do_v they_o likewise_o who_o let_v out_o their_o money_n at_o interest_n with_o the_o same_o hope_n and_o like_a advantage_n which_o many_o time_n notwithstanding_o fail_v they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o borrower_n often_o labour_v only_o for_o the_o lender_n profit_n to_o the_o nine_o and_o eighteen_o here_o my_o author_n have_v some_o secret_a meaning_n or_o be_v conscious_a of_o his_o own_o error_n do_v mark_v these_o two_o wonder_n with_o a_o ☞_o in_o the_o margin_n for_o why_o shall_v this_o great_a work_n of_o enrich_v or_o impoverish_v of_o kingdom_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o exchange_n which_o be_v do_v only_o by_o those_o mean_n that_o do_v over_o or_o underballance_n our_o foreign_a trade_n as_o i_o have_v already_o so_o often_o show_v and_o as_o the_o very_a word_n of_o malynes_n himself_o in_o these_o two_o place_n may_v intimate_v to_o a_o judicious_a reader_n to_o the_o fifteen_o and_o sixteen_o i_o confess_v that_o the_o exchange_n may_v be_v use_v in_o turn_v base_a money_n into_o gold_n or_o silver_n as_o when_o a_o stranger_n may_v coin_v and_o bring_v over_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o farthing_n which_o in_o short_a time_n he_o may_v disperse_v or_o convert_v into_o good_a money_n and_o then_o deliver_v the_o same_o here_o by_o exchange_n to_o receive_v the_o value_n in_o his_o own_o country_n or_o he_o may_v do_v this_o feat_n by_o carry_v away_o the_o say_v good_a money_n in_o specie_fw-la without_o use_v the_o exchange_n at_o all_o if_o he_o dare_v venture_v the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n the_o spaniard_n know_v well_o who_o be_v the_o common_a coiner_n of_o christendom_n that_o dare_v venture_v to_o bring_v they_o store_n of_o copper_n money_n of_o the_o spanish_a stamp_n and_o carry_v away_o the_o value_n in_o good_a rial_n of_o eight_o wherein_o notwithstanding_o all_o their_o cunning_a device_n they_o be_v sometime_o take_v tardy_a to_o the_o 17._o the_o banker_n be_v always_o ready_a to_o receive_v such_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o be_v put_v into_o their_o hand_n by_o man_n of_o all_o degree_n who_o have_v no_o skill_n or_o good_a mean_n themselves_o to_o manage_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o exchange_n to_o profit_v it_o be_v likewise_o true_a that_o the_o banker_n do_v repay_v all_o man_n with_o their_o own_o and_o yet_o reserve_v good_a gain_n to_o themselves_o which_o they_o do_v aswell_o deserve_v for_o their_o ordinary_a provision_n or_o allowance_n as_o those_o factor_n do_v which_o buy_v or_o sell_v for_o merchant_n by_o commission_n and_o be_v not_o this_o likewise_o both_o just_a and_o very_o common_a to_o the_o 11._o i_o must_v confess_v that_o 17._o here_o be_v a_o wonder_n indeed_o that_o a_o poor_a prince_n shall_v keep_v either_o his_o war_n ot_fw-mi ware_n i_o take_v both_o together_o as_o the_o author_n set_v they_o down_o both_o way_n differ_v in_o his_o say_v two_o book_n upon_o interest_n money_n for_o what_o need_v the_o enemy_n of_o such_o a_o poor_a prince_n deal_v with_o the_o banker_n to_o disappoint_v he_o or_o defeat_v he_o of_o his_o money_n in_o time_n of_o want_n when_o the_o interest_n itself_o will_v do_v this_o fast_n enough_o and_o so_o i_o leave_v this_o poor_a stuffâ—_n to_o the_o 19_o i_o have_v live_v long_o in_o italy_n where_o the_o great_a bank_n and_o banker_n oâ—_n christendom_n do_v trade_n yet_o can_v never_o see_v nor_o hear_v that_o they_o do_v or_o be_v able_a to_o rule_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n by_o confederacy_n but_o still_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o money_n in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n do_v always_o over-rule_v they_o and_o make_v the_o exchange_n to_o run_v at_o â—â—â—h_n or_o low_a rate_n 〈◊〉_d the_o 22._o the_o exchange_n by_o custom_n bill_n between_o merchant_n and_o merchant_n in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n can_v hinder_v prince_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o impost_n for_o the_o money_n which_o one_o man_n deliver_v because_o he_o will_v not_o or_o have_v not_o occasion_n to_o employ_v it_o in_o ware_n another_o man_n take_v because_o he_o either_o will_v or_o have_v already_o lay_v it_o out_o in_o merchandise_n but_o it_o be_v true_a that_o when_o the_o wealth_n of_o a_o kingdom_n consist_v much_o in_o ready_a money_n and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o good_a mean_n and_o conveniency_n in_o such_o a_o kingdom_n to_o trade_n with_o the_o same_o into_o foreign_a part_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n or_o by_o both_o these_o way_n if_o then_o this_o trade_n be_v neglect_v the_o king_n shall_v be_v defeat_v of_o those_o profit_n and_o if_o the_o exchange_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o then_o must_v we_o learn_v in_o what_o manner_n this_o be_v do_v for_o we_o may_v exchange_v either_o among_o ourselves_o or_o with_o stranger_n if_o among_o ourselves_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v enrich_v thereby_o for_o the_o gain_n of_o one_o subject_n be_v the_o loss_n of_o another_o and_o if_o we_o exchange_v with_o stranger_n than_o our_o profit_n be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n yet_o by_o none_o of_o these_o way_n can_v the_o king_n receive_v any_o benefit_n in_o his_o custom_n let_v we_o therefore_o seek_v out_o the_o place_n where_o such_o exchange_v be_v use_v and_o set_v down_o the_o reason_n why_o this_o practice_n be_v permit_v in_o search_n whereof_o we_o shall_v only_o find_v one_o place_n of_o note_n in_o all_o christendom_n which_o be_v genova_n whereof_o i_o intend_v to_o say_v something_o as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v the_o state_n of_o genova_n be_v small_a genova_n and_o not_o very_o fertile_a have_v little_a natural_a wealth_n or_o material_n to_o employ_v the_o people_n nor_o yet_o victual_n sufficient_a to_o feed_v they_o but_o nevertheless_o by_o their_o industry_n in_o former_a time_n by_o foreign_a trade_n into_o egypt_n soria_n constantinople_n and_o all_o those_o levant_n part_n for_o spice_n drug_n raw_a silk_n and_o many_o other_o rich_a ware_n with_o which_o they_o serve_v the_o most_o place_n of_o europe_n they_o grow_v to_o a_o incredible_a wealth_n which_o give_v life_n unto_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o city_n the_o pomp_n of_o their_o building_n and_o other_o singular_a beauty_n but_o after_o the_o foundation_n and_o increase_n of_o that_o famous_a city_n of_o venice_n the_o say_a trade_n turn_v that_o way_n and_o since_o likewise_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o do_v come_v into_o england_n spain_n and_o the_o low_a country_n by_o navigation_n direct_o from_o the_o east_n indies_n which_o alteration_n in_o the_o traffic_n have_v force_v they_o of_o genova_n to_o change_v their_o course_n of_o trade_n with_o ware_n into_o exchange_v of_o their_o money_n which_o for_o gain_v they_o spread_v not_o only_o into_o divers_a country_n where_o the_o trade_n be_v perform_v with_o merchandise_n but_o more_o especial_o they_o do_v therewith_o serve_v the_o want_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o flanders_n and_o other_o place_n for_o their_o war_n whereby_o the_o private_a merchant_n be_v much_o enrich_v but_o the_o public_a treasure_n by_o this_o course_n be_v not_o increase_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genova_n do_v suffer_v this_o inconvenience_n be_v these_o first_o and_o principal_o they_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v those_o trade_n which_o they_o can_v keep_v from_o other_o nation_n who_o have_v better_a mean_n by_o situation_n ware_n ship_n munition_n and_o the_o like_a to_o perform_v these_o affair_n with_o more_o advantage_n than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v second_o they_o proceed_v like_o a_o wise_a state_n who_o still_o retain_v as_o much_o trade_n as_o they_o can_v although_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o procure_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v for_o have_v few_o or_o no_o material_n of_o their_o own_o to_o employ_v their_o people_n yet_o they_o supply_v this_o want_n by_o the_o fleece-wools_a of_o spain_n and_o raw_a silk_n of_o sicilia_n work_v they_o into_o velvet_n damask_n satin_n woollen-drapery_n and_o other_o manufacture_n three_o whereas_o they_o find_v no_o mean_n in_o their_o own_o country_n to_o employ_v and_o trade_v their_o great_a wealth_n to_o profit_n they_o content_v themselves_o to_o do_v it_o in_o spain_n and_o other_o place_n either_o in_o merchandise_n or_o by_o exchange_v their_o money_n for_o gain_v to_o those_o merchant_n who_o trade_n therewith_o in_o ware_n and_o thus_o wheresoever_o they_o live_v abroad_o for_o a_o time_n circuit_v the_o world_n for_o gain_v yet_o in_o the_o end_n the_o centre_n of_o this_o profit_n be_v in_o their_o own_o native_a country_n last_o the_o government_n of_o genova_n be_v aristocracy_n they_o be_v assure_v that_o although_o the_o public_a get_v little_a yet_o if_o their_o private_a merchant_n gain_v much_o from_o stranger_n they_o shall_v do_v well_o enough_o because_o the_o rich_a and_o secure_a treasure_n of_o a_o free_a state_n be_v the_o riches_n of_o the_o
propari_fw-fr as_o i_o have_v be_v credible_o inform_v which_o be_v the_o change_a and_o rechanging_a here_o within_o the_o realm_n of_o all_o the_o plate_n bullion_n and_o monies_n forraign_n or_o sterling_n to_o pass_v only_o by_o a_o office_n call_v the_o king_n royal_a exchanger_n or_o his_o deputy_n pay_v they_o a_o penny_n upon_o the_o value_n of_o every_o noble_a which_o may_v raise_v much_o to_o their_o private_a good_a and_o destroy_v more_o to_o the_o public_a hurt_n for_o it_o will_v decay_v the_o king_n coinage_n deprive_v the_o kingdom_n of_o much_o treasure_n abridge_v the_o subject_n of_o their_o just_a liberty_n and_o utter_o overthrow_v the_o worthy_a trade_n of_o the_o goldsmith_n all_o which_o be_v plain_a and_o easy_a to_o the_o weak_a understanding_n i_o will_v therefore_o omit_v to_o amplify_v upon_o these_o particular_n chap._n xv._n of_o some_o excess_n and_o evil_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o notwithstanding_o decay_v not_o our_o trade_n nor_o treasure_n it_o be_v not_o my_o intent_n to_o excuse_v or_o extenuate_v any_o the_o least_o excess_n or_o evil_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o rather_o high_o to_o approve_v and_o commend_v that_o which_o by_o other_o have_v be_v speak_v and_o write_v against_o such_o abuse_n yet_o in_o this_o discourse_n of_o treasure_n as_o i_o have_v already_o set_v down_o affirmative_o which_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n that_o may_v either_o augment_v or_o decrease_v the_o same_o so_o be_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o continue_v my_o negative_a declaration_n of_o those_o enormity_n and_o action_n which_o can_v work_v these_o effect_n as_o some_o man_n have_v suppose_v for_o in_o redress_n of_o this_o important_a business_n if_o we_o mistake_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o malady_n we_o shall_v ever_o apply_v such_o cure_n as_o will_v at_o least_o delay_n if_o not_o confound_v the_o remedy_n let_v we_o then_o begin_v with_o usury_n which_o if_o it_o may_v be_v turn_v into_o charity_n and_o that_o they_o who_o be_v rich_a will_v lend_v to_o the_o poor_a free_o it_o be_v a_o work_n please_v to_o almighty_a god_n and_o profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o take_v it_o in_o the_o degree_n it_o now_o stand_v how_o can_v we_o well_o say_v that_o as_o usury_n increase_v so_o trade_n decrease_v for_o although_o it_o be_v true_a that_o some_o man_n give_v over_o trade_n and_o buy_v land_n or_o put_v out_o their_o money_n to_o use_v when_o they_o be_v grow_v rich_a or_o old_a or_o for_o some_o other_o the_o like_a occasion_n yet_o for_o all_o this_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o trade_n must_v lessen_v for_o this_o course_n in_o the_o rich_a give_v opportunity_n present_o to_o the_o young_a &_o poor_a merchant_n to_o rise_v in_o the_o world_n and_o to_o enlarge_v their_o deal_n to_o the_o performance_n whereof_o if_o they_o want_v mean_n of_o their_o own_o they_o may_v and_o do_v take_v it_o up_o at_o interest_n so_o that_o our_o money_n lie_v not_o dead_a it_o be_v still_o trade_v how_o many_o merchant_n and_o shopkeeper_n have_v begin_v with_o little_a or_o nothing_o of_o their_o own_o and_o yet_o be_v grow_v very_o rich_a by_o trade_v with_o other_o man_n money_n do_v we_o not_o know_v that_o when_o trade_n be_v quick_a and_o good_a many_o man_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o experience_n and_o have_v credit_n to_o take_v up_o money_n at_o interest_n do_v trade_n for_o much_o more_o than_o they_o be_v worth_a of_o their_o own_o stock_n by_o which_o diligence_n of_o the_o industrious_a the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v increase_v the_o money_n of_o widow_n orphan_n lawyer_n gentleman_n and_o other_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o course_n of_o foreign_a trade_n which_o themselves_o have_v no_o skill_n to_o perform_v we_o find_v at_o this_o present_a that_o notwithstanding_o the_o poverty_n we_o be_v fall_v into_o by_o the_o excess_n and_o loss_n of_o late_a time_n yet_o that_o many_o man_n have_v much_o money_n in_o their_o chest_n and_o know_v not_o how_o to_o dispose_v thereof_o because_o the_o merchant_n will_v not_o take_v the_o same_o at_o interest_n although_o at_o low_a rate_n in_o regard_n there_o be_v a_o stop_n of_o trade_n in_o spain_n and_o in_o france_n whereby_o he_o can_v employ_v his_o own_o mean_n much_o less_o other_o man_n money_n so_o that_o for_o these_o and_o some_o other_o reason_n which_o may_v be_v allege_v we_o may_v conclude_v contrary_a to_o those_o who_o affirm_v that_o trade_n decrease_v as_o usury_n increase_v for_o they_o rise_v and_o fall_v together_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o hear_v our_o lawyer_n much_o condemn_v the_o vexation_n and_o charge_n by_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n do_v exceed_v all_o the_o other_o kingdom_n of_o christendom_n but_o whether_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o lawyer_n covetousness_n or_o the_o people_n perverseness_n it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n and_o let_v this_o be_v as_o it_o may_v i_o will_v inquire_v no_o far_o therein_o than_o our_o present_a discourse_n do_v require_v concern_v the_o decay_n of_o our_o trade_n and_o impoverish_v of_o the_o kingdom_n sure_o i_o be_o that_o suit_n in_o law_n make_v many_o a_o man_n poor_a and_o penniless_a but_o how_o it_o shall_v make_v we_o trade_n for_o less_o by_o one_o single_a penny_n i_o can_v well_o conceive_v for_o although_o among_o the_o great_a number_n of_o they_o who_o be_v vex_v and_o undo_v by_o controversy_n there_o be_v ever_o some_o merchant_n yet_o we_o know_v that_o one_o man_n necessity_n become_v another_o man_n opportunity_n i_o never_o know_v as_o yet_o a_o decay_n in_o our_o trade_n and_o treasure_n for_o want_v of_o merchant_n or_o mean_v to_o employ_v we_o but_o rather_o by_o excessive_a consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n at_o home_n or_o by_o a_o declination_n in_o the_o vent_n of_o our_o commodity_n abroad_o cause_v either_o by_o the_o ruinous_a effect_n of_o war_n or_o some_o alteration_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v more_o full_o in_o the_o three_o chapter_n but_o to_o conclude_v with_o the_o lawyer_n i_o say_v that_o their_o noble_a profession_n be_v necessary_a for_o all_o and_o their_o case_n quillet_n delay_n and_o charge_n be_v mischievous_a to_o many_o these_o thing_n indeed_o be_v canker_n in_o the_o estate_n of_o particular_a man_n but_o not_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o some_o suppose_v for_o one_o man_n loss_n become_v another_o man_n gain_n it_o be_v still_o in_o the_o kingdom_n i_o wish_v it_o may_v as_o sure_o remain_v in_o the_o right_a place_n last_o all_o kind_n of_o bounty_n and_o pomp_n be_v not_o to_o be_v avoid_v for_o if_o we_o shall_v become_v so_o frugal_a that_o we_o will_v use_v few_o or_o no_o foreign_a ware_n how_o shall_v we_o then_o vent_v our_o own_o commodity_n what_o will_v become_v of_o our_o ship_n mariner_n munition_n our_o poor_a artificer_n and_o many_o other_o do_v we_o hope_v that_o other_o country_n will_v afford_v we_o money_n for_o all_o our_o ware_n without_o buy_v or_o barter_v for_o some_o of_o they_o this_o will_v prove_v a_o vain_a expectation_n it_o be_v more_o safe_a and_o sure_a to_o run_v a_o middle_a course_n by_o spend_v moderate_o which_o will_v purchase_v treasure_n plentiful_o again_o the_o pomp_n of_o building_n apparel_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o other_o able_a person_n can_v impoverish_v the_o kingdom_n if_o it_o be_v do_v with_o curious_a and_o costly_a work_n upon_o our_o material_n and_o by_o our_o own_o people_n it_o will_v maintain_v the_o poor_a with_o the_o purse_n of_o the_o rich_a which_o be_v the_o best_a distribution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o if_o any_o man_n say_v that_o when_o the_o people_n want_v work_n than_o the_o fishing-trade_n will_v be_v a_o better_a employment_n and_o far_o more_o profitable_a i_o subscribe_v willing_o for_o in_o that_o great_a business_n there_o be_v mean_n enough_o to_o employ_v both_o rich_a and_o poor_a whereof_o there_o have_v be_v much_o say_v and_o write_v it_o rest_v only_o that_o something_o may_v be_v as_o well_o effect_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o wealth_n both_o of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o kingdom_n chap._n xvi_o how_o the_o revenue_n and_o income_n of_o prince_n may_v just_o be_v raise_v now_o that_o we_o have_v set_v down_o the_o true_a course_n by_o which_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v enrich_v with_o treasure_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v endeavour_v to_o show_v the_o way_n and_o mean_n by_o which_o a_o king_n may_v just_o share_v therein_o without_o the_o hurt_n or_o oppression_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o revenue_n of_o prince_n as_o they_o differ_v much_o in_o quantity_n according_a to_o the_o greatness_n riches_n and_o trade_n of_o their_o respective_a dominion_n so_o likewise_o be_v there_o great_a diversity_n use_v in_o procure_v the_o same_o according_a
to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n the_o government_n law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n which_o no_o prince_n can_v alter_v but_o with_o much_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n some_o king_n have_v their_o crown_n land_n the_o first_o fruit_n upon_o ecclesiastical_a live_n custom_n toll_n and_o impost_n upon_o all_o trade_n to_o and_o from_o foreign_a country_n lones_fw-gr donation_n and_o subsidy_n upon_o all_o necessary_a occasion_n other_o prince_n and_o state_n leave_v the_o three_o last_o do_v add_v unto_o the_o rest_n a_o custom_n upon_o all_o new_a ware_n transport_v from_o one_o city_n to_o be_v use_v in_o any_o other_o city_n or_o place_n of_o their_o own_o dominion_n custom_n upon_o every_o alienation_n or_o sale_n of_o live_a cattle_n land_n house_n and_o the_o portion_n or_o marriage_n money_n of_o woman_n licence_n money_n upon_o all_o victual_v house_n and_o innkeeper_n head_n money_n custom_n upon_o all_o the_o corn_n wine_n oil_n salt_n and_o the_o like_a which_o grow_v and_o be_v consume_v in_o their_o own_o dominion_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o rabble_n of_o oppression_n serve_v to_o enrich_v those_o prince_n which_o exact_v they_o and_o to_o make_v the_o people_n poor_a and_o miserable_a which_o endure_v they_o especial_o in_o those_o country_n where_o these_o burden_n be_v lay_v at_o heavy_a rate_n at_o 4_o 5_o 6_o and_o 7._o per_fw-la cent_n but_o when_o all_o the_o circumstance_n and_o distinction_n of_o place_n be_v due_o consider_v they_o will_v be_v find_v not_o only_o necessary_a and_o therefore_o lawful_a to_o be_v use_v in_o some_o state_n but_o also_o in_o divers_a respect_n very_o profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n first_o there_o be_v some_o state_n as_o namely_o venice_n florence_n genova_n the_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o low_a country_n and_o other_o which_o be_v singular_a for_o beauty_n and_o excellent_a both_o for_o natural_a and_o artificial_a strength_n have_v likewise_o rich_a subject_n yet_o be_v of_o no_o very_a great_a extent_n nor_o enjoy_v such_o wealth_n by_o ordinary_a revenue_n as_o may_v support_v they_o against_o the_o sudden_a and_o powerful_a invasion_n of_o those_o mighty_a prince_n which_o do_v environ_v they_o they_o be_v therefore_o enforce_v to_o strengthen_v themselves_o not_o only_o with_o confederate_n and_o league_n which_o may_v often_o fail_v they_o in_o their_o great_a need_n but_o also_o by_o mass_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n and_o munition_n by_o those_o extraordinary_a course_n before_o write_v which_o can_v deceive_v they_o but_o will_v ever_o be_v ready_a to_o make_v a_o good_a defence_n and_o to_o offend_v or_o divert_v their_o enemy_n neither_o be_v these_o heavy_a contribution_n so_o hurtful_a to_o the_o happiness_n of_o the_o people_n as_o they_o be_v common_o esteem_v for_o as_o the_o food_n and_o raiment_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v make_v dear_a by_o excise_n so_o do_v the_o price_n of_o their_o labour_n rise_v in_o proportion_n whereby_o the_o burden_n if_o any_o be_v be_v still_o upon_o the_o rich_a who_o be_v either_o idle_a or_o at_o least_o work_v not_o in_o this_o kind_n yet_o have_v they_o the_o use_n and_o be_v the_o great_a consumer_n of_o the_o poor_n labour_n neither_o do_v the_o rich_a neglect_n in_o their_o several_a place_n and_o calling_n to_o advance_v their_o endeavour_n according_a to_o those_o time_n which_o do_v exhaust_v their_o mean_n and_o revenue_n wherein_o if_o they_o shall_v peradventure_o fail_v and_o therefore_o be_v force_v to_o abate_v their_o sinful_a excess_n and_o idle_a retainer_n what_o be_v all_o this_o but_o happiness_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n when_o virtue_n plenty_n and_o art_n shall_v thus_o be_v advance_v all_o together_o nor_o can_v it_o be_v true_o say_v that_o a_o kingdom_n be_v impoverish_v where_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o king_n from_o who_o also_o such_o yearly_a income_n have_v their_o annual_a issue_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o subject_n except_o only_o that_o part_n of_o the_o treasure_n which_o be_v lay_v up_o for_o the_o public_a good_a wherein_o likewise_o they_o who_o suffer_v have_v their_o safety_n and_o therefore_o such_o contribution_n be_v both_o just_a and_o profitable_a yet_o here_o we_o must_v confess_v that_o as_o the_o best_a thing_n may_v be_v corrupt_v so_o these_o tax_n may_v be_v abuse_v and_o the_o commonwealth_n notorious_o wrong_v when_o they_o be_v vain_o waste_v and_o consume_v by_o a_o prince_n either_o upon_o his_o own_o excessive_a pleasure_n or_o upon_o unworthy_a person_n such_o as_o deserve_v neither_o reward_n nor_o countenance_n from_o the_o majesty_n of_o a_o prince_n but_o these_o dangerous_a disorder_n be_v seldom_o see_v especial_o in_o such_o state_n as_o be_v aforenamed_a because_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o public_a treasure_n be_v in_o the_o power_n and_o under_o the_o discretion_n of_o many_o neither_o be_v it_o unknown_a to_o all_o other_o principality_n and_o government_n that_o the_o end_n of_o such_o excess_n be_v ever_o ruinous_a for_o they_o cause_v great_a want_n and_o poverty_n which_o often_o drive_v they_o from_o all_o order_n to_o exorbitance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v common_a policy_n among_o prince_n to_o prevent_v such_o mischief_n with_o great_a care_n and_o providence_n by_o do_v nothing_o that_o may_v cause_v the_o nobility_n to_o despair_v of_o their_o safety_n nor_o leave_v any_o thing_n undo_v which_o may_v gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o commonalty_n to_o keep_v all_o in_o due_a obedience_n but_o now_o before_o we_o end_v this_o tax_n point_n in_o hand_n we_o must_v remember_v likewise_o that_o all_o body_n be_v not_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o constitution_n for_o that_o which_o be_v physic_n to_o one_o man_n be_v little_o better_a than_o poison_n to_o another_o the_o state_n afore-written_a and_o divers_a other_o like_v to_o they_o can_v subsist_v but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o those_o extraordinary_a contribution_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v because_o they_o be_v not_o able_a otherwise_o in_o short_a time_n to_o raise_v sufficient_a treasure_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o a_o potent_a enemy_n who_o have_v power_n to_o invade_v they_o on_o the_o sudden_a as_o be_v already_o declare_v but_o a_o mighty_a prince_n who_o dominion_n be_v great_a and_o unite_a his_o subject_n many_o and_o loyal_a his_o country_n rich_a both_o by_o nature_n and_o traffic_n his_o victual_n and_o warlike_a provision_n plentiful_a and_o ready_a his_o situation_n easy_a to_o offend_v other_o and_o difficult_a to_o be_v invade_v his_o harbour_n good_a his_o navy_n strong_a his_o alliance_n powerful_a subject_n and_o his_o ordinary_a revenue_n sufficient_a royal_o to_o support_v the_o majesty_n of_o his_o state_n beside_o a_o reasonable_a sum_n which_o may_v be_v advance_v to_o lay_v up_o yearly_a in_o treasure_n for_o future_a occasion_n shall_v not_o all_o these_o blessing_n be_v well_o order_v enable_v a_o prince_n against_o the_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o any_o mighty_a enemy_n without_o impose_v those_o extraordinary_a and_o heavy_a tax_n shall_v not_o the_o wealthy_a and_o loyal_a subject_n of_o such_o a_o great_a and_o just_a prince_n maintain_v his_o honour_n and_o their_o own_o liberty_n with_o life_n and_o good_n always_o supply_v the_o treasure_n of_o their_o sovereign_n until_o by_o a_o well_o order_v war_n he_o may_v enforce_v a_o happy_a peace_n yes_o very_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v expect_v and_o thus_o shall_v a_o mighty_a prince_n be_v more_o powerful_a in_o preserve_v the_o wealth_n and_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n than_o by_o treasure_v up_o their_o riches_n with_o unnecessary_a tax_n which_o can_v but_o alter_v and_o provoke_v they_o yea_o but_o say_v some_o man_n we_o may_v easy_o contradict_v all_o this_o by_o example_n take_v from_o some_o of_o the_o great_a monarch_n of_o christendom_n who_o beside_o those_o income_n which_o here_o be_v term_v ordinary_a they_o add_v likewise_o all_o or_o the_o most_o of_o the_o other_o heavy-contributions_a all_o which_o we_o grant_v and_o more_o for_o they_o use_v also_o to_o sell_v their_o office_n &_o place_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v a_o act_n both_o base_a &_o wicked_a because_o it_o rob_v worthy_a man_n of_o their_o merit_n &_o betray_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o innocent_a whereby_o god_n be_v displease_v the_o people_n oppress_v and_o virtue_n banish_v from_o such_o unhappy_a kingdom_n shall_v we_o then_o say_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v lawful_a and_o necessary_a because_o they_o be_v use_v god_n forbid_v we_o know_v better_o and_o we_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o these_o exaction_n be_v not_o take_v for_o a_o necessary_a defence_n of_o their_o own_o right_n but_o through_o pride_n and_o covetousness_n to_o add_v kingdom_n to_o kingdom_n and_o so_o to_o usurp_v the_o right_n of_o other_o which_o action_n of_o impiety_n subject_n be_v ever_o shadow_v with_o some_o fair_a
pretence_n of_o sanctity_n as_o be_v do_v for_o the_o catholic_n cause_n the_o propagation_n of_o the_o church_n the_o suppression_n of_o heretic_n and_o such_o like_a delusion_n serve_v only_o to_o further_a their_o own_o ambition_n whereof_o in_o this_o place_n it_o shall_v be_v needless_a to_o make_v any_o large_a discourse_n chap._n xvii_o whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o great_a prince_n to_o lay_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n before_o we_o set_v down_o the_o quantity_n of_o treasure_n which_o prince_n may_v convenient_o lay_v up_o yearly_a without_o hurt_v the_o commonwealth_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o examine_v whether_o the_o act_n itself_o of_o treasure_v be_v necessary_a for_o in_o common_a conference_n we_o ever_o find_v some_o man_n who_o do_v so_o much_o dote_v or_o hope_n upon_o the_o liberality_n of_o prince_n that_o they_o term_v it_o baseness_n and_o conceive_v it_o needless_a for_o they_o to_o lay_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n account_v the_o honour_n and_o safety_n of_o great_a prince_n to_o consist_v more_o in_o their_o bounty_n than_o in_o their_o money_n which_o they_o labour_v to_o confirm_v by_o the_o example_n of_o caesar_n alexander_n and_o other_o who_o hate_v covetousness_n achieve_v may_v act_n and_o victory_n by_o lavish_a gift_n and_o liberal_a expense_n unto_o which_o they_o add_v also_o the_o little_a fruit_n which_o come_v by_o that_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o king_n david_n lay_v up_o and_o leave_v to_o his_o son_n solomon_n who_o notwithstanding_o this_o and_o all_o his_o other_o rich_a present_n and_o wealthy_a traffic_n in_o a_o quiet_a reign_n consume_v all_o with_o pomp_n and_o vain_a delight_n except_v only_o that_o which_o be_v spend_v in_o building_n of_o the_o temple_n whereupon_o say_v they_o if_o so_o much_o treasure_n gather_v by_o so_o just_a a_o king_n effect_v so_o little_a what_o shall_v we_o hope_v for_o by_o the_o endeavour_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o other_o prince_n sardanapalus_n leave_v ten_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o they_o that_o slay_v he_o darius_n leave_v twenty_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o alexander_n that_o take_v he_o nero_n be_v leave_v rich_a and_o extort_v much_o from_o his_o best_a subject_n give_v away_o above_o twelve_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o his_o base_a flatterer_n and_o such_o unworthy_a person_n which_o cause_v galba_n after_o he_o to_o revoke_v those_o gift_n a_o prince_n who_o have_v store_n of_o money_n hate_v peace_n despise_v the_o friendship_n of_o his_o neighbour_n and_o ally_n enter_v not_o only_o into_o unnecessary_a but_o also_o into_o dangerous_a war_n to_o the_o ruin_n and_o overthrow_v sometime_o of_o his_o own_o estate_n all_o which_o with_o divers_a other_o weak_a argument_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o for_o brevity_n i_o omit_v make_v nothing_o against_o the_o lawful_a gather_n and_o mass_v up_o of_o treasure_n by_o wise_a and_o provident_a prince_n if_o they_o be_v right_o understand_v for_o first_o concern_v those_o worthy_n who_o have_v obtain_v to_o the_o high_a top_n of_o honour_n and_o dignity_n by_o their_o great_a gift_n and_o expense_n who_o know_v not_o that_o this_o have_v be_v do_v rather_o upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o their_o enemy_n than_o out_o of_o their_o own_o coffer_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o bounty_n that_o cause_v neither_o loss_n nor_o peril_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o prince_n which_o do_v not_o provident_o lay_v up_o treasure_n or_o do_v imoderate_o consume_v the_o same_o hand_n when_o they_o have_v it_o will_v sudden_o come_v to_o want_v and_o misery_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o do_v so_o soon_o decay_v as_o excessive_a bounty_n in_o use_v whereof_o they_o want_v the_o mean_n to_o use_v it_o and_o this_o be_v king_n solomon_n case_n notwithstanding_o his_o infinite_a treasure_n which_o make_v he_o overburthen_n his_o subject_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o for_o this_o cause_n many_o of_o they_o rebel_v against_o his_o son_n rehoboam_n who_o thereby_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o dominion_n be_v so_o gross_o mislead_v by_o his_o young_a counsellor_n therefore_o a_o prince_n that_o will_v not_o oppress_v his_o people_n and_o yet_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v his_o estate_n and_o defend_v his_o right_n that_o will_v not_o run_v himself_o into_o poverty_n contempt_n hate_n and_o danger_n must_v lay_v up_o treasure_n and_o be_v thrifty_a for_o further_a proof_n whereof_o i_o may_v yet_o produce_v some_o other_o example_n which_o here_o i_o do_v omit_v as_o needless_a only_o i_o will_v add_v this_o as_o a_o necessary_a rule_n to_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o more_o treasure_n must_v be_v raise_v than_o can_v be_v receive_v by_o the_o ordinary_a tax_n it_o ought_v ever_o to_o be_v do_v with_o equality_n to_o avoid_v the_o hate_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v never_o please_v except_o their_o contribution_n be_v grant_v by_o general_a consent_n for_o which_o purpose_n the_o invention_n of_o parliament_n be_v a_o excellent_a policy_n of_o government_n to_o keep_v a_o sweet_a concord_n between_o a_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n by_o restrain_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o redress_v the_o injury_n of_o the_o commons_o without_o engage_v a_o prince_n to_o adhere_v to_o either_o party_n but_o indifferent_o to_o favour_n both_o there_o can_v nothing_o be_v devise_v with_o more_o judgement_n for_o the_o common_a quiet_n of_o a_o kingdom_n or_o with_o great_a care_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o a_o king_n who_o hereby_o have_v also_o good_a mean_n to_o dispatch_v those_o thing_n by_o other_o which_o will_v move_v envy_n and_o to_o execute_v that_o himself_o which_o will_v merit_v thanks_o chap._n xviii_o how_o much_o treasure_n a_o prince_n may_v convenient_o lay_v up_o yearly_o thus_o far_o we_o have_v show_v the_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a income_n of_o prince_n the_o conveniency_n thereof_o and_o to_o who_o only_o it_o do_v necessary_o and_o just_o belong_v to_o take_v the_o extraordinary_a contribution_n of_o their_o subject_n it_o rest_v now_o to_o examine_v what_o proportion_n of_o treasure_n each_o particular_a prince_n may_v convenient_o lay_v up_o yearly_o this_o business_n do_v seem_v at_o the_o first_o to_o be_v very_o plain_a and_o easy_a for_o if_o a_o prince_n have_v two_o million_o yearly_a revenue_n and_o spend_v but_o one_o why_o shall_v he_o not_o lay_v up_o the_o other_o indeed_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o this_o course_n be_v ordinary_a in_o the_o mean_n and_o get_n of_o private_a man_n but_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o prince_n it_o be_v far_o different_a there_o be_v other_o circumstance_n to_o be_v consider_v for_o although_o the_o revenue_n of_o a_o king_n shall_v be_v very_o great_a yet_o if_o the_o gain_n yearly_o of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v but_o small_a this_o latter_a must_v ever_o give_v rule_n and_o proportion_n to_o that_o treasure_n which_o may_v convenient_o be_v lay_v up_o yearly_o for_o if_o he_o shall_v mass_n up_o more_o money_n than_o be_v gain_v by_o the_o overbalance_n of_o his_o foreign_a trade_n he_o shall_v not_o fleece_n but_o flay_v his_o subject_n and_o so_o with_o their_o ruin_n overthrow_v himself_o for_o want_n of_o future_a sheering_n to_o make_v this_o plain_a suppose_v a_o kingdom_n to_o be_v so_o rich_a by_o nature_n and_o art_n that_o it_o may_v supply_v itself_o of_o foreign_a ware_n by_o trade_n and_o yet_o advance_v yearly_a 200000_o l._n in_o ready_a money_n next_o suppose_v all_o the_o king_n revenue_n to_o be_v 900000_o l._n and_o his_o expense_n but_o 400000_o l._n whereby_o he_o may_v lay_v up_o 300000_o l._n more_o in_o his_o coffer_n yearly_a than_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n gain_v from_o stranger_n by_o foreign_a trade_n who_o see_v not_o then_o that_o all_o the_o money_n in_o such_o a_o state_n will_v sudden_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o prince_n treasure_n whereby_o the_o life_n of_o land_n and_o art_n must_v fail_v and_o fall_v to_o the_o ruin_n both_o of_o the_o public_a and_o private_a wealth_n so_o that_o a_o king_n who_o desire_v to_o lay_v up_o much_o money_n must_v endeavour_v by_o all_o good_a mean_n to_o maintain_v and_o increase_v money_n his_o foreign_a trade_n because_o it_o be_v the_o sole_a way_n not_o only_o to_o lead_v he_o to_o his_o own_o end_n but_o also_o to_o enrich_v his_o subject_n to_o his_o far_a benefit_n for_o a_o prince_n be_v esteem_v no_o less_o powerful_a by_o have_v many_o rich_a and_o well_o affect_v subject_n than_o by_o possess_v much_o treasure_n in_o his_o coffer_n but_o here_o we_o must_v meet_v with_o a_o objection_n which_o peradventure_o may_v be_v make_v concern_v such_o state_n whereof_o i_o have_v former_o speak_v which_o be_v of_o no_o great_a extent_n and_o yet_o border_v upon_o mighty_a prince_n be_v therefore_o constrain_v to_o lay_v extraordinary_a tax_n upon_o their_o subject_n whereby_o they_o procure_v to_o themselves_o very_o great_a income_n yearly_a and_o be_v