Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	acre_n	aforesaid_a	pasture_n	1,972	5	11.6628	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A81788	Proceedings concerning the improvement of all manner of land, and also for all sorts of leather VVith many addresses unto Parliaments, and other supreme authorities formerly in power. As also petitional motions unto the supreme authority of this nation, the Parliament of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the dominions and territories thereunto belonging, that they would be pleased to make use of the proposer, in entertaining his abilities with acts of Parliament, according to the lawes of this and all civil nations; that then thereby he may be impowred lawfully and honourable to put in exercise his undertakings: the profitable effects and conveniences of them being hereafter sufficiently proved and cleared. All which designes are undertaken to be performed by new wayes and means, more speedy, cheap and easie than hath hitherto been discovered, and are acquired by the industry and diligent search into the mysteries of nature, of Thomas Ducket, Esq; very well deserving the perusal of persons of all degrees ... prosperity of the Commonwealth.	Duckett, Thomas.	1657 (1657)	Wing D2430C; ESTC R231962	32,839	30

body_n of_o the_o science_n and_o mystery_n for_o convert_v all_o sort_n of_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n into_o leather_n beyond_o all_o expectation_n and_o probability_n as_o be_v actual_o make_v apparent_a for_o that_o the_o make_v thereof_o transcend_v in_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o goodness_n all_o former_a tannage_n as_o never_o be_v perform_v or_o accomplish_v by_o the_o most_o profound_a ingenuity_n of_o this_o or_o former_a age_n and_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o much_o land_n continue_v sterile_a and_o barren_a for_o want_v of_o help_n to_o assist_v nature_n land_n holder_n and_n land-owner_n have_v be_v hitherto_o as_o stupid_a and_o negligent_a in_o improvement_n as_o tanner_n and_o other_o be_v in_o improvement_n of_o leather_n and_o if_o there_o may_v be_v now_o a_o speedy_a settlement_n of_o the_o premise_n it_o will_v be_v a_o extraordinary_a help_n and_o benefit_n to_o all_o tanner_n tanner_n a_o present_a conveniency_n for_o tanner_n and_o other_o tradesman_n as_o to_o leather_n who_o will_v thereby_o save_v great_a charge_n and_o pain_n which_o otherwise_o they_o must_v be_v at_o in_o seek_v for_o bark_n and_o other_o ingredient_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o withal_o which_o be_v both_o scarce_a and_o costly_a that_o therefore_o the_o say_a thomas_n ducat_n in_o recompense_n of_o his_o great_a charge_n and_o pain_n and_o love_n to_o his_o native_a country_n and_o for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o all_o ingenious_a artist_n for_o the_o future_a may_v be_v empower_v to_o have_v the_o sole_a exercise_n and_o benefit_n of_o his_o say_a invention_n settlement_n grant_v of_o settlement_n for_o improvement_n of_o land_n and_o leather_n for_o fowerteen_fw-mi year_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o and_o other_o civil_a nation_n and_o may_v have_v power_n and_o authority_n during_o the_o say_a term_n to_o grant_v licence_n to_o all_o person_n within_o the_o three_o nation_n and_o the_o dominion_n thereto_o belong_v penalty_n humble_a motion_n and_o argumental_a reason_n why_o there_o can_v be_v no_o good_a settlement_n without_o sufficient_a penalty_n to_o practice_v his_o say_a invention_n which_o be_v new_a and_o never_o before_o in_o present_a or_o frequent_a occupation_n in_o the_o same_o method_n form_n and_o manner_n with_o such_o addition_n and_o alteration_n and_o although_o the_o benefit_n of_o they_o be_v never_o so_o great_a yet_o no_o man_n be_v compel_v as_o in_o such_o case_n in_o other_o nation_n to_o make_v use_n of_o any_o of_o the_o say_a invention_n but_o leave_v at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n to_o be_v pilot_n to_o their_o own_o will_n and_o these_o rich_a design_n aforemention_v ☜_o ☜_o which_o may_v so_o much_o advance_v the_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o right_n and_o due_a treasure_n of_o the_o proposer_n and_o nooth_a person_n have_v a_o interest_n and_o property_n in_o they_o but_o himself_o bill_n these_o reason_n why_o the_o proposer_n ought_v to_o have_v good_a penalty_n be_v not_o include_v in_o the_o bill_n that_o therefore_o in_o all_o equity_n and_o reason_n it_o be_v requisite_a for_o he_o by_o way_n of_o treaty_n with_o the_o honourable_a member_n humble_o to_o lay_v claim_n to_o some_o fit_a assurance_n and_o square_a and_o legal_a condition_n thereby_o to_o be_v certain_a of_o some_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n for_o those_o wealthy_a benefit_n which_o be_v by_o he_o to_o be_v present_v to_o those_o person_n who_o be_v concern_v to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o and_o therefore_o in_o all_o right_a and_o equity_n your_o honour_n can_v but_o grant_v he_o such_o a_o power_n as_o be_v congruent_a and_o incident_a to_o any_o venture_n who_o have_v use_v great_a industry_n and_o spend_v their_o best_a time_n and_o fortune_n in_o bring_v from_o foreign_a part_n of_o the_o world_n into_o their_o native_a country_n some_o enrich_a merchandise_n at_o which_o time_n the_o owner_n thereof_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o make_v their_o own_o condition_n with_o those_o they_o furnish_v and_o therefore_o according_o that_o the_o proposer_n may_v not_o be_v defeat_v of_o the_o honour_n and_o reward_v which_o ought_v just_o to_o accrue_v to_o he_o for_o his_o new_a invention_n which_o be_v of_o far_o great_a value_n than_o any_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n and_o make_v ridiculous_a to_o the_o discouragement_n of_o ingenious_a artist_n for_o the_o future_a and_o this_o nation_n subject_a to_o the_o evil_a effect_n of_o ingratitude_n and_o likewise_o this_o act_n make_v invalid_a by_o evill-minded_n person_n who_o although_o their_o composition_n for_o licence_n will_v be_v little_a or_o nothing_o in_o comparison_n of_o their_o benefit_n yet_o most_o people_n be_v of_o such_o perverse_a and_o ill-disposed_a nature_n that_o they_o will_v rather_o endeavour_v deceitful_a practice_n than_o be_v conformable_a to_o the_o law_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v such_o fallacious_a people_n and_o that_o his_o recompense_n and_o satisfaction_n for_o his_o great_a charge_n study_v and_o pain_n may_v be_v answerable_a to_o his_o merit_n and_o desert_n and_o that_o he_o may_v have_v a_o secure_a title_n the_o proposer_n under_o your_o honour_n favour_n by_o way_n of_o civil_a bargain_n great_a why_o the_o penalty_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o great_a do_v humble_o lay_v claim_n to_o such_o good_a penalty_n as_o be_v hereafter_o to_o be_v name_v wherein_o there_o can_v be_v a_o wrong_n or_o prejudice_n to_o any_o that_o mean_v well_o for_o that_o all_o good-minded_n people_n will_v not_o make_v use_n of_o the_o proposer_n skill_n without_o due_a licence_n and_o therefore_o regard_v not_o penalty_n be_v they_o never_o so_o great_a and_o those_o who_o be_v of_o small_a ability_n will_v never_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o they_o and_o moreover_o those_o person_n who_o be_v unjust_o and_o fraudulent_o intend_v may_v be_v better_o order_v and_o subdue_v with_o fear_n of_o good_a penalty_n for_o it_o will_v suit_n with_o your_o honour_n prudence_n and_o wisdom_n that_o those_o person_n who_o regard_n nor_o fear_v either_o law_n or_o honesty_n but_o wilful_o contemn_v and_o break_v they_o shall_v be_v severe_o punish_v and_o large_o suffer_v for_o the_o use_n of_o justice_n will_v be_v prevent_v by_o a_o well_o settle_a justice_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o penalty_n of_o forty_o shilling_n may_v be_v impose_v upon_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o for_o every_o acre_n of_o land_n whereon_o they_o shall_v without_o licence_n first_o have_v and_o obtain_v from_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducket_n or_o his_o assign_v land_n penalty_n for_o land_n use_n or_o practice_v any_o of_o his_o way_n mean_n method_n or_o direction_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o pasture_n meadow_n and_o arable_a ground_n in_o any_o of_o the_o particular_n aforesaid_a and_o also_o the_o sum_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o acre_n of_o land_n for_o every_o year_n continue_v the_o use_n of_o they_o without_o licence_n after_o conviction_n and_o also_o that_o the_o penalty_n of_o twenty_o pound_n may_v be_v impose_v upon_o all_o person_n that_o shall_v make_v use_n or_o exercise_n without_o licence_n any_o of_o his_o engine_n to_o carry_v up_o water_n to_o any_o city_n town_n village_n particular_a house_n or_o any_o other_o place_n whatsoever_o other_o than_o for_o improvement_n of_o hilly_a dry_a ground_n in_o manner_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o twenty_o shilling_n for_o every_o day_n continue_v the_o use_n of_o they_o without_o licence_n after_o conviction_n and_o moreover_o to_o prevent_v unjust_a and_o indirect_a practice_n by_o tanner_n that_o the_o penalty_n of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n may_v be_v impose_v upon_o any_o tanner_n or_o other_o person_n that_o shall_v without_o licence_n first_o have_v and_o obtain_v from_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducket_n or_o his_o assign_v make_v leather_n penalty_n for_o leather_n use_v or_o practice_v all_o or_o any_o part_n of_o his_o way_n mean_n direction_n liquor_n or_o ingredient_n for_o the_o tan_v taw_a or_o prepare_v of_o leather_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o forty_o shilling_n for_o every_o day_n continue_v the_o use_n of_o they_o without_o licence_n after_o the_o first_o conviction_n recover_v how_o the_o penalty_n ought_v to_o be_v recover_v and_o that_o the_o offender_n in_o any_o the_o premise_n aforesaid_a may_v upon_o oath_n of_o two_o witness_n before_o one_o or_o two_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n be_v convict_v and_o that_o all_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n may_v be_v empower_v and_o require_v upon_o such_o conviction_n to_o issue_v out_o their_o warrant_n to_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o offender_n live_v for_o the_o levy_n by_o distress_n the_o aforesaid_a penalty_n and_o that_o no_o person_n whatsoever_o may_n without_o licence_n as_o aforesaid_a alter_v counterfeit_v change_v or_o falsify_v either_o by_o addition_n to_o or_o substraction_n from_o the_o same_o counterfeitor_n no_o false_a pretender_n or_o counterfeitor_n or_o other_o alteration_n all_o or_o any_o the_o aforesaid_a invention_n engine_n instrument_n or_o other_o

utensil_n manure_n liquor_n or_o ingredient_n either_o for_o improvement_n of_o land_n or_o leather_n as_o aforesaid_a thereby_o to_o pretend_v he_o or_o themselves_o to_o be_v the_o inventor_n or_o devisor_n thereof_o upon_o pain_n of_o the_o forfeiture_n and_o payment_n aforesaid_a that_o whereas_o printer_n stationer_n bookseller_n and_o other_o person_n may_v by_o false_a and_o counterfeit_a book_n and_o copy_n very_o much_o wrong_v and_o prejudice_n etc._n penalty_n for_o printer_n etc._n etc._n not_o only_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducat_n but_o likewise_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o to_o prevent_v such_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v thereby_o arise_v a_o good_a penalty_n to_o the_o value_n of_o one_o thousand_o pound_n may_v be_v impose_v upon_o they_o for_o print_v or_o put_v to_o sale_n without_o licence_n any_o of_o his_o book_n or_o copy_n of_o direction_n either_o for_o improvement_n of_o land_n in_o any_o the_o particular_n aforesaid_a or_o for_o tan_v taw_a debt_n to_o be_v recover_v by_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o prepare_v of_o leather_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o also_o to_o forfeit_v five_o pound_n for_o every_o book_n or_o copy_n of_o direction_n which_o they_o shall_v print_v or_o expose_v to_o sale_n after_o the_o first_o discovery_n and_o conviction_n and_o the_o say_a penalty_n to_o be_v recover_v by_o action_n of_o debt_n in_o any_o court_n of_o record_n in_o the_o three_o nation_n where_o no_o essoyn_n or_o wager_n of_o law_n shall_v be_v admit_v or_o allow_v they_o and_o that_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducket_n or_o his_o assign_v may_v by_o warrant_n from_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n offender_n liberty_n to_o make_v search_n in_o case_n of_o suspicion_n for_o discovery_n of_o offender_n to_o a_o constable_n or_o other_o officer_n make_v search_n for_o the_o discover_n of_o such_o person_n as_o they_o shall_v suspect_v to_o make_v use_n of_o any_o of_o his_o invention_n either_o for_o improvement_n of_o land_n or_o leather_n without_o licence_n as_o aforesaid_a that_o all_o the_o penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n aforesaid_a be_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o equal_a part_n one_o three_o part_n to_o your_o honour_n to_o be_v pay_v into_o the_o exchequer_n part_n penalty_n divide_v to_o three_o part_n one_o other_o three_o part_n thereof_o to_o be_v to_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducket_n or_o his_o assign_v and_o the_o other_o three_o part_n to_o the_o informer_n and_o now_o your_o honour_n have_v hear_v discovery_n allude_v his_o invention_n to_o merchandary_n commodity_n as_o a_o rational_a inducement_n though_o no_o part_n of_o the_o bill_n the_o small_a and_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n which_o the_o proposer_n expect_v for_o his_o discovery_n what_o penalty_n have_v be_v humble_o desire_v with_o reason_n why_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o great_a you_o will_v bethink_v with_o yourselves_o what_o satisfaction_n and_o reward_n it_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o proposer_n to_o expect_v and_o in_o this_o case_n to_o satisfy_v your_o honour_n the_o proposer_n do_v not_o intend_v that_o his_o recompense_n and_o gain_v shall_v compare_v with_o a_o venturer_n or_o merchant_n that_o bring_v in_o gold_n silver_n bullion_n precious_a stone_n or_o jewel_n to_o grace_v pleasure_n adorn_v and_o enrich_v a_o nation_n who_o will_v not_o part_v with_o their_o commodity_n unless_o at_o very_o dear_a rate_n or_o the_o full_a worth_n of_o they_o but_o the_o proposer_n intend_v not_o by_o many_o degree_n to_o be_v so_o costly_a to_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o profit_n which_o those_o who_o he_o have_v to_o deal_v withal_o will_v receive_v for_o although_o not_o only_o the_o present_a profit_n but_o likewise_o the_o perpetual_a good_a and_o benefit_n which_o will_v arise_v by_o a_o comparative_a rule_n of_o proportion_n will_v be_v extraordinary_a great_a yet_o the_o owner_n of_o these_o riches_n will_v expect_v from_o each_o particular_a person_n that_o shall_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o licence_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o treasure_n little_o more_o money_n from_o first_o to_o last_o of_o his_o authority_n than_o the_o bag_n case_n chest_n vessel_n or_o any_o other_o manner_n of_o outside_n wherein_o those_o rich_a commodity_n be_v enclose_v and_o contain_v and_o then_o afterward_o all_o people_n be_v to_o have_v both_o outside_n and_o inside_n and_o all_o right_n and_o privilege_n to_o his_o discovery_n and_o invention_n be_v they_o never_o so_o rich_a and_o profitable_a without_o any_o payment_n or_o acknowledgement_n and_o so_o to_o continue_v to_o this_o and_o after_o age_n for_o perpetuity_n that_o no_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n or_o other_o officer_n shall_v be_v sue_v or_o prejudice_v custom_n no_o officer_n to_o be_v prejudice_v for_o what_o they_o shall_v do_v in_o persuance_n of_o the_o say_v acts._n that_o the_o say_a act_n may_v be_v good_a and_o effectual_a notwithstanding_o any_o former_a act_n or_o custom_n for_o what_o they_o shall_v do_v in_o persuance_n and_o execution_n of_o the_o say_v acts._n that_o the_o say_a act_n both_o for_o improvement_n of_o land_n and_o leather_n may_v be_v good_a and_o effectual_a in_o all_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducat_n notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n touch_v the_o duty_n of_o tanner_n currier_n shoemaker_n and_o other_o cutter_n of_o leather_n or_o any_o imperfection_n in_o the_o say_a act_n or_o any_o former_a act_n statute_n matter_n or_o thing_n concern_v either_o lind_n or_o leather_n to_o the_o contrary_a in_o any_o wise_n notwithstanding_o the_o breviate_n of_o the_o forementioned_a bill_n and_o some_o other_o matter_n insert_v in_o they_o be_v set_v forth_o the_o proposer_n do_v prepare_v these_o after_o answer_n to_o some_o objection_n that_o have_v and_o may_v be_v make_v by_o covetous_a malevolent_a person_n and_o first_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v object_v by_o some_o cross_a people_n land_n several_a objection_n answer_v as_o to_o land_n that_o improvement_n of_o land_n will_v necessary_o induce_v such_o a_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n as_o will_v cause_v a_o general_a cheapness_n and_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o all_o commodity_n and_o by_o consequence_n diminish_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n and_o the_o revenue_n of_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n by_o disable_n the_o tenant_n to_o pay_v his_o rent_n to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o this_o objection_n proceed_v from_o a_o root_n of_o private_a interest_n answer_n 1_o answer_v answer_v and_o respect_n only_o the_o profit_n of_o particular_a person_n and_o those_o who_o be_v against_o improvement_n be_v enemy_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n where_o they_o live_v for_o improvement_n do_v not_o impoverish_v but_o enrich_v a_o commonwealth_n for_o these_o follow_a reason_n first_o although_o land_n be_v improve_v that_o it_o bear_v more_o corn_n and_o grass_n than_o before_o and_o that_o plenty_n thereupon_o cause_v cheapness_n yet_o the_o quantity_n be_v much_o more_o will_v make_v that_o good_a again_o and_o out-bear_a the_o cheapness_n ☞_o ☞_o that_o there_o need_v no_o abatement_n of_o rent_n for_o land_n will_v for_o the_o most_o part_n receive_v a_o improvement_n improvement_n n●_n abatement_n of_o rent_n by_o improvement_n proportionable_a to_o the_o value_n and_o goodness_n that_o it_o be_v now_o of_o as_o for_o example_n if_o the_o improvement_n be_v to_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n than_o land_n of_o two_o shilling_n a_o acre_n will_v be_v improve_v to_o be_v as_o good_a as_o land_n of_o three_o shilling_n a_o acre_n land_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o acre_n to_o be_v as_o good_a as_o land_n of_o thirty_o shilling_n a_o acre_n and_o so_o in_o proportion_n answer_n 2_o second_o by_o improvement_n a_o less_o quantity_n of_o land_n will_v serve_v for_o corn_n and_o may_v be_v sow_v with_o hemp_n use_n more_o land_n may_v be_v spare_v for_o several_a use_n flax_n cole-seed_n rape-seed_n woad_n or_o mad_a which_o will_v increase_v a_o manufacture_n and_o produce_v a_o improvement_n and_o mantainance_n for_o innumerable_a poor_a people_n answer_n 3_o three_o more_o land_n may_v be_v lay_v down_o for_o pasture_n for_o maintain_v milch_n kine_n former_o more_o land_n for_o pasture_n then_o former_o for_o plenty_n of_o butter_n and_o cheese_n to_o relive_v the_o poor_a and_o for_o transportation_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o likewise_o to_o breed_v and_o mantain_n great_a cattle_n for_o provision_n for_o the_o land_n and_o navy_n at_o sea_n and_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o that_o staple_n commodity_n of_o leather_n and_o also_o to_o breed_v and_o maintain_v sheep_n for_o the_o increase_n of_o that_o other_o staple_n commodity_n of_o wool_n for_o the_o make_n of_o clothes_n and_o stuff_n and_o other_o commodity_n not_o only_o for_o the_o use_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n but_o for_o transportation_n and_o maintain_v innumerable_a poor_a people_n on_o work_n answer_n 4_o four_o

think_v to_o bear_v it_o out_o with_o a_o liberty_n derive_v from_o falsehood_n and_o ignorance_n they_o will_v find_v themselves_o deceive_v and_o in_o danger_n to_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o bring_v a_o last_a disgrace_n and_o odium_n upon_o themselves_o depraver_n the_o proposer_n defiance_n to_o such_o depraver_n for_o unworthy_o endeavour_v to_o obstruct_v and_o hinder_v the_o increase_n of_o such_o honour_n and_o fertility_n as_o may_v be_v advance_v to_o the_o enrich_n of_o your_o honour_n treasury_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n future_a happiness_n and_o prosperity_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o expectation_n of_o all_o worthy_a person_n may_v be_v satisfy_v the_o pest_n of_o envy_n antidote_v the_o author_n and_o all_o other_o person_n studious_a in_o good_a work_n encourage_v your_o honour_n eternal_o magnify_v and_o this_o our_o air_n and_o climate_n purge_v of_o all_o the_o contagious_a infection_n of_o spirit_n malevolent_a to_o high_a and_o worthy_a principle_n wherein_o they_o have_v not_o ability_n of_o apprehension_n to_o discern_v the_o various_a mystery_n of_o nature_n which_o the_o vast_a world_n plentiful_o afford_v unto_o all_o those_o who_o be_v serious_a observer_n of_o her_o essence_n and_o deity_n and_o diligent_a searcher_n into_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o her_o natural_a effect_n and_o cause_n with_o her_o other_o contingency_n which_o the_o proposer_n all_o his_o life_n time_n have_v be_v studious_a and_o conversant_a in_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o perfection_n chief_o of_o these_o ensue_a design_n and_o many_o other_o not_o herein_o express_v which_o if_o hereafter_o entertain_v and_o settle_v may_v as_o well_o as_o the_o rest_n be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o particular_a head_n of_o which_o invention_n contain_v in_o the_o bill_n aforemention_v for_o the_o improvement_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o land_n and_o leather_n be_v as_o follow_v first_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducket_n undertake_v to_o take_v away_o for_o ever_o tr●sh_n 1._o the_o proposer_n undertake_n for_o land_n to_o destroy_v all_o manner_n of_o tr●sh_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o prejudice_n and_o damage_n which_o be_v cause_v in_o land_n of_o several_a sort_n by_o reason_n of_o heath_n or_o ling_n fearn_n or_o brake_n rush_n sedge_n reed_n thistle_n nettle_n moss_n broom_n furze_n or_o gorse_n bramble_n brier_n blackthorn_n and_o other_o encumbrance_n destructive_a to_o the_o growth_n and_o goodness_n of_o corn_n and_o grass_n or_o prejudicial_a and_o hurtful_a to_o pasture_n meadow_n and_o arable_a land_n second_o to_o improve_v and_o enrich_v the_o value_n and_o goodness_n of_o land_n soil_n 2._o to_o improve_v shallow_a soil_n where_o the_o turf_n be_v shallow_a by_o reason_n of_o gravel_n sand_n rock_n clunch_n or_o chalk_n lie_v too_o near_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a depth_n of_o soil_n to_o be_v plough_v so_o that_o it_o be_v altogether_o unprofitable_a land_n for_o corn_n neither_o will_v it_o bear_v any_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o grass_n the_o which_o improvement_n be_v and_o may_v be_v perform_v without_o the_o usual_a great_a charge_n and_o pain_n of_o carry_v lime_n or_o dung_n of_o cattle_n upon_o the_o same_o three_o to_o keep_v a_o great_a part_n of_o all_o hilly_a dry_a rise_a ground_n by_o water_n ground_n 3._o to_o keep_v moist_a hilly_a dry_a ground_n more_o moist_a and_o fertile_a not_o with_o any_o great_a chargeable_a engine_n leaden_a pipe_n pump_n or_o any_o sort_n of_o mill_n or_o water_n house_n or_o any_o new_a way_n now_o in_o practice_n or_o hold_v forth_o but_o by_o way_n &_o mean_n slight_a cheap_a and_o easy_a by_o order_v of_o land_n in_o various_a shape_n figure_n and_o proportion_n for_o compass_v and_o gainecope_a the_o drift_n and_o course_n of_o water_n and_o by_o engine_n and_o instrument_n of_o small_a value_n from_o five_o shilling_n price_n unto_o five_o pound_n and_o upward_o portable_a for_o either_o man_n horse_n or_o cart_n according_a to_o their_o several_a size_n as_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o ground_n shall_v require_v which_o will_v carry_v up_o and_o gain_v advantage_n of_o water_n so_o much_o as_o thereby_o land_n may_v be_v soakn_v and_o keep_v more_o moist_a and_o fertile_a and_o dry_a place_n in_o summer_n may_v be_v supply_v with_o water_n four_o to_o make_v a_o sort_n of_o rich_a soil_n fit_a for_o agriculture_n manure_n 4._o to_o fertilise_v land_n with_o a_o new_a manure_n and_o manure_v of_o ground_n much_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o effect_n of_o lime_n or_o dung_n of_o cattle_n where_o lime_n or_o dung_n of_o cattle_n be_v scarce_o and_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v with_o small_a charge_n and_o pain_n and_o also_o the_o say_a thomas_n ducket_n undertake_v whereas_o bark_n of_o oak_n ash_n ☜_o the_o proposer_n undertake_n for_o leather_n ☜_o sumack_n gall_n salt_n and_o allom_n be_v the_o principal_a ingredient_n now_o use_v in_o tannage_n be_v very_o scarce_o and_o dear_a and_o likewise_o harsh_a and_o corrosive_a to_o discover_v and_o teach_v all_o tradesman_n as_o to_o leather_n a_o profound_a art_n and_o mystery_n never_o before_o practise_v in_o this_o commonwealth_n first_o to_o make_v leather_n without_o any_o the_o liquor_n or_o ingredient_n now_o in_o use_n etc._n 1._o to_o tan_v leather_n without_o bark_n etc._n etc._n in_o short_a time_n and_o with_o less_o charge_n far_o to_o exceed_v all_o former_a tannage_n in_o excellency_n of_o grain_n and_o colour_n and_o more_o last_a firm_a and_o substantial_a fit_a for_o all_o manner_n of_o service_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n size_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o hide_v and_o skin_n so_o tan_v and_o taw_v second_o if_o any_o tradesman_n as_o to_o leather_n be_v desirous_a for_o custom_n sake_n or_o some_o other_o private_a end_n or_o reason_n still_o to_o make_v use_n of_o bark_n or_o any_o o●her_n ingredient_n now_o in_o practice_n old_a to_o make_v leather_n by_o mix_v his_o new_a ingredient_n with_o the_o old_a the_o liquor_n and_o ingredient_n invent_v and_o find_v out_o by_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducat_n be_v of_o such_o virtue_n and_o quality_n that_o if_o by_o his_o direction_n some_o of_o they_o be_v mix_v and_o compound_v with_o the_o former_a use_v ingredient_n they_o will_v make_v far_o better_a leather_n and_o in_o short_a time_n than_o be_v or_o can_v be_v make_v by_o the_o only_a and_o single_a use_n of_o bark_n sumack_n or_o any_o other_o ingredient_n now_o in_o common_a practice_n and_o the_o harsh_a and_o corrosive_a quality_n of_o the_o old_a ingredient_n will_v be_v very_o much_o divert_v and_o abate_v by_o mixture_n of_o the_o new_a three_o the_o say_a thomas_n ducket_n will_v discover_v liquor_n of_o such_o rare_a perfection_n that_o will_v clarify_v and_o prepare_v all_o sort_n of_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n for_o more_o speedy_a and_o better_a tannage_n either_o in_o liquor_n and_o ingredient_n of_o his_o own_o invention_n or_o in_o liquor_n of_o his_o own_o mix_a and_o compound_v with_o those_o former_o use_v tannage_n to_o prepare_v raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n for_o more_o speedy_a and_o better_a tannage_n or_o in_o liquor_n make_v with_o bark_n sumack_n and_o the_o rest_n now_o in_o common_a practice_n and_o further_o the_o say_a liquor_n be_v of_o such_o influence_n that_o they_o will_v relax_v and_o soften_v the_o natural_a hardness_n in_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n and_o cause_v the_o callus_fw-la and_o jelly_n in_o they_o to_o be_v more_o expeditious_o digest_v in_o the_o tan_v or_o taw_v and_o moreover_o the_o say_a liquor_n will_v prevent_v the_o putrefaction_n incident_a to_o great_a hide_v intend_v for_o sole_a leather_n for_o the_o tanner_n by_o stifle_v they_o on_o great_a heap_n close_o together_o do_v taint_n and_o perish_v they_o on_o the_o grain_n side_n with_o a_o rottenness_n as_o be_v apparent_a by_o the_o easy_a crack_v of_o they_o if_o force_v or_o bend_a arts._n the_o proposer_n undertake_v to_o discover_v his_o new_a arts._n a_o l_o which_o say_v art_n mystery_n secret_n and_o invention_n both_o for_o improvement_n of_o land_n and_o leather_n the_o say_a thomas_n ducket_n undertake_v to_o make_v know_v in_o print_n or_o otherwise_o for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o to_o direct_v and_o teach_v the_o method_n use_n and_o practice_n of_o they_o the_o real_a performance_n of_o which_o invention_n be_v sufficient_o attest_v and_o clear_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o need_v not_o so_o great_a evidence_n but_o that_o any_o rational_a person_n will_v conceive_v that_o the_o undertaker_n be_v well_o verse_v in_o the_o mystery_n of_o nature_n and_o able_a to_o perform_v many_o rarity_n of_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o land_n ☞_o ☞_o see_v that_o by_o his_o study_n in_o nature_n operation_n he_o have_v attain_v unto_o the_o whole_a scope_n and_o

by_o improvement_n of_o land_n a_o far_o great_a plenty_n of_o corn_n cattle_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n for_o food_n and_o raiment_n raise_v 〈◊〉_d a_o far_o great_a pl●●y_n will_v be_v raise_v will_v be_v raise_v in_o this_o commonwealth_n insomuch_o that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o storehouse_n of_o plenty_n for_o perpetuity_n and_o have_v so_o great_a a_o overplus_n of_o food_n and_o raiment_n as_o that_o it_o may_v supply_v and_o help_v the_o want_n of_o foreign_a nation_n and_o so_o bring_v vast_a sum_n of_o money_n honour_n and_o profit_n to_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o yet_o have_v at_o home_o such_o a_o fullness_n of_o plenty_n as_o that_o the_o act_n for_o transportation_n make_v by_o a_o late_a parliament_n may_v rather_o be_v enlarge_v than_o abrogate_a as_o now_o it_o be_v in_o part_n several_a commodity_n exceed_v the_o rate_n in_o that_o act_n limit_v and_o appoint_v answer_n answer_n lessen_v rent_n rather_o increase_v than_o lessen_v last_o no_o man_n income_n or_o revenue_n will_v be_v less_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o improvement_n but_o rather_o better_v for_o their_o cause_n of_o expense_n in_o such_o a_o plenty_n will_v be_v lessen_v and_o they_o will_v have_v all_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o homebred_a commodity_n at_o very_o cheap_a rate_n and_o if_o fertile_a bottom_n be_v not_o better_a than_o barren_a mountain_n and_o if_o the_o abundance_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o beside_o a_o blessing_n a_o great_a support_n and_o establishment_n of_o the_o policy_n of_o a_o nation_n then_o why_o do_v the_o law_n of_o england_n indulge_v such_o privilege_n to_o arable_a land_n beyond_o pasture_n what_o mean_v the_o statute_n to_o restrain_v the_o convert_n of_o arable_a land_n into_o pasture_n ground_n to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o tillage_n why_o be_v all_o heath_n and_o other_o barren_a ground_n exempt_v from_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n the_o first_o seven_o year_n after_o improvement_n by_o a_o peculiar_a privilege_n beside_o improvement_n be_v very_o advantageous_a for_o hospitality_n and_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a benefit_n a_o general_a benefit_n in_o set_v old_a and_o young_a and_o all_o idle_a person_n to_o some_o slight_a work_n who_o can_v endure_v no_o hard_a labour_n and_o so_o there_o will_v be_v no_o wander_v poor_a as_o now_o nor_o any_o to_o be_v relieve_v but_o lame_a and_o blind_a person_n which_o will_v be_v very_o great_a honour_n and_o profit_n to_o this_o commonwealth_n for_o that_o nation_n be_v most_o honour_a and_o regard_v by_o foreiner_n wherein_o be_v the_o most_o fertility_n and_o ingenuity_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o who_o be_v not_o sensible_a of_o the_o blessing_n and_o advantage_n of_o plenty_n questionless_a it_o be_v fit_a that_o such_o person_n will_v confine_v themselves_o for_o some_o year_n to_o inhabit_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o some_o barren_a hill_n or_o mountain_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o such_o provision_n as_o nature_n there_o afford_v ☜_o ☜_o without_o the_o help_n of_o improvement_n and_o there_o to_o learn_v by_o experience_n the_o truth_n of_o these_o assertion_n rather_o than_o to_o be_v convince_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o argument_n in_o a_o plentiful_a country_n where_o perhaps_o the_o fullness_n of_o their_o stomach_n may_v dull_v the_o acuteness_n of_o their_o apprehension_n and_o for_o a_o further_a satisfaction_n of_o what_o have_v be_v before_o express_v leather_n several_a objection_n answer_v and_o reason_n for_o improvement_n of_o leather_n and_o now_o especial_o concern_v that_o staple_n commodity_n of_o leather_n first_o that_o all_o leather_n make_v by_o the_o new_a art_n and_o invention_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n ducat_n will_v in_o all_o degree_n of_o perfection_n so_o far_o exceed_v all_o former_a tannage_n that_o a_o great_a trade_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o this_o commonwealth_n by_o that_o commodity_n for_o in_o what_o nation_n soever_o any_o new_a art_n or_o profitable_a science_n benefit_n 1._o ☜_o that_o nation_n where_o this_o new_a art_n be_v first_o discover_v will_v receive_v the_o great_a benefit_n be_v first_o invent_v and_o find_v out_o that_o nation_n will_v for_o many_o year_n after_o have_v the_o sole_a trade_n and_o benefit_n thereof_o and_o all_o nation_n will_v address_v themselves_o thither_o conceive_v there_o will_v be_v the_o best_a make_v where_o it_o be_v first_o invent_v and_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o this_o new_a art_n participate_v of_o rare_a mystery_n and_o neat_a and_o private_a practice_n yet_o be_v cheap_a and_o easy_a to_o be_v perform_v without_o the_o plain_a and_o common_a drudgery_n now_o use_v in_o tannage_n and_o may_v be_v so_o dispose_v of_o by_o the_o proposor_n in_o this_o or_o other_o nation_n that_o during_o many_o score_n year_n no_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n may_v receive_v any_o knowledge_n or_o benefit_n thereof_o themselves_o and_o may_v keep_v the_o say_v new_a art_n a_o long_a time_n secret_a among_o themselves_o upon_o which_o ground_n how_o happy_a may_v this_o nation_n be_v in_o the_o speedy_a settlement_n of_o these_o mystery_n and_o invention_n for_o the_o say_a science_n may_v be_v many_o year_n here_o keep_v among_o ourselves_o and_o foreign_a nation_n induce_v to_o import_v their_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n into_o this_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v convert_v into_o leather_n after_o the_o say_v new_a art_n or_o if_o we_o please_v the_o say_v accomplish_v ingredient_n may_v be_v sell_v nation_n the_o leather_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o goodness_n may_v be_v transport_v into_o other_o nation_n and_o transport_v at_o very_o good_a rate_n into_o other_o country_n where_o they_o be_v not_o find_v for_o leather_n convert_v after_o the_o say_v new_a art_n will_v be_v of_o such_o last_a wear_n and_o goodness_n that_o a_o three_o part_n thereof_o may_v be_v spare_v and_o sell_v beyond_o the_o sea_n at_o double_a or_o treble_v the_o price_n that_o now_o it_o be_v and_o yet_o here_o among_o ourselves_o it_o may_v be_v afford_v at_o a_o more_o cheap_a and_o reasonable_a rate_n than_o now_o be_v sell_v at_o and_o the_o ingredient_n to_o prepare_v the_o say_v liquor_n find_v the_o new_a ingredient_n cheap_a and_o easy_a to_o be_v find_v be_v most_o of_o they_o to_o be_v have_v within_o this_o commonwealth_n at_o cheap_a rate_n than_o the_o aforesaid_a old_a use_v ingredient_n and_o will_v be_v of_o good_a benefit_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o land_n where_o the_o say_v ingredient_n be_v find_v second_o whereas_o tanner_n be_v common_o a_o whole_a year_n return_n 2._o ☜_o more_o speedy_a tannage_n and_o a_o quick_a return_n three_o quarter_n of_o a_o year_n half_o a_o year_n and_o the_o like_a in_o tannage_n according_a to_o the_o size_n of_o the_o hide_n and_o skin_n they_o may_v hereafter_o by_o the_o use_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o inventor_n direction_n make_v far_o better_a leather_n and_o in_o short_a time_n whereby_o a_o quick_a return_n may_v be_v make_v thereof_o which_o be_v the_o only_a advantage_n of_o a_o manufacture_n three_o although_o bark_n of_o oak_n and_o some_o other_o ingredient_n ☜_o 3._o bark_n and_o the_o ingredient_n now_o use_v be_v harsh_a and_o corrosive_a ☜_o now_o principa_o use_v in_o tannage_n be_v very_o scarce_o and_o costly_a yet_o by_o their_o harsh_a corrosivenesse_n they_o do_v very_o much_o perish_v and_o destroy_v the_o stability_n and_o fastness_n of_o all_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v some_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o nature_n in_o strength_n and_o toughness_n and_o thereby_o leather_n be_v much_o weaken_v of_o its_o natural_a force_n and_o no_o remedy_n be_v ever_o know_v for_o the_o same_o before_o this_o present_a time_n four_o that_o bark_n of_o oakes_n and_o other_o ingredient_n use_v by_o tanner_n want_n 4._o the_o trade_n of_o tannage_n like_o to_o fail_v for_o want_n be_v of_o such_o high_a price_n and_o scarcity_n that_o by_o mean_n thereof_o there_o be_v very_o much_o bad_a leather_n make_v in_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o three_o nation_n for_o want_v of_o full_a and_o perfect_a tannage_n and_o the_o say_a trade_n be_v like_a within_o few_o age_n to_o be_v near_o extinguish_v by_o 〈…〉_o bark_n be_v like_a to_o be_v far_o more_o scarce_o than_o now_o it_o be_v if_o not_o in_o process_n of_o time_n quite_o consume_v bark_n 5._o timber_n be_v fell_v at_o unseasonable_a time_n for_o the_o use_n of_o bark_n five_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a bark_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o law_n compel_v the_o owner_n of_o timber_n to_o fell_a and_o cut_v down_o the_o same_o at_o unseasonable_a time_n when_o the_o sap_n be_v in_o it_o which_o make_v the_o timber_n so_o much_o worse_o in_o price_n and_o goodness_n as_o the_o rate_n of_o bark_n do_v amount_v unto_o and_o their_o loss_n in_o the_o bark_n will_v in_o great_a family_n be_v countervail_v