Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	acre_n	meadow_n	pasture_n	4,248	5	11.0446	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B00849	The booke of thrift, containing a perfite order, and right methode to profite lands, and other things belonging to husbandry. ; Newly Englished, and set out by I.B. gentleman of Caen in France.	Henley, Walter de, fl. 1250.; Bellot, Jacques.	1589 (1589)	STC 25007.3; ESTC S124440	21,584	69

the issues and put them in the profite of the Lord and let him imploy that that he shall know or be able to prooue And if there be anie thing lost in the yard or without or stollen away the which be it quicke or dead either little or great whereby the Lord may haue any maner of losse eyther by burning or by any other maner the Lorde must charge the pro ust therewith and the prouost must charge those of the yarde which are guiltie thereof And it is to be knowen that all the seruants of the yarde men and women must be attendant on the prouost because that the prouost must answere for all their actions and the prouost ought to bring into the Court those for whom he wil answer for their déedes And the steward must sée that the prouost enter good pledges for all those of the yarde which are placed by the prouost and if the Lord receyue any domages by the prouost and the prouost hath not wherewithall he may restore the domages all them of the town which haue chosen him shall answere the surplussage for him of that that he shall not bee able to pay And if the Lord doth place there a ponder a field-kéeper or a granger or any other what soeuer he be and the Lord doe receiue any damage by the fault of them the which hee shall haue there placed the Lord ought to take his mends of them because hee placed them and not of his prouost It is to be vnderstood that manours that are gouerned by baylies where there is no prouost but the bayly who answereth for the manour that the sayd bayly shall render account as the prouost shall and all the other seruants ought to answere to him for all thinges without any alteration or change of wordes as vnto the prouost And those which doe holde in villenage of any maner ought to choose the prouost such as they will bee answerable for for if the Lord doth receyue any domage by default of the prouost and he hath not wherewithal to satisfie it they shall pay for him the surplussage which he can not pay An answere of the seedes that must be sowen AL the land must be measured each one by it selfe and euery holding of the field named by their names and euery medowe by it selfe and euery pasture euery wood and euery heath turberie moore and marish also by themselues and all by the pearch of sixtéene foote and a halfe because it is easie for one to measure the lande there by the pole of sixtéene foote and a halfe They doe sowe in many places foure acres with one quarter and in many other places it is required to haue one quarter and a halfe to sowe fiue acres of wheate and of rie and of beanes and of peason and two acres with one quarter of barley and of otes But because that some will bee sowen thicker then the other the partie ought to measure in each manor euery acre by the corne and sée howe much a man may sowe of each kind of corne vpon one measure then may you alwayes bee certaine of your sowing And because that a man soweth barley vpon a wheate field and beanes and peason and lentiles amōngst the otes the partie ought to name each land which is sowen in barley amongst the wheate and each land of other corne which is sowen amongst the otes And there where the fieldes are diuided in two the winterage or wintercorne and the tramis otherwayes common barley are sowen in one and the same field Therefore he must answere that of each land what land is sowen of one kinde of corne and which of another And if there be any inclosure he must sée what land he taketh in the inclosure and with what corne hee soweth each land and the same séede hee must score by it selfe out of the other graine How a man ought to alow or hire the haruest men in haruest time and in time of making of hay YOu may well haue your lands wéeded for a penie an acre and the acre of medow mowed for foure pence and the acre of lande in the valley for thrée pence halfepenie and take vppe and stubbe the acre for thrée halfpence and to take vp and stubbe the acre of medow in the valley for one penie farthing and you ought well to knowe that fiue men may well reape and tie two acres by the day of each kinde of corne some more some lesse And where euery one taketh two pence by the day yet you ought to giue fiue pence for euery acre and vnto many more And when the foure do take thrée halfpence a péece by day and the fift because he is a tier two pence a day you ought then to giue for each acre foure pence And because that in many countreys they cannot reape by the acre yet may a man know by the reapers and by the dayes that which they doe so that you kéepe the reapers by the lands to wit fiue men or women the which you please fiue men doe make one land and fiue twentie men do make fiue lands and fiue and twentie men may reape and tie ten acres by the day in seasonable weather and in ten dayes an hundred acres and in twentie dayes two hundred acres by fiue score to the hundred Then you shall sée how many acres hee hath to reape in all and you shall sée whether they agrée with the dayes and then shall you allow them And if they doe recken more dayes then it behoueth according vnto the order you ought not to allowe it them for it is their fault that haue not followed them and caused them to worke so well as they should Howe landes ought to be measured ANd because the acres are not all alike for in some countreys they doe measure by the pole of eightéene foote and in some countreyes by the pole of twentie foote and in some countreys by the pole of foure and twentie foote and you must knowe that the acre that is measured by the pole of eightéene foote maketh an acre and a roode and the sixtenth part of a roode of the pole of sixtéene foote and foure acres make fiue acres and the fourth part of a roode and eight acres do make twelue acres and a halfe roode and sixtéene acres make twentie acres and one roode And the acre which is measured by the pole of twentie foote maketh an acre and a halfe and the fourth part of a roode of the pole of sixtéene foote and foure acres doe make sixe acres and one roode and eight acres make twelue acres and a halfe and sixtéene acres both make fiue and twentie acres and the acre which is measured by the pole of two twentie foote maketh an acre and a half and a roode and a halfe and the sixtenth part of a roode of the pole of sixtéene foote and the foure acres doe make seuen acres and a halfe and the fourth part of a roode

accoūted of then twelue shillings when néede forceth you to it for the second whether you ought to giue or to spend and to doe it willingly then the same shall bee double rewarded vnto you and if you do giue vnwillingly you shall léese all that you doe either giue or lay out for the thirde giue to him that may be profitable vnto you to others for the fourth how much you must giue neither more nor lesse but according as the worke is either great or litle that you haue to do looke on the poore not for the praises of the worlde but for to haue the loue of God which giueth vs all things You shall enlarge your lands and tenements by your loyal men sworn First recken your yards gardens doue-houses orchardes what they may be worth by the yeere besides your prouision Then reckon howe many acres of medow you haue and what they be woorth by the yéere and sée also how much wood you may sell by the year without any waste or destruction and what the same may be woorth by the yeare and what your milles and your fish ponds are worth by the yeare besides the prouision and then reckon how many acres you haue of erable land and how many be of them in euery field and of frée holds how much each of them conteyneth and by what seruice and of copie hold how much euery one of them conteyneth and by what seruices and customs or duties they be held let them be employed and all other things wherin they do profite account what they be worth by the yeare And by the husbandmen you shall enquire howe much will serue to sowe an acre of land of euery kind of corne and how much prouisions you may haue vpon euery manour and by the allowance you shall know how much your bailyes must answere in their scrowles besides the sayd alowance So may you be able to know how much your lands are woorth by the yeare and your tenements also wherby you may dispose of your liuing so as it is tolde you before and whether your prouosts do set downe in their accounts so much corne sowen vpon so many acres So to the allowance and perchance shall you finde fewer acres then they will tell you more corne sowen then it were néede or requisite for you haue at the end of the allowance with how much a man may sowe an acre of land of all sorts of graine Besides this if néede were to bestowe either more or lesse cost about the ploughes by the allowance you shall be certified how I will tell it you If your lands are diuided by three the one part to the winter and another part in Lent and the third part in resting land then is the plough nine score acres And if your landes be diuided by two the one moitie is sowen in winter and in Lent and the other moitie in resting land then shall the plough be of eight score acres Go you to the allowance and sée how many acres in demain land you haue and thereby you may be certified as well how much the plough of eight score acres hath to do as the plough of nine score acres hath to doe I will shewe vnto you that of eight score acres is fortie acres of winteredge and fortie acres of lent and foure score acres of resting lande Return and replough the foure score acres and then the plough shall goe of twelue score acres Concerning the plough of nine score acres thrée score acres for winteredge and thrée score acres for lent and thrée score for resting land and then runne ouer and plough againe the thrée score acres Then shall the plough goe for twelue score acres by the yeere as the plough of eight score Some men do saie that a plough cannot do so much by the yéere I wil shew you that it may doe it You knowe that an acre ought to bée of fortie poles in length and foure poles in breadth and the kinges pole is of sixtéene foote and an halfe Then is the acre of sixtie sixe foote of breadth Now goe on forward thirtie thrée times about and take roome of one foote in breadth Then is the acre otherwise But goe thirtie sixe times about for to make the roome narrow and when the acre is gone forwarde then you haue gone seauentie and two furlongs which doe make sixe leagues that is to wit twelue furlonges for one league the horse shall be verie poore or the oxe either the which in one morning cannot goe softly and with a little pace the waie of thrée leagues and to go back at noone And by another reason I will shewe you that it may doe so much You knowe that there is fiftie two weekes in one yeere now take away eight weeks for the holy daies and other lettes then shall remaine fortie foure weekes of trauayle and in all that time the ploughe shall haue to doe but the plowing of the resting lande and the plowing of the sowing in winter and in Lent the dayes-worke of three roodes and halfe a rood and to stir againe one acre Nowe see you whether a ploughe which is well kept and folowed may not do so much in one day and if you haue lands whereon dungue may be layd take paines to dungue it according as the land doth require and haue regarde to knowe whether your land be well in dungue and whether your dungue bee well kept as it must then it shall answere to the thirde part of your lands by the alowance Be they your tenants or customers if they doe deny customs or seruices by your alowance you shall know the certaintie If you be to choose bailifes or serge ants choose them neither by kinred nor by fauourable worde nor by any other like things if they be not of good name and let them be honest and auncient and such as knowe the profite of the dungue Take no corne-kéepers but of your homagers and lande-holders and if you doe choose them let them bee of your homagers choosing for if they trespasse you shall haue your remedie vpon them At the beginning of breaking tilling and sowing of your lands sée that the bailifes and the kéepers or prouosts be alwayes in companie with the ploughmen to sée that they worke plainly and doe well their worke and at their iourneys ende to sée howe much they haue done so that they may be answerable for all afterwards except they can be able to shew certaine apparant let and because that seruants are commonly slacke in their workes it is néedefull to cast ouer their fraudes In the meane time it is néedefull for the kéeper to admonish them euery day On the other part the bailife ought to looke so well about it that they doe well and if they doe not well let them be rebuked and corrected for it You shall at the plough of oxen draw one of your horses for the plough of oxen if the land be not stonie can not

of your seede you get nothing except the corne be verie well solde you knowe well that an acre of lād which is sowen with wheat will haue three tillings except those lands the which are sowen euery yéere some more some other lesse Each tilling is woorth sixe pence and the harrowing is worth one penie and it behooueth to sowe vpon euery acre two bushels at the least and these two bushels are at the least woorth at Michaelmasse twelue pence and the wéeding a halfpenie and the cutting downe fiue pence and the carying in haruest one penie and the fodder shall quite the thresshing And the thirde part of the seede ought to yeelde sixe bushels of Wheate And if at Michaelmasse Wheate bee woorth foure shillinges then are sixe bushels woorth three shillinges and your haruest charges doe amount to thrée shillings one penie and halfepenie Chaunge euery yeare the seede at Michaelmasse for the séede which is growen vppon other lande will proue better then the séede which is growen vpon the same land And if you will sée it cause to till two forelandes of one and the same lande and in one day and sowe the one with the féede that you haue bought and the other with the séede which is growen vppon the same land and when you come in haruest time you shall proue that I tell you true Sell not neither stirre not your stubble because that for the lesse you should léese the most When you cause dungue to be kept with good earth cause your dunguehil to be dressed mingled with the dungue and cause euery fortenight to draw out of your shéepecote wherwith to dungue your clayish ground if you haue it or with some good earth drawen out of the ditches and then scatter it vpon and if there remayne any fodder besides the sustainement of your cattell you shall cause it to bee scattered within in the yarde and within the myre and in your shéepecote also cause it to be scattered and in like maner in your modde before the drought of March cause all your dungue to be heaped together which is in the stables in the yarde and without And when you minde to dungue your ground and the same to carie you must haue a man whom you trust well that is faithfull vnto you to follow your cartes the first day and if he séeth that they doe their worke without feyning sée at the iourneyes ende howe much they haue done and let them answere so much euery day except they may shewe some certaine let Your dungue which is mingled with earth you shall put vpon sandie ground if you haue any the cause wherefore I will tell you The Sommer time is hote and the dungue hote and when the third heate is assembled to them by the great heate they doe wither away after midsommer day The barley doth growe in a sandie ground as you may well sée where you goe in many places On the Euening the land which is mingled with dungue causeth the sand to waxe colde and rayseth vp deawe and therefore that your landes that are sowen may bring foorth the more dungue them and till them not too déepe because that the dungue is marred in turning in too déepe How I will tell you what aduantage you shall haue by the strawe which is mingled with the earth If the dungue be but it selfe it may last thrée yeares or there aboutes according as the land is either cold or hote The dungue which is mingled with earth doth last the double but it shall not be so quicke you know well that the marle lasteth more then straw why so Because that the dungue wasteth in turning it déepe into the earth and the marle in turning of it out of the earth And why doeth the dungue mingled with earth last longer then the pure dungue I will tell it to you The dungue and the earth which are tilled together susteyneth the strawe that it wasteth not in the turning in though it should waste naturally Therefore I pray you to cause dungue to be kept according to the abilitie And your dungue which is scattered and somwhat moistned is in season good to be turned for the ground and the dungue shall then take the better together And if you put your dungue vpon fallowes it shall bée all at the stirring turned vnder the ground in sowing time shall come vp againe with the mingled ground and if it be put vpō stirring in sowing time it shal be turned the more vpō the earth and the lesse mingled with the ground and that is not approoued and the nearer the dungue is to the séed it is better at the feast of our Ladie first cause to fatten your dungue according as you haue of shéepe either more or lesse for they do in that season cast much fatning Make once in the yeare your prouision draw btwéene Easter and Whitsunday to wit your oxen and kine and other cattel which are not to be kept let them be put to fatten to grasse and you shall gaine and knowe the certaintie that then the woorst is better woorth then the best How I will tell it you If they be cattell for burden they must be kept better then the other and more made of else the other are the more grieued by their default and if you must buie any store buie it betwéene Easter and Whirsuntide for then are cattell leane and good cheape And before your horses be too olde or tyred or leane or of small valour you may sell them away in due season and then may you relieue your selfe with good and young How store should be kept it is good you should know it to make your seruānts wise for when they shal sée that you know it they shall indeuor to be the better The cattell for the plough must haue pasture sufficient to doe their worke and that they be not laboured too much vnder when they shall come to the manger for you should bestowe too much cost to restore them and so your gaines should be diminished put them in no houses in rainie weather for surfetting may come betwixt the haire and the skin which turneth to the great damage of your cattell and if your cattell haue their ordinarie prouender let it be giuē to thē by day light at the sight of the hayward or of the prouost mingle it with a little strawe of wheate or of oates and not of barley straw because barley strawe hath too many beards which will offend the mouthes of the horses And why doe you say so by proofe of the straw I will tell it you because it happeneth often that théeues doe steale their prouender and the horses doe eate strawe better then the prouender and doe fatten and doe become better And let not much fodder be giuen to the oxen at once but litle at once and often and then they eate it well and waste little of it and when there is greater quantitie before them they doe