Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	acre_n	call_v	pasture_n	1,581	5	11.1678	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A01017	Feudigraphia The synopsis or epitome of surueying methodized. Anatomizing the whole corps of the facultie; viz. The materiall, mathematicall, mechanicall and legall parts, intimating all the incidents to fees and possessions, and whatsoeuer may be comprized vnder their matter, forme, proprietie, and valuation. Very pertinent to be perused of all those, whom the right, reuenewe, estimation, farming, occupation, manurance, subduing, preparing and imploying of arable, medow, pasture, and all other plots doe concerne. And no lesse remarkable for all vnder-takers in the plantation of Ireland or Virginia ... Composed in a compendious digest by W. Folkingham. G.	Folkingham, W. (William)	1610 (1610)	STC 11123; ESTC S102453	47,378	98

bound with Gum-water very thinne and bodilesse And it shal not be amisse to pounce the ground with a Stainsh Graine of burnt Allome and a double quantity of pounded Rossin both finely fearced and lightly pummiced thereby to preserue the Paper or Parchment from thorowe-piercing with the Colours Compartiments are Blankes or Figures bordered with Anticke Boscage or Crotesko-woorke wherein Euidences or other Memorables may be abreuiated And these may bee contriued in Parallelograms Squares Circles Oualls Lunaries or other mixt or voluntary proportions compassed and tricked ad libitū Vnder this Title may also be rainged the Lordes-Coate with Crest and Mantells And these Compartiments with the Scale Carde and Kalender must bee bestowed in couuenient spare and voide places CHAP. VII HItherto of Mensuration Content in generall is Couchant and Crescent The Couchant is either Superficiall or Solid The first is of Land Water Board Glasse and all Surfaces and Figures But before wee come to entreat of the Areas of Figure it is not immateriall to enumerate how this Superficiall Content is diuersly distinguished for Land as into Pearches Daies-woorkes Roodes Acres Oxegangs Yard-lands Plow-lands Hydes There be also other quantities of Land taking their denominations from our vsual Coine as Fardingdeales Obolates Denariates Solidates Librates Foure square Pearches make a Daies worke 10. Daie-workes a Roode or Stong 4. Roodes an Acre The Fardingdeale or Farundell Quadrantata terrae signifies a Roode or ¼ of an Acre so that if Obolata D●nariata Solidata and Librata doe arise in proportionable graduation from Quadrantata as the moneyes do increase in valuable Estimate then must the Obalat be ½ Acre the Denariat an Acre the Solidat 12. acres the Librat 240. vide Crompton lurisd and Regist Origin .1 But we read Viginti libratas terrae vel reditus in Fitzh .87 and Regist Orig. 49. and 248. importing it séemes so much land as yéeldes 20. s. per annum So you shall read further 249. Regist Centum Solidatas terrarum tenementorum redituum But for Roodes and Acres they differ in Content according to the power of the extent or lineall Fall of the Pearch Potentia rectae est quadratum Et dupla ratione quadrupla proportione Yet the Surueyor whether he be imployed in Woodland or Champion in the Forrest of Shéere-Wood where the Acre containes aboue 2 ¼ of Statute Acres in Corne-wal where it amounts almost to 140. acres or elsewhere howsoeuer Customes haue accrewed must make his Computation by the standard Notwithstanding that the Lords Demaines as appeares by auncient Surueys haue béene measured by the 20. foote Pole called Maior Mensura and the Customary lands by a Pole called Mensura Minor viz. 16. ½ though some claime 18. foote· So the French Arpent or Acre containing 100. square Poles is laid-out in th'admeasurement of woodes by the 22 foot Pole this is called the Kings Arpent their other lands are computated by the Pole of 20. 19 ⅓ or 18. foot Poles The Oxe-gang or Oxengate according to Skene called Bouata terrae containes after the originall repute 13. acres but we find it more or lesse as the custom of the place inures and Bouata is properly vsed of Lands in Gainour viz. vsually plowed Foure Oxe-gangs of land extend to a Pound-land Librata terrae of old extent The Yard-land Virgata terrae siue quatrona terrae varies from 20 24 30 acres M. Lamberd and it is not reputed in Demesne but in Gainor as are also fodi●a minera mercatus A plow-Plow-land or Carue of land Carucata terrae that is quantū aratrum arare potest in nouali tempore is said to containe 4 Yard-land at 30 acres to the yard-Yard-land A Hide of Land Hida or Hilda terrae is saide to be such a portion of land as may be tilled with one teame according to the seuerall tilthes and seasons in a yéere and a day and so Crompton and the Author of the new Tearmes affirme it to be 100 acres by statute therby confound Hida with Carucata or make them little different Others say that euery Hide of land containes 4 Plow-land at 120 acres and 4 Hides a Knights Fée A Knights Fée Feudum Militare is so much Inheritance as is sufficient yearely for the maintenance of a Knight and his competent retinewe with conuenient reuenewe which in the time of H. the 3. was 15 pound but Sir Thomas Smith Repub. Anglorum rateth it at 40 pounds per annum But for the quantity of land M. Camden recordes it to be 680 acres or 800 acres After some computations it containes 5 Hydes of land each Hyde 4 Yard-land at 24 acres In the Dutchie of Lancaster a Knights Fée contains 4 Hydes of land each Hyde 4 Plow-land each Plow-land 4 yard-land at 30 acres amounting to 1920 acres Two Knights Fées make a Cantred 2 Cantreds ½ and ⅙ make a Barony one Barony and ½ makes an Earledome viz. 38400 acres But though these proportions of land doe not alwaies hold with their titles of honour yet their denominations continue the originall institution and howsoeuer they be dismembred quoad quantitatem yet the right and dignitie is indiuisible insomuch as if a Capitall Messuage be Caput Comitatus vel Baroniae it may not be parcelled And the Reliefe depends vpon the dignity rather then the quantity after the first allotment viz. 100 s for a Knights Fée 100 Marks for a Barony and an 100 pounds for an Earledome Mag. Chart. But to returne to the finding out of the Areaes of Figures CAP. VIII FIgures with their Calculations for superficiall contents may be thus rainged To areate Figures 1. Multiply the perpendicular in the demibase vel Contra. 2. From the mediatie of the sides vnited subduct each side seuerally eradicate the ductat of the said mediatie and remainders Ramus Multiply the length by the breadth Idem lib. 11.6 Square the latus Idem l. 12.23 Multiply the semiperipherie by the perpendicular from the Center to the midst of one side Idem 19.1 1. Multiply the Radius in the semiperipherie Idem 19.2.1 2. Multiply the quadrated Diameter by 11 diuide the product by 14 19.22 Radius by 22 diuide the product by 7 19.22 semiperiphery by 7 diuide the product by 22 19.22 Multiply the Radius in the demi-Arch line 19.4 Turne it to a Sector by proiecting a Radius from each extreame of the Chorde to the Center then woorke vt supra deducting the Triangle Ibidem Adde the Base to the other Areaes Multiply the side in the semiperipherie of the Base 22.10 Multiply the altitude in the periphery of the Base 21.12 In these 2. add Basall Areaes Multiply the diameter in the Circumference Or the Plaines Area by 4. R. 21.5 1 Multiply the Basall Area by 6. 2. Duplicate the squared diameter of the contayning Spheare 3. Triple the square of

the diagonall line 4. Multiply the sides double by the Triple of the side So much for Figure or superficiall Content For Addition Subtraction Multiplication Diuision Reduction Rule of thrée c. in lines or Figures I wil referre them til the next impression which I intend shortly to publish with much inlargement to the more compleat investing of the Arte with due and appropriate Ornaments CHAP. IX THe Content Solid is of Timber Stone and other Bodies or Figurates whereof a touch in briefe Multiply the perpendicular in ⅓ of the Basall Area R. 27.71 Multiply the perpendicular in the Basall Area 27.6 1 Cube the crassitude Or multiply it in the Basal Area 3. Or the Axis in the squared diagonall line Or the superficies in ⅙ of the altitude 1 Multiply the diameters Cube by 11. diuide the product by 21. Ramus 26.5 2. Multiply the superficies in ⅙ of the diameter Lesse then ½ Subtract the altitude from the semidiameter multiply the Remainder by the Area of the circular base deduct the product from the semidiameter and conuexe sphericall superficies multiplyed together and diuide the remainder by 3. More then ½ subtract the semidiameter frō th'altitude multiply the remainder by the Area of the circular base add the product to the semidiameter and convexe Sphericall superficies multiplyed together and diuide the totall by 3. To retriue the mutuall proportion of Cubes or Gloabs Cube the seuerall Cubes sides or Gloabes diameters Multiply the Contents giuen by the Cube of the Figurate sought diuide the product by the Cube of the knowne Figurate And so much for Content Couchant Of Content Crescent in a woord CHAP. X. THe Crescent Content is of Increases renewing at seuerall seasons and thence the denominations of Aestiuall and Brumall are deriued The first is of Corne Hay Line Hempe Rapes Woade Fruite Sommer-Herbage c. The second is of Mastage Edge-grouth Winter-Herbage c. In these Contents and Increases it is remarkeable to Recorde their Productions both in kind and proportion as what and how much Grasse Graine and other Growthes are vsually reaped vpon an Acre how many Cattell such a Plot will Winter and Sommer féed or kéepe c. And this shall suffice for Proportion THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEY METHODIZED SECTION III. Capitulating the Natures and Incidents to Possessions Tenures Landes Titles Fees Discents Tenants c. CHAP. I. HItherto of the Essentiall Parts the Accidentall Parts incident to Possessions are comprehended vnder Propriety and Valuation The Propriety of Possessions intimates their particular state and condition and may be deuided into Vocall and Euidential Vocall Propriety denotates the Properties of particulars by due Appellation which is either Nominate or Cognominate The first is deriued from the Kinde and Species of the Particulars and that either Generall as Vp-land and Maritime Woodland and Champion Molland and fen-Fen-land Or Speciall as Wealdes Woulds Plaines Downes Vales Vallies Mountaines Fels Hilles Bogs Bathes Spawes Mosses Loughs Moores Fennes Woodes Copses Heathes Marshes Meddowes Pasture Arable The Second deduces deriuation from Forme Site Climate Obiect Season Person Action or other circumstance as Harpe-Close Mountacute Gilden-Vale Diffrin Cluyd Salisbury Plaine West-woodes Vale of Belvoir Lammas Pasture Bel-Acre Beaumeade Nightingale Lane Lough Erno So much for the Vocall Proprietie of Possessions CAHP. II. EVidentiall Proprietie decyphers the qualities and attributes coincident to the Possident and Possession and in the processe hereof the Legall part of Suruey is most eminent In the Possident or Feudatarie his Title and Discent must be intimated His Title respects either Dignitie of Birth or Calling Or Right of Possession Title of Dignitie as King Prince Duke Arch-Bishop Bishop Abbot Prior Marquesse Earle Vicount Baron Knight Esquire Gentleman Yeoman Artificer Labourer Right of Possession may be deuided into perpetuall and Terminall Perpetuall is either Allodium or Feudum Allodium is an entire propertie and perpetuall Right in Possessions without dependance and this is proper solely to the King in Right of his Crowne And all the Crowne land within this Realme in the daies of the Saxon King Edward the Confessor are called Auncient Demesne Kitch 98. Booke Tit. Demesne And these Landes in the generall Suruey called Doomes-day Booke made according to Geruasius Tilburensis and Ingulfus in the time of William the Conquerour remaining in the Exchequer are amongst others recorded vnder the Title of Terra Regis Fitzh inferres 13. and 14. Na. Br. that no landes are to be accounted Auncient Demaine but such as are held in Socage All other Landes within the Realme are called Frank-Fée Feudum Francum seu liberum which is defined to be a Tenure in Fée-simple of landes pleadable at the Common-law in opposition to the other whose tenents cannot be impleaded out of the L. Court Feudum is that which is held of a superiour by Seruice Rent or both Or Feudum or Fée is a Right consisting in the person of the true heire or of some other that by iust Title hath purchased or acquired the same vide Bracton And this is alwaies diriued either Immediately or Mediately from the Crowne The first is where the Fée resides stil in the first Feoffée The other is where the Kings Feudataries doe againe enfeoffée others The French terme the first of these Feifz and the other Arrierfiefz Feudum is either Fée-simple or Fée-taile Fée-simple is an absolute seisure to the Feudatarie and his heires for euer And though many Feudists doe holde that Feudatarius hath not an entire property in his Fée I may not conclude vpon Iacobutius his insinuated probabilities that these Fées or some of them were at their first creation temporary and not perpetuall and hereditary Tantum aevi longinqua valet solidare vetustas Fée-taile or Fée Expectant is a conditionall seizure to the Feudatary and his heires with limitation and is either Generall or Speciall General is where a man is seized of land to himselfe and the heires of his body for euer Speciall where the man and his wife are seized of lands to themselues and the heires of their two bodies The nature of this Fée is implyed by the signification of the word Talliatum which the Normans make Tailler and in Latine it is as much as Scindere so this Feodum or Ius Talliatum doth abscinde and cut-off the before-General successions restraining them to the particular Heires of Families yet the locall possessions are vsuall trans-ferred from one family to another but Dignities whether Datiue or Natiue are therewith neither conferred nor auferred Terminall Right is either an Estate for life as the Dowagers Grauntées for life c. Or for Yeares as by Lease Mortgage c. And in respect of these and other seueral Rights the Tenant is diuersly taken and vnderstood and implies aswell the Feudatary or Owner as the Farmor

particular respect to their Reuenewes and Reprises CHAP. I. THE Valuation of Possessions consists in the due Estimate and Prizall of all Parts and Particulars Essentially and Accidentally thereunto belonging And to the exact performance hereof both the Materiall and Legall Parts are very requisite This Valuation is either Reiterant or Determinant Reiterant Valuation depends vpon the exact knowledge both of the Reuenewes and Reprises Vnder Reuenewes or Esplees after Ingham I comprehend all and singular Rents Seruices Issues and profits accrewing and renewing to the Feudist or Possident by through or by reason of Fées and Possessions And these Reuenewes may be said to be Conuentuall and Incident Conuentuall Reuenewes comprize al Rents both in Esse and in Posse Rents in Esse are Receipts certaine or couenanted and payable at daies and termes limited and they are either Proper or Improper Rents Proper whether Rent-seruice Rent-charge or Rent-Secke may be for Landes tenements Pasture Engines Mils Mines Quarries Warrens Fishing Fowling Wood-sayles Heath Furse Turbarie Mastage of Béech Oake Holme c. Herbage Broovage c. And Rent-Prouision as Beifes Muttons Venison Fish Fowle Graine and other voluntarie reseruations vpon graunts or estates for liues or yeres Rents Improper are where of an vncertaine and casual commodity a certaine Rent or Receipt is by contract created raised as for Licences Swan-markes Profits of Faires Markets Courts Customes Tollage Pontage Caiage Cranage Ferriage Boonage c. Conuentuall Reuenewes in Posse are all issues and aduantages arising of Possessions not demised though Rentable and therefore necessarily valueable by Estimate as Demaine-Landes Timber Manuells Wasts c. CHAP. II. INcident Reuenewes are either profitable as Perquisites or Parallels to profits Perquisites may be diuided into Renouant and Dormant Renouant Perquisites are Accrewments acquired by Increase and Casualty Increase comprehends all profits deriued from the Pregnance and Production of the Earth Of the first sort are Stones Metalline Oares and Mineralles vt supra Of the second sort are Wines Pirry Cider Hony Waxe Bombace Raw-silkes Hops Sumach Pitch Tarre Campheire Opponax Taccamahacca Caranna Masticke and other Gums Likewise Drugs as Mechoacan Kermez Methium Alkanet Agaricke Amber-Gréece Acacia Lignum Aloes Sassafras Spikenard Rubarbe Also Muske Ciuet Ben Beniamin Castoreum Cantarides Cocheneil with other Simples Fruite Rootes And Furres as Armins Sables Minivers Lewzernes Martins Beauers c. By Casualty are intended all duties and seruices that be Appurtenant and Appendant to a Manour whether it be Capitall or Non-Capitall Vnder Appurtenants may be rainged all Royalties Prerogatiues Iurisdictions Franchises Priuiledges Liberties Seruices Customes c. And all emoluments and aduantages deriueable from them Perquisites of Courts as Pleas Fines Amerceaments Heriots Seruice Custome Couenant Releifes Aydes Farewels Waiues Estraies Deodands goods of Felons and Fugitiues by speciall graunt cōmorant in the Manour Forfeitures Escheates Wards in Non-age Idiocy Lunacy Marriages Villaines Treasure-Troue Warrens of Birds Conies Hares Commons of Pasture Turbary Piscarie c. Appendant are Hospitalls Patronages of Churches and Benefices Valuable not in contriuing commodities by Church-Chaffering but equiualent in validitie by reason of the priuiledge of electing or presenting a worthy Clarke who must be Idoneus to succéede and supply the vacancie of the Church Also Common of Fishing of Estouers of Vicinage Dormant Perquisites are such things as are euer prest and ready at the instant commaund and pleasure of the Lord as Villaines Neifes which are alwayes saide to be Regardant to a Manour And to this place may also be indifferently referred Salt Naturall Sande Grauell Marle Earth and such other thinges as are alwaies disposeable by the Possident for deriuing an immediate profit or Reuenewe So much for Perquisites Parallels ensue CAP. III. BY Parallels I intend all pursuites of wilde Game which for moderate exercise of the body and delight full refection of the minde are held in priuate estéeme of Pursuite or in valueable validity of the Purchase of the Pray equiualent to profitable Accrewments And they are either Generous as Hunting and Hawlking Or Plebeious as Fishing and Fowling It is therefore not impertiment to the purpose to intimate what seuerall Games are vsually found within the Precincts and Priuiledges of the Plot or Fée and how the Countrie is accommodated for Chace View Flight c. For Hunting Record what Beasts of the Forrest there be and how frequent as the Hart the Hinde the Hare the Boare the Woolfe Of the Chace Buckes Does Foxes Martrones Roes In like manner what Beauers Badgers Otters Wilde-Cats First for Hawlking Fowles of Warren as Fesant and Partridge then the Elke bustard Heron Mallard Ducke Teale Heath-Cocke Rayle Rock-doue Pie Black-bird Thrush Fishing is either in Fresh-waters as for Samon Trout Carpe Pike Manat Breame Barbell Tench Perch Cheuin Dace Roach Ruffin Eeles Lampreys Gudgeon Minnowes Crea-fish Or in Seas and other Salt-waters for the Sturgion Turbot Porpuis Seale Bret Tunie Holibut Mullet Rochet Gurnets Gilt-heade Base Dorce Macheril Whiteing Hering Haddock Thornbacke Codfish Kéeling Hake Dog-fish Horne-fish Conger Lampson Bowman Soles Playce Buts the Lobstar Crabbe Pearle-fish Prawne Sea and Wood Torteise Oysters Conchyles Winkles Purples Cutle Callough Cockles Muskles Shrimps Also for the Sea-Pike Carpe Troute Breame Tench Fowling may be for the Bittour Curlewe Mallard Pyntayl Stockard Duck Teal Snipe Shouelar Stork Cormorant Gaunt Sheldrake Cob Oliue Puffin Pewet Yarwhelpe Redshank Ruffe or Reue the Godwit Gnat-snap Knot Gray Gréene and Bastard Plouer Quaile Dottrill May-Chit Spawe Churre Péeper Grindle Skirwingle Sea and Land Larkes The Crane Storke Cocke of the Wood Wood-Cocke Heath-Cocke Heath-Poote Grouse Turtill with which the Cuckow and Owle may for their delicatie bée rancked then the Estridge Birdes of Paradise Canary Birdes Parrots c. Likewise for Hawlkes as the Falcon Ierfalcon Tercel-gentle Lanar Lanaret Leto Ierkin Saker Sakret Marline Hobby And short winged Hawlkes as the Gosse-Hawlke and Spare-Hawlke And this may suffize for Reuenewes It Rests now to intreat of Reprises CHAP. IIII. REprises are impositions and duties whereunto the Plot or Fée is in peculiar lyable and they are Reall and Personall Reall Reprises are al Charges and payments imposed whether by Custome or by Couenant for maintenance or repaire of Bridges Sea-banckes Hauens Sluces Ietties Wharfes Goates Causeyes Waies c. And in this Rancke may be Marshalled al Resolutes Dechashes Decrements Personall Reprises are Seruices Duties and Payments by Tenure to the Lord or Lordes Mesn or Paramount as Fealty Homage Escuage c. Court-suite Out-Rents Boonage Fines Heriots Reliefes Respight of Homage c. Or by Graunt or Déed to Couenantées as Rent-Charge Extents Pentions Portions Fées Corrodies Salaries Stipends Dowres Annuities c. to Diuines Artists Linguists Lawyers Patentées Feoffées Seruitors Officers c. Valuation Reiterant is thus decyphered The Determinant remaines CHAP.

FEVDIGRAPHIA THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEYING METHODIZED Anatomizing the whole Corps of the Facultie Viz. The Materiall Mathematicall Mechanicall and Legall Parts Intimating all the Incidents to Fees and Possessions and whatsoeuer may be comprized vnder their Matter Forme Proprietie and Valuation Very pertinent to be perused of all those whom the Right Reuenewe Estimation Farming Occupation Manurance Subduing Preparing and Imploying of Arable Medow Pasture and all other Plots doe concerne And no lesse remarkable for all Vnder-takers in the Plantation of Ireland or Virginia for all Trauailers for Discoueries of forraine Countries and for Purchasers Exchangers or Sellers of Land and for euery other Interesse in the Profits or Practise deriued from the compleate SVRVEY Of Manours Lands Tenements Edifices Woods Waters Titles Tenures Euidences c. Composed in a compendious Digest by W. FOLKINGHAM G. Quae prosunt singula multa iuvant LONDON Printed for Richard Moore and are to be solde at his shop in Saint Dunstanes Church-yard in Fleete-streete 1610. ¶ The Contents of the foure Sections of the Art of Surueying The first Section INtreateth of the Materialls of Possessions of the diuersities of Earthes Waters Quarries Mines of the Crusts and Investures of Grounds with their peculiar Subduing Manuring and Imploying of fitting seuerall sorts of Graine Hearbes Rootes Plants with Plots of Conuenient Temper and appropriate Layer of the Natures and kindes of Marle and Compost of Ground-Plots and Edifices The second Section Sheweth the Situation Residence and lying of Grounds suiting their seuerall Tempers their Boundage and Neighbourage with markeable obseruations arising from the same the Measuring Calculation Plotting and Proiection of Lines Figures Bodies Buildings the Tricking of Plots and Maps with Colours Characters Charts and other Complements The third Section Intimateth the Natures and Proprieties of Possessions Tenures Seruices Titles Rights Fees Immunities Discents and other Incidents The fourth Section Demonstrateth how Lands and Possessions are valueable in respect of their seuerall Issues Rents Perquisites Priuiledges and other Accrewments and Reuenueables duely regarding their Reprises The Marshalling and digesting of the whole Suruey contriuing of Field-Entries in Rough-books Engrossing of the Exemplificatiōs the Surueying and abbreuiating of Deedes Composing of Terrars Rentals Particulars c. ❧ To the Right Honourable and most Noble Lord WILLIAM Lord Compton Baron of Compton Nestors yeeres with the felicitie of both Worldes TO deriue my inducements Right Honourable of Dedicating these shallow Deseignes vnto a Mecaenas of such Supereminence from Presidents of worthy witts and particular Obligees to eminent Patrons my Fortunes haue not so auspiciously endeared me their happy Fauourite But the Vniuersall concurrence of good Hearts with hearty zeale from the Verge of a vaste extent in the Center of true affectionated praise of your worth and prayers for your weale hath hasted haled-on the whole Current of my affections to runne with the Generall Concurse of vnfained welwillers to congratulate your Lordships hopefull and happie Consolidations For such and so manifold are those worthy Attributes of accomplished Amplitude and magnified Merits dimayning from the sacred Source of true Nobility that they haue euen winged my feruent Desires more animated with self-approument of deuote sinceritie then amazed with myrrors of Magnificence to the consecrating of these my prest Deseignemēts to your Honourable Patrocinie But if such Motiues bee incompetent to giue due Colour of excuse to Intrusions so exorbitant I beseech your Lordship giue me leaue to flee to the prostrate Plea of praying your gracious Indulgence for my rude Presume in daring from the remote Nadir of obscurity to eleuate the flaggie Wing of so weake a Pineon towards the Zenith of Perfection the mark and Pitch for Skie-towring Faulcons whose Quills imped with strong Sarcells of the Grace of Greatnes are inlisened and inhabled to transcende and climbe-aboue the mistie Vapours that cloude and Eclipse all Flights which peirce not to the Welkin of the Worthies For who sees not that Heroes Gods Vice-gerents can dignifie euen the inglorious Groome giue such Glosse and Tincture to home-made Statuaes as shal attract the Eye of wonder to magnifie the potent Artists for refining remoulding their now new creatures as well as with the Touch-stone of refined knowledge detrud banish all Deseignes disfurnisht of true due self-worth from the Confines of high Repute But least in labouring with invulgar Ingredients to palate an ill seasoned Seruice I should by tedious and vnrelished Tearmes impart a worse distaste I will screw-vp this Key with the prostrate sacring of my selfe and my poore Endeauours at the Shrine of your gracious Clemencie And so euer wishing vnto your Honour the happie fruition of vnconfined Felicity I rest now and euer London at the White Hart in Cheape-side Iunij 6. 1610. Your Lordships humbly deuoted W. Folkingham To the Beneuolent and iudicious READER SHould I insist vpon tedious Appologies for due approuement of the Faculty of Surueying impugned by the vulgar and shallow Disputes of refractorie Opposites which absurdly transferring their hard Imputations against it from the faulty and defectiue Abuse to the iust and lawfull Vse of the same doe most iniuriously and vniustly traduce and scandalize this vnblameable Arte all her Agents 't is hazard but I should heare of Mindaes Cynical Memento if I incurred no harder a Censure It is a World to see the sottish pressures vrged against the admeasuring of land yet the Vse of Ponderous and Concaue Measures both Dry and Liquid are no lesse commendable than Common in venting of Wares and Merchandize and what greater iniquity in the vsing admeasurements in Grounds than in Graine Cloath and Stuffes were retailed by the yard when a sumptuous Potentate might be hosed for 3 shillings which now will scarce hose a frugall Peasant Bilanx est arbiter aequus the Hand may faile in certaintie of Poize and the Eye in Randon sans Rule but the Beame and Chaine balke no Truthes nor blaunch Vn-truthes the Empirick or the Methodist which is the better Phisician Take away Number Weight Measure you exile Iustice and reduce and haile-vp from Hell the olde and odious Chaos of Confusion Priuate Intelligencers intimating by their roaued Aymes at Quantities and Qualities vnder-hand and sinister informations abuse the Lessor wrong the Lessee where the iust and iudicious Feudigrapher who aymes at competent Improuements sans pressure of the Feudatarie or oppressure of the Fermor duly and discreetly obseruing all particulars incident to the Plot certifies a true Relation by the Leuel-draught of whose impartiall Parallels may be produced that Meane in Rating of Estimates which the due Port of men of Place and Eminence no way supportable Rebus sic stantibus with Reuenewes of former Ages doth most iustly challenge What should I speake of scanted Estimates of Acres exacted from ouer-awed Tenants or rated by positiue Will of the Ouertures of scandall raised against Surueyors by the Owners concealing of failing Contents or vouching of Validities and Extents

aboue the Record of letting by Port-saile aduanced by prepared out-bidding Competitors of parcelling forth engrossed lands to Vnder-tenants at intollerable Termes of Riot Pride Plenty of People Coyne though confined to a few Cofers with high-enhaunced Rates of all Commodities who is so Owle-eyed that sees not that the extending of Rents doth necessarily dimaine from these and the like causes Yet Tenancies I cannot gaine-say are too oft tendered to too-Racking Valuations the Reciprocall Regard in some is Choyse to take by Racke or leaue a Packe and it is so ordinary with too many Land-lords like absolute Lords and Allodists of their Lands within the Verge at least á superis ad inferos Fundum hastae subijcere the frequencie of the practize growes familiar And for Feudataries who sees not how much they faile of true agnizing their due dependance vpon Mesne Lords sith Feudum comprehending Fealty at least which obliges Per sacramentū sub pena foris facturae Feodi is Res Clientelaris neuer deuolues to the Successor sans original Burthens imposed by him which had Nouel Fee howsoeuer they now slight their Lords and amoundre their Obligence Sed haec parerga and to Rectifie such irregularities the Field requires a better Champion in the meane time let euery one for his owne particular propose vnto himselfe the entertainment of a good conscience For this Tractate I am not so arrogant to magnifie nor so vnnatural to vilifie my own issue though I could retriue Centuries of Defects but leaue it to thy fauourable Censure crauing withall thy courteous tolleration of my new-coyning of some Words with the Reuiuing of the obsolete and Endenizing of Forraine sith without such priuiledge an indigested Chaos of Principles and Conclusions cannot ex nouo ex facili be concisely contriued into a Methodicall Arte. For any vaine-glorious Geodetor which makes base Detraction the Trumpet to rumour and emblason his selfe-boasted perfections so with facility to purchase or rather fore-stall the Palme of Repute Ore Dente petat naso suspenso huiusmodi effundat Scommata Quam lepidè lexeis compostae vt tesserulae omnes Arte pauimento atque Emblemate vermiculato What curious-quaint Emellishments diffuse Musaick-Mazes-Marquetrizing Muse Susque deque fero who can be secured from base carping Blatancie But wherevnto tendes this precise particularizing of Plots Layers Pregnances Productions c. when an Arte-lesse Agent can by famed Name and absolute power to dispose with the bare vouch of the generall goodnesse of the Ground sans ground of Reason or Possibility haile on the poore Pesant to Farme and Fine according to the braue boast of his roauing Esteemes absurd Ostentations which he daignes not nor dare they vrge by any rationall instances to make probable I ayme not at the Racke nor the Slack the qualified Meane is the Maine of my Marke and to extunde and beat-out this true Proportion I obserue the Circumstances proiected let peremptorie Agents balke instance barre Reply and Racke sans Rule and Reason it behoues an honest and faithfull Feudigrapher by infallible Principles warrantable Demonstrations to approue himselfe an intelligent and diligent-Improuer not a senselesse and arrogant Impostor and what warrant more current than Knowledge founded vpon the industrious search and serious obseruations intimated or rather glaunced at in this Epitome But least too large Gates should promise a faire Plat-forme of a spatious Towne hauing thus borrowed leaue to wade into the shallow Foordes of the Faculty I will leaue the Profundities to be sounded with a Plumbe-line of more Poize and Fadomes Helpringham neere to Folkingham the second of Februarie 1609. Velle pro Posse Thine W. F. The Author to his Feudigraphia WHen thus I had by peice-meale paines compilde Of diuers Elements thy slender Bulkes I deem'de to haue too ominously stylde Thy Name so neere the Pheud of Border-Hulkes That thy abortiue Limbes I rather chose In close concealement from this captious Age To smoother ay than rashly thus t' expose To Pheudists Theonine thy Pusilage But a great Monarch hath those dire Combines Hatcht in the Heart by Sauage Enion Calm'de with a Fame that happily Confines All Opposites to sacred Vnion So wert thou Patroniz'de by Celsitude The Cryticke-Coale should not thy Browes ybrand For Dis-analogies strange strained rude Nor Deviations curious-ill-scande Gaine then O gaine in Lieu of selfe demerit By heart-free Tender with true zeale repleate His grac'de Aspect who truely doth inherit A splendid Fame for worthynes Compleate To daigne the Patronage I humble craue Of Worthy Comptons Noble Family Whose iustly-honourd Names Shield from Depraue Couch rabid Blatants silence Surquedry Then Carping Momus wil be euer-mute And rather Burst with Spleene than vent his Gall The Mainger-Curre nil bawle how-euer brute But crouching fawne or leering voide the Stall Such Grace dimaines from sacred Eminence Ay to suppresse insulting Insolence Et habent sua Fata Libelli THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEY METHODIZED SECTION I. Of the Materials of Possessions the seuerall kinds of Earths Waters Stones Minerals the Crusts and increase of Grounds the peculiar ordering mastering manuring and imploying of seuerall Soyles the due bestowing of Graine Herbs Plants with the diuersitie of Ground-plots and Edifices CHAP. I. SVruey in generall is an Art wherby the view and trutinate intimation of a subiect from Center to Circumference is rectified The Suruey of Possessions the subiect of this Treatise is the Arte by which their Graphicall Description is particularized This Suruey is Symbolized and distinguished into Actiue and Passiue The Actiue may be referred to the Feudigrapher and consists in Operation and Estimation The Operation is Mathematicall and Mechanicall Mathematicall Operation is a part of Suruey by which the dimensions of the Plots propounded are performed Mechanicall Operation is the Manuall acting and proiecting of the workes The Estimation of Possessions is Materiall Legall The Materiall part is conuersant in Estimating the valuations incident to the subiect by relation to the Materials and Elementarie parts of the Plot. The Legall part prescribes Methodicall Iuridiciall confines to the whole course of Suruey and comprehends the Symboliographie or Clarke-ship and penning of the Suruey with the Rectifying of Euidences and Records The seuerall functions of these partes are diffused thorough the whole Processe ensuing And so much for the Actiue part CHAP. II. The Passiue part of Suruey hath reference to Possessions as they consist of parts Essentiall and Accidentall The Essentiall partes comprehend the matter and forme coincident to Possessions The Matter comprises the Elementarie composition and constitution of Possessions and in discussure thereof the Materiall parte is most conuersant The Matter is either Naturall whose state hath admitted of no substantiall alteration other then the hand of Nature hath impressed therein or Artificiall transformed and chaunged from the Natiue and Originall Habite by humane industrie Naturall matter may bee diuided into