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bishop_n nor_o earl_n no_o man_n be_v to_o have_v any_o rent_n or_o tribute_n there_o in_o the_o council_n of_o becanceld_a king_n wither_a free_v the_o church_n from_o all_o difficulty_n of_o saecular_a servitude_n from_o feed_v the_o king_n prince_n aldermen_z earl_n from_o all_o work_n the_o great_a and_o lesser_a grievance_n etc._n etc._n 190._o etc._n council_n becanceld_a au._n 694._o council_n sax._n 190._o witlafe_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n in_o the_o year_n 833._o confirm_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o crowland_n their_o land_n and_o tenement_n thus_o i_o grant_v deliver_v and_o confirm_v those_o land_n and_o tenement_n etc._n etc._n for_o a_o peaceable_a and_o perpetual_a possession_n to_o have_v from_o i_o and_o my_o heir_n whosoever_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n after_o i_o to_o succeed_v in_o puram_fw-la eleemosynam_fw-la in_o perpetual_a and_o pure_a frankalmoigne_n libere_fw-la quiet_a et_fw-fr solute_a or_o as_o we_o now_o use_v it_o quit_v and_o discharge_v from_o 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learned_a mr._n selden_n say_v in_o england_n before_o the_o norman_n be_v military_a fiefe_n the_o earl_n and_o thanes_z be_v bind_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o knight_n service_n all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o kingdom_n except_o some_o privilege_a etc._n etc._n hold_v of_o the_o crown_n mediate_o or_o immediate_o but_o say_v he_o the_o expedition_n mulitary_a etc._n etc._n those_o three_o be_v not_o so_o much_o by_o reason_n of_o tenure_n as_o general_a subjection_n to_o occasion_n of_o the_o state_n 321._o state_n tit._n hon._n 1_o edit_n 321._o likely_a so_o yet_o to_o recite_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o there_o be_v that_o think_v this_o firdfare_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o escuage_n the_o charter_n of_o kenulph_n 821._o an._n 821._o the_o mercian_n king_n to_o abingdon_n discharge_v all_o service_n but_o the_o expedition_n of_o twelve_o man_n with_o their_o shield_n cum_fw-la scutis_fw-la burgbote_n etc._n etc._n as_o the_o most_o know_a knight_n in_o the_o ancient_a charter_n
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commonwealth_n may_v be_v set_v up_o he_o that_o will_v judge_v say_v aristotle_n top._n aristotle_n 2_o top._n it_o be_v better_a to_o judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n than_o out_o of_o a_o man_n own_o knowledge_n and_o sentence_n although_o a_o man_n out_o of_o knowledge_n may_v see_v clear_o yet_o i_o may_v say_v the_o law_n have_v more_o eye_n than_o argus_n they_o see_v with_o the_o eye_n of_o many_o age_n with_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o the_o most_o noble_a most_o wise_a &_o most_o learned_a counsellor_n of_o state_n and_o judge_n of_o all_o the_o most_o judicious_a pious_a and_o peaceable_a citizen_n of_o this_o our_o country_n the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v the_o calamity_n of_o the_o innocent_a 30_o innocent_a 2_o just_o 30_o so_o it_o must_v be_v here_o of_o the_o law_n i_o speak_v not_o of_o polish_n refine_n or_o ad_v to_o the_o law_n to_o complete_a they_o where_o they_o be_v not_o full_a &_o may_v be_v overreach_v by_o the_o cunning_a of_o injust_a man_n have_v not_o this_o be_v often_o do_v the_o law_n have_v not_o gain_v the_o perfection_n they_o have_v now_o attain_v but_o i_o say_v this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v not_o to_o be_v pretend_v to_o in_o the_o street_n where_o nothing_o but_o noise_n and_o clamour_n can_v be_v have_v nor_o can_v he_o who_o remove_v the_o angular_a stone_n be_v say_v to_o repair_v aristotle_n think_v that_o law_n receive_v be_v not_o to_o be_v change_v although_o there_o be_v some_o incommodiousnesse_n in_o in_o they_o 2._o they_o pol._n 2._o and_o cleon_n speak_v thus_o in_o thucydides_n his_o sense_n and_o word_n a_o city_n with_o the_o worst_a law_n immovable_a be_v better_a than_o one_o with_o good_a law_n not_o bind_v or_o as_o i_o may_v say_v subject_a to_o to_o the_o capricious_a humour_n of_o every_o peevish_a shallow_a tradesman_n of_o
without_o trial_n justice_n shall_v not_o be_v sell_v nor_o defer_v etc._n etc._n the_o observation_n of_o these_o law_n be_v a_o condition_n of_o peace_n which_o ever_o appease_v the_o ancient_a distemper_n and_o cement_v what_o be_v loose_a and_o disjointed_a in_o the_o great_a body_n the_o law_n toe_n of_o st._n edward_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n usual_o take_v at_o their_o coronation_n which_o be_v not_o only_o superfluous_a and_o abundant_a but_o a_o impious_a vanity_n if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o law_n any_o where_o after_o the_o solemnity_n of_o this_o religious_a and_o sacred_a bond_n to_o be_v observe_v the_o manner_n of_o take_v the_o oath_n as_o we_o find_v be_v this_o the_o archbishop_n ask_v the_o king_n whether_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o take_v the_o oath_n usual_o take_v by_o his_o predecessor_n and_o whether_o the_o law_n and_o gustome_n by_o the_o ancient_a just_a and_o devout_a king_n grant_v to_o the_o people_n of_o england_n with_o the_o confirmation_n of_o his_o oath_n he_o will_v grant_v and_o keep_v to_o the_o same_o people_n and_o especial_o the_o law_n custom_n and_o liberty_n by_o the_o glorious_a king_n edward_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n grant_v regali_fw-la grant_v exit_fw-la libro_fw-la regali_fw-la after_o he_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o high_a altar_n where_o he_o swear_v to_o observe_v they_o etc._n etc._n further_o so_o far_o be_v some_o from_o allow_v our_o law_n to_o be_v norman_a that_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n the_o norman_n receive_v they_o from_o we_o as_o they_o must_v of_o their_o custom_n be_v so_o derive_v as_o william_n of_o rovel_v in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o grand_a customary_a edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v a_o long_a while_n in_o normandy_n give_v law_n to_o the_o norman_n and_o make_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o normandy_n jurata_fw-la normandy_n d._n spel._n gloss_n v._o jurata_fw-la which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o nothing_o be_v lose_v by_o it_o nor_o do_v it_o make_v any_o of_o these_o truth_n suspicious_a 55._o suspicious_a sup._n 55._o that_o so_o few_o of_o these_o law_n be_v come_v to_o our_o hand_n of_o which_o something_a be_v say_v before_o and_o of_o their_o book-case_n or_o judgement_n none_o at_o all_o there_o never_o can_v be_v any_o such_o volume_n of_o they_o hear_v of_o as_o be_v fancy_v beside_o the_o honest_a simplicity_n of_o the_o first_o age_n and_o the_o strictness_n of_o rule_n speak_v of_o writing_n and_o deed_n either_o to_o pass_v land_n or_o privilege_n be_v not_o in_o use_n till_o king_n wither_v near_o 700._o year_n after_o our_o saviour_n that_o king_n be_v so_o illiterate_a that_o he_o can_v not_o write_v his_o name_n as_o himself_o confess_v 198_o confess_v council_n sax._n 198_o king_n aelfred_n little_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o year_n after_o this_o complain_v of_o the_o ignorance_n then_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o on_o this_o side_n humber_n who_o can_v understand_v the_o ordinary_a common_a prayer_n or_o translate_v a_o piece_n of_o latin_a into_o english_a but_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n on_o the_o south_n of_o the_o thames_n he_o remember_v not_o a_o man_n who_o can_v have_v do_v it_o walsagepiscep_v it_o ibid._n 379_o epist_n aelfredi_n ad_fw-la walsagepiscep_v and_o although_o this_o king_n of_o sacred_a memory_n if_o perhaps_o as_o i_o can_v think_v he_o be_v not_o the_o solon_n and_o arthitect_n of_o our_o saxon_a english_a order_n yet_o a_o great_a restorer_n of_o it_o build_v glorious_o upon_o the_o frame_n he_o find_v yet_o these_o be_v less_o than_o beginning_n will_v likely_o have_v be_v where_o such_o a_o prince_n have_v be_v the_o workman_n he_o can_v not_o intend_v they_o the_o dane_n like_o a_o fatal_a whirlwind_n tear_v up_o root_n and_o branch_n every_o where_o ruine_v have_v long_o before_o break_v into_o the_o land_n which_o two_o hundred_o year_n together_o they_o miserable_o harass_v with_o who_o he_o fight_v fifty_o six_o battle_n and_o as_o may_v be_v imagine_v have_v not_o leisure_n to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o peace_n but_o in_o his_o arm_n sometime_o hide_v in_o the_o poor_a shed_v of_o a_o herdsman_n as_o the_o most_o know_a knight_n a_o king_n without_o a_o kingdom_n a_o prince_n without_o people_n so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o think_v of_o his_o law_n 378._o law_n council_n 378._o and_o although_o there_o be_v some_o breathe_n and_o the_o storm_n have_v some_o intermission_n some_o calm_n be_v in_o the_o two_o hundred_o year_n some_o in_o his_o reign_n yet_o such_o ravage_v and_o spoil_v have_v these_o barbarous_a thief_n make_v and_o so_o universal_a may_v the_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n be_v we_o may_v conceive_v it_o will_v be_v the_o labour_n of_o no_o short_a peace_n to_o restore_v thing_n fall_v or_o shake_v to_o their_o first_o condition_n without_o make_v any_o the_o least_o progression_n this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v till_o the_o corruption_n which_o war_n licentiousness_n and_o careless_a negligence_n have_v breed_v in_o the_o part_n most_o sound_a be_v pluck_v up_o and_o the_o weed_n throw_v out_o which_o must_v be_v the_o work_n of_o time_n the_o proceed_n too_o of_o the_o saxon_n our_o ancestor_n as_o m._n lambard_n in_o judgement_n be_v the_o plane_n and_o without_o solennity_n enough_o to_o clear_v this_o though_o the_o saxon_a law_n than_o be_v enough_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n yet_o they_o have_v no_o great_a extent_n whatsoever_o unto_o s._n edward_n gather_v out_o of_o the_o law_n of_o those_o who_o follow_v this_o king_n and_o see_v more_o quiet_a day_n or_o out_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n can_v not_o reach_v far_o but_o not_o out_o of_o any_o defect_n in_o the_o law_n itself_o than_o the_o cause_n why_o the_o law_n run_v in_o a_o large_a channel_n and_o spread_v into_o more_o vein_n now_o be_v not_o any_o artifice_n or_o injust_a deal_n of_o those_o who_o practice_n it_o but_o the_o improvement_n of_o estate_n by_o good_a husbandry_n much_o traffic_n whence_o contract_n be_v more_o frequent_a as_o sir_n john_n davies_n there_o be_v more_o luxury_n and_o excess_n in_o the_o world_n more_o force_n deceit_n and_o oppression_n more_o covetousness_n and_o malice_n breach_n of_o peace_n and_o trust_n which_o as_o they_o gather_v strength_n and_o multiply_v so_o must_v the_o law_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n that_o as_o these_o mischief_n increase_v there_o shall_v be_v supplement_n of_o law_n to_o meet_v with_o they_o mr._n daniel_n observe_v of_o the_o assize_n of_o clarendon_n long_o after_o the_o saxon_n that_o it_o consist_v as_o it_o do_v of_o very_a few_o point_n and_o that_o the_o multitude_n of_o action_n which_o follow_v in_o succeed_a time_n grow_v out_o of_o new_a transgression_n etc._n etc._n when_o the_o roman_n be_v little_o better_a than_o shepherd_n and_o herdsman_n it_o be_v say_v a_o few_o ivory_n table_n contain_v their_o law_n after_o they_o come_v to_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o world_n thousand_o of_o book_n be_v write_v of_o the_o roman_n civil_a law_n albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la just_o reprehend_v ludovicus_n vives_z who_o maintain_v as_o he_o that_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v finish_v by_o a_o few_o law_n as_o the_o same_o mr._n lambard_n speak_v of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n positive_a or_o write_a law_n neither_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v make_v such_o a_o perfect_a rule_n as_o that_o a_o man_n may_v thereby_o true_o squâ—e_v out_o justice_n in_o all_o case_n which_o may_v happen_v for_o write_v law_n must_v needs_o be_v make_v in_o generality_n and_o ground_v upon_o that_o which_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n because_o no_o wisdom_n of_o man_n can_v foresee_v every_o thing_n in_o particularity_n which_o experience_n and_o time_n do_v beget_v 77._o beget_v archeior_fw-fr 76_o 77._o there_o be_v a_o curse_n of_o peace_n the_o high_a prosperity_n have_v its_o danger_n there_o can_v be_v no_o safety_n in_o it_o the_o rich_a man_n be_v more_o infirm_a more_o unsound_a than_o the_o poor_a pride_n and_o malicious_a contention_n be_v disease_n he_o be_v seldom_o free_a from_o it_o be_v well_o say_v of_o wicked_a man_n and_o their_o injustice_n there_o be_v need_n of_o many_o law_n to_o bridle_v they_o of_o many_o officer_n to_o execute_v of_o many_o lawyer_n to_o interpret_v those_o law_n we_o know_v all_o law_n come_v not_o in_o by_o heap_n but_o as_o time_n corrupt_v thing_n and_o new_a wrong_n and_o offence_n be_v discover_v by_o the_o same_o degree_n thus_o the_o sumptuary_n law_n among_o the_o roman_n come_v in_o the_o fabian_z of_o plagiaries_n the_o julian_n of_o public_a or_o private_a force_n de_fw-fr ambitu_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n all_o our_o statute_n law_n which_o be_v remedy_v so_o must_v it_o be_v and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v in_o all_o commonwealth_n of_o
complain_v volenti_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la injuria_fw-la he_o may_v have_v refuse_v the_o thing_n his_o acceptance_n bind_v he_o to_o the_o charge_n coincident_a hotoman_n describe_v a_o fief_n to_o be_v a_o benefice_n for_o which_o some_o duty_n be_v do_v to_o testify_v the_o gratefulness_n of_o the_o taker_n 1._o taker_n disp_n c._n 1._o i_o shall_v think_v here_o will_v be_v the_o injustice_n that_o the_o whole_a benefice_n shall_v be_v enjoy_v by_o the_o tenant_n and_o the_o grant_a from_o who_o it_o move_v be_v allow_v none_o of_o his_o own_o reservation_n to_o himself_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v few_o man_n now_o without_o harth_n or_o household_n god_n who_o will_v resufe_v a_o good_a manner_n because_o these_o tie_n hang_v upon_o the_o label_n sir_n themas_n ridleyn_n a_o civilian_n fetch_v the_o feude_n chief_o from_o the_o lombard_n 71._o lombard_n view_n etc._n etc._n 71._o much_o augment_v and_o adorn_v by_o they_o they_o may_v be_v 256._o be_v gloss_n d._n sp_z 256._o which_o lombard_n be_v cousin-germanes_a of_o the_o english_a saxon_n who_o companion_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o italy_n part_n of_o the_o saxon_n be_v and_o their_o charge_n be_v almost_o the_o same_o with_o we_o yet_o in_o the_o volume_n of_o the_o ancient_a lombard_n law_n the_o word_n feud_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v seldom_o the_o word_n benefice_n but_o their_o be_v many_o thing_n direct_o tend_v to_o this_o purpose_n as_o also_o in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o frank_n call_v the_o capitular_o our_o english_a saxon_n &_o those_o of_o other_o the_o word_n feud_n be_v of_o saxon_a original_a feb_n fech_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v be_v the_o same_o with_o fee_n in_o use_n now_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o word_n taste_v not_o only_o of_o the_o german_n but_o of_o it_o be_v more_o ancient_a dialect_n the_o old_a saxon._n ibid._n saxon._n d._n spelm_n ibid._n the_o feud_n come_v but_o of_o late_a to_o be_v a_o volume_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n compose_v by_o obert_n de_fw-fr horto_fw-la and_o gerard_n niger_n under_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o first_o surname_v barbarossa_n ancient_o the_o fee_n be_v hold_v mere_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n 1._o lord_n ger._n nig_a l._n 1._o t._n c._n 1._o after_o for_o a_o year_n for_o life_n make_v perpetual_a and_o hereditary_a by_o conrade_n the_o shall_fw-mi the_o year_n 1025._o among_o the_o german_n where_o the_o descent_n be_v as_o we_o call_v it_o by_o gavelkinde_n among_o the_o french_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o hugh_n capet_n which_o he_o begin_v in_o the_o year_n 988._o in_o the_o year_n 913._o as_o munster_n will_v have_v it_o conrade_n the_o first_o change_v this_o custom_n he_o give_v the_o dukedom_n of_o saxony_n to_o henry_n the_o falconer_n as_o a_o fief_n hereditary_a to_o the_o end_n these_o be_v his_o word_n that_o he_o may_v be_v the_o more_o vigilant_a to_o combat_v the_o obotrite_n now_o those_o of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mecklenburge_n and_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o faith_n after_o as_o he_o otho_n the_o first_o who_o begin_v his_o reign_n 938._o and_o his_o successor_n do_v the_o like_a 346._o like_a cosmegr_n 346._o after_o his_o defeat_n of_o the_o hongre_n 359._o hongre_n ibid._n 359._o lothaire_n the_o emperor_n forbid_v lord_n to_o take_v away_o the_o vassal_n fee_v without_o his_o crime_n which_o some_o interpret_v signal_n ingratitude_n 20.23_o ingratitude_n feud_n l._n c._n tit_n 20.23_o to_o which_o conrade_n add_v unless_o he_o be_v convince_v of_o the_o crime_n by_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o equal_n of_o the_o court_n ibid._n court_n ibid._n which_o be_v call_v landamentum_fw-la it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o german_n the_o emperor_n because_o he_o can_v judge_v cause_n in_o all_o place_n confer_v upon_o illustrious_a man_n viz._n prince_n earldom_n and_o feudal_a banner_n 52._o banner_n specul_fw-la sax._n artic._n 52._o as_o another_o they_o have_v their_o fanleben_fw-mi or_o principal_a fee_n the_o collation_n and_o investiture_n of_o which_o belong_v only_o to_o the_o emperor_n 2.52_o emperor_n stat._n german_a p._n 2.52_o these_o be_v the_o fee_n of_o the_o great_a captain_n or_o baron_n call_v by_o they_o freyberen_n under_o which_o be_v the_o medii_fw-la liberi_fw-la who_o follow_v the_o war_n and_o aught_o homage_n to_o another_o as_o servitor_n noble_a 145._o noble_a munst_n 145._o the_o land_n they_o call_v terra_fw-la salica_fw-la be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o knight_n service_n 5._o service_n bodin_n l._n sixieme_a c._n 5._o this_o be_v simple_o call_v a_o fee_n military_a hold_v of_o the_o baron_n and_o vavasour_n of_o all_o which_o the_o jaw_n speak_v where_o be_v mention_v the_o great_a captain_n who_o receive_v the_o regal_a fief_n call_v vassi_fw-la dominici_fw-la who_o hold_v in_o chief_a the_o middle_a of_o a_o low_a sort_n who_o receive_v sief_n from_o they_o and_o the_o low_a to_o who_o those_o give_v 15._o give_v feud_n l._n 1._o tit_n 1._o sec_fw-la 4._o et_fw-fr tit_n 15._o frederick_n the_o first_o be_v make_v to_o speak_v thus_o we_o in_o the_o presence_n &_o witness_v of_o all_o the_o teutonic's_n &_o lombard_n and_o of_o the_o bishop_n and_o lay_v prince_n and_o baron_n and_o vanasour_n etc._n etc._n 31._o etc._n raedenic_n l._n 2._o c._n 31._o there_o be_v a_o gavelkind_a as_o well_o in_o their_o honour_n of_o the_o great_a house_n as_o of_o the_o land_n which_o hold_v in_o the_o crown_n itself_o till_o charlemaigne_n and_o be_v abolish_v in_o the_o house_n of_o hessen_n but_o fince_n the_o last_o peace_n the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n arundel_n of_o wardour_n creation_n make_v earl_n by_o rodolph_n the_o 11._o for_o his_o good_a service_n and_o valour_n against_o the_o turk_n at_o strigoniun_n and_o the_o part_n about_o be_v we_o have_v create_v he_o and_o all_o and_o every_o of_o his_o child_n heir_n and_o posterity_n and_o descendants_n lawful_o of_o both_o sex_n for_o ever_o to_o be_v bear_v count_n and_o countess_n etc._n etc._n the_o ancient_a saxon_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o sort_n the_o edhilinge_n or_o noble_n the_o frilinge_n or_o freeman_n the_o lazzi_n or_o villein_n which_o agree_v exact_o with_o our_o distinction_n though_o now_o their_o remain_v nothing_o of_o the_o latter_a but_o the_o memory_n of_o it_o with_o we_o not_o yet_o wear_v out_o a_o among_o the_o german_n and_o as_o to_o some_o duty_n as_o till_v the_o lord_n ground_n carrying_z in_o his_o corn_n etc._n etc._n the_o complaint_n of_o the_o mutinous_a clown_n of_o the_o schwabische_n kraisse_fw-fr or_o circle_n of_o suevia_n be_v true_a that_o their_o condition_n be_v little_o better_a than_o servile_a 5._o servile_a sleid._n come_v l._n 5._o fief_n be_v every_o where_n in_o france_n upon_o the_o reason_n before_o bring_v in_o as_o all_o their_o old_a law_n &_o institution_n by_o pharamont_n and_o his_o german_a frankes_n the_o conqueror_n of_o the_o gaul_n the_o noble_n from_o the_o time_n of_o hugh_n capet_n take_v their_o surname_n from_o their_o fief_n the_o french_a have_v their_o fief_n dominant_a en_fw-fr royal_a or_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la hold_v immediate_o in_o chief_a of_o the_o king_n and_o whereof_o many_o other_o hold_v their_o fief_n of_o dignity_n either_o hold_v immediate_o or_o of_o some_o fief_n so_o hold_v then_o call_v fief_n mesne_fw-la a_o barony_n or_o chastelleny_n the_o feudum_fw-la vexillare_fw-la or_o fief_a rdnneret_n the_o fief_n ample_a or_o knight_n fee_v hold_v of_o the_o lord_n mesne_n baron_n or_o chastellaine_n and_o their_o fief_n roturior_a ignoble_a as_o our_o socage_n wardship_n fealty_n homage_n court_n custom_n jurisdiction_n over_o vassal_n be_v incident_n of_o the_o noble_a fiess_n a_o name_n as_o berault_n which_o comprehend_v all_o the_o species_n but_o the_o last_o they_o have_v their_o cotier_n pay_v the_o cen_n a_o quit_v rend_v or_o till_v the_o lord_n ground_n etc._n etc._n the_o cen_n be_v a_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o impose_v in_o imitation_n of_o they_o their_o villain_n or_o base_a servile_a tenant_n be_v yet_o in_o be_v they_o have_v their_o court_n feudale_n or_o fonciere_n which_o be_v as_o our_o court_n leet_n or_o baron_n a_o court_n of_o base_a jurisdiction_n to_o which_o the_o lord_n vassal_n owe_v their_o suit_n and_o service_n so_o of_o escheates_n there_o be_v little_a difference_n betwixt_o they_o &_o we_o in_o they_o and_o in_o the_o right_a d'aubaine_n where_o a_o stranger_n possess_v of_o land_n or_o good_n die_v not_o naturalize_v the_o right_a of_o bannery_n be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o which_o be_v the_o privilege_n of_o have_v a_o common_a mill_n oven_n etc._n etc._n whereto_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o manner_n must_v resort_v so_o of_o the_o dehris_n for_o wrec_n or_o shipwrack_n of_o right_a of_o warren_n fish_v and_o fowl_v of_o hereot_fw-la a_o custom_n of_o of_o the_o german_n yet_o of_o relief_n of_o escuage_n
of_o geolph_n son_n of_o malt_n in_o halington_n four_o oxgange_n of_o land_n of_o jnland_n which_o the_o margin_n once_o correct_v by_o luland_n for_o juland_n both_o which_o make_v it_o nonsense_n there_o be_v add_v and_o ten_o oxgange_n in_o service_n the_o word_n manor_n mansion_n tevement_n marsh_n common_a of_o pasture_n of_o all_o beast_n be_v frequent_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o ancient_a grant_n make_v by_o the_o mercian_n and_o west_n saxon_a king_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o crowland_n 881._o crowland_n inulphus_n savil_n 859_o 864_o 881._o with_o the_o term_n acre_n hide_n carve_v oxegange_n yardland_n firme_v rent_n etc._n etc._n many_o of_o those_o manor_n have_v their_o royalty_n or_o huge_a privilege_n as_o ingulphus_n call_v they_o annex_v both_o of_o jurisdiction_n in_o some_o part_n lessen_v since_o and_o profit_n king_n edgar_n chatter_v this_o monastery_n describe_v and_o grant_v they_o i_o grant_v and_o confirm_v say_v he_o etc._n etc._n free_a from_o all_o secular_a charge_n and_o that_o they_o have_v all_o the_o free_a custom_n with_o all_o that_o which_o be_v call_v soc_n sac_n tol_o and_o team_n infangthef_n weife_n and_o streye_v 881._o streye_v id._n 881._o among_o which_o sac_n in_o the_o halmot_n since_o court_v baron_n be_v common_a to_o all_o manor_n in_o the_o great_a plea_n of_o pennedene_n of_o which_o before_o the_o archbishop_n be_v say_v to_o darrein_a all_o the_o liberty_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o church_n soca_n saca_n tol_o team_n flymena_n fyrmthe_n for_o flyman_n firm_a grithbrice_n forsteal_n haunfare_n for_o heinfare_n and_o infangennetheof_n 196._o infangennetheof_n not._n in_o ead._n 196._o most_o of_o which_o be_v now_o wear_v out_o unknown_a in_o these_o base_a court_n yet_o i_o will_v say_v something_o of_o they_o not_o that_o i_o pretend_v to_o give_v full_a satisfaction_n be_v in_o some_o of_o they_o unsatisfy_a myself_o as_o they_o be_v upon_o who_o i_o rely_v for_o soca_n d._n cowell_n cite_v s._n edward_n law_n 23._o law_n c._n 23._o he_o say_v some_o will_v have_v it_o a_o inquest_n as_o if_o it_o be_v seek_v some_o suit_n of_o court_n other_o a_o exemption_n of_o the_o tenant_n from_o any_o public_a duty_n without_o the_o manor_n or_o liberty_n call_v still_o soak_v soon_o socne_o be_v in_o saxon_a liberty_n 4._o liberty_n ll._n cnuti_n c._n 69_o 4._o free_a jurisdiction_n frithsocne_n be_v a_o sanctuary_n a_o liberty_n of_o peace_n 2_o peace_n ll._n eccles_n r._n cnuti_n c._n 2_o in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o s._n alhanes_n we_o read_v with_o all_o the_o land_n which_o william_n chamberlain_n or_o the_o chamberlain_n hold_v in_o the_o soak_v of_o luiton_n 69._o luiton_n 69._o it_o be_v the_o liberty_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lordship_n within_o which_o the_o lord_n may_v hold_v his_o court_n to_o which_o the_o tenant_n ought_v to_o resort_v to_o do_v their_o suit_n and_o out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v sac_n be_v conusance_n of_o plea_n tol_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o liberty_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v within_o the_o manor_n 24._o manor_n ll._n edu_n c._n 24._o more_o likely_a some_o duty_n pay_v to_o the_o lord_n upon_o such_o sale_n team_n in_o other_o saxon_a out_o of_o the_o law_n be_v progeny_n by_o some_o make_v a_o power_n to_o have_v and_o and_o dispose_v of_o villain_n and_o their_o race_n it_o be_v so_o i_o gather_v from_o the_o saxon_a law_n cognizance_n in_o a_o courtbaron_n of_o thing_n claim_v steal_v where_o he_o in_o who_o hand_n the_o good_n be_v find_v may_v vouch_v his_o vendor_n and_o he_o over_o till_o the_o thief_n be_v discover_v if_o he_o be_v team_n ƿyrþe_v as_o king_n cnut_n law_n speak_v if_o he_o deserve_v the_o right_n as_o have_v buy_v before_o legal_a witness_n otherwise_o not_o and_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o penalty_n impose_v at_o the_o three_o voucher_n the_o owner_n be_v to_o have_v his_o good_n the_o team_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o good_n be_v find_v no_o man_n be_v bind_v fylgean_o team_n to_o follow_v it_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o timþ_n be_v use_v in_o the_o law_n of_o ine_fw-mi for_o vouch_n getiman_n in_o those_o of_o aelfred_n for_o the_o voucher_n as_o geteaman_n in_o those_o of_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a and_o king_n aetheldred_n timan_n and_o teaman_n to_o vouch_v team_n for_o vouch_v tymoe_v he_o have_v vouch_v in_o aethelstanes_n law_n tyman_n team_n in_o those_o of_o aetheldred_n team_n team_n time_n in_o cnut_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n 3.25_o sense_n will_v ina_n l._n 74._o alfr._n 4._o edu._n sen_fw-la 2._o aethelft_n 24_o aetheld_a 9_o 10._o cnuti_n 21_o 22._o edv_n 3.25_o the_o other_o term_n may_v be_v render_v by_o mulct_n of_o sustain_v fugitive_n or_o outlaw_n of_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n forestalling_a depart_v of_o a_o servant_n trial_n of_o a_o thief_n take_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n there_o be_v park_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n which_o though_o it_o be_v a_o digression_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o observe_v this_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n deorfald_n deerfold_v and_o by_o the_o doomsday_n where_o they_o be_v be_v call_v parcisylvatici_n bestiarum_fw-la wood_n park_n of_o beast_n forest_n too_o here_o be_v as_o ancient_a call_v bucholt_n and_o buchurst_n be_v the_o same_o holt_n and_o hurt_v both_o signify_v a_o wood._n king_n cnut_n in_o his_o law_n forresta_n law_n c._n 77._o v._o man_n fere_v d_o sp._n gloss_n verb._n forresta_n give_v any_o man_n leave_v to_o hunt_v in_o his_o own_o wood_n or_o field_n forbid_v only_o to_o meddle_v with_o the_o king_n venison_n in_o the_o place_n of_o freedom_n other_o forest_n law_n be_v after_o set_v forth_o by_o the_o same_o cnut_n one_o of_o which_o in_o the_o thirty_o chap._n give_v leave_n to_o hunt_v but_o not_o so_o generaly_a it_o name_v not_o wood_n if_o the_o saxon_a original_n be_v as_o narrow_a which_o no_o man_n now_o know_v yet_o i_o see_v not_o why_o these_o law_n shall_v be_v suspect_v for_o it_o as_o they_o be_v inst_z be_v 4._o inst_z where_o this_o chapter_n be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o prohibition_n to_o hunt_v which_o it_o be_v not_o it_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n before_o man_n be_v to_o avoid_v the_o king_n game_n not_o wheresoever_o according_a to_o the_o word_n but_o wheresoever_o he_o will_v have_v it_o according_a to_o the_o other_o law_n gefƿiþod_v privilege_v free_a what_o the_o thane_n be_v and_o how_o he_o hold_v his_o land_n and_o lordship_n i_o will_v next_o inquire_v the_o word_n thane_n thegen_n thein_o thegne_n we_o find_v theowan_n too_o and_o all_o these_o way_n it_o be_v write_v be_v use_v sometime_o indifferent_o in_o some_o place_n mere_o for_o the_o king_n servant_n mere_o for_o a_o servant_n as_o in_o doomsday_n colam_z the_o bunter_n vluiet_v the_o hunter_n godwin_n the_o falconer_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o a_o saxon_a sermon_n 382_o sermon_n in_o beda_n 〈…〉_o 382_o the_o queen_n of_o seba_n tell_v soloman_n bless_v be_v thy_o servant_n theguas_fw-la and_o theowan_n the_o apostle_n be_v call_v thene_n 483._o thene_n bede_n 483._o yet_o in_o other_o place_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v direct_o and_o proper_o restrain_v to_o intend_v of_o a_o thane_n hold_v take_v land_n though_o he_o may_v in_o some_o honourable_a way_n or_o other_o serve_v the_o king_n too_o such_o may_v he_o be_v in_o bede_n who_o as_o the_o fable_n speak_v no_o bond_n can_v hold_v when_o his_o brother_n be_v at_o mass_n pray_v for_o his_o soul_n as_o suppose_v he_o slay_v in_o the_o battle_n with_o elwin_n king_n egfreds_n brother_n who_o fear_v to_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v the_o king_n thegne_n but_o say_v he_o be_v a_o folelic_a man_n and_o again_o those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o see_v by_o his_o face_n and_o carriage_n that_o he_o be_v not_o one_o of_o the_o poor_a folk_n but_o that_o he_o be_v of_o noble_a race_n 22._o race_n bede_n l._n 4._o c._n 22._o and_o be_v question_v answer_v he_o be_v the_o king_n thegne_n there_o be_v the_o king_n thane_n &_o the_o ðeoden_a mean_a or_o under_o thane_n the_o first_o the_o king_n baron_n the_o other_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n 69._o manor_n v._o will_v reg_fw-la cnuti_n c._n 69._o as_o a_o most_o learned_a antiquary_n neither_o be_v there_o with_o they_o the_o saxon_n any_o other_o create_a title_n after_o the_o prince_n or_o etheling_n honorary_a it_o seem_v but_o this_o of_o earl_n and_o their_o thanes_z according_a to_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o confessor_n for_o the_o land_n of_o st._n paul_n church_n there_o which_o run_v thus_o edward_n king_n great_a my_o bisceops_n and_o my_o forle_n and_o alle_fw-mi my_o thegnes_fw-la ou_fw-fr thou_o shiren_n where_o my_o preste_n in_o paulus_n minister_n habband_n land_n hon._n land_n d._n seld._n tit_n hon._n he_o acknowledge_v there_o be_v
the_o feudal_a honorary_a ninrge_v ðegne_n king_n thane_n who_o hold_v of_o the_o k._n in_o chief_a that_o his_o land_n only_o be_v honorary_a taineland_n that_o he_o hold_v by_o service_n of_o personal_a attendance_n by_o service_n of_o a_o office_n or_o military_a attendance_n he_o make_v the_o ðeoden_a medmera_n ðegne_n or_o under_o thane_n to_o be_v feudal_n too_o print_n too_o which_o sein_fw-fr council_n sax._n 406._o now_o in_o print_n and_o the_o same_o with_o a_o vavassour_n out_o of_o the_o m_n s._n of_o athelstanes_n law_n sometime_o at_o the_o library_n of_o st._n james_n he_o cite_v si_fw-mi ceorlman_fw-mi prove_v batur_fw-la ut_fw-la habeat_fw-la 5._o hidos_fw-la terrae_fw-la ad_fw-la ut_fw-la waram_fw-la which_o shall_v be_v utfaram_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la regis_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v say_v he_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n 624._o service_n tit._n hon._n 2._o edit_n 622_o 624._o in_o doomsday_n do_fw-mi bockingham_n scire_fw-la be_v burchard_n teigue_n 1._o baro_n regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la that_o be_v baron_n of_o king_n edward_n among_o the_o witness_n to_o the_o privilege_n of_o king_n aeiheldred_n grant_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o christ_n church_n in_o ganterbury_n be_v aethelmere_n the_o king_n discthene_n translate_v dapifer_fw-la leafric_n his_o braegel_n thene_n master_n of_o the_o wardrobe_n siward_z the_o king_n thene_n a_o t_o rae_v of_o his_o council_n 501._o council_n council_n 500_o 501._o which_o certain_o be_v thanes_z or_o baron_n by_o the_o service_n of_o these_o place_n we_o read_v of_o those_o in_o the_o saxon_a cronologie_n who_o serve_v not_o n_o ordinary_a live_v not_o continual_o at_o court_n 543._o court_n v_o sax._n cron._n 534_o 543._o or_o near_o the_o king_n person_n like_o those_o in_o the_o confessor_n chatter_n here_o yet_o be_v call_v the_o king_n thenot_n the_o word_n be_v these_o and_o in_o those_o three_o year_n many_o of_o the_o king_n most_o choice_a thenot_n die_v among_o which_o be_v suithulfe_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n and_o ceolmund_n alderman_n or_o earl_n in_o kent_n and_o beorhtulf_n alderman_n among_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o wulfred_n alderman_n in_o hamptonshire_n and_o ealheard_a bishop_n at_o dorchester_n and_o eadulf_n the_o king_n thane_n among_o the_o south_n saxon_n and_o beornwulf_n the_o gerefe_n in_o winchester_n and_o ecgulf_n the_o king_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n his_o horse_n thene_n and_o many_o other_o of_o the_o most_o noble_a 545._o noble_a cronolog_n sax._n 545._o which_o i_o shall_v make_v yet_o more_o clear_a when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o hereot_fw-la out_o of_o the_o law_n of_o king_n cnut_n this_o law_n be_v mean_v of_o the_o less_o or_o under_o thane_n if_o any_o thegne_n which_o in_o his_o bockland_n opposite_a to_o so_o cland_n which_o pass_v without_o write_v have_v a_o church_n and_o a_o burial_n place_n &c_n &c_n 2_o &c_n will_v edg._n 2_o to_o make_v it_o more_o full_a as_o before_o be_v say_v that_o the_o policy_n of_o these_o german_a nation_n tend_v much_o to_o war_n the_o very_a ceorlâ—â—_n or_o ploughman_n can_v not_o under_o such_o a_o penalty_n keep_v at_o home_n when_o a_o army_n be_v to_o march_v 52._o march_v lâ—_n ina._n c._n 52._o and_o whosoever_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o march_n forfeit_v all_o he_o have_v 24._o have_v council_n â—_o aeâ—ham_n c._n 24._o if_o the_o king_n be_v in_o the_o expedition_n the_o doomsday_n say_v in_o the_o city_n of_o hereford_n the_o burger_n serve_v with_o his_o horse_n when_o he_o die_v the_o king_n shall_v have_v his_o horse_n and_o arm_n as_o there_o wallingford_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n contain_v 276_o hage_n or_o house_n render_v ten_o pound_n of_o rent_n or_o gable_n and_o who_o remain_v there_o perform_v the_o king_n service_n with_o their_o horse_n or_o by_o water_n we_o find_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n in_o a_o gift_n of_o land_n reservation_n of_o service_n and_o creation_n of_o tenor_n king_n aelfred_n at_o peace_n with_o guthrun_n the_o dane_n who_o he_o win_v over_o to_o the_o faith_n give_v he_o the_o province_n of_o the_o cast_a angle_n and_o northumberland_n to_o be_v possess_v by_o foedal_n and_o hereditary_a right_n ven_z right_n council_n sax._n 379._o asser_n man_n ven_z john_n pik_a who_o write_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o say_v king_n aelfred_n give_v these_o province_n etc._n etc._n under_o fealty_n of_o the_o king_n that_o he_o may_v preserve_v that_o by_o hereditary_a right_n which_o he_o have_v invade_v by_o robbery_n malmesbury_n relate_v this_o in_o the_o same_o word_n 4._o word_n de_fw-fr gest_n reg_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 4._o in_o the_o chronology_n we_o find_v here_o edmund_n the_o king_n waste_v all_o cumberland_n and_o give_v it_o to_o king_n malcolne_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n on_o condition_n that_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n he_o shall_v assist_v he_o in_o his_o war_n ê§_n he_o Æ¿aere_v his_o mid_a Æ¿yrhta_n that_o he_o be_v his_o fellow_n in_o action_n 945._o action_n cronal_a sâ—x_fw-la in_o a_o 945._o of_o the_o first_o of_o which_o harding_n have_v to_o who_o the_o king_n give_v then_o all_o eastenglond_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o the_o lond._n malmesbury_n report_v in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n edgar_n that_o there_o come_v to_o his_o court_n kunadie_n king_n of_o scot_n maleolne_a king_n of_o cumberland_n the_o arch_a pirate_n admiral_n maccuf_n all_o the_o king_n of_o the_o welsh_a dusual_a gifer_v hwal_a hoel_n dha_n jacob_n and_o judethil_n who_o edgar_n bind_v to_o himself_o in_o a_o perpetual_a oath_n hon._n oath_n l._n 2._o 4._o c._n 8._o v._o tit_n hon._n which_o may_v be_v call_v fealty_n where_o the_o same_o harding_n recite_v the_o beneficiary_a client_n or_o prince_n who_o have_v swear_v fealty_n say_v mr._n 280._o mr._n mare_fw-la clau_n 280._o selden_n to_o king_n cnut_n he_o add_v so_o do_v the_o king_n of_o wales_n of_o high_a parage_n and_o all_o the_o north-west_n ocean_n for_o their_o kingdom_n and_o their_o land_n then_o there_o be_v a_o example_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o knight_n service_n here_o before_o the_o norman_n in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n then_o say_v the_o monk_n in_o the_o time_n of_o abbot_n leofstane_n and_o edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o chilterne_a a_o small_a country_n near_o the_o monastery_n be_v full_a of_o wood_n in_o which_o lodge_v divers_a beast_n wolf_n not_o then_o it_o seem_v extinct_a bore_v wild_a bull_n and_o dear_a and_o which_o be_v more_o mischievous_a thief_n out_o law_n banish_a man_n and_o fugitive_n abbot_n leofstane_n to_o the_o profit_n of_o this_o monastery_n grant_v to_o a_o certain_a stout_a knight_n thurnoth_n and_o to_o his_o two_o comerade_n waldef_n and_o thurman_n the_o manner_n of_o flamsted_n on_o condition_n that_o the_o say_a knight_n thurnoth_n with_o his_o comerade_n forenamed_a and_o their_o heir_n shall_v preserve_v the_o west_n part_n abound_v most_o with_o thieu_n as_o well_o from_o noisome_a beast_n as_o thief_n and_o answer_v such_o loss_n as_o by_o their_o neglect_n shall_v happen_v and_o if_o common_a war_n shall_v happen_v with_o all_o their_o diligence_n and_o power_n defend_v the_o church_n of_o st._n alban_n which_o they_o say_v he_o and_o their_o heir_n faithful_o perform_v till_o king_n william_n conquer_v england_n then_o that_o manor_n be_v take_v from_o they_o because_o they_o will_v not_o endure_v the_o norman_a yoke_n but_o a_o certain_a noble_a man_n roger_n of_o thony_n to_o who_o that_o manor_n fall_v stout_o perform_v that_o service_n 46_o service_n vit._n ab._n 46_o in_o doomsday_n be_v say_v that_o the_o church_n of_o holy_a mary_n of_o worcester_n have_v the_o hundred_o call_v oswald_n haw_o in_o which_o lie_n 300_o hide_n of_o which_o the_o bishop_n of_o that_o church_n from_o the_o constitution_n of_o ancient_a time_n have_v redditione_n socharum_n &_o regis_fw-la servitium_fw-la &_o suum_fw-la which_o be_v make_v socage_n rent_n and_o knight_n service_n 3._o rep._n praef._n in_o a_o old_a charter_n of_o the_o age_n of_o doomsday_n book_n be_v these_o word_n to_o edwin_n and_o all_o the_o teigue_n and_o drenge_n and_o to_o all_o the_o man_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n of_o goldinghamshire_n greeting_n the_o same_o as_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n with_o baron_n knight_n and_o freeholder_n in_o domesd_v do_fw-mi cestresc_n of_o this_o manor_n another_o land_n fifteen_o man_n who_o they_o call_v drench_n for_o fifteen_o manor_n hold_v and_o tit_n eod_a in_o villa_n wallingtone_n to_o that_o manor_n belong_v thirty_o four_o drench_n and_o so_o many_o maenor_n they_o have_v it_o be_v clear_a so_o the_o glossary_a that_o these_o drench_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o vassal_n but_o not_o ignoble_a who_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n one_o of_o which_o drench_v he_o conceive_v edwin_n in_o norfolk_n who_o posterity_n be_v after_o call_v shireburn_n to_o have_v be_v who_o prove_v