the_o judgement_n so_o in_o this_o action_n judgement_n judgement_n for_o by_o this_o course_n the_o plaintif_n shall_v gain_v his_o possession_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o defendant_n can_v bring_v his_o writ_n of_o error_n until_o the_o writ_n of_o enquiry_n return_v and_o the_o judgement_n perfect_v error_n error_n which_o it_o may_v be_v will_v never_o be_v for_o when_o the_o plaintif_a have_v get_v possession_n of_o the_o land_n he_o will_v little_o regard_v the_o damage_n therefore_o let_v the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v antea_fw-la elyott_n against_o blague_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v elyott_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o blague_n for_o speak_v these_o word_n of_o he_o viz._n thou_o be_v a_o bastard_n get_v rogue_n word_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o act_n on_o for_o word_n and_o have_v a_o bastard_n at_o oxford_n and_o be_v a_o pocky_a rogue_n and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v thou_o have_v fill_v my_o bed_n full_a of_o the_o french_a pox_n and_o no_o such_o pocky_a rogue_n shall_v lie_v with_o i_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v and_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o some_o of_o they_o be_v adjective_o speak_v and_o other_o uncertain_a and_o some_o of_o they_o clear_o not_o actionable_a but_o twisden_n answer_v that_o if_o the_o word_n be_v take_v together_o as_o they_o be_v speak_v they_o be_v very_o scandalous_a and_o actionable_a and_o cite_v one_o colyer_n and_o lydyer_n case_n 1_o can_v to_o which_o the_o court_n agree_v and_o rule_v the_o plaintif_a to_o take_v his_o judgement_n except_v better_a cause_n shall_v be_v show_v custodes_fw-la against_o jinkes_n trin._n 1651_o banc._n sup_v sergeant_n bernard_n move_v to_o discharge_v a_o order_n of_o session_n make_v against_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n to_o keep_v a_o grand_a child_n of_o she_o session_n to_o discharge_v a_o order_n of_o session_n order_n of_o session_n because_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o such_o a_o order_n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o her_o husband_n be_v bind_v to_o keep_v his_o wife_n grandchild_n by_o the_o statute_n but_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o husband_n be_v not_o charge_v by_o the_o order_n but_o the_o wife_n who_o be_v covert_n be_v only_o charge_v therefore_o let_v the_o order_n be_v quash_v trotman_n against_o standard_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1650._o rot_n 1768._o in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v case_n special_a verdict_n in_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n upon_o which_o the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v this_o two_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n do_v make_v a_o charter_n of_o feoffment_n unto_o two_o other_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n and_o in_o the_o deed_n be_v a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o seoffor_n and_o make_v livery_n and_o seisin_n according_a to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o livery_n of_o seisin_n be_v make_v to_o one_o of_o the_o feoffee_n by_o the_o attorney_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o other_o feoffee_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o here_o be_v a_o good_a livery_n and_o seisin_n or_o not_o 2_o whether_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v good_a or_o no_o in_o regard_n it_o have_v false_a latin_n in_o it_o for_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v make_v by_o two_o and_o the_o word_n of_o it_o be_v pro_fw-la i_o &_o in_o nomine_fw-la meo_fw-la to_o make_v livery_n which_o be_v word_n of_o the_o singular_a number_n whereas_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o the_o plural_a hale_v as_o to_o the_o 2d_o question_n hold_v the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n good_a enough_o because_o the_o authority_n give_v to_o the_o attorney_n proceed_v from_o both_o the_o feoffor_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v the_o word_n of_o both_o of_o they_o as_o speak_v by_o they_o several_o and_o he_o also_o argue_v that_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v well_o execute_v to_o both_o the_o feoffee_n because_o it_o be_v by_o deed_n and_o he_o cite_v 15_o e._n 4_o f._n 18._o and_o he_o say_v if_o the_o livery_n have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o feoffor_a himself_o it_o have_v be_v good_a without_o question_n and_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o that_o and_o our_o case_n because_o it_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o the_o feoffee_n who_o be_v present_a be_v attorney_n for_o the_o feoffee_n that_o be_v absent_a to_o receive_v livery_n for_o he_o and_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v execute_v although_o the_o word_n be_v not_o cook_n lit._n f._n 5._o and_o hoxon_n and_o polts_n case_n in_o the_o exchequer_n 34_o eliz._n boltons_n case_n livery_n make_v to_o the_o husband_n be_v hold_v a_o good_a livery_n to_o the_o wife_n also_o latch_n of_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n make_v two_o question_n 1._o whether_o here_o be_v a_o good_a authority_n 2_o whether_o it_o be_v well_o execute_v for_o the_o first_o he_o argue_v that_o here_o be_v no_o authority_n give_v to_o the_o attorney_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n in_o the_o name_n of_o both_o the_o feoffor_n for_o the_o word_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v enter_v in_o nomine_fw-la meo_fw-la which_o can_v comprehend_v both_o of_o they_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o singular_a number_n and_o he_o agree_v that_o livery_n make_v by_o the_o feoffor_a himself_o to_o one_o in_o the_o name_n of_o both_o have_v be_v good_a but_o here_o the_o livery_n be_v by_o attorney_n and_o a_o attorney_n have_v nothing_o but_o a_o bare_a authority_n give_v he_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v strict_o pursue_v especial_o it_o be_v to_o pass_v away_o a_o estate_n he_o also_o take_v exception_n to_o the_o special_a verdict_n and_o say_v that_o the_o trial_n upon_o which_o the_o verdict_n be_v find_v be_v direct_v out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o discover_v a_o fraud_n and_o the_o verdict_n find_v nothing_o according_a to_o the_o direction_n and_o so_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v set_v a_o side_n beside_o the_o verdict_n in_o itself_o be_v incertain_a for_o it_o be_v of_o 300_o acre_n of_o land_n general_o which_o be_v incertain_a and_o so_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v have_v no_o judgement_n for_o the_o declaration_n warrant_v not_o the_o verdict_n for_o the_o declaration_n mention_n house_n and_o cottage_n beside_o the_o 300_o acre_n of_o land_n 2_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o find_v the_o date_n of_o the_o indenture_n and_o the_o title_n to_o the_o land_n be_v to_o commence_v a_o die_n datus_fw-la hales_v answer_v 1._o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v the_o day_n of_o the_o date_n 2_o it_o shall_v take_v effect_n after_o the_o delivery_n if_o there_o be_v no_o day_n of_o the_o date_n express_v and_o to_o that_o exception_n to_o the_o verdict_n that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o acre_n contain_v in_o it_o as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o declaration_n he_o answer_v that_o the_o judgement_n shall_v go_v to_o all_o which_o be_v land_n in_o kind_n only_o and_o shall_v not_o extend_v to_o house_n and_o cottage_n and_o there_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o residuum_fw-la or_o surplusage_n verdict_n verdict_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o it_o be_v incertain_a by_o the_o verdict_n what_o land_n be_v mean_v for_o there_o be_v 400_o acre_n of_o land_n and_o four_o message_n and_o four_o cottage_n and_o 40_o acre_n of_o meadow_n in_o the_o declaration_n and_o so_o there_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o residuum_fw-la beside_o the_o land_n find_v in_o the_o verdict_n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v incertain_a what_o be_v find_v and_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o verdict_n for_o part_n and_o be_v uncertain_a for_o the_o rest_n although_o the_o plaintiff_n will_v relinquish_v his_o damage_n for_o the_o rest_n this_o will_v not_o help_v it_o for_o there_o must_v be_v two_o judgement_n and_o the_o verdict_n be_v ill_o as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v find_v yet_o he_o hold_v that_o it_o may_v be_v good_a without_o relinquish_a the_o damage_n at_o all_o because_o the_o verdict_n be_v good_a for_o so_o many_o acre_n as_o be_v in_o the_o declaration_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o the_o jury_n mistake_v the_o number_n of_o the_o acre_n and_o intend_v by_o the_o verdict_n no_o more_o than_o the_o arable_a land_n jerman_n and_o nicholas_n justice_n doubt_v whether_o there_o be_v a_o verdict_n at_o all_o because_o the_o jury_n have_v not_o find_v the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o declaration_n roll_v chief_a justice_n and_o nicholas_n mutate_v opinion_n hold_v the_o verdict_n good_a but_o say_v it_o will_v have_v be_v otherwise_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o one_o declare_v for_o 40_o l._n and_o the_o
one_o as_o if_o the_o party_n have_v appear_v for_o if_o he_o have_v appear_v the_o case_n will_v have_v be_v otherwise_o so_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintif_a nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n pasch_fw-mi 1652._o banc._n sup_v memorandum_n remaâ—â—ed_v one_o bring_v by_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la from_o the_o fleet_n remaâ—â—ed_v one_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o court_n by_o the_o mareschall_n of_o the_o fleet_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la direct_v to_o he_o out_o of_o this_o court_n and_o because_o it_o do_v appear_v upon_o record_n that_o the_o party_n be_v charge_v with_o divers_a debt_n when_o he_o be_v turn_v over_o to_o the_o fleet_n he_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o put_v in_o bail_n here_o but_o be_v remand_v gossage_n against_o tailor_n pasch_fw-mi 1652._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1650._o rot_n 117._o in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o a_o message_n ejectrueâ—â—_n special_a verdict_n in_o trespass_n and_o ejectrueâ—â—_n and_o certain_a land_n in_o hatfield_n broad-oak_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n find_v the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v this_o rich._n frank_n seize_v among_o other_o land_n and_o tenement_n of_o the_o message_n and_o land_n in_o question_n upon_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o son_n leventhorp_n frank_n with_o susan_n cotele_fw-la levy_v a_o fine_a of_o the_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o during_o his_o own_o life_n and_o the_o life_n of_o leventhorp_n his_o son_n and_o after_o during_o the_o life_n of_o susanna_n cotele_fw-la the_o wife_n of_o leventhorp_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o heir_n to_o be_v beget_v upon_o the_o body_n of_o susanna_n by_o leventhorp_n her_o husband_n the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v intend_v the_o heir_n of_o leventhorp_n and_o susanna_n his_o wife_n or_o whether_o the_o estate_n shall_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v limit_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o susanna_n only_o and_o that_o leventhorp_n shall_v have_v bare_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o the_o land_n sergeant_n glyn_n of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintif_n hold_v that_o susanna_n cotele_fw-la have_v a_o estate_n tail_n execute_v in_o the_o land_n and_o that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v relate_v only_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o susanna_n and_o not_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o leventhorp_n 1._o because_o that_o here_o be_v a_o estate_n limit_v for_o life_n unto_o susanna_n by_o a_o express_a limitation_n and_o her_o heir_n shall_v take_v immediate_o after_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n end_v and_o they_o shall_v not_o come_v in_o as_o purchaser_n by_o express_v term_n the_o word_n heir_n be_v not_o limit_v to_o any_o person_n but_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n and_o that_o do_v apply_v it_o to_o susanna_n as_o to_o a_o person_n to_o who_o richard_n that_o settle_v the_o land_n have_v express_v most_o affection_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o deed_n lit._n f._n 6._o sect._n 28._o there_o be_v a_o expression_n of_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v relate_v but_o so_o be_v not_o here_o and_o therefore_o the_o case_n differ_v in_o 3_o ed._n 3._o f._n 31_o 32._o it_o be_v rule_v that_o both_o party_n have_v a_o estate_n tail_n because_o the_o estate_n be_v limit_v to_o both_o but_o so_o it_o be_v not_o in_o our_o case_n so_o those_o book_n be_v not_o against_o i_o in_o our_o case_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o richard_n do_v intend_v to_o advance_v the_o husband_n of_o susanna_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v relate_v to_o he_o but_o to_o susanna_n his_o wife_n only_o for_o in_o case_n of_o limitation_n of_o estate_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o do_v direct_v the_o matter_n and_o the_o precede_a limit_v of_o the_o estate_n to_o susanna_n and_o not_o to_o leventhorp_n do_v show_v that_o the_o party_n do_v mean_a to_o promote_v the_o heir_n of_o susanna_n lit._n sect._n 27._o dyer_n 27._o a_o second_o reason_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o pen_n of_o the_o deed_n which_o in_o the_o limitation_n of_o it_o do_v incline_v more_o that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v apply_v to_o susanna_n than_o to_o leventhorp_n for_o the_o word_n upon_o she_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v of_o she_o and_o then_o it_o be_v the_o same_o case_n with_o littleton_n case_n 3_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o donor_n appear_v to_o be_v such_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o entire_a limitation_n which_o do_v show_v that_o he_o do_v intend_v that_o leventhorp_n shall_v not_o have_v such_o a_o estate_n whereby_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o deprive_v his_o issue_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o susanna_n and_o not_o to_o leventhorp_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v apply_v to_o both_o then_o leventhorp_n may_v destroy_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o issue_n contrary_a to_o the_o donors_n intent_n and_o whereas_o dyer_n 99_o be_v object_v against_o i_o i_o answer_v that_o case_n be_v not_o against_o i_o for_o there_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v express_o limit_v to_o a_o certain_a person_n viz._n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o both_o of_o they_o but_o so_o it_o be_v not_o in_o our_o case_n and_o whereas_o hill_n 13_o jac._n lane_n and_o panel_n case_n in_o this_o court_n be_v also_o object_v against_o i_o i_o answer_v that_o that_o case_n be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o case_n with_o dyer_n and_o the_o question_n in_o our_o case_n come_v not_o in_o dispute_n and_o the_o will_n of_o the_o donor_n in_o deed_n be_v to_o be_v ohserve_v lit._n 22._o c._n tayl._n 1._o rep_v shelley_n case_n 103._o 〈◊〉_d notwithstanding_o in_o gift_n in_o tail_n this_o rule_n hold_v not_o so_o that_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n may_v be_v lim_v contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o i_o know_v not_o of_o any_o authority_n in_o print_n or_o write_v against_o i_o but_o in_o 13_o ed._n 3._o fitz._n tit_n variance_n 81_o there_o be_v a_o express_a authority_n for_o i_o and_o 4_o h._n 4._o fitz._n br_n 448._o &_o in_o my_o experience_n i_o have_v know_v many_o estate_n limit_v as_o this_o be_v in_o the_o southern_a part_n &_o hold_v good_a estate_n tail_n &_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o many_o estate_n will_v be_v shake_v roll_v chief_a justice_n we_o have_v deliver_v our_o opinion_n before_o against_o you_o viz._n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o donour_n to_o apply_v the_o word_n heir_n to_o the_o body_n of_o susanna_n only_o for_o this_o construction_n will_v offer_v violence_n unto_o the_o word_n as_o appear_v by_o littleton_n who_o interpret_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o both_o the_o party_n and_o your_o reason_n be_v found_v upon_o a_o wrong_a ground_n and_o express_o against_o litletons_n case_n and_o for_o your_o second_o reason_n it_o be_v of_o no_o weight_n for_o the_o word_n be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n beget_v upon_o the_o wife_n 3_o we_o be_v not_o to_o frame_v a_o meaning_n against_o plain_a word_n which_o show_v the_o donors_n intent_n to_o be_v against_o you_o and_o the_o baron_n can_v bar_v the_o estate_n tail_n as_o you_o suppose_v tayl._n tayl._n for_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o if_o she_o survive_v she_o may_v revive_v the_o remain_a estate_n and_o we_o must_v not_o consider_v of_o inconvenience_n which_o possible_o may_v happen_v against_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o the_o multitude_n of_o conveyance_n make_v in_o this_o manner_n be_v of_o no_o force_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n jerman_n justice_n as_o roll._n that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o both_o party_n because_o voluntas_fw-la donatoris_fw-la secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la chartae_fw-la expressa_fw-la est_fw-la observanda_fw-la nicholas_n and_o ask_v justice_n of_o the_o same_o opinion_n garland_n against_o yarrow_n pasc_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v this_o case_n be_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n former_o speak_v unto_o in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o these_o word_n word_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o act_n on_o for_o word_n you_o be_v a_o knave_n and_o keep_v a_o bawdy_a house_n be_v again_o move_v by_o christ_n turner_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a 1._o because_o they_o be_v of_o spiritual_a cognisance_n 2_o it_o be_v not_o say_v that_o he_o keep_v a_o common_a bawdy_a house_n 3_o here_o be_v no_o special_a damage_n lay_v 10_o car._n these_o word_n he_o be_v a_o pimp_n adjudge_v not_o actionable_a in_o lewis_n and_o whitton_n case_n 4_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o he_o
he_o wild_a in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n take_v these_o exception_n to_o the_o declaration_n 1._o it_o say_v that_o the_o principal_a render_v himself_o in_o execution_n to_o discharge_v his_o bail_n and_o say_v that_o afterward_o he_o escape_v whereby_o he_o can_v not_o have_v he_o in_o execution_n which_o seem_v contradictory_n to_o what_o he_o former_o say_v 2_o he_o say_v that_o he_o render_v himself_o to_o the_o mareschall_n whereas_o he_o ought_v to_o say_v that_o he_o render_v himself_o to_o the_o court_n for_o it_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o court_n that_o turn_v he_o over_o to_o the_o marshal_n roll_v chief_a justice_n he_o can_v render_v himself_o to_o sir_n john_n lenthal_n in_o discharge_n of_o his_o bail_n bail_n bail_n for_o only_o a_o judge_n can_v take_v and_o discharge_v a_o bail_n and_o not_o sir_n john_n lenthall_n but_o here_o it_o be_v that_o he_o do_v it_o in_o court_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o for_o he_o may_v render_v himself_o to_o sir_n john_n lenthall_n in_o court_n though_o out_o of_o court_n he_o can_v and_o therefore_o let_v the_o plaintif_n have_v his_o judgement_n rogers_n and_o do_v trin._n 1652._o banc._n sup_v pasch_fw-mi 1652._o rot_n 354._o in_o a_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o conversion_n for_o 3_o cart_n load_v of_o dats_fw-mi court_n argument_n upon_o a_o demurrer_n to_o a_o plea_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n barley_n and_o pease_n the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o special_a plea_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o the_o land_n where_o the_o trover_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v be_v 5_o acre_n of_o land_n lie_v in_o b._n and_o that_o be_v within_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n and_o that_o he_o hold_v the_o land_n for_o term_v of_o year_n and_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o do_v sow_v and_o take_v the_o corn_n thereupon_o grow_v and_o traverse_v the_o conversion_n out_o of_o the_o county_n palatine_n and_o aver_v that_o there_o be_v court_n of_o justice_n hold_v within_o the_o county_n palatine_n so_o that_o justice_n may_v there_o be_v have_v and_o say_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v sue_v within_o the_o county_n palatine_n and_o not_o elsewhere_o and_o therefore_o demand_v judgement_n if_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v sue_v in_o this_o court._n to_o this_o plea_n the_o plaintif_n demur_v and_o show_v for_o cause_n that_o the_o action_n be_v for_o a_o transitory_a matter_n it_o may_v be_v try_v out_o of_o the_o county_n palatine_n as_o well_o as_o within_o although_o if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o local_a matter_n it_o will_v be_v otherwise_o and_o the_o party_n here_o have_v plead_v not_o guilty_a which_o may_v be_v try_v any_o where_o cook_n instit_fw-la 282._o in_o some_o case_n a_o obligation_n hear_v date_n at_o chester_n may_v be_v sue_v in_o another_o place_n 19_o e._n 3._o fitz._n oar._n 29.45_o ed._n 3._o fitz._n visne_n 50.9_o jac._n c._n b._n richardson_n and_o meres_n a_o battery_n in_o chester_n tryable_a out_o of_o it_o 11_o h._n 4._o f._n 40._o crompton_n jurisdiction_n of_o court_n f._n 213._o transitory_a thing_n emergent_a in_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n may_v be_v try_v elsewhere_o 45_o e._n 3._o f._n 17._o and_o so_o it_o be_v pray_v the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v over_o sergeant_n glyn_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v that_o this_o plea_n be_v a_o good_a plea_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court._n here_o be_v many_o matter_n of_o fact_n confess_v and_o the_o matter_n in_o law_n be_v whether_o the_o title_n of_o the_o land_n within_o chester_n shall_v be_v try_v out_o of_o that_o jurisdiction_n in_o 31_o ed._n 1._o in_o the_o exchequer_n it_o be_v clear_a they_o have_v conusance_n of_o pleas._n roll_v chief_a justice_n to_o that_o answer_v but_o it_o be_v not_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v remove_v thence_o sergeant_n glyn_n proceed_v &_o say_v that_o also_o upon_o a_o reference_n to_o 4_o judge_n by_o queen_n elizabeth_n it_o be_v certify_v that_o all_o action_n real_a and_o personal_a arise_v in_o chester_n be_v tryable_a there_o and_o not_o elsewhere_o 22_o e._n 4._o fitz._n jurisd_v 61._o 21_o h._n 7._o f._n 23._o 1_o h._n 7.26_o 10_o h._n 6.14_o a_o h._n 4._o f._n 25._o as_o to_o the_o objection_n that_o this_o be_v a_o clear_a personal_a action_n and_o therefore_o transitory_a 1._o i_o deny_v the_o authority_n of_o cook_n in_o his_o 4_o institutes_n cite_v on_o the_o other_o side_n next_o the_o action_n here_o by_o the_o plead_n of_o it_o be_v make_v real_a and_o then_o though_o cook_n opinion_n shall_v be_v law_n it_o come_v not_o home_n to_o our_o case_n and_o a_o transitory_a action_n may_v be_v make_v real_a by_o the_o plead_n of_o it_o 27_o h._n 6._o f._n 1._o hill_n 38_o eliz._n banc._n sup_v hill_n 2_o car._n in_o belamy_n and_o bolthorps_n case_n in_o this_o court_n 6_o rep_n 14._o a_o thing_n be_v tryable_a there_o where_o the_o best_a conusance_n of_o it_o may_v be_v have_v 6_o h._n 7._o 3_o 2ly_n the_o averment_n of_o the_o party_n here_o be_v that_o all_o action_n personal_a and_o real_a within_o chester_n be_v tryable_a there_o and_o this_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n be_v confess_v by_o the_o demurrer_n 9_o h._n 7._o porter_n &_o nicholls_n in_o the_o exchequer_n 10_o car._n and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a inconvensence_n to_o try_v the_o title_n of_o land_n lie_v within_o chester_n out_o of_o it_o for_o so_o all_o cause_n real_a may_v as_o well_o be_v try_v in_o foreign_a county_n even_o through_o all_o england_n which_o will_v be_v very_o mischievous_a roll_v chief_a justice_n trial_n trial_n if_o we_o can_v avoid_v it_o it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o try_v cause_n in_o foreign_a county_n but_o here_o you_o have_v by_o your_o demurrer_n confess_v that_o all_o cause_n real_a and_o personal_a shall_v be_v try_v there_o and_o what_o say_v you_o to_o that_o 2_o issue_n traverse_n waiver_n issue_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o your_o traverse_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o your_o plea_n for_o you_o have_v waive_v the_o plea_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n and_o put_v yourself_o upon_o a_o issue_n by_o the_o traverse_n which_o you_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v do_v but_o you_o ought_v to_o have_v rely_v upon_o your_o plea_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n for_o as_o the_o traverse_n be_v take_v until_o a_o trial_n be_v have_v in_o the_o cause_n we_o can_v tell_v whether_o the_o trover_n and_o conversion_n be_v within_o the_o county_n palatine_n or_o out_o of_o it_o and_o this_o be_v matter_n of_o substance_n and_o tryable_a and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o maintain_v your_o plea._n at_o another_o day_n the_o case_n be_v argue_v again_o and_o first_o by_o twisden_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o he_o take_v three_o thing_n into_o consideration_n 1._o whether_o the_o plea_n be_v a_o mere_a plea_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n 2_o whether_o it_o be_v make_v good_a by_o the_o demurrer_n 3_o whether_o the_o traverse_n have_v not_o spoil_v the_o plea._n 1._o he_o hold_v the_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a because_o the_o action_n be_v mere_o transitory_a and_o may_v be_v lay_v in_o any_o place_n 2._o mar._n br._n traverse_v 983._o cook_n lit._n f._n 202._o and_o the_o defendant_n can_v plead_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o action_n lie_v in_o any_o other_o place_n than_o where_o the_o plaintiff_n lay_v it_o cook_n jurisd_v of_o court_n be_v full_a authority_n in_o point_n what_o ever_o be_v object_v against_o it_o 30_o h._n 6._o f._n 6._o i_o admit_v of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o county_n palatine_n but_o yet_o it_o must_v not_o entrench_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n and_o i_o admit_v all_o the_o book_n cite_v but_o they_o be_v of_o other_o local_a matter_n or_o of_o thing_n transitory_a which_o be_v fix_v to_o chester_n by_o the_o plead_n of_o they_o and_o dyer_n 122_o come_v not_o to_o our_o case_n nor_o cross_v the_o case_n of_o 10._o jac._n 3._o rep_v ridgwayes_o case_n and_o here_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o the_o jury_n may_v there_o have_v best_a conusance_n of_o the_o matter_n where_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v and_o not_o elsewhere_o although_o the_o action_n do_v savour_n of_o the_o land_n for_o the_o second_o matter_n the_o demurrer_n make_v not_o the_o plea_n good_a for_o the_o law_n say_v it_o be_v not_o good_a and_o the_o party_n can_v alter_v the_o law_n burtons_n case_n 5._o rep_n f._n 59_o 5_o h._n 7.1_o 3_o the_o traverse_n make_v not_o the_o plea_n good_a for_o the_o traverse_n be_v waive_v and_o he_o rely_v upon_o another_o matter_n 5._o car._n rot_v 817._o burton_n and_o cornish_n the_o traverse_v take_v take_v away_o the_o justification_n before_o plead_v so_o do_v it_o here_o and_o the_o traverse_v here_o be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v in_o a_o
find_v it_o if_o they_o see_v cause_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o that_o in_o the_o case_n at_o the_o bar_n the_o action_n may_v be_v as_o well_o ground_v upon_o the_o scandal_n which_o grow_v to_o the_o party_n who_o be_v indict_v as_o upon_o the_o trouble_n which_o may_v have_v befall_v he_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o prefer_v the_o bill_n against_o he_o helena_n pasc_n 23_o car._n b._n r._n a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n case_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n helena_n be_v a_o great_a witch_n and_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o be_v move_v to_o stay_v judgement_n because_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o they_o do_v not_o show_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v bewitch_v any_o thing_n or_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o bring_v she_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o statute_n 1._o jac._n against_o witchcraft_n judgement_n be_v hereupon_o stay_v williamson_n against_o henly_n pasc_n 23_o car._n banc._n reg._n trin._n 21_o car._n rot_v 362._o a_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o obligation_n obligation_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n the_o condition_n be_v that_o if_o the_o defendant_n do_v sell_v the_o tithe_n in_o ransom_n more_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v the_o plaintiff_n such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n but_o if_o he_o sell_v they_o not_o that_o then_o he_o shall_v deliver_v a_o obligation_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n therein_o express_v at_o a_o certain_a day_n therein_o limit_v and_o for_o non_fw-fr performance_n of_o the_o condition_n be_v the_o ation_n bring_v the_o plaintiff_n obtain_v a_o verdict_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n time_n time_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v convenient_a time_n for_o do_v of_o the_o thing_n express_v in_o the_o condition_n and_o that_o it_o appear_v not_o by_o the_o record_n that_o he_o have_v convenient_a time_n and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o the_o condition_n but_o the_o court_n hold_v that_o the_o time_n between_o the_o date_n of_o the_o obligation_n and_o the_o bring_n of_o the_o action_n be_v a_o conveninent_a time_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o second_o thing_n to_o be_v perform_v in_o case_n the_o former_a be_v not_o do_v that_o therefore_o that_o former_a thing_n ought_v to_o be_v do_v in_o some_o reasonable_a time_n else_o the_o party_n will_v be_v too_o much_o prejudice_v by_o stay_v to_o have_v the_o second_o thing_n perform_v and_o therefore_o rule_v that_o judgement_n shall_v be_v enter_v without_o better_a matter_n shall_v be_v show_v savage_n case_n pasc_n 23_o car._n b._n r._n savage_a be_v indict_v for_o forge_v and_o publish_v of_o letter_n of_o credence_n to_o gather_v money_n endictment_n error_n upon_o a_o judgement_n upon_o a_o endictment_n and_o be_v convict_v and_o judgement_n give_v against_o he_o upon_o his_o own_o confession_n and_o 100_o l._n fine_a set_v upon_o he_o et_fw-la quod_fw-la capiatur_fw-la exception_n be_v take_v to_o this_o judgement_n 1._o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v where_o he_o receive_v any_o money_n by_o virtue_n of_o these_o counterfeit_a letter_n nor_o at_o what_o time_n but_o the_o court_n answer_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o offence_n for_o which_o he_o be_v indict_v be_v endictment_n endictment_n the_o forge_n and_o publish_v of_o the_o letter_n and_o not_o the_o collect_v of_o the_o money_n for_o though_o he_o have_v not_o collect_v a_o penny_n yet_o the_o endictment_n be_v good_a a_o second_o exception_n be_v that_o the_o endictment_n do_v not_o say_v quod_fw-la counterfecit_fw-la falso_fw-la but_o the_o court_n hold_v that_o the_o word_n counterfecit_fw-la necessary_o employ_v in_o it_o the_o word_n falso_fw-la and_o so_o not_o material_a whether_o falso_fw-la be_v express_v or_o omit_v 3_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o party_n be_v commit_v before_o he_o be_v convict_v but_o to_o this_o the_o court_n answer_v conviction_n conviction_n that_o he_o be_v commit_v upon_o his_o own_o confession_n which_o be_v a_o conviction_n in_o law_n and_o the_o judgement_n hold_v good_a and_o affirm_v needler_n and_o guest_n pasc_n 23_o car._n banc._n reg._n enter_v trin_n 1649._o rot_n needler_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o guest_n covenant_n arte_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o breach_n of_o covenant_n upon_o article_n among_o which_o one_o be_v to_o allow_v such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o a_o under_o clerk_n in_o the_o six_o clerk_n office_n by_o the_o sheet_n for_o every_o choir_n of_o paper_n he_o shall_v writein_v copy_v and_o engross_n of_o bill_n answer_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o say_a article_n and_o upon_o this_o needler_n obtain_v a_o verdict_n against_o guest_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n divers_a exception_n be_v take_v and_o overrule_v but_o one_o be_v insist_v upon_o which_o be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v more_o find_v in_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o covenant_n assign_v then_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o covenant_n itself_o for_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o have_v not_o pay_v for_o 72_o sheet_n which_o be_v 5_o choir_n and_o a_o half_a and_o so_o damage_n be_v give_v for_o more_o than_o aught_o to_o be_v breach_n breach_n for_o the_o covenant_n be_v to_o pay_v so_o much_o the_o choir_n and_o mention_n not_o any_o half_a damage_n damage_n and_o for_o this_o the_o judgement_n be_v stay_v for_o the_o court_n say_v that_o the_o law_n will_v not_o supply_v a_o casus_fw-la omissus_fw-la to_o bring_v it_o within_o the_o covenant_n to_o ground_v a_o breach_n thereupon_o supply_v supply_v what_o ever_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n be_v that_o be_v party_n to_o the_o article_n whitley_n and_o fawsett_n pasc_n 23_o car._n banc._n reg_fw-la whitley_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trover_n cattle_n action_n of_o proven_n for_o distrain_v &_o sell_v his_o cattle_n and_o conversion_n against_o fawsett_n for_o take_v his_o cattle_n by_o way_n of_o distress_n and_o sell_v they_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o warrant_n of_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n for_o not_o pay_v of_o a_o tax_v set_v by_o they_o towards_o the_o reparation_n of_o sea_n wall_n the_o defendant_n plead_v all_o the_o special_a matter_n by_o way_n of_o justification_n the_o plaintiff_n demur_n to_o this_o plea_n and_o upon_o the_o demurrer_n take_v these_o exception_n to_o it_o 1._o to_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o the_o commission_n in_o that_o he_o show_v not_o that_o three_o of_o the_o commissioner_n be_v of_o the_o quorum_n the_o second_o exception_n be_v that_o in_o his_o plea_n he_o have_v not_o sâ—t_v forth_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o commissioner_n to_o that_o the_o court_n answer_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a 3_o that_o the_o plea_n be_v but_o argumentative_a which_o make_v it_o naught_o 4_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v 800._o acre_n of_o land_n which_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n tax_n tax_n which_o be_v not_o tax_v as_o by_o law_n they_o ought_v and_o so_o the_o tax_n be_v unjust_a because_o by_o the_o not_o tax_v of_o they_o a_o great_a burden_n be_v lay_v upon_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o land_n than_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o be_v and_o this_o the_o court_n hold_v a_o good_a exception_n and_o say_v that_o the_o king_n land_n be_v taxable_a by_o the_o statute_n 5_o the_o statute_n be_v not_o plead_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v 6_o it_o do_v not_o express_v that_o whitley_n in_o who_o occupation_n the_o land_n be_v that_o be_v tax_v be_v the_o assignee_n to_o lynsee_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o land_n but_o he_o may_v be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o so_o not_o taxable_a nor_o his_o beast_n to_o be_v sell_v 7_o it_o be_v not_o set_v forth_o that_o he_o show_v his_o warrant_n before_o he_o distrain_v as_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v distress_n distress_n in_o this_o case_n the_o court_n first_o say_v that_o one_o may_v distrain_v and_o sell_v the_o cattle_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o land_n tax_v or_o his_o assignee_n for_o non_fw-la payment_n thereof_o sale_n sale_n but_o doubt_v whether_o a_o stranger_n cattle_n may_v be_v distrain_v and_o sell_v roll_v justice_n take_v these_o exception_n to_o the_o plea_n 1._o plea_n plea_n that_o the_o plea_n do_v not_o set_v forth_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o commission_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o be_v therefore_o ill_o 2_o he_o say_v the_o plea_n ought_v to_o have_v show_v that_o three_o of_o the_o commissioner_n be_v of_o the_o quorum_n 3_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o plea_n that_o the_o land_n tax_v where_o the_o distress_n be_v make_v be_v within_o the_o level_n to_o be_v tax_v by_o the_o commissioner_n 4_o the_o tax_n be_v of_o the_o land_n of_o such_o a_o one_o and_o his_o assign_n and_o this_o be_v
too_o general_o express_v and_o can_v be_v levy_v equal_o by_o such_o a_o tax_n 5_o the_o plea_n set_v not_o forth_o that_o there_o be_v any_o notice_n give_v to_o whitley_n of_o the_o tax_v make_v before_o the_o distress_n take_v as_o there_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v and_o for_o these_o reason_n he_o conclude_v that_o the_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a bacon_n justice_n hold_v first_o waiver_n waiver_n that_o the_o party_n have_v waive_v his_o benefit_n of_o the_o plea_n give_v he_o by_o the_o statute_n by_o plead_v special_o and_o he_o ought_v to_o make_v good_a his_o plea_n as_o he_o have_v plead_v it_o at_o his_o own_o peril_n he_o hold_v likewise_o that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v notice_n give_v of_o the_o tax_n and_o a_o demand_n of_o it_o before_o any_o distress_n may_v be_v take_v and_o that_o the_o plea_n be_v defective_a in_o this_o 3_o notice_n notice_n that_o he_o can_v sell_v a_o stranger_n good_n for_o the_o tax_n as_o whitley_n be_v for_o aught_o that_o appear_v in_o the_o plea_n 4_o demand_v demand_v by_o the_o plea_n it_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v distrayn_v one_o acre_n of_o land_n for_o all_o the_o tax_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v and_o upon_o these_o exception_n the_o rule_n be_v for_o the_o defendant_n to_o show_v cause_n before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n why_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v not_o have_v judgement_n sir_n maurice_n abbot_n pasc_n 23_o car._n banc._n reg_fw-la sir_n maurice_n abbot_n have_v a_o judgement_n against_o one_o and_o die_v judgement_n motion_n to_o vacate_v a_o judgement_n and_o three_o year_n after_o execution_n be_v take_v out_o in_o his_o name_n upon_o the_o judgement_n the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o vacate_v this_o judgement_n but_o will_v not_o for_o they_o say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o help_n in_o this_o case_n but_o by_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n error_n ☞_o error_n except_o there_o can_v be_v any_o fraud_n prove_v in_o the_o proceedding_n and_o then_o the_o court_n will_v take_v order_n to_o help_v the_o party_n grieve_v fraud_n fraud_n and_o thereupon_o rule_v to_o examine_v the_o attorney_n and_o the_o party_n whether_o there_o be_v due_a proceed_n or_o no._n vill_n de_fw-fr charleton_n in_o kent_n pasc_n 23_o car._n banc._n reg_fw-la a_o man_n be_v kill_v at_o charleton_n in_o kent_n amercement_n motion_n to_o quash_n a_o presentment_n and_o take_v off_o amercement_n upon_o which_o the_o coroner_n take_v a_o inquest_n and_o return_v it_o into_o the_o crown_n office_n upon_o this_o a_o presentment_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o the_o crown_n office_n against_o the_o vill._n of_o charleton_n and_o find_v and_o thereupon_o issue_n go_v out_o against_o the_o vill_n it_o be_v move_v for_o the_o vill_n to_o have_v they_o discharge_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o presentment_n be_v not_o good_a for_o it_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 3_o h._n 7._o chap._n and_o set_v forth_o that_o such_o a_o person_n be_v kill_v at_o charleton_n and_o that_o the_o murderer_n flee_v away_o in_o the_o night_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o vill._n be_v not_o liable_a to_o be_v amerce_v within_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o murderer_n ought_v to_o escape_v in_o the_o day_n by_o the_o statute_n amercement_n amercement_n and_o not_o in_o the_o night_n and_o for_o this_o it_o be_v quash_v and_o the_o amercement_n discharge_v 23_o car._n banc._n reg_fw-la the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o quash_n a_o order_n of_o session_n bastard_n for_o quash_a a_o order_n of_o the_o session_n of_o peace_n for_o keep_v a_o bastard_n make_v for_o the_o keep_n of_o a_o bastard_n child_n and_o these_o exception_n be_v take_v to_o the_o order_n first_o the_o order_n be_v that_o the_o party_n shall_v pay_v a_o weekly_a sum_n for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o child_n whereas_o no_o such_o order_n can_v be_v make_v without_o the_o party_n consent_n for_o by_o the_o statute_n he_o be_v only_a compellable_n to_o secure_v the_o parish_n where_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v any_o charge_n to_o the_o parish_n another_o exception_n be_v that_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o the_o justice_n have_v any_o power_n to_o make_v any_o order_n at_o all_o in_o the_o case_n for_o it_o appear_v not_o where_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v it_o be_v bear_v in_o a_o other_o county_n where_o these_o justice_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o act_n any_o thing_n concern_v it_o upon_o these_o exception_n it_o be_v quash_v the_o court_n be_v move_v for_o a_o certiorari_fw-la to_o the_o court_n of_o sandwich_n cinque-port_n for_o a_o certicratio_fw-la to_o remove_v endictment_n out_o of_o one_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n to_o remove_v four_o endictment_n there_o for_o shoot_v in_o a_o gun_n and_o pull_v up_o of_o a_o post_n because_o the_o fact_n for_o which_o the_o party_n be_v indict_v be_v not_o do_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n but_o because_o sandwich_n be_v one_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n and_o it_o have_v be_v a_o question_n heretofore_o whether_o this_o court_n can_v send_v such_o a_o writ_n thither_o the_o rule_n be_v only_o for_o cause_n to_o be_v show_v why_o a_o certiorari_fw-la shall_v not_o be_v grant_v tory._n pasc_n 23_o car._n banc._n reg._n tory_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o false_a imprisonment_n against_o i._n s._n simul_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a trespass_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o a_o verdict_n be_v give_v against_o he_o for_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o declare_v against_o i._n s._n by_o name_n sole_o and_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v joint_o against_o he_o with_o the_o other_o name_v they_o also_o because_o the_o trespass_n be_v joint_a and_o not_o against_o i._o s._n alone_o but_o the_o court_n hold_v that_o the_o declaration_n be_v good_a because_o it_o be_v with_o a_o simul_fw-la cum_fw-la although_o the_o person_n be_v not_o name_v declaration_n declaration_n and_o say_v that_o this_o be_v the_o constant_a course_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o that_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la against_o one_o simul_fw-la cum_fw-la have_v be_v rule_v to_o be_v good_a â—â—mae_fw-la ejectio_fw-la ne_fw-la â—â—mae_fw-la and_o so_o use_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n although_o heretofore_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o contrary_a yet_o the_o judgement_n be_v stay_v till_o the_o other_o shall_v move_v jones_n against_o young_a pasc_n 23_o car._n banc._n reg._n hill_n 22_o car._n rot_v 1857._o iones_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o assault_n and_o battery_n against_o young_a young_a justify_v as_o servant_n to_o i._o s._n because_o trespass_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o trespass_n that_o jones_n come_v to_o fish_n in_o the_o several_a piscary_n of_o his_o master_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v and_o two_o exception_n take_v 1._o that_o whereas_o young_a have_v in_o his_o plea_n of_o justification_n entitle_v his_o master_n to_o the_o several_a piscary_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n he_o have_v not_o show_v that_o the_o king_n be_v seize_v of_o this_o several_a piscary_n jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v the_o king_n have_v no_o power_n to_o grant_v it_o 2_o he_o do_v not_o show_v his_o letter_n patent_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v because_o he_o derive_v a_o title_n by_o they_o title_n title_n the_o rule_n be_v to_o show_v cause_n saturday_n next_o why_o the_o judgement_n shall_v not_o be_v reverse_v the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n against_o mrs._n samford_n pasc_n 23._o banc._n reg._n in_o a_o trover_n and_o conversion_n bring_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n against_o mrs._n samford_n for_o certain_a jewel_n the_o trover_n be_v lay_v to_o be_v in_o kent_n but_o the_o offer_v the_o good_n to_o sell_v be_v the_o conversion_n of_o they_o be_v in_o london_n it_o be_v doubt_v where_o the_o trial_n shall_v be_v and_o the_o court_n say_v that_o general_o a_o transitory_a action_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v where_o the_o fact_n be_v do_v venire_fw-la venire_fw-la yet_o the_o party_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o lay_v it_o there_o but_o may_v lay_v it_o in_o another_o county_n and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v bring_v his_o action_n where_o the_o jewel_n be_v sell_v and_o that_o be_v in_o london_n as_o well_o as_o in_o kent_n where_o the_o trover_n be_v lay_v trover_n trover_n for_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n to_o wit_v the_o conversion_n be_v in_o london_n though_o part_n of_o it_o namely_o the_o trover_n be_v lay_v to_o be_v in_o kent_n base_o and_o baseley_n pasc_n 23_o
ridley_n and_o emerson_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v pasch_fw-mi 24_o car._n rot_v 400._o the_o case_n between_o ridley_n and_o emerson_n be_v again_o speak_v unto_o obligation_n argument_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n it_o be_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n in_o the_o common_a pleas._n the_o condition_n of_o the_o obligation_n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v not_o put_v cattle_n upon_o a_o common_a viz._n ransom_n moor_n before_o the_o proof_n and_o trial_n of_o the_o title_n of_o the_o common_a be_v have_v the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o do_v not_o put_v in_o his_o cattle_n the_o plaintif_n reply_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v put_v three_o mare_n there_o before_o the_o proof_n or_o trial_n a_o exception_n be_v take_v that_o there_o be_v variance_n between_o the_o replication_n and_o rejoynder_n and_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o obligation_n variance_n variance_n and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o good_a twisden_n of_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v that_o it_o be_v good_a enough_o notwithstanding_o because_o it_o be_v after_o a_o verdict_n and_o there_o be_v a_o good_a issue_n join_v holhead_n on_o the_o contrary_a hold_v it_o ill_o 1._o because_o the_o replication_n do_v not_o assign_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o obligation_n 2_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o condition_n he_o shall_v not_o put_v cattle_n into_o our_o common_a and_o the_o replication_n be_v that_o he_o do_v put_v cattle_n into_o such_o a_o common_a name_v it_o and_o do_v not_o show_v where_o the_o common_a lie_n 3_o there_o be_v variance_n between_o the_o declaration_n and_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n 4_o there_o be_v a_o name_n mistake_v for_o in_o one_o place_n it_o be_v matheum_n and_o in_o another_o it_o be_v mathiae_fw-la the_o court_n bid_v they_o advise_v and_o bring_v book_n to_o the_o judge_n brungy_a against_o lee._n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1649._o rot_n 1491._o brungy_a bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o lee_n trespass_n demurrer_n upon_o a_o plea_n in_o trespass_n for_o take_v of_o a_o mare_n and_o impound_v she_o till_o the_o plaintif_n have_v pay_v 10_o l._n the_o defendant_n plead_v by_o way_n of_o justification_n that_o he_o do_v distrain_v she_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o order_n make_v by_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n for_o a_o tax_v assess_v by_o they_o upon_o the_o plaintif_n the_o plaintif_a demur_v to_o this_o plea_n and_o show_v for_o cause_n 1._o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o commissioner_n who_o impose_v the_o tax_n have_v authority_n to_o do_v it_o for_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v by_o six_o of_o they_o and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v here_o that_o they_o be_v more_o in_o number_n than_o four_o 2_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o of_o the_o quorum_fw-la as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v plea_n plea_n 3_o there_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v any_o fault_n in_o the_o plaintif_a why_o he_o shall_v be_v tax_v 4_o the_o number_n of_o the_o acre_n of_o land_n do_v not_o appear_v upon_o which_o the_o tax_n be_v lay_v 5_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o land_n tax_v do_v lie_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o commissioner_n upon_o these_o exception_n the_o plea_n be_v overrule_v coal_n against_o sibsye_n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v coal_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o conversion_n against_o sibsye_n conversion_n demurrer_n upon_o a_o replication_n in_o trover_n and_o conversion_n the_o defendant_n plead_v the_o statute_n of_o limitation_n of_o action_n in_o bar._n the_o plaintif_n reply_v that_o he_o take_v out_o a_o latitat_fw-la such_o a_o term_n against_o the_o defendant_n for_o this_o cause_n now_o depend_v which_o be_v within_o the_o time_n limit_v by_o the_o statute_n to_o this_o replication_n the_o defendant_n demur_v and_o for_o cause_n show_v that_o it_o be_v incertain_a and_o so_o no_o issue_n can_v be_v join_v upon_o it_o for_o it_o only_o say_v that_o he_o take_v out_o a_o latitat_fw-la such_o a_o term_n and_o do_v not_o show_v what_o day_n of_o the_o term_n he_o take_v it_o out_o and_o so_o we_o can_v take_v issue_n upon_o it_o and_o the_o usual_a form_n be_v to_o show_v the_o day_n latch_n maintain_v the_o replication_n and_o say_v it_o be_v good_a in_o matter_n of_o substance_n and_o the_o latitat_fw-la shall_v be_v intend_v to_o issue_v forth_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o term_n term._n term._n for_o all_o the_o term_n be_v but_o one_o day_n in_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o defendant_n may_v take_v a_o certain_a issue_n as_o it_o be_v plead_v roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v you_o ought_v to_o have_v show_v the_o testae_fw-la of_o the_o latitat_fw-la time_n time_n for_o the_o time_n be_v material_a in_o this_o case_n viz._n to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v sue_v forth_o within_o the_o time_n express_v in_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o limitation_n of_o action_n or_o without_o namely_o within_o six_o year_n or_o no_o and_o you_o may_v have_v make_v it_o certain_a by_o your_o plead_n it_o special_o jerman_n differ_v in_o opinion_n and_o thereupon_o the_o court_n take_v time_n to_o advise_v vid._n antea_fw-la custodes_fw-la etc._n etc._n against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o owtwell_n tide_n newton_n etc._n etc._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v upon_o a_o retorn_a read_v of_o certain_a order_n make_v by_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n sewer_n for_o exception_n and_o answer_n to_o they_o upon_o a_o retorn_a of_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o outwell_n remove_v hither_o by_o the_o say_a inhabitant_n by_o a_o certiorari_fw-la these_o exception_n be_v take_v 1._o there_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v any_o adjournment_n of_o the_o commission_n adjournment_n adjournment_n but_o to_o this_o the_o court_n answer_v that_o it_o need_v not_o hales_v say_v that_o the_o charge_n of_o reparation_n of_o a_o breach_n in_o sea-wall_n which_o happen_v by_o inevitable_a necessity_n aught_o to_o be_v repair_v by_o the_o whole_a level_n and_o not_o by_o any_o particular_a vill_n or_o person_n and_o 2_o the_o charge_n ought_v to_o be_v lay_v indifferent_o but_o here_o be_v a_o particular_a custom_n of_o which_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n may_v take_v notice_n and_o therefore_o the_o commissioner_n be_v not_o compel_v to_o lay_v the_o tax_n equal_o upon_o the_o land_n within_o the_o vill_n for_o the_o custom_n may_v be_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o yet_o have_v a_o reasonable_a construction_n custom_n custom_n and_o this_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o marshland_n for_o the_o speedy_a repair_n of_o breach_n to_o prevent_v public_a danger_n and_o afterward_o the_o tax_n be_v equal_o distribute_v upon_o the_o vills_n adjacent_a and_o a_o implication_n in_o a_o retorn_a make_v by_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n be_v good_a enough_o retorn_a retorn_a maynard_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v that_o the_o custom_n be_v well_o set_v forth_o for_o the_o general_a charge_n for_o the_o present_a necessity_n and_o afterward_o the_o particular_a inhabitant_n charge_v shall_v have_v remedy_n against_o the_o other_o inhabitant_n to_o make_v they_o contribute_v as_o it_o be_v in_o doctor_n lamb_n case_n that_o be_v flain_v in_o a_o vproar_n in_o london_n where_o the_o city_n be_v fine_v general_o but_o the_o citizen_n afterward_o contribute_v to_o the_o payment_n of_o it_o for_o all_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o charge_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o it_o may_v be_v also_o by_o the_o prescription_n 9_o 10_o ed._n 3._o f._n 8_o 9_o the_o court_n reprove_v the_o council_n and_o say_v you_o ought_v not_o to_o argue_v two_o of_o you_o at_o one_o time_n on_o the_o same_o side_n except_o it_o be_v upon_o conclusion_n of_o the_o argument_n at_o bar_n in_o the_o cause_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v the_o tax_n ought_v to_o be_v particular_a but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o township_n if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o custom_n for_o it_o and_o such_o a_o custom_n may_v be_v reasonable_a and_o it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o destroy_v it_o for_o fear_v of_o the_o public_a danger_n that_o may_v arise_v by_o do_v it_o retorn_a retorn_a and_o for_o the_o retorn_a of_o the_o commissioner_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o strict_a as_o our_o plead_n be_v the_o court_n give_v twisden_n time_n till_o that_o day_n seven_o night_n to_o be_v hear_v on_o the_o other_o side_n at_o which_o time_n to_o the_o exception_n that_o be_v take_v that_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o lynn_n regis_n be_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o commission_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o the_o tax_n be_v make_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o do_v appear_v to_o the_o second_o exception_n take_v that_o here_o
be_v a_o new_a bank_n or_o wall_n order_v to_o be_v make_v and_o not_o the_o repair_n the_o old_a and_o this_o be_v not_o within_o the_o commission_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o make_n of_o the_o new_a bank_n be_v but_o to_o strengthen_v the_o old_a bank_n and_o so_o be_v but_o a_o repair_n of_o a_o old_a work_n and_o not_o the_o make_n of_o of_o a_o new_a 2_o the_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v make_v by_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n interest_v in_o the_o benefit_n which_o may_v accrue_v by_o the_o make_n of_o it_o as_o to_o the_o exception_n that_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o tide_n and_o newton_n be_v within_o the_o hundred_o of_o witsbitch_n touch_v which_o only_a this_o commission_n of_o sewer_n be_v grant_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o intend_v and_o it_o be_v also_o so_o find_v to_o the_o exception_n that_o the_o new_a bank_n be_v make_v in_o another_o manner_n than_o the_o old_a bank_n and_o so_o it_o be_v a_o new_a work_n and_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o the_o party_n tax_v have_v any_o benefit_n by_o it_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o drayner_n have_v do_v any_o thing_n for_o their_o own_o benefit_n in_o the_o make_v this_o bank_n nor_o be_v any_o cause_n of_o make_v the_o new_a bank_n to_o the_o exception_n that_o it_o be_v not_o present_v where_o the_o bank_n be_v it_o be_v answer_v it_o be_v certain_a enough_o set_v forth_o in_o the_o presentment_n and_o presentment_n be_v not_o require_v to_o be_v so_o precise_a as_o other_o plead_n be_v to_o the_o exception_n that_o tide_n and_o newton_n ought_v not_o to_o make_v the_o bank_n because_o other_o town_n use_v to_o do_v it_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o for_o make_v it_o in_o the_o new_a manner_n the_o other_o vills_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v it_o alone_o but_o those_o also_o that_o receive_v the_o benefit_n by_o it_o these_o exception_n follow_v be_v also_o take_v to_o the_o lay_n of_o the_o tax_n 1._o that_o all_o the_o land_n within_o the_o vill_n of_o newton_n and_o tide_n be_v not_o charge_v but_o so_o many_o acre_n in_o one_o and_o so_o many_o in_o another_o to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v more_o acre_n than_o be_v tax_v either_o in_o tide_n or_o newton_n 2_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o the_o low_a ground_n be_v equal_o tax_v which_o be_v not_o indifferent_a for_o some_o acre_n be_v of_o a_o great_a value_n than_o other_o be_v to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o for_o aught_o that_o do_v appear_v they_o be_v of_o a_o equal_a value_n 3_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o sell_v the_o distress_n take_v because_o the_o vill_n do_v not_o bring_v in_o the_o number_n of_o acre_n by_o the_o officer_n appoint_v by_o the_o commissioner_n to_o do_v it_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o they_o may_v sell_v the_o good_n or_o allow_v a_o replevin_n and_o second_o here_o appear_v not_o to_o be_v any_o distress_n or_o impound_v of_o the_o good_n sergeant_n barnard_n on_o the_o other_o side_n first_o he_o say_v that_o all_o the_o exception_n be_v not_o open_v and_o the_o first_o exception_n be_v not_o answer_v for_o it_o appear_v not_o by_o averment_n that_o the_o vill_n tax_v be_v within_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o commission_n as_o it_o ought_v do_v 2_o h._n 7._o f._n 13._o nor_o be_v the_o second_o exception_n answer_v and_o although_o the_o council_n may_v at_o the_o find_n of_o the_o commission_n have_v take_v it_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v take_v now_o and_o it_o be_v not_o show_v how_o the_o old_a bank_n be_v insufficient_a nor_o what_o the_o charge_n will_v be_v to_o repair_v it_o nor_o be_v it_o show_v how_o tide_n and_o newton_n be_v in_o danger_n by_o the_o not_o repair_v and_o make_v of_o the_o new_a bank_n also_o the_o commissioner_n have_v exceed_v their_o authority_n in_o exceed_v the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o tax_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o bank_n and_o the_o tax_v aught_o to_o be_v lay_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v to_o be_v tax_v and_o here_o do_v not_o appear_v how_o many_o acre_n be_v in_o the_o several_a vill_n nor_o whether_o the_o tax_n do_v extend_v to_o all_o and_o the_o good_a land_n and_o bad_a land_n be_v also_o equal_o tax_v neither_o aught_o there_o to_o be_v a_o new_a tax_v impose_v upon_o one_o vill_n to_o ease_v another_o which_o by_o the_o custom_n ought_v to_o repair_v the_o bank_n and_o they_o have_v also_o make_v a_o new_a officer_n here_o which_o by_o the_o statute_n they_o have_v not_o authority_n and_o have_v make_v a_o order_n to_o punish_v one_o for_o refuse_v this_o office_n by_o distress_n of_o his_o good_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v and_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o refuse_v a_o replevin_n of_o the_o distress_n take_v as_o they_o have_v here_o do_v and_o the_o land_n only_o that_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o tax_n be_v to_o be_v distrain_v for_o it_o and_o not_o the_o good_n of_o another_o that_o be_v not_o within_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o commission_n and_o upon_o these_o exception_n he_o pray_v the_o presentment_n may_v be_v quash_v roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v we_o will_v not_o make_v all_o the_o law_n void_a for_o some_o exception_n therefore_o give_v notice_n upon_o what_o exception_n you_o will_v stand_v upon_o maynard_n answer_v upon_o these_o 1._o that_o there_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v such_o a_o tax_v lay_v because_o the_o land_n tax_v be_v not_o within_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o commission_n for_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o they_o be_v within_o the_o hundred_o of_o wisbitch_n 2_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n within_o all_o the_o vill_n be_v not_o tax_v which_o ought_v to_o be_v because_o they_o have_v equal_a benefit_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o presentment_n the_o court_n order_v it_o shall_v be_v move_v again_o the_o next_o term_n and_o roll_v chief_a justice_n ask_v why_o the_o drainer_n shall_v not_o discharge_v this_o charge_n who_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o they_o receive_v benefit_n by_o their_o drain_n and_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a they_o shall_v prejudice_v other_o by_o it_o postea_fw-la pymm_n and_o morgan_n alias_z bambery_n and_o base_o mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v this_o case_n be_v again_o move_v upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la wherein_o the_o question_n be_v firmae_fw-la argument_n upon_o a_o case_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la whether_o the_o estate_n of_o mary_n morgan_n that_o be_v settle_v 13_o car._n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o ordinance_n of_o parliament_n make_v 1645._o and_o which_o look_v back_o to_o 1641._o which_o be_v after_o 13_o caroli_n it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o council_n that_o argue_v against_o the_o ordinance_n that_o it_o be_v not_o because_o the_o ordinance_n be_v make_v against_o a_o dead_a man_n 2_o the_o estate_n of_o morgan_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o state_n and_o they_o out_o of_o it_o do_v make_v a_o estate_n for_o pymm_n with_o retrospection_n to_o the_o year_n 1641_o and_o no_o further_o and_o therefore_o the_o estate_n settle_v before_o that_o time_n be_v not_o take_v away_o and_o if_o a_o statute_n have_v a_o double_a sense_n one_o against_o common_a justice_n and_o the_o other_o with_o common_a justice_n in_o equal_a balance_n it_o shall_v be_v interpret_v in_o the_o better_a sense_n and_o that_o that_o have_v be_v object_v that_o there_o be_v a_o power_n of_o revocation_n in_o the_o settlement_n be_v not_o material_a for_o morgan_n be_v now_o dead_a and_o so_o this_o personal_a power_n be_v now_o go_v and_o shall_v not_o hurt_v the_o settlement_n a_o second_o reason_n be_v take_v from_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o ordinance_n which_o consist_v of_o three_o part_n 1._o the_o parliament_n injure_v 2_o morgan_z the_o offender_n punish_v 3_o pymm_n reward_v and_o the_o ordinance_n shall_v not_o be_v stretch_v to_o punish_v mary_n who_o have_v a_o particular_a interest_n although_o there_o be_v not_o a_o express_v save_v for_o she_o in_o the_o ordinance_n 21_o h._n 7.4_o blow_n comment_fw-fr 487_o 7_o car._n porter_n and_o bellingham_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o ordinance_n may_v appear_v because_o the_o remainder_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o common_a wealth_n and_o in_o doubtful_a construction_n of_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n that_o shall_v be_v take_v interpretation_n interpretation_n which_o make_v all_o part_n of_o the_o ordinance_n or_o statute_n stand_v together_o and_o such_o be_v the_o construction_n here_o in_o not_o interrupt_v the_o estate_n of_o mary_n but_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o right_n of_o the_o daughter_n be_v provide_v for_o if_o they_o claim_v from_o another_o ancestor_n and_o
himself_o and_o 2_o for_o a_o contempt_n to_o the_o court_n and_o because_o he_o will_v not_o find_v ball_n and_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o warrant_v for_o his_o commitment_n be_v not_o good_a for_o he_o be_v not_o commit_v for_o matter_n arise_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o they_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n but_o the_o court_n bid_v they_o proceed_v upon_o their_o prohibition_n bail_n bail_n for_o they_o will_v not_o release_v the_o prisoner_n but_o if_o you_o will_v you_o may_v move_v it_o again_o friday_n next_o gilbert_n against_o marden_n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1649._o rot_n 942._o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o remove_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o open_v the_o record_n pleas._n error_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o the_o common_a pleas._n twisden_n take_v exception_n that_o the_o record_n be_v not_o remove_v for_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n be_v give_v coram_fw-la petro_n pheasant_n and_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v to_o rectify_v a_o record_n quod_fw-la coram_fw-la vobis_fw-la reside_v the_o court_n abate_v the_o writ_n of_o error_n for_o this_o exception_n abatement_n abatement_n smith_n against_o andrews_n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v andrews_n a_o attorney_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o smith_n case_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n for_o speak_v of_o these_o word_n against_o he_o he_o mean_v the_o plaintif_a stir_v up_o man_n to_o suit_n and_o promise_v that_o if_o he_o recover_v not_o for_o they_o he_o will_v take_v no_o fee_n and_o yet_o in_o a_o suit_n which_o he_o so_o undertake_v for_o i_o wherein_o i_o be_v overthrow_v he_o take_v charge_n of_o i_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v there_o be_v a_o verdict_n and_o a_o judgement_n for_o the_o plaintif_n the_o defendant_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o for_o cause_n it_o be_v show_v by_o maynard_n that_o there_o be_v entire_a damage_n give_v for_o divers_a word_n speak_v at_o one_o time_n whereof_o some_o be_v actionable_a and_o other_o not_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v and_o 2_o the_o word_n in_o themselves_o be_v not_o actionable_a for_o a_o attorney_n may_v stir_v up_o man_n to_o suit_n if_o their_o suit_n be_v lawful_a which_o roll_v chief_a justice_n deny_v 17_o car._n gibson_n and_o baxter_n maintenance_n maintenance_n and_o he_o say_v that_o a_o attorney_n may_v prosecute_v his_o client_n cause_n without_o seed_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o maintenance_n trin._n 16_o car._n hill_n and_o sands_n his_o case_n hale_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a for_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o worst_a sense_n and_o he_o also_o show_v how_o he_o have_v stir_v up_o suit_n in_o a_o unlawful_a manner_n viz._n by_o make_v of_o bargain_n with_o man_n at_o market_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o such_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la and_o this_o be_v a_o special_a maintenance_n for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o attorney_n and_o therefore_o lawful_a but_o here_o be_v other_o word_n speak_v to_o show_v that_o he_o stir_v up_o suit_n unlawful_o and_o the_o stir_v up_o of_o suit_n and_o make_v bargain_n to_o follow_v they_o be_v in_o itself_o unlawful_a and_o great_a inconvenience_n do_v grow_v by_o such_o manner_n of_o practise_v and_o all_o the_o word_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v together_o and_o not_o divide_o for_o so_o you_o may_v make_v any_o word_n not_o actionable_a jerman_n justice_n hold_v the_o word_n be_v actionable_a because_o they_o be_v a_o great_a scandal_n and_o trench_v to_o destroy_v the_o plaintiff_n livelihood_n &_o practice_n and_o say_v that_o attorney_n ought_v not_o to_o go_v to_o market_n to_o get_v practice_n &_o the_o word_n speak_v be_v to_o show_v he_o be_v a_o stirrer_n up_o of_o suit_n and_o to_o show_v that_o he_o be_v a_o false_a dealer_n and_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o common_a acception_n and_o not_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la nicholas_n as_o jerman_n and_o that_o the_o word_n take_v together_o be_v actionable_a ask_v justice_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n whereupon_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v except_o better_a matter_n shall_v be_v show_v monday_n next_o john_n against_o leviston_n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v â—ohns_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o leviston_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la that_o the_o defendant_n will_v enter_v into_o a_o judgement_n unto_o the_o plaintif_n for_o so_o much_o money_n as_o sir_n john_n hall_n do_v owe_v unto_o the_o plaintif_n if_o the_o plaintif_n will_v take_v common_a bail_n of_o he_o the_o defendant_n assumpsit_fw-la arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la if_o hall_n shall_v dse_v before_o such_o a_o day_n and_o for_o not_o perform_v this_o promise_n the_o action_n be_v bring_v upon_o non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la plead_v there_o be_v a_o issue_n join_v and_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o show_v that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v any_o notice_n give_v by_o the_o plaintif_n to_o the_o defendant_n how_o much_o money_n be_v due_a to_o the_o plaintif_n from_o sir_n john_n hall_n as_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v you_o do_v undertake_v to_o know_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la how_o much_o money_n he_o do_v owe_v and_o notice_n be_v not_o necessary_a notice_n notice_n and_o if_o it_o be_v he_o may_v have_v go_v to_o sir_n john_n hall_n to_o tell_v he_o and_o so_o it_o shall_v not_o only_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o defendant_n himself_o but_o that_o he_o may_v have_v also_o knowledge_n of_o it_o by_o other_o jerman_n justice_n doubt_v but_o nicholas_n and_o ask_v judge_n be_v of_o roll_n opinion_n and_o the_o plaintif_n order_v to_o take_v his_o judgement_n if_o better_a matter_n be_v not_o show_v custodes_fw-la libertat_fw-la etc._n etc._n against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o outwell_n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v this_o case_n be_v again_o move_v they_o exception_n uâ—on_v a_o order_n of_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n and_o answer_n to_o they_o wherein_o upon_o a_o presentment_n make_v to_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n a_o order_n be_v make_v by_o they_o to_o reimburse_v the_o dike-réeves_a for_o money_n expend_v in_o repair_v a_o sea_n wall_n by_o lay_v a_o tax_n upon_o divers_a vill_n among_o which_o owtwell_n be_v one_o divers_a exception_n have_v be_v former_o take_v to_o the_o presentment_n and_o order_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v 1._o object_v that_o the_o commissioner_n can_v alter_v the_o usual_a custom_n for_o make_v the_o tax_n as_o they_o have_v here_o do_v and_o therefore_o their_o order_n be_v not_o good_a it_o be_v answer_v that_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n here_o present_v but_o if_o there_o be_v yet_o the_o tax_n can_v be_v lay_v general_o upon_o the_o vill_n but_o distributive_o for_o every_o one_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v not_o a_o equal_a share_n of_o the_o land_n nor_o be_v all_o the_o land_n of_o equal_a goodness_n and_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n for_o the_o vill_n of_o owtwell_n to_o approtion_n the_o tax_n so_o that_o they_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o do_v it_o windham_n on_o the_o same_o side_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o prescription_n or_o custom_n here_o find_v and_o so_o the_o tax_n ought_v to_o be_v rule_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o other_o town_n ought_v thereby_o to_o be_v contributory_a which_o receive_v benefit_n by_o the_o make_n of_o the_o bank_n and_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v not_o here_o pursue_v the_o direction_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o sewer_n as_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o here_o the_o presentment_n upon_o which_o this_o order_n for_o the_o tax_n be_v ground_v be_v make_v by_o three_o jury_n of_o several_a hundred_o and_o the_o breach_n to_o be_v repair_v do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v within_o any_o of_o the_o hundred_o whence_o the_o jury_n come_v as_o the_o statute_n do_v direct_v neither_o be_v it_o show_v how_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v chargeable_a whether_o by_o tenure_n or_o custom_n or_o how_o else_o holhead_n on_o the_o same_o side_n say_v it_o be_v not_o say_v how_o the_o land_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o tax_n 1._o it_o be_v not_o show_v in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o poe-dike_n the_o breach_n happen_v maynard_n on_o the_o other_o side_n say_v that_o the_o commission_n of_o enquiry_n find_v by_o what_o default_n the_o breach_n happen_v but_o they_o can_v tell_v how_o many_o acre_n every_o one_o hold_n to_o charge_v they_o several_a and_o it_o may_v be_v intend_v that_o they_o hold_v joint_o and_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o the_o land_n be_v liable_a to_o
displacing_n of_o estate_n because_o it_o put_v a_o estate_n in_o a_o stranger_n who_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v it_o as_o bredons_n case_n be_v where_o one_o do_v acknowledge_v another_o to_o have_v the_o inheritance_n by_o the_o fine_a this_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n by_o the_o fine_a here_o the_o conusor_n acknowledge_v more_o to_o the_o conusee_fw-fr than_o he_o have_v and_o he_o may_v have_v express_v in_o the_o fine_a the_o estate_n that_o he_o have_v in_o the_o land_n and_o no_o more_o and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o estate_n in_o possession_n here_o jerman_n justice_n say_v the_o fine_a shall_v not_o be_v construe_v to_o do_v wrong_n but_o the_o case_n be_v of_o consequence_n therefore_o he_o will_v advise_v nicholas_n hold_v it_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n ask_v be_v of_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o chief_a justice_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v estopel_n will_v make_v forfeiture_n in_o many_o case_n q._n what_o judgement_n be_v give_v meers_n against_o french_a hil._n 1649_o banc._n sup_v enter_v hil._n 24_o car._n rot_v 24._o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la be_v bring_v for_o eject_v the_o plaintiff_n out_o of_o a_o rectory_n firmae_fw-la arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la and_o declare_v of_o a_o lease_n thereof_o make_v unto_o he_o by_o indenture_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v a_o verdict_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v declare_v of_o a_o lease_n per_fw-la indenturam_fw-la declaration_n declaration_n and_o do_v not_o say_v in_o curia_fw-la prolatam_fw-la the_o court_n answer_v if_o a_o indenture_n be_v plead_v but_o by_o way_n of_o inducement_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o say_v in_o cruia_fw-la prolatam_fw-la otherwise_o if_o it_o be_v plead_v to_o entitle_v the_o party_n by_o it_o 2_o he_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v eject_v he_o out_o of_o such_o a_o close_a and_o do_v not_o say_v whether_o it_o be_v pasture_n or_o arable_a land_n nor_o how_o many_o acre_n it_o be_v roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v it_o be_v not_o good_a if_o it_o be_v of_o a_o close_a of_o land_n if_o he_o do_v not_o give_v it_o a_o name_n nor_o declare_v of_o what_o nature_n the_o land_n be_v 3_o he_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n eject_v he_o the_o uno_fw-la crofto_n which_o be_v incertain_a but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o a_o writ_n of_o dower_n and_o a_o assize_n will_v lie_v de_fw-fr uno_fw-la crofto_n and_o so_o will_v a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la assize_n dower_n assize_n although_o a_o formedon_n will_v not_o lie_v de_fw-fr uno_fw-la crofto_n and_o therefore_o let_v the_o plaintif_n take_v his_o judgement_n except_o cause_n be_v show_v to_o the_o contrary_a monday_n next_o postea_fw-la hill_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v enter_v trin._n 24_o car._n c._n b_o rot_n 1010._o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o conversion_n of_o divers_a good_n conversion_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o trover_n &_o conversion_n for_o many_o improper_a word_n use_v in_o the_o declaration_n to_o express_v several_a of_o they_o as_o 1._o argentum_fw-la servitium_fw-la be_v use_v to_o express_v a_o silver_n salt-cellar_n which_o be_v not_o good_a for_o servitium_fw-la be_v latin_a for_o service_n and_o in_o parker_n and_o martyn_n case_n in_o this_o court_n instrumentum_fw-la ferreum_fw-la anglice_fw-la a_o horse-lock_a be_v hold_v not_o good_a and_o 3_o jac._n robotum_n case_n hama_fw-la anglice_fw-la a_o crow_n of_o iron_n be_v adjudge_v naught_o 2_o he_o declare_v de_fw-la duobus_fw-la castoribus_fw-la anglice_fw-la two_o hat_n 3_o de_fw-fr duobus_fw-la catent_n pro_fw-la patinis_fw-la anglice_fw-la dish_n 4_o de_fw-fr duodecem_fw-la crinalibus_fw-la et_fw-la plagulis_fw-la anglice_fw-la coif_n and_o crosscloath_n ed._n turner_n pray_v for_o judgement_n notwithstanding_o these_o exception_n because_o as_o to_o the_o 1._o there_o be_v no_o proper_a word_n for_o a_o silver_n salt-cellar_n and_o it_o be_v here_o well_o enough_o describe_v by_o divers_a word_n 2_o there_o be_v no_o proper_a latin_a word_n for_o hat_n call_v demy-castors_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o frame_v word_n &_o so_o for_o the_o rest_n be_v new_a thing_n not_o know_v to_o the_o roman_n there_o be_v no_o latin_a word_n for_o they_o &_o so_o word_n may_v be_v invent_v well_o enough_o to_o express_v they_o and_o servitium_fw-la argenteum_fw-la be_v here_o with_o a_o anglice_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o good_a description_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o de_fw-la instrumento_fw-la ligneo_fw-la composito_fw-la anglice_fw-la a_o screen_n have_v be_v adjudge_v good_a because_o there_o be_v not_o a_o proper_a word_n to_o express_v it_o but_o the_o court_n doubt_v of_o the_o word_n use_v for_o coif_n and_o close-clothe_n because_o they_o be_v divers_a thing_n jerman_n justice_n say_v argenteum_fw-la servitium_fw-la anglice_fw-la a_o silver_n salt-cellar_n can_v be_v good_a for_o servitium_fw-la be_v latin_a for_o service_n but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v if_o servicium_fw-la signify_v nothing_o than_o the_o jury_n give_v no_o damage_n for_o that_o and_o then_o the_o rest_n may_v be_v good_a but_o yet_o the_o judgement_n be_v order_v to_o be_v reverse_v except_o cause_v show_v and_o be_v then_o at_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o council_n pronounce_v which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o pray_v the_o judge_n will_v not_o do_v it_o quod_fw-la nota_fw-la peise_z against_o mablye_o hill_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v pasch_fw-mi 1649._o rot_n 222._o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v at_o launceston_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n upon_o the_o case_n word_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o word_n for_o these_o word_n these_o town_n weight_v in_o george_n possession_n mean_v the_o plaintif_a who_o be_v the_o common_a weigh_o of_o the_o town_n be_v false_a and_o cozen_a weight_n the_o 1._o exception_n be_v that_o here_o be_v no_o communication_n have_v of_o the_o plaintif_a but_o the_o word_n be_v only_o speak_v concern_v the_o weight_n 2_o the_o judgement_n be_v not_o well_o enter_v judgement_n case_n judgement_n for_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v give_v ad_fw-la eandem_fw-la curiam_fw-la whereas_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v per_fw-la eandem_fw-la curiam_fw-la upon_o these_o exception_n the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v colson_n against_o ree_n hill_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 24_o car._n rot_v 561._o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n at_o newcastle_n upon_o tyne_n in_o a_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n nuisance_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o assize_n assize_n of_o nuisance_n the_o error_n assign_v be_v that_o the_o plaintif_n do_v declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v disseise_v he_o de_fw-fr uno_fw-la muro_fw-la lapideo_fw-la and_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v erect_v a_o house_n in_o the_o place_n to_o his_o nuisance_n the_o court_n answer_v the_o plaintif_a aught_o to_o have_v bring_v a_o assize_n of_o nuisance_n for_o this_o wrong_n which_o because_o he_o have_v not_o do_v let_v the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v batisford_n against_o yate_n hill_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v pasc_n 1649_o rot_v 289._o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o conversion_n for_o these_o error_n venire_fw-la error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o trover_n and_o conversion_n venire_fw-la 1._o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o juror_n in_o enter_v of_o their_o verdict_n dixerunt_fw-la pro_fw-la querente_fw-la and_o aly_a in_o the_o award_v of_o the_o venire_fw-la it_o be_v ideo_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la fuit_fw-la with_o a_o &_o and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o certain_a whence_o the_o venire_fw-la issue_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n be_v the_o judgement_n shall_v be_v reverse_v if_o cause_n be_v not_o show_v to_o the_o contrary_n cook_n against_o more_o hill_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1649._o rot_n 645._o cook_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o more_o upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la demurrer_n to_o a_o plea_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la to_o pay_v for_o certain_a barrel_n of_o béer_n sell_v and_o deliver_v unto_o he_o such_o a_o day_n the_o defendant_n plead_v special_o that_o he_o do_v not_o assume_v as_o the_o plaintif_n have_v declare_v to_o this_o plea_n the_o plaintif_a demur_n because_o that_o by_o thus_o plead_v the_o plaintif_n be_v tie_v up_o to_o a_o particular_a day_n whereas_o he_o may_v give_v in_o evidence_n for_o any_o other_o barrel_n of_o beer_n sell_v at_o any_o time_n before_o the_o action_n bring_v the_o court_n order_v cause_n to_o be_v show_v why_o the_o plaintif_a shall_v not_o have_v judgement_n upon_o this_o demurrer_n banbury_n against_o base_o hill_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v
in_o colton_n and_o by_o this_o demand_n the_o kind_a of_o the_o tithe_n demand_v be_v not_o make_v certain_a for_o the_o word_n garba_fw-la admit_v of_o divers_a construction_n and_o so_o lynwood_n the_o civilian_n show_v 3_o it_o be_v not_o express_v whether_o the_o defendant_n be_v terr-tenant_n or_o heir_n 4_o the_o demand_n be_v ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la de_fw-la rectoria_fw-la de_fw-fr acerstall_n malvis_n which_o be_v incertain_a for_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v de_fw-fr rectoria_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n to_o the_o 1._o exception_n say_v miscontinuance_n miscontinuance_n that_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o party_n will_v help_v miscontinuance_n of_o process_n and_o so_o it_o do_v here_o hale_n to_o the_o 2d_o exception_n say_v that_o decimae_fw-la garbarum_fw-la be_v certain_a enough_o to_o common_a understanding_n to_o the_o 3d._a exception_n he_o hold_v it_o not_o necessary_a to_o say_v de_fw-fr rectoria_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la for_o it_o must_v be_v so_o necessary_o intend_v the_o court_n desire_v to_o see_v book_n and_o so_o it_o be_v adjourn_v at_o another_o day_n the_o case_n be_v again_o move_v and_o these_o speak_v to_o and_o answer_v 1._o as_o before_o that_o decimae_fw-la garbarum_fw-la be_v certain_a enough_o so_o common_a intendment_n 2_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o express_v the_o set_n forth_o of_o the_o dower_n in_o the_o tithe_n by_o mete_n and_o bound_n for_o tithe_n can_v be_v so_o set_v forth_o and_o it_o be_v not_o constant_a to_o use_v the_o expression_n per_fw-la metas_fw-la et_fw-la bundas_fw-la latch_n take_v another_o exception_n that_o it_o be_v improper_o express_v for_o one_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o advowson_n and_o to_o the_o exception_n former_o take_v he_o hold_v that_o the_o proclamation_n of_o summons_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v return_v and_o that_o fault_n be_v not_o help_v by_o the_o late_a act_n because_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o substance_n and_o not_o mere_a matter_n of_o form_n and_o he_o say_v that_o appearance_n of_o the_o party_n do_v salve_v a_o discontinuance_n of_o mean_a process_n but_o not_o of_o original_a process_n as_o this_o be_v which_o be_v the_o very_a foundation_n of_o the_o action_n and_o that_o though_o the_o want_n of_o a_o summons_n be_v help_v by_o the_o party_n appearance_n yet_o the_o want_n of_o return_v the_o summons_n be_v not_o help_v by_o the_o party_n appearance_n next_o he_o hold_v as_o former_o that_o decimae_fw-la garbarum_fw-la be_v incertain_a and_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o corn_n ought_v to_o be_v show_v roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v return_v return_v that_o the_o not_o return_v the_o proclamation_n of_o summons_n be_v not_o material_a for_o the_o summons_n be_v only_o to_o make_v the_o party_n appear_v and_o he_o have_v appear_v in_o this_o case_n and_o the_o late_a act_n extend_v to_o it_o if_o it_o be_v not_o good_a without_o it_o and_o the_o demand_n of_o tertiam_fw-la partem_fw-la garbarum_fw-la be_v certain_a enough_o by_o common_a intendment_n but_o it_o seem_v more_o certain_a here_o than_o so_o for_o it_o be_v tertiam_fw-la partem_fw-la garbarum_fw-la granorum_fw-la which_o signify_v corn_n and_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o express_v the_o set_n forth_o of_o the_o dower_n per_fw-la metas_fw-la et_fw-la bundas_fw-la but_o it_o be_v well_o as_o it_o be_v without_o that_o expression_n and_o last_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o say_v ingressus_fw-la est_fw-la into_o the_o advowson_n although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a a_o expression_n as_o may_v have_v be_v use_v for_o it_o be_v good_a enough_o to_o make_v the_o party_n tenant_n jerman_n justice_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n and_o say_v that_o if_o there_o be_v two_o tenant_n in_o common_a and_o one_o of_o they_o die_v it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n how_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v viz._n whether_o per_fw-la metas_fw-la &_o bundas_fw-la or_o no._n and_o he_o doubt_v whether_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n here_o bring_v be_v good_a or_o not_o for_o it_o be_v retornable_a coram_fw-la custodibuâ—_n libertatis_fw-la etc._n etc._n apud_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la whereas_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v coram_fw-la custodibus_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la for_o they_o be_v not_o fix_v to_o westminster_n nicholas_n justice_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n error_n error_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v it_o be_v a_o good_a exception_n that_o jerman_n take_v to_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n but_o the_o court_n be_v here_o at_o westminster_n at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o the_o writ_n be_v make_v by_o the_o custodes_fw-la themselves_o and_o the_o party_n do_v appear_v upon_o it_o and_o therefore_o he_o question_v whether_o it_o may_v not_o be_v make_v good_a for_o these_o reason_n jerman_n justice_n hold_v it_o can_v not_o roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o all_o the_o latin_a precedent_n be_v agreeable_a to_o this_o writ_n and_o it_o will_v be_v dangerous_a to_o alter_v they_o but_o let_v the_o cursitor_n attend_v precedent_n precedent_n and_o give_v their_o reason_n why_o they_o do_v not_o alter_v this_o form_n and_o if_o the_o writ_n be_v good_a i_o think_v the_o judgement_n shall_v be_v affirm_v yet_o we_o will_v advise_v a_o little_a of_o the_o writ_n and_o whether_o the_o demand_n of_o decimam_fw-la partem_fw-la garbarum_fw-la without_o granorum_fw-la be_v good_a or_o not_o postea_fw-la lumley_n against_o nevil_n mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la possessionem_fw-la error_n in_o a_o habere_fw-la facias_fw-la possessionem_fw-la it_o be_v say_v by_o roll_n chief_a justice_n that_o if_o the_o writ_n of_o habere_fw-la facias_fw-la possessionem_fw-la do_v contain_v more_o acre_n of_o land_n than_o be_v express_v in_o the_o declaration_n that_o it_o be_v error_n but_o if_o the_o sheriff_n do_v give_v possession_n of_o more_o land_n than_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o writ_n of_o habere_fw-la facias_fw-la possessionem_fw-la a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n lie_v against_o the_o sheriff_n or_o a_o assize_n lie_v for_o the_o land_n it_o be_v also_o say_v that_o if_o a_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n execution_n error_n case_n assize_n execution_n yet_o they_o can_v grant_v out_o execution_n there_o but_o it_o must_v be_v in_o this_o court_n hunt_v against_o popham_n mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v it_o be_v move_v for_o the_o defendant_n to_o have_v the_o rule_n of_o court_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o bring_v in_o the_o postea_fw-la nonsuit_n the_o court_n not_o to_o be_v move_v for_o a_o rule_n where_o it_o may_v be_v give_v in_o the_o office_n nonsuit_n that_o the_o defendant_n may_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n the_o court_n answer_v they_o will_v make_v no_o rule_n for_o the_o defendant_n may_v give_v rule_n in_o the_o office_n to_o force_v he_o to_o it_o and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o bring_v it_o in_o he_o be_v to_o be_v nonsuit_n fairefax_n against_o fairefax_n mich._n 1630._o banc._n sup_v the_o case_n between_o fairefax_n and_o fairefax_n be_v move_v again_o not_o whether_o a_o demand_n in_o down_o good_a or_o not_o and_o hales_n hold_v that_o the_o demand_n of_o dower_n de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la garbarum_fw-la be_v certain_a enough_o though_o it_o be_v not_o garbarum_fw-la granorum_fw-la and_o he_o cite_v the_o register_n 46._o and_o dyer_n f._n 84._o and_o one_o cavendish_v case_n 8._o jac._n roll_v chief_a justice_n take_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o demand_n of_o tithe_n and_o the_o sue_n for_o a_o recompense_n for_o tithe_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o ed._n 6._o and_o cite_v the_o regist_n 165_o and_o he_o hold_v the_o demand_n here_o to_o be_v good_a with_o who_o concur_v the_o other_o judge_n ask_v justice_n say_v that_o a_o garb_n be_v a_o french_a word_n and_o signify_v any_o thing_n bind_v up_o into_o a_o bundle_n but_o by_o cowell_n the_o civilian_n it_o signify_v corn_n bind_v up_o and_o so_o be_v the_o word_n common_o use_v at_o the_o common_a law_n demand_v demand_v roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o a_o demand_n in_o a_o praecipe_fw-la ought_v to_o be_v more_o certain_a than_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o demand_n in_o dower_n to_o be_v latch_n say_v that_o the_o word_n coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la apud_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la be_v part_n of_o the_o stile_n of_o the_o court_n which_o roll_v chief_a justice_n deny_v yet_o he_o say_v it_o be_v well_o enough_o because_o the_o court_n be_v there_o at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o which_o the_o other_o judge_n agree_v and_o the_o rule_n be_v that_o the_o judgement_n shall_v be_v affirm_v nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n antea_fw-la mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v that_o one_o be_v arrest_v upon_o a_o day_n of_o thanksgiving_n appoint_v by_o the_o parliament_n arrest_n move_v to_o discharge_v a_o arrest_n and_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o put_v in_o bond_n
alias_o heriot_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o call_v piper_n down_o be_v parcel_n which_o tenement_n and_o close_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o be_v then_o and_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n demise_v and_o demiseable_a in_o fee_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n do_v build_v a_o new_a message_n upon_o the_o say_a tenement_n and_o do_v afterward_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n grant_v the_o office_n of_o keeper_n and_o keep_v of_o the_o say_a message_n to_o john_n gate_n for_o term_v of_o his_o life_n with_o all_o the_o land_n tenement_n etc._n etc._n thereto_o belong_v or_o adjacent_a and_o do_v also_o by_o the_o same_o letter_n patent_n give_v and_o grant_v unto_o the_o say_v john_n gate_n among_o other_o thing_n the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o say_v new_o build_v message_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o call_v piper_n down_o be_v part_n for_o term_n of_o his_o life_n for_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o say_a office_n with_o a_o averment_n in_o the_o plea_n that_o before_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o such_o office_n of_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o say_a house_n and_o that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o know_v nor_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_v inform_v that_o the_o say_a tenement_n and_o land_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o be_v parcel_n be_v copyhold_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n after_o the_o grant_v make_v to_o john_n gate_n as_o aforesaid_a h._n the_o 8._o die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a manor_n &_o of_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_a message_n and_o close_a after_o the_o death_n of_o john_n gate_n and_o thereby_o ed._n the_o 6._o become_v sofâ—ed_v of_o they_o in_o like_a manner_n and_o from_o ed._n the_o 6._o they_o come_v to_o queen_n mary_n then_o john_n gate_n die_v and_o after_o his_o death_n queen_n mary_n enter_v upon_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o message_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o be_v a_o parcel_n and_o afterward_o by_o her_o letter_n patent_n under_o her_o broad_a seal_n do_v grant_v the_o manor_n and_o message_n and_o premise_n unto_o susan_n tong_n and_o her_o heir_n for_o ever_o from_o susan_n tong_n by_o mean_a conveyance_n the_o say_a manor_n message_n and_o premise_n come_v to_o humphrey_n white_a and_o his_o heir_n and_o afterterwards_o humphrey_n white_a be_v seize_v thereof_o in_o fee_n do_v by_o his_o indenture_n of_o lease_n demise_n the_o say_a manor_n message_n and_o premise_n to_o leigh_n for_o 60._o year_n to_o begin_v from_o mich._n before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o indenture_n afterward_o humphrey_n white_n grant_v away_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n message_n &_o premise_n to_o sir_n john_n branch_n afterward_o sir_n john_n branch_n grant_v this_o reversion_n to_o udall_n udall_n grant_v it_o to_o bathurst_n and_o bathurst_n grant_v it_o to_o thomas_n boothby_n the_o ancestor_n of_o thomas_n boothby_n who_o bailie_n do_v here_o make_v the_o avowry_n afterward_o robert_n leigh_n who_o have_v the_o lease_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n as_o aforesaid_a for_o 60_o year_n devise_v the_o residue_n of_o this_o lease_n then_o unexpired_a by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n unto_o robert_n leigh_n his_o son_n and_o die_v robert_n lee_n the_o son_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o residue_n or_o remainder_n of_o this_o term_n for_o 60._o year_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_a will_n do_v at_o his_o court_n hold_v for_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o chingford_n grant_v the_o say_a message_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n and_o land_n thereunto_o belong_v whereof_o the_o say_v close_o be_v parcel_n unto_o edmund_n lee_n his_o brother_n to_o hold_v of_o the_o same_o manor_n in_o fee_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n of_o that_o manor_n edmund_n lee_n be_v thereupon_o admit_v according_o afterward_o the_o say_a lease_n for_o 60._o year_n make_v by_o humphrey_n white_a unto_o robert_n leigh_n the_o father_n expire_v afterward_o thomas_n boothby_n who_o have_v the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n as_o abovesaid_a enter_v as_o in_o his_o reversion_n upon_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n and_o die_v seize_v thereof_o leave_v issue_n thomas_n boothby_n his_o son_n thomas_n boothby_n the_o son_n enter_v into_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n and_o claim_v the_o say_a message_n with_o the_o apurtenance_n with_o the_o land_n thereunto_o belong_v whereof_o the_o close_a call_v piper_n down_o be_v parcel_n and_o be_v grant_v by_o robert_n leigh_n unto_o edmund_n leigh_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n as_o aforesaid_a as_o parcel_n of_o the_o domain_v of_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o chingford_n and_o do_v deny_v it_o to_o be_v copyhold_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o try_v the_o title_n thereof_o do_v by_o the_o avowant_n his_o bailiff_n distrein_o the_o cattle_n in_o the_o say_v close_o as_o damage_v feasant_a in_o his_o soil_n and_o freehold_n this_o case_n be_v argue_v first_o by_o arthur_n harris_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n who_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n viz._n he_o that_o bring_v the_o replevin_n and_o in_o his_o argument_n he_o make_v the_o general_a question_n in_o the_o case_n to_o be_v whether_o the_o close_a call_v piper_n down_o in_o which_o the_o distress_n be_v take_v be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o distress_n take_v demiseable_a by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n or_o whether_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o destroy_v and_o he_o hold_v it_o be_v demiseable_a and_o that_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o destroy_v and_o hereupon_o he_o make_v four_o question_n 1._o whether_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o new_a house_n to_o sr._n john_n gate_n per_fw-la nomen_fw-la officii_fw-la of_o keeper_n thereof_o be_v a_o good_a grant_n 2_o whether_o the_o king_n not_o be_v inform_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n that_o the_o house_n be_v copyhold_n tenure_n he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n 3_o whether_o by_o this_o grant_v the_o custom_n be_v not_o destroy_v 4_o whether_o the_o king_n patentee_n have_v not_o the_o same_o privilege_n to_o grant_v this_o house_n etc._n etc._n again_o by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n after_o the_o death_n of_o sr._n john_n gate_n and_o as_o to_o the_o 1._o of_o these_o 4._o question_n he_o cite_v 8_o e._n 4._o by_o chock_n and_o 21_o e._n 4.79_o and_o mich_n 5_o car._n banc._n reg._n monsons_n case_n and_o pasc_n 14_o car._n banc._n reg._n messand_n and_o butterfields_n case_n and_o 5_o e._n 4._o f._n 8._o and_o dyer_n 269._o savage_n case_n to_o the_o second_o question_n he_o hold_v that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o here_o inform_v of_o his_o right_n and_o consequent_o he_o be_v deceive_v and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v prejudice_v by_o his_o grant_n which_o he_o shall_v be_v if_o he_o have_v not_o liberty_n to_o demise_n this_o house_n again_o by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n after_o the_o death_n of_o sr._n john_n gate_n and_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v two_o right_n in_o the_o king_n 1._o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o 2_o a_o customary_a right_n and_o of_o this_o customary_a right_n or_o his_o jus_o concedendi_fw-la he_o be_v not_o inform_v and_o he_o cite_v these_o book_n 3_o h._n 7.10_o rep_v 49.8_o h._n 625_o br._n aid_n 45_o 4._o h._n 6.1_o 2_o r._n 3._o hunsons_n case_n and_o he_o say_v that_o the_o book_n of_o 5_o h._n 7._o f._n 1._o which_o be_v object_v be_v not_o to_o purpose_n for_o the_o protestation_n be_v not_o well_o take_v 19_o h._n 6._o a_o protestation_n be_v to_o supply_v a_o matter_n which_o be_v not_o so_o here_o 41_o e._n 3._o fitzh_n protest_v 9.22_o h._n 6.37_o br._n protestation_n 6._o plough_v coment_fw-fr gresbrooks_n and_o fox_n case_n and_o 20_o eliz._n burrell_n and_o holcrofts_n case_n 2_o the_o king_n be_v not_o inform_v here_o in_o his_o grant_n in_o matter_n in_o law_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v and_o therefore_o his_o grant_n shall_v not_o turn_v to_o his_o prejudice_n 1_o rep_n 52.18_o h._n 8._o lovel_n case_n pasc_n 2_o eliz._n sr._n thomas_n moor_n case_n 1._o rep_n â—3_n 16_o jac._n needlers_n case_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o word_n ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la in_o the_o patent_n do_v declare_v that_o the_o king_n be_v inform_v i_o answer_v that_o those_o word_n do_v intend_v no_o more_o but_o that_o the_o king_n be_v inform_v of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o not_o of_o matter_n in_o law_n and_o the_o king_n grant_n shall_v only_o be_v take_v secundum_fw-la intentionem_fw-la and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n unto_o sr._n john_n gate_n the_o custom_n be_v destroy_v i_o answer_v that_o this_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a case_n and_o not_o
but_o if_o it_o be_v interrupt_v but_o in_o part_n it_o be_v not_o so_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n cite_v where_o the_o king_n have_v gavelkind_a land_n com._n plough_v 114._o and_o so_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintif_n adjourn_v latch_n at_o another_o day_n argue_v for_o the_o avowant_n and_o say_v that_o the_o plaintif_n in_o his_o rejoynder_n have_v make_v no_o title_n unto_o susan_n tong_n from_o who_o he_o claim_v it_o be_v object_v that_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o chingford_n comitis_fw-la per_fw-la nomen_fw-la duorum_fw-la illorum_fw-la maneriorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o tongue_n can_v be_v entitle_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o other_o side_n have_v confess_v that_o tong_n have_v a_o title_n for_o they_o derive_v from_o she_o also_o and_o the_o contrary_n do_v not_o appear_v to_o the_o court_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v the_o court_n will_v not_o make_v a_o doubt_n of_o it_o he_o make_v 3_o question_n 1._o whether_o the_o manor_n of_o chingford_n comitis_fw-la pass_v per_fw-la nomen_fw-la duorum_fw-la illorum_fw-la maneriorum_fw-la de_fw-la etc._n etc._n 2_o whether_o if_o the_o grant_v be_v ill_a it_o be_v aid_v by_o statute_n 3_o whether_o it_o be_v help_v by_o the_o averment_n for_o the_o 1._o he_o hold_v that_o here_o be_v a_o good_a grant_n without_o any_o averment_n or_o aid_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v two_o manor_n one_o shall_v pass_v and_o e_fw-la conuerso_fw-la it_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o king_n but_o it_o be_v good_a in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o common_a person_n with_o a_o averment_n the_o grant_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o saperton_n cum_fw-la rippen_n be_v a_o ill_a grant_n for_o the_o incertainty_n of_o it_o but_o here_o be_v no_o such_o incertainty_n here_o be_v no_o non_fw-la nosm_a of_o the_o thing_n for_o the_o word_n nomina_fw-la require_v not_o a_o proper_a name_n but_o it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v express_v by_o word_n comprehend_v it_o and_o the_o word_n manor_n do_v comprehend_v it_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v his_o two_o acre_n of_o land_n lie_v in_o a_o common_a field_n although_o but_o one_o acre_n be_v to_o be_v find_v yet_o the_o grant_n be_v good_a and_o it_o be_v not_o like_a to_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o manor_n with_o the_o advowson_n where_o the_o king_n have_v but_o a_o moiety_n of_o the_o advowson_n or_o a_o moiety_n of_o the_o manor_n for_o the_o moiety_n be_v not_o actual_a in_o the_o whole_a but_o one_o be_v actual_o in_o two_o and_o so_o it_o be_v well_o name_v here_o 2_o whether_o it_o be_v good_a without_o a_o averment_n that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o the_o lord_n darcy_n and_o he_o hold_v it_o be_v if_o the_o word_n be_v general_a in_o the_o grant_n all_o of_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v true_a otherwise_o nothing_o will_v pass_v by_o the_o grant_n as_o dodingtons_n case_n be_v but_o here_o be_v a_o proper_a name_n to_o express_v it_o and_o therefore_o the_o grant_n be_v not_o destroy_v although_o the_o latter_a description_n do_v not_o agree_v to_o it_o 10._o rep._n harper_n case_n 2_o h._n 4._o f._n 2._o if_o the_o king_n grant_v all_o the_o land_n in_o the_o patent_n annex_v bear_v date_n 10_o of_o june_n though_o the_o patent_n bear_v date_n the_o 10_o of_o july_n yet_o be_v the_o grant_v good_a for_o veritas_fw-la nominis_fw-la tollit_fw-la errorem_fw-la demonstrationis_fw-la and_o if_o the_o grant_n shall_v not_o be_v good_a at_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o it_o be_v aid_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 3._o &_o 4_o phil._n &_o mar._n and_o here_o be_v a_o full_a and_o a_o strong_a averment_n in_o the_o plead_n for_o it_o be_v manerium_fw-la praedictum_fw-la and_o not_o manerium_fw-la general_o and_o here_o be_v not_o only_o a_o possibility_n but_o also_o a_o facility_n for_o it_o to_o pass_v and_o it_o may_v be_v call_v manor_n or_o manor_n and_o in_o a_o feoffment_n a_o thing_n may_v pass_v per_fw-la nomen_fw-la because_o that_o the_o livery_n pass_v it_o where_o one_o plead_v per_fw-la nomen_fw-la he_o be_v to_o make_v the_o plea_n agree_v with_o the_o record_n or_o specialty_n otherwise_o per_fw-la nomen_fw-la shall_v not_o be_v plead_v and_o newtons_n opinion_n against_o this_o be_v but_o a_o single_a opinion_n 33_o h._n 8._o br._n averment_n 42._o the_o word_n predict_v make_v a_o averment_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o feoffor_a â—4_n h._n 4.30.22_o h._n 6.40_o barton_n and_o escott_n &_o here_o be_v also_o a_o full_a averment_n of_o the_o thing_n grant_v &_o this_o be_v in_o grant_n 7_o e._n 4.24.33_o h._n 6._o f._n 22_o 26_o ass_n 2.24_o ass_n 6._o so_o in_o letter_n patent_n dyer_n 86._o the_o sergeant_n case_n and_o if_o this_o be_v authority_n it_o be_v in_o the_o very_a point_n dyer_n 207._o predict_v per_fw-la nomina_fw-la be_v a_o good_a averment_n pasch_fw-mi 7._o jac._n rot._n 430._o b._n reg_fw-la stonehouse_n and_o reed_n case_n where_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o per_fw-la nomina_fw-la but_o only_o decimas_fw-la predict_v and_o yet_o adjudge_v to_o be_v a_o good_a intitle_v by_o the_o word_n predict_v because_o it_o be_v hold_v a_o good_a averment_n although_o it_o be_v not_o lead_v on_o by_o a_o per_fw-la nomina_fw-la and_o there_o admit_v to_o be_v clear_a if_o it_o have_v be_v with_o a_o per_fw-la nomina_fw-la as_o the_o case_n here_o be_v &_o so_o tong_n be_v well_o entitle_v 2_o the_o plaintiff_n title_n be_v well_o avoid_v and_o we_o have_v well_o destroy_v his_o copy_n without_o doubt_n if_o a_o common_a person_n have_v grant_v the_o copyhold_n for_o life_n the_o copyhold_n have_v be_v thereby_o extinguish_v and_o our_o case_n be_v not_o a_o prerogative_n case_n for_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n and_o the_o custom_n be_v here_o destroy_v and_o the_o prerogative_n can_v create_v the_o custom_n anew_o and_o it_o be_v against_o the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o have_v thing_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o king_n without_o matter_n of_o record_n and_o it_o be_v prejudice_n to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v the_o custom_n revive_v for_o the_o land_n be_v now_o make_v free_a and_o shall_v never_o return_v again_o to_o the_o vassalage_n the_o king_n prerogative_n exalt_v he_o above_o a_o common_a person_n but_o this_o custom_n make_v he_o equal_a to_o a_o common_a person_n 2_o the_o custom_n here_o can_v be_v support_v but_o here_o be_v a_o absolute_a extinguishment_n of_o the_o copyhold_n so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v regranted_a the_o law_n will_v confirm_v thing_n necessary_a to_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n in_o some_o case_n where_o it_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o king_n 16_o h._n 7._o f._n 8._o nicholas_n case_n plough_v 489._o the_o king_n seize_v of_o a_o donative_n make_v it_o presentative_a if_o he_o do_v but_o once_o present_a unto_o it_o so_o if_o he_o turn_v a_o annuity_n into_o a_o rend_a charge_n by_o take_v a_o distress_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o custom_n here_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v examine_v with_o other_o custom_n for_o it_o be_v more_o strict_a than_o in_o other_o case_n for_o if_o it_o be_v once_o destroy_v it_o be_v always_o destroy_v and_o can_v be_v suspend_v and_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o king_n dis-advantage_n to_o have_v the_o copyhold_n destroy_v but_o it_o be_v for_o his_o advantage_n and_o conveniency_n and_o so_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o avowant_n roll_v chief_a justice_n all_o will_v come_v and_o rest_n upon_o the_o last_o point_n for_o all_o the_o other_o thing_n be_v admit_v the_o grant_n be_v good_a by_o the_o per_fw-la nomen_fw-la and_o it_o be_v only_o nominal_a and_o do_v not_o imply_v that_o there_o be_v two_o manor_n and_o it_o may_v stand_v well_o enough_o with_o reason_n that_o it_o may_v be_v know_v per_fw-la nomen_fw-la but_o the_o last_o point_n be_v considerable_a he_o incline_v to_o latch_n nicholas_n justice_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n and_o that_o the_o predict_v be_v a_o good_a averment_n the_o last_o point_n be_v considerable_a but_o prima_fw-la fancy_n here_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o destroy_v ask_v justice_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n and_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n intend_v to_o grant_v but_o one_o manor_n roll_n we_o will_v take_v time_n till_o the_o next_o term_n to_o speak_v to_o the_o last_o point_n which_o be_v only_o doubtful_a and_o to_o deliver_v our_o opinion_n jerman_n justice_n the_o plead_n of_o the_o party_n per_fw-la nomen_fw-la help_v not_o the_o patent_n if_o it_o be_v not_o good_a in_o itself_o the_o next_o term_n roll_v chief_a justice_n for_o himself_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n who_o he_o say_v concur_v in_o opinion_n with_o he_o deliver_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n to_o this_o effect_n 1._o that_o they_o be_v agree_v that_o
declare_v assumpsit_fw-la arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la that_o whereas_o there_o be_v a_o speech_n concern_v marriage_n between_o her_o the_o plaintif_a and_o smith_n the_o defendant_n in_o consideration_n that_o she_o the_o plaintif_n will_v marry_v the_o defendant_n the_o defendant_n do_v assume_v and_o promise_v to_o her_o the_o plaintif_a that_o he_o will_v marry_v she_o and_o that_o afterward_o the_o defendant_n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o plaintif_n will_v discharge_v the_o defendant_n of_o this_o promise_n the_o defendant_n do_v assume_v and_o promise_v that_o he_o will_v pay_v unto_o she_o the_o plaintif_a a_o thousand_o pound_n and_o that_o she_o do_v discharge_v the_o defendant_n of_o his_o promise_n of_o marriage_n and_o yet_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o pay_v the_o 1000_o l._n according_a to_o his_o promise_n upon_o non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la plead_v and_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o there_o be_v mention_n of_o two_o promise_n in_o the_o declaration_n and_o that_o it_o be_v incertain_a to_o which_o promise_n the_o declaration_n relate_v 2_o that_o there_o be_v no_o temporal_a consideration_n allege_v but_o only_o a_o promise_n to_o dissolve_v a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n illegal_a and_o so_o no_o consideration_n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o here_o be_v a_o mutual_a promise_n make_v by_o both_o party_n case_n promise_n case_n and_o there_o have_v be_v divers_a action_n of_o late_a time_n bring_v for_o this_o cause_n and_o they_o have_v be_v adjudge_v good_a and_o the_o engagement_n to_o marry_v be_v not_o mere_o a_o a_o spiritual_a matter_n and_o this_o action_n be_v not_o to_o compel_v the_o marriage_n upon_o the_o contract_n but_o to_o recover_v damage_n for_o not_o do_v it_o and_o it_o be_v like_a to_o a_o wager_n and_o here_o be_v a_o temporal_a loss_n and_o therefore_o a_o temporal_a action_n do_v lie_v but_o it_o be_v adjourn_v till_o next_o term_n to_o be_v argue_v again_o and_o then_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintif_a for_o the_o court_n hold_v that_o the_o dis-engagement_n shall_v be_v intend_v to_o the_o party_n himself_o and_o here_o be_v no_o need_n to_o express_v notice_n give_v of_o it_o postea_fw-la kenedy_n against_o fisher_n mich._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v kenedy_n declare_v in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o fisher_n for_o speak_v these_o word_n of_o he_o he_o lose_v his_o foot_n by_o the_o pox_n allow_v whether_o a_o plea_n of_o privilege_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v innuendo_fw-la the_o french_a pox_n the_o defendant_n demur_v to_o the_o declaration_n and_o after_o imparled_a and_o then_o plead_v a_o plea_n of_o privilege_n hales_v desire_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n whether_o this_o plea_n be_v now_o allowable_a because_o the_o book_n differ_v about_o it_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o the_o plea_n be_v not_o allowable_a because_o there_o be_v but_o a_o privilege_n claim_v by_o it_o and_o the_o plea_n go_v not_o to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n therefore_o let_v the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o chief_a starkey_n against_o mill._n mich._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v enter_v trin._n 1651._o rot_n 170._o starkey_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o mill_n upon_o two_o several_a assumpsit_n assumpsit_fw-la arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la and_o obtain_v a_o verdict_n upon_o both_o and_o entire_a damage_n be_v give_v it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o one_o of_o the_o promise_n be_v not_o good_a because_o there_o be_v no_o consideration_n to_o ground_v it_o upon_o and_o so_o the_o damage_n be_v entire_a upon_o both_o the_o assumpsit_n &_o one_o fail_v judgement_n can_v be_v give_v the_o case_n be_v this_o the_o father_n give_v good_n to_o his_o son_n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o son_n shall_v pay_v the_o plaintif_n in_o this_o action_n 20_o l._n it_o be_v urge_v that_o this_o can_v be_v no_o consideration_n for_o the_o plaintif_a to_o bring_v his_o action_n because_o here_o be_v no_o debt_n due_a to_o he_o but_o only_o a_o appointment_n for_o the_o son_n to_o pay_v money_n to_o he_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o good_n give_v he_o by_o his_o father_n but_o hales_n on_o the_o other_o side_n say_v that_o if_o there_o may_v be_v a_o debt_n by_o any_o intendment_n due_a to_o the_o plaintif_a consideration_n consideration_n than_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v good_a and_o here_o be_v a_o debt_n due_a to_o he_o therefore_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v good_a roll_v chief_a justice_n hold_v that_o it_o be_v good_a as_o it_o be_v for_o there_o be_v a_o plain_a contract_n because_o the_o good_n be_v give_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o plaintif_a though_o the_o contract_n be_v not_o between_o he_o and_o the_o defendant_n case_n case_n and_o he_o may_v well_o have_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o here_o be_v a_o promise_n in_o law_n make_v to_o the_o plaintif_a though_o there_o be_v not_o a_o promise_n in_o fact_n &_o there_o be_v a_o debt_n here_o and_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v good_a jerman_n and_o aâ—k_a justice_n agree_v but_o nicholas_n doubt_v but_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintif_n cressit_fw-la against_o burgis_fw-la mich._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v bring_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o ed._n 6._o for_o tithe_n tithe_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o debt_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o ed._n 6._o for_o tithe_n upon_o nil_fw-la debet_fw-la plead_v and_o a_o verdict_n and_o damage_n give_v for_o the_o plaintif_a it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o damage_n give_v be_v for_o tithe_n grow_v upon_o 71_o acre_n of_o land_n whereas_o the_o plaintif_a in_o his_o declaration_n declare_v but_o for_o tithe_n grow_v upon_o 70_o acre_n of_o land_n so_o that_o the_o damage_n be_v give_v for_o more_o than_o be_v declare_v for_o and_o contrary_a to_o the_o demand_n to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o be_v but_o the_o mis-counting_a of_o the_o jury_n and_o be_v not_o material_a damage_n damage_n because_o by_o the_o whole_a declaration_n it_o appear_v there_o be_v but_o 70_o acre_n and_o this_o be_v but_o a_o description_n by_o the_o jury_n how_o the_o several_a parcel_n of_o land_n be_v sow_o viz._n with_o what_o corn._n roll_n chief_a justice_n say_v the_o declaration_n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v seize_v of_o 70_o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n and_o that_o so_o many_o acre_n be_v sow_v with_o wheat_n so_o many_o with_o oat_n so_o many_o with_o messing_n so_o many_o with_o bean_n and_o as_o to_o the_o 5_o aeres_fw-la residue_n sow_v with_o barley_n which_o all_o amount_n to_o 71_o acre_n and_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v as_o to_o 4_o acre_n residue_n so_o that_o this_o be_v but_o a_o mis-counting_a of_o the_o jury_n for_o the_o jury_n can_v be_v deceive_v for_o the_o land_n be_v call_v but_o 70_o acre_n in_o the_o declaration_n and_o no_o damage_n arise_v to_o any_o by_o this_o mistake_n to_o which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n agree_v and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintif_a nisi_fw-la mich._n 1651_o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o reverse_v a_o outlawry_n for_o want_n of_o proclamation_n appearance_n motion_n to_o reverse_v a_o outlawry_n appearance_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o may_v be_v do_v by_o attorney_n the_o party_n himself_o by_o reason_n of_o infirmity_n of_o body_n be_v not_o able_a to_o come_v in_o person_n upon_o view_n of_o the_o statute_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v he_o must_v come_v in_o person_n otherwise_o it_o can_v be_v do_v yet_o the_o court_n will_v advise_v afterward_o it_o be_v overrule_v that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v reverse_v except_o he_o come_v in_o person_n drinkwater_n against_o pack_n mich._n 1651_o banc._n sup_v drinkwater_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o a_o escape_n against_o pack_n one_o of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o obtain_v a_o verdict_n against_o he_o escape_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n for_o a_o escape_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o plaintif_n declare_v that_o the_o party_n be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o both_o the_o sheriff_n and_o yet_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v against_o but_o one_o of_o they_o the_o prisoner_n that_o escape_v be_v in_o ludgate_n in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o defendant_n pack_n latch_n answer_v that_o the_o exception_n be_v not_o good_a because_o in_o law_n the_o prisoner_n that_o escape_v be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o both_o the_o sheriff_n hale_n on_o the_o other_o side_n say_v that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v upon_o the_o record_n that_o he_o be_v in_o the_o custostody_n of_o both_o the_o sheriff_n and_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v
be_v understand_v eight_o hang_n roll_v chief_a justice_n a_o pair_n be_v proper_o when_o one_o of_o the_o thing_n so_o call_v can_v be_v proper_o use_v without_o the_o other_o but_o yet_o the_o word_n may_v be_v also_o understand_v so_o many_o couple_n and_o here_o you_o can_v intend_v the_o word_n to_o mean_v so_o many_o suit_n of_o hang_n and_o you_o may_v have_v express_v your_o meaning_n by_o so_o many_o piece_n of_o hang_n and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v doubtful_a jerman_n justice_n here_o the_o word_n do_v not_o express_v the_o number_n of_o the_o thing_n as_o they_o do_v when_o you_o say_v a_o pair_n of_o ox_n or_o the_o like_a nicholas_n as_o jerman_n ask_v justice_n a_o pair_n be_v incertain_a for_o that_o word_n may_v be_v mean_v more_o than_o two_o in_o number_n as_o when_o you_o say_v a_o pair_n of_o card_n and_o a_o pair_n of_o hang_n in_o some_o place_n be_v mean_v a_o suit_n of_o hang_n roll_v chief_a justice_n if_o it_o be_v so_o than_o it_o be_v more_o incertain_a the_o word_n hang_n may_v be_v good_a enough_o but_o how_o can_v the_o number_n be_v know_v curia_fw-la advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la afterward_o the_o court_n move_v the_o defendant_n to_o suffer_v the_o plaintiff_n to_o amend_v his_o declaration_n and_o to_o plead_v anew_o and_o to_o consent_v to_o a_o new_a trial_n askwiths_n case_n hill_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o quash_n a_o order_n of_o session_n make_v at_o durham_n against_o askwith_n session_n motion_n to_o quash_n a_o order_n of_o session_n for_o not_o serve_v the_o office_n of_o a_o constable_n or_o find_v a_o other_o able_a person_n to_o serve_v the_o place_n for_o he_o be_v elect_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v elect_v to_o serve_v the_o exception_n take_v be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o show_v that_o he_o be_v elect_v at_o a_o court_n leet_n and_o the_o session_n have_v no_o power_n to_o elect_v a_o constable_n roll_v chief_a justice_n he_o be_v a_o constable_n elect_v by_o a_o by-law_n law_n by_o law_n &_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v any_o other_o election_n then_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o he_o must_v serve_v in_o his_o turn_n or_o contribute_v to_o the_o charge_n for_o another_o to_o serve_v for_o he_o custom_n custom_n and_o this_o be_v a_o good_a custom_n &_o use_v in_o many_o place_n and_o i_o do_v find_v one_o myself_o in_o my_o turn_n in_o one_o place_n and_o make_v no_o use_n of_o my_o privilege_n to_o avoid_v it_o another_o exception_n be_v take_v that_o the_o complaint_n make_v of_o the_o party_n be_v that_o he_o will_v neither_o serve_v the_o office_n nor_o contribute_v for_o another_o to_o serve_v it_o and_o the_o order_n be_v only_o that_o he_o refuse_v to_o contribute_v and_o so_o be_v not_o warrant_v by_o the_o custom_n by_o which_o he_o have_v a_o election_n to_o serve_v or_o contribute_v quash_v nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n hill_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v a_o prisoner_n be_v bring_v into_o court_n by_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o fleet_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o turn_v he_o over_o to_o the_o marshalsea_n to_o charge_v he_o with_o a_o action_n here_o real_a creditor_n examine_v upon_o oath_n it_o his_o debt_n be_v real_a whereupon_o the_o creditor_n be_v examine_v upon_o his_o oath_n whether_o the_o debt_n be_v real_a for_o which_o he_o surmise_v he_o will_v bring_v his_o action_n and_o upon_o make_v oath_n thereof_o the_o prisoner_n be_v turn_v over_o according_o nota._n smith_n against_o holyman_n hill_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la english_a arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o assumpsit_fw-la false_a english_a and_o exception_n take_v 1._o that_o the_o defendant_n christian_a name_n be_v mistake_v and_o 2_o that_o the_o jurata_fw-la be_v erroneous_a for_o it_o say_v in_o a_o plea_n of_o dept_z instead_o of_o a_o plea_n of_o debt_n and_o the_o judgement_n be_v arrest_v for_o dept_z write_v with_o a_o p._n be_v no_o word_n though_o it_o sound_v like_a debt_n write_v with_o a_o b._n custodes_fw-la and_o howell_n gwin_n hill_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v howell_n gwin_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o bar_n be_v convict_v for_o forge_v of_o a_o deed_n forgery_n judgement_n against_o one_o convict_v of_o forgery_n and_o be_v demand_v what_o he_o can_v say_v why_o judgement_n shall_v not_o be_v give_v against_o he_o boynton_n of_o council_n with_o the_o prisoner_n move_v the_o court_n that_o in_o regard_n there_o be_v a_o information_n of_o perjury_n depend_v here_o against_o the_o witness_n upon_o who_o testimony_n the_o prisoner_n be_v convict_v of_o the_o perjury_n and_o that_o the_o prisoner_n do_v endeavour_v to_o proceed_v with_o all_o the_o speed_n that_o be_v possible_a against_o they_o in_o this_o information_n that_o the_o judgement_n may_v be_v stay_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n against_o he_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v if_o they_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o perjury_n they_o shall_v be_v punish_v but_o we_o will_v give_v judgement_n against_o your_o client_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n which_o be_v do_v according_o in_o these_o word_n follow_v forgery_n judgement_n for_o forgery_n viz._n you_o be_v convict_v of_o forge_v a_o deed_n by_o put_v a_o dead_a man_n hand_n unto_o it_o therefore_o the_o court_n give_v this_o judgement_n against_o you_o that_o you_o be_v fine_v at_o a_o hundred_o pound_n and_o shall_v stand_v on_o the_o pillory_n two_o hour_n before_o the_o hall_n door_n with_o a_o paper_n on_o your_o head_n show_v the_o nature_n of_o your_o offence_n memorandum_n the_o party_n cut_v off_o a_o dead_a man_n hand_n and_o put_v a_o pen_n and_o a_o seal_n in_o it_o and_o so_o sign_v and_o seal_v and_o deliver_v the_o deed_n with_o the_o dead_a hand_n and_o swear_v that_o he_o see_v the_o deed_n seal_v and_o deliver_v mich._n 1652_o banc._n sup_v mrs._n lucy_n fotherbie_n be_v bring_v into_o court_n to_o be_v turn_v over_o into_o the_o marshalsea_n out_o of_o the_o fleet_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o charge_v she_o with_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o this_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o she_o be_v a_o prisoner_n in_o the_o fleet_n over_o a_o prisoner_n turn_v over_o commit_v thither_o by_o a_o order_n of_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n prisoner_n prisoner_n but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v this_o order_n be_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v she_o turn_v over_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v real_a and_o so_o upon_o proof_n that_o the_o debt_n be_v real_a she_o be_v turn_v over_o locky_a and_o dumiloe_n hill_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1650._o rot_n 1462._o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v this_o firmae_fw-la special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la i._n s._n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o it_o to_o i._o d._n at_o will_n a._n b._n put_v the_o tenant_n at_o will_n out_o of_o possession_n and_o after_o the_o tenant_n at_o will_n enter_v and_o take_v a_o lease_n at_o will_n of_o he_o that_o put_v he_o out_o of_o possession_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o he_o shall_v hold_v the_o land_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o first_o lease_n or_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o second_o agreement_n to_o this_o roll_n chief_a justice_n say_v if_o one_o make_v a_o lease_n at_o will_n to_o one_o and_o he_o be_v oust_v determination_n will._n determination_n and_o then_o enter_v again_o and_o take_v a_o new_a estate_n the_o will_n be_v determine_v but_o a_o stranger_n can_v determine_v his_o estate_n without_o his_o consent_n but_o here_o he_o have_v determine_v his_o first_o estate_n by_o his_o new_a contract_n with_o the_o disseisor_n of_o his_o lessor_n and_o he_o say_v if_o livery_n and_o seisin_n be_v make_v upon_o one_o acre_n of_o land_n in_o the_o name_n of_o two_o acre_n it_o be_v good_a for_o both_o the_o acre_n for_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o the_o party_n that_o give_v the_o livery_n shall_v go_v to_o all_o the_o land_n mention_v in_o the_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n seisin_n livery_n and_o seisin_n and_o he_o also_o say_v that_o if_o tenant_n at_o will_n cut_v down_o a_o tree_n upon_o the_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v at_o will_n by_o this_o act_n he_o have_v determine_v his_o will._n drake_n and_o drake_n hill_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v drake_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o drake_n for_o these_o word_n word_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n for_o word_n viz._n thou_o have_v preach_v lie_v in_o the_o pulpit_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o master_n of_o art_n and_o incumbent_a of_o a_o live_n wadham_n windham_n hold_v the_o word_n actionable_a because_o they_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o relation_n to_o his_o