrain_v their_o good_n that_o from_o thenceforth_o they_o shall_v not_o dare_v to_o attempt_v the_o like_a and_o he_o that_o make_v default_n in_o this_o or_o cause_v another_o to_o do_v so_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o prison_n without_o bail_n or_o mainprize_n until_o he_o have_v beside_o damage_n and_o cost_v of_o suit_n pay_v ten_o pound_n to_o the_o party_n injure_v and_o twenty_o pound_n to_o the_o exchequer_n 6_o exchequer_n 43._o eliz._n c._n 6_o 4._o nor_o shall_v a_o man_n escape_v unpunished_a for_o move_v or_o begin_v every_o suit_n rash_o for_o in_o some_o case_n if_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o the_o defendant_n appearance_n desist_v he_o shall_v pay_v cost_v 15._o cost_v 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 15._o as_o informer_n upon_o penal_a statute_n if_o after_o the_o suit_n begin_v they_o delay_v discontinue_v or_o be_v nonsuit_n in_o the_o same_o or_o have_v the_o trial_n or_o matter_n pass_v against_o they_o by_o verdict_n or_o judgement_n of_o law_n they_o shall_v pay_v unto_o the_o defendant_n his_o damage_n and_o cost_v which_o shall_v be_v assign_v he_o by_o the_o court._n 5._o court._n 18._o eliz._n c._n 5._o 5._o so_o also_o they_o who_o indict_v or_o impeach_v any_o one_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o any_o crime_n whereby_o their_o life_n credit_n or_o estate_n be_v in_o jeopardy_n be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n of_o conspiracy_n 1._o conspiracy_n 33_o e._n 1._o sta._n 3._o 3_o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o which_o presume_v malice_n whereby_o they_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o pay_v the_o full_a damage_n sustain_v by_o such_o accusation_n or_o eviction_n â—_o eviction_n f._n n._n b_o f._n 115._o â—_o and_o in_o some_o case_n they_o shall_v pay_v treble_a damage_n 10._o damage_n 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 10._o 6._o and_o i_o have_v hear_v from_o some_o practiser_n that_o if_o any_o one_o in_o forma_fw-la pauperis_fw-la procure_v a_o liberty_n of_o bring_v his_o action_n in_o the_o upper_a bench_n common_a plea_n or_o the_o chancery_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n 12._o statute_n 11._o h._n 7._o c._n 12._o and_o betray_v rather_o a_o spirit_n of_o contention_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o suit_n than_o a_o just_a cause_n that_o such_o person_n shall_v have_v corporal_a punishment_n 15._o punishment_n 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 15._o 7._o but_o our_o ancestor_n be_v wont_a to_o deter_v man_n from_o their_o light_n and_o rash_a suit_n by_o a_o oath_n for_o it_o be_v prohibit_v every_o one_o to_o bring_v any_o action_n of_o battery_n before_o the_o king_n justice_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o wound_n or_o maim_n without_o they_o first_o make_v oath_n that_o his_o plaint_n be_v true_a or_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o good_n take_v without_o make_v oath_n that_o the_o good_n take_v be_v worth_a forty_o shilling_n at_o the_o least_o 8._o least_o 6_o e._n 1._o c._n 8._o 8._o there_o be_v many_o statute_n make_v by_o the_o no_o less_o prudence_n than_o equity_n of_o former_a parliament_n 523._o parliament_n 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 30._o 18_o eliz._n c._n 14._o 27_o eliz_n c._n 5_o &_o 6._o blow_n 83._o 522_o 523._o for_o the_o speedy_a decide_n of_o suit_n which_o that_o they_o may_v be_v prefer_v before_o private_a end_n and_o profit_n be_v to_o be_v wish_v by_o all_o good_a man_n in_o regard_n rhey_n do_v principal_o recommend_v the_o truth_n of_o cause_n to_o the_o justistice_n reject_v all_o malicious_a calumny_n of_o those_o who_o be_v subtle_a and_o litigious_a and_o among_o these_o that_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v number_v by_o which_o the_o craft_n and_o knavery_n of_o under-sheriff_n and_o their_o officer_n and_o bailiff_n be_v restrain_v 12_o restrain_v 27_o eliz._n c._n 12_o of_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o judge_n tit._n xvii_o our_o king_n be_v wont_v formert_o at_o their_o inauguration_n or_o coronation_n to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o this_o effect_n viz._n that_o they_o will_v keep_v inviolate_a all_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o holy_a church_n which_o be_v grant_v unto_o she_o by_o the_o christian_a king_n of_o england_n that_o they_o will_v keep_v without_o impair_n or_o diminution_n all_o and_o singular_a the_o land_n and_o dignity_n appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o endeavour_v with_o all_o their_o power_n the_o restitution_n of_o such_o as_o be_v impair_v or_o lose_v if_o any_o be_v that_o they_o will_v cherish_v the_o quiet_a and_o peace_n of_o the_o church_n clergy_n and_o people_n that_o they_o will_v keep_v and_o observe_v the_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v receive_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n and_o abrogate_v all_o such_o custom_n and_o law_n which_o be_v ill_a and_o naught_o and_o last_o that_o they_o will_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n assure_v peace_n to_o the_o people_n of_o their_o kingdom_n and_o procure_v it_o from_o other_o 7._o other_o brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 9_o n._n 2._o f._n n._n b_o 232._o a._n spec._n justice_n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o 1._o the_o oath_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o superior_a court_n and_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o eychequer_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n viz._n that_o they_o will_v well_o and_o true_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n and_o not_o consent_v to_o any_o thing_n which_o may_v tend_v to_o their_o prejudice_n or_o exheredation_n that_o they_o will_v not_o take_v fee_fw-mi nor_o robe_n of_o any_o man_n but_o the_o king_n that_o they_o will_v not_o take_v any_o gift_n of_o any_o one_o who_o cause_n be_v depend_v before_o they_o except_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o that_o of_o a_o small_a value_n nor_o any_o thing_n for_o any_o cause_n after_o it_o be_v try_v 10._o try_v brac._n ib._n c._n 8_o n._n 2_o 3._o &_o n._n 9_o 10._o that_o they_o will_v not_o give_v counsel_n to_o any_o one_o in_o any_o case_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o be_v at_o the_o king_n will_v as_o to_o body_n and_o good_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v deter_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n from_o do_v and_o administer_a justice_n to_o any_o one_o 10._o one_o brac._n ib._n c._n 8_o n._n 2_o 3._o &_o n._n 9_o 10._o 2._o this_o we_o have_v even_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n 27_o beginning_n 2_o e._n 3._o c._n 8._o 20_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o dier_n 138._o n._n 27_o unto_o this_o present_a that_o where_o any_o one_o be_v sue_v in_o case_n of_o property_n of_o a_o fee_n simple_n for_o land_n or_o tenement_n it_o be_v at_o his_o choice_n whether_o he_o will_v be_v try_v by_o his_o country_n or_o by_o battle_n if_o he_o prefer_v to_o be_v try_v by_o his_o country_n the_o business_n be_v determine_v by_o a_o grand_a assize_n but_o if_o by_o battle_n than_o a_o day_n be_v appoint_v 42._o appoint_v glan_n l._n 2._o c._n 6._o &_o 7._o brit._n c._n 42._o upon_o which_o the_o case_n be_v commit_v to_o two_o combatant_n who_o we_o call_v champion_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o single_a duel_n between_o who_o it_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o event_n 42._o event_n dierf_n 301._o n._n 40._o 41._o 42._o 3._o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o nation_n require_v also_o that_o all_o trial_n of_o private_a action_n except_o a_o few_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o fact_n 114._o fact_n plough_v 92._o 114._o shall_v be_v determine_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o free_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o same_o vicinage_n who_o be_v neither_o ally_v to_o either_o party_n 7._o party_n dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o or_o hinder_v by_o any_o just_a exception_n challenge_n exception_n dier_n 144._o n._n 59_o 176._o n._n 27._o 177._o n._n 33_o 316_o n._n 3._o bro._n tit._n challenge_n 4._o those_o who_o be_v indict_v for_o any_o capital_a crime_n or_o felony_n before_o a_o judge_n unless_o any_o question_n arise_v touch_v matter_n of_o law_n be_v not_o allow_v council_n yet_o the_o law_n require_v that_o the_o judge_n himself_o shall_v instruct_v the_o party_n in_o all_o thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o form_n of_o his_o defence_n lest_o a_o ignorant_a innocency_n endanger_v his_o life_n 63._o life_n fortesc_n c._n 27._o dr
stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 84._o stamf._n plea_n l._n 2._o c._n 63._o but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o appeal_v he_o may_v make_v use_n of_o other_o for_o his_o defence_n and_o if_o he_o be_v so_o poor_a that_o through_o want_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o procure_v counsel_n the_o judge_n ought_v upon_o his_o request_n to_o assign_v he_o a_o patron_n to_o plead_v for_o he_o ib._n he_o dr._n stu._n ib._n 5._o as_o for_o the_o sum_n in_o which_o any_o one_o suppose_v himself_o to_o be_v prejudice_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o trespass_n commit_v against_o he_o the_o justice_n do_v proportion_n it_o either_o by_o the_o verdict_n of_o a_o jury_n or_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o own_o office_n 1._o office_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 1._o for_o they_o do_v after_o that_o the_o cost_n be_v tax_v by_o a_o jury_n augment_v they_o upon_o cause_n show_v 6._o if_o the_o juror_n be_v swear_v upon_o their_o go_v together_o can_v agree_v upon_o their_o verdict_n so_o that_o there_o be_v any_o danger_n that_o they_o may_v perish_v through_o hunger_n because_o the_o common_a law_n prohibit_v they_o from_o eat_v and_o drink_v without_o the_o judge_n leave_v until_o they_o be_v agree_v together_o upon_o their_o verdict_n when_o any_o such_o danger_n appear_v the_o judge_n may_v permit_v they_o to_o eat_v and_o drink_v and_o remit_v they_o again_o to_o consult_v and_o if_o at_o length_n they_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n agree_v he_o may_v have_v amerce_v they_o discharge_v they_o and_o appoint_v other_o in_o their_o stead_n 52._o stead_n dr._n stu._n l_o 2._o c._n 52._o 7._o we_o have_v before_o mention_v and_o declare_v that_o that_o action_n which_o be_v call_v noxâ—lis_fw-la actio_fw-la be_v whole_o unknown_a to_o we_o book_n we_o tit._n 8._o of_o this_o book_n since_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o judge_n to_o appeal_v to_o in_o this_o case_n we_o need_v not_o trouble_v ourselves_o with_o observation_n concern_v it_o 8._o if_o in_o a_o real_a action_n judgement_n shalâ—…_n pass_v for_o the_o tenant_n the_o demandant_n shalâ—…_n only_o be_v adjudge_v to_o pay_v cost_n of_o suit_n but_o iâ—…_n it_o pass_v for_o the_o demandant_n the_o judge_n shalâ—…_n condemn_v he_o to_o pay_v damage_n and_o cost_v oâ—…_n suit_n and_o shall_v command_v the_o sheriff_n register_n sheriff_n scire_fw-la facias_fw-la f._n n._n b._n in_o the_o index_n throughout_o and_o in_o the_o register_n or_o in_o case_n it_o touch_v any_o benefice_n than_o the_o ordinary_a 38._o ordinary_a f._n n._n b._n 38._o to_o put_v the_o demandant_n into_o possession_n which_o the_o sheriff_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v without_o delay_n and_o this_o be_v true_a whether_o the_o demandant_n sue_v as_o heir_n or_o otherwise_o and_o whether_o the_o tenant_n be_v a_o intruder_n or_o not_o for_o if_o he_o be_v a_o disseisor_n or_o forceable_a intruder_n he_o be_v worthy_a rather_o of_o punishment_n than_o favour_n but_o if_o he_o be_v not_o than_o the_o jury_n lie_v little_a or_o no_o damage_n upon_o he_o 5._o he_o brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 3._o &_o 5._o 9_o a_o action_n be_v chief_o in_o case_n of_o movable_n but_o as_o concern_v movable_n we_o never_o sue_v for_o they_o in_o specie_fw-la as_o i_o say_v before_o but_o only_o propose_v the_o value_n and_o have_v prove_v the_o thing_n in_o action_n to_o be_v we_o and_o the_o value_n so_o much_o we_o recover_v either_o the_o thing_n itself_o or_o the_o value_n i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o defendant_n can_v be_v compel_v by_o our_o law_n to_o restore_v the_o thing_n in_o action_n yet_o in_o the_o case_n of_o land_n or_o a_o incorporeal_a right_n the_o demandant_n or_o tenant_n may_v require_v the_o view_n of_o the_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v out_o of_o necessity_n and_o not_o to_o protract_v in_o which_o case_n the_o judge_n command_v the_o sheriff_n that_o at_o a_o day_n assiign_v he_o cause_v a_o view_n to_o be_v take_v by_o such_o viewer_n or_o surveyor_n as_o may_v certify_v the_o court_n at_o another_o day_n touch_v the_o quantity_n 10._o that_o which_o the_o roman_n call_v judicium_fw-la familiae_fw-la eriscundae_fw-la we_o term_v partition_n of_o a_o inheritance_n but_o whereas_o they_o divide_v as_o well_o movable_n as_o immovables_n among_o heir_n we_o only_o make_v partition_n of_o immovables_n among_o those_o who_o either_o the_o common_a law_n or_o the_o custom_n of_o any_o place_n entitle_v to_o a_o equal_a part_n of_o a_o inheritance_n 2._o inheritance_n lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 1_o 2._o now_o this_o partition_n be_v make_v either_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o heir_n or_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o magistrate_n that_o which_o be_v by_o consent_n may_v either_o be_v so_o make_v that_o the_o estate_n be_v divide_v into_o equal_a part_n the_o elder_a shall_v have_v the_o first_o choice_n and_o so_o the_o rest_n in_o their_o order_n or_o else_o by_o lot_n partition_n lot_n id._n ib._n term_n of_o the_o law_n v._o partition_n the_o form_n of_o that_o which_o be_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o magistrate_n we_o find_v describe_v at_o large_a by_o bracton_n and_o littleton_n ib._n littleton_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 33_o 34._o lit._n ib._n in_o which_o this_o be_v last_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v assign_v to_o one_o in_o one_o place_n over_o and_o above_o their_o due_n shall_v be_v recompense_v to_o the_o other_o in_o another_o place_n 8._o place_n brac._n c._n 33._o n._n 8._o 11._o those_o who_o hold_v joint_o whether_o they_o be_v joynt-tenant_n or_o tenant_n in_o common_a can_v be_v force_v by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o make_v partition_n yet_o this_o be_v change_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 32._o parliament_n 31._o h._n 8._o c._n 1_o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 32._o wherefore_o at_o this_o day_n if_o partition_n be_v make_v among_o these_o the_o same_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v which_o we_o mention_v in_o case_n of_o coheir_n 9_o coheir_n see_v this_o title_n sect._n 9_o 12._o where_o either_o or_o any_o of_o those_o who_o fee_n or_o villiage_n border_n upon_o each_o other_o desire_v to_o make_v distinction_n of_o their_o bound_n they_o may_v have_v a_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n that_o he_o shall_v determine_v and_o bound_v their_o limit_n equal_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o a_o jury_n of_o 12._o man_n the_o most_o discreet_a of_o the_o vicinage_n swear_v for_o this_o purpose_n 134._o purpose_n f._n n._n b._n fol._n 134._o which_o partition_n he_o shall_v certify_v under_o his_o own_o seal_n &_o the_o seal_n of_o four_o knight_n who_o be_v present_a at_o the_o business_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n assign_v and_o if_o either_o be_v unwilling_a to_o have_v their_o bound_n limit_v as_o be_v the_o party_n who_o happy_o do_v commit_v the_o injury_n the_o other_o may_v obtain_v a_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o require_v he_o to_o set_v equal_a bound_n and_o limit_n 128._o limit_n term_n of_o the_o law_n v._o perambulation_n f._n n._n b._n fol._n 128._o 13._o now_o whatsoever_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o supreme_a power_n or_o the_o justice_n upon_o such_o certificate_n to_o each_o that_o shall_v immediate_o become_v they_o to_o who_o it_o be_v adjudge_v 1_o adjudge_v lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 1_o of_o public_a judgement_n tit._n xviii_o as_o for_o those_o punishment_n which_o be_v inflict_v upon_o malefactor_n some_o extend_v to_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n some_o of_o a_o member_n other_o of_o city_n burrough_n or_o province_n some_o to_o perpetual_a banishment_n or_o for_o a_o time_n some_o to_o the_o restrain_v the_o body_n as_o by_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n or_o imprisonment_n for_o a_o time_n some_o to_o beat_v whip_a or_o the_o pillory_n some_o also_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o dignity_n and_o order_n or_o to_o a_o privation_n or_o prohibition_n of_o any_o thing_n 16._o thing_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 6._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 16._o 1._o among_o these_o that_o be_v reckon_v chief_n in_o regard_n of_o its_o heinousnesse_n 124._o heinousnesse_n coo._n l._n 4._o beverleys_n case_n 124._o which_o we_o call_v treason_n now_o treason_n 21._o treason_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 21._o be_v either_o high_a or_o petite_fw-fr high_a treason_n be_v that_o which_o the_o roman_n call_v laesa_fw-la majestas_fw-la and_o this_o before_o the_o alteration_n of_o our_o government_n be_v dierse_a way_n commit_v as_o by_o kill_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n the_o queen_n or_o their_o son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a by_o ravish_v majeste_fw-fr ravish_v spec._n just_o l._n 1._o c._n deal_v peche_n de_fw-fr majeste_fw-fr the_o wife_n or_o elder_a daughter_n of_o the_o king_n if_o she_o be_v unmarried_a or_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o king_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a by_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n within_o his_o kingdom_n 56._o kingdom_n dyer_n
other_o viz._n not_o only_o those_o who_o kill_v their_o kinsman_n but_o even_o those_o also_o who_o do_v by_o any_o capital_a deceit_n plot_v any_o thing_n against_o their_o estate_n member_n or_o honour_n as_o also_o those_o servant_n who_o commit_v any_o such_o crime_n against_o their_o mast_n or_o who_o lie_v with_o their_o master_n wife_n daughter_n or_o concubine_n or_o counterfeit_v their_o seal_n 2._o seal_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 37._o spec._n just_o l._n 2._o now_o the_o punishment_n due_a to_o this_o crime_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o prison_n to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n and_o there_o to_o be_v hang_v by_o the_o neck_n until_o they_o be_v dead_a 37._o dead_a cromp._n just_o fol._n 18._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 37._o but_o a_o woman_n be_v punish_v for_o this_o in_o the_o case_n of_o high_a treason_n their_o good_n also_o be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o their_o land_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o king_n be_v wont_a to_o have_v a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o waste_v 2._o waste_v stanf._n l._n 1._o 6._o 2._o 11._o the_o residue_n of_o capital_a crime_n be_v comprehend_v under_o that_o one_o name_n of_o felony_n although_o felony_n in_o a_o more_o large_a signification_n include_v treason_n 333._o treason_n lamb._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o blow_n 333._o and_o be_v sometime_o more_o strict_o extend_v to_o murder_n 14._o murder_n perk._n 349._o 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 14._o 12._o of_o felony_n there_o be_v some_o which_o be_v against_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o some_o which_o be_v against_o private_a person_n principal_o though_o by_o consequence_n they_o also_o be_v against_o the_o commonwealth_n oâ—_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v raise_v of_o devil_n witchcraft_n conjure_v by_o which_o any_o one_o be_v kill_v or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o after_o the_o first_o conviction_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o body_n of_o any_o party_n lie_v sick_a and_o languish_a and_o these_o former_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o felony_n 16._o felony_n 5_o eliz._n c._n 16._o but_o at_o this_o day_n those_o who_o use_v invocation_n conjuration_n or_o raise_v of_o devil_n or_o who_o take_v counsel_n of_o evil_a spirit_n make_v any_o bargain_n with_o they_o or_o deal_v with_o they_o by_o way_n of_o commerce_n or_o who_o do_v any_o way_n command_n cherish_v or_o reward_v they_o for_o any_o end_n or_o purpose_n those_o who_o dig_v up_o any_o dead_a body_n out_o of_o a_o grave_a or_o dormitory_n or_o who_o draw_v off_o the_o skin_n or_o the_o bone_n of_o any_o dead_a body_n to_o use_v they_o in_o enchantment_n last_o those_o who_o practice_n any_o manner_n of_o enchantment_n charm_n or_o sorcery_n whereby_o any_o person_n shall_v be_v kill_v destroy_v waste_a consume_v pine_a or_o lame_v that_o such_o offender_n their_o aider_n abettor_n and_o counsellor_n shall_v suffer_v pain_n of_o death_n as_o felon_n without_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n and_o it_o be_v further_o provide_v for_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o such_o wicked_a blasphemy_n that_o whosoever_o shall_v take_v upon_o they_o by_o witchcraft_n enchantment_n charm_n or_o sorcery_n to_o tell_v or_o declare_v in_o what_o place_n any_o treasure_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n may_v be_v find_v or_o lie_v hide_v or_o to_o provoke_v any_o person_n to_o unlawful_a love_n or_o to_o destroy_v and_o waste_v any_o one_o cattle_n or_o good_n or_o to_o destroy_v or_o hurt_v any_o one_o person_n although_o the_o same_o be_v not_o effect_v or_o do_v every_o such_o offender_n shall_v suffer_v a_o year_n imprisonment_n without_o bail_n or_o mainprize_n and_o once_o in_o every_o quarter_n of_o the_o say_a year_n shall_v in_o some_o market_n town_n stand_v open_o upon_o the_o pillory_n for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o hour_n and_o there_o open_o confess_v their_o error_n but_o if_o be_v once_o convict_v they_o do_v again_o commit_v the_o offence_n they_o shall_v suffer_v death_n without_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n 12_o clergy_n 1._o jam._n c._n 12_o 13._o and_o hither_o we_o may_v apt_o refer_v that_o sodomitical_a sin_n with_o bruit_n beast_n 16_o beast_n 25._o h._n 8._o c._n 16_o the_o entertain_v of_o jesuit_n &_o priest_n bring_v up_o in_o the_o seminary_n beyond_o the_o sea_n 2._o sea_n 27._o eliz._n c._n 2._o the_o sefuse_v of_o abjuration_n by_o papist_n and_o their_o return_n into_o england_n after_o have_v abjure_v 2._o abjure_v 35._o eliz._n c._n 1._o 2._o the_o assemble_v of_o rebel_n expire_v rebel_n 1._o mar._n c._n 12._o which_o statute_n be_v now_o expire_v the_o art_n of_o multiply_a gold_n or_o silver_n 4._o silver_n 5._o h._n 4._o c._n 4._o the_o procure_n or_o cause_v of_o congregation_n of_o mason_n to_o be_v assemble_v 1._o assemble_v 3_o h._n 6._o c._n 1._o the_o departure_n of_o soldier_n mariner_n ot_fw-mi gunner_n from_o their_o captain_n 5._o captain_n 18._o h._n 6._o c._n 19_o 2._o and._n 3._o e._n 6._o c._n 2._o 4._o 5._o the_o exportation_n of_o horse_n into_o scotland_n 7._o scotland_n 23._o h_o 8._o c._n 16._o 1._o eliz._n c._n 7._o the_o convey_n of_o sheep_n beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o second_o time_n 3._o time_n 8._o eliz._n c._n 3._o the_o return_n of_o vagabond_n into_o england_n have_v be_v banish_v 4._o banish_v 39_o eliz._n c._n 4._o the_o cheat_n and_o robbing_n of_o those_o vagabond_n which_o call_v themselves_o egyptian_n 20._o egyptian_n 1._o 2_o phil._n and_o mar._n c._n 4._o 5._o eliz._n c._n 20._o the_o idle_a wander_a of_o soldier_n and_o mariner_n ibid._n mariner_n ibid._n the_o counterfeit_n or_o deceitful_a use_n of_o letter_n testimoniall_n 17_o testimoniall_n ib._n 39_o eliz._n c._n 4._o 17_o the_o ride_v in_o arm_n to_o commit_v a_o felony_n 2._o felony_n 25._o ed._n 3._o c._n 2._o the_o break_n or_o cut_v of_o the_o bank_n in_o marshland_n 19_o marshland_n 2._o and_o 3._o phil._n and_o mar._n c._n 19_o 14._o and_o like_v unto_o these_o seem_v those_o felony_n which_o spring_v from_o break_v of_o prison_n as_o where_o one_o be_v imprison_v for_o felony_n or_o for_o suspicion_n of_o felony_n and_o break_v â—orth_o as_o also_o where_o a_o gaoler_n let_v such_o a_o person_n forth_o free_o which_o we_o call_v a_o voluntary_a escape_n or_o last_o the_o assistance_n and_o help_n in_o a_o three_o person_n which_o we_o call_v rescous_a 60._o rescous_a lamb._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o p._n 224._o 226._o dier_n foe_n 90._o n._n 60._o foe_n 165._o n._n 60._o the_o make_n bring_v into_o the_o kingdom_n or_o sell_v that_o kind_n of_o money_n which_o our_o ancestor_n call_v galley_n halfpence_n suâ—kins_n dotkins_n and_o blank_n 1._o blank_n 3._o h._n 5._o c._n 1._o the_o imbecil_v of_o a_o record_n 12._o record_n 8._o h._n 6._o c._n 12._o the_o violent_a oppress_v the_o subject_a by_o the_o king_n purveiour_n or_o other_o 8_o other_o 4._o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o 5._o e._n 3._o c._n 2_o 25._o 4._o 3._o c._n 15._o 36._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o and_o 4._o 5._o r._n 2._o c._n 8_o the_o compel_a of_o any_o prisoner_n by_o the_o gaoler_n by_o duress_n of_o imprisonment_n and_o pain_n to_o become_v a_o appellor_n against_o his_o will_n 10._o will_n 14._o e._n 3._o c._n 10._o and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o felony_n 15._o felony_n which_o do_v primary_o and_o chief_o concern_v private_a person_n be_v such_o as_o reflect_v to_o the_o hurt_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o body_n only_o or_o the_o body_n and_o good_n or_o the_o good_n only_o 218._o only_o lamb._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o foe_n 218._o those_o which_o hurt_v the_o body_n be_v such_o which_o either_o take_v away_o life_n or_o bring_v some_o other_o enormous_a injury_n upon_o it_o though_o not_o mortal_a those_o which_o take_v away_o life_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o homicide_n 23._o homicide_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 23._o but_o this_o have_v diverse_a appellation_n and_o cause_n from_o the_o diverse_a intent_n of_o the_o party_n offend_v for_o that_o which_o be_v commit_v through_o malice_n prepense_a be_v call_v murder_n 3_o murder_n blow_n 474._o glan_n l._n 11._o c._n 3._o â—rac_fw-la l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 2._o c._n 4_o n._n 2._o dier_n 〈◊〉_d 69._o n._n 28._o &_o â—9_n foe_fw-mi 186._o n._n 3_o and_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n and_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n here_o of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n which_o our_o ancestor_n use_v that_o he_o who_o commit_v murder_n be_v hang_v up_o alive_a by_o his_o whole_a body_n upon_o a_o gibber_v and_o be_v not_o upon_o any_o condition_n to_o be_v let_v down_o until_o he_o die_v through_o hunger_n but_o i_o read_v nothing_o of_o this_o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o custom_n it_o be_v long_a time_n change_v for_o at_o this_o day_n they_o as_o other_o felon_n be_v strangle_v with_o a_o halter_n and_o in_o this_o only_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o
felon_n that_o their_o body_n be_v hang_v up_o on_o high_a in_o some_o public_a road_n near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v commit_v as_o a_o object_n to_o those_o which_o pass_v by_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v remove_v until_o they_o be_v consume_v now_o there_o be_v other_o who_o show_v more_o at_o large_a how_o and_o by_o what_o way_n murder_n may_v be_v commit_v 230._o commit_v stan._n plea_n crow_n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o lamb._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o foe_n 230._o 16._o and_o it_o be_v murder_v also_o where_o any_o one_o kill_v himself_o for_o such_o a_o person_n be_v call_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la in_o which_o case_n christian_a burial_n be_v forbid_a and_o all_o the_o party_n go_v d_n and_o chattel_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o supreme_a power_n to_o be_v dispose_v of_o to_o pious_a use_n 253._o use_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1_o c._n 31._o pâ—ow_v foe_fw-mi 253._o yet_o some_o there_o be_v who_o distinguish_v whether_o the_o party_n lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o himself_o through_o fear_n of_o judgement_n or_o be_v weary_a of_o his_o life_n or_o through_o the_o violence_n of_o some_o disease_n for_o in_o the_o first_o case_n as_o other_o felon_n he_o lose_v both_o his_o land_n and_o chattel_n in_o the_o second_o his_o chattel_n only_o and_o in_o the_o three_o he_o forfeit_v nothing_o 36_o nothing_o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 36_o 17._o that_o which_o be_v commit_v through_o sudden_a passion_n &_o anger_n be_v call_v simple_a 3._o simple_a glan_n l._n 14._o c._n 3._o homicide_n or_o manslaughter_n and_o it_o be_v punishable_a with_o death_n also_o yet_o such_o be_v the_o commiseration_n of_o humane_a weakness_n with_o we_o or_o the_o pious_a instigation_n to_o learning_n that_o he_o who_o be_v convict_v of_o this_o crime_n the_o first_o time_n if_o he_o can_v read_v perfect_o and_o distinct_o as_o a_o clerk_n ought_v to_o do_v be_v free_v from_o death_n and_o his_o land_n and_o good_n be_v forfeit_v be_v only_o burn_v in_o the_o hand_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o may_v be_v know_v if_o he_o commit_v the_o like_a crime_n again_o and_o commit_v it_o the_o second_o time_n he_o be_v to_o die_v without_o mercy_n 7_o mercy_n 18._o eliz_n â—_o 7_o but_o so_o great_a have_v be_v the_o bloody_a wickedness_n of_o these_o time_n that_o this_o law_n have_v be_v somewhat_o more_o exasperate_v for_o now_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o k._n james_n his_o time_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o he_o who_o stab_v another_o who_o have_v never_o a_o weapon_n draw_v or_o who_o do_v not_o provoke_v he_o by_o strike_v first_o shall_v loose_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n although_o there_o do_v no_o precedent_a malice_n appear_v if_o the_o party_n die_v within_o six_o month_n unless_o it_o be_v do_v in_o his_o own_o defence_n or_o for_o the_o necessary_a conservation_n of_o the_o public_a place_n 8._o place_n 1._o ja._n c._n 8._o now_o this_o favour_n of_o clergy_n be_v not_o only_o grant_v to_o these_o but_o even_o to_o all_o other_o felon_n unless_o where_o it_o be_v deny_v by_o some_o particular_a act_n of_o parliament_n 12._o parliament_n 23._o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o 25._o h._n 8._o c_o 3_o 26_o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o the_o other_o kind_n of_o homicide_n be_v not_o account_v felony_n 248._o felony_n lamb._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o foe_n 248._o 18._o for_o every_o homicide_n which_o be_v without_o malice_n be_v either_o necessary_a or_o casual_a 49_o casual_a west_n simbol_n part_n 2._o foe_n 48_o 49_o that_o which_o be_v necessary_a be_v likewise_o double_a one_o which_o can_v be_v decline_v without_o prejudice_n to_o public_a justice_n the_o other_o which_o can_v be_v avoid_v without_o the_o death_n of_o the_o innocent_a a_o example_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n may_v be_v give_v in_o the_o case_n of_o kill_v a_o robber_n or_o thief_n who_o can_v otherwise_o be_v apprehend_v and_o of_o the_o late_a in_o case_n where_o one_o kill_v another_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n the_o former_a be_v free_a from_o all_o manner_n of_o punishment_n 5_o punishment_n stanf_n l_o 1_o c_o 5_o the_o late_a not_o simple_o for_o it_o be_v material_a that_o the_o party_n who_o be_v slay_v set_v upon_o the_o party_n that_o kill_v he_o in_o his_o own_o house_n or_o near_o the_o ordinary_a highway_n with_o a_o malicious_a intention_n to_o kill_v or_o rob_v he_o or_o in_o case_n that_o he_o be_v move_v with_o sudden_a passion_n and_o pursue_v the_o party_n defend_v himself_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o so_o far_o until_o he_o can_v fly_v no_o further_o for_o in_o the_o one_o case_n he_o kill_v he_o without_o incur_v any_o punishment_n at_o all_o 7_o all_o 11_o e_o 1_o 1_o mar_n c_o 12_o stan_n l_o 1_o c_o 6_o 7_o but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n he_o lose_v his_o good_n 9_o good_n 6_o e_z 1_o c_o 9_o nor_o be_v he_o receive_v and_o take_v into_o grace_n without_o the_o express_a pleasure_n and_o indulgency_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v grant_v and_o obtain_v of_o course_n 19_o casual_a homicide_n be_v double_a likewise_o one_o which_o be_v mere_o through_o misfortune_n the_o other_o which_o be_v mix_v also_o with_o some_o fault_n in_o the_o party_n who_o kill_v the_o other_o that_o often_o happen_v in_o the_o lawful_a prosecution_n of_o a_o lawful_a act_n and_o often_o from_o a_o bruit_n or_o a_o inanimate_a thing_n of_o the_o first_o kind_n be_v where_o any_o one_o be_v kill_v with_o the_o fall_n of_o a_o arm_n or_o lop_n of_o a_o tree_n or_o a_o tile_n from_o a_o house_n after_o warn_v give_v by_o the_o party_n who_o be_v either_o lop_n or_o til_v indictment_n til_v west_n simbol_n part_n 2_o sec_n 50_o do_fw-mi indictment_n to_o which_o also_o may_v be_v add_v that_o which_o may_v happen_v in_o just_n and_o tournement_n in_o regard_n the_o party_n who_o be_v there_o in_o action_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v trial_n of_o their_o strength_n in_o the_o way_n of_o friendship_n and_o therefore_o k._n henry_n the_o second_o ordain_v that_o those_o shall_v be_v pardon_v thereby_o give_v they_o to_o understand_v how_o much_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o perform_v for_o the_o king_n sake_n when_o require_v coroner_n require_v spec_n justice_n l_o 1_o c_o deal_v office_n del_fw-it coroner_n of_o the_o second_o fort_n be_v where_o any_o be_v sudden_o drown_v in_o fall_v from_o a_o ship_n boat_n or_o bridge_n or_o slay_v with_o a_o cart_n mill_n or_o the_o like_a in_o which_o case_n we_o have_v before_o relate_v what_o our_o law_n determine_v 25._o determine_v fleta_n l._n 1._o c._n 25._o 20._o homicide_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o some_o fault_n of_o the_o party_n who_o kill_v the_o other_o and_o yet_o be_v casual_a or_o accidental_a be_v where_o one_o that_o be_v lop_n of_o a_o tree_n or_o til_v of_o a_o house_n happen_v to_o kill_v another_o with_o a_o lop_n or_o tile_n not_o have_v give_v any_o warning_n 8._o warning_n stanf._n plea_n crown_n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o of_o which_o kind_a other_o draw_v many_o example_n 17._o example_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 31._o 26_o h._n 8._o c._n 16._o 5_o eliz._n c._n 17._o 21._o felony_n which_o be_v commit_v upon_o the_o body_n and_o yet_o deprive_v it_o not_o of_o life_n be_v where_o any_o one_o out_o of_o malice_n cut_v out_o the_o tongue_n either_o of_o a_o man_n or_o beast_n or_o pull_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o any_o subject_a 17._o subject_a 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o 5_o eliz._n c._n 17._o or_o commit_v the_o horrible_a and_o abominable_a sin_n of_o sodomy_n with_o a_o man_n 37._o man_n fleta_n l._n 1._o c._n 37._o but_o those_o who_o commit_v any_o kind_n of_o sodomy_n be_v use_v to_o be_v bury_v alive_a in_o the_o earth_n 7._o earth_n 3_o h._n 7._o c._n 2._o lamb._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o or_o have_v steal_v away_o a_o widow_n wife_n or_o virgin_n who_o have_v a_o estate_n in_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o who_o have_v good_n or_o chattel_n or_o who_o be_v heir_n apparent_a to_o her_o ancestor_n and_o marry_v she_o be_v so_o steal_v away_o against_o her_o will_n or_o commit_v a_o rape_n upon_o she_o or_o he_o who_o assist_v 7._o assist_v lamb._n ib._n 18_o eliz._n c._n 7._o any_o one_o in_o the_o commit_n of_o such_o crime_n he_o also_o where_o any_o one_o have_v the_o carnal_a knowledge_n of_o any_o woman_n who_o be_v under_o the_o age_n of_o ten_o year_n old_a whether_o it_o be_v with_o her_o will_n and_o consent_n or_o without_o 6._o without_o 12._o h._n 4._o c._n 13._o stanf._n l._n 1._o c._n 14._o glan_n l._n 14_o c._n 6._o or_o last_o where_o any_o one_o commit_v a_o rape_n upon_o any_o woman_n whatsoever_o to_o these_o we_o may_v also_o add_v he_o who_o marry_v a_o second_o wife_n in_o the_o life_n time_n
after_o the_o fact_n be_v where_o any_o one_o witting_o or_o ignorant_o 36._o ignorant_o dier_n foe_n 355_o n._n 36._o receive_v cherish_v assi_v and_o comfort_v a_o felon_n 46._o felon_n stanf._n l._n 1._o c._n 46._o or_o who_o receive_v steal_a good_n to_o keep_v they_o or_o to_o dispose_v of_o they_o together_o with_o the_o thief_n 295._o thief_n fulb._n par_fw-fr theft_n foe_n 202._o lamb._n foe_o 295._o but_o a_o wife_n who_o in_o this_o case_n conceal_v the_o secret_a of_o her_o hushand_n be_v exculable_a through_o the_o necessity_n of_o her_o duty_n 46._o duty_n stanf._n l._n 1._o c._n 46._o which_o be_v also_o true_a in_o case_n she_o commit_v the_o fact_n upon_o his_o command_n 19_o command_n id._n ib._n c._n 19_o and_o there_o be_v also_o accessory_n of_o accessory_n as_o where_o any_o one_o do_v witting_o receive_v the_o accessary_a of_o a_o accessary_a ib._n accessary_a id._n ib._n 33._o the_o punishment_n due_a to_o felon_n both_o principal_n as_o accessory_n be_v to_o hang_v by_o the_o neck_n until_o they_o die_v and_o to_o forfeit_v their_o good_n and_o land_n if_o they_o have_v any_o 124._o any_o 24_o h._n 8._o c._n 45_o coo._n l._n 4._o beverleys_n case_n 124._o only_o here_o be_v the_o difference_n that_o the_o accessary_a can_v be_v punish_v before_o the_o principal_a be_v convict_v and_o attaint_v 10._o attaint_v stanf._n l._n 1._o c._n 43._o blow_n 97._o dyeâ—_n fol._n 120._o n._n 10._o now_o the_o land_n escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n who_o notwithstanding_o be_v former_o compel_v to_o expect_v until_o the_o king_n have_v receive_v his_o year_n and_o his_o day_n and_o waste_v unless_o the_o king_n himself_o â—ere_z lord._n 28._o lord._n stanf._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 28._o moreover_o the_o issue_n of_o felon_n be_v so_o infect_v that_o they_o be_v exclude_v from_o all_o hope_n or_o possibility_n of_o succeed_v in_o the_o inheritance_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o otherwise_o shall_v have_v descend_v to_o they_o unless_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o favourable_o enact_v in_o case_n of_o any_o particular_a crime_n contrary_a to_o the_o common_a and_o ordinary_a form_n 12._o form_n 1_o mar._n c._n 14_o 1_o jam._n c._n 11_o 12._o 34._o but_o these_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v concern_v the_o punishment_n of_o treason_n and_o felony_n must_v have_v their_o distinction_n &_o therefore_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o explain_v they_o now_o the_o way_n of_o impeach_v any_o of_o these_o crime_n be_v double_a one_o by_o appeal_n 59_o appeal_n stanf._n l._n 2._o c._n 52_o 53_o 54_o 55_o 56_o 57_o 58_o 59_o the_o other_o by_o indictment_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n 59_o power_n id._n c._n 59_o if_o they_o proceed_v by_o way_n of_o appeal_v and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o accuser_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o crime_n it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o defendant_n unless_o he_o will_v confess_v the_o fact_n to_o wage_v his_o battle_n with_o the_o appellor_n or_o to_o be_v try_v by_o his_o country_n or_o in_o case_n he_o be_v a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v try_v by_o a_o verdict_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o pares_fw-la 32._o pares_fw-la id._n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o flet._n 1._o c._n 21._o 31_o 32._o but_o if_o he_o be_v indict_v he_o be_v leave_v sole_o to_o the_o trial_n of_o his_o country_n or_o peer_n and_o if_o in_o either_o case_n he_o be_v convict_v he_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n 35._o but_o it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o the_o party_n accuse_v through_o contumacy_n refuse_v to_o be_v try_v either_o way_n but_o either_o stand_v mute_a or_o plead_v not_o so_o as_o by_o his_o answer_n issue_n may_v be_v join_v to_o come_v to_o trial_n in_o which_o case_n if_o it_o be_v by_o appeal_v he_o be_v immediate_o adjudge_v to_o die_v 49._o die_v dyer_n 441._o n._n 49._o if_o by_o indictment_n then_o be_v it_o take_v pro_fw-la confesso_fw-la in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o in_o case_n of_o felony_n he_o shall_v be_v impress_v viz_o he_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o prison_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v bring_v where_o he_o shall_v be_v carry_v into_o some_o low_a dark_a place_n and_o be_v strip_v naked_a he_o shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o bare_a ground_n his_o pudâ—ndâ—e_n only_o cover_v and_o his_o arm_n and_o leg_n pull_v out_o by_o four_o rope_n fasten_v to_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o the_o room_n he_o shall_v be_v stretch_v out_o upon_o his_o back_n then_o be_v bind_v in_o this_o manner_n he_o shall_v have_v so_o great_a a_o weight_n of_o iron_n or_o stone_n lay_v upon_o his_o breast_n as_o he_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v without_o confusion_n the_o day_n follow_v he_o shall_v have_v 3._o crust_n of_o barley_n bread_n without_o drink_n next_o day_n to_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v three_o draught_n of_o the_o water_n next_o to_o the_o prison_n povide_v it_o be_v not_o run_v water_n but_o without_o bread_n and_o so_o by_o turn_n he_o shall_v be_v feed_v with_o bread_n or_o water_n every_o 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since_o alter_v 12._o alter_v 21_o h._n 8._o c._n 2._o 22_o h._n 8._o cap._n 14._o 33_o h._n c._n 12._o and_o indeed_o there_o be_v few_o fact_n at_o this_o day_n subject_a to_o this_o and_o many_o even_o of_o those_o be_v not_o so_o high_a as_o he_o who_o kill_v dear_a and_o can_v find_v security_n to_o put_v in_o for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o fine_a impose_v be_v compel_v to_o abjure_v the_o commonwealth_n 34._o commonwealth_n charta_fw-la de_fw-fr forest_n c._n 10._o dier_n fol._n 238._o n._n 34._o which_o also_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v who_o marry_v a_o woman-heir_n have_v steal_v she_o out_o of_o the_o custody_n of_o her_o guardian_n and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o satisfy_v for_o the_o value_n of_o her_o marriage_n 45._o marriage_n 13_o e._n 1_o c._n 45._o so_o also_o he_o who_o accept_v of_o a_o benefice_n be_v elect_v by_o the_o pope_n 2._o pope_n 13._o r._n 2._o stat._n 2._o c._n 2._o and_o last_o a_o papist_n who_o refuse_v to_o come_v to_o church_n according_a to_o act_n 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