Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	acre_n	contain_v	estimation_n	2,261	5	11.5685	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06786	Consuetudo, vel lex mercatoria, or The ancient law-merchant Diuided into three parts: according to the essentiall parts of trafficke. Necessarie for all statesmen, iudges, magistrates, temporall and ciuile lawyers, mint-men, merchants, marriners, and all others negotiating in all places of the world. By Gerard Malynes merchant.	Malynes, Gerard, fl. 1586-1641.	1622 (1622)	STC 17222; ESTC S114044	480,269	516

5400 Geometricall Miles or 21600 ordinarie Miles But whereas the Miles in all Kingdomes and Countries and almost in euerie Prouince or Shire doe differ I haue thought conuenient to admit one measure of one million of Acres of ground to measure the whole Globe therby according to the Map which is not only intelligible vnto al men but al merchants also may haue vse hereof For by the number of the millions of Acres comparing one Kingdome vnto another or one Countrie vnto another Countrie they may know the bignesse and spaciousnesse thereof which we haue particularly obserued in Europe with a distinction also of the Dominion of Princes in these seuerall Countries knowne by the name France Italy Germany and others which many times falleth into consideration vpon singular occasions This Globe of the world is diuided to be two third parts Water or Seas and one third part Land and of this Land there is one third part not inhabited and the other two third parts are as followeth The whole Circumference by the aforesaid measure is 19 803 575000 which is 29 milliars 803 millions 575 thousand Acres and the milliar is tenne hundreth millions A Milliar is ten hundreth Millions So the ⅔ part water is 19 milliars 869 millions and 50 thousand acres of ground answerable and the other part third is 9 milliars 934 millions 525000 acres Hereof deduct ⅓ part not inhabited which is 3 milliars 311 millions 508 thousand acres So rest 6 milliars 623 millions 17 thousand acres of land inhabited whereof followeth a particular distribution First for Europe or Christendome England containeth 29 millions 568 thousand acres Scotland containeth 14 millions 432 thousand acres Ireland containeth 18 millions So these three Kingdoms with all their dominions of lands and Ilands adiacent vnder the Diademe of King Iames containe 62 millions of acres of ground c. England is by this computation accordingly with the dominion of Wales and all Islands thereunto belonging the thousand part of the whole Globe or the 222 part of the earth inhabited or the 333 part of the whole earth and Scotland may be full the one halfe of this computation that is the 444 part of the earth inhabited or the 666 part of the whole earth and the Monarchie of great Brittaine and the Kingdome of Ireland is the 480 part of the whole Globe vnnecessarie fractions in cypher omitted The bodie of the Sunne is 166 times bigger than the whole Globe of the world and so accordingly for the seas and earth as aforesaid The 17 Prouinces of the Low-countries Containe 10 millions 797 thousand acres whereof The reconciled prouinces with Spaine containe 7 millions 197 thousand acres The vnited prouinces vnder the States containe 3 millions 599 thousand acres The Kingdome of France diuided into 32 prouinces containeth in all 82 millions 879 thousand acres The kingdomes of Spaine being eight in number containe as followeth     m. Castile 25 Millions 730. Andalusia 2 millions 425 Granado 2 millions 128 Nauarre 1 million 458 Leon galisia 9 millions 124 Arragon 13 millions 104 Biscaye 3 millions 412 Portugal 10 millions 154 In all containing 67 millions 535 thousand acres ITALIA Vnder Spaine     m. Naples 11 millions 704 Lombardie 1 million 640 Vnder Venice     m. Treuisana 2 millions 584 Verona 0 millions 480 Frioul 1 million 047 Mantua 0 millions 480 Vnder Rome     m. Liguria 1 million 415 Romagnia 1 million 085 Latium 0 millions 480 Hetruria 0 millions 540 Sauoy 1 million 910 Piedmont 1 million 160 Toscana c. 4 millions 785 Suria and Florence 480 Marca 1 million 412 Ancona Parma 0 millions 885 Sicilia 3 millions 113 Cypres 1 million 601 Candia 2 millions 060 Corsica 1 million 395 Sardegna 4 millions 089 Containing in all 44 millions 257 thousand acres GERMANIA     m. Saxonia 3 millions 484 Misina 3 millions 249 Turnigia 1 million 093 Lusatia 2 millions 572 Bauaria 3 millions 249 Helsatia 3 millions 644 Heluetia 12 millions 328 Basle 0 millions 842 Swebourgh 2 millions 109 Salsbourgh 1 million 063 Trier Ments 4 mill 237 Spiers Strasbourgh and Wormes Iuliers 0 millions 348 Cleaue 0 millions 258 Westphalia 2 millions 300 Osnab 0 millions 358 Silesia 5 millions 706 Bohemia 7 millions 024 Austria 6 millions 121 Morauia 4 millions 114 Pomerania 3 millions 249 Brandenbourgh 6 millions 208 Machalbourgh 2 millions 107 Franconia 6 millions 361 Tiroll 3 millions 249 Carinthia 1 million 588 Stiria 1 million 779 Palantine Rhene 4 millions 361 Wirtenborgh 1 million 223 Embden 0 millions 230 Oldenbourgh 0 millions 449 Liege 0 millions 548 Coloigne 0 millions 215 Containing in all 95 millions 646 thousand acres Prussia 10 millions 240 thousand acres     m. Russia 9 millions 607 Volhimia 5 millions 762 Massouia 1 million 916 Liuonia 34 millions 115 Poland 19 millions 205 Heretofore named Polonia containing in all 80 millions m. 845. DENMARKE     m. Denmarke 10 millions 426 Norway 28 millions 492 Holsten 1 million 065 Ditinars 0 million 337 Containing in all 40 millions 326 thousand acres SVVETHEN Sweathen 57 millions 430 thousand acres Finland 7 millions 531 thousand Gothia 20 millions 936 thousand Containing in all 85 millions 897 thousand acres Part of Russiia or Moscouia and Situam vnder Europe 232 millions 558 thousand acres so that whole Europe or Christendome doth but containe 802 millions 740 thousand acres EVROPE which is not the 12 part of the whole earth Hungarie Dalmatia Transyluania and all Turkie 385 mill m. 367. Moscouiae Pars 128 millions 817 thousand acres Tartaria 299 millions 110 thousand ASIA Persia 385 millions 367 thousand Calicut and East-India 587 millions 200 thousand acres Africa containeth 1541 millions 883 thousand acres AFRICA America containeth 1152 millions 400 thousand acres AMERICA Noua Hispania 1349 millions 133 thousand acres Summa totalis of the inhabited parts of the World six Milliars six hundreth and twentie three Millions and seuen tenne thousand Acres of Land Vt supra THE vse of this description to know the bignesse of one Countrey compared vnto another Countrey is for example England containeth twentie nine Measures and odde Bohemia containing seuen Measures and odde is the fourth part of England or thereabouts The seuenteene Prouinces of the Low Countryes being tenne Measures and odde is the third part of England or thereabouts The Monarchy of Great Brittaine being fortie foure Measures and odd is as big as all Italy and the fiue Ilands of Sicilia Cyprus Candia Corsica and Sardignia and is also more populous And so for all other Countryes insomuch that England onely containing twentie nine of those Measures or Millions 568 thousand Acres of ground if wee deduct the fiue Millions and 568 thousand Acres for wilde waste grounds and High-wayes One penny an Acre is one hundred thousand pounds in England there will remain foure and twentie Millions of Acres which at one penny an Acre amounteth to one hundreth thousand pounds a

of Wooll is 364 ll weight of Auoirdupois two Weighes of Wooll make a Sacke and 12 Sackes make a Last But a Last of Herrings containeth tenne thousand A Last of Herring and euery thousand containe tenne hundreth Load of Lead The Load of Lead is 175 ll the Fother maketh nineteene hundreth and one halfe Concerning MEASVRES Yeard THere is a yeard deriued from the Graines of Barley Three Barley Cornes in length make an inch and twelue inches one foot and three foot to the yeard and 16½ foot make a Pole or Pearch to measure land withall Pearches Albeit this Pearch doth varie in some places being 18 and 21 foot Of these Pearches 40 in length and 4 in bredth make the Acre of land or wood Acre of land Whereupon Plinie lib. 2. cap. 23. deriueth Stadium to be a Furlong Furlong which containeth 125 Paces euerie Pace 5 Foot the Foot is to containe 4 Palmes and euerie Palme 4 Fingers bredth The bredth of silke Cypers bending and Curld N o. 6 is 3 Nailes broad n o. 8 is 3½ Nailes Bredth of Cypers and n o. 10 is ¼ of a yard broad n o. 12 is 5 16 of a yard n o. 14 is ⅜ of a yard n o. 16 is 7 10 of a yard n o. 18 is ½ a yard broad Note in all plaine Cypers they abate 10 vpon the hundreth and so bring them from Braces into Flemish Elles and in the curld they abate 25 ꝑ cent and in bending 16 in the hundreth Genes silke by the Paune of 104 to the hundreth is ¼ 26 yards English Of silke wares Bolonia silkes by Braces the 100 are 89 Flemish Elles Florence silke by Braces the hundreth 81⅔ Flemish and 61¼ English Luca by Braces the ⅚ part of a Flemish Elle or ⅝ of a yard English Venice by Braces the 100 are 95 Flemish and 71¼ yards so Norenborgh Seuill by Varres the 100 is 123½ Flemish and 92⅝ yards 74 Elles Roan by Elles the 100 is 125 yards and 157½ Varres of Spaine And the 110 Elles English is 135½ Varres of Spaine The 100 Elles Flemish is but 60 Elles English There are 8 Bushells in a Quarter Corne measure as before fiue Quarters to a Tunne lading and ten Quarters a Last but alwaies 10¼ or 10½ for a Last of Holland Salt fortie Bushels make a Waigh Salt water measure of tenne Gallons At Plymouth they measure by a Bushell alien measure whereof 24 make a Tunne and eight make a Quarter so three Quarters make one Tunne and euerie Bushell is eighteene Gallons so that a Tunne of Salt at Plymouth is bigger than a Waigh of London by 32 Gallons The Measures of Lands THe measuring of Lands in distance or length extending to miles or the partition of Lands by Measures Acres Arpentiers Bunderen c. is done by a Measure or Road which is diuided in 10 12 14 16½ or 20 Foot and the Foot is diuided in a certaine number of Ynches 10 12 or 16 which are also differing in bignesse Digitus or Finger is in bredth 4 Barley corns laied close together A Thumbe or Inch is 6 Graines or Barley cornes making two of them three Ouncia is 3 Fingers or 2 Thumbes Palma in Greeke Doron is 4 Fingers is the 24 part of a mans stature Lichas or Dichas is a Span of a hand with the Thumbe and fore-finger or ten Fingers sometimes taken for two Palmes which is eight Fingers Orthodoron in Greeke is the length of a mans hand or 11 Fingers Spithama or Span with the Thumbe and the little Finger is 16 Digiti or Fingers also Greciaries 12 Fingers is 3 Palma in Latin Dodrans Pes a Foot is 16 Fingers or 4 Palmes or the ⅙ of a proportionated mans stature Pigme is 18 Fingers so a Pigme is a tall fellow Pigori is 20 Fingers called Cubitus from the elbow to the fingers doubled Cubitus is 24 Fingers or 6 Palmes is ¼ of a mans stature or Sesquipes 1½ Foot or 2 Dodrantes from the elbow to the point of the longest finger Gradus a step is two Foot or 32 Fingers as betweene both feet distant Passus simplex is 2½ Foot halfe a remoue of the bodie Passus is a Pace with 2 leggs making from the heele to the toe 5 Foot Orgia or a Fathome is 6 foot in Latin Vlna or 4 Cubicos Stadium is Aulus of 125 Paces of 2½ foot is 312 foot Greece 100 Paces was the running of one man with one breath as Hercules did Diaulus is 2 Stadia Hippicon 4 Stadia the running of a horse Dolicos is 12 Stadia about the sixth part of a Dutch mile Signes or Scena or Funiculus in Aegypt is 60 Stadia is an houres going and euery man did draw the line going vp by boat Stadmos was a Posts iourney Miliare vel Leuca are diuers But a Flemish mile is 1400 Roads Gradus Geometrorum wherewith the world is measured round about is 15 miles so the world is 360 Gradus in toto 5400 miles or at 4 miles for one Geometricall mile is 21600 miles The most commodious measure and more vsuall is the Road of 14 foot rather than our pearch of 16½ foot and one hundreth of these Roads are called a Line of land and three line make a great Measure of land so called by the name Measure whereupon we now proceed A Line of land lying one foot broad the length of a mile and a plough going one foot broad may be accounted to go a mile the land square 100 foot for a Road and the Line of land one Road broad is 10600 foot A Line square is 10 thousand Roads or 33⅓ Measures as aforesaid For a Measure is 300 Roads and square 17½ Roads containing 58800 Foot This Road is called in Germanie Pertica making there 15 Foot and in Flaunders accounting 1400 Roads for a mile is 10600 Foot in length A way one Road broad is called a high-way for passengers Pedanticall A mile in length containeth 4⅔ Measures of land the way of a wagon is accounted 9⅓ Measures Some in Flaunders do reckon 1000 Roads for a mile but is of 20 Foot the Road. Miliare was the distance or marching of a campe without baiting called Rastrum or Rastas was 4000 paces The difference between miles is not to be reconciled euery countrie hauing their owne computation and that differing in most places within themselues In Saxonie a mile is 4000 Paces in other places in Germanie 5000 Paces In France they call them Lieux or Leucas and in a parleament there it was appointed to be 1000 turnings of the wheeles of a Wagon wherof the formost made wheele was 12 and the hindmost 18 foot which betweene was adiudged vpon 15 Foot is of a Dutch mile but ¾ In Spaine one Dutch mile maketh one mile and one halfe In England 4 of their miles to one Dutch mile being there 1000 Paces In Italie 1000 Paces wherof the 3 is a Duch mile Florence 3000

matter little sensible Here may Microcosmos the little world Man behold how little the great world is which is made for him as a Tabernacle where hee hath no abiding place but trauelleth as a Pilgrime towards the Coelestiall habitation with a thankefull mind and remembrance of the mercie of God who hath beene mindfull of the Sonne of Man and made him lower than the Angels to crowne him with glory and worship Psal. 8. Thus much I thought to demonstrate vnto Christian Merchants touching the world before wee intreate of the commodities whereby trafficke and commerce is by them and other Nations maintained according to the ancient Verse Currit Mercator ad Indos as appeareth in the next Chapter CHAP. VII Of the Commodities of all Countries whereby commerce is mainetained Corporum tria sunt genera ALbeit that the aforesaid Doctors of the Ciuile Law haue declared that there be but three kind of bodies of things namely 1 Quod continetur vno spiritu vt homo lapis c. which is contained of one spirit as man and a stone or such like 2 Quod ex pluribus inter se coherentibus constat vt edificium nauis c. which consisteth of many things ioyned together as a building a ship c. 3 Quod ex distantibus constat vt corpora vno nomine subiecta veluti populus legio grex c. which cōsisteth of distant things as many bodies vnder one name a People a Legion a Flock and the like Yet this difinition is not compleat concerning the bodie of trafficke and commerce consisting of Bodie Soule and Spirit namely Commodities Mony and exchange of Mony by Bills of Exchanges as aforesaid which are to be described in order And because Commodities like vnto the Bodie vpheld the world at the first by way of commutation and bartering of them according to necessitie and vsefulnesse Therefore may it bee thought conuenient to set downe in this place the particular commodities of all Countries and of some of them their values and estimation by meanes whereof Trafficke and Trade is established and maintained that thereupon wee may proceed accordingly Verely in the estate of Innocency all things were common but alas this communitie of things indured but a while and now by reason of our naturall corruption and pronenesse to wrong one another there is an absolute necessitie of proprietie and seuerall possession which is consonant to the Law of God as well as founded vpon the Law of man and consent of Nations it being the voyce of secondarie Nature This is my house this is my towne and this is my seruant c. whereby Meum Tuum is distinguished The reuocation of this communion of things is the nerues and bond of humane Societie and the mother of labour and diligence Who would Till the ground if he hoped not to taste of the crop of it Surely all would be waste and desolate if men were to plant and build for euery body that is nobody Wee see by experience that the strongest would depriue others of the vse of things vnlesse the law did interpose her authoritie which is two fold namely Paterna Politica effected by the fathers of families and magistrates And herein is no other equalitie to be found concerning things but a mutuall voluntarie estimation of them according to the vse and behoofe of the said things And the prouerbe is true That goods held in common are as it were no bodies goods and not manured as they ought to be whereupon Plato in his second Common-wealth vpon better consideration did reuoke his former opinion of the communitie of goods and vsed to say That no man was a gayner but another became a looser which had an ouer great regard to the propertie of goods and if there were no propertie of goods all trafficke would cease Neuerthelesse the Equalitie and Equitie in the course of Commerce must be obserued to auoid the ouerballancing of commodities as in the precedent Chapter is mentioned which requireth a third consideration of an other kind of equalitie For as we haue noted with Aristotle Riches is either Naturall or Artificiall The Naturall riches as Lands Vines Forrests Meddowes and the like The Artificiall as Money Gold Siluer Cloth and all other Manufactures and houshold Stuffe Now as this Artificiall riches is proceeding of the Naturall riches and that both these doe receiue their price and estimation by money So reason requireth a certaine equalitie betweene them which wee find to bee defectiue which is concerning the price of lands To prooue our Assertion wee can hardly make this inequalitie appeare albeit wee doe find the want of the treasure transported from vs into the parts beyond the Seas For it befalleth vnto vs concerning monyes and wealth as it doth to a Generall of a Campe of ten thousand supposed armed men whereof muster being taken at seuerall times and vpon seuerall dayes all of them are found to bee armed because they lend their Armour to each other whereas if they were all mustred in a day and at one instant a great part of them would bee found to want Armour So the like want of monyes and wealth would be found if rich men were examined for their personall estates vpon any vrgent occasion And now let vs examine the commodities of all countries beginning from the East and ending in the West Of the goodnesse and value of East India Commodities THe Merchants Trade for the East Indies tooke beginning in England in the yeare 1600 At which time Spices and all other Commodities were bought for the prices hereafter declared translated out of the Portugall tongue with my additions and obseruations concerning the goodnesse of those Commodities Cloues Cloues growing in the Ilands of Moluccos being cleane of Stalkes by the Portugal called Fusties Fusses were sold for fiftie Pardaos the Kintal or the 100 weight of 112 ll correspondent with our London quintal or hundreth accounting the Pardao or Ducatt at 5 ss is about 27 pence the pound There is another leaner and drier sort of Cloues called Crauo di Bastao which is sold for 25 ducatts which the Portugalls doe mingle many times the difference is halfe in halfe in price and the pound at 13 ½ pence Mace Mace being of a faire colour and large which groweth vpon the Nutmegs and is had also in the Iland of Bantan was sold for 74 Ducatts the hundreth which is 40 pence starling the pound Nuttmegs Nutmegs in the said places were sold for 15 Ducatts is 75 ss the hundreth and the pound weight eight pence starling Ginger Ginger being dry from Calicout called Belledin or ashe colour Ginger at 9 Ducats the hundreth is 45 ss and the pound at 5 pence or thereabouts There is an inferiour sort called Mechino of six Ducatts the Quintall Ginger in conserue at 13 ½ Ducatts is about 7 ½ pence the pound Sinamon Sinamon of Zeilan growing in that Iland was sold at thirtie