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briton_n wherein_o as_o some_o do_v write_v mervyn_n vrych_n king_n of_o the_o briton_n be_v slay_v leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v rodri_n mawr_z that_o be_v to_o say_v roderike_n the_o great_a roderike_n the_o great_a roderike_n the_o great_a son_n to_o mervyn_n and_o esylht_n the_o year_n 846._o 846_o the_o dane_n do_v overrun_v a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n castor_n and_o fight_v with_o athelstan_n king_n of_o kent_n brother_n to_o ethelwulph_n and_o remain_v that_o winter_n and_o winter_v in_o england_n this_o year_n also_o be_v ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n or_o wentland_n slay_v in_o fight_n by_o the_o man_n of_o brechnock_n this_o year_n 854._o 854_o kongen_fw-mi king_n of_o powy_n die_v at_o rome_n be_v slay_v of_o choke_v as_o some_o say_v by_o his_o own_o man_n and_o two_o year_n after_o die_v cemoyth_fw-mi king_n of_o the_o pict_n &_o jonathan_n lord_n of_o abergeley_n about_o the_o year_n 856._o 856_o ethelwulph_n take_v his_o iourneie_n to_o rome_n and_o make_v his_o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o pay_v the_o peter_n penny_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o old_a saxon_n do_v bring_v the_o genelogie_n of_o this_o ethelwulph_n to_o adam_n west_n after_o this_o manner_n ethelwulph_n the_o son_n of_o egbert_n the_o son_n of_o alcmund_n the_o son_n of_o eaffa_n the_o son_n of_o eoppa_n the_o son_n of_o ingil_n the_o brother_n of_o inas_fw-la the_o son_n of_o kenred_n the_o son_n of_o coelwalde_a the_o son_n of_o cudwine_n the_o son_n of_o ceawlin_fw-ge the_o son_n of_o kenrick_n the_o son_n of_o cerdicke_n which_o be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n the_o son_n of_o esly_n the_o son_n of_o gewise_o of_o who_o the_o people_n be_v call_v gwysses_n the_o daughter_n of_o gewyn_n the_o son_n of_o wingy_a the_o son_n of_o freawyn_n the_o son_n of_o fridagare_n the_o son_n of_o brendy_n the_o son_n of_o beldegy_n the_o son_n of_o wooden_a of_o who_o issue_n come_v the_o king_n of_o many_o nation_n the_o son_n of_o 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this_o day_n to_o bring_v themselves_o to_o the_o thracian_n and_o the_o german_n to_o the_o child_n of_o gwyston_n and_o it_o be_v possible_a they_o may_v so_o do_v because_o they_o have_v not_o mingle_v with_o any_o other_o and_o have_v not_o be_v overrun_v with_o any_o other_o nation_n lhoyd_n therefore_o let_v such_o disdainful_a head_n as_o scant_o know_v their_o own_o grandfather_n leave_v their_o scoff_a and_o tawnt_a of_o welshman_n for_o that_o thing_n that_o all_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n do_v glory_n in_o and_o let_v they_o read_v the_o ancient_a writer_n berosus_n to_o who_o the_o wise_a grecian_n for_o the_o knowledge_n they_o learn_v at_o his_o hand_n make_v a_o image_n of_o copper_n and_o set_v it_o up_o in_o athens_n in_o memory_n of_o he_o and_o there_o they_o shall_v find_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n and_o if_o they_o believe_v he_o let_v they_o not_o deny_v we_o and_o if_o they_o credit_v he_o not_o let_v they_o believe_v no_o more_o but_o what_o they_o see_v with_o their_o eye_n or_o that_o please_v their_o fond_a fantasy_n but_o to_o the_o matter_n this_o year_n the_o dane_n chase_v burchr_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n castor_n who_o also_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o die_v the_o year_n 857._o die_v ethelwulph_n 857_o and_o leave_v behind_o he_o his_o son_n athelbald_a king_n of_o westsex_n and_o athelbright_n king_n of_o kent_n and_o of_o the_o east_n saxon_n cast._n of_o this_o ethelwulph_n it_o be_v write_v that_o he_o be_v so_o well_o learned_a and_o so_o devout_a that_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n do_v choose_v he_o in_o his_o youth_n to_o be_v their_o bishop_n which_o function_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o &_o be_v bishop_n of_o winchester_n for_o seven_o year_n before_o he_o be_v king_n it_o be_v report_v also_o that_o he_o conquer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o demetia_n or_o southwales_n and_o give_v the_o same_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southsex_n to_o alfred_n his_o son_n and_o that_o the_o say_v alfred_n shall_v bring_v a_o thousand_o soldier_n out_o of_o wales_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o brother_n ethelbert_n to_o winchester_n and_o there_o put_v the_o dane_n to_o flight_n and_o destroy_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o athelbald_n the_o son_n of_o ethelwulph_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n keep_v his_o mother_n in_o law_n for_o his_o concubine_n and_o afterward_o marry_v she_o in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n after_o athelbald_n have_v reign_v eight_o year_n he_o die_v and_o athelbright_n his_o brother_n take_v the_o rule_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o that_o year_n the_o dane_n spoil_v winchester_n fabian_n and_o after_o a_o great_a fight_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o land_n but_o return_v to_o tenet_n they_o remain_v there_o for_o that_o winter_n and_o spoil_v by_o incursion_n all_o the_o sea_n shore_n this_o year_n also_o be_v the_o battle_n of_o gweythen_n betwixt_o the_o briton_n and_o the_o englishman_n and_o 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the_o people_n with_o much_o gladness_n but_o anon_o after_o like_o fickle_a and_o unconstant_a man_n they_o banish_v he_o the_o land_n again_o and_o take_v to_o their_o king_n one_o hircius_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n who_o likewise_o after_o three_o year_n they_o expel_v and_o willing_o submit_v themselves_o to_o edred_n who_o after_o he_o have_v rule_v the_o whole_a land_n eight_o year_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n after_o he_o reign_v edwin_n son_n of_o edmund_n in_o who_o time_n chance_v nothing_o worthy_a to_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n but_o that_o he_o marry_v another_o man_n wife_n her_o husband_n be_v alive_a this_o man_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v the_o realm_n four_o year_n die_v leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brother_n edgar_n who_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o england_n in_o his_o stead_n in_o the_o year_n 958._o 958_o be_v a_o wonder_a hot_a summer_n when_o gwgan_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n die_v after_o the_o which_o heat_n there_o follow_v a_o great_a plague_n in_o march_n follow_v in_o those_o day_n jago_n and_o jevaf_n by_o force_n and_o strength_n rule_v all_o wales_n as_o they_o think_v good_a and_o yet_o for_o all_o their_o power_n abloic_a king_n of_o ireland_n land_v in_o môn_n and_o have_v burn_v holyhe_v spoil_v the_o country_n of_o lhyyn_n in_o the_o year_n 961._o 961_o the_o son_n of_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n be_v slay_v after_o they_o have_v destroy_v all_o the_o country_n to_o towyn_n about_o this_o time_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o cadvan_n rytherch_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n and_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a world_n not_o long_o after_o the_o country_n of_o north-wales_n be_v sore_o spoil_v by_o the_o army_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n cast._n the_o cause_n of_o this_o war_n be_v the_o non_fw-fr payment_n of_o the_o tribute_n that_o the_o king_n of_o aberffraw_n by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n be_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n 232._o in_o the_o end_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v for_o king_n edgar_n understand_v what_o hurt_v the_o country_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n receive_v daily_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o wolf_n that_o then_o abound_v especial_o in_o wales_n which_o destroy_v much_o sheep_n and_o otherwise_o do_v great_a harm_n release_v the_o tribute_n in_o money_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a law_n of_o howel_n dha_n and_o bind_v the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n to_o pay_v he_o year_o certain_a wolf_n for_o his_o tribute_n and_o so_o to_o be_v release_v of_o that_o other_o tribute_n in_o money_n wales_n which_o the_o say_a prince_n perform_v until_o he_o have_v leave_v never_o a_o wolf_n in_o wales_n or_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 966._o roderike_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o irishman_n 966_o by_o who_o aberfraw_n be_v destroy_v the_o next_o year_n there_o fall_v a_o great_a debate_n betwixt_o the_o two_o son_n of_o edwal_n jago_n and_o jevaf_a which_o have_v rule_v joint_o together_o from_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n dha_n to_o that_o time_n and_o short_o after_o jago_n have_v take_v his_o brother_n jevaf_a by_o force_n very_o cruel_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n a_o long_a time_n about_o the_o which_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o southwales_n wan_a and_o seize_v to_o himself_o the_o land_n of_o gwyr_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 969._o 969_o mactus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o haroald_n with_o a_o army_n of_o dane_n do_v enter_v the_o will_v of_o anglesey_n and_o spoil_v penmon_n these_o dane_n be_v suffer_v by_o edgar_n to_o inhabit_v quiet_o through_o all_o england_n till_o they_o be_v as_o strong_a as_o the_o englishman_n and_o then_o they_o fall_v to_o such_o riotousness_n and_o drink_v that_o much_o mischief_n ensue_v thereof_o whereupon_o edgar_n make_v a_o law_n drink_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v drink_v by_o measure_n and_o cause_v a_o certain_a mark_n to_o be_v set_v in_o every_o pot_n how_o deep_a they_o shall_v drink_v and_o so_o by_o these_o mean_v he_o somewhat_o stay_v that_o immoderate_a ingurgitation_n not_o long_o after_o that_o godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n do_v subdue_v to_o himself_o the_o whole_a will_v of_o anglesey_n which_o he_o enjoy_v not_o long_o king_n edgar_z likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 972._o 972_o do_v send_v a_o great_a navy_n to_o caerlheon_n upon_o vsc_n which_o short_o turn_v back_o fabiaâ—_n without_o do_v any_o notable_a act_n the_o next_o year_n follow_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_n raise_v a_o great_a power_n against_o his_o uncle_n jago_n for_o the_o deliverance_n of_o his_o father_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o overcome_v his_o uncle_n in_o fight_n who_o he_o chase_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o take_v his_o elder_a uncle_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n and_o put_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n and_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n where_o he_o die_v short_o after_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n and_o jonaval_n 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and_o noble_a gentleman_n who_o do_v many_o notable_a act_n in_o his_o father_n time_n and_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwin_n and_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n mawr_z of_o who_o come_v afterward_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n in_o the_o year_n 984._o 984_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_a king_n of_o wales_n enter_v england_n with_o a_o army_n where_o he_o be_v fight_v withal_o and_o slay_v valiant_o fight_v this_o howel_n have_v no_o son_n but_o his_o brethren_n reign_v in_o his_o place_n cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_n after_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n his_o brother_n cadwalhon_n the_o second_o son_n of_o jevaf_n take_v in_o hand_n the_o governance_n of_o north-wales_n and_o first_o make_v war_n with_o jonaval_a his_o cousin_n the_o son_n of_o meyric_n and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o land_n and_o slay_v he_o but_o edwal_n the_o young_a brother_n escape_v away_o privily_o the_o year_n follow_v meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o 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take_v roger_n his_o cousin_n and_o waltheof_n who_o he_o commit_v to_o prison_n and_o cause_v to_o be_v execute_v afterward_o but_o radulph_n escape_v and_o depart_v the_o realm_n of_o the_o welshman_n which_o be_v at_o this_o marriage_n william_n hang_v some_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o other_o and_o banish_v the_o rest_n after_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1073._o 1073_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n king_n of_o wales_n be_v traitorouslie_o and_o cowardly_a murder_v by_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o ystrad_n tywy_n after_o he_o have_v worthy_o govern_v wales_n 13._o year_n this_o man_n be_v very_o liberal_a and_o merciful_a and_o love_a justice_n and_o equity_n in_o all_o his_o reign_n this_o blethyn_n have_v by_o diverse_a woman_n many_o child_n first_o meredyth_n by_o haer_fw-mi daughter_n to_o gylhyn_n lhywarch_n and_o cadogan_n by_o another_o woman_n madoc_n and_o riryd_n by_o the_o three_o and_o jorwerth_n by_o the_o four_o trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n trahaern_v the_o son_n of_o caradoc_n after_o the_o death_n of_o blethyn_n trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n his_o cousin_n germane_a take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n of_o north-wales_n &_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n do_v joint_o rule_v southwales_n then_o gruffyth_v son_n to_o conan_n son_n to_o jago_n or_o james_n right_a inheritor_n of_o north-wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o succour_n which_o his_o brethren_n encumalhon_n king_n of_o vltonia_fw-la and_o ranalht_n and_o mathaw_v have_v deliver_v he_o and_o he_o land_v in_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n kynwric_n ap_fw-mi rywalhon_fw-mi a_o noble_a man_n of_o maelor_n or_o bromefield_n be_v slay_v in_o north-wales_n this_o year_n also_o gronow_v and_o lhewelyn_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v join_v their_o power_n with_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rytherch_n against_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o rytherch_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n to_o revenge_v their_o grandfather_n death_n and_o then_o fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v camdhwr_n where_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n obtain_v the_o victory_n short_o after_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n pass_v over_o the_o water_n from_o môn_n to_o the_o main_a land_n and_o trahaern_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n meet_v with_o he_o at_o bronyrerw_n where_o gruffyth_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o retire_v back_o to_o the_o will_v in_o the_o year_n 1074._o 1074_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v slay_v by_o treason_n of_o his_o cousin_n germane_a meyrchaon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi rytherch_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rule_v southwales_n alone_o nevertheless_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n gather_v their_o power_n and_o come_v against_o he_o and_o fight_v with_o he_o the_o second_o time_n at_o gwaynyttyd_n where_o he_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o yet_o he_o gather_v a_o new_a power_n &_o keep_v the_o land_n still_o then_o trahaern_a ap_fw-mi caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n move_v his_o power_n against_o rees_n who_o bold_o meet_v he_o with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pwlhgwttic_a where_o after_o long_o fight_v rees_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o after_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n he_o flee_v from_o place_n to_o place_n fear_v all_o thing_n like_o a_o stag_n that_o have_v be_v late_o chase_v which_o mistrust_v every_o noise_n but_o at_o the_o last_o he_o with_o his_o brother_n howel_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi who_o slay_v they_o both_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o noble_a prince_n blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n at_o this_o time_n sulien_n archbishop_n of_o s._n david_n do_v forsake_v his_o bishopric_n and_o abraham_n be_v choose_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n in_o the_o year_n 1077._o 1077_o rees_n the_o soon_o of_o theodor_n the_o son_n of_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n as_o right_a inheritor_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n claim_v the_o same_o and_o the_o people_n receive_v he_o with_o much_o joy_n &_o make_v he_o their_o prince_n the_o next_o year_n after_o menevia_fw-la be_v all_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v by_o stranger_n and_o abraham_n the_o bishop_n die_v after_o who_o death_n sulien_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v the_o bishopric_n again_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v gruffyth_v the_o son_n of_o conan_n do_v bring_v a_o great_a army_n of_o irishman_n and_o scot_n into_o wales_n and_o join_v with_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n as_o two_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n gruffyth_o of_o north-wales_n and_o rees_n of_o southwales_n descend_v both_o linealie_a from_o roderike_n the_o great_a against_o who_o come_v trahaern_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n and_o caradoc_n gruffyth_v and_o mailyr_n the_o son_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi gwyn_n his_o cousin_n germans_n for_o gwyn_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n be_v their_o grandfather_n who_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o chief_a ruler_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o after_o they_o have_v meet_v at_o the_o mountain_n of_o carno_n they_o fight_v a_o cruel_a battle_n and_o be_v the_o more_o eager_a because_o upon_o that_o day_n work_v lay_v the_o life_n &_o honour_n of_o either_o party_n but_o at_o the_o length_n the_o victory_n fall_v to_o gruffyth_n and_o rees_n and_o trahaern_v with_o his_o coosen_v be_v all_o slay_v and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o their_o people_n then_o the_o kingdom_n of_o wales_n come_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n again_o at_o this_o time_n also_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o wales_n call_v vrgeney_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_fw-mi be_v slay_v by_o the_o son_n of_o rees_n sais_n which_o be_v to_o say_v rees_n the_o englishman_n for_o so_o they_o use_v to_o name_v all_o such_o as_o have_v serve_v in_o england_n &_o can_v speak_v the_o english_a tongue_n gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n gruffyth_v the_o son_n of_o conan_n castor_n this_o thrustan_n come_v from_o rome_n bring_v with_o he_o a_o new_a kind_n of_o note_n for_o the_o ordinary_a service_n of_o the_o church_n which_o he_o will_v have_v have_v his_o monk_n to_o use_v in_o their_o daily_a service_n but_o they_o not_o willing_a to_o change_v their_o old_a mumpsimus_n for_o his_o new_a sumpsimus_fw-la as_o the_o priest_n say_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o mass_n do_v stout_o withstand_v their_o abbot_n and_o thereof_o come_v this_o moonkish_a brawl_n wherein_o these_o three_o monk_n be_v slay_v and_o eighteen_o more_o hurt_v 17._o about_o this_o time_n or_o not_o long_o after_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o walwey_n king_n arthur_n sister_n son_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n in_o the_o country_n of_o ros_n the_o body_n by_o estimation_n upon_o view_v of_o the_o bone_n be_v think_v to_o be_v fourteen_o foot_n in_o length_n castor_n walwey_n in_o his_o life_n time_n be_v a_o right_n noble_a and_o valiant_a warrior_n of_o very_o good_a reputation_n who_o rule_v that_o country_n which_o to_o this_o day_n of_o he_o be_v call_v walwethay_n and_o this_o year_n sulien_n forsake_v his_o bishopric_n the_o second_o time_n and_o wylfred_n be_v stall_v in_o his_o place_n at_o this_o time_n also_o the_o town_n of_o caerdyff_fw-mi be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1087._o 1087_o william_n bastard_z king_n of_o all_o britain_n and_o duke_n of_o normandy_n die_v when_o he_o have_v leave_v never_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o english_a blood_n within_o england_n but_o have_v rob_v spoil_v and_o slay_v or_o banish_v they_o all_o castor_n and_o give_v their_o land_n to_o his_o own_o man_n for_o god_n have_v bring_v in_o the_o normanes_a to_o revenge_v his_o anger_n upon_o the_o angles_n and_o saxon_n which_o normanes_a be_v count_v the_o cruel_a people_n in_o the_o world_n for_o ever_o when_o they_o have_v bring_v their_o enemy_n to_o subjection_n that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o rebel_v against_o they_o they_o common_o destroy_v one_o another_o and_o so_o ever_o exercise_v their_o cruelty_n upon_o themselves_o as_o it_o appear_v in_o england_n normandy_n apulia_n calabria_n sicilia_n &_o antiochia_n which_o country_n they_o bring_v to_o their_o subjection_n cast._n it_o be_v note_v also_o by_o john_n rous_n and_o castoreus_n that_o no_o englishman_n bare_a office_n of_o any_o credit_n or_o countenance_n in_o the_o conqueror_n day_n and_o that_o it_o be_v count_v a_o great_a reproach_n and_o shame_n for_o a_o noble_a man_n or_o gentleman_n to_o be_v call_v a_o englishman_n or_o to_o join_v in_o affinity_n by_o marriage_n with_o the_o english_a nation_n they_o hate_v they_o so_o sore_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o all_o the_o ancient_a noble_a man_n and_o gentleman_n within_o this_o land_n be_v descend_v either_o from_o the_o norman_n and_o french_a or_o from_o the_o briton_n when_o william_n have_v obtain_v full_a possession_n of_o the_o realm_n rous._n he_o appoint_v &_o ordain_v such_o officer_n as_o spoil_v the_o
owen_n cyvelioc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredyth_n lord_n of_o powy_n &_o by_o owen_n vachan_n second_o son_n to_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n which_o land_n they_o divide_v betwixt_o they_o so_o that_o owen_n cyvelioc_n have_v mochnant_n above_o rayader_n and_o owen_n vachan_n mochnant_n beneath_o rayader_n this_o year_n there_o be_v a_o earthquake_n in_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n at_o this_o time_n king_n henry_n marry_v geffrey_n his_o son_n to_o constance_n the_o only_a daughter_n &_o heir_n of_o conan_n earl_n of_o richmond_n and_o duke_n of_o britain_n 1167_o in_o the_o year_n 1167._o owen_n prince_n of_o nothwales_n cadwallader_n his_o brother_n and_o rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n bring_v a_o army_n to_o powy_n against_o owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o win_v all_o his_o land_n &_o chase_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o give_v caereneon_n to_o owen_n vachan_n the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n to_o hold_v of_o prince_n owen_n and_o the_o lord_n rees_n have_v walwern_n because_o it_o stand_v within_o his_o country_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o owen_n cyvelioc_n return_v with_o a_o number_n of_o normanes_n and_o englishman_n to_o recover_v his_o country_n again_o and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o caereneon_n and_o win_v the_o same_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n also_o the_o same_o year_n the_o aforesaid_a prince_n owen_n rees_n and_o cadwallader_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n which_o the_o king_n have_v late_o build_v and_o fortify_v which_o the_o garrison_n defend_v manful_o and_o worthy_o yet_o the_o prince_n will_v not_o depart_v until_o they_o have_v win_v it_o which_o they_o do_v at_o two_o month_n end_n and_o then_o raze_v it_o afterward_o they_o get_v the_o castle_n of_o prestaryn_n and_o destroy_v it_o and_o then_o bring_v all_o tegengl_n to_o owen_n subjection_n and_o return_v home_o with_o much_o honour_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v conan_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n 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and_o thief_n and_o this_o year_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n constable_n be_v release_v out_o of_o his_o coosin_n the_o lord_n rees_n his_o prison_n hib._n and_o be_v send_v to_o ireland_n with_o a_o great_a power_n to_o succour_n dermot_n son_n to_o murchart_n who_o land_v at_o lochgarmon_n and_o win_v it_o and_o so_o go_v forward_o ireland_n this_o robert_n fitzstephen_n moris_n fitzgerald_n his_o brother_n and_o their_o nephew_n robert_n meyler_n and_o raymond_n with_o a_o army_n of_o welshman_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o richard_n strangbow_n earl_n of_o strigule_n be_v the_o chief_a captain_n and_o doer_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n when_o it_o be_v first_o reduce_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n of_o who_o the_o fitzgeralds_n fitzstephens_n and_o fitzmoris_n be_v descend_v of_o who_o giraldus_n write_v at_o large_a in_o his_o history_n of_o ireland_n in_o the_o year_n 1169._o meyric_n ap_fw-mi adam_n of_o buelht_n be_v murder_v in_o his_o bed_n 1169_o by_o meredyth_n bengoch_n his_o cousin_n germane_a measure_n also_o this_o year_n there_o be_v find_v the_o bone_n of_o a_o giant_n cast_v up_o by_o the_o sea_n of_o such_o length_n that_o his_o body_n seem_v to_o contain_v fifty_o foot_n in_o height_n at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n cause_v his_o son_n henry_n to_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n also_o this_o year_n owen_n gwyneth_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n pass_v out_o of_o this_o world_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v his_o country_n well_o and_o worthy_o 32._o year_n this_o prince_n be_v fortunate_a and_o victorious_a in_o all_o his_o affair_n he_o never_o take_v any_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n but_o he_o achieve_v it_o he_o leave_v behind_o he_o many_o child_n get_v by_o diverse_a woman_n which_o be_v not_o esteem_v by_o their_o mother_n and_o birth_n but_o by_o their_o prowess_n and_o valiantness_n first_o he_o have_v by_o gladus_n the_o daughter_n of_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n jorw_v drwyndw_v that_o be_v edward_z with_o the_o break_a nose_n conan_n maelgon_n and_o gwenlhian_n by_o christian_a the_o daughter_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n he_o have_v david_n roderike_n cadwalhon_n abbot_n of_o bardsey_n and_o angharat_n wife_n to_o gruffyth_n maylor_n he_o have_v beside_o these_o conan_n lhewelyn_n meredyth_n edwal_n run_v howel_n cadelh_n madoc_n eneon_n cynwric_n philip_n and_o riryd_n lord_n of_o clochran_n in_o ireland_n by_o diverse_a woman_n of_o who_o run_v lhewelyn_n and_o cynwric_n die_v before_o their_o father_n of_o the_o rest_n you_o shall_v hear_v hereafter_o david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n david_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n this_o madoc_n arrive_v in_o that_o western_a country_n unto_o the_o which_o he_o come_v in_o the_o year_n 1170._o leave_v most_o of_o his_o people_n there_o and_o return_v back_o for_o more_o of_o his_o own_o nation_n acquaintance_n and_o friend_n to_o inhabit_v that_o fair_a and_o large_a country_n go_v thither_o again_o with_o ten_o sail_n as_o i_o find_v note_v by_o gutyn_n owen_n owen_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o land_n whereunto_o he_o come_v be_v some_o part_n of_o mexico_n the_o cause_n which_o make_v i_o to_o think_v so_o be_v these_o 1_o the_o common_a report_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n which_o affirm_v that_o their_o ruler_n descend_v from_o a_o strange_a nation_n that_o come_v thither_o from_o a_o far_a country_n which_o thing_n be_v confess_v by_o mutezuma_n king_n of_o that_o country_n in_o his_o oration_n make_v for_o quiet_v of_o his_o people_n at_o his_o submission_n to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n hernando_n curteis_n be_v then_o present_a which_o be_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o spanish_a chronicle_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n 2_o the_o british_a word_n and_o name_n of_o place_n use_v in_o that_o country_n even_o to_o this_o day_n do_v argue_v the_o same_o as_o when_o they_o talk_v together_o ingram_n they_o use_v this_o word_n gwrando_n which_o be_v harken_v or_o listen_v also_o they_o have_v a_o certain_a bird_n with_o a_o white_a head_n discovery_n which_o they_o call_v pengwin_n that_o be_v white_z head_z but_o the_o island_n of_o corroeso_n the_o cape_n of_o bryton_n the_o river_n of_o gwyndor_n and_o the_o white_a rock_n of_o pengwyn_n which_o be_v all_o british_a or_o welsh_a word_n do_v manifest_o show_v that_o it_o be_v that_o country_n which_o madoc_n and_o his_o people_n inhabit_v the_o same_o time_n elinor_n the_o king_n daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o alfonsus_n king_n of_o castil_n also_o richard_n strangbowe_n earl_n of_o strigul_n go_v to_o ireland_n without_o the_o king_n leave_v and_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o dermot_n king_n of_o dublyn_n wherefore_o the_o king_n seize_v all_o his_o land_n in_o england_n to_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o dermot_n die_v short_o after_o and_o be_v bury_v at_o ferna_fw-la about_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n thomas_n becket_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n be_v slay_v the_o year_n ensue_v rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n come_v with_o great_a power_n to_o powy_n and_o subdue_v owen_n cyvelioc_n the_o lord_n thereof_o and_o take_v pledge_n of_o he_o and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o much_o honour_n then_o the_o king_n call_v his_o noble_n to_o consult_v about_o the_o enterprise_n of_o ireland_n which_o have_v be_v before_o determine_v to_o be_v take_v in_o hand_n hibera_n to_o this_o consultation_n come_v messenger_n from_o richard_n strangbowe_n earl_n of_o strigule_n martial_n of_o england_n to_o deliver_v to_o the_o king_n hand_n the_o city_n of_o dublyne_n and_o the_o town_n of_o waterford_n with_o such_o other_o town_n as_o he_o have_v by_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n whereupon_o the_o king_n restore_v to_o he_o again_o his_o land_n in_o england_n and_o normandy_n and_o make_v he_o
ibidem_fw-la take_v the_o government_n upon_o he_o 299._o excommunicate_v 300._o refuse_v to_o deliver_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o prison_n ibidem_fw-la he_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n 304._o he_o complain_v to_o the_o pope_n upon_o king_n henry_n 308._o make_v the_o principality_n of_o wales_n tributary_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 309._o put_v king_n henry_n army_n to_o flight_n 310._o he_o die_v 313._o david_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi 319._o forsake_v his_o brother_n 326.335.350_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o king_n offer_v 370._o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n 374._o david_n fitz_n gerald_n bishop_n of_o menevia_fw-la 201.237_o denbigh_n d_o 10._o the_o owner_n of_o it_o sithence_o the_o david_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi 377._o give_v to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n 377._o dial_n rodri_n 38._o dinerth_n 45._o dinevowr_n d_o 6._o and_o 17._o the_o castle_n win_v 269._o donwalhon_n prince_n of_o stratclwyd_n 64._o dyffryn_n clwyd_n d_o 10._o dyganwy_n d_o 10.262.267.326_o parcel_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o y_fw-fr e_o erle_n of_o chester_n d_o 10._o dyvet_n d_o 17._o destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n 65.71_o give_v to_o arnulph_n 154._o then_o to_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n 158._o thirdlie_o to_o saer_n 159._o fourthly_a to_o gerald_n 161.272_o e._n egbert_n king_n of_o england_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o saxon_n 25._o he_o enter_v into_o wales_n 24._o he_o change_v the_o name_n of_o britain_n into_o england_n 25._o his_o war_n against_o the_o dane_n 27._o he_o die_v ibidem_fw-la his_o wife_n hate_v the_o briton_n and_o cause_v the_o king_n to_o use_v they_o hardly_o ibidem_fw-la elife_o ap_fw-mi madoc_n 257._o his_o land_n take_v from_o he_o save_v crogen_n and_o 7._o towneship_n ibidem_fw-la edelfle_v 44.47.48_o edgar_z king_n of_o england_n spoil_v north-wales_n 61._o die_v 64._o edmund_n k._n of_o england_n 51._o he_o be_v slay_v 58._o ednyvet_n uachan_n 249.306_o edwal_n yoorch_n 7.9_o edwal_n uoel_n 46._o he_o be_v slay_v 51._o edwal_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n 72._o slay_v 73._o edwal_n uachan_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n uoel_n slay_v 65._o edward_n the_o elder_a 43._o he_o take_v london_n and_o oxford_n from_o his_o sister_n 44._o he_o disinherit_v his_o sister_n daughter_n 49._o die_v 50._o edward_n the_o martyr_n 64._o edward_n the_o confessor_n 92._o edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n 319_o retire_v 321._o come_v to_o wales_n 326._o go_v to_o the_o holy_a land_n 328._o crown_a king_n of_o england_n ibidem_fw-la he_o come_v to_o chester_n 333._o his_o offer_n to_o the_o prince_n 364.365_o his_o offer_n to_o david_n ibidem_fw-la he_o bring_v all_o wales_n to_o his_o subjection_n 374._o he_o give_v the_o land_n of_o the_o welshman_n to_o the_o noble_a man_n of_o england_n 377._o edward_n caernarvon_n 376._o take_v homage_n of_o the_o freeholder_n of_o wales_n 382._o edward_n of_o woodstoke_n 384_o edward_n of_o westminster_n 388._o edward_n of_o westminster_n 389._o edward_n son_n to_o k._n richard_n the_o three_o 390._o edward_n the_o sixth_o 396._o elizabeth_z princess_n 394._o eneon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n 65_o he_o be_v slay_v 66._o eneon_n ap_fw-mi cadivor_fw-la 119._o england_n and_o englishmen_n 25._o drive_v out_o of_o the_o country_n of_o senghennyth_n 279._o they_o do_v oppress_v the_o welshman_n 337._o easter_n not_o keep_v by_o y_z e_z britain_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 17.18_o esylht_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o conan_n d_o 16.22.24_o ethelwulphs_n genelogie_n 29._o he_o be_v bishop_n of_o winchester_n 32_o ethelbald_a marry_v his_o mother_n in_o law_n 32._o eun_v y_fw-fr e_o son_n of_o bledred_a 41._o f._n famine_n in_o southwales_n 71._o fermael_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n 18._o flemings_n come_v to_o dyvet_n 163._o they_o desire_v peace_n 277.279_o g._n galfrid_n arthur_n bishop_n of_o lhanelwy_a 203._o gavelford_n 25._o geffrey_n blyth_n bishop_n of_o coventrie_n and_o lichfield_n 392._o geffrey_n langley_n 321._o genelogy_n esteem_v among_o all_o nation_n 31._o gerald_n de_fw-fr windsor_n steward_n of_o pembroke_n 154._o gilbert_n strangbow_n earl_n of_o strigule_n 169.172_o gladys_n daughter_n to_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n 298._o gwaith_n y_fw-fr dinas_fw-la newydh_fw-mi 47._o gwaynyttyd_v 113._o ggo_v d_o 19_o spoil_v by_o the_o dane_n 42._o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n 250._o get_v again_o the_o castle_n of_o pool_n 248._o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o payne_n in_o eluel_n 251._o discomfit_v 252._o detain_v prisoner_n by_o the_o counsel_n 260._o release_v of_o his_o oath_n of_o obedience_n to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o pope_n 267._o gweythen_a 32._o gwyneth_n ¶_o see_v north-wales_n gilbert_n de_fw-fr humfrevile_n 125._o his_o heir_n 134._o glamorgan_n d_o 19_o spoil_v 71._o win_v from_o the_o welshman_n 122_o goth_n whence_o they_o come_v 39_o grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n lord_n of_o tegengl_n 172._o grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi ednyvet_n vachan_fw-mi 327._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n slay_v 49._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n 90._o he_o be_v slay_v 101._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n come_v to_o anglesey_n 112._o he_o war_v against_o trahaern_a ap_fw-mi caradoc_n 113._o join_v with_o rée_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n 114._o obtain_v the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n 115._o he_o make_v peace_n with_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o 174._o die_v 190._o his_o statute_n to_o reform_v the_o abuse_n of_o minstrel_n 191._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rée_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n 175._o put_v himself_o in_o armour_n against_o the_o king_n 176._o he_o take_v the_o town_n of_o caermardhyn_n 178._o he_o die_v 190._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi trahaerne_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n 162._o gruffyth_o maylor_n l._n of_o bromfield_n 242._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rée_v take_v by_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n and_o send_v to_o prison_n 250._o set_v at_o liberty_n 252._o he_o die_v 256._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n 280_o go_v with_o a_o army_n against_o william_n martial_n 282.292_o disquiet_v his_o father_n 297._o valiant_a and_o courageous_a 298.307_o imprison_a by_o his_o brother_n ibidem_fw-la great_a suit_n to_o the_o k._n for_o his_o inlargment_n 301._o deliver_v to_o the_o k._n and_o send_v to_o the_o tower_n where_o seek_v to_o escape_v he_o break_v his_o neck_n 307._o gruffyth_o lord_n of_o dinas_n bran_n 293.300.304.321.327_o gurmond_n d_o 15.6_o gwgan_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n 34._o h._n haste_v the_o dane_n 39_o henry_n the_o first_o k._n of_o england_n 157._o he_o come_v into_o wales_n 173._o again_o 184._o he_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v 185._o he_o die_v 188._o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n 204._o he_o come_v to_o wales_n 206._o put_v in_o danger_n of_o his_o life_n 207._o he_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n 208._o come_v to_o southwales_n 209._o again_o 219._o he_o come_v to_o north-wales_n 221._o lie_v encamp_v at_o berwyn_n 222._o in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v ibidem_fw-la he_o go_v the_o ireland_n 230._o return_v from_o ireland_n again_o 232._o forsake_v his_o wife_n 239._o he_o die_v 241._o henry_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n 276._o come_v to_o wales_n and_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o mountgomerie_n 280._o come_v again_o with_o a_o army_n to_o wales_n 283._o again_o 289._o marry_v 293._o come_v again_o to_o wales_n 299._o call_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o abbot_n of_o aberconwy_n &_o cymer_n 309._o he_o come_v again_o to_o wales_n 310._o he_o and_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n come_v to_o wales_n 322._o come_v to_o montgomerie_n and_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o prince_n 326._o he_o die_v 328._o henry_n lacie_n lord_n of_o denbigh_n and_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n 377._o henry_n prince_n of_o wales_n 392._o henry_n sidney_n knight_n of_o the_o order_n 400._o howel_n the_o brother_n of_o conan_n tindaethwy_n 22._o king_n of_o man_n 25._o howel_n dha_n prince_n of_o southwales_n 45._o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n 52._o his_o law_n 53._o he_o go_v to_o rome_n 54_o he_o die_v 58._o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi 62._o use_v his_o brother_n meyric_n cruel_o 63._o rule_v north-wales_n 64._o he_o be_v slay_v 66._o howel_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n 88_o he_o be_v slay_v 93._o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n lord_n of_o stratywy_n cydewen_n and_o gwyr_n 159._o he_o be_v traitorous_o slay_v 161._o howel_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n lord_n of_o ros_n &_o ryvonioc_n 183._o howel_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n a_o valiant_a captain_n 199._o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaflord_n of_o arust_o 240._o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n keep_v the_o castle_n of_o dover_n 275._o give_v the_o french_a navy_n a_o overthrow_n 277._o some_o of_o the_o baron_n conspire_v against_o he_o 283._o owner_n of_o montgomerie_n 284._o his_o folly_n 285._o commit_v to_o prison_n 288._o escape_v out_o of_o prison_n 289._o reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 292._o huganus_n lord_n of_o westwales_n 47._o hugh_n lupus_n earl_n of_o chester_n 151.155_o he_o die_v 157._o hugh_n de_fw-fr montgomerie_n earl_n
of_o this_o realm_n or_o dissemble_v the_o same_o to_o the_o advancement_n and_o praise_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o country_n which_o to_o the_o learned_a and_o indifferent_a reader_n shall_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o only_a occasion_n he_o take_v that_o work_n in_o hand_n for_o all_o his_o book_n redound_v only_o to_o the_o praise_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a and_o to_o blaze_v forth_o their_o act_n and_o deed_n within_o this_o realm_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o part_n do_v either_o open_o slander_n or_o else_o privily_o extenuate_v or_o shameful_o deny_v the_o martial_a prowess_n and_o noble_a act_n as_o well_o of_o saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n as_o of_o the_o britain_n all_o inhahiter_n of_o this_o will_v which_o thing_n he_o that_o listen_v to_o prove_v let_v he_o read_v and_o confer_v caesar_n commentary_n cornelius_n tacitus_n herodianus_n and_o other_o ancient_a writer_n as_o well_o in_o latin_a as_o in_o greek_a with_o his_o work_n as_o for_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o british_a history_n as_o the_o british_a chronicle_n the_o history_n of_o gildas_n ponticus_n verunnius_n yea_o the_o golden_a work_n of_o matthew_n paris_n moonke_v of_o saint_n albon_n which_o write_v from_o william_n bastard_n to_o the_o last_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o i_o dare_v well_o say_v he_o never_o see_v they_o they_o be_v in_o diverse_a place_n to_o be_v have_v so_o that_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v easy_o prove_v to_o make_v a_o end_n i_o say_v that_o he_o be_v first_o a_o strange_a bear_v and_o also_o ignorant_a as_o well_o in_o the_o history_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o of_o those_o tongue_n and_o language_n wherein_o the_o same_o be_v write_v can_v never_o set_v forth_o the_o true_a and_o perfect_a chronicle_n of_o the_o same_o but_o he_o have_v a_o good_a grace_n and_o a_o pleasant_a stile_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o find_v himself_o in_o a_o country_n where_o every_o man_n either_o lack_v knowledge_n 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welshman_n themselves_o do_v not_o understand_v what_o these_o word_n wales_n and_o welsh_n do_v signify_v nor_o know_v any_o other_o name_n of_o their_o country_n or_o themselves_o but_o cambry_a nor_o of_o their_o language_n but_o cambraec_fw-la which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o camber_n language_n or_o speech_n so_o likewise_o they_o know_v not_o what_o england_n or_o english_a mean_v but_o common_o they_o call_v the_o country_n lhoyger_n the_o englishman_n sayson_n saxonib_n and_o the_o english_a tongue_n saysonaec_fw-la which_o be_v a_o evident_a token_n that_o this_o be_v the_o same_o language_n which_o the_o briton_n speak_v at_o the_o beginning_n for_o the_o work_n of_o merdhyn_n and_o of_o taliessin_n who_o write_v above_o 1000_o year_n past_a be_v almost_o the_o same_o word_n which_o they_o use_v at_o this_o day_n or_o at_o the_o least_o easy_a to_o be_v understand_v of_o every_o one_o which_o know_v perfect_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n especial_o in_o north-wales_n beside_o this_o where_o at_o this_o day_n there_o do_v remain_v three_o remnant_n of_o the_o briton_n divide_v every_o one_o from_o other_o with_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v in_o wales_n cornwall_n call_v in_o british_a cerniw_n and_o little_a britain_n yet_o almost_o all_o the_o particular_a word_n of_o these_o three_o people_n be_v all_o one_o although_o in_o pronunciation_n and_o writing_n of_o the_o sentence_n they_o differ_v somewhat_o which_o be_v no_o marvel_n see_v that_o the_o pronunciation_n in_o one_o realm_n be_v often_o so_o diverse_a that_o the_o one_o can_v scant_o understand_v the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o wonder_n that_o the_o welshman_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o cornish_a well_o nigh_o these_o 900._o year_n and_o the_o briton_n from_o either_o of_o they_o 290._o year_n before_o that_o and_o have_v small_a traffic_n or_o concourse_n together_o sithence_o that_o time_n have_v still_o keep_v their_o own_o british_a tongue_n they_o be_v not_o therefore_o 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that_o either_o puff_v up_o with_o vain_a glory_n of_o their_o own_o wit_n or_o pinch_v with_o despite_n and_o envy_n at_o other_o man_n work_n or_o blind_v with_o ignorance_n do_v go_v about_o to_o write_v &_o set_v forth_o any_o history_n or_o chronicle_n but_o pass_v over_o this_o matter_n until_o a_o other_o time_n wales_n i_o will_v return_v to_o the_o description_n of_o wales_n which_o as_o i_o say_v be_v of_o old_a time_n compass_v almost_o about_o with_o the_o irish_a sea_n &_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o seaverne_n although_o afterward_o the_o saxon_n win_v by_o force_n from_o the_o briton_n all_v the_o plain_a and_o champion_n country_n over_o the_o river_n and_o special_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n who_o make_v a_o ditch_n of_o a_o great_a breadth_n and_o depth_n to_o be_v a_o more_fw-mi betwixt_o his_o kingdom_n and_o wales_n which_o ditch_n begin_v at_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi by_o bass_v werke_n between_o chester_n and_o ruthlan_n and_o run_v along_o the_o hill_n side_n to_o the_o south_n sea_n a_o little_a from_o bristol_n reach_v above_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o be_v in_o many_o place_n to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o clawdh_n offa_n that_o be_v to_o say_v offas_n ditch_n and_o the_o country_n between_o it_o and_o england_n be_v common_o call_v in_o welsh_a y_fw-fr mars_n although_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v now_o inhabit_v by_o welshman_n name_o in_o north-wales_n which_o yet_o keep_v the_o ancient_a limit_n to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o in_o some_o place_n over_o it_o other_o as_o sylvester_n giraldus_n make_v the_o river_n wy_n call_v in_o welsh_a gwy_n to_o be_v the_o more_fw-mi between_o england_n and_o wales_n on_o the_o south_n part_v call_v southwales_n who_o measure_v the_o breadth_n of_o wales_n from_o salowe_v or_o willoweford_n call_v rhydyrhelig_v upon_o wy_n to_o saint_n david_n in_fw-la menevia_fw-la 100_o mile_n and_o the_o length_n from_o caerlheon_n upon_o vsce_n in_o gwentland_n to_o holihead_n call_v caergybi_n in_o anglisey_n in_o welsh_a call_v môn_o above_o 100_o mile_n and_o these_o be_v the_o common_a mere_n at_o this_o day_n although_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n be_v common_o use_v and_o speak_v englandward_o beyond_o these_o old_a mere_a a_o great_a way_n as_o in_o herefordshire_n glocestershire_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o shropshire_n and_o thus_o for_o the_o general_a description_n of_o wales_n which_o afterward_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 870._o rodericus_fw-la magnus_fw-la king_n of_o wales_n divide_v it_o into_o three_o territory_n which_o they_o call_v kingdom_n which_o remain_v until_o of_o late_a day_n these_o three_o be_v gwynedh_n in_o english_a north-wales_n deheubarth_n in_o english_a southwales_n and_o powy_n land_n in_o every_o of_o the_o which_o he_o ordain_v a_o princely_a seat_n or_o court_v for_o the_o prince_n to_o remain_v at_o
that_o he_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o christian_n faith_n and_o be_v baptize_v before_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o this_o world_n the_o bishop_n and_o the_o consul_n suspect_v no_o guile_n be_v very_o glad_a not_o only_o to_o be_v deliver_v from_o the_o present_a trouble_n but_o also_o to_o win_v such_o a_o worthy_a man_n to_o the_o congregation_n of_o christ._n whereupon_o firm_a peace_n be_v make_v between_o both_o nation_n haste_v be_v baptize_v the_o bishop_n and_o the_o consul_n be_v his_o godfather_n which_o thing_n be_v do_v he_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o soldier_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o very_a weak_a case_n as_o he_o outward_o pretend_v about_o midnight_n he_o cause_v himself_o be_v arm_v in_o his_o complete_a harness_n to_o be_v lay_v upon_o a_o beer_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o be_v arm_v and_o to_o carry_v their_o weapon_n with_o they_o under_o their_o upper_a garment_n and_o so_o to_o be_v ready_a when_o he_o shall_v give_v they_o a_o sign_n the_o day_n follow_v all_o thing_n be_v in_o a_o readiness_n he_o be_v bring_v solemn_o by_o his_o people_n with_o great_a clamour_n and_o counterfeit_v mourn_v to_o be_v inter_v in_o the_o chief_a church_n of_o the_o city_n where_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o consul_n accompany_v with_o all_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o same_o city_n come_v to_o honour_v the_o burial_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o bishop_n have_v make_v himself_o ready_a to_o bury_v the_o corpse_n most_o of_o all_o the_o town_n man_n be_v in_o the_o church_n haste_v step_v up_o all_o arm_a with_o his_o sword_n draw_v and_o first_o kill_v the_o bishop_n and_o the_o consul_n and_o then_o fall_v with_o his_o arm_a soldier_n upon_o the_o naked_a people_n and_o destroy_v they_o in_o a_o manner_n every_o one_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n neither_o spare_a age_n sex_n or_o infirmity_n and_o when_o he_o have_v sack_v the_o town_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o charles_n the_o french_a king_n for_o peace_n which_o he_o obtain_v and_o withal_o the_o city_n of_o charter_n towards_o his_o charge_n to_o be_v quiet_a about_o this_o time_n eun_v the_o son_n of_o bledryd_n a_o baron_n of_o wales_n die_v and_o the_o year_n 893._o 893_o anarawd_n king_n or_o prince_n pf_n north-wales_n come_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o englishman_n and_o make_v war_n against_o his_o brother_n cadelh_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o ystradgwy_n in_o those_o day_n the_o dane_n besiege_v excester_n west_n against_o who_o when_o alfred_n go_v they_o which_o be_v at_o auldre_n pass_v over_o to_o essex_n and_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o scobrith_n and_o from_o thence_o take_v their_o journey_n to_o budington_n upon_o seaverne_n and_o when_o alfred_n come_v to_o excester_n the_o dane_n flee_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o spoil_v the_o seacoa_v of_o wales_n and_o they_o which_o be_v in_o budington_n hear_v of_o the_o king_n come_v flee_v back_o to_o their_o castle_n in_o essex_n another_o company_n of_o they_o come_v to_o leycester_n where_o 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river_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n of_o brecknock_n gwentland_n &_o gwentlhwg_n also_o this_o year_n go_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o to_o france_n by_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi and_o another_o company_n of_o they_o spoil_v the_o coast_n of_o devonshire_n where_o they_o lose_v six_o ship_n after_o a_o long_a conflict_n the_o summer_n follow_v the_o country_n of_o ireland_n be_v destroy_v with_o strange_a worm_n have_v two_o tooth_n which_o consume_v all_o that_o be_v green_a in_o the_o land_n these_o seem_v to_o be_v locust_n a_o rare_a plague_n in_o these_o country_n but_o often_o see_v in_o africa_n italy_n and_o other_o hot_a region_n 900_o about_o the_o year_n 900._o igmond_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n come_v to_o anglesey_n and_o the_o welshman_n give_v he_o battle_n at_o molerain_n there_o be_v some_o british_a copy_n of_o this_o history_n which_o affirm_v that_o this_o battle_n between_o igmond_n captain_n of_o the_o black_a nation_n and_o the_o briton_n wherein_o mervyn_n be_v slay_v be_v fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v meilon_n of_o the_o which_o it_o be_v call_v maes_n rhos_n meilon_n the_o same_o year_n die_v alfred_n which_o some_o call_v alured_v make_v v_a a_o vowel_n which_o shall_v be_v a_o consonant_n this_o prince_n translate_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o dyfnwal_n moelmut_n king_n of_o britain_n and_o the_o law_n of_o marsia_n queen_n of_o britain_n and_o wife_n to_o cyhelin_n out_o of_o british_a into_o english_a and_o call_v it_o marsian_a law_n which_o law_n be_v afterward_o call_v westsaxon_n lex_fw-la and_o keep_v in_o a_o part_n of_o mercia_n and_o in_o all_o the_o country_n on_o the_o south_n of_o thames_n for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o land_n have_v another_o law_n call_v dane_n lex_fw-la and_o these_o remain_v till_o edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n who_o of_o these_o two_o law_n make_v one_o also_o this_o alfred_n do_v divide_v the_o day_n in_o three_o part_n by_o a_o taper_n which_o burn_v continual_o in_o his_o chapel_n cast._n and_o endure_v just_a 24._o hour_n the_o first_o part_n of_o that_o time_n he_o bestow_v at_o his_o book_n and_o in_o prayer_n the_o second_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n and_o the_o three_o part_n to_o take_v his_o rest_n and_o refresh_v himself_o after_o who_o death_n menâ—ven_n a_o certain_a clerk_n make_v his_o epitaph_n as_o here_o follow_v nobilitas_fw-la innata_fw-la tibi_fw-la probitatis_fw-la honorem_fw-la armipotens_fw-la alfrede_fw-la dedit_fw-la probitásque_fw-la laborem_fw-la perpetuúmque_fw-la labour_n nomen_fw-la cvi_fw-la mixta_fw-la dolori_fw-la gaudia_fw-la semper_fw-la erant_fw-la spes_fw-la semper_fw-la mixta_fw-la timori_fw-la si_fw-mi modò_fw-la victor_n eras_fw-la ad_fw-la crastina_fw-la bella_fw-la pavebas_fw-la si_fw-la modò_fw-la victus_fw-la eras_fw-la &_o crastina_fw-la bella_fw-la parabas_fw-la cui_fw-la vestes_fw-la sudore_fw-la iugi_fw-la cvi_fw-la sica_fw-la cruore_fw-la tincta_fw-la iugi_fw-la quantum_fw-la sit_fw-la onus_fw-la regnare_fw-la probarunt_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la immensi_fw-la quisquam_fw-la per_fw-la climata_fw-la mundi_fw-la cui_fw-la tot_fw-la in_o adversis_fw-la vel_fw-la respirare_fw-la liceret_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la aut_fw-la ferro_fw-la contritus_fw-la ponere_fw-la ferrum_fw-la aut_fw-la gladio_fw-la potuit_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la finisse_fw-la labores_fw-la i_o be_o post_fw-la transactos_fw-la regni_fw-la vitaeque_fw-la labores_fw-la christus_fw-la ei_fw-la fit_a vera_fw-la quies_fw-la sceptrúmque_fw-la perenne_fw-fr after_o alfred_n reign_v edward_n his_o son_n against_o who_o adelwulph_n his_o brother_n make_v cruel_a war_n who_o fly_v to_o northumberland_n stir_v the_o dane_n against_o he_o he_o be_v choose_v king_n as_o well_o of_o the_o dane_n as_o of_o the_o angle_n which_o at_o that_o time_n have_v grow_v to_o be_v one_o people_n and_o after_o he_o subdue_v the_o east_n saxon_n and_o with_o a_o great_a army_n spoil_v mercia_n and_o pass_v over_o thames_n at_o crickland_n destroy_v brythend_v and_o return_v home_o with_o great_a spoil_n at_o this_o time_n eun_v be_v slay_v in_o arwystli_n king_n edward_n also_o pursue_v his_o brother_n hunt_n and_o overrun_v all_o the_o land_n betwixt_o ouse_n and_o the_o dike_a of_o s._n edmund_n and_o return_v back_o with_o all_o his_o army_n save_v the_o kentishman_n which_o tarry_v to_o spoil_v cast._n against_o who_o the_o dane_n come_v and_o fight_v a_o sore_a battle_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n the_o dane_n about_o the_o year_n 905._o 905_o enter_v into_o ireland_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o irishman_n and_o slay_v carmot_n king_n and_o bishop_n of_o all_o ireland_n and_o the_o son_n of_o cukeman_n a_o man_n both_o godly_a and_o religious_a and_o kyrnalt_a son_n of_o murgan_n king_n of_o lagines_n about_o a_o year_n after_o die_v asser_n archbishop_n of_o wales_n camb._n there_o be_v two_o of_o this_o name_n at_o the_o same_o time_n both_o
year_n follow_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n name_v owen_n cyvelioc_n hòua_n and_o owen_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o carrechova_n by_o oswestrie_n and_o waste_v it_o about_o the_o same_o time_n 1163_o there_o be_v a_o combat_n fight_v between_o robert_n mountfort_n 46._o and_o henry_n de_fw-fr essex_n to_o try_v which_o of_o they_o have_v begin_v the_o flight_n in_o the_o voyage_n against_o the_o welshman_n in_o the_o march_n either_o of_o they_o accuse_v the_o other_o but_o in_o the_o trial_n henry_n be_v overcome_v and_o afterward_o disinherit_v &_o shave_v a_o moonke_v at_o redding_n then_o the_o king_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n against_o southwales_n and_o come_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o pencadayr_a beside_o brechnock_n where_o rees_n come_v to_o he_o and_o do_v he_o homage_n 134._o and_o give_v he_o pledge_n and_o then_o the_o king_n go_v to_o ireland_n again_o about_o this_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi nephew_n to_o prince_n rees_n be_v murder_v in_o his_o bed_n by_o a_o man_n of_o his_o own_o name_v lhywarch_n also_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n be_v slay_v after_o the_o like_a manner_n by_o one_o walter_z ap_fw-mi riccart_n then_o the_o lord_n rees_n as_o he_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a or_o king_n rees_n as_o the_o latin_a author_n name_v he_o take_v the_o cantref_n mawr_z which_o be_v a_o great_a country_n and_o the_o land_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o enjoy_v it_o and_o this_o year_n die_v cadivor_fw-la ap_fw-mi daniel_n archdeacon_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o henry_n ap_fw-mi arthen_n which_o be_v the_o worthy_a clerk_n that_o have_v be_v many_o year_n in_o wales_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o lord_n rees_n see_v he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v his_o estate_n with_o such_o land_n as_o the_o king_n have_v appoint_v he_o enter_v the_o land_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n for_o by_o the_o earl_n mean_n be_v his_o nephew_n murder_v and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o aberheidol_n and_o of_o the_o son_n of_o wynyaon_n &_o raze_v they_o and_o so_o in_o short_a time_n he_o bring_v all_o caerdigan_n to_o his_o subjection_n from_o thence_o he_o make_v many_o road_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o get_v great_a spoil_n in_o their_o country_n then_o all_o wales_n agree_v to_o forsake_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o normanes_n who_o treason_n and_o cruelty_n they_o can_v not_o abide_v and_o to_o serve_v prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n this_o year_n hamelyn_n base_a brother_n to_o king_n henry_n marry_v the_o countess_n of_o warren_n which_o be_v wife_n to_o william_n earl_n of_o egle_n base_a son_n to_o king_n stephen_n and_o daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o william_n earl_n warren_n also_o this_o year_n die_v walter_n gifford_n earl_n of_o buckingham_n without_o heir_n &_o therefore_o the_o earldom_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n hand_n in_o the_o year_n 1165._o 1165_o david_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v destroy_v all_o flynt_n shire_n which_o be_v the_o king_n and_o carry_v all_o the_o people_n and_o cattle_n with_o he_o to_o the_o dyffryn_n cloyd_n now_o call_v ruthyn_n land_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o king_n understand_v he_o levy_v a_o army_n in_o haste_n and_o come_v to_o succour_v his_o castle_n and_o people_n as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n and_o after_o he_o have_v lie_v there_o three_o day_n and_o can_v do_v no_o good_a he_o return_v to_o england_n where_o he_o gather_v another_o army_n of_o choose_a man_n through_o all_o his_o dominion_n as_o england_n normandy_n anjou_n gascon_a &_o gwyen_v send_v for_o succour_n from_o flanders_n and_o britain_n &_o then_o return_v towards_o north-wales_n mind_v utterlie_o to_o destroy_v all_o that_o have_v life_n in_o the_o land_n and_o come_v to_o crow_n oswalt_n call_v oswaldstree_n encamp_v there_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n prince_n owen_n and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o north-wales_n and_o the_o lord_n rees_n with_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n &_o owen_n cynelioc_n and_o the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n with_o the_o power_n of_o powy_n and_o the_o two_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n with_o the_o people_n betwixt_o wye_n and_o seaverne_n gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o come_v to_o corwen_n in_o edeyrneon_n purpose_v to_o defend_v their_o country_n but_o the_o king_n understanding_n that_o they_o be_v so_o nigh_o be_v wonderful_a desirous_a of_o battle_n come_v to_o the_o river_n ceireoc_n and_o cause_v the_o wood_n to_o be_v hew_v down_o whereupon_o a_o number_n of_o the_o welshman_n understand_v the_o passage_n unknowing_a to_o their_o captain_n meet_v with_o the_o king_n ward_n where_o be_v place_v the_o pike_a man_n of_o all_o the_o army_n and_o there_o begin_v a_o hot_a skirmish_n where_o diverse_a worthy_a man_n be_v slay_v on_o either_o side_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n win_v the_o passage_n and_o come_v to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwyn_n where_o he_o lie_v in_o camp_n certain_a day_n and_o so_o both_o the_o army_n stand_v in_o awe_n each_o of_o other_o for_o the_o king_n keep_v the_o open_a plain_n and_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v entrap_v in_o strait_n but_o the_o welshman_n watch_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n &_o keep_v the_o king_n so_o straitlie_o that_o neither_o forage_n nor_o victual_n may_v come_v to_o his_o camp_n neither_o dare_v any_o soldier_n stir_v abroad_o and_o to_o augment_v these_o misery_n there_o fall_v such_o rain_n that_o the_o king_n man_n can_v scant_o stand_v upon_o their_o foot_n upon_o those_o slippery_a hill_n in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v home_o without_o his_o purpose_n &_o that_o with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o munition_n beside_o his_o charge_n hoveden_n therefore_o in_o a_o great_a choler_n he_o cause_v the_o pledge_n eye_n who_o he_o have_v receive_v long_o before_o that_o to_o be_v put_v out_o which_o be_v rees_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n and_o cynwric_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o rees_n and_o other_o 408._o i_o find_v also_o write_v by_o diverse_a that_o in_o the_o assiege_n of_o a_o bridge_n the_o king_n be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n for_o one_o of_o the_o weshman_n shoot_v direct_o at_o he_o have_v pierce_v he_o through_o the_o body_n if_o hubert_n de_fw-fr s._n clere_n constable_n of_o colchester_n perceive_v the_o arrow_n come_v have_v not_o thrust_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o same_o arrow_n whereby_o he_o save_v his_o master_n and_o die_v himself_o for_o he_o present_o although_o polydore_n write_v the_o history_n out_o of_o the_o same_o author_n do_v conceal_v the_o same_o then_o after_o long_a consultation_n the_o king_n come_v the_o three_o time_n towards_o north-wales_n intend_v to_o have_v his_o army_n convey_v by_o sea_n &_o to_o land_n in_o some_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o he_o come_v to_o chester_n and_o there_o lie_v a_o certain_a time_n till_o all_o his_o navy_n be_v gather_v together_o aswell_o hire_v ship_n of_o ireland_n as_o his_o own_o and_o upon_o the_o sudden_a he_o break_v up_o his_o camp_n and_o give_v both_o ship_n and_o man_n leave_v to_o depart_v the_o same_o year_n rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o aberteivi_fw-la and_o win_v it_o and_o make_v it_o flat_a with_o the_o ground_n and_o likewise_o wan_a cilgerran_n &_o raze_v it_o at_o which_o time_n he_o take_v prisoner_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n his_o cousin_n germane_a son_n to_o nest_n his_o aunt_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o gerald_n have_v marry_v stephen_n constable_n and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o rich_a spoil_n about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v lhewelyn_n son_n to_o prince_n owen_n a_o worthy_a gentleman_n and_o of_o great_a towardness_n in_o the_o year_n ensue_v the_o fleming_n and_o normanes_n come_v to_o westwales_n with_o a_o great_a power_n against_o the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n which_o rees_n have_v fortify_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o assault_v it_o diverse_a time_n but_o it_o be_v so_o manful_o defend_v that_o they_o return_v home_o as_o they_o come_v and_o short_o after_o they_o come_v before_o it_o again_o where_o they_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o best_a man_n and_o then_o depart_v again_o the_o same_o year_n owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o basygwerke_n which_o the_o king_n have_v fortify_v and_o in_o short_a time_n win_v the_o same_o and_o raze_v it_o cam._n about_o the_o same_o time_n dermot_n the_o son_n of_o murchart_n be_v chase_v out_o of_o his_o dominion_n in_o ireland_n and_o go_v to_o normandy_n to_o king_n henry_n for_o succour_n also_o jorwerth_n goch_n be_v spoil_v of_o his_o land_n in_o powy_n by_o
will_n of_o the_o people_n all_o his_o land_n save_v two_o castle_n aberteivi_fw-la and_o stratmeyric_n which_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o gwenwynwyn_n have_v wrongful_o take_v from_o he_o then_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n fear_v his_o displeasure_n take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n before_o noble_a and_o religious_a man_n which_o be_v about_o to_o make_v peace_n betwixt_o they_o that_o if_o his_o brother_n gruffyth_n will_v give_v he_o pledge_n for_o the_o assurance_n of_o his_o own_o person_n he_o will_v deliver_v he_o by_o a_o day_n the_o castle_n of_o aberteivi_fw-la whereupon_o gruffyth_n do_v so_o but_o assoon_o as_o maelgon_n get_v the_o pledge_n he_o fortify_v the_o castle_n &_o man_v it_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o send_v the_o pledge_n to_o gwenwynwyn_n who_o hate_v gruffyth_n to_o the_o death_n there_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o prison_n but_o short_o after_o by_o god_n help_n they_o break_v the_o prison_n &_o escape_v home_o in_o the_o year_n 1199._o 1199_o maelgon_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dynerth_n and_o get_v it_o slay_v all_o the_o garrison_n which_o his_o brother_n gruffyth_v have_v leave_v to_o defend_v it_o but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n gruffyth_v wan_a the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n and_o fortify_v it_o 75._o this_o year_n as_o king_n richard_n do_v view_v the_o castle_n of_o chaleus_n in_o the_o country_n of_o lenuoyle_n he_o be_v strike_v with_o a_o quarrel_n and_o sore_o wound_v whereof_o he_o die_v the_o nine_o of_o april_n and_o leave_v by_o his_o testament_n john_n his_o brother_n inheritor_n of_o all_o his_o land_n have_v no_o respect_n to_o his_o brother_n geoffrey_n son_n arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o elder_a brother_n be_v his_o right_a heir_n 92._o then_o this_o john_n surname_v without_o land_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o england_n with_o great_a triumph_n wherefore_o the_o french_a king_n forth_o with_o make_v war_n against_o he_o to_o who_o arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n cleave_v think_v thereby_o to_o obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n also_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n by_o mean_n of_o hugh_n bygod_n come_v to_o york_n and_o open_o swear_v fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o year_n after_o gruffyth_o son_n to_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n a_o noble_a man_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o monk_n cowl_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwy_n lhoyd_n and_o so_o be_v all_o the_o noble_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o time_n bury_v for_o they_o be_v make_v to_o believe_v by_o the_o monk_n and_o friar_n that_o that_o strange_a weed_n be_v a_o sure_a defence_n betwixt_o their_o soul_n and_o hell_n how_o so_o ever_o they_o die_v and_o all_o this_o baggage_n and_o superstition_n receive_v they_o with_o monk_n and_o friar_n a_o few_o year_n before_o that_o out_o of_o england_n for_o the_o first_o abbey_n or_o friar_n house_n that_o we_o read_v of_o in_o wales_n since_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o noble_a house_n of_o bangor_n which_o savor_v not_o of_o romish_a dregs_n be_v the_o tuy_n gwyn_n build_v the_o year_n 1146._o and_o after_o they_o swarm_v like_o bee_n through_o all_o the_o country_n for_o then_o the_o clergy_n have_v forget_v the_o lesson_n that_o they_o have_v receive_v of_o the_o noble_a clerk_n ambrose_n telesinus_n who_o write_v in_o the_o year_n 540._o when_v the_o right_a christian_a faith_n which_o joseph_n of_o aremathia_n teach_v at_o the_o will_v of_o aualon_n reign_v in_o this_o land_n before_o the_o proud_a and_o bloodthirsty_a moonke_v augustine_n infect_v it_o with_o his_o romish_a doctrine_n in_o a_o certain_a ode_n have_v these_o verse_n corrupt_a gwae'r_o offeiriad_v bid_v nys_n angreifftia_fw-la gwyd_fw-la ac_fw-la ny_fw-fr phregetha_fw-mi gwae_fw-la ny_fw-fr cheidw_fw-mi i_fw-mi gail_v ac_fw-la of_o yn_a vigail_n ac_fw-la ny_n areilia_fw-la gwae_fw-la ny_fw-fr theidw_fw-mi i_fw-mi dhevay_v rhae_n bleidhie_a rhufeniaid_a a'i_n ffon_n gnwppa_fw-la which_o 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turyn_n have_v this_o isabel_n to_o wife_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n william_n de_fw-fr valence_n who_o in_o the_o right_n of_o jone_n his_o wife_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o warren_n montchensey_n and_o of_o jone_n the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o william_n earl_n martial_n and_o pembroke_n be_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n as_o in_o this_o history_n hereafter_o do_v appear_v the_o year_n 1201._o 1201_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n be_v a_o lusty_a young_a man_n banish_v out_o of_o the_o land_n his_o cousin_n meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n suspect_v of_o treason_n and_o seize_v the_o cantref_o of_o lhyyn_n and_o euyonyth_n to_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o be_v conans_fw-la land_n then_o short_o after_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n rees_n be_v slay_v at_o carnwilhion_n by_o treason_n who_o elder_a brother_n gruffyth_v seize_v upon_o his_o castle_n 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