adversary_n in_o this_o manner_n viz._n the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o parliament_n whereby_o the_o baron_n by_o writ_n have_v his_o original_a be_v to_o call_v that_o honourable_a and_o worthy_a person_n so_o summon_v to_o the_o number_n of_o that_o right_n high_a and_o honourable_a assembly_n and_o to_o be_v a_o judge_n to_o sit_v hear_v and_o determine_v life_n and_o member_n plea_n and_o right_n of_o land_n if_o there_o shall_v come_v occasion_n likewise_o to_o give_v counsel_n and_o advise_v in_o the_o most_o mighty_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o these_o thing_n be_v convenient_a for_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o man_n unfitting_a and_o altogether_o unbeseeming_a the_o sex_n of_o woman_n ergo_fw-la have_v respect_n unto_o the_o scope_n and_o final_a purpose_n of_o such_o writ_n such_o inheritance_n shall_v only_o descend_v unto_o the_o heir_n female_a the_o second_o argument_n contra_fw-la second_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v answer_v that_o although_o the_o heir_n female_a to_o who_o such_o inheritance_n be_v descend_v be_v unfit_a in_o she_o own_o person_n for_o the_o accomplish_n of_o these_o thing_n yet_o she_o may_v marry_v with_o one_o sufficient_o able_a for_o she_o and_o in_o her_o behalf_n to_o execute_v the_o same_o this_o answer_n will_v neither_o satisfy_v nor_o salve_v the_o inconvenience_n for_o admit_v that_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a be_v at_o full_a age_n at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o ancestor_n unmarried_a for_o it_o do_v lie_v in_o she_o own_o choice_n then_o who_o shall_v be_v her_o husband_n the_o three_o argument_n contra_fw-la three_o if_o such_o husband_n shall_v be_v call_v by_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o writ_n shall_v make_v some_o mention_n thereof_o for_o otherwise_o it_o may_v well_o be_v take_v that_o the_o husband_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o own_o person_n and_o in_o behalf_n of_o himself_o and_o not_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o such_o pretend_a dignity_n descend_v unto_o he_o but_o there_o be_v never_o such_o a_o writ_n of_o summons_n see_v wherein_o the_o wife_n be_v mention_v and_o if_o the_o husband_n of_o such_o a_o wife_n have_v be_v call_v to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v always_o by_o general_n write_v not_o mention_v his_o wife_n he_o be_v thereby_o make_v a_o baron_n of_o himself_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_v write_v have_v thus_o hear_v both_o side_n to_o dispute_v place_n it_o do_v now_o require_v to_o interpose_v opinion_n to_o compound_v the_o controversy_n this_o point_n in_o question_n be_v somewhat_o perplex_v by_o mean_n of_o difficult_a precedent_n for_o first_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o precedent_n do_v prove_v that_o barony_n by_o writ_n have_v descend_v unto_o heir_n female_a who_o husband_n have_v be_v call_v to_o parliament_n whether_o in_o regard_n of_o themselves_o or_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o wife_n right_a it_o make_v no_o matter_n but_o since_o it_o be_v that_o the_o marriage_n of_o such_o lady_n give_v that_o occasion_n to_o be_v summon_v and_o such_o husband_n and_o their_o posterity_n have_v and_o do_v lawful_o bear_v the_o same_o title_n of_o dignity_n which_o the_o ancestor_n of_o such_o a_o wife_n do_v before_o rightful_o bear_v for_o by_o this_o controversy_n theâ—e_n be_v no_o purpose_n to_o call_v the_o right_n of_o such_o noble_a house_n into_o question_n howbeit_o second_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o precedent_n and_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o every_o dutiful_a subject_n that_o the_o king_n majesty_n be_v nevertheless_o at_o liberty_n to_o call_v to_o his_o high_a council_n of_o parliament_n who_o he_o shall_v in_o his_o princely_a wisdom_n think_v fit_a which_o by_o his_o majesty_n be_v noble_a progenitor_n have_v in_o former_a age_n likewise_o observe_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o ralph_n lord_n cromwell_n be_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o issue_n have_v two_o sister_n and_o coheir_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a who_o marry_v sir_n thomas_n nevile_n knight_n and_o joan_n the_o young_a who_o marry_v sir_n humphrey_n butcher_n knight_n who_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o lord_n cromwell_n and_o not_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n three_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o if_o a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o heir_n male_a have_v his_o daughter_n sister_n or_o other_o collateral_a heir_n male_a that_o can_v challenge_v the_o land_n of_o the_o say_a baron_n decease_v by_o any_o ancient_a entail_n or_o otherwise_o the_o title_n of_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a have_v heretofore_o be_v allow_v as_o by_o the_o honourable_a opinion_n and_o relation_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o late_a commissioner_n in_o the_o office_n of_o earl-marshal_n signify_v unto_o the_o late_a queen_n upon_o petition_n of_o the_o sister_n and_o heir_n of_o gregory_n lord_n dacres_n decease_v may_v appear_v moreover_o in_o the_o same_o pedigree_n of_o the_o lord_n dacres_n it_o be_v express_v that_o thomas_n sometime_o lord_n dacres_n have_v issue_n thomas_n his_o elder_a son_n ralph_n his_o second_o and_o humphrey_z his_o third_z thomas_n the_o elder_a die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n have_v issue_n joan_n daughter_n and_o heir_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o sir_n richard_n fines_n knight_n and_o after_o thomas_n lord_n dacres_n his_o grandfather_n and_o father_n to_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o humphrey_n die_v after_o who_o death_n henry_n the_o six_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n bear_v date_n at_o westminster_n the_o seven_o of_o november_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n recite_v the_o say_a pedigree_n and_o marriage_n do_v by_o his_o say_a letter_n patent_n accept_v declare_v and_o repute_v the_o say_a richard_n fines_n to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n and_o one_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o afterward_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o the_o say_a humphrey_n dacres_n after_o the_o attainder_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o himself_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o the_o reversal_n of_o the_o say_a act_n by_o another_o act_n in_o the_o twelve_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o the_o say_a humphrey_n make_v challenge_v unto_o the_o say_a barony_n and_o unto_o divers_a land_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n his_o father_n whereupon_o both_o party_n after_o their_o title_n have_v be_v consider_v of_o in_o parliament_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o and_o enter_v into_o bond_n each_o to_o other_o for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o whereupon_o the_o say_a king_n in_o his_o award_n under_o his_o privy_a seal_n bear_v date_n at_o westminster_n the_o eight_o of_o april_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la decimo_fw-la tertio_fw-la do_v award_v that_o the_o say_v richard_n fines_n in_o the_o right_n of_o joan_n his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n by_o the_o say_v joan_n beget_v shall_v keep_v have_v and_o use_v the_o same_o seat_n and_o place_n in_o every_o parliament_n as_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n knight_n lord_n dacres_n have_v use_v and_o keep_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n knight_n then_o late_a lord_n dacres_n beget_v shall_v have_v and_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n the_o manor_n of_o holbeach_n and_o further_o that_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n do_v award_v on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o the_o say_v humphrey_n dacres_n knight_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v be_v repute_v have_v name_v and_o call_v the_o lord_n dacres_n of_o gillesland_n and_o that_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n then_o late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v have_v use_v and_o keep_v the_o place_n in_o parliament_n next_o adjoin_v beneath_o the_o say_a place_n which_o the_o say_v richard_n fines_n knight_n lord_n dacres_n then_o have_v and_o occupy_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v joan_n his_o wife_n shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v have_v to_o they_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v the_o manor_n of_o jothington_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o note_v that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o ancient_a barony_n namely_o gillesland_n remain_v unto_o the_o heir_n male_a to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v entail_v moreover_o this_o be_v special_o observe_v if_o any_o baron_n by_o writ_n do_v die_v have_v no_o other_o issue_n than_o female_a and_o that_o by_o some_o special_a entail_n or_o other_o assurance_n there_o be_v a_o heir_n male_a which_o do_v enjoy_v all_o or_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n possession_n and_o inheritance_n of_o such_o baron_n decease_v the_o king_n have_v use_v to_o call_v to_o the_o
to_o prejudice_v he_o touch_v his_o mother_n inheritance_n who_o also_o do_v not_o offend_v or_o contrariwise_o especial_o in_o case_n where_o the_o mother_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o estate_n in_o feesimple_n either_o in_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v of_o philip_n late_a earl_n of_o arundel_n notwithstanding_o the_o attainder_n of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n his_o father_n for_o he_o have_v that_o earldom_n in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n but_o they_o do_v agree_v that_o if_o the_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n be_v give_v to_o a_o man_n and_o to_o his_o wife_n in_o tail_n who_o have_v issue_n the_o father_n be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n and_o execute_v though_o this_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v no_o bar_n to_o the_o wife_n concern_v her_o interest_n by_o survivorship_n yet_o their_o issue_n be_v bar_v by_o the_o statute_n 26_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o and_o his_o blood_n corrupt_v for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o heir_n must_v necessary_o make_v himself_o heir_n as_o well_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o one_o as_o of_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 28._o be_v that_o no_o fine_a feoffment_n or_o other_o act_n or_o act_n hereafter_o to_o be_v make_v or_o suffer_v by_o the_o husband_n only_o of_o any_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n be_v the_o inheritance_n or_o freehold_a of_o his_o wife_n during_o the_o coverture_n between_o they_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a be_v or_o make_v any_o discontinuance_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o say_a wife_n or_o to_o her_o heir_n or_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v right_a title_n or_o interest_n to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o death_n of_o such_o wife_n or_o wife_n but_o the_o same_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n and_o such_o other_o to_o who_o such_o right_n shall_v appertain_v after_o her_o decease_n shall_v or_o may_v then_o lawful_o enter_v into_o all_o such_o manor_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o for_o there_o be_v adversity_n take_v and_o agree_v for_o law_n between_o a_o discontinuance_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o wrong_n and_o a_o lawful_a baron_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v and_o the_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n or_o do_v commit_v high_a treason_n and_o die_v and_o the_o wife_n before_o or_o after_o entry_n die_v the_o issue_n be_v bar_v and_o the_o comisee_fw-mi for_o the_o king_n have_v right_a unto_o the_o land_n because_o the_o issue_n can_v claim_v as_o heir_n unto_o both_o and_o with_o this_o do_v agree_v dyer_n 351._o b._n adjudge_v vide_fw-la 5_o hen._n 7._o 32._o cott_n assize_n coke_n eight_o part_n 27._o where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o do_v extend_v only_o unto_o discontinuance_n although_o the_o act_n have_v general_a word_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o conclusion_n if_o she_o shall_v lawful_o enter_v etc._n etc._n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o which_o they_o can_v do_v when_o they_o be_v bar_v and_o have_v no_o right_n title_n and_o interest_n and_o this_o statute_n do_v give_v advantage_n unto_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n so_o long_o as_o she_o have_v right_a but_o it_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o take_v away_o a_o future_a bar_n although_o the_o statute_n do_v give_v entry_n without_o limitation_n of_o any_o time_n nevertheless_o the_o entry_n must_v attend_v upon_o the_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v seize_v in_o feesimple_n and_o her_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n unto_o another_o and_o die_v now_o the_o wife_n may_v enter_v by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o as_o yet_o that_o fine_a be_v not_o any_o bar_n unto_o she_o but_o her_o right_n do_v remain_v which_o she_o may_v continue_v by_o entry_n but_o if_o she_o do_v surcease_v her_o time_n and_o the_o five_o year_n do_v pass_v without_o entry_n etc._n etc._n now_o by_o force_n of_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n she_o be_v bar_v of_o her_o right_n and_o by_o consequence_n she_o can_v enter_v and_o the_o statute_n do_v speak_v of_o fine_a only_a and_o not_o of_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n if_o there_o be_v father_n and_o son_n and_o the_o father_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la or_o otherwise_o by_o knight_n service_n the_o king_n do_v create_v the_o son_n duke_n earl_n or_o other_o degree_n of_o nobility_n and_o afterward_o the_o father_n die_v his_o son_n be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n he_o shall_v be_v no_o ward_n but_o if_o the_o king_n have_v make_v he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v in_o ward_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n neither_o for_o the_o land_n descend_v nor_o for_o his_o marriage_n though_o he_o be_v within_o age._n nobility_n and_o lord_n in_o reputation_n only_a chap._n fourteen_o there_o be_v also_o other_o lord_n in_o reputation_n and_o appellation_n who_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o the_o jure_fw-la neither_o can_v they_o enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o a_o duke_n during_o his_o father_n life_n be_v only_o in_o courtesy_n of_o speech_n and_o honour_n call_v a_o earl_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o marquis_n or_o a_o earl_n a_o lord_n but_o not_o so_o in_o legal_a proceed_n or_o in_o the_o king_n court_n of_o judicature_n but_o the_o king_n may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n create_v they_o in_o the_o life_n of_o their_o ancestor_n into_o any_o degree_n of_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o according_a to_o the_o german_a custom_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n and_o marquess_n be_v call_v lord_n but_o by_o courtesy_n only_o which_o title_n descend_v not_o to_o their_o heir_n a_o duke_n or_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n do_v come_v into_o this_o land_n by_o the_o king_n be_v safe_a conduct_n in_o which_o say_v letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n he_o be_v name_v a_o duke_n according_a to_o his_o creation_n yet_o that_o appellation_n make_v he_o not_o a_o duke_n etc._n etc._n to_o sue_v or_o be_v sue_v by_o that_o name_n within_o this_o realm_n but_o be_v only_o so_o by_o reputation_n but_o if_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n or_o other_o sovereign_a king_n come_v into_o england_n under_o safe_a conduct_n he_o during_o his_o abode_n here_o aught_o to_o be_v style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o to_o retain_v his_o honour_n although_o not_o his_o regal_a command_n and_o power_n and_o in_o this_o case_n may_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o no_o sovereign_a king_n may_v enter_v into_o this_o realm_n without_o licence_n though_o he_o be_v in_o league_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n and_o earl_n by_o their_o birth_n without_o any_o other_o creation_n and_o if_o a_o englishman_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o some_o other_o title_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o emperor_n or_o other_o monarch_n he_o shall_v not_o bear_v that_o dignity_n in_o england_n but_o be_v only_o a_o earl_n in_o reputation_n a_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o scotland_n or_o ireland_n be_v not_o of_o the_o nobility_n or_o peerage_n of_o england_n in_o all_o court_n of_o justice_n although_o he_o be_v common_o repute_v a_o lord_n and_o have_v privilege_n as_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o queen_n consort_n and_o of_o noble_z women_z chap._n xv._n a_o queen_n so_o call_v from_o the_o sâ—xon_a word_n cuningine_n as_o the_o king_n from_o cuning_n by_o variation_n of_o gender_n only_o as_o be_v their_o manner_n signify_v power_n and_o knowledge_n and_o thereby_o denote_v the_o sovereignty_n due_a unto_o they_o which_o they_o enjoy_v in_o those_o day_n and_o do_v now_o in_o most_o nation_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o royal_a diadem_n by_o the_o common_a right_n of_o inheritance_n for_o want_v of_o heir_n male_n but_o in_o france_n by_o the_o salic_a law_n the_o sex_n be_v exclude_v from_o their_o inheritance_n by_o which_o they_o debar_v the_o english_a title_n to_o their_o crown_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o person_n capable_a of_o the_o title_n and_o dignity_n of_o queen_n among_o we_o and_o each_o of_o they_o different_a in_o power_n and_o privilege_n the_o first_o be_v a_o queen_n sovereign_n to_o who_o the_o crown_n descend_v by_o birthright_n
authority_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o eleven_o of_o king_n edward_n aforesaid_a and_o therefore_o to_o supply_v that_o defect_n in_o the_o five_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o he_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o special_a charter_n elizabeth_n elder_a daughter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o be_v not_o a_o duchess_n of_o cornwall_n although_o she_o be_v the_o firstbegotten_a daughter_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o for_o the_o limitation_n be_v to_o the_o first-begotten_a son_n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v not_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n arthur_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a creation_n for_o although_o he_o be_v sole_a heir_n apparent_a yet_o he_o be_v not_o his_o elder_a begotten_a son_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o stamford_n a_o learned_a judge_n have_v be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v within_o his_o dukedom_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n prerogative_n because_o it_o be_v not_o sever_v from_o the_o crown_n after_o the_o form_n as_o it_o be_v give_v for_o none_o shall_v be_v inheritor_n thereof_o but_o the_o king_n be_v of_o the_o realm_n for_o example_n whereas_o by_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n hold_v divers_a manor_n or_o other_o land_n or_o tenement_n of_o divers_a lord_n all_o by_o knight_n service_n some_o part_n by_o priority_n and_o ancient_a feoffment_n and_o other_o land_n by_o posterity_n and_o a_o late_a feoffment_n and_o the_o tenant_n so_o seize_v die_v and_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n in_o this_o case_n the_o custody_n and_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o his_o marriage_n may_v not_o be_v divide_v among_o all_o the_o lord_n but_o one_o of_o they_o only_o shall_v have_v right_a unto_o it_o because_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v entire_a and_o therefore_o the_o law_n do_v say_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o some_o part_n of_o those_o land_n be_v hold_v by_o priority_n and_o by_o the_o same_o tenure_n of_o chivalry_n shall_v have_v it_o except_o the_o king_n be_v any_o of_o the_o lord_n for_o than_o though_o the_o tenant_n do_v purchase_v that_o land_n last_o yet_o after_o his_o death_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o any_o of_o the_o other_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o tenant_n do_v hold_v the_o priority_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n in_o the_o same_o case_n have_v the_o prerogative_n if_o his_o tenant_n die_v hold_v of_o he_o but_o by_o posterity_n of_o feoffment_n for_o any_o tenure_n of_o his_o duchy_n of_o cornwall_n although_o the_o same_o duke_n be_v not_o seize_v of_o any_o particular_a estate_n whereof_o the_o reversion_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n for_o the_o prince_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o his_o dukedom_n as_o beforesaid_a john_n of_o gaunt_n the_o four_o son_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o take_v to_o wife_n blanch_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n who_o have_v issue_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n so_o that_o the_o say_a duchy_n of_o lancaster_n do_v come_v unto_o the_o say_v henry_n by_o descent_n from_o the_o party_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o be_v a_o subject_a he_o be_v to_o observe_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o all_o thing_n concern_v his_o duchy_n for_o if_o he_o will_v depart_v in_o fee_n with_o any_o thereof_o he_o must_v have_v make_v livery_n and_o seisin_n or_o if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n reserve_v rend_v with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o the_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v behind_o the_o duke_n may_v not_o enter_v without_o make_v his_o demand_n or_o if_o he_o have_v alienate_v any_o part_n thereof_o whilst_o he_o be_v within_o age_n he_o may_v defeat_v the_o purchaser_n for_o that_o cause_n and_o if_o he_o will_v grant_v a_o reversion_n of_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n or_o year_n in_o be_v there_o must_v also_o be_v attornment_n or_o else_o the_o grant_n do_v not_o take_v effect_n but_o after_o that_o he_o have_v depose_v king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o do_v assume_v the_o royal_a estate_n and_o so_o have_v conjoin_v his_o natural_a body_n in_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o so_o be_v become_v king_n then_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n be_v in_o he_o as_o king_n but_o not_o as_o duke_n which_o degree_n of_o dignity_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o that_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o lesser_a must_v always_o give_v place_n to_o the_o great_a and_o likewise_o the_o name_n of_o the_o duchy_n and_o the_o franchise_n liberty_n and_o jurisdiction_n thereof_o when_o in_o the_o king_n hand_n be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n extinct_a and_o after_o that_o time_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n can_v not_o pass_v from_o henry_n the_o four_o by_o livery_n of_o seisin_n but_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n without_o livery_n of_o seisin_n and_o with_o attornment_n and_o if_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n be_v duke_n reserve_v a_o rent_n with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o after_o his_o assumption_n of_o the_o crown_n his_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v unpaid_a he_o may_v re-enter_a without_o demand_n for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o such_o personal_a ceremony_n as_o his_o subject_n be_v therefore_o to_o have_v the_o say_a duchy_n to_o be_v still_o a_o duchy_n with_o the_o liberty_n to_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v beâ—ore_o and_o to_o alter_v the_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n from_o the_o crown_n the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o make_v a_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v entitle_v charta_fw-la regis_fw-la hen._n 4._o de_fw-la separatione_fw-la lancastriae_fw-la à _fw-la corona_fw-la authoritate_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la as_o by_o the_o tenor_n thereof_o may_v appear_v and_o so_o by_o authority_n of_o that_o parliament_n the_o say_a duchy_n with_o all_o the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n be_v mere_o resign_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o from_o the_o minister_n and_o officer_n thereof_o and_o from_o the_o order_n to_o pass_v by_o such_o conveyance_n which_o the_o law_n do_v require_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o now_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n stand_v divide_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v demean_v and_o order_v and_o pass_v as_o they_o do_v before_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v king_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n in_o the_o charter_n which_o do_v make_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o duchy_n in_o any_o other_o degree_n than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o thing_n concern_v his_o pleasure_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n as_o they_o be_v before_o such_o separation_n insomuch_o as_o if_o the_o law_n before_o the_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n adjudge_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n always_o of_o full_a age_n have_v regard_n unto_o his_o gift_n as_o well_o of_o the_o land_n which_o he_o do_v inherit_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n or_o body_n politic_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o adjudge_v for_o the_o duchy_n land_n after_o the_o say_a statute_n for_o the_o statute_n do_v go_v and_o reach_v unto_o the_o estate_n order_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n but_o do_v not_o extend_v unto_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o land_n in_o point_n touch_v his_o person_n neither_o do_v that_o distinguish_v or_o alter_v the_o preeminence_n which_o the_o law_n do_v give_v to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n for_o if_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o after_o the_o say_a act_n have_v make_v a_o lease_n or_o other_o grant_n of_o parcel_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n only_o it_o have_v be_v void_a for_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thus_o stand_v the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n sever_v from_o the_o crown_n all_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o five_o and_o henry_n the_o six_o be_v politic_o make_v for_o the_o uphold_v of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n their_o true_a and_o ancient_a inheritance_n however_o the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n may_v in_o future_a time_n obtain_v his_o right_n thereunto_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o time_n but_o after_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n obtain_v his_o right_n unto_o the_o crown_n in_o parliament_n he_o attaint_v henry_n the_o six_o and_o appropriate_v and_o annex_v the_o say_a duchy_n again_o to_o the_o crown_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n thereof_o make_v in_o the_o first_o of_o the_o king_n reign_n
it_o do_v appear_v by_o which_o statute_n three_o thing_n be_v ordain_v first_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o lancaster_n be_v again_o establish_v second_o he_o do_v invest_v it_o in_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o the_o king_n be_v of_o this_o realm_n and_o three_o he_o do_v divide_v it_o from_o the_o order_n of_o the_o crown_n land_n and_o in_o this_o form_n it_o continue_v until_o henry_n the_o seven_o who_o forthwith_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n do_v separate_v it_o only_o in_o order_n and_o government_n from_o the_o crown_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v at_o this_o day_n ceremony_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o duke_n at_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o duke_n he_o must_v have_v on_o he_o his_o surcoat_n and_o hood_n and_o shall_v be_v lead_v between_o two_o duke_n if_o there_o be_v any_o present_a if_o not_o a_o marquis_n or_o two_o and_o for_o want_v of_o either_o a_o earl_n somewhat_o before_o he_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n shall_v go_v on_o earl_n which_o shall_v bear_v a_o cap_n of_o estate_n with_o the_o coronet_n in_o it_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n shall_v also_o go_v a_o earl_n which_o shall_v bear_v the_o golden_a rod_n and_o before_o the_o duke_n that_o be_v to_o be_v create_v shall_v go_v a_o marquis_n or_o one_o of_o the_o great_a estate_n to_o bear_v the_o sword_n and_o before_o he_o a_o earl_n to_o bear_v the_o mantle_n or_o robe_n of_o estate_n lie_v on_o his_o arms._n and_o all_o these_o noble_n that_o do_v service_n must_v be_v in_o their_o robe_n of_o estate_n his_o title_n be_v proclaim_v twice_o and_o the_o largess_n thrice_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a charles_n paulet_n marquis_n of_o winchester_z earl_n of_o wiltsh_n and_o baron_n st._n john_n of_o basin_n &ct._o &ct._o r._n white_a sculp_v the_o most_o honorable_n charles_n paulet_n marâ—quess_n of_o minchester_n earl_n of_o miltshire_n baron_n st_n john_n of_o basin_n &_o â—_o the_o most_o honorable_n henry_n somersetâ—_n marquis_n &_o earl_n of_o worcester_n ld._n herâ—ert_n baron_n of_o chipstom_n raglan_n &_o gomer_n ld._n president_n â—_o ldâ—_n lieutenant_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n l_o d_o lieutenant_n of_o 〈◊〉_d county_n of_o gloucester_n hereford_n &_o monmouth_n &_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d &_o county_n of_o bristol_n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o gâ—â—teâ—_n &_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a councâ—llâ—_n the_o most_o hono_fw-la rble_o henry_n rerrepont_n marquess_n of_o dorchester_n earl_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hullâ—_n viscount_n nemarke_n ld._n rerrepont_n maunvers_n &_o herris_n &_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorbleâ—_n privy_a council_n &_o câ—_n of_o marquess_n chap._n v._n a_o marquis_n which_o by_o the_o saxon_n be_v call_v marken-reve_a and_o signify_v a_o governor_n or_o ruler_n of_o the_o march_n have_v the_o next_o place_n of_o honour_n to_o a_o duke_n this_o title_n come_v to_o we_o but_o of_o late_a day_n for_o the_o first_o be_v robert_n vere_n who_o be_v create_v marquis_n of_o dublin_n by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o from_o that_o time_n it_o become_v to_o be_v a_o title_n of_o honour_n for_o in_o former_a time_n those_o that_o govern_v the_o march_n be_v common_o call_v lord_n marcher_n and_o not_o marquess_n after_o the_o norman_n have_v conquer_v this_o land_n it_o be_v by_o they_o careful_o observe_v as_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n to_o place_n upon_o the_o confine_n and_o border_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o those_o not_o then_o subdue_v man_n of_o much_o valour_n such_o that_o be_v not_o only_o sufficient_a to_o encounter_v the_o inroad_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o also_o ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o make_v onset_n upon_o they_o for_o the_o enlarge_n their_o conquest_n these_o man_n thus_o place_v be_v of_o high_a blood_n and_o reputation_n among_o their_o countryman_n the_o norman_n and_o in_o who_o faith_n the_o conqueror_n repose_v special_a trust_n and_o confidence_n and_o therefore_o in_o their_o territory_n give_v unto_o they_o to_o hold_v their_o tenor_n be_v devise_v to_o be_v very_o special_a and_o of_o great_a importance_n and_o honour_n enrich_v with_o name_n and_o privilege_n of_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o so_o the_o north-border_n of_o wales_n create_v to_o a_o county_n palatine_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o south_n march_n be_v adorn_v in_o a_o manner_n with_o a_o palatine_a jurisdiction_n have_v a_o court_n of_o chancery_n and_o writ_n only_o among_o themselves_o pleadable_a to_o the_o intent_n that_o their_o attendance_n may_v not_o thence_o be_v draw_v for_o the_o prosecute_n of_o controversy_n or_o quarrel_n in_o the_o law_n and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o south_n march_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v sufficient_o fence_v with_o the_o river_n severn_n and_o the_o sea_n a_o marquis_n be_v create_v per_fw-la gladii_fw-la cincturam_fw-la &_o circuli_fw-la aurei_fw-la svo_fw-la capiti_fw-la positionem_fw-la he_o be_v honour_v with_o a_o coronet_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v part_n flower_v and_o part_v piramidall_a with_o the_o point_n and_o flower_n or_o leave_v of_o a_o equal_a height_n his_o mantle_n be_v double_v ermine_n which_o be_v of_o three_o doubling_n and_o a_o half_a whereas_o the_o mantle_n of_o a_o earl_n be_v but_o of_o three_o and_o the_o doubling_n of_o a_o viscount_n mantle_n be_v but_o two_o and_o a_o half_a which_o be_v only_o plain_a white_a fur_n without_o ermine_n as_o be_v the_o baron_n which_o be_v but_o of_o two_o doubling_n the_o form_n of_o their_o patent_n which_o at_o their_o creation_n be_v deliver_v into_o their_o hand_n be_v various_a but_o of_o late_a â—tis_o regulate_v to_o the_o method_n of_o those_o of_o other_o degree_n and_o the_o ceremony_n the_o same_o this_o honour_n be_v hereditary_a and_o the_o elder_a son_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o land_n be_v call_v earl_n or_o lord_n of_o a_o place_n and_o the_o young_a son_n only_a lord_n john_n lord_n thomas_n or_o the_o like_a he_o have_v the_o title_n of_o most_o noble_a most_o honourable_a and_o potent_a prince_n and_o may_v have_v his_o cloth_n of_o estate_n reach_v within_o a_o yard_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o king_n or_o a_o duke_n not_o be_v present_a and_o his_o marchioness_n may_v have_v her_o train_n bear_v up_o by_o a_o knight_n lady_n in_o her_o own_o house_n but_o not_o in_o a_o duchess_n presence_n a_o marquess_n elder_a son_n be_v bear_v a_o earl_n and_o shall_v go_v as_o a_o earl_n and_o have_v his_o essay_n in_o a_o earl_n presence_n and_o wear_v as_o many_o powdring_n as_o a_o earl_n but_o shall_v give_v place_n to_o a_o earl_n and_o his_o wife_n shall_v go_v beneath_o a_o countess_n and_o abouâ—_o all_o marquess_n daughter_n who_o be_v bear_v lady_n and_o the_o elder_a a_o countess_n but_o shall_v go_v beneath_o a_o countess_n at_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o marquis_n he_o must_v have_v on_o he_o his_o surcoat_n and_o hood_n and_o be_v lead_v by_o a_o duke_n or_o marquis_n the_o sword_n and_o cap_n to_o be_v bear_v by_o earl_n he_o must_v go_v after_o his_o creation_n not_o after_o his_o marquisite_a and_o the_o marchioness_n his_o wife_n according_a to_o the_o same_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o right_a honorable_n charles_n beauclaire_n baron_n of_o heddington_n &_o earl_n of_o burford_n and_o of_o ye._n rt._n honorable_n james_n ld._n beauclaire_n brother_n and_o heir_n to_o ye._n right_a honorable_n charles_n earl_n of_o burford_n the_o rt._n honorable_n aubrey_n vere_n earl_n of_o oxfordâ—_n baron_fw-fr bulbeck_n sandford_n &_o badlefinere_v kt._n of_o the_o garter_n l_o leiutenant_n wth_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o â—â—â—â—marle_n of_o essex_n &_o one_o of_o he_o maâ—ysâ—_n most_o hon_z privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honourable_a charles_n talbot_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n baron_fw-fr talbot_n strange_a of_o blackmere_n gifford_n of_o brimshelâ—_n purnivullâ—_n verdon_n &_o lovetoâ—_n the_o right_a honourable_a anthony_n grey_n earl_n of_o kent_n baron_n grey_n of_o ruthin_n hasting_n and_o valance_n 〈◊〉_d right_a honorable_n william_n stanley_n earleâ—_n of_o derâ—â—_n lord_n stanley_n &c_n &c_n strange_a of_o knock_v viscount_n kintâ—â—_n baron_n of_o weâ—â—on_n l_o â—_o mobâ—n_v burnet_n basset_n &_o lacy._n l_o â—_o lieutenant_n of_o lancâ—shire_n &_o â—_o cheshire_n and_o admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n theirâ—_n belong_v chamberlain_z of_o châ—ster_n &_o â—_o l_o â—_o of_o man_n as_o of_o the_o isle_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honorable_n john_n manor_n earl_n of_o rutland_n baron_n ross_n of_o hamlack_o trushut_n and_o belvior_fw-la and_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o leicestershire_n the_o right_a honorable_n theophilus_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n l_o d_o hastings_z of_o hastings_z hungerford_n homet_n botreaux_n moule_n moulins_n &_o peâ—erell_n
all_o true_a wisdom_n and_o therefore_o our_o wise_a and_o religious_a ancestor_n call_v to_o their_o general_n council_n or_o wittengemote_a or_o court_n of_o wiseman_n as_o they_o call_v it_o those_o chief_a and_o principal_a person_n of_o the_o clergy_n which_o by_o their_o place_n and_o profession_n by_o their_o gravity_n learn_v and_o wisdom_n may_v best_o advise_v they_o what_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n acceptable_a will_n and_o pleasure_n that_o they_o may_v frame_v law_n answerable_a or_o at_o least_o wise_a not_o contrary_a and_o repugnant_a thereunto_o and_o touch_v the_o temporal_a baron_n by_o tenure_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o they_o in_o the_o book_n of_o law_n record_n and_o ancient_a monument_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o these_o barony_n be_v ancient_o uncertain_a and_o rentable_a at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n but_o such_o incertainty_n be_v bring_v to_o certainty_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la chap._n 2._o bracton_n do_v make_v express_a mention_n of_o baron_n temporal_a by_o tenure_n it_o shall_v be_v needful_a here_o again_o to_o remember_v the_o former_a assertion_n of_o bracton_n that_o the_o head_n of_o a_o barony_n descend_v to_o daughter_n shall_v not_o be_v divide_v by_o partition_n which_o argue_v likewise_o the_o tenure_n of_o barony_n but_o let_v we_o descend_v to_o other_o authority_n viz._n the_o book-case_n in_o the_o 48_o edw._n 3._o fol._n 30._o sir_n ralph_n everdon'_v case_n by_o which_o case_n of_o law_n it_o be_v most_o evident_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v baron_n by_o tenure_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o such_o their_o tenure_n aught_o to_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n and_o furthermore_o that_o there_o be_v or_o be_v baron_n by_o tenure_n read_v the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2._o cap._n 41._o where_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o earl-marshal_n and_o the_o lord_n chamberlain_n be_v express_v which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v by_o they_o upon_o the_o homage_n do_v of_o every_o baron_n by_o tenure_n whether_o the_o baron_n hold_v by_o a_o whole_a barony_n or_o by_o a_o less_o but_o here_o arise_v a_o question_n if_o a_o baron_n by_o tenure_n alien_a and_o grant_v away_o the_o honour_n castle_n and_o manor_n hold_v by_o barony_n whether_o shall_v such_o alien_a or_o grauntee_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o state_n title_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n or_o not_o or_o what_o shall_v become_v of_o such_o dignity_n of_o baronage_n after_o such_o alienation_n and_o grant_v make_v they_o which_o do_v deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o barony_n by_o tenure_n do_v use_v these_o as_o their_o principal_a motive_n or_o reason_n first_o if_o there_o be_v any_o barony_n by_o tenure_n than_o the_o alience_n or_o grantee_n of_o such_o honour_n castle_n and_o manor_n so_o hold_v must_v hold_v by_o the_o same_o tenure_n that_o his_o grantor_n or_o feoffer_n before_o hold_v but_o that_o be_v by_o barony_n therefore_o such_o grantee_n must_v hold_v by_o barony_n and_o if_o such_o grant_v or_o alienation_n be_v make_v to_o person_n vulgar_a or_o ignoble_a then_o shall_v such_o tenure_n be_v make_v noble_a which_o be_v very_o absurd_a and_o full_a of_o inconveniency_n for_o ornanda_fw-la potius_fw-la est_fw-la dignitate_fw-la domus_fw-la quam_fw-la ex_fw-la domo_fw-la dignitas_fw-la vicunque_fw-la quibus_fw-la quaerenda_fw-la est_fw-la ab_fw-la iis_fw-la honestanda_fw-la milles_n peroration_n 3._o second_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a and_o manife_n stthat_o many_o ancient_a manor_n which_o in_o old_a time_n be_v hold_v by_o baronage_n and_o be_v the_o head_n of_o barony_n be_v now_o in_o the_o tenor_n of_o mean_a gentleman_n and_o other_o who_o neither_o may_v nor_o do_v challenge_n unto_o themselves_o in_o any_o respect_n hereof_o any_o nobility_n without_o the_o great_a favour_n of_o the_o king_n be_v most_o excellent_a majesty_n who_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o honour_n within_o his_o dominion_n three_o some_o ancient_a baron_n there_o be_v that_o have_v alien_v and_o sell_v many_o of_o those_o castle_n and_o manor_n which_o do_v bear_v the_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o baronage_n and_o yet_o themselves_o do_v still_o retain_v and_o lawful_o keep_v their_o estate_n dignity_n and_o degree_n of_o baron_n and_o have_v be_v and_o usual_o be_v such_o alienation_n notwithstanding_o summon_v nevertheless_o to_o the_o parliament_n and_o there_o do_v take_v and_o hold_v their_o ancient_a place_n according_o to_o these_o objection_n it_o shall_v be_v convenient_a for_o the_o more_o easy_a unfolding_n the_o sâ—ate_n of_o this_o question_n to_o exhibit_v certain_a necessary_a distinction_n and_o upon_o they_o to_o draw_v true_a and_o infallible_a conclusion_n and_o then_o to_o prove_v they_o by_o authority_n of_o law_n consent_n of_o time_n and_o manifold_a precedent_n which_o do_v the_o answer_n will_v be_v present_o make_v as_o i_o conceive_v to_o every_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a objection_n first_o therefore_o if_o a_o baron_n by_o tenure_n which_o hold_v any_o castle_n honour_n or_o manor_n by_o baronage_n do_v alien_a oâ—_n give_v the_o same_o away_o he_o do_v it_o either_o with_o or_o without_o a_o licence_n obtain_v from_o his_o majesty_n for_o the_o same_o if_o he_o do_v it_o without_o a_o licence_n than_o the_o conclusion_n be_v certain_a but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n the_o barony_n honour_n castle_n or_o manor_n so_o alien_v without_o licence_n or_o consent_n be_v forfeit_v and_o the_o same_o honour_n castle_n and_o manor_n â—o_o â—olden_a by_o barony_n and_o so_o alien_v be_v to_o â—e_v seize_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o the_o â—aid_a forfeiture_n and_o such_o dignity_n and_o estate_n no_o long_o to_o be_v bear_v and_o continue_v but_o to_o be_v resume_v and_o extinguish_v in_o the_o crown_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v derive_v the_o reason_n therefore_o be_v notable_a if_o we_o call_v to_o remembrance_n that_o which_o be_v former_o allege_v out_o of_o bracton_n that_o barony_n be_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o suffer_v no_o division_n they_o suffer_v also_o no_o alienation_n without_o the_o consent_n or_o licence_n of_o the_o sovereign_a monarch_n for_o so_o shall_v the_o realm_n be_v enfeeble_v and_o base_a person_n ennoble_v without_o desert_n of_o virtue_n or_o prowess_n for_o where_o the_o thing_n so_o alien_v be_v a_o honour_n or_o head_n of_o a_o barony_n it_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o ordinary_a tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la whereof_o if_o the_o tenant_n make_v alienation_n without_o licence_n he_o be_v only_o to_o pay_v a_o fine_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 12._o whereof_o also_o before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n there_o be_v diversity_n of_o opinion_n at_o the_o common_a law_n after_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 31._o and_o for_o further_a proof_n see_v glanvile_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o certain_a land_n be_v parcel_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o bremberway_n be_v alien_v by_o william_n the_o browse_n the_o baron_n thereof_o without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o in_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o case_n concern_v the_o same_o judge_n green_n deliver_v this_o for_o law_n first_o that_o parcel_n of_o a_o barony_n or_o earldom_n of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_n can_v be_v alien_v or_o dismember_v without_o his_o licence_n and_o if_o it_o be_v it_o shall_v be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o forfeit_v and_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v seize_v thereof_o in_o his_o own_o right_a again_o in_o 43_o edw._n 3._o it_o be_v find_v by_o a_o office_n that_o william_n bishop_n of_o chester_n have_v lease_v unto_o one_o john_n preston_n for_o his_o life_n a_o manor_n which_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o the_o say_a bishopric_n without_o licence_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o other_o of_o the_o king_n council_n that_o the_o same_o be_v forfeit_v but_o by_o mediation_n of_o the_o say_a council_n the_o bishop_n submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n and_o make_v a_o fine_a and_o several_a scire_fw-la facias_n issue_v out_o against_o they_o that_o have_v receive_v the_o many_o profit_n to_o answer_v unto_o the_o king_n thereof_o and_o thus_o much_o concern_v alienation_n of_o barony_n without_o licence_n but_o on_o the_o other_o part_n if_o a_o baron_n by_o tenure_n who_o hold_v any_o honour_n castle_n or_o manor_n by_o barony_n do_v grant_n or_o alien_n the_o same_o by_o licence_n i_o must_v again_o distinguish_v for_o either_o such_o alienation_n be_v make_v for_o the_o continuance_n of_o his_o barony_n honour_n land_n and_o tenement_n in_o his_o own_o name_n blood_n and_o issue_n male_a or_o else_o the_o same_o alienation_n be_v make_v for_o money_n or_o other_o recompense_n or_o otherwise_o to_o a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o hereof_o ensue_v this_o second_o conclusion_n or_o assertion_n that_o if_o such_o alienation_n be_v make_v for_o the_o continuance_n of_o his_o barony_n in_o his_o name_n and_o blood_n or_o issue_n male_a
parliament_n by_o writ_n as_o baron_n such_o heir_n male_a omit_v the_o husband_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o heir_n female_a and_o this_o also_o appear_v by_o a_o notable_a controversy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o between_o sir_n robert_n willoughby_n lord_n brook_n and_o richard_n lord_n lattimer_n for_o the_o barony_n of_o lattimer_n which_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o say_a lord_n brook_n do_v challenge_v the_o barony_n of_o lattimer_n as_o coâ—in_v and_o heir_n of_o elizabeth_n his_o great-grandmother_n who_o be_v sister_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o hereupon_o exhibit_v a_o petition_n to_o henry_n the_o seven_o in_o parliament_n whereunto_o richard_n lord_n lattimer_n be_v call_v to_o answer_v because_o he_o then_o enjoy_v the_o say_a title_n and_o dignity_n the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n do_v by_o his_o answer_n show_v that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n without_o issue_n the_o say_a elizabeth_n be_v his_o sister_n and_o next_o heir_n and_o marry_v unto_o thomas_n willoughby_n knight_n second_o son_n of_o the_o lord_n willoughby_n but_o henry_n the_o six_o for_o that_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n be_v dead_a without_o issue_n and_o that_o the_o next_o heir_n be_v female_a do_v therefore_o call_v to_o the_o parliament_n george_n nevil_n knight_n second_o son_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o westmoreland_n to_o be_v lord_n lattimer_n as_o cousin_n and_o next_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n which_o george_n be_v grandfather_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n father_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n in_o debate_n of_o which_o cause_n the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n namely_o whether_o a_o barony_n by_o writ_n may_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a be_v advise_o consider_v of_o by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n in_o parliament_n and_o in_o the_o end_n adjudge_v with_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n which_o precedent_n do_v afford_v we_o two_o judgement_n in_o this_o point_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o when_o the_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o say_a sir_n george_n nevil_n knight_n whereby_o he_o be_v summon_v as_o lord_n lattimer_n to_o the_o parliament_n and_o as_o heir_n male_a and_o not_o the_o say_v thomas_n willoughby_n knight_n husband_n of_o the_o say_v elizabeth_n heir_n female_a and_o the_o second_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o whereby_o the_o say_a barony_n be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n come_v out_o of_o the_o special_a heir_n male_a against_o the_o lord_n brook_n descend_v of_o the_o general_a heir_n male._n but_o here_o in_o this_o precedent_n before_o remember_v of_o the_o barony_n of_o dacres_n may_v be_v object_v to_o encounter_v this_o conclusion_n for_o there_o be_v a_o heir_n female_a marry_v unto_o sir_n richard_n fines_n who_o by_o the_o declaration_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o be_v baron_n of_o dacres_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n and_o there_o be_v also_o ralph_n and_o humphrey_n the_o heir_n male_n before_o who_o the_o heir_n female_a be_v prefer_v by_o the_o censure_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o and_o edward_z the_o four_o this_o objection_n be_v easy_o answer_v for_o although_o henry_n the_o six_o through_o the_o princely_a favour_n which_o he_o bear_v unto_o sir_n richard_n fines_n have_v declare_v he_o to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n yet_o notwithstanding_o do_v ralph_n dacres_n be_v heir_n male_a then_o unto_o the_o lord_n dacres_n and_o by_o that_o name_n be_v attaint_v in_o parliament_n anno_fw-la primo_fw-la hen._n 4._o wherefore_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o heir_n male_a can_v not_o be_v regard_v be_v the_o say_a attainder_n of_o the_o say_v raâ—ph_n and_o humphrey_n his_o brother_n and_o therefore_o when_o humphrey_n in_o the_o 12_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o labour_v to_o have_v the_o say_a attainder_n reverse_v he_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o the_o king_n who_o to_o satisfy_v both_o competitor_n both_o have_v deserve_v of_o he_o after_o he_o have_v admit_v they_o to_o his_o favour_n he_o allow_v one_o to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n and_o the_o other_o to_o be_v the_o lord_n dacres_n of_o gillesland_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o second_o point_n whether_o a_o barony_n by_o writ_n may_v descend_v unto_o the_o heir_n female_a the_o three_o point_n as_o concern_v the_o three_o point_n admit_v such_o descent_n to_o be_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a when_o there_o be_v no_o heir_n male_a that_o may_v claim_v the_o same_o for_o than_o do_v this_o question_n take_v place_n whether_o the_o husband_n of_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a shall_v enjoy_v the_o dignity_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n or_o no_o wherein_o we_o be_v to_o rest_v upon_o a_o resolution_n have_v and_o give_v to_o this_o special_a question_n which_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o when_o mr._n winby_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o style_n of_o lord_n talbois_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n have_v no_o issue_n by_o she_o the_o say_a king_n assisted_z both_o by_o civil_a and_o temporal_a lawyer_n give_v sentence_n that_o no_o husband_n of_o a_o baroness_n in_o her_o right_n shall_v use_v that_o style_n and_o dignity_n until_o he_o have_v by_o she_o a_o child_n whereby_o she_o shall_v become_v tenant_n by_o courtesy_n unto_o her_o inheritance_n the_o special_a reason_n that_o occasion_v this_o sentence_n be_v two_o first_o it_o shall_v be_v convenient_a for_o her_o husband_n this_o day_n to_o be_v a_o baron_n and_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o morrow_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n to_o become_v none_o and_o without_o the_o default_n of_o the_o party_n second_o if_o he_o have_v issue_n by_o wife_n and_o be_v entitle_v to_o be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n of_o his_o wife_n land_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o also_o bear_v the_o style_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o wife_n barony_n then_o shall_v the_o son_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o mother_n die_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n be_v a_o baron_n and_o lord_n without_o land_n for_o so_o the_o father_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n as_o tenant_n by_o courtesy_n and_o the_o son_n the_o lordship_n without_o land_n and_o thus_o much_o say_v concern_v the_o nature_n quality_n and_o estate_n of_o a_o baron_n by_o writ_n and_o for_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o several_a point_n and_o article_n of_o the_o question_n propose_v may_v suffice_v chap._n xii_o baron_n by_o patent_n which_o be_v the_o three_o kind_n of_o baron_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a division_n of_o baron_n there_o be_v also_o a_o four_o mean_n of_o creation_n viz._n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o the_o first_o two_o mention_v and_o this_o other_o by_o patent_n be_v most_o usual_a for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n for_o thereby_o the_o donation_n do_v proceed_v from_o his_o majesty_n only_o as_o from_o the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n but_o when_o the_o creation_n be_v by_o parliament_n the_o king_n ever_o be_v one_o and_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v donor_n a_o baron_n therefore_o by_o creation_n by_o reason_n of_o letter_n patent_n be_v that_o noble_a person_n who_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v create_v baron_n by_o such_o their_o letter_n patent_n begin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o this_o kind_n of_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n shall_v be_v of_o such_o continuance_n in_o descent_n or_o otherwise_o as_o shall_v be_v limit_v in_o the_o habendum_fw-la in_o such_o letter_n patent_n contain_v for_o it_o may_v be_v but_o for_o the_o life_n of_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v give_v or_o for_o term_v vaunter_n vie_v as_o some_o hold_n opinion_n in_o the_o 32_o of_o hen._n 6._o for_o cujus_fw-la est_fw-la dare_v est_fw-la disponere_fw-la it_o may_v be_v in_o special_a in_o our_o general_a tail_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o tail_n be_v usual_a before_o the_o statute_n make_v decimo_fw-la tertio_fw-la of_o edw._n 1._o by_o which_o estate_n tail_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v create_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o patent_n whereby_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgo_n be_v make_v earl_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o by_o these_o word_n habendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la margaretae_n uxoris_fw-la svi_fw-la sorors_n alexandri_n regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la procreatis_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la defectu_fw-la talis_fw-la exitus_fw-la remanere_fw-la in_o directis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la dicti_fw-la huberti_fw-la and_o that_o estate_n intayl_n be_v at_o this_o day_n of_o title_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o second_o question_n if_o a_o
to_o the_o party_n for_o so_o it_o be_v term_v in_o brook_n title_n addition_n 44._o but_o a_o honour_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o compel_v man_n of_o worth_a to_o take_v upon_o they_o that_o degree_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o fine_a but_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n in_o these_o day_n that_o none_o be_v compel_v thereunto_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n wherefore_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v knight_v have_v the_o writ_n it_o shall_v abate_v because_o he_o have_v change_v his_o name_n and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o act._n and_o for_o that_o cause_n also_o by_o the_o common_a law_n not_o only_o the_o king_n but_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n ought_v to_o have_v of_o every_o of_o his_o tenant_n a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o all_o land_n be_v subject_a to_o these_o aid_n except_o only_o ancient_a demesne_n and_o grand_a and_o petty_a serjeanty-tenure_n as_o the_o law_n have_v â—een_n ancient_o deliver_v and_o in_o io._n shelden_n 131._o where_o also_o it_o be_v say_v one_o that_o write_v a_o little_a after_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o allow_v as_o a_o good_a bar_n to_o the_o avowry_n for_o the_o tenant_n to_o plead_v that_o the_o father_n himself_o be_v no_o knight_n so_o that_o one_o not_o knight_v can_v claim_v this_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n briâ—an_n cap._n the_o price_n the_o aver_v and_o it_o be_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v more_o or_o less_o of_o his_o tenant_n by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o chap._n 35._o it_o be_v put_v in_o contrary_a viz._n forasmuch_o as_o before_o this_o time_n reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v one_o son_n knight_n or_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v never_o put_v in_o certain_a nor_o how_o much_o shall_v be_v take_v nor_o at_o what_o time_n whereby_o some_o levy_v unreasonable_a aid_n and_o more_o often_o than_o seem_v necessary_a whereby_o the_o people_n be_v sore_o grieve_v it_o be_v provide_v that_o from_o henceforth_o of_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n there_o be_v take_v but_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o twenty_o pound_n in_o land_n hold_v in_o soccage_n twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o more_o more_o and_o of_o less_o less_o after_o that_o rate_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v levy_v such_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n until_o his_o son_n be_v of_o fifteen_o year_n old_a nor_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n until_o she_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o of_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v mention_n make_v in_o the_o king_n writ_n form_v on_o the_o same_o when_o any_o will_v demand_v it_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o father_n after_o he_o have_v levy_v such_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n die_v before_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n the_o executor_n of_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o the_o daughter_n for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o father_n receive_v for_o the_o aid_n and_o if_o the_o father_n good_n be_v not_o sufficient_a his_o heir_n shall_v be_v charge_v therewith_o unto_o the_o daughter_n and_o this_o aid_n be_v so_o incident_a that_o although_o the_o lord_n do_v confirm_v unto_o the_o tenant_n to_o hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o certain_a rent_n and_o release_v unto_o he_o all_o other_o service_n and_o demand_n yet_o shall_v he_o have_v the_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n but_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o statute_n aforemention_v because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o statute_n therefore_o by_o the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 11._o the_o king_n aid_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o like_a value_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n be_v that_o a_o heir_n until_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v knight_n service_n but_o such_o a_o presumption_n of_o law_n do_v give_v place_n to_o a_o judgement_n of_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o bracton_n say_v sâ—abitur_fw-la presumptioni_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la and_o therefore_o when_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o sovereign_a judge_n of_o all_o chivalry_n have_v dub_v he_o a_o knight_n he_o by_o this_o have_v adjudge_v he_o able_a to_o do_v he_o knight_n service_n and_o all_o man_n be_v conclude_v to_o say_v the_o contrary_a to_o it_o and_o therefore_o such_o a_o heir_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n either_o in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n or_o afterward_o during_o his_o minority_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o marriage_n by_o the_o award_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n by_o reason_n also_o that_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v under_o by_o any_o yet_o if_o the_o king_n do_v create_v such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n a_o duke_n marquess_z earl_n viscount_n or_o â—aron_n by_o this_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v propound_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la chap._n 3._o ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la dum_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la fuerit_fw-la fiat_fw-la mile_n nihilominus_fw-la terra_fw-la remaneat_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la dominorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la so_o that_o although_o such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n and_o thereby_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v esteem_v as_o of_o full_a age_n yet_o the_o land_n shall_v remain_v in_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n till_o his_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n by_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o say_v act._n question_n if_o the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v knight_n in_o paris_n by_o the_o french_a king_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o wardship_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n or_o no_o for_o thereby_o he_o be_v a_o knight_n in_o england_n coke_n seven_o part_n b._n 2_o edw._n 4._o fol._n tamen_fw-la vide_fw-la in_o coke_n six_o part_n 74._o b._n mention_n be_v only_o make_v of_o knight_n make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o by_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o ireland_n but_o when_o the_o king_n do_v make_v a_o heir_n apparent_a within_o age_n of_o a_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n a_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o say_a heir_n be_v within_o age_n shall_v in_o this_o case_n be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o shall_v pay_v no_o value_n for_o his_o marriage_n neither_o shall_v the_o lord_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n for_o in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n he_o be_v make_v of_o full_a age_n so_o that_o when_o his_o ancestor_n die_v no_o interest_n either_o in_o the_o body_n or_o in_o the_o land_n shall_v invest_v in_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o knight_n may_v tender_v his_o livery_n as_o if_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n and_o in_o that_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v premier_n seisin_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v not_o extend_v unto_o it_o for_o the_o purview_n of_o it_o do_v extend_v only_o when_o the_o heir_n in_o ward_n infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la be_v make_v knight_n then_o remanet_fw-la terra_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v make_v knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n than_o the_o custody_n can_v remain_v which_o never_o have_v any_o inception_n or_o essence_n also_o when_o the_o heir_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n if_o after_o tender_a make_v to_o he_o he_o within_o age_n do_v marry_v elsewhere_o yet_o he_o shall_v not_o pay_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o marriage_n for_o by_o the_o make_v he_o knight_n he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n of_o his_o lord_n for_o than_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o may_v employ_v himself_o in_o feat_n of_o arm_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o may_v not_o be_v within_o the_o custody_n of_o another_o and_o none_o shall_v pay_v any_o forfeiture_n but_o when_o after_o any_o refusal_n he_o do_v marry_v himself_o during_o the_o time_n when_o he_o be_v under_o the_o custody_n and_o keep_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o this_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n chap._n 6._o si_fw-mi se_fw-la mariturierit_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la