Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	acre_n	call_v	parcel_n	1,309	5	11.5972	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A01017	Feudigraphia The synopsis or epitome of surueying methodized. Anatomizing the whole corps of the facultie; viz. The materiall, mathematicall, mechanicall and legall parts, intimating all the incidents to fees and possessions, and whatsoeuer may be comprized vnder their matter, forme, proprietie, and valuation. Very pertinent to be perused of all those, whom the right, reuenewe, estimation, farming, occupation, manurance, subduing, preparing and imploying of arable, medow, pasture, and all other plots doe concerne. And no lesse remarkable for all vnder-takers in the plantation of Ireland or Virginia ... Composed in a compendious digest by W. Folkingham. G.	Folkingham, W. (William)	1610 (1610)	STC 11123; ESTC S102453	47,378	98

bound with Gum-water very thinne and bodilesse And it shal not be amisse to pounce the ground with a Stainsh Graine of burnt Allome and a double quantity of pounded Rossin both finely fearced and lightly pummiced thereby to preserue the Paper or Parchment from thorowe-piercing with the Colours Compartiments are Blankes or Figures bordered with Anticke Boscage or Crotesko-woorke wherein Euidences or other Memorables may be abreuiated And these may bee contriued in Parallelograms Squares Circles Oualls Lunaries or other mixt or voluntary proportions compassed and tricked ad libitū Vnder this Title may also be rainged the Lordes-Coate with Crest and Mantells And these Compartiments with the Scale Carde and Kalender must bee bestowed in couuenient spare and voide places CHAP. VII HItherto of Mensuration Content in generall is Couchant and Crescent The Couchant is either Superficiall or Solid The first is of Land Water Board Glasse and all Surfaces and Figures But before wee come to entreat of the Areas of Figure it is not immateriall to enumerate how this Superficiall Content is diuersly distinguished for Land as into Pearches Daies-woorkes Roodes Acres Oxegangs Yard-lands Plow-lands Hydes There be also other quantities of Land taking their denominations from our vsual Coine as Fardingdeales Obolates Denariates Solidates Librates Foure square Pearches make a Daies worke 10. Daie-workes a Roode or Stong 4. Roodes an Acre The Fardingdeale or Farundell Quadrantata terrae signifies a Roode or ¼ of an Acre so that if Obolata D●nariata Solidata and Librata doe arise in proportionable graduation from Quadrantata as the moneyes do increase in valuable Estimate then must the Obalat be ½ Acre the Denariat an Acre the Solidat 12. acres the Librat 240. vide Crompton lurisd and Regist Origin .1 But we read Viginti libratas terrae vel reditus in Fitzh .87 and Regist Orig. 49. and 248. importing it séemes so much land as yéeldes 20. s. per annum So you shall read further 249. Regist Centum Solidatas terrarum tenementorum redituum But for Roodes and Acres they differ in Content according to the power of the extent or lineall Fall of the Pearch Potentia rectae est quadratum Et dupla ratione quadrupla proportione Yet the Surueyor whether he be imployed in Woodland or Champion in the Forrest of Shéere-Wood where the Acre containes aboue 2 ¼ of Statute Acres in Corne-wal where it amounts almost to 140. acres or elsewhere howsoeuer Customes haue accrewed must make his Computation by the standard Notwithstanding that the Lords Demaines as appeares by auncient Surueys haue béene measured by the 20. foote Pole called Maior Mensura and the Customary lands by a Pole called Mensura Minor viz. 16. ½ though some claime 18. foote· So the French Arpent or Acre containing 100. square Poles is laid-out in th'admeasurement of woodes by the 22 foot Pole this is called the Kings Arpent their other lands are computated by the Pole of 20. 19 ⅓ or 18. foot Poles The Oxe-gang or Oxengate according to Skene called Bouata terrae containes after the originall repute 13. acres but we find it more or lesse as the custom of the place inures and Bouata is properly vsed of Lands in Gainour viz. vsually plowed Foure Oxe-gangs of land extend to a Pound-land Librata terrae of old extent The Yard-land Virgata terrae siue quatrona terrae varies from 20 24 30 acres M. Lamberd and it is not reputed in Demesne but in Gainor as are also fodi●a minera mercatus A plow-Plow-land or Carue of land Carucata terrae that is quantū aratrum arare potest in nouali tempore is said to containe 4 Yard-land at 30 acres to the yard-Yard-land A Hide of Land Hida or Hilda terrae is saide to be such a portion of land as may be tilled with one teame according to the seuerall tilthes and seasons in a yéere and a day and so Crompton and the Author of the new Tearmes affirme it to be 100 acres by statute therby confound Hida with Carucata or make them little different Others say that euery Hide of land containes 4 Plow-land at 120 acres and 4 Hides a Knights Fée A Knights Fée Feudum Militare is so much Inheritance as is sufficient yearely for the maintenance of a Knight and his competent retinewe with conuenient reuenewe which in the time of H. the 3. was 15 pound but Sir Thomas Smith Repub. Anglorum rateth it at 40 pounds per annum But for the quantity of land M. Camden recordes it to be 680 acres or 800 acres After some computations it containes 5 Hydes of land each Hyde 4 Yard-land at 24 acres In the Dutchie of Lancaster a Knights Fée contains 4 Hydes of land each Hyde 4 Plow-land each Plow-land 4 yard-land at 30 acres amounting to 1920 acres Two Knights Fées make a Cantred 2 Cantreds ½ and ⅙ make a Barony one Barony and ½ makes an Earledome viz. 38400 acres But though these proportions of land doe not alwaies hold with their titles of honour yet their denominations continue the originall institution and howsoeuer they be dismembred quoad quantitatem yet the right and dignitie is indiuisible insomuch as if a Capitall Messuage be Caput Comitatus vel Baroniae it may not be parcelled And the Reliefe depends vpon the dignity rather then the quantity after the first allotment viz. 100 s for a Knights Fée 100 Marks for a Barony and an 100 pounds for an Earledome Mag. Chart. But to returne to the finding out of the Areaes of Figures CAP. VIII FIgures with their Calculations for superficiall contents may be thus rainged To areate Figures 1. Multiply the perpendicular in the demibase vel Contra. 2. From the mediatie of the sides vnited subduct each side seuerally eradicate the ductat of the said mediatie and remainders Ramus Multiply the length by the breadth Idem lib. 11.6 Square the latus Idem l. 12.23 Multiply the semiperipherie by the perpendicular from the Center to the midst of one side Idem 19.1 1. Multiply the Radius in the semiperipherie Idem 19.2.1 2. Multiply the quadrated Diameter by 11 diuide the product by 14 19.22 Radius by 22 diuide the product by 7 19.22 semiperiphery by 7 diuide the product by 22 19.22 Multiply the Radius in the demi-Arch line 19.4 Turne it to a Sector by proiecting a Radius from each extreame of the Chorde to the Center then woorke vt supra deducting the Triangle Ibidem Adde the Base to the other Areaes Multiply the side in the semiperipherie of the Base 22.10 Multiply the altitude in the periphery of the Base 21.12 In these 2. add Basall Areaes Multiply the diameter in the Circumference Or the Plaines Area by 4. R. 21.5 1 Multiply the Basall Area by 6. 2. Duplicate the squared diameter of the contayning Spheare 3. Triple the square of

the diagonall line 4. Multiply the sides double by the Triple of the side So much for Figure or superficiall Content For Addition Subtraction Multiplication Diuision Reduction Rule of thrée c. in lines or Figures I wil referre them til the next impression which I intend shortly to publish with much inlargement to the more compleat investing of the Arte with due and appropriate Ornaments CHAP. IX THe Content Solid is of Timber Stone and other Bodies or Figurates whereof a touch in briefe Multiply the perpendicular in ⅓ of the Basall Area R. 27.71 Multiply the perpendicular in the Basall Area 27.6 1 Cube the crassitude Or multiply it in the Basal Area 3. Or the Axis in the squared diagonall line Or the superficies in ⅙ of the altitude 1 Multiply the diameters Cube by 11. diuide the product by 21. Ramus 26.5 2. Multiply the superficies in ⅙ of the diameter Lesse then ½ Subtract the altitude from the semidiameter multiply the Remainder by the Area of the circular base deduct the product from the semidiameter and conuexe sphericall superficies multiplyed together and diuide the remainder by 3. More then ½ subtract the semidiameter frō th'altitude multiply the remainder by the Area of the circular base add the product to the semidiameter and convexe Sphericall superficies multiplyed together and diuide the totall by 3. To retriue the mutuall proportion of Cubes or Gloabs Cube the seuerall Cubes sides or Gloabes diameters Multiply the Contents giuen by the Cube of the Figurate sought diuide the product by the Cube of the knowne Figurate And so much for Content Couchant Of Content Crescent in a woord CHAP. X. THe Crescent Content is of Increases renewing at seuerall seasons and thence the denominations of Aestiuall and Brumall are deriued The first is of Corne Hay Line Hempe Rapes Woade Fruite Sommer-Herbage c. The second is of Mastage Edge-grouth Winter-Herbage c. In these Contents and Increases it is remarkeable to Recorde their Productions both in kind and proportion as what and how much Grasse Graine and other Growthes are vsually reaped vpon an Acre how many Cattell such a Plot will Winter and Sommer féed or kéepe c. And this shall suffice for Proportion THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEY METHODIZED SECTION III. Capitulating the Natures and Incidents to Possessions Tenures Landes Titles Fees Discents Tenants c. CHAP. I. HItherto of the Essentiall Parts the Accidentall Parts incident to Possessions are comprehended vnder Propriety and Valuation The Propriety of Possessions intimates their particular state and condition and may be deuided into Vocall and Euidential Vocall Propriety denotates the Properties of particulars by due Appellation which is either Nominate or Cognominate The first is deriued from the Kinde and Species of the Particulars and that either Generall as Vp-land and Maritime Woodland and Champion Molland and Fen-land Or Speciall as Wealdes Woulds Plaines Downes Vales Vallies Mountaines Fels Hilles Bogs Bathes Spawes Mosses Loughs Moores Fennes Woodes Copses Heathes Marshes Meddowes Pasture Arable The Second deduces deriuation from Forme Site Climate Obiect Season Person Action or other circumstance as Harpe-Close Mountacute Gilden-Vale Diffrin Cluyd Salisbury Plaine West-woodes Vale of Belvoir Lammas Pasture Bel-Acre Beaumeade Nightingale Lane Lough Erno So much for the Vocall Proprietie of Possessions CAHP. II. EVidentiall Proprietie decyphers the qualities and attributes coincident to the Possident and Possession and in the processe hereof the Legall part of Suruey is most eminent In the Possident or Feudatarie his Title and Discent must be intimated His Title respects either Dignitie of Birth or Calling Or Right of Possession Title of Dignitie as King Prince Duke Arch-Bishop Bishop Abbot Prior Marquesse Earle Vicount Baron Knight Esquire Gentleman Yeoman Artificer Labourer Right of Possession may be deuided into perpetuall and Terminall Perpetuall is either Allodium or Feudum Allodium is an entire propertie and perpetuall Right in Possessions without dependance and this is proper solely to the King in Right of his Crowne And all the Crowne land within this Realme in the daies of the Saxon King Edward the Confessor are called Auncient Demesne Kitch 98. Booke Tit. Demesne And these Landes in the generall Suruey called Doomes-day Booke made according to Geruasius Tilburensis and Ingulfus in the time of William the Conquerour remaining in the Exchequer are amongst others recorded vnder the Title of Terra Regis Fitzh inferres 13. and 14. Na. Br. that no landes are to be accounted Auncient Demaine but such as are held in Socage All other Landes within the Realme are called Frank-Fée Feudum Francum seu liberum which is defined to be a Tenure in Fée-simple of landes pleadable at the Common-law in opposition to the other whose tenents cannot be impleaded out of the L. Court Feudum is that which is held of a superiour by Seruice Rent or both Or Feudum or Fée is a Right consisting in the person of the true heire or of some other that by iust Title hath purchased or acquired the same vide Bracton And this is alwaies diriued either Immediately or Mediately from the Crowne The first is where the Fée resides stil in the first Feoffée The other is where the Kings Feudataries doe againe enfeoffée others The French terme the first of these Feifz and the other Arrierfiefz Feudum is either Fée-simple or Fée-taile Fée-simple is an absolute seisure to the Feudatarie and his heires for euer And though many Feudists doe holde that Feudatarius hath not an entire property in his Fée I may not conclude vpon Iacobutius his insinuated probabilities that these Fées or some of them were at their first creation temporary and not perpetuall and hereditary Tantum aevi longinqua valet solidare vetustas Fée-taile or Fée Expectant is a conditionall seizure to the Feudatary and his heires with limitation and is either Generall or Speciall General is where a man is seized of land to himselfe and the heires of his body for euer Speciall where the man and his wife are seized of lands to themselues and the heires of their two bodies The nature of this Fée is implyed by the signification of the word Talliatum which the Normans make Tailler and in Latine it is as much as Scindere so this Feodum or Ius Talliatum doth abscinde and cut-off the before-General successions restraining them to the particular Heires of Families yet the locall possessions are vsuall trans-ferred from one family to another but Dignities whether Datiue or Natiue are therewith neither conferred nor auferred Terminall Right is either an Estate for life as the Dowagers Grauntées for life c. Or for Yeares as by Lease Mortgage c. And in respect of these and other seueral Rights the Tenant is diuersly taken and vnderstood and implies aswell the Feudatary or Owner as the Farmor

or Termer Tenant in the first signification sometimes imports duety of Tenurage as Tenant by Knight-seruice Socage Tenant in Villenage Burgage Frank-Fée Tenens per Catapultam tenens Nativus Sometimes it intimates his Euidence as Tenant by Charter Copie of Court-Roll Verge Somtimes it implies the extent of his estate of right as Tenant in Fée-simple Fée-taile at will of the Lord according to the custome of the Manour or by common Lawe Sometimes it beares relation to the L. of the Fée as Tenant in chiefe very Tenant viz. holding immediatly of his L. Mesn Tenant Parauaile viz. the lowest Tenants most remote from the L. Paramount There is also ioint-tenant sole-tenant tenant in Common Tenant signifying the Termer is diuersified according to the exigence of the efficient causes of Possessions as Tenant in Dowre by Courtesie by Will Lease Copie Extent Elegit Execution Statute Merchant or of the Staple c. And thus much for the Title CHAP. III. DIscent is the deuolution of Possessions deriued to the Heire apparant from his Auncestrie by vnauoidable Right and Succession And this Discent is either of Bloud or of Inheritance Discent of Bloud is either Lineal or Collaterall Lyneal Discent is conueyed downe in a right line from Grand-father Father Sonne Nephew c. And here is produced an Heire Generall Collateral Discent springs foorth of the side of the whole Blood or Kinne as Grand-fathers brother Fathers brother c. And in this case the Heire is saide to be Speciall This Discent of Blood is retriued by deriuage of Pedegrées from Auncestrie by inherent Birth-right and lawfull succession Discent of Inheritance is deduced by deriuing Sequences of Déedes from the Crowne or from him that had Nouell Fée And both these are very requisite to be intimated for the manifestation of the Validities of Estates whether the right dimaine from Heritage or forraigne acquisition And hitherto of the Possident It followes to entreat of the Possessions CHAP. IIII. IN the Possession the Nature and Tenure require to be iudiciously discussed and recorded For the Nature 't is expedient to notifie the Eminence thereof whether Grande as Honours Courts Castels Manours Seignories Forrests Chases Parks Demesnes Or Petty as Graunges Farmes Tenements Messuages Cotages Curtilages Lofts Crofts Commons In both these kinds diligent and particular enquirie must be had of their Incidents by Royalties Prerogatiues Iurisdictions Franchises Priuiledges Liberties Rights c. conferred vpon them by Act of Parliament Statute Charter letters Patents Graunts or acquired and confirmed by custome or prescription Hence comes the Lordship Marcher or Royall vsing iura Regalia Vide Stowe 176. And Forrests haue their Courts of Attachment Swanimote Eyre or Iustice Seate So Markets Faires Court of Pie-Powders for Faires Court-Léete Law-day or View of Franck Pledge Court Baron Also Wrecks Swannage Warrenage Commonage Piseage c. Immunities and Exemptions from Theolonie Pontage Picage Murage Pannage Passage Tranage Lastage Chiminage Stallage Caiage c. of all which Tenentes Honoris Dominij de Richemonde per consu etudinem Angliae sunt quieti per totum Regnum so other Honours haue their Priuiledges as Ampthil Tickhil Follingham c. The Tenants of Manours holding fréely by Charter in ancient Demeisne cannot be impleaded nor empanelled vpon Enquests out of the same Manour and they are Toll-frée for all things concerning their sustenance and husbandrie and exempt from contribution towards the expenses of Knights of the Parliament or Shiere Vid. Fitzh Na. br 14. 128. Infeoffing with Toll implies Fréedome from Custome c. With Caruage from taxation by Carues With Bruckboote from repairing and reedifying of Bridges with Burghboote from the like for Castels Foote-geld implies a Priuiledge to kéepe Dogges within the Forrest not expeditated or lawed sans controule Horne-geld fréedome from taxe for Horne-beasts there Waiues Weifes or waiued goods import all goods and chattels which being stolne are left or forsaken by the thiefe in his fugacie Infangthef enables the L. of the Manour to iudge of Felons enhabiting within the Fée And Vtfangthef to iudge or at least to execute iudgement of Felons apprehended within the Fée For Accrewments to the L. of the Manour by Felons not onely their goods both Reall and Personal are forfaited but also their lands not entailed escheat to the Lord Post annum diem vastum except in Gloucestershiere where the lands reuert to the right heire after the Kings yéere and day Also in the Tenure of Gauelkinde in Kent where the father to the Bough the sonne to the Plough Baronies infeoffed with Theame alias Them haue power to dispose of Villaines their Children goods and Chattels Abishersing alias Mishersing implies both forfaitures and Amerciaments of all transgressions within the Fée and also the immunity from like penalties Blood-wit confers all Amerciaments of Courts for effusion of blood Estouers granted out of Woods or Forrests include House-boote Hay-boote and Plow-boote CAP. V. OF the Nature of Possessions I haue spoken somewhat The Tenure of Lands and Tenements is the manner whereby they are helde of their Lords Grande Cust Cap. 28. In euery Tenure the Confinage Condition therof are remarkable The Confinage shewes to what Lord Honour Castell Manour c. the Seruice and Suitage whereunto the Lands and Tenements are lyable is due The condition intimates the Nature of the seruice or duty which the Tenant by reason of his Fée oweth vnto the Lord. This Seruice is by Hotoman defined to be Munus obsequij clientelaris and this must be of ancient Commencement and continuance sith it is not now erigible or to be created but by the Kings prerogatiue as parcel of a Manour though it may by contract be established in a kinde of Seignorie in Grosse For a Manour is a Seignorie or Dominium consisting of Demesnes and Seruices of long continuance and these may be comprehended vnder parts Essentiall and Accidentall Here note if the Lord so dismember his Manour as that hee leaues not Frée-holders or if all the Frée-holders saue one doe escheate then is hee disabled to kéepe a Court Baron for want of Suitors Land may holde of a Manour by certaine Seruices which may be Parcel of the Manour and the land Non-Parcel but by Escheat the Seruice is extinguisht and the land comes in place and becomes Parcell in due consolidation But forraigne land cannot be vnited to a Manour yet may a Manour be deuided into diuers by Partition of Coparceners Nor can two distinct Manours by practise be made one in perfect Vnion howsoeuer such an innouation continued without contradiction may in processe of time become to be reputed one in name and vse there being no Record extant to the contrarie Yet one Manour holding of an other may by Escheat be annexed to the

V. DEterminant Valuation concludes and determines the Right and Interest of the Possident by Alienation of the Fée or Possession And in this Action sith it is not Reiterable it is expedient to retriue the vtmost Value and worth to which purpose that due prizalls may be produced estimate all particulars both in Reuenew vt supra And also Respectiue as Edifices Heire-Loomes Engines Timber Tinsel Ward-ships Aduowsions Villaines Commons Wasts and other things in Grosse with all Perquisites of like Nature Now by opposing the Estimation of Reprises to the Totall Valuation the Remanet is rectified and the true Value retriued And thus much for the first part of a Compleate Suruey FINIS Briefe directions for orderly marshalling of Surueyes for accommodating of Field-entries in Rough-Bookes for Engrossements and their Exemplifications with framing of Terrars Rentals Custome and Court-Rolls Particulars c. FOr other Instructions and Presidents requisite for methodical operations in Surueying of Lands Euidences with formal Exemplifications incident therevnto I must deferre them till the impression of the Second part In the meane time not altogether to defraud the expectation of the diligent I haue intimated these fewe Inductions ensuing which though they may séeme too cursorie and incompetent to giue full satis-faction and information for the due disposures of the copious remarkables occurrent in a compleat Suruey in fit Symboliographie yet I doubt not but the ingenious Practizer may pick-forth more ample Presidents than may séeme at first viewe to be comprizable in the decurted Passages as well of the former Tractate as of this Supplement To Suruey a Manour Out of the Series and Protasis formerly dilated contriue the Articles suiting the exigence of the Seignorie to be giuen in charge to the Iurie and that in writing for more substantiall and direct procéeding The Tenants both Feudataries and Termors entred the Charge ended and their Estates summarily recorded your Assistants ready and all things prepared procéede to the Suruey describing Plots and noting in a Rough-booke in Folio all occurrents as they fall remarkable And in this practise you are not cōfined to imitate or insist vpon the precedent Protasis or other President nor abridged of a voluntary proposition of any other iudicious Method The alternate Pages may bee delineated into certaine generall and Collaterall Heads for expedition as well of the entries instant as of engrossements to be selected noting all Extrauagants orderly in the appropriate parallel of the opposite Page so shall you auoide diffused accumulations which would confound and puzzle the speciall Head in marshalling forth particular and due contriuances Nor shall it be impertinent to Kalander or Characterize each Modulet of the Ploat with the rough Entrance thereby to facilize and expedite the ingrossements incident in contriuing whereof an indigested Chaos of obseruations would much intricate you in regard the order pursued in perambulation must necessarily be inuerted in the Exemplification Page 1. Tenant and Character Appellation Place Boundage Mensuration Content Improuement       P. a. r. P. l. Hugo Belham E. Hayed M. Tremaine 24 5. 15.2.20 10. Elwood Greene. VV Siewing Th. Dewhurst 25 5.   N. Shawing I. Franckish   Rent Estimate A. East-field S. Shawing C. Gifford 100 l. s. d. l.         7.10.0 150. Page 2. opposite This Pasture is proiected in large Ridges extended and declining South the Soile is a sandy Clay of 18 inches Crust close sworded and well repleate with Trefoiles Cinquefoile Ribwort Morsus Yarrow and other grasing Herbes of good growth with a Dayrie House in the N. W. corner of two good Bayes and a faire Pond 7 pole direct East from the House springing from the West forth of a male grauell the Base of the Soile the Hedge-Rowes are well growne and stored with Peare-trées and Appletrées of good Fruite c. 1. In these entries the Tenant is both expressed and assigned his Modulet with the Character 2. There are opponed Residence Species Habitude Crassitude Inuesture Ground-Plots Edifices Engines tho last 3 must also be plotted Now to Engrosse a compleate Suruey Modulize Alternate Pages and particulate the Opposite with due obseruations and characterize the Euidences To exemplifie the Engrossement without delineation of the Models there is a method to be pursued in the particular Entries according to their Eminences and kindes of Estates and Euidences In Frée-holds Record the Possident Title Possessions Tenure Descent and Reseruation In Copy-holds the Possident Title Possessions Habendum Fine Reseruation In Leases Commencement Parties Demise Habendum Reddendo Couenants In spirituall liuings Site Edifices Glebe Decimals Reprises Valuation Estimate Patronage Incumbent Medowe Pasture Arable require seueral Contents In the Entries of all saue the first the Boundage Extent of Cartelages must-be-recorded In Edifices and Engines their dimensions matter forme and Repaire are remarkable Out of the Exemplification of the whole Composition and Body of the Suruey these subsequents may be selected viz. Terrars Rentals Customaries Suit-Rolls and Particulars and thus framed Digest in orderly composure Edifices Homesteads Curtelages lands ground-plots c. with their qualities sites and proportions Compose in computable digestment all the Tenants with their Tenements and Rents in particular Recorde in fit contriuance all and singular the Customes and Priuiledges of the Manour Inroll all the Feudataries Suiters to the Court with their Fées Tenurage Rents and Seruices Particularize Qualities Contents Rents instant and improueable Perquisites Parallels and other Reuenewables and Respectiues with vendible and distinct Estimates Reduce all Reprises to a due Method and Record the Remanet And for retriuing validities of estates it is not impertinent to deriue the Sequences in Déeds from Auncestrie and thereby to contriue Offices for the Tenure For other the Lords Possessions comprised in the Suruey and reputed no part or member of the Manour they require to be recorded apart in the Infra vnder the Title of Non-Parcels Vizt Churches Chappels Almes-houses c. Also Patronages Villaines Commons Annuities and other particulars helde in Grosse Register all Omissions vnder the title of Memorandums FINIS Errata FOl. 5. line 10. read Pederas f. 12. l 10. r. Male f. 14-l 19. r. Chauning f. 26. l 3. r. Interea f. 36. l. 3. r. Holie Wormewood f. 38. l 23. r. Wound-wort f. 38. l. 25. r. Marish f. 44.16 Cauallirs f. 61. l. vlt Piramides Prismaes wanting in some Copies to be set in the Margent a Feudigraphia imposturà fit Pseudographia Dwarenus Actiue Mathematicall Mechanical Materiall Legall Passiue Essentiall Matter Naturall Earth Species Vulgar Pretious Liquable Salt Alume Bitumen Not-meltable Habitude Composure Base Pregnance Quarries Mines Crust The Crassitude Inuesture Grouth Soils known by their productions Animalia a For bignes strength and fiercenesse Waters Comorant Stagnant Fluent Current Influent Floating Matter cōmunicate Waters Transient Climate Latitude Aire Nature of Waters Cognisance of good Water Aquae Calidae Brynage Repletion Matter Artificiall Tillage Vertilage Deluage Caruage Scaphiage Fictilage Fertilage The Nature of grounds how known Mixture Blacke Red. Compacture found by the stowage Moulding Weight Taste Smell Pulla Cariosa Production Barren layer Characters of rich soyles Enriching Surroundings Bogges Stones Bushes Broome Heath Ferne. Flags Thistles Burres Rushes Mosse Ant-Hils Oates Chearing Cold and moist Hot and drie Brittle Mould Spewing Boggie A Paradox Stiffe-Clay Soal-bound Chapping Denshiring Meddowe Kreatings Sowing of Seedes Sea-sand Ashes Rich Soyles 1. Lime Mault-dust Horne-shauings Burning of Beate 2. Lime Slecked Lime The quantity of Compost The quality Birdes Poultry Doues Ajax Asse Sheepe Neate and Horses Swine Lime Compost Artificiall Optimum Stercus Vegetables Vraic Sata Lupines Saffron Pillers of the soyle Marle Two sortes of Marle Leucargilla Tripela Gliscomargon Capnumargos Pelias The quantity Stony Marls Sandie Marle Intersoilings Waterings The Riuer Nilus Rectifying Sande Graine Barly Rie Beanes Roots Olera Hearbs Trees Sunne Shade Sympathies Composts Peculiar Spiritus Intrabit Seminaria Plantarum erigent vigorem suum Antipathies Chiefe Productions Change of Seede Ground Plotts Adiunct Edifices Engines Forme Situation Primarie Secundarie Selio est terra elata inter duos sulcos Ridges Flats Stitches The best Site Boundage Confrontage Collaterage Compound Remote Degrees Coastage Neighbourage Proportion Lineal Fals. Perches diuers Measures Decimated Cominus Wadding To a Place not in view Eminùs Calculation Proiection Plotting Delineation Plaine-Table Horizontalls Irregulars Generall Plotting 〈◊〉 Archi●●ture Tricking The Flie. Meridian Scale Kalender Colours Arable Meddowes Pasture Heathes Trees Barke Waies Water Sea Compartiments Content Quadrantata Terrae Acrarum diuersitas Mensura Maior Minor Arpent Bouata Terrae Librata Terrae Virgata Terrae Carucata Terrae Hida. Feudum Militare Cantred Baronie Earledome Dignities indiuisible Reliefes of Dignities Superficiall 1. Triangles 2. Parallelograms 3. Squares * 4. Polygonons 5. Circles Sectors Sections Cones Cylinders Globes Cubes or Hexaedrons Solid Pyramides and Cones Prismaes Cylinders Cubes Gloabes Globie Sections Content Crescent Accidentall Partes Proprietie Vocall Nominate Cognominate Evidentiall Proprietie Possident Dignitie Right Allodium Terra Regis Auncient Demaine Frank. Free Feudum Feifz and Arrierfiefz Feodum simplex Feodum Taliatum Terminable Right Tenant Dutie Euidence Limitation Termer Discent Lineall Collaterall Pedigrees Sequences Possession Eminence Incidents Lordships Courts Immunities Auncient Demeisme Toll Foote-geld Waiues Infangthef Felonies Theame Abishersing Blood-wit Estouers Tenure Confinage Condition Seruice Manour Court Extinct Non-Parcels vnited Manour diuisible Not vniable Demesnes Out-landt how restraind Rents of Assize Seruices deuided Chiualry Regall Chiualry Capite Sergeantie Grande Petit. Common Chiualry Escuage Vncertaine Castel-ward Certaine Soccage Chiefe Franke. Base Villenage The person nor the Freehold impeached Copy-hold Meere Copy-hold Fines Customary folk-Folk-land bock-Bock-land Conuersion of Fees Fealty Fee-Farme Valuation Reuenewes Rents Proper Improper Posse Incident Perquisites Pregnance Production Casualtie Appurtenants Appendant Dormant Regardant Parallels Hunting Hawlking Fishing Fowling Reprises Reall Personall Determinant Valuation Engrossement Free-hold Copie-hold Demise Rectorie vicarage Terrars Rentalls Customaries Suit-Rolls Particulars Sequences Offices non-Non-parcel Memorandum

FEVDIGRAPHIA THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEYING METHODIZED Anatomizing the whole Corps of the Facultie Viz. The Materiall Mathematicall Mechanicall and Legall Parts Intimating all the Incidents to Fees and Possessions and whatsoeuer may be comprized vnder their Matter Forme Proprietie and Valuation Very pertinent to be perused of all those whom the Right Reuenewe Estimation Farming Occupation Manurance Subduing Preparing and Imploying of Arable Medow Pasture and all other Plots doe concerne And no lesse remarkable for all Vnder-takers in the Plantation of Ireland or Virginia for all Trauailers for Discoueries of forraine Countries and for Purchasers Exchangers or Sellers of Land and for euery other Interesse in the Profits or Practise deriued from the compleate SVRVEY Of Manours Lands Tenements Edifices Woods Waters Titles Tenures Euidences c. Composed in a compendious Digest by W. FOLKINGHAM G. Quae prosunt singula multa iuvant LONDON Printed for Richard Moore and are to be solde at his shop in Saint Dunstanes Church-yard in Fleete-streete 1610. ¶ The Contents of the foure Sections of the Art of Surueying The first Section INtreateth of the Materialls of Possessions of the diuersities of Earthes Waters Quarries Mines of the Crusts and Investures of Grounds with their peculiar Subduing Manuring and Imploying of fitting seuerall sorts of Graine Hearbes Rootes Plants with Plots of Conuenient Temper and appropriate Layer of the Natures and kindes of Marle and Compost of Ground-Plots and Edifices The second Section Sheweth the Situation Residence and lying of Grounds suiting their seuerall Tempers their Boundage and Neighbourage with markeable obseruations arising from the same the Measuring Calculation Plotting and Proiection of Lines Figures Bodies Buildings the Tricking of Plots and Maps with Colours Characters Charts and other Complements The third Section Intimateth the Natures and Proprieties of Possessions Tenures Seruices Titles Rights Fees Immunities Discents and other Incidents The fourth Section Demonstrateth how Lands and Possessions are valueable in respect of their seuerall Issues Rents Perquisites Priuiledges and other Accrewments and Reuenueables duely regarding their Reprises The Marshalling and digesting of the whole Suruey contriuing of Field-Entries in Rough-books Engrossing of the Exemplificatiōs the Surueying and abbreuiating of Deedes Composing of Terrars Rentals Particulars c. ❧ To the Right Honourable and most Noble Lord WILLIAM Lord Compton Baron of Compton Nestors yeeres with the felicitie of both Worldes TO deriue my inducements Right Honourable of Dedicating these shallow Deseignes vnto a Mecaenas of such Supereminence from Presidents of worthy witts and particular Obligees to eminent Patrons my Fortunes haue not so auspiciously endeared me their happy Fauourite But the Vniuersall concurrence of good Hearts with hearty zeale from the Verge of a vaste extent in the Center of true affectionated praise of your worth and prayers for your weale hath hasted haled-on the whole Current of my affections to runne with the Generall Concurse of vnfained welwillers to congratulate your Lordships hopefull and happie Consolidations For such and so manifold are those worthy Attributes of accomplished Amplitude and magnified Merits dimayning from the sacred Source of true Nobility that they haue euen winged my feruent Desires more animated with self-approument of deuote sinceritie then amazed with myrrors of Magnificence to the consecrating of these my prest Deseignemēts to your Honourable Patrocinie But if such Motiues bee incompetent to giue due Colour of excuse to Intrusions so exorbitant I beseech your Lordship giue me leaue to flee to the prostrate Plea of praying your gracious Indulgence for my rude Presume in daring from the remote Nadir of obscurity to eleuate the flaggie Wing of so weake a Pineon towards the Zenith of Perfection the mark and Pitch for Skie-towring Faulcons whose Quills imped with strong Sarcells of the Grace of Greatnes are inlisened and inhabled to transcende and climbe-aboue the mistie Vapours that cloude and Eclipse all Flights which peirce not to the Welkin of the Worthies For who sees not that Heroes Gods Vice-gerents can dignifie euen the inglorious Groome giue such Glosse and Tincture to home-made Statuaes as shal attract the Eye of wonder to magnifie the potent Artists for refining remoulding their now new creatures as well as with the Touch-stone of refined knowledge detrud banish all Deseignes disfurnisht of true due self-worth from the Confines of high Repute But least in labouring with invulgar Ingredients to palate an ill seasoned Seruice I should by tedious and vnrelished Tearmes impart a worse distaste I will screw-vp this Key with the prostrate sacring of my selfe and my poore Endeauours at the Shrine of your gracious Clemencie And so euer wishing vnto your Honour the happie fruition of vnconfined Felicity I rest now and euer London at the White Hart in Cheape-side Iunij 6. 1610. Your Lordships humbly deuoted W. Folkingham To the Beneuolent and iudicious READER SHould I insist vpon tedious Appologies for due approuement of the Faculty of Surueying impugned by the vulgar and shallow Disputes of refractorie Opposites which absurdly transferring their hard Imputations against it from the faulty and defectiue Abuse to the iust and lawfull Vse of the same doe most iniuriously and vniustly traduce and scandalize this vnblameable Arte all her Agents 't is hazard but I should heare of Mindaes Cynical Memento if I incurred no harder a Censure It is a World to see the sottish pressures vrged against the admeasuring of land yet the Vse of Ponderous and Concaue Measures both Dry and Liquid are no lesse commendable than Common in venting of Wares and Merchandize and what greater iniquity in the vsing admeasurements in Grounds than in Graine Cloath and Stuffes were retailed by the yard when a sumptuous Potentate might be hosed for 3 shillings which now will scarce hose a frugall Peasant Bilanx est arbiter aequus the Hand may faile in certaintie of Poize and the Eye in Randon sans Rule but the Beame and Chaine balke no Truthes nor blaunch Vn-truthes the Empirick or the Methodist which is the better Phisician Take away Number Weight Measure you exile Iustice and reduce and haile-vp from Hell the olde and odious Chaos of Confusion Priuate Intelligencers intimating by their roaued Aymes at Quantities and Qualities vnder-hand and sinister informations abuse the Lessor wrong the Lessee where the iust and iudicious Feudigrapher who aymes at competent Improuements sans pressure of the Feudatarie or oppressure of the Fermor duly and discreetly obseruing all particulars incident to the Plot certifies a true Relation by the Leuel-draught of whose impartiall Parallels may be produced that Meane in Rating of Estimates which the due Port of men of Place and Eminence no way supportable Rebus sic stantibus with Reuenewes of former Ages doth most iustly challenge What should I speake of scanted Estimates of Acres exacted from ouer-awed Tenants or rated by positiue Will of the Ouertures of scandall raised against Surueyors by the Owners concealing of failing Contents or vouching of Validities and Extents

aboue the Record of letting by Port-saile aduanced by prepared out-bidding Competitors of parcelling forth engrossed lands to Vnder-tenants at intollerable Termes of Riot Pride Plenty of People Coyne though confined to a few Cofers with high-enhaunced Rates of all Commodities who is so Owle-eyed that sees not that the extending of Rents doth necessarily dimaine from these and the like causes Yet Tenancies I cannot gaine-say are too oft tendered to too-Racking Valuations the Reciprocall Regard in some is Choyse to take by Racke or leaue a Packe and it is so ordinary with too many Land-lords like absolute Lords and Allodists of their Lands within the Verge at least á superis ad inferos Fundum hastae subijcere the frequencie of the practize growes familiar And for Feudataries who sees not how much they faile of true agnizing their due dependance vpon Mesne Lords sith Feudum comprehending Fealty at least which obliges Per sacramentū sub pena foris facturae Feodi is Res Clientelaris neuer deuolues to the Successor sans original Burthens imposed by him which had Nouel Fee howsoeuer they now slight their Lords and amoundre their Obligence Sed haec parerga and to Rectifie such irregularities the Field requires a better Champion in the meane time let euery one for his owne particular propose vnto himselfe the entertainment of a good conscience For this Tractate I am not so arrogant to magnifie nor so vnnatural to vilifie my own issue though I could retriue Centuries of Defects but leaue it to thy fauourable Censure crauing withall thy courteous tolleration of my new-coyning of some Words with the Reuiuing of the obsolete and Endenizing of Forraine sith without such priuiledge an indigested Chaos of Principles and Conclusions cannot ex nouo ex facili be concisely contriued into a Methodicall Arte. For any vaine-glorious Geodetor which makes base Detraction the Trumpet to rumour and emblason his selfe-boasted perfections so with facility to purchase or rather fore-stall the Palme of Repute Ore Dente petat naso suspenso huiusmodi effundat Scommata Quam lepidè lexeis compostae vt tesserulae omnes Arte pauimento atque Emblemate vermiculato What curious-quaint Emellishments diffuse Musaick-Mazes-Marquetrizing Muse Susque deque fero who can be secured from base carping Blatancie But wherevnto tendes this precise particularizing of Plots Layers Pregnances Productions c. when an Arte-lesse Agent can by famed Name and absolute power to dispose with the bare vouch of the generall goodnesse of the Ground sans ground of Reason or Possibility haile on the poore Pesant to Farme and Fine according to the braue boast of his roauing Esteemes absurd Ostentations which he daignes not nor dare they vrge by any rationall instances to make probable I ayme not at the Racke nor the Slack the qualified Meane is the Maine of my Marke and to extunde and beat-out this true Proportion I obserue the Circumstances proiected let peremptorie Agents balke instance barre Reply and Racke sans Rule and Reason it behoues an honest and faithfull Feudigrapher by infallible Principles warrantable Demonstrations to approue himselfe an intelligent and diligent-Improuer not a senselesse and arrogant Impostor and what warrant more current than Knowledge founded vpon the industrious search and serious obseruations intimated or rather glaunced at in this Epitome But least too large Gates should promise a faire Plat-forme of a spatious Towne hauing thus borrowed leaue to wade into the shallow Foordes of the Faculty I will leaue the Profundities to be sounded with a Plumbe-line of more Poize and Fadomes Helpringham neere to Folkingham the second of Februarie 1609. Velle pro Posse Thine W. F. The Author to his Feudigraphia WHen thus I had by peice-meale paines compilde Of diuers Elements thy slender Bulkes I deem'de to haue too ominously stylde Thy Name so neere the Pheud of Border-Hulkes That thy abortiue Limbes I rather chose In close concealement from this captious Age To smoother ay than rashly thus t' expose To Pheudists Theonine thy Pusilage But a great Monarch hath those dire Combines Hatcht in the Heart by Sauage Enion Calm'de with a Fame that happily Confines All Opposites to sacred Vnion So wert thou Patroniz'de by Celsitude The Cryticke-Coale should not thy Browes ybrand For Dis-analogies strange strained rude Nor Deviations curious-ill-scande Gaine then O gaine in Lieu of selfe demerit By heart-free Tender with true zeale repleate His grac'de Aspect who truely doth inherit A splendid Fame for worthynes Compleate To daigne the Patronage I humble craue Of Worthy Comptons Noble Family Whose iustly-honourd Names Shield from Depraue Couch rabid Blatants silence Surquedry Then Carping Momus wil be euer-mute And rather Burst with Spleene than vent his Gall The Mainger-Curre nil bawle how-euer brute But crouching fawne or leering voide the Stall Such Grace dimaines from sacred Eminence Ay to suppresse insulting Insolence Et habent sua Fata Libelli THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEY METHODIZED SECTION I. Of the Materials of Possessions the seuerall kinds of Earths Waters Stones Minerals the Crusts and increase of Grounds the peculiar ordering mastering manuring and imploying of seuerall Soyles the due bestowing of Graine Herbs Plants with the diuersitie of Ground-plots and Edifices CHAP. I. SVruey in generall is an Art wherby the view and trutinate intimation of a subiect from Center to Circumference is rectified The Suruey of Possessions the subiect of this Treatise is the Arte by which their Graphicall Description is particularized This Suruey is Symbolized and distinguished into Actiue and Passiue The Actiue may be referred to the Feudigrapher and consists in Operation and Estimation The Operation is Mathematicall and Mechanicall Mathematicall Operation is a part of Suruey by which the dimensions of the Plots propounded are performed Mechanicall Operation is the Manuall acting and proiecting of the workes The Estimation of Possessions is Materiall Legall The Materiall part is conuersant in Estimating the valuations incident to the subiect by relation to the Materials and Elementarie parts of the Plot. The Legall part prescribes Methodicall Iuridiciall confines to the whole course of Suruey and comprehends the Symboliographie or Clarke-ship and penning of the Suruey with the Rectifying of Euidences and Records The seuerall functions of these partes are diffused thorough the whole Processe ensuing And so much for the Actiue part CHAP. II. The Passiue part of Suruey hath reference to Possessions as they consist of parts Essentiall and Accidentall The Essentiall partes comprehend the matter and forme coincident to Possessions The Matter comprises the Elementarie composition and constitution of Possessions and in discussure thereof the Materiall parte is most conuersant The Matter is either Naturall whose state hath admitted of no substantiall alteration other then the hand of Nature hath impressed therein or Artificiall transformed and chaunged from the Natiue and Originall Habite by humane industrie Naturall matter may bee diuided into