Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	acre_n	charge_n	shilling_n	1,302	5	11.1459	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35222	The English empire in America, or, A prospect of His Majesties dominions in the West-Indies ... with an account of the discovery, scituation, product, and other excellencies of these countries : to which is prefixed a relation of the first discovery of the New World called America, by the Spaniards, and of the remarkable voyages of several Englishmen to divers places therein : illustrated with maps and pictures by R.B., author of Englands monarchs, &c., Admirable curiosities in England, &c., Historical remarks of London, &c., The late wars in England, &c., and The history of Scotland and Ireland.	R. B., 1632?-1725?	1685 (1685)	Wing C7319; ESTC R21113	146,553	216

of Plenty of all sorts of Provisions Insomuch that most sorts are already cheaper there than in any other of the English Colonys and they are plentifully enough supplied with all things from England or other Parts Ashly-River about seven Miles in from the Sea divides it self into two Branches the Southermost retaining the name of Ashly-River the North Branch is called Cooper-River In May 1680. the Lords Proprietors sent their Orders to the Government their appointing the Port-Town for these two Rivers to be Built on the Point of Land that divides them and to be called Charles Town since which time about an hundred Houses are there Built and more are Building daily by the Persons of all sorts that come there to Inhabit from the more Northern English Colonys and the Sugar Islands England and Ireland and many Persons who went to Carolina Servants being Industrious since they came out of their times with their Masters at whose charge they were Transported have gotten good Stocks of Cattle and Servants of their own have here also Built Houses and exercise their Trades And many that went thither in that condition are now worth several Hundreds of Pounds and live in a very plentiful condition and their Estates still encreasing And Land is become of that value near the Town that it is sold for twenty Shillings per Acre though pillaged of all its valuable Timber and not cleared of the rest and Land that is clear'd and fitted for Planting and Fenced is let for ten Shillings per annum the Acre though twenty miles distant from the Town and six men will in six weeks time Fall Clear Fence in and fit for Planting six Acres of Land At this Town in November 1680. There Rode at one time sixteen Sail of Vessels some of which were upwards of 200 Tuns that came from divers parts of the Kings Dominions to trade there which great concourse of shipping will undoubtebly in a short time make it a considerable Town The Eastern Shore of America whether it be by reason of its having the great Body of the Continent to the Westward of it and by consequence the Northwest-Wind which blows contrary to the Sun the Freezing-Wind as the North-East is in Europe or that the Frozen Lakes which lie-in beyond Canada and lie North and West from the Shore Impregnate the Freezing Wind with more chill and congealing qualities or that the uncultivated Earth covered for the most part with large shading Trees breathes forth more nitrous Vapours than that which is cultivated or all these Reasons together it is certainly much more cold than any part of Europe in the same Degree of Latitude insomuch that New-England and those parts of America about the Latitude of thirty nine and forty and more North though above six hundred miles nearer the Sun than England is notwithstanding many degrees colder in the Winter The Author having been informed by those that say they have seen it that in those Parts it Freezeth about six Inches thick in a Night and great Navigable Rivers are Frozen over in the same space of time and the Country about Ashly-River though within nine Degrees of the Tropick hath seldom any Winter that doth not produce some Ice though I cannot yet learn that any hath been seen on Rivers or Ponds above a quarter of an Inch thick which vanisheth as soon as the Sun is an hour or two high and when the Wind is not at North-west the Weather is very mild So that the December and January of Ashly-River I suppose to be of the same Temperature with the latter end of March and beginning of April in England this small Winter causeth a fall of the Leaf and adapts the Countrey to the production of all the Grains and Fruits of England as well as those that require more Sun insomuch that at Ashly-River the Apple the Pear the Plum the Quince Apricock Peach Medlar Walnut Mulberry and Chesnut thrive very well in the same Garden together with the Orange the Lemon the Olive the Pomgranate the Fig and Almond nor is the Winter here cloudy Overcast or Foggy but it hath been observed that from the twentieth of August to the tenth of March including all the Winter Months there have been but eight overcast days and though Rains fall pretty often in the Winter it is most commonly in quick Showers which when past the Sun shines out clear again The Summer is not near so hot as in Virginia or ●●e other Northern American English Colonies which may hardly gain belief with those that have not considered the reason which is its neerness to the Tropicks which makes it in a greater measure than those ports more Northward partake of those Breezes which almost constantly rise about eight or nine of the Clock within the Tropicks and blow fresh from the East till about four in the Afternoon and a little after the Sea-breeze dies away there rises a North-wind which blowing all night keeps it fresh and cool In short I take Carolina to be much of the same nature with those delicious Countries about Aleppo Antioch and Smyrna But hath the advantage of being under an equal English Government Such who in this Countrey have seated themselves near great Marshes are subject to Agues as those are who are so seated in England But such who are Swan wild Geese Duck Widgeon Teal Curlew Snipe Shell Drake and a certain sort of black Duck that is excellent meat and stayes there all the year Neat Cattle thrive and increase here exceedingly there being perticular Planters that have already seven or eight hundred head and will in a few years in all probability have as many thousands unless they sell some part he Cattle are not subject to any Disease as yet perceiv'd and are fat all the Year long without any Fother the little Winter they have not pinching them so as to be perceiv'd which is a great advantage the Planters here have of the more Northern Plantations who are all forc'd to give their Cattle Fother and must spend a great part of their Summers Labour in providing three or four Months Fother for their Cattle in the Winter or else would have few of them alive in the Spring which will keep them from ever having very great Herds or be able to do much in Planting any Commodity for Foreign Markets the providing Winter Food for their Cattle taking up so much of their Summers Labour So that many Judicious Persons think that Carolina will be able by Sea to supply those Northern Colonies with salted Beef for their Shipping cheaper than they themselves with what is bred among them for considering that all the Woods in Carolina afford good Pasturage and the small Rent that is paid to the Lords Proprietors for Land an Ox is raised at almost as little expence in Carolina as a Hen is in England And it hath by experience been found that Beef will take salt at Ashly-River any Month in the Year and save very

Scale Fish Eels and Shell-Fish as Oysters c. in great plenty and easie to take This Country is plentifully supplied with lovely Springs Rivuolets In-land Rivers and Creeks which fall into the Sea and Hudsons-River in which is much plenty and variety of Fresh-Fish and Water-Fowl There is great plenty of Oak-Timber fit for Shipping and Masts for Ships and other variety of Wood like the adjacent Colonies as Chesnut Walnut Poplar Cedar Ash F●rr c. fit for building within the Country The Land or Soyle as in other places varies in goodness and richness but generally fertile and with much smaller labour than in England produceth plentiful Corps of all sorts of English Grain Besides Indian Corn which the English Planters find not only to be of vast increase but very wholesome and good in use It also produceth good Flax and Hemp which they now Spin and Manufacture into Linen Cloth There 's sufficient Meadow and Marsh to their Vp-lands And the very Barrens there as they are call'd are not like some in England but produce Grass fit for Grazing Cattle in Summer Season The Country is well stored with wilde Deer Conies and wild Fowl of several sorts as Turkeys Pidgeons Partridges Plover Quailes Wilde Swans Geese Ducks c. in great plenty It produceth variety of good and delicious Fruits as Grapes Plumbs Mulberryes Apricocks Peaches Pears Apples Quinces Water-Melons c. which are here in England planted in O'rchards and Gardens These as also many other Fruits which come not to perfection in England are the more natural product of this Country There are already great store of Horses Cowes Hogs and some Sheep which may be bought at reasonable Prises with English Monys or English Commodities or mans Labour where Monys and Goods are wanting What sort of Mine or Minerals are in the Bowels of the Earth After-time must produce the Inhabitants not having yet employed themselves in search thereof But there is already a Smelting-furnace and Forge set up in this Colony where is made good Iron which is of great benefit to the Country It is exceedingly well furnished with safe and covenient Harbours for Shipping which is of great advantage to that Country and affords already for Exportation great plenty of Horses And also Beef Pork Pipestaves Boards Bread Flowre Wheat Barly Rie Indian Corn Butter and Cheese which they Export for Barbados Jamaica Mevis and other adjacent Islands as also to Portugal Spain the Canaries c. their Whale Oyle and Whale-Fins Bever Monky Racoon and Martin Skins which this Country produceth they Transport for England The Scituation and Soyle of this Country may invite any who are inclin'd to Transport themselves into those parts of America For 1. It being considerably Peopled and Scituate on the Sea Coast with convenient Harbours and so near adjacent to the Province of New-York and Long Island being also well Peopled Colonies may be proper for Merchants Tradsemen and Navigators 2. It 's likewise proper for such who are inclined to Fishery the whole Coast and very Harbours Mouth 's being fit for it which has been no small Rise to the New-England people and may be here carryed on also with great advantage 3. For its Soyle it 's proper for all Industrious Husband-men and such who by hard Labour here on Rack Rents are scarce able to maintain themselves much less to raise any Estate for their Children may with God's blessing on their Labours there live comfortably and provide well for their Families 4. For Carpenters Bricklayers Masons Smiths Mill-wrights and Wheel wrights Bakers Tanners Taylors Weavers Shoomakers Hatters and all or most Handicrafts where their Labour is much more valued than in these Parts and Provisions much Cheaper 5. And chiefly for such of the above mentioned or any other who upon solid Grounds and weighty Considerations are inclined in their minds to go into those Parts without which their going their cannot be comfortable or answer their expectation The Indian Natives in this Country are but few comparative to the Neighbouring Colonies and those that are there are so far from being formidable or injurious to the Plan●ers and Inhabitants that they are really servicable and advantageous to the English not only in Hunting and taking the Deer and other wilde Creatures and catching of Fish and Fowl fit for food in their Seasons but in the killing and destroying of Bears Wolves Foxes and other Vermine and Poltry whose Skins and Furrs they bring the English and sell at a less price than the value of time an Englishman must spend to take them As for the Constitutions of the Country they were made in the Time of John Lord Barclay and Sir George Carteret the late Proprietors thereof in which such provision was made for Liberty in matters of Religion and Property in their Estates that under the Ferms thereof that Colony has been considerably Peopled and that much from the adjacent Countries where they have not only for many years enjoyed their Estates according the Concessions but also an uninterrupted Exercise of their Particular perswasions in matters of Religion And we the present Proprietors so soon as any persons here in England or elsewhere are willing to be Engaged with us shall be ready and desirous to make such farther Additions and Supplements to the said Constitutions as shall be thought fit for the encouragement of all Planters and Adventurers And for the farther setling the said Colony with a Sober and Industrious People Having with all possible brevity given an Account of the Country we shall say something as to the disposition of Lands there 1. Our Purpose is with all convenient expedition to erect and build one Principal Town which by reason of Scituation must in all probability be the most considerable for Merchandize Trade and Fishery in those Parts It 's designed to be placed upon a Neck or Point of Rich-land called Ambo-point lying on Raritor-River and pointing to Sandy-Hook-Bay and near adjacent to the place where Ships in that Great Harbour commonly Ride at Anchor A Scheme of which is already drawn and those who shall desire to be satisfied therewith many treat for a share thereof 2. As for Encouragement of Servants c. We allow the same Priviledges as were provided in the Concessions at first 3. Such who are desirous to Purchase any Lands in this Province Free from all Charge and to pay down their Purchase Monys here for any quantities of Acres Or that desire to take up Lands there upon any small Quit-Rents to be Reserved shall have Grants to them and their Heirs on moderate and reasonable Terms 4. Those who are desirous to Transport themselves into those Parts before they Purchase if any thing there present to their satisfaction we doubt not but the Terms of Purchase will be so Moderate Equal and Encouraging that may Engage them to settle in that Colony Our Purpose being with all possible Expedi●ion to dispatch Persons thither with whom they may Treat and who

well Ewes have most commonly two or three Lambs at a time their Wool is a good Staple and they thrive very well but require a Shepherd to drive them to Feed and to bring them home at night to preserve them from the Wolves Hogs increase in Carolina abundantly and in a manner without any charge or trouble to the Planter only to make them Sheds wherein they may be protected from the Sun and Rain and Morning and Evening to give them a l●ttle Indian Corn or the pickings and parings of Potatoes Turnips or other Roots and at the same time blowing a Horn or making any other constant noise to which being us'd they will afterwards upon hearing it repair home the rest of their Food they get in the Woods of Masts and Nuts of several sorts and when those fail they have Grass and Roots enough the ground being never frozen so hard as to keep them from Rooting these conveniencies breeds them large and in the Mast time they are very fat all which makes the rearing them so easy that there are many Planters that are single and have never a Servant that have two or three hundred Hogs of which they make great profit Barbados Jamaica and New-England affording a constant good price for their Pork by which means they get wherewithal to build them more convenient Houses and to purchase Servants and Negro-Slaves There have been imported into Carolina about an hundred and fifty Mares and some Horses from New-York and Road-Island which breed well and the Colts they have are finer Limb'd and Headed than their Dams or Sires which gives great hopes of an excellent breed of Horses as soon as they gotten have good Stalions amongst them Negros by reason of the mildness of the Winter thrive and stand much better than in any of the Northern Colonys and require less clothes which is a great charged sav'd With the Indiaas the English have a perfect friendship they being both useful to one another And care is taken by the Lords Proprietors that no Injustice shall be done them In order to which they have established a particular Court of Judicature compos'd of the soberest and most disinteressed Inhabitants to determine all differences that shall happen between the English and any of the Indians this they do upon a Christian and Moral Consideration and not out of any apprehension of danger from them for the Indians have been always so ingaged in Wars one Town 〈◊〉 Village against another their Government being usually of no greater extent that they have not suffered any increase of People there having been several Nations in a manner quite extirpated by Wars amongst themselves since the English setled at Ashly River This keeps them so thin of people and so divided that the English have not the least apprehensions of danger from them the English being already too strong for all the Indians within five hundred Miles of them if they were united and this the Indians so wel know that they will never dare to break with the English or do an Injury to any particular person for fear of having it reveng'd upon their whole Nation The Lords Proprietors do at present grant to all persons that come there to Inhabit as follows viz. To each Master or Mistress of a Family fifty acres for every able son or man-servant they shall carry or cause to be transported into Carolina fifty acres more and the like for each Daughter or Woman servant that is marriageable and for each child man or woman servant under sixteen yeart of age forty acres and fifty acres of Land to each servant when out of their time this Land to be injoy'd by them and their Heirs for ever they paying a penny an Acre Quit-rent to the Lords Proprietors the Rent to commence in two years after their taking up their Land But forasmuch as divers persons who are already Inhabitants of Carolina others that have Intentions to transport themselves into that Province desire not to be cumber'd with paying of a Rent also to secure to themselves good large convenient tracts of Land without being forc'd to bring thither a great number of servants at one time The Lords Proprietors have been Prevail'd upon and have agreed to sell to those who have a mind to buy Land after the rate of fifty pound for a Thousand Acres reserving a Pepper-Corn per annum Rent when demanded The way of any ones taking up his Land due to him either by carrying himself or servants into the Country or by purchasing it of the Lords Proprietors is after this manner He first seeks out a place to his mind that is not already possessed by any other then applyes himself to the Governour and Proprietors Deputies and shew what rights he hath to Land either by Purchase or otherwise who thereupon issue out their Warrant to the Surveyor-General to measure him out a Plantation containing the number of actres due to him who making certificate that he hath measur'd out so much Land and the Bounds a Deed is prepar'd of course which is Signed by the Governour and the Lords Proprietors Deputies and the Proprietors Seal affixed to it and Registr'd which is a good Conveyance in Law of the Land therein mention'd to the Party and his Heirs for ever I have here as I take it described a pleasant and fertile Country abounding in health and pleasure and with all things necessary for the sustenance of mankind and wherein I think I have written nothing but truth sure I am I have inserted no wilful falshood I have also told you how men are to have Land that go there to Inhabit But a rational man will certainly inquire When I have Land what shall I doe with it what Commoditys shall I be able to produce that will yield me mony in other Countrys that I may be inabled to buy Negro slaves without which a Planter can never do any great matter and purchase other things for my pleasure and convenience that Carolina doth not produce To this I answer That besides the great profit that will be made by the vast Herds of Cattle and Swine the Country appears to be proper for the Commoditys following viz. Wine There are growing naturally in the Country five sorts of Grapes three of which the French Vignaroons who are there judge will make very good Wine and some of the Lords Proprietors have taken care to send plants of the Rhenish Canary Claret Muscat Madera and ●ish Grapes of all which divers Vinyards are planted some wine was made this year that proved very good both in colour and taste and an indifferent good quantity may be expected the next year The Country hath gentle rising hills of fertil sand proper for Vines and farther from the Sea rock and gravel on which very good grapes grow naturally ripen well and together and very lushious in taste insomuch as the French Protestants who are there and skill'd in wine do no way doubt of producing

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