fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v meilon_n of_o the_o which_o it_o be_v call_v maes_n rhos_n meilon_n year_n 907_o the_o year_n 907._o die_v cade_v king_n or_o prince_n of_o south-wales_n three_o son_n to_o roderick_n the_o great_a leave_v behind_o he_o three_o son_n howel_n dha_n that_o be_v to_o say_v howel_n the_o good_a who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o south-wales_n meyric_n and_o clydawc_n short_o after_o there_o come_v a_o great_a navy_n from_o tydwick_n with_o uther_n and_o rahald_v and_o past_o the_o western_a sea_n to_o wales_n and_o destroy_v saint_n david_n and_o there_o fight_v the_o battle_n dinerth_n where_o mayloc_n the_o son_n of_o peredur_n gam_n be_v slay_v year_n 913_o in_o the_o year_n 913_o anaawd_n chief_a king_n of_o wales_n die_v and_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n voel_n who_o reign_v after_o he_o and_o elise_n 〈…〉_o 877._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 292._o anno_fw-la 877._o mr._n mill_n differ_v here_o from_o mr._n powel_n the_o one_o set_v voel_n the_o other_o mervin_n to_o succeed_v i_o will_v therefore_o set_v down_o both_o write_n the_o former_a of_o these_o two_o say_v mervin_n the_o first_o beget_v son_n of_o rhoderick_n the_o great_a prince_n of_o all_o wales_n by_o the_o gift_n and_o grant_v of_o his_o father_n be_v make_v lord_n or_o prince_n of_o that_o country_n of_o wales_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v gwyneth_n the_o englishman_n north-wales_n and_o the_o latin_n venedotia_n this_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o country_n or_o quarter_n which_o contain_v fifteen_o cantred_n this_o word_n cantre_v be_v compound_v of_o the_o british_a and_o irish_a language_n be_v say_v to_o be_v such_o a_o portion_n of_o land_n as_o may_v contain_v a_o hundred_o village_n the_o chief_a and_o principal_a place_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n or_o mon_n and_o in_o aberfraw_n a_o city_n thereof_o be_v the_o royal_a palace_n of_o the_o king_n of_o north-wales_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o king_n of_o gwyneth_n be_v call_v king_n of_o aberfraw_n be_v for_o that_o in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o good_a howel_n prince_n and_o lawgiver_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o as_o the_o king_n of_o aberfraw_n ought_v of_o right_o to_o pay_v threescore_o and_o three_o pound_n in_o way_n of_o tribute_n to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n so_o the_o king_n of_o dynefur_n and_o mathraval_n shall_v also_o be_v hound_n in_o like_a manner_n to_o pay_v the_o like_a money_n unto_o the_o king_n of_o aberfraw_n as_o it_o be_v also_o by_o way_n of_o tribute_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o lord_n be_v the_o chief_a prince_n of_o wales_n the_o wife_n of_o mervin_n the_o son_n of_o roderick_n prince_n of_o venedotia_n or_o north-wales_n thus_o say_v mr._n mill_n but_o name_v she_o not_o their_o issue_n idwallo_n surname_v voel_n prince_n of_o venedotia_n edwal_n voel_n ut_fw-la ante_fw-la after_o that_o edwal_n voel_n begin_v his_o dominion_n over_o north-wales_n 46._o mr._n powel_n fol._n 46._o howel_n dha_n be_v king_n or_o prince_n of_o south-wales_n and_o powis_n land_n a_o terrible_a comet_n appear_v in_o the_o firmament_n at_o which_o time_n the_o year_n follow_v leicester_n be_v new_a build_v year_n 917_o the_o next_o year_n follow_a the_o man_n of_o denelm_n do_v destroy_v the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o the_o year_n 917._o clydawc_n the_o son_n of_o cade_v be_v slay_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o brother_n meyric_n and_o about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o englishman_n do_v overthrow_v the_o dane_n much_o about_o this_o time_n elfled_a duchess_n of_o mercia_n send_v her_o whole_a army_n into_o wales_n 222._o ren._n cest_fw-fr math._n west_n hel._n pa._n 222._o and_o fight_v with_o the_o welshman_n and_o wan_a brecknock_n and_o take_v the_o queen_n and_o three_o and_o thirty_o man_n this_o be_v it_o which_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a gweythy_o dinas_n newydh_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o battle_n of_o the_o new_a city_n also_o she_o win_v the_o town_n of_o derby_n john_n castoreus_n report_v this_o story_n in_o this_o manner_n huganus_n lord_n of_o west_n wales_n cast_v jo._n cast_v perceive_v king_n edward_n to_o be_v occupy_v in_o the_o danish_a war_n far_o enough_o from_o he_o gather_v a_o army_n of_o britain_n and_o enter_v the_o king_n land_n whereupon_o elfled_a lady_n of_o mercia_n and_o sister_n to_o king_n edward_n come_v to_o wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o welshman_n at_o brecknock_n and_o put_v huganus_n to_o flight_n take_v his_o wife_n and_o thirty_o four_o captive_n and_o lead_v they_o with_o she_o to_o mercia_n huganus_n thus_o discomfit_v flee_v to_o derby_n and_o there_o be_v peaceable_o entertain_v of_o the_o countryman_n with_o fifteen_o man_n of_o war_n and_o two_o hundred_o soldier_n well_o appoint_v join_v himself_o with_o the_o king_n adversary_n the_o dane_n of_o which_o thing_n when_o elfle_v be_v certify_v by_o the_o man_n of_o derby_n she_o follow_v he_o with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o enter_v the_o gate_n of_o that_o town_n where_o huganus_n resist_v she_o and_o slay_v four_o of_o her_o chief_a officer_n but_o gwyane_a lord_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n her_o steward_n set_v the_o gate_n on_o fire_n and_o furious_o run_v upon_o the_o britain_n enter_v the_o town_n then_o huganus_n be_v overmatch_v welshman_n a_o stout_a resolution_n of_o a_o valiant_a welshman_n and_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v by_o the_o sword_n then_o to_o yield_v himself_o to_o a_o woman_n be_v there_o slay_v the_o same_o author_n also_o report_v that_o about_o this_o time_n leofr_v a_o dane_n and_o gruffith_n of_o madoc_n brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o west_n wales_n come_v to_o ireland_n with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o snowdon_n and_o mind_v to_o bring_v all_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o to_o their_o subjection_n overrun_v and_o subdue_v all_o the_o country_n to_o chester_n before_o king_n edward_n can_v be_v certify_v of_o their_o arrival_n whereat_o he_o be_v much_o discontent_v and_o be_v loath_a to_o trouble_v his_o subjcte_n in_o that_o behalf_n make_v a_o vow_n that_o he_o and_o his_o son_n with_o their_o own_o people_n will_v he_o revenge_v on_o leofred_n and_o gruffith_n and_o thereupon_o come_v to_o chester_n and_o win_v the_o city_n from_o they_o after_o which_o he_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battle_n whereof_o he_o and_o his_o son_n athelstane_n lead_v the_o first_o and_z edmund_z and_o eldred_n the_o second_o and_o so_o follow_v they_o with_o as_o much_o celerity_n as_o he_o can_v and_o overtake_v they_o at_o the_o forest_n of_o walewood_n now_o sherwood_n where_o leofred_n and_o cruffith_n set_v upon_o he_o fierce_o so_o that_o the_o king_n in_o the_o beginning_n be_v in_o some_o distress_n until_o athelstane_n step_v in_o between_o his_o father_n and_o leofred_n and_o wound_v the_o dane_n in_o the_o arm_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v his_o spear_n be_v soon_o take_v and_o commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o athelstane_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n edmund_n and_o edred_n encounter_v with_o gruffith_n slay_v he_o and_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o their_o father_n then_o athelstane_n cause_v leofr_v to_o be_v behead_v and_o so_o both_o their_o head_n be_v set_v up_o together_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o chester_n the_o year_n 933._o owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o man_n of_o cardigan_n 226._o 933._o wil._n malmsh_o hol._n p._n 225._o jo._n cast_v mat._n west_n ren._n cest_fw-fr pâ—wâ—l_o fol._n â—50_n the_o bâ—â—tains_v remove_v into_o cornwall_n math_n west_n hol._n pag._n 226._o then_o athelstane_n do_v enter_v wales_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o bring_v the_o king_n of_o the_o country_n to_o subjection_n and_o receive_v yearly_o of_o tribute_n twenty_o pound_n in_o gold_n and_o three_o hundred_o pay_v in_o silver_n and_o two_o hundred_o head_n of_o cattle_n yet_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n appoint_v to_o the_o king_n of_o aberfraw_n to_o pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n no_o more_o but_o sixty_o six_o pound_n for_o a_o tribute_n and_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o dinevowre_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o powis_n shall_v pay_v a_o like_a sum_n of_o sixty_o six_o pound_n yearly_a to_o the_o king_n of_o aberfraw_n in_o the_o year_n 936._o die_v eun_v the_o son_n of_o clydawc_n and_o meiric_n the_o son_n of_o cade_v at_o this_o time_n also_o athelstane_n do_v remove_v the_o britain_n that_o dwell_v in_o exeter_n and_o thereabouts_o to_o cornwall_n and_o appoint_v the_o river_n cambria_n to_o be_v the_o utter_a mere_a towards_o england_n as_o he_o have_v before_o appoint_v the_o river_n why_o to_o be_v the_o mere_a of_o england_n and_o wales_n about_o the_o year_n 940._o cade_v the_o son_n of_o arthvael_n a_o noble_a
whole_a country_n gruffith_n of_o north-wales_n and_o rees_n of_o southwales_n descend_v both_o lineal_o from_o roderic_n the_o great_a against_o who_o come_v trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n and_o caradoc_n gruffith_n and_o mailer_n the_o son_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi gwyn_n his_o cousin_n germane_a for_o gwyn_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n be_v their_o grandfather_n who_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o chief_a ruler_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o after_o they_o have_v meet_v at_o the_o mountain_n of_o carno_n they_o fight_v a_o cruel_a battle_n and_o be_v the_o more_o eager_a because_o upon_o that_o day_n work_v lay_v the_o life_n and_o honour_n of_o either_o party_n but_o at_o length_n the_o victory_n fall_v to_o gruffith_n and_o rees_n and_o trahern_n with_o his_o cousin_n be_v all_o slay_v and_o most_o part_n of_o their_o people_n then_o the_o kingdom_n of_o wales_n come_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n again_o at_o this_o time_n also_o a_o noble_a man_n in_o wales_n call_v vrgency_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o son_n of_o rees_n sais_n i_o e._n rees_n the_o englishman_n for_o so_o they_o use_v to_o name_v all_o such_o as_o have_v serve_v in_o england_n or_o can_v speak_v english_a gules_a three_o lion_n pass_v gardant_a or_o other_o say_v only_o passant_a which_o i_o rather_o approve_v of_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n conqueror_n the_o welsh_a prince_n do_v homage_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n after_o the_o death_n of_o trahern_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n do_v quiet_o rule_v north-wales_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n southwales_n in_o the_o year_n 1079._o william_n common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n enter_v wales_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o pass_v as_o far_o as_o saint_n david_n where_o he_o offer_v and_o take_v homage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o land_n and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o walwey_n king_n arthur_n sister_n son_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n in_o the_o country_n of_o ros_n the_o body_n by_o estimation_n upon_o view_v of_o the_o bone_n be_v think_v to_o be_v fourteen_o foot_n in_o length_n walwey_n in_o his_o life_n time_n be_v a_o right_n noble_a and_o valiant_a warrior_n of_o very_o good_a reputation_n who_o rule_v that_o country_n which_o to_o this_o day_n from_o he_o be_v call_v walwethay_n build_v caerdiff_n build_v and_o this_o year_n sulion_n forsake_v his_o bishopric_n the_o second_o time_n and_o wilfrid_n be_v install_v in_o his_o place_n and_o in_o this_o time_n also_o the_o town_n of_o caerdyff_fw-mi be_v build_v year_n 1087_o about_o the_o year_n 1087._o the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n sometime_o king_n of_o wales_n gather_v their_o strength_n together_o against_o rees_n of_o tewdor_n who_o not_o be_v able_a to_o meet_v they_o flee_v to_o ireland_n and_o there_o he_o purchase_v to_o himself_o great_a friend_n and_o get_v a_o army_n of_o irishman_n and_o scot_n to_o who_o he_o promise_v great_a reward_n when_o he_o shall_v obtain_v his_o kingdom_n and_o so_o land_v in_o southwales_n with_o those_o stranger_n which_o when_o his_o friend_n hear_v of_o they_o draw_v to_o he_o and_o the_o other_o come_v in_o all_o haste_n think_v to_o fight_v with_o he_o before_o his_o power_n shall_v increase_v and_o at_o lhechryd_n they_o give_v he_o battle_n where_o they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o two_o of_o the_o brethren_n slay_v to_o wit_n madoc_n and_o riryd_n and_o the_o other_o flee_v and_o forsake_v the_o country_n as_o soon_o as_o rees_n be_v in_o quiet_a possession_n of_o his_o kingdom_n he_o send_v home_o his_o stranger_n with_o great_a reward_n about_o this_o time_n the_o shrine_n of_o saint_n david_n be_v steal_v out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o when_o all_o the_o jewel_n and_o treasure_n be_v take_v away_o the_o shrine_n be_v leave_v where_o it_o may_v be_v find_v again_o about_o this_o time_n the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o shrewsbury_n with_o the_o welshman_n burn_v all_o worcestershire_n and_o glocestershire_n to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o worcester_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1088._o there_o be_v a_o terrible_a earthquake_n through_o all_o the_o land_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v dye_v sulien_n the_o godly_a and_o wise_a man_n and_o the_o great_a clerk_n in_o all_o wales_n be_v 89._o year_n old_a about_o this_o time_n certain_a stranger_n which_o be_v rover_n upon_o the_o sea_n land_v at_o st._n david_n and_o rob_v it_o and_o burn_v the_o town_n at_o which_o time_n also_o cadinor_a the_o the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n lord_n of_o dinet_n die_v who_o son_n lhewelyn_n and_o eneon_n move_v gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n to_o make_v war_n against_o their_o lord_n and_o prince_n rees_n ap_fw-mi tewdor_n and_o so_o join_v all_o their_o strength_n together_o come_v against_o he_o to_o lhandydoc_n where_o rees_n be_v who_o give_v they_o battle_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n pursue_v they_o so_o sore_o that_o he_o take_v gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n and_o put_v he_o death_n but_o eneon_n son_n to_o cadinor_n ap_fw-mi colhoyn_v flee_v to_o jestin_a lord_n of_o morganwc_n who_o likewise_o rebel_v against_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n and_o promise_v upon_o condition_n to_o have_v jestin_n daughter_n in_o marriage_n and_o certain_a other_o covenant_n then_o agree_v upon_o between_o they_o to_o bring_v to_o their_o succour_n a_o army_n of_o norman_n for_o he_o have_v serve_v in_o england_n before_o and_o be_v well_o know_v and_o acquaint_v with_o all_o the_o english_a nobility_n which_o thing_n be_v thus_o conclude_v they_o be_v full_o determine_v to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o rees_n and_o so_o eneon_n go_v to_o england_n and_o wrought_v such_o mean_n that_o he_o procure_v robert_n fitzhamon_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n rufus_n which_o twelve_o other_o knight_n to_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n of_o frenchman_n and_o norman_n to_o come_v to_o their_o aid_n who_o short_o after_o land_v in_o glamorganshire_n where_o jestin_a ap_fw-mi gurgent_a lord_n of_o the_o land_n receive_v they_o with_o much_o honour_n and_o join_v his_o power_n to_o they_o burn_v and_o spoil_v prince_n rees_n it_o grieve_v he_o exceed_o whereupon_o he_o sudden_o gather_v his_o people_n and_o meet_v he_o not_o far_o from_o brecknock_n where_o after_o a_o terrible_a fight_n he_o be_v slay_v with_o who_o fall_v and_o decay_v the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n this_o rees_n have_v by_o his_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi convin_n a_o son_n call_v gruffith_n who_o at_o his_o father_n death_n be_v but_o a_o very_a child_n and_o one_o grovo_n that_o be_v in_o the_o king_n prison_n these_o norman_n after_o they_o have_v receive_v their_o promise_a salary_n and_o great_a reward_n of_o jestin_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n when_o eneon_n burden_a jestin_n with_o the_o promise_n of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n jestin_n laugh_v he_o to_o scorn_v and_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o will_v bestow_v his_o daughter_n otherwise_o whereupon_o eneon_n full_a of_o anger_n and_o despite_n follow_v the_o norman_n and_o when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o shore_n they_o be_v all_o a_o shipboard_n then_o he_o shout_v to_o they_o and_o make_v a_o sign_n with_o his_o cloak_n to_o call_v they_o back_o and_o they_o return_v again_o to_o know_v his_o meaning_n then_o he_o go_v to_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o and_o show_v his_o abuse_n at_o jestin_n hand_n declare_v withal_o how_o easy_a it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o win_v that_o fair_a and_o pleasant_a country_n from_o jestin_n who_o for_o his_o treason_n to_o rees_n none_n other_o prince_n of_o wales_n will_v succour_v whereunto_o they_o easy_o persuade_v turn_v all_o their_o power_n against_o he_o for_o who_o defence_n they_o have_v come_v thither_o and_o at_o who_o hand_n they_o have_v be_v well_o entertain_v and_o recompense_v with_o rich_a gift_n and_o reward_n and_o first_o they_o spoil_v he_o of_o his_o country_n who_o mistrust_v they_o not_o and_o take_v all_o the_o fertile_a and_o valley_n land_n to_o themselves_o and_o leave_v the_o barren_a and_o rough_a mountain_n for_o eneon_n his_o part_n the_o name_n of_o robert_n and_o the_o twelve_o knight_n and_o parcel_n which_o fall_v to_o each_o one_o share_n be_v these_o azure_a a_o lion_n rampant_a gardant_a or_o encensed_a gules_a those_o man_n who_o coat_n be_v mention_v and_o their_o heir_n have_v enjoy_v the_o country_n to_o this_o day_n who_o be_v the_o first_o stranger_n that_o ever_o inhabit_a wales_n since_o the_o time_n oâ—_n camber_n of_o this_o king_n or_o prince_n master_n mill_n say_v griffin_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n son_n and_o successor_n of_o conan_n the_o prince_n between_o this_o griffin_n or_o rather_o gruffith_n and_o blethyn_n prince_n of_o powis_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o theodore_n prince_n of_o demetia_n there_o be_v a_o great_a search_n and_o enquiry_n make_v concern_v their_o arm_n and_o military_a ensign_n as_o
clothes_n be_v deem_v prejudicial_a lest_o thereby_o those_o picture_n shall_v be_v hide_v a_o nation_n most_o warlike_a and_o thirsty_a after_o blood_n and_o slaughter_n content_a with_o a_o small_a shield_n and_o javelin_n yet_o have_v a_o sword_n appendent_a to_o their_o naked_a body_n breastplate_n or_o helmet_n they_o undervalue_v as_o obstacle_n and_o impediment_n to_o the_o pass_v over_o ford_n and_o river_n magia_n plinius_n de_fw-fr magia_n pliny_n treat_v the_o magia_n or_o art_n magic_a say_v that_o the_o britain_n so_o admirable_o honour_v it_o with_o uncouth_a ceremony_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v send_v it_o unto_o the_o persian_n another_o author_n say_v that_o the_o britain_n far_o exceed_v the_o french_a in_o stature_n and_o bigness_n of_o body_n affirm_v cundem_fw-la strabo_n apud_fw-la cundem_fw-la that_o he_o himself_o have_v see_v british_a youth_n in_o rome_n to_o surpass_v their_o tall_a man_n in_o height_n at_o least_o half_a a_o foot_n diodorus_n siculus_n say_v britain_n spend_v their_o time_n after_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o ancient_a forefather_n and_o in_o war_n use_v chariot_n as_o do_v the_o grecian_n in_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n and_o who_o know_v britt_n the_o honesty_n of_o britain_n commend_v by_o diâ—_n siculus_n mr._n camb._n deny_v not_o brute_n mr._n broughton_n fol._n 289._o the_o britain_n call_v gens_n bruti_fw-la leges_fw-la s._n ed_n reg._n apud_fw-la guli_fw-la lamb._n l._n d._n priseu_v legi_fw-la fol._n 36._o gildas_n apud_fw-la galf._n l._n 1._o c._n 17._o vic._n l._n 1._o pont._n nen._n hist_o antiq._n land_n eccles_n isiadâ—r_fw-fr l._n etâ—m_n thom._n eliot_n apud_fw-la stow._n proof_n for_o brute_n thaliesnanus_fw-la apud_fw-la pris_fw-fr p._n 27_o gal._n manus_fw-la apud_fw-la eundem_fw-la hâ—n_n hunt_v hist_o de_fw-fr reg._n brit._n cum_fw-la maltis_n aliis_fw-la ibidem_fw-la brute_n land_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o holy_a &_o samuel_n the_o prophet_n brittannia_fw-la so_o call_v from_o brutus_n gualt_n oxor._fw-la apud_fw-la hard._n c._n 16._o bal._n 2._o cent_n sigib_n gembl_n hist_o &_o the_o regn_n britt_n mariam_n apud_fw-la hard._n c._n 10._o literâ—_fw-la defensoris_fw-la ed_n reg_n 1_o ad_fw-la â—apam_fw-la apud_fw-la the_o n_o walsin_n hist_o 〈…〉_o yâ—_n lib._n neustr_n aâ—_n 1301._o griâ—_n apud_fw-la hi._n eaâ—_n m._n s._n chrâ—_n c_o 47._o galf._n mâ—n_z l_o 1._o hist_o britt_n but_o that_o custom_n may_v be_v continue_v from_o their_o first_o founder_n brutus_n their_o house_n compact_v of_o wood_n reed_n or_o thatch_n their_o sheaf_n of_o corn_n they_o store_v under_o dry_a roof_n thresh_v out_o every_o day_n as_o much_o as_o serve_v for_o present_a use_n honest_a and_o just_a in_o conversation_n much_o differ_v from_o the_o subtlety_n and_o cunning_n of_o our_o man_n content_a with_o ordinary_a and_o indifferent_a diet_n detest_a the_o gurmandize_v of_o glutton_n and_o epicure_n the_o isle_n replenish_v with_o multitude_n of_o man_n in_o matter_n concern_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o isle_n mr._n cambden_n be_v very_o copious_a produce_v several_a opinion_n but_o i_o find_v no_o commander_n in_o chief_a whether_o king_n duke_z or_o general_n name_v brute_n except_v of_o who_o he_o say_v shall_v i_o so_o mean_a a_o man_n give_v a_o determinate_a sentence_n in_o so_o weighty_a a_o matter_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o senate_n of_o antiquary_n undecided_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o deny_v not_o brute_n but_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o his_o own_o best_a like_n and_o opinion_n so_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_a mr._n cambden_n name_v no_o other_o principal_a commander_n or_o guide_n of_o that_o people_n who_o first_o colonize_v and_o inhabit_a this_o land_n do_v not_o altogether_o deny_v brute_n but_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o counsel_n consent_v and_o decree_n of_o the_o learned_a parliament_n and_o senate_n of_o antiquary_n let_v we_o hear_v what_o other_o write_v mr._n broughton_n out_o of_o a_o old_a british_a history_n say_v have_v thus_o invincible_o prove_v by_o all_o antiquity_n that_o there_o be_v among_o the_o gentile_n especial_o in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n not_o only_o flamen_n but_o archflaman_n and_o they_o seat_v in_o the_o principal_n govern_v city_n in_o several_a province_n and_o how_o after_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n even_o from_o the_o apostle_n time_n and_o by_o their_o ordinance_n and_o institution_n their_o residence_n be_v to_o be_v change_v into_o archiepiscopal_n or_o metropolitan_a chief_a command_a see_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n if_o we_o have_v no_o other_o particular_a proof_n in_o this_o but_o in_o general_a term_n st._n edward_n law_n the_o testimony_n of_o gildas_n nonnius_n the_o antiquity_n of_o landaff_n st._n isiodore_n who_o as_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la also_o call_v this_o nation_n gens_n bruti_fw-la the_o offspring_n and_o nation_n of_o brute_n thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n a_o norman_a by_o birth_n in_o time_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o thaliessianus_n above_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n henry_n of_o huntingdon_n gualterus_n calenus_n sigibertus_n with_o many_o other_o before_o galfrid_n mon._n write_v and_o vicunnius_n himself_o with_o innumerable_a after_o both_o of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n and_o public_a parliament_n as_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o at_o lincoln_n who_o after_o most_o diligent_a search_n of_o antiquity_n and_o due_a examination_n as_o the_o great_a matter_n the_o right_a of_o a_o kingdom_n require_v send_v his_o apologetical_a letter_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n seal_v with_o a_o hundred_o seal_n and_o witness_n wherein_o be_v declare_v and_o justify_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hely_n and_o samuel_n the_o prophet_n brutus_n the_o trojan_a land_v here_o and_o by_o his_o own_o name_n call_v the_o country_n britannia_n before_o name_v albion_n and_o have_v three_o son_n locrine_n camber_n and_o albanact_n do_v at_o his_o death_n divide_v the_o land_n into_o three_o part_n or_o portion_n leegria_n now_o england_n to_o locrine_n his_o elder_a son_n cambria_n wales_n to_o camber_n and_o albania_n scotland_n to_o albanact_n this_o may_v suffice_v for_o this_o business_n but_o be_v testify_v by_o so_o many_o domestical_a and_o foreign_a private_a and_o public_a witness_n that_o the_o tripartite_a division_n be_v here_o from_o the_o first_o nâ—me_n and_o begin_n of_o britain_n we_o must_v needs_o for_o every_o several_a part_n and_o province_n assign_v a_o several_a government_n and_o order_n therein_o as_o their_o ruler_n and_o governor_n be_v divers_a and_o distinct_a but_o our_o antiquary_n carry_v we_o further_o and_o inform_v we_o that_o not_o only_a london_n caerlegeon_n and_o york_n be_v the_o several_a chief_a city_n in_o this_o division_n but_o the_o king_n which_o found_v they_o for_o such_o ordain_v they_o likewise_o to_o be_v the_o seat_n and_o residency_n of_o three_o several_a archflaman_n or_o prâ—â—â—â—amens_n for_o the_o glory_n and_o nobleness_n of_o london_n thereupon_o name_v augusta_n it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o antiquity_n that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a city_n of_o this_o island_n build_v by_o brutus_n as_o not_o only_o the_o british_a history_n galfridus_n vicunnius_n and_o our_o english_a antiquary_n after_o they_o but_o gâ—ldas_n sigibertus_n and_o other_o sufficient_o witness_n and_o except_o mr._n stow_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o author_n aethieus_n a_o old_a pagan_a philosopher_n testify_v no_o less_o affirm_v that_o brutus_n name_v this_o kingdom_n brittannia_fw-la and_o john_n harding_n in_o his_o plain_a verse_n with_o other_o record_v how_o he_o there_o from_o the_o very_a first_o beginning_n institute_v a_o archflaman_n seat_n at_o troynovant_n he_o make_v full_a especial_o a_o arch-flamine_a his_o see_n 14._o harding_n chr_n fol._n 16._o cap._n 14._o cathedral_n certain_a a_o temple_n thereof_o a_o policy_n to_o obtain_v by_o trojan_a law_n this_o be_v common_o write_v to_o have_v be_v a_o thousand_o year_n before_o christ_n and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a receive_v opinion_n among_o our_o antiquary_n that_o ebrincus_n son_n to_o mempricius_n build_v the_o city_n of_o york_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o in_o its_o due_a place_n that_o this_o island_n be_v call_v albion_n before_o the_o come_n of_o brute_n all_o author_n seem_v to_o agree_v though_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o difference_n the_o just_a and_o most_o rational_a writer_n call_v albion_n ab_fw-la albis_fw-la rupibus_fw-la from_o the_o high_a and_o white_a cliff_n and_o rock_n discover_v by_o navigator_n as_o they_o sail_v by_o it_o yet_o some_o will_v be_v more_o quaint_a and_o fetch_v it_o further_o as_o if_o far_o fetch_v and_o dear_o buy_v be_v always_o good_a for_o lady_n and_o tell_v of_o a_o damasella_n call_v albone_n or_o albina_n daughter_n of_o dioclesian_n king_n of_o syria_n and_o this_o some_o of_o our_o history_n seem_v to_o aver_v notwithstanding_o no_o authentic_a writer_n as_o yet_o ever_o produce_v any_o such_o king_n to_o
so_o many_o vein_n and_o artery_n run_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o island_n these_o thing_n can_v not_o but_o please_v but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o sole_o to_o be_v enjoy_v without_o some_o danger_n for_o as_o the_o trojan_n pass_v from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o view_v the_o situation_n and_o opportune_a place_n to_o inhabit_v they_o be_v oft_o encounter_v with_o grisly_a creature_n exceed_v humane_a proportion_n who_o give_v they_o but_o rude_a and_o savage_a welcome_n and_o these_o be_v they_o who_o the_o goddess_n mean_v when_o she_o say_v habitata_fw-la gygantibus_fw-la olim_fw-la among_o these_o prodigious_a caitiff_n one_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o bulk_n and_o robustiousnesse_n who_o be_v call_v gogmagog_n with_o who_o corineus_n nephew_n to_o brute_n wrestle_v who_o although_o he_o have_v a_o rib_n break_v by_o this_o monster_n yet_o so_o foil_v he_o that_o he_o cast_v he_o down_o from_o the_o cliff_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o place_n afterward_o be_v call_v the_o fall_n of_o gogmagog_n i_o have_v hear_v some_o say_v that_o in_o glamorganshire_n there_o be_v a_o place_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o their_o own_o mother_n tongue_n call_v cwymp_n y_fw-fr cawr_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v the_o giant_n fall_n or_o overthrow_n but_o that_o name_n be_v change_v it_o be_v afterward_o call_v the_o fall_n of_o dover_n for_o this_o most_o valiant_a act_n and_o special_a good_a service_n brute_n give_v and_o allot_v unto_o corineus_n the_o province_n or_o country_n now_o call_v cornwall_n brute_n have_v destroy_v that_o race_n of_o giant_n former_o mention_v after_o a_o perfect_a discovery_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n pass_v by_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n for_o his_o recreation_n and_o find_v a_o place_n in_o all_o respect_v fit_a to_o build_v a_o city_n to_o make_v the_o capital_a and_o prime_a habitation_n of_o his_o new_a achieve_v kingdom_n set_v workman_n of_o all_o art_n and_o calling_n to_o accomplish_v and_o finish_v this_o his_o design_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n to_o renew_v like_o a_o phoenix_n out_o of_o ash_n old_a troy_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v call_v troynovant_n i_o new_a troy_n which_o name_n continue_v till_o k._n lud_n enjoy_v the_o sceptre_n and_o rule_n in_o great_a britain_n upon_o that_o time_n say_v my_o author_n of_o m._n lxviii_o 10._o fabian_z fol._n 10._o who_o then_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v call_v lud_n town_n and_o now_o london_n this_o now_o glorious_a city_n rome_n itself_o be_v not_o build_v in_o one_o day_n and_o former_o as_o glorious_a a_o stile_n be_v call_v augusta_n for_o we_o read_v in_o divers_a grave_a and_o learned_a author_n that_o st._n augulus_fw-la be_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n viz._n london_n in_o england_n as_o both_o catholic_n and_o protestant_n expound_v it_o and_o among_o they_o one_o in_o a_o sermon_n before_o k._n james_n say_v your_o city_n have_v be_v ancient_o style_v augusta_n for_o we_o read_v both_o in_o the_o ancient_a roman_a martyrologe_n st._n bede_n vsuardus_n ado_n vandalbertus_n petrus_n de_fw-fr natalibus_n and_o other_o that_o this_o augulus_fw-la be_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n in_o brittannia_fw-la augusta_n or_o london_n in_o brittanny_n and_o be_v a_o martyr_n augusta_n in_o brittannia_fw-la natalis_fw-la beati_fw-la auguli_fw-la episcopi_fw-la qui_fw-la aetatis_fw-la cursum_fw-la per_fw-la martyrium_fw-la explens_fw-la aeterna_fw-la proemia_fw-la suscipere_fw-la meruit_fw-la baronius_n say_v he_o can_v tell_v when_o he_o suffer_v quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la passius_fw-la sit_fw-la hactenus_fw-la mihi_fw-la obscurum_fw-la but_o if_o we_o compare_v the_o name_n of_o london_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v call_v augusta_n with_o other_o circumstance_n and_o with_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n after_o the_o time_n of_o k._n lucius_n we_o shall_v very_o probable_o find_v that_o this_o our_o worthy_a saint_n bishop_n of_o london_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o first_o bishop_n that_o be_v consecrate_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o long_o before_o our_o common_a conversion_n in_o the_o day_n of_o k._n lucius_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o st._n peter_n or_o his_o disciple_n st._n aristobulus_n no_o other_o then_o be_v here_o with_o eminent_a authority_n to_o consecrate_v he_o bishop_n and_o settle_v he_o bishop_n of_o augusta_n london_n or_o first_o this_o city_n be_v not_o call_v augusta_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n lucius_n when_o this_o nation_n be_v general_o convert_v but_o only_o londinum_n london_n nor_o never_o since_o that_o time_n or_o by_o any_o before_o but_o by_o the_o roman_n at_o their_o first_o settle_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o claudius_n and_o that_o the_o general_a opinion_n be_v that_o london_n be_v call_v augusta_n dio._n and_o xiphelinus_n write_v that_o legio_n augustalis_n non_fw-la nata_fw-la hibernabat_fw-la in_o superiore_fw-la britannia_fw-la the_o roman_a legion_n so_o term_v winter_v in_o the_o upper_a britain_n near_o london_n as_o be_v think_v it_o be_v long_o before_o dioclesian_n time_n when_o it_o be_v thus_o call_v in_o the_o day_n of_o caesar_n augustus_n or_o soon_o after_o a_o late_a french_a author_n of_o this_o our_o britain_n in_o his_o history_n seem_v to_o say_v or_o think_v that_o caerlegeon_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o julius_n agricola_n and_o by_o he_o name_v augusta_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o it_o only_o vary_v the_o particular_a place_n of_o his_o martyrdom_n viz._n st._n augulus_fw-la nothing_o detract_n from_o he_o or_o the_o glory_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o that_o this_o saint_n be_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n i_o london_n and_o not_o augusta_n caerlegion_n this_o reason_n may_v conclude_v for_o that_o tremonius_a and_o st._n dubritius_fw-la be_v the_o first_o that_o be_v name_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n caerlegion_n certain_o mr._n cambden_n observe_v very_o well_o that_o london_n be_v call_v augusta_n quia_fw-la ea_fw-la dignitate_fw-la floruit_fw-la londinum_n ut_fw-la augusta_n dici_fw-la caeperit_n and_o many_o foreign_a city_n very_o famous_a be_v call_v augusta_n in_o that_o respect_n as_o augusta_n taurinorum_n aug._n trieastinorum_n aug._n veromanduor_n m_o aug._n valeria_n aug._n emerita_n aug._n bracchara_n aug._n acilia_n aug._n tiberii_n aug._n vindeliciorum_n aug._n caesarea_n aug._n vestorum_fw-la aug._n trevirorum_n now_o as_o concern_v bishop_n not_o only_a augusta_n london_n st._n anacletus_fw-la it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o church_n to_o constitute_v primate_fw-la where_fw-mi pagan_n have_v their_o archflaman_n but_o also_o other_o place_n order_v by_o his_o tome_n or_o the_o catalogue_n of_o st._n peter_n st._n clement_n caerlegion_n caerlegion_n &_o ex_fw-la anacleto_fw-it huius_fw-la insulae_fw-la divisionem_fw-la canterbury_n london_n caerlegeon_n york_n and_o alba_n in_o scotland_n by_o some_o take_v to_o be_v the_o now_o st._n andrews_n vrbs_fw-la legionum_fw-la observe_v in_o the_o latin_a caerlegion_n i_o vrbs_fw-la legionum_fw-la put_v in_o the_o first_o place_n cantuaria_n londonia_n eboraca_n and_o alba_n unde_fw-la albania_n provincia_n be_v design_v see_v of_o such_o primate_fw-la as_o giraldus_n cam._n sir_n john_n price_n matthew_n parker_n 1_o arch._n b._n pro._n do_v testify_v thus_o much_o concern_v this_o famous_a and_o renown_a city_n of_o london_n not_o without_o cause_n call_v augusta_n brute_n have_v finish_v this_o structure_n and_o give_v name_n to_o it_o to_o perpetuate_v the_o memory_n of_o that_o city_n of_o which_o the_o poet_n say_v nunc_fw-la seges_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la troja_n fuit_fw-la give_v also_o a_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a island_n call_v it_o britania_n à _fw-la bruto_fw-la so_o do_v romulus_n by_o rome_n alexander_n by_o alexandria_n and_o caesar_n by_o caesarea_n and_o so_o divers_a other_o great_a and_o eminent_a commander_n and_o potentate_n name_v both_o whole_a kingdom_n land_n and_o great_a city_n after_o their_o own_o name_n that_o in_o they_o their_o memory_n may_v live_v for_o ever_o brute_n have_v accomplish_v the_o thread_n of_o life_n allot_v by_o the_o fatal_a sister_n and_o have_v leave_v rule_n for_o his_o briton_n to_o live_v in_o civil_a amity_n and_o orderly_a government_n after_o a_o prosperous_a reign_n and_o happy_a in_o a_o hopeful_a posterity_n he_o bethink_v himself_o of_o settle_v his_o estate_n whereby_o to_o avoid_v all_o contention_n and_o discord_n betwixt_o his_o son_n which_o be_v three_o locrine_n camber_n and_o albanact_n betwixt_o these_o three_o he_o divide_v his_o new_a acquire_v kingdom_n to_o the_o elder_a he_o give_v troynovant_n with_o all_o the_o country_n adjacent_a which_o be_v now_o call_v england_n contain_v east_n west_n and_o south_n but_o as_o his_o father_n have_v call_v the_o whole_a island_n britannia_n and_o his_o subject_n britannos_fw-la or_o britones_n so_o locrine_n after_o his_o name_n call_v his_o share_n loegria_n and_o at_o this_o very_a day_n the_o welsh_a call_n england_n lloegre_n to_o his_o second_o son_n camber_n he_o bequeath_v that_o part_n which_o after_o the_o saxon_n call_v wales_n
now_o it_o be_v call_v a_o name_n when_o locrine_n enter_v into_o sovereignty_n unknown_a locrine_n thus_o invest_v in_o his_o principality_n as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v in_o a_o land_n not_o former_o or_o at_o least_o by_o savage_a people_n or_o giant_n inhabit_v make_v ready_a to_o his_o hand_n his_o brother_n with_o such_o regiment_n as_o be_v allot_v to_o he_o to_o colonize_v and_o people_n his_o part_n be_v retire_v into_o his_o own_o quarter_n or_o patrimony_n whilst_o by_o his_o own_o industry_n and_o advice_n of_o such_o as_o he_o make_v use_v of_o in_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n be_v endeavour_v to_o frame_v a_o model_n how_o to_o govern_v and_o uphold_v this_o his_o new_a plantation_n a_o unexpected_a enemy_n appear_v humber_n with_o a_o navy_n arrive_v and_o have_v with_o he_o a_o sufficient_a army_n of_o warlike_a huns_n set_v upon_o albanact_n who_o thought_n be_v more_o busy_v how_o to_o settle_v his_o people_n and_o frame_v his_o commonwealth_n then_o to_o oppose_v a_o enemy_n distress_a albanact_n be_v put_v to_o his_o shift_n whilst_o the_o scythian_a king_n for_o so_o most_o ancient_a writer_n only_o call_v he_o takes_z occasion_n by_o the_o foretop_n and_o make_v use_n of_o his_o opportunity_n fierce_o assault_v the_o albanian_a prince_n and_o with_o bloody_a slaughter_n and_o the_o death_n of_o albanact_n make_v way_n for_o himself_o and_o follower_n to_o intrude_v into_o his_o possession_n who_o as_o yet_o have_v scarce_o time_n to_o call_v they_o his_o own_o fame_n who_o vigilant_a eye_n never_o sleep_v with_o a_o exasperate_a trumpet_n quick_o blow_v this_o unfortunate_a news_n into_o the_o ear_n of_o locrine_n he_o to_o revenge_v the_o dishonour_v do_v and_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o also_o to_o enjoy_v that_o which_o now_o by_o right_n be_v fall_v unto_o he_o but_o above_o all_o to_o remove_v so_o dangerous_a and_o powerful_a a_o neighbour_n or_o rather_o enemy_n summon_v all_o his_o noble_n and_o gather_v together_o all_o the_o force_n he_o possible_o can_v make_v and_o with_o a_o mind_n full_a of_o revenge_n resolution_n and_o courage_n advance_v and_o with_o speedy_a march_n set_v forward_o to_o fight_v the_o scythian_a before_o he_o take_v to_o deep_a root_n in_o albania_n camber_n be_v not_o slow_a to_o second_v this_o action_n as_o a_o thing_n which_o he_o conceive_v deep_o to_o concern_v himself_o and_o therefore_o unite_v his_o force_n with_o his_o brother_n that_o thereby_o the_o victory_n may_v be_v more_o certain_a and_o the_o loss_n less_o considerable_a desire_n quicken_v action_n and_o resolute_a soul_n seem_v rather_o to_o fly_v then_o walk_v the_o army_n meet_v the_o britain_n inflame_v with_o revenge_n for_o the_o death_n of_o albanact_n who_o be_v their_o fellow_n soldier_n and_o traveller_n son_n of_o their_o decease_a king_n brother_n to_o the_o present_a breathe_v nothing_o but_o death_n and_o confusion_n the_o scythian_a with_o like_a valour_n and_o courage_n think_v no_o danger_n too_o great_a to_o make_v good_a by_o the_o sword_n what_o he_o already_o purchase_v and_o get_v by_o the_o same_o terrible_a be_v the_o conflict_n on_o both_o side_n but_o fortune_n after_o long_a debate_n with_o victory_n crown_v the_o briton_n the_o scythian_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o fly_v be_v so_o hot_o pursue_v that_o many_o be_v drown_v and_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o as_o the_o poet_n say_v of_o icarus_n icarus_n icarias_fw-la nomine_fw-la fecit_fw-la aquas_fw-la put_v to_o such_o a_o strait_n that_o he_o be_v drown_v in_o that_o famous_a river_n which_o from_o his_o name_n have_v ever_o since_o be_v call_v humber_n of_o which_o mr._n cambden_n say_v est_fw-la certe_fw-la totius_fw-la britanniae_fw-la aestuarium_fw-la amplissimum_fw-la &_o piscosissimum_fw-la the_o large_a and_o most_o full_a of_o fish_n throughout_o britanny_n exit_fw-la aestuantis_fw-la oceani_fw-la accessibus_fw-la adauctum_fw-la &_o iisdem_fw-la retro_fw-la remeantibus_fw-la svas_fw-la illiusque_fw-la aquas_fw-la vehementissime_fw-la vasto_fw-la cum_fw-la murmur_n non_fw-la sine_fw-la magno_fw-la navigantium_fw-la periculo_fw-la agit_fw-fr unde_fw-la nichanus_n fluctibus_fw-la aequoreis_fw-la nautis_fw-la suspectior_fw-la humber_n submersis_fw-la nomen_fw-la contulit_fw-la humbris_fw-la aquae_fw-la and_o another_o poet_n much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n say_v dum_fw-la fugit_fw-la obstat_fw-la ei_fw-la flumen_fw-la submergitur_fw-la illic_fw-la deque_fw-la svo_fw-la tribuit_fw-la nomine_fw-la nomen_fw-la aquae_fw-la mr._n cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n set_v down_o these_o two_o distichon_n but_o speak_v not_o a_o word_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v imagine_v for_o shall_v he_o express_v the_o death_n of_o albanack_n and_o the_o just_a revenge_n of_o locrine_n and_o camber_n in_o behalf_n of_o their_o brother_n he_o must_v needs_o grant_v brute_n to_o be_v progenitor_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o welsh_a a_o nation_n which_o be_v very_o little_o behold_v unto_o he_o locrine_n be_v now_o a_o conqueror_n no_o fear_n of_o further_a supply_n to_o affront_v he_o the_o day_n be_v absolute_o his_o own_o but_o unfortunate_a prince_n what_o a_o proud_a foe_n clad_v in_o steel_n and_o with_o a_o courage_n equalize_v that_o of_o mars_n can_v not_o effect_v be_v do_v by_o a_o amorous_a glance_n of_o a_o female_a creature_n estrild_n humber_n daughter_n cast_v forth_o such_o pierce_a dart_n from_o her_o charm_a eye_n that_o maugre_o both_o steel_n and_o coat_n of_o male_a locrine_n be_v wound_v to_o the_o heart_n he_o sigh_v complain_v beg_v compassion_n from_o she_o who_o be_v his_o captive_n and_o in_o conclusion_n become_v her_o slave_n she_o his_o mistress_n in_o these_o bewitch_a fetter_n he_o repose_v his_o happiness_n her_o enrich_a arm_n he_o deem_v the_o trophy_n of_o his_o victory_n but_o fond-man_n gwendolena_n thy_o abuse_a lady_n digest_v not_o a_o corrival_n she_o will_v make_v thou_o know_v quidfoemina_fw-la possit_fw-la irata_fw-la she_o complain_v to_o her_o father_n he_o acquaint_v his_o dear_a friend_n and_o all_o enter_v into_o a_o association_n to_o be_v revenge_v locrine_n awake_v out_o of_o his_o effeminate_a dalliance_n arm_n himself_o to_o oppose_v the_o storm_n at_o hand_n and_o beat_v back_o the_o threaten_a danger_n but_o too_o late_a his_o enemy_n be_v too_o powerful_a the_o abuse_a gwendolena_n too_o well_o befriend_v and_o leave_v justice_n not_o to_o be_v control_v and_o thus_o locrine_n a_o conqueror_n after_o he_o reign_v by_o account_n of_o most_o author_n twenty_o year_n through_o his_o intemperate_a lust_n and_o wanton_a affection_n be_v deprive_v at_o one_o time_n both_o of_o life_n and_o kingdom_n leave_v his_o body_n to_o be_v inter_v in_o treynovant_n gwendolena_n queen_n regent_n of_o britain_n locrinus_n for_o his_o unjust_a and_o unlawful_a love_n be_v thus_o just_o punish_v the_o state_n and_o counsellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n elect_v and_o choose_v gwendolena_n the_o abuse_a and_o injure_a queen_n during_o the_o nonage_n and_o minority_n of_o her_o son_n to_o fit_v at_o the_o helm_n and_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o lady_n be_v daughter_n to_o corinaeus_n who_o join_v his_o navy_n and_o come_v along_o with_o brute_n and_o he_o who_o encounter_v with_o gogwagog_n on_o the_o hill_n by_o dover_n as_o some_o write_v other_o say_v near_o plymouth_n in_o devon-shire_n which_o place_n this_o day_n be_v call_v the_o haw_o a_o hill_n betwixt_o the_o town_n and_o the_o sea_n on_o who_o brow_n be_v a_o spacious_a and_o pleasant_a down_o yield_v a_o delightful_a prospect_n in_o which_o be_v a_o sea_n mark_v call_v the_o compass_n to_o direct_v and_o guide_v navigator_n pass_v that_o way_n of_o this_o conflict_n betwixt_o corineus_n and_o gogmagog_n thus_o write_v a_o certain_a poet_n hos_fw-la avidum_fw-la belli_fw-la robur_fw-la corinaeus_n averno_n precipite_v misit_fw-la cubitis_fw-la ter_z quatuor_fw-la altum_fw-la gogmagog_n herculeo_n suspendit_fw-la in_o aere_fw-la luctu_fw-la antaeumque_fw-la suum_fw-la scopulo_fw-la detrusit_fw-la in_o aequor_fw-la potavitque_fw-la dato_fw-la thetis_n ebria_fw-la sanguine_fw-la fluctus_fw-la divisumque_fw-la tulit_fw-la mare_fw-la corpus_fw-la cerberus_n umbram_fw-la gwendolena_n to_o the_o eternal_a memory_n and_o glory_n of_o her_o name_n and_o sex_n govern_v this_o island_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fourteen_o year_n and_o then_o her_o son_n come_v to_o maturity_n and_o fit_a age_n to_o undertake_v so_o great_a a_o burden_n with_o the_o general_a applause_n and_o acclamation_n of_o all_o resign_v her_o trust_n and_o authority_n to_o madan_n madan_n son_n to_o locrine_n and_o gwendolena_n succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n madan_n son_n to_o locrine_n and_o gwendolena_n and_o grandchild_n to_o brute_n be_v now_o past_o his_o minority_n his_o mother_n joyful_o resign_v her_o regency_n and_o be_v with_o general_a applause_n and_o acclamation_n seat_v in_o his_o throne_n and_o with_o all_o solemnity_n acknowledge_v king_n about_o the_o year_n from_o the_o world_n creation_n
albania_n and_o be_v a_o part_n of_o britain_n for_o in_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o scot_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n victor_n for_o sacerdotibus_fw-la praeceptoribus_fw-la quos_fw-la victor_n pontifex_fw-la maximus_fw-la ad_fw-la christi_fw-la dogma_fw-la propalandum_fw-la in_o extremam_fw-la miserat_fw-la albionem_fw-la which_o far_a part_n of_o albion_n be_v 300._o mile_n distant_a from_o that_o part_n of_o albania_n which_o join_v with_o loegria_n england_n therefore_o we_o see_v clear_o that_o the_o scot_n only_o then_o live_v in_o the_o further_a and_o most_o remote_a part_n of_o albion_n or_o some_o land_n thereof_o and_o possess_v not_o our_o great_a albania_n the_o britain_n country_n and_o possession_n and_o in_o such_o sense_n they_o may_v call_v their_o small_a place_n of_o abode_n scotia_n or_o scotland_n yet_o can_v it_o be_v very_o small_a when_o josephus_n in_o the_o age_n before_o have_v testify_v that_o it_o have_v no_o land_n at_o all_o 13._o jâ—seph_n orat_fw-la ad_fw-la judaeos_fw-la apud_fw-la egisip_n lib._n 3_o cap._n 13._o scotia_n terris_fw-la nil_fw-la debet_fw-la of_o which_o be_v there_o place_n of_o habitation_n hear_v what_o mr._n cambden_n say_v that_o neither_o caesar_n nor_o volanus_fw-la penetrate_v so_o far_o into_o britain_n as_o the_o caledonian_n for_o as_o pliny_n do_v testify_v in_o his_o time_n three_o year_n after_o claudius_n the_o roman_a arm_n know_v no_o further_o of_o britain_n then_o to_o the_o caledonian_n wood_n for_o julius_n agricola_n under_o domitian_n britain_n mr._n cambden_n in_o scotland_n galgacus_n a_o stout_a britain_n be_v the_o first_o who_o enter_v caledonia_n where_o galgacus_n command_v galanc_n ap_fw-mi liennanc_fw-fr who_o be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o three_o hero_n of_o britain_n a_o man_n of_o strong_a courage_n and_o valiant_a spirit_n who_o so_o stout_o defend_v his_o country_n the_o 11._o legion_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v put_v to_o the_o worst_a that_o he_o never_o give_v over_o till_o fortune_n rather_o seem_v to_o forsake_v he_o then_o his_o own_o valour_n or_o courage_n these_o northern_a britain_n be_v the_o last_o who_o enjoy_v the_o liberty_n and_o also_o the_o further_a part_n of_o the_o island_n according_a to_o catullus_n caesaris_fw-la visens_fw-la monumenta_fw-la magni_fw-la gallicum_n rhenum_n horribiles_fw-la &_o ulti_fw-la mosque_fw-la britannos_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n severus_n as_o xiphilinus_n report_v argeticoxus_n a_o petty_a king_n reign_v in_o those_o northern_a part_n now_o call_v scotland_n but_o then_o albania_n or_o caledonia_n who_o lady_n be_v upbraid_v and_o taunt_v by_o julia_n augusta_n answer_v we_o british_a lady_n if_o we_o transgress_v it_o be_v with_o noble_a man_n both_o of_o valour_n worth_n and_o quality_n whereas_o you_o roman_z in_o hugger-mugger_n prostitute_v yourselves_o to_o every_o base_a varlet_n and_o inferior_a groom_n not_o far_o from_o the_o river_n taw_fw-mi stand_v perch_n in_o latin_a st._n joannis_n fanum_n vulgar_o st._n john_n john_n a_o place_n of_o late_a erection_n the_o ancient_a town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n long_o since_o be_v swallow_v up_o by_o the_o water_n of_o which_o nichanus_n transis_fw-la ample_a tai_n per_fw-la rura_fw-la per_fw-la oppida_fw-la per_fw-la perch_n regnum_fw-la sustentant_fw-la isthmus_n vrbis_fw-la opes_fw-la stow._n rous_n homes_n and_o stow._n but_o of_o cunedagius_fw-la the_o builder_n because_o a_o britain_n not_o a_o word_n from_o mr._n cambden_n cunedagius_fw-la have_v found_v perch_n in_o albania_n cast_v his_o eye_n upon_o cambra_n and_o there_o in_o the_o remote_a part_n begin_v a_o new_a erection_n at_o bangor_n which_o mr._n cambden_n also_o call_v banchor_n a_o choro_fw-la pulchro_fw-la from_o the_o fair_a choir_n or_o as_o other_o derive_v it_o locus_fw-la chori_fw-la the_o place_n of_o the_o choir_n owen_n glendoverduy_n the_o most_o wicked_a and_o arch_a rebel_n among_o many_o other_o town_n and_o city_n of_o wales_n set_v this_o also_o on_o fire_n and_o consume_v it_o king_n bangor_n build_v by_o cunedagius_fw-la the_o british_a king_n which_o be_v again_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o 7._o re-edify_v by_o bishop_n henry_n denâ—_n or_o denaeus_fw-la but_o not_o to_o the_o pristine_a glory_n for_o former_o it_o be_v so_o large_a and_o ample_a that_o for_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o it_o be_v call_v banchor_n vaur_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n who_o very_a ruin_n be_v not_o now_o apparent_a 28._o m._n b._n fol._n 602._o age_n 4._o ca._n 28._o we_o may_v have_v some_o apprehension_n of_o the_o great_a devotion_n of_o our_o britain_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n in_o this_o age_n viz._n 4._o age_n to_o chaste_a and_o monastical_a life_n by_o the_o example_n of_o st._n ursula_n and_o so_o many_o thousand_o of_o holy_a virgin_n with_o her_o devote_a to_o that_o profession_n which_o we_o may_v further_o confirm_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o britain_n ead_n jo._n bal._n cent_n 1._o in_o pela_n calph._n agric._n &_o congello_n bed_n hist_o eccles_n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o galf._n mon._n hist_o britt_n l._n 2._o cap._n 12._o mat._n west_n super_fw-la galf._n mon._n hist_o brit._n l._n 9_o c._n 12._o &_o l._n 11._o c._n 1._o matth._n west_n a_o 541._o galf._n mon._n hist_o brit._n l._n 11._o c._n 3._o manusc_n antiq_fw-la &_o cap._n in_o vita_fw-la st._n david_n mene_n &_o pit_n aetat_v 6._o in_o ead_n which_o be_v then_o in_o that_o part_n of_o britain_n now_o call_v wales_n more_o free_a from_o the_o saxon_n persecution_n who_o antiquity_n although_o not_o well_o preserve_v not_o name_v many_o archbishop_n of_o caer_n legion_n and_o very_o few_o bishop_n in_o that_o province_n have_v many_o from_o the_o first_o receive_v of_o their_o faith_n yet_o they_o do_v propose_v and_o record_v unto_o we_o many_o monastery_n and_o of_o great_a name_n and_o honour_n as_o that_o of_o bangor_n still_v it_o fumatum_fw-la collegium_fw-la where_o pelagius_n before_o his_o heresy_n live_v and_o by_o some_o be_v abbot_n praepositus_fw-la there_o have_v 2100_o monk_n in_o it_o and_o divide_v as_o it_o be_v into_o seven_o monastery_n every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v 300_o monk_n which_o monastery_n as_o st._n bernard_n our_o late_a author_n and_o other_o write_v be_v the_o head_n or_o chief_a of_o principal_a monastery_n and_o bring_v forth_o many_o thousand_o of_o monk_n in_o vita_fw-la malachiae_fw-la hibernensis_n episcopi_fw-la bernardus_n clarovallensis_n hunc_fw-la locum_fw-la tradit_fw-la primorum_fw-la extitisse_fw-la monasteriorum_fw-la caput_fw-la &_o multa_fw-la generavisse_fw-la monachorum_fw-la mille_fw-la this_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a monastery_n of_o this_o country_n nobilissimum_fw-la monasterium_fw-la as_o st._n bede_n and_o other_o term_v it_o and_o so_o just_o do_v have_v so_o many_o monk_n that_o be_v divide_v into_o 7_o company_n under_o 7_o pryor_n under_o their_o chief_a abbot_n every_o one_o have_v 300._o or_o more_o monk_n and_o among_o they_o most_o learned_a man_n viri_fw-la doctissimi_fw-la plures_fw-la de_fw-la nobilissimo_fw-la monasterio_n bancornabury_n lingua_fw-la anglorum_fw-la inter_fw-la caeteras_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la bangor_n quaedam_fw-la nobilissima_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la tantus_fw-la fertur_fw-la fuisse_fw-la numerus_fw-la monachorum_fw-la ut_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o 7_o portiones_fw-la esset_fw-la cum_fw-la praepositis_fw-la sibi_fw-la prioribus_fw-la monasterium_fw-la divisum_fw-la nulla_fw-la harum_fw-la portio_fw-la minus_fw-la quam_fw-la trecentos_fw-la monachos_fw-la haberet_fw-la cunedagius_fw-la build_v a_o three_o place_n in_o cornwall_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v but_o yet_o i_o can_v come_v to_o a_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o erect_v a_o temple_n and_o a_o flamen_n to_o mercury_n he_o reign_v thirty_o three_o year_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o troynovant_n or_o new_a troy_n now_o london_n a_o author_n call_v perth_n before_o speak_v of_o birth_n and_o say_v no_o less_o strange_a but_o more_o lamentable_a be_v the_o remembrance_n of_o the_o great_a innundation_n happen_v by_o the_o sudden_a rise_n of_o tai_n which_o bear_v away_o the_o wall_n and_o town_n of_o birth_n or_o perth_n and_o with_o it_o the_o cradle_n and_o young_a son_n of_o king_n william_n into_o the_o sea_n wherein_o the_o royal_a infant_n with_o many_o other_o perish_v the_o king_n and_o his_o courtier_n scarce_o escape_v the_o danger_n the_o ruin_n of_o this_o town_n raise_v another_o call_v st._n john_n town_n rivallus_n rivallus_n the_o son_n of_o cunedagius_fw-la take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n creation_n four_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o eight_o this_o king_n be_v style_v the_o fortunate_a and_o peaceful_a for_o that_o during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o govern_v his_o subject_n with_o all_o lenity_n meekness_n and_o prosperity_n yet_o author_n leave_v little_o record_v of_o this_o prince_n for_o indeed_o tragical_a act_n and_o warlike_a scene_n better_o please_v most_o writer_n in_o smooth_a and_o calm_a time_n yet_o it_o be_v
porrex_n ferrex_n and_o porrex_n the_o son_n of_o gorbodug_n be_v joint_o make_v ruler_n of_o great_a britain_n four_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o eleven_o or_o as_o some_o say_v thirteen_o this_o amity_n continue_v for_o a_o while_n betwixt_o the_o brother_n but_o ambition_n of_o sole_a command_n and_o a_o spirit_n not_o brook_v a_o colleague_n so_o inflame_v porrex_n the_o young_a that_o he_o intend_v to_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o his_o elder_a brother_n these_o tiding_n be_v bring_v to_o ferrex_n but_o the_o warning_n come_v not_o so_o speedy_o but_o that_o the_o danger_n be_v at_o the_o heel_n of_o it_o and_o the_o elder_a brother_n to_o avoid_v the_o snare_n lay_v for_o he_o have_v no_o other_o way_n but_o to_o fly_v into_o gallia_n and_o there_o as_o a_o humble_a suppliant_a to_o crave_v aid_n and_o succour_v of_o a_o duke_n who_o gaufride_n call_v gunhardus_fw-la or_o suardus_fw-la who_o most_o willing_o accord_v to_o his_o desire_n and_o furnish_v a_o navy_n well_o provide_v with_o munition_n as_o well_o man_n as_o weapon_n and_o the_o very_a nerve_n of_o war_n send_v he_o back_o into_o britain_n porrex_n who_o let_v no_o occasion_n slip_v which_o may_v advantage_v his_o design_n attend_v his_o land_n and_o at_o his_o very_a arrival_n scarce_o afford_v he_o leisure_n to_o order_v and_o marshal_v his_o force_n give_v he_o battle_n wherein_o bellona_n be_v so_o propitious_a unto_o he_o that_o victory_n crown_v his_o soldier_n although_o with_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o loss_n or_o at_o least_o discomfiture_n of_o all_o his_o army_n porrex_n though_o some_o mistake_n who_o make_v ferrex_n the_o survivor_n be_v now_o a_o absolute_a king_n without_o a_o competitor_n make_v himself_o sure_a of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n but_o long_o he_o enjoy_v not_o his_o unnatural_a conquest_n for_o the_o more_o unnatural_a mother_n idone_v widen_v or_o idone_v who_o affection_n more_o incline_v to_o her_o elder_a son_n vow_v revenge_n and_o arm_v herself_o with_o cruelty_n cruelty_n indeed_o before_o not_o hear_v of_o and_o take_v her_o maid_n to_o assist_v she_o in_o the_o night_n enter_v porrex_n pavilion_n where_o find_v he_o profound_o sleep_v these_o she_o devil_n become_v his_o hellish_a executioner_n and_o after_o inhumane_o tear_v he_o to_o piece_n after_o this_o most_o horrid_a murder_n follow_v a_o race_n of_o people_n whole_o addict_v to_o war_n and_o bloodshed_n daily_o invent_v and_o contrive_v broil_n and_o sedition_n and_o even_o in_o the_o quiet_a time_n of_o peace_n blood_n thirst_v insomuch_o that_o the_o weak_a go_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o he_o who_o imagine_v he_o have_v strength_n enough_o presume_v he_o have_v right_o enough_o to_o the_o kingdom_n thus_o have_v the_o britain_n daily_a domestic_a war_n till_o at_o the_o length_n the_o whole_a power_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o five_o tyrant_n or_o petty_a lord_n and_o governor_n who_o rule_v questionless_a with_o arbitrary_a power_n with_o a_o sic_fw-la volo_fw-la sic_fw-la jubco_fw-la but_o deserve_v not_o to_o be_v name_v as_o king_n of_o this_o island_n gaufride_n affirm_v that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o ferrex_n and_o porrex_n great_a discord_n and_o civil_a dissension_n arise_v among_o the_o britain_n which_o continue_v long_o insomuch_o that_o five_o king_n be_v erect_v which_o be_v a_o great_a plague_n and_o oppression_n to_o the_o country_n guido_n de_fw-fr columna_fw-la relate_v that_o the_o britain_n so_o abhor_a the_o lineage_n and_o offspring_n of_o gorbodug_n partly_o for_o the_o unnatural_a quarrel_n and_o hatred_n betwixt_o the_o two_o brother_n but_o above_o all_o for_o the_o horrid_a inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a cruelty_n of_o the_o mother_n that_o have_v there_o be_v any_o lawful_a heir_n to_o succeed_v they_o resolve_v none_o of_o that_o issue_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o government_n this_o cause_v a_o mighty_a distraction_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n insomuch_o that_o one_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o guide_n of_o albania_n or_o caledonia_n now_o scotland_n another_o seize_v upon_o loegria_n or_o england_n a_o three_o take_v cambria_n or_o wales_n and_o the_o four_o usurp_v cornwall_n for_o his_o share_n a_o five_o there_o be_v but_o by_o many_o author_n not_o distinct_o specify_v this_o difference_n continue_v till_o mulmutius_n which_o fabian_n say_v be_v 51._o year_n and_o to_o give_v some_o light_n what_o the_o name_n of_o those_o five_o king_n shall_v be_v he_o bring_v a_o addition_n of_o robert_n record_v thus_o the_o five_o king_n that_o be_v omit_v here_o be_v find_v in_o certain_a old_a pedigree_n and_o although_o their_o name_n be_v much_o corrupt_v in_o divers_a copy_n yet_o these_o be_v the_o most_o agreeable_a rudaucus_fw-la king_n of_o wales_n lotenus_fw-la king_n of_o cornwall_n pinnor_n king_n of_o loegria_n statorius_n king_n of_o scotland_n yevan_fw-mi king_n of_o northumberland_n quocirca_fw-la piremen_n loegriae_fw-la regem_fw-la aggreditur_fw-la &_o praelio_fw-la interfecit_fw-la mulmut_n vitus_n fol_z 181._o lib._n 2._o notius_fw-la ad_fw-la mulmut_n inde_fw-la factus_fw-la victor_n arma_fw-la tendit_fw-la in_o rudacum_n cambriae_fw-la regem_fw-la qui_fw-la faedere_fw-la inito_fw-la cum_fw-la albania_n rege_fw-la staterio_n conabatur_fw-la junctis_fw-la viribus_fw-la exercitum_fw-la movere_fw-la in_o provincias_fw-la mulmutii_n quibus_fw-la ille_fw-la obviam_fw-la &_o comitatus_fw-la triginta_fw-la millibus_fw-la fortissimorum_fw-la virorum_fw-la comissoque_fw-la diu_fw-la praelio_fw-la cum_fw-la videret_fw-la differri_fw-la victoriam_fw-la usus_fw-la est_fw-la fraud_n similitudinis_fw-la armorum_fw-la quibus_fw-la induti_fw-la erant_fw-la host_n ejus_fw-la atque_fw-la sic_fw-la pessundatis_fw-la regibus_fw-la ipsis_fw-la caeteros_fw-la palantes_fw-la fugavit_fw-la ad_fw-la urbes_fw-la &_o oppida_fw-la quibus_fw-la incensis_fw-la agrisque_fw-la devastatis_fw-la totam_fw-la omnino_fw-la insulam_fw-la suae_fw-la potestati_fw-la suaeque_fw-la jurisdictioni_fw-la subjecit_fw-la ac_fw-la primus_fw-la ex_fw-la auro_fw-la factum_fw-la diadema_fw-la capite_fw-la gestavit_fw-la quis_fw-la erat_fw-la rex_fw-la quintus_fw-la cantii_n nescitur_fw-la ex_fw-la historia_fw-la brittanica_fw-la quae_fw-la numerat_fw-la reges_fw-la quinque_fw-la nec_fw-la alios_fw-la quam_fw-la choose_fw-la qui_fw-la bella_fw-la gesserunt_fw-la commemorate_fw-la tres_fw-la fortasse_fw-la quod_fw-la illi_fw-la reliqui_fw-la in_o societatem_fw-la venerint_fw-la aut_fw-la sponte_fw-la se_fw-la subjecerint_fw-la where_o mulmutius_n set_v upon_o piremen_n or_o pinmor_n as_o the_o other_o author_n call_v he_o and_o kill_v he_o in_o the_o field_n and_o be_v now_o victorious_a and_o a_o conqueror_n in_o his_o first_o attempt_n full_a of_o courage_n and_o boldness_n he_o bend_v all_o his_o power_n and_o force_n against_o rudacus_n king_n of_o wales_n who_o have_v make_v a_o offensive_a and_o defensive_a league_n with_o statorius_n king_n of_o albania_n with_o join_a force_n and_o banner_n display_v have_v invade_v his_o territory_n mulmutius_n delay_v no_o time_n but_o be_v in_o the_o head_n of_o a_o gallant_a army_n consist_v of_o thirty_o thousand_o experience_a soldier_n give_v they_o the_o meeting_n and_o join_v battle_n but_o think_v victory_n to_o hover_v too_o long_o before_o she_o incline_v to_o his_o paâ—t_n he_o make_v use_v of_o a_o stratagem_n and_o counterfeit_v the_o arm_n weapon_n and_o habit_n of_o his_o enemy_n in_o a_o friendly_a appearance_n give_v they_o a_o most_o discourteous_a and_o unfriendly_a overthrow_n insomuch_o that_o the_o two_o king_n be_v quite_o overthrow_v he_o pursue_v the_o straggle_a soldier_n who_o fly_v to_o town_n and_o fortify_v place_n which_o he_o present_o set_v on_o fire_n and_o destroy_v all_o round_o about_o bring_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n under_o his_o own_o power_n and_o subjection_n and_o be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n he_o encircle_n his_o conquer_a temple_n with_o a_o diadem_n of_o pure_a gold_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o british_a king_n that_o ever_o do_v the_o like_a who_o be_v the_o five_o king_n either_o in_o kent_n or_o as_o other_o say_v in_o northumberland_n the_o british_a history_n do_v not_o full_o declare_v only_o the_o three_o who_o wage_v war_n against_o mulmutius_n be_v express_o treat_v of_o the_o other_o either_o for_o that_o they_o combine_v or_o submit_v be_v silent_o pass_v over_o after_o the_o death_n and_o murder_n of_o ferrex_n and_o porrex_n end_v the_o lineal_a descent_n of_o old_a brute_n but_o here_o a_o curious_a diver_n into_o antiquity_n may_v object_v how_o then_o be_v the_o promise_n in_o the_o prophecy_n by_o the_o oracle_n make_v good_a that_o to_o the_o king_n of_o his_o seed_n totius_fw-la terrae_fw-la subditus_fw-la orbis_fw-la erit_fw-la this_o universe_n shall_v they_o obey_v if_o after_o the_o space_n of_o 600_o and_o some_o few_o year_n his_o race_n shall_v be_v extinct_a this_o objection_n be_v nothing_o to_o the_o oracle_n for_o it_o be_v not_o specify_v whether_o it_o shall_v be_v fulfil_v in_o the_o direct_a or_o collateral_a line_n so_o that_o if_o any_o of_o a_o british_a offspring_n shall_v obtain_v the_o dominion_n over_o the_o whole_a world_n that_o be_v so_o far_o as_o ever_o any_o emperor_n have_v command_v
before_o so_o many_o persecutor_n and_o in_o the_o high_a of_o their_o malice_n and_o rage_n against_o st._n alban_n fall_v thereby_o into_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o hatred_n with_o they_o for_o present_o thereupon_o to_o speak_v in_o a_o old_a author_n word_n the_o enemy_n of_o truth_n apprehend_v he_o beat_v out_o his_o tooth_n rend_v his_o holy_a mouth_n and_o break_v all_o his_o bone_n and_o although_o nothing_o remain_v in_o his_o body_n without_o hurt_n 8._o gild._a l._n 2._o the_o excid_n brit._n c._n 8._o yet_o his_o fervent_a faith_n remain_v without_o harm_n and_o be_v thus_o leave_v so_o maim_v lame_a and_o baptize_v in_o his_o own_o blood_n and_o also_o half_o dead_a with_o all_o the_o power_n and_o strength_n he_o can_v with_o his_o hand_n creep_v up_o to_o the_o hill_n where_o st._n alban_n be_v martyr_v who_o when_o the_o judge_n espy_v he_o say_v unto_o he_o pray_v to_o thy_o alban_n to_o set_v thy_o bone_n in_o order_n and_o lay_v his_o head_n here_o strike_v off_o to_o thy_o body_n and_o thou_o shall_v receive_v perfect_a health_n from_o he_o bury_v thou_o he_o and_o let_v he_o cure_v thou_o heraclius_n answer_v i_o most_o firm_o believe_v that_o st._n alban_n by_o his_o merit_n be_v able_a to_o heal_v i_o and_o easy_o perform_v that_o you_o mock_v we_o with_o then_o reverent_o take_v the_o head_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o devout_o lay_v it_o to_o his_o body_n he_o begin_v to_o recover_v the_o former_a strength_n of_o the_o same_o despair_v before_o and_o be_v thus_o miraculous_o recover_v and_o make_v whole_a cease_v not_o in_o the_o hear_n of_o all_o the_o people_n to_o preach_v unto_o they_o the_o merit_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o power_n of_o christ_n and_o dig_v the_o earth_n bury_v the_o body_n of_o the_o martyr_a saint_n before_o they_o there_o which_o the_o pagan_n see_v say_v among_o themselves_o what_o shall_v we_o do_v this_o man_n can_v be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o sword_n we_o have_v already_o break_v his_o body_n and_o he_o have_v already_o receive_v his_o former_a strength_n again_o and_o apprehend_v he_o with_o horrible_a torment_n they_o tear_v his_o holy_a body_n in_o piece_n and_o last_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n and_o so_o this_o happy_a soldier_n persevere_v in_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n together_o with_o st._n alban_n deserve_v to_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o crown_n of_o martydom_n the_o judge_n himself_o be_v hereby_o so_o move_v and_o convince_v 2._o mr._n br._n 443._o 2._o that_o he_o present_o command_v the_o persecution_n to_o cease_v jacobus_n genuensis_n bishop_n of_o genoa_n and_o his_o old_a english_a translation_n say_v this_o soldier_n call_v by_o some_o before_o herculius_n be_v a_o knight_n and_o they_o yield_v a_o reason_n beside_o their_o assertion_n which_o be_v the_o noble_a renown_n of_o st._n alban_n who_o as_o they_o say_v be_v lord_n of_o the_o city_n of_o verulam_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o knight_n and_z steward_z of_o the_o land_n 7._o bede_n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o and_o the_o judge_n dread_a for_o to_o slay_v he_o because_o of_o the_o great_a love_n that_o the_o emperor_n have_v to_o he_o and_o for_o reverence_n of_o his_o dignity_n and_o power_n of_o his_o kindred_n unto_o the_o time_n that_o he_o have_v inform_v dioclesian_n 455._o jacob._n gon._n in_o vit_fw-mi st._n alb._n &_o s._n amp._n anglica_n translat_a ibid._n mr._n br._n f._n 455._o and_o therefore_o when_o judgement_n be_v pronounce_v against_o he_o the_o which_o be_v defer_v six_o week_n until_o miximian_n his_o come_n into_o britain_n to_o see_v such_o wicked_a execution_n thus_o they_o deliver_v than_o maximian_n and_o asclepiodotus_n give_v final_a sentence_n on_o he_o say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n dioclesian_n alban_n lord_n of_o verulam_n prince_n of_o knight_n and_z steward_z of_o britain_n during_o his_o life_n have_v despise_v jupiter_n and_o apollin_n god_n and_o to_o they_o have_v do_v derogation_n and_o disworship_n wherefore_o he_o ought_v by_o the_o law_n to_o be_v dead_a by_o the_o hand_n of_o some_o knight_n and_o the_o body_n to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o his_o head_n shall_v be_v smite_v of_o and_o his_o sepulchre_n to_o be_v make_v worshipful_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n whereof_o he_o be_v prince_n and_o also_o the_o cross_n that_o he_o bear_v and_o sklavin_n that_o he_o ware_n shall_v be_v bury_v with_o he_o and_o his_o body_n to_o be_v close_v in_o a_o chest_n of_o lead_n and_o so_o lay_v in_o his_o sepulchre_n this_o sentence_n have_v law_n ordain_v because_o he_o have_v reny_z our_o principal_a go_n these_o author_n say_v maximian_n and_o king_n asclepiodotus_n give_v this_o sentence_n we_o have_v speak_v elsewhere_o of_o those_o martyr_n which_o suffer_v at_o litchfield_n let_v we_o therefore_o return_v to_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la who_o almighty_a god_n have_v make_v the_o instrument_n to_o the_o conversion_n of_o so_o many_o soul_n these_o bloody_a persecutor_n have_v thus_o barbarous_o and_o without_o all_o commpassion_n of_o lineage_n kindred_n friendship_n country_n or_o whatsoever_o relation_n of_o love_n or_o mercy_n put_v these_o holy_a saint_n to_o death_n they_o now_o pour_v out_o the_o bottom_n of_o their_o malice_n upon_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la neither_o regard_v his_o noble_a descent_n before_o remember_v venerable_a and_o old_a year_n 1_o mat._n west_n a_o 303._o manus_fw-la antiq._n in_o vita_fw-la s._n ample_n capg_n in_o eodem_fw-la mr._n br_n f._n 447._o 1_o learning_n or_o whatsoever_o but_o bound_v his_o arm_n with_o thong_n and_o drive_v he_o barefooted_a before_o their_o horse_n so_o long_o a_o journey_n from_o the_o border_n of_o britain_n where_o they_o apprehend_v he_o unto_o the_o city_n of_o verulam_n where_o the_o perfect_a and_o lieutenant_n then_o be_v resident_a and_o as_o they_o thus_o contemptible_o carry_v he_o barefooted_a and_o bind_v a_o sick_a man_n lie_v in_o the_o way_n in_o the_o sight_n and_o hear_n of_o they_o all_o cry_v out_o unto_o he_o o_o thou_o servant_n of_o god_n almighty_n help_v i_o that_o i_o which_o lie_v oppress_v by_o my_o own_o infirmity_n may_v be_v relieve_v by_o thy_o intercession_n for_o i_o do_v believe_v that_o by_o the_o call_n upon_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n thou_o be_v able_a present_o to_o restore_v my_o health_n unto_o i_o and_o forthwith_o the_o man_n which_o lie_v thus_o sick_a before_o the_o eye_n of_o they_o all_o arise_v up_o joyful_o and_o perfect_o well_o when_o these_o wicked_a pagan_a persecutor_n have_v thus_o barbarous_o bring_v he_o within_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n as_o though_o this_o holy_a saint_n have_v be_v unworthy_a to_o enter_v into_o it_o and_o their_o troop_n so_o great_a by_o that_o be_v say_v before_o that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v convenient_o receive_v therein_o they_o stay_v themselves_o as_o it_o be_v pitch_v their_o tent_n in_o a_o place_n then_o desert_a now_o call_v redburne_n three_o mile_n from_o st._n alban_n throw_v down_o their_o shield_n and_o strike_v their_o speer_n into_o the_o ground_n and_o thus_o rest_v themselves_o only_a st._n amphibalus_fw-la rest_v not_o but_o preach_v continual_o the_o doctrine_n of_o salvation_n to_o his_o enemy_n who_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n give_v notice_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o those_o of_o the_o city_n of_o their_o return_n and_o bring_v with_o they_o the_o instructor_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o that_o they_o have_v put_v all_o those_o christian_n before_o speak_v of_o to_o death_n in_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n after_o their_o long_a journey_n thither_o which_o when_o the_o governor_n hear_v he_o call_v the_o people_n together_o and_o exhort_v they_o let_v we_o all_o go_v forth_o and_o meet_v our_o enemy_n that_o he_o that_o have_v offend_v may_v receive_v revenge_n of_o we_o all_o and_o so_o haste_v forth_o strive_v as_o it_o be_v who_o shall_v go_v first_o go_v by_o the_o way_n lead_v to_o the_o north_n as_o our_o antiquity_n say_v the_o better_a to_o set_v down_o the_o old_a place_n and_o situation_n of_o that_o ancient_a city_n which_o they_o then_o leave_v almost_o vacant_a and_o come_v in_o this_o rage_a madness_n and_o multitude_n to_o torment_v and_o martyr_n this_o holy_a saint_n they_o find_v he_o all_o wrap_v in_o chain_n and_o bond_n and_o present_o strip_v he_o naked_a slit_v his_o belly_n and_o pull_v out_o his_o entrail_n tie_v they_o to_o a_o stake_n which_o they_o have_v fasten_v in_o the_o ground_n enforce_v he_o to_o be_v lead_v round_o about_o it_o and_o the_o holy_a saint_n of_o god_n show_v no_o sign_n of_o grief_n at_o all_o among_o such_o and_o so_o many_o affliction_n the_o wicked_a persecutor_n thereby_o the_o more_o enrage_a send_v he_o for_o a_o mark_n as_o it_o be_v and_o with_o their_o knife_n and_o spear_n pierce_v and_o
all_o and_o his_o son_n jesus_n christ_n he_o alone_o by_o right_n obtain_v this_o honour_n by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n to_o have_v that_o which_o be_v bury_v in_o death_n to_o reign_v among_o man_n 45._o how_o be_v of_o the_o roman_n f._n 45._o in_o the_o 20._o year_n of_o this_o constantine_n be_v hold_v as_o say_v mr._n howes_n the_o council_n of_o nice_a with_o great_a solemnity_n wherein_o be_v condemn_v and_o suppress_v the_o damnable_a heresy_n of_o arius_n bigot_n the_o vainglorious_a and_o dissemble_a minister_n whereof_o the_o arian_n heresy_n take_v the_o name_n and_o for_o a_o long_a space_n after_o much_o trouble_a christendom_n and_o at_o this_o time_n the_o nicene_n creed_n be_v command_v to_o be_v sing_v and_o say_v in_o all_o church_n and_o the_o forename_a arius_n pretend_v to_o make_v a_o retract_v of_o all_o his_o heresy_n take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o emperor_n heretic_n the_o fearful_a end_n of_o a_o arch_a heretic_n as_o if_o he_o have_v great_a necessity_n to_o take_v physic_n to_o purge_v his_o body_n which_o purgation_n never_o cease_v work_v till_o it_o have_v purge_v he_o of_o all_o his_o blood_n and_o bowel_n and_o so_o he_o die_v most_o miserable_o and_o shameful_o ibid._n how_o es_fw-mi ibid._n about_o this_o time_n say_v the_o same_o author_n octavius_n who_o constantine_n leave_v governor_n in_o britain_n rebel_v against_o who_o constantine_n send_v traherne_a his_o uncle_n with_o a_o legion_n of_o roman_n who_o after_o divers_a conflict_n be_v slay_v 4._o old_a english_a chronic._n f._n 34_o p._n 4._o the_o old_a english_a chronicle_n say_v when_o constantine_n go_v from_o this_o land_n to_o rome_n he_o take_v all_o his_o land_n to_o keep_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n that_o be_v call_v octavian_n and_o anon_o as_o this_o octavian_n wist_v that_o his_o lord_n dwell_v at_o rome_n incontinent_a be_v cease_v all_o the_o land_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o therewith_o do_v all_o his_o will_n among_o hy_z and_o low_a and_o they_o hold_v he_o for_o king_n but_o other_o historian_n both_o british_a and_o english_a domestical_a and_o foreign_a affirm_v that_o constantine_n at_o his_o go_v from_o britain_n to_o rome_n commit_v the_o government_n of_o this_o country_n to_o the_o roman_a proconsul_n and_o the_o name_v octavian_n or_o octavius_n take_v arm_n against_o they_o slay_v they_o and_o so_o obtain_v to_o be_v king_n here_o the_o monk_n of_o westminster_n say_v this_o octavius_n be_v a_o king_n before_o a_o regulus_n or_o prince_n of_o the_o people_n in_o and_o about_o worcestershire_n harding_n say_v he_o be_v duke_n of_o west_n sex_n he_o must_v mean_v where_o the_o west_n saxon_n after_o rule_v for_o they_o come_v not_o into_o britain_n till_o a_o long_a time_n after_o this_o but_o after_o his_o day_n come_v one_o octavius_n duke_n of_o west_n sex_n that_o crown_v be_v for_o king_n that_o slewgh_o the_o werdin_n of_o constantinus_n which_o that_o he_o set_v for_o britain_n govern_v in_o his_o absence_n to_o keep_v it_o in_o all_o thing_n beside_o this_o there_o be_v other_o difficulty_n among_o the_o historian_n about_o this_o octavius_n and_o such_o as_o will_v discredit_v he_o for_o have_v have_v many_o great_a and_o chief_a and_o long_o command_v as_o a_o king_n in_o this_o nation_n math_n westm_n set_v down_o his_o conquer_a the_o roman_a proconsul_n here_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 314_o when_o divers_a more_o ancient_a and_o receive_v historian_n say_v that_o s._n helen_n our_o queen_n and_o empress_n continue_v here_o long_o after_o that_o time_n 4._o br._n fol._n 543._o 4._o and_o her_o son_n constantine_n emperor_n now_o at_o the_o high_a of_o his_o glory_n power_n and_o victory_n and_o have_v so_o many_o british_a soldier_n without_o employment_n in_o france_n so_o near_o unto_o we_o can_v be_v imagine_v to_o have_v suffer_v any_o enemy_n in_o his_o own_o native_a country_n so_o to_o have_v prevail_v or_o how_o can_v such_o a_o man_n as_o octavius_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v assemble_v such_o a_o army_n in_o britain_n where_o that_o victorious_a emperor_n be_v undoubted_a king_n and_o whence_o he_o have_v so_o great_a a_o army_n of_o britain_n so_o late_o before_o that_o by_o they_o as_o our_o historian_n write_v he_o vanquish_v all_o most_o innumerable_a company_n of_o his_o most_o potent_a enemy_n and_o as_o these_o relator_n of_o octavius_n his_o proceed_n themselves_o be_v witness_n the_o power_n with_o constantine_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o roman_n which_o come_v hither_o unto_o he_o see_v his_o power_n say_v no_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n be_v comparable_a to_o he_o for_o strength_n where_o then_o in_o britain_n can_v octavius_n gather_v a_o army_n so_o soon_o to_o encounter_v and_o overthrow_v three_o legion_n of_o roman_a soldier_n beside_o their_o adherent_n as_o these_o man_n say_v and_o eusebius_n say_v that_o constantine_n himself_o come_v hither_o again_o and_o be_v here_o long_o after_o this_o pretend_a revolt_n and_o at_o his_o death_n give_v britain_n the_o ancient_a patrimony_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n again_o these_o man_n say_v octavius_z be_v king_n here_o until_o maximus_n his_o time_n and_o marry_v his_o only_a daughter_n and_o heir_n unto_o he_o when_o it_o be_v a_o common_a consent_n in_o antiquity_n that_o this_o maximus_n or_o maximinianus_fw-la be_v not_o king_n in_o britain_n till_o after_o the_o 380._o year_n of_o christ_n therefore_o he_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v to_o be_v very_o young_a of_o too_o few_o year_n at_o the_o go_n of_o constantine_n hence_o for_o he_o to_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o britain_n unto_o he_o or_o for_o himself_o to_o have_v so_o soon_o usurp_v against_o it_o so_o rightful_a and_o potent_a king_n and_o emperor_n our_o most_o ancient_a and_o best_a historian_n s._n gildas_n s._n bede_n marianus_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n ethelwardus_fw-la henry_n of_o huntingdon_n and_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n although_o as_o diligent_o as_o they_o can_v recount_v our_o king_n of_o britain_n never_o mention_v any_o such_o octavius_n or_o octavian_n but_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o ancient_a among_o they_o s._n gildas_n plain_o say_v that_o this_o island_n be_v at_o this_o time_n and_o until_o maximus_n or_o maximinian_n a_o britain_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o empire_n a_o roman_a island_n insula_fw-la nomen_fw-la romanum_fw-la tenens_fw-la and_o divers_a historian_n both_o late_a and_o ancient_a do_v particular_o set_v down_o our_o king_n after_o constantine_n the_o great_a and_o roman_a leiutenant_n here_o until_o these_o day_n as_o constantine_n constantius_n julian_n valentinian_n gratian_n emperor_n or_o king_n martinus_n lupicinus_n nectaridius_n theodosius_n fraomarius_n and_o other_o roman_a lieutenant_n and_o governor_n here_o and_o when_o the_o council_n of_o ariminum_n be_v keep_v about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 360_o and_o the_o 23._o year_n of_o constantius_n son_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o constantius_n be_v our_o king_n in_o britain_n and_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o poor_a bishop_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o then_o under_o his_o government_n which_o be_v present_a there_o and_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o lose_v britain_n or_o any_o other_o country_n of_o his_o empire_n then_o as_o sozomen_n and_o other_o testify_v that_o council_n thus_o write_v unto_o he_o 47._o epist_n arimin_n conc._n ad_fw-la constant_n imp._n apud_fw-la sozoni_n hist_o l._n 4._o c._n 47._o at_o this_o time_n this_o empire_n so_o increase_v that_o all_o the_o world_n be_v under_o his_o government_n this_o be_v above_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o great_a constantine_n in_o who_o time_n this_o revolt_n of_o britain_n from_o he_o be_v thus_o suppose_a and_o above_o twice_o so_o long_a time_n of_o the_o imagine_a usurpation_n here_o by_o octavius_n and_o zonaras_n write_v that_o this_o constantius_n in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o his_o empire_n banish_v or_o rather_o carry_v with_o he_o athanasius_n into_o britain_n at_o his_o come_n hither_o therefore_o i_o dare_v not_o assent_v that_o in_o this_o time_n of_o the_o great_a flourish_a estate_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o power_n thereof_o in_o britain_n 379._o harding_n cron._n c._n 63._o f._n 51._o galf._n mon._n hist_o reg._n bri._n l._n 5._o cap._n 9_o pont._n virun_n hist_o l._n 5._o math._n west_n a_o 379._o especial_o from_o whence_o the_o glory_n of_o it_o grow_v to_o that_o greatness_n either_o octavius_n or_o any_o other_o so_o much_o prevail_v here_o to_o bar_v the_o emperor_n of_o that_o honour_n but_o he_o may_v towards_o the_o time_n of_o maximus_n or_o maximianus_n when_o the_o empire_n have_v more_o enemy_n and_o less_o power_n prevail_v in_o some_o such_o sort_n as_o these_o historian_n have_v write_v of_o he_o although_o they_o differ_v also_o in_o maximian_n as_o well_o as_o in_o octavius_n one_o say_v he_o
tiranidis_fw-la jugo_fw-la liberavi_fw-la civitatem_fw-la &_o s._n p._n q._n r._n libertatem_fw-la vindicans_fw-la pristinae_fw-la amplitudini_fw-la &_o splendori_fw-la restitui_fw-la you_o have_v here_o view_v illustrious_a prince_n our_o first_o christian_a emperor_n and_o his_o father_n fit_a pattern_n for_o imitation_n cast_v your_o gracious_a eye_n upon_o our_o first_o catholic_n king_n lucius_z and_o you_o shall_v find_v he_o christianity_n be_v now_o establish_v thus_o character_v interea_fw-la gloriosus_fw-la ille_fw-la britonum_fw-la rex_fw-la lucius_n cum_fw-la intra_fw-la regnum_fw-la suum_fw-la cultum_fw-la veer_fw-la fidei_fw-la magnificatum_fw-la esse_fw-la vidisset_fw-la maximo_fw-la gaudio_fw-la fluctuans_fw-la possessiones_fw-la &_o territoria_fw-la quae_fw-la prius_fw-la templa_fw-la idolorum_fw-la possidebant_fw-la in_o meliorem_fw-la usum_fw-la vertens_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la fidelium_fw-la permancre_fw-la concessit_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la majorem_fw-la honorem_fw-la ipsis_fw-la impendere_fw-la debuerat_fw-la augmentavit_fw-la illas_fw-la amplioribus_fw-la agris_fw-la &_o mansis_fw-la omnique_fw-la libertate_fw-la sublimavit_fw-la and_o a_o little_a after_o lucius_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o this_o land_n then_o call_v britain_n found_v the_o first_o church_n in_o london_n that_o be_v to_o say_v st._n peter_n church_n upon_o cornhill_n where_o he_o settle_v a_o archbishop_n see_v make_v that_o church_n the_o metropolis_n of_o his_o kingdom_n neither_o be_v his_o zeal_n and_o piety_n confine_v to_o that_o city_n for_o you_o shall_v find_v he_o erect_v a_o goodly_a cathedral_n at_o caerlegion_n in_o that_o part_n of_o england_n abusive_o call_v wales_n which_o now_o be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o monmothshire_n as_o also_o the_o famous_a university_n of_o bangor_n in_o the_o remote_a part_n thereof_o this_o holy_a king_n say_v my_o author_n grant_v make_v and_o sign_v many_o writing_n charter_n and_o donation_n for_o defence_n maintenance_n and_o preservation_n of_o religion_n as_o to_o the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n the_o school_n of_o shaftsbury_n with_o other_o and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v all_o this_o anno_fw-la 201._o inclitus_fw-la britannorum_fw-la rex_fw-la lucius_n in_o bonis_fw-la actibus_fw-la assumptus_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la vita_fw-la claudiocesbriae_fw-la migravit_fw-la ad_fw-la christum_fw-la &_o in_o ecclesia_fw-la primae_fw-la sedis_fw-la sepultus_fw-la honorifice_fw-la king_n arthur_n seal_v many_o grant_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o religion_n and_o learning_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o great_a victory_n thrice_o change_v his_o armorial_n ensign_n at_o last_o advance_v the_o cross_n for_o my_o author_n say_v king_n arthur_n that_o mighty_a conqueror_n and_o worthy_a have_v so_o great_a affection_n and_o love_n to_o this_o sign_n that_o he_o leave_v his_o arm_n which_o he_o use_v before_o wherein_o be_v figure_v three_o dragon_n another_o of_o three_o crown_n or_o as_o some_o say_v of_o thirteen_o and_o depict_v in_o his_o shield_n a_o cross_a silver_n in_o a_o field_n vert_fw-fr and_o on_o the_o first_o quarter_n thereof_o he_o figure_v a_o image_n of_o our_o b._n lady_n with_o her_o son_n in_o her_o arm_n and_o with_o this_o sign_n he_o do_v wonder_n in_o arms._n and_o to_o this_o hour_n we_o see_v the_o knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n of_o which_o number_n your_o grace_n the_o flower_n of_o chevaldry_n be_v one_o to_o bear_v argent_fw-fr a_o plain_a cross_n gules_a the_o field_n signify_v pureness_n of_o life_n the_o cross_n the_o blood_n that_o christ_n shed_v for_o this_o our_o people_n who_o trevisa_n call_v the_o people_n of_o god_n and_o the_o realm_n of_o god_n land_n the_o same_o ensign_n do_v joseph_n of_o aramathia_n give_v unto_o arviragus_z king_n of_o britain_n not_o many_o year_n after_o our_o saviour_n passion_n cadwallader_n the_o last_o british_a monarch_n for_o his_o arm_n bear_v azure_a a_o cross_n for_o my_o fitched_a or_n whole_a volume_n may_v be_v compile_v of_o this_o subject_a and_o the_o worthy_a and_o most_o christian_a act_n of_o your_o sanct_o progenitor_n but_o lest_o i_o shall_v convert_v a_o epistle_n dedicatory_a into_o history_n or_o chronology_n i_o will_v proceed_v no_o further_o humble_o offer_v up_o these_o my_o weak_a endeavour_n before_o the_o shrine_n of_o your_o goodness_n with_o all_o integrity_n beseech_v almighty_a god_n that_o you_o may_v if_o not_o excel_v at_o least_o equal_a the_o most_o valiant_a and_o virtuous_a of_o your_o royal_a progenitor_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o daily_a prayer_n of_o your_o royal_a highness_n most_o faithful_a and_o humble_a servant_n percy_z enderby_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n anarawd_n king_n of_o north-wales_n eidwal_n king_n of_o the_o same_o meurick_n or_o meirick_n eidwal_n ii_o jago_n conan_n griffith_n king_n of_o north-wales_n owen_n king_n of_o north-wales_n jorwerth_n son_n and_o heir_n to_o owen_n marry_v marret_n d._n to_o madoc_n prince_n of_o powis_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n gladis_n sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n marry_v to_o ralph_n lord_n mortimer_n who_o in_o her_o right_n shall_v have_v be_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n roger_n lord_n mortimer_n edmund_n lord_n mortimer_n roger_n lord_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n edmund_n lord_n mortimer_n etc._n etc._n roger_n lord_n mortimer_n edmund_z earl_n of_o march_z marry_v philip_n d._n and_o h._n to_o lyonel_n d._n of_o clarence_n roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n leave_v one_o only_a daughter_n and_o heir_n marry_v to_o richard_n earl_n of_o cambridge_n richard_z duke_z of_o york_z king_n edward_n the_o four_o elizabeth_z sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n marry_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o descend_v from_o owen_n tudor_n margaret_z elder_a daughter_n to_o henry_n the_o seven_o and_o in_o her_o issue_n his_o inheretrix_fw-la be_v grandmother_n to_o mary_n queen_n of_o scotland_n france_n and_o england_n mother_n to_o king_n james_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n etc._n etc._n grandfather_n to_o james_n duke_n of_o york_n who_o marry_v anne_n daughter_n to_o sir_n edward_n hyde_n baron_n of_o henden_fw-ge and_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n and_o have_v issue_n charles_n duke_n of_o cambridge_n york_z the_o city_n of_o york_n ancient_o call_v eboracum_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n vre_n which_o we_o call_v ouse_n in_o the_o west-riding_a of_o this_o county_n and_o be_v the_o second_o city_n of_o england_n both_o for_o fame_n and_o greatness_n a_o pleasant_a large_a and_o stately_a place_n all_o well_o fortify_v and_o beautiful_o adorn_v as_o well_o with_o private_a as_o public_a edifice_n and_o rich_a and_o populous_a with_o all_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n ouse_n which_o cut_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o twain_o both_o part_n be_v join_v together_o with_o a_o fair_a stone-bridge_n consist_v of_o high_a and_o mighty_a arch_n a_o city_n of_o great_a fame_n in_o the_o roman_a time_n and_o of_o as_o eminent_a reputation_n in_o all_o age_n since_o and_o in_o the_o several_a turn_n and_o change_n which_o have_v befall_v this_o kingdom_n under_o the_o saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n have_v still_o preserve_v its_o ancient_a lustre_n adorn_v it_o be_v with_o a_o archiepiscopal_n see_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o britain_n nor_o stoop_v it_o low_o when_o the_o saxon_n receive_v the_o faith_n richard_n the_o second_o lay_v unto_o it_o a_o little_a territory_n on_o the_o west_n side_n thereof_o make_v it_o a_o county_n of_o itself_o in_o which_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n enjoy_v the_o right_n of_o palatine_n and_o for_o a_o further_a lustre_n to_o it_o henry_n the_o eight_o appoint_v here_o a_o council_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n consist_v of_o a_o lord_n precedent_n certain_a councillor_n a_o secretary_n and_o other_o officer_n and_o yet_o in_o none_o of_o these_o have_v york_n be_v more_o fortunate_a than_o that_o it_o adorn_v so_o many_o prince_n of_o the_o imperial_a line_n of_o germany_n and_o blood_n royal_a of_o england_n with_o stile_n and_o attribute_v of_o duke_n and_o earl_n of_o york_z 1._o otho_n of_o bavaria_n earl_n of_o york_n 2._o edmund_n of_o langley_n five_o son_n to_o edward_n the_o three_o duke_z of_o york_z 3._o edward_n plantagenet_n son_n of_o edward_n of_o langley_n duke_n of_o york_n 4._o rich._n plantagenet_n nephew_n of_o ed._n of_o langley_n duke_n of_o york_n 5._o rich._n of_o shrewsbury_n son_n of_o king_n edw._n duke_n of_o york_n 6._o henry_n second_o son_n to_o king_n henry_n seven_o duke_n of_o york_n after_o king_n of_o england_n 7._o charles_n second_o son_n of_o james_n king_n of_o england_n 8._o james_n second_o son_n to_o king_n charles_n now_o duke_n of_o york_n the_o duke_n of_o cumberland_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o set_v down_o at_o large_a the_o british_a line_n of_o this_o heroic_a and_o warlike_a prince_n rupertus_n be_v sufficient_a to_o tell_v you_o that_o he_o be_v son_n to_o that_o peerless_a and_o unparalleled_a princess_n elizabeth_n queen_n of_o bohemia_n daughter_n to_o james_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n sister_n to_o charles_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n
cogitation_n he_o nourish_v his_o ambitious_a humour_n howbeit_o know_v well_o that_o the_o force_n which_o be_v already_o bring_v into_o the_o isle_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o accomplish_v the_o enterprise_n he_o persuade_v vortiger_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o more_o aid_n shall_v be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o germany_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o name_v his_o brother_n octha_n and_o his_o son_n ebusa_n man_n of_o approve_a valour_n who_o may_v be_v direct_v to_o land_n with_o a_o power_n in_o the_o pict_n own_o country_n and_o to_o assail_v the_o inhabitant_n there_o while_o himself_o in_o the_o south_n part_v pursue_v the_o rest_n of_o they_o with_o who_o he_o have_v already_o encounter_v who_o force_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v divert_v from_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o isle_n to_o succour_v their_o country_n man_n at_o home_n or_o want_v their_o want_a supply_n which_o shall_v then_o of_o force_n be_v employ_v elsewhere_o for_o defence_n there_o may_v be_v some_o hope_n of_o a_o speedy_a and_o full_a end_n of_o the_o war_n the_o event_n whereof_o otherwise_o be_v now_o more_o to_o be_v fear_v then_o in_o former_a time_n if_o the_o north_n britain_n whet_v with_o the_o desire_n of_o revenge_n and_o have_v space_n of_o breathe_v give_v they_o shall_v make_v head_n and_o assail_v they_o again_o this_o counsel_n seem_v profitable_a howsoever_o it_o prove_v pernicious_a in_o the_o end_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o king_n either_o for_o that_o he_o foresee_v not_o the_o peril_n likely_a to_o ensue_v thereupon_o or_o else_o for_o that_o such_o thing_n as_o god_n himself_o have_v determine_v be_v doubtless_o though_o sometime_o foresee_v yet_o never_o prevent_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o german_n inflame_v with_o continual_a report_n of_o the_o wealth_n and_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o isle_n and_o solicit_v by_o hengist_n who_o discover_v unto_o they_o the_o weak_a estate_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o facility_n of_o supplant_n they_o hire_v certain_a small_a vessel_n wherein_o themselves_o wife_n child_n and_o family_n be_v transport_v into_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o land_n at_o which_o time_n rowen_n the_o daughter_n of_o hengist_n a_o woman_n of_o excellent_a beauty_n and_o not_o of_o the_o worst_a behaviour_n have_v be_v special_o send_v for_o by_o her_o father_n arrive_v in_o kent_n and_o be_v forthwith_o convey_v to_o the_o palace_n where_o vortiger_n and_o hengist_n make_v their_o abode_n of_o those_o german_n that_o then_o come_v over_o there_o be_v three_o several_a kind_n of_o people_n namely_o saxon_n juite_n and_o angles_n though_o the_o saxon_n seem_v to_o bear_v the_o most_o sway_n by_o reason_n both_o of_o the_o general_a respect_n of_o that_o nation_n for_o their_o many_o and_o great_a exploit_n wedesnday_n a_o god_n of_o the_o saxon_n from_o whence_o we_o call_v the_o three_o day_n in_o the_o week_n wedesnday_n and_o also_o for_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o captain_n hengist_n and_o horsa_n who_o where_o of_o the_o lineage_n of_o woden_n from_o who_o the_o saxon_a prince_n that_o afterward_o reign_v in_o this_o isle_n use_v always_o for_o honour_n sake_n to_o derive_v their_o descent_n from_o these_o saxon_n the_o east_n west_n and_o south_n saxon_n have_v their_o original_a the_o juite_n as_o some_o author_n report_n and_o as_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o name_n may_v seem_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o infer_v be_v descend_v from_o the_o jete_n and_o bothe_n and_o dwell_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o denmark_n which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v juiteland_n from_o they_o the_o kentish_a man_n whence_o the_o kentish_a man_n from_o whence_o with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o lie_v over_o against_o it_o have_v their_o beginning_n the_o name_n of_o the_o juite_n be_v of_o no_o long_a continuance_n in_o britain_n notwithstanding_o their_o posterity_n be_v incorporate_v into_o the_o saxon_n and_o angel_n who_o be_v account_v but_o one_o nation_n the_o name_n of_o either_o of_o they_o be_v indifferent_o use_v as_o common_a to_o both_o till_o in_o the_o end_n the_o angles_n possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n they_o be_v all_o know_v and_o call_v by_o that_o name_n alone_o the_o angle_n in_o those_o day_n be_v a_o people_n well_o esteem_v among_o the_o german_n and_o in_o number_n exceed_v both_o saxon_n and_o juite_n whence_o lin_n olnsh_fw-mi yorlsh_n northum_n note_v derby_n etc._n etc._n from_o whence_o touch_v their_o ancient_a seat_n the_o opinion_n of_o writer_n be_v differ_v though_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o they_o do_v sometime_o inhabit_v that_o part_n of_o denmark_n yet_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o angle_n which_o lie_v between_o juitland_n and_o holsutia_n from_o they_o come_v the_o east_n angle_n mercian_n and_o northumber_n but_o hengist_n know_v well_o that_o fraud_n and_o cunning_a practice_n oft_o time_n prevail_v where_o force_n itself_o can_v resolve_v as_o occasion_n may_v serve_v to_o make_v use_n of_o both_o and_o to_o that_o end_n observe_v well_o the_o king_n humour_n he_o apply_v himself_o in_o all_o thing_n to_o follow_v it_o special_o by_o soothe_v and_o nourish_v he_o in_o those_o vice_n to_o which_o by_o nature_n he_o be_v most_o addict_v suppose_v thereby_o to_o strengthen_v his_o own_o estate_n and_o with_o more_o security_n to_o accomplish_v his_o desire_n while_o the_o king_n intend_v nothing_o more_o than_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o own_o immoderate_a appetite_n in_o sensual_a pleasure_n 188_o british_a hist_n par_fw-fr 2._o fol._n 188_o which_o have_v already_o bring_v he_o in_o contempt_n and_o hatred_n with_o his_o people_n and_o will_v by_o all_o likelihood_n open_v the_o way_n to_o his_o speedy_a destruction_n whereupon_o one_o day_n invite_v vortiger_n to_o a_o feast_n he_o appoint_v rowen_n his_o daughter_n to_o attend_v upon_o he_o as_o his_o cupbearer_n at_o which_o time_n by_o her_o father_n instruction_n she_o behave_v herself_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o king_n fall_v in_o love_n with_o she_o and_o although_o he_o have_v a_o wife_n then_o live_v yet_o be_v he_o not_o ashamed_a to_o tell_v hengist_n in_o plain_a term_n that_o he_o earnest_o desire_v to_o become_v his_o son_n in_o law_n if_o he_o may_v attain_v his_o consent_n for_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n hengist_n who_o have_v cast_v out_o this_o bait_n on_o purpose_n to_o catch_v he_o pretend_v respect_n of_o vortiger_n own_o reputation_n which_o as_o he_o say_v shall_v be_v too_o much_o impair_v by_o match_v with_o a_o poor_a maid_n a_o stranger_n by_o birth_n far_o inferior_a to_o he_o in_o degree_n and_o no_o way_n worthy_a of_o so_o great_a fortune_n howbeit_o in_o the_o end_n he_o seem_v by_o entreaty_n to_o yield_v to_o that_o which_o himself_o will_v voluntary_o have_v offer_v and_o so_o make_v use_n of_o the_o occasion_n he_o be_v content_a to_o take_v the_o thanks_o which_o he_o of_o right_n shall_v have_v give_v hereupon_o vortiger_n have_v cast_v behind_o he_o all_o regard_n both_o of_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n do_v put_v away_o his_o lawful_a wife_n by_o who_o he_o have_v three_o child_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o faithful_a counsellor_n own_o vortiger_n marry_v hengistâ—_n daughter_n have_v a_o wife_n of_o his_o own_o marry_v hengist_n the_o saâ—â—â—s_n daughter_n upon_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o marriage_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o kent_n which_o have_v be_v many_o year_n together_o govern_v by_o guorongus_n as_o the_o king_n deputy_n there_o be_v assign_v to_o hengist_n who_o like_o a_o wily_a serpent_n have_v now_o get_v in_o his_o head_n find_v mean_n in_o short_a time_n to_o wind_n in_o his_o whole_a body_n it_o be_v report_v by_o some_o writer_n that_o vodin_n then_o archbishop_n of_o london_n reprove_v the_o king_n for_o his_o incontinency_n and_o other_o vice_n which_o draw_v he_o down_o with_o his_o realm_n to_o ruin_v be_v by_o the_o commandment_n of_o hengist_n put_v to_o death_n command_n the_o archbishop_n of_o london_n put_v to_o death_n by_o hengists_n command_n with_o many_o other_o priest_n and_o religious_a votary_n as_o person_n too_o well_o affect_v to_o their_o country_n and_o odious_a to_o the_o saxon_n for_o profession_n of_o christianity_n this_o inconsiderate_a match_n and_o immeasurable_a bounty_n of_o the_o king_n be_v much_o dislike_v by_o the_o britain_n for_o that_o the_o saxon_n presume_v of_o the_o king_n favour_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o new_a affinity_n with_o they_o come_v over_o daily_o in_o great_a number_n pester_v the_o east_n part_n of_o the_o isle_n and_o many_o time_n offer_v abuse_n to_o the_o natural_a inhabitant_n whereupon_o the_o british_a nobility_n complain_v to_o the_o king_n counsel_n vortiger_n neglect_v to_o hear_v his_o british_a noble_n counsel_n that_o their_o estate_n be_v
their_o memory_n with_o some_o worthy_a monument_n cause_v these_o stone_n to_o be_v set_v up_o in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o murder_n and_o burial_n the_o which_o stone_n have_v be_v first_o bring_v from_o africa_n into_o ireland_n and_o have_v be_v place_v on_o mount_n killare_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o industrious_a mean_n of_o merlin_n be_v convey_v to_o this_o place_n to_o the_o foresay_a end_n there_o be_v about_o this_o place_n certain_a little_a hill_n or_o bank_n under_o which_o be_v find_v sometime_o bone_n of_o big_a man_n and_o piece_n of_o armour_n also_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o remain_v old_a ruin_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o fortress_n which_o the_o roman_n most_o likely_a do_v build_v there_o in_o time_n past_a such_o be_v the_o devotion_n of_o this_o time_n as_o we_o may_v gather_v by_o old_a writer_n testify_v that_o after_o the_o pagan_a saxon_n have_v destroy_v the_o church_n and_o abbey_n in_o britain_n yet_o many_o still_o remain_v 16_o will._n lamb._n peram_fw-la of_o kent_n p._n 330._o mr._n broug_n fol._n 601._o mat._n west_n a_o 490._o idem_fw-la a_o 498._o galf._n mon._n hist_o brit._n l._n 7._o c._n 16_o and_o their_o abbat_n be_v honour_v and_o will._n lamb._n perambulation_n in_o kent_n tell_v we_o in_o ancient_a time_n even_o the_o great_a personage_n hold_v monk_n and_o nun_n in_o such_o veneration_n and_o like_n that_o they_o think_v no_o city_n in_o case_n to_o flourish_v no_o house_n to_o have_v long_a continuance_n no_o castle_n sufficient_o defence_v where_o be_v not_o a_o abbey_n priory_n or_o nunnery_n either_o place_v within_o the_o wall_n or_o plant_v at_o hand_n or_o near_o adjoin_v and_o number_v among_o our_o noble_n spiritual_a lord_n before_o the_o temporal_a so_o it_o be_v in_o that_o great_a solemnity_n when_o aurelius_n ambrose_n keep_v the_o feast_n of_o penticost_n at_o amesbury_n he_o have_v there_o many_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o many_o other_o noble_a person_n and_o after_o britain_n be_v more_o decay_v by_o those_o pagan_n yet_o there_o be_v still_o both_o bishop_n and_o abbat_n here_o and_o they_o bury_v the_o body_n of_o their_o king_n aurelius_n ambrose_n in_o regal_a manner_n thus_o it_o be_v in_o all_o place_n and_o province_n in_o this_o kingdom_n where_o these_o pagan_n reign_v most_o london_n winchester_n lincoln_n york_n and_o other_o part_n where_o they_o destroy_v church_n and_o all_o holy_a monument_n 462._o mat._n west_n a_o 462._o martyr_v the_o priest_n at_o the_o altar_n burn_v holy_a scripture_n deface_v and_o obscure_v martyr_n tomb_n they_o find_v every_o where_o religious_a person_n who_o fly_v their_o persecution_n hide_v themselves_o in_o cave_n woody_a place_n and_o desert_a crag_n of_o hill_n and_o mountain_n alla_fw-mi and_o his_o three_o son_n kymon_n pline_v and_o cissa_n come_v into_o britain_n with_o three_o ship_n and_o land_v with_o they_o in_o a_o place_n call_v kimon_n shore_n 53._o how_o be_v brit._n &_o saxon._n fol._n 53._o and_o there_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o britain_n force_v the_o rest_n to_o take_v their_o flight_n into_o a_o wood_n call_v andredsleage_v this_o alla_n fight_v with_o the_o britain_n in_o a_o place_n near_o unto_o macreds_n bear_v or_o micreds_n rilear_n slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n alla_fw-mi and_o cissa_n his_o son_n after_o long_a siege_n break_v into_o the_o city_n of_o andredcester_n and_o slay_v the_o inhabitant_n andredcester_n andredcester_n from_o the_o great_a to_o the_o small_a port_n and_o his_o two_o son_n byda_o and_o moegla_n arrive_v in_o britain_n with_o two_o ship_n in_o a_o place_n call_v portesmouth_n portsmouth_n portsmouth_n and_o there_o slay_v a_o young_a gentleman_n one_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o divers_a other_o the_o same_o year_n two_o duke_n to_o wit_n cerdic_n and_o kenric_a his_o son_n come_v into_o britain_n with_o five_o ship_n and_o arrive_v in_o a_o place_n call_v cerdic_n shore_n the_o same_o day_n they_o fight_v with_o the_o britain_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n sup_n howes_n ut_fw-la sup_n cerdic_n and_o his_o son_n kenrie_n slay_v natanland_n king_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o 5000_o man_n of_o who_o name_n that_o country_n as_o far_o as_o cerdicsford_n be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o natanleend_n i_o beseech_v mr._n how_o be_v to_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o tell_v he_o that_o port_n can_v not_o land_n at_o portsmorth_n nor_o cerdic_n at_o cerdicshore_n be_v name_n at_o their_o arrival_n utter_o unknown_a and_o questionless_a have_v other_o british_a name_n these_o nomenclation_n seem_v to_o be_v take_v from_o port_n and_o cerdic_n and_o therefore_o the_o author_n shall_v better_o have_v give_v their_o first_o appellation_n ambrose_n aurelianus_n or_o aurelius_n be_v poison_v dye_v when_o he_o have_v reign_v thirty_o five_o year_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o stone-hedge_n then_o call_v chorsa_n gigantum_fw-la it_o be_v strange_a to_o i_o that_o a_o prince_n so_o much_o a_o christian_n and_o a_o restaurator_n and_o repairer_n of_o church_n monastery_n and_o sacred_a place_n consecrate_v for_o the_o sepulture_n of_o devout_a christian_n and_o that_o both_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n shall_v be_v present_a at_o the_o funeral_n and_o obsequy_n of_o so_o deserve_v a_o king_n and_o not_o afford_v he_o a_o sepulchre_n in_o a_o church_n he_o have_v repair_v and_o re-edify_v so_o many_o uter_n pendragan_n after_o that_o aurelius_n ambrose_n be_v dead_a his_o brother_n uter_n pendragon_n who_o harrison_n call_v aurelius_n vterîus_n ambrosianus_n be_v make_v king_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 500_o the_o cause_n why_o he_o be_v surname_v pendragon_n be_v for_o that_o merlin_n the_o great_a prophet_n liken_v he_o to_o a_o dragon_n head_n that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o nativity_n marveilous_o appear_v in_o the_o firmament_n 53_o hollenshed_a hist_o of_o engl._n fol._n 127._o howes_n &_o stow_n britain_n and_o saxon_n fol._n 53_o at_o the_o corner_n of_o a_o blaze_a star_n as_o be_v report_v other_o suppose_v that_o he_o be_v so_o call_v of_o his_o wisdom_n and_o serpentine_a subtlety_n or_o for_o that_o he_o give_v the_o dragon_n head_n for_o his_o arm_n this_o uter_n hear_v that_o the_o saxon_n with_o their_o captain_n octa_n or_o occa_fw-la the_o son_n of_o hengist_n and_o his_o brother_n osca_n have_v besiege_v the_o city_n of_o york_n haste_v thither_o and_o give_v they_o battle_n put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o take_v osca_n and_o occa_fw-la prisoner_n hector_n boetius_fw-la in_o his_o chronicle_n be_v of_o a_o other_o opinion_n for_o he_o say_v uter_n pendragon_n at_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n aurelius_n be_v in_o wales_n as_o not_o yet_o full_o recover_v of_o a_o dangerous_a sickness_n wherewith_o late_o he_o have_v be_v extreme_o molest_v yet_o the_o lord_n of_o britain_n after_o the_o funeral_n of_o their_o last_o king_n come_v unto_o he_o and_o set_v the_o diadem_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o though_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o go_v against_o the_o saxon_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o aurelius_n his_o death_n be_v very_o busy_a and_o more_o earnest_a in_o pursue_v the_o war_n then_o before_o and_o army_n be_v yet_o prepare_v and_o send_v forth_o with_o all_o convenient_a speed_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o one_o nathaliod_n a_o man_n neither_o of_o ancient_a extraction_n nor_o skill_n in_o military_a affair_n the_o noble_a man_n be_v nothing_o please_v herewith_o and_o mislike_v altogether_o the_o lack_n of_o discretion_n in_o their_o new_a king_n they_o doubt_v much_o least_o in_o time_n to_o come_v he_o will_v have_v more_o delight_n to_o advance_v man_n of_o base_a lineage_n and_o degree_n than_o such_o as_o be_v descend_v of_o noble_a parentage_n yet_o because_o they_o will_v not_o put_v the_o state_n of_o the_o land_n in_o danger_n through_o any_o mutiny_n they_o agree_v to_o go_v forth_o with_o he_o in_o that_o journey_n occa_fw-la have_v advertisement_n give_v he_o by_o secreet_a letter_n send_v to_o he_o by_o some_o close_a friend_n among_o the_o britain_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o therefore_o in_o hope_n of_o the_o better_a success_n he_o make_v all_o possible_a speed_n to_o encounter_v the_o britain_n and_o thus_o the_o one_o army_n come_v in_o fight_n of_o the_o other_o they_o prepare_v to_o the_o battle_n and_o short_o after_o the_o first_o onset_n the_o britain_n retreat_v and_o turn_v their_o back_n by_o reason_n that_o one_o of_o their_o chief_a commander_n call_v gothlois_n disdain_v to_o be_v under_o nathaliod_n get_v he_o up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o next_o hill_n with_o such_o as_o be_v under_o his_o power_n and_o charge_n leave_v the_o other_o britain_n in_o eminent_a danger_n which_o they_o perceive_v begin_v also_o to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n there_o die_v no_o great_a number_n of_o the_o native_n for_o occa_fw-la mistrust_v what_o gothlois_n
satisfaction_n for_o his_o former_a lewd_a live_n but_o cast_v that_o aside_o he_o seem_v with_o his_o cowl_n or_o hood_n and_o habit_n to_o cast_v away_o also_o all_o shame_n and_o feel_n of_o piety_n and_o religion_n and_o humanity_n itself_o much_o more_o gildas_n set_v down_o which_o draw_v upon_o the_o british_a nation_n the_o just_a vengeance_n which_o almighty_a god_n pour_v down_o upon_o they_o cadwane_o cadwane_o duke_n of_o north-wales_n be_v make_v sovereign_a of_o the_o britain_n 56._o how_o be_v fol._n 56._o who_o give_v strong_a battle_n to_o ethelfred_n king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o force_v he_o to_o entreat_v for_o peace_n after_o which_o concord_n be_v make_v they_o continue_v all_o their_o life_n time_n love_v friend_n he_o reign_v twenty_o two_o year_n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east_n saxon_n begin_v under_o ercheminus_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 614._o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n or_o middle_a england_n begin_v under_o penda_n 626._o hollensh_v also_o say_v that_o he_o reign_v 22_o year_n though_o say_v he_o some_o allow_v but_o 13_o and_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o northumber_n cadwallin_n cadwallin_n the_o son_n of_o cadwane_o rule_v over_o the_o britain_n britain_n how_n fol._n 56._o b._n st._n martin_n in_o london_n by_o the_o britain_n he_o war_v strong_o upon_o the_o saxon_n and_o make_v penda_n king_n of_o mercia_n tributary_n to_o he_o he_o reign_v 48_o year_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o london_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n martin_n near_o unto_o ludgate_n which_o church_n be_v then_o new-founded_n and_o build_v by_o the_o britain_n in_o anno_fw-la 677._o an_o other_o author_n make_v a_o long_a relation_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n ella_n holl._n fol._n 166._o edwin_n be_v not_o son_n to_o ethelfred_n but_o to_o alla_fw-mi or_o ella_n and_o tell_v we_o that_o cadwallo_n for_o so_o he_o call_v he_o and_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o ethelfred_n be_v bring_v up_o in_o france_n be_v send_v thither_o unto_o solomon_n king_n of_o britain_n by_o cadwane_n when_o they_o be_v very_o young_a for_o this_o he_o cite_v gaufr_v and_o that_o after_o their_o return_n into_o this_o land_n when_o they_o be_v make_v king_n cadwall_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o edwin_n of_o the_o northumber_n there_o continue_v for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n great_a friendship_n betwixt_o they_o till_o at_o length_n edwin_n require_v of_o cadwall_n that_o he_o may_v wear_v a_o crown_n and_o celebrate_v appoint_v solemnity_n within_o his_o dominion_n of_o northumberland_n as_o well_o as_o cadwall_n do_v in_o his_o country_n cadwall_n take_v advice_n in_o this_o matter_n at_o length_n by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o his_o nephew_n brian_n he_o deny_v to_o grant_v unto_o edwin_n his_o request_n wherewith_o edwin_n take_v such_o displeasure_n that_o he_o send_v word_n unto_o cadwall_n that_o he_o will_v be_v crown_v without_o his_o licence_n since_o he_o will_v not_o willing_o give_v it_o whereunto_o cadwall_n answer_v that_o if_o he_o do_v so_o he_o will_v cut_v off_o his_o head_n under_o his_o diadem_n if_o he_o presume_v to_o wear_v any_o within_o the_o confine_n of_o britain_n hereupon_o discord_n arise_v betwixt_o these_o two_o prince_n they_o begin_v to_o make_v fierce_a and_o cruel_a war_n each_o of_o they_o against_o the_o other_o and_o at_o length_n join_v in_o battle_n with_o their_o main_a army_n cadwall_n lose_v the_o field_n with_o many_o thousand_o of_o his_o man_n and_o be_v chase_v flee_v into_o scotland_n and_o from_o thence_o get_v over_o into_o ireland_n and_o final_o pass_v over_o the_o sea_n into_o britain_n the_o less_o call_v armorica_n where_o of_o his_o cofin_n king_n solomon_n he_o be_v courteous_o receive_v and_o at_o length_n obtain_v of_o he_o ten_o thousand_o man_n to_o go_v with_o he_o back_o into_o his_o country_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o recover_v his_o land_n and_o dominion_n the_o which_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v cruel_o spoil_v waste_a and_o plunder_v by_o k._n edwin_n the_o same_o time_n brian_n the_o nephew_n of_o cadwall_n who_o he_o have_v send_v into_o brittany_n a_o little_a before_o to_o kill_v a_o certain_a wizard_n or_o soothsayer_n who_o k._n edwin_n have_v get_v out_o of_o spain_n name_v pelitus_n who_o by_o disclose_v the_o purpose_n of_o cadwall_n unto_o edwin_n great_o impeach_v cadwal_n design_n he_o fortify_v the_o city_n of_o exeter_n mean_v to_o defend_v it_o till_o the_o come_n of_o cadwall_n whereupon_o penda_n king_n of_o mercia_n besiege_v that_o city_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n purpose_v to_o take_v it_o and_o brian_n within_o it_o cadwall_n advertise_v hereof_o immediate_o after_o his_o arrival_n haste_v towards_o exeter_n and_o divide_v his_o people_n into_o four_o part_n set_v upon_o his_o enemy_n and_o take_v penda_n and_o overthrow_v his_o whole_a army_n penda_fw-la have_v no_o other_o shif_n to_o escape_v submit_v himself_o whole_o unto_o cadwall_n promise_v to_o become_v his_o liegeman_n and_o to_o fight_v against_o the_o saxon_n in_o his_o quarrel_n and_o this_o penda_fw-la be_v subdue_v cadwall_n call_v his_o noble_n together_o which_o have_v be_v disperse_v abroad_o a_o long_a time_n and_o with_o all_o speed_n go_v against_o edwin_n king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o slay_v he_o in_o battle_n at_o hatfield_n with_o his_o son_n osfride_n and_o godbold_n king_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ockney_n who_o be_v come_v thither_o to_o his_o aid_n by_o this_o it_o shall_v appear_v that_o fabian_n have_v gather_v amiss_o in_o the_o account_n of_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o british_a king_n for_o it_o appear_v by_o beda_n and_o other_o that_o edwin_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 634._o and_o whereas_o fabian_n attribute_v that_o act_n and_o divers_a other_o unto_o cadwan_n father_n of_o cadwall_n yet_o both_o galmon_n and_o beda_n with_o the_o most_o part_n of_o all_o other_o writer_n say_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o cadwall_n sup_v hollenshed_a ut_fw-mi sup_v harding_n assign_v but_o 13_o year_n to_o the_o reign_n of_o cadwall_n and_o declare_v that_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 606._o in_o the_o which_o year_n as_o he_o say_v cadwall_n begin_v his_o reign_n which_o opinion_n seem_v best_a to_o agree_v with_o that_o which_o be_v set_v down_o by_o other_o but_o to_o return_v to_o cadwall_n and_o his_o act_n as_o we_o find_v they_o record_v by_o the_o british_a writer_n after_o he_o have_v get_v this_o victory_n against_o the_o northumber_n he_o cruel_o pursue_v the_o saxon_n as_o though_o he_o mean_v so_o far_o as_o in_o he_o lay_v to_o destroy_v the_o whole_a race_n of_o they_o out_o of_o the_o land_n of_o britain_n and_o send_v penda_n against_o king_n oswald_n who_o succeed_v edwin_n though_o at_o the_o first_o penda_n receive_v the_o overthrow_n at_o havenfield_n yet_o afterward_o cadwall_n himself_o high_o displease_v with_o that_o chance_n slain_z king_n oswald_z slain_z pursue_v oswald_n and_o fight_v with_o he_o at_o a_o place_n call_v bourne_n where_o penda_n slay_v the_o say_a oswald_n after_o that_o oswald_n be_v slay_v his_o brother_n osunus_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o northumber_n and_o seek_v the_o favour_n of_o cadwall_n now_o rule_v as_o king_n over_o all_o brittany_n and_o at_o length_n by_o great_a gift_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o upon_o his_o humble_a submission_n he_o obtain_v peace_n till_o at_o length_n upon_o disgust_n penda_n obtain_v leave_v of_o cadwall_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o say_a osunus_n in_o with_o penda_n himself_o be_v slay_v then_o cadwal_n grant_v after_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n vlfridus_n the_o son_n of_o penda_n shall_v succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mertia_n britain_n cadwall_n absolute_a prince_n of_o all_o britain_n and_o thus_o cadwall_n rule_v thing_n after_o his_o own_o will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o final_o when_o he_o have_v reign_v as_o before_o be_v say_v as_o year_n he_o depart_v this_o life_n the_o 22d._o of_o november_n his_o body_n be_v embalm_v and_o dress_v with_o sweet_a confection_n be_v put_v in_o a_o brazen_a image_n by_o mervalous_a art_n melt_v and_o cast_v the_o which_o be_v set_v on_o a_o brazen_a horse_n of_o excellent_a beauty_n the_o britain_n erect_v aloft_o upon_o the_o west_n gate_n of_o london_n call_v ludgate_n in_o sign_n of_o his_o victorious_a conquest_n and_o for_o a_o terror_n to_o the_o saxon_n cadwallader_n cadwallader_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n descend_v from_o the_o noble_a race_n of_o the_o trojan_n by_o extreme_a plague_n of_o death_n and_o famine_n be_v drive_v to_o forsake_v this_o his_o native_a country_n and_o kingdom_n and_o to_o sojourn_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o subject_n with_o his_o cousin_n alan_n king_n of_o little_a britain_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n lhydaw_n of_o the_o first_o inhabit_v of_o
this_o place_n by_o the_o britain_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v conon_n of_o meriadoc_n now_o denbighland_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 384._o be_v the_o first_o prince_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n in_o armorica_n or_o little_a britain_n the_o second_o be_v 2._o graldonus_n 3._o solomon_n i._n britain_n the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n of_o little_a britain_n 4._o auldranus_fw-la 5._o budicus_n i._n 6._o howellus_fw-la magnus_fw-la this_o howel_n be_v with_o king_n arthur_n in_o his_o war_n 7._o howellus_fw-la ii_o 8._o alanus_fw-la i._n 9_o howellus_fw-la iii_o 10._o gilquellus_fw-la 11._o solomon_n ii_o 12._o alanus_fw-la ii_o of_o who_o mention_n be_v make_v in_o this_o place_n who_o descend_v of_o a_o daughter_n of_o run_v the_o son_n of_o mailgon_n gwyneth_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o forename_a howel_n two_o king_n of_o little_a britain_n 13._o conobertus_fw-la 14._o budicus_n ii_o 15._o theodoricus_n 16._o rualhonus_fw-la 17._o daniel_n dremrost_n i._n e._n with_o the_o red_a face_n 18._o aregstanus_fw-la 19_o maconus_n 20._o neomenius_n 21._o haruspagius_n 22._o solomon_n iii_n who_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o man_n and_o then_o be_v that_o kingdom_n turn_v into_o a_o earldom_n whereof_o alen_n be_v the_o first_o earl_n who_o valiant_o resist_v the_o norman_n and_o vanquish_v they_o oft_o at_o last_o it_o be_v a_o dukedom_n cadwallader_n bein_z in_o britain_n be_v certify_v that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o stranger_n as_o saxon_n angles_n and_o juthe_n have_v arrive_v in_o great_a britain_n and_o find_v it_o desolate_a and_o without_o inhabitant_n save_v a_o few_o saxon_n who_o have_v call_v they_o in_o and_o certain_a poor_a britain_n who_o live_v by_o root_n in_o rock_n and_o wood_n have_v overrun_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o and_o divide_v it_o into_o territory_n and_o kingdom_n inhabit_v that_o part_n which_o be_v then_o and_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o welsh_a who_o be_v the_o ancient_a britain_n call_v lhoyger_n and_o in_o english_a england_n with_o all_o the_o city_n town_n castle_n and_o village_n which_o the_o britain_n have_v build_v rule_v and_o inhabit_v by_o the_o space_n of_o 1827._o year_n under_o divers_a king_n and_o prince_n of_o great_a renown_n whereupon_o he_o purpose_v to_o return_v and_o by_o strength_n of_o british_a knight_n to_o recover_v his_o own_o land_n again_o after_o he_o have_v prepare_v and_o make_v ready_a his_o navy_n for_o the_o transport_v of_o his_o own_o man_n with_o such_o succour_n as_o he_o have_v find_v at_o alan_n hand_n a_o angel_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o a_o vision_n and_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o take_v his_o voyage_n towards_o britain_n but_o to_o rome_n to_o pope_n sergius_n where_o he_o shall_v end_v his_o life_n and_o be_v afterward_o number_v among_o the_o bless_a which_o vision_n after_o that_o cadwallader_n have_v declare_v to_o his_o friend_n alan_n he_o send_v for_o all_o his_o book_n of_o prophecy_n as_o the_o work_n of_o both_o merdhine_v or_o merlin_n to_o wit_n ambrose_n and_o sylvester_n surname_v merdhin_a wylht_n and_o the_o word_n which_o the_o eagle_n speak_v at_o the_o build_n of_o caer_n septon_n to_o be_v now_o come_v whereof_o they_o have_v prophesy_v to_o this_o very_a day_n the_o welsh_a the_o very_a real_a offspring_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v much_o addict_v unto_o prophecy_n and_o so_o confident_a that_o out_o of_o their_o old_a book_n i_o know_v some_o myself_o and_o those_o of_o good_a quality_n they_o doubt_v not_o to_o tell_v you_o thing_n to_o come_v but_o those_o prophecy_n be_v never_o discern_v to_o have_v come_v to_o pass_v till_o it_o be_v too_o late_a as_o in_o ragland_n castle_n in_o monmothshire_n and_o other_o which_o it_o concern_v i_o not_o to_o speak_v of_o alan_n upon_o the_o relation_n of_o cadwallader_n his_o vision_n or_o dream_n counsel_v he_o to_o fullfil_v the_o will_n of_o god_n who_o do_v so_o and_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o rome_n live_v there_o eight_o year_n in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 688._o so_o that_o the_o britain_n rule_v this_o isle_n with_o the_o out-isle_n of_o wight_n mon_n in_o english_a call_v anglesey_n manaw_n in_o english_a man_n orkney_n and_o ewyst_n 1137._o year_n before_o christ_n until_o the_o year_n of_o his_o incarnation_n 688._o and_o thus_o end_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o britain_n over_o the_o whole_a isle_n this_o glorious_a king_n bear_v for_o his_o arm_n azure_a a_o cross_a firmie_n fitch_v or._n he_o slay_v lothayre_n king_n of_o kent_n and_o aethelwald_n king_n of_o the_o south_n saxon_n ivor_n the_o son_n of_o alan_n after_o cadwallader_n have_v take_v his_o journey_n towards_o rome_n 33._o gerard_n leigh_n in_o his_o accidence_n of_o armoury_n fol._n 33._o leave_v his_o son_n name_v edwal_n the_o roose_n and_o his_o people_n with_o his_o cousin_n alan_n which_o alan_n take_v courage_n to_o he_o and_o not_o despair_v of_o the_o conquest_n of_o britain_n man_v his_o ship_n as_o well_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o own_o people_n as_o with_o those_o which_o cadwallader_n have_v bring_v with_o he_o and_o appoint_v ivor_n his_o son_n and_o inyr_n his_o nephew_n to_o be_v leader_n and_o chieftain_n of_o the_o same_o who_o sail_v over_o the_o narrow_a sea_n land_v in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o britain_n of_o who_o arrival_n when_o the_o saxon_n be_v certify_v they_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n and_o give_v ivor_n battle_n where_o they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o lose_v a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o people_n and_o ivor_n win_v the_o country_n of_o cornwall_n devonshire_n and_o somersetshire_n and_o people_v they_o with_o britain_n whereupon_o kentwinus_fw-la king_n of_o west-sex_n gather_v a_o great_a number_n of_o saxon_n and_o angles_n together_o and_o come_v against_o the_o britain_n which_o be_v ready_a to_o abide_v the_o battle_n and_o as_o the_o army_n be_v both_o in_o sight_n they_o be_v not_o very_o desirous_a to_o fight_v but_o fall_v to_o a_o composition_n and_o agreement_n that_o ivor_n shall_v take_v ethelburga_n to_o wife_n who_o be_v cofin_n to_o kentwin_n and_o quiet_o enjoy_v all_o that_o he_o have_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o ivor_n this_o ivor_n be_v he_o who_o our_o english_a chronicle_n call_v have_v or_o jew_z king_n of_o west_n saxon_n lhoyd_n h._n lhoyd_n that_o reign_v after_o cedwel_n and_o they_o say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o saxon_a for_o kentwin_n reign_v full_a five_o year_n after_o ivors_n come_v into_o england_n and_o after_o he_o his_o nephew_n cedwel_n who_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v over_o the_o west_n saxon_n two_o year_n go_v to_o rome_n and_o leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o have_v his_o cousin_n this_o have_v or_o ivor_n who_o the_o britain_n call_n the_o son_n of_o alan_n and_o the_o saxon_n the_o son_n of_o kenred_n be_v king_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o britain_n which_v inhabit_v the_o west_n part_n of_o britain_n after_o many_o victory_n achieve_v against_o the_o king_n of_o kent_n southsex_n and_o mercia_n leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o adelred_n or_o as_o some_o call_v he_o adelerdus_fw-la his_o cousin_n and_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o rome_n where_o he_o make_v a_o godly_a end_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n seven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o roderike_n or_o rodri_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n yworch_n roderike_n over_o the_o britain_n begin_n his_o reign_n anno._n 720._o against_o who_o adelred_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o destroy_v the_o country_n of_o devonshire_n battle_n the_o britain_n victorious_a against_o the_o saxon_n in_o three_o battle_n enter_v cornwall_n where_o roderike_n with_o the_o britain_n give_v he_o battle_n in_o with_o the_o britain_n have_v the_o victory_n over_o the_o saxon_n the_o year_n after_o the_o britain_n obtain_v then_o other_o victory_n over_o the_o saxon_n one_o in_o north-wales_n at_o a_o place_n call_v garth_n maelawc_n and_o a_o other_o in_o southwales_n at_o pencoed_n at_o this_o time_n belin_n the_o son_n of_o elphin_n a_o noble_a man_n among_o the_o britain_n die_v ethelbaldus_fw-la king_n of_o mercia_n desirous_a to_o annex_v the_o fertile_a soil_n of_o the_o country_n lie_v between_o severn_n and_o wye_n to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n gather_v a_o army_n and_o enter_v into_o wales_n abergevenny_n a_o battle_n near_o abergevenny_n and_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o he_o come_v to_o the_o mountain_n carno_n not_o far_o from_o abergevenny_n where_o a_o sore_a battle_n be_v fight_v between_o he_o and_o the_o britain_n anno_fw-la seven_o hundred_o twenty_o eight_o this_o mercian_n king_n call_v to_o his_o aid_n adelard_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n and_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o britain_n where_o after_o a_o long_a and_o terrible_a conflict_n he_o obtain_v a_o bloody_a victory_n
snowden_n hill_n and_o seize_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o country_n of_o rhyvonioc_n in_o denbighshire_n about_o this_o time_n there_o be_v a_o great_a battle_n fight_v in_o anglesey_n call_v the_o battle_n of_o lhanvaes_n in_o this_o year_n be_v the_o 819._o ab_fw-la incarnatione_fw-la 819._o 819._o kenulph_n king_n of_o mercia_n destroy_v west_n wales_n and_o the_o summer_n follow_v he_o overcome_v powis_n land_n and_o do_v much_o hurt_n and_o after_o die_v and_o kenelm_n reign_v in_o his_o place_n about_o the_o same_o year_n also_o howel_n king_n of_o man_n die_v much_o about_o this_o time_n 828._o 828._o a_o great_a battle_n be_v fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v gavelford_n betwixt_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o west_n saxon_n of_o devonshire_n and_o many_o thousand_o cruel_o slay_v upon_o either_o side_n the_o victory_n be_v uncertain_a in_o or_o about_o the_o year_n 836._o the_o dane_n land_v in_o west_n wales_n and_o so_o pass_v through_o wales_n into_o england_n with_o many_o of_o the_o britain_n which_v join_v with_o they_o against_o egbert_n but_o they_o be_v all_o overthrow_v by_o egbert_n at_o hengistdown_n who_o die_v the_o year_n follow_v in_o the_o year_n 841._o die_v edwalhan_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o wales_n and_o two_o year_n after_o be_v the_o battle_n of_o kettel_n betwixt_o burchard_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o the_o britain_n where_o in_o as_o some_o do_v write_v 841._o 841._o mervin_n vrich_v king_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v slay_v leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v rodri_n maur_n that_o be_v to_o say_v roderick_n the_o great_a from_o rodri_n by_o his_o son_n anarawd_n who_o bear_v for_o his_o arm_n or_o three_o lion_n passant_a gules_a mervin_n who_o coat_n be_v or_o a_o lion_n rampant_a gules_a and_o cadel_n who_o take_v for_o his_o arm_n gules_a a_o lion_n ramp_n within_o a_o border_n engrail_v or_n the_o worshipful_a and_o flourish_a family_n of_o the_o morgan_n in_o monmothshire_n who_o to_o this_o day_n quarter_v the_o two_o last_o coat_n by_o match_n and_o coheir_n be_v right_o descend_v of_o which_o line_n william_n morgan_n of_o lantarnam_n esq_n who_o marry_v lady_n frances_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o worcester_n derive_v his_o pedigree_n leave_v issue_n sir_n edward_n morgan_n first_o baronet_n of_o that_o lineage_n father_n to_o sr._n edward_n morgan_n baronet_n now_o live_v henry_n morgan_n and_o winefred_n wife_n to_o percy_n enderbid_v compiler_n of_o this_o book_n roderike_n the_o great_a roderike_n the_o great_a begin_v his_o reign_n over_o wales_n the_o year_n after_o christ_n his_o incarnation_n 843._o this_o prince_n divide_v all_o wales_n into_o the_o three_o territory_n of_o aberstraw_n dinivour_n gent._n the_o description_n of_o wales_n by_o sr._n john_n price_n kt_n and_o hump._n lhoyd_n gent._n and_o mathraval_n but_o before_o we_o proceed_v any_o further_a be_v please_v to_o read_v over_o the_o description_n of_o cambria_n now_o call_v wales_n draw_v first_o by_o sir_n john_n price_n knight_n and_o afterward_o augment_v and_o make_v perfect_a by_o humphrey_n lhoyd_n gent._n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o welsh_a history_n to_o know_v the_o perfect_a description_n of_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o end_n the_o act_n achieve_v and_o do_v may_v the_o better_o be_v know_v i_o think_v good_a somewhat_o to_o travail_v therein_o and_o so_o to_o lay_v down_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v in_o those_o day_n and_o as_o it_o be_v now_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v by_o conference_n of_o both_o time_n the_o better_a understand_v both_o what_o have_v pass_v from_o the_o time_n of_o cadwallader_n and_o what_o hereafter_o be_v to_o ensue_v therefore_o after_o the_o three_o son_n of_o brutus_n have_v divide_v the_o whole_a isle_n of_o britain_n into_o three_o part_n that_o part_v contain_v within_o the_o french_a sea_n with_o the_o river_n of_o severn_n call_v in_o british_a hafern_n dee_n and_o humber_n fall_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n locrine_n which_o be_v after_o his_o name_n call_v lhoyger_n which_o name_n it_o have_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n to_o this_o day_n but_o in_o english_a call_v england_n and_o be_v augment_v northward_o to_o the_o river_n tweed_n the_o second_o son_n or_o as_o some_o say_v the_o three_o albanactus_n have_v all_o the_o land_n northward_o from_o humber_n to_o the_o sea_n orkney_n call_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n norweryth_v and_o in_o latin_a mare_n calidonium_n the_o three_o son_n camber_n or_o rather_o the_o second_o have_v for_o his_o part_n that_o remain_v undivided_a lie_v within_o the_o spanish_a and_o irish_a sea_n and_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n severn_n &_o dee_n part_n be_v after_o his_o name_n call_v cambria_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o cambri_n and_o their_o language_n camberaec_fw-la and_o so_o be_v at_o this_o day_n so_o that_o they_o have_v keep_v the_o same_o country_n and_o language_n this_o 2690._o year_n and_o above_o say_v this_o author_n when_o that_o chronicle_n be_v print_v which_o bear_v no_o date_n without_o commixtion_n with_o any_o other_o nation_n especial_o in_o north_n wales_n and_o because_o the_o name_n of_o the_o country_n be_v change_v or_o rather_o mistake_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o england_n and_o not_o by_o they_o call_v cambry_a but_o wales_n i_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o declare_v the_o occasion_n thereof_o which_o be_v that_o whereas_o the_o saxon_n a_o people_n of_o germany_n be_v the_o first_o that_o after_o the_o britain_n inhabit_a and_o rule_v the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o island_n and_o drive_v the_o britain_n into_o that_o corner_n a_o which_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o country_n they_o call_v wales_n call_v wales_n why_o so_o call_v and_o the_o countryman_n welshman_n and_o the_o tongue_n welsh_a that_o be_v to_o say_v strange_a or_o not_o of_o they_o understand_v for_o at_o this_o day_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o low-countries_n call_v all_o their_o next_o neighbour_n language_n henegaw_n or_o other_o that_o speak_v french_a welsh_a as_o a_o language_n to_o they_o unknown_a likewise_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o tyroll_n and_o other_o the_o high_a country_n of_o germany_n do_v name_n the_o italian_a their_o next_o neighbour_n a_o walshman_n and_o his_o language_n walsh_n and_o this_o be_v a_o evident_a proof_n that_o they_o which_o harp_v upon_o a_o queen_n gwallaes_n wala_n not_o from_o queen_n gwalaes_n nor_o from_o prince_n wala_n and_o of_o a_o prince_n walla_fw-la of_o who_o neither_o british_a latin_a or_o english_a history_n make_v mention_v be_v foul_o deceive_v and_o so_o likewise_o be_v a_o great_a historiographer_n of_o late_a day_n who_o say_v that_o it_o be_v call_v walia_n quasi_fw-la italia_n because_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o remain_v in_o the_o isle_n be_v drive_v thither_o neither_o be_v this_o any_o new_a invention_n although_o polidore_n virgil_n with_o a_o italian_a brag_n do_v glory_v his_o self_n to_o be_v the_o first_o that_o find_v it_o out_o brag_n polidore_n virgil_n his_o brag_n for_o divers_a ancient_a writer_n do_v allege_v the_o same_o cause_n of_o the_o name_n of_o wales_n of_o who_o sylvester_n giraldus_n be_v one_o who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o after_o the_o conquest_n before_o 380_o pass_v which_o be_v a_o evident_a token_n that_o the_o say_v polidore_n virgil_n do_v either_o never_o see_v it_o or_o at_o least_o not_o read_v the_o ancient_a history_n of_o this_o kingdom_n or_o else_o dissemble_v the_o same_o to_o the_o advancement_n and_o praise_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o country_n which_o to_o the_o learned_a and_o indifferent_a reader_n shall_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o only_a occasion_n he_o take_v that_o work_n in_o hand_n history_n polidore_v juggle_v in_o his_o history_n for_o all_o his_o book_n redound_v only_o to_o the_o praise_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a and_o to_o blaze_v forth_o their_o act_n and_o deed_n within_o this_o realm_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o part_n he_o do_v either_o open_o slander_n or_o else_o private_o extenuate_v or_o shameful_o deny_v the_o martial_a prowess_n and_o noble_a act_n as_o well_o of_o saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n as_o of_o the_o britain_n all_o inhabiter_n of_o this_o isle_n which_o thing_n he_o that_o list_v to_o prove_v let_v he_o read_v and_o confer_v caesar_n commentary_n cornelius_n tacitus_n herodianus_n and_o other_o ancient_a writer_n as_o well_o in_o latin_a as_o in_o greek_a with_o his_o work_n as_o for_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o british_a history_n as_o the_o british_a chronicle_n the_o history_n of_o gildas_n ponticus_n virunnius_n yea_o the_o golden_a work_n of_o matthew_n paris_n monk_n of_o saint_n alban_n who_o write_v from_o william_n the_o conqueror_n to_o the_o last_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o i_o dare_v say_v he_o
never_o see_v they_o they_o be_v in_o divers_a place_n to_o be_v have_v so_o that_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v eastly_a prove_v to_o make_v a_o end_n i_o say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o stranger_n bear_v as_o also_o ignorant_a in_o our_o history_n and_o in_o the_o tongue_n and_o language_n wherein_o they_o be_v write_v history_n polidore_v ignorance_n the_o cause_n of_o many_o man_n error_n in_o history_n can_v never_o set_v forth_o a_o true_a and_o perfect_a chronicle_n of_o the_o same_o but_o he_o have_v a_o good_a grace_n and_o fluent_a phrase_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o find_v himself_o in_o a_o country_n where_o every_o man_n either_o lack_v knowledge_n or_o a_o spirit_n to_o set_v forth_o the_o history_n of_o their_o own_o country_n take_v this_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n to_o their_o great_a shame_n and_o no_o less_o dispraise_n because_o he_o a_o blind_a leader_n shall_v draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o undiscreet_a and_o rash_a follower_n as_o well_o geographer_n &_o cosmographer_n as_o chronicler_n &_o historiographer_n to_o the_o dark_a pit_n of_o ignorance_n where_o i_o leave_v they_o at_o this_o time_n remit_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o apology_n of_o sir_n john_n price_n kt._n and_o his_o british_a history_n write_v by_o he_o on_o purpose_n against_o the_o envious_a report_n &_o slanderous_a taunt_n of_o the_o say_v polidore_n where_o he_o shall_v see_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o error_n confute_v at_o large_a and_o to_o return_v to_o my_o former_a matter_n concern_v the_o name_n of_o wales_n which_o name_n to_o be_v give_v of_o late_a by_o a_o strange_a nation_n may_v be_v otherwise_o prove_v britain_n that_o which_o be_v now_o abusive_o call_v welsh_n be_v the_o ancient_a language_n of_o the_o first_o britain_n for_o the_o welshman_n themselves_o do_v not_o understand_v what_o these_o word_n wales_n and_o welsh_n do_v signify_v nor_o know_v any_o other_o name_n of_o their_o country_n or_o themselves_o but_o cambry_a nor_o of_o their_o language_n but_o cambrae_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v as_o camber_n language_n or_o speec_n so_o likewise_o they_o know_v not_o what_o england_n or_o english_a mean_v but_o common_o they_o call_v the_o country_n lhogier_n the_o englishman_n sayson_n and_o the_o english_a tongue_n saysonaec_fw-la which_o be_v a_o evident_a token_n that_o this_o be_v the_o same_o language_n which_o the_o britain_n speak_v at_o the_o beginning_n for_o the_o work_n of_o merdhin_n and_o of_o taliessin_n who_o write_v above_o 1000_o year_n since_o be_v almost_o the_o same_o word_n which_o they_o use_v at_o this_o day_n or_o at_o the_o least_o easy_a to_o be_v understand_v by_o every_o one_o which_o know_v perfect_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n especial_o in_o north-wales_n beside_o this_o whereas_o at_o this_o day_n there_o do_v remain_v three_o remnant_n of_o the_o britain_n divide_v every_o one_o from_o the_o other_o with_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v in_o wales_n cornwall_n call_v in_o british_a cerniw_n &_o little_a britain_n yet_o almost_o all_o the_o particular_a word_n of_o these_o three_o people_n be_v all_o one_o although_o in_o pronunciation_n &_o writing_n of_o the_o sentence_n they_o differ_v somewhat_o which_o be_v no_o marvel_n see_v that_o the_o pronunciation_n in_o one_o realm_n be_v often_o so_o different_a that_o the_o one_o can_v scant_o understand_v the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o wonder_n that_o the_o welshman_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o cornish_a well_o nigh_o these_o 900_o year_n and_o the_o britain_n from_o either_o of_o they_o time_n they_o in_o this_o author_n time_n 290_o before_o that_o and_o have_v small_a traffic_n or_o concourse_n together_o since_o that_o time_n have_v still_o keep_v their_o own_o british_a tongue_n they_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v credit_v which_o deny_v the_o welsh_a to_o be_v the_o old_a british_a tongue_n and_o here_o i_o can_v pass_v over_o what_o one_o of_o the_o five_o chronicler_n write_v of_o late_a of_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n affirm_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o call_v of_o britain_n in_o france_n as_o the_o elder_a of_o that_o name_n but_o sure_o he_o have_v either_o never_o see_v ptolemy_n nor_o caesar_n nor_o any_o other_o ancient_a writer_n or_o read_v they_o with_o small_a judgement_n and_o memory_n for_o there_o he_o may_v have_v learn_v that_o when_o this_o land_n be_v call_v britain_n the_o other_o be_v call_v armorica_n and_o how_o in_o maximus_n time_n conan_n meriadoc_n be_v the_o first_o that_o give_v it_o that_o name_n and_o inhabit_v it_o with_o britain_n out_o of_o this_o isle_n other_o derivation_n of_o these_o word_n out_o of_o greek_a and_o latin_a i_o be_o ashamed_a to_o relate_v of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v former_o i_o will_v therefore_o return_v to_o the_o description_n of_o wales_n which_o be_v almost_o in_o old_a time_n compass_v about_o with_o the_o irish_a sea_n and_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o severne_n although_o afterward_o the_o saxon_n win_v by_o force_n from_o the_o britain_n all_o the_o plain_a as_o be_v already_o say_v and_o champion_v country_n over_o the_o river_n and_o special_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n who_o make_v a_o ditch_n of_o great_a breadth_n and_o depth_n to_o be_v a_o mere_a betwixt_o his_o kingdom_n and_o wales_n which_o ditch_n begin_v at_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi by_o basingwerk_n between_o chester_n and_o ruthlan_n and_o run_v along_o the_o hill_n side_n to_o the_o south_n sea_n a_o little_a from_o britstol_n reach_v above_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o be_v in_o many_o place_n to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o clawdh_n offa_n viz._n offa_n ditch_n and_o the_o country_n between_o it_o and_o england_n be_v common_o call_v in_o welsh_a y_fw-fr mars_n although_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v now_o inhabit_v by_o welshman_n namely_o in_o north-wales_n which_o yet_o keep_v the_o ancient_a limit_n to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o in_o some_o place_n over_o it_o other_o as_o sylvester_n giraldus_n make_v the_o river_n why_o call_v in_o welsh_a guy_n to_o be_v a_o mear_v between_o england_n and_o wales_n on_o the_o south_n part_v call_v south-wales_n who_o measure_v the_o breadth_n of_o wales_n from_o sallow_a or_o willowford_n call_v rhydyrhelig_v upon_o wy_n to_o st._n david_n in_o menevia_n a_o 100_o mile_n and_o the_o length_n from_o caertheon_n upon_o vsk_n in_o gwentland_n to_o holy_a head_n call_v caergibi_fw-la in_o anglesey_n in_o welsh_a call_v môn_v above_o a_o 100_o mile_n and_o these_o be_v the_o common_a mere_n at_o this_o day_n although_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n be_v common_o use_v and_o speak_v england-ward_n beyond_o these_o old_a mere_n a_o great_a way_n as_o in_o herefordshire_n glocestershire_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o shropshire_n and_o thus_o for_o the_o general_a description_n of_o wales_n which_o afterward_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 870._o rodericus_fw-la magnus_fw-la king_n of_o wales_n divide_v it_o into_o three_o territory_n which_o he_o call_v kingdom_n which_o remain_v till_o of_o late_a day_n these_o three_o be_v gwyneth_n north-wales_n dehenbarth_n southwales_n and_o powis_n land_n in_o every_o of_o which_o he_o ordain_v a_o princely_a seat_n or_o court_n for_o a_o prince_n to_o remain_v at_o most_o common_o as_o in_o gwyneth_n which_o some_o old_a writer_n call_v venedocia_fw-la abersfraw_n abersfraw_n for_o gwinethia_n abersfraw_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n in_o deheuberth_n call_v in_o latin_a demetia_n '_o caermardhyn_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v afterward_o remove_v to_o dinevowr_v eight_o mile_n thence_o dinevowr_n dinevowr_n in_o powis_n penguerne_v call_v y_o mwythic_a and_o in_o english_a shrewsbury_n methraval_n methraval_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v remove_v to_o mtheraval_n in_o powis_n land_n and_o because_o this_o history_n do_v as_o well_o entreat_v of_o war_n betwixt_o these_o three_o province_n as_o betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o saxon_n norman_n and_o fleming_n i_o think_v good_a to_o set_v forth_o the_o particular_a description_n of_o every_o part_n by_o itself_o and_o first_o of_o north-wales_n as_o the_o chief_a part_n which_o he_o give_v his_o elder_a son_n north-wales_n north-wales_n order_v that_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o shall_v pay_v he_o yearly_a 200._o pound_n of_o tribute_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v in_o welsh_a and_o also_o in_o latin_a therefore_o gwyneth_n call_v north-wales_n have_v upon_o the_o northside_n the_o sea_n from_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi at_o basingwerck_n to_o aberdyni_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o southwest_n the_o river_n dini_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o southwales_n and_o in_o some_o place_n from_o powis_n land_n and_o on_o the_o south_n and_o east_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o powis_n land_n sometime_o by_o the_o mountain_n and_o sometime_o with_o river_n till_o it_o come_v
to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi again_o this_o land_n be_v of_o old_a time_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n of_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v môn_v in_o english_a anglesey_n môn_n môn_n where_o the_o prince_n chief_a house_n be_v at_o abersfraw_n which_o be_v a_o island_n separate_v from_o the_o mainland_n with_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v maenai_n and_o have_v in_o itself_o three_o cantred_n or_o hundred_o which_o be_v subdivide_v into_o six_o comot_n as_o cantreff_a abersfraw_n to_o comot_a lhion_n and_o comot_n malhtraeth_n cantreff_a cemais_n to_o the_o comot_n talebolion_n and_o tur_o celyn_n polidore_n an_o other_o absurd_a error_n in_o polidore_n cantref_n rossir_n to_o the_o comot_n tindaethwy_a and_o menai_n and_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o trim_a town_n in_o that_o island_n call_v buemarish_n and_o a_o common_a passage_n to_o ireland_n at_o caergibi_n call_v in_o english_a holy-head_n but_o here_o i_o can_v wink_v at_o that_o notable_a error_n of_o polidore_n which_o after_o his_o accustom_a fashion_n deem_v this_o isle_n to_o be_v call_v not_o môna_n but_o anglesia_fw-la or_o anglorum_fw-la insula_fw-la because_o it_o be_v call_v in_o english_a anglesey_n and_o give_v this_o name_n mona_n to_o man_n and_o so_o have_v lose_v the_o name_n of_o both_o isle_n which_o ignorance_n and_o forgetfulness_n may_v be_v forgive_v he_o if_o he_o have_v not_o draw_v a_o great_a number_n to_o this_o error_n with_o he_o which_o in_o their_o charter_n do_v daily_a wrong-name_n these_o isle_n which_o may_v be_v easy_o prove_v first_o because_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o isle_n do_v know_v no_o other_o name_n but_o môn_n and_o it_o be_v call_v through_o all_o wales_n tîr_v môn_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o land_n of_o môn_n unto_o this_o day_n so_o that_o neither_o by_o memory_n of_o man_n neither_o by_o any_o monument_n in_o write_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n can_v it_o appear_v that_o ever_o it_o have_v any_o other_o name_n but_o môn_n yet_o there_o be_v manifest_a monument_n for_o these_o 1000_o year_n it_o be_v also_o grow_v to_o a_o proverb_n through_o wales_n for_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o ground_n môn_a mam_n gymry_n that_o be_v to_o say_v môn_a mother_n of_o wales_n the_o ancient_a history_n of_o cornelius_n tacitus_n which_o it_o seem_v age_n have_v beat_v out_o of_o polidor_n head_n say_v that_o the_o soldier_n of_o paulinus_n suetonius_n and_o after_o of_o julius_n agricola_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v through_o north-wales_n then_o come_v over_o against_o mona_n where_o they_o do_v swim_v over_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n 200._o pace_n and_o so_o by_o force_n win_v the_o isle_n now_o whether_o be_v it_o more_o reasonable_a thus_o to_o swim_v over_o 200_o pace_n or_o 20_o mile_n i_o know_v there_o be_v many_o believe_v polidor_n in_o this_o point_n let_v all_o man_n therefore_o by_o this_o judge_n the_o rest_n as_o for_o that_o which_o he_o say_v of_o the_o great_a wood_n druid_n môn_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o superstitious_a druid_n it_o be_v nothing_o for_o both_o the_o roman_n and_o after_o when_o the_o christian_a faith_n take_v place_n in_o the_o realm_n the_o christian_n do_v fall_v and_o root_v they_o out_o of_o the_o abominable_a idolatry_n and_o superstition_n practise_v by_o the_o druid_n in_o they_o as_o be_v touch_v before_o that_o the_o king_n of_o man_n send_v for_o timber_n to_o mon_n earth_n great_a tree_n find_v in_o the_o earth_n read_v the_o life_n of_o hugh_n e._n of_o chester_n which_o also_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o great_a beech_n and_o other_o tree_n find_v in_o the_o earth_n in_o those_o day_n his_o other_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v call_v anglesey_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n so_o be_v lhoyger_n call_v england_n and_o cambry_a wales_n be_v those_o therefore_o the_o old_a name_n no_o sure_o and_o what_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v it_o so_o as_o they_o do_v not_o have_v it_o not_o a_o name_n before_o the_o angles_n win_v it_o yes_o i_o warrant_v you_o but_o he_o have_v forget_v that_o now_o the_o name_n of_o man_n be_v ever_o or_o at_o the_o least_o these_o 1000_o year_n name_v in_o british_a manaw_n of_o which_o come_v the_o english_a name_n man._n the_o inhabitant_n there_o call_v it_o so_o and_o no_o nation_n about_o it_o do_v ever_o call_v it_o môn_o nor_o any_o writer_n but_o polidor_n which_o be_v too_o young_a a_o godfather_n to_o name_n so_o old_a a_o child_n for_o gildas_n write_v above_o 900._o year_n since_o who_o writing_n polidor_n never_o see_v but_o untrue_o father_n upon_o his_o own_o device_n geraldus_fw-la in_o his_o description_n of_o ireland_n to_o henry_n two_o and_o henry_n huntingdon_n do_v plain_o call_v man_n in_o latin_a eubonia_fw-la add_v thereto_o either_o manaw_v or_o man_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o name_n will_v you_o believe_v they_o or_o polydore_n other_o argument_n there_o be_v which_o i_o pass_v over_o till_o i_o have_v more_o leisure_n and_o occasion_n to_o write_v of_o this_o matter_n arvon_n arvon_n the_o seccond_a part_n of_o north-wales_n be_v call_v arvon_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v over_o against_o mon_n and_o have_v in_o it_o four_o â—cantrefs_n and_o ten_o comot_n cantref_o abeer_n have_v in_o it_o three_o comot_n y_fw-fr lhechwedh_fw-mi vchaf_n y_fw-fr lechwedhisat_fw-la and_o nanconwy_n cantref_o arvon_n have_v two_o comot_n ywch_v owyrnai_n and_o isgwyrnai_n cantref_o dunodic_n have_v two_o comot_n ardudwy_n and_o enionyth_n cantref_o lhyyn_n contain_v three_o comot_n cymitmain_n tinlhain_n and_o canclogion_n this_o be_v now_o call_v carnarvonshire_n the_o chief_a town_n whereof_o be_v carnarvan_n heretofore_o it_o be_v strong_o wall_v and_o have_v a_o very_a fair_a castle_n edward_n the_o ii_o king_n of_o england_n be_v here_o bear_v and_o hence_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o time_n entitle_v edward_n of_o carnarvan_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n have_v in_o this_o place_n their_o chancery_n and_o exchequer_n for_o all_o north-wales_n which_o be_v no_o small_a improvement_n to_o it_o earl_n it_o have_v never_o any_o till_o this_o present_a age_n in_o which_o the_o late_a k._n charles_n confer_v that_o title_n 1628._o on_o robert_z lord_z dormer_n of_o wing_n create_v earl_n of_o carnarvan_n 4o._o carol._n aug._n 2._o and_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o the_o say_v king_n service_n lord_n dormer_n his_o son_n earl_n of_o carnarvan_n now_o live_v azure_a 10_o billet_n 4_o 3_o 2_o and_o 1._o or_o in_o a_o chief_a of_o the_o second_o a_o lion_n issuant_n sable_a incense_a gules_a and_o as_o carnarvan_n have_v give_v title_n to_o a_o earl_n so_o have_v anglesey_n also_o though_o not_o by_o her_o ancient_a name_n môn_o for_o anno_fw-la 1624._o christopher_n villiers_n brother_n to_o the_o d._n of_o buckingham_n be_v create_v e._n of_o anglesey_n september_n 24._o charles_n villiers_n second_o earl_n argent_fw-fr on_o a_o cross_a gules_a five_o escolop_n or_o a_o mullet_n for_o difference_n this_o môn_n be_v also_o call_v anglesey_n shire_n and_o have_v both_o it_o and_o carnarvonshire_n the_o same_o division_n at_o this_o day_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v snowden_n hill_n call_v eryri_n neither_o in_o height_n fertility_n of_o ground_n wood_n cattle_n fish_n and_o foul_a give_v place_n to_o the_o famous_a alps_n and_o without_o controversy_n the_o strong_a country_n in_o britain_n here_o be_v the_o town_n of_o carnarvan_n call_v in_o old_a time_n caersegonce_n and_o there_o be_v also_o conwey_n call_v caer_n giffin_n and_o see_v of_o bangor_n with_o divers_a other_o ancient_a castle_n and_o place_n of_o memory_n and_o be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o wales_n that_o come_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n it_o have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o sea_n and_o maenai_n upon_o the_o east_n and_o south_n east_n the_o river_n conwey_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o denbighshire_n who_o principal_a town_n be_v denbigh_n which_o have_v have_v lord_n good_a store_n and_o of_o several_a family_n but_o none_o of_o they_o parliamentary_a peer_n in_o reverence_n to_o it_o till_o these_o latter_a time_n of_o late_o it_o have_v give_v title_n both_o of_o lord_n and_o earl_n to_o two_o several_a family_n viz._n to_o these_o 1_o robert_z lord_n dudley_n create_v baron_n of_o denbigh_n and_o earl_n of_o leicester_n eliz._n 6._o sep._n 29_o or_o a_o lion_n rampant_a his_o tail_n double_a fork_a vert_fw-fr 2_o william_n viscount_n fielding_n create_v earl_n of_o dinbigh_n 20._o jac._n sept._n 14._o master_n of_o the_o ward_n robe_n etc._n etc._n argent_fw-fr on_o fess_v azure_a 3._o fusil_n or._n this_o shire_n be_v part_v on_o the_o south_n west_n and_o west_n from_o mirion_v with_o high_a mountain_n and_o river_n and_o other_o mere_n merionith_n merionith_n the_o three_o part_n of_o gwine_v be_v merion_v contain_v three_o cantref_n and_o every_o cantref_o three_o comot_n
morganwc_n now_o glamorganshire_n contain_v 4_o cantref_n with_o 15_o comot_n as_o cantref_o crove_v with_o these_o comot_n rwngu_v ac_fw-la wan_n tir_v your_o hwndrwd_n and_o maenor_n clynogwr_n cantref_o pennythen_n with_o these_o meyskin_n glynrhodny_n maenor_n talavan_n and_o maenor_n ruthyn_n cantref_o brenbinol_n with_o these_o gibowr_n senghennyth_n vwcheaeth_n and_o iscaeth_n cantref_n gwenthwy_o which_o be_v now_o in_o monmothshire_n with_o these_o comot_n yrhardh_n ganol_n and_o eithafdylygion_n in_o this_o part_n be_v these_o town_n and_o castle_n lhandaf_a the_o bishop_n see_v caerdiffe_n call_v caerdhy_v cowbridge_n call_v in_o welsh_a y_fw-fr bont_fw-fr vaen_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v stonebridge_n lantwid_v caerftyli_n and_o other_o and_o have_v divers_a river_n which_o run_v to_o the_o south_n sea_n as_o lay_v taf_n tawy_n neth_n avan_n ogwr_n and_o lhychwr_n it_o have_v on_o the_o south_n the_o sea_n of_o severne_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o northwest_o caermardhynshire_n upon_o the_o north-east_n brechnocshire_n and_o upon_o the_o east_n monmothshire_n of_o this_o you_o shall_v read_v very_o little_a for_o one_o jestyn_n be_v chief_a of_o the_o country_n and_o have_v war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n call_v on_o robert_n fitz_n hamon_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o stranger_n to_o his_o aid_n who_o after_o they_o have_v achieve_v his_o desire_n like_v so_o well_o the_o country_n that_o they_o find_v occasion_n to_o fall_v out_o with_o jestyn_n and_o inhabit_v the_o country_n themselves_o and_o their_o heir_n at_o least_o some_o of_o they_o to_o this_o day_n the_o five_o pat_o be_v call_v gwent_n and_o now_o be_v in_o monmothshire_n which_o have_v three_o cant_z and_o ten_o comot_n as_o cant_v gwent_n which_o have_v these_o comot_n ymynyth_n iscoed_n lhefnydh_n and_o tref_n y_fw-fr grug_n cant._n iscoed_n these_o brinbuga_n vwchcoed_n y_fw-fr teirtref_n and_o ergnig_n ac_fw-la ewyas_fw-la now_o in_o hereford-shire_n cant._n cough_n be_v the_o 7_o cant_fw-la of_o morgamoc_n which_o be_v now_o in_o gloucestershire_n and_o be_v call_v the_o forest_n of_o dean_n in_o this_o part_n be_v the_o ancient_a city_n of_o caerlheon_n upon_o vsk_n where_o be_v the_o archbishop_n see_v of_o wales_n here_o be_v also_o divers_a town_n and_o castle_n as_o chepstow_n glyn_n strigol_n ros_n tinterne_n upon_o the_o river_n why_o there_o be_v also_o newport_n call_v ycastelh_n newyth_o visc_n call_v brynbuga_n grosmond_n raglan_n white_a castle_n abergaveny_n and_o many_o other_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v god_n willing_a in_o my_o description_n of_o monmothshire_n this_o be_v a_o fair_a and_o fertile_a country_n of_o which_o likewise_o the_o gentleman_n be_v never_o obedient_a to_o their_o prince_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o own_o destruction_n it_o have_v on_o the_o west_n glamorgan_n and_o brechnockshire_n on_o the_o north_n hereford-shire_n gloucestershire_n and_o the_o river_n wy_n and_o upon_o the_o south_n and_o southeast_n severne_v last_o of_o all_o come_v brecheinoc_n now_o brechnoch_n shire_n which_o have_v three_o cant_z and_o 8._o comot_n as_o cant_v selef_fw-fr which_o have_v these_o comot_n selef_n and_o trahayern_n cantref_o canol_n these_o talgarth_n ystradyw_n and_o brwynlhys_n or_o eglwys_n yail._n cant._n mawr_z have_v these_o tir_v raulfe_n lhywel_n and_o cerrig_n howel_n in_o this_o part_n be_v the_o town_n of_o brechnock_n upon_o the_o meeting_n of_o vsk_n and_o hodui_n and_o be_v call_v aberhodni_n and_o hay_n call_v y_o celhy_a which_o talgarth_n buelt_fw-mi lhangor_n it_o have_v west_n carmardhin-shire_n with_o the_o river_n of_o tawy_n upon_o the_o north_n radnor-shire_n with_o why_o upon_o the_o east_n hereford-shire_n and_o monmoth_n upon_o the_o south_n glamorgan_n this_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v full_a of_o mountain_n wood_n and_o river_n especial_o buelt_fw-mi and_o the_o lord_n of_o that_o country_n call_v bruise_n with_o the_o mortimer_n most_o of_o all_o other_o lord_n march_n sometime_o by_o might_n stare_v omne_fw-la regnum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la divisum_fw-la non_fw-la poste_v stare_v but_o often_o by_o treason_n have_v molest_v and_o grieve_v the_o prince_n of_o wales_n as_o you_o shall_v understand_v by_o the_o history_n follow_v this_o land_n come_v after_o the_o bruise_n to_o the_o bohune_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o so_o to_o the_o strafford_n d._n of_o buckingham_n odi_fw-la proditionem_fw-la amo_fw-la proditorem_fw-la odi_fw-la these_o six_o shire_n be_v subject_n to_o the_o territory_n of_o dynevour_v with_o radnorshire_n which_o be_v belong_v to_o mathraval_n be_v now_o common_o call_v southwales_n which_o country_n be_v both_o great_a and_o large_a with_o many_o fair_a plain_n and_o valley_n for_o corn_n high_a mountain_n and_o rock_n full_a of_o pasture_n for_o cattle_n great_a and_o thick_a wood_n with_o forest_n and_o park_n for_o red_a and_o fallow_a dear_a clear_a and_o deep_a river_n full_a of_o fish_n of_o which_o severne_n be_v the_o chief_a which_o with_o why_o and_o reidol_n spring_v out_o of_o a_o high_a mountain_n call_v pymlhyman_n in_o the_o edge_n of_o cardiganshire_n and_o be_v common_o call_v the_o three_o sister_n severne_n run_v full_a east_n through_o cydwin_n and_o under_o the_o castle_n of_o shraden_n to_o shrewsberie_n from_o whence_o it_o turn_v southward_o and_o turn_v to_o bridgenorth_n beaudley_n worcester_n gloucester_n and_o so_o to_o the_o sea_n the_o second_o sister_n be_v gwy_a in_o english_a wy_n which_o take_v her_o journey_n southeast_n by_o rayader_n gwy_a to_o buelt_fw-mi where_o irwon_a meet_v she_o thence_o to_o glacebury_n and_o so_o to_o hereford_n and_o monmoth_n and_o to_o the_o sea_n of_o severne_n at_o chepstow_n for_o so_o they_o call_v môr_n hafren_n the_o sea_n which_o sever_v wales_n from_o somersetshire_n devon-shire_n and_o conwall_n the_o three_o sister_n name_v reidol_n run_v northward_o to_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o far_o of_o at_o aberystwyth_n there_o be_v other_o fair_a river_n as_o vsk_v which_o rise_v in_o a_o high_a mountain_n call_v y_o mynydh_n duy_v in_o the_o south-west_n part_n of_o brechnochshire_n it_o run_v to_o brechnoch_n and_o so_o to_o monmothshire_n to_o the_o town_n of_o vsk_n caerleon_n &_o newport_n and_o so_o to_o the_o say_a south_n sea_n tywy_o also_o rise_v not_o far_o from_o why_o run_v south_n to_o lhanymdhyfri_n and_o then_o south_n west_n by_o lhandeilo_n and_o dinevour_v to_o abingwy_o and_o gaermardhen_o so_o by_o lhansteshen_n to_o the_o sea_n brit._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d greek_n fiber_n latin_a beaver_n english_a avane_n brit._n teini_n likewise_o which_o rise_v in_o the_o edge_n of_o caermardhenshire_n and_o run_v north_n west_n by_o embly_n cilgerren_n caerdegion_n and_o so_o to_o the_o north_n sea_n in_o teini_n above_o all_o the_o river_n in_o wales_n be_v in_o giraldus_n time_n a_o great_a number_n of_o castor_n which_o may_v be_v english_v beaver_n and_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a avane_n which_o name_n only_o remain_v in_o wales_n at_o this_o day_n but_o what_o it_o be_v very_o few_o can_v tell_v it_o be_v a_o beast_n not_o much_o unlike_o the_o otter_n but_o that_o it_o be_v big_a all_o hairy_a save_v the_o tail_n which_o be_v like_o a_o fish_n tail_n as_o broad_a as_o a_o man_n head_n this_o beast_n use_v as_o well_o the_o water_n as_o the_o land_n and_o have_v very_o sharp_a tooth_n and_o bit_v cruel_o till_o he_o perceive_v the_o bone_n crack_v his_o stone_n be_v of_o great_a efficacy_n in_o physic_n he_o that_o will_v learn_v what_o strong_a nest_n they_o make_v be_v and_o believe_v he_o if_o you_o please_v this_o species_n here_o speak_v of_o be_v now_o i_o think_v quite_o lose_v if_o it_o ever_o be_v which_o giraldus_n call_v castle_n which_o they_o build_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n with_o great_a bough_n which_o they_o cut_v with_o their_o tooth_n and_o how_o some_o lie_n upon_o their_o back_n hold_v the_o wood_n with_o his_o fore_a foot_n which_o the_o other_o draw_v with_o a_o cross_a stick_n the_o which_o he_o hold_v in_o his_o mouth_n to_o the_o water_n side_n with_o all_o other_o particularity_n of_o their_o nature_n let_v he_o read_v giraldus_n in_o his_o topographia_fw-la of_o wales_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o a_o great_a number_n of_o river_n of_o which_o some_o run_v to_o the_o south_n and_o some_o to_o the_o west_n and_o north_n sea_n as_o tywy_a in_o glamorganshire_n taf_n also_o in_o caermardhenshire_n which_o run_v to_o cledhen_o two_o river_n either_o call_v cledhen_o which_o do_v give_v milford_n the_o name_n of_o abergaugledhw_o in_o pembrockshire_n arthur_n aeron_n and_o ystwyth_n in_o caerdigan_n there_o be_v also_o divers_a lordship_n which_o be_v add_v to_o other_o shire_n and_o be_v take_v heretofore_o for_o part_n of_o wales_n and_o in_o most_o part_n of_o they_o at_o this_o day_n the_o welsh_a language_n be_v speak_v as_o oswestre_n knock_v whittington_n esmer_n
masbrook_n chitbury_n caurs_n clonn_n which_o be_v now_o in_o shropshire_n ewyas_n lacie_n ewyas_n harold_n clifford_n winsorton_n yardley_n huntingdon_n whitney_n loghardneis_n in_o herefordshire_n also_o this_o country_n of_o southwales_n as_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o britain_n be_v first_o inhabit_v by_o the_o britain_n which_o remain_v there_o to_o this_o day_n save_v that_o in_o divers_a place_n special_o along_o the_o sea_n shore_n they_o have_v be_v mingle_v with_o saxon_n norman_n which_o the_o welsh_a history_n call_v frenchmen_n and_o flemings_n for_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n since_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o norman_n can_v never_o keep_v quiet_a possession_n thereof_o but_o what_o for_o stranger_n and_o what_o for_o disloyalty_n of_o their_o own_o people_n vexation_n and_o war_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n compel_v to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o caermardhenshire_n this_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o description_n of_o the_o country_n after_o this_o great_a king_n have_v as_o it_o be_v say_v before_o dispose_v of_o his_o affair_n have_v have_v war_n with_o burchved_a king_n of_o mercia_n which_o by_o the_o aid_n of_o ethelwaph_n enter_v north-wales_n with_o a_o great_a power_n and_o destroy_v anglesey_n &_o fight_v with_o the_o welshman_n divers_a time_n and_o slay_v meric_n a_o great_a prince_n among_o they_o 871._o 846._o math._n west_n kongen_fw-mi p._n of_o pendi_v at_o rome_n 871._o the_o year_n 846._o be_v ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n or_o wetland_n slay_v in_o fight_n by_o the_o man_n of_o brechnoch_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 854_o kongen_n king_n of_o powis_n die_v at_o rome_n be_v slay_v or_o choke_v as_o some_o say_v by_o his_o own_o man_n much_o about_o this_o time_n die_v gwyan_n king_n of_o cardigan_n this_o be_v that_o noble_a gwyan_n ap_fw-mi meuric_n ap_fw-mi dunwal_n ap_fw-mi arthen_n ap_fw-mi sitsylt_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o cardigan_n who_o as_o some_o british_a book_n have_v be_v at_o this_o time_n drown_v by_o misfortune_n the_o dane_n have_v enter_v the_o land_n &_o be_v with_o shame_n and_o ignominy_n beat_v and_o repulse_v and_o compel_v to_o abjure_v the_o isle_n they_o bend_v whether_o equivocal_o or_o perfidious_o their_o force_n against_o wales_n and_o enter_v the_o isle_n of_o môn_n with_o a_o great_a army_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n eight_o hundred_o seventy_o three_o where_o roderick_n give_v they_o two_o battle_n one_o at_o a_o place_n call_v menegd_v in_o anglesey_n 879._o dau._n powel_n fol._n 34._o 879._o i_o find_v also_o say_v my_o author_n that_o about_o this_o time_n halden_n and_o hungare_n two_o captain_n of_o the_o dane_n arrive_v in_o southwales_n and_o overrun_v the_o whole_a country_n destroy_v all_o before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n neither_o spare_v church_n nor_o religious_a house_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o they_o receive_v their_o deserve_a reward_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n who_o await_v for_o they_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o devonshire_n slay_v both_o halden_n and_o hungare_n with_o 1200_o of_o their_o people_n at_o this_o time_n endon_n bishop_n of_o menevia_n or_o st._n david_n die_v and_o hubert_n be_v install_v in_o his_o place_n and_o within_o two_o year_n after_o dungarth_n king_n of_o cornwall_n be_v drown_v by_o a_o mischance_n in_o the_o year_n 876_o the_o englishman_n enter_v into_o anglesey_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o welshman_n a_o sore_a battle_n who_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v slay_v roderike_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o gwyriad_n his_o brother_n or_o as_o some_o say_v his_o son_n this_o roderike_n have_v by_o his_o wife_n enharad_n the_o daughter_n of_o meyric_n the_o son_n of_o difnwal_n or_o dunwal_n the_o son_n of_o arthen_a ap_fw-mi sytsylt_n divers_a son_n as_o anarawd_n his_o elder_a son_n to_o who_o he_o give_v aberfraw_n with_o north-wales_n cadelh_n the_o second_o son_n who_o have_v dinevour_v with_o southwales_n and_o also_o take_v mathraval_n and_o powis_n land_n by_o force_n from_o his_o brethren_n after_o the_o death_n of_o mervin_n the_o three_o son_n to_o who_o the_o father_n have_v give_v the_o same_o arg_v a_o welsh_a manuscript_n which_o i_o have_v say_v rodri_n the_o great_a do_v bear_v g._n a_o cheveron_n between_o three_o rose_n arg_v quarterly_o gules_a and_o or_n four_o lion_n passant_a gardant_a counterchange_n the_o author_n who_o set_v down_o this_o coat_n as_o belong_v to_o this_o king_n or_o prince_n 209._o mr._n mill_n catalogue_n of_o honour_n fol._n 209._o compendious_o give_v we_o this_o relation_n roderike_n the_o great_a in_o welsh_z call_v rodero_n mawr_z prince_z of_o all_o wales_n a_o man_n of_o much_o strength_n and_o courage_n the_o son_n essilt_n beget_v by_o mervin_n king_n of_o the_o isle_n who_o grandfather_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n be_v conan_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n the_o son_n of_o idwall_n the_o son_n of_o cadwallader_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n this_o idwall_n convey_v the_o miserable_a britain_n that_o be_v oppress_v and_o afflict_v with_o the_o invasion_n and_o inroad_n of_o the_o saxon_n into_o cambria_n now_o call_v wales_n and_o worthy_o govern_v they_o under_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o prince_n of_o wales_n some_o be_v of_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o cambre_n be_v call_v welshman_n by_o this_o idwallo_n as_o in_o old_a time_n the_o britain_n take_v their_o name_n from_o brute_n but_o this_o be_v of_o no_o more_o truth_n then_o they_o be_v that_o will_v have_v they_o of_o one_o wallo_n their_o duke_n and_o governor_n or_o of_o wendola_n a_o queen_n of_o who_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v among_o they_o this_o roderike_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n scotland_n the_o author_n also_o put_v camber_n before_o albanact_n prefer_v wales_n before_o scotland_n be_v the_o first_o that_o cause_v the_o history_n of_o the_o britain_n to_o be_v write_v he_o renew_v good_a law_n he_o cause_v strong_a castle_n to_o be_v build_v and_o procure_v that_o church_n or_o temple_n shall_v be_v keep_v and_o maintain_v for_o divine_a service_n at_o his_o decease_n he_o leave_v the_o principality_n of_o all_o wales_n to_o be_v divide_v unto_o his_o three_o son_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o brute_n who_o make_v locrine_n camber_n and_o albanact_n king_n this_o matter_n of_o division_n be_v the_o very_a true_a and_o first_o original_a of_o the_o welsh_a man_n ruin_n as_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o kingdom_n which_o they_o call_v principality_n for_o allbeit_v whilst_o they_o live_v one_o man_n hold_v and_o maintain_v his_o own_o with_o much_o stoutness_n and_o magnanimity_n yet_o their_o posterity_n be_v distract_v and_o fall_v to_o war_n among_o themselves_o be_v enforce_v every_o each_o to_o defend_v his_o part_n as_o well_o from_o their_o general_a enemy_n the_o english_a as_o from_o their_o neighbour_n and_o countryman_n the_o welsh_a by_o which_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o wales_n be_v wrack_v and_o overthrow_v roderike_n end_v his_o life_n in_o the_o eighty_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o age_n ante_fw-la mr._n will_n ut_fw-la ante_fw-la and_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n eight_o hundreed_n seventy_o seven_o alured_n the_o son_n of_o the_o godly_a king_n ethelwolph_n be_v then_o king_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n he_o be_v bury_v at_o keyby_n castle_n in_o anglesey_n engharad_n princess_n of_o wales_n wife_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a be_v daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o meirich_v the_o son_n of_o dyfnwal_n the_o son_n of_o arthen_a ap_fw-mi sytsilt_fw-mi king_n of_o cardigan_n their_o issue_n mervin_n prince_n of_o venâ—dosia_n or_o north-wales_n of_o who_o more_o hereafter_o anarandus_fw-la be_v second_o son_n to_o who_o his_o father_n give_v the_o 105._o cantred_n or_o hundred_o of_o powis_n land_n and_o for_o that_o of_o all_o his_o brethren_n he_o be_v the_o most_o valiant_a and_o approve_a warrior_n he_o seat_v he_o in_o the_o march_n or_o border_n of_o wales_n his_o principal_a seat_n and_o manor_n be_v at_o mathraval_n the_o patrimony_n of_o this_o anarandus_fw-la namely_o the_o principality_n of_o powis_n in_o process_n of_o time_n devolve_v and_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o woman_n name_v hawis_n as_o her_o right_n and_o inheritance_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o one_o john_n chorlton_n a_o englishman_n enfeoff_v he_o with_o her_o right_a and_o make_v he_o lord_n of_o powis_n from_o this_o family_n it_o descend_v at_o last_o to_o the_o grey_n of_o the_o north_n and_o thereby_o utter_o lose_v that_o name_n and_o title_n of_o principality_n for_o andornus_n or_o owen_n the_o father_n of_o hawis_n or_o avis_n be_v call_v and_o send_v for_o to_o a_o parliament_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o hold_v at_o shrewsbury_n by_o the_o decree_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o baron_n take_v his_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la under_o the_o title_n and_o tenure_n of_o free_a baronage_n of_o england_n and_o
resign_v to_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o principality_n cadel_n the_o young_a son_n and_o prince_n of_o demetia_n or_o south-wales_n which_o the_o welshman_n call_v dehenbarsh_a that_o be_v the_o right_a side_n or_o south_n part_n this_o country_n although_o it_o be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o far_o great_a than_o north_n wales_n yet_o be_v it_o always_o esteem_v the_o worse_a part_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o the_o noble_n thereof_o refuse_v to_o obey_v their_o prince_n and_o the_o sea-coast_n be_v evermore_o infest_a and_o trouble_v with_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o english_a man_n norman_n and_o fleming_n by_o which_o the_o prince_n be_v enforce_v to_o leave_v his_o royal_a seat_n at_o marydune_n and_o place_v the_o same_o at_o dynefar_n in_o cantremaur_n and_o although_o these_o prince_n have_v great_a authority_n in_o wales_n yet_o after_o rhese_n the_o son_n of_o theodore_n the_o great_a be_v by_o treason_n of_o his_o own_o people_n slay_v in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n rufus_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1093_o they_o be_v no_o more_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o duke_n or_o prince_n but_o only_a lord_n until_o at_o last_o by_o civil_a war_n among_o themselves_o and_o the_o land_n divide_v among_o stranger_n and_o many_o other_o the_o english_a seek_v to_o possess_v all_o the_o principality_n be_v so_o weaken_v and_o bring_v so_o low_a that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o rhese_n the_o son_n of_o griffith_n a_o most_o worthy_a man_n they_o lose_v both_o name_n and_o authority_n of_o principality_n and_o lordship_n and_o all_o this_o while_n the_o line_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o venedosia_n or_o north-wales_n do_v prosperous_o continue_v and_o hold_v on_o their_o course_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v specify_v by_o that_o which_o follow_v the_o second_o book_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a anthony_n grey_z earl_n of_o kent_n lord_z grey_z of_o ruthen_n hastings_n and_o valence_n john_n manor_n earl_n of_o rutland_n lord_z ross_z of_o hamlake_n trusbut_n and_o belvoir_n philip_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o montgomery_n lord_z herbert_z of_o cardiff_n ross_n of_o kendal_n par_n marnnon_n and_o saint_n quintin_n edward_n sackvil_a earl_n of_o dorset_n lord_n buâ—khurst_n william_n earl_n of_o salisbury_n viscount_n crambourn_n lord_n cecil_n of_o essenden_n david_n earl_n of_o exeter_n lord_n burley_n the_o earl_n of_o kent_z griffith_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n owen_n cynelioc_fw-fr gwenwynwyn_n griffith_z of_o gwenwynwyn_n owen_n ap_fw-mi griffith_n lord_n powis_n john_n charleton_n lord_n of_o powis_n by_o the_o gift_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o to_o who_o he_o be_v valectus_n regis_n jure_fw-la uxoris_fw-la lord_n of_o powis_n hawis_n gardan_n i_o e._n the_o hardy_a son_n and_o heir_n to_o owen_n ap_fw-mi griffith_n lord_n of_o powis_n john_n charleton_n second_o lord_n of_o powis_n of_o that_o name_n john_n charleton_n three_o lord_n of_o powis_n of_o that_o name_n one_o of_o these_o john_n marry_v a_o daughter_n to_o roger_n lord_n mortimer_n by_o which_o mean_v this_o family_n descend_v from_o the_o british_a blood_n edward_n charleton_n four_o lord_n of_o powis_n of_o that_o name_n alianor_n daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o thomas_n holland_n earl_n of_o kent_n edward_n charleton_n the_o last_o john_n die_v without_o issue_n five_o lord_n of_o powis_n and_o last_o of_o that_o family_n who_o leave_v only_o two_o daughter_n his_o heir_n  _fw-fr sir_n john_n grey_n knight_n jane_n daughter_n and_o co-heir_n to_o edward_n charleton_n lord_n of_o powis_n henry_n grey_z lord_n powis_n create_v earl_n of_o tankervile_n antigone_n natural_a daughter_n to_o umphery_a duke_n of_o gloucester_n edward_n edmund_n edward_n or_o edmund_n grey_a lord_n of_o ruthine_n descend_v from_o the_o lord_n grey_n lord_n of_o powis_n create_v earl_n of_o kent_n katherine_z daughter_z to_z henry_n percy_z second_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n by_o which_o match_n the_o british_a blood_n descend_v george_n grey_a earl_n of_o kent_n anne_n daughter_n to_o richard_n woodvile_a earl_n rivers_n richard_z grey_z earl_n of_o kent_n sans_o issue_n elizabeth_z daughter_n to_o sir_n william_n hussey_n knight_n lord_n chief_a justice_n reiginold_n grey_n grandchild_n to_o george_n by_o his_o second_o wife_n daughter_n of_o william_n herbert_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n by_o which_o match_n come_v in_o the_o british_a blood_n sans_o issue_n  _fw-fr henry_n grey_n brother_n and_o heir_n to_o reginold_n earl_n of_o kent_n sans_o issue_n marry_o daughter_n to_o sir_n george_n cotton_n of_o cheshire_n knight_n charles_n grey_a brother_n to_o the_o two_o former_a earl_n and_o their_o heir_n susan_n daughter_n to_o richard_n cotton_n of_o hantshire_n squire_n henry_n grey_z earl_n of_o kent_n sans_o issue_n elizabeth_n daughter_n and_o co-heir_n to_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n anthony_n grey_n of_o burbage_n com._n leic._n son_n of_o george_n son_n of_o anthony_n grey_n of_o branspath_n son_n of_o george_n hrey_n lord_n grey_n of_o ruthin_n second_o earl_n of_o kent_n by_o his_o wife_n daughter_z to_z william_n herbert_z earl_n of_o pembroke_n continue_v the_o british_a line_n henry_n lord_z grey_z kent_z kent_n be_v a_o very_a rich_a and_o pleasant_a country_n lie_v between_o the_o thames_n and_o the_o narrow_a sea_n a_o country_n very_o good_a for_o corn_n and_o fit_a for_o pastorage_n according_a to_o the_o several_a plot_n and_o part_n thereof_o and_o wondrous_a full_a of_o fruitful_a and_o well_o order_v orchard_n from_o whence_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v supply_v with_o most_o sort_n of_o fruit_n the_o village_n and_o town_n stand_v exceed_o thick_a be_v in_o all_o three_o hundred_o ninety_o eight_o parish_n beside_o lesser_a hamlet_n which_o make_v up_o the_o two_o diocese_n of_o canterbury_n and_o rochester_n it_o have_v also_o divers_a safe_a road_n and_o sure_a harbour_n for_o ship_n and_o those_o exceed_v well_o defend_v with_o fort_n and_o castle_n caesar_n when_o he_o arrive_v in_o kent_n find_v here_o four_o king_n for_o so_o they_o call_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o principal_a family_n and_o give_v this_o testimony_n of_o the_o people_n that_o they_o be_v the_o most_o courteous_a and_o civil_a of_o all_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o decline_a of_o who_o empire_n vortiger_n give_v this_o county_n unto_o the_o saxon_n who_o be_v heathen_n when_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v christian_n give_v a_o occasion_n to_o the_o proverb_n kent_n and_o christendom_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v make_v a_o kingdom_n as_o in_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o norman_n it_o be_v make_v a_o earldom_n and_o so_o it_o have_v continue_v in_o the_o person_n of_o these_o earl_n of_o kent_n odo_n bishop_n of_o baieux_n half_a brother_n to_o the_o conqueror_n lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o lord_n treasurer_n william_n of_o ypres_n hugh_n de_fw-fr burg_n lord_n chief_a justice_n edmund_n of_o woodstock_n son_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o edmund_z plantagenet_z john_n plantagenet_n thomas_n holland_n thomas_n holland_n thomas_z holland_z duke_z of_o surrey_z edmund_z holland_z lord_z admiral_z edmund_z grey_z lord_n ruthin_n earl_n of_o kent_n george_z grey_z richard_z grey_z reginald_n grey_n henry_n grey_z charles_n grey_z henry_n grey_z anthony_z grey_z now_o live_v 1661._o henry_n lord_n grey_n heir_n apparent_a the_o earl_n of_o rutland_n owen_n ap_fw-mi griffith_n lord_n of_o powis_n who_o leave_v one_o only_a daughter_n and_o heir_n who_o marry_v as_o follow_v john_n charleton_n bear_v in_o appley_n near_o wellington_n be_v valectus_n regis_fw-la hawis_n guardan_n i_o e._n the_o hardy_a sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o griffith_n l._n of_o powis_n former_o a_o prinpality_n john_n charleton_n l._n of_o powis_n  _fw-fr john_n charleton_n l._n of_o powis_n  _fw-fr john_n charleton_n l._n of_o powis_n  _fw-fr edward_n charleton_n his_o brother_n die_v without_o issue_n lord_n of_o powis_n who_o leave_v two_o daughter_n his_o heir_n elinor_n one_o of_o the_o daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o t._n holland_n e._n of_o kent_n john_n lord_n typtoft_n of_o worcester_n joyce_n d._n and_o co-h._a to_o ed._n l._n powis_n john_n l._n typtoft_n e._n of_o wocester_n sans_o issue_n leave_v his_o four_o sister_n his_o coheir_n  _fw-fr thomas_n l._n ross_n of_o hamlack_o which_o line_n devolve_v into_o the_o family_n of_o manor_n e._n of_o rutland_n by_o the_o marriage_n of_o elinor_n sister_n and_o heir_n of_o ed._n l._n ross_n of_o hamlack_o belvoir_n &_o trusbut_n to_o sir_n roger_n manor_n grandfather_n to_o thomas_n first_o e._n of_o rutland_n of_o that_o name_n philip_n the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o coheir_n to_o john_n l._n tiptoft_n e._n of_o worcester_n thom._n manor_n first_o e._n of_o rutland_n elinor_n daughter_n to_o sr._n will._n paston_n of_o norfolk_n sir_n john_n manor_n second_v son_n kt._n elizabeth_z daughter_n and_o co-heir_n of_o george_n vernon_n of_o haddon_n in_o
britain_n be_v imprison_v and_o edwal_n voel_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n and_o elise_n his_o brother_n be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n which_o they_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n and_o englishman_n this_o edwal_n have_v six_o son_n meiric_a janaf_a or_o jenan_n jago_n which_o be_v james_n conan_n edwal_n vachan_n and_o roderick_n after_o who_o death_n howel_n dha_n his_o cousin_n german_n rule_v all_o wales_n during_o his_o life_n elise_n also_o have_v issue_n conan_n and_o a_o daughter_n name_v traw_v which_o be_v mother_n to_o conan_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n and_o blethin_n ap_fw-mi covyn_n which_o two_o last_n be_v afterward_o prince_n of_o wales_n howel_n dha_n this_o howel_n dha_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o of_o powis_n long_o before_o this_o time_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edwal_n voel_n his_o cousin_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 940._o who_o notwithstanding_o the_o son_n of_o edwal_n do_v something_o murmur_v against_o he_o be_v for_o his_o godly_a behaviour_n discreet_a and_o just_a rule_n belove_v of_o man_n this_o howel_n constitute_v and_o make_v law_n to_o be_v keep_v through_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v use_v in_o wales_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n receive_v the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o in_o some_o place_n thereof_o long_o after_o these_o law_n be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n both_o in_o welsh_a and_o latin_a howel_n dha_n perceive_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n to_o have_v grow_v unto_o great_a abuse_n send_v for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o menenia_n and_o all_o the_o other_o bishop_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o clergy_n prince_n a_o pious_a example_n for_o all_o prince_n to_o the_o number_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o prelate_n and_o all_o the_o baron_n and_o noble_n of_o wales_n and_o cause_v six_o man_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o best_a esteem_v in_o every_o comote_v to_o be_v call_v before_o he_o who_o he_o command_v to_o meet_v altogether_o at_o his_o house_n call_v y_o tuy_n gwyn_n taf_n that_o be_v the_o white_a house_n upon_o the_o river_n taf._n thither_o he_o come_v himself_o and_o there_o remain_v with_o those_o his_o noble_n prelate_n and_o subject_n all_o the_o lend_v in_o prayer_n and_o fast_v crave_v the_o assistance_n and_o direction_n of_o god_n holy_a spirit_n that_o he_o may_v reform_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o quiet_a government_n of_o the_o people_n about_o the_o end_n of_o lent_n he_o choose_v out_o of_o that_o company_n twelve_o man_n of_o the_o wise_a grave_a and_o of_o the_o great_a experience_n to_o who_o he_o add_v one_o clerk_n or_o doctor_n of_o the_o law_n name_v blegor_v a_o singular_a learned_a and_o perfect_a wise_a man_n these_o have_v in_o charge_n to_o examine_v the_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o gather_v of_o such_o as_o be_v meet_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o country_n which_o they_o do_v retain_v those_o that_o be_v wholesome_a and_o profitable_a expound_v those_o that_o be_v doubtful_a and_o ambiguous_a and_o abrogate_a those_o that_o be_v superfluous_a and_o hurtful_a and_o so_o ordain_v three_o sort_n of_o law_n the_o first_o for_o order_v of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n household_n and_o his_o court._n the_o second_o of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o country_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o three_o of_o the_o special_a custom_n belong_v to_o particular_a place_n and_o person_n of_o all_o the_o which_o be_v read_v allow_v and_o proclaim_v he_o cause_v three_o several_a book_n to_o be_v write_v one_o for_o his_o daily_a use_n to_o follow_v his_o court_n a_o other_o to_o lie_v in_o his_o palace_n at_o abersfrew_n and_o the_o three_o at_o dinevour_v that_o all_o the_o three_o province_n of_o wales_n may_v have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o when_o need_v require_v apostolic_a the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o britain_n much_o observant_a of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a and_o for_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o these_o law_n he_o procure_v of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n david_n to_o denounce_v sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o same_o whithin_v a_o while_n after_o howel_n because_o he_o will_v omit_v nothing_o that_o can_v bring_v countenance_n and_o authority_n to_o his_o say_a law_n go_v to_o rome_n take_v with_o he_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n david_n the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n and_o asaph_n and_o thirteen_o other_o of_o the_o learn_a and_o wise_a man_n in_o wales_n where_o the_o say_v law_n be_v recite_v before_o the_o pope_n be_v by_o his_o authority_n confirm_v then_o have_v finish_v his_o devote_a pilgrimage_n he_o return_v home_o again_o with_o his_o company_n 1._o by_o these_o law_n they_o may_v not_o mortgage_v their_o land_n but_o to_o one_o of_o the_o same_o family_n or_o kindred_n which_o be_v the_o eadem_fw-la parentela_n 2._o every_o tenant_n hold_v of_o any_o other_o than_o his_o prince_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n pay_v a_o fine_a pro_fw-la defension_n regia_n which_o be_v call_v arian_n ardhel_n in_o latin_a advocarii_fw-la 3._o no_o legacy_n of_o good_n by_o will_n be_v good_a otherwise_o then_o those_o which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o church_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o for_o payment_n of_o debt_n 4._o every_o man_n may_v destrain_v as_o well_o for_o debt_n as_o for_o rent_n of_o land_n any_o good_n or_o cattle_n save_v horse_n which_o be_v count_v to_o serve_v for_o a_o man_n necessary_a defence_n and_o be_v not_o destrainable_a without_o the_o prince_n licence_n 5._o cause_n of_o inheritance_n be_v not_o hear_v or_o determine_v but_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o november_n till_o the_o nine_o of_o february_n or_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o may_n until_o the_o nine_o of_o august_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n be_v count_v a_o time_n of_o vacation_n for_o sow_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o reap_v in_o the_o harvest_n this_o also_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o matter_n of_o inheritance_n of_o land_n be_v determine_v and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n in_o person_n or_o his_o special_a deputy_n if_o he_o be_v sick_a or_o impotent_a and_o that_o upon_o the_o view_n of_o the_o say_a land_n call_v unto_o he_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o same_o place_n two_o elder_n of_o his_o council_n the_o chief_a justice_n attend_v always_o in_o the_o court_n the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o the_o priest_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o proceed_n be_v thus_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n sit_v in_o his_o judicial_a seat_n high_o than_o the_o rest_n with_o a_o elder_a on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o a_o other_o on_o his_o left_a and_o the_o freeholder_n on_o both_o side_n next_o unto_o they_o which_o for_o this_o cause_n as_o i_o think_v be_v call_v vchelwyr_n before_o he_o direct_o a_o certain_a distance_n off_o and_o a_o little_o low_a sit_v the_o chief_a justice_n have_v the_o priest_n on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o that_o country_n on_o the_o left_a the_o court_n be_v set_v the_o plaintiff_n come_v in_o with_o his_o advocate_n champion_n and_o rhyngyth_n and_o stand_v on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o witness_n on_o both_o party_n come_v which_o stand_v direct_o before_o the_o chief_a justice_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o hall_n until_o they_o be_v call_v up_o to_o testify_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o knowledge_n in_o the_o matter_n in_o varitance_n the_o figure_n of_o which_o i_o think_v good_a here_o to_o lay_v down_o as_o you_o see_v underneath_o uchelwyr_n a_o elder_a the_o king_n a_o elder_a uchelwyr_n the_o priest_n the_o chief_a justice_n the_o judge_n the_o defendant_n  _fw-fr the_o plaintiff_n rhyngyth_n  _fw-fr rhyngyth_n advocate_n  _fw-fr advocate_n champion_n the_o witness_n champion_n after_o the_o hear_n of_o this_o book_n read_v the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o full_a plead_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o open_a court_n upon_o warn_v give_v by_o the_o rhyngyth_n the_o chief_a justice_n the_o priest_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n withdraw_v themselves_o for_o a_o while_n to_o consult_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o then_o secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la bring_v their_o verdict_n the_o court_n sit_v whereupon_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n after_o consultation_n have_v with_o the_o elder_n or_o senior_n which_o sit_v by_o he_o give_v definitive_a sentence_n except_o the_o matter_n be_v so_o obscure_a and_o intricate_a that_o right_a and_o truth_n appear_v not_o in_o the_o which_o case_n it_o be_v try_v by_o the_o two_o champion_n and_o so_o
the_o cause_n end_v this_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o time_n some_o author_n write_v that_o lhewelin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_v who_o be_v after_o prince_n of_o wales_n assisted_z edmund_z a_o saxon_a king_n and_o enter_v cumberland_n take_v the_o two_o son_n of_o dummaille_n king_n of_o the_o province_n put_v out_o their_o eye_n and_o then_o give_v that_o country_n to_o malcolme_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o with_o condition_n to_o keep_v the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o realm_n from_o incursion_n of_o enemy_n the_o which_o condition_n be_v afterward_o but_o slender_o perform_v this_o malcome_n be_v the_o son_n of_o donald_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o be_v the_o next_o king_n after_o constantine_n the_o three_o be_v in_o number_n the_o 76._o in_o the_o year_n 942._o die_v hubert_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v marclois_fw-fr bishop_n of_o bangor_n and_o vssa_n the_o son_n of_o lhavyr_n die_v the_o year_n 944._o the_o englishman_n enter_v wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o spoil_v strad_n clwid_v and_o return_v home_o at_o which_o time_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o elise_n be_v put_v in_o danger_n of_o death_n by_o poison_n and_o everus_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 948_o die_v howel_n dha_n the_o noble_a and_o worthy_a king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n who_o death_n be_v much_o lament_v by_o all_o man_n for_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n that_o love_a peace_n and_o good_a order_n and_o that_o fear_v god_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o four_o son_n owen_n run_z roderike_n and_o edwin_n betwixt_o who_o and_o the_o son_n of_o edwal_n there_o ensue_v great_a war_n for_o the_o chief_a rule_n of_o wales_n as_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o history_n follow_v after_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n dha_n his_o son_n do_v divide_v southwales_n and_o powis_n betwixt_o they_o and_o janaf_a and_o jago_n the_o second_o and_o three_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n rule_v north_n wales_n because_o their_o elder_a brother_n meyric_n be_v not_o a_o man_n worthy_a to_o rule_v who_o come_v of_o the_o elder_a house_n will_v have_v have_v the_o chief_a rule_n of_o all_o wales_n which_o the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n deny_v they_o and_o thereupon_o jago_n or_o james_n and_o janaf_n enter_v southwales_n with_o a_o great_a power_n against_o who_o come_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n and_o his_o brethren_n and_o fight_v together_o at_o the_o hill_n of_o carno_n where_o jago_n and_o janaf_n have_v the_o victory_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o say_a brethren_n do_v twice_o enter_v into_o southwales_n and_o spoil_v dinet_n and_o slay_v dwnwalhon_n lord_n thereof_o and_o within_o a_o while_n after_o die_v roderike_n one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n year_n 952_o in_o the_o year_n 952._o the_o son_n of_o howel_n gather_v their_o strength_n together_o against_o janaf_n and_o jago_n and_o enter_v their_o land_n at_o the_o river_n of_o conwy_n where_o they_o fight_v a_o cruel_a battle_n at_o a_o place_n call_v gurgustu_n or_o lhanrwst_n as_o some_o think_v where_o a_o great_a number_n be_v slay_v upon_o either_o side_n as_o anarawd_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n or_o vriel_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a and_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n in_o the_o which_o battle_n be_v overthrow_v the_o son_n of_o howel_n who_o janaf_n &_o jago_n pursue_v to_o caerdigan_n &_o destroy_v their_o country_n with_o fire_n &_o sword_n about_o this_o time_n yarthyr_n the_o son_n of_o mervyn_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o year_n 958_o be_v a_o wonderful_a hot_a summer_n when_o gwyan_n the_o son_n of_o gwiriad_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n die_v after_o the_o which_o heat_n there_o follow_v a_o great_a plague_n in_o march_n ensue_v in_o those_o day_n jago_n and_o janaf_n by_o force_n and_o strength_n rule_v all_o wales_n as_o they_o think_v good_a and_o yet_o for_o all_o their_o power_n abloic_a king_n of_o ireland_n land_v in_o môn_n and_o have_v burn_v holyhead_n spoil_v the_o country_n of_o lhyyn_n year_n 961_o in_o the_o year_n 961_o the_o son_n of_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n be_v slay_v after_o they_o have_v destroy_v all_o the_o country_n to_o towyn_n about_o this_o time_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o cadvan_n rytherch_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n and_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a life_n not_o long_o after_o the_o country_n of_o north-wales_n be_v exceed_o spoil_v by_o the_o army_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o be_v the_o not_o payment_n of_o the_o tribute_n that_o the_o king_n of_o abersfraw_n by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n be_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n in_o the_o end_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v w._n jo._n cast_v holl._n pag._n 232._o wolf_n destroy_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o w._n for_o king_n edgar_n understanding_n what_o hurt_v the_o country_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n receive_v daily_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o wolf_n that_o then_o abound_v especial_o in_o wales_n which_o destroy_v much_o sheep_n and_o otherways_o do_v great_a harm_n release_v the_o tribute_n of_o money_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a law_n of_o howel_n dha_n and_o bind_v the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n to_o pay_v he_o yearly_o certain_a wolf_n for_o his_o tribute_n &_o so_o to_o be_v release_v of_o the_o other_o tribute_n in_o money_n which_o the_o say_a prince_n perform_v until_o he_o have_v leave_v never_o a_o wolf_n in_o all_o wales_n or_o england_n year_n 966_o in_o the_o year_n 966._o roderike_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o irishman_n by_o who_o abersfraw_n be_v destroy_v the_o next_o year_n after_o fell_a a_o great_a debate_n betwixt_o the_o two_o son_n of_o edwal_n jago_n and_o janaf_n which_o have_v rule_v joint_o together_o from_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n dha_n till_o that_o time_n and_o short_o after_o jago_n have_v take_v his_o brother_n janaf_a by_o force_n very_o cruel_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n a_o long_a time_n about_o the_o which_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o southwales_n wan_a &_o seize_v to_o himself_o the_o land_n of_o gwyr_n and_o in_o the_o year_n â—69_n machis_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n with_o a_o army_n of_o dane_n do_v enter_v into_o anglesey_n and_o spoil_v 〈◊〉_d year_n 969_o theâ—â—_n â—â—â—nes_n be_v suffer_v by_o edgar_n to_o inhabit_v quiet_o through_o all_o england_n till_o they_o â—â—re_v as_o strong_a as_o the_o englishman_n and_o then_o they_o fall_v to_o such_o riotousness_n and_o drink_v that_o â—â—ch_a mischief_n ensue_v thereof_o drink_n a_o law_n against_o immoderate_a drink_n whereupon_o edgar_n make_v a_o law_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v drink_v by_o measure_n and_o cause_v a_o certain_a mark_n to_o be_v set_v in_o every_o pot_n how_o deep_o they_o shall_v drink_v and_o so_o by_o these_o mean_v he_o somewhat_o stay_v the_o immoderate_a ingurgation_n not_o long_o after_o that_o godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n do_v subdue_v to_o himself_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o anglesey_n which_o he_o enjoy_v not_o long_a year_n 972_o king_n edgar_n likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 972_o do_v send_v a_o great_a army_n to_o gaâ—â—â—â—on_n upon_o vsk_v which_o short_o turn_v back_o without_o do_v any_o notable_a act_n vsk_n caerleon_n upon_o vsk_n the_o next_o year_n follow_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n raise_v a_o great_a power_n against_o his_o uncle_n jago_n for_o the_o deliverance_n of_o his_o father_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o overcome_v his_o uncle_n in_o fight_n who_o he_o chase_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o take_v his_o elder_a uncle_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n and_o put_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n and_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n where_o he_o die_v short_o after_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n and_o jonaval_n of_o the_o which_o edwal_n come_v afterward_o the_o most_o worthy_a prince_n of_o wales_n howel_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v set_v his_o father_n at_o liberty_n yet_o take_v upon_o himself_o the_o whole_a rule_n of_o the_o land_n for_o his_o life-time_n he_o have_v three_o brethren_n all_o man_n of_o great_a estimation_n meyrich_n janaf_a and_o cadwallon_n who_o line_n shall_v ensue_v hereafter_o howel_n son_n of_o janaf_n after_o that_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n have_v expel_v his_o uncle_n from_o the_o land_n rome_n dunwalhon_n go_v to_o rome_n he_o take_v the_o rule_n to_o himself_o and_o at_o that_o time_n dwnwalhon_n prince_n of_o strad_n cwlyd_v take_v his_o journey_n to_o rome_n then_o die_v edwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n year_n 976_o the_o year_n 976_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n king_n of_o southwales_n destroy_v the_o land_n of_o gwyr_n the_o second_o time_n the_o year_n ensue_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n with_o a_o great_a army_n both_o of_o welshman_n
and_o englishman_n make_v war_n against_o such_o as_o succour_v and_o defend_v his_o uncle_n jago_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n of_o lhyyn_n and_o kelynnoc_n vawr_n whereby_o short_o after_o jago_n be_v take_v by_o howel_n man_n who_o enjoy_v his_o part_n of_o the_o land_n peaceable_o year_n 979_o about_o the_o year_n 979._o edwal_n vachan_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n be_v slay_v by_o his_o nephew_n howel_n at_o this_o time_n custenym_n dhu_n that_o be_v constantine_n the_o black_a son_n to_o jago_n which_o then_o be_v prisoner_n hire_v godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n with_o his_o dane_n against_o his_o cousin_n and_o they_o both_o together_o destroy_v anglesey_n and_o lhyyn_n whereupon_o howel_n gather_v his_o army_n together_o and_o set_v upon_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v gwath_n hirbarth_n overthrow_v they_o where_o constantine_n be_v slay_v year_n 981_o the_o year_n 981._o godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n and_o enter_v west_n wales_n where_o spoil_v all_o the_o land_n of_o dynet_n with_o the_o church_n of_o st._n david_n he_o fight_v the_o battle_n of_o lhanwanoc_n likewise_o in_o the_o year_n next_o ensue_v duke_n alfred_n with_o a_o army_n of_o englishman_n spoil_v and_o destroy_v brechnock_n and_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o southwales_n against_o who_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o the_o say_v owen_n and_o howel_n king_n of_o north-wales_n do_v raise_v all_o their_o power_n and_o overthrow_v they_o in_o battle_n where_o the_o great_a part_n of_o alfred_n army_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o gentleman_n of_o gwentland_n rebel_v against_o their_o prince_n and_o cruel_o slay_v eneon_n the_o soâ—_n of_o owen_n which_o come_v thither_o to_o appease_v they_o this_o eneon_n be_v a_o worthy_a and_o noble_a gentleman_n who_o do_v many_o notable_a act_n in_o his_o father_n time_n and_o leave_v behind_o two_o son_n edwin_n and_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n mawr_z of_o who_o come_v afterward_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o southwales_n in_o the_o year_n 984._o howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_a king_n of_o wales_n entered_z england_z with_o a_o army_n where_o he_o be_v fight_v and_o slay_v valiant_o fight_v this_o howel_n have_v no_o son_n but_o his_o brethren_n reign_v in_o his_o place_n cadwallon_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n after_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n his_o brother_n cadwallon_n the_o second_o son_n of_o janaf_n take_v in_o hand_n the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n and_o first_o make_v war_n with_o jonaval_a his_o cofin_n the_o son_n of_o meyric_n and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o land_n and_o slay_v he_o but_o edwal_n the_o young_a brother_n escape_v away_o secret_o the_o year_n follow_v meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n with_o all_o his_o people_n enter_v into_o north-wales_n and_o in_o fight_n slay_v cadwallon_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n and_o meyric_n his_o brother_n and_o conquer_v the_o land_n to_o himself_o wherein_o a_o man_n may_v see_v how_o god_n punish_v the_o wrong_n which_o jago_n and_o janaf_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n do_v to_o their_o elder_a brother_n meyrick_n who_o be_v first_o disinherit_v and_o afterward_o his_o eye_n put_v out_o and_o one_o of_o his_o son_n slay_v for_o first_o janaf_n be_v imprison_v by_o jago_n than_o jago_n with_o his_o son_n constantine_n by_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a howel_n with_o his_o brethren_n cadwallon_n and_o meyric_n be_v slay_v and_o spoil_v of_o their_o land_n meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n year_n 986_o this_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n havingslain_a cadwallon_n obtain_v the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o north-wales_n in_o the_o year_n 986._o godfrid_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n the_o three_o time_n enter_v the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n where_o have_v take_v lywarck_o the_o son_n of_o owen_n with_o two_o thousand_o prisoner_n beside_o he_o cruel_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n whereupon_o meredyth_n the_o prince_n with_o the_o rest_n escape_v and_o flee_v to_o cardigan_n and_o the_o same_o year_n there_o be_v a_o great_a murrain_n of_o cattle_n throughout_o all_o wales_n year_n 987_o in_o the_o year_n 987._o die_v janaf_a the_o son_n of_o edwal_n who_o have_v live_v many_o year_n a_o private_a life_n the_o same_o year_n also_o die_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n prince_n of_o southwales_n this_o owen_n have_v three_o son_n eneon_n which_o die_v in_o his_o father_n life_n time_n lhywarck_v which_o lose_v both_o his_o eye_n and_o meredyth_n which_o as_o â—â—fore_o be_v declare_v have_v win_v north-wales_n and_o after_o his_o father_n death_n take_v also_o into_o his_o possession_n all_o southwales_n have_v no_o respect_n to_o his_o brother_n eneon_n his_o son_n edwin_n and_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o dane_n sail_v from_o hampton_n alongst_o the_o sea_n coast_n army_n the_o tribute_n of_o the_o black_a army_n spoil_v devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n and_o so_o at_o last_o land_v in_o southwales_n and_o destroy_v saint_n david_n lanbadarn_n lhanrystid_n and_o lhandydock_n which_o be_v all_o place_n of_o religion_n and_o do_v so_o much_o hurt_v in_o the_o country_n beside_o that_o to_o be_v rid_v of_o they_o meredyth_n be_v fain_o to_o agree_v with_o they_o and_o to_o give_v they_o a_o penny_n for_o every_o man_n within_o his_o land_n which_o be_v call_v the_o tribute_n of_o the_o black_a army_n year_n 989_o the_o year_n 989._o owen_n the_o son_n of_o dyfnwal_n be_v slay_v within_o a_o year_n after_o meredith_n king_n of_o wales_n destroy_v the_o town_n of_o radnor_n at_o which_o time_n his_o nephew_n edwin_n the_o son_n of_o encon_n have_v to_o his_o aid_n duke_n adelf_n and_o a_o great_a army_n of_o englishman_n and_o dane_n spoil_v all_o the_o land_n of_o meredith_n in_o southwales_n as_o caerdigan_n dynet_n gwyr_n kydwch_n and_o saint_n david_n where_o edwin_n take_v pledge_n of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o those_o country_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n this_o meredith_n with_o his_o people_n do_v spoil_v glamorgan_n so_o that_o no_o place_n be_v free_a from_o sword_n and_o fire_n but_o at_o the_o last_o meredith_n and_o edwin_n fall_v to_o a_o agreement_n and_o be_v make_v friend_n soon_o after_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n die_v meredith_n be_v thus_o employ_v have_v so_o much_o to_o do_v in_o southwales_n that_o north-wales_n lie_v open_a for_o the_o enemy_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o dane_n perceive_v they_o arrive_v in_o anglisey_n and_o destroy_v the_o whole_a isle_n 992._o matth._n west_n pag._n 383._o jâ—a_n castor_n 992._o whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n receive_v edwal_n the_o son_n of_o meyric_n the_o right_a heir_n of_o north-wales_n for_o their_o prince_n in_o the_o year_n 992._o after_o these_o great_a trouble_n there_o follow_v within_o a_o year_n after_o such_o famine_n and_o scarcity_n in_o southwales_n that_o many_o perish_v for_o want_n of_o food_n edwal_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n this_o edwal_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n study_v to_o keep_v and_o defend_v his_o people_n from_o injury_n and_o wrong_n but_o meredith_n gather_v together_o all_o his_o power_n intend_v to_o recover_v again_o north-wales_n with_o who_o edwal_n meet_v at_o lhagwm_n and_o overthrow_v he_o in_o plain_a battle_n where_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n manor_n meredith_n his_o nephew_n be_v slay_v who_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n rees_n and_o rytherck_n and_o a_o daughter_n call_v elen._n a_o little_a after_o this_o swain_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n destroy_v the_o isle_n of_o man_n and_o enter_v into_o north-wales_n slay_v edwal_n the_o prince_n thereof_o who_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v jago_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 998._o the_o dane_n come_v again_o to_o saint_n david_n destroy_v all_o before_o they_o and_o there_o they_o slay_v morgency_n or_o rather_o vrgency_n bishop_n of_o that_o see_v the_o same_o year_n also_o die_v meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n leave_v behind_o he_o one_o only_a daughter_n call_v angharad_n which_o be_v marry_v to_o lewellin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n and_o after_o his_o death_n to_o convyn_n hirdref_n or_o as_o other_o do_v think_v to_o convyn_n ap_fw-mi gwerystan_n who_o have_v child_n by_o either_o of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o much_o war_n and_o mischief_n in_o wales_n as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o aedan_n the_o son_n of_o blegor_v the_o death_n of_o both_o these_o prince_n forsomuch_o as_o meredith_n have_v no_o issue_n male_a and_o edwal_n leave_v behind_o he_o a_o child_n within_o year_n not_o able_a to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n do_v cause_v much_o trouble_n to_o ensue_v for_o in_o north-wales_n divers_a do_v aspire_v
shall_v find_v james_n king_n of_o england_n to_o have_v descend_v from_o the_o welsh_a blood_n year_n 1054_o in_o the_o year_n 1054_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o rythrick_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n do_v gather_v a_o great_a army_n as_o well_o of_o stranger_n as_o of_o other_o against_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n but_o common_o call_v king_n of_o north-wales_n who_o detract_n no_o time_n meet_v he_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o short_o after_o algar_n earl_n of_o chester_n be_v convict_v of_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n flee_v to_o gruffith_n into_o wales_n who_o gather_v his_o power_n to_o revenge_v the_o wrong_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v at_o the_o englishman_n hand_n who_o ever_o succour_v his_o enemy_n against_o he_o therefore_o he_o together_o with_o algar_n enter_v herefordshire_n and_o spoil_v all_o the_o way_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o the_o city_n whether_o all_o the_o people_n have_v flee_v and_o they_o bold_o issue_v forth_o earl_n randulf_n be_v their_o leader_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n which_o gruffith_n wish_v for_o above_o any_o other_o thing_n as_o he_o that_o have_v win_v five_o set_v battle_n and_o courageous_o receive_v his_o enemy_n fight_v with_o they_o which_o fight_n be_v long_o and_o doubtful_a till_o such_o time_n as_o gruffith_n encourage_v his_o people_n with_o the_o remembrance_n of_o the_o prowess_n and_o worthy_a act_n of_o the_o ancient_a britain_n their_o forefather_n say_v that_o they_o be_v the_o same_o enemy_n who_o back_n they_o have_v so_o often_o see_v former_o which_o double_v their_o strength_n and_o force_n and_o so_o they_o press_v forward_o that_o their_o foe_n be_v compel_v to_o forsake_v the_o field_n and_o trust_v to_o their_o foot_n and_o think_v to_o have_v take_v the_o town_n for_o their_o defence_n but_o gruffith_n and_o his_o man_n pursue_v they_o so_o hard_o that_o they_o enter_v with_o they_o and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n return_v home_o with_o many_o worthy_a prisoner_n great_a triumph_n and_o rich_a spoil_n leave_v nothing_o in_o the_o town_n but_o blood_n and_o ash_n and_o the_o wall_n raze_v to_o the_o ground_n there_o be_v some_o that_o think_v that_o king_n edward_n by_o evil_a counsel_n as_o it_o be_v think_v banish_a algar_n the_o son_n of_o earl_n leofrike_n whereupon_o he_o get_v he_o into_o ireland_n and_o there_o provide_v eighteen_o ship_n of_o rover_n return_v and_o join_v himself_o with_o gruffith_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n who_o both_o together_o invade_v the_o country_n of_o mercia_n about_o hereford_n where_o earl_n ranulph_n earl_n of_o that_o country_n who_o be_v son_n to_o king_n edward_n sister_n name_v joda_n by_o her_o first_o husband_n walter_n de_fw-fr maunt_n come_v against_o they_o with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o meet_v they_o above_o two_o mile_n from_o hereford_n where_o after_o a_o sore_a fight_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o hour_n ranulph_n and_o his_o army_n be_v overcome_v and_o five_o hundred_o of_o they_o slay_v the_o rest_n be_v total_o rout_v who_o gruffith_n and_o algar_n pursue_v to_o hereford_n and_o enter_v the_o town_n set_v the_o cathedral_n church_n on_o fire_n and_o slay_v the_o bishop_n name_v leoger_n christian_n a_o barbarous_a act_n among_o christian_n a_o act_n fit_a for_o pagan_n then_o christian_n with_o seven_o of_o the_o canon_n spoil_v and_o burn_v the_o town_n miserable_o whereupon_o king_n edward_n be_v advertise_v hereof_o gather_v a_o army_n and_o send_v haroald_n the_o son_n of_o earl_n godwin_n against_o they_o who_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n to_o north-wales_n pass_v through_o stradelwyd_n to_o snowdon_n but_o gruffith_n and_o algor_fw-la be_v afraid_a to_o meet_v herald_n get_v they_o again_o into_o southwales_n whereof_o haroald_n have_v notice_n leave_v one_o part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o north-wales_n to_o resist_v the_o enemy_n there_o and_o return_v with_o the_o residue_n to_o hereford_n cause_v a_o great_a trench_n to_o be_v cast_v round_o about_o the_o town_n with_o a_o high_a rampire_n strong_o fortify_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o same_o after_o this_o by_o mean_n of_o a_o parley_n have_v with_o gruffith_n and_o algar_n at_o a_o place_n call_v beligelhag_a a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v whereupon_o algar_n be_v pardon_v by_o the_o king_n and_o restore_v again_o to_o his_o earldom_n return_v home_o to_o chester_n about_o two_o year_n after_o algar_n be_v accuse_v again_o of_o treason_n so_o that_o he_o be_v the_o second_o time_n exile_v the_o land_n and_o repair_v to_o his_o old_a friend_n gruffith_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n by_o who_o he_o be_v joyful_o receive_v and_o restore_v again_o to_o his_o earldom_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o certain_a stranger_n which_o come_v by_o chance_n from_o norway_n whereupon_o king_n edward_n be_v high_o offend_v with_o gruffith_n send_v haroald_n again_o with_o a_o army_n into_o north-wales_n to_o do_v revenge_n upon_o he_o who_o come_v to_o ruthlen_n burn_v the_o palace_n of_o gruffith_n and_o his_o ship_n and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o king_n at_o gloucester_n not_o long_o after_o these_o transaction_n roderick_n son_n to_o haroald_n king_n of_o denmark_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o wales_n and_o there_o be_v friendly_o receive_v by_o gruffith_n join_v his_o power_n to_o king_n gruffiths_n enter_v england_n and_o cruel_o spoil_v and_o burn_v great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n but_o short_o after_o roderick_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v to_o his_o ship_n and_o to_o sail_v to_o denmark_n and_o gruffith_n come_v to_o wales_n load_v with_o spoil_n 101._o mr._n powel_n fol._n 101._o this_o year_n say_v mr._n powel_n die_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherick_n also_o haroald_n and_o his_o brother_n tosty_o by_o the_o procurement_n of_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherick_n and_o other_o gather_v a_o great_a power_n and_o enter_v southwales_n and_o subdue_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o and_o wrought_v so_o with_o those_o that_o be_v about_o gruffith_n the_o king_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v gather_v his_o people_n in_o north-wales_n and_o begin_v his_o journey_n to_o meet_v with_o haroald_n he_o be_v cruel_o and_o traterous_o slay_v by_o his_o own_o man_n and_o his_o head_n bring_v to_o haroald_n who_o appoint_v and_o place_v meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n prince_n and_o ruler_n of_o southwales_n and_o he_o with_o his_o brother_n tosty_o return_v home_n some_o do_v report_n that_o haroald_v about_o rogation_n week_n by_o the_o king_n commandment_n go_v against_o the_o welshman_n and_o take_v the_o sea_n sail_v by_o bristol_n round_o about_o the_o coast_n compass_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o wales_n his_o brother_n tosty_o that_o be_v earl_n of_o northumberland_n meet_v he_o by_o appointment_n with_o a_o host_n of_o horseman_n and_o so_o join_v together_o they_o destroy_v the_o country_n of_o southwales_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o welshman_n be_v compel_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o deliver_v hostage_n and_o condition_v to_o pay_v the_o ancient_a tribute_n which_o before_o time_n they_o have_v pay_v english_a southwales_n submit_v to_o the_o english_a the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n because_o gruffith_n their_o prince_n flee_v at_o the_o come_n of_o haroald_n and_o leave_v they_o to_o be_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o enemy_n hate_v he_o so_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o return_v again_o unto_o they_o they_o slay_v he_o and_o send_v his_o head_n to_o haroald_n which_o he_o send_v to_o the_o king_n after_o who_o death_n king_n edward_n grant_v the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n to_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n the_o son_n of_o convyn_n brethren_n to_o gruffith_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n who_o do_v homage_n unto_o he_o for_o the_o same_o this_o gruffiuh_o ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n govern_v wales_n thirty_o four_o year_n valiant_o and_o worthy_o he_o never_o fough_o but_o that_o he_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o field_n victorious_a he_o be_v gentle_a and_o affable_a to_o his_o subject_n and_o cruel_a to_o his_o foe_n belove_v of_o the_o one_o and_o fear_v of_o the_o other_o liberal_a to_o stranger_n costly_a in_o apparel_n and_o princely_a in_o all_o his_o do_n and_o unworthy_a of_o that_o cruel_a death_n that_o the_o ambitious_a desire_n of_o rule_n do_v provoke_v his_o unkind_a subject_n and_o unnatural_a cousin_n to_o prepare_v for_o so_o noble_a a_o prince_n and_o so_o gentle_a a_o master_n as_o he_o be_v blethin_n and_o riwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o convyn_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o king_n or_o prince_n gruffith_n meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n which_o edwin_n be_v son_n as_o some_o writer_n say_v to_o howel_n dha_n do_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o southwales_n and_o blethin_n and_o riwalbon_n the_o son_n of_o convyn_n and_o half_a brother_n to_o king_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n as_o they_o which_o be_v bear_v of_o
angharat_n daughter_n to_o meredith_n king_n of_o wales_n do_v govern_v north-wales_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n be_v all_o this_o time_n with_o his_o father_n in_o law_n in_o ireland_n caradock_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytheryc_a be_v the_o first_o that_o procure_v haroald_n to_o come_v into_o wales_n against_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n hope_v by_o he_o to_o attain_v unto_o the_o government_n of_o southwales_n but_o it_o fall_v ontotherwise_o for_o when_o haroald_n understand_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o get_v that_o which_o he_o look_v for_o at_o the_o hand_n of_o caradock_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a lordship_n within_o wales_n nigh_o unto_o hereford_n and_o know_v also_o caradoc_n to_o be_v a_o subtle_a and_o deceitful_a man_n compound_v with_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n for_o that_o lordship_n he_o make_v he_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o banish_a caradoc_n out_o of_o the_o country_n afterward_o haroald_v have_v obtain_v that_o lordship_n build_v there_o a_o stately_a and_o princely_a house_n at_o a_o place_n call_v portashlyth_a and_o divers_a time_n earnest_o invite_v the_o king_n to_o come_v and_o see_v the_o same_o and_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v then_o at_o gloucester_n not_o far_o of_o grant_v he_o his_o request_n whereupon_o haroald_n make_v such_o preparation_n as_o be_v most_o wonderful_a and_o as_o much_o abuse_v soon_o after_o this_o the_o say_a caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n come_v to_o the_o same_o house_n and_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o haroald_n kill_v all_o the_o workman_n and_o labourer_n that_o be_v at_o work_n and_o all_o the_o servant_n and_o people_n of_o haroald_n that_o he_o can_v find_v and_o deface_v the_o work_n carry_v away_o those_o thing_n that_o with_o great_a labour_n and_o expense_n have_v be_v bring_v thither_o and_o set_v out_o and_o beautify_v the_o building_n william_n common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n be_v now_o king_n of_o england_n and_o edrik_n sylvaticus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o alfrike_n earl_n of_o mercia_n refuse_v to_o submit_v himself_o as_o oher_n have_v do_v when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o king_n be_v depart_v to_o normandy_n rise_v against_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v in_o his_o absence_n to_o keep_v the_o land_n in_o obedience_n whereupon_o those_o that_o lay_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o hereford_n richard_n fitz_n scroop_n and_o other_o oftentimes_o invade_v his_o land_n and_o waste_v the_o good_n of_o his_o tenant_n but_o as_o often_o as_o they_o come_v against_o he_o they_o always_o lose_v some_o of_o their_o own_o man_n at_o length_n he_o call_v to_o his_o aid_n the_o king_n of_o wales_n blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o hereford_n even_o to_o weigh_a bridge_n and_o then_o return_v with_o great_a booty_n this_o year_n also_o 1068._o meredith_n and_o ithel_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n raise_v a_o strong_a army_n against_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n king_n of_o north-wales_n and_o meet_v with_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v mechain_n where_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n there_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o one_o part_n ithel_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o rywalhon_n and_o meredith_n put_v to_o flight_n who_o blethyn_n pursue_v so_o strait_o that_o he_o starve_v for_o cold_a and_o hunger_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o so_o blethyn_n son_n of_o convyn_n remain_v the_o only_a king_n of_o powis_n and_o north-wales_n carodoc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherck_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o frenchman_n for_o so_o the_o british_a book_n call_v the_o norman_n to_o enter_v southwales_n to_o who_o he_o join_v his_o power_n of_o gwentland_n and_o give_v meredith_n the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v he_o upon_o the_o river_n rympyn_n about_o this_o time_n the_o norman_n bring_v great_a force_n into_o westwales_n by_o sea_n and_o destroy_v dynet_n and_o the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o carry_v away_o much_o spoil_v and_o do_v so_o likewise_o the_o year_n follow_v bleythyd_n bishop_n of_o menevia_n or_o saint_n david_n die_v about_o this_o time_n and_o sulien_n be_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n radulf_n earl_n of_o east_n angle_n his_o mother_n come_v out_o of_o wales_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o welshman_n assist_v he_o against_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 11._o matth._n west_n lib._n 2._o fol._n 6_o math._n parker_n p._n 11._o for_o ranulf_n send_v for_o many_o of_o his_o mother_n friend_n and_o kinsman_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o meaning_n through_o their_o aid_n and_o procurement_n to_o get_v the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o his_o enterprise_n but_o william_n have_v notice_n of_o this_o plot_n and_o come_v before_o he_o be_v send_v for_o he_o hang_v some_o of_o the_o welshman_n among_o other_o put_v our_o the_o eye_n of_o many_o and_o banish_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o year_n 1073._o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convin_n king_n of_o wales_n be_v traitorous_o and_o cowardly_o murder_v by_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o ystrad_n tywy_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v wales_n thirteen_o year_n this_o man_n be_v very_o liberal_a and_o merciful_a do_v justice_n and_o equity_n all_o his_o reign_n he_o have_v divers_a woman_n and_o many_o child_n first_o meredith_n by_o haer_fw-mi daughter_n to_o gythyn_n lywarck_n and_o cadogan_n by_o another_o woman_n madâ—e_n and_o ryrid_a by_o the_o three_o jorwerth_n by_o the_o four_o trahern_n the_o son_n of_o caradoc_n after_o the_o death_n of_o blethyn_n trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n his_o cousin_n german_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n of_o north-wales_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o rytherck_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n do_v jont_o rule_v southwales_n then_o gruffith_n son_n to_o conan_n son_n to_o jago_n or_o james_n right_a inheritor_n of_o north-wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o succour_n with_o his_o brethren_n encumalhon_n king_n of_o vltonia_fw-la and_o ranalht_n and_o mathaw_v have_v deliver_v he_o and_o land_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n kynwric_n ap_fw-mi rynalbon_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o maelor_n or_o bromfield_n be_v slay_v in_o north-wales_n this_o year_n also_o gronow_v and_o lhewelin_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v join_v their_o power_n with_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherck_n to_o revenge_v their_o grandfather_n death_n and_o then_o fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v camdhwc_n where_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n obtain_v the_o victory_n short_o after_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n pass_v over_o the_o water_n from_o môn_n to_o the_o main_a land_n and_o trabern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n meet_v with_o he_o at_o bronyrew_n where_o gruffith_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o retire_v back_o to_o the_o isle_n year_n 1074_o in_o the_o year_n 1074._o rytherc_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v slay_v by_o treason_n of_o his_o own_o cousin_n german_n meyrchaon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi rytherc_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rule_v southwales_n alone_o nevertheless_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n gather_v their_o power_n and_o come_v against_o he_o and_o fight_v with_o he_o the_o second_o time_n at_o gwaynyttyd_n where_o he_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o yet_o he_o gather_v new_a force_n and_o keep_v the_o land_n still_o then_o trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n move_v his_o force_n against_o rees_n who_o bold_o meet_v he_o with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pwlhgwttic_a where_o after_o long_o fight_v rees_n be_v put_v to_o slight_v and_o after_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n he_o flee_v from_o place_n to_o place_n fear_v all_o thing_n like_o a_o stag_n that_o have_v be_v late_o chase_v which_o mistrust_v every_o noise_n but_o at_o the_o last_o he_o with_o his_o brother_n howel_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o caradoc_n aâ—_n gruffith_n who_o slay_v they_o both_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o noble_a prince_n blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n at_o this_o time_n sulien_n archbishop_n of_o saint_n david_n do_v forsake_v his_o bishopric_n and_o abraham_n be_v choose_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n year_n 1077_o in_o the_o year_n 1077._o rees_n the_o son_n of_o theodore_n the_o son_n of_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n as_o right_a inheritor_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n claim_v the_o same_o and_o the_o people_n receive_v he_o with_o much_o joy_n and_o make_v he_o their_o prince_n the_o next_o year_n menevia_n be_v all_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v by_o stranger_n and_o abraham_n the_o bishop_n die_v after_o who_o death_n sulien_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v the_o bishopric_n again_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n do_v bring_v a_o great_a army_n of_o irishman_n and_o scot_n into_o wales_n and_o join_v with_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n as_o two_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o
or_o kemey_n vert_fw-fr on_o a_o cheveron_n arg_n 3_o pheon_n sable_a gunter_n sable_n a_o cheveron_n inter_fw-la 3_o gantlel_n clutchc_a or_o havert_n arg_n a_o bull_n head_n cabose_v inter_v 3_o mulet_n gules_a walbeise_v arg_n 3_o bulle_a pale_a way_n gules_a arm_v &_o ungule_v or_o gamage_n arg_n a_o bend_v losengy_a gules_a on_o a_o chief_a azure_a 3_o escallop_n or_o wiston_n gules_a a_o cheron_o ermine_n maunsell_n arg_n a_o cheron_o between_o 3_o maunche_n sable_a about_o this_o time_n or_o short_o after_o bernard_n newmarsh_n a_o noble_a man_n also_o of_o normandy_n obtain_v by_o conquest_n the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n contain_v three_o cantred_n and_o marry_a nest_n the_o daughter_n of_o nest_n daughter_n to_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelin_fw-mi prince_n of_o waleâ—_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n mahael_n and_o a_o daughter_n this_o mahael_n be_v a_o worthy_a knight_n be_v disinherited_a by_o the_o malice_n of_o his_o own_o mother_n who_o contrary_a to_o the_o matrimonial_a duty_n keep_v unlawful_a company_n with_o a_o knight_n who_o she_o set_v more_o by_o then_o her_o husband_n whereupon_o mahael_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o dissolute_a life_n of_o his_o mother_n warn_v she_o to_o avoid_v infamy_n and_o on_o a_o time_n meet_v with_o the_o say_a knight_n come_v from_o she_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o hurt_v he_o wherefore_o nest_n to_o be_v revenge_v of_o her_o son_n for_o that_o fact_n go_v to_o k._n henry_n the_o first_o and_o solemn_o camb._n gerald_n itin._n camb._n rather_o of_o malice_n and_o revengement_n as_o giraldus_n note_v then_o of_o any_o truth_n swear_v upon_o the_o evangelist_n that_o the_o say_v mahael_n her_o son_n be_v not_o beget_v by_o bernard_n newmarsh_n her_o husband_n but_o by_o another_o lover_n of_o she_o by_o reason_n of_o which_o oath_n or_o perjury_n rather_o as_o giraldus_n think_v mahael_n be_v disinherit_v and_o his_o sister_n who_o the_o mother_n affirm_v to_o be_v the_o very_a daughter_n of_o bernard_n be_v by_o the_o say_a king_n with_o the_o whole_a inheritance_n country_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o confess_v the_o welshman_n to_o be_v the_o lawful_a inheritor_n of_o the_o country_n bestow_v upon_o milo_n the_o son_n of_o walter_n the_o constable_n who_o be_v after_o create_v earl_n of_o hereford_n lord_n of_o gloucester_n brecknock_n and_o the_o forest_n of_o dean_n this_o milo_n earl_n of_o hereford_n tell_v king_n henry_n the_o first_o of_o the_o sing_n and_o triumph_v of_o bird_n by_o the_o pool_n call_v lhyn_a sanathan_n at_o the_o pass_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n the_o say_a milo_n a_o pini-fitz-john_n lord_n of_o ewyas_n land_n be_v present_a whereunto_o the_o king_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v wonder_v at_o so_o much_o for_o in_o truth_n say_v he_o we_o by_o our_o great_a force_n and_o strength_n do_v offer_v injury_n and_o violence_n to_o that_o nation_n yet_o be_v they_o well_o know_v to_o be_v the_o lawful_a inheritor_n of_o hat_n country_n the_o son_n of_o this_o milo_n die_v all_o without_o issue_n yet_o he_o leave_v three_o daughter_n first_o margaret_z marry_v to_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohune_n in_o her_o right_a earl_n of_o hereford_n wales_n many_o if_o not_o most_o of_o the_o english_a nobility_n by_o this_o match_n descend_v of_o the_o welsh_a blood_n henry_n the_o four_o descend_v from_o lhewelin_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n from_o which_o match_n and_o so_o consequent_o from_o bernard_n newmarsh_n his_o wife_n daughter_n of_o nest_n who_o be_v daughter_n of_o another_o nest_n daughter_n from_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o all_o wales_n most_o of_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n descend_v from_o lhewelyn_n the_o great_a prince_n for_o the_o last_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohune_n earl_n of_o hereford_n essex_n and_o northampton_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n have_v issue_n two_o daughter_n and_o heir_n elinor_n the_o elder_a be_v marry_v unto_o thomas_n plantagenet_n alias_z thomas_z of_o woodstock_n the_o six_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o who_o be_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o create_a earl_n of_o buckingham_n and_o after_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o in_o her_o right_a earl_n of_o essex_n northampton_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n marry_o the_o second_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o henry_n plantagenet_n alias_z bullingbrook_n earl_n of_o derby_n after_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o wales_n plantagâ—nets_n staffords_n and_o bovochier_n from_o lhewelin_n prince_n of_o wales_n the_o say_v thomas_n plantagenet_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n etc._n etc._n have_v humphrey_n lord_n of_o brecknock_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o four_o daughter_n heir_n after_o their_o brother_n ann_n the_o eld_n stmarried_a to_o edmund_n stafford_n earl_n of_o stafford_z who_o by_o she_o have_v issue_n humphrey_n earl_n of_o stafford_n hereford_n and_o northampton_n lord_n of_o brecknock_n etc._n etc._n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a ann_n be_v marry_v to_o william_n viscount_n bourchier_n create_v earl_n of_o ewe_n in_o france_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o father_n of_o henry_n create_v earl_n of_o essex_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o this_o humphrey_n earl_n of_o stafford_n be_v create_v duke_n of_o buckingham_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_o and_o so_o the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n come_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o by_o the_o attainder_n of_o edward_n the_o last_o duke_n of_o that_o family_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o let_v we_o return_v again_o to_o the_o daughter_n of_o milo_n you_o see_v what_o gallant_a issue_n proceed_v from_o the_o first_o second_o bersa_n the_o second_o daughter_n be_v marry_v unto_o philip_n bruse_n create_v by_o king_n stephan_n lord_n bruse_n of_o gower_n bould_n and_o brimber_n and_o in_o his_o wife_n right_a lord_n of_o brecknock_n thirdy_n lucia_n the_o three_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o herbert_n the_o son_n of_o herbert_n a_o base_a son_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o who_o be_v in_o she_o right_o lord_n of_o all_o the_o forest_n of_o dean_n of_o who_o descend_v the_o fitz-herberts_n of_o derbyshire_n proper_o awbury_n walbeif_n gunter_n and_o hanara_n no_o welshmen_n proper_o with_o bernard_n newmarsh_n before_o speak_v of_o there_o come_v many_o gentleman_n at_o that_o time_n to_o brecknock_n upon_o who_o he_o bestow_v divers_a manor_n as_o to_o the_o awbery_n the_o manor_n of_o abercynrick_n and_o slouch_n to_o the_o walbeife_n the_o manor_n of_o lhanhamlack_a and_o taly_n lhyn_n and_o to_o the_o gunter'_v the_o manor_n of_o gilston_n to_o the_o hanard_n the_o manor_n of_o pont_n willym_n a_o easy_a matter_n to_o cut_v large_a thong_n out_o of_o another_o man_n hide_n about_o this_o time_n cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n destroy_v all_o dynet_n in_o the_o end_n of_o april_n and_o short_o after_o the_o same_o summer_n the_o norman_n in_o great_a company_n land_v in_o dynet_n or_o westwales_n and_o caerdigan_n and_o build_v castle_n there_o and_o so_o begin_v to_o inhabit_v the_o country_n upon_o the_o seashore_n the_o norman_n have_v get_v into_o their_o hand_n all_o the_o land_n and_o live_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n begin_v to_o pry_v and_o peep_v into_o the_o commodity_n of_o wales_n and_o see_v that_o robert_n fitz-hamon_n and_o other_o knight_n that_o go_v with_o he_o have_v speed_v so_o well_o they_o make_v suit_n to_o the_o king_n to_o grant_v they_o the_o land_n of_o the_o welshman_n whereupon_o the_o king_n think_v that_o to_o be_v the_o best_a way_n for_o he_o as_o well_o to_o encourage_v they_o to_o be_v more_o willing_a to_o serve_v he_o as_o also_o to_o provide_v for_o they_o at_o other_o man_n cost_n grant_v to_o divers_a of_o his_o noble_n sundry_a country_n in_o wales_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o knight_n service_n for_o the_o which_o they_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v fealty_n unto_o he_o as_o follow_v first_o roger_n montgomery_n earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o salop_n do_v his_o homage_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o powis_n and_o caerdigan_n second_o hugh_n lupus_n earl_n of_o chester_n do_v homage_n for_o tegengel_n and_o rynonioc_n with_o all_o the_o land_n by_o the_o seashore_n unto_o the_o river_n of_o conwey_n three_o arnulph_n a_o young_a son_n of_o roger_n montgomery_n for_o dinet_n four_o bernard_n newmarch_n for_o brecknock_n five_o ralph_n mortimer_n for_o eluel_n six_o hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n for_o the_o land_n of_o ewye_n seven_o eustace_n cruer_n for_o molde_n and_o hopedale_n and_o many_o other_o for_o other_o land_n call_v montgomery_z why_o so_o call_v then_o roger_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n to_o who_o the_o conqueror_n have_v give_v powis_n enter_v the_o land_n and_o win_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o baldwyn_n which_o he_o fortify_v and_o call_v it_o montgomery_n after_o his_o own_o name_n about_o this_o time_n also_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conon_n
king_n of_o north-wales_n with_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o then_o rule_v southwales_n enter_v the_o land_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o norman_n be_v not_o able_a any_o long_o to_o suffer_v their_o great_a pride_n and_o cruelty_n but_o after_o their_o return_n the_o english_a captain_n send_v to_o england_n for_o more_o man_n and_o think_v private_o to_o make_v a_o road_n into_o north-wales_n which_o journey_n be_v discover_v unto_o cadogan_n who_o gather_v his_o power_n and_o meet_v with_o they_o in_o the_o wood_n or_o forest_n of_o yspys_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o with_o great_a hue_n and_o cry_n and_o they_o defend_v themselves_o manful_o but_o in_o the_o end_n they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n with_o great_a loss_n and_o cadogan_n follow_v they_o hard_a and_o spoil_v the_o country_n of_o cadogan_n and_o dinet_n and_o destroy_v all_o the_o castle_n save_v two_o which_o be_v pembroke_n and_o rydeor_n which_o he_o can_v not_o get_v and_o so_o return_v to_o powis_n with_o much_o joy_n home_o king_n rufus_n not_o able_a to_o prevail_v against_o the_o welsh_a to_o his_o dishonour_n return_v home_o year_n 1093_o in_o the_o year_n 1093._o the_o norman_n that_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o glamorgan_n spoil_v the_o territory_n of_o kydwely_n and_o yâ—rad_n tywy_a and_o leave_v they_o without_o any_o inhabitant_n when_o william_n rufus_n have_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o well_o in_o cheshire_n shropshire_n worcestershire_n and_o herefordshire_n as_o in_o wales_n which_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n and_o the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n convyn_n have_v do_v he_o gather_v his_o power_n together_o and_o enter_v wales_n at_o mountgomery_n which_o castle_n be_v late_o overthrow_v by_o the_o welshman_n he_o re-edify_v again_o but_o the_o welshman_n keep_v so_o the_o strait_n of_o the_o mountain_n with_o the_o wood_n and_o river_n that_o the_o king_n do_v no_o good_a but_o lose_v his_o labour_n and_o his_o man_n therefore_o he_o return_v back_o to_o his_o great_a dishonour_n year_n 1094_o in_o the_o year_n 1094._o die_v william_n the_o son_n of_o baldwyn_n who_o at_o the_o king_n commandment_n have_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o rydcor_n after_o who_o death_n the_o castle_n be_v forsake_v by_o his_o man_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o gwyr_n brecknock_n gwent_n and_o ggo_v ihwc_n themselves_o welshmen_n hardly_o overcome_v unless_o by_o treason_n among_o themselves_o cast_v from_o their_o neck_n the_o burden_n of_o the_o norman_n that_o have_v win_v their_o country_n and_o hold_v they_o in_o subjection_n and_o chase_v they_o out_o of_o their_o territory_n but_o short_o after_o they_o return_v again_o with_o great_a power_n then_o the_o countryman_n detest_a their_o insolency_n meet_v with_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v celly_n tarvawc_n and_o courageous_o encounter_v they_o so_o that_o they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n with_o great_a slaughter_n and_o chase_v they_o back_o again_o out_o of_o the_o land_n nevertheless_o the_o greedy_a norman_n will_v not_o give_v over_o but_o recruit_v return_v again_o to_o brecknockshire_n make_v a_o vow_n to_o leave_v no_o live_a thing_n within_o that_o country_n it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o reckon_v before_o my_o host_n nor_o count_v our_o chicken_n before_o they_o be_v hatch_v for_o the_o country_n people_n fly_v before_o they_o stay_v at_o a_o strait_a passage_n and_o kill_v many_o of_o they_o about_o this_o time_n roger_n montgomery_n earl_n of_o salop_n and_o arundel_n 153._o powel_n fol._n 153._o and_o william_n fitz_n eustace_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n though_o i_o read_v of_o no_o such_o man_n for_o master_n mill_n fol._n 358._o as_o also_o other_o author_n set_v robert_n base_a son_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o first_o earl_n of_o that_o place_n arnold_n the_o harecourt_n and_o neale_n le_fw-fr viscount_n be_v slay_v between_o cardiff_n and_o brecknock_n by_o the_o welshman_n and_o walter_n evereux_n earl_n of_o sarum_n who_o die_v in_o normandy_n and_o hugh_n earl_n gurney_n be_v there_o hurt_v patrick_n de_fw-fr evereux_n be_v first_o earl_n of_o sarum_n or_o salisbury_n create_v so_o by_o king_n stephen_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v in_o this_o time_n but_o it_o be_v he_o that_o be_v son_n to_o walter_n evereux_n 1034._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 1034._o who_o build_v the_o abbey_n of_o bradenstock_n 1139._o the_o five_o of_o king_n stephen_n and_o be_v a_o old_a man_n do_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n there_o other_o say_v this_o walter_n be_v earl_n of_o rosemer_n when_o the_o norman_n see_v that_o they_o have_v all_o the_o loss_n they_o man_v and_o victual_v the_o castle_n which_o former_o they_o have_v build_v and_o return_v home_o but_o in_o their_o retreat_n gruffith_n and_o ivor_n the_o son_n of_o edverth_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n meet_v they_o unexpected_o at_o aberlhech_n and_o encounter_v they_o slay_v most_o part_n of_o they_o the_o rest_n escape_v into_o england_n notwithstanding_o the_o norman_a captain_n defend_v the_o castle_n valiant_o and_o keep_v they_o till_o they_o be_v drive_v by_o force_n for_o safeguard_n of_o their_o life_n to_o forsake_v they_o then_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n possess_v their_o own_o quiet_o moreover_o certain_a lord_n of_o north-wales_n namely_o vokth_v the_o son_n of_o edwin_n ap_fw-mi grono_n and_o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n with_o the_o child_n of_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n of_o powis_n land_n norman_a pembroke_n castle_n build_v by_o a_o norman_a gather_v a_o competent_a army_n and_o pass_v through_o caerdiganshire_n to_o dynet_n which_o country_n a_o little_a before_o the_o king_n have_v give_v to_o arnulph_n son_n to_o roger_n montgomery_n who_o have_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o pembroke_n and_o appoint_a keeper_n and_o governor_n thereof_o one_o giraldo_n de_fw-fr windsor_n and_o there_o burn_v spoil_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n except_o pembroke_n castle_n which_o they_o can_v not_o win_v and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o great_a booty_n after_o the_o return_n of_o these_o lord_n girald_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n and_o spoil_v the_o land_n of_o saint_n david_n and_o take_v many_o prisoner_n the_o year_n follow_v william_n rufus_n return_v from_o normandy_n to_o england_n danger_n fast_v and_o prayer_n use_v by_o the_o welsh_a in_o their_o great_a danger_n and_o hear_v of_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n commit_v by_o the_o welshman_n gather_v all_o his_o force_n and_o with_o great_a pomp_n and_o pride_n enter_v wales_n but_o the_o britain_n fear_v the_o great_a strength_n of_o the_o king_n put_v all_o their_o hope_n only_o in_o almighty_a god_n return_v to_o he_o in_o fast_v prayer_n and_o repentance_n of_o their_o sin_n and_o he_o that_o never_o forsake_v the_o penitent_a and_o contrite_a heart_n hear_v their_o prayer_n so_o that_o the_o norman_n and_o englishman_n dare_v not_o enter_v the_o land_n but_o such_o as_o presume_v be_v slay_v and_o the_o king_n return_v with_o small_a honour_n after_o he_o have_v build_v certain_a castle_n in_o the_o march_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v viz._n 1096._o montgomery_n the_o arm_n of_o hugh_n montgomery_n hugh_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n who_o as_o his_o father_n before_o he_o have_v for_o his_o arm_n azure_a a_o lion_n rampant_a or_o within_o a_o border_n his_o father_n before_o speak_v of_o build_v the_o abbey_n of_o shrewsbury_n wherein_o he_o be_v bury_v the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o salop_n who_o the_o welshman_n call_v hugh_n goch_n that_o be_v hugh_z with_o the_o red_a head_n and_z hugh_z vral_n that_o be_v hugh_n the_o fat_a earl_n of_o chester_n who_o bear_v for_o his_o arm_n azure_a six_o garb_n 3_o 2._o and_o 1._o or._n and_o many_o noble_n more_o do_v gather_v a_o strong_a and_o powerful_a army_n and_o enter_v into_o north-wales_n destroyer_n the_o welsh_a ever_o their_o own_o destroyer_n be_v thereto_o move_v by_o certain_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n but_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n the_o prince_n and_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n flee_v to_o the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n for_o their_o defence_n as_o not_o be_v of_o force_n sufficient_a to_o fight_v the_o earl_n neither_o dare_v they_o well_o trust_v their_o own_o man_n and_o so_o the_o earl_n approach_v the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n where_o they_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o aberthiennawc_n then_o gruffith_n and_o cadogan_n go_v to_o anglesey_n think_v to_o defend_v the_o isle_n norman_n aberthiennawe_v castle_n build_v by_o the_o norman_n and_o send_v for_o succour_n to_o ireland_n but_o find_v there_o little_a comfort_n and_o now_o the_o treason_n begin_v to_o break_v forth_o for_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n who_o be_v the_o prince_n chief_a counsellor_n and_o his_o father_n in_o law_n who_o daughter_n gruffith_n have_v marry_v have_v himself_o also_o marry_v everyth_v the_o daughter_n of_o convyn_n aunt_n to_o cadogan_n be_v the_o chief_a caller_n of_o
cadogan_n keep_v himself_o private_o in_o powis_n and_o send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o declare_v and_o manifest_v his_o innocency_n the_o king_n allow_v of_o his_o submission_n and_o allegation_n and_o grant_v that_o he_o shall_v remain_v in_o the_o country_n and_o enjoy_v the_o town_n and_o land_n which_o he_o have_v by_o his_o wife_n for_o she_o be_v daughter_n to_o a_o lord_n of_o normandy_n call_v pigot_n de_fw-fr say_n then_o madoc_n and_o ithel_n his_o two_o nephew_n divide_v such_o land_n as_o he_o and_o his_o son_n owen_n have_v in_o powis_n betwixt_o they_o and_o rule_v it_o very_o evil_a for_o they_o can_v never_o agree_v among_o themselves_o within_o a_o while_n after_o cadogan_n make_v such_o friend_n to_o the_o king_n that_o pay_v 100_o pound_n fine_a he_o shall_v enjoy_v his_o land_n again_o in_o caerdigan_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v return_v to_o their_o house_n and_o manure_v and_o till_o their_o ground_n for_o the_o king_n have_v give_v commandment_n that_o no_o welshmen_n nor_o norman_n shall_v dwell_v within_o caerdigan_n when_o they_o that_o be_v in_o ireland_n understand_v this_o they_o return_v private_o and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o house_n of_o their_o kindred_n and_o friend_n after_o who_o owen_n follow_v but_o not_o to_o cadogan_n for_o his_o father_n have_v receive_v that_o land_n upon_o such_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o suffer_v owen_n to_o come_v therein_o nor_o aid_v he_o either_o by_o counsel_n money_n or_o man_n howbeit_o owen_n come_v to_o powis_n and_o will_v glad_o have_v send_v messenger_n unto_o the_o king_n but_o he_o can_v get_v no_o man_n that_o will_v venture_v to_o speak_v to_o he_o much_o about_o this_o time_n there_o happen_v â—ome_o variance_n between_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o marsh_n about_o certain_a fellow_n of_o england_n that_o have_v flee_v to_o he_o for_o succour_n who_o the_o bishop_n send_v for_o but_o can_v not_o get_v wherefore_o he_o be_v high_o displease_v with_o he_o riryd_n understand_v hereof_o send_v to_o owen_n and_o desire_v his_o friendship_n who_o great_a enemy_n he_o be_v before_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o be_v make_v friend_n and_o swear_v each_o to_o other_o that_o neither_o of_o they_o shall_v betray_v the_o other_o nor_o agree_v by_o himself_o with_o the_o king_n or_o his_o officer_n without_o the_o other_o and_o thereupon_o they_o burn_v and_o spoil_v the_o land_n of_o such_o as_o they_o love_v not_o and_o destroy_v all_o thing_n that_o they_o meet_v withal_o this_o year_n appear_v a_o terrible_a comet_n and_o the_o king_n take_v into_o consideration_n jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o he_o have_v keep_v long_o in_o prison_n and_o send_v to_o know_v of_o he_o what_o fine_a he_o will_v pay_v to_o have_v his_o liberty_n and_o he_o promise_v the_o king_n 300_o pound_n or_o the_o worth_n thereof_o in_o cattle_n or_o horse_n then_o the_o king_n set_v he_o at_o liberty_n and_o give_v he_o his_o land_n again_o and_o give_v ten_o pound_n of_o that_o money_n to_o henry_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n by_o the_o daughter_n of_o pigot_n all_o this_o while_n owen_n and_o madoc_n be_v burn_v and_o plunder_v the_o englishman_n and_o norman_n and_o ever_o withdraw_v themselves_o to_o the_o land_n of_o jorwerth_n which_o thing_n grieve_v he_o great_o whereupon_o he_o send_v word_n of_o his_o danger_n desire_v they_o to_o spare_v his_o land_n and_o cadogan_n for_o if_o it_o be_v know_v that_o they_o come_v in_o any_o of_o they_o the_o land_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n when_o owen_n and_o ryrid_n hear_v this_o they_o frequent_v his_o territory_n the_o more_o often_o then_o former_o which_o jorwerth_n perceive_v chase_v they_o quite_o away_o then_o he_o go_v to_o the_o country_n of_o vchtryd_v in_o merionethshire_n and_o the_o son_n of_o vchtrid_n send_v word_n to_o their_o people_n to_o withstand_v they_o and_o so_o they_o do_v for_o meet_v they_o by_o the_o way_n they_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o owen_n and_o madoc_n defend_v themselves_o manful_o but_o at_o the_o last_o they_o and_o their_o man_n be_v drive_v back_o so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v owen_n to_o caerdigan_n to_o his_o father_n country_n and_o madoc_n to_o powis_n then_o owen_n with_o his_o companion_n make_v divers_a road_n to_o dynet_n and_o spoil_v it_o carrying_z away_o both_o man_n and_o cattle_n to_o the_o ship_n that_o come_v from_o ireland_n and_o after_o ransom_v they_o and_o then_o gather_v fresh_a recrute_n he_o set_v upon_o a_o town_n of_o the_o fleming_n and_o fire_v it_o return_v from_o thence_o to_o gaerdigan_n nothing_o value_v his_o father_n danger_n or_o the_o king_n displeasure_n at_o this_o time_n it_o chance_v that_o owen_n man_n among_o other_o mischief_n sacrilege_n owen_n guilty_a first_o of_o a_o rape_n and_o now_o murder_n and_o sacrilege_n lay_v wait_v for_o a_o bishop_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n who_o name_n be_v william_n the_o brabant_n and_o slay_v he_o and_o all_o his_o man_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o agitation_n jorwerth_n and_o cadogan_n be_v at_o the_o court_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o king_n concern_v certain_a business_n of_o their_o own_o and_o as_o the_o king_n talk_v with_o they_o behold_v there_o come_v in_o a_o fleming_n brother_n to_o the_o murder_a bishop_n who_o make_v a_o exclamation_n how_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogans_n man_n have_v slay_v his_o brother_n and_o many_o more_o and_o how_o they_o be_v succour_v in_o cadogans_n land_n the_o king_n hereupon_o high_o displease_v ask_v cadogan_n what_o he_o can_v say_v to_o the_o matter_n and_o he_o lay_v all_o the_o fault_n upon_o his_o son_n excuse_v himself_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v then_o say_v the_o king_n to_o cadogan_n see_v thou_o can_v not_o keep_v thy_o own_o but_o that_o thy_o son_n and_o his_o adherent_n shall_v be_v succour_v there_o in_o their_o disorder_n i_o will_v give_v it_o to_o one_o that_o shall_v keep_v they_o out_o here_o i_o will_v maintain_v thou_o all_o thy_o life_n at_o my_o proper_a charge_n charge_v thou_o upon_o thy_o allegiance_n that_o thou_o enter_v not_o into_o wales_n until_o such_o time_n as_o i_o have_v take_v further_a order_n and_o so_o the_o king_n give_v he_o twenty_o day_n and_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n to_o go_v whether_o he_o will_v wales_n except_v when_o owen_n and_o madoc_n hear_v this_o they_o depart_v to_o ireland_n the_o king_n forthwith_o send_v for_o gilbert_n surname_v strongbow_n this_o gilbert_n be_v young_a son_n of_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n lord_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o clare_n in_o suffolk_n and_o grandchild_n of_o robert_n fitz-gilbert_n and_o rohesia_n his_o wife_n daughter_n to_o walter_n gilford_n earl_n of_o longeville_n in_o normandy_n 1131._o chepflow_v and_o strigul_n once_o belong_v to_o the_o clares_z tyntern_n abbey_n found_v by_o walter_n clare_n lord_n of_o caerwent_n and_o uncle_n to_o gilbert_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigul_n 1131._o this_o gilbert_n be_v lord_n of_o chepstow_n and_o strigul_n castle_n in_o monmothshire_n part_n of_o who_o ruin_n yet_o remain_v who_o for_o his_o much_o keep_n of_o that_o castle_n be_v common_o call_v earl_n of_o strigul_n he_o give_v doglesdon_n to_o the_o church_n of_o worcester_n and_o in_o a_o certain_a deed_n where_o he_o give_v land_n to_o a_o abbey_n gilbert_n de_fw-fr gurney_n richard_n son_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o henry_n maltravers_n be_v witness_n he_o be_v entitle_v earl_n of_o pembrock_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o rape_n of_o penensel_n his_o uncle_n walter_n de_fw-fr clare_n be_v lord_n of_o caerwent_n in_o monthmoshire_n and_o the_o marsh_n of_o leigh_n by_o tunbridge_n and_o found_v tyntern_n abbey_n in_o wales_n not_o far_o from_o strigul_n 1131._o this_o gilbert_n the_o fourtenth_n of_o king_n stephen_n 1149._o have_v be_v earl_n of_o pembrock_n and_o strigul_n ten_o year_n who_o arm_n be_v or_o three_o cheverens_n gules_a a_o label_n of_o five_o b._n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o history_n the_o king_n therefore_o send_v for_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o strigul_n who_o be_v a_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a knight_n to_o who_o he_o say_v thus_o thou_o have_v be_v divers_a time_n a_o suitor_n to_o i_o to_o have_v some_o land_n in_o wales_n and_o now_o i_o give_v thou_o all_o the_o land_n and_o inheritance_n of_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n win_v it_o and_o take_v it_o gilbert_n receive_v it_o joyful_o and_o thank_v the_o king_n and_o gather_v force_n and_o land_v in_o caerdiganshire_n and_o bring_v the_o country_n to_o his_o subjection_n without_o any_o opposall_n where_o he_o build_v two_o fair_a castle_n one_o towards_o north-wales_n upon_o the_o river_n ystwyth_n at_o the_o sea_n shore_n a_o mile_n from_o lhanbadarn_n a_o other_o towards_o dynet_n upon_o the_o river_n teini_n at_o a_o place_n call_v dyngerant_a where_o roger_n
montgomery_n have_v begin_v a_o castle_n before_o and_o short_o after_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n return_v from_o ireland_n because_o he_o can_v not_o well_o brook_v the_o manner_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o irishman_n and_o be_v arrive_v come_v to_o the_o country_n of_o his_o uncle_n jorwerth_n who_o hear_v that_o and_o fear_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o land_n as_o his_o brother_n cadogan_n have_v do_v make_v a_o proclamation_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v aid_v he_o but_o take_v he_o as_o a_o enemy_n which_o when_o madoc_n understand_v he_o entice_v many_o unthrift_n and_o outlaw_n and_o keep_v himself_o in_o the_o rock_n and_o wood_n contrive_v how_o he_o may_v be_v revenge_v on_o jorwerth_n for_o so_o great_a a_o discourtesy_n as_o he_o imagine_v and_o thereupon_o conclude_v a_o friendship_n private_o with_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahearn_n who_o hate_v jorwerth_n to_o death_n and_o have_v intelligence_n that_o jorwerth_n lie_v one_o night_n at_o caerneon_n they_o two_o gather_v all_o their_o strength_n and_o environ_v the_o house_n about_o midnight_n which_o jorwerth_n and_o his_o man_n perceive_v arm_a themselves_o and_o defend_v the_o place_n till_o their_o foe_n set_v it_o on_o fire_n which_o when_o jorwerth_n man_n perceive_v every_o one_o shift_v for_o himself_o so_o that_o some_o be_v slay_v other_o burn_v few_o escape_n jorwerth_n have_v the_o true_a heart_n of_o a_o noble_a prince_n choose_v rather_o to_o adventure_v and_o manful_o to_o die_v with_o sword_n in_o hand_n then_o to_o be_v burn_v without_o a_o glorious_a action_n come_v out_o but_o his_o merciless_a enemy_n receive_v he_o with_o the_o point_n of_o their_o spear_n and_o violent_o cast_v he_o into_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o rage_a fire_n where_o that_o gallant_a man_n pay_v what_o be_v due_a to_o nature_n death_n yet_o by_o which_o his_o name_n be_v eternize_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n understand_v this_o he_o call_v cadogan_n before_o he_o and_o give_v he_o his_o brother_n land_n which_o be_v powis_n and_o promise_v owen_n his_o pardon_n will_v his_o father_n to_o send_v he_o to_o ireland_n when_o madoc_n see_v his_o other_o uncle_n cadogan_n rule_v the_o country_n he_o hide_v himself_o in_o rough_a and_o desert_a place_n and_o add_v one_o mischief_n upon_o a_o other_o determine_v also_o to_o murder_v he_o by_o one_o way_n or_o a_o other_o therefore_o after_o cadogan_n have_v bring_v the_o country_n to_o some_o stay_n of_o quietness_n and_o administer_v justice_n therein_o have_v ever_o a_o eye_n and_o respect_n to_o the_o king_n he_o come_v to_o trallwug_v now_o call_v pool_n and_o the_o elder_n of_o the_o country_n with_o he_o and_o determine_v to_o dwell_v there_o begin_v to_o build_v a_o castle_n but_o madoc_n hatch_n nothing_o but_o mischief_n hear_v this_o come_v sudden_o upon_o he_o and_o cadogan_n think_v no_o hurt_n be_v slay_v before_o he_o can_v either_o fight_n or_o fly_v after_o this_o madoc_n send_v incontinent_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n the_o king_n lieutenant_n at_o shrewsbury_n and_o entreat_v he_o to_o remember_v what_o he_o have_v promise_v when_o he_o chase_v owen_n out_o of_o his_o land_n for_o the_o bishop_n hate_v owen_n and_o cadogan_n and_o give_v madoc_n all_o such_o land_n as_o his_o brother_n ithel_n be_v possess_v of_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o both_o his_o brethren_n post_v to_o the_o king_n desire_v of_o he_o the_o land_n of_o jorwerth_n which_o cadogan_n have_v late_o obtain_v and_o the_o king_n give_v he_o the_o rule_n thereof_o till_o such_o time_n as_o owen_n son_n to_o cadogan_n shall_v come_v from_o ireland_n who_o come_v short_o after_o and_o go_v to_o the_o king_n who_o receive_v he_o to_o his_o peace_n and_o give_v he_o his_o land_n whereupon_o owen_n promise_v to_o the_o king_n a_o great_a fine_a and_o give_v pledge_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o same_o likewise_o madoc_n do_v fine_a to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o peace_n and_o land_n nevertheless_o the_o king_n wish_v he_o to_o take_v heed_n of_o the_o kinsfolk_n of_o such_o as_o he_o have_v murder_v upon_o his_o own_o peril_n year_n 1112_o in_o the_o year_n 1112._o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n send_v a_o party_n to_o make_v a_o inroad_n into_o the_o country_n of_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahearn_n ap_fw-mi gwyn_n who_o be_v meredyth_n and_o owen_n enemy_n as_o he_o that_o succour_v madoc_n to_o kill_v his_o uncle_n jorwerth_n and_o cadogan_n meredyth_n brethren_n these_o man_n as_o they_o pass_v through_o the_o country_n of_o madoc_n in_o the_o night_n meet_v with_o a_o man_n which_o belong_v to_o madoc_n all_o the_o welsh_a despair_v one_o of_o another_o make_v way_n for_o their_o enemy_n to_o subvert_v they_o all_o who_o they_o take_v and_o examine_v where_o his_o master_n be_v he_o at_o first_o say_v that_o he_o can_v not_o tell_v but_o be_v threaten_v with_o death_n he_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v not_o far_o from_o thence_o therefore_o they_o lay_v quiet_o all_o that_o night_n and_o in_o twilight_n next_o morning_n they_o come_v sudden_o upon_o madoc_n and_o his_o man_n where_o they_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o take_v madoc_n prisoner_n they_o bring_v he_o to_o their_o lord_n who_o be_v right_o glad_a thereof_o and_o secure_v his_o person_n till_o he_o have_v send_v word_n to_o his_o nephew_n owen_n who_o immediate_o upon_o the_o news_n repair_v thither_o life_n a_o great_a courtesy_n no_o question_n to_o put_v out_o a_o man_n eye_n and_o save_v his_o life_n then_o meredyth_n deliver_v madoc_n unto_o he_o and_o albeit_o he_o have_v slay_v owen_n father_n his_o own_o uncle_n yet_o owen_n remember_v the_o friendship_n and_o oath_n that_o have_v be_v betwixt_o they_o in_o time_n past_a will_v not_o put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n let_v he_o go_v then_o meredyth_n and_o owen_n divide_v the_o land_n betwixt_o they_o which_o be_v caerneon_n aberhiw_n and_o the_o three_o part_n of_o deuthwr_n year_n 1113_o the_o year_n follow_v king_n henry_n prepare_v a_o army_n against_o wales_n be_v thereunto_o provoke_v by_o such_o as_o will_v have_v the_o welshman_n land_n to_o wit_n gilbert_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigyl_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v give_v caerdigan_n who_o make_v grievous_a complaint_n against_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n declare_v that_o he_o receive_v and_o maintain_v such_o as_o rob_v and_o plunder_v the_o country_n also_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n say_v no_o less_o by_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n oath_n a_o rash_a and_o unchristian_a oath_n how_o that_o his_o man_n and_o the_o man_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n lord_n of_o tegengl_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o cheshire_n add_v to_o aggravate_v the_o matter_n that_o gruffith_n do_v neither_o acknowledge_v to_o owe_v service_n nor_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o king_n whereupon_o the_o king_n swear_v that_o he_o will_v not_o leave_v one_o live_a creature_n in_o north-wales_n and_o powis_n land_n but_o new_a colonize_v they_o then_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o three_o part_n the_o lead_n of_o the_o first_o he_o commit_v to_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o strygull_n doubt_n two_o great_a king_n against_o two_o petty_a prince_n a_o great_a conquest_n no_o doubt_n wherein_o be_v the_o whole_a power_n of_o all_o the_o four_o part_n of_o england_n and_o cornwall_n against_o southwales_n alexander_n king_n of_o scotland_n have_v the_o lead_n of_o the_o second_o division_n with_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n wherein_o the_o power_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o north_n be_v which_o go_v against_o north-wales_n and_o the_o king_n lead_v the_o three_o himself_o wherein_o be_v the_o strength_n of_o middle_a england_n then_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n fear_v this_o come_v and_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n but_o owen_n fear_v to_o commit_v himself_o to_o they_o who_o be_v so_o greedy_a of_o his_o land_n flee_v to_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n to_o north-wales_n whereupon_o the_o king_n turn_v all_o his_o strength_n that_o way_n come_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o murcastelh_n and_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n as_o far_o as_o pennant_n bachwy_n but_o the_o people_n flee_v to_o the_o mountain_n and_o wood_n and_o carry_v all_o their_o victual_n and_o cattle_n with_o they_o so_o that_o the_o king_n can_v not_o follow_v they_o and_o such_o of_o his_o man_n as_o enter_v the_o land_n be_v either_o slay_v or_o gall_v in_o the_o strait_n then_o the_o scottish_a king_n send_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o come_v and_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n and_o promise_v he_o the_o king_n peace_n but_o he_o be_v acquaint_v with_o such_o promise_n and_o will_v not_o the_o king_n therefore_o because_o he_o will_v not_o return_v without_o do_v something_o send_v to_o owen_n to_o come_v to_o he_o and_o to_o forsake_v the_o prince_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v
the_o bishopric_n though_o for_o the_o metropolitan_a dignity_n it_o be_v content_a to_o let_v st._n david_n have_v what_o be_v leave_v thereof_o the_o first_o bishop_n here_o of_o who_o be_v any_o good_a record_n be_v st._n dubritius_fw-la consecrate_v by_o saint_n lupus_n and_o germanus_n that_o time_n they_o come_v hither_o out_o of_o france_n for_o the_o extirpation_n of_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n the_o church_n he_o dedicate_v to_o st._n thelianus_n the_o next_o successor_n to_o st._n dubritius_fw-la found_v on_o the_o river_n taff_n and_o thence_o call_v landaff_n then_o in_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n signify_v a_o church_n or_o holy_a place_n a_o church_n very_o well_o endow_v by_o the_o munificence_n and_o piety_n of_o great_a person_n in_o those_o time_n so_o well_o that_o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o mr._n godwin_n that_o be_v it_o possess_v now_o of_o the_o ten_o part_n only_o of_o what_o once_o it_o have_v it_o may_v be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o rich_a church_n in_o all_o christendom_n the_o ruin_n of_o it_o come_v in_o the_o time_n of_o bish_n dunstan_n alias_o kitehin_n who_o thereupon_o be_v call_v fundi_n nostri_fw-la calamitas_fw-la by_o bish_n godwin_n the_o diocese_n contain_v only_a part_n of_o glamorganshire_n and_o part_n of_o monmothshire_n though_o the_o most_o of_o each_o and_o in_o those_o part_n 177_o parish_n whereof_o 98_o impropriation_n and_o for_o they_o one_o archdeacon_n which_o be_v call_v of_o lhandaff_n the_o bishopric_n be_v value_v in_o the_o king_n book_n 154_o l._n 14_o s._n 1_o d._n the_o clergy_n pay_v for_o their_o ten_o somewhat_o near_o the_o same_o viz._n 155_o l._n 5_o s._n 4_o d._n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v or_o may_v be_v observe_v if_o it_o please_v the_o reader_n that_o neither_o here_o nor_o at_o st._n david_n there_o be_v any_o dean_n 423._o godwin_n in_o landaff_n fol._n 423._o nor_o ever_o be_v in_o any_o of_o the_o time_n before_o we_o the_o bishop_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o several_a chapter_n and_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o archdeacon_n here_o as_o be_v the_o chaunter_n at_o st._n david_n the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o landaff_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v first_o build_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n lucius_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n christ_n 180._o but_o i_o perceive_v not_o that_o any_o bishop_n sit_v there_o before_o dubritius_fw-la who_o by_o germanus_n bishop_n of_o altisiodore_n landaff_n the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n and_o lupus_n of_o trecasia_n two_o bishop_n of_o france_n be_v remove_v to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o caerleon_n of_o the_o occasion_n of_o their_o double_a journey_n into_o these_o part_n for_o they_o be_v twice_o here_o and_o of_o dubritius_fw-la we_o have_v speak_v already_o so_o we_o must_v account_v st._n dubritius_fw-la the_o first_o bishop_n of_o lhandaff_n not_o that_o i_o deny_v any_o other_o to_o have_v sit_v there_o before_o he_o but_o because_o he_o be_v the_o first_o who_o name_n be_v remember_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a he_o have_v no_o predecessor_n because_o the_o memory_n of_o all_o his_o successor_n be_v so_o careful_o preserve_v st._n tebian_n alius_fw-la eliud_fw-la the_o second_o bishop_n be_v very_o noble_o bear_v and_o bring_v up_o under_o dubritius_fw-la his_o predecessor_n and_o saulinus_n together_o with_o st._n david_n i_o find_v deliver_v than_o soon_o after_o his_o come_n to_o the_o bishopric_n he_o be_v constrain_v by_o a_o strange_a disease_n reign_v in_o those_o part_n to_o fly_v into_o france_n whence_o after_o a_o season_n he_o return_v again_o bring_v home_n with_o he_o in_o three_o ship_n his_o countryman_n that_o have_v flee_v with_o he_o upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n he_o be_v afterward_o slay_v in_o the_o church_n of_o lân-delia-hechan_a by_o a_o certain_a noble_a man_n call_v guraeddan_n his_o cathedral_n church_n where_o it_o seem_v he_o be_v bury_v have_v ever_o since_o bear_v his_o name_n unto_o it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o man_n and_o his_o successor_n many_o king_n of_o england_n and_o prince_n of_o wales_n have_v give_v much_o land_n and_o grant_v many_o notable_a privilege_n among_o which_o these_o be_v account_v the_o chief_a benefactor_n king_n iddon_n the_o same_o of_o juyr_n grevent_v church_n benefactor_n to_o landaff_n church_n give_v lanerth_n with_o all_o the_o land_n there_o that_o belong_v heretofore_o to_o st._n dubritius_fw-la he_o give_v also_o lhanteilian_n porth_n halawg_fw-mi with_o the_o territory_n unto_o the_o same_o belong_v maredud_n the_o son_n of_o reni_fw-la k._n of_o west-wales_n give_v 3_o church_n aireol_n lawhir_o the_o son_n of_o fryfan_n k._n of_o west-wales_n give_v divers_a land_n cadwgaw_v a_o king_n be_v also_o a_o great_a benefactor_n as_o be_v all_o these_o that_o follow_v maurice_n king_n of_o morganwy_n tendric_n or_o theoderick_n a_o king_n morgant_n king_n of_o morganwy_n augustus_n king_n of_o brecheiniawc_n iddug_v the_o son_n of_o nudd_n a_o king_n morgant_n king_n of_o glewissig_n ithael_n a_o king_n gurwodius_n king_n of_o ergnig_n cuiuni_fw-la gurgant_n clodri_n noble_a man_n of_o wales_n call_v in_o evidence_n by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n lluddgwallawn_n clydiawc_n nagwy_fw-fr hywell_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rys_n king_n of_o glewissig_n arthmael_n king_n of_o gwent_n rhodri_n rhiderck_n king_n of_o morganwc_n jestin_n ap_fw-mi gurgant_n caradock_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n king_n of_o all_o wales_n 3_o oudoceus_n or_o odoceus_fw-la succeed_v st._n telian_a he_o be_v also_o very_o noble_o bear_v and_o after_o his_o death_n repute_v a_o saint_n as_o be_v also_o his_o predecessor_n he_o die_v july_n the_o 2d._o the_o year_n i_o find_v not_o 4_o vbelwinus_fw-la alius_fw-la vbelwin_n 5_o aidenus_n 6_o elgistill_v 7_o lunapeius_fw-la 8_o gomergwinus_fw-la alius_fw-la gomergius_fw-la 9_o argwistil_v 10_o gervanus_n or_o gurven_n 11_o gwydlonius_fw-la alius_fw-la gwod_n loiw_v 12_o edilbinus_fw-la alius_fw-la edilbin_n 13_o grecielus_n 14_o berthywynus_n 15_o tricanus_fw-la l_o trican_n 16_o eluogus_fw-la 17_o cadgwaret_n 18_o cerenhir_n 19_o nobis_fw-la 20_o pater_fw-la 21_o gulfredus_n alius_fw-la gulfrit_n 22_o nuth_n alias_o nudd_n 23_o cymeiliawc_n alius_fw-la cymbelinus_fw-la he_o die_v 917_o 24_o libianth_n or_o libianch_n he_o die_v 929._o 25_o gogwenus_n be_v consecrate_v by_o st._n dunstan_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 982._o so_o it_o seem_v this_o see_n be_v long_o void_a 26_o marchluid_n l_o marchlwyth_n 27_o bledry_n or_o bletheri_n choose_v by_o the_o king_n clergy_n and_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v consecrate_a by_o alaricius_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 993._o he_o die_v 1022._o 28_o joseph_n be_v consecrate_v by_o alnothus_fw-la archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n octob._n 1._o 1022._o he_o die_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 1046._o 29_o herewald_n be_v consecrate_v at_o london_n by_o stigand_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o whitsun_n week_n 1056._o he_o die_v march_v 6_o 1103._o be_v 100_o year_n of_o age_n and_o have_v continue_v in_o his_o bishopriek_n 48_o year_n 30_o vrbanus_n archdeacon_n of_o landaff_n be_v consecrate_v together_o with_o divers_a bishop_n august_n the_o 10_o 1108._o be_v then_o but_o 32_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o first_o come_v he_o find_v his_o bishopric_n in_o a_o very_a poor_a and_o miserable_a estate_n the_o church_n ruinate_v almost_o even_o to_o the_o very_a ground_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o late_a war_n under_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o revenue_n of_o themselves_o small_a and_o yet_o so_o ill_o husband_v by_o the_o negligence_n of_o his_o predecessor_n as_o they_o can_v now_o scarce_o maintain_v two_o canon_n beside_o the_o bishop_n whereas_o there_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v 24_o complain_v hereof_o to_o the_o pope_n calixtus_n the_o second_o at_o what_o time_n he_o be_v at_o the_o council_n at_o rheims_n viz._n the_o year_n 1119._o he_o afford_v he_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o king_n as_o also_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o clergy_n and_o gentleman_n of_o his_o own_o diocese_n earnest_o pray_v they_o to_o yield_v he_o their_o best_a assistance_n for_o the_o reformation_n of_o his_o church_n so_o disorder_v the_o archbishop_n the_o rather_o to_o draw_v on_o the_o liberality_n of_o man_n in_o contribute_v towards_o the_o new_a build_n of_o the_o church_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o release_v the_o four_o part_n of_o penance_n inflict_v upon_o such_o as_o shall_v bestow_v any_o thing_n towards_o the_o same_o by_o this_o mean_n have_v mass_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n 1120._o the_o now_o church_n of_o landaff_n build_v 1120._o begin_v the_o build_n of_o that_o church_n which_o now_o stand_v april_n the_o 14_o 1120._o and_o have_v finish_v it_o build_v anew_o also_o all_o house_n belong_v to_o it_o then_o next_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v the_o land_n lose_v or_o alienate_v from_o his_o see_n he_o challenge_v divers_a parcel_n which_o be_v hold_v by_o barnard_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n and_o richard_n
bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o moreover_o complain_v that_o they_o have_v usurp_v on_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o place_n gwhyr_n cedwely_n cantref_n bychan_n ystrad_n yw_n and_o ergeng_n upon_o deposition_n of_o 6_o witness_n that_o all_o these_o be_v of_o the_o diocese_n of_o landaff_n they_o be_v so_o adjudge_v by_o the_o pope_n definitive_a sentence_n who_o also_o write_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n to_o restore_v that_o right_n unto_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n as_o their_o diocesan_n howbeit_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v i_o know_v not_o those_o place_n be_v now_o and_o long_o have_v be_v esteem_v part_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o st._n david_n and_o part_n of_o hereford_n and_o none_o of_o they_o of_o landaff_n this_o bishop_n die_v beyond_o sea_n travel_v betwixt_o this_o and_o rome_n anno_fw-la 1133._o vacat_fw-la sedes_fw-la annos_fw-la 6._o 31_o vchtred_a that_o succeed_v have_v a_o daughter_n marry_v before_o he_o have_v order_n to_o jorworth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n lord_n of_o caerlbeon_n upon_o vsk_n a_o great_a and_o mighty_a man_n in_o those_o part_n he_o die_v a_o 1141._o 32_o geoffrey_n die_v 1153._o 33_o nicolas_n ap_fw-mi gurgant_n die_v 1183._o 34_o william_n de_fw-fr salso_fw-la marisco_n 35_o henry_n prior_n of_o burgavenni_fw-la be_v founder_n of_o 12_o prebend_n in_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n he_o die_v 1218._o 36_o william_n prior_n of_o goldeliff_n in_o monmothshire_n die_v january_n 28_o a_o 1229._o 37_o elis_n de_fw-fr radnor_n die_v may_v the_o 6_o 1240._o 38_o william_n de_fw-fr burgo_n chaplain_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._o be_v consecrate_v the_o year_n 1244._o and_o die_v june_n 11_o 1253._o have_v live_v blind_a 7_o year_n before_o his_o death_n 39_o john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ware_n abbot_n of_o margan_n die_v about_o the_o end_n of_o june_n 1253._o 40_o william_n de_fw-fr radnor_n die_v january_n the_o 9_o 1265._o 41_o william_n de_fw-fr brew_v die_v in_o the_o end_n of_o march_n 1287._o he_o lie_v bury_v under_o a_o marble_n engrave_v in_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n towards_o the_o north_n wall_n vacat_fw-la sedes_fw-la annos_fw-la 9_o 42_o john_n de_fw-fr monmoth_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v consecrate_v feb._n 10._o 1296._o at_o canterbury_n and_o die_v april_n 8_o 1323._o he_o lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o church_n celceuliere_n common_o call_v our_o lady_n chapel_n under_o a_o flat_a marble_n have_v a_o french_a inscription_n now_o somewhat_o deface_v 43_o john_n de_fw-fr egliscliff_n a_o friar_n preacher_n be_v consecrate_v at_o rome_n and_o come_v to_o his_o diocese_n of_o landaff_n upon_o the_o eve_n of_o trinity_n sunday_n 1223._o he_o die_v at_o lankadwaladar_n jan._n 2._o 1346._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o caediff_n 44_o john_n paschall_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n a_o carmelite_n of_o ipswich_n be_v a_o gentleman_n bear_v in_o suffolk_n of_o a_o family_n yet_o remain_v there_o and_o bring_v up_o in_o the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n by_o william_n bateman_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n be_v make_v a_o titulary_a bishop_n and_o his_o suffragan_n by_o the_o name_n of_o episcopus_fw-la scutariensis_fw-la from_o that_o imaginary_a see_v he_o be_v translate_v by_o the_o pope_n to_o landaff_n a_o 1347._o die_v 1361._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o landaff_n he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o leave_v divers_a monument_n thereof_o in_o write_v behind_o he_o 45_o roger_n cradoc_n a_o friar_n minor_n 46_o thomas_n rushook_n a_o friar_n preacher_n and_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v translate_v to_o chichester_n 47_o william_n de_fw-fr betlesham_n make_v bishop_n of_o bethelem_n by_o the_o pope_n be_v translate_v first_o to_o landaff_n and_o after_o to_o rochester_n 48_o edmund_n de_fw-fr bromfield_n be_v a_o dr._n of_o divinity_n and_o monk_n at_o bury_v where_o be_v know_v for_o a_o a_o man_n of_o a_o very_a pragmatical_a and_o stir_a humour_n that_o he_o may_v not_o trouble_v they_o at_o home_n the_o covent_n think_v good_a to_o maintain_v he_o at_o rome_n for_o the_o dispatch_n of_o their_o ordinary_a business_n there_o take_v first_o a_o corporal_a oath_n of_o he_o never_o to_o seek_v any_o office_n or_o preferment_n of_o their_o house_n without_o their_o privity_n and_o direction_n this_o oath_n notwithstanding_o when_o short_o after_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o abbot_n die_v he_o find_v mean_n that_o the_o pope_n shall_v entitle_v he_o to_o the_o abbotship_n whereunto_o the_o covent_n with_o the_o king_n good_a like_n have_v now_o already_o elect_v another_o man_n far_o more_o meet_a call_v john_n tymworth_n for_o this_o bad_a kind_n of_o deal_v as_o also_o because_o as_o those_o provisory_a bull_n have_v be_v forbid_v by_o parliament_n he_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o tower_n and_o there_o lie_v prisoner_n a_o long_a time_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n ut_fw-la ante_fw-la be_v translate_v to_o rochester_n he_o be_v prefer_v to_o that_o see_n 49_o tydemannus_n abbot_n of_o beaulieu_n succeed_v bromfield_n and_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o be_v that_o tydemannus_n de_fw-fr winchcomb_n that_o anno_fw-la 1395_o become_v bishop_n of_o worcester_n 50_o andrew_n barret_n doctor_n of_o law_n 51_o john_n burghyll_n a_o friar_n preacher_n be_v bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o confessor_n unto_o the_o king_n be_v translate_v to_o lichfield_n in_o sept._n 1398._o 52_o thomas_n peverel_n a_o carmelite_n and_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v first_o bishop_n of_o ossery_n in_o ireland_n translate_v thence_o to_o landaff_n 1399_o and_o thence_o to_o worcester_n 1407._o 53_o john_n la_fw-fr zouche_n a_o friar_n minor_n and_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n it_o shall_v seem_v that_o this_o man_n build_v either_o a_o great_a part_n or_o else_o happy_o all_o of_o the_o house_n at_o mathern_n near_o chepstow_n build_v the_o bishop_n house_n of_o matherne_n build_v the_o only_a house_n that_o be_v now_o leave_v the_o bishop_n if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o to_o put_v his_o head_n in_o his_o arm_n fix_v in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o window_n to_o my_o judgement_n import_n so_o much_o viz._n gules_a ten_o besant_n 432._o and_o 1_o a_o canton_n ermine_n encircle_v with_o a_o girdle_n of_o st._n francis_n to_o show_v his_o order_n 54_o john_n wellys_n be_v likewise_o a_o minorite_n and_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n 55_o nicholas_n ashbie_n prior_n of_o westminster_n 56_o john_n hunden_n a_o minorite_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n and_o prior_n of_o king_n langley_n 57_o john_n martial_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n sometime_o fellow_n of_o merton_n college_n in_o oxford_n be_v consecrate_v 1479_o and_o be_v i_o take_v it_o translate_v to_o london_n the_o year_n 1489._o 58_o john_n ingleby_n sometime_o prior_n of_o sheen_n a_o carthusian_n 59_o john_n smith_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n die_v october_n 16_o 1511._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o christ-church_n in_o london_n in_o the_o chapel_n of_o all-saint_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o altar_n 60_o miles_n salley_n sometime_o almoner_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o abington_n and_o afterward_o abbot_n of_o eynsham_n 61_o george_n de_fw-fr attigna_fw-la a_o spaniard_n a_o friar_n preacher_n and_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v consecrate_v march_v the_o 8_o 1516._o 62_o robert_n holgate_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v consecrate_v march_v the_o 25_o 1537._o and_o 1544_o be_v translate_v to_o york_n 63_o anthony_n kitchen_n alias_o dunstan_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n and_o sometime_o abbot_n of_o eynsham_n be_v consecrate_v may_v 3_o 1545._o and_o endure_v all_o the_o tempestuous_a change_n that_o happen_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n continue_v till_o the_o five_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o then_o die_v and_o high_a time_n have_v first_o so_o impoverish_v the_o bishopric_n by_o unreasonable_a demise_n of_o whatsoever_o be_v demiseable_a that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a cause_n he_o shall_v live_v any_o long_o he_o be_v call_v kitchen_n though_o he_o may_v have_v rather_o be_v call_v schullian_n yet_o indeed_o he_o make_v his_o church_n a_o kitchen_n and_o like_o a_o schullian_n sweep_v all_o away_o leave_v poor_a daff_n without_o lan_n or_o land_n sedes_fw-la vacabat_fw-la annos_fw-la 3._o 64_o hugh_n jones_n bachelor_n of_o law_n be_v make_v bishop_n may_v the_o 5_o 1556._o 65_o william_n blethyn_n bachelor_n of_o law_n be_v appoint_v bishop_n april_n the_o 17_o 1575._o i_o observe_v few_o family_n spring_v from_o bishop_n to_o prosper_v or_o continue_v long_o yet_o such_o as_o do_v in_o my_o judgement_n shall_v not_o be_v so_o averse_a as_o to_o eradicate_v all_o spiritual_a function_n 66_o gervage_a babington_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v place_v in_o that_o see_v aug._n 29_o 1591._o from_o thence_o translate_v to_o exeter_n and_o after_o to_z worcester_z 67_o william_n morgan_n doctor_n in_o divinity_n be_v appoint_v
to_o this_o see_v july_n the_o 20_o 1595._o and_o translate_v to_o st._n asaph_n september_n the_o 16_o 1601._o 1601._o 68_o francis_n godwin_n translate_v to_o hereford_n this_o francis_n godwin_n be_v then_o subdean_n of_o exeter_n be_v he_o who_o compile_v the_o catalogue_n of_o bishop_n here_o cite_v year_n 1618._o 1618._o 69_o george_n carleton_n translate_v to_o chichester_n year_n 1619_o 1619._o 70_o theophilus_n field_n translate_v to_o st._n david_n year_n 1628._o 1628._o 71_o john_n murrey_n bishop_n first_o in_o ireland_n a_o scot_n by_o nation_n have_v his_o majesty_n have_v bishopric_n sufficient_a to_o have_v stoptd_v all_o their_o mouth_n episcopacy_n have_v not_o so_o be_v bandy_v against_o 1639._o 72_o morgan_z owen_n bishop_n 1641._o this_o bishopric_n be_v value_v in_o the_o exchequer_n at_o 154_o l._n 14_o s._n 1_o d._n and_o pay_v for_o first_o fruit_n 700_o ducat_n year_n 1155_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 2d._o his_o reign_n and_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n 1155_o rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n who_o the_o welsh_a book_n surname_v lord_n rees_n and_o all_o the_o latin_a and_o english_a writer_n of_o that_o time_n name_n king_n of_o south_n wales_n do_v levy_v all_o his_o force_n to_o defend_v his_o country_n from_o owen_n gwine_v who_o he_o understand_v to_o be_v raise_v of_o man_n to_o conquer_v south_n wales_n so_o that_o rees_n come_v as_o far_o as_o aberdyni_n over_o against_o north_n wales_n and_o perceive_v the_o rumour_n to_o be_v false_a build_v a_o castle_n there_o and_o so_o return_v back_o build_v caerneon_n castle_n build_v at_o the_o same_o time_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powis_n do_v build_v a_o castle_n at_o caerneon_n beside_o pymer_n at_o that_o time_n meyric_n his_o nephew_n escape_v out_o of_o prison_n where_o he_o have_v be_v long_o keep_v build_v eglwys_n vair_n build_v then_o also_o eglwys_n vair_n in_o myvot_n be_v build_v at_o this_o time_n king_n henry_n banish_v the_o fleming_n who_o king_n stephen_n have_v bring_v in_o and_o send_v some_o of_o they_o to_o their_o cousin_n into_o west_n wales_n about_o this_o time_n caradocus_n lhanoarvan_n who_o be_v repute_v and_o take_v of_o all_o learned_a man_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o welsh_a history_n end_v his_o collection_n of_o the_o british_a transaction_n from_o cadwallader_n to_o this_o present_a time_n of_o who_o some_o studious_a antiquary_n compose_v this_o follow_a distichon_fw-la historiam_fw-la britonum_fw-la doctus_fw-la scripsit_fw-la caradocus_n post_fw-la cadwalladrum_fw-la regius_fw-la scripta_fw-la notans_fw-la bury_v in_o these_o two_o abbey_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n be_v usual_o bury_v the_o succession_n and_o act_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n after_o this_o time_n until_o the_o year_n 1270_o be_v keep_v and_o record_v from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwey_n in_o north_n wales_n and_o stratflur_v in_o south_n wales_n as_o witness_v gutryn_n owen_n who_o live_v in_o the_o day_n of_o edward_n the_o 4_o write_v the_o best_a and_o most_o perfect_a copy_n of_o the_o same_o year_n 1157_o the_o king_n gather_v his_o force_n from_o all_o part_n of_o england_n intend_v to_o subdue_v north_n wales_n be_v thereunto_o procure_v and_o move_v by_o cadwallader_n who_o the_o prince_n his_o brother_n have_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o bereave_v of_o his_o live_n and_o by_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powis_n who_o envy_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o north_n wales_n which_o know_v no_o lord_n but_o one_o and_o hereupon_o the_o king_n conduct_v his_o army_n to_o westchester_n and_o encamp_v on_o the_o march_n call_v saltney_n so_o also_o owen_n like_o a_o valiant_a prince_n list_v all_o his_o people_n fit_a for_o service_n and_o come_v to_o the_o utter_a mere_n of_o his_o land_n purpose_v to_o give_v the_o king_n battle_n and_o encamp_v himself_o at_o basingwerk_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o king_n understand_v he_o select_v out_o of_o his_o army_n divers_a of_o the_o chief_a band_n and_o send_v certains_fw-fr earl_n and_o lord_n with_o they_o towards_o the_o prince_n camp_n and_o as_o they_o pass_v the_o wood_n call_v coed_n zulo_n david_n and_o conan_n the_o prince_n son_n meet_v with_o they_o and_o fierce_o assault_v they_o and_o what_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o suddenness_n of_o the_o action_n the_o englishman_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o many_o slay_v the_o rest_n be_v pursue_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n they_o be_v exceed_o vex_v with_o this_o disaster_n remove_v alongst_o the_o sea_n coast_n think_v to_o get_v betwixt_o owen_n and_o his_o country_n but_o owen_n foreseeing_a the_o intent_n retreat_v back_o to_o a_o place_n which_o be_v call_v to_o this_o day_n cil_n owen_n that_o be_v owen_n retreat_n and_o the_o king_n come_v to_o ruthlan_n in_o the_o first_o voyage_n of_o king_n henry_n against_o the_o welsh_a he_o be_v put_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n in_o a_o strait_a at_o counsylth_n not_o far_o from_o flint_n where_o henry_n of_o essex_n who_o office_n be_v by_o inheritance_n to_o bear_v the_o standard_n of_o england_n cast_v down_o the_o same_o and_o flee_v which_o thing_n so_o encourage_v the_o welsh_a that_o the_o king_n be_v sore_o distress_v have_v much_o ado_n to_o save_v himself_o and_o as_o the_o french_a chronicle_n say_v be_v glad_a to_o fly_v on_o who_o part_n eustare_v fitz_n john_n and_z robert_z curcie_n two_o worthy_a knight_n with_o divers_z other_z noblemen_z and_o gentleman_n be_v slay_v after_o this_o owen_n encamp_v and_o entrench_v himself_o at_o brynypin_n and_o daily_o skermish_v with_o the_o king_n man_n whilst_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o king_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n his_o navy_n which_o guide_v by_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powis_n anchor_v at_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o land_v the_o soldier_n who_o spoil_v two_o church_n and_o some_o of_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o but_o as_o they_o return_v unto_o their_o ship_n all_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o isle_n set_v upon_o they_o punish_v sacrilege_n punish_v and_o slay_v they_o all_o so_o that_o none_o of_o those_o who_o plunder_v the_o church_n bring_v tiding_n of_o their_o fortune_n the_o mariner_n behold_v this_o like_v not_o the_o harbour_n but_o weigh_v up_o anchor_n &_o make_v for_o chester_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n wales_n k._n hen._n build_v a_o house_n for_o the_o templar_n in_o wales_n upon_o condition_n that_o cadwallader_n shall_v have_v his_o land_n again_o &_o his_o brother_n shall_v be_v friendly_a unto_o he_o then_o the_o king_n have_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o basywerk_n well_o fortify_v and_o man_v after_o he_o have_v build_v a_o house_n thereby_o for_o the_o templar_n return_v into_o england_n at_o that_o time_n also_o jorwerth_n goch_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o yale_n and_o burn_v it_o burn_v yale_n castle_n burn_v the_o year_n follow_v morgan_z ap_fw-mi owen_n be_v traitorous_o slay_v by_o the_o man_n of_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi meyrick_n with_o who_o die_v the_o best_a poet_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n of_o his_o time_n call_v gurgan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o his_o brother_n jorwerth_n get_v the_o town_n or_o city_n of_o caerleon_n upon_o vsk_n take_v caerlheon_n upon_o vsk_n city_n take_v and_o the_o land_n of_o owen_n now_o it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n make_v peace_n with_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o prince_n of_o wales_n except_o rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n which_o rees_n fear_v the_o king_n power_n cause_v his_o people_n to_o remove_v their_o cattle_n and_o good_n to_o the_o wilderness_n of_o tywy_n he_o still_o make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n therefore_o the_o king_n send_v for_o he_o to_o come_v to_o his_o court_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n before_o the_o force_n both_o of_o england_n and_o wales_n shall_v be_v send_v for_o he_o rees_n after_o consultation_n come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o order_n be_v take_v that_o rees_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o cantref_n mawr_z as_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o king_n so_o that_o his_o land_n shall_v be_v whole_a together_o and_o not_o in_o divers_a place_n and_o shire_n but_o the_o king_n do_v contrary_a to_o his_o promise_n appoint_v rees_n divers_a land_n in_o several_a place_n and_o lordship_n intermingle_v with_o other_o man_n land_n which_o deceit_n although_o he_o perceive_v well_o enough_o yet_o he_o receive_v it_o piecemeal_n as_o it_o be_v and_o live_v quiet_o until_o roger_n earl_n of_o clare_n hear_v this_o come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o desire_v his_o highness_n to_o give_v he_o such_o land_n in_o wales_n as_o he_o can_v win_v which_o the_o king_n grant_v then_o he_o come_v with_o a_o
matthaeus_n 1358_o 17_o thomas_n de_fw-fr ringsted_n 1367_o 18_o gervasius_n de_fw-fr castro_n 1370_o 19_o howel_n ii_o 1374_o 20_o john_n gilbert_n translate_v to_o saint_n david_n 1376_o 21_o john_n clovensis_n  _fw-fr 22_o john_n swaffan_n 1400_o 23_o richard_n young_a translate_v to_o rochester_n  _fw-fr 24_o lodovicus_n the_o ii_o 1408_o 25_o benedict_n nicols_n translate_v to_o st._n david_n 1418_o 26_o william_n barrow_n translate_v to_o carlisle_n  _fw-fr 27_o nicolaus_n 1436_o 28_o thomas_n cheriton_n 1448_o 29_o john_n stanbery_n translate_v to_o hereford_n  _fw-fr 30_o jacobus_n 1464_o 31_o thomas_n edwane_n 1196_o 32_o henry_n dean_n translate_v to_o salisbury_n 1500_o 33_o thomas_n picot_n 1504_o 34_o john_n penvy_a translate_v to_o carlisle_n 1505_o 35_o thomas_n skenington_n 1534_o 36_o john_n capon_n translate_v to_o salisbury_n 1539_o 37_o john_n bird_n translate_v to_o chester_n 1541_o 38_o arthur_n bulkeley_n or_o bulkeby_n the_o bellseller_n 1555_o 39_o william_n glynn_n 1559_o 40_o rowland_n meyric_n 1566_o 41_o nicholas_n robinson_n 1585._o 42_o hugh_n bellot_n translate_v to_o chester_n 1595_o 43_o rich._n vaughan_n translate_v to_o chester_n 1596_o 44_o henry_n rowland_n 1616_o 45_o lewes_n bayley_n 1632_o 46._o david_n dolvin_n 1633_o 47_o edward_n gruffith_n 1637_o 48_o william_n robert_n sub-almoner_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n 1641._o about_o the_o year_n 1162._o howel_n the_o son_n of_o jenaf_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadogan_n ap_fw-mi athelstan_n glodrydh_fw-mi get_v the_o castle_n of_o walwern_n in_o cyvelioc_n and_o raze_v it_o which_o thing_n when_o it_o be_v tell_v owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n it_o displease_v he_o wonderful_o at_o the_o which_o he_o be_v so_o grieve_v that_o nothing_o can_v make_v he_o merry_a until_o such_o time_n as_o he_o have_v gather_v his_o power_n and_o come_v to_o lhanthinan_n in_o arust_o and_o thence_o send_v away_o great_a spoil_n which_o cause_v the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n to_o come_v unto_o their_o lord_n howel_n ap_fw-mi jenaf_fw-mi who_o follow_v the_o spoil_n to_o the_o severn_n side_n where_o the_o prince_n camp_n be_v the_o prince_n apprehend_v now_o a_o occasion_n of_o revenge_n offer_v he_o be_v right_o glad_a and_o set_v upon_o his_o enemy_n and_o slay_v the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o the_o rest_n with_o their_o lord_n escape_v to_o the_o wood_n and_o rock_n the_o prince_n be_v well_o please_v with_o this_o revenge_n build_v up_o his_o castle_n again_o and_o fortify_v it_o strong_o hova_n castelh_n catrec_n hova_n the_o year_n follow_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n name_v owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o owen_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o carrechona_n by_o oswestrie_n and_o waste_v it_o year_n 1163_o about_o the_o year_n 1163._o king_n henry_n the_o second_o gather_v a_o strong_a army_n against_o southwales_n and_o come_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o pencadyr_n beside_o brecknock_n where_o rees_n come_v to_o he_o and_o do_v homage_n and_o give_v he_o pledge_n which_o do_v the_o king_n go_v out_o of_o wales_n about_o this_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n nephew_n to_o prince_n rees_n be_v murder_v in_o his_o bed_n by_o a_o man_n of_o his_o own_o name_v lhywarch_n also_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o like_a manner_n by_o one_o walter_z ap_fw-mi ricard_n the_o lord_n rees_n as_o he_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a or_o king_n rees_n as_o latin_a author_n call_v he_o take_v the_o cantreff_a maur_n which_o be_v a_o great_a country_n and_o the_o land_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o enjoy_v it_o and_o this_o year_n die_v cadivor_n ap_fw-mi daniel_n archdeacon_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o henry_n ap_fw-mi arthen_a who_o be_v the_o worthy_a clerk_n that_o have_v be_v in_o wales_n many_o year_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o lord_n rees_n see_v he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v his_o estate_n with_o such_o land_n as_o the_o king_n have_v appoint_v he_o enter_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n for_o by_o that_o earl_n mean_v his_o nephew_n be_v murder_v and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o aberheidol_n and_o of_o the_o son_n of_o wywyaon_n and_o raise_v they_o and_o thus_o in_o short_a time_n he_o bring_v all_o caerdigan_n under_o his_o subjection_n from_o thence_o he_o make_v many_o inroad_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o bring_v away_o great_a spoil_n this_o happy_a fortune_n cause_v all_o wales_n to_o conspire_v the_o shake_n off_o of_o the_o norman_a yoke_n who_o treason_n and_o cruelty_n they_o can_v not_o abide_v and_o to_o elect_v prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n in_o the_o year_n 1165._o david_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v destroy_v all_o flintshire_n which_o be_v the_o king_n welsh_a k._n henry_n three_o voyage_n in_o vain_a against_o the_o welsh_a and_o carry_v all_o the_o people_n and_o cattle_n with_o he_o to_o the_o dyffryn_n cloyd_n now_o call_v ruthin_n land_n which_o when_o the_o king_n have_v notice_n of_o he_o levy_v a_o army_n in_o haste_n and_o come_v to_o relieve_v his_o castle_n and_o people_n as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n and_o after_o he_o have_v rest_v there_o three_o day_n and_o can_v do_v no_o good_a he_o return_v into_o england_n where_o he_o gather_v another_o army_n of_o select_a soldier_n and_o choose_v through_o all_o his_o dominion_n send_v for_o auxiliary_n from_o flanders_n and_o britain_n and_o then_o return_v to_o north-wales_n with_o resolution_n to_o destroy_v all_o that_o have_v life_n in_o the_o land_n and_o come_v to_o crow_n oswalt_n call_v oswaldstree_n encamp_v there_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n prince_z owen_z and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o north-wales_n and_o the_o lord_n rees_n withal_o the_o force_n of_o southwales_n and_o owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o powis_n and_o the_o two_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi edwerth_n with_o all_o the_o people_n betwixt_o wye_n and_o severne_n gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o come_v to_o cawen_n in_o edierneon_n with_o purpose_n to_o defend_v their_o country_n but_o the_o king_n understanding_n that_o they_o be_v so_o nigh_o be_v wondrous_a desirous_a of_o battle_n come_v to_o the_o river_n ceireoc_n and_o cause_v the_o wood_n to_o be_v fell_v whereupon_o a_o number_n of_o the_o welsh_a understanding_n the_o passage_n unknown_a to_o their_o captain_n meet_v with_o the_o king_n ward_n where_o be_v place_v the_o choice_n man_n of_o all_o the_o army_n where_o begin_v a_o hot_a skirmish_n and_o divers_a worthy_a man_n be_v slay_v on_o each_o side_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n obtain_v the_o passage_n and_o come_v to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwyn_n where_o he_o lie_v in_o camp_n certain_a day_n and_o so_o both_o the_o army_n stand_v in_o awe_n each_o of_o other_o the_o king_n keep_v the_o plain_n as_o be_v doubtful_a to_o be_v entrap_v in_o strait_n but_o the_o welsh_a watch_v for_o the_o opportunity_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o keep_v the_o king_n so_o straight_o that_o neither_o forage_n nor_o victual_n may_v come_v to_o his_o camp_n english_a the_o welsh_a unite_v invincible_a against_o the_o english_a neither_o dare_v any_o soldier_n stir_v abroad_o and_o to_o augment_v these_o misery_n there_o fall_v such_o store_n of_o rain_n that_o the_o king_n man_n can_v scarce_o stand_v upon_o their_o foot_n upon_o those_o slippery_a place_n in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v home_o without_o his_o purpose_n and_o that_o with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o ammunition_n beside_o his_o charge_n therefore_o in_o a_o great_a choler_n he_o charge_v the_o pledge_n eye_n 2._o a_o cruel_a act_n of_o k._n henry_n 2._o who_o he_o receive_v long_o before_o that_o to_o be_v put_v out_o which_o be_v rees_n and_o cadwalhon_n son_n to_o owen_n and_o cynwric_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o rees_n hove_n roger_n hove_n and_o other_o i_o find_v also_o say_v mr._n powel_n write_v by_o divers_a that_o in_o the_o assail_a of_o a_o bridge_n the_o king_n be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n for_o one_o of_o the_o welshman_n shoot_v direct_o at_o he_o have_v pierce_v he_o through_o the_o body_n if_o hubert_n de_fw-fr st._n clare_n constable_n of_o colchester_n perceive_v the_o arrow_n come_v have_v not_o thrust_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o it_o 408._o hol._n page_n 408._o whereby_o he_o save_v his_o master_n and_o lose_v his_o own_o life_n then_o after_o long_a consultation_n the_o king_n come_v again_o to_o north_n wales_n intend_v to_o have_v his_o army_n convey_v by_o sea_n and_o to_o land_n in_o some_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o country_n and_o with_o his_o design_n he_o come_v to_o chester_n and_o there_o repose_v a_o certain_a time_n till_o all_o his_o navy_n be_v gather_v together_o as_o
well_o hire_v ship_n of_o ireland_n as_o his_o own_o and_o upon_o the_o sudden_a he_o break_v up_o his_o camp_n and_o give_v both_o ship_n and_o man_n leave_v to_o depart_v the_o same_o year_n rees_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o aberteini_n welsh_a aberteini_fw-la castle_n win_v by_o the_o welsh_a and_o win_v it_o and_o lay_v it_o flat_a with_o the_o ground_n and_o likewise_o wan_fw-ge pilgeran_fw-ge and_o raze_v it_o at_o which_o time_n he_o take_v prisoner_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n his_o cousin_n german_n son_n to_o nost_n his_o aunt_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o girald_n have_v marry_v stephen_n constable_n and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o rich_a spoil_n about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v lhewelin_n son_n to_o pr._n owen_n a_o worthy_a gentleman_n and_o of_o great_a towardness_n in_o the_o year_n ensue_v the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n come_v to_o west_n wales_n with_o a_o great_a power_n against_o the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n which_o rees_n have_v fortify_v and_o lay_v siege_n unto_o it_o assault_v it_o divers_a time_n but_o it_o be_v so_o manful_o defend_v that_o they_o return_v home_o as_o they_o come_v and_o short_o after_o they_o come_v before_o it_o again_o where_o they_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o best_a man_n and_o so_o depart_v the_o same_o year_n owen_n pr._n of_o north_n wales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o basygwerke_n which_o the_o king_n have_v fortify_v and_o in_o short_a time_n win_v it_o and_o dismantle_v it_o about_o the_o same_o time_n jorwerth_n goch_n be_v spoil_v of_o his_o land_n in_o powis_n by_o owen_n cyvelioc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n lord_n of_o powis_n by_o owen_n bachen_n second_o son_n to_o madock_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n which_o land_n they_o divide_v betwixt_o they_o so_o that_o owen_n cyvelioc_n have_v mochant_n above_o rayader_n and_o owen_n vachan_n mochnant_n beneath_o rayader_n in_o the_o year_n 1167_o owen_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n cadwallader_n his_o brother_n and_o rees_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n bring_v a_o army_n into_o powis_n against_o owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o win_v all_o his_o land_n and_o chase_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o give_v caereneon_n to_o owen_n vachan_n the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n to_o hold_v of_o prince_n owen_n and_o the_o lord_n rees_n have_v walwern_n because_o it_o stand_v within_o his_o country_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o owen_n cyvelioc_n return_v with_o a_o strength_n of_o norman_n and_o engleshman_n to_o recover_v his_o estate_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o caereneon_n and_o win_v the_o same_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n also_o the_o same_o year_n the_o aforesaid_a prince_n build_v ruthlan_n castle_n take_v by_o the_o welsh_a which_o king_n henry_n have_v build_v owen_n rees_n and_o cadwallader_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n which_o the_o king_n have_v late_o build_v and_o fortify_v where_o the_o garrison_n defend_v it_o most_o valiant_o yet_o the_o prince_n will_v not_o depart_v until_o they_o have_v win_v it_o which_o they_o do_v at_o two_o month_n end_n and_o raze_v it_o after_o that_o they_o get_v the_o castle_n of_o prostatyn_n and_o destroy_v it_o and_o then_o bring_v all_o tegeugl_n to_o owen_n subjection_n and_o return_v home_o with_o much_o honour_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v conon_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n slay_v vrgeney_n abbot_n of_o lhwythlawr_n and_o lhawthen_n his_o nephew_n in_o this_o year_n also_o robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n the_o constable_n be_v release_v out_o of_o his_o cousin_n the_o lord_n rees_n his_o prison_n and_o be_v send_v to_o ireland_n with_o great_a force_n to_o dermot_n the_o son_n to_o murchart_n who_o land_v at_o lochgarmon_n and_o win_v it_o and_o so_o go_v forward_o in_o the_o year_n 1169_o meyric_n ap_fw-mi adam_n of_o bueltht_fw-mi be_v murder_v in_o his_o bed_n by_o meredyth_n bengoch_n his_o cousin_n german_a find_v a_o giant_n body_n 50_o foot_n find_v also_o this_o year_n there_o be_v find_v the_o bone_n of_o a_o giant_n cast_v up_o by_o the_o sea_n of_o such_o length_n that_o his_o body_n seem_v to_o contain_v after_o fifty_o foot_n in_o height_n this_o year_n owen_n gwyneth_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n pass_v out_o of_o this_o life_n he_o have_v govern_v his_o country_n well_o and_o worthy_o 32_o year_n this_o prince_n be_v fortunate_a and_o victorious_a in_o all_o his_o affair_n he_o never_o take_v any_o enterprise_n in_o his_o hand_n but_o he_o achieve_v it_o he_o leave_v behind_o he_o many_o child_n beget_v by_o divers_a woman_n which_o be_v not_o esteem_v by_o their_o mother_n and_o birth_n but_o by_o their_o prowess_n and_o valiantness_n first_o he_o have_v by_o gladus_n the_o daughter_n of_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahevern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n jorwerth_n drwyndwn_n that_o be_v edward_z with_o the_o break_a nose_n conan_n maelgon_n and_o gwenlhian_n by_o christian_a the_o daughter_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n he_o have_v david_n roderik_n cadwalhon_n abbot_n of_o bardsey_n and_o augharat_n wife_n to_o griffith_n maylor_n he_o have_v beside_o these_o conan_n lhewelin_n meredyth_n edwal_n run_v howell_n cadelh_n madoc_n enâ—on_n cynrwric_n philip_n and_o riryd_n lord_n of_o clocharn_n in_o ireland_n by_o divers_a woman_n of_o who_o run_v lhewelyn_n and_o cynwric_n die_v before_o their_o father_n the_o rest_n you_o shall_v hear_v of_o hereafter_o the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o ancient_a &_o modern_a british_a and_o welsh_z history_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a john_n earl_n of_o bridgwater_n baron_n of_o elsmere_n viscount_n brackley_n earl_n of_o carnarvan_n lord_n dormer_n richard_z earl_n of_o carburie_n baron_n of_o emlyn_n anthony_n viscount_n montague_n etc._n etc._n john_n lord_z abergavenny_z william_n lord_n sturton_n etc._n etc._n henry_n lord_n arundel_n count_n of_o the_o sacred_a roman_a empire_n and_o baron_n of_o wardor_n the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n edward_n earl_n of_o derbie_n dorothea_n daughter_n of_o tho._n howard_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n by_o which_o match_n this_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o egerton_n by_o frances_n daughter_n and_o coheir_n to_o ferdinando_n earl_n of_o derbie_n descend_v from_o the_o british_a line_n as_o appear_v at_o large_a in_o the_o pedigree_n of_o the_o d._n of_o norfolk_n henry_n earl_n of_o derbie_n margaret_z daughter_n to_o henry_n clifford_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o elinor_n his_o wife_n daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o charles_n brandon_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n and_o his_o wife_n mary_n queen_n of_o france_n daughter_z to_z k._n henry_n vii_o and_z elizabeth_z heir_n general_a to_o the_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lord_n mortimer_n who_o ancestor_n ralph_n lord_n mortimer_n marry_v to_o gladis_n sister_n and_o coheir_n  _fw-fr to_o david_n and_o daughter_n to_o llewelin_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o k._n henry_n vii_o be_v grandchild_n to_o owen_n tudor_n lineal_o descend_v from_o the_o prince_n of_o south_n wales_n ferdinando_n earl_n of_o derbie_n alice_n daughter_n to_o sir_n john_n spencer_n knight_n sir_n john_n egerton_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n lord_n precedent_n of_o wales_n earl_n of_o bridgwater_n baron_n of_o elsmere_n frances_n daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o ferdinando_n earl_n of_o derbie_n john_n egerton_n baron_n of_o elsmere_n viscount_n brackley_n earl_n of_o bridgwater_n now_o live_v 1661._o bridgwater_n but_o more_o proper_o in_o old_a record_n burgh-walter_n that_o be_v walters_n burgh_n so_o call_v of_o walter_n de_fw-fr duaco_n who_o come_v in_o with_o the_o norman_n and_o have_v fair_a land_n give_v he_o in_o those_o part_n by_o the_o conqueror_n be_v a_o town_n in_o sommersetshire_n a_o great_a and_o populous_a town_n descend_v by_o the_o chawworth_n to_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n and_o be_v by_o king_n henry_n viii_o heir_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n line_n adorn_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o earldom_n which_o he_o bestow_v on_o sir_n henry_n daubeney_n son_n of_o that_o giles_n daubeney_n who_o come_v in_o with_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o from_o britain_n in_o france_n and_o be_v by_o he_o make_v lord_n chamberlain_n and_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n which_o henry_n die_v without_o issue_n this_o title_n lie_v long_o asleep_a be_v afterward_o awaken_v in_o another_o family_n ordain_v to_o be_v a_o seminary_n for_o the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n henry_n lord_n daubeney_n create_v earl_n of_o bridgwater_n 30._o hen._n john_n egerton_n viscount_n brackley_n create_v earl_n of_o bridgwater_n may_v 15._o lord_n precedent_n of_o wales_n etc._n etc._n john_n viscount_n brackley_n create_v earl_n of_o bridgwater_n now_o live_v 1661._o the_o earl_n of_o carnarvan_n this_o right_a honourable_a earl_n now_o live_v be_v the_o worthy_a heir_n of_o that_o most_o worthy_a and_o heroic_a robert_n lord_n dormer_n and_o earl_n of_o
howell_n his_o son_n who_o have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v pledge_n with_o he_o and_o then_o also_o he_o give_v he_o day_n for_o the_o other_o pledge_n and_o for_o his_o tribute_n till_o his_o return_n from_o ireland_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o morrow_n after_o st._n luke_n day_n the_o king_n take_v ship_v there_o and_o have_v fair_a passage_n into_o ireland_n where_o he_o land_v at_o dublin_n and_o there_o lie_v quiet_a that_o winter_n in_o the_o year_n 1172_o there_o fall_v a_o great_a plague_n among_o the_o king_n soldier_n in_o ireland_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o change_n of_o the_o air_n and_o victual_n saviour_n k._n come_v to_o pembrock_n and_o the_o solemnize_v the_o feast_n of_o the_o resurction_n of_o our_o b._n saviour_n which_o cause_v the_o king_n return_n who_o land_v in_o wales_n in_o passion_n week_n if_o such_o a_o week_n be_v now_o remember_v and_o remain_v at_o pembrock_n on_o easter_n day_n which_o do_v it_o not_o constant_o fall_v upon_o sunday_n will_v be_v as_o well_o forget_v or_o at_o least_o disesteem_v as_o the_o birthday_n of_o our_o most_o holy_a and_o bless_a saviour_n and_o reedeemer_n for_o he_o who_o honour_v not_o that_o bless_a nativity_n can_v we_o think_v that_o he_o reverence_v his_o glorious_a resurrection_n and_o the_o day_n follow_v and_o on_o tuesday_n take_v his_o journey_n towards_o england_n the_o lord_n rees_n careful_a to_o comply_v with_o the_o king_n wait_v his_o come_n at_o talacharn_n and_o there_o present_v his_o duty_n 2._o caerlheon_n castle_n anew_o repair_v not_o build_v by_o king_n hen._n 2._o the_o king_n as_o he_o pass_v from_o caerdiff_n by_o the_o new_a castle_n upon_o vsk_n send_v for_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n to_o come_v and_o speak_v with_o he_o under_o safe_a conduct_n for_o he_o his_o son_n and_o friend_n mean_v to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o and_o so_o to_o quiet_v all_o wales_n upon_o these_o summons_n or_o message_n jorwerth_n take_v his_o journey_n towards_o the_o king_n and_o send_v word_n to_o owen_n his_o son_n be_v a_o lusty_a young_a gentleman_n to_o meet_v he_o by_o the_o way_n but_o as_o he_o come_v at_o his_o father_n command_n the_o earl_n of_o bristoll_n man_n by_o this_o earl_n of_o bristol_n i_o know_v not_o who_o mr._n powell_n mean_v reynold_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o bristol_n as_o mr._n mill_n call_v he_o base_a son_n of_o hen._n 1._o for_o in_o our_o usual_a account_n of_o earl_n 69._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 69._o john_n lord_n digby_n of_o sherborne_n be_v account_v the_o first_o of_o that_o place_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o bristol_n sept._n 15._o jac._n 20._o but_o in_o those_o day_n many_o be_v style_v earl_n of_o place_n as_o strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigull_n which_o be_v not_o number_v in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o earl_n hear_v of_o it_o come_v out_o of_o the_o now_o castle_n of_o caerlheon_n upon_o vsk_n and_o lay_v wait_v for_o he_o by_o the_o way_n be_v under_o the_o king_n safe_a conduct_n and_o trust_v to_o his_o promise_n and_o sudden_o set_v upon_o and_o murder_v he_o traitorous_o and_o cowardly_o act_n a_o most_o unworthy_a act_n be_v unarm_v and_o have_v but_o a_o few_o in_o his_o company_n which_o hard_a and_o unchristian_o act_v when_o his_o father_n understand_v by_o some_o of_o his_o follower_n that_o escape_v he_o be_v much_o perplex_v and_o return_v home_o with_o all_o his_o friend_n and_o his_o son_n howell_n revenge_n a_o just_a revenge_n and_o will_v never_o afterward_o trust_v neither_o the_o king_n promise_n nor_o any_o norman_n but_o forthwith_o gather_v all_o his_o power_n and_o friend_n that_o he_o can_v make_v and_o without_o mercy_n destroy_v all_o the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o hereford_n and_o gloucester_n to_o avenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o son_n howsoever_o k._n henry_n make_v lord_n rees_n chief_a justice_n of_o all_o south_n wales_n by_o commission_n suprise_v usual_a then_o as_o now_o for_o the_o welsh_a to_o have_v by-blow_n and_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o son_n abergavenny_z castle_n suprise_v and_o take_v his_o journey_n into_o normandy_n in_o the_o same_o year_n die_v cadwallader_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n who_o have_v by_o his_o wife_n alice_n daughter_n of_o richard_n clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n cunetha_n radulph_n and_o richard_n and_o by_o other_o woman_n he_o have_v cadvan_n cadwallader_n eneon_n meredyth_n goch_n and_o cadwalhon_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n sytsilt_fw-mi ap_fw-mi dyfnwall_n and_o jevan_fw-mi ap_fw-mi syrsilt_fw-mi ap_fw-mi riryd_v get_v the_o castle_n of_o abergavenny_n by_o surprise_n and_o take_v the_o king_n garrison_n prisoner_n and_o the_o year_n ensue_v be_v the_o fair_a winter_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v about_o this_o time_n rees_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n send_v unto_o king_n henry_n his_o son_n howell_n with_o a_o goodly_a company_n of_o man_n to_o serve_v he_o which_o much_o please_v the_o king_n 437._o hol._n pag._n 437._o who_o return_v cordial_a thanks_o to_o prince_n rees_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o this_o prince_n rees_n as_o also_o other_o prince_n of_o south_n wales_n bear_v for_o his_o ensign_n of_o honour_n mars_n rees_n the_o arm_n of_o p._n rees_n a_o lion_n rampant_a and_o border_n endent_v sol_n incense_a jupiter_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n bring_v his_o force_n against_o caerlheon_n and_o they_o of_o the_o town_n fight_v with_o he_o who_o he_o overthrow_v and_o take_v many_o prisoner_n of_o they_o and_o win_v the_o town_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n take_v caerlheon_n town_n and_o castle_n take_v which_o be_v yield_v he_o forthwith_o in_o exchange_n for_o prisoner_n then_o also_o howell_n his_o son_n bring_v all_o ggo_v ît_fw-fr coed_n the_o castle_n only_o except_v the_o castle_n here_o mean_v by_o mr._n powell_n i_o conceive_v be_v strigull_n which_o belong_v to_o earl_n strongbow_n under_o his_o obedience_n and_o take_v pledge_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n also_o at_o that_o time_n david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n make_v war_n against_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n who_o keep_v the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o bring_v his_o people_n over_o mênai_n for_o so_o that_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v call_v which_o separate_v that_o isle_n from_o the_o main_a land_n and_o chase_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o the_o isle_n to_o ireland_n bring_v all_o the_o isle_n under_o subjection_n also_o he_o expel_v all_o his_o brother_n and_o cousin_n out_o of_o north_n wales_n policy_n a_o turkish_a policy_n and_o take_v all_o their_o land_n to_o himself_o and_o take_v his_o brother_n maelgon_n as_o he_o come_v from_o ireland_n detain_v he_o close_a prisoner_n then_o conan_n his_o brother_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1175._o kindred_n the_o welsh_z much_o addict_v to_o geld_v their_o kindred_n howell_n the_o son_n of_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n of_o caerlheon_n take_v his_o uncle_n owen_n pen_n carne_n prisoner_n and_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n geld_v he_o lest_o he_o shall_v beget_v child_n to_o inherit_v caerlheon_n and_o gwent_n but_o god_n provide_v a_o punishment_n for_o he_o for_o upon_o the_o saturday_n follow_v there_o come_v a_o great_a army_n of_o englishman_n and_o norman_n before_o the_o town_n english_a caerlheon_n take_v by_o the_o english_a and_o win_v it_o with_o the_o castle_n maugre_o howell_n and_o his_o father_n who_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o his_o son_n lewd_a deed_n this_o year_n also_o david_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n be_v bold_a of_o the_o king_n affinity_n do_v imprison_v his_o own_o brother_n roderike_n in_o bolt_n because_o he_o desire_v part_n of_o his_o father_n land_n this_o year_n also_o rees_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n come_v to_o the_o king_n court_n at_o gloucester_n and_o bring_v with_o he_o such_o lord_n of_o south_n wales_n as_o have_v offend_v the_o king_n to_o do_v he_o homage_n which_o please_v his_o majesty_n exceed_o who_o name_n be_v these_o cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n of_o melyenyth_n reese_n cousin_n german_a eneon_n clyt_v of_o eluel_n eneon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n of_o werthrynion_n which_o two_o have_v marry_v two_o of_o his_o daughter_n morgan_z ap_fw-mi caradoc_n ap_fw-mi jestin_n of_o glamorgan_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi ivor_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n of_o senghennyth_n silsyt_n of_o high_a ggo_v engl._n caerlheon_n restore_v to_o jorwerth_n by_o the_o k._n of_o engl._n which_o three_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n and_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n of_o caerlheon_n who_o the_o king_n receive_v under_o his_o protection_n restore_v to_o he_o caerlheon_n again_o and_o so_o they_o return_v home_o well_o satisfy_v but_o short_o after_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n lord_n of_o brecknock_n desire_v silsyt_v ap_fw-mi dyfnwall_n geoffrey_n his_o son_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o gentry_n and_o best_a man_n of_o
prison_n but_o short_o after_o by_o god_n help_n they_o break_v the_o prison_n and_o escape_v home_o in_o the_o year_n 1199._o maelgon_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dinerth_n and_o get_v it_o slay_v all_o the_o garrison_n which_o his_o brother_n gruffith_n have_v leave_v to_o defend_v it_o but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n gruffith_n win_v the_o castle_n of_o cilgarran_n and_o fortify_v it_o this_o year_n as_o king_n richard_n do_v view_v the_o castle_n of_o chalens_n in_o france_n reign_n the_o end_n of_o k._n rich._n and_o beginning_n of_o k._n john_n reign_n he_o be_v strike_v with_o a_o quarrel_n and_o sore_o wound_v whereof_o he_o die_v the_o nine_o of_o april_n and_o leave_v by_o his_o testament_n john_n his_o brother_n inheritor_n of_o all_o his_o land_n have_v no_o respect_n to_o arthur_n who_o be_v son_n of_o a_o elder_a brother_n be_v right_a heir_n the_o year_n after_o gruffith_n son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwine_v a_o noble_a man_n die_v habit_n nobleman_n bury_v in_o monk_n habit_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o monk_n cowle_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwey_n and_o so_o be_v all_o the_o noble_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o time_n bury_v this_o year_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n see_v he_o can_v not_o well_o keep_v aberteini_n treacherous_o the_o key_n of_o wales_n sell_v treacherous_o of_o very_a spite_n to_o his_o brother_n and_o hatred_n to_o his_o country_n sell_v it_o to_o the_o englishman_n for_o a_o small_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v the_o very_a key_n of_o wales_n the_o same_o year_n madoc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n do_v build_v the_o abbey_n of_o lhannegwest_n call_v in_o english_a common_o vale_n crucis_fw-la the_o year_n 1201_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n be_v a_o proper_a young_a chivalier_n banish_v out_o of_o the_o land_n his_o cousin_n meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owin_n gwyneth_n suspect_v of_o treason_n and_o seize_v the_o cantref_o of_o lhyyn_n and_o ewyonyth_n to_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o be_v conans_fw-la land_n then_o short_o after_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o p._n rees_n be_v slay_v at_o carnwelhion_n by_o treason_n year_n 1202_o who_o elder_a brother_n gruffith_n seize_v upon_o his_o castle_n in_o lhanymdhfri_n and_o all_o his_o land_n this_o gruffith_n be_v a_o wise_a and_o discreet_a gentleman_n and_o one_o who_o be_v like_a to_o bring_v all_o south_n wales_n to_o good_a order_n and_o obedience_n who_o in_o all_o thing_n follow_v his_o father_n step_n who_o as_o he_o succeed_v in_o government_n so_o do_v he_o in_o all_o martial_a prowess_n and_o nobility_n of_o mind_n but_o cruel_a fortune_n which_o frown_v upon_o that_o country_n suffer_v he_o not_o long_o to_o enjoy_v his_o land_n this_o prince_n die_v on_o st._n james_n day_n ensue_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o stratflur_n with_o great_a solemnity_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v rees_n as_o right_a inheritor_n of_o south_n wales_n who_o mother_n be_v maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n destroy_v gwerthryneon_n castle_n destroy_v the_o next_o year_n after_o certain_a lord_n of_o wales_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o gwerthryneon_n which_o be_v roger_n mortimer_n and_o lay_v it_o plain_a with_o the_o ground_n then_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n p._n of_o north_n wales_n calling_z to_z memory_n his_o estate_n and_o title_n and_o how_o all_o the_o other_o prince_n by_o the_o ordinance_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o howell_n dha_n aught_o of_o right_a to_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n or_o p._n of_o north_n wales_n as_o their_o liege_n lord_n and_o hold_v their_o land_n of_o he_o and_o of_o none_o other_o notwithstanding_o that_o of_o late_a year_n by_o negligence_n of_o his_o predecessor_n they_o have_v not_o use_v their_o accustom_a duty_n but_o some_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n wales_n a_o parliament_n call_v by_o the_o p._n of_o wales_n other_o rule_v as_o supreme_a power_n within_o their_o own_o country_n wherefore_o he_o call_v a_o parliament_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n in_o wales_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n appear_v before_o he_o and_o swear_v to_o be_v his_o liege_n man_n but_o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powis_n will_v not_o come_v thither_o nor_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n which_o disobedience_n the_o prince_n declare_v to_o all_o his_o lord_n and_o they_o all_o thought_n that_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o gwenwynwyn_n shall_v be_v constrain_v by_o force_n to_o do_v his_o duty_n or_o else_o to_o lose_v his_o land_n yet_o one_o of_o his_o lord_n name_v elise_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n will_v not_o condescend_v to_o hurt_v gwenwynwyn_n in_o any_o case_n but_o depart_v away_o sudden_o then_o lhewelyn_n come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o powis_n but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o certain_a learned_a man_n gwenwynwyn_n and_o the_o prince_n be_v make_v friend_n and_o gwenwynwyn_n become_v the_o p._n his_o liege_n man_n and_o confirm_v that_o both_o by_o oath_n and_o write_v then_o lhewelyn_n remember_v how_o elise_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n have_v serve_v he_o seize_v upon_o all_o his_o land_n and_o elise_n flee_v the_o country_n but_o afterward_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o prince_n mercy_n who_o give_v he_o the_o castle_n of_o crogen_n and_o 7_o township_n withal_o crogen_n concern_v the_o byname_n crogen_n and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o declare_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o english_a call_v the_o welsh_a crogens_n as_o a_o word_n of_o reproach_n and_o despite_n but_o if_o they_o know_v the_o beginning_n they_o shall_v find_v the_o contrary_a for_o in_o the_o voyage_n which_o k._n henry_n the_o 2d._o make_v against_o the_o welshman_n to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwin_n as_o he_o lie_v at_o oswalstred_n certain_a of_o his_o man_n that_o be_v send_v to_o try_v the_o passage_n as_o they_o will_v have_v pass_v offas_n ditch_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o crogen_n at_o which_o place_n there_o be_v and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o narrow_a way_n through_o the_o same_o ditch_n these_o man_n i_o say_v as_o they_o will_v have_v pass_v the_o strait_a bedhev_n adwy'r_o bedhev_n be_v meet_v withal_o and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v as_o do_v appear_v by_o their_o grave_n there_o yet_o to_o be_v see_v whereof_o the_o straight_o bear_v the_o name_n therefore_o the_o englishman_n after_o not_o forget_v the_o slaughter_n use_v to_o cast_v the_o welshman_n in_o the_o tooth_n in_o all_o their_o trouble_n with_o the_o name_n of_o crogen_n as_o if_o they_o will_v signify_v unto_o they_o thereby_o that_o they_o shall_v look_v for_o no_o favour_n but_o rather_o revenge_v at_o their_o hand_n which_o word_n in_o process_n of_o time_n grow_v to_o be_v take_v in_o another_o signification_n take_v balani_fw-la castle_n fortify_v lhanymdhyfri_n castle_n take_v now_o when_o lhewelyn_n have_v all_o those_o party_n in_o good_a order_n he_o return_v to_o north_n wales_n and_o by_o the_o way_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o balani_fw-la penlhyn_n about_o the_o same_o time_n rees_n son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n by_o right_a p._n of_o south_n wales_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n upon_o michaelmass_n day_n daughter_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n marry_v the_o king_n of_o england_n daughter_n about_o this_o time_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n take_v to_o wife_n joan_n daughter_n of_o k._n john_n with_o who_o the_o say_a king_n give_v the_o lordship_n of_o elsmere_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n the_o year_n next_o ensue_v the_o aforesaid_a rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangadoc_n and_o fortify_v it_o to_o his_o own_o use_n but_o short_o after_o maelgon_v his_o uncle_n with_o his_o friend_n gwenwynwyn_n come_v with_o a_o strong_a power_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n and_o win_v it_o and_o from_o thence_o they_o remove_v to_o lhangadoc_n year_n 1204_o get_v the_o same_o likewise_o suffer_v the_o garrison_n to_o depart_v gwenwynwyn_n gwenwynwyn_n from_o thence_o maelgon_n go_v to_o dinerth_n and_o finish_v the_o castle_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v there_o about_o this_o time_n david_n son_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n after_o that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n his_o nephew_n have_v set_v he_o at_o liberty_n flee_v to_o england_n and_o get_v a_o army_n to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o ancient_a estate_n in_o north_n wales_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a for_o his_o nephew_n meet_v he_o and_o overthrow_v he_o in_o the_o way_n whereupon_o he_o return_v into_o england_n and_o there_o short_o after_o die_v for_o very_a grief_n and_o sorrow_n the_o next_o year_n to_o this_o howell_n the_o son_n to_o prince_n rees_n be_v blind_a be_v slay_v at_o cemaes_n by_o his_o brother_n maelgons_n man_n and_o bury_v by_o his_o brother_n gruffith_n at_o stratflur_n although_o this_o maelgon_n in_o those_o day_n bear_v
be_v lord_n at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n pass_v the_o river_n of_o conwey_n encamp_v there_o by_o the_o river_n side_n and_o send_v part_n of_o his_o army_n with_o guide_n of_o the_o country_n to_o burn_v bangor_n who_o do_v so_o take_v rotpert_a the_o bishop_n prisoner_n bishop_n a_o strange_a ransom_n for_o a_o bishop_n who_o be_v afterward_o ransom_v for_o 200_o hawk_n the_o distress_a yet_o courageous_a prince_n see_v all_o england_n and_o wales_n against_o he_o and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o land_n win_v from_o he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o capitulate_v with_o the_o king_n and_o thereupon_o he_o send_v joan_n his_o wife_n the_o king_n daughter_n to_o her_o father_n ever_o the_o inland_n of_o northwales_n grant_v to_o k._n john_n for_o ever_o to_o make_v a_o peace_n who_o be_v a_o discreet_a woman_n find_v the_o mean_n that_o upon_o pledge_n give_v for_o safe_a conduct_n the_o prince_n come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o make_v peace_n with_o he_o and_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o give_v pledge_n promise_v towards_o his_o charge_n 20000_o head_n of_o cattle_n and_o forty_o horse_n moreover_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o king_n the_o inland_a for_o ever_o whereupon_o the_o king_n return_v to_o england_n with_o great_a triumph_n after_o he_o have_v bring_v all_o wales_n under_o his_o subjection_n save_v rees_n and_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n therefore_o at_o his_o departure_n he_o give_v strict_a command_n to_o fulk_n visconnt_n of_o caerdâ—ff_n call_v warden_n of_o the_o marsh_n a_o cruel_a tyrant_n viscount_n caerdif_a honour_v with_o a_o viscount_n yet_o well_o belove_v by_o the_o king_n to_o take_v a_o army_n with_o he_o that_o he_o join_v with_o maelgon_n and_o rees_n vachan_n may_v compel_v the_o aforesaid_a son_n of_o gruffith_n to_o obey_v he_o this_o foulk_n call_v to_o he_o maelgon_n and_o rees_n come_v to_o the_o cantref_o of_o penwedic_n when_o the_o young_a lord_n see_v no_o remedy_n send_v to_o he_o for_o peace_n and_o safe_a conduct_n to_o pass_v to_o the_o court_n upon_o their_o submission_n to_o the_o king_n with_o the_o gift_n of_o all_o their_o land_n betwixt_o aeron_n and_o dynâ—_n john_n all_o wales_n in_o homage_n to_o k._n john_n they_o be_v receive_v by_o he_o very_o gentle_o and_o courteous_o entertain_v and_o after_o they_o have_v do_v he_o homage_n they_o return_v home_o again_o fulk_n before_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o the_o country_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o aberystwith_n and_o man_v it_o to_o the_o king_n use_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o maelgon_n as_o he_o be_v very_o unconstant_a and_o rees_n vachan_n repent_v they_o of_o the_o peace_n they_o have_v make_v with_o the_o king_n and_o thereupon_o sit_v down_o before_o aberistwyth_n and_o get_v the_o same_o destroy_v it_o when_o the_o nephew_n rees_n and_o owen_n perceive_v that_o their_o uncle_n have_v break_v the_o king_n peace_n they_o make_v a_o road_n into_o maelgons_n country_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o man_n and_o return_v home_o with_o great_a booty_n the_o next_o year_n prince_n lhewelin_n be_v not_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o displeasure_n which_o the_o garrison_n leave_v in_o his_o nephew_n castle_n in_o north-wales_n do_v to_o his_o people_n call_v to_o he_o gwenwinwyn_n from_o powis_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n from_o southwales_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n maylor_n from_o bromfield_n meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n from_o cydewen_n and_o open_v to_o they_o this_o miserable_a case_n how_o they_o which_o be_v wont_a to_o have_v a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n now_o by_o their_o own_o wilfulness_n be_v bring_v under_o subjection_n to_o a_o stranger_n and_o declare_v also_o unto_o they_o how_o that_o if_o they_o will_v agree_v among_o themselves_o they_o may_v defend_v their_o ancient_a estate_n still_o which_o they_o all_o promise_v to_o do_v and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o forthwith_o gather_v a_o army_n and_o win_v all_o the_o castle_n except_o ruthlan_n and_o dyganwy_n then_o come_v to_o powis_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n which_o robert_n vepont_n have_v make_v at_o mathraval_n command_n mathraval_n castle_n raze_v by_o k._n john_n command_n the_o king_n no_o soon_o have_v notice_n of_o these_o transaction_n but_o he_o levy_v a_o army_n and_o come_v thither_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o after_o cause_v the_o castle_n to_o be_v raze_v and_o then_o return_v home_o have_v great_a matter_n in_o hand_n between_o he_o and_o his_o noble_n and_o be_v at_o nottingham_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o pledge_n out_o of_o wales_n to_o be_v hang_v execution_n a_o tyrannous_a execution_n as_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o cadwalhon_n madoc_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n and_o other_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 28._o stripling_n also_o robert_n vepont_n do_v hang_v at_o shrewsbury_n rees_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n not_o be_v yet_o 7_o year_n of_o age_n and_o so_o cruel_o murder_v the_o innocent_a to_o revenge_v the_o the_o offence_n of_o other_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n who_o be_v heir_n to_o prince_n rees_n see_v he_o can_v have_v no_o part_n of_o his_o father_n land_n but_o that_o his_o uncle_n do_v keep_v all_o from_o he_o by_o force_n make_v his_o complaint_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n pity_v his_o estate_n send_v to_o foulk_n viscount_n of_o caerdyf_n and_o to_o the_o steward_n of_o hereford_n command_v they_o to_o take_v all_o stratywy_a from_o rees_n vachan_n who_o other_o call_v rees_n gryc_a unless_o he_o will_v let_v his_o nephew_n enjoy_v the_o castle_n of_o lanymdhfry_n with_o the_o territory_n belong_v thereunto_o and_o they_o send_v to_o rees_n to_o know_v his_o resolution_n who_o answer_v they_o stout_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v one_o foot_n of_o land_n of_o he_o therefore_o foulk_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n together_o and_o meet_v with_o young_a rees_n at_o talhwynelgain_o where_o he_o look_v for_o he_o with_o a_o number_n of_o man_n that_o he_o have_v get_v in_o brecon_n and_o thence_o they_o march_v in_o three_o battle_n towards_o dynevowr_n of_o which_o young_a rees_n have_v the_o lead_n of_o the_o first_o foulk_n the_o second_o and_o owen_n brother_n to_o rees_n the_o three_o rees_n vachan_n notwithstanding_o come_v bold_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n where_o in_o the_o end_n he_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n with_o great_a loss_n of_o his_o man_n whereupon_o he_o go_v immediate_o and_o man_v the_o castle_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o set_v fire_n to_o the_o town_n of_o lhandeilo_n vawr_n keep_v himself_o in_o the_o wild_a and_o rough_a place_n his_o enemy_n see_v this_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o dynevour_n and_o at_o the_o first_o assault_n they_o win_v the_o first_o ward_n so_o that_o they_o of_o the_o garrison_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v the_o koxe_n for_o their_o defence_n which_o they_o manful_o defend_v but_o the_o assailiants_n make_v engine_n to_o cast_v stone_n of_o great_a bigness_n and_o begin_v to_o undermine_v the_o wall_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o captain_n fall_v to_o that_o composition_n that_o if_o he_o be_v not_o succour_v by_o the_o next_o day_n at_o noon_n he_o will_v deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n upon_o condition_n that_o all_o his_o man_n may_v depart_v with_o their_o armour_n and_o weapon_n and_o so_o they_o do_v for_o they_o have_v no_o relief_n afterward_o they_o bring_v the_o cantref_n maur_n under_o subjection_n which_o cause_v rees_n vachan_n to_o remove_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o his_o brother_n country_n and_o leave_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhfry_n well_o fortify_v and_o man_v after_o the_o departure_n of_o fulke_n young_a rees_n come_v with_o a_o army_n of_o welshman_n and_o norman_n to_o lhanymdhfri_n but_o before_o they_o be_v encamp_v the_o captain_n deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n and_o the_o garrison_n depart_v their_o life_n grant_v and_o short_o after_o rees_n vachan_n be_v take_v at_o caermarthyn_n and_o commit_v to_o the_o king_n prison_n at_o this_o time_n prince_n lhewelyn_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dyganwy_n and_o ruthlan_n &_o win_v they_o both_o so_o that_o he_o leave_v the_o king_n neither_o hold_n nor_o castle_n within_o his_o land_n after_o this_o fortunate_a success_n and_o happy_a attempt_n lhewelyn_n in_o the_o head_n of_o a_o gallant_a army_n march_v to_o shrewsbury_n which_o town_n and_o castle_n be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o without_o any_o resistance_n and_o there_o he_o remain_v a_o while_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n giles_n de_fw-fr bruse_n the_o son_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n a_o man_n of_o great_a power_n and_o nobility_n be_v consecrate_v bishop_n of_o hereford_n hereford_n godwin_n in_o hereford_n sept._n the_o 24_o 1200._o in_o the_o baron_n war_n he_o take_v part_n with_o they_o against_o the_o king_n and_o at_o last_o be_v fain_o to_o fly_v the_o land_n afterward_o be_v
convenit_fw-la inter_fw-la dominum_fw-la hen._n 3._o regem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la illustrem_fw-la ex_fw-la una_fw-la parte_fw-la &_o senenam_fw-la vxorem_fw-la griffini_n silij_fw-la leolini_n quondam_a principis_fw-la northwalliae_a quem_fw-la david_n frater_fw-la ejus_fw-la tenet_fw-la carceri_fw-la mancipation_n cum_fw-la owino_fw-la silio_fw-la sao_fw-la nomine_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la gruffini_fw-la ex_fw-la altera_fw-la etc._n etc._n article_n of_o agreement_n between_o hen._n 3._o king_n of_o eng._n on_o the_o one_o party_n and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n sometime_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o david_n his_o brother_n detain_v in_o prison_n with_o owen_n his_o son_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n on_o the_o other_o party_n i._o inprimis_fw-la the_o say_v senena_n undertake_v that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n will_v give_v unto_o the_o king_n six_o hundred_o mark_n upon_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n do_v cause_n the_o say_v griffith_n and_o owen_n his_o son_n to_o be_v deliver_v from_o prison_n wherein_o they_o be_v keep_v and_o will_v stand_v at_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n whether_o by_o law_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v imprison_v or_o no._n ii_o item_n the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n will_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n for_o and_o concern_v that_o portion_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n his_o father_n which_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o pertain_v unto_o he_o iii_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n undertake_v for_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v yield_v and_o pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o same_o land_n the_o sum_n of_o 300_o hundred_o mark_n whereof_o the_o first_o three_o part_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n the_o second_o in_o kine_n and_o the_o three_o in_o horse_n by_o the_o estimation_n of_o indifferent_a man_n and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o at_o michaelmass_n and_o easter_n by_o even_a portion_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n for_o the_o time_n be_v iv_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n undertake_v further_a for_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v observe_v the_o peace_n against_o the_o say_a david_n and_o suffer_v he_o quiet_o to_o enjoy_v such_o portion_n of_o his_o father_n inheritance_n as_o to_o he_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v due_a v._o item_n the_o say_v senena_n do_v further_o undertake_v for_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n his_o heir_n that_o in_o case_n any_o welshman_n hereafter_o shall_v happen_v to_o rebel_v against_o the_o king_n that_o they_o at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n shall_v compel_v the_o say_a offender_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o disobedience_n vi_o item_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o premise_n the_o say_a senena_n will_v deliver_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n david_n and_o roderike_n her_o son_n for_o pledge_n who_o promise_v that_o if_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o owen_n or_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o die_v before_o their_o delivery_n out_o of_o prison_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o say_v senena_n to_o have_v one_o of_o her_o son_n release_v the_o other_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n for_o pledge_n vii_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n have_v swear_v upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v accomplish_v and_o perform_v all_o the_o premise_n on_o their_o behalf_n and_o further_o undertake_v that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n upon_o his_o delivery_n out_o of_o prison_n shall_v take_v the_o same_o oath_n viii_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n submit_v herself_o concern_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o premise_n unto_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o lichfield_n so_o that_o the_o say_v bishop_n or_o either_o of_o they_o at_o the_o king_n request_n shall_v compel_v the_o say_a gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n to_o observe_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o premise_n on_o their_o behalf_n by_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n upon_o their_o person_n and_o interdiction_n upon_o their_o land_n ix_o and_o last_o the_o say_v senena_n do_v undertake_v &_o promise_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o see_v &_o procure_v the_o full_a performance_n of_o all_o the_o premise_n and_o that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v allow_v and_o perform_v the_o same_o and_o thereof_o shall_v deliver_v his_o instrument_n in_o write_v to_o the_o king_n in_o form_n aforesaid_a to_o this_o charter_n both_o party_n put_v their_o seal_n gruffith_n and_o senena_n to_o that_o part_n which_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n to_o that_o part_n which_o remain_v with_o senena_n moreover_o for_o the_o sure_a performance_n of_o these_o arricles_n the_o say_a senena_n for_o and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o her_o husband_n put_v in_o for_o pledge_n the_o aforesaid_a noble_a man_n to_o wit_n ralph_n mortimer_n walter_z clifford_z roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi etc._n etc._n who_o bind_v themselves_o by_o their_o several_a writing_n obligatory_a to_o the_o king_n in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o follow_v omnibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la scriptum_fw-la visaris_fw-la rogerus_fw-la de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi senescallus_fw-la cestriae_fw-la salutem_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o all_o and_o singular_a to_o who_o this_o writing_n shall_v come_v roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n send_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o i_o have_v constitute_v myself_o pledge_n for_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelin_n sometime_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o have_v undertake_v for_o she_o to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n henry_n of_o england_n that_o the_o say_v senena_n shall_v accomplish_v and_o perform_v all_o and_o singular_a those_o covenant_n and_o article_n agree_v upon_o between_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n and_o the_o say_v senena_n for_o and_o concern_v the_o deliverance_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n and_n owen_n his_o son_n out_o of_o the_o prison_n of_o david_n his_o brother_n and_o the_o portion_n of_o inheritance_n due_a unto_o the_o say_v gruffith_n which_o the_o say_v david_n keep_v from_o he_o by_o force_n in_o witness_v whereof_o to_o this_o present_a writing_n i_o have_v put_v to_o my_o seal_n date_v at_o salop_n the_o monday_n before_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o say_v king_n the_o like_a charter_n be_v make_v by_o every_o one_o of_o the_o other_o noble_a man_n pledge_n who_o bind_v themselves_o with_o the_o like_a word_n further_o such_o of_o the_o say_a lord_n as_o favour_a gruffiths_n cause_n be_v out_o among_o themselves_o and_o be_v now_o make_v friend_n as_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi howel_n lord_n of_o kery_n and_o sr._n ralph_n mortimer_n who_o before_o be_v at_o variance_n whereupon_o david_n be_v drive_v to_o extremity_n have_v most_o of_o the_o nobility_n against_o he_o especial_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n favour_v he_o not_o who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o power_n be_v entire_o belove_v of_o the_o king_n again_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n and_o the_o interdiction_n of_o his_o land_n do_v not_o a_o little_a vex_v he_o but_o the_o king_n presence_n with_o so_o puissant_a a_o army_n do_v so_o move_v his_o spirit_n that_o he_o can_v not_o be_v quiet_a till_o he_o have_v send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o desire_v peace_n with_o this_o submission_n follow_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o article_n of_o david_n submission_n to_o the_o king_n omnibus_fw-la christi_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la ad_fw-la quos_fw-la praesentes_fw-la literae_fw-la pervenerint_fw-la david_n filius_fw-la leolini_n salutem_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o all_o christian_a people_n to_o who_o these_o present_a letter_n shall_v come_v david_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelin_n send_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o i_o have_v grant_v and_o promise_v to_o deliver_v unto_o lord_n henry_n the_o noble_a king_n of_o england_n gruffith_n my_o brother_n with_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n who_o i_o keep_v in_o in_o prison_n and_o all_o other_o prisoner_n who_o by_o occasion_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n lie_v in_o durance_n item_n i_o shall_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n as_o well_o in_o that_o case_n whether_o the_o say_v gruffith_n ought_v to_o be_v detain_v prisoner_n or_o no_o as_o also_o for_o and_o concern_v the_o part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelin_n my_o father_n claim_v by_o the_o say_v gruffith_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o the_o peace_n be_v maintain_v between_o i_o and_o the_o
there_o arise_v a_o great_a debate_n between_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n for_o owen_n can_v not_o be_v content_a with_o half_a the_o principality_n but_o get_v his_o young_a brother_n david_n unto_o he_o catch_n all_o cover_n all_o lose_a or_o harm_v watch_v harm_n catch_n and_o they_o two_o levy_v a_o army_n to_o disinherit_v lhewelin_n who_o with_o his_o man_n meet_v with_o they_o in_o the_o field_n and_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n give_v they_o a_o overthrow_n where_o he_o take_v they_o both_o prisoner_n and_o then_o seize_v all_o their_o land_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n enjoy_v alone_o the_o whole_a principality_n of_o wales_n the_o year_n ensue_v all_o the_o lord_n come_v to_o prince_n lhewelin_n and_o make_v their_o complaint_n to_o he_o with_o weep_a eye_n how_o cruel_o they_o be_v handle_v by_o prince_n edward_n and_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n their_o land_n be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o force_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n they_o do_v offend_v they_o be_v punish_v with_o extremity_n but_o where_o they_o be_v wrong_v they_o find_v no_o remedy_n therefore_o they_o protest_v before_o god_n and_o he_o welsh_a a_o gallant_a re-sold_a on_o of_o the_o welsh_a that_o they_o will_v rather_o die_v in_o the_o field_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o right_n then_o to_o be_v make_v slave_n by_o stranger_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n pity_v both_o his_o own_o estate_n and_o they_o determine_v together_o utter_o with_o they_o to_o refuse_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o englishman_n rather_o to_o die_v in_o liberty_n then_o to_o live_v in_o thraldom_n shame_n and_o opprobry_n and_o gather_v all_o his_o power_n first_o recover_v again_o all_o the_o inland_a country_n of_o north-wales_n and_o afterward_o all_o merionith_n and_o such_o land_n as_o edward_n have_v usurp_v in_o caerdigan_n which_o he_o give_v to_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n prince_n a_o heroic_a prince_n and_o buelht_v he_o give_v to_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n chase_v away_o rees_n vachan_n out_o or_o the_o same_o and_o so_o honourable_o divide_v all_o that_o he_o win_v among_o his_o baron_n that_o he_o keep_v nothing_o to_o himself_o but_o a_o perpetual_a fame_n of_o his_o liberality_n then_o also_o he_o recover_v gwerthryneon_n from_o sr._n roger_n mortimer_n the_o summer_n follow_v prince_n lhewelin_n make_v war_n against_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi gwenwinwin_n who_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o win_v all_o powis_n from_o he_o save_v the_o castle_n of_o pole_n and_o a_o little_a of_o caerneon_n and_o land_v by_o severne_n side_n rees_n vachan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n mechylh_n meaning_n to_o recover_v his_o land_n again_o battle_n a_o bloody_a battle_n obtain_v of_o the_o king_n a_o great_a army_n whereof_o one_o stephen_n bacon_n be_v captain_n and_o come_v to_o caermarthin_n by_o sea_n and_o march_v from_o thence_o towards_o dynevowr_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n overthrow_v the_o english_a overthrow_v but_o the_o princess_n power_n come_v with_o his_o cousin_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n where_o there_o be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n as_o ever_o have_v be_v in_o wales_n of_o so_o many_o man_n and_o in_o the_o end_n the_o englishman_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o lose_v of_o their_o man_n above_o 2000_o soldier_n from_o thence_o the_o prince_n army_n go_v to_o dynet_n and_o burn_v all_o the_o country_n and_o destroy_v the_o the_o castle_n of_o abercorran_n lhanstephan_n maenclochoc_n victorious_a the_o welsh_a victorious_a and_o aberth_n and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o much_o spoil_n and_o forthwith_o not_o be_v able_a to_o abide_v the_o wrong_n which_o greffry_n lanley_n lieutenant_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n do_v to_o they_o man_n m._n par._n p_o 1251_o tho._n walsh_n hypodigma_fw-la p._n 61._o brave-spirited_n man_n the_o prince_n enter_v the_o earl_n land_n and_o destroy_v all_o to_o the_o gate_n of_o chester_n on_o either_o side_n the_o water_n whereupon_o edward_n the_o earl_n flee_v to_o his_o uncle_n who_o be_v then_o choose_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o succour_v and_o return_v back_o with_o a_o army_n dare_v not_o fight_v with_o the_o prince_n who_o have_v 10000_o arm_a man_n every_o one_o swear_v to_o die_v in_o the_o field_n if_o need_v requre_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n 1253_o a_o judas_n among_o his_o countryman_n m._n par._n p._n 1253_o yet_o griffith_z ap_fw-mi madoc_n maelor_n common_o surname_v lord_n of_o dynas_n bran_n which_o be_v a_o castle_n stand_v upon_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n of_o situation_n impregnable_a in_o the_o lordship_n of_o chirk_n forsake_v the_o prince_n and_o serve_v the_o earl_n with_o all_o his_o power_n which_o earl_n be_v count_v a_o cruel_a and_o unjust_a man_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o right_a promise_n or_o oath_n 277._o mat._n west_n p._n 277._o the_o next_o year_n prince_n lhewelyn_n seize_v into_o his_o hand_n cymey_n and_o make_v peace_n between_o rees_n gâ—yc_a and_o rees_n vachan_n his_o brother_n son_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o trefdraeth_n or_o newport_n with_o all_o ros_n chief_a a_o â—ust_z punishment_n for_o a_o traitor_n o_o his_o country_n oâ—_n three_o not_o catch_v with_o chief_a save_v hanerford_n then_o destroy_v the_o country_n in_o his_o way_n towards_o glamorgan_n he_o raise_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangymwch_n and_o return_v to_o north-wales_n meet_v with_o edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n by_o the_o way_n who_o he_o cause_v to_o retire_v back_o and_o then_o destroy_v the_o land_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n therefore_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o almain_n write_v to_o he_o gentle_o to_o depart_v home_o which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v but_o devide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battle_n in_o every_o of_o which_o as_o matthew_n paris_n say_v there_o be_v 1500._o 1279._o mat._n par._n fol._n 12â—8_n the_o welsh_a beat_v the_o irish_a at_o sea_n mat._n par._n fol._n 1271._o a_o prudent_a and_o politic_a prince_n king_n hen._n unfortunate_a in_o his_o undertake_n against_o wales_n mat._n paris_n fol._n 12â—5_n english_a almain_n gascoâ—nes_n and_o irish_a against_o wales_n mat._n paris_n fol._n 1274_o &_o 1279._o footman_n and_o 500_o horseman_n well_o appoint_v whereupon_o edward_n send_v to_o the_o irishman_n to_o come_v to_o he_o to_o his_o succour_n whereof_o the_o prince_n be_v certify_v make_v ready_a his_o bishop_n and_o send_v they_o to_o sea_n with_o sufficient_a power_n to_o resist_v the_o come_n of_o his_o enemy_n that_o way_n prevent_v he_o so_o that_o the_o irish_a be_v overcome_v and_o send_v home_o with_o great_a loss_n wherefore_o the_o king_n with_o his_o son_n be_v in_o a_o great_a rage_n gather_v all_o the_o strength_n of_o england_n from_o st._n michael_n mount_n to_o twede_n and_o come_v to_o north-wales_n as_o far_o as_o tegenwy_n but_o the_o prince_n cause_v all_o the_o victual_n to_o be_v remove_v over_o the_o river_n conwey_n and_o keep_v all_o the_o strait_n and_o passage_n so_o narrow_o that_o the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o tetire_v to_o england_n with_o great_a loss_n then_o prince_n lhewelyn_n call_v unto_o he_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n come_v to_o the_o march_n where_o gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n yield_v himself_o unto_o he_o because_o the_o king_n can_v not_o defend_v his_o land_n and_o seize_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n all_o the_o land_n in_o powis_n he_o banish_v the_o lord_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n where_o also_o he_o give_v the_o english_a man_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o worthy_a soldier_n and_o such_o as_o the_o king_n love_v well_o which_o cause_v the_o king_n to_o call_v his_o strength_n unto_o he_o and_o send_v to_o gascoigne_n and_o ireland_n for_o succour_n and_o then_o come_v into_o wales_n in_o harvest_n time_n destroy_v all_o the_o corn_n that_o be_v in_o his_o way_n yet_o he_o go_v not_o far_o beyond_o chester_n but_o return_v back_o without_o do_v any_o notable_a act_n for_o god_n as_o matthew_n paris_n say_v defend_v the_o poor_a people_n that_o put_v their_o whole_a confidence_n in_o he_o the_o lord_n james_n aud_o who_o daughter_n gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n have_v marry_v bring_v a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n from_o almain_n to_o serve_v against_o the_o welshman_n welsh_a god_n the_o protector_n of_o the_o welsh_a who_o with_o their_o great_a horse_n and_o unaccustomed_a kind_n of_o fight_n overthrow_v the_o welshman_n at_o the_o encounter_n wherefore_o the_o welshman_n mind_v short_o after_o to_o revenge_v the_o displeasure_n make_v road_n into_o the_o say_a lord_n audleye_n land_n where_o the_o almain_n set_v upon_o they_o pursue_v hard_o such_o as_o flee_v to_o the_o strait_n who_o use_v that_o flight_n for_o a_o policy_n return_v again_o so_o sudden_o and_o so_o fi_fw-la rce_o upon_o the_o almain_n that_o they_o
the_o altar_n we_o hope_v that_o your_o fatherhood_n and_o the_o say_a court_n of_o rome_n will_v rather_o with_o pity_n lament_v our_o case_n than_o with_o rigour_n of_o punishment_n augment_v our_o sorrow_n neither_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v in_o any_o wise_a disquiet_v or_o trouble_v by_o our_o mean_n as_o be_v affirm_v so_o that_o we_o may_v have_v the_o peace_n due_o keep_v and_o observe_v towards_o we_o and_o our_o people_n who_o they_o be_v that_o be_v delight_v with_o bloodshed_n and_o war_n be_v manifest_o apparent_a by_o their_o deed_n and_o behaviour_n for_o we_o will_v live_v quiet_o upon_o our_o own_o if_o we_o may_v be_v suffer_v but_o the_o englishman_n come_v to_o our_o country_n do_v put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n neither_o spare_a sex_n age_n or_o sickness_n or_o any_o thing_n regard_v church_n or_o sacred_a place_n the_o like_a whereof_o the_o welshman_n never_o commit_v that_o one_o have_v pay_v his_o ransom_n be_v afterward_o slay_v we_o be_v right_o sorry_a to_o hear_v of_o it_o neither_o do_v we_o maintain_v the_o offender_n who_o escape_v our_o hand_n keep_v himself_o as_o a_o outlaw_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o unknown_a place_n that_o some_o begin_v the_o war_n in_o a_o time_n not_o meet_v or_o convenient_a that_o understand_v not_o we_o of_o till_o now_o and_o yet_o they_o who_o do_v the_o same_o do_v affirm_v that_o in_o case_n they_o have_v not_o do_v as_o they_o do_v at_o that_o time_n they_o have_v be_v slay_v or_o take_v prisoner_n be_v not_o in_o safety_n in_o their_o own_o house_n and_o force_v continual_o for_o safeguard_n of_o their_o life_n to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o armour_n and_o therefore_o to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o that_o fear_n they_o take_v that_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n concern_v those_o thing_n which_o we_o commit_v against_o god_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o grace_n lhewelyn_n a_o true_a christian_a resolution_n in_o lhewelyn_n we_o will_v as_o it_o become_v christian_n repent_v and_o turn_v unto_o he_o neither_o shall_v the_o war_n on_o our_o part_n be_v continue_v so_o that_o we_o be_v save_v harmless_a and_o may_v live_v as_o we_o ought_v but_o before_o we_o be_v disinherit_v or_o slay_v we_o must_v defend_v ourselves_o as_o well_o as_o we_o may_v of_o all_o injury_n and_o wrong_n do_v by_o we_o we_o be_v most_o willing_a and_o ready_a upon_o the_o due_a examination_n and_o trial_n of_o the_o trespass_n and_o wrong_v commit_v on_o both_o side_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o our_o power_n so_o that_o the_o like_a on_o the_o king_n side_n be_v perform_v in_o like_a manner_n towards_o we_o and_o our_o people_n and_o to_o conclude_v and_o establish_v a_o peace_n we_o be_v most_o ready_a but_o what_o peace_n can_v be_v establish_v when_o as_o the_o king_n charter_n so_o solemn_o confirm_v be_v not_o keep_v and_o perform_v our_o people_n be_v daily_o oppress_v with_o new_a exaction_n we_o send_v unto_o you_o also_o a_o note_n in_o write_v of_o the_o wrong_n &_o injury_n which_o be_v do_v unto_o we_o contrary_a to_o that_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n before_o make_v we_o have_v put_v ourselves_o in_o armour_n be_v drive_v thereunto_o by_o necessity_n for_o we_o and_o our_o people_n be_v so_o oppress_v tread_v under_o foot_n spoil_v and_o bring_v to_o slavery_n by_o the_o king_n officer_n contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n conclude_v against_o justice_n none_o otherwise_o then_o if_o we_o be_v saracen_n or_o jew_n whereof_o we_o have_v oftentimes_o complain_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o never_o can_v get_v any_o redress_n but_o always_o those_o officer_n be_v afterward_o more_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a against_o we_o and_o when_o those_o officer_n through_o their_o ravine_n and_o extortion_n be_v enrich_v other_o more_o hungry_a than_o they_o be_v send_v afresh_o to_o flay_v those_o who_o the_o other_o have_v shear_v before_o so_o that_o the_o people_n wish_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o live_v in_o such_o oppression_n and_o now_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o levy_v any_o army_n to_o war_n upon_o we_o or_o move_v the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n against_o we_o so_o that_o the_o peace_n may_v be_v observe_v due_o and_o true_o as_o before_o be_v express_v neither_o ought_v your_o holy_a fatherhood_n to_o give_v credit_n to_o all_o that_o our_o adversary_n do_v allege_v against_o we_o for_o even_o as_o in_o their_o deed_n they_o have_v and_o do_v oppress_v we_o so_o in_o their_o word_n they_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o slander_v we_o lay_v to_o our_o charge_n what_o like_v they_o best_o therefore_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v always_o present_a with_o you_o and_o we_o absent_a from_o you_o they_o oppress_v we_o oppress_v we_o be_v to_o desire_v you_o even_o for_o his_o sake_n from_o who_o nothing_o be_v hide_v not_o to_o credit_v man_n word_n but_o to_o examine_v their_o deed_n thus_o we_o bid_v your_o holiness_n farewell_o date_v at_o garth_n celyn_n in_o the_o feast_n of_o saint_n martin_n certain_a grief_n send_v from_o lhewelyn_n to_o the_o archbishop_n translate_v word_n by_o word_n out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o say_a archbishop_n where_o that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n conclude_v as_o follow_v 1._o if_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n will_v claim_v any_o right_n in_o any_o land_n occupy_v by_o any_o other_o then_o by_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n without_o the_o say_v 4_o cantress_n the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n shall_v do_v he_o full_a justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o those_o quarter_n or_o part_n where_o the_o say_v land_n do_v lie_v which_o article_n be_v not_o observe_v in_o the_o land_n of_o frust_o and_o betwixt_o the_o water_n of_o dyni_n and_o dulas_n for_o that_o when_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n claim_v the_o say_v land_n before_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o ruthlan_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v he_o the_o cause_n to_o be_v examine_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o advocate_n of_o the_o party_n be_v bring_v in_o and_o the_o judge_n which_o vulgar_o they_o call_v ynnayd_v before_o the_o king_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o say_a land_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o defendant_n appear_v and_o answer_v so_o that_o the_o same_o day_n the_o cause_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v full_o determine_v according_a to_o the_o appointment_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n who_o at_o his_o be_v at_o gloucester_n have_v assign_v the_o party_n the_o say_a day_n and_o though_o the_o same_o cause_n be_v in_o divers_a place_n often_o hear_v and_o examine_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o the_o land_n be_v in_o north_n wales_n and_o never_o judge_v but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o the_o king_n but_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n to_o prorogue_v the_o cause_n all_o that_o notwithstanding_o he_o prorogue_v the_o day_n of_o his_o own_o motion_n contrary_a to_o the_o say_a law_n and_o at_o the_o last_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n be_v call_v to_o divers_a place_n whither_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v call_v neither_o can_v he_o obtain_v justice_n nor_o any_o judgement_n unless_o it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n contrary_a to_o the_o say_a article_n of_o peace_n and_o the_o same_o be_v do_v at_o montgomery_n when_o the_o party_n be_v present_a in_o judgement_n and_o a_o day_n appoint_v to_o hear_v the_o sentence_n they_o prorogue_v the_o say_a day_n contrary_a to_o the_o aforesaid_a law_n and_o at_o the_o last_o the_o king_n himself_o at_o london_n deny_v he_o justice_n unless_o he_o will_v be_v judge_v according_a to_o the_o english_a law_n in_o the_o say_a matter_n 2._o all_o injury_n trespass_n and_o fault_n on_o either_o part_n do_v be_v clear_o remit_v unto_o this_o present_a day_n this_o article_n be_v not_o keep_v for_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o lord_n reginald_n grey_n be_v make_v justice_n he_o move_v divers_a and_o innumerable_a accusation_n against_o the_o man_n of_o tegengl_n and_o ros_n for_o trespass_n do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n when_o they_o bare_a rule_n in_o those_o part_n whereby_o the_o say_v man_n dare_v not_o for_o fear_n keep_v their_o own_o house_n 3._o whereas_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o rees_n vachan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi maelgon_fw-mi shall_v enjoy_v his_o possession_n with_o all_o the_o land_n which_o he_o now_o hold_v etc._n etc._n after_o the_o peace_n conclude_v he_o be_v spoil_v of_o his_o land_n in_o geneurglyn_n which_o he_o then_o hold_v with_o the_o man_n and_o cattle_n of_o the_o same_o 4._o also_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n grant_v that_o all_o tenant_n hold_v land_n in_o the_o 4_o cantref_n or_o in_o other_o place_n which_o the_o king_n hold_v in_o
people_n for_o county_n nor_o for_o gain_n do_v move_v war_n invade_v not_o man_n land_n but_o defend_v their_o own_o land_n law_n and_o liberty_n and_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n of_o inveterated_a hatred_n and_o for_o covetuousnesse_n to_o get_v our_o land_n invade_v the_o same_o move_v war_n we_o therefore_o see_v our_o defence_n be_v just_a and_o lawful_a and_o herein_o we_o trust_v god_n will_v help_v we_o and_o will_v turn_v his_o revenge_n upon_o destroyer_n of_o church_n who_o have_v root_v up_o and_o burn_v church_n and_o take_v out_o both_o all_o sacrament_n and_o sacred_a thing_n from_o they_o kill_v priest_n clerk_n religious_a lame_a dumb_a deaf_a youngling_n suckling_n at_o their_o mother_n pap_n weak_a and_o impotent_a both_o man_n and_o woman_n and_o commit_v all_o other_o enormity_n as_o partly_o it_o appear_v to_o your_o holiness_n wherefore_o god_n forbid_v that_o your_o holiness_n shall_v fulminate_v sentence_n against_o any_o but_o such_o as_o have_v do_v such_o thing_n we_o who_o have_v suffer_v all_o those_o thing_n at_o the_o king_n officer_n hand_n do_v hope_n at_o your_o hand_n remedy_n and_o comfort_n and_o that_o you_o will_v punish_v such_o church_n robber_n and_o killer_n who_o can_v defend_v themselves_o no_o way_n lest_o their_o impunity_n be_v cause_n and_o example_n for_o other_o to_o do_v the_o like_a very_o many_o in_o our_o country_n do_v much_o marvel_n that_o you_o counsel_v we_o to_o leave_v our_o own_o land_n and_o to_o go_v to_o another_o man_n land_n to_o live_v among_o our_o enemy_n for_o see_v we_o can_v have_v peace_n in_o our_o own_o land_n which_o be_v our_o own_o right_n much_o less_o shall_v we_o be_v quiet_a in_o a_o other_o man_n among_o our_o enemy_n and_o though_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o live_v in_o war_n and_o peril_n hard_o it_o be_v to_o be_v utter_o destroy_v and_o bring_v to_o nothing_o especial_o for_o christian_n seek_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o defend_v our_o own_o be_v by_o necessity_n drive_v thereunto_o and_o the_o greedy_a ambition_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o your_o holiness_n tell_v we_o that_o you_o have_v fulminate_v sentence_n against_o all_o that_o for_o hatred_n or_o gain_n do_v hinder_v the_o peace_n and_o it_o appear_v evident_o who_o do_v war_n for_o those_o cause_n the_o fear_n of_o death_n the_o fear_n of_o imprisonment_n the_o fear_n of_o perpetual_a prison_n the_o fear_n of_o disinherit_n no_o keep_n of_o promise_n covenant_n grant_v or_o charter_n tyrannical_a dominion_n and_o many_o more_o like_a compel_v we_o to_o be_v in_o war_n and_o this_o we_o show_v to_o god_n and_o to_o your_o lordship_n desire_v your_o godly_a and_o charitable_a help_n furthermore_o if_o any_o in_o england_n have_v offend_v the_o king_n as_o many_o do_v offend_v he_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o be_v disinherited_a so_o if_o any_o of_o we_o have_v offend_v the_o king_n let_v he_o be_v punish_v and_o make_v satisfaction_n as_o he_o may_v without_o exhereditate_v as_o we_o trust_v in_o you_o we_o pray_v you_o holy_a father_n to_o labour_v to_o this_o end_n if_o they_o lie_v to_o we_o that_o we_o break_v the_o peace_n it_o appear_v evident_o that_o they_o and_o not_o we_o break_v the_o same_o who_o never_o keep_v promise_n nor_o covenant_n nor_o order_n make_v any_o amends_o for_o trespass_n nor_o remedy_n for_o our_o complaint_n when_o the_o archbishop_n can_v not_o conclude_v a_o peace_n he_o denounce_v the_o prince_n and_o his_o complice_n accurse_v then_o the_o king_n send_v his_o army_n by_o sea_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n which_o they_o win_v and_o slay_v such_o as_o resist_v they_o for_o the_o chief_a man_n serve_v the_o king_n as_o their_o oath_n be_v so_o they_o come_v over_o against_o bangor_n where_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v mênath_n enemy_n spaniard_n scot_n and_o gescoynes_n german_n norman_n and_o english_a all_o concur_v against_o the_o welsh_a quantae_fw-la molis_fw-la erat_fw-la britannam_n perdere_fw-la gentem_fw-la gramercy_o horse_n the_o welsh_a rout_n their_o enemy_n which_o divide_v the_o isle_n from_o the_o main_a land_n be_v narrow_a and_o the_o place_n call_v moe_o donn_n and_o there_o make_v a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n and_o plank_n over_o the_o water_n where_o before_o julius_n agricola_n do_v the_o like_a when_o he_o subdue_v the_o isle_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o not_o betwixt_o man_n and_o britain_n as_o polidore_n virgil_n ignorant_o affirm_v this_o bridge_n be_v accomplish_v so_o that_o threescore_o man_n may_v well_o pass_v over_o in_o a_o front_n william_n latimer_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o best_a soldier_n and_o lucas_n thany_n steward_n of_o gascon_a with_o his_o gascoynes_n and_o spaniard_n whereof_o a_o great_a number_n be_v come_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n pass_v over_o the_o bridge_n and_o there_o see_v no_o appearance_n of_o enemy_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o flow_v down_o come_v the_o welshman_n from_o the_o hill_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o fierce_o and_o either_o slay_v or_o chase_v they_o to_o the_o sea_n to_o drown_v themselves_o for_o the_o water_n be_v so_o high_a that_o they_o can_v not_o attain_v the_o bridge_n save_v william_n latimer_n alone_a who_o horse_n carry_v he_o to_o the_o bridge_n and_o so_o he_o escape_v there_o be_v slay_v and_o drown_v at_o this_o time_n many_o worthy_a soldier_n and_o among_o other_o that_o famous_a knight_n sr._n lucas_n thany_n robert_n clifford_n sr._n william_n lindsey_n and_o two_o gentleman_n of_o good_a account_n that_o be_v brethren_n to_o robert_n burnel_n then_o bishop_n of_o bath_n there_o perish_v in_o all_o thirteen_o knight_n welsh_a haul_v p._n 791._o tho._n walsh_n p._n 11._o chro._n dunst_n the_o k._n of_o eng._n hard_o put_v to_o it_o by_o the_o valiant_a welsh_a 17._o young_a gentleman_n and_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 200_o footman_n which_o happen_v upon_o st._n leonard_n day_n thomas_n walsingham_n write_v that_o the_o king_n lose_v in_o this_o voyage_n a_o little_a before_o this_o 14_o ensign_n at_o which_o time_n the_o lord_n william_n de_fw-fr audley_n and_o the_o lord_n roger_n clifford_n the_o young_a and_o many_o other_o be_v slay_v and_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v drive_v to_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o hope_n for_o his_o safeguard_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v the_o e._n of_o gloucester_n and_o sr._n edmund_n mortimer_n with_o a_o army_n in_o southwales_n where_o be_v many_o that_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o there_o seek_v with_o the_o prince_n friend_n at_o lhandeilo_n vawr_n and_o give_v they_o a_o overthrow_n wherein_o on_o the_o king_n side_n young_a william_n de_fw-fr valence_n his_o cousin_n germane_a &_o four_o knight_n more_o be_v slay_v all_o this_o while_n the_o prince_n destroy_v the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o all_o the_o land_n of_o rees_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n who_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o all_o those_o war_n but_o afterward_o the_o prince_n separate_v himself_o from_o his_o army_n with_o a_o few_o and_o come_v to_o buelht_n think_v to_o remain_v their_o quiet_o for_o a_o while_n and_o by_o chance_n as_o he_o come_v by_o the_o water_n why_o there_o be_v edmund_n mortimer_n and_o john_n gifford_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n and_o either_o party_n be_v abash_v of_o other_o edmund_z mortimer_n man_n be_v of_o that_o country_n for_o his_o father_n be_v lord_n thereof_o then_o the_o prince_n depart_v from_o his_o man_n and_o go_v to_o the_o valley_n with_o his_o esquire_n alone_o to_o talk_v with_o certain_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n who_o have_v promise_v to_o meet_v he_o there_o then_o some_o of_o his_o man_n see_v the_o enemy_n come_v down_o from_o the_o hill_n keep_v the_o bridge_n call_v pont_n orewyn_n and_o defend_v the_o passage_n manful_o till_o one_o declare_v to_o the_o englishman_n where_o a_o ford_n be_v a_o little_a below_o through_o the_o which_o they_o send_v a_o number_n of_o their_o man_n with_o helias_n walwyn_n who_o sudden_o fall_v upon_o they_o that_o defend_v the_o bridge_n in_o their_o back_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n the_o prince_n esquire_n tell_v the_o prince_n as_o he_o stand_v secret_o expect_v the_o come_n of_o such_o as_o promise_v to_o meet_v he_o in_o a_o little_a grove_n that_o he_o hear_v a_o great_a noise_n &_o cry_v at_o the_o bridge_n wales_n p._n lhewelyn_n slay_v &_o with_o he_o the_o glory_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o prince_n ask_v whether_o his_o man_n have_v take_v the_o bridge_n and_o he_o say_v yes_o then_o say_v the_o prince_n i_o pass_v not_o if_o all_o the_o power_n of_o england_n be_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n but_o sudden_o behold_v the_o horseman_n about_o the_o grove_n and_o as_o he_o will_v have_v escape_v unto_o his_o man_n they_o pursue_v he_o so_o hard_o that_o one_o adam_n francton_n run_v he_o through_o with_o
ordain_v that_o the_o land_n so_o conquer_v shall_v be_v hold_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o upon_o this_o and_o such_o like_a occasion_n divers_a of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n have_v land_n upon_o the_o say_a border_n of_o wales_n make_v road_n and_o incursion_n upon_o the_o welsh_a whereby_o divers_a part_n of_o that_o country_n near_o or_o towards_o the_o say_a border_n be_v win_v by_o the_o sword_n from_o the_o welshman_n and_o be_v plant_v partly_o with_o english_a colony_n and_o the_o say_a land_n so_o conquer_v be_v hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la policy_n another_o policy_n and_o be_v call_v therefore_o barony_n marcher_n in_o such_o manner_n do_v robert_n fitz_n hamon_n acquire_v unto_o himself_o and_o such_o other_o as_o assist_v he_o the_o whole_a lordship_n of_o glamorgan_n use_v in_o some_o resemblance_n the_o roman_a policy_n to_o enlarge_v territory_n by_o step_v in_o between_o two_o competitor_n and_o by_o help_v the_o one_o he_o subdue_v the_o other_o and_o afterward_o turn_v his_o sword_n against_o he_o who_o he_o have_v assist_v &_o make_v this_o the_o pretence_n of_o his_o quarrel_n allege_v that_o he_o who_o he_o have_v assist_v have_v deny_v to_o make_v unto_o he_o sufficient_a recompense_n for_o he_o sustain_v travel_n and_o so_o make_v himsel_n absolute_a owner_n of_o all_o likewise_o bernard_n newmarsh_n conquer_v the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n contain_v three_o cantred_n and_o establish_v his_o conquest_n by_o a_o marriage_n in_o the_o welsh_a blood_n marcher_n the_o original_a of_o the_o barony_n marcher_n but_o she_o prove_v a_o blemish_n to_o her_o country_n hugh_n lacie_n conquer_v the_o land_n of_o ewyas_n call_v after_o his_o name_n ewyas_n lacie_n and_o other_o do_v the_o like_a in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o border_n all_o which_o be_v barony_n marcher_n and_o be_v hold_v by_o such_o the_o conqueror_n thereof_o in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o because_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n may_v the_o better_o keep_v the_o say_a land_n so_o acquire_v b_o sr._n j._n dod._n fol._n 38._o 13_o fitzh_n jur._n 23_o 47_o ed._n 1._o 5_o 6_o 7_o 6_o h._n 5._o fitzh_n juris_fw-la 34_o 7_o h._n 6._o 35._o 36._o 30._o b_o 6._o 6._o b_o and_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v withdraw_v by_o suit_n of_o law_n from_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v thus_o subdue_v the_o say_a lordship_n and_o land_n so_o conquer_v be_v ordain_v barony_n marcher_n and_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o palatine_n jurisdiction_n erect_v in_o every_o of_o they_o and_o power_n to_o administer_v justice_n unto_o their_o tenant_n in_o every_o of_o their_o territory_n have_v therein_o court_v with_o divers_a privilege_n franchise_n and_o immunity_n so_o that_o the_o writ_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_v not_o currant_n among_o they_o nevertheless_o if_o the_o whole_a barony_n have_v come_v in_o question_n or_o that_o the_o strife_n have_v be_v between_o two_o baron_n marcher_n touch_v their_o territory_n or_o confine_n thereof_o for_o want_v of_o a_o superior_a they_o have_v recourse_n unto_o the_o king_n their_o supreme_a lord_n and_o in_o these_o and_o such_o like_a case_n where_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n fail_v justice_n be_v administer_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o superior_a court_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n both_z before_z and_o after_o the_o general_a conquest_n thereof_o make_v by_o k._n edw._n i._n until_o the_o 27_o year_n of_o k._n henry_n viii_o and_o as_o touch_v the_o first_o council_n establish_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n it_o be_v conceive_v by_o the_o best_a and_o most_o probable_a opinion_n among_o antiquary_n that_o the_o same_o begin_v in_o or_o about_o 17o._o edw._n iu._n when_o as_o prince_n edward_n his_o son_n be_v send_v into_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n under_o the_o tuition_n of_o the_o l._n rivers_n his_o uncle_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n at_o what_o time_n also_o john_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n be_v appoint_v l._n precedent_n of_o wales_n prince_n arthur_n the_o son_n of_o k._n henry_n vii_o in_o the_o 17._o of_o his_o reign_n go_v into_o wales_n at_o what_o time_n dr._n will._n smith_n after_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n and_o there_o bury_v be_v then_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o march_n he_o found_v brasonnose_n college_n in_o oxford_n and_o bear_v for_o his_o arm_n arg_v a_o fess_v dancette_fw-it inter_fw-la gules_a this_o man_n be_v also_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n viii_o until_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o say_v king_n at_o what_o time_n geoffrey_n blyth_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n and_o lichfield_n succeed_v in_o the_o office_n of_o precedent_n in_o the_o say_a council_n there_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o office_n of_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n rowland_n lee_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n and_o lichfield_n and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n and_o government_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n 27o._o h._n 8._o the_o say_a king_n by_o a_o statute_n make_v 27o._o regni_fw-la wales_n wales_n annex_v to_o england_n &_o the_o english_a law_n bring_v into_o wales_n unite_v and_o annex_v the_o principality_n and_o dominion_n of_o wales_n unto_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n alter_v in_o many_o part_n the_o former_a jurisdiction_n and_o government_n thereof_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o like_a administration_n of_o justice_n as_o be_v and_o yet_o be_v usual_a in_o england_n appont_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n shall_v take_v place_n there_o and_o that_o all_o welsh_a law_n abrogate_a welsh_a law_n abrogate_a sinister_a custom_n and_o tenor_n not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v thenceforth_o abrogate_a and_o abolish_v of_o which_o union_n and_o annexion_n first_o for_o that_o thereof_o have_v ensue_v great_a peace_n tranquillity_n and_o infinite_a good_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n of_o wales_n second_o because_o in_o some_o respect_n it_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o project_n and_o precedent_n in_o some_o other_o union_n and_o annexion_n of_o as_o much_o of_o more_o consequence_n and_o importance_n mean_v peradventure_o the_o annexion_n of_o scotland_n be_v mean_v and_o three_o because_o the_o say_a union_n do_v contain_v a_o express_a image_n of_o the_o politic_a government_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n i_o have_v presume_v with_o convenient_a brevity_n upon_o this_o good_a occasion_n here_o in_o this_o place_n to_o express_v the_o same_o therefore_o whereas_o in_o former_a time_n there_o have_v be_v in_o wales_n ancient_o 8_o several_a shire_n or_o county_n 26_o judge_n dod._n fol_z 40._o statutum_n de_fw-fr 24._o b._n 8._o cap._n 26_o beside_o the_o county_n of_o monmoth_n which_o be_v the_o nine_o and_o that_o some_o other_o territory_n in_o wales_n be_v then_o no_o shire_n ground_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o law_n of_o england_n can_v have_v no_o currant_n passage_n therein_o for_o all_o the_o ordinary_a minister_n and_o executioner_n of_o the_o process_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n or_o which_o have_v viscountile_a jurisdiction_n be_v the_o officer_n of_o particular_a shire_n as_o the_o sheriff_n the_o coroner_n the_o escheater_n and_o such_o like_a therefore_o by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n there_o be_v erect_v in_o wales_n 4_o other_o new_a ordain_v shire_n of_o the_o land_n not_o former_o so_o divide_v namely_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n montgomery_n and_o denbigh_n so_o that_o now_o the_o shire_n be_v 13._o viz._n 1_o radnor_n shire_n 2_o brecknock_n shire_n 3_o monmoth_n shire_n 4_o glamorgan_n shire_n 5_o carmarthyn_n shire_n 6_o pembrock_n shire_n 7_o cardigan_n shire_n 8_o montgomery_z shire_n 9_o merionith_n shire_n 10_o caernarvon_n shire_n 11_o denbigh_n shire_n 12_o flint_n shire_n 13_o anglesey_n shire_n and_o these_o four_o last_v also_o with_o the_o former_a ancient_a shire_n together_o be_v by_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o statute_n of_o 38._o h._n 8._o subdivide_v into_o cantred_n shire_n the_o march_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o welsh_a and_o english_a shire_n and_o all_o the_o march_n ground_n be_v then_o neither_o any_o part_n of_o wales_n although_o former_o conquer_v out_o of_o wales_n neither_o any_o part_n of_o the_o shire_n of_o engl._n the_o say_a king_n by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n do_v annex_v &_o unite_v partly_o unto_o the_o say_a shire_n of_o engl._n &_o partly_o unto_o the_o shire_n of_o wales_n next_o adjoin_v as_o be_v think_v then_o by_o reason_n of_o vicinity_n of_o place_n &_o other_o correspondency_n most_o convenient_a as_o by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n appear_v which_o the_o say_a king_n be_v the_o rather_o occasion_v to_o do_v for_o most_o of_o
the_o say_a barony_n mercher_n be_v then_o in_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o for_o that_o also_o divers_a murder_n rape_n robery_n and_o enormity_n and_o odious_a offence_n have_v be_v there_o commit_v and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o offender_n shire_n monmoth_n make_v a_o english_a shire_n from_o one_o barony_n as_o be_v usual_a upon_o the_o border_n they_o have_v escape_v due_a and_o condign_a punishment_n for_o their_o such_o enormity_n and_o crime_n he_o ordain_v also_o that_o the_o county_n of_o monmoth_n former_o be_v a_o shire_n of_o wales_n shall_v be_v govern_v from_o thenceforth_o in_o like_a manner_n 26._o stat._n 27._o h._n 8._o cap._n 26._o and_o by_o the_o same_o judge_n as_o other_o shire_n of_o england_n and_o for_o the_o other_o 12_o shire_n he_o order_v a_o special_a jurisdiction_n and_o officer_n but_o yet_o in_o substance_n agreeable_a and_o after_o the_o law_n of_o england_n although_o for_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o person_n in_o some_o few_o thing_n discordant_a he_o ordain_v that_o out_o of_o every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n of_o wales_n there_o shall_v be_v one_o knight_n and_o out_o of_o every_o of_o the_o shire_n town_n of_o wales_n name_v in_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n 26._o stat._n 276._o cap_n 26._o there_o shall_v be_v one_o burgess_n elect_v after_o the_o english_a manner_n which_o knight_n and_o burgess_n so_o elect_v and_o due_o upon_o the_o summons_n of_o every_o parliament_n in_o england_n return_v shall_v have_v place_n and_o voice_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n as_o other_z the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n of_o england_n use_v to_o have_v stat_n circuit_n 34._o h_o 8._o cap._n 26._o stat_n as_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o say_v 12_o shire_n of_o wales_n there_o be_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o 34._o h._n 8._o ordain_v 4._o several_a circuit_n precint_n or_o conventus_fw-la juridicus_fw-la allot_v to_o every_o of_o they_o three_o of_o these_o shire_n so_o that_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o chester_n have_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n the_o three_o several_a shire_n of_o denbigh_n flint_n and_o montgomery_n his_o fee_n be_v yearly_o 100_o l._n justice_n justice_n the_o shire_n of_o carnarvan_n merion_v and_o anglesey_n be_v under_o the_o justice_n of_o north-wales_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n the_o county_n of_o carmardhin_n pembrock_n and_o cardigan_n have_v also_o their_o justice_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n the_o county_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n and_o glamorgan_n have_v also_o their_o justice_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n after_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 18._o eliz._n cap._n 8._o one_o other_o justice_n assistant_n be_v ordain_v to_o the_o former_a justice_n 8._o stat._n 18._o eliz._n cap._n 8._o so_o that_o now_o every_o of_o the_o say_v four_o circuit_n have_v two_o justice_n viz._n one_o chief_a justice_n and_o a_o second_o justice_n assistant_n their_o jurisdiction_n these_o justice_n in_o every_o of_o their_o circuit_n have_v almost_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o ancient_a justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n itenerant_n have_v first_o they_o have_v power_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o criminal_a cause_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o herein_o they_o have_v the_o same_o absolute_a jurisdiction_n that_o the_o judge_n have_v of_o the_o k._n bench_n common_o so_o call_v they_o have_v also_o jurisdiction_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o civil_a cause_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n common_a plea_n and_o to_o take_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o fine_n levy_v of_o land_n or_o hereditament_n without_o sue_v any_o dedimus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la and_o herein_o they_o have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n do_v execute_v in_o the_o hall_n at_o westminster_n also_o they_o may_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o assize_n upon_o disseison_n of_o land_n or_o hereditament_n wherein_o they_o equal_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n they_o may_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o notable_a violence_n and_o outrage_n perpetrate_v or_o do_v within_o their_o several_a precint_n and_o therein_o they_o have_v the_o power_n authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n their_o chancery_n seal_n and_o writ_n for_o as_o much_o as_o no_o suit_n can_v commence_v between_o party_n and_o party_n nor_o orderly_a justice_n can_v be_v do_v without_o complaint_n of_o the_o pursuivant_n and_o summons_n and_o admonition_n give_v unto_o the_o defendant_n which_o summon_v the_o policy_n of_o england_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o first_o foundation_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n have_v appoint_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o that_o kind_n of_o formulae_fw-la juris_fw-la which_o the_o common_a law_n call_v a_o writ_n or_o brief_n so_o call_v as_o bracton_n say_v breve_fw-la quia_fw-la rem_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la &_o intentionem_fw-la petentis_fw-la breviter_fw-la enarrat_fw-la and_o which_o writ_n be_v always_o conceive_v in_o form_n quondam_a of_o the_o king_n name_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o preecept_n royal_a and_o seal_v with_o the_o king_n or_o potestates_fw-la great_a seal_n original_a write_v either_o judicial_a or_o original_a therefore_o in_o the_o appoint_v of_o this_o jurisdiction_n there_o be_v ordain_v to_o every_o circuit_n or_o precint_n a_o several_a seal_n for_o the_o seal_n of_o such_o writ_n and_o commission_n as_o the_o case_n shall_v require_v within_o that_o circuit_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o writt_n be_v either_o original_a such_o as_o begin_v the_o suit_n or_o else_o judicial_a such_o as_o command_v and_o warrant_v the_o execution_n thereof_o it_o be_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n make_v in_o the_o 34_o hen._n 8._o ordain_v that_o the_o seal_n serve_v for_o original_a process_n in_o several_a shire_n of_o denbigh_n and_o montgomery_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o denbigh_n and_o what_o the_o original_a seal_n of_o chester_n shall_v be_v and_o stand_v for_o the_o original_a seal_n of_o flint_n and_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o chester_n the_o like_a seal_n serve_v for_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o carnarvan_n merion_v and_o anglesey_n to_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o north-wales_n the_o like_a seal_n concern_v the_o several_a shire_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n and_o glamorgan_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o steward_n of_o brecknoc_n and_o final_o the_o like_a seal_n serve_v for_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o caermardhyn_n pembrockâ—_n and_o cardigan_n be_v in_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o southwales_n these_o chamberlain_n be_v as_o chancellor_n in_o this_o behalf_n and_o have_v the_o seal_n of_o all_o original_a writ_n and_o commission_n within_o the_o several_a precint_n and_o these_o chamberlain_n may_v also_o award_v out_o several_a writ_n to_o all_o under-receiver_n of_o the_o revenue_n and_o minister_n to_o make_v their_o account_n the_o seal_n for_o seal_v judicial_a writ_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n 34_o h._n 8._o to_o be_v and_o remain_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o every_o the_o say_a circuit_n for_o the_o more_o expedite_a execution_n of_o their_o judgement_n session_n the_o great_a session_n their_o session_n and_o manner_n of_o sit_v every_o of_o these_o justice_n in_o their_o several_a circuit_n shall_v be_v itenerant_a twice_o every_o year_n and_o sit_v in_o every_o of_o the_o shire_n with_o their_o authority_n by_o the_o space_n of_o six_o day_n together_o at_o a_o place_n certain_a by_o they_o so_o appoint_v and_o upon_o proclamation_n of_o summons_n to_o be_v make_v 15_o day_n before_o the_o say_a sit_n adjournment_n adjournment_n where_o all_o person_n require_v justice_n may_v purchase_v their_o writ_n and_o proceed_v in_o their_o suit_n and_o where_o adjournment_n of_o the_o cause_n there_o depend_v shall_v be_v de_fw-fr die_v in_o diem_fw-la and_o if_o the_o cause_n can_v have_v no_o end_n during_o the_o sit_v then_o from_o session_n to_o session_n as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n shall_v require_v and_o according_a to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n and_o these_o sit_n be_v call_v the_o great_a session_n session_n 34._o h_o 8_o cap._n 26._o â—_o 33_o petâ—y_a session_n and_o if_o their_o shall_v be_v such_o multitude_n of_o plea_n personal_a as_o that_o they_o can_v be_v try_v at_o the_o same_o great_a session_n than_o the_o issue_n there_o in_o trial_n shall_v and_o may_v be_v try_v at_o some_o session_n before_o the_o deputy_n justice_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o petty_a session_n and_o if_o any_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v give_v by_o the_o say_a justice_n in_o any_o real_a action_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v reverse_v by_o writ_n of_o error_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o
king_n bench_n and_o if_o the_o say_v erroneous_a judgement_n shall_v be_v in_o any_o action_n personal_a the_o same_o shall_v be_v reverse_v by_o bill_n before_o the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o march_n and_o council_n there_o officer_n minister_n clerk_n and_o writer_n for_o the_o expedit_v of_o the_o say_v great_a session_n first_o there_o be_v the_o chamberlain_n of_o every_o the_o say_a circuit_n as_o have_v be_v say_v who_o be_v proper_o and_o original_o the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o revenue_n within_o their_o charge_n and_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n be_v also_o keeper_n of_o the_o seal_n as_o aforesaid_a therein_o they_o do_v undertake_v in_o part_n the_o office_n of_o a_o chancellor_n and_o in_o every_o of_o the_o say_a circuit_n there_o be_v the_o attorney_n or_o regius_n advocatia_n and_o solicitor_n there_o be_v a_o protonotary_n or_o chief_a register_n who_o draw_v all_o the_o plead_n crown_n protonotary_n clâ—rk_v of_o the_o crown_n enter_v and_o engross_v the_o record_n and_o judgement_n in_o civil_a cause_n and_o engross_a fine_n and_o there_o be_v also_o a_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o draw_v and_o engross_v all_o inditement_n and_o proceed_n arraignment_n and_o judgement_n in_o criminal_a cause_n and_o these_o two_o officer_n be_v at_o the_o king_n or_o state_n appointment_n there_o be_v a_o marshal_n to_o attend_v the_o person_n of_o the_o judge_n at_o their_o common_a sit_v and_o go_v from_o the_o session_n or_o court_n marshal_n there_o be_v a_o marshal_n there_o be_v a_o crier_n tanquam_fw-la publicus_fw-la preco_fw-la to_o call_v forth_o such_o person_n who_o apparence_n be_v necessary_a and_o to_o impose_v silence_n to_o the_o people_n and_o these_o two_o officer_n last_o remember_v be_v depose_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o great_a session_n there_o be_v also_o other_o ordinary_a officer_n appoint_v for_o every_o shire_n in_o wales_n by_o the_o say_a statute_n 34._o henry_n 8._o such_o and_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o in_o other_o the_o shire_n in_o england_n there_o be_v a_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o certain_a gentleman_n peace_n what_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n give_v they_o power_n to_o preserve_v the_o peace_n and_o resist_v and_o punish_v all_o turbulent_a person_n who_o misdemeanour_n may_v tend_v to_o the_o disquiet_n of_o the_o people_n and_o these_o be_v call_v justice_n of_o peace_n and_o every_o of_o they_o may_v well_o be_v term_v eirnarcha_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o they_o be_v call_v custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la in_o who_o custody_n all_o the_o record_n of_o their_o proceed_n be_v resident_a other_o there_o be_v of_o that_o number_n call_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o quorum_fw-la because_o of_o their_o commission_n whereby_o they_o have_v power_n to_o sit_v and_o determine_v cause_n concern_v breach_n of_o peace_n and_o misbehaviour_n the_o word_n of_o the_o commission_n be_v conceive_v thus_o quorum_fw-la such_fw-mi and_o such_o vnum_fw-la vel_fw-la dvos_fw-la etc._n etc._n esse_fw-la volumus_fw-la and_o without_o some_o one_o or_o more_o of_o they_o of_o the_o quorum_fw-la no_o session_n can_v be_v hold_v and_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o the_o superfluous_a number_n of_o such_o justice_n wales_n 8._o justice_n only_o allow_v in_o every_o county_n of_o wales_n for_o through_o the_o ambition_n of_o many_o it_o be_v account_v a_o credit_n to_o be_v burden_a with_o that_o authority_n the_o statute_n of_o 34_o hen._n 8._o have_v express_o prohibit_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v above_o eight_o justice_n of_o peace_n within_o every_o of_o the_o county_n and_o shire_n of_o wales_n which_o if_o the_o number_n be_v not_o indefinite_a for_o the_o shire_n in_o england_n it_o be_v the_o better_a these_o justice_n do_v hold_v their_o session_n quarterly_a and_o it_o be_v further_o ordain_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 34_o hen_n 8._o that_o two_o justice_n of_o peace_n whereof_o one_o to_o be_v of_o the_o quorum_fw-la may_v hold_v their_o session_n without_o any_o great_a number_n in_o every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n where_o the_o say_a commission_n of_o peace_n be_v establish_v there_o be_v also_o a_o clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o the_o enter_v and_o engross_n of_o all_o proceed_n before_o the_o say_a justice_n and_o this_o officer_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la 49._o sr._n john_n dod_n fol._n 49._o every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n have_v a_o sheriff_n which_o word_n be_v of_o the_o saxon_a english_a be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v a_o shire-reeve_n or_o minister_n or_o bailiff_n of_o the_o county_n his_o function_n or_o office_n be_v twofold_a ministerial_a and_o judicial_a as_o touch_v his_o ministerial_a office_n he_o be_v the_o minister_n and_o executioner_n of_o all_o the_o process_n and_o precept_n of_o the_o court_n of_o law_n and_o thereof_o aught_o to_o make_v return_n and_o certificate_n call_v why_o the_o turn_v court_n so_o call_v and_o as_o touch_v the_o judicial_a office_n he_o have_v authority_n to_o hold_v two_o several_a court_n of_o distinct_a nature_n the_o one_o call_v the_o turn_v because_o he_o keep_v a_o turn_v or_o circuit_n about_o the_o shire_n hold_v the_o same_o in_o several_a place_n wherein_o he_o do_v inquire_v of_o all_o offence_n perpetrate_v against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o not_o forbid_v by_o any_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n communicative_a the_o county_n court_n derive_v from_o justice_n communicative_a and_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n be_v derive_v from_o justice_n distributive_a and_o be_v for_o criminal_a offence_n the_o other_o be_v call_v the_o county_n court_n where_o he_o do_v determine_v all_o petty_a and_o small_a cause_n civil_a under_o the_o value_n of_o 40_o s._n arise_v within_o the_o say_a county_n and_o thereof_o it_o be_v call_v the_o county_n court_n and_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n be_v draw_v from_o justice_n communicative_a and_o be_v hold_v every_o month_n the_o office_n of_o the_o sheriff_n be_v annual_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 34_o hen._n 8._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o lord_n precedent_n council_n and_o justice_n of_o wales_n or_o three_o of_o they_o at_o the_o least_o whereof_o the_o precedent_n to_o be_v one_o shall_v yearly_o nominate_v three_o fit_a person_n for_o that_o office_n of_o who_o the_o king_n or_o state_n may_v elect_v one_o who_o thereupon_o shall_v have_v his_o patent_n and_o be_v sheriff_n of_o the_o say_a shire_n call_v escheator_n why_o so_o call_v every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n have_v a_o officer_n call_v a_o escheator_n which_o be_v a_o officer_n to_o attend_v the_o king_n revenue_n and_o to_o seize_v into_o his_o hand_n all_o land_n either_o escheat_v good_n or_o land_n forfeit_v &_o therefore_o he_o be_v call_v escheator_n and_o he_o be_v to_o inquire_v by_o good_a enquest_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n and_o to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v descend_v and_o to_o seize_v the_o body_n and_o land_n for_o ward_n if_o they_o be_v within_o age_n and_o be_v accountable_a for_o the_o same_o and_o this_o officer_n in_o wales_n be_v nominate_v 16._o escheator_n 34_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 16._o by_o the_o lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n precedent_n council_n and_o justice_n or_o three_o of_o they_o at_o least_o whereof_o the_o lord_n precedent_n to_o be_v one_o there_o be_v also_o in_o every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n two_o officer_n call_v coroner_n they_o be_v to_o inquire_v by_o enquest_n in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o who_o every_o person_n die_v a_o violent_a death_n come_v to_o his_o death_n and_o to_o enter_v the_o same_o of_o record_n which_o be_v matter_n criminal_a and_o a_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n call_v coroner_n why_o so_o call_v and_o thereof_o they_o be_v call_v coroner_n or_o crowner_n as_o one_o have_v write_v because_o their_o inquiry_n ought_v to_o be_v public_a et_fw-la in_o corona_n populi_n these_o officer_n be_v be_v choose_v by_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o shire_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n de_fw-fr coronatore_fw-la eligendo_fw-la and_o of_o they_o i_o need_v not_o speak_v more_o because_o these_o officer_n be_v elsewhere_o goal_n the_o goal_n forasmuch_o as_o every_o shire_n have_v one_o goal_n or_o prison_n appoint_v for_o the_o restraint_n of_o liberty_n of_o such_o person_n as_o for_o their_o offence_n be_v thereunto_o commit_v until_o they_o shall_v be_v deliver_v by_o course_n of_o law_n final_o in_o every_o hundred_o of_o every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n the_o sheriff_n thereof_o shall_v nominate_v sufficient_a person_n to_o be_v bailiff_n of_o that_o hundred_o and_o under_o minister_n of_o the_o sheriff_n and_o they_o be_v to_o attend_v upon_o the_o justice_n in_o every_o of_o their_o court_n and_o session_n the_o government_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n
to_o he_o that_o search_v out_o their_o history_n but_o i_o intend_v to_o finish_v the_o history_n during_o the_o government_n of_o the_o britain_n have_v seek_v out_o in_o other_o chronicle_n write_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n especial_o in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o nicholas_n trivet_n die_v king_n hen_n 3._o die_v who_o write_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n to_o the_o coronation_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o and_o such_o other_o as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v find_v concern_v this_o matter_n in_o the_o year_n 1272._o dye_v king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o edward_n his_o son_n come_v from_o the_o holy_a land_n two_o year_n after_o be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n king_n of_o england_n to_o which_o coronation_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n refuse_v to_o come_v although_o he_o be_v send_v for_o allege_v for_o his_o excuse_n that_o he_o have_v offend_v many_o nobleman_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o will_v not_o come_v in_o danger_n without_o he_o have_v for_o pledge_n the_o king_n brother_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o robert_n burnell_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n wherewith_o the_o king_n be_v high_o displease_v year_n 1274_o king_n edward_n can_v never_o brook_v p._n lhewelyn_n since_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o flight_n by_o he_o at_o their_o meeting_n in_o the_o march_n as_o before_o walsh_n thom._n walsh_n on_o the_o other_o side_n lhewelyn_n like_v no_o better_a of_o the_o king_n than_o the_o king_n do_v of_o he_o again_o those_o nobleman_n who_o for_o their_o disobedience_n be_v disinherited_a by_o lhewelyn_n be_v receive_v and_o entertain_v by_o king_n edward_n which_o thing_n cause_v the_o prince_n to_o fear_v some_o evil_a practice_n by_o those_o and_o other_o such_o as_o hate_v he_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v at_o the_o king_n coronation_n to_o do_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n according_a to_o the_o write_v direct_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o behalf_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o instrument_n send_v by_o the_o say_a prince_n to_o robert_n kilwarby_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o archbishop_z of_o york_n and_o other_o bishop_n sit_v then_o at_o their_o convocation_n in_o the_o new_a temple_n at_o london_n anno._n 1275._o wherein_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o war_n be_v contain_v which_o instrument_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v then_o send_v be_v extant_a to_o this_o day_n write_v in_o parchment_n with_o the_o prince_n great_a seal_n thereunto_o appendant_a which_o i_o have_v see_v say_v this_o author_n and_o copy_v out_o of_o the_o original_a verbatim_o lhoyd_n mr._n lhoyd_n be_v then_o in_o the_o custody_n of_o thomas_n yale_n doctor_n of_o law_n of_o late_a dean_n of_o the_o arch_n a_o great_a searcher_n and_o preserver_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o wales_n which_o i_o think_v convenient_a here_o to_o lay_v down_o for_o the_o full_a understanding_n of_o this_o history_n reverendissimis_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patribus_fw-la &_o dominis_n roberto_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la cant._n totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primati_fw-la &_o archiepis_n eborum_fw-la ac_fw-la eorum_fw-la suffraganis_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n and_o lord_n robert_z archbishop_z of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o england_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o their_o suffragans_fw-la be_v now_o together_o at_o london_n in_o council_n their_o devote_n son_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snowdon_n greeting_n with_o due_a obedience_n reverence_n and_o honour_n in_o all_o thing_n be_v it_o know_v unto_o your_o reverend_a fatherhood_n that_o where_o heretofore_o contention_n and_o discord_n whereof_o war_n follow_v and_o long_o continue_v arise_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o noble_a memory_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n of_o the_o one_o party_n and_o we_o of_o the_o other_o party_n the_o same_o contention_n and_o strife_n be_v at_o the_o last_o appease_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a and_o mean_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n lord_n otobanus_n deacon_n and_o cardinal_n of_o st._n adrian_n legate_z into_o england_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o form_n of_o treaty_n and_o peace_n betwixt_o the_o say_a king_n and_o edward_n his_o first_o beget_v son_n lord_z edward_z now_o king_n of_o england_n and_o their_o successor_n on_o the_o one_o party_n and_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n on_o the_o other_o party_n by_o the_o corporal_a oath_n of_o both_o party_n assure_v which_o form_n of_o peace_n be_v commit_v to_o write_v with_o the_o say_a legate_n with_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o say_a king_n and_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n edward_n now_o king_n and_o with_o our_o seal_n also_o in_o the_o which_o peace_n it_o be_v contain_v among_o other_o thing_n as_o you_o do_v well_o know_v as_o we_o believe_v that_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n the_o principality_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o all_o welsh_a baron_n shall_v hold_v their_o barony_n and_o land_n of_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o shall_v do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o we_o and_o to_o our_o heir_n one_o baron_n except_v for_o the_o which_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n shall_v do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n it_o be_v further_a contain_v in_o the_o same_o peace_n that_o neither_o the_o say_a king_n nor_o his_o successor_n shall_v receive_v any_o of_o our_o enemy_n or_o any_o run_n from_o we_o or_o our_o successor_n nor_o shall_v help_v or_o maintain_v any_o such_o against_o we_o or_o our_o successor_n the_o which_o all_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n the_o tenor_n whereof_o the_o reverend_a father_n of_o strata_n florida_n and_o aberconwey_n bearer_n hereof_o can_v show_v you_o but_o see_v reverend_a father_n the_o lord_n edward_n now_o king_n of_o england_n after_o the_o say_a peace_n take_v into_o his_o hand_n certain_a baron_n land_n in_o wales_n of_o which_o they_o and_o their_o ancestor_n have_v be_v long_o possess_v and_o keep_v a_o barony_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o shall_v be_v we_o by_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n other_o baron_n of_o our_o land_n be_v from_o we_o fugitive_n run_v to_o he_o he_o keep_v help_v and_o maintain_v david_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n and_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n who_o purpose_v our_o death_n and_o destruction_n notwithstanding_o that_o since_o their_o departure_n they_o have_v rob_v within_o our_o land_n commit_v slaughter_n and_o burn_v of_o house_n do_v daily_o the_o like_a against_o the_o peace_n aforesaid_a and_o although_o we_o have_v often_o send_v our_o grief_n and_o complaint_n by_o solemn_a messenger_n to_o the_o say_v noble_a lord_n edward_n as_o well_o before_o he_o be_v king_n as_o since_o yet_o unto_o this_o day_n he_o never_o do_v any_o redress_n therein_o also_o that_o which_o be_v more_o perilous_a he_o call_v we_o unto_o a_o place_n not_o to_o we_o safe_a among_o our_o deadly_a enemy_n our_o fugitive_n and_o felon_n and_o their_o spy_n and_o murderer_n to_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o which_o place_n we_o can_v no_o way_n come_v without_o danger_n of_o our_o body_n especial_o see_v our_o enemy_n above_o say_v to_o be_v in_o that_o place_n at_o the_o king_n table_n and_o sometime_o in_o council_n and_o open_o brag_v themselves_o and_o though_o lawful_a and_o reasonable_a excuse_n be_v allege_v by_o our_o messengre_n before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n why_o the_o place_n be_v not_o safe_a nor_o indifferent_a yet_o he_o refuse_v to_o allow_v or_o appoint_v any_o other_o place_n indifferent_a for_o we_o to_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n which_o we_o be_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v unto_o he_o in_o any_o safe_a place_n by_o he_o to_o be_v appoint_v if_o he_o will_v appoint_v any_o and_o to_o perform_v the_o other_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n conclude_v and_o swear_v and_o for_o that_o it_o please_v he_o not_o to_o come_v to_o any_o place_n where_o we_o can_v with_o safety_n do_v he_o homage_n we_o be_v suitor_n to_o he_o to_o send_v any_o from_o he_o to_o receive_v our_o oath_n and_o homage_n until_o it_o please_v he_o to_o appoint_v a_o place_n where_o we_o shall_v do_v our_o homage_n to_o he_o personal_o the_o which_o thing_n he_o utter_o deny_v to_o do_v we_o therefore_o beseech_v your_o fatherhood_n earnest_o that_o it_o may_v please_v you_o to_o consider_v what_o danger_n shall_v happen_v to_o the_o people_n both_o of_o england_n and_o of_o wales_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o covenant_n of_o peace_n abovesaid_a if_o now_o war_n and_o discord_n shall_v follow_v which_o god_n forbid_v attend_v and_o call_v to_o remembrance_n the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n the_o pope_n late_o in_o the_o council_n at_o lion_n that_o no_o war_n shall_v be_v move_v among_o christian_n lest_o thereby_o the_o
affair_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n shall_v be_v neglect_v that_o it_o will_v please_v you_o also_o to_o help_v with_o your_o council_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o king_n that_o he_o will_v use_v we_o and_o order_v we_o according_a to_o the_o peace_n agree_v upon_o the_o which_o we_o will_v no_o way_n infringe_v and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o hearken_v to_o your_o counsel_n therein_o which_o god_n forbid_v that_o you_o will_v hold_v we_o excuse_v for_o we_o will_v no_o way_n as_o much_o as_o lie_v in_o we_o procure_v the_o trouble_n and_o disquietness_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o if_o it_o may_v please_v you_o to_o give_v credit_n to_o our_o messenger_n which_o we_o do_v send_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o day_n by_o he_o to_o we_o appoint_v to_o allege_v our_o lawful_a excuse_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o by_o mouth_n shall_v on_o our_o part_n show_v unto_o you_o rest_v to_o do_v your_o will_n and_o pleasure_n if_o it_o please_v you_o to_o write_v again_o date_v at_o talybont_n the_o eight_o day_n of_o october_n anno_fw-la 1275._o year_n 1277_o shortly_n after_o the_o king_n come_v to_o chester_n 364._o thom._n walsh_n fol._n 6._o mar._n west_n p._n 364._o will_v the_o prince_n to_o come_v thither_o and_o do_v he_o homage_n which_o when_o the_o prince_n detract_v to_o do_v the_o king_n gather_v a_o army_n to_o compel_v he_o thereto_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o countess_n of_o leicester_n wife_n to_o simon_n montfort_n which_o remain_v at_o a_o nunnery_n in_o france_n send_v her_o daughter_n to_o wales_n to_o marry_v the_o prince_n as_o it_o be_v '_o agree_v betwixt_o they_o in_o her_o father_n time_n and_o with_o she_o come_v her_o brother_n admerike_a and_o a_o courtly_a company_n who_o fear_v the_o coast_n of_o england_n bend_v their_o voyage_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a whereby_o chance_n they_o meet_v with_o four_o ship_n of_o bristol_n which_o set_v upon_o and_o take_v they_o and_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o king_n who_o entertain_v the_o lady_n hovourable_o send_v her_o brother_n to_o be_v keep_v prisoner_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o corff_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v remove_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o sherburne_n then_o the_o king_n prepare_v two_o army_n wales_n a_o prodigious_a omen_n to_o wales_n whereof_o the_o one_o he_o conduct_v himself_o to_o north-wales_n as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n and_o fortify_v the_o castle_n and_o the_o other_o he_o send_v with_o paganis_fw-la de_fw-la camurtiis_fw-la a_o worthy_a soldier_n to_o westwales_n they_o burn_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o this_o year_n itrain_v blood_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o wales_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o lord_n of_o southwales_n come_v to_o the_o king_n peace_n overthrow_n the_o jangle_n of_o the_o welsh_a among_o themselves_o their_o utter_a overthrow_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o deliver_v the_o castle_n of_o stratywy_a unto_o the_o k._n lieutenant_n paganus_fw-la de_fw-la camurtli_fw-la if_o his_o surname_n be_v not_o mistake_v for_o de_fw-fr cadurcis_n it_o be_v the_o family_n of_o chaworth_n in_o notinghamshire_n this_o prince_n understand_v this_o and_o see_v that_o his_o own_o people_n have_v forsake_v he_o send_v to_o the_o king_n for_o peace_n which_o be_v agree_v upon_o these_o condition_n 1._o first_o that_o all_o such_o as_o the_o prince_n keep_v prisoner_n of_o the_o king_n and_o for_o his_o cause_n shall_v be_v set_v at_o liberty_n 2._o item_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o favour_n and_o good_a will_v 50000_o mark_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 3_o item_n that_o four_o cantred_n shall_v reman_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o which_o cantred_n i_o think_v be_v these_o cantref_o ros_n where_o the_o king_n castle_n of_o teganny_n stand_v cantref_o rynivioc_n where_o denbigh_n cantref_o tegengl_n where_o ruthlan_n stand_v and_o cantref_o dyffryn_n clwd_v where_o ruthin_n be_v 4_o item_n that_o the_o lord_n mercher_n shall_v quiet_o enjoy_v all_o the_o land_n that_o they_o have_v conquer_v within_o wales_n 5._o item_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v yearly_a for_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n 1000_o mark_n which_o payment_n shall_v begin_v at_o michaelmas_n than_o next_o ensue_v and_o that_o also_o he_o shall_v pay_v 5000_o mark_n out_o of_o hand_n and_o if_o the_o prince_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o isle_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n 6_o item_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v come_v to_o england_n every_o christmas_n to_o do_v the_o king_n homage_n for_o his_o land_n 7._o item_n that_o all_o the_o baron_n in_o wales_n shall_v hold_v their_o land_n of_o the_o king_n except_o 5._o in_o snowden_n who_o shall_v ackowledg_v the_o prince_n to_o be_v their_o lord_n 8._o item_n that_o he_o shall_v for_o his_o life-time_n enjoy_v the_o name_n of_o prime_n and_o none_o of_o his_o heir_n after_o he_o so_o that_o after_o his_o death_n the_o foresay_a five_o baron_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o none_o other_o 9_o item_n that_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o article_n the_o prince_n shall_v deliver_v for_o hostage_n ten_o of_o the_o best_a in_o wales_n without_o imprisonine_v disinherit_n or_o time_n of_o deliverance_n determine_v and_o also_o the_o king_n to_o choose_v twenty_o within_o north-wales_n that_o shall_v take_v their_o oath_n with_o the_o prince_n for_o performance_n of_o these_o article_n and_o if_o the_o prince_n shall_v swerve_v from_o any_o of_o they_o and_o be_v thereof_o admonish_v will_v not_o amend_v and_o redress_v the_o same_o 7_o th._n walsh_n p._n 7_o they_o shall_v forsake_v he_o and_o become_v his_o enemy_n the_o prince_n be_v also_o bind_v to_o let_v his_o brethren_n enjoy_v their_o land_n in_o wales_n of_o who_o david_n have_v long_o serve_v the_o king_n who_o the_o king_n have_v make_v knight_n contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o wales_n and_o have_v give_v he_o in_o marriage_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o derby_n who_o first_o husband_n be_v late_o decease_v to_o who_o the_o king_n give_v denbigh_n in_o north-wales_n and_o 1000l_n land_n therewith_o and_o his_o other_o brother_n roderike_n be_v late_o flee_v to_o england_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o owen_n the_o three_o be_v deliver_v at_o this_o composition_n this_o peace_n be_v conclude_v in_o the_o king_n absence_n who_o appoint_v one_o his_o commissioner_n 787._o mr._n trinet_fw-la sol_fw-la p._n 787._o to_o wit_v the_o lord_n ripio_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o he_o and_o authorize_v the_o say_a robert_n antonio_n becke_n and_o william_n de_fw-fr southampton_n prior_n provincial_a of_o the_o friar_n predicant_n commissioner_n appoint_v on_o his_o behalf_n to_o receive_v the_o like_a oath_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n for_o who_o part_n theodor_n or_o tudor_n ap_fw-mi ednivet_n and_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilin_n be_v commissioner_n at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n build_v a_o castle_n at_o aberystwyth_n &_o return_v into_o eng._n with_o much_o honour_n unto_o who_o the_o people_n grant_v a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o good_n towards_o his_o charge_n in_o this_o war_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o marriage_n be_v celebrate_v at_o worcester_n betwixt_o elinor_n daughter_n to_o simon_n montfort_n and_o prince_n lhewelin_n where_o the_o king_n &_o queen_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n be_v present_a also_o the_o year_n after_o roger_n mortimer_n set_v up_o at_o killingworth_n a_o round_a table_n for_o a_o hundred_o knight_n to_o be_v exercise_v in_o the_o feat_n of_o arm_n welsh_a the_o kof_n scot_n sucâ—ouâ—eth_v against_o the_o welsh_a and_o thither_o resort_v many_o knight_n from_o divers_a country_n at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n of_o scot_n do_v homage_n to_o k._n edward_n and_o obtain_v the_o king_n letter_n that_o his_o succour_n in_o the_o last_o war_n of_o wales_n be_v not_o do_v by_o the_o name_n of_o service_n but_o good_a will_n the_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v not_o long_o continue_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o severe_a and_o strict_a deal_n of_o such_o officer_n as_o the_o king_n appoint_v ruler_n in_o the_o marsh_n and_o the_o inland_a country_n of_o wales_n who_o hunt_v after_o their_o own_o gain_n oppress_v the_o inhabitant_n burden_v they_o with_o new_a exaction_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o also_o show_v themselves_o too_o much_o affectionate_a and_o partial_a in_o matter_n of_o controversy_n betwixt_o party_n &_o party_n especial_o when_o any_o englishman_n have_v to_o do_v in_o the_o matter_n which_o pole_v and_o partiality_n do_v altogether_o alienate_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n so_o that_o they_o have_v rather_o die_v then_o live_v in_o such_o thraldom_n whereupon_o assemble_v