and_o in_o other_o place_n rumsey-marsh_n in_o kent_n consist_v of_o 45000_o acre_n and_o upward_o as_o cambden_n relate_v be_v of_o some_o antiquity_n where_o the_o land_n be_v usual_o let_v for_o 30_o s_o per_fw-la acre_n and_o yet_o 1_o d_o per_fw-la week_n constant_o be_v pay_v through_o the_o whole_a levil_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o now_o and_o then_o 2_o d_o whereas_o ordinary_a salt_n be_v account_v dear_a at_o 5_o s_o or_o 6_o s_o per_fw-la acre_n so_o that_o the_o improvement_n be_v very_o considerable_a the_o same_o i_o may_v say_v of_o fen_n especial_o that_o great_a fen_n of_o lincolnshire_n cambridge_n huntingdon_n consisi_v as_o i_o be_o inform_v of_o 380000_o acre_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o recover_v and_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o tell_v i_o very_o late_o that_o he_o have_v proffer_v a_o mark_n per_fw-la acre_n for_o 900_o acre_n together_o to_o sow_v rape_n on_o which_o former_o be_v scarce_o value_v at_o 12_o d_o per_fw-la acre_n very_o great_a therefore_o be_v the_o improvement_n of_o drain_n of_o land_n and_o our_o negligence_n very_o great_a that_o they_o have_v be_v waist_n so_o long_o and_o as_o yet_o so_o continue_v in_o divers_a place_n for_o the_o improve_n of_o a_o kingdom_n be_v better_a than_o the_o conquer_a of_o a_o new_a one_o 2_o i_o see_v likewise_o no_o small_a fault_n in_o this_o land_n by_o have_v so_o many_o chase_n and_o forest_n where_o bramble_n brake_n furze_n do_v grow_v when_o as_o these_o trumpery_n may_v be_v cut_v up_o and_o pot-ash_n make_v of_o they_o and_o the_o ground_n employ_v profitable_o for_o corn_n or_o pasture_n i_o know_v a_o forest_n by_o brill_n in_o buckingham-shire_n take_v in_o and_o the_o land_n be_v usual_o let_v be_v now_o well_o enclose_v for_o 4_o or_o 5_o noble_n per_n acre_n 3_o sort_v of_o waste-land_n be_v dry_a heathy_a commons_o i_o know_v that_o poor_a people_n will_v cry_v out_o against_o i_o because_o i_o call_v these_o waste_a land_n but_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n i_o desire_v ingenious_a gentleman_n serious_o to_o consider_v whether_o or_o no_o these_o land_n may_v not_o be_v improve_v very_o much_o by_o the_o husbandry_n of_o flaunders_n viz._n by_o sow_v flax_n turnip_n great_a clovergrasse_n if_o that_o manure_n be_v make_v by_o fould_a sheep_n after_o the_o flaunders_n way_n to_o keep_v it_o in_o heart_n 2_o whether_o the_o rottenness_n and_o scabbinesse_n of_o sheep_n murrain_n of_o cattle_n disease_n of_o horse_n and_o in_o general_a all_o disease_n of_o cattle_n do_v not_o especial_o proceed_v from_o commons_o 3_o if_o the_o rich_a man_n who_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v great_a stock_n be_v not_o great_a gainer_n by_o they_o 4_o whether_o commons_o do_v not_o rather_o make_v poor_a by_o cause_v idleness_n than_o maintain_v they_o and_o such_o poor_a who_o be_v train_v up_o rather_o for_o the_o gallow_n or_o beggary_n than_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n service_n 5_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v few_o poor_a where_o there_o be_v few_o commons_o as_o in_o kent_n where_o there_o be_v scarce_o six_o commons_o in_o the_o county_n of_o a_o considerable_a greatness_n 6_o how_o many_o do_v they_o see_v enrich_v by_o the_o commons_o and_o if_o their_o cattle_n be_v not_o usual_o sweep_v away_o by_o the_o rot_n or_o starve_v in_o some_o hard_a winter_n 7_o if_o that_o poor_a man_n may_v not_o employ_v 2_o acre_n enclose_v to_o more_o advantage_n than_o twice_o as_o much_o in_o a_o common_a and_o last_o if_o that_o all_o commons_o be_v enclose_v and_o part_v give_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o part_n rent_v out_o for_o a_o stock_n to_o set_v all_o the_o poor_a on_o work_n in_o every_o county_n i_o determine_v nothing_o in_o this_o kind_n but_o leave_v the_o determination_n for_o wise_a head_n 4_o park_n although_o i_o can_v but_o reckon_v park_n among_o land_n which_o be_v not_o improve_v to_o the_o full_a but_o perceive_v considerable_a waste_n by_o they_o by_o brake_n bush_n bramble_n etc._n etc._n grow_v in_o divers_a place_n and_o therefore_o wish_v there_o be_v few_o in_o this_o island_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o so_o great_a a_o enemy_n to_o they_o as_o most_o be_v for_o there_o be_v very_o great_a uses_n of_o they_o as_o 1_o for_o the_o bring_n up_o of_o young_a cattle_n 2_o for_o the_o maintain_n of_o timber_n so_o that_o if_o any_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o timber_n either_o for_o a_o mil-post_n or_o a_o keel_n of_o a_o ship_n or_o other_o special_a use_n whither_o can_v they_o go_v but_o to_o a_o park_n 3_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o deer_n be_v very_o useful_a and_o their_o flesh_n excellent_a food_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o medicinal_a uses_n nor_o of_o acorn_n for_o hog_n etc._n etc._n but_o some_o will_v object_v that_o the_o plough_n never_o go_v there_o to_o the_o which_o i_o answer_v it_o be_v no_o matter_n for_o i_o can_v but_o say_v as_o fortescue_n chancellor_n to_o henry_n 6_o do_v that_o god_n have_v give_v we_o such_o a_o fruitful_a land_n law_n that_o without_o labour_n we_o have_v plenty_n whereas_o france_n must_v dig_v and_o delve_v for_o what_o they_o have_v and_o i_o suppose_v that_o i_o can_v maintain_v two_o thing_n which_o be_v think_v great_a paradox_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v no_o loss_n to_o this_o island_n if_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o plough_v at_o all_o if_o so_o be_v that_o we_o can_v certain_o have_v corn_n at_o a_o reasonable_a rate_n and_o likewise_o vent_v for_o all_o our_o manufacture_n of_o wool_n 1_o because_o that_o the_o commodity_n from_o cattle_n be_v far_o more_o stable_a than_o corn_n for_o cloth_n stuff_v stocking_n butter_n cheese_n hides_n shoe_n tallow_n be_v certain_a even_o every_o where_o corn_n scarce_o in_o any_o place_n constant_o in_o none_o 2_o pasture_n employ_v more_o hand_n which_o be_v the_o second_o paradox_n and_o therefore_o pasture_n do_v not_o depopulate_v as_o it_o be_v common_o say_v for_o normandy_n and_o picardy_n in_o france_n where_o there_o be_v pasture_n in_o a_o good_a measure_n be_v a_o populous_a as_o any_o part_n of_o france_n and_o i_o be_o certain_a that_o holland_n friezeland_n zealand_n flaunders_n and_o lombardy_n which_o rely_v altogether_o on_o pasture_n be_v the_o most_o populous_a place_n in_o europe_n but_o some_o will_v object_v and_o say_v that_o a_o shepherd_n and_o a_o dog_n former_o have_v destroy_v divers_a village_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o we_o well_o know_v what_o a_o shepherd_n and_o a_o dog_n can_v do_v viz._n look_v to_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o sheep_n at_o the_o most_o and_o that_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o acre_n will_v maintain_v they_o or_o the_o land_n be_v extreme_o barren_a and_o that_o these_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o acre_n be_v barren_a will_v scarce_o maintain_v a_o plough_n which_o be_v but_o one_o man_n and_o two_o boy_n with_o the_o horse_n and_o that_o the_o mow_v reap_v and_o thresh_v of_o this_o corn_n and_o other_o work_n about_o will_v scarce_o maintain_v three_o more_o with_o work_n through_o the_o whole_a year_n but_o how_o many_o people_n may_v be_v employ_v by_o the_o wool_n of_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o sheep_n in_o pick_v sort_v card_v spin_v weave_a die_a full_a knit_v i_o leave_v to_o other_o to_o calculate_v and_o further_o if_o the_o pasture_n be_v rich_a meadow_n and_o go_v on_o dair_v i_o suppose_v all_o know_v that_o 100_o acre_n of_o such_o land_n employ_v more_o hand_n than_o 100_o acre_n of_o the_o best_a corne-land_n in_o england_n and_o produce_v likewise_o better_a exportable_a commodity_n and_o further_o if_o i_o shall_v grant_v that_o former_o the_o shepherd_n and_o his_o dog_n do_v depopulate_v yet_o i_o will_v deny_v that_o it_o do_v so_o now_o for_o former_o we_o be_v so_o unwise_a as_o to_o send_v over_o our_o wool_n to_o antwerp_n and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o be_v manufacture_v by_o which_o mean_v one_o pound_n oft_o bring_v 10_o unwrought_a to_o they_o but_o we_o set_v now_o our_o own_o poor_a to_o work_v and_o so_o save_v the_o depopulation_n yet_o i_o say_v it_o be_v convenient_a to_o encourage_v the_o plough_n because_o that_o we_o can_v have_v a_o certainty_n of_o corn_n and_o carriage_n be_v dear_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n especial_o into_o the_o inland-countreys_n and_o our_o commodity_n by_o wool_n do_v cloy_v the_o merchant_n 5_o rushy-land_n blithe_n tell_v we_o good_a remedy_n for_o these_o inconvenience_n viz._n make_v deep_a trench_n oft_o mowing_n chalk_v liming_n dung_v and_o plough_v i_o know_v where_o hungry_a guest_n horse_n soon_o make_v a_o end_n of_o they_o 6_o furze_n broom_n heath_n these_o can_v hardly_o be_v so_o destroy_v but_o at_o length_n they_o will_v up_o again_o for_o god_n have_v give_v a_o
will_v brief_o tell_v what_o i_o have_v see_v in_o italy_n through_o all_o lombardy_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a and_o champion_n their_o vine_n grow_v in_o their_o hedge_n on_o walnut-tree_n for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o which_o field_n they_o speak_v of_o three_o harvest_n yearly_a viz._n 1_o winter-corn_n which_o be_v reap_v in_o june_n etc._n etc._n 2_o vine_n and_o walnut_n which_o be_v gather_v in_o september_n 3_o their_o summer-graine_n as_o millet_n panicle_n chiche_n vetch_n etc._n etc._n buck-wheat_n frumentone_n or_o that_o which_o we_o call_v virginia-wheat_n turnip_n which_o they_o sow_v in_o july_n when_o their_o winter-corne_n be_v cut_v and_o reap_v they_o reap_v in_o october_n in_o france_n their_o vine_n grow_v thâ—â—e_a manner_n of_o way_n in_o provence_n they_o cut_v the_o vine_n about_o two_o foot_n high_a and_o make_v it_o strong_a and_o stub_a like_a as_o we_o do_v our_o osier_n which_o stock_n bear_v up_o the_o branch_n without_o a_o prop._n 2_o about_o orleans_n and_o where_o they_o be_v more_o curious_a they_o make_v frame_n for_o they_o to_o run_v along_o 3_o about_o paris_n they_o tie_v they_o to_o short_a pole_n as_o we_o do_v hop_n in_o france_n they_o usual_o make_v trench_n or_o small_a ditch_n about_o three_o or_o four_o foot_n from_o one_o another_o and_o therein_o plant_v their_o vine_n about_o one_o and_o a_o half_a deep_a which_o be_v a_o good_a way_n and_o very_o much_o to_o be_v commend_v but_o if_o we_o here_o in_o england_n plant_v vine_n as_o we_o do_v hop_n it_o will_v do_v very_o well_o but_o let_v they_o not_o be_v pack_v together_o too_o thick_a as_o they_o do_v in_o france_n in_o many_o place_n lest_o they_o too_o much_o shade_v the_o ground_n and_o one_o another_o in_o italy_n when_o they_o tread_v their_o grape_n with_o their_o foot_n in_o a_o cart_n they_o pour_v the_o juice_n into_o a_o great_a vessel_n or_o fat_a and_o put_v to_o it_o all_o their_o husk_n and_o stone_n which_o they_o call_v grasp_v and_o let_v they_o ferment_n or_o as_o we_o say_v work_v together_o 12_o or_o 14_o day_n and_o usual_o they_o put_v one_o three_o of_o water_n to_o it_o this_o make_v a_o wine_n less_o furious_a garbo_n or_o rough_a and_o therefore_o a_o good_a stomach_n wine_n but_o it_o spoil_v the_o colour_n and_o take_v away_o the_o pleasant_a brisk_a taste_n in_o france_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v press_v out_o their_o liquor_n with_o their_o foot_n they_o put_v it_o in_o hogshead_n and_o after_o in_o their_o press_n squeeze_v out_o what_o they_o can_v out_o of_o the_o grasp_n which_o serve_v to_o fill_v up_o their_o hogshead_n while_o they_o work_v which_o be_v usual_o three_o or_o four_o day_n and_o then_o stop_v they_o close_o this_o be_v also_o the_o way_n use_v in_o germany_n and_o be_v the_o best_a for_o it_o make_v a_o fine_a gentile_a wine_n with_o a_o curious_a colour_n in_o germany_n when_o their_o grape_n be_v green_a they_o make_v fire_n in_o their_o sellar_n in_o stove_n by_o the_o which_o mean_n their_o wine_n work_v extraordinary_o and_o do_v digest_v themselves_o the_o better_a this_o course_n we_o must_v also_o take_v here_o in_o england_n some_o year_n for_o it_o help_v the_o rawness_n of_o all_o liquor_n very_o much_o there_o be_v a_o ingenious_a dutchman_n who_o have_v a_o secret_a which_o as_o yet_o he_o will_v not_o reveal_v how_o to_o help_v maturation_n by_o a_o compost_n apply_v to_o the_o root_n the_o compost_n which_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o before_o make_v of_o brimstone_n pigeons-dung_n be_v very_o excellent_a for_o that_o purpose_n glâ—uber_n as_o also_o lees_n of_o wine_n blood_n lime_n use_v with_o moderation_n he_o also_o know_v how_o to_o make_v sour_a grape_n produce_v good_a wine_n i_o suppose_v his_o way_n to_o be_v this_o all_o juice_n of_o grape_n new_o express_v be_v sweet_a and_o which_o may_v by_o itself_o alone_o be_v make_v into_o a_o sweet_a syrup_n which_o the_o french_a call_n racineè_n further_o in_o the_o evaporation_n of_o liquor_n which_o have_v not_o ferment_v or_o wrought_v the_o watery_a part_n go_v away_o first_o 3_o fermentation_n give_v a_o vinous_a taste_n and_o make_v a_o liquor_n full_a of_o spirit_n you_o may_v then_o easy_o guess_v at_o the_o way_n and_o perhaps_o he_o may_v add_v also_o some_o sugar_n and_o spice_n as_o the_o vintner_n do_v when_o they_o make_v hippocras_n i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v make_v excellent_a wine_n of_o raisin_n well_o boil_v in_o water_n and_o afterward_o ferment_v by_o itself_o or_o with_o barm_n it_o be_v call_v usual_o medea_n i_o likewise_o know_v that_o all_o sweet_a and_o fatty_a juice_n will_v make_v fine_a vinous_a liquor_n as_o damsin_n if_o they_o be_v wrought_v or_o ferment_v ingenious_o but_o whosoever_o go_v about_o such_o experiment_n let_v he_o not_o think_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v good_a enough_o for_o these_o purpose_n but_o let_v he_o use_v the_o best_a he_o can_v get_v for_o of_o naughty_a corrupt_a thing_n who_o can_v expect_v that_o which_o be_v excellent_a and_o delicate_a flax._n the_o deficiency_n of_o we_o in_o this_o kind_n be_v so_o obvious_a that_o all_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v next_o the_o neglect_n of_o fish_v the_o great_a shame_n to_o this_o narion_n for_o all_o know_v that_o we_o have_v as_o good_a land_n for_o these_o seed_n as_o any_o can_v be_v find_v in_o europe_n and_o that_o the_o sow_v of_o they_o require_v neither_o more_o labour_n cost_n or_o skill_n than_o other_o seed_n and_o further_o that_o the_o material_n make_v from_o these_o be_v extreme_o necessary_a for_o how_o miserable_a shall_v we_o be_v without_o linen_n canvas_n cordage_n net_n how_o can_v we_o put_v our_o ship_n to_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o bulwark_n of_o this_o isle_n and_o yet_o we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o have_v these_o commodity_n from_o those_o who_o will_v destroy_v i_o will_v not_o say_v the_o nation_n but_o i_o may_v bold_o say_v our_o ship_n and_o trade_n i_o hope_v that_o this_o will_v more_o serious_o be_v consider_v by_o those_o at_o the_o helm_n of_o our_o state_n i_o will_v free_o and_o plain_o relate_v how_o this_o deficiency_n may_v easy_o be_v remedy_v according_a to_o my_o judgement_n 1_o to_o compel_v by_o a_o law_n that_o all_o farmer_n who_o plough_n and_o sow_v 50_o or_o 100_o acre_n of_o land_n shall_v sow_v half_o a_o acre_n or_o a_o acre_n of_o hemp_n or_o flax_n or_o to_o pay_v 5_o s_o or_o 10_o s_o to_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o parish_n where_o they_o live_v or_o some_o law_n to_o this_o purpose_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o have_v land_n fit_a for_o one_o of_o these_o hemp_n desire_v a_o stiff_a land_n flax_n that_o which_o be_v light_n for_o there_o be_v so_o much_o irrationality_n in_o some_o profession_n that_o they_o must_v be_v force_v even_o like_a brut_v to_o understand_v their_o own_o good_a in_o king_n edward_n the_o 6_o day_n something_o be_v enact_v to_o this_o purpose_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v in_o henry_n the_o eight_o day_n there_o be_v a_o law_n enact_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v sow_v his_o land_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v enclose_v his_o land_n lest_o he_o shall_v turn_v it_o to_o pasture_n for_o we_o have_v have_v great_a dearth_n in_o england_n through_o the_o neglect_n of_o tillage_n which_o law_n even_o as_o yet_o stand_v in_o force_n yet_o there_o be_v nor_o need_v there_o be_v any_o force_n to_o compel_v man_n to_o till_o and_o sow_v their_o land_n for_o they_o have_v at_o length_n find_v the_o sweetness_n and_o willing_o go_v about_o it_o for_o their_o own_o profit_n sake_n and_o now_o we_o suppose_v and_o not_o without_o cause_n that_o enclose_v be_v a_o improvement_n and_o so_o concern_v hemp_n and_o flax_n i_o say_v if_o they_o be_v once_o accustom_v to_o sow_v they_o they_o will_v never_o leave_v it_o as_o i_o see_v farmer_n do_v in_o east-kent_n scarce_o a_o man_n but_o he_o will_v have_v a_o considerable_a plot_n of_o ground_n for_o hemp_n and_o about_o london_n far_o great_a quantity_n of_o flax_n be_v sow_v then_o former_o 2_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o every_o parish_n through_o the_o nation_n shall_v have_v a_o stock_n to_o set_v their_o poor_a to_o work_v that_o the_o young_a child_n and_o woman_n may_v not_o run_v up_o and_o down_o idle_a and_o beg_v or_o steal_v as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o country_n of_o apple_n pease_n wood_n hedges_n and_o so_o by_o little_a and_o little_a be_v train_v up_o for_o the_o gallow_n 3_o that_o a_o severe_a law_n shall_v be_v enact_v against_o those_o who_o run_v up_o and_o down_o and_o will_v not_o work_v for_o if_o all_o know_v that_o they_o may_v have_v work_n at_o home_n and_o earn_v more_o
in_o essex_n the_o scour_n of_o their_o ditch_n they_o call_v marl_n because_o it_o look_v blue_a like_o it_o it_o help_v their_o land_n well_o 5_o snaggreet_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o earth_n take_v out_o of_o the_o river_n full_a of_o small_a shell_n it_o help_v the_o barren_a land_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o surrey_n i_o believe_v it_o be_v find_v in_o all_o river_n it_o be_v well_o if_o in_o other_o part_n of_o england_n they_o do_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o 6_o owse_n out_o of_o marsh_n ditch_n have_v be_v find_v very_o good_a for_o white_a chalky_a land_n as_o also_o sea-mud_n and_o sea-owse_a be_v use_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o kent_n and_o sussex_n 7_o seaweed_n 8_o mr._n carew_n in_o his_o survey_n of_o cornwall_n relate_v that_o they_o use_v a_o fat_a sea-sand_n which_o they_o carry_v up_o many_o mile_n in_o sack_n and_o by_o this_o they_o have_v very_o much_o improve_v their_o barren_a land_n it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o try_v all_o manner_n of_o sea-sand_n for_o i_o suppose_v that_o in_o other_o place_n they_o have_v a_o like_a fertilize_a fatness_n 9_o fold_v of_o sheep_n especial_o after_o the_o flaunders_n manner_n viz._n under_o a_o covert_n in_o which_o earth_n be_v strew_v about_o 6_o inch_n thick_a on_o which_o they_o set_v divers_a night_n then_o more_o earth_n must_v be_v bring_v and_o strew_v 6_o inch_n thick_a and_o the_o sheep_n fold_v on_o it_o and_o thus_o they_o do_v continual_o winter_n and_o summer_n i_o suppose_v a_o shepherd_n with_o one_o horse_n will_v do_v it_o at_o his_o spare_a hour_n and_o indeed_o soon_o than_o remove_v his_o fold_n and_o this_o fold_n be_v to_o be_v continue_v especial_o in_o winter_n and_o do_v the_o sheep_n good_a because_o they_o lie_v warm_a and_o dry_a and_o true_o if_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v make_v our_o sheep_n to_o enrich_v all_o the_o barren_a dry_a land_n of_o england_n 10_o ash_n of_o any_o kind_n seacoale-ash_n with_o horsedung_n the_o gardiner_n of_o london_n much_o commend_v for_o divers_a use_n it_o be_v great_a pity_n that_o so_o many_o thousand_o load_n be_v throw_v into_o waste_v place_n and_o do_v no_o good_a 11_o soot_n be_v also_o very_o good_a be_v sprinkle_v on_o ground_n but_o it_o be_v too_o dear_a if_o it_o be_v of_o wood_n for_o it_o be_v worth_a 16_o d_o or_o 2_o s_o a_o bushel_n 12_o pigeon_n or_o hens-dung_n be_v incomparable_a one_o load_n be_v worth_a 10_o load_n of_o other_o dung_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v usual_o sow_v on_o wheat_n that_o lie_v afar_o off_o and_o not_o easy_a to_o be_v help_v it_o be_v extraordinary_a likewise_o on_o a_o hop-garden_n 13_o male-dust_n be_v exceed_o good_a in_o corn-land_n blood_n for_o tree_n also_o shave_n of_o horn_n 14_o some_o commend_v very_o much_o the_o sweep_a of_o a_o ship_n of_o salt_n or_o drossey_a salt_n and_o brine_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a because_o it_o kill_v the_o worm_n and_o all_o fertility_n proceed_v from_o salt_n 15_o i_o have_v see_v in_o france_n poor_a man_n cut_v up_o heath_n and_o the_o turf_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o lay_v they_o on_o a_o heap_n to_o make_v mould_n for_o their_o barren_a land_n brake_n lay_v in_o a_o moist_a place_n and_o rot_v be_v use_v much_o for_o hop-ground_n and_o general_o all_o thing_n that_o will_v rot_v if_o they_o be_v stone_n will_v make_v dung_n 16_o in_o new-england_n they_o fish_v their_o ground_n which_o be_v do_v thus_o in_o the_o spring_n about_o april_n there_o come_v up_o a_o fish_n to_o the_o fresh_a river_n call_v a_o alewife_n because_o of_o its_o great_a belly_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o shade_n full_a of_o bone_n these_o be_v catch_v in_o wiers_fw-mi and_o sell_v very_o cheap_a to_o the_o planter_n who_o usual_o put_v one_o or_o two_o cut_n in_o piece_n into_o the_o hill_n where_o their_o corn_n be_v plant_v call_v virginia-wheate_n for_o they_o plant_v it_o in_o hill_n 5_o grain_n in_o a_o hill_n almost_o as_o we_o plant_v hop_n in_o may_n or_o june_n for_o it_o will_v not_o endure_v frost_n and_o at_o that_o distance_n it_o cause_v fertility_n extraordinary_a for_o two_o year_n especial_o the_o first_o for_o they_o have_v have_v 50_o or_o 60_o bushel_n on_o a_o acre_n and_o yet_o plough_v not_o their_o land_n and_o in_o the_o same_o hill_n do_v plant_v the_o same_o corn_n for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o have_v good_a crop_n beside_o abundance_n of_o pompion_n and_o french_a or_o kidney_n bean_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o new_a england_n where_o the_o fisherman_n live_v they_o usual_o fish_v their_o ground_n with_o codshead_n which_o if_o they_o be_v in_o england_n will_v be_v better_o employ_v i_o suppose_v that_o when_o sprat_n be_v cheap_a man_n may_v mend_v their_o hop-ground_n with_o they_o and_o it_o will_v quit_v cost_v but_o the_o dog_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o scrape_v they_o up_o as_o they_o do_v in_o new-england_n unless_o one_o of_o their_o leg_n be_v tie_v up_o 17_o urine_n in_o holland_n they_o as_o careful_o preserve_v the_o cow_n urine_n as_o the_o dung_n to_o enrich_v their_o land_n old_a urine_n be_v excellent_a for_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n columella_n in_o his_o book_n of_o husbandry_n say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o ill_a husband_n that_o do_v not_o make_v 10_o load_n of_o dung_n for_o every_o great_a beast_n in_o his_o yard_n and_o as_o much_o for_o every_o one_o in_o the_o house_n and_o one_o load_n for_o small_a beast_n as_o hog_n this_o be_v strange_a husbandry_n to_o we_o and_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v many_o ill_a husband_n by_o this_o account_n i_o know_v a_o woman_n who_o live_v 5_o mile_n south_n of_o canterbury_n who_o save_v in_o a_o pail_n all_o the_o dropping_n of_o the_o house_n i_o mean_v the_o urine_n and_o when_o the_o pail_n be_v full_a sprinkle_v it_o on_o her_o meadow_n which_o cause_v the_o grass_n at_o first_o to_o look_v yellow_a but_o after_o a_o little_a time_n it_o grow_n wonderful_o that_o many_o of_o her_o neighbour_n wonder_v at_o it_o and_o be_v like_a to_o accuse_v she_o of_o witchcraft_n 18_o woollen_a rag_n which_o hartford-shire-man_n use_v much_o and_o oxford-shire_n and_o many_o other_o place_n they_o do_v very_o well_o in_o thin_a chalky_a land_n in_o kent_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n it_o be_v a_o fault_n in_o many_o place_n that_o they_o neglect_v these_o as_o also_o linen_n rag_n or_o ropes-end_n of_o the_o which_o white_a and_o brown_a paper_n be_v make_v for_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o we_o have_v not_o linnen-ragg_n enough_o for_o paper_n as_o other_o nation_n have_v but_o must_v have_v it_o from_o italy_n france_n and_o holland_n 19_o denshyring_n so_o call_v in_o kent_n cambden_n where_o i_o only_o have_v see_v it_o use_v though_o by_o the_o word_n it_o shall_v come_v from_o denbighshire_n be_v the_o cut_n up_o of_o all_o the_o turf_n of_o a_o meadow_n with_o a_o instrument_n sharp_a on_o both_o side_n which_o a_o man_n with_o violence_n thrust_v before_o he_o and_o then_o lie_v the_o turf_n on_o heap_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a they_o burn_v it_o and_o spread_v it_o on_o the_o ground_n the_o charge_n be_v usual_o four_o nobles_n which_o the_o goodness_n of_o a_o crop_n or_o two_o repay_v 20_o mixture_n of_o land_n columella_n a_o old_a writer_n say_v that_o his_o grandfather_n use_v to_o carry_v sand_n on_o clay_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o bring_v clay_n on_o sandy_a ground_n and_o with_o good_a success_n the_o lord_n bacon_n think_v much_o good_a may_v be_v do_v thereby_o for_o if_o chalk_n be_v good_a for_o loamy_a land_n history_n why_o shall_v not_o loam_n be_v good_a for_o chalky_a bank_n 21_o i_o may_v add_v enclosure_n as_o a_o improvement_n of_o land_n not_o only_o because_o that_o man_n when_o their_o ground_n be_v enclose_v may_v employ_v they_o as_o they_o please_v but_o because_o it_o give_v warmth_n and_o consequent_o fertiliey_v there_o be_v one_o in_o london_n who_o promise_v to_o mend_v land_n much_o by_o warmth_n only_o and_o we_o see_v that_o if_o some_o few_o stick_n lie_v together_o and_o give_v a_o place_n warmth_n how_o speedy_o that_o grass_n will_v grow_v 22_o steep_v of_o grain_n the_o ancient_n use_v to_o steep_a bean_n in_o salt-water_n and_o in_o kent_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o steep_a barley_n when_o they_o sow_v late_o that_o it_o may_v grow_v the_o fast_o and_o also_o to_o take_v away_o the_o soil_n for_o wild_a oat_n cockle_n and_o all_o save_o drake_n will_v swim_v as_o also_o much_o of_o the_o light_a corn_n which_o to_o take_v away_o be_v very_o good_a if_o you_o put_v pigeons-dung_n into_o the_o water_n and_o let_v it_o steep_v all_o night_n it_o may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v half_o a_o
dung_v take_v heed_n of_o steep_v pease_n too_o long_o for_o i_o have_v see_v they_o sprout_v in_o three_o or_o four_o hour_n 23_o be_v the_o sow_v of_o course_n and_o cheap_a grain_n and_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o plough_v they_o in_o for_o this_o purpose_n the_o ancient_n do_v use_v lupin_n a_o plant_n well_o know_v to_o our_o gardiner_n and_o in_o kent_n sometime_o tare_n be_v sow_v which_o when_o the_o cattle_n have_v eat_v a_o little_a of_o the_o top_n they_o turn_v they_o in_o with_o very_o good_a improvement_n for_o their_o ground_n meadow_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o we_o have_v good_a husband_n who_o dung_n and_o marl_n their_o meadow_n and_o pasture-land_n and_o throw_v down_o all_o mole_n and_o ant-hil_n and_o with_o the_o their_o spud-staffe_n cut_v up_o all_o thistle_n and_o weed_n and_o that_o they_o likewise_o straw_n ash_n on_o their_o ground_n to_o kill_v the_o moss_n and_o salt_n for_o the_o worm_n and_o they_o do_v very_o well_o but_o yet_o there_o be_v many_o who_o be_v negligent_a in_o these_o particular_n for_o the_o which_o they_o be_v blame-worthy_a but_o the_o deficiency_n of_o which_o i_o intend_v to_o speak_v of_o be_v these_o follow_v cato_n one_o of_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o roman_n sai_z that_o pratum_fw-la est_fw-la quasi_fw-la paratum_fw-la always_o ready_a and_o prepare_v and_o prefer_v meadow_n before_o the_o olive-garden_n although_o the_o spaniard_n bequeath_v olive-tree_n to_o their_o child_n as_o we_o do_v cottage_n or_o vine_n or_o corn_n because_o meadow_n bring_v in_o a_o certain_a profit_n without_o labour_n and_o pain_n but_o the_o other_o require_v much_o cost_n and_o pain_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o frost_n mildew_n haile_o locust_n to_o the_o which_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o meadow_n i_o may_v add_v that_o the_o stock_n of_o meadow_n be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o the_o commodity_n which_o arise_v from_o they_o be_v divers_a and_o of_o great_a value_n than_o corn_n as_o butter_n cheese_n tallow_n hides_n beef_n wool_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v conclude_v that_o england_n abound_v in_o pasture_n more_o than_o other_o country_n be_v therefore_o rich_a and_o i_o know_v what_o other_o think_v i_o care_v not_o that_o in_o france_n acre_n for_o acre_n be_v not_o comparable_a to_o it_o fortescue_n chancellor_n of_o england_n say_v that_o we_o get_v more_o in_o england_n by_o stand_v still_o than_o the_o french_a by_o work_v but_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o deficiency_n among_o we_o 1_o we_o be_v to_o blame_v that_o we_o have_v neglect_v the_o great_a clovergrasse_n saint_n foin_n lucerne_n 2_o that_o we_o do_v not_o float_v our_o land_n as_o they_o do_v in_o lombary_n where_o they_o mow_v their_o land_n three_o or_o four_o time_n yearly_a which_o consist_v of_o the_o great_a clovergrasse_n here_o be_v the_o excellent_a parmisane_n cheese_n make_v and_o indeed_o these_o pasture_n far_o exceed_v any_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n yea_o in_o europe_n we_o here_o in_o england_n have_v great_a opportunity_n by_o brook_n and_o river_n in_o all_o place_n to_o do_v so_o but_o we_o be_v negligent_a yet_o we_o may_v hereby_o double_v if_o not_o treble_v our_o profit_n kill_v all_o rush_n etc._n etc._n but_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o manner_n how_o to_o do_v this_o and_o that_o profit_n that_o will_v arise_v thereby_o let_v he_o read_v mr._n blithe_n book_n of_o husbandry_n late_o print_v 3_o that_o when_o we_o lie_v down_o land_n for_o meadow_n or_o pasture_n we_o do_v not_o sow_v they_o with_o the_o seed_n of_o fine_a sweet_a grass_n trefoil_n and_o other_o excellent_a herb_n concern_v this_o you_o may_v read_v a_o large_a treatise_n of_o the_o countrey-farmer_n for_o if_o the_o land_n be_v rich_a it_o will_v put_v forth_o weed_n and_o trumpery_n and_o perhaps_o a_o kind_n of_o sour_a grass_n little_a worth_n if_o it_o be_v poor_a you_o shall_v have_v thistle_n may-weed_n and_o little_a or_o no_o grass_n for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o at_o my_o entreaty_n sow_v with_o his_o oat_n the_o bottom_n of_o his_o haymowe_a and_o though_o his_o land_n be_v wear_v out_o of_o heart_n and_o natural_o poor_a yet_o he_o have_v that_o year_n not_o only_o a_o crop_n of_o oat_n but_o he_o may_v if_o it_o have_v please_v he_o have_v mow_v his_o grass_n also_o but_o he_o spare_v it_o which_o be_v well_o do_v till_o the_o next_o year_n that_o it_o may_v make_v a_o turf_n and_o grow_v strong_a by_o this_o husbandry_n land_n may_v be_v well_o improve_v especial_o if_o man_n do_v consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o grass_n which_o be_v 90_o sort_n and_o 23_o of_o trefoil_n i_o know_v a_o place_n in_o kent_n which_o be_v a_o white_a chalky_a down_o which_o ground_n be_v sometime_o sow_v with_o corn_n a_o year_n or_o two_o and_o then_o it_o rest_v as_o long_o or_o long_o when_o it_o be_v lay_v down_o it_o maintain_v many_o great_a sheep_n and_o very_o lusty_a so_o that_o they_o be_v even_o fit_a for_o the_o butcher_n and_o yet_o there_o do_v scarce_o appear_v any_o thing_n that_o they_o can_v eat_v which_o have_v cause_v divers_a to_o wonder_v as_o if_o they_o have_v live_v on_o chalke-stone_n but_o i_o more_o serious_o consider_v the_o matter_n thorough_o view_v the_o ground_n and_o perceive_v that_o the_o ground_n natural_o produce_v a_o small_a trefoil_n which_o it_o seem_v be_v very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a it_o be_v common_o call_v trifolium_fw-la luteum_fw-la or_o lupilinum_n that_o be_v yellow_a or_o hop-trefoile_n and_o i_o be_o persuade_v if_o that_o the_o seed_n of_o this_o trefoil_n be_v preserve_v and_o sow_v with_o date_n when_o they_o intend_v to_o lay_v it_o down_o it_o will_v very_o much_o advance_v the_o pasture_n of_o that_o place_n therefore_o i_o desire_v all_o ingenious_a man_n serious_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o trefoil_n which_o be_v the_o sweet_a of_o grass_n and_o to_o observe_v on_o what_o ground_n they_o natural_o grow_v and_o aso_n the_o nature_n of_o other_o grass_n which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 90_o sort_n natural_o grow_v in_o this_o isle_n some_o on_o watery_a place_n some_o on_o dry_a some_o on_o clay_n other_o on_o sand_n chalk_n &c_n &c_n some_o on_o fruitful_a place_n other_o in_o barren_a by_o the_o which_o mean_n i_o suppose_v a_o solid_a foundation_n may_v be_v lay_v for_o the_o advance_v the_o paesture-land_n of_o all_o sort_n through_o this_o island_n for_o i_o know_v some_o plant_n as_o the_o orchis_n call_v bee-flower_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v thrive_v better_o on_o the_o chalky_a barren_a bank_n than_o in_o any_o garden_n though_o the_o mould_n be_v never_o so_o rich_a and_o delicate_a and_o the_o gardener_n very_o diligent_a in_o cherish_v of_o it_o and_o why_o may_v not_o the_o same_o propriety_n be_v in_o grass_n for_o we_o see_v diverse_a benty_n grass_n to_o thrive_v especial_o on_o barren_a place_n where_o scarce_o any_o thing_n else_o will_v grow_v i_o must_v again_o and_o again_o 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the_o complete_a husbandman_n or_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o husbandry_n both_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a wherein_o many_o rare_a and_o most_o hide_a secret_n and_o experiment_n be_v lay_v open_a to_o the_o view_n of_o all_o for_o the_o enrich_n of_o these_o nation_n unto_o which_o be_v add_v a_o particular_a discourse_n of_o the_o natural_a history_n and_o hubandry_n of_o ireland_n by_o samuel_n hartlib_n esq_n london_n print_v and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o edward_n brewster_n at_o the_o crane_n in_o paul_n churchyard_n 1659._o to_o the_o reader_n courteaus_a reader_n the_o discourse_n which_o i_o do_v former_o publish_v concern_v the_o brabant-husbandry_n be_v somewhat_o imperfect_a nor_o be_v the_o author_n thereof_o then_o know_v unto_o i_o but_o since_o i_o have_v learn_v who_o the_o author_n be_v i_o have_v also_o light_v upon_o a_o more_o perfect_a copy_n which_o i_o intend_v to_o offer_v to_o the_o public_a in_o a_o second_o edition_n that_o such_o as_o 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public_a and_o universal_a interest_n as_o subordinate_a to_o high_a thing_n and_o which_o though_o less_o visible_a and_o sensible_a be_v more_o permanent_a and_o to_o true_o rational_a and_o spiritual_a husbandman_n as_o perceptible_a shall_v be_v the_o uncessant_a prayer_n and_o endeavour_n of_o thy_o faithful_a servant_n samuel_n hartlib_n sir_n richard_n weston_n late_o of_o sutton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o surrey_n his_o legacy_n to_o his_o son_n etc._n etc._n anno_fw-la dom._n 1645._o my_o son_n i_o have_v leave_v this_o short_a ensue_a treatise_n to_o you_o as_o a_o legacy_n if_o i_o shall_v not_o live_v myself_o to_o show_v you_o what_o therein_o be_v write_v by_o example_n which_o i_o know_v instruct_v far_o more_o than_o precept_n yet_o precept_n from_o a_o die_a father_n instruct_v of_o his_o child_n what_o he_o have_v see_v and_o know_v and_o receive_v information_n of_o from_o witness_n free_a from_o all_o exception_n shall_v make_v such_o a_o impression_n on_o they_o 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course_n of_o thing_n you_o will_v find_v that_o husbandry_n be_v the_o end_n which_o man_n of_o all_o estate_n in_o the_o world_n do_v point_n at_o for_o to_o what_o purpose_n do_v soldier_n scholar_n lawyer_n merchant_n and_o man_n of_o all_o occupation_n and_o trade_n toil_n and_o labour_n with_o great_a affection_n but_o to_o get_v money_n and_o with_o that_o money_n when_o they_o have_v get_v it_o but_o to_o purchase_v land_n and_o to_o what_o end_n do_v they_o buy_v that_o land_n but_o to_o receive_v the_o fruit_n of_o it_o to_o live_v and_o how_o shall_v one_o receive_v the_o fruit_n of_o it_o but_o by_o his_o own_o husbandry_n or_o a_o farmer_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o degree_n that_o what_o course_n soever_o a_o man_n take_v in_o this_o world_n at_o last_o he_o come_v to_o husbandry_n which_o be_v the_o most_o common_a occupation_n among_o man_n the_o most_o natural_a and_o holy_a be_v command_v by_o the_o mouth_n of_o god_n to_o our_o first_o father_n there_o be_v 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most_o necessary_a yet_o contemn_v instrument_n and_o for_o every_o part_n thereof_o for_o without_o question_n there_o be_v as_o exact_v rule_n to_o be_v lay_v down_o for_o this_o as_o for_o ship_n and_o other_o thing_n and_o yet_o in_o ship_n how_o have_v we_o within_o these_o 6_o year_n outstripped_n ourselves_o and_o go_v beyond_o all_o nation_n for_o which_o art_n some_o deserve_v eternal_a honour_n and_o why_o may_v we_o not_o in_o this_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o now_o be_v beyond_o sea_n where_o he_o excel_v even_o the_o hollander_n in_o their_o own_o business_n of_o drain_n who_o promise_v much_o in_o this_o kind_n and_o i_o think_v he_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v it_o i_o can_v wish_v he_o be_v call_v on_o to_o make_v good_a his_o promise_n in_o china_n it_o be_v ordinary_a to_o have_v wagon_n to_o pass_v up_o and_o down_o without_o horse_n or_o ox_n with_o sail_n as_o ship_n do_v and_o late_o in_o holland_n a_o waggon_n be_v frame_v which_o with_o ordinary_a sail_n 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and_o after_o in_o the_o spring_n for_o less_o money_n run_v it_o over_o with_o a_o how_o and_o cut_v up_o all_o the_o weed_n and_o raise_v the_o mould_n which_o charge_n be_v not_o great_a and_o you_o shall_v save_v above_o a_o bushel_n of_o seed_n which_o in_o dear_a year_n be_v more_o worth_a than_o all_o your_o charge_n further_a 1_o s_o 6_o d_o a_o acre_n for_o the_o sow_a and_o harrow_n of_o a_o acre_n in_o kent_n be_v account_v a_o reasonable_a price_n but_o if_o any_o fear_v charge_n let_v he_o use_v a_o drill-plough_n i_o therefore_o can_v but_o commend_v the_o how_n in_o of_o wheat_n as_o a_o excellent_a piece_n of_o good_a husbandry_n whether_o the_o ground_n be_v dig_v or_o plough_v not_o only_o because_o it_o save_v much_o corn_n employ_v much_o people_n and_o it_o be_v not_o chargeable_a but_o it_o also_o destroy_v all_o weed_n fit_v ground_n for_o after-crop_n and_o cause_v a_o great_a increase_n and_o in_o my_o apprehension_n be_v a_o good_a remedy_n against_o smut_n 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2_o or_o 3_o acre_n of_o land_n maintain_v themselves_o and_o family_n and_o employ_v other_o about_o their_o ground_n and_o therefore_o their_o ground_n must_v yield_v a_o wonderful_a increase_n or_o else_o it_o can_v not_o pay_v charge_n yet_o i_o suppose_v there_o be_v many_o deficiency_n in_o this_o call_n 1_o because_o it_o be_v but_o of_o few_o year_n stand_v in_o england_n and_o therefore_o not_o deep_o root_v about_o 50_o year_n ago_o about_o which_o time_n ingenuity_n first_o begin_v to_o flourish_v in_o england_n this_o art_n of_o garden_v begin_v to_o creep_v into_o england_n into_o sandwich_n and_o surrey_n fulham_n and_o other_o place_n some_o old_a man_n in_o surrey_n where_o it_o flourish_v very_o much_o at_o present_a report_n that_o they_o know_v the_o first_o gardiner_n that_o come_v into_o those_o part_n to_o plant_v cabbage_n colleflower_v and_o to_o sow_v turnip_n carrot_n and_o parsnip_n to_o sow_v raith_n or_o early_o ripe_a rape_n pease_n all_o which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v great_a rarity_n we_o have_v few_o or_o none_o in_o england_n but_o what_o come_v from_o holland_n and_o flaunders_n these_o gardiner_n with_o much_o ado_n procure_v a_o plot_n of_o good_a ground_n and_o give_v no_o less_o than_o 8_o pound_n per_fw-la acre_n yet_o the_o gentleman_n be_v not_o content_a fear_v they_o will_v spoil_v his_o ground_n because_o they_o do_v use_v to_o dig_v it_o so_o ignorant_a be_v we_o of_o garden_v in_o those_o day_n 2_o many_o part_n of_o england_n be_v as_o yet_o ignorant_a gravesend_n within_o these_o 20_o year_n a_o famous_a town_n within_o less_o than_o 20_o mile_n of_o london_n have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o mess_n of_o pease_n but_o what_o come_v from_o london_n where_o at_o present_a garden_v flourish_v much_o i_o can_v instance_n divers_a other_o places_z both_o in_o the_o north_n and_o west_n of_o england_n where_o the_o name_n of_o garden_v and_o how_v be_v scarce_o know_v in_o which_o place_n a_o few_o gardiner_n may_v 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that_o liquorish_a saffron_n cherry_n apple_n pear_n hopps_n cabbage_n of_o england_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n notwithstanding_o we_o as_o yet_o want_v many_o thing_n as_o for_o example_n we_o want_v onnion_n very_o many_o come_n to_o england_n from_o flaunders_n spain_n mad_a for_o die_v come_v from_o zurick-sea_n by_o zealand_n we_o have_v red_a rose_n from_o france_n anice-seed_n fennel-seed_n cumine_fw-la caraway_n rice_n from_o italy_n which_o without_o question_n will_v grow_v very_o well_o in_o divers_a moist_a land_n in_o england_n yea_o sweet_a marjorame_n barley_n and_o gromwell_n seed_n &_o virga_fw-la aureae_fw-la though_o they_o grow_v in_o our_o hedge_n in_o england_n last_o garden_v be_v deficient_a in_o this_o particular_a that_o we_o have_v not_o nursery_n sufficient_a in_o this_o land_n of_o apple_n pear_n cherry_n vine_n chestnut_n almond_n but_o gentleman_n be_v necessitate_v to_o send_v to_o london_n many_o hundred_o mile_n for_o they_o brief_o for_o the_o advancement_n of_o this_o ingenuous_a call_n i_o only_o desire_v that_o industrious_a gentleman_n will_v be_v please_v to_o encourage_v some_o expert_a workman_n into_o the_o place_n where_o they_o live_v and_o to_o let_v they_o land_n at_o a_o reasonable_a rate_n and_o if_o they_o be_v poor_a and_o honest_a to_o lend_v a_o little_a stock_n they_o will_v soon_o see_v the_o benefit_n that_o will_v redound_v not_o only_o to_o themselves_o but_o also_o to_o all_o their_o neighbour_n especial_o the_o poor_a who_o be_v not_o a_o little_a sustain_v by_o the_o gardiner_n labour_n and_o ingenuity_n mildew_n 4_o our_o husbandry_n be_v deficient_a in_o this_o that_o we_o know_v not_o how_o to_o remedy_v the_o infirmity_n of_o our_o grow_a corn_n especial_o smut_n and_o mildew_n to_o instance_n in_o these_o two_o only_a which_o oftentimes_o bring_v great_a calamity_n to_o these_o nation_n smut_n in_o wet_a year_n mildew_n in_o dry_a these_o distemper_n in_o corn_n be_v not_o only_o in_o our_o country_n helmont_n but_o also_o in_o other_o place_n a_o learned_a author_n say_v that_o smuttynesse_n of_o corn_n which_o make_v it_o smell_v like_o a_o red_a herring_n be_v not_o know_v in_o france_n till_o about_o 1530_o at_o which_o time_n the_o great_a foul_a disease_n begin_v to_o break_v forth_o which_o he_o conceive_v from_o hence_o to_o have_v some_o original_n as_o also_o the_o camp-disease_n mildew_n be_v very_o great_a in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n which_o oft_o stick_v to_o the_o scythe_n of_o those_o that_o mow_v grass_n &_o corn_n and_o god_n be_v thank_v we_o be_v not_o trouble_v with_o locust_n which_o be_v a_o great_a fly_a grasshopper_n nor_o palmer-worm_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o great_a black_a caterpillar_n nor_o with_o great_a hail_n in_o summer_n nor_o with_o great_a drought_n which_o stifle_v the_o ear_n in_o the_o stalk_n which_o calamity_n in_o hot_a country_n do_v very_o oft_o total_o destroy_v the_o honest_a and_o patient_a husbandman_n labour_n neither_o be_v we_o trouble_v with_o extreme_a cold_n which_o in_o new-england_n and_o other_o cold_a country_n do_v oft_o destroy_v the_o corne._n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n and_o first_o brief_o to_o show_v you_o my_o opinion_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o smuttynesse_n i_o desire_v not_o to_o fetch_v cause_n afar_o off_o and_o to_o tell_v you_o of_o the_o sad_a conjunction_n of_o mars_n and_o saturn_n for_o i_o think_v quae_fw-la suprae_fw-la nos_fw-la belong_v not_o to_o we_o when_o as_o we_o have_v enough_o at_o home_n this_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v many_o evident_a cause_n of_o this_o corruption_n of_o corn._n 1_o a_o moist_a season_n about_o kerning-time_n which_o moisture_n either_o corrupt_v the_o root_n of_o the_o plant_n or_o the_o nourishment_n of_o it_o or_o the_o seed_n in_o its_o embryo_n or_o perhaps_o in_o some_o measure_n all_o these_o 2_o low_a moist_a foggy_a ground_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o mention_v 3_o dung_v land_n in_o vineyard_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o dung_n cause_v more_o increase_n in_o quantity_n but_o less_o in_o goodness_n so_o that_o the_o ill-tast_a of_o the_o dung_n may_v easy_o be_v discern_v because_o wine_n have_v a_o high_a taste_n without_o question_n the_o same_o happen_v to_o other_o plant_n although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o discern_v for_o the_o ferment_n or_o ill_a odour_n of_o the_o dung_n can_v be_v overmastered_n by_o the_o plant_n as_o we_o see_v also_o in_o animal_n that_o corrupt_a diet_n cause_v unsavoury_a taste_n in_o the_o flesh_n so_o hog_n in_o newfoundland_n where_o they_o be_v nourish_v by_o fish_n may_v by_o their_o taste_n be_v call_v rather_o sea-porpusses_a than_o land-swine_n 4_o the_o sow_a of_o smutty_a corn_n oft_o produce_v smuttynesse_n the_o son_n like_o unto_o the_o father_n i_o account_v smutty_n corn_n a_o imperfect_a or_o sick_a grain_n and_o suppose_v that_o by_o a_o microscope_n the_o imperfection_n may_v be_v discern_v last_o the_o sow_a of_o the_o same_o seed_n oft_o on_o the_o same_o field_n cause_v smuttynesse_n because_o that_o nitrous_a jewce_n which_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o grain_n have_v be_v exha_v in_o the_o precedent_a year_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v excellent_a husbandry_n every_o year_n to_o change_v the_o species_n of_o grain_n and_o also_o to_o buy_v your_o seed-corn_n from_o place_n far_o distant_a i_o be_o inform_v of_o a_o gentleman_n who_o do_v sow_v some_o wheat_n which_o come_v from_o spain_n where_o the_o grain_n be_v usual_o very_o hard_a and_o flinty_a and_o as_o it_o be_v transparent_a and_o far_o weighty_a than_o we_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o a_o measure_n at_o amsterdam_n which_o hold_v about_o 3_o bushel_n and_o if_o our_o wheat_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n weigh_v 160._o the_o southern_a corn_n weigh_v sometime_o 180_o 200_o 220_o and_o have_v a_o crop_n beyond_o expectation_n the_o
i_o yet_o i_o have_v hear_v it_o by_o so_o many_o that_o i_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v true_a namely_o that_o a_o orchard_n of_o 30_o acre_n of_o cherry_n produce_v in_o one_o year_n above_o a_o 1000_o pound_n but_o now_o the_o tree_n be_v almost_o all_o dead_a it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o orchard_n plant_v in_o kent_n mr._n cambden_n report_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n gardener_n in_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n first_o begin_v to_o plant_v flemish_a cherry_n in_o those_o part_n which_o in_o his_o time_n do_v spread_v into_o 16_o other_o parish_n and_o be_v at_o that_o time_n sell_v at_o great_a rate_n than_o now_o yet_o i_o know_v that_o 10_o or_o 15_o pound_n a_o acre_n have_v be_v give_v for_o cherry_n more_o for_o pear_n and_o apple_n 2_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deficiency_n in_o the_o order_n of_o orchard_n in_o that_o they_o be_v not_o well_o prune_v but_o full_a of_o moss_n misletoe_n and_o sucker_n and_o oftentimes_o the_o ground_n be_v pack_v too_o thick_a of_o tree_n for_o they_o shall_v stand_v at_o least_o 20_o foot_n asunder_o neither_o will_v ill_a husband_n bestow_v dung_v dig_v or_o any_o other_o cost_n on_o orchard_n which_o if_o they_o do_v may_v pay_v half_a their_o rent_n in_o some_o place_n one_o tell_v i_o for_o a_o secret_a a_o composition_n for_o to_o make_v tree_n bear_v much_o and_o excellent_a fruit_n which_o be_v this_o first_o in_o a_o old_a tree_n to_o split_v his_o root_n then_o to_o apply_v a_o compost_n make_v of_o pigeons-dung_n lees_n of_o wine_n or_o stale_a urine_n and_o a_o little_a brimstone_n to_o destroy_v the_o worm_n it_o have_v some_o probability_n of_o truth_n for_o by_o experience_n i_o know_v that_o a_o bushel_n of_o pigeons-dung_n have_v cause_v a_o tree_n to_o grow_v and_o bear_v which_o for_o divers_a year_n before_o stand_v at_o a_o stand_n but_o concern_v the_o split_a the_o root_n i_o know_v not_o what_o to_o say_v some_o old_a author_n affirm_v this_o aught_o to_o be_v do_v because_o that_o the_o root_n may_v as_o well_o be_v hidebound_a as_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o not_o able_a to_o attract_v his_o nourishment_n and_o when_o the_o root_n be_v split_v it_o will_v speedy_o send_v forth_o divers_a small_a fibrous_a root_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a attractor_n it_o be_v good_a that_o some_o will_v give_v we_o a_o account_n exact_a of_o this_o experiment_n but_o some_o will_v object_v against_o orchard_n that_o they_o spoil_v much_o ground_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v plant_v only_o in_o hedge_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v 1_o that_o plumtree_n and_o damsin_n may_v very_o well_o be_v plant_v in_o hedge_n be_v ordinary_o thorny_a plant_n this_o be_v use_v very_o much_o in_o surrey_n and_o kent_n where_o the_o plum_n usual_o pay_v no_o small_a part_n of_o their_o rent_n yet_o i_o never_o see_v in_o these_o southern_a part_n of_o england_n any_o apple_n or_o pear_n thrive_v in_o a_o hedge_n unless_o a_o crab_n or_o a_o wilden_n or_o some_o sweeting_n of_o little_a worth_n how_o they_o thrive_v in_o hereford-shire_n and_o those_o place_n i_o know_v not_o 2_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o orchard_n plant_v at_o 20_o or_o 30_o foot_n distance_n be_v not_o worth_a speak_v of_o for_o this_o be_v the_o usual_a course_n in_o kent_n when_o they_o plant_v any_o ground_n they_o exact_o place_v they_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n and_o then_o plough_v their_o land_n many_o year_n and_o sow_v they_o with_o corn_n till_o the_o orchard_n begin_v to_o bear_v fruit_n then_o they_o lie_v they_o down_o for_o pasture_n which_o pasture_n be_v not_o considerable_o sour_a but_o have_v this_o advantage_n above_o other_o pasture_n 1_o that_o it_o be_v soon_o grow_v by_o 14_o day_n in_o the_o spring_n than_o the_o meadow_n and_o therefore_o very_o serviceable_a 2_o in_o parch_a summer_n here_o be_v plenty_n when_o other_o place_n have_v scarcity_n 3_o they_o be_v great_a shelter_n for_o cattle_n especial_o sheep_n who_o will_v in_o those_o place_n in_o great_a snow_n scrape_v up_o meat_n which_o in_o other_o place_n they_o can_v do_v and_o if_o the_o pasture_n be_v sour_a yet_o the_o loss_n be_v not_o great_a for_o it_o will_v be_v a_o convenient_a place_n for_o the_o hog_n to_o run_v in_o who_o must_v have_v a_o place_n for_o that_o purpose_n where_o there_o be_v no_o commons_o 4_o i_o say_v that_o the_o benefit_n be_v so_o many_o by_o orchard_n that_o you_o ought_v like_v a_o ungrateful_a man_n to_o thrust_v they_o up_o to_o the_o hedge_n for_o they_o afford_v curious_a walk_n for_o pleasure_n food_n for_o cattle_n both_o in_o the_o spring_n early_o and_o also_o in_o the_o parch_a summer_n and_o nip_a snowy_a winter_n they_o afford_v fuel_n for_o the_o fire_n and_o also_o shade_n from_o the_o heat_n physic_n for_o the_o sick_a refreshment_n for_o the_o sound_n plenty_n of_o food_n for_o man_n and_o that_o not_o of_o the_o worst_a and_o drink_v also_o even_o of_o the_o best_a and_o all_o this_o without_o much_o labour_n care_n or_o cost_n who_o therefore_o can_v just_o open_v his_o mouth_n against_o they_o 3_o deficiency_n be_v that_o we_o do_v not_o improve_v many_o excellent_a fruit_n which_o grow_v among_o we_o very_o well_o and_o that_o we_o have_v as_o yet_o many_o fruit_n from_o beyond_o sea_n which_o will_v grow_v very_o well_o with_o we_o i_o pass_v by_o the_o general_a and_o great_a ignorance_n that_o be_v among_o we_o of_o the_o variety_n of_o apple_n of_o which_o there_o be_v many_o sort_n which_o have_v some_o good_a and_o peculiar_a use_n most_o man_n content_v themselves_o with_o the_o knowledge_n of_o half_a a_o score_n of_o the_o best_a think_v the_o virtue_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v comprehend_v in_o they_o as_o also_o of_o the_o variety_n of_o pear_n which_o be_v incredible_o many_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o near_o gravesend_n have_v late_o collect_v about_o 200_o species_n i_o know_v another_o in_o essex_n mr._n ward_n who_o have_v nigh_o the_o same_o number_n i_o hear_v of_o another_o in_o worcester-shire_n not_o inferior_a to_o these_o in_o northamton-shire_n i_o know_v one_o who_o have_v likewise_o collect_v very_o many_o so_o that_o i_o dare_v bold_o say_v there_o be_v no_o less_o in_o this_o island_n than_o 500_o species_n some_o commend_v for_o their_o early_a ripeness_n some_o for_o excellent_a taste_n some_o for_o beauty_n other_o for_o greatness_n some_o for_o great_a bearer_n other_o for_o good_a baker_n some_o for_o long_a laster_n other_o for_o to_o make_v perry_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o our_o purpose_n i_o say_v many_o rare_a fruit_n be_v neglect_v to_o instance_n 1_o in_o the_o small-nut_n or_o filbird_n which_o be_v not_o much_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a and_o sweet_a almond_n 2_o the_o great_a damsin_n or_o pruin-plum_n which_o grow_v well_o and_o bear_v full_a in_o england_n 3_o almond_n which_o grow_v well_o and_o bear_v good_a fruit_n as_o i_o have_v see_v divers_a bushel_n on_o one_o tree_n in_o my_o brother_n orchard_n 4_o walnut_n which_o be_v not_o a_o fruit_n to_o be_v despise_v 5_o vine_n and_o mulberry_n but_o of_o these_o present_o in_o another_o place_n i_o may_v likewise_o add_v currant_n raspese_n of_o which_o excellent_a drink_n may_v be_v make_v 6_o quince_n of_o the_o which_o i_o can_v but_o tell_v you_o that_o a_o gentleman_n at_o prichenel_n in_o essex_n who_o have_v a_o tree_n from_o beyond_o sea_n have_v the_o best_a in_o england_n and_o have_v make_v above_o 30_o pound_n of_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o ground_n plant_v with_o they_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v from_o his_o own_o wife_n mouth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o our_o ill_a husbandry_n that_o we_o have_v quince_n from_o flaunders_n small-nut_n from_o spain_n prune_n from_o france_n and_o also_o walnut_n and_o almond_n from_o italy_n and_o chestnut_n which_o i_o have_v almost_o forget_v from_o portugal_n and_o now_o i_o can_v but_o digress_v a_o little_a to_o tell_v you_o a_o strange_a and_o true_a story_n with_o my_o opinion_n of_o it_o in_o divers_a place_n of_o kent_n as_o at_z and_o about_o gravesend_n in_o the_o country_n and_o elsewhere_o very_o many_o of_o the_o prime_a timber_n of_o their_o old_a barn_n and_o house_n be_v of_o chestnut-wood_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o chestnut-tree_n within_o 20_o mile_n of_o that_o place_n and_o the_o people_n altogether_o ignorant_a of_o such_o tree_n this_o show_v that_o in_o former_a time_n those_o place_n do_v abound_v with_o such_o timber_n for_o people_n be_v not_o so_o foolish_a sure_o in_o former_a time_n to_o run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o world_n to_o procure_v such_o huge_a massey_a timber_n for_o barn_n and_o such_o building_n when_o as_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o oak_n and_o elm_n at_o their_o door_n
within_o door_n honest_o then_o by_o run_v rogue_v up_o and_o down_o why_o shall_v they_o not_o compel_v they_o to_o it_o and_o though_o some_o may_v think_v the_o parish_n will_v lose_v much_o by_o this_o way_n because_o that_o the_o stock_n wrought_v will_v not_o be_v put_v off_o but_o with_o loss_n as_o perhaps_o 10_o l_o will_v be_v bring_v to_o 8_o l_o yet_o let_v they_o consider_v how_o much_o they_o shall_v save_v at_o their_o door_n how_o many_o inconvenience_n they_o be_v free_v from_o their_o hedge_n in_o the_o country_n shall_v not_o be_v pull_v their_o fruit_n steal_v nor_o their_o corn_n purloin_v and_o further_o that_o the_o poor_a will_v be_v train_v up_o to_o work_v and_o therefore_o fit_a for_o any_o service_n yea_o and_o in_o their_o youth_n learn_v a_o call_n by_o the_o which_o they_o may_v get_v a_o honest_a livelihood_n and_o i_o dare_v say_v their_o assessment_n for_o the_o poor_a will_v not_o be_v so_o frequent_a nor_o the_o poor_a so_o numerous_a and_o the_o benefit_n which_o redound_v to_o the_o nation_n will_v be_v very_o great_a 4_o the_o charitable_a deed_n of_o our_o forefather_n aught_o to_o be_v inquire_v after_o that_o they_o be_v not_o misplace_v as_o usual_o they_o be_v but_o be_v real_o bestow_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o poor_a that_o be_v laborious_a as_o in_o london_n be_v begin_v and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o will_v not_o work_v take_v saint_n paul_n rule_n who_o best_o know_v what_o be_v best_a for_o they_o i_o dare_v not_o advise_v to_o take_v in_o part_n of_o commons_o fen_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o improve_v they_o for_o this_o use_n lest_o i_o shall_v too_o much_o provoke_v the_o rude_a merciless_a multitude_n but_o to_o return_v to_o my_o discourse_n i_o say_v that_o sow_v hemp_n and_o flax_n will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a 1_o to_o the_o owner_n of_o land_n for_o man_n usual_o give_v in_o divers_a place_n 3_o l_o per_fw-la acre_n to_o sow_v hemp_n and_o flax_n as_o i_o have_v see_v at_o maidstone_n in_o kent_n which_o be_v the_o only_a place_n i_o know_v in_o england_n where_o thread_n be_v make_v and_o though_o nigh_o a_o thousand_o hand_n be_v employ_v about_o it_o yet_o they_o make_v not_o enough_o for_o this_o nation_n and_o yet_o get_v good_a profit_n how_o advantageous_a will_v this_o be_v to_o those_o who_o have_v drain_v the_o fen_n where_o questionless_a hemp_n will_v flourish_v and_o exsiccate_a the_o ground_n for_o hemp_n desire_v stiff_o moist_a land_n as_o flax_n light_n and_o dry_a and_o likewise_o to_o those_o in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n where_o land_n be_v very_o cheap_a i_o hope_v in_o a_o little_a time_n ireland_n will_v furnish_v we_o with_o these_o commodity_n if_o we_o be_v idle_a for_o there_o land_n be_v very_o cheap_a and_o those_o seed_n need_v no_o enclosure_n for_o cattle_n will_v not_o touch_v they_o neither_o do_v it_o fear_v the_o plunderer_n either_o in_o the_o field_n or_o barn_n 2_o it_o be_v profitable_a to_o the_o sour_a i_o know_v that_o they_o usual_o value_v a_o acre_n at_o 10_o or_o 12_o l_o which_o cost_v they_o usual_o but_o half_a the_o money_n whether_o there_o be_v flax_n that_o will_v yield_v 30_o or_o 40_o l_o per_fw-la acre_n as_o some_o report_n i_o know_v not_o 3_o to_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v sow_v because_o it_o set_v many_o poor_a to_o work_v i_o wish_v it_o be_v encourage_v more_o in_o the_o north_n than_o it_o be_v because_o there_o be_v many_o poor_a who_o can_v willing_o take_v pain_n and_o though_o spin_v of_o linen_n be_v but_o a_o poor_a work_n yet_o it_o be_v light_n and_o may_v be_v call_v woman_n recreation_n and_o in_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o best_a citizen_n wife_n think_v it_o no_o disgrace_n to_o go_v about_o spin_v with_o their_o rock_n and_o though_o in_o some_o part_n the_o poor_a think_v it_o nothing_o to_o earn_v 4_o or_o 6_o d_o o_z day_n and_o will_v as_o soon_o stand_v with_o their_o hand_n in_o their_o pocket_n as_o work_v cheap_a yet_o in_o the_o north_n they_o account_v it_o well_o to_o earn_v 3_o d_o or_o 4_o d_o by_o spin_v which_o they_o may_v do_v last_o it_o will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a to_o this_o nation_n and_o save_v many_o thousand_o pound_n i_o may_v say_v 100_o thousand_o which_o be_v export_v either_o in_o cash_n or_o good_a commodity_n and_o we_o shall_v not_o be_v behold_v to_o holland_n for_o fine_a linen_n and_o cordage_n nor_o to_o france_n for_o poldavice_n locram_n canvas_n net_n nor_o to_o flaunders_n for_o thread_n but_o may_v be_v supply_v abundant_o with_o these_o necessary_a commodity_n even_o at_o our_o own_o door_n there_o be_v no_o small_a deficiency_n in_o dung_v and_o manure_v land_n both_o because_o that_o all_o manner_n of_o manure_v and_o amend_v land_n be_v not_o know_v to_o every_o one_o land_n and_o also_o that_o they_o do_v not_o employ_v all_o they_o know_v to_o the_o best_a use_n i_o will_v therefore_o set_v down_o most_o of_o the_o way_n i_o have_v see_v here_o in_o england_n and_o beyond_o sea_n by_o which_o land_n be_v improve_v and_o the_o best_a way_n to_o use_v the_o same_o 1_o to_o begin_v with_o chalk_n which_o be_v as_o old_a a_o way_n as_o julius_n caesar_n time_n as_o he_o himself_o report_v in_o his_o commentary_n chalk_n be_v of_o 2_o sort_n 1_o a_o hard_a strong_a dry_a chalk_n with_o which_o in_o kent_n they_o make_v wall_n burn_v lime_n etc._n etc._n 2_o kind_a be_v a_o small_a unctuous_a chalk_n this_o be_v the_o chalk_n for_o land_n the_o other_o help_v little_a only_o it_o make_v the_o plough_n go_v easy_o in_o stiff_a land_n broomy_a land_n be_v account_v the_o best_a land_n for_o chalk_n and_o lime_n but_o it_o help_v other_o land_n also_o especial_o if_o you_o chalk_v your_o ground_n and_o let_v it_o lie_v a_o year_n or_o two_o which_o be_v the_o way_n use_v in_o kent_n that_o it_o may_v be_v mature_v and_o shatter_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n otherwise_o if_o it_o be_v turn_v in_o present_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o lie_v in_o great_a clod_n as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o twenty_o year_n after_o chalk_v also_o sweeten_v pasture_n but_o do_v not_o much_o increase_v it_o and_o killeth_z rush_n and_o broom_n 2_o lime_n which_o be_v make_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o stone_n be_v a_o excellent_a thing_n for_o most_o land_n and_o produce_v a_o most_o pure_a grain_n 160_o bushel_n be_v usual_o lay_v on_o a_o acre_n but_o i_o suppose_v that_o if_o man_n do_v lay_v but_o half_a the_o dung_n on_o the_o ground_n as_o they_o usual_o do_v as_o also_o lime_n and_o chalk_n and_o dung_n and_o lime_n it_o often_o it_o will_v be_v better_a husbandry_n for_o much_o dung_n cause_v much_o weed_n and_o cause_v corn_n to_o lodge_v and_o too_o much_o chalk_n do_v too_o much_o force_v the_o land_n so_o that_o after_o some_o good_a crop_n it_o lie_v barren_a many_o year_n it_o be_v good_a husbandry_n likewise_o to_o lay_v down_o land_n before_o they_o be_v too_o much_o out_o of_o heart_n for_o they_o will_v soon_o recover_v otherwise_o not_o 3_o ordinary_a dung_n which_o every_o one_o know_v but_o let_v it_o not_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n too_o much_o nor_o let_v it_o lie_v in_o a_o high_a place_n for_o the_o rain_n will_v waste_v away_o its_o fatness_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o earth_n the_o more_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v the_o better_a as_o we_o see_v that_o land_n be_v much_o better_v by_o oft_o ploughing_n for_o the_o sun_n and_o dew_n engender_v a_o nitrous_a fatness_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o fertility_n but_o dung_n be_v exhaust_v by_o the_o sun_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o fold_n of_o sheep_n which_o profit_n little_a if_o it_o be_v not_o present_o turn_v in_o therefore_o a_o shepherd_n if_o his_o time_n will_v permit_v shall_v turn_v up_o the_o ground_n with_o a_o how_o for_o to_o sow_v turnip_n as_o gardiner_n do_v i_o have_v see_v ordinary_a dung_n on_o dry_a land_n in_o dry_a year_n to_o do_v hurt_v and_o it_o oft_o cause_v weeds_o and_o trumpery_n to_o grow_v 4_o marle_n it_o be_v of_o divers_a kind_n some_o stony_a some_o soft_a some_o white_a some_o yellowish_a but_o most_o common_o blue_a it_o be_v in_o most_o place_n in_o england_n but_o not_o know_v by_o all_o the_o best_a mark_n to_o know_v it_o be_v to_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n and_o to_o see_v if_o the_o sun_n or_o rain_n cause_v it_o to_o shatter_v and_o if_o it_o be_v unctuous_a or_o rather_o to_o take_v a_o load_n or_o two_o and_o lay_v it_o on_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o field_n and_o to_o try_v how_o it_o mend_v your_o land_n it_o be_v excellent_a for_o corn_n and_o pasture_n especial_o on_o dry_a land_n
peculiar_a propriety_n to_o every_o kind_n of_o earth_n to_o produce_v some_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o plant_n which_o it_o will_v observe_v even_o to_o the_o world_n end_n unless_o by_o dung_n marle_n chalk_n you_o alter_v even_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o gallitia_n in_o spain_n where_o such_o barren_a land_n do_v very_o much_o abound_v they_o do_v thus_o first_o they_o grub_n they_o up_o as_o clean_a as_o they_o can_v of_o the_o great_a root_n and_o branch_n they_o make_v firewood_n the_o small_a stick_n be_v either_o employ_v in_o fence_v or_o else_o be_v burn_v on_o the_o ground_n afterward_o the_o land_n be_v plough_v twice_o at_o least_o they_o sow_v wheat_n and_o usual_o the_o crop_n be_v great_a which_o the_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n divide_v according_a to_o a_o compact_n then_o the_o ground_n rest_v and_o in_o 3_o or_o 4_o year_n the_o furze_n or_o broom_n will_v recover_v their_o former_a growth_n which_o the_o painful_a husbandman_n grub_v and_o do_v with_o it_o as_o former_o i_o set_v this_o down_o that_o you_o may_v see_v how_o laborious_a the_o spaniard_n be_v in_o some_o place_n the_o poverty_n of_o the_o country_n compel_v he_o to_o it_o 7_o there_o be_v other_o inconvenience_n in_o land_n beside_o weed_n and_o trumpery_n viz._n ill_a tenor_n as_o copyhold_a knight-service_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o the_o possessor_n can_v cut_v any_o timber_n down_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o when_o he_o die_v must_v pay_v one_o or_o two_o year_n rent_n but_o these_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o poor_a husbandman_n to_o remedy_n i_o therefore_o pass_v they_o by_o yet_o hope_v that_o in_o little_a time_n we_o shall_v see_v these_o inconvenience_n remedy_v because_o they_o much_o discourage_v improvement_n and_o be_v as_o i_o suppose_v badge_n of_o our_o norman_a slavery_n to_o conclude_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o reasonable_a and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o laborious_a man_n to_o improve_v their_o barren_a land_n if_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v recompense_n for_o what_o they_o have_v do_v according_a as_o indifferent_a man_n shall_v judge_v when_o they_o leave_v it_o as_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o flaunders_n i_o have_v likewise_o observe_v some_o deficiency_n in_o wood_n wood_n which_o i_o shall_v brief_o declare_v with_o the_o best_a way_n to_o remedy_n the_o same_o 1_o it_o be_v a_o great_a fault_n that_o general_o through_o the_o island_n the_o wood_n be_v destroy_v so_o that_o we_o be_v in_o many_o place_n very_o much_o necessitate_v both_o for_o fuel_n &_o also_o for_o timber_n for_o building_n and_o other_o use_n so_o that_o if_o we_o have_v not_o coal_n from_o newcastle_n and_o board_n from_o norwey_n plough-stave_n and_o pipe-stave_n from_o prussia_n we_o shall_v be_v bring_v to_o great_a extremity_n and_o many_o mechanickes_n will_v be_v necessitate_v to_o leave_v their_o calling_n 2_o deficiency_n be_v that_o our_o wood_n be_v not_o order_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v but_o though_o wood_n be_v especial_o preserve_v for_o timber_n for_o building_n and_o ship_n yet_o at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v very_o rare_a to_o see_v a_o good_a timber-tree_n in_o a_o wood._n 3_o that_o many_o of_o our_o wood_n be_v very_o thin_a and_o not_o replenish_v with_o such_o sort_n of_o wood_n as_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o place_n 4_o that_o we_o sell_v continual_o and_o never_o plant_v or_o take_v care_n for_o posterity_n these_o deficiency_n may_v be_v thus_o remedy_v 1_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n the_o statute_n against_o grub_v of_o wood_n which_o be_v sufficient_o severe_a it_o be_v well_o know_v we_o have_v good_a law_n but_o it_o be_v better_o know_v they_o be_v not_o execute_v in_o the_o wild_a of_o kent_n and_o sussex_n which_o lie_v far_o from_o the_o river_n and_o sea_n and_o former_o have_v be_v nothing_o but_o wood_n liberty_n be_v grant_v for_o man_n to_o grub_v what_o they_o please_v for_o they_o can_v want_v fire_v for_o themselves_o and_o they_o be_v so_o seat_v that_o neither_o firewood_n nor_o timber_n can_v be_v transport_v elsewhere_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o proffer_v their_o good_a oak-timber_n at_o 6_o s_z 8_o d_o per_fw-mi tun_n and_o the_o land_n in_o those_o part_n in_o general_n be_v very_o good_a about_o tunbridge_n there_o be_v land_n which_o former_o be_v wood_n be_v now_o let_v for_o 30_o s_o per_fw-la be_v so_o that_o to_o keep_v such_o land_n for_o wood_n will_v be_v both_o loss_n to_o the_o owner_n and_o to_o the_o island_n but_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o man_n be_v much_o to_o be_v blame_v for_o destroy_v both_o timber_n and_o fuel_n i_o have_v see_v at_o shooters-hill_n near_o london_n some_o wood_n stub_a up_o which_o be_v good_a ground_n for_o wood_n but_o now_o be_v nothing_o but_o furze_n which_o be_v a_o great_a loss_n both_o to_o the_o owner_n and_o to_o the_o country_n for_o the_o land_n be_v make_v worse_o than_o it_o be_v former_o i_o conceive_v there_o be_v land_n which_o be_v as_o natural_o ordain_v for_o wood_n viz._n mountainous_a craggy_a uneven_a land_n as_o small_a hill_n for_o the_o vine_n and_o olive_n plain_a land_n for_o corn_n and_o low_o moist_a land_n for_o pasture_n which_o land_n if_o they_o be_v stub_a do_v much_o prejudice_n the_o commonwealth_n 2_o that_o all_o wood_n shall_v have_v such_o a_o number_n of_o timber-tree_n per_fw-la acre_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o good_a law_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o man_n delude_v both_o themselves_o and_o the_o law_n that_o they_o every_o fell_v cut_v down_o the_o stander_n which_o they_o leave_v the_o foll_n before_o lest_o perchance_o they_o shall_v grow_v to_o be_v timber_n and_o leave_v 12_o small_a stander_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o fulfil_v in_o some_o measure_n the_o statute_n but_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a fallacy_n and_o cause_v the_o statute_n to_o fail_v of_o its_o principal_a end_n which_o be_v to_o preserve_v timber_n 3_o the_o best_a remedy_n against_o thinness_n of_o wood_n be_v to_o plash_n they_o and_o spread_v they_o abroad_o and_o cover_v they_o partly_o in_o the_o ground_n as_o every_o countryman_n can_v direct_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o wood_n will_v soon_o grow_v rough_a and_o thick_a it_o be_v good_a husbandry_n likewise_o to_o fill_v your_o wood_n with_o swift_a grower_n as_o ash_n sallow_a willow_n asp_n which_o be_v also_o good_a for_o hop-pole_n hoop_n sycamore_n be_v also_o a_o swift_a grower_n in_o flaunders_n they_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o salix_fw-la call_v by_o they_o abell-tree_n which_o speedliy_v grow_v to_o be_v timber_n 4_o that_o some_o law_n be_v make_v that_o they_o which_o fall_v shall_v also_o plant_v or_o sow_v in_o biscay_n there_o be_v a_o law_n if_o that_o any_o cut_v down_o a_o timber-tree_n he_o must_v plant_v three_o for_o it_o which_o law_n be_v put_v into_o execution_n with_o severity_n otherwise_o they_o will_v soon_o be_v undo_v for_o the_o country_n be_v very_o mountainous_a and_o barren_a and_o depend_v whole_o on_o iron_n mine_n and_o on_o ship_n their_o wood_n be_v not_o copse_v there_o but_o only_o pollard_n which_o they_o lop_v when_o occasion_n serve_v i_o know_v one_o who_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o landlord_n to_o plant_v so_o many_o tree_n yearly_a which_o according_a he_o do_v but_o always_o in_o such_o place_n that_o they_o may_v not_o grow_v in_o france_n near_o to_o the_o border_n of_o spain_n they_o sow_v ashkey_n which_o when_o they_o grow_v to_o such_o a_o greatness_n that_o they_o may_v be_v slit_v into_o four_o quarter_n and_o big_a enough_o to_o make_v pike_n than_o they_o cut_v they_o down_o and_o i_o have_v see_v divers_a acre_n together_o thus_o plant_v hence_o come_v the_o excellent_a pikss_n call_v spanish-pike_n some_o gentleman_n have_v sow_v acorn_n and_o it_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o increase_v wood_n though_o the_o time_n be_v long_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o every_o one_o know_v that_o it_o be_v excellent_a to_o plant_v willow_n along_o the_o water_n side_n and_o ash_n nigh_o their_o house_n for_o fire_v for_o they_o be_v good_a piece_n of_o husbandry_n and_o it_o be_v pity_n that_o it_o be_v not_o more_o put_v in_o practice_n there_o be_v a_o gentleman_n in_o essex_n who_o have_v plant_v so_o many_o willow_n that_o he_o may_v lop_v 2000_o every_o year_n if_o other_o be_v as_o ingenious_a we_o shall_v not_o want_v firewood_n osier_n plant_v in_o low_a morish_a ground_n do_v advance_v land_n from_o 5_o s_o per_fw-la acre_n to_o 40_o s_o 50_o s_o 3_o l_o and_o upward_a it_o be_v much_o use_v westward_o of_o london_n these_o osier_n be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o basket-maker_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o small_a osier_n or_o willow_n at_o saint_n omars_n in_o
fire-stone_n because_o that_o they_o will_v endure_v strong_a fire_n and_o therefore_o fit_a for_o iron_n furnace_n and_o this_o propriety_n these_o soft_a stone_n have_v that_o when_o they_o be_v white_a hot_a a_o steel_n instrument_n will_v scarce_o touch_v they_o to_o hurt_v they_o alabaster_n be_v find_v at_o burton_n on_o the_o trent_n and_o in_o staffordshire_n and_o a_o titbury-castle_n excellent_a marble_n at_o snothil_n in_o hereford-shire_n a_o course_n marble_n near_o oxford_n in_o kent_n also_o at_o purbrick_n in_o dorsetshire_n millstone_n in_o anglesey_n in_o flintshire_n darbyshire_n lime-stone_n chalk_v in_o very_a many_o place_n for_o divers_a use_n allum-stone_n be_v find_v in_o anglesey_n but_o especial_o at_o gisborrow_n in_o yorkshire_n where_o the_o alum_n work_n be_v which_o serve_v this_o island_n lapis_n claminaris_n be_v late_o find_v in_o somersetshire_n by_o the_o which_o copper_n be_v make_v brass_n manganese_n for_o those_o that_o make_v white_a glass_n 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worth_n and_o profit_n to_o these_o i_o answer_v that_o god_n have_v make_v nothing_o in_o vain_a every_o thing_n have_v his_o peculiar_a use_n and_o though_o some_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o little_a worth_n and_o contemptible_a as_o sand_n loame_n chalk_n yet_o it_o have_v please_v the_o wise_a creator_n to_o make_v these_o thing_n very_o necessary_a for_o man_n comfortable_a subsistence_n which_o they_o that_o want_v these_o thing_n can_v testify_v as_o for_o example_n in_o new-england_n where_o there_o be_v no_o chalk_n nor_o limestone_n they_o be_v compel_v to_o burn_v oyster-shell_n cockle_n to_o make_v lime_n or_o else_o they_o can_v hardly_o build_v any_o house_n the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v of_o sand_n and_o loam_n in_o divers_a place_n where_o they_o be_v want_v 2._o i_o say_v that_o most_o of_o those_o thing_n i_o have_v speak_v of_o be_v very_o profitable_a in_o one_o place_n or_o other_o to_o instance_n in_o some_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n at_o london_n brick-man_n 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for_o brick_n this_o clay_n for_o pot_n this_o marl_n for_o corn-land_n and_o if_o that_o they_o shall_v find_v any_o stone_n earth_n which_o they_o know_v not_o that_o they_o will_v lay_v they_o up_o till_o that_o they_o meet_v with_o some_o ingenious_a man_n that_o can_v inform_v they_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o the_o world_n have_v be_v find_v out_o by_o these_o mean_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v history_n and_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o that_o by_o this_o mean_n they_o may_v much_o advance_v their_o knowledge_n and_o be_v more_o profitable_a to_o the_o public_a their_o neighbour_n and_o also_o to_o themselves_o 17._o deficiency_n be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o vegetable_n of_o this_o island_n use_v and_o their_o virtue_n and_o use_v and_o the_o first_o deficiency_n that_o i_o take_v notice_n of_o be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o ordinary_a seed_n which_o be_v common_o sow_v among_o we_o for_o usual_o the_o countryman_n content_v himself_o with_o one_o or_o two_o sort_n and_o know_v no_o more_o when_o as_o there_o be_v very_o great_a variety_n some_o of_o which_o agree_v with_o one_o sort_n of_o ground_n some_o with_o another_o as_o for_o example_n there_o be_v very_o many_o sort_n of_o wheat_n some_o call_v white_a wheat_n some_o red_a wheat_n some_o beard_a which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o mildew_n as_o other_o other_o not_o some_o sort_n with_o 2._o row_n other_o with_o 4._o and_o 6._o some_o with_o one_o ear_n on_o a_o stalk_n other_o with_o double_a ear_n or_o 2._o on_o the_o same_o stalk_n red_a stalk_n wheat_n of_o buckinghamshire_n winter_n wheat_n summer_n wheat_n which_o be_v sow_v abundant_o in_o new-england_n in_o april_n and_o may_n and_o reap_v ordinarl_o in_o 3._o month_n and_o many_o sort_n more_o not_o to_o trouble_v my_o discourse_n with_o spelt_n zea_n tiphine-wheat_n or_o olew_v far_o siligo_fw-la alica_n which_o be_v use_v among_o the_o ancient_n but_o now_o unknown_a not_o only_o to_o the_o countryman_n but_o even_o to_o the_o learnede_a botanic_n so_o i_o may_v say_v that_o the_o ordinary_a yeoman_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o diversity_n of_o barley_n for_o there_o be_v not_o only_o the_o ordinary_a barley_n but_o also_o big_a sprat-bar_o which_o have_v late_o be_v sow_v in_o kent_n with_o good_a profit_n also_o winter-bar_o sow_v in_o winter_n barley_n with_o 4.6_o row_n naked_a barley_n which_o require_v divers_a disposition_n in_o land_n some_o delight_v in_o fine_a other_o in_o stiff_a ground_n so_o there_o be_v also_o winter_n and_o summer-rie_n and_o 20._o sort_n of_o pease_n the_o ordinary_a schew_v the_o raith_n or_o early-ripe_a pease_n the_o roncival_n hastiver_n hotarses_n gray-pease_n green-pease_n pease_n without_o skin_n sugar_n pease_n who_o shell_n be_v sweet_a than_o the_o pease_n itself_o and_o have_v be_v within_o these_o 10._o year_n plentiful_o sow_v in_o lincolnshire_n with_o profit_n also_o fulham_n sandwich-pease_n etc._n etc._n which_o require_v divers_a sort_n of_o land_n and_o season_n so_o also_o there_o be_v divers_a sort_n of_o oat_n white_a black_a naked_a which_o in_o new_a england_n serve_v well_o for_o oatmeal_n without_o grind_v be_v beat_v as_o they_o come_v out_o of_o the_o barn_n scotch_a poland_n etc._n etc._n also_o buck-wheat_n lentile_n divers_a sort_n of_o tare_n of_o hemp_n and_o flax_n altogether_o unknown_a to_o most_o countryman_n but_o i_o hope_v that_o hereafter_o rhey_n will_v be_v more_o inquisitive_a after_o they_o for_o divers_a of_o they_o may_v be_v of_o good_a use_n on_o their_o land_n 2._o defficiency_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o plant_n and_o grass_n which_o natural_o grow_v among_o we_o and_o their_o uses_n which_o likewise_o be_v make_v for_o to_o be_v food_n for_o cattle_n and_o also_o for_o the_o service_n of_o man_n this_o ignorance_n cause_v they_o to_o
part_n of_o france_n about_o paris_n another_o seed_n that_o do_v far_o excel_v that_o of_o saint_n foin_n and_o that_o the_o name_n of_o that_o more_o excellent_a seed_n be_v la_fw-fr lucern_n i_o be_o desire_v by_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o to_o who_o n._n n._n relate_v this_o passage_n of_o doctor_n d._n that_o by_o your_o kindness_n he_o may_v be_v speak_v to_o of_o this_o la_fw-fr lucern_n and_o his_o direction_n desire_v where_o the_o say_a seed_n be_v to_o be_v have_v for_o what_o price_n how_o much_o be_v usual_o sow_v upon_o a_o english_a acre_n what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n it_o be_v sow_v whether_o it_o be_v sow_v alone_o or_o with_o any_o other_o ordinary_a corn_n and_o with_o what_o corn_n and_o with_o what_o kind_n of_o land_n it_o best_o agree_v and_o final_o what_o other_o particular_n he_o can_v direct_v more_o than_o be_v hete_n set_v down_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o queres_fw-la from_o paris_n i_o have_v be_v with_o doctor_n d._n about_o lucern_n who_o tell_v i_o that_o it_o grow_v best_a in_o wettish_a ground_n that_o the_o best_a time_n of_o sow_v it_o in_o england_n will_v be_v in_o february_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o oat_n be_v sow_v with_o the_o which_o also_o it_o may_v be_v sow_v but_o best_a alone_a that_o to_o the_o sow_v of_o a_o arpent_n which_o be_v muchwhat_a the_o same_o with_o a_o english-acre_n there_o will_v go_v 12_o or_o 15_o l_o of_o the_o seed_n the_o which_o use_v to_o be_v sell_v here_o at_o 8_o or_o 9_o sol_n the_o pound_n more_o quere_n concern_v lucern_n i_o desire_v further_o to_o know_v what_o kind_n of_o wet_a ground_n be_v best_a for_o it_o whether_o moorish_a or_o clay_n whether_o poor_a or_o rich_a whether_o it_o will_v continue_v over_o a_o year_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o more_o than_o a_o year_n then_o how_o many_o year_n it_o will_v continue_v without_o be_v new_o sow_v whether_o it_o be_v only_o good_a for_o meadow_n or_o for_o pasture_n and_o if_o for_o pasture_n then_o whether_o the_o sheep_n or_o cattle_n be_v suffer_v to_o go_v upon_o it_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v carry_v off_o green_a as_o the_o clovergrasse_n be_v in_o flanders_n last_o for_o what_o cattle_n it_o be_v most_o proper_a another_o answer_n from_o paris_n i_o think_v to_o have_v send_v you_o 9_o l_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucern_n for_o the_o sow_v of_o three_o acre_n doctor_n d._n have_v tell_v i_o as_o heretofore_o i_o tell_v you_o that_o 3_o l_o will_v sow_v a_o arpent_n or_o acre_n but_o as_o i_o be_v go_v about_o it_o i_o meet_v with_o a_o gentleman_n a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o who_o some_o year_n since_o but_o unknown_a to_o i_o hitherto_o have_v have_v some_o acre_n of_o meadow_n of_o lucern_n upon_o his_o ground_n to_o who_o have_v casual_o speak_v of_o my_o business_n and_o tell_v he_o all_o that_o doctor_n d._n have_v tell_v i_o about_o the_o lucern_n he_o answer_v i_o that_o dr._n d._n be_v most_o gross_o mistake_v in_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n require_v for_o the_o sow_v of_o a_o acre_n and_o that_o it_o will_v not_o take_v up_o 3_o l_o but_o two_o whole_a sack_n each_o sack_n contain_v the_o full_a load_n of_o a_o strong_a porter_n after_o which_o rate_n the_o quantity_n of_o seed_n for_o the_o sow_v of_o 3._o acre_n will_v fill_v a_o great_a dry-fat_n the_o send_v whereof_o by_o land_n will_v come_v to_o excessive_a great_a charge_n and_o therefore_o necessary_o to_o be_v send_v by_o sea_n in_o my_o opinion_n you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o impart_v these_o thing_n to_o your_o friend_n and_o to_o let_v i_o know_v his_o final_a resolution_n upon_o they_o the_o which_o shall_v be_v faithful_o accomplish_v by_o i_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n i_o will_v get_v he_o a_o perfect_a and_o full_a answer_n upon_o all_o his_o quere_n not_o from_o dr._n d._n who_o i_o dare_v trust_v no_o more_o in_o this_o business_n have_v find_v he_o guilty_a of_o such_o gross_a mistake_n about_o it_o but_o from_o that_o other_o gentleman_n who_o tell_v i_o he_o can_v himself_o resolve_v most_o of_o those_o question_n but_o that_o for_o to_o be_v the_o sure_a he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o confer_v first_o with_o his_o farmer_n about_o it_o you_o make_v apology_n for_o put_v i_o upon_o these_o inquery_n but_o i_o pray_v you_o to_o believe_v that_o at_o any_o time_n i_o shall_v most_o ready_o and_o cheerful_o perform_v any_o service_n that_o shall_v lie_v in_o my_o power_n for_o you_o or_o any_o of_o your_o friend_n for_o your_o sake_n and_o i_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v troublesome_a any_o thing_n that_o you_o require_v of_o i_o when_o as_o continual_o i_o put_v you_o to_o so_o much_o trouble_v myself_o the_o last_o answer_n concern_v lucern_n the_o information_n about_o the_o lucern_n that_o i_o have_v get_v from_o my_o friend_n be_v a_o very_a particular_a one_o and_o contain_v a_o very_a full_a answer_n to_o all_o the_o question_n propound_v by_o your_o friend_n be_v such_o as_o follow_v it_o require_v a_o rich_a ground_n but_o somewhat_o loose_a and_o light_n so_o as_o a_o stiff_a clay_n and_o such_o other_o tough_a ground_n be_v nowaye_n fit_a for_o it_o the_o ground_n must_v not_o be_v over-dry_a nor_o over-moist_a but_o in_o a_o mean_a yet_o somewhat_o more_o incline_v to_o moisture_n then_o to_o the_o contrary_n it_o must_v be_v plough_v three_o time_n the_o first_o time_n in_o october_n and_o the_o second_o and_o three_o towards_o the_o spring_n natural_o it_o do_v not_o love_v dung_n and_o come_v much_o better_a in_o a_o ground_n that_o be_v sufficient_o rich_a of_o itself_o then_o that_o which_o have_v be_v enrich_v by_o dung_v and_o where_o dung_n be_v make_v use_n of_o it_o must_v be_v very_o stale_a and_o well_o rot_v and_o long_o before_o the_o sowing-time_n it_o can_v endure_v the_o cold_a and_o therefore_o must_v not_o be_v sow_v till_o rhe_n cold_a weather_n and_o all_o the_o danger_n of_o it_o be_v quite_o past_a viz._n about_o the_o beginning_n or_o midst_n of_o april_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o corn_n that_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v require_v so_o as_o only_o one_o bushel_n of_o lucern_n be_v to_o be_v sow_v on_o that_o space_n of_o ground_n which_o will_v require_v 6._o bushel_n of_o corn._n it_o must_v be_v careful_o weed_v especial_o in_o the_o beginning_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v take_v the_o more_o firm_a root_n some_o oat_n must_v be_v mix_v with_o it_o but_o in_o a_o very_a small_a proportion_n it_o be_v to_o be_v cut_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o flower_n which_o in_o the_o hot_a country_n provence_n languedock_n and_o spain_n it_o do_v 5._o or_o 6._o time_n and_o some_o year_n 7._o or_o 8._o time_n in_o a_o summer_n but_o in_o this_o climate_n it_o use_v to_o be_v cut_v twice_o a_o year_n about_o the_o end_n of_o june_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o septemb_n be_v cut_v it_o must_v be_v turn_v very_o oft_o that_o it_o may_v dry_v the_o soon_o and_o be_v carry_v off_o the_o ground_n the_o soon_a that_o 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principal_o to_o cow_n to_o who_o it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a if_o too_o plentiful_o give_v then_o to_o any_o other_o cattle_n after_o the_o last_o cut_n you_o may_v let_v your_o cattle_n graze_v on_o your_o lucern-field_n and_o that_o all_o winter_n long_o until_o the_o beginning_n or_o middle_n of_o march._n of_o once_o sow_v you_o will_v have_v your_o meadow_n continue_v good_a for_o 10._o or_o 12._o year_n and_o until_o 15._o and_o afterward_o too_o it_o will_v still_o continue_v to_o bear_v but_o the_o herb_n will_v then_o notable_o decay_v in_o goodness_n wherefore_o it_o be_v best_o to_o turn_v it_o
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