declaration_n in_o our_o law_n as_o the_o form_n be_v now_o use_v but_o contain_v both_o cause_n in_o it_o beside_o there_o be_v other_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o form_n use_v in_o the_o plead_n and_o declaration_n of_o both_o the_o law_n which_o will_v be_v too_o long_o and_o tedious_a to_o recite_v the_o next_o difference_n be_v in_o the_o process_n process_n 3._o the_o three_o difference_n in_o the_o award_v of_o process_n award_v in_o both_o the_o law_n concern_v the_o award_v of_o process_n we_o find_v that_o with_o we_o in_o personal_a action_n i_o mean_v in_o many_o of_o they_o join_v statute_n law_n and_o common_a law_n together_o law_n in_o action_n personal_a more_o process_n and_o delay_n permit_v by_o our_o law_n than_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v common_o award_v if_o the_o suit_n be_v commence_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n summons_n attachment_n distress_n three_o capias_fw-la with_o a_o exigent_n at_o the_o last_o whereby_o the_o king_n have_v title_n for_o the_o party_n contumacy_n to_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n so_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v now_o remedy_n by_o accident_n only_o and_o if_o the_o defendant_n appear_v and_o reverse_v the_o outlary_n or_o get_v pardon_n and_o so_o answer_v etc._n etc._n which_o be_v a_o long_a time_n before_o this_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v and_o by_o this_o mean_v this_o suit_n may_v depend_v long_o yet_o the_o defendant_n never_o convent_v but_o at_o two_o or_o three_o year_n end_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v be_v drive_v to_o declare_v anew_o as_o if_o he_o have_v but_o then_o begin_v his_o suit_n but_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o the_o pandect_n show_v we_o and_o wesenbech_n affirm_v the_o term_n to_o be_v now_o in_o the_o empire_n post_fw-la absentiam_fw-la adversarii_fw-la petat_fw-la quis_fw-la edictum_fw-la primum_fw-la mox_fw-la alterum_fw-la per_fw-la intervallum_fw-la non_fw-la minus_fw-la decem_fw-la dierum_fw-la &_o tertium_fw-la quibus_fw-la propositis_fw-la tunc_fw-la peremptoriè_fw-la impetret_fw-la quod_fw-la inde_fw-la hoc_fw-la nomen_fw-la sumpsit_fw-la quod_fw-la perimeret_fw-la disceptationem_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la ultra_fw-la non_fw-la pateretur_fw-la adversarium_fw-la tergiversari_fw-la then_o if_o the_o defendant_n appear_v at_o the_o day_n give_v he_o by_o the_o peremptory_a edict_n law_n no_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n at_o the_o civil_a law_n or_o if_o he_o do_v not_o the_o matter_n shall_v be_v discuss_v and_o judgement_n give_v for_o he_o who_o part_n shall_v be_v find_v best_a but_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n appear_v not_o than_o nothing_o shall_v be_v do_v but_o circumducendum_fw-la erit_fw-la edictum_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la and_o the_o peremptory_a edict_n may_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v grant_v at_o the_o first_o by_o the_o same_o authority_n so_o that_o law_n the_o interest_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n less_o subject_a to_o prejudice_v in_o action_n personal_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n than_o by_o our_o law_n hereby_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o party_n who_o have_v right_a be_v less_o subject_a to_o prejudice_v by_o that_o law_n than_o by_o we_o and_o this_o course_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v not_o admit_v so_o much_o delay_v as_o do_v our_o common_a law_n for_o by_o our_o law_n in_o such_o case_n where_o no_o outlawry_n lie_v in_o personal_a action_n there_o the_o process_n of_o distress_n go_v out_o infinite_o and_o then_o be_v there_o no_o end_n of_o the_o suit_n as_o in_o per_fw-la quae_fw-la servicia_fw-la quae_fw-la juris_fw-la clamat_fw-la and_o such_o like_a wherein_o it_o be_v true_a that_o our_o law_n severe_o punish_v the_o party_n which_o so_o much_o show_v contumacy_n to_o the_o law_n yet_o do_v it_o no_o good_a or_o very_a little_a to_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o his_o satisfaction_n but_o there_o be_v another_o difference_n that_o in_o action_n altogether_o real_a as_o entry_n escheat_n right_o dower_n and_o such_o like_a the_o remedy_n allow_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v far_o better_a for_o in_o they_o if_o at_o the_o day_n appoint_v upon_o the_o first_o summons_n the_o party_n make_v default_n and_o the_o quarto_fw-la diepost_n be_v past_a then_o be_v there_o a_o grand_a cape_n to_o take_v his_o land_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v it_o from_o the_o king_n by_o judgement_n if_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o come_v to_o replevy_v it_o by_o oath_n that_o he_o be_v not_o summon_v according_a to_o the_o law_n or_o such_o like_a always_o remember_v that_o essoyne_v upon_o just_a occasion_n may_v herein_o breed_v much_o delay_n and_o herein_o be_v there_o much_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o our_o law_n for_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n upon_o their_o peremptory_a edict_n notwithstanding_o the_o defendant_n real_a a_o main_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o proceed_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o action_n real_a do_v not_o appear_v the_o right_n shall_v be_v examine_v and_o thereupon_o judgement_n give_v but_o with_o we_o upon_o the_o default_n at_o the_o grand_a cape_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n by_o judgement_n although_o the_o right_a be_v not_o examine_v as_o also_o upon_o the_o appearance_n if_o by_o oath_n he_o can_v save_v the_o first_o default_n likewise_o if_o he_o once_o appear_v and_o afterward_o make_v default_n before_o judgement_n give_v there_o must_v be_v a_o petit_fw-fr cape_n award_v at_o which_o writ_n return_v if_o he_o do_v not_o save_v the_o first_o default_n there_o shall_v be_v judgement_n give_v against_o he_o that_o all_o this_o be_v ancient_a law_n may_v be_v see_v in_o bractons_n treatise_n the_o defaltis_n so_o that_o in_o personal_a action_n the_o civil_a england_n in_o personal_a action_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v more_o severe_a but_o in_o real_a more_o remiss_a than_o our_o law_n of_o england_n law_n have_v a_o more_o severe_a and_o speedy_a course_n for_o recovery_n than_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n but_o in_o real_a action_n it_o be_v somewhat_o more_o remiss_a or_o at_o the_o lest_o we_o be_v more_o severe_a for_o the_o last_o difference_n speak_v of_o betwixt_o judgement_n 4._o the_o last_o difference_n be_v in_o the_o give_n and_o execution_n of_o judgement_n these_o law_n which_o be_v for_o the_o give_v of_o judgement_n and_o execution_n upon_o the_o same_o in_o real_a action_n be_v in_o rem_fw-la although_o the_o form_n and_o circumstance_n thereof_o may_v be_v divers_a yet_o in_o these_o real_a action_n quoad_fw-la substantiam_fw-la &_o effectum_fw-la the_o difference_n be_v not_o very_o great_a for_o both_o law_n must_v make_v execution_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n though_o perchance_o not_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o for_o personal_a action_n it_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o course_n of_o ancient_a and_o present_a time_n that_o for_o debt_n ever_o since_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n and_o damage_n and_o account_n ever_o since_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o time_n in_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n ever_o since_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o his_o time_n and_o in_o all_o action_n personal_a execution_n against_o the_o person_n after_o judgement_n by_o our_o law_n in_o action_n personal_a where_o capias_fw-la lie_v in_o the_o process_n before_o judgement_n there_o capias_fw-la ad_fw-la satisfaciendum_fw-la lie_v after_o judgement_n to_o put_v the_o party_n in_o prison_n for_o execution_n than_o the_o which_o although_o a_o more_o rigorous_a law_n be_v by_o the_o 12_o table_n whereby_o corpus_fw-la inter_fw-la creditores_fw-la secari_fw-la licebat_fw-la whereof_o rivallius_n say_v a_o example_n be_v not_o read_v in_o any_o history_n or_o other_o book_n yet_o afterward_o by_o their_o lex_fw-la petilia_n it_o be_v decree_v as_o livy_n report_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v for_o debt_n nervo_fw-la aut_fw-la compedibus_fw-la vinctus_fw-la which_o notwithstanding_o be_v use_v sometime_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o usurer_n and_o therefore_o sometime_o renew_v by_o the_o law_n portia_n sempronia_n popilia_n and_o other_o whereby_o terga_fw-la civium_fw-la be_v make_v tanquam_fw-la sacrosancta_fw-la also_o by_o the_o lex_fw-la julia_n if_o the_o debtor_n will_v leave_v his_o good_n his_o body_n be_v free_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o same_o report_v in_o the_o code_n but_o this_o law_n hottoman_n think_v not_o to_o extend_v unto_o banquerupt_v or_o such_o as_o be_v non_fw-la solvendo_fw-la by_o their_o own_o default_n but_o by_o the_o anthentiques_n and_o latin_a law_n if_o etc._n the_o civil_a law_n more_o mild_a of_o latter_a time_n than_o we_o for_o execution_n against_o one_o person_n in_o debt_n etc._n etc._n a_o man_n be_v poor_a by_o some_o external_a misfortune_n and_o not_o by_o his_o own_o mean_n if_o he_o will_v ejurare_fw-la copiam_fw-la bonam_fw-la he_o need_v not_o leave_v his_o good_n for_o his_o creditor_n nor_o subject_n himself_o to_o prison_n which_o be_v so_o mild_a a_o law_n towards_o debtor_n that_o it_o have_v no_o proportion_n
upon_o a_o estate-tayle_n and_o to_o destroy_v perpetuity_n which_o no_o other_o conveyance_n do_v as_o a_o fine_a be_v use_v to_o bar_v estranger_n that_o pretend_v right_a of_o possession_n or_o action_n which_o no_o other_o conveyance_n can_v do_v conveyance_n of_o land_n by_o will_n or_o first_o conveyance_n of_o land_n by_o will_n how_o it_o stand_v at_o first_o last_o testament_n in_o ancient_a time_n be_v only_o in_o such_o ancient_a city_n and_o borough_n which_o special_o prescribe_v for_o the_o same_o and_o that_o the_o land_n be_v devisable_v by_o custom_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n within_o this_o realm_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o this_o kind_n of_o conveyance_n unless_o the_o same_o land_n be_v first_o grant_v over_o to_o uses_n or_o in_o trust_n and_o then_o the_o say_a trust_n be_v devisable_v by_o will_n because_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n in_o conscience_n and_o a_o subpoena_n in_o chancery_n be_v the_o only_a remedy_n but_o in_o the_o 27_o year_n of_o king_n h._n 8._o all_o those_o uses_n be_v transfer_v into_o possession_n so_o that_o by_o mean_n thereof_o no_o land_n by_o any_o mean_n be_v deviseable_a but_o customary-land_n until_o the_o 32_o and_o 34_o year_n of_o king_n h._n 8._o when_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o land_n will._n farther_o liberty_n grant_v by_o statute_n to_o convey_v land_n by_o will._n may_v be_v devise_v by_o will_n and_o if_o the_o same_o be_v hold_v in_o socage_n tenure_n the_o whole_a pass_v by_o will._n but_o if_o of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a or_o of_o a_o subject_a by_o knight-service_n two_o part_n only_o do_v pass_v by_o will_n and_o the_o king_n or_o lord_n of_o who_o it_o be_v hold_v be_v to_o have_v a_o three_o part_n during_o the_o nonage_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o the_o heir_n the_o say_v three_o part_n afterward_o the_o conveyance_n by_o uses_n be_v in_o begin_v conveyance_n by_o uses_n when_o and_o how_o it_o begin_v ancient_a time_n unknown_a and_o begin_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o civil-warr_n of_o ed._n 2._o against_o the_o baron_n and_o of_o lancaster_n and_o york_n breed_v and_o beget_v by_o fear_n for_o the_o owner_n of_o land_n doubt_v leave_a themselves_o by_o partake_v shall_v be_v attaint_v and_o so_o their_o live_n forfeit_v do_v convey_v their_o land_n over_o to_o their_o friend_n in_o trust_n but_o receive_v the_o profit_n themselves_o which_o perception_n or_o property_n by_o law_n be_v call_v use_n and_o the_o party_n who_o be_v owner_n in_o conscience_n be_v call_v cestuy_n a_o que_fw-fr use_n or_o pernor_n of_o the_o profit_n also_o afterward_o uses_n be_v invent_v by_o fraud_n to_o deceive_v creditor_n of_o their_o debt_n purchaser_n of_o their_o bargain_n and_o man_n that_o have_v right_o of_o their_o action_n all_o which_o be_v remedy_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 27_o of_o h._n 8._o whereby_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o party_n trust_v be_v transfer_v to_o the_o cestuy_n a_o que_fw-fr use_n and_o the_o use_v and_o possession_n be_v incorporate_v and_o unite_v but_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n conveyance_n by_o use_n be_v very_o common_a and_o many_o kind_n of_o conveyance_n be_v late_o spring_v up_o out_o of_o this_o statute_n of_o 27_o of_o h._n 8._o as_o bargain_n and_o sales_n for_o money_n but_o this_o must_v be_v enroll_v within_o six_o month_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o chap._n viii_o of_o action_n and_o of_o their_o trial_n according_a to_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v a_o say_n both_o in_o the_o civil-law_n and_o common-law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o action_n whereupon_o the_o trial_n of_o suit_n betwixt_o party_n and_o party_n do_v depend_v be_v of_o three_o sort_n either_o real_a personal_a or_o mix_v the_o sort_n action_n of_o 3_o sort_n first_o concern_v the_o title_n of_o man_n land_n and_o freehold_n the_o second_o of_o their_o good_n and_o chattel_n and_o the_o three_o be_v in_o rem_fw-la &_o personam_fw-la simul_fw-la as_o waste_v quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la ejectione_n and_o the_o like_a action_n heretofore_o use_v for_o real_a real_a action_n real_a matter_n be_v assize_n writt_n of_o entry_n and_o writt_n of_o right_n for_o fee-simple_n and_o as_o some_o hold_n for_o fee-tail_n confirm_v by_o precedent_n of_o experience_n also_o formedon_n for_o fee-tail_n cui_fw-la in_o vita_fw-la for_o a_o woman_n upon_o the_o discontinuance_n of_o her_o inheritance_n by_o her_o husband_n and_o for_o personal_a matter_n and_o personal_a action_n personal_a contract_n it_o be_v as_o at_o this_o day_n which_o real_a action_n be_v so_o use_v because_o the_o party_n oftentimes_o be_v bar_v of_o his_o entry_n by_o a_o descent_n that_o if_o one_o do_v disseise_v or_o unlawful_o dispossess_v another_o of_o any_o land_n and_o the_o disseisor_n or_o wrongdoer_n die_v thereof_o seize_v the_o lawful_a heir_n or_o he_o that_o have_v the_o right_n may_v not_o put_v the_o other_o out_o of_o possession_n or_o enter_v for_o his_o right_n but_o aught_o to_o sue_v first_o for_o it_o but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o of_o h._n 8._o day_n the_o most_o usual_a trial_n of_o action_n real_a at_o this_o day_n no_o descent_n to_o take_v away_o a_o entry_n may_v be_v without_o five_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n and_o therefore_o now_o to_o bring_v such_o title_n to_o trial_n the_o use_n be_v either_o to_o enter_v and_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o thereby_o to_o try_v the_o title_n or_o to_o distrein_o some_o cattle_n upon_o the_o ground_n and_o upon_o a_o replevin_n to_o avow_v a_o damage_n fesant_fw-mi that_o by_o affirm_v the_o cattle_n have_v trespass_v his_o ground_n the_o interest_n thereof_o may_v thereby_o be_v try_v but_o the_o common_a course_n be_v to_o seal_v a_o lease_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o so_o to_o try_v it_o by_o a_o action_n of_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la delay_n few_o real_a action_n now_o use_v be_v full_a of_o delay_n at_o this_o day_n few_o real_a action_n be_v use_v because_o they_o be_v more_o full_a of_o delay_n and_o also_o they_o be_v more_o peremptory_a and_o bind_v against_o the_o party_n for_o a_o former_a recovery_n be_v a_o good_a plea_n but_o in_o these_o personal_a action_n it_o be_v not_o for_o in_o they_o the_o party_n may_v bring_v as_o many_o action_n as_o his_o purse_n will_v maintain_v also_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o common_a action_n upon_o the_o case_n be_v common_a word_n be_v very_o common_a chap._n ix_o of_o trial_n allow_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o it_o be_v usual_a among_o man_n to_o commence_v suit_n and_o action_n so_o it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o some_o certain_a form_n shall_v be_v prescribe_v by_o which_o those_o variance_n suit_n and_o action_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o conclusion_n so_o have_v the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n and_o wisdom_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n find_v out_o two_o way_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o suit_n variance_n two_o way_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o suit_n and_o variance_n which_o be_v either_o by_o jury_n upon_o the_o oath_n and_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o freeholders_n or_o else_o by_o battle_n between_o the_o party_n but_o this_o be_v out_o of_o use_n or_o their_o champion_n or_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o defendant_n which_o be_v call_v ley_n gager_n some_o have_v conceited_o say_v that_o trial_n a_o conceit_a opinion_n of_o trial_n the_o trial_n except_o battle_n have_v confisted_a upon_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o with_o a_o triple_a distinction_n as_o twelve_o judge_n for_o matter_n in_o law_n twelve_o juror_n and_o twelve_o in_o wager_n of_o law_n for_o so_o be_v the_o form_n there_o be_v a_o trial_n also_o by_o the_o certificate_n etc._n trial_n by_o certificate_n of_o the_o bishop_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o bishop_n for_o bastardy_n and_o marriage_n also_o of_o infancy_n by_o inspection_n of_o the_o court_n also_o of_o villanage_n by_o his_o kinsfolk_n also_o death_n of_o the_o husband_n by_o proof_n in_o dower_n but_o these_o especial_o the_o latter_a of_o these_o be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o use_n though_o allow_v by_o our_o law_n of_o which_o trial_n although_o trial_n by_o use_v trial_n by_o battle_n not_o abolish_v nor_o late_o use_v battle_n be_v ancient_o use_v and_o be_v not_o yet_o abolish_v by_o any_o statute_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o unchristian_a and_o bloody_a proceed_n thereof_o when_o the_o strong_a hand_n and_o heart_n may_v overcome_v the_o best_a right_n and_o loss_n of_o live_v be_v determine_v with_o loss_n of_o life_n it_o be_v therefore_o obsolete_v and_o grow_v out_o of_o use_n such_o trial_n by_o battle_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v in_o tuttle-field_n in_o the_o 13_o eliz._n where_o the_o champion_n list_n judge_n and_o all_o be_v prepare_v the_o demandant_n be_v nonsuite_n and_o so_o that_o trial_n cease_v and_o another_o be_v appoint_v in_o the_o same_o
place_n about_o the_o 8_o of_o king_n charles_n 1._o but_o it_o be_v take_v up_o and_o so_o end_v this_o trial_n be_v both_o in_o civil_a and_o criminal_a pleas._n in_o civil_a plea_n it_o be_v only_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n by_o champion_n in_o criminal_a plea_n it_o be_v in_o a_o appeal_n of_o death_n by_o the_o party_n battle_n be_v also_o term_v a_o trial_n in_o writ_n a_o trial_n term_v battle_n but_o by_o writ_n a_o writ_n of_o right_a of_o advouson_n and_o rationabilibus_fw-la divisis_fw-la and_o other_o writ_n which_o concern_v the_o right_n only_a as_o fitz-herbert_a witness_v and_o also_o in_o civil_a cause_n the_o defendant_n may_v sometime_o wage_v battle_n himself_o as_o glanvil_n say_v lib._n 2._o cap_n 3._o trial_n by_o oath_n be_v as_o heretofore_o oath_n trial_n by_o oath_n use_v by_o wager_n of_o law_n upon_o contract_n without_o speciality_n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n this_o trial_n about_o edw._n 3._o and_o edw._n 2._o time_n be_v use_v in_o action_n which_o begin_v ex_fw-la maleficio_fw-la as_o in_o contract_n ex_fw-la stipulatione_fw-la for_o in_o trespass_n it_o have_v be_v use_v as_o divers_a authority_n be_v in_o the_o year-book_n but_o yet_o of_o late_a by_o reason_n man_n conscience_n be_v find_v to_o be_v large_a and_o foul_a whereby_o the_o oath_n of_o a_o perjure_a person_n for_o his_o own_o profit_n may_v much_o prejudice_v a_o honest_a man_n the_o trial_n by_o oath_n be_v prevent_v trial_n by_o oath_n be_v much_o prevent_v much_o prevent_v by_o turn_v the_o former_o use_v action_n of_o debt_n into_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n wherein_o no_o wager_n of_o law_n lie_v the_o most_o common_a and_o proper_a force_n trial_n by_o jury_n most_o frequent_a and_o in_o force_n trial_n of_o suit_n in_o this_o kingdom_n heretofore_o and_o now_o in_o force_n be_v by_o jury_n that_o be_v by_o oath_n and_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o freeholder_n both_o in_o action_n real_n for_o land_n and_o action_n personal_n for_o contract_n and_o trespass_n in_o this_o trial_n the_o jury_n be_v not_o tie_v only_o to_o the_o evidence_n of_o two_o man_n or_o of_o more_o witness_n but_o may_v find_v veritatem_fw-la facti_fw-la upon_o circumstance_n or_o by_o witness_n or_o sometime_o especial_o for_o want_v of_o manifest_a or_o probable_a evidence_n upon_o their_o own_o knowledge_n and_o in_o case_n doubtful_a concern_v point_n of_o law_n the_o judge_n be_v to_o deliver_v veritatem_fw-la juris_fw-la if_o the_o jury_n err_v in_o their_o verdict_n err_v attaint_v of_o a_o jury_n err_v a_o attaint_n lie_v against_o they_o wherein_o the_o matter_n must_v be_v try_v by_o 24_o sufficient_a and_o substantial_a juror_n and_o that_o to_o be_v final_a if_o it_o be_v find_v by_o they_o that_o the_o former_a jury_n have_v give_v a_o false_a verdict_n and_o be_v forswear_v the_o party_n wrong_v be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o right_n and_o the_o first_o jury_n grievous_o punish_v by_o the_o common-law_n which_o punishment_n be_v mitigate_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 8._o if_o upon_o any_o action_n or_o suit_n commence_v reform_v error_n of_o judgement_n how_o reform_v the_o judge_n do_v err_v in_o judgement_n in_o any_o court_n of_o record_n or_o that_o the_o same_o be_v suppose_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v before_o other_o judge_n superior_n if_o in_o the_o exchequer_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 31_o e._n 3_o cap._n 12._o if_o in_o the_o common-plea_n or_o chancery_n in_o latin_a proceed_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n if_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n heretofore_o it_o lay_v only_o in_o parliament_n but_o now_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o eliz._n in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n chap._n x._o of_o some_o thing_n in_o the_o minister_n and_o proceed_n of_o our_o law_n conceive_v worthy_a to_o be_v reform_v because_o there_o be_v divers_a who_o do_v complain_v much_o against_o our_o law_n whereof_o i_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v that_o many_o if_o not_o the_o most_o part_n do_v not_o right_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o use_n and_o the_o abuse_n of_o our_o law_n some_o the_o use_n and_o abuse_v of_o our_o law_n not_o well_o distinguish_v by_o some_o or_o betwixt_o the_o law_n themselves_o and_o the_o ill_a practice_n and_o proceed_n of_o some_o corrupt_a person_n in_o the_o handle_n and_o trial_n of_o they_o and_o for_o that_o i_o have_v former_o make_v some_o apology_n for_o our_o law_n in_o answer_n of_o these_o accusation_n i_o hold_v it_o as_o fit_v in_o plain_a and_o sincere_a deal_n to_o deliver_v what_o defect_n or_o other_o indirect_a proceed_n i_o do_v conceive_v there_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o trial_n of_o suit_n tend_v to_o the_o delay_n overburden_v and_o delude_v of_o the_o subject_n in_o their_o suit_n or_o to_o the_o defraud_v of_o the_o law_n itself_o intention_n the_o author_n intention_n in_o the_o withdraw_a or_o decline_v of_o it_o from_o its_o natural_a pure_a and_o upright_a course_n which_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o by_o way_n of_o supposition_n only_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v conceive_v rather_o than_o of_o any_o peremptory_a position_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n have_v i_o speak_v all_o the_o rest_n always_o submit_v the_o same_o unto_o deep_a judgement_n of_o they_o that_o be_v learn_v in_o our_o law_n the_o defect_n whereof_o i_o speak_v before_o law_n defect_n of_o 2_o sort_n that_o be_v in_o trial_n &_o proceed_n of_o the_o law_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n defect_n in_o trial_n and_o defect_n in_o the_o proceed_n of_o our_o law_n the_o first_o whereof_o as_o i_o conceive_v proceed_v special_o from_o two_o cause_n want_v of_o understanding_n or_o indifferency_n in_o juror_n who_o try_v want_v of_o integrity_n in_o judge_n who_o direct_a juror_n much_o in_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o have_v the_o whole_a power_n in_o decide_v point_n of_o law_n touch_v the_o former_a whereby_o in_o juror_n want_v of_o understanding_n in_o juror_n course_n the_o verdict_n of_o juries_n the_o right_n inheritance_n &_o whole_a estate_n of_o most_o of_o the_o subject_n within_o the_o kingdom_n be_v either_o try_v or_o subject_a to_o be_v try_v and_o yet_o in_o many_o place_n the_o juror_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v find_v to_o be_v simple_a of_o mean_a capacity_n and_o of_o as_o small_a substance_n in_o estate_n for_o either_o no_o better_o be_v empanel_v or_o if_o better_o be_v they_o of_o best_a ability_n and_o judgement_n do_v absent_a themselves_o presume_v that_o either_o by_o some_o excuse_n make_v for_o they_o or_o by_o some_o other_o mean_n they_o may_v be_v dispense_v withal_o or_o if_o this_o serve_v not_o the_o worst_a be_v but_o to_o pay_v some_o small_a fine_a so_o usual_o the_o service_n be_v impose_v on_o they_o that_o be_v least_o able_a to_o discharge_v it_o sometime_o to_o the_o no_o small_a prejudice_n of_o man_n right_n wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o either_o by_o some_o far_a law_n or_o at_o the_o least_o by_o better_a execution_n of_o the_o former_a law_n sheriff_n juries_n sheriff_n to_o be_v compel_v to_o impannell_n able_a man_n in_o juries_n be_v compel_v to_o impannell_n in_o juries_n none_o but_o man_n able_a for_o judgement_n and_o substance_n and_o that_o such_o be_v impanel_v a_o more_o strict_a permit_v no_o dispensation_n with_o jury_n man_n to_o be_v permit_v course_n be_v take_v by_o the_o justice_n for_o their_o better_a appearance_n and_o attendance_n without_o any_o kind_n of_o dispensation_n or_o connivance_n care_n have_v be_v take_v to_o remedy_v this_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v 16_o and_o 17_o car._n 2._o 3._o also_o another_o abuse_n there_o be_v concern_v the_o impannel_a of_o juror_n worthy_a of_o reformation_n which_o be_v that_o the_o juror_n of_o the_o principal_a panel_n seldom_o appear_v full_a it_o be_v find_v a_o usual_a practice_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o request_v freeholders_n his_o friend_n to_o jury_n freeholders_n desire_a to_o stand_v in_o view_n that_o they_o may_v be_v return_v of_o the_o jury_n stand_v ready_a within_o view_n of_o the_o court_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o tale_n therefore_o to_o avoid_v this_o mischief_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v a_o special_a oath_n always_o administer_v unto_o the_o juror_n thus_o add_v that_o they_o be_v not_o request_v by_o either_o party_n or_o labour_v by_o any_o for_o they_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o the_o like_a oath_n be_v needful_a to_o be_v give_v unto_o the_o sheriff_n or_o some_o severe_a penalty_n appoint_v against_o the_o impannel_a of_o juror_n at_o the_o nomination_n of_o the_o party_n or_o their_o friend_n whereby_o many_o man_n have_v receive_v great_a hurt_n and_o prejudice_n also_o it_o oath_n the_o sheriff_n and_o the_o jury_n to_o have_v