authority_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o eleven_o of_o king_n edward_n aforesaid_a and_o therefore_o to_o supply_v that_o defect_n in_o the_o five_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o he_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o special_a charter_n elizabeth_n elder_a daughter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o be_v not_o a_o duchess_n of_o cornwall_n although_o she_o be_v the_o firstbegotten_a daughter_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o for_o the_o limitation_n be_v to_o the_o first-begotten_a son_n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v not_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n arthur_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a creation_n for_o although_o he_o be_v sole_a heir_n apparent_a yet_o he_o be_v not_o his_o elder_a begotten_a son_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o stamford_n a_o learned_a judge_n have_v be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v within_o his_o dukedom_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n prerogative_n because_o it_o be_v not_o sever_v from_o the_o crown_n after_o the_o form_n as_o it_o be_v give_v for_o none_o shall_v be_v inheritor_n thereof_o but_o the_o king_n be_v of_o the_o realm_n for_o example_n whereas_o by_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n hold_v divers_a manor_n or_o other_o land_n or_o tenement_n of_o divers_a lord_n all_o by_o knight_n service_n some_o part_n by_o priority_n and_o ancient_a feoffment_n and_o other_o land_n by_o posterity_n and_o a_o late_a feoffment_n and_o the_o tenant_n so_o seize_v die_v and_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n in_o this_o case_n the_o custody_n and_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o his_o marriage_n may_v not_o be_v divide_v among_o all_o the_o lord_n but_o one_o of_o they_o only_o shall_v have_v right_a unto_o it_o because_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v entire_a and_o therefore_o the_o law_n do_v say_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o some_o part_n of_o those_o land_n be_v hold_v by_o priority_n and_o by_o the_o same_o tenure_n of_o chivalry_n shall_v have_v it_o except_o the_o king_n be_v any_o of_o the_o lord_n for_o than_o though_o the_o tenant_n do_v purchase_v that_o land_n last_o yet_o after_o his_o death_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o any_o of_o the_o other_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o tenant_n do_v hold_v the_o priority_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n in_o the_o same_o case_n have_v the_o prerogative_n if_o his_o tenant_n die_v hold_v of_o he_o but_o by_o posterity_n of_o feoffment_n for_o any_o tenure_n of_o his_o duchy_n of_o cornwall_n although_o the_o same_o duke_n be_v not_o seize_v of_o any_o particular_a estate_n whereof_o the_o reversion_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n for_o the_o prince_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o his_o dukedom_n as_o beforesaid_a john_n of_o gaunt_n the_o four_o son_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o take_v to_o wife_n blanch_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n who_o have_v issue_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n so_o that_o the_o say_a duchy_n of_o lancaster_n do_v come_v unto_o the_o say_v henry_n by_o descent_n from_o the_o party_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o be_v a_o subject_a he_o be_v to_o observe_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o all_o thing_n concern_v his_o duchy_n for_o if_o he_o will_v depart_v in_o fee_n with_o any_o thereof_o he_o must_v have_v make_v livery_n and_o seisin_n or_o if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n reserve_v rend_v with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o the_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v behind_o the_o duke_n may_v not_o enter_v without_o make_v his_o demand_n or_o if_o he_o have_v alienate_v any_o part_n thereof_o whilst_o he_o be_v within_o age_n he_o may_v defeat_v the_o purchaser_n for_o that_o cause_n and_o if_o he_o will_v grant_v a_o reversion_n of_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n or_o year_n in_o be_v there_o must_v also_o be_v attornment_n or_o else_o the_o grant_n do_v not_o take_v effect_n but_o after_o that_o he_o have_v depose_v king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o do_v assume_v the_o royal_a estate_n and_o so_o have_v conjoin_v his_o natural_a body_n in_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o so_o be_v become_v king_n then_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n be_v in_o he_o as_o king_n but_o not_o as_o duke_n which_o degree_n of_o dignity_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o that_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o lesser_a must_v always_o give_v place_n to_o the_o great_a and_o likewise_o the_o name_n of_o the_o duchy_n and_o the_o franchise_n liberty_n and_o jurisdiction_n thereof_o when_o in_o the_o king_n hand_n be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n extinct_a and_o after_o that_o time_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n can_v not_o pass_v from_o henry_n the_o four_o by_o livery_n of_o seisin_n but_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n without_o livery_n of_o seisin_n and_o with_o attornment_n and_o if_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n be_v duke_n reserve_v a_o rent_n with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o after_o his_o assumption_n of_o the_o crown_n his_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v unpaid_a he_o may_v re-enter_a without_o demand_n for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o such_o personal_a ceremony_n as_o his_o subject_n be_v therefore_o to_o have_v the_o say_a duchy_n to_o be_v still_o a_o duchy_n with_o the_o liberty_n to_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v beâ—ore_o and_o to_o alter_v the_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n from_o the_o crown_n the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o make_v a_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v entitle_v charta_fw-la regis_fw-la hen._n 4._o de_fw-la separatione_fw-la lancastriae_fw-la à _fw-la corona_fw-la authoritate_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la as_o by_o the_o tenor_n thereof_o may_v appear_v and_o so_o by_o authority_n of_o that_o parliament_n the_o say_a duchy_n with_o all_o the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n be_v mere_o resign_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o from_o the_o minister_n and_o officer_n thereof_o and_o from_o the_o order_n to_o pass_v by_o such_o conveyance_n which_o the_o law_n do_v require_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o now_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n stand_v divide_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v demean_v and_o order_v and_o pass_v as_o they_o do_v before_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v king_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n in_o the_o charter_n which_o do_v make_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o duchy_n in_o any_o other_o degree_n than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o thing_n concern_v his_o pleasure_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n as_o they_o be_v before_o such_o separation_n insomuch_o as_o if_o the_o law_n before_o the_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n adjudge_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n always_o of_o full_a age_n have_v regard_n unto_o his_o gift_n as_o well_o of_o the_o land_n which_o he_o do_v inherit_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n or_o body_n politic_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o adjudge_v for_o the_o duchy_n land_n after_o the_o say_a statute_n for_o the_o statute_n do_v go_v and_o reach_v unto_o the_o estate_n order_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n but_o do_v not_o extend_v unto_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o land_n in_o point_n touch_v his_o person_n neither_o do_v that_o distinguish_v or_o alter_v the_o preeminence_n which_o the_o law_n do_v give_v to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n for_o if_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o after_o the_o say_a act_n have_v make_v a_o lease_n or_o other_o grant_n of_o parcel_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n only_o it_o have_v be_v void_a for_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thus_o stand_v the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n sever_v from_o the_o crown_n all_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o five_o and_o henry_n the_o six_o be_v politic_o make_v for_o the_o uphold_v of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n their_o true_a and_o ancient_a inheritance_n however_o the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n may_v in_o future_a time_n obtain_v his_o right_n thereunto_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o time_n but_o after_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n obtain_v his_o right_n unto_o the_o crown_n in_o parliament_n he_o attaint_v henry_n the_o six_o and_o appropriate_v and_o annex_v the_o say_a duchy_n again_o to_o the_o crown_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n thereof_o make_v in_o the_o first_o of_o the_o king_n reign_n
heraldry_n write_v by_o john_n guillim_n about_o fol._n 18._o that_o sister_n be_v allow_v no_o difference_n of_o badge_n in_o their_o coat-armour_n by_o reason_n that_o by_o they_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n can_v be_v preserve_v but_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o inheritance_n equal_o and_o be_v adjudge_v but_o one_o heir_n to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o point_n in_o these_o day_n be_v worthy_a to_o be_v inquire_v into_o for_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o precedent_n and_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o every_o dutiful_a subject_n that_o the_o king_n can_v advance_v to_o honour_n who_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o radulph_n cromwell_n be_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o issue_n have_v two_o sister_n and_o coheir_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a marry_v unto_o sir_n thomas_n nevil_n knight_n and_o joan_n the_o young_a marry_v to_o sir_n humphrey_n bowcher_n who_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o lord_n cromwell_n and_o not_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n nevil_n who_o marry_v the_o elder_a sister_n and_o hugh_n lupus_n the_o first_o and_o great_a earl_n of_o chester_n habendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la adeo_fw-la libere_fw-la per_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la iple_n rex_fw-la tenuit_fw-la angliam_fw-la per_fw-la tenorem_fw-la hugh_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o earldom_n be_v divide_v among_o his_o four_o sister_n and_o the_o elder_a have_v not_o the_o seignory_n entire_a unto_o herself_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v noble_a by_o birth_n or_o descent_n with_o whosoever_o she_o do_v marry_v although_o her_o husband_n be_v under_o her_o degree_n yet_o she_o do_v remain_v noble_a for_o birthright_n est_fw-fr character_n indelebilis_fw-la other_o woman_n be_v ennoble_v by_o marriage_n and_o the_o text_n say_v thus_o viz._n woman_n ennoble_v with_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o with_o the_o kindred_n of_o their_o husband_n we_o worship_v they_o in_o the_o court_n we_o decree_v matter_n to_o pass_v in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o into_o the_o house_n and_o surname_n of_o their_o husband_n do_v we_o translate_v they_o but_o if_o afterward_o a_o woman_n do_v marry_v with_o a_o man_n of_o a_o base_a degree_n than_o she_o lose_v her_o former_a dignity_n and_o follow_v the_o condition_n of_o her_o latter_a husband_n and_o concern_v the_o second_o disparage_v marriage_n as_o aforesaid_a many_o other_o book_n of_o the_o law_n do_v agree_v for_o these_o be_v rule_n conceive_v in_o those_o case_n si_fw-la mulier_fw-la nobilis_fw-la nupserit_fw-la ignobili_fw-la desinit_fw-la esse_fw-la nobilis_fw-la &_o eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la quo_fw-la quid_fw-la constituitur_fw-la dissolvitur_fw-la it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o ralph_n howard_n esq_n who_o take_v to_o wife_n anne_n the_o widow_n of_o the_o lord_n powes_n they_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n by_o the_o name_n of_o ralph_n howard_n esq_n and_o the_o lady_n anne_n powes_n his_o wife_n and_o exception_n be_v take_v for_o mis-naming_a of_o she_o because_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v name_v of_o her_o husband_n name_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o the_o exception_n be_v by_o the_o court_n allow_v for_o say_v they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n she_o be_v sub_fw-la potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la and_o by_o our_o law_n her_o name_n of_o dignity_n shall_v be_v change_v according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o her_o husband_n notwithstanding_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o lady_n of_o honour_n and_o court_n dyer_n 79._o and_o the_o like_a be_v also_o in_o queen_n mary_n reign_n when_o the_o duchess_n of_o suffolk_n take_v to_o her_o husband_n adrian_n brook_n title_n brief_n 54._o 6._o and_o many_o other_o precedent_n have_v be_v of_o late_a time_n and_o herewith_o agree_v the_o civil_a law_n digest_v lib._n 1._o title_n q._n lege_fw-la 1._o in_o this_o case_n of_o acquire_v nobility_n by_o marriage_n if_o question_n in_o law_n be_v whereupon_o a_o issue_n be_v take_v between_o the_o party_n that_o be_v to_o say_v duchess_n be_v not_o duchess_n countess_n be_v not_o countess_n and_o baroness_n be_v not_o baroness_n the_o trial_n whereof_o shall_v not_o be_v by_o record_n as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n but_o by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n be_v because_o in_o this_o case_n the_o dignity_n be_v accrue_v unto_o she_o by_o her_o marriage_n which_o the_o lawyer_n term_v matter_n in_o fact_n and_o not_o by_o any_o record_n but_o a_o noble_a woman_n by_o marriage_n though_o she_o take_v to_o her_o second_o husband_n a_o man_n of_o mean_a degree_n yet_o she_o may_v keep_v two_o chaplain_n according_a to_o the_o proviso_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 11._o hen._n 8._o case_n 13._o for_o and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o once_o she_o have_v viz._n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o retainer_n and_o every_o such_o chaplain_n may_v purchase_v licence_n and_o dispensation_n etc._n etc._n and_o chaplain_n may_v not_o be_v non-residents_a afterward_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o retain_v of_o chaplain_n by_o lady_n of_o great_a estate_n be_v ordinary_a and_o nevertheless_o some_o question_n in_o law_n have_v be_v concern_v the_o true_a understanding_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n law_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o set_v down_o subsequent_a resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n touch_v such_o matter_n so_o long_o as_o the_o wife_n of_o a_o duke_n be_v call_v duchess_n or_o of_o a_o earl_n a_o countess_n and_o have_v the_o fruition_n of_o the_o honour_n appertain_v to_o their_o estate_n with_o kneel_v taste_v serve_v so_o long_o shall_v a_o baron_n widow_n be_v salute_v lady_n as_o be_v also_o a_o knight_n wife_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n quamdiâ—_n matrimonium_fw-la aut_fw-la viduitas_fw-la uxoris_fw-la durant_fw-mi except_o she_o happen_v to_o clope_v with_o a_o adulterer_n for_o as_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n do_v adjudge_v that_o a_o woman_n shall_v lose_v her_o dowry_n in_o that_o as_o unto_o land_n tenement_n and_o justice_n so_o do_v the_o law_n of_o gentry_n and_o nobleness_n give_v sentence_n against_o such_o a_o woman_n advance_v to_o title_n of_o dignity_n by_o the_o husband_n to_o be_v unworthy_a to_o enjoy_v the_o same_o when_o she_o put_v her_o husband_n out_o of_o her_o mind_n subject_n herself_o unto_o another_o if_o a_o lady_n which_o be_v marry_v come_v through_o the_o forest_n she_o shall_v not_o take_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o duchess_n marchioness_n or_o countess_n shall_v have_v advantage_n of_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr charta_fw-la forest._n 12_o artic._n during_o the_o time_n that_o she_o be_v unmarried_a this_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n si_fw-mi filia_fw-la regis_fw-la nubat_fw-la alicui_fw-la duci_fw-la vel_fw-la comiti_fw-la ducetur_fw-la tamen_fw-la semper_fw-la regalis_fw-la as_o among_o noble_a woman_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n of_o degree_n so_o according_a to_o their_o distinct_a excellency_n the_o law_n do_v give_v special_a privilege_n as_o follow_v by_o the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 1._o it_o be_v high_a treason_n to_o compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n or_o to_o violate_v the_o king_n companion_n the_o king_n response_n be_v a_o sole_a person_n except_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o she_o may_v purchase_v in_o feesimple_n or_o make_v lease_n or_o grant_n with_o the_o king_n she_o may_v plead_v and_o be_v implead_v which_o no_o other_o marry_v woman_n can_v do_v without_o her_o husband_n all_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o any_o cause_n which_o any_o way_n may_v concern_v the_o queen_n be_v such_o statute_n whereof_o the_o judge_n ought_v to_o take_v recognizance_n as_o of_o general_a statute_n though_o the_o matter_n do_v only_o concern_v the_o capacity_n of_o the_o queen_n yet_o it_o do_v also_o concern_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o every_o subject_a have_v interest_n in_o the_o king_n and_o none_o of_o his_o subject_n within_o his_o law_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o king_n who_o be_v head_n and_o sovereign_n so_o that_o his_o business_n concern_v all_o the_o realm_n and_o as_o the_o realm_n have_v interest_n in_o the_o king_n so_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v the_o queen_n be_v his_o wife_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o divers_a land_n in_o fee_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n some_o by_o priority_n that_o be_v by_o ancient_a feoffment_n hold_v of_o other_o and_o some_o other_o part_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o posteriority_n the_o king_n grant_v his_o seignory_n to_o the_o queen_n during_o her_o life_n and_o afterward_o the_o tenant_n die_v his_o son_n within_o age_n in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o have_v the_o prerogative_n even_o as_o the_o king_n himself_o shall_v have_v have_v the_o queen_n consort_n or_o dowager_n shall_v not_o be_v amerce_v if_o she_o be_v nonsuited_a
to_o the_o party_n for_o so_o it_o be_v term_v in_o brook_n title_n addition_n 44._o but_o a_o honour_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o compel_v man_n of_o worth_a to_o take_v upon_o they_o that_o degree_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o fine_a but_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n in_o these_o day_n that_o none_o be_v compel_v thereunto_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n wherefore_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v knight_v have_v the_o writ_n it_o shall_v abate_v because_o he_o have_v change_v his_o name_n and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o act._n and_o for_o that_o cause_n also_o by_o the_o common_a law_n not_o only_o the_o king_n but_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n ought_v to_o have_v of_o every_o of_o his_o tenant_n a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o all_o land_n be_v subject_a to_o these_o aid_n except_o only_o ancient_a demesne_n and_o grand_a and_o petty_a serjeanty-tenure_n as_o the_o law_n have_v â—een_n ancient_o deliver_v and_o in_o io._n shelden_n 131._o where_o also_o it_o be_v say_v one_o that_o write_v a_o little_a after_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o allow_v as_o a_o good_a bar_n to_o the_o avowry_n for_o the_o tenant_n to_o plead_v that_o the_o father_n himself_o be_v no_o knight_n so_o that_o one_o not_o knight_v can_v claim_v this_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n briâ—an_n cap._n the_o price_n the_o aver_v and_o it_o be_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v more_o or_o less_o of_o his_o tenant_n by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o chap._n 35._o it_o be_v put_v in_o contrary_a viz._n forasmuch_o as_o before_o this_o time_n reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v one_o son_n knight_n or_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v never_o put_v in_o certain_a nor_o how_o much_o shall_v be_v take_v nor_o at_o what_o time_n whereby_o some_o levy_v unreasonable_a aid_n and_o more_o often_o than_o seem_v necessary_a whereby_o the_o people_n be_v sore_o grieve_v it_o be_v provide_v that_o from_o henceforth_o of_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n there_o be_v take_v but_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o twenty_o pound_n in_o land_n hold_v in_o soccage_n twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o more_o more_o and_o of_o less_o less_o after_o that_o rate_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v levy_v such_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n until_o his_o son_n be_v of_o fifteen_o year_n old_a nor_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n until_o she_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o of_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v mention_n make_v in_o the_o king_n writ_n form_v on_o the_o same_o when_o any_o will_v demand_v it_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o father_n after_o he_o have_v levy_v such_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n die_v before_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n the_o executor_n of_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o the_o daughter_n for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o father_n receive_v for_o the_o aid_n and_o if_o the_o father_n good_n be_v not_o sufficient_a his_o heir_n shall_v be_v charge_v therewith_o unto_o the_o daughter_n and_o this_o aid_n be_v so_o incident_a that_o although_o the_o lord_n do_v confirm_v unto_o the_o tenant_n to_o hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o certain_a rent_n and_o release_v unto_o he_o all_o other_o service_n and_o demand_n yet_o shall_v he_o have_v the_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n but_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o statute_n aforemention_v because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o statute_n therefore_o by_o the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 11._o the_o king_n aid_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o like_a value_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n be_v that_o a_o heir_n until_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v knight_n service_n but_o such_o a_o presumption_n of_o law_n do_v give_v place_n to_o a_o judgement_n of_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o bracton_n say_v sâ—abitur_fw-la presumptioni_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la and_o therefore_o when_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o sovereign_a judge_n of_o all_o chivalry_n have_v dub_v he_o a_o knight_n he_o by_o this_o have_v adjudge_v he_o able_a to_o do_v he_o knight_n service_n and_o all_o man_n be_v conclude_v to_o say_v the_o contrary_a to_o it_o and_o therefore_o such_o a_o heir_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n either_o in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n or_o afterward_o during_o his_o minority_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o marriage_n by_o the_o award_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n by_o reason_n also_o that_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v under_o by_o any_o yet_o if_o the_o king_n do_v create_v such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n a_o duke_n marquess_z earl_n viscount_n or_o â—aron_n by_o this_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v propound_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la chap._n 3._o ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la dum_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la fuerit_fw-la fiat_fw-la mile_n nihilominus_fw-la terra_fw-la remaneat_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la dominorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la so_o that_o although_o such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n and_o thereby_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v esteem_v as_o of_o full_a age_n yet_o the_o land_n shall_v remain_v in_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n till_o his_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n by_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o say_v act._n question_n if_o the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v knight_n in_o paris_n by_o the_o french_a king_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o wardship_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n or_o no_o for_o thereby_o he_o be_v a_o knight_n in_o england_n coke_n seven_o part_n b._n 2_o edw._n 4._o fol._n tamen_fw-la vide_fw-la in_o coke_n six_o part_n 74._o b._n mention_n be_v only_o make_v of_o knight_n make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o by_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o ireland_n but_o when_o the_o king_n do_v make_v a_o heir_n apparent_a within_o age_n of_o a_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n a_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o say_a heir_n be_v within_o age_n shall_v in_o this_o case_n be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o shall_v pay_v no_o value_n for_o his_o marriage_n neither_o shall_v the_o lord_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n for_o in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n he_o be_v make_v of_o full_a age_n so_o that_o when_o his_o ancestor_n die_v no_o interest_n either_o in_o the_o body_n or_o in_o the_o land_n shall_v invest_v in_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o knight_n may_v tender_v his_o livery_n as_o if_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n and_o in_o that_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v premier_n seisin_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v not_o extend_v unto_o it_o for_o the_o purview_n of_o it_o do_v extend_v only_o when_o the_o heir_n in_o ward_n infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la be_v make_v knight_n then_o remanet_fw-la terra_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v make_v knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n than_o the_o custody_n can_v remain_v which_o never_o have_v any_o inception_n or_o essence_n also_o when_o the_o heir_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n if_o after_o tender_a make_v to_o he_o he_o within_o age_n do_v marry_v elsewhere_o yet_o he_o shall_v not_o pay_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o marriage_n for_o by_o the_o make_v he_o knight_n he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n of_o his_o lord_n for_o than_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o may_v employ_v himself_o in_o feat_n of_o arm_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o may_v not_o be_v within_o the_o custody_n of_o another_o and_o none_o shall_v pay_v any_o forfeiture_n but_o when_o after_o any_o refusal_n he_o do_v marry_v himself_o during_o the_o time_n when_o he_o be_v under_o the_o custody_n and_o keep_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o this_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n chap._n 6._o si_fw-mi se_fw-la mariturierit_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la
parliament_n by_o writ_n as_o baron_n such_o heir_n male_a omit_v the_o husband_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o heir_n female_a and_o this_o also_o appear_v by_o a_o notable_a controversy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o between_o sir_n robert_n willoughby_n lord_n brook_n and_o richard_n lord_n lattimer_n for_o the_o barony_n of_o lattimer_n which_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o say_a lord_n brook_n do_v challenge_v the_o barony_n of_o lattimer_n as_o coâ—in_v and_o heir_n of_o elizabeth_n his_o great-grandmother_n who_o be_v sister_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o hereupon_o exhibit_v a_o petition_n to_o henry_n the_o seven_o in_o parliament_n whereunto_o richard_n lord_n lattimer_n be_v call_v to_o answer_v because_o he_o then_o enjoy_v the_o say_a title_n and_o dignity_n the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n do_v by_o his_o answer_n show_v that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n without_o issue_n the_o say_a elizabeth_n be_v his_o sister_n and_o next_o heir_n and_o marry_v unto_o thomas_n willoughby_n knight_n second_o son_n of_o the_o lord_n willoughby_n but_o henry_n the_o six_o for_o that_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n be_v dead_a without_o issue_n and_o that_o the_o next_o heir_n be_v female_a do_v therefore_o call_v to_o the_o parliament_n george_n nevil_n knight_n second_o son_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o westmoreland_n to_o be_v lord_n lattimer_n as_o cousin_n and_o next_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n which_o george_n be_v grandfather_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n father_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n in_o debate_n of_o which_o cause_n the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n namely_o whether_o a_o barony_n by_o writ_n may_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a be_v advise_o consider_v of_o by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n in_o parliament_n and_o in_o the_o end_n adjudge_v with_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n which_o precedent_n do_v afford_v we_o two_o judgement_n in_o this_o point_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o when_o the_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o say_a sir_n george_n nevil_n knight_n whereby_o he_o be_v summon_v as_o lord_n lattimer_n to_o the_o parliament_n and_o as_o heir_n male_a and_o not_o the_o say_v thomas_n willoughby_n knight_n husband_n of_o the_o say_v elizabeth_n heir_n female_a and_o the_o second_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o whereby_o the_o say_a barony_n be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n come_v out_o of_o the_o special_a heir_n male_a against_o the_o lord_n brook_n descend_v of_o the_o general_a heir_n male._n but_o here_o in_o this_o precedent_n before_o remember_v of_o the_o barony_n of_o dacres_n may_v be_v object_v to_o encounter_v this_o conclusion_n for_o there_o be_v a_o heir_n female_a marry_v unto_o sir_n richard_n fines_n who_o by_o the_o declaration_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o be_v baron_n of_o dacres_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n and_o there_o be_v also_o ralph_n and_o humphrey_n the_o heir_n male_n before_o who_o the_o heir_n female_a be_v prefer_v by_o the_o censure_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o and_o edward_z the_o four_o this_o objection_n be_v easy_o answer_v for_o although_o henry_n the_o six_o through_o the_o princely_a favour_n which_o he_o bear_v unto_o sir_n richard_n fines_n have_v declare_v he_o to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n yet_o notwithstanding_o do_v ralph_n dacres_n be_v heir_n male_a then_o unto_o the_o lord_n dacres_n and_o by_o that_o name_n be_v attaint_v in_o parliament_n anno_fw-la primo_fw-la hen._n 4._o wherefore_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o heir_n male_a can_v not_o be_v regard_v be_v the_o say_a attainder_n of_o the_o say_v raâ—ph_n and_o humphrey_n his_o brother_n and_o therefore_o when_o humphrey_n in_o the_o 12_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o labour_v to_o have_v the_o say_a attainder_n reverse_v he_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o the_o king_n who_o to_o satisfy_v both_o competitor_n both_o have_v deserve_v of_o he_o after_o he_o have_v admit_v they_o to_o his_o favour_n he_o allow_v one_o to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n and_o the_o other_o to_o be_v the_o lord_n dacres_n of_o gillesland_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o second_o point_n whether_o a_o barony_n by_o writ_n may_v descend_v unto_o the_o heir_n female_a the_o three_o point_n as_o concern_v the_o three_o point_n admit_v such_o descent_n to_o be_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a when_o there_o be_v no_o heir_n male_a that_o may_v claim_v the_o same_o for_o than_o do_v this_o question_n take_v place_n whether_o the_o husband_n of_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a shall_v enjoy_v the_o dignity_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n or_o no_o wherein_o we_o be_v to_o rest_v upon_o a_o resolution_n have_v and_o give_v to_o this_o special_a question_n which_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o when_o mr._n winby_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o style_n of_o lord_n talbois_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n have_v no_o issue_n by_o she_o the_o say_a king_n assisted_z both_o by_o civil_a and_o temporal_a lawyer_n give_v sentence_n that_o no_o husband_n of_o a_o baroness_n in_o her_o right_n shall_v use_v that_o style_n and_o dignity_n until_o he_o have_v by_o she_o a_o child_n whereby_o she_o shall_v become_v tenant_n by_o courtesy_n unto_o her_o inheritance_n the_o special_a reason_n that_o occasion_v this_o sentence_n be_v two_o first_o it_o shall_v be_v convenient_a for_o her_o husband_n this_o day_n to_o be_v a_o baron_n and_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o morrow_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n to_o become_v none_o and_o without_o the_o default_n of_o the_o party_n second_o if_o he_o have_v issue_n by_o wife_n and_o be_v entitle_v to_o be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n of_o his_o wife_n land_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o also_o bear_v the_o style_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o wife_n barony_n then_o shall_v the_o son_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o mother_n die_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n be_v a_o baron_n and_o lord_n without_o land_n for_o so_o the_o father_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n as_o tenant_n by_o courtesy_n and_o the_o son_n the_o lordship_n without_o land_n and_o thus_o much_o say_v concern_v the_o nature_n quality_n and_o estate_n of_o a_o baron_n by_o writ_n and_o for_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o several_a point_n and_o article_n of_o the_o question_n propose_v may_v suffice_v chap._n xii_o baron_n by_o patent_n which_o be_v the_o three_o kind_n of_o baron_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a division_n of_o baron_n there_o be_v also_o a_o four_o mean_n of_o creation_n viz._n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o the_o first_o two_o mention_v and_o this_o other_o by_o patent_n be_v most_o usual_a for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n for_o thereby_o the_o donation_n do_v proceed_v from_o his_o majesty_n only_o as_o from_o the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n but_o when_o the_o creation_n be_v by_o parliament_n the_o king_n ever_o be_v one_o and_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v donor_n a_o baron_n therefore_o by_o creation_n by_o reason_n of_o letter_n patent_n be_v that_o noble_a person_n who_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v create_v baron_n by_o such_o their_o letter_n patent_n begin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o this_o kind_n of_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n shall_v be_v of_o such_o continuance_n in_o descent_n or_o otherwise_o as_o shall_v be_v limit_v in_o the_o habendum_fw-la in_o such_o letter_n patent_n contain_v for_o it_o may_v be_v but_o for_o the_o life_n of_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v give_v or_o for_o term_v vaunter_n vie_v as_o some_o hold_n opinion_n in_o the_o 32_o of_o hen._n 6._o for_o cujus_fw-la est_fw-la dare_v est_fw-la disponere_fw-la it_o may_v be_v in_o special_a in_o our_o general_a tail_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o tail_n be_v usual_a before_o the_o statute_n make_v decimo_fw-la tertio_fw-la of_o edw._n 1._o by_o which_o estate_n tail_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v create_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o patent_n whereby_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgo_n be_v make_v earl_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o by_o these_o word_n habendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la margaretae_n uxoris_fw-la svi_fw-la sorors_n alexandri_n regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la procreatis_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la defectu_fw-la talis_fw-la exitus_fw-la remanere_fw-la in_o directis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la dicti_fw-la huberti_fw-la and_o that_o estate_n intayl_n be_v at_o this_o day_n of_o title_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o second_o question_n if_o a_o
to_o prejudice_v he_o touch_v his_o mother_n inheritance_n who_o also_o do_v not_o offend_v or_o contrariwise_o especial_o in_o case_n where_o the_o mother_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o estate_n in_o feesimple_n either_o in_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v of_o philip_n late_a earl_n of_o arundel_n notwithstanding_o the_o attainder_n of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n his_o father_n for_o he_o have_v that_o earldom_n in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n but_o they_o do_v agree_v that_o if_o the_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n be_v give_v to_o a_o man_n and_o to_o his_o wife_n in_o tail_n who_o have_v issue_n the_o father_n be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n and_o execute_v though_o this_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v no_o bar_n to_o the_o wife_n concern_v her_o interest_n by_o survivorship_n yet_o their_o issue_n be_v bar_v by_o the_o statute_n 26_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o and_o his_o blood_n corrupt_v for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o heir_n must_v necessary_o make_v himself_o heir_n as_o well_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o one_o as_o of_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 28._o be_v that_o no_o fine_a feoffment_n or_o other_o act_n or_o act_n hereafter_o to_o be_v make_v or_o suffer_v by_o the_o husband_n only_o of_o any_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n be_v the_o inheritance_n or_o freehold_a of_o his_o wife_n during_o the_o coverture_n between_o they_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a be_v or_o make_v any_o discontinuance_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o say_a wife_n or_o to_o her_o heir_n or_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v right_a title_n or_o interest_n to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o death_n of_o such_o wife_n or_o wife_n but_o the_o same_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n and_o such_o other_o to_o who_o such_o right_n shall_v appertain_v after_o her_o decease_n shall_v or_o may_v then_o lawful_o enter_v into_o all_o such_o manor_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o for_o there_o be_v adversity_n take_v and_o agree_v for_o law_n between_o a_o discontinuance_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o wrong_n and_o a_o lawful_a baron_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v and_o the_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n or_o do_v commit_v high_a treason_n and_o die_v and_o the_o wife_n before_o or_o after_o entry_n die_v the_o issue_n be_v bar_v and_o the_o comisee_fw-mi for_o the_o king_n have_v right_a unto_o the_o land_n because_o the_o issue_n can_v claim_v as_o heir_n unto_o both_o and_o with_o this_o do_v agree_v dyer_n 351._o b._n adjudge_v vide_fw-la 5_o hen._n 7._o 32._o cott_n assize_n coke_n eight_o part_n 27._o where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o do_v extend_v only_o unto_o discontinuance_n although_o the_o act_n have_v general_a word_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o conclusion_n if_o she_o shall_v lawful_o enter_v etc._n etc._n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o which_o they_o can_v do_v when_o they_o be_v bar_v and_o have_v no_o right_n title_n and_o interest_n and_o this_o statute_n do_v give_v advantage_n unto_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n so_o long_o as_o she_o have_v right_a but_o it_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o take_v away_o a_o future_a bar_n although_o the_o statute_n do_v give_v entry_n without_o limitation_n of_o any_o time_n nevertheless_o the_o entry_n must_v attend_v upon_o the_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v seize_v in_o feesimple_n and_o her_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n unto_o another_o and_o die_v now_o the_o wife_n may_v enter_v by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o as_o yet_o that_o fine_a be_v not_o any_o bar_n unto_o she_o but_o her_o right_n do_v remain_v which_o she_o may_v continue_v by_o entry_n but_o if_o she_o do_v surcease_v her_o time_n and_o the_o five_o year_n do_v pass_v without_o entry_n etc._n etc._n now_o by_o force_n of_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n she_o be_v bar_v of_o her_o right_n and_o by_o consequence_n she_o can_v enter_v and_o the_o statute_n do_v speak_v of_o fine_a only_a and_o not_o of_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n if_o there_o be_v father_n and_o son_n and_o the_o father_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la or_o otherwise_o by_o knight_n service_n the_o king_n do_v create_v the_o son_n duke_n earl_n or_o other_o degree_n of_o nobility_n and_o afterward_o the_o father_n die_v his_o son_n be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n he_o shall_v be_v no_o ward_n but_o if_o the_o king_n have_v make_v he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v in_o ward_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n neither_o for_o the_o land_n descend_v nor_o for_o his_o marriage_n though_o he_o be_v within_o age._n nobility_n and_o lord_n in_o reputation_n only_a chap._n fourteen_o there_o be_v also_o other_o lord_n in_o reputation_n and_o appellation_n who_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o the_o jure_fw-la neither_o can_v they_o enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o a_o duke_n during_o his_o father_n life_n be_v only_o in_o courtesy_n of_o speech_n and_o honour_n call_v a_o earl_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o marquis_n or_o a_o earl_n a_o lord_n but_o not_o so_o in_o legal_a proceed_n or_o in_o the_o king_n court_n of_o judicature_n but_o the_o king_n may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n create_v they_o in_o the_o life_n of_o their_o ancestor_n into_o any_o degree_n of_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o according_a to_o the_o german_a custom_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n and_o marquess_n be_v call_v lord_n but_o by_o courtesy_n only_o which_o title_n descend_v not_o to_o their_o heir_n a_o duke_n or_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n do_v come_v into_o this_o land_n by_o the_o king_n be_v safe_a conduct_n in_o which_o say_v letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n he_o be_v name_v a_o duke_n according_a to_o his_o creation_n yet_o that_o appellation_n make_v he_o not_o a_o duke_n etc._n etc._n to_o sue_v or_o be_v sue_v by_o that_o name_n within_o this_o realm_n but_o be_v only_o so_o by_o reputation_n but_o if_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n or_o other_o sovereign_a king_n come_v into_o england_n under_o safe_a conduct_n he_o during_o his_o abode_n here_o aught_o to_o be_v style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o to_o retain_v his_o honour_n although_o not_o his_o regal_a command_n and_o power_n and_o in_o this_o case_n may_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o no_o sovereign_a king_n may_v enter_v into_o this_o realm_n without_o licence_n though_o he_o be_v in_o league_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n and_o earl_n by_o their_o birth_n without_o any_o other_o creation_n and_o if_o a_o englishman_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o some_o other_o title_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o emperor_n or_o other_o monarch_n he_o shall_v not_o bear_v that_o dignity_n in_o england_n but_o be_v only_o a_o earl_n in_o reputation_n a_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o scotland_n or_o ireland_n be_v not_o of_o the_o nobility_n or_o peerage_n of_o england_n in_o all_o court_n of_o justice_n although_o he_o be_v common_o repute_v a_o lord_n and_o have_v privilege_n as_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o queen_n consort_n and_o of_o noble_z women_z chap._n xv._n a_o queen_n so_o call_v from_o the_o sâ—xon_a word_n cuningine_n as_o the_o king_n from_o cuning_n by_o variation_n of_o gender_n only_o as_o be_v their_o manner_n signify_v power_n and_o knowledge_n and_o thereby_o denote_v the_o sovereignty_n due_a unto_o they_o which_o they_o enjoy_v in_o those_o day_n and_o do_v now_o in_o most_o nation_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o royal_a diadem_n by_o the_o common_a right_n of_o inheritance_n for_o want_v of_o heir_n male_n but_o in_o france_n by_o the_o salic_a law_n the_o sex_n be_v exclude_v from_o their_o inheritance_n by_o which_o they_o debar_v the_o english_a title_n to_o their_o crown_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o person_n capable_a of_o the_o title_n and_o dignity_n of_o queen_n among_o we_o and_o each_o of_o they_o different_a in_o power_n and_o privilege_n the_o first_o be_v a_o queen_n sovereign_n to_o who_o the_o crown_n descend_v by_o birthright_n
then_o countess_n of_o killimeak_a in_o ireland_n the_o lady_n dudley_n duchess_n of_o 〈…〉_z the_o celebrate_a beauty_n barbara_n villiers_n duchess_n of_o cleaveland_n and_o countess_n of_o southampton_n and_o lovyse_v rene_n angelique_n de_fw-fr carwell_n duchess_n of_o portsmouth_n countess_n of_o petersfield_n etc._n etc._n of_o title_n by_o descent_n and_o marriage_n there_o be_v example_n enough_o so_o that_o i_o need_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o any_o repetition_n i_o shall_v only_o set_v down_o some_o few_o general_a observation_n not_o sufficient_o discourse_v of_o if_o a_o king_n daughter_n marry_v a_o duke_n or_o a_o earl_n illa_fw-la â—emper_fw-la dicitur_fw-la regalis_fw-la by_o law_n and_o courtesy_n noble_a woman_n by_o descent_n birthright_n or_o creation_n remain_v noble_a although_o they_o marry_v husband_n under_o that_o degree_n also_o any_o daughter_n of_o a_o earl_n or_o viscount_n that_o continue_v a_o virgin_n or_o marry_v a_o esquire_n yet_o she_o retain_v the_o honour_n that_o spring_v from_o her_o parent_n and_o shall_v take_v place_n according_o and_o be_v salute_v by_o the_o title_n of_o lady_n if_o a_o gentleman_n knight_n or_o peer_n marry_v a_o wife_n of_o ignoble_a parent_n she_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o title_n name_n and_o dignity_n of_o her_o husband_n not_o only_o during_o his_o life_n but_o when_o she_o be_v a_o widow_n or_o afterward_o marry_v to_o a_o ignoble_a person_n but_o this_o be_v by_o the_o courtesy_n and_o not_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a let_v a_o woman_n of_o blood_n and_o coat-armour_n marry_v a_o yeoman_n or_o churl_n that_o be_v ignoble_a and_o have_v no_o coat-armour_n his_o condition_n in_o point_n of_o honour_n be_v in_o no_o respect_n advance_v and_o she_o shall_v retain_v the_o honour_n state_n and_o dignity_n she_o be_v bear_v unto_o yet_o if_o she_o have_v iâ—â—ue_a by_o that_o yeoman_n or_o ignoble_a person_n she_o be_v a_o heiress_n that_o issue_n shall_v have_v liberty_n to_o bear_v her_o coat_n but_o sir_n john_n fern_n say_v only_o for_o life_n and_o that_o on_o a_o lozenge_n shield_n with_o a_o difference_n of_o a_o cinquefoil_n if_o a_o french_a spanish_a or_o other_o woman_n alien_n be_v marry_v to_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o to_o a_o gentleman_n and_o be_v not_o denison_v she_o be_v debar_v all_o privilege_n and_o title_n due_a to_o her_o husband_n nor_o can_v she_o claim_v any_o dower_n or_o jointure_n from_o he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n yet_o in_o some_o thing_n our_o law_n be_v wonderful_a kind_n to_o the_o female_a sex_n especial_o procreandi_fw-la causa_fw-la as_o thus_o if_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n separate_v for_o some_o fraud_n or_o private_a loathe_n of_o the_o marriage_n bed_n or_o the_o like_a and_o so_o continue_v for_o some_o year_n after_o which_o time_n the_o woman_n bring_v forth_o a_o child_n which_o though_o get_v by_o another_o man_n and_o her_o husband_n in_o all_o that_o time_n not_o have_v enjoy_v she_o yet_o if_o he_o live_v in_o the_o kingdom_n he_o must_v father_n the_o child_n and_o if_o before_o that_o time_n he_o have_v no_o child_n that_o shall_v inherit_v his_o land_n if_o entail_v or_o leave_v without_o will._n also_o if_o a_o wife_n be_v with_o child_n when_o her_o husband_n die_v and_o she_o marry_v another_o man_n before_o her_o delivery_n the_o latter_a husband_n must_v own_v the_o child_n which_o must_v be_v his_o heir_n at_o law_n if_o he_o be_v childless_a the_o wife_n dignity_n and_o land_n descend_v to_o her_o heir_n not_o to_o her_o husband_n yet_o to_o encourage_v he_o to_o play_v the_o man_n the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n be_v such_o that_o as_o the_o wife_n have_v the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o land_n for_o her_o jointure_n during_o her_o life_n if_o a_o widow_n so_o the_o husband_n if_o he_o get_v his_o wife_n with_o child_n and_o that_o child_n be_v hear_v to_o cry_v he_o shall_v enjoy_v all_o her_o land_n during_o his_o life_n the_o wife_n can_v make_v no_o contract_n whatsoever_o that_o shall_v stand_v good_a in_o law_n to_o the_o detriment_n of_o her_o husband_n without_o his_o consent_n nor_o can_v she_o make_v a_o will_n or_o dispose_v of_o what_o she_o have_v whilst_o she_o be_v a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n â—he_n can_v be_v produce_v as_o a_o witness_n for_o or_o against_o her_o husband_n nor_o shall_v she_o be_v accessary_a to_o his_o felonious_a act_n although_o she_o receive_v the_o good_n or_o conceive_v the_o fact_n if_o she_o be_v not_o personal_o a_o actor_n therein_o female_a child_n be_v also_o by_o law_n capable_a to_o give_v their_o consent_n to_o marriage_n at_o seven_o year_n old_a and_o the_o lord_n be_v elder_a daughter_n be_v to_o have_v aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n to_o marry_v she_o at_o that_o age_n though_o she_o may_v dissent_v from_o this_o contract_n when_o she_o come_v to_o twelve_o but_o if_o at_o that_o age_n she_o do_v not_o dissent_n she_o be_v bind_v for_o life_n she_o may_v then_o make_v a_o will_n and_o dispose_v of_o good_n and_o chattel_n by_o it_o at_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n she_o be_v dowable_a at_o fourteen_o she_o may_v receive_v her_o land_n into_o her_o hand_n and_o be_v then_o out_o of_o wardship_n if_o she_o be_v fourteen_o at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o ancestor_n otherwise_o she_o be_v in_o wardship_n till_o she_o accomplish_v sixteen_o year_n and_o then_o she_o be_v free_a at_o one_o and_o twenty_o she_o be_v enable_v to_o contract_n or_o alienate_v her_o land_n by_o will_n or_o otherwise_o if_o there_o be_v no_o son_n the_o land_n as_o well_o as_o good_n be_v equal_o divide_v among_o the_o daughter_n who_o be_v coheir_n in_o ancient_a time_n woman_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v think_v worthy_a of_o enjoy_v peculiar_a favour_n and_o respect_n and_o out_o of_o their_o great_a love_n and_o honour_n to_o the_o mother_n of_o marcus_n coriolanus_n for_o divert_v his_o fury_n which_o he_o threaten_v the_o citizen_n to_o their_o ruin_n for_o their_o ingratitude_n towards_o he_o the_o citizen_n grant_v the_o roman_a dame_n the_o privilege_n of_o wear_v the_o segmenta_fw-la aurea_fw-la or_o bordure_n of_o gold_n and_o purple_a on_o their_o garment_n they_o be_v also_o permit_v to_o wear_v gold_n earring_n to_o have_v place_n on_o the_o way_n and_o in_o memorial_n of_o the_o say_a preservation_n there_o be_v erect_v a_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o the_o female_a fortune_n anne_n of_o britain_n wife_n to_o charles_n the_o eight_o of_o france_n as_o a_o ornamental_a honour_n to_o several_a deserve_a lady_n instead_o of_o the_o military_a belt_n and_o collar_n bestow_v on_o they_o a_o cordon_n or_o lace_n and_o admonish_v they_o to_o live_v chaste_o and_o devout_o and_o to_o put_v the_o great_a esteem_n thereon_o the_o surround_v her_o escocheon_n of_o arm_n with_o the_o like_a cordon_n from_o which_o example_n it_o be_v now_o become_v the_o custom_n for_o unmarried_a woman_n to_o bear_v their_o arm_n in_o form_n of_o a_o lozenge_n which_o be_v common_o adorn_v with_o such_o a_o cordon_n joseph_n micheli_n marquez_n for_o the_o further_a honour_n of_o the_o female_a sex_n give_v a_o example_n of_o the_o noble_a woman_n of_o tortosa_n in_o arragon_n who_o he_o call_v cavalleros_n or_o knight_n for_o say_v he_o don_n raymond_n last_o earl_n of_o barcelona_n who_o by_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n petronilla_n sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o king_n ramiro_n the_o monk_n join_v his_o principality_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n have_v in_o the_o year_n 1149._o take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o city_n of_o tortosa_n who_o in_o a_o few_o month_n after_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o say_a city_n and_o reduce_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o so_o great_a a_o strait_a that_o their_o intention_n be_v of_o surrender_v it_o up_o to_o the_o moor_n but_o the_o woman_n hear_v thereof_o for_o the_o divert_v their_o ruin_n put_v on_o man_n apparel_n and_o by_o a_o resolute_a sally_n force_v the_o moor_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o the_o earl_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o thanks_o for_o this_o their_o noble_a act_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o honour_n institute_v a_o order_n not_o much_o unlike_o a_o military_a order_n into_o which_o be_v admit_v only_o those_o brave_a woman_n and_o their_o descendant_n the_o badge_n which_o he_o assign_v they_o be_v something_o like_o a_o fryer_n capouch_n but_o of_o a_o crimson_a colour_n which_o they_o wear_v upon_o their_o headclothe_n among_o the_o privilege_n which_o this_o earl_n grant_v they_o they_o be_v to_o be_v free_v from_o all_o tax_n to_o have_v precedency_n of_o man_n in_o public_a meeting_n and_o that_o all_o the_o jewel_n and_o apparel_n of_o their_o decease_a husband_n shall_v be_v their_o own_o although_o of_o never_o so_o great_a value_n and_o these_o woman_n have_v thus_o purchase_v this_o
again_o into_o the_o hall_n where_o he_o shall_v sit_v at_o table_n with_o the_o knight_n and_o be_v rise_v and_o retire_v into_o his_o chamber_n his_o attire_n be_v take_v off_o and_o again_o clothe_v with_o a_o blue_a robe_n have_v on_o his_o left_a shoulder_n a_o lace_n of_o white_a silk_n hang_v to_o be_v wear_v upon_o all_o his_o garment_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o till_o he_o have_v gain_v some_o honour_n and_o renown_n for_o some_o feat_n of_o arm_n or_o some_o prince_n or_o lady_n of_o quality_n cut_v that_o lace_n from_o his_o shoulder_n after_o dinner_n the_o knight_n must_v come_v to_o the_o knight_n and_o conduct_v he_o into_o the_o king_n presence_n to_o return_v he_o thanks_o for_o these_o honour_n and_o so_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o governor_n crave_v his_o pardon_n for_o any_o miscarriage_n and_o claim_v their_o fee_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o court_n also_o take_v their_o leaf_n of_o the_o knight_n i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o knight_n make_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o his_o majesty_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n make_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o his_o majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o edward_n lord_n clinton_n now_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n john_n egerton_n viscount_n brackley_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n sir_n philip_n herbert_n than_o second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n sir_n william_n egerton_n second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n sir_n vere_n fane_n second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o westmoreland_n sir_n charles_n berkley_n elder_a son_n to_o george_n lord_n berkley_n sir_n henry_n bellasis_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o lord_n bellasis_n sir_n henry_n hyde_n now_o earl_n of_o clarendon_n sir_n rowland_n bellasis_n brother_n to_o viscount_n faulconberg_n sir_n henry_n capell_n sir_n john_n vaughan_n now_o elder_a son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o carbery_n sir_n charles_n stanley_n grandchild_n to_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o derby_n sir_n francis_n fane_n sir_n henry_n fane_n grandchild_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o westmoreland_n sir_n william_n portman_n baronet_n sir_n richard_n temple_n baronet_n sir_n william_n ducy_n baronet_n sir_n thomas_n trevor_n baronet_n sir_n john_n scudamore_n baronet_n sir_n william_n gardiner_n baronet_n sir_n charles_n cornwallis_n afterward_o lord_n cornwallis_n sir_n john_n nicholas_n sir_n john_n monson_n sir_n bourcher_n wray_fw-fr sir_n john_n coventry_n sir_n edward_n hungerford_n sir_n john_n knevett_n sir_n philip_n boteler_n sir_n adrian_z scroop_z sir_n richard_n knightley_n sir_n henry_n heron._n sir_n john_n lewkenor_n sir_n george_n brown_n sir_n william_n tyrringhum_fw-la sir_n francis_n godolphin_n sir_n edward_n baynton_n sir_n greville_n verney_n sir_n edward_n harley_n sir_n edward_n walpool_n sir_n francis_n popham_n sir_n edward_n wise._n sir_n christopher_n calthrop_n sir_n richard_n edgcombe_n sir_n william_n bromley_n sir_n thomas_n bridges_n sir_n thomas_n fanshaw_n sir_n john_n denham_n sir_n nicholas_n bacon_n sir_n james_n altham_n sir_n thomas_n wendy_n sir_n john_n bramston_n sir_n george_n freeman_n sir_n nicholas_n slane_v sir_n richard_n ingoldsby_n sir_n john_n rolle_n sir_n edward_n heath_n sir_n william_n morley_n sir_n john_n bennet_n sir_n hugh_n smith_n sir_n simon_n leech_n sir_n henry_n chester_n sir_n robert_n atkyns_n now_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a pleas._n sir_n robert_n gayre_a sir_n richard_n poll_n sir_n hugh_n ducy_n sir_n stephen_n hales_n sir_n ralph_n bash._n sir_n thomas_n whitmore_n of_o knights_z bachelor_n with_o what_o be_v incident_a to_o that_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n chap._n xxi_o the_o particular_a kind_n of_o service_n by_o which_o land_n of_o inheritance_n be_v distinguish_v be_v two_o viz._n knight_n of_o service_n and_o knight_n of_o soccage_n and_o in_o ancient_a time_n tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v call_v regale_n servitiâ—m_n because_o it_o be_v do_v to_o and_o for_o the_o king_n and_o realm_n and_o forinsecum_fw-la servitium_fw-la as_o appear_v in_o the_o 19_o edw._n 2._o avowry_n 224._o 26._o ass._n p._n 66._o 7._o hen._n 4._o 19_o coke_n seven_o part_n 8._o a._n calvin_n case_n because_o they_o who_o hold_v by_o escuage_z oughts_z to_z do_v and_o perform_v their_o service_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n litt._n 35._o &_o ideo_fw-la forinsecum_fw-la dici_fw-la potest_fw-la sit_fw-la quia_fw-la &_o capitur_fw-la foris_fw-la &_o hujusmodi_fw-la servitia_fw-la persolvuntur_fw-la ratione_fw-la tenementorum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la personarum_fw-la and_o as_o knights-service-land_n require_v the_o service_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o warfare_n and_o battle_n abroad_o so_o soccage-tenure_n command_v the_o attendance_n at_o the_o plough_n the_o one_o by_o manhood_n defend_v the_o king_n or_o his_o lord_n life_n and_o person_n the_o other_o by_o industry_n maintain_v with_o rent_n corn_n and_o victual_n his_o estate_n and_o family_n for_o king_n do_v thus_o order_v their_o own_o land_n and_o tenement_n one_o part_n they_o keep_v and_o detain_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o in_o they_o stately_a house_n and_o castle_n be_v erect_v and_o make_v for_o their_o habitation_n and_o defence_n of_o their_o person_n and_o of_o the_o realm_n also_o forest_n and_o park_n be_v there_o make_v for_o their_o majesty_n recreation_n one_o other_o part_n thereof_o be_v give_v to_o the_o noble_n and_o other_o of_o their_o chivalry_n reserve_v tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o three_o part_n be_v bestow_v upon_o man_n of_o mean_a condition_n and_o quality_n with_o reservation_n of_o soccage-tenure_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o duke_n and_o noble_n among_o their_o menial_n and_o follower_n dissipate_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o land_n viz._n to_o their_o gentleman_n of_o quality_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n and_o to_o other_o of_o mean_a condition_n by_o soccage-tenure_n the_o right_a honourable_a s._n joseph_n williams_z on_o of_o milbeck_n hall_n in_o cumberland_n knight_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o honourable_a sr._n robert_n atkins_n of_o totteridge_n in_o hertford_n shire_n and_o of_o sapperton_n in_o gloucester_n shire_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n and_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n &c_n &c_n a._n sr._n john_n bennet_n of_o dawly_n in_o mid_a sx_o kt._n of_o the_o honorable_n order_n of_o the_o bath_n lieutenant_n to_o his_o majesty_n band_n of_o gentleman_n pensioner_n and_o elder_a brother_n to_o the_o rt._n honorable_n henry_n earl_n of_o arlington_n who_o be_v first_o marry_v to_o elizabeth_n countess_n of_o mulgrave_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o mid_a sx_o and_o now_o to_o bridget_n how_o of_o the_o family_n of_o sr._n grubham_n howe_n sr._n robert_n southwell_n knight_n one_o of_o the_o clerk_n attend_v his_o majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o in_o his_o most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n &câ—t_a &câ—t_a sr._n hugh_n wyndham_n of_o silton_n in_o dorsetshire_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common_a plea_n at_o westminster_n eight_o sonn_v of_o s._n john_n wyndham_n of_o orchard-wyndham_n in_o somersetshire_n kt_n who_o be_v lineal_o descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o wyndhams_n of_o felbrigg_n in_o norfolk_n â—ownâ—r_v thereof_o sr._n thomas_n daniel_n of_o beswick_n in_o the_o east_n rideing_n of_o yorkshire_n kt._n major_a to_o his_o majesty_n regiment_n of_o foot_n guard_n and_o captain_n of_o his_o majesty_n archchiffe_n fort_n in_o dover_n sr._n thomas_n mompessonâ—_n ancient_o montpintsonâ—_n of_o bathampton_n in_o wiltshire_n knight_n a_o person_n of_o eminent_a loyalty_n and_o suffering_n in_o the_o late_a trouble_n who_o family_n have_v be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n in_o the_o say_a county_n sr._n thomas_n lynch_n of_o great_a sonkey_n in_o lancashire_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o matyâ—_n privy_a chamber_n in_o ordinary_a and_o late_a governor_n of_o his_o ma_n â—â—â—_o island_n of_o jamaica_n decend_v of_o the_o lincâ—â—s_n of_o grove_n in_o kent_n and_o be_v now_o marry_v to_o vere_n herbert_n 2_o daughter_n of_o sr._n edw_n herbert_n sometime_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o groâ—t_a seaâ—e_n sr._n william_n pelham_n of_o brocklesby_n in_o lincolnshire_n kt._n who_o grandfather_n sr._n william_n pelham_n of_o the_o say_a place_n kt._n who_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o pelham_n of_o langhtoniâ—â—_n sussex_v be_v employ_v under_o queen_n eliz_n in_o the_o office_n of_o l_o d_o chief_a justice_n of_o ireland_n martial_n of_o the_o english_a force_v sentinto_fw-la the_o love_fw-mi country_n mastâ—â—_n of_o her_o ordnanceâ—_n and_o one_o of_o her_o privy_a council_n sr_n thomas_n daviâ—s_v of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n knight_n ld._n maior_n thereof_o anno_fw-la 1677._o sr._n william_n prichard_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n kt._n and_o alderman_n now_o marry_v to_o sarah_n daughter_n of_o francis_n
domini_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la conferet_fw-la maritagium_fw-la suum_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o word_n can_v be_v understand_v when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n no_o more_o than_o when_o he_o be_v marry_v after_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n note_v hereby_o that_o the_o king_n may_v prevent_v his_o grantee_n or_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o double_a value_n by_o knighthood_n yet_o in_o such_o case_n present_o after_o the_o heir_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o lord_n may_v have_v a_o writ_n de_fw-fr valour_n maritagii_fw-la for_o the_o single_a also_o by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n if_o a_o villain_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n he_o be_v immediate_o enfranchise_v and_o if_o a_o ribald_a or_o a_o man_n of_o base_a birth_n and_o condition_n have_v strike_v a_o knight_n by_o the_o ancient_a law_n he_o shall_v have_v lose_v his_o hand_n wherewith_o he_o offend_v but_o in_o france_n it_o be_v ancient_o adjudge_v that_o when_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o villain_n have_v knight_v his_o villain_n be_v a_o gentleman_n he_o become_v free_a and_o have_v his_o honour_n lawful_o but_o if_o another_o lord_n have_v knight_v he_o nothing_o have_v be_v wrought_v by_o it_o for_o none_o can_v manumit_v he_o but_o his_o lord_n and_o till_o manumission_n or_o knighthood_n he_o have_v civil_a freedom_n for_o his_o ground_n but_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o it_o except_o by_o the_o king_n only_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o parliament_n in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la rex_fw-la vicecom_v etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la consensum_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la assensu_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la angliae_fw-la quod_fw-la novem_fw-la milites_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la invenient_fw-la decuriam_fw-la militum_fw-la bene_fw-la paratorum_fw-la aequis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la ad_fw-la defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la there_o have_v ever_o be_v and_o still_o be_v great_a use_n of_o the_o service_n of_o knight_n even_o in_o civil_a affair_n and_o concern_v matter_n of_o justice_n as_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n which_o be_v the_o high_a writ_n in_o law_n for_o trial_n of_o title_n touch_v the_o inheritance_n of_o land_n the_o tenant_n be_v at_o his_o election_n to_o have_v his_o trial_n by_o great_a assize_n or_o else_o by_o battle_n if_o by_o the_o great_a assize_n the_o writ_n de_fw-fr magna_fw-la assiza_n eligenda_fw-la shall_v be_v thus_o viz._n rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la salutem_fw-la etc._n etc._n summon_v as_o per_fw-mi bonos_fw-es summonitores_fw-la quatuor_fw-la legales_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la quod_fw-la sint_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la nostris_fw-la ad_fw-la primam_fw-la assizam_n cum_fw-la in_o part_n illas_fw-la venerint_fw-la ad_fw-la eligendum_fw-la super_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la suum_fw-la 12_o de_fw-fr militibus_fw-la de_fw-fr visum_fw-la de_fw-fr n._n qui_fw-la melius_fw-la sciant_fw-la &_o velint_fw-la dicere_fw-la veritatem_fw-la adfaciendam_fw-la recognitionem_fw-la magnae_fw-la assurae_fw-la inter_fw-la a._n petent_fw-la &_o b._n tenent_fw-la de_fw-fr uno_fw-la messuagio_fw-it cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la in_o n._n unde_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n qui_fw-la tenens_fw-la est_fw-la posuit_fw-la secum_fw-la magnam_fw-la ass._n nostram_fw-la &_o petit_fw-la recognitionem_fw-la fieri_fw-la utrum_fw-la eorum_fw-la habent_fw-la jus_o in_fw-la messuagium_fw-la praed_fw-we b._n qui_fw-la tunc_fw-la sit_fw-la ibi_fw-la auditurus_fw-la illam_fw-la electionem_fw-la &_o habeas_fw-la ibi_fw-la nomina_fw-la praed_fw-we milit_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la breve_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o this_o writ_n those_o four_o knight_n must_v appear_v gladiis_fw-la cuncti_fw-la dier_n 79._o fol._n 103._o if_o the_o tenant_n make_v his_o election_n by_o battle_n each_o party_n be_v to_o choose_v their_o champion_n and_o the_o court_n shall_v award_v the_o battle_n and_o the_o champion_n shall_v be_v at_o mainprize_n and_o swear_v to_o perform_v the_o battle_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o term_n and_o idem_fw-la dies_fw-la shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o party_n at_o which_o day_n and_o place_n a_o list_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o a_o even_a and_o plain_a ground_n there_o quadrant_a that_o be_v to_o say_v every_o way_n sixty_o foot_n square_a and_o the_o place_n or_o court_n for_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n without_o and_o upon_o the_o list_n furnish_v with_o the_o same_o clothes_n which_o belong_v to_o their_o court_n at_o westminster_n and_o a_o bar_n shall_v be_v there_o make_v for_o the_o sergeant_n at_o law_n and_o the_o robe_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o sergeant_n shall_v be_v of_o scarlet_n with_o their_o coif_n on_o as_o it_o be_v the_o thirteen_o of_o eliz._n and_o then_o be_v make_v proclamation_n with_o three_o o_o yes_o and_o the_o demandant_n first_o be_v solemn_o demand_v and_o do_v not_o appear_v whereupon_o the_o manuperor_n of_o the_o champion_n be_v demand_v to_o bring_v forth_o the_o champion_n of_o the_o demandant_n who_o come_v into_o the_o place_n apparel_v with_o red_a sandal_n upon_o his_o black_a armour_n bare_a legged_a from_o the_o knee_n downward_o and_o bear_v head_v and_o bare_a arm_n to_o the_o elbow_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o knight_n namely_o sir_n jerom_n bowes_n who_o carry_v a_o red_a battoon_n of_o a_o ell_n long_o tip_v with_o horn_n and_o a_o yeoman_n carry_v the_o target_n make_v of_o double_a leather_n and_o they_o be_v bring_v in_o at_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o list_n and_o go_v about_o the_o side_n of_o the_o list_n until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o list_n and_o then_o come_v towards_o the_o bar_n before_o the_o justice_n with_o three_o solemn_a congee_n and_o there_o be_v he_o make_v to_o stand_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o place_n be_v the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o court_n and_o after_o that_o the_o other_o champion_n be_v bring_v in_o in_o like_a manner_n at_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o list_n with_o like_a congee_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o sir_n henry_n chequie_n kt._n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v place_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o bar_n and_o two_o sergeant_n be_v of_o the_o counsel_n of_o each_o part_n in_o the_o midst_n between_o they_o this_o do_v the_o demandant_n be_v solemn_o call_v again_o and_o appear_v not_o but_o make_v default_n bowham_n sergeant_n for_o the_o tenant_n pray_v the_o court_n to_o record_v the_o nonsuit_n quod_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la and_o then_o dyer_n chief_a justice_n recite_v the_o writ_n and_o content_a and_o issue_n join_v upon_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o champion_n to_o perform_v it_o and_o the_o prefiction_n of_o this_o day_n and_o place_n do_v give_v final_a judgement_n against_o the_o demandant_n and_o that_o the_o tenant_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o the_o demandant_n and_o his_o pledge_n de_fw-fr prosequendo_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la reginae_fw-la and_o afterward_o solemn_a proclamation_n be_v make_v that_o the_o champion_n and_o all_o other_o there_o present_a which_o be_v by_o estimation_n above_o four_o thousand_o person_n may_v depart_v every_o man_n in_o the_o peace_n of_o god_n and_o the_o queen_n &_o sic_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la cum_fw-la magno_fw-la clamoro_fw-la vivat_fw-la regina_fw-la also_o if_o false_a judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o country_n which_o be_v the_o sheriff_n court_n than_o the_o writ_n shall_v be_v thus_o henricus_n etc._n etc._n vicecomiti_fw-la lincoln_n salutem_fw-la si_fw-la a._n fecerit_fw-la etc._n etc._n tum_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la nostrum_fw-la de_fw-la recto_fw-la inter_fw-la johannem_fw-la l._n petentem_fw-la &_o will._n b._n tenentem_fw-la de_fw-la uno_fw-la messuagio_fw-mi &_o centum_fw-la acris_fw-la terrae_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la in_o c._n unde_fw-la idem_fw-la i._n l._n queritur_fw-la falsum_fw-la sibi_fw-la factum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la &_o record_n illud_fw-la habeas_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la juris_fw-la apud_fw-la westminsterium_fw-la tali_fw-la die_fw-la sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la tuo_fw-la &_o per_fw-la quatuor_fw-la legales_fw-la milites_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la comitatus_fw-la &_o illos_fw-la qui_fw-la recordo_fw-la illi_fw-la interfuerunt_fw-la &_o summoneas_fw-la per_fw-la bonos_fw-es summonitores_fw-la praedictum_fw-la b._n quod_fw-la tunc_fw-la sit_fw-la ibi_fw-la auditurus_fw-la recordum_fw-la illud_fw-la &_o habeas_fw-la ibi_fw-la sua_fw-la nomina_fw-la quatuor_fw-la militum_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la breve_fw-la fitz._n nat._n brev._n itidem_fw-la e._n and_o those_o four_o must_v be_v knight_n indeed_o also_o the_o justice_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o usual_a word_n in_o every_o writ_n of_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la coram_fw-la etc._n etc._n duodecim_fw-la tum_fw-la milites_fw-la quam_fw-la alios_fw-la liberos_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la etc._n etc._n say_v that_o these_o word_n tum_fw-la milites_fw-la be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o put_v into_o the_o writ_n without_o effect_n plowden_n 117._o b._n for_o it_o seem_v that_o in_o diebus_fw-la
illis_fw-la some_o knight_n be_v return_v upon_o every_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 12._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseison_n and_o mortdancester_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v any_o where_o but_o within_o the_o country_n where_o they_o happen_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n vide_fw-la westminster_n 2._o chap._n 30._o and_o by_o the_o seven_o and_o twenty_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o chap._n 30._o de_fw-la finibus_fw-la levandis_fw-la among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o the_o utility_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o more_o assure_a conservation_n of_o the_o peace_n the_o justice_n assign_v to_o take_v assize_n in_o all_o shire_n where_o they_o take_v assize_n as_o it_o be_v ordain_v immediate_o after_o the_o assize_n take_v in_o the_o shire_n shall_v remain_v both_o together_o if_o they_o be_v lay_v and_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o clerk_n than_o one_o of_o the_o most_o discreet_a knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v associate_v unto_o he_o that_o be_v a_o layman_n by_o our_o writ_n shall_v deliver_v the_o goal_n of_o the_o shire_n as_o well_o within_o the_o liberty_n as_o without_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o prisoner_n after_o the_o form_n of_o the_o goal_n delivery_n of_o those_o shire_n beâ—ore_o time_n use_v also_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 21._o cap._n 38._o de_fw-la non_fw-la ponendis_fw-la in_o assizis_n &_o juratis_fw-la it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o say_a statute_n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o grand_a assize_n in_o which_o it_o behove_v many_o time_n knight_n to_o pass_v not_o resident_a in_o the_o county_n for_o the_o scarcity_n of_o knight_n so_o that_o they_o have_v land_n in_o the_o shire_n and_o by_o the_o law_n knight_n have_v land_n may_v be_v return_v upon_o jury_n in_o ordinary_a trial_n between_o party_n and_o party_n as_o other_o freeholder_n may_v be_v and_o therefore_o in_o a_o challenge_n to_o the_o great_a assize_n under_o edward_n the_o three_o one_o be_v challenge_v pour_fw-fr ceo_fw-la qu'il_fw-fr fait_fw-fr abaner_n or_o as_o the_o abridgement_n have_v it_o a_o baronet_n but_o it_o be_v not_o allow_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v give_v car_n s'il_fw-fr soit_fw-fr à _fw-fr banner_n &_o ne_fw-fr tient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr per_fw-la barony_n il_fw-fr serra_fw-mi en_fw-fr l'assise_n of_o the_o double_a parity_n of_o england_n that_o be_v of_o baron_n and_o all_o dignity_n above_o they_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o all_o other_o under_o they_o be_v peer_n among_o themselves_o for_o notwithstanding_o that_o dignity_n of_o knighthood_n they_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o commons_o and_o we_o daily_o see_v that_o knight_n do_v serve_v in_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o the_o commonalty_n nevertheless_o the_o sheriff_n in_o his_o discretion_n will_v not_o impannel_v knight_n but_o in_o special_a and_o great_a cause_n as_o in_o case_n of_o indictment_n of_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n they_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v and_o find_v by_o knight_n and_o esquire_n though_o their_o trial_n shall_v be_v only_o by_o their_o peer_n and_o in_o 38_o hen._n 8._o henry_n howard_n earl_n of_o surrey_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n and_o be_v try_v also_o by_o knight_n esquire_n and_o gentleman_n and_o not_o by_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n because_o he_o be_v not_o of_o that_o dignity_n by_o creation_n since_o the_o use_n of_o make_v every_o earl_n first_o a_o baron_n of_o some_o place_n which_o begin_v as_o most_o writer_n treat_v about_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o it_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n to_o style_v their_o heir_n apparent_a lord_n and_o baron_n with_o the_o title_n of_o their_o father_n barony_n when_o viscount_n or_o baron_n heir_n apparent_a be_v only_o style_v esquire_n but_o this_o be_v only_o a_o piece_n of_o civility_n and_o of_o mere_a fashion_n yet_o it_o be_v allow_v of_o in_o heraldry_n with_o who_o the_o rule_n be_v that_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o every_o one_o of_o a_o create_a degree_n be_v as_o of_o the_o next_o degree_n under_o he_o which_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o duke_n earls_z and_o the_o like_a but_o in_o legal_a proceed_n they_o enjoy_v no_o such_o matter_n nor_o have_v by_o their_o be_v heir_n apparent_a any_o prerogative_n of_o the_o great_a nobillty_n and_o in_o case_n where_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v party_n plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n in_o any_o action_n or_o suit_n if_o the_o sheriff_n do_v not_o return_v one_o knight_n at_o the_o least_o to_o be_v of_o the_o jury_n the_o say_v noble_a person_n may_v challenge_v and_o for_o that_o only_a cause_n quash_n the_o whole_a panel_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o carlisle_n 15_o edw._n 2._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o he_o who_o levy_v a_o fine_a shall_v appear_v in_o proper_a person_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o his_o age_n idiocy_n or_o other_o defect_n may_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o judge_n nevertheless_o upon_o impotency_n whereby_o he_o can_v come_v in_o court_n two_o or_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o justice_n shall_v go_v unto_o he_o and_o take_v his_o recognizance_n and_o if_o but_o one_o of_o they_o go_v he_o shall_v take_v a_o knight_n with_o he_o and_o shall_v certify_v it_o in_o the_o bench_n of_o record_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o all_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o fine_a be_v examine_v by_o they_o and_o then_o the_o fine_a may_v be_v levy_v but_o after_o this_o good_a statute_n a_o worse_a custom_n and_o use_n have_v come_v in_o place_n for_o by_o a_o dedimus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la out_o of_o chancery_n to_o one_o knight_n and_o to_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o county_n in_o such_o case_n be_v procure_v and_o direct_v to_o a_o knight_n and_o two_o other_o who_o perhaps_o be_v neither_o knight_n nor_o justice_n but_o perhaps_o man_n of_o small_a estimation_n and_o unto_o two_o or_o three_o of_o they_o without_o say_v quorum_fw-la the_o knight_n shall_v be_v one_o and_o two_o of_o they_o without_o the_o knight_n have_v take_v the_o recognizance_n of_o the_o fine_a ibid._n 101._o b._n but_o great_a prejudice_n this_o practice_n of_o omit_v the_o interpose_v of_o the_o usual_a service_n of_o knight_n in_o this_o behalf_n have_v be_v to_o many_o and_o scandalous_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n they_o sometime_o take_v recognizance_n of_o a_o fine_a from_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n as_o if_o she_o be_v sole_a and_o many_o time_n acknowledge_v by_o justice_n if_o a_o tenant_n do_v lay_v a_o essoin_fw-fr de_fw-fr morbo_fw-la lecti_fw-la he_o may_v have_v a_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o warrant_v it_o by_o which_o it_o shall_v be_v command_v to_o four_o knight_n to_o view_v he_o and_o if_o they_o see_v he_o sick_a than_o they_o be_v to_o give_v he_o day_n to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n note_v the_o register_n fol._n 177._o b._n quod_fw-la coronator_n non_fw-la elegatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la mile_n in_o etc._n etc._n juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la westm._fw-la 1._o cap._n 10._o it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o knight_n be_v excuse_v from_o attendance_n at_o leet_n and_o britton_n 29._o &_o 36._o be_v cite_v to_o prove_v it_o and_o by_o a_o large_a understanding_n of_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n chap._n 10._o for_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n have_v such_o respect_n to_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n that_o they_o nor_o their_o elder_a son_n be_v compel_v to_o find_v pledge_n in_o the_o leet_n or_o law-day_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n aforesaid_a be_v not_o introductiva_fw-la novae_fw-la legis_fw-la for_o it_o be_v before_o the_o conquest_n and_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o by_o this_o statute_n abridge_v and_o by_o the_o book_n call_v the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n mention_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o coke_n nine_o part_n it_o be_v say_v that_o knight_n be_v except_v and_o so_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o practice_n be_v as_o well_o before_o as_o immediate_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n and_o interpretatio_fw-la practica_fw-la be_v a_o principal_a way_n and_o form_n of_o interpretation_n of_o law_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n of_o postnati_n fol._n 58._o and_o in_o divinity_n praxis_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la est_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la praeceptorum_fw-la ibid._n 66._o but_o a_o knight_n and_o all_o superior_n and_o inferior_n be_v bind_v by_o law_n to_o attend_v the_o county_n or_o sheriff_n court_n wherein_o he_o dwell_v and_o at_o his_o peril_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o proceed_n thereof_o for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v outlaw_v of_o felony_n at_o a_o county_n court_n and_o one_o of_o the_o same_o county_n not_o
empire_n be_v maintain_v thus_o be_v poland_n preserve_v from_o the_o power_n of_o the_o turk_n and_o by_o this_o very_a way_n be_v our_o king_n ancient_o guard_v their_o castle_n defend_v their_o force_n for_o conquest_n as_o well_o as_o defence_n muster_v up_o viz._n by_o knight_n service_n as_o our_o history_n and_o law_n book_n sufficient_o demonstrate_v of_o captain_n general_n marshal_n and_o other_o chief_a commander_n a_o army_n may_v be_v provide_v a_o navy_n rig_v man_v and_o equip_v but_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o difficult_a task_n be_v to_o find_v a_o generalissimo_n worthy_a of_o command_n one_o upon_o who_o conduct_n the_o hope_n of_o the_o war_n depend_v i_o mean_v not_o in_o the_o force_n of_o his_o person_n but_o in_o his_o knowledge_n in_o military_a affair_n in_o his_o magnanimity_n which_o comprehend_v the_o four_o cardinal_n virtue_n viz._n prudence_n justice_n temperance_n and_o fortitude_n in_o his_o authority_n and_o in_o his_o disposition_n to_o engage_v the_o affection_n of_o his_o soldier_n without_o which_o they_o will_v hardly_o be_v bring_v to_o do_v he_o honour_n nor_o their_o king_n and_o country_n good_a service_n as_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o several_a example_n be_v it_o convenient_a it_o behove_v a_o general_n not_o only_o to_o conduct_v his_o army_n but_o careful_o to_o provide_v for_o they_o provision_n as_o well_o as_o ammunition_n and_o to_o show_v himself_o prudent_a patient_a cautious_a and_o liberal_a unto_o they_o endeavour_v to_o gain_v by_o love_n what_o he_o may_v command_v from_o they_o by_o power_n and_o this_o make_v homer_n to_o call_v agamemnon_n a_o pastor_n of_o people_n because_o he_o careful_o look_v after_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o army_n theodosius_n the_o emperor_n do_v not_o command_v the_o mean_a of_o his_o soldier_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n but_o that_o he_o himself_o will_v sometime_o do_v and_o antonius_n do_v sometime_o march_v on_o foot_n and_o carry_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o general_a ensign_n of_o the_o army_n which_o be_v very_o ponderous_a to_o show_v that_o his_o soldier_n shall_v not_o refuse_v to_o undergo_v any_o labour_n that_o shall_v be_v require_v from_o they_o among_o the_o many_o good_a property_n require_v in_o a_o general_n nothing_o be_v more_o commendable_a than_o liberality_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a covetousness_n as_o much_o detestable_a for_o hard_a it_o be_v to_o attend_v the_o affair_n of_o war_n and_o be_v overmuch_o in_o love_n with_o money_n yet_o that_o commander_n who_o with_o honour_n and_o good_a conscience_n can_v attain_v to_o wealth_n be_v not_o to_o be_v dislike_v for_o thereby_o he_o may_v upon_o a_o emergent_a occasion_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o a_o necessitate_a army_n and_o that_o general_n be_v most_o to_o be_v esteem_v who_o as_o a_o soldier_n know_v how_o to_o offend_v his_o enemy_n to_o govern_v his_o own_o force_n patient_o to_o suffer_v want_n and_o to_o endure_v labour_n heat_n and_o cold_a for_o sometime_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o who_o have_v authority_n to_o command_v want_v another_o to_o command_v he_o for_o want_v of_o true_a knowledge_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o belong_v unto_o his_o office_n for_o it_o be_v more_o difficult_a for_o a_o general_n or_o commander_n to_o know_v what_o belong_v unto_o he_o than_o to_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o that_o place_n see_v that_o skill_n must_v precede_v action_n and_o use_v go_v before_o commandment_n it_o be_v expedient_a for_o all_o prince_n and_o commander_n to_o be_v well_o read_v in_o history_n and_o principal_o those_o that_o concern_v the_o action_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o this_o as_o some_o believe_v cause_v king_n edward_n the_o three_o when_o he_o make_v war_n against_o robert_n the_o second_o king_n of_o scot_n to_o order_v a_o certain_a monk_n to_o attend_v he_o in_o that_o expedition_n to_o write_v down_o all_o the_o action_n of_o that_o enterprise_n mahomet_n the_o second_o emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n endeavour_v much_o to_o know_v the_o history_n of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o give_v liberal_o unto_o one_o john_n maria_n of_o vincenza_n to_o write_v the_o victory_n he_o obtain_v against_o vssancassan_n king_n of_o persia._n much_o more_o praise_n and_o honour_n be_v due_a unto_o those_o commander_n that_o by_o long_a service_n and_o due_a degree_n of_o war_n have_v deserve_v the_o title_n appertain_v unto_o arm_n and_o bear_v about_o they_o the_o scar_n and_o mark_n of_o true_a valour_n a_o general_n of_o horse_n according_a to_o plato_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n the_o praefecti_fw-la or_o great_a commander_n be_v elect_v by_o those_o soldier_n that_o bare_a target_n the_o tribuni_fw-la militum_fw-la have_v their_o advancement_n by_o the_o voice_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o other_o captain_n or_o commander_n of_o a_o low_a quality_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o chief_a general_n and_o that_o person_n that_o in_o service_n be_v most_o painful_a in_o action_n most_o industrious_a in_o peril_n most_o resolute_a in_o counsel_n most_o provident_a and_o in_o execution_n most_o quick_a be_v by_o the_o chieftain_n elect_v for_o their_o emperor_n leo_fw-la the_o emperor_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v the_o preparation_n for_o war_n speak_v of_o the_o election_n of_o a_o general_n sai_z that_o to_o know_v the_o generosity_n of_o a_o horse_n or_o a_o dog_n we_o have_v regard_n to_o his_o proper_a operation_n rather_o than_o to_o the_o dam_n or_o sire_n which_o beget_v he_o even_o so_o the_o nobleness_n of_o a_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o his_o proper_a valour_n and_o virtue_n and_o not_o by_o the_o blood_n of_o those_o that_o bring_v he_o into_o the_o world_n neither_o of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o ancestor_n which_o ofttimes_o degenerate_v i_o confess_v to_o aim_v more_o at_o the_o nobleness_n of_o the_o blood_n than_o at_o the_o necessary_a virtue_n of_o the_o person_n choose_v be_v a_o dangerous_a error_n in_o time_n of_o action_n and_o prove_v fatal_a to_o phocas_n the_o emperor_n when_o he_o send_v his_o nephew_n manicel_v against_o the_o saracen_n be_v a_o young_a man_n of_o no_o experience_n yet_o stubborn_a in_o his_o resolve_n who_o contrary_a to_o the_o vote_n of_o his_o council_n of_o war_n follow_v his_o enemy_n till_o he_o be_v draw_v by_o they_o into_o certain_a straits_n and_o hem_v in_o and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o army_n slay_v fazelli_n lib._n 6._o dec._n 2._o hist._n sicili_n a_o charge_n of_o so_o grand_a a_o import_n ought_v therefore_o to_o be_v bestow_v upon_o a_o worthy_a person_n who_o virtue_n have_v be_v try_v in_o time_n of_o trouble_n one_o if_o to_o be_v find_v who_o conduct_n have_v be_v crown_v with_o success_n the_o commander_n who_o helmet_n have_v be_v usual_o canopy_v with_o the_o plume_n of_o victory_n will_v not_o quick_o be_v forsake_v of_o his_o soldier_n in_o the_o uttermost_a extremity_n they_o still_o expect_v the_o same_o fortune_n shall_v attend_v he_o as_o julius_n caesar_n oftentimes_o experience_v nor_o be_v it_o a_o easy_a task_n to_o engage_v a_o enemy_n against_o he_o upon_o equal_a term_n a_o experience_a liberal_a and_o tender_a affectionative_n general_n to_o his_o soldier_n be_v then_o the_o man_n and_o the_o more_o illustrious_a by_o birth_n the_o better_a equality_n cause_v emulation_n which_o some_o convert_n to_o envy_n and_o that_o oftentimes_o end_v in_o inveterate_a malice_n never_o have_v we_o be_v more_o fortunate_a than_o in_o our_o royal_a army_n when_o we_o have_v have_v a_o king_n or_o a_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n the_o head_n thereof_o witness_v our_o victory_n in_o palestine_n and_o cyprus_n under_o king_n richard_n our_o many_o victorious_a henries_n and_o edward_n the_o battle_n of_o cressey_n poitiers_n and_o agincourt_n our_o grand_a victory_n at_o sea_n in_o the_o dutch_a war_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o his_o royal_a highness_n james_n duke_n of_o york_n nor_o be_v we_o at_o present_a destitute_a of_o captain_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a which_o be_v endow_v with_o all_o virtue_n and_o princely_a quality_n requisite_a for_o so_o great_a employ_v let_v i_o but_o mention_v his_o royal_a highness_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n and_o all_o christendom_n will_v second_v i_o to_o his_o eternal_a fame_n that_o neither_o alexander_n caesar_n nor_o any_o other_o old_a captain_n show_v great_a courage_n or_o skill_n pass_v through_o great_a peril_n by_o land_n or_o sea_n than_o he_o have_v do_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o person_n in_o europe_n that_o can_v just_o dispute_v for_o glory_n with_o he_o or_o who_o life_n have_v be_v so_o illustrious_a let_v we_o but_o consider_v how_o that_o at_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n he_o have_v trace_v most_o part_n of_o christendom_n to_o encounter_v glorious_a action_n that_o since_o he_o have_v be_v engage_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o combat_n wherein_o he_o have_v be_v conqueror_n
that_o he_o have_v appear_v magnanimous_a in_o campaign_n leguer_n battle_n and_o seiges_n by_o land_n in_o the_o most_o furious_a and_o dreadful_a sea_n fight_v in_o which_o he_o have_v give_v life_n to_o some_o enemy_n and_o take_v it_o from_o other_o his_o escape_v such_o hazard_n and_o pass_v by_o domestic_a broil_n with_o a_o princely_a scorn_n will_v half_o persuade_v a_o credulous_a person_n that_o he_o have_v evade_v the_o time_n of_o die_v and_o that_o for_o the_o world_n be_v general_a good_a it_o be_v decree_v he_o shall_v endure_v as_o long_o as_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n to_o support_v the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o british_a monarchy_n in_o the_o person_n of_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o and_o his_o lawful_a successor_n the_o effige_n of_o the_o right_n noble_a george_n late_a duke_n of_o albemarle_n earl_n of_o torrington_n baron_n monk_n of_o potheridgeâ—_n beauchamp_n and_o teys_n knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n lord_n leiutenant_n of_o devonshire_n captain_n general_n of_o all_o his_o majesty_n land_n force_v joint_n admiral_n with_o his_o highness_n prince_n rupert_n in_o the_o last_o dutch_a warrâ—_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o his_o majesty_n treasuryâ—_n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o bedchamber_n &_o one_o of_o the_o lds_n of_o his_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a._n edw._n le_fw-fr davis_n sculp_v thus_o in_o a_o victor_n garland_n oft_o we_o see_v laurel_n with_o cypress_n intermix_v be_v but_o i_o can_v lose_v myself_o in_o the_o admiration_n of_o these_o object_n be_v i_o not_o again_o surprise_v by_o the_o late_a generous_a and_o noble_a exploit_n of_o the_o heroic_a prince_n james_n duke_n oâ—_n monmouth_n who_o brave_a spirit_n disdain_v to_o be_v confine_v to_o the_o ease_n of_o a_o court_n life_n contemn_v the_o soft_a pleasure_n of_o peace_n seek_v out_o danger_n abroad_o make_v bellona_n his_o mistress_n deâ—ies_n death_n in_o his_o ascent_n to_o honour_n and_o thus_o immortalize_v his_o name_n throughout_o christendom_n by_o his_o valour_n and_o conduct_n at_o mastricht_n in_o anno_fw-la 1673._o to_o affect_v glory_n in_o youth_n be_v become_v a_o royal_a birth_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o victory_n be_v a_o happy_a omen_n of_o future_a success_n in_o a_o long_a progress_n of_o time_n a_o coward_n may_v become_v a_o conqueror_n some_o other_o from_o mean_a adventure_n pass_v through_o gross_a error_n grow_v to_o experience_n and_o in_o time_n perform_v great_a exploit_n but_o as_o there_o be_v few_o river_n navigable_a from_o their_o first_o fountain_n so_o be_v such_o man_n doubtless_o very_o rare_a and_o singular_a who_o have_v not_o any_o need_n either_o of_o growth_n or_o year_n nor_o be_v subject_a either_o to_o the_o order_n of_o time_n or_o rule_n of_o nature_n proceed_v brave_a prince_n in_o the_o path_n you_o have_v so_o fair_o trace_v out_o and_o let_v the_o world_n see_v your_o renown_a valour_n of_o a_o low_a orb_n we_o may_v just_o boast_v of_o our_o english_a fabius_n general_n monk_n who_o so_o wise_o weary_v out_o lambert_n by_o his_o delay_n and_o cajole_v the_o rebellious_a rump_n parliament_n he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a valour_n experience_n and_o prudence_n who_o loyalty_n and_o conduct_n have_v give_v he_o a_o never_o die_a fame_n to_o be_v celebrate_v by_o the_o pen_n and_o tongue_n of_o all_o good_a subject_n whilst_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n last_v his_o exploit_n be_v true_o great_a his_o success_n in_o his_o conduct_n renown_v with_o too_o many_o victory_n to_o be_v here_o insert_v let_v it_o suffice_v to_o say_v he_o be_v breed_v a_o soldier_n and_o after_o the_o many_o risk_n of_o fortune_n get_v the_o art_n to_o manage_v that_o fickle_a lady_n so_o well_o that_o he_o triumph_v over_o his_o foe_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o good_a politician_n the_o trusty_a old_a cushai_n confound_v the_o counsel_n of_o achitophel_n to_o preserve_v his_o royal_a master_n and_o be_v the_o bless_a instrument_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v most_o happy_a restauration_n to_o his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n and_o the_o kingdom_n to_o its_o pristine_a law_n and_o liberty_n secure_v to_o himself_o and_o posterity_n that_o well_o purchase_a title_n of_o the_o most_o high_a potent_n and_o noble_a prince_n george_n duke_n of_o albemarle_n earl_n of_o torrington_n baron_fw-fr monk_n of_o potheridge_n beauchamp_n and_o teys_n beside_o which_o hereditary_a title_n he_o be_v knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n and_o captain_n general_n of_o all_o his_o majesty_n force_n during_o life_n a_o honour_n and_o office_n scarce_o ever_o before_o entrust_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o subject_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o live_v the_o darling_n of_o his_o country_n dear_o belove_v of_o his_o majesty_n and_o all_o the_o royal_a stem_n and_o dreadful_a to_o our_o foreign_a and_o homebred_a foe_n but_o lade_v with_o love_n honour_n and_o year_n he_o yield_v up_o his_o life_n to_o the_o hand_n of_o he_o that_o give_v it_o and_o depart_v in_o peace_n the_o three_o day_n of_o january_n anno_fw-la dom._n 16_o 69_o 70._o lament_v by_o all_o good_a subject_n post_fw-la funera_fw-la virtus_fw-la we_o have_v many_o more_o that_o by_o experience_n and_o conquest_n be_v very_o well_o know_v to_o be_v eminent_a warrior_n who_o noble_a act_n be_v enough_o to_o fill_v large_a volume_n and_o who_o worthy_a achievement_n will_v be_v record_v in_o the_o history_n of_o that_o age_n for_o a_o encouragement_n to_o posterity_n the_o effigy_n of_o some_o of_o which_o i_o have_v here_o lively_o represent_v to_o your_o view_n the_o effigy_n of_o ye._n right_a honorable_n charles_n earl_n of_o carlisle_z viscount_n morpeth_n baron_fw-fr dacres_n of_o gillsland_n lord_n leiutenant_n of_o cumberland_n &_o westmoreland_n vice_n admiral_n of_o ye._n county_n of_o northâ—mberland_n camberland_n westmoreland_n the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n the_o town_n &_o county_n of_o newcastle_n &_o maritin_n part_n there_o adjacent_a &_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a_o abra._n blâ—thing_n sculp_v the_o effige_n of_o the_o right_a honorable_n william_n earl_n of_o craven_n viscount_n craven_n of_o vffington_n baron_n craven_n of_o hampsted-marshall_n lord_n leiutenant_n of_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n and_o borough_n of_o southwark_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n &_o ca._n this_o portraiture_n be_v in_o memory_n of_o bertram_n ashburnham_n of_o ashburnham_n in_o sussex_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n harold_n be_v warden_n of_o the_o cinqueport_n constable_n of_o dover_n and_o sheriff_n of_o the_o say_a county_n and_o be_v a_o person_n in_o so_o great_a power_n at_o the_o land_n of_o william_n the_o congueror_n king_n harold_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o north_n send_v he_o a_o letter_n to_o raise_v all_o the_o force_n under_o his_o command_n to_o withstand_v the_o invador_fw-la and_o when_o the_o king_n camâ—_n up_o to_o oppose_v yâ—_z conqueror_n the_o say_a bertram_n who_o have_v a_o eminent_a command_n in_o the_o battle_n receive_v so_o many_o wound_n that_o soon_o after_o he_o die_v thereof_o and_o since_o which_o time_n through_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n the_o say_a family_n in_o a_o direct_a male_a line_n have_v ever_o since_o continue_v at_o ashburnham_n aforesaid_a and_o be_v the_o present_a possessor_n thereof_o edw_n le_fw-fr davis_n sculp_v the_o second_o part_n or_o honour_n civil_a and_o treat_v of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n chap._n i._n of_o honour_n general_n and_o particular_a honour_n be_v the_o reward_n of_o virtue_n as_o infamy_n the_o recompense_n of_o vice_n and_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o mount_v her_o footstep_n as_o natural_o all_o man_n in_o some_o degree_n or_o other_o be_v addict_v unto_o must_v arrive_v thereunto_o by_o the_o way_n of_o virtue_n which_o be_v strict_o observe_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o dignity_n by_o birth_n be_v not_o enough_o to_o advance_v they_o thereunto_o if_o they_o be_v not_o endow_v with_o heroick_n and_o virtuous_a qualification_n and_o honour_n shall_v be_v a_o testimony_n of_o their_o excellency_n therein_o some_o learned_a writer_n say_v that_o honour_n consist_v in_o exterior_a sign_n and_o aristotle_n call_v it_o maximum_fw-la bonorum_fw-la exteriorum_fw-la other_o say_v it_o be_v a_o certain_a reverence_n in_o testimony_n of_o virtue_n honour_n be_v of_o great_a esteem_n than_o silver_n or_o gold_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v prize_v above_o all_o earthly_a treasure_n and_o for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o youth_n to_o virtuous_a achievement_n the_o roman_n be_v no_o more_o slack_a in_o their_o reward_n and_o badge_n of_o honour_n than_o they_o be_v in_o their_o punishment_n