secure_v by_o they_o but_o man_n be_v in_o the_o same_o uncertain_a float_a estate_n with_o as_o without_o they_o a_o evident_a indubitable_a knowledge_n of_o unavoidable_a punishment_n great_a enough_o to_o make_v the_o transgression_n very_o uneligible_a must_v accompany_v a_o innate_a law_n unless_o with_o a_o innate_a law_n they_o can_v suppose_v a_o innate_a gospel_n too_o i_o will_v not_o be_v here_o mistake_v as_o if_o because_o i_o deny_v a_o innate_a law_n i_o think_v there_o be_v none_o but_o positive_a law_n there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o a_o innate_a law_n and_o a_o law_n of_o nature_n between_o something_o imprint_v on_o our_o mind_n in_o their_o very_a original_n and_o something_o that_o we_o may_v attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o by_o our_o natural_a faculty_n from_o natural_a principle_n and_o i_o think_v they_o equal_o forsake_v the_o truth_n who_o run_v into_o the_o contrary_a extreme_n either_o affirm_v a_o innate_a law_n or_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v a_o law_n knowable_a by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n i._n e._n without_o the_o help_n of_o positive_a revelation_n §_o 14._o the_o difference_n there_o be_v among_o man_n in_o their_o practical_a principle_n be_v so_o evident_a that_o i_o think_v i_o need_v say_v no_o more_o to_o evince_v that_o it_o will_v be_v imposisible_a to_o find_v any_o innate_a moral_a rule_n by_o this_o mark_n of_o general_a assent_n and_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v one_o suspect_v that_o the_o supposition_n of_o such_o innate_a principle_n be_v but_o a_o opinion_n take_v up_o at_o pleasure_n since_o those_o who_o talk_v so_o confident_o of_o they_o be_v so_o spare_v to_o tell_v we_o which_o they_o be_v this_o might_n with_o justice_n be_v expect_v from_o those_o man_n who_o lie_v stress_n upon_o this_o opinion_n and_o it_o give_v occasion_n to_o distrust_v either_o their_o knowledge_n or_o charity_n who_o declare_v that_o god_n have_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n the_o foundation_n of_o knowledge_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o live_v be_v yet_o so_o little_o favourable_a to_o the_o information_n of_o their_o neighbour_n or_o the_o quiet_a of_o mankind_n as_o not_o to_o point_v out_o to_o they_o which_o they_o be_v in_o the_o variety_n man_n be_v distract_v with_o but_o in_o truth_n be_v there_o any_o such_o innate_a principle_n there_o will_v be_v no_o need_n to_o teach_v they_o do_v man_n find_v such_o innate_a proposition_n stamp_v on_o their_o mind_n they_o will_v easy_o be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o other_o truth_n that_o they_o afterward_o learned_a and_o deduce_v from_o they_o and_o there_o will_v be_v nothing_o more_o easy_a than_o to_o know_v what_o and_o how_o many_o they_o be_v there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o doubt_n about_o their_o number_n than_o there_o be_v about_o the_o number_n of_o our_o finger_n and_o it_o be_v like_a then_o every_o system_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o give_v they_o we_o by_o tale_n but_o since_o no_o body_n that_o i_o know_v have_v venture_v yet_o to_o give_v a_o catalogue_n of_o they_o they_o can_v blame_v those_o who_o doubt_v of_o these_o innate_a principle_n since_o even_o they_o who_o require_v man_n to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v such_o innate_a proposition_n do_v not_o tell_v we_o what_o they_o be_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o foresee_v that_o if_o different_a man_n of_o different_a sect_n shall_v go_v about_o to_o give_v we_o a_o list_n of_o those_o innate_a practical_a principle_n they_o will_v set_v down_o only_o such_o as_o suit_v their_o distinct_a hypothesis_n and_o be_v fit_a to_o support_v the_o doctrine_n of_o their_o particular_a school_n or_o church_n a_o plain_a evidence_n that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o innate_a truth_n nay_o a_o great_a part_n of_o man_n be_v so_o far_o from_o find_v any_o such_o innate_a moral_a principle_n in_o themselves_o that_o by_o deny_v freedom_n to_o mankind_n and_o thereby_o make_v man_n no_o other_o than_o bare_a machines_n they_o take_v away_o not_o only_o innate_a but_o all_o moral_a rule_n whatsoever_o and_o leave_v not_o a_o possibility_n to_o believe_v any_o such_o to_o those_o who_o can_v conceive_v how_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v capable_a of_o a_o law_n that_o be_v not_o a_o free_a agent_n and_o upon_o that_o ground_n they_o must_v necessary_o reject_v all_o principle_n of_o virtue_n who_o can_v put_v morality_n and_o mechanism_n together_o which_o be_v not_o very_o easy_a to_o be_v reconcile_v or_o make_v consistent_a §_o 15._o when_o i_o have_v write_v this_o be_v inform_v that_o my_o lord_n herbert_n have_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr veritate_fw-la assign_v these_o innate_a principle_n i_o present_o consult_v he_o hope_v to_o find_v in_o a_o man_n of_o so_o great_a part_n something_o that_o may_v satisfy_v i_o in_o this_o point_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o my_o enquiry_n in_o his_o chapter_n de_fw-fr instinctu_fw-la naturali_fw-la p._n 76._o edit_n 1656._o i_o meet_v with_o these_o six_o mark_n of_o his_o notitiae_fw-la commune_v 1._o prioritas_fw-la 2._o independentia_fw-la 3._o vniversalitas_fw-la 4._o certitudo_fw-la 5._o necessitas_fw-la i._n e._n as_o he_o explain_v it_o faciunt_fw-la ad_fw-la hominis_fw-la conservationem_fw-la 6._o modus_fw-la conformationis_fw-la i._n e._n assensus_fw-la nullâ_fw-la interpositâ_fw-la morâ_fw-la and_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o little_a treatise_n de_fw-fr religione_fw-la laici_fw-la he_o say_v this_o of_o these_o innate_a principle_n adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la uniuscujusvis_fw-la religionis_fw-la confinio_fw-la arctentur_fw-la quae_fw-la ubique_fw-la vigent_fw-la veritates_fw-la sunt_fw-la enim_fw-la in_o ipsâ_fw-la ment_fw-la coelitùs_fw-la descriptae_fw-la nullisque_fw-la traditionibus_fw-la sive_fw-la scriptis_fw-la sive_fw-la non_fw-la scriptis_fw-la obnoxiae_fw-la p._n 3._o and_o veritates_fw-la nostrae_fw-la catholicae_fw-la quae_fw-la tanquam_fw-la indubia_fw-la dei_fw-la effata_fw-la in_o foro_fw-la interiori_fw-la descripta_fw-la thus_o have_v give_v the_o mark_n of_o the_o innate_a principle_n or_o common_a notion_n and_o assert_v their_o be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n he_o proceed_v at_o last_o to_o set_v they_o down_o and_o they_o be_v these_o 1._o esse_fw-la aliquod_fw-la supremum_fw-la numen_fw-la 2._o numen_fw-la illud_fw-la coli_fw-la debere_fw-la 3._o virtutem_fw-la cum_fw-la pielate_fw-la conjunctam_fw-la optimam_fw-la esse_fw-la rationem_fw-la cultùs_fw-la divini_fw-la 4._o rescipiscendum_fw-la esse_fw-la à _fw-la peccatis_fw-la 5._o dari_n proemium_fw-la vel_fw-la poenam_fw-la post_fw-la hanc_fw-la vitam_fw-la transactam_fw-la these_o though_o i_o allow_v they_o to_o be_v clear_a truth_n and_o such_o as_o if_o right_o explain_v a_o rational_a creature_n can_v hardly_o avoid_v give_v his_o assent_n to_o yet_o i_o think_v he_o be_v far_o from_o prove_v they_o innate_a impression_n in_o foro_n interiori_fw-la descriptae_fw-la for_o i_o must_v take_v leave_n to_o observe_v §_o 16._o first_o that_o these_o five_o proposition_n be_v either_o all_o or_o more_o than_o all_o those_o common_a notion_n write_v on_o our_o mind_n by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n if_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o believe_v any_o at_o all_o to_o be_v so_o write_v since_o there_o be_v other_o proposition_n which_o even_o by_o his_o own_o rule_n have_v as_o just_a a_o pretence_n to_o such_o a_o original_a and_o may_v be_v as_o well_o admit_v for_o innate_a principle_n as_o at_o least_o some_o of_o these_o five_o he_o enumerate_v viz._n do_v as_o thou_o will_v be_v do_v unto_o and_o perhaps_o some_o hundred_o of_o other_o when_o well_o consider_v §_o 17._o second_o that_o all_o his_o mark_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o each_o of_o his_o five_o proposition_n viz._n his_o first_o second_o and_o third_z mark_n agree_v perfect_o to_o neither_o of_o they_o and_o the_o first_o second_o third_z four_o and_o six_o mark_v agree_v but_o ill_a to_o his_o three_o four_o and_o five_o proposition_n for_o beside_o that_o we_o be_v assure_v from_o history_n of_o many_o man_n nay_o whole_a nation_n who_o doubt_v or_o disbelieve_v some_o or_o all_o of_o they_o i_o can_v see_v how_o the_o three_o viz._n that_o virtue_n join_v with_o piety_n be_v the_o best_a worship_n of_o god_n can_v be_v a_o innate_a principle_n when_o the_o name_n or_o sound_a virtue_n be_v so_o hard_a to_o be_v understand_v liable_a to_o so_o much_o uncertainty_n in_o its_o signification_n and_o the_o thing_n it_o stand_v for_o so_o much_o contend_v about_o and_o difficult_a to_o be_v know_v and_o therefore_o this_o can_v be_v but_o a_o very_a uncertain_a rule_n of_o (null)_o practice_n and_o serve_v but_o very_o little_a to_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o life_n and_o be_v therefore_o very_o unfit_a to_o be_v assign_v as_o a_o innate_a practical_a principle_n §_o 18._o for_o let_v we_o consider_v this_o proposition_n as_o to_o its_o meaning_n for_o it_o be_v the_o sense_n and_o not_o sound_a that_o be_v and_o must_v be_v the_o principle_n or_o common_a
the_o figure_n of_o any_o of_o the_o wheel_n the_o dissolve_v of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o gold_n in_o aq_n regius_fw-la and_o not_o vice_n versa_fw-la will_v be_v then_o perhaps_o no_o more_o difficult_a to_o know_v than_o it_o be_v to_o a_o smith_n to_o understand_v why_o the_o turn_n of_o one_o key_n will_v open_v a_o lock_n and_o not_o the_o turn_n of_o another_o but_o whilst_o we_o be_v destitute_a of_o sense_n acute_a enough_o to_o discover_v the_o minute_n particle_n of_o body_n and_o to_o give_v we_o idea_n of_o their_o mechanical_a affection_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o property_n and_o way_n of_o operation_n nor_o can_v we_o be_v assure_v about_o they_o any_o far_a than_o some_o few_o trial_n we_o make_v be_v able_a to_o reach_v but_o whether_o they_o will_v succeed_v again_o another_o time_n we_o can_v be_v certain_a this_o hinder_v our_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o universal_a truth_n concern_v natural_a body_n and_o our_o reason_n carry_v we_o herein_o very_o little_a beyond_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n §_o 26._o and_o therefore_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o doubt_v that_o how_o far_o soever_o (null)_o industry_n may_v advance_v useful_a and_o experimental_a philosophy_n in_o physical_a thing_n scientifical_a will_n still_o be_v out_o of_o our_o reach_n because_o we_o want_v perfect_a and_o adequate_a idea_n of_o those_o very_a body_n which_o be_v near_a to_o we_o and_o most_o under_o our_o command_n those_o which_o we_o have_v rank_v into_o class_n under_o name_n and_o we_o think_v ourselves_o best_o acquaint_v with_o we_o have_v but_o very_o imperfect_a and_o incomplete_a idea_n of_o distinct_a idea_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o body_n that_o fall_v under_o the_o examination_n of_o our_o sense_n perhaps_o we_o may_v have_v but_o adequate_a idea_n i_o suspect_v we_o have_v not_o of_o any_o one_o among_o they_o and_o though_o the_o former_a of_o these_o will_v serve_v we_o for_o common_a use_n and_o discourse_n yet_o whilst_o we_o want_v the_o latter_a we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o scientifical_a knowledge_n nor_o shall_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v general_a instructive_a truth_n concern_v they_o certainty_n and_o demonstration_n be_v thing_n we_o must_v not_o in_o these_o matter_n pretend_v to_o by_o the_o colour_n figure_n taste_n and_o smell_v and_o other_o sensible_a quality_n we_o have_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o sage_n and_o hemlock_n as_o we_o have_v of_o a_o circle_n and_o a_o triangle_n but_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o particular_a primary_n quality_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o either_o of_o these_o plant_n nor_o of_o other_o body_n we_o will_v apply_v they_o to_o we_o can_v tell_v what_o effect_n they_o will_v produce_v nor_o when_o we_o see_v those_o effect_n can_v we_o so_o much_o as_o guess_v much_o less_o know_v their_o manner_n of_o production_n thus_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o particular_a mechanical_a affection_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o body_n that_o be_v within_o our_o view_n and_o reach_v we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o constitution_n power_n and_o operation_n and_o of_o body_n more_o remote_a we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o very_a outward_a shape_v and_o being_n §_o 27._o this_o at_o first_o sight_n will_v show_v we_o how_o disproportionate_a our_o knowledge_n be_v to_o the_o whole_a extent_n even_o of_o material_a being_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v the_o consideration_n of_o that_o infinite_a number_n of_o spirit_n that_o may_v be_v and_o probable_o be_v which_o be_v yet_o more_o remote_a from_o our_o knowledge_n whereof_o we_o have_v no_o cognizance_n nor_o can_v frame_v to_o ourselves_o any_o distinct_a idea_n of_o their_o several_a rank_n and_o sort_n we_o shall_v find_v this_o cause_n of_o ignorance_n conceal_v from_o we_o in_o a_o impenetrable_a obscurity_n almost_o the_o whole_a intellectual_a world_n a_o great_a certain_o and_o more_o beautiful_a world_n than_o the_o material_a for_o bate_v some_o very_a few_o and_o those_o if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o superficial_a idea_n which_o spirit_n we_o by_o reflection_n get_v of_o our_o own_o and_o of_o the_o father_n of_o all_o spirit_n the_o eternal_a independent_a author_n of_o they_o and_o we_o and_o all_o thing_n we_o have_v no_o certain_a information_n so_o much_o as_o of_o their_o existence_n but_o by_o revelation_n angel_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v natural_o beyond_o our_o discovery_n and_o all_o those_o intelligence_n whereof_o it_o be_v likely_a there_o be_v more_o order_n than_o of_o corporeal_a substance_n be_v thing_n whereof_o our_o natural_a faculty_n give_v we_o no_o certain_a account_n at_o all_o that_o there_o be_v mind_n and_o think_v being_n in_o other_o man_n as_o well_o as_o himself_o every_o man_n have_v a_o reason_n from_o their_o word_n and_o action_n to_o be_v satisfy_v but_o between_o we_o and_o the_o great_a god_n we_o can_v have_v no_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o spirit_n but_o by_o revelation_n much_o less_o have_v we_o distinct_a idea_n of_o their_o different_a nature_n condition_n state_n power_n and_o several_a constitution_n wherein_o they_o agree_v or_o differ_v from_o one_o another_o and_o from_o we_o and_o therefore_o in_o what_o concern_v their_o different_a species_n and_o property_n we_o be_v under_o a_o absolute_a ignorance_n §_o 28._o second_o what_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o substantial_a being_n that_n be_v in_o the_o universe_n the_o want_n of_o idea_n leave_v open_a to_o our_o knowledge_n we_o have_v see_v in_o the_o next_o place_n another_o cause_n of_o ignorance_n of_o no_o less_o moment_n be_v the_o want_n of_o a_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o those_o idea_n we_o have_v for_o wherever_o we_o want_v that_o we_o be_v utter_o uncapable_a of_o universal_a and_o certain_a knowledge_n and_o be_v as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n leave_v only_o to_o observation_n and_o experiment_n which_o how_o narrow_a and_o confine_v it_o be_v how_o far_o from_o general_a knowledge_n we_o need_v not_o be_v tell_v i_o shall_v give_v some_o few_o instance_n of_o this_o cause_n of_o our_o ignorance_n and_o so_o leave_v it_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o several_a body_n about_o we_o produce_v in_o we_o several_a sensation_n as_o of_o colour_n sound_n taste_n or_o smell_v pleasure_n and_o pain_n etc._n etc._n those_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o body_n have_v no_o affinity_n at_o all_o with_o these_o idea_n they_o produce_v in_o we_o there_o be_v no_o conceivable_a connexion_n between_o any_o impulse_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o body_n and_o any_o perception_n of_o a_o colour_n or_o smell_v we_o find_v in_o our_o mind_n we_o can_v have_v no_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o such_o operation_n beyond_o our_o experience_n and_o can_v reason_v no_o otherwise_o about_o they_o than_o as_o the_o effect_n or_o appointment_n of_o a_o infinite_o wise_a agent_n which_o perfect_o surpass_v our_o comprehension_n as_o the_o idea_n of_o sensible_a secundary_a quality_n we_o have_v in_o our_o mind_n can_v by_o we_o be_v no_o way_n deduce_v from_o bodily_a cause_n nor_o any_o correspondence_n or_o connexion_n be_v find_v between_o they_o and_o those_o primary_n quality_n which_o experience_n show_v we_o produce_v they_o in_o we_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o opetion_n of_o our_o mind_n upon_o our_o body_n be_v as_o unconceivable_a how_o any_o thought_n shall_v produce_v a_o motion_n in_o body_n be_v as_o remote_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o idea_n as_o how_o any_o body_n shall_v produce_v any_o thought_n in_o the_o mind_n that_o it_o be_v so_o if_o experience_n do_v not_o convince_v we_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o will_v never_o be_v able_a in_o the_o least_o to_o discover_v to_o we_o these_o and_o the_o like_a though_o they_o have_v a_o constant_a and_o regular_a connexion_n in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o thing_n yet_o that_o connexion_n be_v not_o discoverable_a in_o the_o idea_n themselves_o which_o appear_v to_o have_v no_o necessary_a dependence_n one_o on_o another_o we_o can_v attribute_v their_o connexion_n to_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o arbitrary_a determination_n of_o that_o alwise_a agent_n who_o have_v make_v they_o to_o be_v and_o to_o operate_v as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o way_n utter_o above_o our_o weak_a understanding_n to_o conceive_v §_o 29._o in_o some_o of_o our_o idea_n there_o be_v certain_a relation_n habitude_n and_o connexion_n so_o visible_o include_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o idea_n themselves_o that_o we_o can_v conceive_v they_o separable_a from_o they_o by_o any_o power_n whatsoever_o and_o in_o these_o only_a we_o be_v capable_a of_o certain_a and_o universal_a knowledge_n thus_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o right-lined_n triangle_n necessary_o carry_v with_o it_o a_o equality_n of_o its_o angle_n to_o two_o right_a one_o
nor_o can_v we_o conceive_v this_o relation_n this_o connexion_n of_o these_o two_o idea_n to_o be_v possible_o mutable_a or_o depend_v on_o any_o arbitrary_a power_n which_o of_o choice_n make_v it_o thus_o or_o can_v make_v it_o otherwise_o but_o the_o coherence_n and_o continuity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n the_o production_n of_o sensation_n in_o we_o of_o colour_n and_o sound_n etc._n etc._n by_o impulse_n and_o motion_n nay_o the_o original_a rule_n and_o communication_n of_o motion_n be_v such_o wherein_o we_o can_v discover_v no_o natural_a connexion_n with_o any_o idea_n we_o have_v we_o can_v but_o ascribe_v they_o to_o the_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o good_a pleasure_n of_o the_o wise_a architect_n i_o need_v not_o i_o think_v here_o mention_v the_o resurrection_n of_o our_o body_n the_o future_a state_n of_o this_o globe_n of_o earth_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v by_o every_o one_o acknowledge_v to_o depend_v whole_o on_o the_o determination_n of_o a_o free_a agent_n the_o thing_n that_o as_o far_o as_o our_o observation_n reach_v we_o constant_o find_v to_o proceed_v regular_o we_o may_v conclude_v do_v act_n by_o a_o law_n set_v they_o but_o yet_o a_o law_n that_o we_o know_v not_o whereby_o though_o cause_n work_v steady_o and_o effect_n constant_o flow_v from_o they_o yet_o their_o connexion_n and_o dependency_n be_v not_o discoverable_a in_o our_o idea_n we_o can_v have_v but_o a_o experimental_a knowledge_n of_o they_o from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o perceive_v what_o a_o darkness_n we_o be_v involve_v in_o how_o little_a it_o be_v of_o be_v and_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v that_o we_o be_v capable_a to_o know_v and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v do_v no_o injury_n to_o our_o knowledge_n when_o we_o modest_o think_v with_o ourselves_o that_o we_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a nature_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o all_o the_o thing_n contain_v in_o it_o that_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o a_o philosophical_a knowledge_n of_o the_o body_n that_o be_v about_o we_o and_o make_v a_o part_n of_o we_o concern_v their_o secundary_a quality_n power_n and_o operation_n we_o can_v have_v no_o universal_a certainty_n several_a effect_n come_v every_o day_n within_o the_o notice_n of_o our_o sense_n of_o which_o we_o have_v so_o far_o sensitive_a knowledge_n but_o the_o cause_n manner_n and_o certainty_n of_o their_o production_n for_o the_o two_o forego_v reason_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o in_o these_o we_o can_v go_v no_o far_o than_o particular_a experience_n inform_v we_o of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o by_o analogy_n to_o guess_v what_o effect_n the_o like_a body_n be_v upon_o other_o trial_n like_a to_o produce_v but_o as_o to_o a_o perfect_a science_n of_o natural_a body_n not_o to_o mention_v spiritual_a being_n we_o be_v i_o think_v so_o far_o from_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o such_o thing_n that_o i_o conclude_v it_o lose_v labour_n to_o seek_v after_o it_o §_o 30._o three_o where_o we_o have_v adequate_a idea_n and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o they_o yet_o we_o be_v often_o ignorant_a for_o want_v of_o trace_v those_o idea_n we_o have_v or_o may_v have_v and_o find_v out_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n which_o may_v show_v we_o what_o habitude_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n they_o have_v one_o with_o another_o and_o thus_o many_o be_v ignorant_a of_o mathematical_a truth_n not_o out_o of_o any_o imperfection_n of_o their_o faculty_n or_o uncertainty_n in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o but_o for_o want_v of_o application_n in_o acquire_v examine_v and_o by_o due_a way_n compare_v those_o idea_n that_o which_o have_v most_o contribute_v to_o hinder_v the_o due_a trace_v of_o our_o idea_n and_o find_v out_o their_o relation_n and_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n one_o with_o another_o have_v be_v i_o suppose_v the_o ill_a use_n of_o word_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o man_n shall_v ever_o true_o seek_v or_o certain_o discover_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o idea_n themselves_o whilst_o their_o thought_n flutter_v about_o or_o stick_v only_o in_o sound_n of_o doubtful_a and_o uncertain_a signification_n mathematician_n abstract_v their_o thought_n from_o name_n and_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o set_v before_o their_o mind_n the_o idea_n themselves_o that_o they_o will_v consider_v and_o not_o sound_v instead_o of_o they_o have_v avoid_v thereby_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o perplexity_n pudder_a and_o confusion_n which_o have_v so_o much_o hinder_v man_n progress_n in_o other_o part_n of_o knowledge_n who_o stick_v in_o word_n of_o undetermined_a and_o uncertain_a signification_n be_v unable_a to_o distinguish_v true_a from_o false_a certain_a from_o probable_a consistent_a from_o inconsistent_a in_o their_o own_o opinion_n whereby_o the_o increase_n bring_v into_o the_o stock_n of_o real_a knowledge_n have_v be_v very_o little_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o school_n dispute_n and_o write_n the_o world_n have_v be_v fill_v with_o whilst_o man_n be_v lose_v in_o the_o great_a wood_n of_o word_n know_v not_o whereabout_o they_o be_v how_o far_o their_o discovery_n be_v advance_v or_o what_o be_v want_v in_o their_o own_o or_o the_o general_a stock_n of_o knowledge_n have_v man_n in_o their_o discovery_n of_o the_o material_a do_v as_o they_o have_v in_o those_o of_o the_o intellectual_a world_n involve_v all_o in_o the_o obscurity_n of_o uncertain_a and_o doubtful_a term_n and_o way_n of_o talk_v volume_n write_v of_o navigation_n and_o voyage_n theory_n and_o story_n of_o zone_n and_o tide_n multiply_v and_o dispute_v nay_o ship_n build_v and_o fleet_n set_v out_o will_v never_o have_v teach_v we_o the_o way_n beyond_o the_o line_n and_o the_o antipode_n will_v be_v still_o as_o much_o unknown_a as_o when_o it_o be_v declare_v heresy_n to_o hold_v there_o be_v any_o but_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o of_o word_n and_o the_o ill_a or_o careless_a use_n that_o be_v common_o make_v of_o they_o i_o shall_v not_o say_v any_o thing_n more_o of_o it_o here_o §_o 31._o hitherto_o we_o have_v examine_v the_o extent_n of_o our_o knowledge_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o being_n that_n be_v there_o be_v another_o extent_n of_o it_o in_o respect_n of_o universality_n which_o will_v also_o deserve_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o in_o this_o regard_n our_o knowledge_n follow_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o idea_n if_o the_o idea_n be_v abstract_a who_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n we_o perceive_v our_o knowledge_n be_v universal_a for_o what_o be_v know_v of_o such_o general_a idea_n will_v be_v true_a of_o every_o particular_a thing_n in_o who_o that_o essence_n i._n e._n that_o abstract_a idea_n be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o what_o be_v once_o know_v of_o such_o idea_n will_v be_v perpetual_o and_o for_o ever_o true_a so_o that_o as_o to_o all_o general_a knowledge_n we_o must_v search_v and_o find_v it_o only_o in_o our_o own_o mind_n and_o it_o be_v only_o the_o examine_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n that_o furnish_v we_o with_o that_o truth_n belong_v to_o essence_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o abstract_a idea_n be_v eternal_a and_o be_v to_o be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o contemplation_n only_o of_o those_o essence_n as_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v know_v only_o from_o experience_n but_o have_v more_o to_o of_o this_o in_o the_o chapter_n where_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o general_a and_o real_a knowledge_n this_o may_v here_o suffice_v as_o to_o the_o universality_n of_o our_o knowledge_n in_o general_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o reality_n of_o our_o knowledge_n §_o 1._o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o my_o reader_n by_o this_o time_n may_v be_v apt_a to_o think_v that_o i_o have_v be_v all_o this_o while_n only_o build_v a_o castle_n in_o the_o air_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o say_v to_o i_o to_o what_o purpose_n all_o this_o stir_n knowledge_n say_v you_o be_v only_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n but_o who_o know_v what_o those_o idea_n may_v be_v be_v there_o any_o thing_n so_o extravagant_a as_o the_o imagination_n of_o man_n brain_n where_o be_v the_o head_n that_o have_v no_o chimaera_n in_o it_o or_o if_o there_o be_v a_o sober_a and_o a_o wise_a man_n what_o difference_n will_v there_o be_v by_o your_o rule_n between_o his_o knowledge_n and_o that_o of_o the_o most_o extravagant_a fancy_n in_o the_o world_n they_o both_o have_v their_o idea_n and_o perceive_v their_o agreement_n and_o disagreement_n one_o with_o another_o if_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n between_o they_o the_o advantage_n will_v be_v on_o the_o warm-headed_n man_n side_n as_o have_v the_o more_o idea_n and_o the_o more_o lively_a and_o so_o by_o your_o rule_n he_o will_v be_v the_o more_o
thing_n since_o most_o of_o those_o discourse_n which_o take_v up_o the_o thought_n and_o engage_v the_o dispute_n of_o those_o who_o pretend_v to_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o inquire_v after_o truth_n and_o certainty_n will_n i_o presume_v upon_o examination_n be_v find_v to_o be_v general_a proposition_n and_o notion_n in_o which_o existence_n be_v not_o at_o all_o concern_v all_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o mathematician_n about_o the_o square_n of_o a_o circle_n conic_a section_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o mathematics_n concern_v not_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o of_o those_o figure_n but_o their_o demonstration_n which_o depend_v on_o their_o idea_n be_v the_o same_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o square_a or_o circle_n exist_v in_o the_o world_n or_o no._n in_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o truth_n and_o certainty_n of_o moral_a discourse_n abstract_n from_o the_o life_n of_o man_n and_o the_o existence_n of_o those_o virtue_n in_o the_o world_n whereof_o they_o treat_v nor_o be_v tully_n office_n less_o true_a because_o there_o be_v no_o body_n in_o the_o world_n that_o exact_o practise_v his_o rule_n and_o live_v up_o to_o that_o pattern_n of_o a_o virtuous_a man_n which_o he_o have_v give_v we_o and_o which_o exist_v no_o where_o when_o he_o write_v but_o in_o idea_n if_o it_o be_v true_a in_o speculation_n i._n e._n in_o idea_n that_o murder_n deserve_v death_n it_o will_v also_o be_v true_a in_o reality_n of_o any_o action_n that_o exist_v comformable_a to_o that_o idea_n of_o murder_n as_o for_o other_o action_n the_o truth_n of_o that_o proposition_n concern_v they_o not_o and_o thus_o it_o be_v of_o all_o other_o species_n of_o thing_n which_o have_v no_o other_o essence_n but_o those_o idea_n which_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o men._n §_o 9_o but_o it_o will_v here_o be_v say_v that_o if_o moral_a knowledge_n be_v place_v in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o our_o own_o moral_a idea_n and_o those_o as_o other_o mode_n be_v of_o our_o own_o make_n what_o strange_a notion_n will_v there_o be_v of_o justice_n and_o temperance_n what_o confusion_n of_o virtue_n and_o vice_n if_o every_o one_o may_v make_v what_o idea_n of_o they_o he_o please_v no_o confusion_n nor_o disorder_n in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o nor_o the_o reason_n about_o they_o no_o more_o than_o in_o mathematics_n there_o will_v be_v a_o disturbance_n in_o the_o demonstration_n or_o a_o change_n in_o the_o property_n of_o figure_n and_o their_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v make_v a_o triangle_n with_o four_o corner_n or_o a_o trapezium_fw-la with_o four_o right_a angle_n that_o be_v in_o plain_a english_a change_v the_o name_n of_o the_o figure_n and_o call_v that_o by_o one_o name_n which_o mathematician_n call_v ordinary_o by_o another_o for_o let_v a_o man_n make_v to_o himself_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o figure_n with_o three_o angle_n whereof_o one_o be_v a_o right_a one_o and_o call_v it_o if_o he_o please_v equilaterum_fw-la or_o trapezium_fw-la or_o any_o thing_n else_o the_o property_n of_o and_o demonstration_n about_o that_o idea_n will_v be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o he_o call_v it_o a_o rectangular-triangle_n i_o confess_v the_o change_n of_o the_o name_n by_o the_o impropriety_n of_o speech_n will_v at_o first_o disturb_v he_o who_o know_v not_o what_o idea_n it_o stand_v for_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o figure_n be_v draw_v the_o consequence_n and_o demonstration_n be_v plain_a and_o clear_a and_o just_o the_o same_o be_v it_o in_o moral_a knowledge_n let_v a_o man_n have_v the_o idea_n of_o take_v from_o other_o without_o their_o consent_n what_o their_o honest_a industry_n have_v possess_v they_o of_o and_o call_v this_o justice_n if_o he_o please_v he_o that_o take_v the_o name_n here_o without_o the_o idea_n put_v to_o it_o will_v be_v mistake_v by_o join_v another_o idea_n of_o his_o own_o to_o that_o name_n but_o strip_v the_o idea_n of_o that_o name_n or_o take_v it_o such_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o speaker_n mind_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n will_v agree_v to_o it_o as_o if_o you_o call_v it_o injustice_n indeed_o wrong_a name_n in_o moral_a discourse_n breed_v usual_o more_o disorder_n because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o rectify_v as_o in_o mathematics_n where_o the_o figure_n once_o draw_v and_o see_v make_v the_o name_n useless_a and_o of_o no_o force_n for_o what_o need_n of_o a_o sign_n when_o the_o thing_n signify_v be_v present_a and_o in_o view_n but_o in_o moral_a name_n that_o can_v be_v so_o easy_o and_o shorty_fw-la do_v because_o of_o the_o many_o decomposition_n that_o go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o those_o modes_n but_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o the_o miscal_v of_o any_o of_o those_o idea_n contrary_a to_o the_o usual_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n of_o that_o language_n hinder_v notâ—_n â—_z but_o we_o may_v have_v certain_a and_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n of_o their_o several_a agreement_n and_o disagreement_n if_o we_o will_v careful_o as_o in_o mathematics_n keep_v to_o the_o same_o precise_a idea_n and_o trace_v they_o in_o their_o several_a relation_n one_o to_o another_o without_o be_v lead_v away_o by_o their_o name_n if_o we_o but_o separate_v the_o idea_n under_o consideration_n from_o the_o sign_n that_o stand_v for_o it_o our_o knowledge_n go_v equal_o on_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o real_a truth_n and_o certainty_n whatever_o sound_v we_o make_v use_v of_o §_o 10._o one_o thing_n more_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o that_o where_o god_n or_o any_o other_o lawmaker_n have_v define_v any_o moral_a name_n there_o they_o have_v make_v the_o essence_n of_o that_o species_n to_o which_o that_o name_n belong_v and_o there_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a to_o apply_v or_o use_v they_o otherwise_o but_o in_o other_o case_n it_o be_v bare_a impropriety_n of_o speech_n to_o apply_v they_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a usage_n of_o the_o country_n but_o yet_o even_a this_o too_o disturb_v not_o the_o certainty_n of_o that_o knowledge_n which_o be_v still_o to_o be_v have_v by_o a_o due_a contemplation_n and_o compare_v of_o those_o even_o nicknamed_a idea_n §_o 11._o three_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o be_v refer_v to_o archetype_n without_o we_o may_v differ_v from_o they_o and_o so_o our_o knowledge_n about_o they_o may_v come_v short_a of_o be_v real_a and_o these_o be_v our_o idea_n of_o substance_n which_o consist_v of_o a_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n suppose_v take_v from_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n may_v yet_o vary_v from_o they_o by_o have_v more_o or_o different_a idea_n unite_v in_o they_o than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v unite_v in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v â—hat_n they_o may_v and_o often_o do_v fail_v of_o be_v exact_o conformable_a to_o thing_n themselves_o §_o 12._o i_o say_v then_o that_o to_o have_v idea_n of_o substance_n which_o by_o be_v conformable_a to_o thing_n may_v afford_v we_o real_a knowledge_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o as_o in_o modes_n to_o put_v together_o such_o idea_n as_o have_v no_o inconsistency_n though_o they_o do_v never_o before_o so_o exist_v v_o g._n the_o idea_n of_o sacrilege_n or_o perjury_n etc._n etc._n be_v as_o real_a and_o true_a idea_n before_o as_o after_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o such_o fact_n but_o our_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v suppose_a copy_n and_o refer_v to_o archetype_n without_o we_o must_v still_o be_v take_v from_o something_o that_o do_v or_o have_v exi_v they_o must_v not_o consist_v of_o idea_n put_v together_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o our_o thought_n without_o any_o real_a pattern_n they_o be_v take_v from_o though_o we_o can_v perceive_v no_o inconsistence_n in_o such_o a_o combination_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o we_o know_v not_o what_o real_a constitution_n it_o be_v of_o substance_n whereon_o our_o simple_a idea_n depend_v and_o which_o real_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o strict_a union_n of_o some_o of_o they_o one_o with_o another_o and_o the_o exclusion_n of_o other_o there_o be_v very_o few_o of_o they_o that_o we_o can_v be_v sure_o be_v or_o be_v not_o inconsistent_a in_o nature_n any_o far_a than_o experience_n and_o sensible_a observation_n reach_v herein_o therefore_o be_v found_v the_o reality_n of_o our_o knowledge_n concern_v substance_n that_o all_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o they_o must_v be_v such_o and_o such_o only_a as_o be_v make_v up_o of_o such_o simple_a one_o as_o have_v be_v discover_v to_o co-exist_a in_o nature_n and_o our_o idea_n be_v thus_o true_a though_o not_o perhaps_o very_o exact_a copy_n be_v yet_o the_o subject_n of_o real_a as_o far_o as_o we_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o they_o which_o as_o have_v be_v already_o show_v will_v not_o be_v
contain_v in_o the_o other_o twenty_o time_n and_o contain_v the_o other_o twelve_o which_o a_o man_n may_v also_o do_v in_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n by_o make_v they_o in_o respect_n of_o one_o another_o more_o or_o less_o or_o equal_o comprehensive_a §_o 11._o though_o yet_o concern_v most_o word_n use_v in_o discourse_n especial_o argumentative_a and_o controversial_a there_o be_v this_o more_o to_o be_v complain_v of_o which_o be_v the_o worst_a sort_n of_o trifle_a and_o which_o set_v we_o yet_o far_o from_o the_o certainty_n of_o knowledge_n we_o hope_v to_o attain_v by_o they_o or_o find_v in_o they_o viz._n that_o most_o writer_n be_v so_o far_o from_o instruct_v we_o in_o the_o nature_n and_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n that_o they_o use_v their_o word_n loose_o and_o uncertain_o and_o do_v not_o by_o use_v they_o constant_o and_o steady_o in_o the_o same_o signification_n make_v plain_a and_o clear_a deduction_n of_o word_n one_o from_o another_o and_o make_v their_o discourse_n coherent_a and_o clear_a how_o little_a soever_o it_o be_v instructive_a which_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o do_v do_v they_o not_o find_v it_o convenient_a to_o shelter_v their_o ignorance_n or_o obstinacy_n under_o the_o obscurity_n and_o perplexedness_n of_o their_o term_n to_o which_o perhaps_o inadvertency_n and_o ill_a custom_n do_v in_o many_o man_n much_o contribute_v §_o 12._o to_o conclude_v bare_o verbal_a proposition_n may_v be_v know_v by_o these_o follow_a mark_n first_o all_o proposition_n wherein_o two_o abstract_a term_n be_v affirm_v one_o of_o another_o be_v bare_o about_o the_o signification_n of_o sound_n for_o since_o no_o abstract_a idea_n can_v be_v the_o same_o with_o any_o other_o but_o its_o self_n when_o its_o abstract_n name_n be_v affirm_v of_o any_o other_o term_n it_o can_v signify_v no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o it_o may_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v call_v by_o that_o name_n or_o that_o these_o two_o name_n signify_v the_o same_o idea_n thus_o shall_v any_o one_o say_v that_o parsimony_n be_v frugality_n that_o gratitude_n be_v justice_n that_o this_o or_o that_o action_n be_v or_o â—s_v not_o temperance_n however_o specious_a these_o and_o the_o like_a proposition_n may_v at_o first_o sight_n seem_v yet_o when_o we_o come_v to_o press_v they_o and_o examine_v nice_o what_o they_o contain_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o it_o all_o amount_n to_o nothing_o but_o the_o signfication_n of_o those_o term_n §_o 13._o second_o all_o proposition_n wherein_o a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o any_o term_n stand_v for_o be_v predicate_v of_o that_o term_n be_v only_o verbal_a v_o g._n to_o say_v that_o gold_n be_v a_o metal_n or_o heavy_a and_o thus_o all_o proposition_n wherein_o more_o comprehensive_a word_n call_v genera_n be_v affirm_v of_o subordinate_a or_o less_o comprehensive_a call_v species_n or_o individual_n be_v bare_o verbal_a when_o by_o these_o two_o rule_n we_o have_v examine_v the_o proposition_n that_o make_v up_o the_o discourse_n we_o ordinary_o meet_v with_o both_o in_o and_o out_o of_o book_n we_o shall_v perhaps_o find_v that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o than_o be_v usual_o suspect_v be_v pure_o about_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n and_o contain_v nothing_o in_o they_o but_o the_o use_n and_o application_n of_o these_o sign_n this_o i_o think_v i_o may_v lay_v down_o for_o a_o infallible_a rule_n that_o wherever_o the_o distinct_a idea_n any_o word_n stand_v for_o be_v not_o know_v and_o consider_v and_o something_o not_o contain_v in_o that_o idea_n be_v not_o affirm_v or_o deny_v of_o it_o there_o our_o thought_n stick_v whole_o in_o sound_n and_o be_v able_a to_o attain_v no_o real_a truth_n or_o falsehood_n this_o perhaps_o if_o well_o heed_v may_v save_v we_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o useless_a amusement_n and_o dispute_n and_o very_o much_o shorten_v our_o trouble_n and_o wander_v in_o the_o search_n of_o real_a and_o true_a knowledge_n chap._n ix_o of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o existence_n §_o 1._o hitherto_o we_o have_v only_o consider_v the_o essence_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v only_o abstract_a idea_n and_o thereby_o remove_v in_o our_o thought_n from_o particular_a existence_n that_o be_v the_o proper_a operation_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o abstraction_n to_o consider_v a_o idea_n under_o no_o other_o existence_n but_o what_o it_o have_v in_o the_o understanding_n give_v we_o no_o knowledge_n of_o real_a existence_n at_o all_o where_o by_o the_o way_n we_o take_v notice_n that_o universal_a proposition_n of_o who_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n we_o can_v have_v certain_a knowledge_n concern_v not_o existence_n and_o far_o that_o all_o particular_a affirmation_n or_o negation_n that_o will_v not_o be_v certain_a if_o they_o be_v make_v general_a be_v only_o concern_v existence_n they_o declare_v only_o the_o accidental_a union_n or_o separation_n of_o idea_n in_o thing_n exist_v which_o in_o their_o abstract_n nature_n have_v no_o know_v necessary_a union_n or_o repugnancy_n §_o 2._o but_o leave_v the_o nature_n of_o proposition_n and_o different_a way_n of_o predication_n to_o be_v consider_v more_o at_o large_a in_o another_o place_n let_v we_o proceed_v now_o to_o inquire_v concern_v our_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n and_o how_o we_o come_v by_o it_o i_o say_v then_o that_o we_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o existence_n by_o intuition_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o god_n by_o demonstrationâ—_n and_o of_o other_o thing_n by_o sensation_n §_o 3._o as_o for_o our_o own_o existence_n we_o perceive_v it_o so_o plain_o and_o so_o certain_o that_o it_o neither_o needs_o nor_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o proof_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o evident_a to_o we_o than_o our_o own_o existence_n i_o think_v i_o reason_n i_o feel_v pleasure_n and_o pain_n can_v any_o of_o these_o be_v more_o evident_a to_o i_o than_o my_o own_o existence_n if_o i_o doubt_v of_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o very_a doubt_n make_v i_o perceive_v my_o own_o existence_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v i_o to_o doubt_v of_o that_o for_o if_o i_o know_v i_o feel_v pain_n it_o be_v evident_a i_o have_v as_o certain_a a_o perception_n of_o my_o own_o existence_n as_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o the_o pain_n i_o feel_v or_o if_o i_o know_v i_o doubt_v i_o have_v as_o certain_a a_o perception_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o the_o thing_n doubt_v as_o of_o that_o thought_n which_o i_o call_v doubt_n experience_n then_o convince_v we_o that_o we_o have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o existence_n and_o a_o internal_a infallible_a perception_n that_o we_o be_v in_o every_o act_n of_o sensation_n reason_v or_o think_v we_o be_v conscious_a to_o ourselves_o of_o our_o own_o be_v and_o in_o this_o matter_n come_v not_o short_a of_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o certainty_n chap._n x._o of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god._n §_o 1._o though_o god_n have_v give_v we_o no_o innate_a idea_n of_o himself_o though_o he_o have_v stamp_v no_o original_a character_n in_o our_o mind_n wherein_o we_o may_v read_v his_o be_v yet_o have_v furnish_v we_o with_o those_o faculty_n our_o mind_n be_v endow_v with_o he_o have_v not_o leave_v himself_o without_o witness_n since_o we_o have_v sense_n perception_n and_o reason_n and_o can_v want_v a_o clear_a proof_n of_o he_o as_o long_o as_o we_o carry_v ourselves_o about_o we_o nor_o can_v we_o just_o complain_v of_o our_o ignorance_n in_o this_o great_a point_n since_o he_o have_v so_o plentiful_o provide_v we_o with_o the_o mean_n to_o discover_v and_o know_v he_o so_o far_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o end_n of_o our_o be_v and_o the_o great_a concernment_n of_o our_o happiness_n but_o though_o this_o be_v the_o most_o obvious_a truth_n that_o reason_n discover_v and_o though_o its_o evidence_n be_v if_o i_o mistake_v not_o equal_a to_o mathematical_a certainty_n yet_o it_o require_v thought_n and_o attention_n and_o the_o mind_n must_v apply_v its_o self_n to_o a_o regular_a deduction_n of_o it_o from_o some_o unquestionable_a part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n or_o else_o we_o shall_v be_v as_o uncertain_a and_o ignorant_a of_o this_o as_o of_o other_o proposition_n which_o be_v in_o themselves_o capable_a of_o clear_a demonstration_n to_o show_v therefore_o that_o we_o be_v capable_a of_o know_v certain_o know_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n and_o how_o we_o come_v by_o it_o i_o think_v we_o need_v look_v no_o far_o than_o ourselves_o and_o that_o undoubted_a knowledge_n we_o have_v of_o our_o own_o existence_n §_o 2._o i_o think_v it_o be_v beyond_o question_n that_o man_n have_v a_o clear_a perception_n of_o his_o own_o be_v he_o know_v certain_o that_o he_o exist_v and_o that_o he_o be_v something_o he_o that_o can_v doubt_v whether_o he_o be_v any_o thing_n or_o no_o i_o speak_v
this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o knowledge_n and_o plenty_n seem_v to_o vie_v each_o with_o other_o yet_o to_o any_o one_o that_o will_v serious_o reflect_v on_o it_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v appear_v past_a doubt_n that_o be_v the_o use_n of_o iron_n lose_v among_o we_o we_o shall_v in_o a_o few_o age_n be_v unavoidable_o reduce_v to_o the_o want_v and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o ancient_a savage_a american_n who_o natural_a endowment_n and_o provision_n come_v no_o way_n short_a of_o those_o of_o the_o most_o flourish_a and_o polite_a notion_n so_o that_o he_o who_o first_o make_v know_v the_o use_n of_o that_o one_o contemptible_a mineral_n may_v be_v true_o style_v the_o father_n of_o art_n and_o author_n of_o plenty_n §_o 12._o i_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v think_v to_o disesteem_n or_o dissuade_v the_o study_n of_o nature_n i_o ready_o agree_v the_o contemplation_n of_o his_o work_n give_v we_o occasion_n to_o admire_v revere_a and_o glorify_v their_o author_n and_o if_o right_o direct_v may_v be_v of_o great_a benefit_n to_o mankind_n than_o the_o monument_n of_o exemplary_a charity_n that_o have_v at_o so_o great_a charge_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o founder_n of_o hospital_n and_o almshouse_n he_o that_o first_o invent_v print_v discover_v the_o use_n of_o the_o compass_n or_o make_v public_a the_o virtue_n and_o right_a use_n of_o kin_n kina_n do_v more_o for_o the_o propagation_n of_o knowledge_n for_o the_o acquisition_n of_o conveniency_n of_o life_n and_o save_v more_o from_o the_o grave_a than_o those_o who_o build_v college_n work-house_n and_o hospital_n all_o that_o i_o will_v say_v be_v that_o we_o shall_v not_o be_v too_o forward_o possess_v with_o the_o opinion_n or_o expectation_n of_o knowledge_n where_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v or_o by_o way_n that_o will_v not_o attain_v it_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o take_v doubtful_a system_n for_o complete_a science_n nor_o unintelligible_a notion_n for_o scientifical_a demonstration_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o body_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o glean_v what_o we_o can_v from_o particular_a experiment_n since_o we_o can_v from_o a_o discovery_n of_o their_o real_a essence_n grasp_v at_o a_o time_n whole_a sheaf_n and_o in_o bundle_n comprehend_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o whole_a species_n together_o where_o our_o enquiry_n be_v concern_v coexistence_n or_o repugnancy_n to_o co-exist_a which_o by_o contemplation_n of_o our_o idea_n we_o can_v discover_v there_o experience_v observation_n and_o natural_a history_n must_v give_v we_o by_o our_o sense_n and_o by_o retail_n a_o insight_n into_o corporeal_a substance_n the_o knowledge_n of_o body_n we_o must_v get_v by_o our_o sense_n wary_o employ_v in_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o quality_n and_o operation_n on_o one_o another_o and_o what_o we_o hope_v to_o know_v of_o separate_a spirit_n in_o this_o world_n we_o must_v i_o think_v expect_v only_o from_o revelation_n he_o that_o shall_v consider_v how_o little_a general_a maxim_n precarious_a principle_n and_o hypothesis_n lay_v down_o at_o pleasure_n have_v promote_v true_a knowledge_n or_o help_v to_o satisfy_v the_o inquiry_n of_o rational_a man_n after_o real_a improvement_n how_o little_a i_o say_v the_o set_v out_o at_o the_o end_n have_v for_o many_o age_n together_o advance_a man_n progress_n towards_o the_o knowledge_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n will_v think_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o thank_v those_o man_n who_o in_o this_o latter_a age_n have_v take_v another_o course_n and_o have_v tread_v out_o to_o we_o though_o not_o a_o easy_a way_n to_o learned_a ignorance_n yet_o a_o sure_a way_n to_o profitable_a knowledge_n §_o 13._o not_o that_o we_o may_v not_o to_o explain_v any_o phoenomena_fw-la of_o nature_n make_v use_n of_o any_o probable_a hypothesis_n whatsoever_o hypothesis_n if_o they_o be_v well_o make_v be_v at_o least_o great_a help_n to_o the_o memory_n and_o often_o direct_v we_o to_o new_a discovery_n but_o my_o mean_v be_v that_o we_o shall_v not_o take_v up_o any_o one_o too_o hasty_o which_o the_o mind_n that_o will_v always_o penetrate_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o thing_n and_o have_v principle_n to_o rest_v on_o be_v very_o apt_a to_o do_v till_o we_o have_v very_o well_o examine_v particular_n and_o make_v several_a experiment_n in_o that_o thing_n we_o will_v explain_v by_o our_o hypothesis_n and_o see_v whether_o it_o will_v agree_v to_o they_o all_o whether_o our_o principle_n will_v carry_v we_o quite_o through_o and_o not_o be_v as_o inconsistent_a with_o one_o phaenomenon_n of_o nature_n as_o they_o seem_v to_o accommodate_v and_o explain_v another_o and_o at_o least_o that_o we_o take_v care_n that_o the_o name_n of_o principle_n deceive_v we_o not_o nor_o impose_v on_o we_o by_o make_v we_o receive_v that_o for_o a_o unquestionable_a truth_n which_o be_v real_o at_o best_a but_o a_o very_a doubtful_a conjecture_n such_o as_o be_v most_o i_o have_v almost_o say_v all_o of_o the_o hypothesis_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n §_o 14._o but_o whether_o natural_a philosophy_n be_v capable_a of_o certainty_n or_o no_o the_o way_n to_o enlarge_v our_o knowledge_n as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v capable_a seem_v to_o i_o in_o short_a to_o be_v these_o two_o first_o the_o first_o be_v to_o get_v and_o settle_v in_o our_o mind_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v clear_a distinct_a and_o constant_a idea_n of_o those_o thing_n we_o will_v consider_v and_o know_v for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o our_o knowledge_n can_v exceed_v our_o idea_n where_o they_o be_v either_o imperfect_a or_o obscure_a we_o can_v expect_v to_o have_v certain_a and_o perfect_a knowledge_n second_o the_o other_o be_v the_o art_n of_o find_v out_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n which_o may_v show_v we_o the_o agreement_n or_o repugnancy_n of_o other_o idea_n which_o can_v be_v immediate_o compare_v §_o 15._o that_o these_o two_o and_o not_o the_o rely_v on_o maxim_n and_o draw_v consequence_n from_o some_o general_a proposition_n be_v the_o right_a method_n of_o improve_n our_o knowledge_n in_o other_o idea_n of_o modes_n the_o consideration_n of_o mathematical_a knowledge_n will_v easy_o inform_v we_o where_o first_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o he_o that_o have_v not_o a_o perfect_a and_o clear_a idea_n of_o those_o angles_n or_o figure_n of_o which_o he_o desire_v to_o know_v any_o thing_n be_v utter_o thereby_o uncapable_a of_o any_o knowledge_n about_o they_o suppose_v but_o a_o man_n not_o to_o have_v a_o perfect_a exact_a idea_n of_o a_o right_a angle_n a_o scalenum_n or_o trapezium_fw-la and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o clear_a that_o he_o will_v in_o vain_a seek_v any_o demonstration_n about_o they_o and_o far_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o influence_n of_o those_o maxim_n which_o be_v take_v for_o principle_n in_o mathematics_n that_o have_v lead_v the_o master_n of_o that_o science_n into_o those_o wonderful_a discovery_n they_o have_v make_v let_v a_o man_n of_o good_a part_n know_v all_o the_o maxim_n general_o make_v use_n of_o in_o mathematics_n never_o so_o perfect_o and_o contemplate_v their_o extent_n and_o and_o consequence_n as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v he_o will_v by_o their_o assistence_n i_o suppose_v scarce_o ever_o come_v to_o know_v that_o the_o square_a of_o the_o hypotieneuson_n in_o a_o right_a angle_a triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o square_n of_o the_o two_o other_o side_n the_o knowledge_n that_o the_o whole_a be_v equal_a to_o all_o its_o part_n and_o if_o you_o take_v equal_a from_o equal_a the_o remainder_n will_v be_v equal_a etc._n etc._n help_v he_o not_o i_o presume_v to_o this_o demonstration_n and_o a_o man_n may_v i_o think_v poor_a long_a enough_o on_o those_o axiom_n without_o ever_o see_v one_o jot_n the_o more_o of_o mathematical_a truth_n they_o have_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o thought_n otherways_o apply_v the_o mind_n have_v other_o object_n other_o view_v before_o it_o far_o different_a 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to_o the_o sallor_fw-la to_o know_v the_o length_n of_o his_o line_n though_o he_o can_v with_o it_o fathom_v all_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o ocean_n it_o be_v well_o he_o know_v that_o it_o be_v long_o enough_o to_o reach_v the_o bottom_n at_o such_o place_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o direct_v his_o voyage_n and_o caution_n he_o against_o run_v upon_o shoal_n that_o may_v ruin_v he_o our_o business_n here_o be_v not_o to_o know_v all_o thing_n but_o those_o which_o concern_v our_o conduct_n if_o we_o can_v find_v out_o those_o measure_n whereby_o a_o rational_a creature_n put_v in_o that_o state_n which_o man_n be_v in_o in_o this_o world_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o govern_v his_o opinion_n and_o action_n depend_v thereon_o we_o need_v not_o be_v trouble_v that_o some_o other_o thing_n escape_v our_o knowledge_n §_o 7._o this_o be_v that_o which_o give_v the_o first_o rise_v to_o this_o essay_n concern_v the_o understanding_n for_o i_o think_v that_o the_o first_o step_v towards_o 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multiply_v dispute_n which_o never_o come_v to_o any_o clear_a resolution_n be_v proper_a only_o to_o continue_v and_o increase_v their_o doubt_n and_o to_o confirm_v they_o at_o last_o in_o perfect_a scepticism_n whereas_o be_v the_o capacity_n of_o our_o understanding_n well_o consider_v the_o extent_n of_o our_o knowledge_n once_o discover_v and_o the_o horizon_n find_v which_o set_v the_o bound_n between_o the_o enlighten_v and_o dark_a part_n of_o thing_n between_o what_o be_v and_o what_o be_v not_o comprehensible_a by_o we_o man_n will_v perhaps_o with_o less_o scruple_n acquiesce_v in_o the_o avow_v ignorance_n of_o the_o one_o and_o employ_v their_o thought_n and_o discourse_n with_o more_o advantage_n and_o satisfaction_n in_o the_o other_o §_o 8._o thus_o much_o i_o think_v necessary_a to_o say_v concern_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o enquiry_n into_o (null)_o understanding_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v on_o to_o what_o i_o have_v think_v on_o this_o subject_a i_o must_v here_o in_o the_o entrance_n beg_v pardon_n of_o my_o reader_n for_o the_o frequent_a use_n of_o the_o word_n idea_n which_o he_o will_v find_v in_o the_o follow_a treatise_n it_o be_v that_o term_n which_o i_o think_v serve_v best_a to_o stand_v for_o whatsoever_o be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o understanding_n when_o a_o man_n think_v i_o have_v use_v it_o to_o express_v whatever_o be_v mean_v by_o phantasm_n notion_n species_n or_o whatever_o it_o be_v which_o the_o mind_n can_v be_v employ_v about_o in_o think_v and_o i_o can_v not_o avoid_v frequent_o use_v it_o i_o presume_v it_o will_v be_v easy_o grant_v i_o that_o there_o be_v such_o idea_n in_o man_n mind_n every_o one_o be_v conscious_a of_o they_o in_o himself_o and_o a_o man_n word_n and_o action_n will_v satisfy_v he_o that_o they_o be_v in_o other_o our_o first_o enquiry_n then_o shall_v be_v how_o they_o come_v into_o the_o mind_n chap._n ii_o no_o innate_a principle_n in_o the_o mind_n §_o 1._o it_o be_v a_o establish_a opinion_n among_o some_o man_n that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n certain_a innate_a principle_n some_o primary_n notion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d character_n as_o it_o be_v stamp_v upon_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n which_o the_o soul_n receive_v in_o its_o very_a first_o be_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o world_n with_o it_o it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o convince_v unprejudiced_a reader_n of_o the_o falseness_n of_o this_o supposition_n if_o i_o shall_v only_o show_v as_o i_o hope_v i_o shall_v in_o the_o follow_a part_n of_o this_o discourse_n how_o man_n bare_o by_o the_o use_n of_o their_o natural_a faculty_n may_v attain_v to_o all_o the_o knowledge_n they_o have_v without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o innate_a impression_n and_o may_v arrive_v at_o certainty_n without_o any_o such_o original_a notion_n or_o principle_n for_o i_o imagine_v any_o one_o will_v easy_o grant_v that_o it_o will_v be_v impertinent_a to_o suppose_v the_o idea_n of_o colour_n innate_a in_o a_o creature_n to_o who_o god_n have_v give_v sight_n and_o a_o power_n to_o receive_v they_o by_o the_o eye_n from_o external_a object_n and_o no_o less_o unreasonable_a will_v it_o be_v to_o attribute_v several_a truth_n to_o the_o impression_n of_o nature_n and_o innate_a character_n when_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o ourselves_o faculty_n fit_a to_o attain_v as_o easy_a and_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o they_o as_o if_o they_o be_v original_o imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n but_o because_o a_o man_n be_v not_o permit_v without_o censure_n to_o follow_v his_o own_o thought_n in_o the_o search_n of_o truth_n when_o they_o lead_v he_o ever_o so_o little_o out_o of_o the_o common_a road_n i_o shall_v set_v down_o the_o reason_n that_o make_v i_o doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o opinion_n as_o a_o excuse_n for_o my_o mistake_n if_o
i_o be_v in_o one_o which_o i_o leave_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o those_o who_o with_o i_o dispose_v themselves_o to_o embrace_v truth_n wherever_o they_o find_v it_o §_o 2._o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o common_o take_v for_o grant_v than_o that_o there_o be_v certain_a principle_n both_o speculative_a and_o practical_a for_o they_o speak_v of_o both_o universal_o agree_v upon_o by_o all_o mankind_n which_o therefore_o they_o argue_v must_v needs_o be_v the_o constant_a impression_n which_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n receive_v in_o their_o first_o being_n and_o which_o they_o bring_v into_o the_o world_n with_o they_o as_o necessary_o and_o real_o as_o they_o do_v any_o of_o their_o inherent_a faculty_n §_o 3._o this_o argument_n draw_v from_o universal_a consent_n have_v this_o misfortune_n in_o it_o that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a in_o matter_n of_o fact_n that_o there_o be_v certain_a truth_n wherein_o all_o mankind_n agree_v it_o will_v not_o prove_v they_o innate_a if_o there_o can_v be_v any_o other_o way_n show_v how_o man_n may_v come_v to_o that_o universal_a agreement_n in_o the_o thing_n they_o do_v consent_n in_o which_o i_o presume_v may_v be_v do_v §_o 4._o but_o which_o be_v worse_o this_o argument_n of_o universal_a consent_n which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o prove_v innate_a principle_n seem_v to_o i_o a_o demonstration_n that_o there_o be_v none_o such_o because_o there_o be_v none_o to_o which_o all_o mankind_n give_v a_o universal_a assent_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o speculative_a and_o instance_n in_o those_o magnify_a principle_n of_o demonstration_n whatsoever_o it_o be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v which_o of_o all_o other_o i_o think_v have_v the_o most_o allow_v title_n to_o innate_a these_o have_v so_o settle_v a_o reputation_n of_o maxim_n universal_o receive_v that_o it_o will_v no_o doubt_n be_v think_v strange_a if_o any_o one_o shall_v seem_v to_o question_v it_o but_o yet_o i_o take_v liberty_n to_o say_v that_o these_o proposition_n be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v a_o universal_a assent_n that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n to_o who_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o know_v §_o 5._o for_o first_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o child_n and_o idiot_n have_v not_o the_o least_o apprehension_n or_o thought_n of_o they_o and_o the_o want_n of_o that_o be_v enough_o to_o destroy_v that_o universal_a assent_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v the_o necessary_a concomitant_a of_o all_o innate_a truth_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o near_o a_o contradiction_n to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v truth_n imprint_v on_o the_o soul_n which_o it_o perceive_v or_o understand_v not_o imprint_v if_o it_o signify_v any_o thing_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o make_v certain_a truth_n to_o be_v perceive_v for_o to_o imprint_v any_o thing_n on_o the_o mind_n without_o the_o mind_n be_v perceive_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o hardly_o intelligible_a if_o therefore_o child_n and_o idiot_n have_v soul_n have_v mind_n with_o those_o impression_n upon_o they_o they_o must_v unavoidable_o perceive_v they_o and_o necessary_o know_v and_o assent_v to_o these_o truth_n which_o since_o they_o do_v not_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o impression_n for_o if_o they_o be_v not_o notion_n natural_o imprint_v how_o can_v they_o be_v innate_a and_o if_o they_o be_v notion_n imprint_v how_o can_v they_o be_v unknown_a to_o say_v a_o notion_n be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o say_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o never_o yet_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o be_v to_o make_v this_o impression_n nothing_o no_o proposition_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o never_o yet_o know_v which_o it_o be_v never_o yet_o conscious_a of_o for_o if_o any_o one_o may_n then_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n all_o proposition_n that_o be_v true_a and_o the_o mind_n be_v capable_a ever_o of_o assent_v to_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o to_o be_v imprint_v since_o if_o any_o one_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o never_o yet_o know_v it_o must_v be_v only_o because_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o know_v it_o and_o so_o the_o mind_n be_v of_o all_o truth_n it_o ever_o shall_v know_v nay_o thus_o truth_n may_v be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o never_o do_v nor_o ever_o shall_v know_v for_o a_o man_n may_v live_v long_o and_o die_v at_o last_o in_o ignorance_n of_o many_o truth_n which_o his_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o know_v and_o that_o with_o certainty_n so_o that_o if_o the_o capacity_n of_o know_v be_v the_o natural_a impression_n contend_v for_o all_o the_o truth_n a_o man_n ever_o come_v to_o know_v will_n by_o this_o account_n be_v every_o one_o of_o they_o innate_a and_o this_o great_a point_n will_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o only_o to_o a_o very_a improper_a way_n of_o speak_v which_o whilst_o it_o pretend_v to_o assert_v the_o contrary_a say_v nothing_o different_a from_o those_o who_o deny_v innate_a principle_n for_o no_o body_n i_o think_v ever_o deny_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o know_v several_a truth_n the_o capacity_n they_o say_v be_v innate_a the_o knowledge_n acquire_v but_o then_o to_o what_o end_n such_o contest_v for_o certain_a innate_a maxim_n if_o truth_n can_v be_v imprint_v on_o the_o understanding_n without_o be_v perceive_v i_o can_v see_v no_o difference_n there_o can_v be_v between_o any_o truth_n the_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o know_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o original_a they_o must_v all_o be_v innate_a or_o all_o adventitious_a in_o vain_a shall_v a_o man_n go_v about_o to_o distinguish_v they_o he_o therefore_o that_o talk_v of_o innate_a notion_n in_o the_o understanding_n can_v if_o he_o intend_v thereby_o any_o distinct_a sort_n of_o truth_n mean_v such_o truth_n to_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n as_o it_o never_o perceive_v and_o be_v yet_o full_o ignorant_a of_o for_o if_o these_o word_n to_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n have_v any_o propriety_n they_o signify_v to_o be_v understand_v so_o that_o to_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n and_o not_o to_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o never_o to_o be_v perceive_v be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v any_o thing_n be_v and_o be_v not_o in_o the_o mind_n or_o understanding_n if_o therefore_o these_o two_o proposition_n whatsoever_o be_v be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v be_v by_o nature_n imprint_v child_n can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o they_o infant_n and_o all_o that_o have_v soul_n must_v necessary_o have_v they_o in_o their_o understanding_n know_v the_o truth_n of_o they_o and_o assent_v to_o it_o §_o 6._o to_o avoid_v this_o it_o be_v usual_o answer_v that_o all_o man_n know_v and_o assent_v to_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o this_o be_v enough_o to_o prove_v they_o innate_a i_o answer_v §_o 7._o doubtful_a expression_n that_o have_v scarce_o any_o signification_n go_v for_o clear_a reason_n to_o those_o who_o be_v prepossess_v take_v not_o the_o pain_n to_o examine_v even_o what_o they_o themselves_o say_v for_o to_o apply_v this_o answer_n with_o any_o tolerable_a sense_n to_o our_o present_a purpose_n it_o must_v signify_v one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n either_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n these_o suppose_a native_a inscription_n come_v to_o be_v know_v and_o observe_v by_o they_o or_o else_o that_o the_o use_v and_o exercise_n of_o man_n reason_n assist_v they_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o these_o principle_n and_o certain_o make_v they_o know_v to_o they_o §_o 8._o if_o they_o mean_v that_o by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n man_n may_v discover_v these_o principle_n and_o that_o this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v they_o innate_a their_o way_n of_o argue_v will_v stand_v thus_o viz._n that_o whatever_o truth_n reason_n can_v certain_o discover_v to_o we_o and_o make_v we_o firm_o assent_v to_o those_o be_v all_o natural_o imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n since_o that_o universal_a assent_n which_o be_v make_v the_o mark_n of_o they_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n we_o be_v capable_a to_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o and_o assent_v to_o they_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v there_o will_v be_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o mathematician_n and_o theorem_n they_o deduce_v from_o they_o all_o must_v be_v equal_o allow_v innate_a they_o be_v all_o discovery_n make_v by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o truth_n that_o a_o rational_a creature_n may_v certain_o come_v to_o know_v if_o he_o
apply_v his_o thought_n right_o that_o way_n §_o 9_o but_o how_o can_v those_o man_n think_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n necessary_a to_o discover_v principle_n that_o be_v suppose_v innate_a when_o reason_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v they_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o faculty_n of_o deduce_v unknown_a truth_n from_o principle_n or_o proposition_n that_o be_v already_o know_v that_o certain_o can_v never_o be_v think_v innate_a which_o we_o have_v need_n of_o reason_n to_o discover_v unless_o as_o i_o have_v say_v we_o will_v have_v all_o the_o certain_a truth_n that_o reason_n ever_o teach_v we_o to_o be_v innate_a we_o may_v as_o well_o think_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n necessary_a to_o make_v our_o eye_n discover_v visible-object_n as_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v need_n of_o reason_n or_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o to_o make_v the_o understanding_n see_v what_o be_v original_o engrave_v in_o it_o and_o can_v be_v in_o the_o understanding_n before_o it_o be_v perceive_v by_o it_o so_o that_o to_o make_v reason_n discover_v those_o truth_n thus_o imprint_v be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n discover_v to_o a_o man_n what_o he_o know_v before_o and_o if_o man_n have_v these_o innate_a impress_a truth_n original_o and_o before_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o yet_o be_v always_o ignorant_a of_o they_o till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o say_v that_o man_n know_v and_o know_v they_o not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n §_o 10._o it_o will_v here_o perhaps_o be_v say_v that_o mathematical_a demonstration_n and_o other_o truth_n that_o be_v not_o innate_a be_v not_o assent_v to_o as_o soon_o as_o propose_v wherein_o they_o be_v distinguish_v from_o these_o maxim_n and_o other_o innate_a truth_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o assent_n upon_o the_o first_o propose_v more_o particular_o by_o and_o by_o i_o shall_v here_o only_o and_o that_o very_o ready_o allow_v that_o these_o maxim_n and_o mathematical_a demonstration_n be_v in_o this_o different_a that_o the_o one_o have_v need_n of_o reason_n use_v of_o proof_n to_o make_v they_o out_o and_o to_o gain_v our_o assent_n but_o the_o other_o as_o soon_o as_o understand_v be_v without_o any_o the_o least_o reason_v embrace_v and_o assent_v to_o but_o i_o withal_o beg_v leave_v to_o observe_v that_o it_o lay_v open_v the_o weakness_n of_o this_o subterfuge_n which_o require_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o these_o general_a truth_n since_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o in_o their_o discovery_n there_o be_v no_o use_n make_v of_o reason_v at_o all_o and_o i_o think_v those_o who_o give_v this_o answer_n will_v not_o be_v forward_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o maxim_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v be_v a_o deduction_n of_o our_o reason_n for_o this_o will_v be_v to_o destroy_v that_o bounty_n of_o nature_n they_o seem_v so_o fond_a of_o whilst_o they_o make_v the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o principle_n to_o depend_v on_o the_o labour_n of_o our_o thought_n for_o all_o reason_v be_v search_n and_o cast_v about_o and_o require_v pain_n and_o application_n and_o how_o can_v it_o with_o any_o tolerable_a sense_n be_v suppose_v that_o what_o be_v imprint_v by_o nature_n as_o the_o foundation_n and_o guide_n of_o our_o reason_n shall_v need_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n to_o discover_v it_o §_o 11._o those_o who_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o reflect_v with_o a_o little_a attention_n on_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n will_v find_v that_o this_o ready_a assent_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o some_o truth_n depend_v not_o either_o on_o native_a inscription_n nor_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n but_o on_o a_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n quite_o distinct_a from_o both_o of_o they_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o reason_n therefore_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o procure_v our_o assent_n to_o these_o maxim_n if_o by_o say_v that_o man_n know_v and_o assent_v to_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v mean_v that_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n assist_v we_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o maxim_n it_o be_v utter_o false_a and_o be_v it_o true_a will_v prove_v they_o not_o to_o be_v innate_a §_o 12._o if_o by_o know_v and_o assent_v to_o they_o when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v mean_v that_o this_o be_v the_o time_n when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o mind_n and_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o child_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n they_o come_v also_o to_o know_v and_o assent_v to_o these_o maxim_n this_o also_o be_v false_a and_o frivolous_a first_o it_o be_v false_a because_o it_o be_v evident_a these_o maxim_n be_v not_o in_o the_o mind_n so_o early_o as_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o therefore_o the_o come_n to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v false_o assign_v as_o the_o time_n of_o their_o discovery_n how_o many_o instance_n of_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n may_v we_o observe_v in_o child_n a_o long_a time_n before_o they_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o this_o maxim_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o illiterate_a people_n and_o savage_n pass_v many_o year_n even_o of_o their_o rational_a age_n without_o ever_o think_v on_o this_o and_o the_o like_a general_a proposition_n i_o grant_v man_n come_v not_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o general_a and_o more_o abstract_a truth_n which_o be_v think_v innate_a till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o i_o add_v nor_o then_o neither_o which_o be_v so_o because_o till_o after_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n those_o general_a abstract_n idea_n be_v not_o frame_v in_o the_o mind_n about_o which_o those_o general_a maxim_n be_v which_o be_v mistake_v for_o innate_a principle_n but_o be_v indeed_o discovery_n make_v and_o verity_n introduce_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o same_o way_n and_o discover_v by_o the_o same_o step_n as_o several_a other_o proposition_n which_o no_o body_n be_v ever_o so_o extravagant_a as_o to_o suppose_v innate_a this_o i_o hope_v to_o make_v plain_a in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o discourse_n i_o allow_v therefore_o a_o necessity_n that_o man_n shall_v come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n before_o they_o get_v the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o general_a truth_n but_o deny_v that_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v the_o time_n of_o their_o discovery_n §_o 13._o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o this_o say_n that_o man_n know_v and_o assent_v to_o these_o maxim_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n amount_v in_o reality_n of_o fact_n to_o no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o they_o be_v never_o know_v nor_o take_v notice_n of_o before_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n but_o may_v possible_o be_v assent_v to_o sometime_o after_o during_o a_o man_n life_n but_o when_o be_v uncertain_a and_o so_o may_v all_o other_o knowable_a truth_n as_o well_o as_o these_o which_o therefore_o have_v no_o advantage_n nor_o distinction_n from_o other_o by_o this_o note_n of_o be_v know_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n nor_o be_v thereby_o prove_v to_o be_v innate_a but_o quite_o the_o contrary_n §_o 14._o but_o second_o be_v it_o true_a that_o the_o precise_a time_n of_o their_o be_v know_v and_o assent_v to_o be_v when_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n neither_o will_v that_o prove_v they_o innate_a this_o way_n of_o argue_v be_v as_o frivolous_a as_o the_o supposition_n of_o itself_o be_v false_a for_o by_o what_o kind_n of_o logic_n will_v it_o appear_v that_o any_o notion_n be_v original_o by_o nature_n imprint_v in_o the_o mind_n in_o its_o first_o constitution_n because_o it_o come_v first_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o assent_v to_o when_o a_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o have_v quite_o a_o distinct_a province_n begin_v to_o exert_v itself_o and_o therefore_o the_o come_n to_o the_o use_n of_o speech_n if_o it_o be_v suppose_v the_o time_n that_o these_o maxim_n be_v first_o assent_v to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v with_o as_o much_o truth_n as_o the_o time_n when_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n will_v be_v as_o good_a a_o proof_n that_o they_o be_v innate_a as_o to_o say_v they_o be_v innate_a because_o man_n assent_v to_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n i_o agree_v then_o with_o these_o man_n of_o innate_a principle_n that_o there_o be_v no_o knowledge_n of_o these_o general_a and_o self-evident_a maxim_n in_o the_o mind_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o
they_o no_o more_o than_o their_o name_n but_o get_v afterward_o so_o that_o in_o all_o proposition_n that_o be_v assent_v to_o at_o first_o hear_v the_o term_n of_o the_o proposition_n their_o stand_n for_o such_o idea_n and_o the_o idea_n themselves_o that_o they_o stand_v for_o be_v neither_o of_o they_o innate_a i_o will_v fain_o know_v what_o there_o be_v remain_v in_o such_o proposition_n that_o be_v innate_a for_o i_o will_v glad_o have_v any_o one_o name_n that_o proposition_n who_o term_n or_o idea_n be_v either_o of_o they_o innate_a we_o by_o degree_n get_v idea_n and_o name_n and_o learn_v their_o appropriate_v connection_n one_o with_o another_o and_o then_o to_o proposition_n make_v in_o such_o term_n who_o signification_n we_o have_v learn_v and_o wherein_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n we_o can_v perceive_v in_o our_o idea_n when_o put_v together_o be_v express_v we_o at_o first_o hear_v assent_n though_o to_o other_o proposition_n in_o themselves_o as_o certain_a and_o evident_a but_o which_o be_v concern_v idea_n not_o so_o soon_o nor_o easy_o get_v we_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n no_o way_n capable_a of_o assent_v for_o though_o a_o child_n quick_o assent_v to_o this_o proposition_n that_o a_o apple_n be_v not_o fire_n when_o by_o familiar_a acquaintance_n he_o have_v get_v the_o idea_n of_o those_o two_o different_a thing_n distinct_o imprint_v on_o his_o mind_n and_o have_v learn_v that_o the_o name_n apple_n and_o fire_n stand_v for_o they_o yet_o it_o will_v be_v some_o year_n after_o perhaps_o before_o the_o same_o child_n will_v assent_v to_o this_o proposition_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v because_o that_o though_o perhaps_o the_o word_n be_v as_o easy_a to_o be_v learn_v yet_o the_o signification_n of_o they_o be_v more_o large_a comprehensive_a and_o abstract_n than_o of_o the_o name_n annex_v to_o those_o sensible_a thing_n the_o child_n have_v to_o do_v with_o it_o be_v long_o before_o he_o learn_v their_o precise_a meaning_n and_o it_o require_v more_o time_n plain_o to_o form_v in_o his_o mind_n those_o general_a idea_n they_o stand_v for_o till_o that_o be_v do_v you_o will_v in_o vain_a endeavour_n to_o make_v any_o child_n assent_n to_o a_o proposition_n make_v up_o of_o such_o general_a term_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o he_o have_v get_v those_o idea_n and_o learn_v their_o name_n he_o forward_o close_v with_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o of_o the_o forementioned_a proposition_n and_o with_o both_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n viz._n because_o he_o find_v the_o idea_n he_o have_v in_o his_o mind_n to_o agree_v or_o disagree_v according_a as_o the_o word_n stand_v for_o they_o be_v affirm_v or_o deny_v one_o of_o another_o in_o the_o proposition_n but_o if_o proposition_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o in_o word_n which_o stand_v for_o idea_n he_o have_v not_o yet_o in_o his_o mind_n to_o such_o proposition_n however_o evident_o true_a or_o false_a in_o themselves_o he_o afford_v neither_o assent_n nor_o dissent_n but_o be_v ignorant_a for_o word_n be_v but_o empty_a sound_n any_o far_a than_o they_o be_v sign_n of_o our_o idea_n we_o can_v but_o assent_v to_o they_o as_o they_o correspond_v to_o those_o idea_n we_o have_v but_o no_o far_o than_o that_o but_o the_o show_v by_o what_o step_v and_o way_n knowledge_n come_v into_o our_o mind_n and_o the_o ground_n of_o several_a degree_n of_o assent_n be_v the_o business_n of_o the_o follow_a discourse_n it_o may_v suffice_v to_o have_v only_o touch_v on_o it_o here_o as_o one_o reason_n that_o make_v i_o doubt_v of_o those_o innate_a principle_n §_o 24._o to_o conclude_v this_o argument_n of_o universal_a consent_n i_o agree_v with_o these_o defender_n of_o innate_a principle_n that_o if_o they_o be_v innate_a they_o must_v needs_o have_v universal_a assent_n for_o that_o a_o truth_n shall_v be_v innate_a and_o yet_o not_o assent_v to_o be_v to_o i_o as_o unintelligible_a as_o for_o a_o man_n to_o know_v a_o truth_n and_o be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o then_o by_o these_o man_n own_o confession_n they_o can_v be_v innate_a since_o they_o be_v not_o assent_v to_o by_o those_o who_o understand_v not_o the_o term_n nor_o by_o a_o great_a part_n of_o those_o who_o do_v understand_v they_o but_o have_v yet_o never_o hear_v nor_o think_v of_o those_o proposition_n which_o i_o think_v be_v at_o least_o one_o half_a of_o mankind_n but_o be_v the_o number_n far_o less_o it_o will_v be_v enough_o to_o destroy_v universal_a assent_n and_o thereby_o show_v these_o proposition_n not_o to_o be_v innate_a if_o child_n alone_o be_v ignorant_a of_o they_o §_o 25._o but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o be_v accuse_v to_o argue_v from_o the_o thought_n of_o infant_n which_o be_v unknown_a to_o we_o and_o to_o conclude_v from_o what_o pass_v in_o their_o understanding_n before_o they_o express_v it_o i_o say_v next_o that_o these_o two_o general_a proposition_n be_v not_o the_o truth_n that_o first_o possess_v the_o mind_n of_o child_n nor_o be_v antecedent_n to_o all_o acquire_v and_o adventitious_a notion_n which_o if_o they_o be_v innate_a they_o must_v needs_o be_v whether_o we_o can_v determine_v it_o or_o no_o it_o matter_n not_o there_o be_v certain_o a_o time_n when_o child_n begin_v to_o think_v and_o their_o word_n and_o action_n do_v assure_v we_o that_o they_o do_v so_o when_o therefore_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o thought_n of_o knowledge_n of_o assent_n can_v it_o rational_o be_v suppose_v they_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o those_o notion_n that_o nature_n have_v imprint_v be_v there_o any_o such_o can_v it_o be_v imagine_v with_o any_o appearance_n of_o reason_n that_o they_o perceive_v the_o impression_n from_o thing_n without_o and_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n ignorant_a of_o those_o character_n which_o nature_n itself_o have_v take_v care_n to_o stamp_v within_o can_v they_o receive_v and_o assent_v to_o adventitious_a notion_n and_o be_v ignorant_a of_o those_o which_o be_v suppose_v weave_v into_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o their_o be_v and_o imprint_v there_o in_o indelible_a character_n to_o be_v the_o foundation_n and_o guide_v of_o all_o their_o acquire_v knowledge_n and_o future_a reason_n this_o will_v be_v to_o make_v nature_n take_v pain_n to_o no_o purpose_n or_o at_o least_o to_o write_v very_o ill_a since_o its_o character_n can_v not_o be_v read_v by_o those_o eye_n which_o see_v other_o thing_n very_o well_o and_o those_o be_v very_o ill_o suppose_v the_o clear_a part_n of_o truth_n and_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n which_o be_v not_o first_o know_v and_o without_o which_o the_o undoubted_a knowledge_n of_o several_a other_o thing_n may_v be_v have_v the_o child_n certain_o know_v that_o the_o nurse_n that_o feed_v it_o be_v neither_o the_o cat_n it_o play_v with_o nor_o the_o blackmoor_n it_o be_v afraid_a of_o that_o the_o wormseed_n or_o mustard_n it_o refuse_v be_v not_o the_o apple_n or_o sugar_n it_o cry_v for_o this_o it_o be_v certain_o and_o undoubted_o assure_v of_o but_o will_v any_o one_o say_v it_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o this_o principle_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v that_o it_o so_o firm_o assent_v to_o these_o and_o other_o part_n of_o its_o knowledge_n or_o that_o the_o child_n have_v any_o notion_n or_o apprehension_n of_o that_o proposition_n at_o a_o age_n wherein_o yet_o it_o be_v plain_a it_o know_v a_o great_a many_o other_o truth_n he_o that_o will_v say_v child_n join_v these_o general_a abstract_n speculation_n with_o their_o suck_a bottle_n and_o their_o rattle_n may_v perhaps_o with_o justice_n be_v think_v to_o have_v more_o passion_n and_o zeal_n for_o his_o opinion_n but_o less_o sincerity_n and_o truth_n than_o one_o of_o that_o age._n §_o 26._o though_o therefore_o there_o be_v several_a general_a proposition_n that_o meet_v with_o constant_a and_o ready_a assent_n as_o soon_o as_o propose_v to_o man_n grow_v up_o who_o have_v attain_v the_o use_n of_o more_o general_a and_o abstract_a idea_n and_o name_n stand_v for_o they_o yet_o they_o not_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o those_o of_o tender_a year_n who_o nevertheless_o know_v other_o thing_n they_o can_v pretend_v to_o universal_a assent_n of_o intelligent_a person_n and_o so_o by_o no_o mean_n can_v be_v suppose_v innate_a it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o truth_n which_o be_v innate_a if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o shall_v be_v unknown_a at_o least_o to_o any_o one_o who_o know_v any_o thing_n else_o since_o if_o they_o be_v innate_a truth_n they_o must_v be_v innate_a thought_n there_o be_v nothing_o a_o truth_n in_o the_o mind_n that_o it_o have_v never_o
they_o do_v not_o believe_v to_o be_v true_a only_o to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o reputation_n and_o esteem_v among_o those_o who_o be_v persuade_v of_o their_o obligation_n but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o a_o whole_a society_n of_o man_n shall_v public_o and_o profess_o disown_n and_o cast_v off_o a_o rule_n which_o they_o can_v not_o in_o their_o own_o mind_n but_o be_v infallible_o certain_a be_v a_o law_n nor_o be_v ignorant_a that_o all_o man_n they_o shall_v have_v to_o do_v with_o know_v it_o to_o be_v such_o and_o therefore_o must_v every_o one_o of_o they_o apprehend_v from_o other_o all_o the_o contempt_n and_o abhorrence_n due_a to_o one_o who_o profess_v himself_o void_a of_o humanity_n and_o one_o who_o confound_v the_o know_a and_o natural_a measure_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n can_v but_o be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o profess_a enemy_n of_o their_o peace_n and_o happiness_n whatever_o practical_a principle_n be_v innate_a can_v but_o be_v know_v to_o every_o one_o to_o be_v just_a and_o good_a it_o be_v therefore_o little_o less_o than_o a_o contradiction_n to_o suppose_v that_o whole_a nation_n of_o man_n shall_v both_o in_o their_o profession_n and_o practise_v unanimous_o and_o universal_o give_v the_o lie_n to_o what_o by_o the_o most_o invincible_a evidence_n every_o one_o of_o they_o know_v to_o be_v true_a right_a and_o good_a this_o be_v enough_o to_o satisfy_v we_o that_o no_o practical_a rule_n which_o be_v any_o where_o universal_o and_o with_o public_a approbation_n or_o allowance_n transgress_v can_v be_v suppose_v innate_a but_o i_o have_v something_o far_a to_o add_v in_o answer_n to_o this_o objection_n §_o 12._o the_o break_n of_o a_o rule_n say_v you_o be_v no_o argument_n that_o it_o be_v unknown_a i_o grant_v it_o but_o the_o general_o allow_v breach_n of_o it_o any_o where_o i_o say_v be_v a_o proof_n that_o it_o be_v not_o innate_a for_o example_n let_v we_o take_v any_o of_o these_o rule_n which_o be_v the_o most_o obvious_a deduction_n of_o (null)_o reason_n and_o conformable_a to_o the_o natural_a inclination_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n few_o people_n have_v have_v the_o impudence_n to_o deny_v or_o inconsideration_n to_o doubt_v of_o if_o any_o can_v be_v think_v to_o be_v natural_o imprint_v none_o i_o think_v can_v have_v a_o fair_a pretence_n to_o be_v innate_a than_o this_o parent_n preserve_v and_o cherish_v your_o child_n when_o therefore_o you_o say_v that_o this_o be_v a_o innate_a rule_n what_o do_v you_o mean_v either_o that_o it_o be_v a_o innate_a principle_n which_o upon_o all_o occasion_n excite_v and_o direct_v the_o action_n of_o all_o man_n or_o else_o that_o it_o be_v a_o truth_n which_o all_o man_n have_v imprint_v on_o their_o mind_n and_o which_o therefore_o they_o know_v and_o assent_v to_o but_o in_o neither_o of_o these_o sense_n be_v it_o innate_a first_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o principle_n which_o influence_n all_o man_n action_n be_v what_o i_o have_v prove_v by_o the_o example_n before_o cite_v nor_o need_v we_o seek_v so_o far_o as_o mingrelia_n or_o peru_n to_o find_v instance_n of_o such_o as_o neglect_v abuse_n nay_o and_o destroy_v their_o child_n or_o look_v on_o it_o only_o as_o the_o more_o than_o brutality_n of_o some_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a nation_n when_o we_o remember_v that_o it_o be_v a_o familiar_a and_o uncondemned_a practice_n among_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n to_o expose_v without_o pity_n or_o remorse_n their_o innocent_a infant_n second_o that_o it_o be_v a_o innate_a truth_n know_v to_o all_o man_n be_v also_o false_a for_o parent_n preserve_v your_o child_n be_v so_o far_o from_o a_o innate_a truth_n that_o it_o be_v no_o truth_n at_o all_o it_o be_v a_o command_n and_o not_o a_o proposition_n and_o so_o not_o capable_a of_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n to_o make_v it_o capable_a of_o be_v assent_v to_o as_o true_a it_o must_v be_v reduce_v to_o some_o such_o proposition_n as_o this_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o parent_n to_o preserve_v their_o child_n but_o what_o duty_n be_v can_v be_v understand_v without_o a_o law_n nor_o a_o law_n be_v know_v or_o suppose_v without_o a_o lawmaker_n or_o without_o reward_n and_o punishment_n so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o this_o or_o any_o other_o practical_a principle_n shall_v be_v innate_a i._n e._n be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n as_o a_o duty_n without_o suppose_v the_o idea_n of_o god_n of_o law_n of_o obligation_n of_o punishment_n of_o a_o life_n after_o this_o innate_a for_o that_o punishment_n follow_v not_o in_o this_o life_n the_o breach_n of_o this_o rule_n and_o consequent_o that_o it_o have_v not_o the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n in_o country_n where_o the_o general_o allow_v practice_n run_v counter_a to_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o evident_a but_o these_o idea_n which_o must_v be_v all_o of_o they_o innate_a if_o any_o thing_n as_o a_o duty_n be_v so_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v innate_a that_o it_o be_v not_o every_o studious_a or_o think_v man_n much_o less_o every_o one_o that_o be_v bear_v in_o who_o they_o be_v to_o be_v find_v clear_a and_o distinct_a and_o that_o one_o of_o they_o which_o of_o all_o other_o seem_n most_o likely_a to_o be_v innate_a be_v not_o so_o i_o mean_v the_o idea_n of_o god_n i_o think_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n will_v appear_v very_o evident_a to_o any_o consider_a man._n §_o 13._o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o think_v we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o whatever_o practical_a rule_n be_v in_o any_o place_n general_o and_o with_o allowance_n break_v can_v be_v suppose_v innate_a it_o be_v impossible_a that_o man_n shall_v without_o shame_n or_o fear_v confident_o and_o serene_o break_v a_o rule_n which_o they_o can_v not_o but_o evident_o know_v that_o god_n have_v set_v up_o and_o will_v certain_o punish_v the_o breach_n of_o which_o they_o must_v if_o it_o be_v innate_a to_o a_o degree_n to_o make_v it_o a_o very_a ill_a bargain_n to_o the_o transgressor_n without_o such_o a_o knowledge_n as_o this_o a_o man_n can_v never_o be_v certain_a that_o any_o thing_n be_v his_o duty_n ignorance_n or_o doubt_n of_o the_o law_n hope_n to_o escape_v the_o knowledge_n or_o power_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n or_o the_o like_a may_v make_v man_n give_v way_n to_o a_o present_a appetite_n but_o let_v any_o one_o see_v the_o fault_n and_o the_o rod_n by_o it_o and_o with_o the_o transgression_n a_o fire_n ready_a to_o punish_v it_o a_o pleasure_n tempt_v and_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o almighty_a visible_o hold_v up_o and_o prepare_v to_o take_v vengeance_n for_o this_o must_v be_v the_o case_n where_o any_o duty_n be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n and_o then_o tell_v i_o whether_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o people_n with_o such_o a_o prospect_n such_o a_o certain_a knowledge_n as_o this_o wanton_o and_o without_o scruple_n to_o offend_v against_o a_o law_n which_o they_o carry_v about_o they_o in_o indelible_a character_n and_o that_o stare_v they_o in_o the_o face_n whilst_o they_o be_v break_v it_o whether_o man_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o they_o feel_v in_o themselves_o the_o imprint_v edict_n of_o a_o omnipotent_a lawmaker_n can_v with_o assurance_n and_o gaity_n slight_a and_o trample_v under_o foot_n his_o most_o sacred_a injunction_n and_o last_o whether_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o whilst_o a_o man_n thus_o open_o bid_v defiance_n to_o this_o innate_a law_n and_o supreme_a lawgiver_n all_o the_o bystander_n yea_o even_o the_o governor_n and_o ruler_n of_o the_o people_n full_a of_o the_o same_o sense_n both_o of_o the_o law_n and_o lawmaker_n shall_v silent_o connive_v without_o testify_v their_o dislike_n or_o lay_v the_o least_o blame_n on_o it_o principle_n of_o action_n indeed_o there_o be_v lodge_v in_o man_n appetite_n but_o these_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v innate_a moral_a principle_n that_o if_o they_o be_v leave_v to_o their_o full_a swing_n they_o will_v carry_v man_n to_o the_o overturning_a of_o all_o morality_n moral_a law_n be_v set_v as_o a_o curb_n and_o restraint_n to_o these_o exorbitant_a desire_n which_o they_o can_v be_v but_o by_o reward_n and_o punishment_n that_o will_v overbalance_n the_o satisfaction_n any_o one_o shall_v propose_v to_o himself_o in_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n if_o therefore_o any_o thing_n be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n as_o a_o law_n all_o man_n must_v have_v a_o certain_a and_o unavoidable_a knowledge_n that_o certain_a and_o unavoidable_a punishment_n will_v attend_v the_o breach_n of_o it_o for_o if_o man_n can_v be_v ignorant_a or_o doubtful_a of_o what_o be_v innate_a innate_a principle_n be_v insist_v on_o and_o urge_v to_o no_o purpose_n truth_n and_o certainty_n the_o thing_n pretend_v be_v not_o at_o all_o
notion_n viz._n virtue_n be_v the_o best_a worship_n of_o god_n i._n e._n be_v most_o acceptable_a to_o he_o which_o if_o virtue_n be_v take_v as_o most_o common_o it_o be_v for_o those_o action_n which_o according_a to_o the_o different_a opinion_n of_o several_a country_n be_v account_v laudable_a will_v be_v a_o proposition_n so_o far_o from_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v true_a if_o virtue_n be_v take_v for_o action_n conformable_a to_o god_n will_n or_o to_o the_o rule_n prescribe_v by_o god_n which_o be_v the_o true_a and_o only_a measure_n of_o virtue_n then_o this_o proposition_n that_o virtue_n be_v the_o best_a worship_n of_o god_n will_v be_v most_o true_a and_o certain_a but_o of_o very_o little_a use_n in_o (null)_o life_n since_o it_o will_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o this_o viz._n that_o god_n be_v please_v with_o the_o do_v of_o what_o he_o command_v which_o a_o man_n may_v certain_o know_v to_o be_v true_a without_o know_v what_o it_o be_v that_o god_n do_v command_v and_o so_o be_v as_o far_o from_o any_o rule_n or_o principle_n of_o his_o action_n as_o he_o be_v before_o and_o i_o think_v very_o few_o will_v take_v a_o proposition_n which_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o viz._n that_o god_n be_v please_v with_o the_o do_v of_o what_o he_o himself_o command_v for_o a_o innate_a moral_a principle_n write_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n however_o true_a and_o certain_a it_o may_v be_v since_o it_o teach_v so_o little_a whosoever_o do_v so_o will_v have_v reason_n to_o think_v hundred_o of_o proposition_n innate_a principle_n since_o there_o be_v many_o who_o have_v as_o good_a a_o title_n as_o this_o to_o be_v receive_v for_o such_o which_o no_o body_n yet_o ever_o put_v into_o that_o rank_n of_o innate_a principle_n §_o 19_o nor_o be_v the_o four_o proposition_n viz._n man_n must_v repent_v of_o their_o sin_n much_o more_o instructive_a till_o what_o those_o action_n be_v that_o be_v mean_v by_o sin_n be_v set_v down_o for_o the_o word_n peccata_fw-la or_o sin_n be_v put_v as_o it_o usual_o be_v to_o signify_v in_o general_a ill_a action_n that_o will_v draw_v on_o punishment_n upon_o the_o doer_n what_o great_a principle_n of_o morality_n can_v that_o be_v to_o tell_v we_o we_o shall_v be_v sorry_a and_o cease_v to_o do_v that_o which_o will_v bring_v mischief_n upon_o we_o without_o know_v what_o those_o particular_a action_n be_v that_o will_v do_v so_o indeed_o this_o be_v a_o very_a true_a proposition_n and_o fit_a to_o be_v inculcate_v on_o and_o receive_v by_o those_o who_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v teach_v what_o action_n in_o all_o kind_n be_v sin_n but_o neither_o this_o nor_o the_o former_a can_v be_v imagine_v to_o be_v innate_a principle_n nor_o to_o be_v of_o any_o use_n if_o they_o be_v innate_a unless_o the_o particular_a measure_n and_o bound_n of_o all_o virtue_n and_o vice_n be_v engrave_v in_o man_n mind_n and_o be_v innate_a principle_n also_o which_o i_o think_v be_v very_o much_o to_o be_v doubt_v and_o therefore_o i_o imagine_v it_o will_v scarce_o seem_v possible_a that_o god_n shall_v engrave_v principle_n in_o man_n mind_n in_o word_n of_o uncertain_a signification_n such_o as_o be_v virtue_n and_o sin_n which_o among_o different_a man_n stand_v for_o different_a thing_n nay_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o word_n at_o all_o which_o be_v in_o most_o of_o these_o principle_n very_o general_a name_n can_v be_v understand_v but_o by_o know_v the_o particular_n comprehend_v under_o they_o and_o in_o the_o practical_a instance_n the_o measure_n must_v be_v take_v from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o action_n themselves_o and_o the_o rule_n of_o they_o abstract_v from_o word_n and_o antecedent_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o name_n which_o rule_v a_o man_n must_v know_v what_o language_n soever_o he_o chance_v to_o learn_v whether_o english_a or_o japan_n or_o if_o he_o shall_v learn_v no_o language_n at_o all_o or_o never_o shall_v understand_v the_o use_n of_o word_n as_o happen_v in_o the_o case_n of_o dumb_a and_o deaf_a men._n when_o it_o shall_v be_v make_v out_o that_o man_n ignorant_a of_o word_n or_o untaught_a by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n that_o it_o be_v part_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n not_o to_o kill_v another_o man_n not_o to_o know_v more_o woman_n than_o one_o not_o to_o procure_v abortion_n not_o to_o expose_v their_o child_n not_o to_o take_v from_o another_o what_o be_v his_o though_o we_o want_v it_o ourselves_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a relieve_v and_o supply_v his_o want_n and_o whenever_o we_o have_v do_v the_o contrary_a we_o ought_v to_o repent_v be_v sorry_a and_o resolve_v to_o do_v so_o no_o more_o when_o i_o say_v all_o man_n shall_v be_v prove_v actual_o to_o know_v and_o allow_v all_o these_o and_o a_o thousand_o other_o such_o rule_n all_o which_o come_v under_o these_o two_o general_a word_n make_v use_v of_o above_o viz._n virtutes_fw-la &_o peccata_fw-la virtue_n and_o sin_n there_o will_v be_v more_o reason_n for_o admit_v these_o and_o the_o like_a for_o common_a notion_n and_o practical_a principle_n yet_o after_o all_o universal_a consent_n be_v there_o any_o in_o moral_a principle_n to_o truth_n the_o knowledge_n whereof_o may_v be_v attain_v otherwise_o will_v scarce_o prove_v they_o to_o be_v innate_a which_o be_v all_o i_o contend_v for_o §_o 20._o nor_o will_v it_o be_v of_o much_o moment_n here_o to_o offer_v that_o very_o ready_a but_o not_o very_o material_a answer_n viz._n that_o the_o innate_a principle_n of_o morality_n may_v by_o education_n and_o custom_n and_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o those_o among_o who_o we_o converse_v be_v darken_v and_o at_o last_o quite_o wear_v out_o of_o the_o mind_n of_o men._n which_o assertion_n of_o they_o if_o true_a quite_o take_v away_o the_o argument_n of_o universal_a consent_n by_o which_o this_o opinion_n of_o innate_a principle_n be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v prove_v unless_o those_o man_n will_v think_v it_o reasonable_a that_o their_o own_o private_a persuasion_n or_o that_o of_o their_o party_n shall_v pass_v for_o universal_a consent_n a_o thing_n not_o unfrequent_o do_v when_o man_n presume_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o only_a master_n of_o right_a reason_n cast_v by_o the_o vote_n and_o opinion_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n as_o not_o worthy_a the_o reckon_n and_o then_o their_o argument_n stand_v thus_o the_o principle_n which_o all_o mankind_n allow_v for_o true_a be_v innate_a those_o that_o man_n of_o right_a reason_n admit_v be_v the_o principle_n allow_v by_o all_o mankind_n we_o and_o those_o of_o our_o mind_n be_v man_n of_o right_a reason_n therefore_o we_o agree_v our_o principle_n be_v innate_a which_o be_v a_o very_a pretty_a way_n of_o argue_v and_o a_o short_a cut_n to_o infallibility_n for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a to_o understand_v how_o there_o be_v some_o principle_n which_o all_o man_n do_v acknowledge_v and_o agree_v in_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v none_o of_o those_o principle_n which_o be_v not_o by_o deprave_a custom_n and_o ill_a education_n blot_v out_o of_o the_o mind_n of_o many_o man_n which_o be_v to_o say_v that_o all_o man_n admit_v but_o yet_o many_o man_n do_v deny_v and_o dissent_v from_o they_o and_o indeed_o the_o supposition_n of_o such_o first_o principle_n will_v serve_v we_o to_o very_o little_a purpose_n and_o we_o shall_v be_v as_o much_o at_o a_o loss_n with_o as_o without_o they_o if_o they_o may_v by_o any_o (null)_o power_n such_o as_o be_v the_o will_n of_o our_o teacher_n or_o opinion_n of_o our_o companion_n be_v alter_v or_o lose_v in_o we_o and_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o boast_n of_o first_o principle_n and_o innate_a light_n we_o shall_v be_v as_o much_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o uncertainty_n as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n at_o all_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o have_v no_o rule_n and_o one_o that_o will_v warp_v any_o way_n or_o among_o various_a and_o contrary_a rule_n not_o to_o know_v which_o be_v the_o right_n but_o concern_v innate_a principle_n i_o desire_v these_o man_n to_o say_v whether_o they_o can_v or_o can_v by_o education_n and_o custom_n be_v blur_v and_o blot_v out_o if_o they_o can_v we_o must_v find_v they_o in_o all_o mankind_n alike_o and_o they_o must_v be_v clear_a in_o every_o body_n and_o if_o they_o may_v suffer_v variation_n from_o adventitious_a notion_n we_o must_v then_o find_v they_o clear_a and_o most_o perspicuous_a near_a the_o fountain_n in_o child_n and_o illiterate_a people_n who_o have_v receive_v least_o impression_n from_o foreign_a opinion_n let_v they_o take_v which_o side_n they_o please_v they_o will_v certain_o find_v it_o inconsistent_a with_o visible_a matter_n of_o
fact_n and_o daily_a observation_n §_o 21._o i_o easy_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v great_a number_n of_o opinion_n which_o by_o man_n of_o different_a country_n education_n and_o temper_n be_v receive_v and_o embrace_v as_o first_o and_o unquestionable_a principle_n many_o whereof_o both_o for_o their_o absurdity_n as_o well_o as_o opposition_n one_o to_o another_o it_o be_v impossible_a shall_v be_v true_a but_o yet_o all_o those_o proposition_n how_o remote_a soever_o from_o reason_n be_v so_o sacred_a somewhere_o or_o other_o that_o man_n even_o of_o good_a understanding_n in_o other_o matter_n will_v soon_o part_v with_o their_o life_n and_o whatever_o be_v dear_a to_o they_o than_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o doubt_n or_o other_o to_o question_n the_o truth_n of_o they_o §_o 22._o this_o however_o strange_a it_o may_v seem_v be_v that_o which_o every_o day_n experience_n confirm_v and_o will_v not_o perhaps_o appear_v so_o wonderful_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o way_n and_o step_n by_o which_o it_o be_v bring_v about_o and_o how_o real_o it_o may_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o doctrine_n that_o have_v be_v derive_v from_o no_o better_a original_n than_o the_o superstition_n of_o a_o nurse_n or_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o old_a woman_n may_v by_o length_n of_o time_n and_o consent_n of_o neighbour_n grow_v up_o to_o the_o dignity_n of_o principle_n in_o religion_n or_o morality_n for_o such_o who_o be_v careful_a as_o they_o call_v it_o to_o principle_n child_n well_o and_o few_o there_o be_v who_o have_v not_o a_o set_n of_o those_o principle_n for_o they_o which_o they_o believe_v in_o instill_v into_o the_o unwary_a and_o as_o yet_o unprejudiced_a understanding_n for_o white_a paper_n receive_v any_o character_n those_o doctrine_n they_o will_v have_v they_o retain_v and_o profess_v these_o be_v teach_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v any_o apprehension_n and_o still_o as_o they_o grow_v up_o confirm_v to_o they_o either_o by_o the_o open_a profession_n or_o tacit_n consent_n of_o all_o they_o have_v to_o do_v with_o or_o at_o least_o by_o those_o of_o who_o wisdom_n knowledge_n and_o piety_n they_o have_v a_o opinion_n who_o never_o suffer_v those_o proposition_n to_o be_v otherwise_o mention_v but_o as_o the_o basis_n and_o foundation_n on_o which_o they_o build_v either_o their_o religion_n or_o manner_n come_v by_o these_o mean_n to_o have_v the_o reputation_n of_o unquestionable_a self-evident_a and_o innate_a truth_n §_o 23._o to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o when_o man_n so_o instruct_v be_v grow_v up_o and_o reflect_v on_o their_o own_o mind_n they_o can_v find_v any_o thing_n more_o ancient_a there_o than_o those_o opinion_n which_o be_v teach_v they_o before_o their_o memory_n begin_v to_o keep_v a_o register_n of_o their_o action_n or_o date_n the_o time_n when_o any_o new_a thing_n appear_v to_o they_o and_o therefore_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o conclude_v that_o those_o proposition_n of_o who_o knowledge_n they_o can_v find_v in_o themselves_o no_o original_n be_v certain_o the_o impress_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n upon_o their_o mind_n and_o not_o teach_v they_o by_o any_o one_o else_o these_o they_o entertain_v and_o submit_v to_o as_o many_o do_v to_o their_o parent_n with_o veneration_n not_o because_o it_o be_v natural_a nor_o do_v child_n do_v it_o where_o they_o be_v not_o so_o teach_v but_o because_o have_v be_v always_o so_o educate_v and_o have_v no_o remembrance_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o respect_n they_o think_v it_o be_v natural_a §_o 24._o this_o will_v appear_v very_o likely_a and_o almost_o unavoidable_a to_o come_v to_o pass_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o mankind_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o (null)_o affair_n wherein_o most_o man_n can_v live_v without_o employ_v their_o time_n in_o the_o daily_a labour_n of_o their_o calling_n nor_o be_v at_o quiet_a in_o their_o mind_n without_o some_o foundation_n or_o principle_n to_o rest_v their_o thought_n on_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o one_o so_o float_v and_o superficial_a in_o his_o understanding_n that_o have_v not_o some_o reverence_a proposition_n which_o be_v to_o he_o the_o principle_n on_o which_o he_o bottom_n his_o reason_n and_o by_o which_o he_o judge_v of_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n right_o and_o wrong_n which_o some_o want_v skill_n and_o leisure_n and_o other_o the_o inclination_n and_o some_o be_v teach_v they_o ought_v not_o to_o examine_v there_o be_v few_o to_o be_v find_v who_o be_v not_o expose_v by_o their_o ignorance_n laziness_n education_n or_o precipitancy_n to_o take_v they_o upon_o trust_n §_o 25._o this_o be_v evident_o the_o case_n of_o all_o child_n and_o young_a folk_n and_o custom_n a_o great_a power_n than_o nature_n seldom_o fail_v to_o make_v they_o worship_n for_o divine_a what_o she_o have_v enure_v they_o to_o bow_v their_o mind_n and_o submit_v their_o understanding_n to_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o grow_v man_n either_o perplex_v in_o the_o necessary_a affair_n of_o life_n or_o hot_a in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o pleasure_n shall_v not_o serious_o sit_v down_o to_o examine_v their_o own_o tenet_n especial_o when_o one_o of_o their_o principle_n be_v that_o principle_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v question_v and_o have_v man_n leisure_n part_n and_o will_v who_o be_v there_o almost_o that_o dare_v to_o shake_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o his_o past_a thought_n and_o action_n and_o endure_v to_o bring_v upon_o himself_o the_o shame_n of_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n whole_o in_o mistake_n and_o error_n who_o be_v there_o hardy_a enough_o to_o contend_v with_o the_o reproach_n which_o be_v every_o where_o prepare_v for_o those_o who_o dare_v venture_v to_o dissent_v from_o the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o their_o country_n or_o party_n and_o where_o be_v the_o man_n to_o be_v find_v that_o can_v patient_o prepare_v himself_o to_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o whimsical_a sceptical_a or_o atheist_n which_o he_o be_v sure_a to_o meet_v with_o who_o do_v in_o the_o least_o scruple_n any_o of_o the_o common_a opinion_n and_o he_o will_v be_v much_o more_o afraid_a to_o question_v those_o principle_n when_o he_o shall_v think_v they_o as_o most_o man_n do_v the_o standard_n set_v up_o by_o god_n in_o his_o mind_n to_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o touchstone_n of_o all_o other_o opinion_n and_o what_o can_v hinder_v he_o from_o think_v they_o sacred_a when_o he_o find_v they_o the_o early_a of_o all_o his_o own_o thought_n and_o the_o most_o reverence_v by_o other_o §_o 26._o it_o be_v easy_a to_o imagine_v how_o by_o these_o mean_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o man_n worship_v the_o idol_n have_v be_v set_v up_o in_o their_o mind_n grow_v fond_a of_o the_o notion_n they_o have_v be_v long_o acquaint_v with_o there_o and_o stamp_v the_o character_n of_o divinity_n upon_o absurdity_n and_o error_n become_v zealous_a votary_n to_o bull_n and_o monkey_n and_o content_v too_o fight_n and_o die_v in_o defence_n of_o their_o opinion_n dum_fw-la solos_fw-la credit_n habendos_fw-la esse_fw-la deos_fw-la quos_fw-la ipse_fw-la colit_fw-la for_o since_o the_o reason_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v almost_o constant_o though_o not_o always_o wary_o nor_o wise_o employ_v will_v not_o know_v how_o to_o move_v for_o want_v of_o a_o foundation_n and_o foot_v in_o most_o man_n who_o through_o laziness_n or_o avocation_n do_v not_o or_o for_o want_v of_o time_n or_o true_a help_n or_o other_o cause_n can_v penetrate_v into_o the_o principle_n of_o knowledge_n and_o trace_v truth_n to_o its_o fountain_n and_o original_n it_o be_v natural_a for_o they_o and_o almost_o unavoidable_a to_o take_v up_o with_o some_o borrow_a principle_n which_o be_v repute_v and_o presume_v to_o be_v the_o evident_a proof_n of_o other_o thing_n be_v think_v not_o to_o need_v any_o other_o proof_n themselves_o whoever_o shall_v receive_v any_o of_o these_o into_o their_o thought_n without_o due_a examination_n but_o believe_v they_o because_o they_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v may_v take_v up_o from_o his_o education_n and_o the_o fashion_n of_o his_o country_n any_o absurdity_n for_o innate_a principle_n and_o by_o long_o pore_v on_o the_o same_o object_n so_o dim_a his_o sight_n as_o to_o take_v monster_n lodge_v in_o his_o own_o brain_n for_o the_o image_n of_o the_o deity_n and_o the_o workmanship_n of_o his_o hand_n §_o 27._o by_o this_o progress_n how_o many_o there_o be_v who_o arrive_v at_o principle_n which_o they_o believe_v innate_a may_v be_v easy_o observe_v in_o the_o variety_n of_o opposite_a principle_n hold_v and_o contend_v for_o by_o all_o sort_n and_o degree_n of_o men._n and_o he_o that_o shall_v deny_v this_o to_o be_v the_o method_n wherein_o most_o man_n proceed_v to_o the_o assurance_n they_o have_v of_o the_o unalterable_a truth_n and_o evidence_n of_o their_o principle_n will_n perhaps_o find_v it_o
reason_n and_o the_o natural_a propensity_n of_o their_o own_o thought_n will_v afterward_o propagate_v and_o continue_v among_o they_o §_o 12._o indeed_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o it_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n to_o imprint_v upon_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n character_n and_o notion_n of_o himself_o and_o not_o leave_v they_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o doubt_v in_o so_o grand_a a_o concernment_n and_o also_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o secure_v to_o himself_o the_o homage_n and_o veneration_n due_a from_o so_o intelligent_a a_o creature_n as_o man_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v do_v it_o this_o argument_n if_o it_o be_v of_o any_o force_n will_v prove_v much_o more_o than_o those_o who_o use_v it_o in_o this_o case_n expect_v from_o it_o for_o if_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o god_n have_v do_v for_o man_n all_o that_o man_n shall_v judge_v be_v best_a for_o they_o because_o it_o be_v suitable_a to_o his_o goodness_n so_o to_o do_v it_o will_v prove_v not_o only_o that_o god_n have_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n a_o idea_n of_o himself_o but_o that_o he_o have_v plain_o stamp_v there_o in_o fair_a character_n all_o that_o man_n ought_v to_o know_v or_o believe_v of_o he_o all_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v in_o obedience_n to_o his_o will_n and_o that_o he_o have_v give_v they_o a_o will_n and_o affection_n conformable_a to_o it_o this_o no_o doubt_n every_o one_o will_v think_v it_o better_o for_o man_n than_o that_o they_o shall_v in_o the_o dark_a grope_v after_o knowledge_n as_o st._n paul_n tell_v we_o all_o nation_n do_v after_o god_n act_v xvii_o 27_o than_o that_o their_o will_n shall_v clash_v with_o their_o understanding_n and_o their_o appetite_n cross_v their_o duty_n the_o romanist_n say_v it_o be_v best_o for_o man_n and_o so_o suitable_a to_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o infallible_a judge_n of_o controversy_n on_o earth_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v one_o and_o i_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n say_v it_o be_v better_a for_o man_n that_o every_o man_n himself_o shall_v be_v infallible_a i_o leave_v they_o to_o consider_v whether_o by_o the_o force_n of_o this_o argument_n they_o shall_v think_v that_o every_o man_n be_v so_o i_o think_v it_o a_o very_a good_a argument_n to_o say_v the_o infinite_o wise_a god_n have_v make_v it_o so_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v best_o but_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o little_a too_o much_o confidence_n of_o our_o own_o wisdom_n to_o say_v i_o think_v it_o best_o and_o therefore_o god_n have_v make_v it_o so_o and_o in_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n it_o will_v be_v in_o vain_a to_o argue_v from_o such_o a_o topick_n that_o god_n have_v do_v so_o when_o certain_a experience_n show_v we_o that_o he_o have_v not_o but_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n have_v not_o be_v want_v to_o man_n without_o such_o original_a impression_n of_o knowledge_n or_o idea_n stamp_v on_o the_o mind_n since_o he_o have_v furnish_v man_n with_o those_o faculty_n which_o will_v serve_v for_o the_o sufficient_a discovery_n of_o all_o thing_n requisite_a to_o the_o end_n of_o such_o a_o be_v and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o show_v that_o a_o man_n by_o the_o right_a use_n of_o his_o natural_a ability_n may_v without_o any_o innate_a principle_n attain_v the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o god_n and_o other_o thing_n that_o concern_v he_o god_n have_v endue_v man_n with_o those_o faculty_n of_o know_v which_o he_o have_v be_v no_o more_o oblige_v by_o his_o goodness_n to_o implant_v those_o innate_a notion_n in_o his_o mind_n than_o that_o have_v give_v he_o reason_n hand_n and_o material_n he_o shall_v build_v he_o bridge_n or_o house_n which_o some_o people_n in_o the_o world_n however_o of_o good_a part_n do_v either_o total_o want_n or_o be_v but_o ill_o provide_v of_o as_o well_o as_o other_o be_v whole_o without_o idea_n of_o god_n and_o principle_n of_o morality_n or_o at_o least_o have_v but_o very_o ill_a one_o the_o reason_n in_o both_o case_n be_v that_o they_o never_o employ_v their_o part_n faculty_n and_o power_n industrious_o that_o way_n but_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o opinion_n fashion_n and_o thing_n of_o their_o country_n as_o they_o find_v they_o without_o look_v any_o far_o have_v you_o or_o i_o be_v bear_v at_o the_o bay_n of_o soldania_n possible_o our_o thought_n and_o notion_n have_v not_o exceed_v those_o brutish_a one_o of_o the_o hotentot_n that_o inhabit_v there_o and_o have_v the_o virginia_n king_n apochancana_n be_v educate_v in_o england_n he_o have_v perhaps_o be_v as_o know_v a_o divine_a and_o as_o good_a a_o mathematician_n as_o any_o in_o it_o the_o difference_n between_o he_o and_o a_o more_o improve_v englishman_n lie_v bare_o in_o this_o that_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o faculty_n be_v bound_v within_o the_o way_n modes_n and_o notion_n of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o never_o direct_v to_o any_o other_o or_o far_a inquiry_n and_o if_o he_o have_v not_o any_o idea_n of_o a_o god_n it_o be_v only_o because_o he_o pursue_v not_o those_o thought_n that_o will_v have_v lead_v he_o to_o it_o §_o 13._o i_o grant_v that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o idea_n to_o be_v find_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n we_o have_v reason_n to_o expect_v it_o shall_v be_v the_o notion_n of_o his_o maker_n as_o a_o mark_n god_n set_v on_o his_o own_o workmanship_n to_o mind_n man_n of_o his_o dependence_n and_o duty_n and_o that_o herein_o shall_v appear_v the_o first_o instance_n of_o (null)_o knowledge_n but_o how_o late_o be_v it_o before_o any_o such_o notion_n be_v discoverable_a in_o child_n and_o when_o we_o find_v it_o there_o how_o much_o more_o do_v it_o resemble_v the_o opinion_n and_o notion_n of_o the_o teacher_n than_o represent_v the_o true_a god_n he_o that_o shall_v observe_v in_o child_n the_o progress_n whereby_o their_o mind_n attain_v the_o knowledge_n they_o have_v will_v think_v that_o the_o object_n they_o do_v first_o and_o most_o familiar_o converse_v with_o be_v those_o that_o make_v the_o first_o impression_n on_o their_o understanding_n nor_o will_v he_o find_v the_o least_o footstep_n of_o any_o other_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o take_v notice_n how_o their_o thought_n enlarge_v themselves_o only_o as_o they_o come_v to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o a_o great_a variety_n of_o sensible_a object_n to_o retain_v the_o idea_n of_o they_o in_o their_o memory_n and_o to_o get_v the_o skill_n to_o compound_v and_o enlarge_v they_o and_o several_a way_n put_v they_o together_o how_o by_o these_o mean_n they_o come_v to_o frame_v in_o their_o mind_n a_o idea_n of_o a_o deity_n i_o shall_v hereafter_o show_v §_o 14._o can_v it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o idea_n man_n have_v of_o god_n be_v the_o character_n and_o mark_v of_o himself_o engrave_v in_o their_o mind_n by_o his_o own_o finger_n when_o we_o see_v that_o in_o the_o same_o country_n under_o one_o and_o the_o same_o name_n man_n have_v far_o different_a nay_o often_o contrary_a and_o inconsistent_a idea_n and_o conception_n of_o he_o their_o agree_v in_o a_o name_n or_o sound_n will_v scarce_o prove_v a_o innate_a notion_n of_o he_o §_o 15._o what_o true_a or_o tolerable_a notion_n of_o a_o deity_n can_v they_o have_v who_o acknowledge_v and_o worship_v hundred_o every_o deity_n that_o they_o own_v above_o one_o be_v a_o infallible_a evidence_n of_o their_o ignorance_n of_o he_o and_o a_o proof_n that_o they_o have_v no_o true_a notion_n of_o god_n where_o unity_n infinity_o and_o eternity_n be_v always_o exclude_v to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v their_o gross_a conception_n of_o corporiety_n express_v in_o their_o image_n and_o representation_n of_o their_o deity_n the_o amour_n marriage_n copulation_n lust_n quarrel_n and_o other_o mean_a quality_n attribute_v by_o they_o to_o their_o god_n we_o shall_v have_v little_a reason_n to_o think_v that_o the_o heathen_a world_n i._n e._n the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n have_v such_o idea_n of_o god_n in_o their_o mind_n as_o he_o himself_o out_o of_o care_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v mistake_v about_o he_o be_v author_n of_o and_o this_o universality_n of_o consent_n so_o much_o argue_v if_o it_o prove_v any_o native_a impression_n it_o will_v be_v only_o this_o that_o god_n imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n speak_v the_o same_o language_n a_o name_n for_o himself_o but_o not_o any_o idea_n since_o those_o people_n who_o agree_v in_o the_o name_n have_v at_o the_o same_o time_n far_o different_a apprehension_n about_o the_o thing_n signify_v if_o they_o say_v that_o the_o variety_n of_o deity_n worship_v by_o the_o heathen_a world_n be_v but_o figurative_a way_n of_o express_v the_o several_a attribute_n of_o that_o imcomprehensible_a be_v or_o several_a part_n of_o
other_o and_o then_o they_o will_v also_o begin_v to_o assent_v to_o that_o proposition_n and_o make_v very_o little_a question_n of_o it_o ever_o after_o but_o such_o a_o assent_n upon_o hear_v no_o more_o prove_v the_o idea_n to_o be_v innate_a than_o it_o do_v that_o one_o bear_v blind_a with_o cataract_n which_o will_v be_v couch_v to_o morrow_n have_v the_o innate_a idea_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o light_n or_o saffron_n or_o yellow_a because_o when_o his_o sight_n be_v clear_v he_o will_v certain_o assent_v to_o this_o proposition_n that_o the_o sun_n be_v lucid_a or_o that_o saffron_n be_v yellow_a and_o therefore_o if_o such_o a_o assent_n upon_o hear_v can_v prove_v the_o idea_n innate_a it_o can_v much_o less_o the_o proposition_n make_v up_o of_o those_o idea_n if_o they_o have_v any_o innate_a idea_n i_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o be_v tell_v what_o and_o how_o many_o they_o be_v §_o 20._o beside_o what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v there_o be_v another_o reason_n why_o i_o doubt_v that_o neither_o these_o nor_o any_o other_o principle_n be_v innate_a i_o that_o be_o full_o persuade_v that_o the_o infinite_o wise_a god_n make_v all_o thing_n in_o perfect_a wisdom_n can_v satisfy_v myself_o why_o he_o shall_v be_v suppose_v to_o print_v upon_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n some_o universal_a principle_n whereof_o those_o that_o be_v pretend_v innate_a and_o concern_v speculation_n be_v of_o no_o great_a use_n and_o those_o that_o concern_v practice_n not_o self-evident_a and_o neither_o of_o they_o distinguishable_a from_o some_o other_o truth_n not_o allow_v to_o be_v innate_a for_o to_o what_o purpose_n shall_v character_n be_v grave_v on_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n which_o be_v not_o clear_a there_o than_o those_o which_o be_v afterward_o introduce_v or_o can_v be_v distinguish_v from_o if_o any_o one_o think_v there_o be_v such_o innate_a idea_n and_o proposition_n which_o by_o their_o clearness_n and_o usefulness_n be_v distinguishable_a from_o all_o that_o be_v adventitious_a in_o the_o mind_n and_o acquire_v it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n for_o he_o to_o tell_v we_o which_o they_o be_v and_o then_o every_o one_o will_v be_v a_o fit_a judge_n whether_o they_o be_v so_o or_o no._n since_o if_o there_o be_v such_o innate_a idea_n and_o impression_n plain_o different_a from_o all_o our_o other_o perception_n and_o knowledge_n every_o one_o will_v find_v it_o true_a in_o himself_o of_o the_o evidence_n of_o these_o suppose_a innate_a maxim_n i_o have_v speak_v already_o of_o their_o usefulness_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o hereafter_o §_o 21._o to_o conclude_v some_o idea_n forward_o offer_v themselves_o to_o all_o man_n understanding_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o truth_n result_n from_o any_o idea_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o mind_n put_v they_o into_o proposition_n other_o truth_n require_v a_o train_n of_o idea_n place_v in_o order_n a_o due_a compare_v of_o they_o and_o deduction_n make_v with_o 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their_o power_n of_o assent_n by_o lazy_o enslave_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o dictate_v and_o dominion_n of_o other_o in_o doctrine_n which_o it_o be_v their_o duty_n careful_o to_o examine_v and_o not_o blind_o with_o a_o implicit_a say_v to_o swallow_v other_o employ_v their_o thought_n only_o about_o some_o few_o thing_n grow_v acquaint_v sufficient_o with_o they_o attain_v great_a degree_n of_o knowledge_n in_o they_o and_o be_v ignorant_a of_o all_o other_o have_v never_o let_v their_o thought_n loose_v in_o the_o search_n of_o other_o inquiry_n thus_o that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o be_v a_o truth_n as_o certain_a as_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v and_o i_o think_v more_o evident_a than_o many_o of_o those_o proposition_n that_o go_v for_o principle_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v million_o however_o expert_a in_o other_o thing_n know_v not_o this_o at_o all_o because_o they_o never_o set_v their_o thought_n on_o work_n about_o such_o angles_n and_o he_o that_o certain_o know_v this_o proposition_n may_v yet_o be_v utter_o ignorant_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o other_o proposition_n in_o mathematics_n itself_o which_o be_v as_o clear_v and_o evident_a as_o this_o because_o in_o his_o search_n of_o those_o mathematical_a truth_n he_o stop_v his_o thought_n short_a and_o go_v not_o so_o far_o the_o same_o may_v happen_v concern_v the_o notion_n we_o have_v of_o the_o be_v of_o a_o deity_n for_o though_o there_o be_v no_o truth_n which_o a_o man_n may_v more_o evident_o make_v out_o to_o himself_o than_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n yet_o he_o that_o shall_v content_v himself_o with_o thing_n as_o he_o find_v they_o in_o this_o world_n as_o they_o minister_v to_o his_o pleasure_n and_o passion_n and_o not_o make_v enquiry_n a_o little_a far_o into_o their_o cause_n end_n and_o admirable_a contrivance_n and_o pursue_v the_o thought_n thereof_o with_o diligence_n and_o attention_n may_v live_v long_o without_o any_o notion_n of_o such_o a_o be_v and_o if_o any_o person_n have_v by_o talk_n put_v such_o a_o notion_n into_o his_o head_n he_o may_v perhaps_o believe_v it_o but_o if_o he_o have_v never_o examine_v it_o his_o knowledge_n of_o it_o will_v be_v no_o perfect_a than_o he_o who_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o take_v it_o upon_o trust_n without_o examine_v the_o demonstration_n and_o may_v yield_v his_o assent_n as_o to_o a_o probable_a opinion_n but_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o which_o yet_o his_o faculty_n if_o careful_o employ_v be_v able_a to_o make_v clear_a and_o evident_a to_o he_o but_o this_o only_a by_o the_o by_o to_o show_v how_o much_o our_o knowledge_n depend_v upon_o the_o right_a use_n of_o those_o power_n nature_n have_v bestow_v upon_o we_o and_o how_o little_a upon_o those_o innate_a principle_n which_o be_v in_o vain_a suppose_a to_o be_v in_o all_o mankind_n for_o their_o direction_n which_o all_o man_n can_v not_o but_o know_v if_o thy_o be_v there_o or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v there_o to_o no_o purpose_n §_o 22._o what_o censure_n doubt_v thus_o of_o innate_a principle_n may_v deserve_v from_o man_n who_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o call_v it_o pulling_z up_o the_o old_a foundation_n of_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n i_o can_v tell_v i_o persuade_v myself_o at_o least_o that_o the_o way_n i_o have_v pursue_v be_v conformable_a to_o truth_n lay_v those_o foundation_n sure_a this_o i_o be_o certain_a i_o have_v not_o make_v it_o my_o business_n either_o to_o quit_v or_o follow_v any_o authority_n in_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n truth_n have_v be_v my_o only_a aim_n and_o wherever_o that_o have_v appear_v to_o lead_v my_o thought_n have_v impartial_o follow_v without_o mind_v whether_o the_o footstep_n of_o any_o other_o lie_v that_o way_n or_o no._n not_o that_o i_o want_v a_o due_a respect_n to_o other_o man_n opinion_n but_o after_o all_o the_o great_a reverence_n be_v due_a to_o truth_n and_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o be_v think_v arrogance_n to_o say_v that_o perhaps_o we_o shall_v make_v great_a progress_n in_o the_o discovery_n of_o rational_a and_o contemplative_a knowledge_n if_o we_o seek_v it_o in_o the_o fountain_n in_o the_o consideration_n of_o thing_n themselves_o and_o make_v use_v rather_o of_o our_o own_o thought_n than_o other_o man_n to_o find_v it_o for_o i_o think_v we_o may_v as_o rational_o hope_v to_o see_v with_o other_o man_n eye_n as_o to_o know_v by_o other_o man_n understanding_n so_o much_o as_o we_o ourselves_o consider_v and_o comprehend_v of_o truth_n and_o reason_n so_o much_o we_o possess_v of_o real_a and_o true_a knowledge_n the_o float_v of_o other_o man_n opinion_n in_o our_o brain_n make_v we_o not_o one_o jot_n the_o more_o
shall_v often_o think_v and_o that_o a_o long_a while_n together_o and_o not_o be_v conscious_a to_o itself_o the_o next_o moment_n after_o that_o it_o have_v think_v §_o 19_o to_o suppose_v the_o soul_n to_o think_v and_o the_o man_n not_o perceive_v it_o be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v to_o make_v two_o person_n in_o one_o man_n and_o if_o one_o consider_v well_o these_o man_n way_n of_o speak_v one_o shall_v be_v lead_v into_o a_o suspicion_n that_o they_o do_v so_o for_o they_o who_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o soul_n always_o think_v do_v never_o that_o i_o remember_v say_v that_o a_o man_n always_o think_v can_v the_o soul_n think_v and_o not_o the_o man_n or_o a_o man_n think_v and_o not_o be_v conscious_a of_o it_o this_o perhaps_o will_v be_v suspect_v of_o jargon_n in_o other_o if_o they_o say_v the_o man_n think_v always_o but_o be_v not_o always_o conscious_a of_o it_o they_o may_v as_o well_o say_v his_o body_n be_v extend_v without_o have_v part_n for_o it_o be_v altogether_o as_o intelligible_a to_o say_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v extend_v without_o part_n as_o that_o any_o thing_n think_v without_o be_v conscious_a of_o it_o without_o perceive_v that_o it_o do_v so_o they_o who_o talk_v thus_o may_v with_o as_o much_o reason_n if_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o their_o hypothesis_n say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v always_o hungry_a but_o that_o he_o do_v not_o always_o feel_v it_o whereas_o hunger_n consist_v in_o that_o very_a sensation_n as_o think_v consist_v in_o be_v conscious_a that_o one_o think_v if_o they_o say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v always_o conscious_a to_o himself_o of_o think_v i_o ask_v how_o they_o know_v it_o consciousness_n be_v the_o perception_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o a_o man_n be_v own_o mind_n can_v another_o man_n perceive_v that_o i_o be_o conscious_a of_o any_o thing_n when_o i_o perceive_v it_o not_o myself_o no_o man_n knowledge_n here_o can_v go_v beyond_o his_o experience_n wake_v a_o man_n out_o of_o a_o sound_a sleep_n and_o ask_v he_o what_o he_o be_v that_o moment_n think_v on_o if_o he_o himself_o be_v conscious_a of_o nothing_o he_o then_o think_v on_o he_o must_v be_v a_o notable_a divine_a of_o thought_n that_o can_v assure_v he_o that_o he_o be_v think_v may_v he_o not_o with_o more_o reason_n assure_v he_o he_o be_v not_o asleep_a this_o be_v something_o beyond_o philosophy_n and_o it_o can_v be_v less_o than_o revelation_n that_o discover_v to_o another_o thought_n in_o my_o mind_n when_o i_o can_v find_v none_o there_o myself_o and_o they_o must_v needs_o have_v a_o penetrate_a sight_n who_o can_v certain_o see_v that_o i_o think_v when_o i_o can_v perceive_v it_o myself_o and_o declare_v that_o i_o do_v not_o and_o yet_o can_v see_v that_o a_o dog_n or_o a_o elephant_n do_v not_o think_v though_o they_o give_v all_o the_o demonstration_n of_o it_o imaginable_a except_o only_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o do_v so_o this_o some_o may_v suspect_v to_o be_v a_o step_n beyond_o the_o rosecrucians_n it_o seem_v easy_a to_o make_v one_o self_n invisible_a to_o other_o than_o to_o make_v another_o thought_n visible_a to_o i_o which_o be_v not_o visible_a to_o himself_o but_o it_o be_v but_o define_v the_o soul_n to_o be_v a_o substance_n that_o always_o think_v and_o the_o business_n be_v do_v if_o such_o a_o definition_n be_v of_o any_o authority_n i_o know_v not_o what_o it_o can_v serve_v for_o but_o to_o make_v many_o man_n suspect_v that_o they_o have_v no_o soul_n at_o all_o since_o they_o find_v a_o good_a part_n of_o their_o life_n pass_v away_o without_o think_v for_o no_o definition_n that_o i_o know_v no_o supposition_n of_o any_o sect_n be_v of_o force_n enough_o to_o destroy_v constant_a experience_n and_o perhaps_o it_o be_v the_o affectation_n of_o know_v beyond_o what_o we_o perceive_v that_o make_v so_o much_o useless_a dispute_n and_o noise_n in_o the_o world_n §_o 20._o i_o see_v no_o reason_n therefore_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o soul_n think_v before_o the_o sense_n have_v furnish_v it_o with_o idea_n to_o think_v on_o and_o as_o those_o be_v increase_v and_o retain_v so_o it_o come_v by_o exercise_n to_o improve_v its_o faculty_n of_o think_v in_o the_o several_a part_n of_o it_o as_o well_o as_o afterward_o by_o compound_v those_o idea_n and_o reflect_v on_o its_o own_o operation_n it_o increase_v its_o stock_n as_o well_o as_o facility_n in_o remember_v imagine_v reason_v and_o other_o mode_n of_o think_v §_o 21._o he_o that_o will_v suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v inform_v by_o observation_n and_o experience_n and_o not_o make_v his_o own_o hypothesis_n the_o rule_n of_o nature_n will_v find_v few_o sign_n of_o a_o soul_n accustom_v to_o much_o think_n in_o a_o new_a bear_v child_n and_o much_o few_o of_o any_o reason_v at_o all_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o imagine_v that_o the_o rational_a soul_n shall_v think_v so_o much_o and_o not_o reason_n at_o all_o and_o he_o that_o will_v consider_v that_o infant_n new_o come_v into_o the_o world_n spend_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o time_n in_o sleep_n and_o be_v seldom_o awake_a but_o when_o either_o hunger_n call_v for_o the_o teat_n or_o some_o pain_n the_o most_o importunate_a of_o all_o sensation_n or_o some_o other_o violent_a idea_n force_v the_o mind_n to_o perceive_v and_o attend_v to_o it_o he_o i_o say_v who_o consider_v this_o will_n perhaps_o find_v reason_n to_o imagine_v that_o a_o foetus_fw-la in_o the_o mother_n womb_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o the_o state_n of_o a_o vegetable_a but_o pass_v the_o great_a part_n of_o its_o time_n without_o perception_n or_o thought_n do_v very_o little_a but_o sleep_n in_o a_o place_n where_o it_o need_v not_o seek_v for_o food_n and_o be_v surround_v with_o liquor_n always_o equal_o soft_a and_o near_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n where_o the_o eye_n have_v no_o light_n and_o the_o ear_n so_o shut_v up_o be_v not_o very_o susceptible_a of_o sound_n and_o where_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o variety_n or_o change_v of_o object_n to_o move_v the_o sense_n §_o 22._o follow_v a_o child_n from_o its_o birth_n and_o observe_v the_o alteration_n that_o time_n make_v and_o you_o shall_v find_v as_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o sense_n come_v more_o and_o more_o to_o be_v furnish_v with_o idea_n it_o come_v to_o be_v more_o and_o more_o awake_a think_v more_o the_o more_o it_o have_v matter_n to_o think_v on_o after_o some_o time_n it_o begin_v to_o know_v the_o object_n which_o be_v most_o familiar_a with_o it_o have_v make_v last_v impression_n thus_o it_o come_v by_o degree_n to_o know_v the_o person_n it_o daily_o converse_v with_o and_o distinguish_v they_o from_o stranger_n which_o be_v instance_n and_o effect_n of_o its_o come_n to_o retain_v and_o distinguish_v the_o idea_n the_o sense_n convey_v to_o it_o and_o so_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o the_o mind_n by_o degree_n improve_v in_o these_o and_o advance_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o those_o other_o faculty_n of_o enlarge_a compound_v and_o abstract_v its_o idea_n and_o of_o reason_v about_o they_o and_o reflect_v upon_o all_o these_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o hereafter_o §_o 23._o if_o it_o shall_v be_v demand_v then_o when_o a_o man_n begin_v to_o have_v any_o idea_n i_o think_v the_o true_a answer_n be_v when_o he_o first_o have_v any_o sensation_n for_o since_o there_o appear_v not_o to_o be_v any_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n before_o the_o sense_n have_v convey_v any_o in_o i_o conceive_v that_o idea_n in_o the_o understanding_n be_v coeval_fw-fr with_o sensation_n which_o be_v such_o a_o impression_n or_o motion_n make_v in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o make_v it_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o understanding_n §_o 24._o the_o impression_n then_o that_o be_v make_v on_o our_o sense_n by_o outward_a object_n that_o be_v extrinsical_a to_o the_o mind_n and_o its_o own_o operation_n about_o these_o impression_n reflect_v on_o by_o its_o self_n as_o proper_a object_n to_o be_v contemplate_v by_o it_o be_v i_o conceive_v the_o original_a of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o the_o first_o capacity_n of_o (null)_o intellect_n be_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v fit_v to_o receive_v the_o impression_n make_v on_o it_o either_o through_o the_o sense_n by_o outward_a object_n or_o by_o its_o own_o operation_n when_o it_o reflect_v on_o they_o this_o be_v the_o first_o step_n a_o man_n make_v towards_o the_o discovery_n of_o any_o thing_n and_o the_o groundwork_n whereon_o to_o build_v all_o those_o notion_n which_o ever_o he_o shall_v have_v natural_o in_o this_o world_n all_o those_o sublime_a thought_n which_o tower_n above_o the_o cloud_n and_o reach_v as_o high_a as_o heaven_n its_o self_n take_v their_o
from_o another_o where_o there_o be_v but_o the_o least_o difference_n consist_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n the_o exactness_n of_o judgement_n and_o clearness_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o one_o man_n above_o another_o and_o hence_o perhaps_o may_v be_v give_v some_o reason_n of_o that_o common_a observation_n that_o man_n who_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o wit_n and_o prompt_a memory_n have_v not_o always_o the_o clear_a judgement_n or_o deep_a reason_n for_o wit_n lie_v most_o in_o the_o assemblage_n of_o idea_n and_o put_v those_o together_o with_o quickness_n and_o variety_n wherein_o can_v be_v find_v any_o resemblance_n or_o congruity_n thereby_o to_o make_v up_o pleasant_a picture_n and_o agreeable_a vision_n in_o the_o fancy_n judgement_n on_o the_o contrary_a lie_v quite_o on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o separate_v careful_o idea_n one_o from_o another_o wherein_o can_v be_v find_v the_o least_o difference_n thereby_o to_o avoid_v be_v mislead_v by_o 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in_o all_o that_o great_a variety_n we_o do_v or_o can_v can_v conceive_v and_o may_v afford_v matter_n to_o far_a speculation_n chap._n xvi_o of_o number_n §_o 1._o among_o all_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v as_o there_o be_v none_o suggest_v to_o the_o mind_n by_o more_o way_n so_o there_o be_v none_o more_o simple_a than_o that_o of_o unity_n or_o one_o it_o have_v no_o shadow_n of_o variety_n nor_o composition_n in_o it_o every_o object_n our_o sense_n be_v employ_v about_o every_o idea_n in_o our_o understanding_n every_o thought_n of_o our_o mind_n bring_v this_o idea_n along_o with_o it_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v the_o most_o intimate_a to_o our_o thought_n as_o well_o as_o it_o be_v in_o its_o agreement_n to_o all_o other_o thing_n the_o most_o universal_a idea_n we_o have_v for_o number_n apply_v itself_o to_o man_n angel_n action_n thought_n every_o thing_n that_o either_o do_v exist_v or_o can_v be_v imagine_v §_o 2._o by_o repeat_v this_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o add_v the_o repetition_n together_o we_o come_v by_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o the_o modes_n of_o it_o thus_o by_o add_v one_o to_o one_o we_o have_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o two_o by_o put_v twelve_o unite_v together_o we_o have_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o dozen_o and_o so_o of_o a_o score_n or_o a_o million_o or_o any_o other_o number_n §_o 3._o the_o simple_n mode_n of_o number_n be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o distinct_a every_o the_o least_o variation_n which_o be_v a_o unite_v make_v each_o combination_n as_o clear_o different_a from_o that_o which_o approach_v near_a to_o it_o as_o the_o most_o remote_a two_o being_n as_o distinct_a from_o one_o as_o two_o hundred_o and_o the_o idea_n of_o two_o as_o distinct_a from_o the_o idea_n of_o three_o as_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v from_o that_o of_o a_o mite_n this_o be_v not_o so_o in_o other_o simple_a modes_n in_o which_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a nor_o perhaps_o possible_a for_o we_o 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collective_a idea_n mark_v by_o the_o name_n two_n and_o whosoever_o can_v do_v this_o and_o proceed_v on_o still_o add_v one_o more_o to_o the_o last_o collective_a idea_n he_o have_v of_o any_o number_n and_o give_v a_o name_n to_o it_o may_v count_v or_o have_v idea_n for_o several_a collection_n of_o unite_v distinguish_v one_o from_o another_o as_o far_o as_o he_o have_v a_o series_n of_o name_n for_o follow_a number_n and_o a_o memory_n to_o retain_v that_o series_n with_o their_o several_a name_n all_o numeration_n be_v but_o still_o the_o add_v of_o one_o unite_v more_o and_o give_v to_o the_o whole_a together_o as_o comprehend_v in_o one_o idea_n a_o new_a or_o distinct_a name_n or_o sign_n whereby_o to_o know_v it_o from_o those_o before_o and_o after_o and_o distinguish_v it_o from_o
all_o thing_n about_o we_o have_v fit_v our_o sense_n faculty_n and_o organ_n to_o the_o convenience_n of_o life_n and_o the_o business_n we_o have_v to_o do_v here_o we_o be_v able_a by_o our_o sense_n to_o know_v and_o distinguish_v thing_n and_o to_o examine_v they_o so_o far_o as_o to_o apply_v they_o to_o our_o uses_n and_o several_a way_n accommodate_v the_o exigence_n of_o this_o life_n we_o have_v insight_n enough_o into_o their_o admirable_a contrivance_n and_o wonderful_a effect_n to_o admire_v and_o magnify_v the_o wisdom_n power_n and_o goodness_n of_o their_o author_n such_o a_o knowledge_n as_o this_o which_o be_v suit_v to_o our_o present_a condition_n we_o want_v not_o faculty_n to_o attain_v but_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o god_n intend_v we_o shall_v have_v a_o perfect_a clear_a and_o adequate_a knowledge_n of_o they_o that_o perhaps_o be_v not_o in_o the_o comprehension_n of_o any_o finite_a be_v we_o be_v furnish_v with_o faculty_n dull_a and_o weak_a as_o they_o be_v to_o discover_v enough_o in_o the_o creature_n to_o lead_v we_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o creator_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o duty_n and_o we_o be_v fit_v well_o enough_o with_o ability_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o convenience_n of_o live_v these_o be_v our_o business_n in_o this_o world_n but_o be_v our_o sense_n alter_v and_o make_v much_o quick_a and_o acuter_n the_o appearance_n and_o outward_a scheme_n of_o thing_n will_v have_v quite_o another_o face_n to_o we_o and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v will_v be_v inconsistent_a with_o our_o be_v or_o at_o least_o well-being_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n we_o inhabit_v he_o that_o consider_v how_o little_a our_o constitution_n be_v able_a to_o bear_v a_o remove_n into_o part_n of_o this_o air_n not_o much_o high_a than_o that_o we_o common_o breath_n in_o will_v have_v reason_n to_o be_v satisfy_v that_o in_o this_o globe_n of_o earth_n allot_v for_o our_o mansion_n the_o alwise_a architect_n have_v suit_v our_o organ_n and_o the_o body_n that_o be_v to_o affect_v they_o one_o to_o another_o if_o our_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v but_o 1000_o time_n quick_a than_o it_o be_v how_o will_v a_o perpetual_a noise_n distract_v we_o and_o we_o shall_v in_o the_o quiet_a retirement_n be_v less_o able_a to_o sleep_v or_o meditate_v than_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o sea-fight_n nay_o if_o that_o most_o instructive_a of_o our_o sense_n see_v be_v in_o any_o man_n 1000_o or_o 100000_o more_o acute_a than_o it_o be_v now_o by_o the_o best_a microscope_n he_o will_v see_v thing_n 1000_o or_o 100000_o less_o than_o he_o do_v now_o and_o so_o come_v near_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o texture_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o corporeal_a thing_n and_o in_o many_o of_o they_o probable_o get_v idea_n of_o their_o internal_a constitution_n but_o then_o he_o will_v be_v in_o a_o quite_o different_a world_n from_o other_o people_n nothing_o will_v appear_v the_o same_o to_o he_o and_o other_o the_o visible_a idea_n of_o every_o thing_n will_v be_v different_a so_o that_o i_o doubt_v whether_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o man_n can_v discourse_v concern_v the_o object_n of_o sight_n or_o have_v any_o communication_n about_o colour_n their_o appearance_n be_v so_o whole_o different_a and_o perhaps_o such_o a_o quickness_n and_o tenderness_n of_o sight_n can_v not_o endure_v bright_a sunshine_n or_o so_o much_o as_o open_a daylight_n nor_o take_v in_o but_o a_o very_a small_a part_n of_o any_o object_n at_o once_o and_o that_o too_o only_o at_o a_o very_a near_o distance_n and_o if_o by_o the_o help_n of_o such_o microscopical_a eye_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o a_o man_n can_v penetrate_v far_o than_o ordinary_a into_o the_o secret_a composition_n and_o radical_a texture_n of_o body_n he_o will_v not_o make_v any_o great_a advantage_n by_o the_o change_n if_o such_o a_o acute_a sight_n will_v not_o serve_v to_o conduct_v he_o to_o the_o market_n and_o exchange_n if_o he_o can_v not_o see_v thing_n he_o be_v to_o avoid_v at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n nor_o distinguish_v thing_n he_o have_v to_o do_v with_o by_o those_o sensible_a quality_n other_o do_v he_o that_o be_v sharp-sighted_a enough_o to_o see_v the_o configuration_n of_o the_o minute_n particle_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o a_o clock_n and_o observe_v upon_o what_o peculiar_a structure_n and_o impulse_n its_o elastic_a motion_n depend_v will_v no_o doubt_n discover_v something_o very_o admirable_a but_o if_o eye_n so_o frame_v can_v not_o view_v at_o once_o the_o hand_n and_o the_o character_n of_o the_o hour-plate_n and_o thereby_o at_o a_o distance_n see_v what_o a-clock_o it_o be_v their_o owner_n can_v not_o be_v much_o benefit_v by_o that_o acuteness_n which_o whilst_o it_o discover_v the_o secret_a contrivance_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o machine_n make_v he_o loose_v its_o use_n §_o 13._o and_o here_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o propose_v a_o extravagant_a conjecture_n of_o i_o viz._n that_o since_o we_o have_v some_o reason_n if_o there_o be_v any_o credit_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o report_n of_o thing_n that_o our_o philosophy_n can_v account_v for_o to_o imagine_v that_o spirit_n can_v assume_v to_o themselves_o body_n of_o different_a bulk_n figure_n and_o conformation_n of_o part_n whether_o one_o great_a advantage_n some_o of_o they_o have_v over_o we_o may_v not_o lie_v in_o this_o that_o they_o can_v so_o frame_v and_o shape_n to_o themselves_o organ_n of_o sensation_n or_o perception_n as_o to_o suit_v they_o to_o their_o present_a design_n and_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o object_n they_o will_v consider_v for_o how_o much_o will_v that_o man_n exceed_v all_o other_o in_o knowledge_n who_o have_v but_o the_o faculty_n so_o to_o alter_v the_o structure_n of_o his_o eye_n that_o one_o sense_n as_o to_o make_v it_o capable_a of_o all_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o vision_n which_o the_o assistence_n of_o glass_n casual_o at_o at_o first_o light_n on_o have_v teach_v we_o to_o conceive_v what_o wonder_n will_v he_o discover_v who_o can_v so_o fit_v his_o eye_n to_o all_o sort_n of_o object_n as_o to_o see_v when_o he_o please_v the_o figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n particle_n in_o the_o blood_n and_o other_o juice_n of_o animal_n as_o distinct_o as_o he_o do_v at_o other_o time_n the_o shape_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o animal_n themselves_o but_o to_o we_o in_o our_o present_a state_n unalterable_a organ_n so_o contrive_v as_o to_o discover_v the_o figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o body_n whereon_o depend_v those_o sensible_a quality_n we_o now_o observe_v in_o they_o will_v perhaps_o be_v of_o no_o advantage_n god_n have_v no_o doubt_n make_v we_o so_o as_o be_v best_a for_o we_o in_o our_o present_a condition_n he_o have_v fit_v we_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o body_n that_o surround_v we_o and_o we_o have_v to_o do_v with_o and_o though_o we_o can_v by_o the_o faculty_n we_o have_v attain_v to_o a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o thing_n yet_o they_o will_v serve_v we_o well_o enough_o for_o those_o end_v above_o mention_v which_o be_v our_o great_a concernment_n i_o beg_v my_o reader_n be_v pardon_n for_o lay_v before_o he_o so_o wild_a a_o fancy_n concern_v the_o way_n of_o conception_n in_o being_n above_o we_o but_o how_o extravagant_a soever_o it_o be_v i_o doubt_v whether_o we_o can_v imagine_v any_o thing_n about_o the_o knowledge_n of_o angel_n but_o after_o this_o manner_n some_o way_n or_o other_o in_o proportion_n to_o what_o we_o find_v and_o observe_v in_o ourselves_o and_o though_o we_o can_v but_o allow_v that_o the_o infinite_a power_n and_o wisdom_n of_o god_n may_v frame_v creature_n with_o a_o thousand_o other_o faculty_n and_o way_n of_o perceive_v thing_n without_o they_o than_o what_o we_o have_v yet_o our_o thought_n can_v go_v no_o far_o than_o our_o own_o so_o impossible_a it_o be_v for_o we_o to_o enlarge_v our_o very_a guess_n beyond_o the_o idea_n receive_v from_o our_o own_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n the_o supposition_n at_o least_o that_o angel_n do_v sometime_o assume_v body_n need_v not_o startle_v we_o since_o some_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o most_o learned_a father_n of_o the_o church_n seem_v to_o believe_v that_o they_o have_v body_n and_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o their_o state_n and_o way_n of_o existence_n be_v unknown_a to_o we_o §_o 14._o but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o substance_n and_o the_o way_n we_o come_v by_o they_o i_o say_v our_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o collection_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o simple_a idea_n consider_v as_o unite_v in_o one_o thing_n these_o idea_n of_o substance_n though_o they_o
from_o another_o and_o have_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a idea_n in_o we_o of_o think_v as_o of_o solidity_n i_o know_v not_o why_o we_o may_v not_o as_o well_o allow_v a_o think_v thing_n without_o solidity_n i._n e._n immaterial_a to_o exist_v as_o a_o solid_a thing_n without_o think_v i._n e._n matter_n to_o exist_v especial_o since_o it_o be_v no_o hard_a to_o conceive_v how_o think_v shall_v exist_v without_o matter_n than_o how_o matter_n shall_v think_v for_o whensoever_o we_o will_v proceed_v beyond_o these_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n and_o dive_v far_o into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n we_o fall_v present_o into_o darkness_n and_o obscurity_n perplexedness_n and_o difficulty_n and_o can_v discover_v nothing_o far_o but_o our_o own_o blindness_n and_o ignorance_n but_o which_o ever_o of_o these_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v clear_a that_o of_o body_n or_o spirit_n this_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v they_o up_o be_v no_o other_o than_o what_o we_o have_v receive_v from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o so_o be_v it_o of_o all_o our_o other_o idea_n of_o substance_n even_o of_o god_n himself_o §_o 33._o for_o if_o we_o examine_v the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o the_o incomprehensible_a supreme_a be_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o we_o come_v by_o it_o the_o same_o way_n and_o that_o the_o complex_fw-la ideas_n we_o have_v both_o of_o god_n and_o separate_v spirit_n be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o receive_v from_o reflection_n v_o g._n have_v from_o what_o we_o experiment_n in_o ourselves_o get_v the_o idea_n of_o existence_n and_o duration_n of_o knowledge_n and_o power_n of_o pleasure_n and_o happiness_n and_o of_o several_a other_o quality_n and_o power_n which_o it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v than_o to_o be_v without_o when_o we_o will_v frame_v a_o idea_n the_o most_o suitable_a we_o can_v to_o the_o supreme_a be_v we_o enlarge_v every_o one_o of_o these_o with_o our_o idea_n of_o infinity_o and_o so_o put_v they_o together_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o god_n for_o that_o the_o mind_n have_v such_o a_o power_n of_o enlarge_a some_o of_o its_o idea_n receive_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n have_v be_v already_o show_v §_o 34._o if_o i_o find_v that_o i_o know_v some_o few_o thing_n and_o some_o of_o they_o or_o all_o perhaps_o imperfect_o i_o can_v frame_v a_o idea_n of_o know_v twice_o as_o many_o which_o i_o can_v double_v again_o as_o often_o as_o i_o can_v add_v to_o number_n and_o thus_o enlarge_v my_o idea_n of_o knowledge_n by_o extend_v its_o comprehension_n to_o all_o thing_n exist_v or_o possible_a the_o same_o also_o i_o can_v do_v of_o know_v they_o more_o perfect_o i._n e._n all_o their_o quality_n power_n cause_n consequence_n and_o relation_n etc._n etc._n till_o all_o be_v perfect_o know_v that_o be_v in_o they_o or_o can_v any_o way_n relate_v to_o they_o and_o thus_o frame_v the_o idea_n of_o infinite_a or_o boundless_a knowledge_n the_o same_o may_v also_o be_v do_v of_o power_n till_o we_o come_v to_o that_o we_o call_v infinite_a and_o also_o of_o the_o duration_n of_o existence_n without_o beginning_n or_o end_n and_o so_o frame_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o eternal_a be_v the_o degree_n or_o extent_n wherein_o we_o ascribe_v existence_n power_n wisdom_n and_o all_o other_o perfection_n which_o we_o can_v have_v any_o idea_n of_o to_o that_o sovereign_n be_v which_o we_o call_v god_n be_v all_o boundless_a and_o infinite_a we_o frame_v the_o best_a idea_n of_o he_o our_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o which_o be_v do_v i_o say_v by_o enlarge_a those_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v take_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n by_o reflection_n or_o by_o our_o sense_n from_o exterior_a thing_n to_o that_o vastness_n to_o which_o infinity_o can_v extend_v they_o §_o 35._o for_o it_o be_v infinity_o which_o join_v to_o our_o idea_n of_o existence_n power_n knowledge_n etc._n etc._n make_v that_o complex_fw-la idea_n whereby_o we_o represent_v to_o ourselves_o the_o best_a we_o can_v the_o supreme_a be_v for_o though_o in_o his_o own_o essence_n which_o certain_o we_o do_v not_o know_v not_o know_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o a_o pebble_n or_o a_o fly_n or_o of_o our_o own_o self_n god_n be_v simple_a and_o uncompounded_a yet_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v we_o have_v no_o other_o idea_n of_o he_o but_o a_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o existence_n knowledge_n power_n happiness_n etc._n etc._n infinite_a and_o eternal_a which_o be_v all_o distinct_a idea_n and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v relative_a be_v again_o compound_v of_o other_o all_o which_o be_v as_o have_v be_v show_v original_o get_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n go_v to_o make_v up_o the_o idea_n or_o notion_n we_o have_v of_o god_n §_o 36._o this_o far_a be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o idea_n we_o attribute_v to_o god_n bate_v infinity_o which_o be_v not_o also_o a_o part_n of_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o other_o spirit_n because_o be_v capable_a of_o no_o other_o simple_a idea_n belong_v to_o any_o thing_n but_o body_n but_o those_o which_o by_o reflection_n we_o receive_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n we_o can_v attribute_v to_o spirit_n no_o other_o but_o what_o we_o receive_v from_o thence_o and_o all_o the_o difference_n we_o can_v put_v between_o they_o in_o our_o contemplation_n of_o spirit_n be_v only_o in_o the_o several_a extent_n and_o degree_n of_o their_o knowledge_n power_n duration_n happiness_n etc._n etc._n for_o that_o in_o our_o idea_n as_o well_o of_o spirit_n as_o of_o other_o thing_n we_o be_v restrain_v to_o those_o we_o receive_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n be_v evident_a from_o hence_o that_o in_o our_o idea_n of_o spirit_n how_o much_o soever_o advance_v in_o perfection_n beyond_o those_o of_o body_n even_o to_o that_o of_o infinite_a we_o can_v yet_o have_v any_o idea_n of_o the_o manner_n wherein_o they_o discover_v their_o thought_n one_o to_o another_o though_o we_o must_v necessary_o conclude_v that_o spirit_n which_o be_v being_n that_o have_v perfect_a knowledge_n and_o great_a happiness_n than_o we_o must_v needs_o have_v also_o a_o perfect_a way_n of_o communicate_v their_o thought_n than_o we_o have_v who_o be_v fain_o to_o make_v use_n of_o corporeal_a sign_n and_o particular_o sound_v which_o be_v therefore_o of_o most_o general_a use_n as_o be_v the_o best_a and_o quick_a we_o be_v capable_a of_o but_o of_o immediate_a communication_n have_v no_o experiment_n in_o ourselves_o and_o consequent_o no_o notion_n of_o it_o at_o all_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n how_o spirit_n which_o use_v not_o word_n can_v with_o quickness_n or_o much_o less_o how_o spirit_n that_o have_v no_o body_n can_v be_v master_n of_o their_o own_o thought_n and_o communicate_v or_o conceal_v they_o at_o pleasure_n though_o we_o can_v but_o necessary_o suppose_v they_o have_v such_o a_o power_n §_o 37._o and_o thus_o we_o have_v see_v what_o kind_n of_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o substance_n of_o all_o kind_n wherein_o they_o consist_v and_o how_o we_o come_v by_o they_o from_o whence_o i_o think_v it_o be_v very_o evident_a first_o that_o all_o our_o idea_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n with_o a_o supposition_n of_o something_o to_o which_o they_o belong_v and_o in_o which_o they_o subsist_v though_o of_o this_o suppose_a something_o we_o have_v no_o clear_a distinct_a idea_n at_o all_o second_o that_o all_o the_o complex_fw-la ideas_n we_o have_v of_o substance_n be_v make_v up_o of_o no_o other_o simple_a idea_n but_o such_o as_o we_o have_v receive_v from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n so_o that_o even_o in_o those_o which_o we_o think_v we_o be_v most_o intimate_o acquaint_v with_o and_o come_v near_a the_o comprehension_n of_o our_o most_o enlarge_a conception_n can_v reach_v beyond_o those_o simple_a idea_n and_o even_o in_o those_o which_o seem_v most_o remote_a from_o all_o we_o have_v to_o do_v with_o and_o do_v infinite_o surpass_v any_o thing_n we_o can_v perceive_v in_o ourselves_o by_o reflection_n or_o discover_v by_o sensation_n in_o other_o thing_n we_o can_v attain_v to_o nothing_o but_o these_o simple_a idea_n which_o we_o original_o receive_v from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n as_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o complex_fw-la ideas_n we_o have_v of_o angel_n and_o particular_o of_o god_n himself_o three_o that_o most_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v up_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n when_o true_o consider_v be_v only_a power_n however_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o take_v they_o for_o positive_a quality_n v_o g._n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o idea_n that_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n be_v
sempronia_n and_o so_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o notion_n of_o brother_n as_o of_o birth_n and_o perhaps_o clear_a for_o if_o i_o believe_v that_o sempronia_n dig_v titus_n out_o of_o the_o parsley-bed_n as_o they_o use_v to_o tell_v child_n and_o thereby_o become_v his_o mother_n and_o that_o afterward_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n she_o dig_v cajus_n out_o of_o the_o parsley-bed_n i_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o notion_n of_o the_o relation_n of_o brother_n between_o they_o as_o if_o i_o have_v all_o the_o skill_n of_o a_o midwife_n the_o notion_n that_o the_o same_o woman_n contribute_v as_o mother_n equal_o to_o their_o birth_n though_o i_o be_v ignorant_a or_o mistake_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o be_v that_o on_o which_o i_o ground_v the_o relation_n and_o that_o they_o agree_v in_o that_o circumstance_n of_o birth_n let_v it_o be_v what_o it_o will_n the_o compare_v they_o then_o in_o their_o descent_n from_o the_o same_o person_n without_o know_v the_o particular_a circumstance_n of_o that_o descent_n be_v enough_o to_o find_v my_o notion_n of_o their_o have_v or_o not_o have_v the_o relation_n of_o brother_n but_o though_o the_o idea_n of_o particular_a relation_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a in_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o who_o will_v due_o consider_v they_o as_o those_o of_o mix_a modes_n and_o more_o determinate_a than_o those_o of_o substance_n yet_o the_o name_n belong_v to_o relation_n be_v often_o of_o as_o doubtful_a and_o incertain_a signification_n as_o those_o of_o substance_n or_o mix_v modes_n and_o much_o more_o than_o those_o of_o simple_a idea_n because_o relative_n word_n be_v the_o mark_v of_o this_o comparison_n which_o be_v make_v only_o by_o man_n thought_n and_o be_v a_o idea_n only_o in_o man_n mind_n man_n frequent_o apply_v they_o to_o different_a comparison_n of_o thing_n according_a to_o their_o own_o imagination_n which_o do_v not_o always_o correspond_v with_o those_o of_o other_o use_v the_o same_o name_n §_o 20._o three_o that_o in_o these_o i_o call_v moral_a relation_n i_o have_v a_o true_a notion_n of_o relation_n by_o compare_v the_o action_n with_o the_o rule_n whether_o the_o rule_n be_v true_a or_o false_a for_o if_o i_o measure_v any_o thing_n by_o a_o yard_n i_o know_v whether_o the_o thing_n i_o measure_v be_v long_o or_o short_a than_o that_o suppose_a yard_n though_o perhaps_o the_o yard_n i_o measure_v by_o be_v not_o exact_o the_o standard_n which_o indeed_o be_v another_o enquiry_n for_o though_o the_o rule_n be_v erroneous_a and_o i_o mistake_v in_o it_o yet_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o that_o which_o i_o compare_v with_o it_o be_v evident_o know_v by_o i_o wherein_o consist_v my_o knowledge_n of_o relation_n though_o measure_v by_o a_o wrong_a rule_n i_o shall_v thereby_o be_v bring_v to_o judge_v amiss_o of_o its_o moral_a rectitude_n because_o i_o have_v try_v it_o by_o that_o which_o be_v not_o the_o true_a rule_n but_o be_o not_o mistake_v in_o the_o relation_n that_o action_n bear_v to_o that_o rule_n i_o compare_v it_o to_o which_o be_v agreement_n or_o disagreement_n chap._n xxviii_o of_o clear_a and_o obscure_a distinct_a and_o confuse_a idea_n §_o 1._o have_v show_v the_o original_a of_o our_o idea_n and_o consider_v the_o several_a sort_n of_o they_o as_o simple_z and_o complex_n and_o show_v the_o difference_n in_o complex_n one_o betwixt_o those_o of_o modes_n relation_n and_o substance_n all_o which_o i_o think_v be_v necessary_a to_o be_v do_v by_o any_o one_o who_o will_v acquaint_v himself_o thorough_o with_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o its_o apprehension_n and_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n it_o will_v perhaps_o be_v think_v i_o have_v dwell_v long_o enough_o upon_o the_o examination_n of_o idea_n i_o must_v nevertheless_o crave_v leave_n to_o offer_v some_o few_o other_o consideration_n concern_v they_o the_o first_o be_v that_o some_o be_v clear_a and_o other_o obscure_a some_o distinct_a and_o other_o confuse_v §_o 2._o perception_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v most_o apt_o explain_v by_o word_n relate_v to_o the_o sight_n we_o shall_v best_o understand_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o clear_a and_o obscure_a in_o our_o idea_n by_o reflect_v on_o what_o we_o call_v clear_a and_o obscure_a in_o the_o object_n of_o sight_n light_o be_v that_o which_o discover_v to_o we_o visible_a object_n we_o give_v the_o name_n of_o obscure_a to_o that_o which_o be_v not_o place_v in_o a_o light_n sufficient_a to_o discover_v minutely_o to_o we_o the_o figure_n and_o colour_n which_o be_v observable_a in_o it_o and_o which_o in_o a_o better_a light_n will_v be_v discernible_a thus_o our_o simple_a idea_n be_v clear_a when_o they_o be_v such_o as_o the_o object_n themselves_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v take_v do_v in_o a_o well-ordered_a sensation_n or_o perception_n present_v they_o whilst_o the_o memory_n retain_v they_o thus_o and_o can_v produce_v they_o so_o to_o the_o mind_n whenever_o it_o have_v occasion_n to_o consider_v they_o they_o be_v clear_a idea_n so_o far_o as_o they_o either_o want_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o original_a exactness_n or_o have_v lose_v any_o of_o their_o first_o freshness_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v fade_v or_o tarnish_v by_o time_n so_o far_o be_v they_o obscure_a complex_fw-la ideas_n as_o they_o be_v make_v up_o of_o simple_a one_o so_o they_o be_v clear_a when_o the_o idea_n that_o go_v to_o their_o composition_n be_v clear_a and_o the_o number_n and_o order_n of_o those_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v the_o ingredient_n of_o any_o complex_n one_o be_v determinate_a and_o certain_a §_o 3._o the_o cause_n of_o obscurity_n in_o simple_a idea_n seem_v to_o be_v either_o dull_a organ_n or_o very_o slight_a and_o transient_a impression_n make_v by_o the_o object_n or_o else_o a_o weakness_n in_o the_o memory_n not_o able_a to_o retain_v they_o as_o receive_v for_o to_o return_v again_o to_o visible_a object_n to_o help_v we_o to_o apprehend_v this_o matter_n if_o the_o organ_n or_o faculty_n of_o perception_n like_o wax_n over-hardned_n with_o cold_a will_v not_o receive_v the_o impression_n of_o the_o seal_n from_o the_o usual_a impulse_n wont_a to_o imprint_v it_o or_o like_o wax_n of_o a_o temper_n too_o soft_a will_v not_o hold_v it_o well_o when_o well_o imprint_v or_o else_o suppose_v the_o wax_n of_o a_o temper_n fit_a but_o the_o seal_v not_o apply_v with_o a_o sufficient_a force_n to_o make_v a_o clear_a impression_n in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n the_o print_n leave_v by_o the_o seal_n will_v be_v obscure_a this_o i_o suppose_v need_v no_o application_n to_o make_v it_o plain_o §_o 4._o as_o a_o clear_a idea_n be_v that_o whereof_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o full_a and_o evident_a perception_n so_o a_o distinct_a idea_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o mind_n perceive_v a_o difference_n from_o all_o other_o and_o a_o confuse_a idea_n be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v not_o sufficient_o distinguishable_a from_o another_o from_o which_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v different_a §_o 5._o if_o no_o idea_n be_v confuse_v but_o such_o as_o be_v not_o sufficient_o distinguishable_a from_o another_o from_o which_o it_o shall_v be_v different_a it_o will_v be_v hard_a may_v any_o one_o say_v to_o find_v anywhere_o a_o confuse_a idea_n for_o let_v any_o idea_n be_v as_o it_o will_v it_o can_v be_v no_o other_o but_o such_o as_o the_o mind_n perceive_v it_o to_o be_v and_o that_o very_a perception_n sufficient_o distinguish_v it_o from_o all_o other_o idea_n which_o can_v be_v other_o i_o e._n different_a without_o be_v perceive_v to_o be_v so_o no_o idea_n therefore_o can_v be_v undistinguishable_a from_o another_o from_o which_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v different_a unless_o you_o will_v have_v it_o different_a from_o itself_o for_o from_o all_o other_o it_o be_v evident_o different_a §_o 6._o to_o remove_v this_o difficulty_n and_o to_o help_v we_o to_o conceive_v aright_o what_o it_o be_v that_o make_v the_o confusion_n idea_n be_v at_o any_o time_n chargeable_a with_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o thing_n be_v suppose_v different_a enough_o to_o have_v different_a name_n whereby_o to_o be_v mark_v and_o discourse_v of_o apart_o upon_o any_o occasion_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o evident_a than_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o different_a name_n be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v for_o different_a thing_n now_o every_o idea_n a_o man_n have_v be_v visible_o what_o it_o be_v and_o distinct_a from_o all_o other_o idea_n but_o itself_o that_o which_o make_v it_o confuse_v be_v when_o it_o be_v such_o that_o it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v call_v by_o another_o name_n as_o that_o which_o it_o be_v express_v by_o the_o difference_n which_o keep_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v rank_v under_o those_o two_o different_a name_n distinct_a and_o make_v they_o belong_v rather_o
a_o conformity_n to_o what_o have_v real_o exi_v the_o other_o not_o three_o when_o the_o mind_n refer_v any_o of_o its_o idea_n to_o that_o real_a constitution_n and_o essence_n of_o any_o thing_n whereon_o all_o its_o property_n depend_v and_o thus_o the_o great_a part_n if_o not_o all_o our_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v false_a §_o 6._o these_o supposition_n the_o mind_n be_v very_o apt_a tacit_o to_o make_v concern_v its_o own_o idea_n but_o yet_o if_o we_o will_v examine_v it_o we_o shall_v find_v it_o be_v chief_o if_o not_o only_o concern_v its_o abstract_n complex_fw-la idea_n for_o the_o natural_a tendency_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v towards_o knowledge_n and_o find_v if_o it_o shall_v proceed_v by_o and_o dwell_v upon_o only_o particular_a thing_n its_o progress_n will_v be_v very_o slow_a and_o its_o work_n endless_a therefore_o to_o shorten_v its_o way_n to_o knowledge_n and_o make_v each_o perception_n the_o more_o comprehensive_a the_o first_o thing_n it_o do_v as_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o easy_a enlarge_n be_v knowledge_n either_o by_o contemplation_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o that_o it_o will_v know_v or_o conference_n with_o other_o about_o they_o be_v to_o bind_v they_o into_o bundle_n and_o rank_v they_o so_o into_o sort_n that_o what_o knowledge_n it_o get_v of_o any_o of_o they_o it_o may_v thereby_o with_o assurance_n extend_v to_o all_o of_o that_o sort_n and_o so_o advance_v by_o large_a step_n in_o that_o which_o be_v its_o great_a business_n knowledge_n this_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o we_o collect_v thing_n under_o comprehensive_a idea_n with_o name_n annex_v to_o they_o into_o genera_n and_o species_n i._n e._n into_o kind_n and_o sort_n §_o 7._o if_o therefore_o we_o will_v wary_o attend_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o observe_v what_o couse_n it_o usual_o take_v in_o its_o way_n to_o knowledge_n we_o shall_v i_o think_v find_v that_o the_o mind_n have_v get_v any_o idea_n which_o it_o think_v it_o may_v have_v use_n of_o either_o in_o contemplation_n or_o discourse_n the_o first_o thing_n it_o do_v be_v to_o abstract_n it_o and_o then_o get_v a_o name_n to_o it_o and_o so_o lie_v it_o up_o in_o its_o storehouse_n the_o memory_n as_o contain_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o sort_n of_o thing_n of_o which_o that_o name_n be_v always_o to_o be_v the_o mark._n hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o may_v often_o observe_v that_o when_o any_o one_o see_v a_o new_a thing_n of_o a_o kind_n that_o he_o know_v not_o he_o present_o ask_v what_o it_o be_v mean_v by_o that_o enquiry_n nothing_o but_o the_o name_n as_o if_o the_o name_v carry_v with_o it_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o species_n or_o the_o essence_n of_o it_o whereof_o it_o be_v indeed_o use_v as_o the_o mark_n and_o be_v general_o suppose_v annex_v to_o it_o §_o 8._o but_o this_o abstract_n idea_n be_v something_o in_o the_o mind_n between_o the_o thing_n that_o exist_v and_o the_o name_n that_o be_v give_v to_o it_o it_o be_v in_o our_o idea_n that_o both_o the_o rightness_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o the_o propriety_n or_o intelligibleness_n of_o our_o speak_v consist_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o man_n be_v so_o forward_o to_o suppose_v that_o the_o abstract_n idea_n they_o have_v in_o their_o mind_n be_v such_o as_o agree_v to_o the_o thing_n exist_v without_o they_o to_o which_o they_o be_v refer_v and_o be_v the_o same_o also_o to_o which_o the_o name_n they_o give_v they_o do_v by_o the_o use_n and_o propriety_n of_o that_o language_n belong_v for_o without_o this_o double_a conformity_n of_o their_o idea_n they_o find_v they_o shall_v both_o think_v amiss_o of_o thing_n in_o themselves_o and_o talk_v of_o they_o unintelligible_o to_o other_o §_o 9_o first_o then_o i_o say_v that_o when_o the_o truth_n of_o our_o idea_n be_v judge_v of_o by_o the_o conformity_n they_o have_v to_o the_o idea_n which_o other_o man_n have_v and_o common_o signify_v by_o the_o same_o name_n they_o may_v be_v any_o of_o they_o false_a but_o yet_o simple_a idea_n be_v least_o of_o all_o liable_a to_o be_v so_o mistake_v because_o a_o man_n by_o his_o sense_n and_o every_o day_n be_v observation_n may_v easy_o satisfy_v himself_o what_o the_o simple_a idea_n be_v which_o their_o several_a name_n that_o be_v in_o common_a use_n stand_v for_o they_o be_v but_o few_o in_o number_n and_o such_o as_o if_o he_o doubt_v or_o mistake_v in_o he_o may_v easy_o rectify_v by_o the_o object_n they_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o therefore_o it_o be_v seldom_o that_o any_o one_o mistake_n in_o his_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n or_o apply_v the_o name_n red_a to_o the_o idea_n of_o green_n or_o the_o name_n sweet_a to_o the_o idea_n bitter_a much_o less_o be_v man_n apt_a to_o confound_v the_o name_n belong_v to_o different_a sense_n and_o call_v a_o colour_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o taste_n etc._n etc._n whereby_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o simple_a idea_n they_o call_v by_o any_o name_n be_v common_o the_o same_o that_o other_o have_v and_o mean_v when_o they_o use_v the_o same_o name_n §_o 10._o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v much_o more_o liable_a to_o be_v false_a in_o this_o respect_n and_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n much_o more_o than_o those_o of_o substance_n because_o in_o substance_n especial_o those_o which_o the_o common_a and_o unborrowed_a name_n of_o any_o language_n be_v apply_v to_o some_o remarkable_a sensible_a quality_n serve_v ordinary_o to_o distinguish_v one_o sort_n from_o another_o easy_o preserve_v those_o who_o take_v any_o care_n in_o the_o use_n of_o their_o word_n from_o apply_v they_o to_o sort_n of_o substance_n to_o which_o they_o do_v not_o at_o all_o belong_v but_o in_o mix_a modes_n we_o be_v much_o more_o uncertain_a it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o determine_v of_o several_a action_n whether_o they_o be_v to_o be_v call_v justice_n or_o cruelty_n liberality_n or_o prodigality_n and_o so_o in_o refer_v our_o idea_n to_o those_o of_o other_o man_n call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n we_o may_v be_v false_a and_o our_o idea_n we_o call_v justice_n may_v perhaps_o be_v that_o which_o ought_v to_o have_v another_o name_n §_o 11._o but_o whether_o or_o no_o our_o idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n be_v more_o liable_a than_o any_o sort_n to_o be_v different_a from_o those_o of_o other_o man_n which_o be_v mark_v by_o the_o same_o name_n this_o at_o least_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o sort_n of_o falsehood_n be_v much_o more_o familiar_o attribute_v to_o our_o idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n than_o to_o any_o other_o when_o a_o man_n be_v think_v to_o have_v a_o false_a idea_n of_o justice_n or_o gratitude_n or_o glory_n it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o that_o his_o agree_v not_o with_o the_o idea_n which_o each_o of_o those_o name_n be_v the_o sign_n of_o in_o other_o men._n the_o reason_n whereof_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v this_o that_o the_o abstract_n idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n be_v man_n voluntary_a combination_n of_o such_o a_o precise_a collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o so_o the_o essence_n of_o each_o species_n be_v make_v by_o man_n alone_o whereof_o we_o have_v no_o other_o sensible_a standard_n exist_v any_o where_o but_o the_o name_n itself_o or_o the_o definition_n of_o that_o name_n we_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o refer_v these_o our_o idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n to_o as_o standard_n to_o which_o we_o will_v conform_v they_o but_o the_o idea_n of_o those_o who_o be_v think_v to_o use_v those_o name_n in_o their_o most_o proper_a signification_n and_o so_o as_o our_o idea_n conform_v or_o differ_v from_o they_o they_o pass_v for_o true_a or_o false_a and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n of_o our_o idea_n in_o reference_n to_o their_o name_n §_o 13._o second_o as_o to_o the_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n of_o our_o idea_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n when_o that_o be_v make_v the_o standard_n of_o their_o truth_n none_o of_o they_o can_v be_v term_v false_a but_o only_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n §_o 14._o first_o our_o simple_a idea_n be_v bare_o such_o perception_n as_o god_n have_v fit_v we_o to_o receive_v and_o give_v power_n to_o external_a object_n to_o produce_v in_o we_o by_o establish_a law_n and_o way_n suitable_a to_o his_o wisdom_n and_o goodness_n though_o incomprehensible_a to_o we_o their_o truth_n consist_v in_o nothing_o else_o but_o in_o such_o appearance_n as_o be_v produce_v in_o we_o and_o must_v be_v suitable_a to_o those_o power_n he_o have_v place_v in_o external_a object_n or_o else_o they_o can_v not_o be_v produce_v in_o we_o and_o thus_o answer_v those_o power_n they_o be_v what_o
wrong_n as_o far_o as_o they_o disagree_v with_o such_o archetype_n §_o 27._o have_v thus_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o original_n sort_n and_o extent_n of_o our_o idea_n with_o several_a other_o consideration_n about_o these_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o i_o may_v say_v instrument_n or_o material_n of_o our_o knowledge_n the_o method_n i_o at_o first_o propose_v to_o myself_o will_v now_o require_v that_o i_o shall_v immediate_o proceed_v to_o show_v what_o use_v the_o understanding_n make_v of_o they_o and_o what_o knowledge_n we_o have_v by_o they_o this_o be_v that_o which_o in_o the_o first_o general_a view_n i_o have_v of_o this_o subject_a be_v all_o that_o i_o think_v i_o shall_v have_v to_o do_v but_o upon_o a_o near_a approach_n i_o find_v that_o there_o be_v so_o close_a a_o connexion_n between_o idea_n and_o word_n and_o our_o abstract_n idea_n and_o general_a word_n have_v so_o constant_a a_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o speak_v clear_o and_o distinct_o of_o our_o knowledge_n which_o all_o consist_v in_o proposition_n without_o consider_v first_o the_o nature_n use_v and_o signification_n of_o language_n which_o therefore_o must_v be_v the_o business_n of_o the_o next_o book_n book_n iii_o chap._n i._o of_o word_n or_o language_n in_o general_n §_o 1._o god_n have_v design_v man_n for_o a_o sociable_a creature_n make_v he_o not_o only_o with_o a_o inclination_n and_o under_o a_o necessity_n to_o have_v fellowship_n with_o those_o of_o his_o own_o kind_n but_o furnish_v he_o also_o with_o language_n which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o great_a instrument_n and_o common_a tie_n of_o society_n man_n therefore_o have_v by_o nature_n his_o organ_n so_o fashion_v as_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o frame_v articulate_a sound_n which_o we_o call_v word_n but_o this_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o produce_v language_n for_o parrot_n and_o several_a other_o bird_n will_v be_v teach_v to_o make_v articulate_a sound_v distinct_a enough_o which_o yet_o by_o no_o mean_n be_v capable_a of_o language_n §_o 2._o beside_o articulate_a sound_n therefore_o it_o be_v far_o necessary_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o use_v these_o sound_n as_o signs_z of_o internal_a conception_n and_o to_o make_v they_o stand_v as_o mark_n for_o the_o idea_n within_o his_o own_o mind_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v make_v know_v to_o other_o and_o the_o thought_n of_o man_n mind_n be_v convey_v from_o one_o to_o another_o §_o 3._o but_o neither_o be_v this_o sufficient_a to_o make_v word_n so_o useful_a as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o the_o perfection_n of_o language_n that_o sound_n can_v be_v make_v sign_n of_o idea_n unless_o those_o sign_n can_v be_v so_o make_v use_n of_o as_o to_o comprehend_v several_a particular_a thing_n for_o the_o multiplication_n of_o word_n will_v have_v perplex_v their_o use_n have_v every_o particular_a thing_n need_v of_o a_o distinct_a name_n to_o be_v signify_v by_o §_o 4._o word_n than_o be_v make_v to_o be_v sign_n of_o our_o idea_n and_o be_v general_a or_o particular_a as_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v general_a or_o particular_a but_o beside_o these_o name_n which_o stand_v for_o idea_n there_o be_v other_o which_o man_n have_v find_v and_o make_v use_n of_o not_o to_o signify_v any_o idea_n but_o the_o want_n or_o absence_n of_o some_o idea_n simple_a or_o complex_fw-la or_o all_o idea_n together_o such_o as_o be_v the_o latin_a word_n nihil_fw-la and_o in_o english_a ignorance_n and_o burrenness_n all_o which_o negative_a or_o privative_a word_n can_v be_v say_v proper_o to_o belong_v to_o or_o signify_v no_o idea_n for_o than_o they_o will_v be_v perfect_o insignificant_a sound_n but_o they_o relate_v to_o positive_a idea_n and_o signify_v their_o absence_n §_o 5._o it_o may_v also_o lead_v we_o a_o little_a towards_o the_o original_a of_o all_o our_o notion_n and_o knowledge_n if_o we_o remark_n how_o great_a a_o dependence_n our_o word_n have_v on_o common_a sensible_a idea_n and_o how_o those_o which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o stand_v for_o action_n and_o notion_n quite_o remove_v from_o sense_n have_v their_o original_a and_o be_v transfer_v from_o obvious_a sensible_a idea_n v_o g._n to_o imagine_v apprehend_v comprehend_v adhere_v conceive_v instill_v disgust_n disturbance_n tranquillity_n etc._n etc._n be_v all_o word_n take_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o sensible_a thing_n and_o apply_v to_o certain_a modes_n of_o think_v spirit_n in_o its_o primary_n signification_n be_v breath_n angel_n a_o messenger_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o we_o can_v trace_v they_o to_o their_o original_n we_o shall_v find_v in_o all_o language_n the_o name_n which_o stand_v for_o thing_n that_o fall_v not_o under_o our_o sense_n to_o have_v have_v their_o first_o rise_n from_o sensible_a idea_n by_o which_o we_o may_v give_v some_o kind_n of_o guess_n what_o kind_n of_o notion_n they_o be_v and_o whence_o derive_v which_o fill_v their_o mind_n who_o be_v the_o first_o beginner_n of_o language_n and_o how_o nature_n even_o in_o the_o name_n of_o thing_n unaware_o suggest_v to_o man_n the_o original_n and_o principle_n of_o all_o their_o knowledge_n whilst_o to_o give_v name_n that_o may_v make_v know_v to_o other_o any_o operation_n they_o feel_v in_o themselves_o or_o any_o other_o idea_n that_o come_v not_o under_o their_o sense_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o borrow_v word_n from_o ordinary_a know_a idea_n of_o sensation_n by_o that_o mean_n to_o make_v other_o the_o more_o easy_o to_o conceive_v those_o operation_n they_o experiment_v in_o themselves_o which_o make_v no_o outward_a sensible_a appearance_n and_o then_o when_o they_o have_v get_v know_v and_o agree_v name_n to_o signify_v those_o internal_a operation_n of_o their_o own_o mind_n they_o be_v sufficient_o furnish_v to_o make_v know_v by_o word_n all_o their_o other_o idea_n since_o they_o can_v consist_v of_o nothing_o but_o either_o of_o outward_a sensible_a perception_n or_o of_o the_o inward_a operation_n of_o their_o mind_n about_o they_o we_o have_v as_o have_v be_v prove_v no_o idea_n at_o all_o but_o what_o original_o come_v either_o from_o sensible_a object_n without_o or_o what_o we_o feel_v within_o ourselves_o from_o the_o inward_a work_n of_o our_o own_o spirit_n which_o we_o be_v conscious_a to_o ourselves_o of_o within_o §_o 6._o but_o to_o understand_v better_o the_o use_n and_o force_v of_o language_n as_o subservient_fw-fr to_o instruction_n and_o knowledge_n it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o consider_v first_o to_o what_o it_o be_v that_o name_n in_o the_o use_n of_o language_n be_v immediate_o apply_v second_o since_o all_o except_o proper_a name_n be_v general_a and_o so_o stand_v not_o particular_o for_o this_o or_o that_o single_a thing_n but_o for_o sort_n and_o rank_n of_o thing_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v in_o the_o next_o place_n what_o the_o sort_n and_o kind_n or_o if_o you_o rather_o like_o the_o latin_a name_n what_o the_o species_n and_o genera_n of_o thing_n be_v wherein_o they_o consist_v and_o how_o they_o come_v to_o be_v make_v these_o be_v as_o they_o ought_v well_o look_v into_o we_o shall_v the_o better_o come_v to_o find_v the_o right_a use_n of_o word_n the_o natural_a advantage_n and_o defect_n of_o language_n and_o the_o remedy_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v use_v to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o obscurity_n or_o uncertainty_n in_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n without_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o discourse_v with_o any_o clearness_n or_o order_n concern_v knowledge_n which_o be_v conversant_a about_o proposition_n and_o those_o most_o common_o universal_a one_o have_v great_a connexion_n with_o word_n than_o perhaps_o be_v suspect_v these_o consideration_n therefore_o shall_v be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n §_o 1._o man_n though_o he_o have_v great_a variety_n of_o thought_n and_o such_o from_o which_o other_o as_o well_o as_o himself_o may_v receive_v profit_n and_o delight_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o within_o his_o own_o breast_n invisible_a and_o hide_a from_o other_o nor_o can_v of_o themselves_o be_v make_v appear_v the_o comfort_n therefore_o and_o advantage_n of_o society_n not_o be_v to_o be_v have_v without_o communication_n of_o thought_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o man_n shall_v find_v out_o some_o external_a sensible_a sign_n whereby_o those_o invisible_a idea_n which_o possess_v his_o mind_n in_o so_o great_a variety_n may_v be_v make_v know_v to_o other_o for_o which_o purpose_n nothing_o be_v so_o fit_a either_o for_o plenty_n or_o quickness_n as_o those_o articulate_a sound_n which_o with_o so_o much_o ease_n and_o variety_n he_o find_v himself_o able_a to_o make_v thus_o we_o may_v conceive_v how_o word_n which_o be_v by_o nature_n so_o well_o
from_o the_o formation_n of_o it_o essentia_fw-la in_o its_o primary_n notation_n signify_v proper_o be_v and_o in_o this_o sense_n it_o be_v still_o use_v when_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o essence_n of_o particular_a thing_n without_o give_v they_o any_o name_n second_o the_o learning_n and_o dispute_n of_o the_o school_n have_v be_v much_o busy_v about_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n the_o word_n essence_n have_v almost_o lose_v its_o primary_n signification_n and_o instead_o of_o the_o real_a constitution_n of_o thing_n have_v be_v almost_o whole_o apply_v to_o the_o artificial_a constitution_n of_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v ordinary_o suppose_v a_o real_a constitution_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v past_a doubt_n there_o must_v be_v some_o real_a constitution_n on_o which_o any_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n co-existing_a must_v depend_v but_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o thing_n be_v rank_v under_o name_n into_o sort_n of_o species_n only_o as_o they_o agree_v to_o certain_a abstract_n idea_n to_o which_o we_o have_v annex_v those_o name_n the_o essence_n of_o each_o genus_fw-la or_o sort_v come_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o that_o abstract_n idea_n which_o the_o general_n or_o sortal_a if_o i_o may_v have_v leave_n so_o to_o call_v it_o from_o sort_n as_o i_o do_v general_n from_o genus_fw-la name_n stand_v for_o and_o this_o we_o shall_v find_v to_o be_v that_o which_o the_o word_n essence_n import_v in_o its_o most_o familiar_a use_n these_o two_o sort_n of_o essence_n i_o suppose_v may_v not_o unfit_o be_v term_v the_o one_o the_o real_a the_o other_o the_o nominal_a essence_n §_o 16._o between_o the_o nominal_a essence_n and_o the_o name_n there_o be_v so_o near_o a_o connexion_n that_o the_o name_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o thing_n can_v be_v attribute_v to_o any_o particular_a be_v but_o what_o have_v this_o essence_n whereby_o it_o answer_v that_o abstract_n idea_n whereof_o that_o name_n be_v the_o sign_n §_o 17._o concern_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o corporeal_a substance_n to_o mention_v those_o only_a there_o be_v if_o i_o mistake_v not_o two_o opinion_n the_o one_o be_v of_o those_o who_o use_v the_o word_n essence_n for_o they_o know_v not_o what_o suppose_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o those_o essence_n according_a to_o which_o all_o natural_a thing_n be_v make_v and_o wherein_o they_o do_v exact_o every_o one_o of_o they_o partake_v and_o â—o_o become_v of_o this_o or_o that_o species_n the_o other_o and_o more_o rational_a opinion_n be_v of_o those_o who_o look_v on_o all_o natural_a thing_n â—o_o have_v a_o real_a but_o unknown_a constitution_n of_o their_o insensible_a part_n from_o which_o now_o those_o sensible_a quality_n which_o serve_v we_o to_o distinguish_v they_o one_o from_o another_o according_a as_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o rank_v they_o into_o sort_n under_o common_a denomination_n the_o former_a of_o these_o opinion_n which_o suppose_v these_o essence_n as_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o form_n or_o mould_v wherein_o all_o natural_a thing_n that_o exist_v be_v cast_v and_o do_v equal_o partake_v have_v i_o imagine_v very_o much_o perplex_v the_o knowledge_n of_o natural_a thing_n the_o frequent_a production_n of_o monster_n in_o all_o the_o species_n of_o animal_n and_o of_o changeling_n and_o other_o strange_a â—ssues_n of_o (null)_o birth_n carry_v with_o they_o difficulty_n not_o possible_a to_o consist_v with_o this_o hypothesisâ—_n since_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o two_o thing_n partake_v exact_o of_o the_o same_o real_a essence_n shall_v have_v different_a property_n as_o that_o two_o figure_n partake_v in_o the_o same_o real_a essence_n of_o a_o circle_n shall_v have_v different_a property_n but_o be_v there_o no_o other_o â—eason_n against_o it_o yet_o the_o supposition_n of_o essence_n that_o can_v be_v know_v and_o yet_o the_o make_v they_o to_o be_v that_o which_o distinguish_v the_o species_n of_o thing_n be_v so_o whole_o useless_a and_o unserviceable_a to_o any_o part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n that_o that_o alone_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v we_o lay_v it_o by_o and_o content_v ourselves_o with_o such_o essence_n of_o the_o sort_n or_o species_n of_o thing_n as_o come_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o knowledge_n which_o when_o serious_o consider_v will_v be_v find_v as_o i_o have_v say_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o those_o abstract_a complex_fw-la idea_n to_o which_o we_o have_v annex_v distinct_a general_a name_n §_o 18._o essence_n thus_o distinguish_v into_o nominal_a and_o real_a we_o may_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o species_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o modes_n they_o be_v always_o the_o same_o but_o in_o substance_n always_o quâ—te_v different_a thus_o a_o figure_n include_v a_o space_n between_o three_o line_n be_v the_o real_a as_o well_o as_o nominal_a essence_n of_o a_o triangle_n it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o abstract_n idea_n to_o which_o the_o general_a name_n be_v annex_v but_o the_o very_a essentie_n or_o be_v of_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o foundation_n from_o which_o all_o its_o property_n flow_v and_o to_o which_o they_o be_v all_o inseparable_o annex_v but_o it_o be_v far_o otherwise_o concern_v that_o parcel_n of_o matter_n which_o make_v the_o ring_n on_o my_o finger_n wherein_o these_o two_o essence_n be_v apparent_o different_a for_o it_o be_v the_o real_a constitution_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n on_o which_o depend_v all_o those_o property_n of_o colour_n weight_n fusibility_n fixedness_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o it_o which_o constitution_n we_o know_v not_o and_o so_o have_v no_o particular_a idea_n of_o have_v no_o name_n that_o be_v the_o sign_n of_o it_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v its_o colour_n weight_n fusibility_n and_o fixedness_n etc._n etc._n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v gold_n or_o give_v it_o a_o right_a to_o that_o name_n which_o be_v therefore_o its_o nominal_a essence_n since_o nothing_o can_v be_v call_v gold_n but_o what_o have_v a_o conformity_n of_o quality_n to_o that_o abstract_n complex_fw-la idea_n to_o which_o that_o name_n be_v annex_v but_o this_o distinction_n of_o essence_n belong_v particular_o to_o substance_n we_o shall_v when_o we_o come_v to_o consider_v their_o name_n have_v a_o occasion_n to_o treat_v of_o more_o full_o §_o 19_o that_o such_o abstract_n idea_n with_o name_n to_o they_o as_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o be_v essence_n may_v far_o appear_v by_o what_o we_o be_v tell_v concern_v essence_n viz._n that_o they_o be_v all_o ingenerable_a and_o incorruptible_a which_o can_v be_v true_a of_o the_o real_a constitution_n of_o thing_n which_o begin_v and_o perish_v with_o they_o all_o thing_n that_o exist_v in_o nature_n beside_o their_o author_n be_v all_o liable_a to_o change_v especial_o those_o thing_n we_o be_v acquaint_v with_o and_o have_v rank_v into_o band_n under_o distinct_a name_n or_o ensign_n thus_o that_o which_o be_v grass_n to_o day_n be_v to_o morrow_n the_o flesh_n of_o a_o sheep_n and_o within_o few_o day_n after_o become_v part_n of_o a_o man_n in_o all_o which_o and_o the_o like_a change_n it_o be_v evident_a their_o real_a essence_n that_o constitution_n whereon_o the_o property_n of_o these_o several_a thing_n depend_v be_v destroy_v and_o perish_v with_o they_o but_o essence_n be_v take_v for_o idea_n establish_v in_o the_o mind_n with_o name_n annex_v to_o they_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o remain_v steady_o the_o same_o whatever_o mutation_n the_o particular_a substance_n be_v liable_a to_o for_o whatever_o become_v of_o alexander_n and_o bucephalus_n the_o idea_n to_o which_o man_n and_o horse_n be_v annex_v be_v suppose_v nevertheless_o to_o remain_v the_o same_o and_o so_o the_o essence_n of_o those_o species_n be_v preserve_v undestroy_v whatever_o change_v happen_v to_o any_o or_o all_o of_o the_o individual_n of_o those_o species_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o species_n rest_v safe_a and_o entire_a without_o the_o existence_n of_o so_o much_o as_o one_o individual_a of_o that_o kind_n for_o be_v there_o now_o no_o circle_n exist_v any_o where_o in_o the_o world_n as_o perhaps_o that_o figure_n exist_v not_o any_o where_o exact_o mark_v out_o yet_o the_o idea_n annex_v to_o that_o name_n will_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v and_o to_o be_v as_o a_o pattern_n to_o determine_v which_o of_o the_o particular_a figure_n we_o meet_v with_o have_v or_o have_v not_o a_o right_n to_o the_o name_n circle_n and_o so_o by_o have_v that_o essence_n be_v of_o that_o species_n and_o though_o there_o neither_o be_v nor_o have_v be_v in_o nature_n such_o a_o beast_n as_o a_o unicorn_n nor_o such_o a_o fish_n as_o a_o mermaid_n yet_o suppose_v those_o name_n to_o stand_v for_o complex_fw-la abstract_a idea_n that_o contain_v no_o inconsistency_n in_o they_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o mermaid_n be_v
space_n than_o solidity_n be_v not_o essential_a to_o body_n if_o other_o make_v the_o idea_n to_o which_o they_o give_v the_o name_n body_n to_o be_v solidity_n and_o extension_n than_o solidity_n be_v essential_a also_o to_o body_n that_o therefore_o and_o that_o alone_o be_v consider_v as_o essential_a which_o make_v a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n the_o name_n of_o a_o sort_n stand_v for_o without_o which_o no_o particular_a thing_n can_v be_v reckon_v of_o that_o sort_n nor_o be_v entitle_v to_o that_o name_n shall_v there_o be_v find_v a_o parcel_n of_o matter_n that_o have_v all_o the_o other_o quality_n that_o be_v in_o iron_n but_o want_v obedience_n to_o the_o loadstone_n and_o will_v neither_o be_v draw_v by_o it_o nor_o receive_v direction_n from_o it_o will_v any_o one_o question_n whether_o it_o want_v any_o thing_n essential_a it_o will_v be_v absurd_a to_o ask_v whether_o a_o thing_n real_o exist_v want_v any_o thing_n essential_a to_o it_o or_o can_v it_o be_v demand_v whether_o this_o make_v a_o essential_a or_o specific_a difference_n or_o no_o since_o we_o have_v no_o other_o measure_n of_o essential_a or_o specific_a but_o our_o abstract_n idea_n and_o to_o talk_v of_o specific_a difference_n in_o nature_n without_o reference_n to_o general_a idea_n and_o name_n be_v to_o talk_v unintelligible_o for_o i_o will_v ask_v any_o one_o what_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o essential_a difference_n in_o nature_n between_o any_o two_o particular_a being_n without_o any_o regard_n have_v to_o some_o abstract_n idea_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o essence_n and_o standard_n of_o a_o species_n all_o such_o pattern_n and_o standard_n be_v quite_o lay_v aside_o particular_a being_n consider_v bare_o in_o themselves_o will_v be_v find_v to_o have_v all_o their_o quality_n equal_o essential_a and_o every_o thing_n in_o each_o individual_a will_v be_v essential_a to_o it_o or_o which_o be_v more_o true_a nothing_o at_o all_o for_o though_o it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v ask_v whether_o obey_v the_o magnet_n be_v essential_a to_o iron_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o be_v very_o improper_a and_o insignificant_a to_o ask_v whether_o it_o be_v essential_a to_o that_o particular_a parcel_n of_o matter_n i_o cut_v my_o pen_n with_o without_o consider_v it_o under_o the_o name_n iron_n or_o as_o be_v of_o a_o certain_a species_n and_o if_o as_o have_v be_v say_v our_o abstract_a idea_n which_o have_v name_n annex_v to_o they_o be_v the_o boundary_n of_o species_n nothing_o can_v be_v essential_a but_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o those_o idea_n §_o 6._o it_o be_v true_a i_o have_v often_o mention_v a_o real_a essence_n distinct_a in_o substance_n from_o those_o abstract_n idea_n of_o they_o which_o i_o call_v their_o nominal_a essence_n by_o this_o real_a essence_n i_o mean_v that_o real_a constitution_n of_o any_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o those_o property_n that_o be_v combine_v in_o and_o be_v constant_o find_v to_o co-exist_a with_o the_o nominal_a essence_n that_o particular_a constitution_n which_o every_o thing_n have_v within_o itself_o without_o any_o relation_n to_o any_o thing_n without_o it_o but_o essence_n even_o in_o this_o sense_n relate_v to_o a_o sort_n and_o suppose_v a_o species_n for_o be_v that_o real_a constitution_n on_o which_o the_o property_n depend_v it_o necessary_o suppose_v a_o sort_n of_o thing_n property_n belong_v only_o to_o species_n and_o not_o to_o individual_n v_o g._n suppose_v the_o nominal_a essence_n of_o gold_n to_o be_v a_o body_n of_o such_o a_o peculiar_a colour_n and_o weight_n with_o malleability_n and_o fusibility_n the_o real_a essence_n be_v that_o constitution_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n on_o which_o these_o quality_n and_o their_o union_n depend_v and_o be_v also_o the_o foundation_n of_o its_o solubility_n in_o aq._n regia_n and_o other_o property_n accompany_v that_o complex_fw-la idea_n here_o be_v essence_n and_o property_n but_o all_o upon_o supposition_n of_o a_o sort_n or_o general_a abstract_n idea_n which_o be_v consider_v as_o immutable_a but_o there_o be_v no_o individual_a parcel_n of_o matter_n to_o which_o any_o of_o these_o quality_n be_v so_o annex_v as_o to_o be_v essential_a to_o it_o or_o inseparable_a from_o it_o that_o which_o be_v essential_a belong_v to_o it_o as_o a_o condition_n whereby_o it_o be_v of_o this_o or_o that_o sort_n but_o take_v away_o the_o consideration_n of_o its_o be_v rank_v under_o the_o name_n of_o some_o abstract_n idea_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o necessary_a to_o it_o nothing_o inseparable_a from_o it_o indeed_o as_o to_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o substance_n we_o only_o suppose_v their_o be_v without_o precise_o know_v what_o they_o be_v but_o that_o which_o annex_v they_o still_o to_o the_o species_n be_v the_o nominal_a essence_n of_o which_o they_o be_v the_o suppose_a foundation_n and_o cause_n §_o 7._o the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v by_o which_o of_o those_o essence_n it_o be_v that_o substance_n be_v determine_v into_o sort_n or_o species_n and_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a be_v by_o the_o nominal_a essence_n for_o it_o be_v that_o alone_a that_o the_o name_n which_o be_v the_o mark_n of_o the_o sort_n signify_v it_o be_v impossible_a therefore_o that_o any_o thing_n shall_v determine_v the_o sort_n of_o thing_n which_o we_o rank_n under_o general_a name_n but_o that_o idea_n which_o that_o name_n be_v design_v as_o a_o mark_n for_o which_o be_v that_o as_o have_v be_v show_v which_o we_o call_v the_o nominal_a essence_n why_o do_v we_o say_v this_o be_v a_o horse_n and_o that_o a_o mule_n this_o be_v a_o animal_n that_o a_o herb_n how_o come_v any_o particular_a thing_n to_o be_v of_o this_o or_o that_o sort_n but_o because_o it_o have_v that_o nominal_a essence_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o agree_v to_o that_o abstract_n idea_n that_o name_n be_v annex_v to_o and_o i_o desire_v any_o one_o but_o to_o reflect_v on_o his_o own_o thought_n when_o he_o hear_v or_o speak_v any_o of_o those_o or_o other_o name_n of_o substance_n to_o know_v what_o sort_n of_o essence_n they_o stand_v for_o §_o 8._o and_o that_o the_o species_n of_o thing_n to_o we_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o rank_v they_o under_o distinct_a name_n according_a to_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n in_o we_o and_o not_o according_a to_o precise_a distinct_a real_a essence_n in_o they_o be_v plain_a from_o hence_o that_o we_o find_v many_o of_o the_o individual_n that_o be_v rank_v into_o one_o sort_n call_v by_o one_o common_a name_n and_o so_o receive_v as_o be_v of_o one_o species_n have_v yet_o quality_n depend_v on_o their_o real_a constitution_n as_o far_o different_a one_o from_o another_o as_o from_o other_o from_o which_o they_o be_v account_v to_o differ_v specifical_o this_o as_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v observe_v by_o all_o who_o have_v to_o do_v with_o natural_a body_n so_o chemist_n especial_o be_v often_o by_o sad_a experience_n convince_v of_o it_o when_o they_o sometime_o in_o vain_a seek_v for_o the_o same_o quality_n in_o one_o parcel_n of_o sulphur_n antimony_n or_o vitriol_n which_o they_o have_v find_v in_o other_o for_o though_o they_o be_v body_n of_o the_o same_o species_n have_v the_o same_o nominal_a essence_n under_o the_o same_o name_n yet_o do_v they_o often_o upon_o severe_a way_n of_o examination_n betray_v quality_n so_o different_a one_o from_o another_o as_o to_o frustrate_v the_o expectation_n and_o labour_n of_o very_o wary_a chemist_n but_o if_o thing_n be_v distinguish_v into_o species_n according_a to_o their_o real_a essence_n it_o will_v be_v as_o impossible_a to_o find_v different_a property_n in_o any_o two_o individual_a substance_n of_o the_o same_o species_n as_o it_o be_v to_o find_v different_a property_n in_o two_o circle_n or_o two_o equilateral_a triangle_n that_o be_v proper_o the_o essence_n to_o we_o which_o determine_v every_o particular_a to_o this_o or_o that_o classis_fw-la or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o this_o or_o that_o general_a name_n and_o what_o can_v that_o be_v else_o but_o that_o abstract_a idea_n to_o which_o that_o name_n be_v annex_v and_o so_o have_v in_o truth_n a_o reference_n not_o so_o much_o to_o the_o be_v of_o particular_a thing_n as_o to_o their_o general_a denomination_n §_o 9_o nor_o indeed_o can_v we_o rank_a and_o sort_n thing_n and_o consequent_o which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o sort_v denominate_v they_o by_o their_o real_a essence_n because_o we_o know_v they_o not_o our_o faculty_n carry_v we_o no_o far_o towards_o the_o knowledge_n and_o distinction_n of_o substance_n than_o a_o collection_n of_o those_o sensible_a idea_n which_o we_o observe_v in_o they_o which_o however_o make_v with_o the_o great_a diligence_n and_o exactness_n we_o be_v capable_a of_o yet_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n
the_o school_n have_v introduce_v animalitas_fw-la humanitas_fw-la corporietas_fw-la and_o some_o other_o yet_o they_o hold_v no_o proportion_n with_o that_o infinite_a number_n of_o name_n of_o substance_n to_o which_o they_o never_o be_v ridiculous_a enough_o to_o attempt_v the_o coin_n of_o abstract_a one_o and_o those_o few_o that_o the_o school_n forge_v and_o put_v into_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o scholar_n can_v never_o yet_o get_v admittance_n into_o common_a use_n or_o obtain_v the_o licence_n of_o public_a approbation_n which_o seem_v to_o i_o at_o least_o to_o intimate_v the_o confession_n of_o all_o mankind_n that_o they_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o substance_n since_o they_o have_v not_o name_n for_o such_o idea_n which_o no_o doubt_n they_o will_v have_v have_v have_v not_o their_o consciousness_n to_o themselves_o of_o their_o ignorance_n of_o they_o keep_v they_o from_o so_o idle_a a_o attempt_n and_o therefore_o though_o they_o have_v idea_n enough_o to_o distinguish_v gold_n from_o a_o stone_n and_o metal_n from_o wood_n yet_o they_o but_o timerous_o venture_v on_o such_o term_n as_o aurietas_n and_o saxietas_fw-la metallietas_fw-la and_o lignietas_fw-la or_o the_o like_a name_n which_o shall_v pretend_v to_o signify_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o those_o substance_n whereof_o they_o know_v they_o have_v no_o idea_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v only_o the_o doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n and_o the_o confidence_n of_o shameless_a pretender_n to_o a_o knowledge_n that_o they_o have_v not_o which_o first_o coin_v and_o then_o introduce_v animalitas_fw-la and_o humanitas_fw-la and_o the_o like_a which_o yet_o go_v very_o little_o far_o than_o their_o own_o school_n and_o can_v never_o get_v to_o be_v current_n among_o understanding_n men._n indeed_o humanitas_fw-la be_v a_o word_n familiar_a among_o the_o roman_n but_o in_o a_o far_o different_a sense_n and_o stand_v not_o for_o the_o abstract_n essence_n of_o any_o substance_n but_o be_v the_o abstract_n name_n of_o a_o mode_n and_o its_o concrete_a humanus_fw-la not_o homo_fw-la chap._n ix_o of_o the_o imperfection_n of_o word_n §_o 1._o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o perceive_v what_o imperfection_n there_o be_v in_o language_n and_o how_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o word_n make_v it_o almost_o unavoidable_a for_o many_o of_o they_o to_o be_v doubtful_a and_o uncertain_a in_o their_o signification_n to_o examine_v the_o perfection_n or_o imperfection_n of_o word_n it_o be_v necessary_a first_o to_o consider_v their_o use_n and_o end_n for_o as_o they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o fit_v to_o attain_v that_o so_o be_v they_o more_o or_o less_o perfect_a we_o have_v in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o discourse_n often_o upon_o occasion_n mention_v a_o double_a use_n of_o word_n first_o one_o for_o the_o record_v of_o our_o own_o thought_n second_o the_o other_o for_o the_o communicate_v of_o our_o thought_n to_o other_o §_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o for_o the_o record_v our_o own_o thought_n for_o the_o help_n of_o our_o own_o memory_n whereby_o as_o it_o be_v we_o talk_v to_o ourselves_o any_o word_n will_v serve_v the_o turn_n for_o since_o sound_n be_v voluntary_a and_o indifferent_a sign_n of_o any_o idea_n a_o man_n may_v use_v what_o word_n he_o please_v to_o signify_v his_o own_o idea_n to_o himself_o and_o there_o will_v be_v no_o imperfection_n in_o they_o if_o he_o constant_o use_v the_o same_o sign_n for_o the_o same_o idea_n for_o than_o he_o can_v fail_v of_o have_v his_o meaning_n understand_v wherein_o consist_v the_o right_a use_n and_o perfection_n of_o language_n §_o 3._o second_o as_o to_o communication_n by_o word_n that_o too_o have_v a_o double_a use_n i._o civil_a ii_o philosophical_a first_o by_o their_o civil_a use_n i_o mean_v such_o a_o communication_n of_o thought_n and_o idea_n by_o word_n as_o may_v serve_v for_o the_o uphold_v common_a conversation_n and_o commerce_n about_o the_o ordinary_a affair_n and_o conveniency_n of_o civil_a life_n in_o the_o society_n of_o man_n one_o among_o another_o second_o by_o the_o philosophical_a use_n of_o word_n i_o mean_v such_o a_o use_n of_o they_o as_o may_v serve_v to_o convey_v the_o precise_a notion_n of_o thing_n and_o to_o express_v in_o general_a proposition_n certain_a and_o undoubted_a truth_n which_o the_o mind_n may_v rest_v upon_o and_o be_v satisfy_v with_o in_o its_o search_n after_o true_a knowledge_n these_o two_o uses_n be_v very_o distinct_a and_o a_o great_a deal_n less_o exactness_n will_v serve_v in_o the_o one_o than_o in_o the_o other_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o what_o follow_v §_o 4._o the_o chief_a end_n of_o language_n in_o communication_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v word_n serve_v not_o well_o for_o that_o end_n neither_o in_o civil_a nor_o philosophical_a discourse_n when_o any_o word_n do_v not_o excite_v in_o the_o hearer_n the_o same_o idea_n which_o it_o stand_v for_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o speaker_n now_o since_o sound_n have_v no_o natural_a connexion_n with_o our_o idea_n but_o have_v all_o their_o signification_n from_o the_o arbitrary_a imposition_n of_o man_n the_o doubtfulness_n and_o uncertainty_n of_o their_o signification_n which_o be_v the_o imperfection_n we_o here_o be_v speak_v of_o have_v its_o cause_n more_o in_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o than_o in_o any_o incapacity_n there_o be_v in_o one_o sound_v more_o than_o in_o another_o to_o signify_v any_o idea_n for_o in_o that_o regard_n they_o be_v all_o equal_o perfect_a that_o than_o which_o make_v doubtfulness_n and_o uncertainty_n in_o the_o signification_n of_o some_o word_n more_o than_o other_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o §_o 5._o word_n have_v natural_o no_o signification_n the_o idea_n which_o each_o stand_v for_o must_v be_v learned_a and_o retain_v by_o those_o who_o will_v exchange_v thought_n and_o hold_v intelligible_a discourse_n with_o other_o in_o any_o language_n but_o this_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v do_v where_o first_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v very_o complex_fw-la and_o make_v up_o of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o idea_n put_v together_o second_o where_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o have_v no_o certain_a connexion_n in_o nature_n and_o so_o no_o settle_a standard_n any_o where_o in_o nature_n exist_v to_o rectify_v and_o adjust_a they_o by_o three_o where_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n be_v refer_v to_o a_o standard_n which_o standard_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o be_v know_v four_o where_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n and_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o exact_o the_o same_o these_o be_v difficulty_n that_o attend_v the_o signification_n of_o several_a word_n that_o be_v intelligible_a those_o which_o be_v not_o intelligible_a at_o all_o such_o as_o name_n stand_v for_o any_o simple_a idea_n which_o another_o have_v not_o organ_n or_o faculty_n to_o attain_v as_o the_o name_n of_o colour_n to_o a_o blind_a man_n or_o sound_v to_o a_o deaf_a man_n need_v not_o here_o be_v mention_v in_o all_o these_o case_n we_o shall_v find_v a_o imperfection_n in_o word_n which_o i_o shall_v more_o at_o large_a explain_v in_o their_o particular_a application_n to_o our_o several_a sort_n of_o idea_n for_o if_o we_o examine_v they_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n be_v most_o liable_a to_o doubtfulness_n and_o imperfection_n for_o the_o two_o first_o of_o these_o reason_n and_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n chief_o for_o the_o two_o latter_a §_o 6._o first_o the_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n be_v many_o of_o they_o liable_a to_o great_a uncertainty_n and_o obscurity_n in_o their_o signification_n i._o because_o of_o that_o great_a composition_n these_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v often_o make_v up_o of_o to_o make_v word_n serviceable_a to_o the_o end_n of_o communication_n be_v necessary_a as_o have_v be_v say_v that_o they_o excite_v in_o the_o hearer_n exact_o the_o same_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o speaker_n without_o this_o man_n fill_v one_o another_o head_n with_o noise_n and_o sound_n but_o convey_v not_o thereby_o their_o thought_n and_o lay_v not_o before_o one_o another_o their_o idea_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o discourse_n and_o language_n but_o when_o a_o word_n stand_v for_o a_o very_a complex_fw-la idea_n that_o be_v compound_v and_o decompound_v it_o be_v not_o easy_a for_o man_n to_o form_n and_o retain_v that_o idea_n so_o exact_o as_o to_o make_v the_o name_n in_o common_a use_n stand_v for_o the_o same_o precise_a idea_n without_o any_o the_o least_o variation_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o man_n name_n of_o very_a compound_n ideas_n such_o as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v moral_a word_n have_v seldom_o in_o two_o different_a man_n
precise_a essence_n according_a to_o which_o nature_n make_v all_o particular_a thing_n and_o by_o which_o they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o species_n that_o every_o thing_n have_v a_o real_a constitution_n whereby_o it_o be_v what_o it_o be_v and_o on_o which_o its_o sensible_a quality_n depend_v be_v past_a doubt_n but_o i_o think_v it_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o this_o make_v not_o the_o distinction_n of_o species_n as_o we_o rank_v they_o nor_o the_o boundary_n of_o their_o name_n second_o this_o tacit_o also_o insinuate_v as_o if_o we_o have_v idea_n of_o these_o propose_a essence_n for_o to_o what_o purpose_n else_o be_v it_o to_o inquire_v whether_o this_o or_o that_o thing_n have_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o the_o species_n man_n if_o we_o do_v not_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o specific_a essence_n know_v which_o yet_o be_v utter_o false_a and_o therefore_o such_o application_n of_o name_n as_o will_v make_v they_o stand_v for_o idea_n we_o have_v not_o must_v needs_o cause_v great_a disorder_n in_o discourse_n and_o reason_n about_o they_o and_o be_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n in_o our_o communication_n by_o word_n §_o 22._o six_o there_o remain_v yet_o another_o more_o general_a though_o perhaps_o less_o observe_v abuse_n of_o word_n and_o that_o be_v that_o man_n have_v by_o a_o long_a and_o familiar_a use_n annex_v to_o they_o certain_a idea_n they_o be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v so_o near_o and_o necessary_a a_o connexion_n between_o the_o name_n and_o the_o signification_n they_o use_v in_o they_o that_o they_o forward_o suppose_v one_o can_v but_o understand_v what_o their_o meaning_n be_v and_o therefore_o one_o ought_v to_o acquiesce_v in_o the_o word_n deliver_v as_o if_o it_o be_v past_a doubt_n that_o in_o the_o use_n of_o those_o common_a receive_a sound_n the_o speaker_n and_o hearer_n have_v necessary_o the_o same_o precise_a idea_n whence_o presume_v that_o when_o they_o have_v in_o discourse_n use_v any_o term_n they_o have_v thereby_o as_o it_o be_v set_v before_o other_o the_o very_a thing_n they_o talk_v of_o and_o so_o likewise_o take_v the_o word_n of_o other_o as_o natural_o stand_v for_o just_a what_o they_o themselves_o have_v be_v accustom_v to_o apply_v they_o to_o they_o never_o trouble_v themselves_o to_o explain_v their_o own_o or_o understand_v clear_o other_o meaning_n from_o whence_o common_o proceed_v noise_n and_o wrangle_a without_o improvement_n or_o information_n whilst_o man_n take_v word_n to_o be_v the_o constant_a regular_a mark_n of_o agree_v notion_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v no_o more_o but_o the_o voluntary_a and_o unsteady_a sign_n of_o their_o own_o idea_n and_o yet_o man_n think_v it_o strange_a if_o in_o discourse_n or_o where_o it_o be_v often_o absolute_o necessary_a in_o dispute_n one_o sometime_o ask_v the_o meaning_n of_o their_o term_n though_o the_o arguing_n one_o may_v every_o day_n observe_v in_o conversation_n make_v it_o evident_a that_o there_o be_v few_o name_n of_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o any_o two_o man_n use_v for_o the_o same_o just_a precise_a collection_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o name_v a_o word_n which_o will_v not_o be_v a_o clear_a instance_n of_o this_o life_n be_v a_o term_n none_o more_o familiar_a any_o one_o almost_o will_v take_v it_o for_o a_o affront_n to_o be_v ask_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o it_o and_o yet_o if_o it_o come_v in_o question_n whether_o a_o plant_n that_o lie_v ready_a form_v in_o the_o seed_n have_v life_n whether_o the_o embryo_n in_o a_o egg_n before_o incubation_n or_o a_o man_n in_o a_o swoon_n without_o sense_n or_o motion_n be_v alive_a or_o no_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o perceive_v that_o a_o câ—ear_v distinct_a settle_a idea_n do_v not_o always_o accompany_v the_o use_n of_o so_o know_v a_o word_n as_o that_o of_o life_n be_v some_o gross_a and_o confuse_a conception_n man_n indeed_o ordinary_o have_v to_o which_o they_o apply_v the_o common_a word_n of_o their_o language_n and_o that_o serve_v they_o well_o enough_o in_o their_o ordinary_a discourse_n and_o affair_n but_o this_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o philosophical_a inquiry_n knowledge_n and_o reason_v require_v precise_a determinate_a idea_n and_o though_o man_n will_v not_o not_o be_v so_o importunate_o dull_a as_o not_o to_o understand_v what_o other_o say_v without_o demand_v a_o explication_n of_o their_o term_n nor_o so_o troublesome_o critical_a as_o to_o correct_v other_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n they_o receive_v from_o they_o yet_o where_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n be_v concern_v in_o the_o case_n i_o know_v not_o what_o fault_n it_o can_v be_v to_o desire_v the_o explication_n of_o word_n who_o sense_n seem_v dubious_a or_o why_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v ashamed_a to_o own_o his_o ignorance_n in_o what_o sense_n another_o man_n use_v his_o word_n since_o he_o have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o certain_o know_v it_o but_o by_o be_v inform_v this_o abuse_n of_o take_v word_n upon_o trust_n have_v no_o where_o spread_v so_o far_o nor_o with_o so_o ill_a effect_n as_o among_o man_n of_o letter_n the_o multiplication_n and_o obstinacy_n of_o dispute_n which_o have_v so_o lay_v waste_v the_o intellectual_a world_n be_v owe_v to_o nothing_o more_o than_o to_o this_o ill_a use_n of_o word_n for_o though_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v great_a diversity_n of_o opinion_n in_o the_o volume_n and_o variety_n of_o controversy_n the_o world_n be_v distract_v with_o yet_o the_o most_o i_o can_v find_v that_o the_o contend_v learned_a man_n of_o different_a party_n do_v in_o their_o arguing_n one_o with_o another_o be_v that_o they_o speak_v different_a language_n for_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o imagine_v that_o when_o any_o of_o they_o quit_v term_n think_v upon_o thing_n and_o know_v what_o they_o think_v they_o think_v all_o the_o same_o though_o perhaps_o what_o they_o will_v have_v be_v different_a §_o 23._o to_o conclude_v this_o consideration_n of_o the_o imperfection_n and_o abuse_v oâ—_n language_n the_o end_n of_o language_n in_o our_o discourse_n with_o other_o be_v chief_o these_o three_o first_o to_o make_v know_v one_o man_n thought_n or_o idea_n to_o another_o second_o to_o do_v it_o with_o as_o much_o ease_n and_o quickness_n as_o be_v possible_a and_o three_o thereby_o to_o convey_v the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n language_n be_v either_o abuse_v or_o deficient_a when_o it_o fail_v in_o any_o of_o these_o three_o first_o word_n fail_v in_o the_o first_o of_o these_o end_n and_o lay_v not_o open_a one_o man_n idea_n to_o another_o view_n first_o when_o man_n have_v name_n in_o their_o mouth_n without_o any_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n in_o their_o mind_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o signsâ—_n or_o second_o when_o they_o apply_v the_o common_a receive_v name_n of_o any_o language_n to_o idea_n to_o which_o the_o common_a use_n of_o that_o language_n do_v not_o apply_v they_o or_o three_o when_o they_o apply_v they_o very_o unsteady_o make_v they_o stand_v now_o for_o one_o and_o by_o and_o by_o for_o another_o idea_n §_o 24._o second_o man_n fail_v of_o convey_v their_o thought_n with_o all_o the_o quickness_n and_o ease_n that_o may_v be_v when_o they_o have_v complex_fw-la ideas_n without_o have_v distinct_a name_n for_o they_o this_o be_v sometime_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o language_n itself_o which_o have_v not_o in_o it_o a_o sound_v yet_o apply_v to_o such_o a_o signification_n and_o sometime_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o man_n who_o have_v not_o yet_o learned_a the_o name_n for_o the_o idea_n he_o will_v show_v another_o §_o 25._o three_o there_o be_v no_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n convey_v by_o man_n word_n when_o their_o idea_n agree_v not_o to_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n though_o it_o be_v a_o defect_n that_o have_v its_o original_a in_o our_o idea_n which_o be_v not_o so_o conformable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n as_o attention_n study_n and_o application_n may_v make_v they_o yet_o it_o fail_v not_o to_o extend_v itself_o to_o our_o word_n too_o when_o we_o use_v they_o as_o sign_n of_o real_a being_n which_o yet_o never_o have_v any_o reality_n or_o existence_n §_o 26._o first_o he_o that_o have_v word_n of_o any_o language_n without_o distinct_a idea_n in_o his_o mind_n to_o which_o he_o apply_v they_o do_v so_o far_o as_o he_o use_v they_o in_o discourse_n only_o make_v a_o noise_n without_o any_o sense_n or_o signification_n and_o how_o learned_a soever_o he_o may_v seem_v by_o the_o use_n of_o hard_a word_n or_o learned_a term_n be_v not_o much_o more_o advance_v thereby_o in_o knowledge_n than_o he_o will_v be_v in_o learning_n who_o have_v nothing_o in_o his_o study_n but_o the_o bare_a title_n of_o book_n without_o possess_v the_o content_n of_o they_o for_o all_o such_o word_n however_o put_v into_o discourse_n according_a to_o the_o
be_v plain_a how_o much_o man_n love_v to_o deceive_v and_o be_v deceive_v since_o the_o great_a art_n of_o deceit_n and_o error_n rhetoric_n i_o mean_v have_v its_o establish_a professor_n be_v public_o teach_v and_o have_v always_o be_v have_v in_o great_a reputation_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v think_v great_a boldness_n if_o not_o brutality_n in_o i_o to_o have_v say_v thus_o much_o against_o it_o eloquence_n like_o the_o fair_a sex_n have_v too_o prevail_a beauty_n in_o it_o to_o suffer_v itself_o ever_o to_o be_v speak_v against_o and_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o find_v fault_n with_o those_o art_n of_o deceive_v wherein_o man_n find_v pleasure_n to_o be_v deceive_v chap._n xi_o of_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o forego_n imperfection_n and_o abuse_n §_o 1._o the_o natural_a and_o improve_v imperfection_n of_o language_n we_o have_v see_v above_o at_o large_a and_o speech_n be_v the_o great_a bond_n that_o hold_v society_n together_o and_o the_o common_a conduit_n whereby_o the_o improvement_n of_o knowledge_n be_v convey_v from_o one_o man_n and_o one_o generation_n to_o another_o it_o will_v well_o deserve_v our_o most_o serious_a thought_n to_o consider_v what_o remedy_n be_v to_o be_v find_v for_o these_o inconvenience_n abovementioned_a §_o 2._o i_o be_o not_o so_o vain_a to_o think_v that_o any_o one_o can_v pretend_v to_o attempt_v the_o perfect_a reform_v the_o language_n of_o the_o world_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o that_o of_o his_o own_o country_n without_o render_v himself_o ridiculous_a to_o require_v that_o man_n shall_v use_v their_o word_n all_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n and_o for_o clear_a distinct_a and_o uniform_a idea_n will_v be_v to_o think_v that_o all_o man_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o notion_n and_o shall_v talk_v of_o nothing_o but_o what_o they_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v by_o any_o one_o who_o have_v not_o vanity_n enough_o to_o imagine_v he_o can_v prevail_v with_o man_n to_o be_v very_o know_v or_o very_o silent_a and_o he_o must_v be_v little_a skill_a in_o the_o world_n who_o think_v that_o a_o voluble_a tongue_n shall_v accompany_v only_o a_o good_a understanding_n or_o that_o man_n talk_v much_o or_o little_a shall_v hold_v proportion_n only_o to_o their_o knowledge_n §_o 3._o but_o though_o the_o market_n and_o exchange_n must_v be_v lest_o to_o their_o own_o way_n of_o talk_v and_o gossip_n not_o rob_v of_o their_o ancient_a privilege_n though_o the_o school_n and_o man_n of_o argument_n will_v perhaps_o take_v it_o amiss_o to_o have_v any_o thing_n offer_v to_o abate_v the_o length_n or_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o their_o dispute_n yet_o methinks_v those_o who_o pretend_v serious_o to_o search_v after_o or_o maintain_v truth_n shall_v think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o study_v how_o they_o may_v deliver_v themselves_o without_o obscurity_n doubtfulness_n or_o equivocation_n to_o which_o man_n word_n be_v natural_o liable_a if_o care_n be_v not_o take_v §_o 4._o for_o he_o that_o shall_v well_o consider_v the_o error_n and_o obscurity_n the_o mistake_v and_o confusion_n that_o be_v spread_v in_o the_o world_n by_o a_o ill_a use_n of_o word_n will_v find_v some_o reason_n to_o doubt_n whether_o language_n as_o it_o have_v be_v employ_v have_v contribute_v more_o to_o the_o improvement_n or_o hindrance_n of_o knowledge_n among_o mankind_n how_o many_o be_v there_o that_o when_o they_o will_v think_v on_o thing_n fix_v their_o thought_n only_o on_o word_n especial_o when_o they_o will_v apply_v their_o mind_n to_o moral_a matter_n and_o who_o then_o can_v wonder_v if_o the_o result_n of_o such_o contemplation_n and_o reason_n about_o little_a more_o than_o sound_v whilst_o the_o idea_n they_o annex_v to_o they_o be_v very_o confuse_v or_o very_o unsteady_a or_o perhaps_o none_o at_o all_o who_o can_v wonder_v i_o say_v that_o such_o thought_n and_o reason_n end_n in_o nothing_o but_o obscurity_n and_o mistake_v without_o any_o clear_a judgement_n or_o knowledge_n §_o 5._o this_o inconvenience_n in_o a_o ill_a use_n of_o word_n man_n suffer_v in_o their_o own_o private_a meditation_n but_o much_o more_o manifest_a be_v the_o disorder_n which_o follow_v from_o it_o in_o conversation_n discourse_n and_o arguing_n with_o other_o for_o language_n be_v the_o great_a conduit_n whereby_o man_n convey_v their_o discovery_n reason_n and_o knowledge_n from_o one_o to_o another_o he_o that_o make_v a_o ill_a use_n of_o it_o though_o he_o do_v not_o corrupt_v the_o fountain_n of_o knowledge_n which_o be_v in_o thing_n themselves_o yet_o he_o do_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v break_v or_o stop_v the_o pipe_n whereby_o it_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o public_a use_n and_o advantage_n of_o mankind_n he_o that_o use_v word_n without_o any_o clear_a and_o steady_a meaning_n what_o do_v he_o but_o lead_v himself_o and_o other_o into_o error_n and_o he_o that_o design_o do_v it_o aught_o to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o enemy_n to_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n and_o yet_o who_o can_v wonder_v that_o all_o the_o science_n and_o part_n of_o knowledge_n have_v be_v so_o overcharge_v with_o obscure_a and_o equivocal_a term_n and_o insignificant_a and_o doubtful_a expression_n capable_a to_o make_v the_o most_o attentive_a or_o quick-sighted_a very_o little_a or_o not_o at_o all_o the_o more_o know_v or_o orthodox_n since_o subtlety_n in_o those_o who_o make_v profession_n to_o teâ—ch_v or_o defend_v truth_n have_v pass_v so_o much_o for_o a_o virtue_n a_o virtue_n indeed_o which_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o nothing_o but_o the_o fallacious_a and_o illusory_a use_n of_o obscure_a or_o deceitful_a term_n be_v only_o fit_a to_o make_v man_n more_o conceit_v in_o their_o ignorance_n and_o obstinate_a in_o their_o error_n §_o 6._o let_v we_o look_v into_o the_o book_n of_o controversy_n of_o any_o kind_n there_o we_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o obscure_a unsteady_a or_o equivocal_a term_n be_v nothing_o but_o noise_n and_o wrangle_n about_o sound_n without_o convince_a or_o better_v a_o man_n understanding_n for_o if_o the_o idea_n be_v not_o agree_v on_o betwixt_o the_o speaker_n and_o hearer_n for_o which_o the_o word_n stand_v the_o argument_n be_v not_o about_o thing_n but_o name_n as_o often_o as_o such_o a_o word_n who_o signification_n be_v not_o ascertain_v betwixt_o they_o come_v in_o use_n their_o understanding_n have_v no_o other_o object_n wherein_o they_o agree_v but_o bare_o the_o sound_n the_o thing_n that_o they_o think_v on_o at_o that_o time_n as_o express_v by_o that_o word_n be_v quite_o different_a §_o 7._o whether_o a_o bat_n be_v a_o bird_n or_o no_o be_v not_o a_o question_n whether_o a_o bat_n be_v another_o thing_n than_o indeed_o it_o be_v or_o have_v other_o quality_n than_o indeed_o it_o have_v for_o that_o will_v be_v extreme_o absurd_a to_o doubt_v of_o but_o the_o question_n be_v 1._o either_o between_o those_o that_o acknowledge_v themselves_o to_o have_v but_o imperfect_a idea_n of_o one_o or_o both_o of_o those_o sort_n of_o thing_n for_o which_o these_o name_n be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v and_o than_o it_o be_v a_o real_a enquiry_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o bird_n or_o a_o bat_n to_o make_v their_o yet_o imperfect_a idea_n of_o it_o more_o complete_a by_o examine_v whether_o all_o the_o simple_a idea_n to_o which_o combine_v together_o they_o both_o give_v the_o name_n bird_n be_v all_o to_o be_v find_v in_o a_o bat_n but_o this_o be_v a_o question_n only_o of_o enquirer_n not_o disputer_n who_o neither_o affirm_v nor_o deny_v but_o examine_v or_o 2._o it_o be_v a_o question_n between_o disputant_n whereof_o the_o one_o affirm_v and_o the_o other_o deny_v that_o a_o bat_n be_v a_o bird_n and_o then_o the_o question_n be_v bare_o about_o the_o signification_n of_o one_o or_o both_o these_o word_n in_o that_o they_o not_o have_v both_o the_o same_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o which_o they_o give_v these_o two_o name_n one_o hold_v and_o other_o deny_v that_o these_o two_o name_n may_v be_v affirm_v one_o of_o another_o be_v they_o agree_v in_o the_o signification_n of_o these_o two_o name_n it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v dispute_v about_o they_o for_o they_o will_v present_o and_o clear_o see_v be_v that_o adjust_v between_o they_o whether_o all_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o the_o more_o general_a name_n bird_n be_v find_v in_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o bat_n or_o no_o and_o so_o there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n whether_o a_o bat_n be_v a_o bird_n or_o no._n and_o here_o i_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v consider_v and_o careful_o examine_v whether_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o dispute_n in_o the_o world_n be_v not_o mere_o verbal_a and_o about_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n and_o that_o if_o
the_o term_n they_o be_v make_v in_o be_v define_v and_o reduce_v in_o their_o signification_n as_o they_o must_v be_v where_o they_o signify_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o simple_a idea_n they_o stand_v for_o those_o dispute_n will_v not_o end_v of_o themselves_o and_o immediate_o vanish_v i_o leave_v it_o then_o to_o be_v consider_v what_o the_o learning_n of_o disputation_n be_v and_o how_o well_o they_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o themselves_o or_o other_o who_o business_n be_v only_o the_o vain_a ostentation_n of_o sound_n i_o e._n those_o who_o spend_v their_o life_n in_o dispute_n and_o controversy_n when_o i_o shall_v see_v any_o of_o those_o combatant_n strip_v all_o his_o term_n of_o ambiguity_n and_o obscurity_n which_o every_o one_o may_v do_v in_o the_o word_n he_o use_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o he_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a notion_n to_o which_o he_o apply_v they_o i_o shall_v think_v he_o a_o champion_n for_o knowledge_n truth_n and_o peace_n and_o not_o the_o slave_n of_o vainglory_n ambition_n or_o a_o party_n §_o 8._o to_o remedy_v the_o defect_n of_o speech_n beforementioned_a to_o some_o degree_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o inconvenience_n that_o follow_v from_o they_o i_o imagine_v the_o observation_n of_o these_o follow_a rule_n may_v be_v of_o use_n till_o some_o body_n better_o able_a shall_v judge_v it_o worth_a his_o while_n to_o think_v more_o mature_o on_o this_o matter_n and_o oblige_v the_o world_n with_o his_o thought_n on_o it_o first_o a_o man_n shall_v take_v care_n to_o use_v no_o word_n without_o a_o signification_n no_o name_n without_o a_o idea_n for_o which_o he_o make_v it_o stand_v this_o rule_n will_v not_o seem_v altogether_o needless_a to_o any_o one_o who_o shall_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o recollect_v how_o often_o he_o have_v meet_v with_o such_o word_n as_o instinct_n sympathy_n and_o antipathy_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o discourse_n of_o other_o so_o make_v use_v of_o as_o he_o may_v easy_o conclude_v that_o those_o that_o use_v they_o have_v no_o idea_n in_o their_o mind_n to_o which_o they_o apply_v they_o but_o speak_v they_o only_o as_o sound_n which_o usual_o serve_v instead_o of_o reason_n on_o the_o like_a occasion_n not_o but_o that_o these_o word_n and_o the_o like_a have_v and_o may_v be_v use_v in_o very_o proper_a significationsâ—_n but_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a connexion_n between_o any_o word_n and_o any_o idea_n these_o and_o any_o other_o may_v be_v learn_v by_o rote_n and_o pronounce_v or_o write_v by_o man_n who_o have_v no_o idea_n in_o their_o mind_n to_o which_o they_o have_v annex_v they_o and_o for_o which_o they_o make_v they_o stand_v which_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v if_o man_n shall_v speak_v intelligible_o even_o to_o themselves_o alone_o §_o 9_o second_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o a_o man_n use_v his_o word_n as_o sign_n of_o some_o idea_n those_o idea_n he_o annex_v they_o to_o must_v be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a which_o in_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v the_o know_v the_o particular_a one_o that_o make_v that_o composition_n of_o which_o if_o any_o one_o be_v again_o complex_fw-la it_o be_v the_o know_a also_o the_o precise_a collection_n that_o be_v unite_v in_o each_o and_o so_o till_o we_o come_v to_o simple_a one_o this_o be_v very_o necessary_a in_o name_n of_o modes_n and_o especial_o moral_a word_n which_o have_v no_o settle_v object_n in_o nature_n from_o whence_o their_o idea_n be_v take_v as_o from_o their_o original_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v very_o confuse_v justice_n be_v a_o word_n in_o every_o man_n mouth_n but_o most_o common_o with_o a_o very_a undetermined_a loose_a signification_n which_o will_v always_o be_v so_o unless_o a_o man_n have_v in_o his_o mind_n a_o distinct_a comprehension_n of_o the_o component_a part_n that_o complex_fw-la idea_n consist_v of_o and_o if_o it_o be_v decompound_v must_v be_v able_a to_o resolve_v it_o still_o on_o till_o he_o at_o last_o come_v to_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v it_o up_o and_o unless_o this_o be_v do_v a_o man_n make_v a_o ill_a use_n of_o the_o word_n let_v it_o be_v justice_n for_o example_n or_o any_o other_o i_o do_v not_o say_v a_o man_n needs_o stand_v to_o recollect_v and_o make_v this_o analysis_n at_o large_a every_o time_n the_o word_n justice_n come_v in_o his_o way_n but_o this_o at_o least_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o have_v so_o examine_v the_o signification_n of_o that_o name_n and_o settle_v the_o idea_n of_o all_o its_o part_n in_o his_o mind_n that_o he_o can_v do_v it_o when_o he_o please_v if_o one_o who_o make_v his_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o justice_n to_o be_v such_o a_o treatment_n of_o the_o person_n or_o good_n of_o another_o as_o be_v according_a to_o law_n have_v not_o a_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n what_o law_n be_v which_o make_v a_o part_n of_o his_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v plain_a his_o idea_n of_o justice_n itself_o will_v be_v confuse_v and_o imperfect_a this_o exactness_n will_v perhaps_o be_v judge_v very_o troublesome_a and_o therefore_o most_o man_n will_v think_v they_o may_v be_v excuse_v from_o settle_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n so_o precise_o in_o their_o mind_n but_o yet_o i_o must_v say_v till_o this_o be_v do_v it_o must_v not_o be_v wonder_v they_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o obscurity_n and_o confusion_n in_o their_o own_o mind_n and_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o wrangle_v in_o their_o discourse_n with_o other_o §_o 10._o in_o substance_n something_o more_o be_v require_v than_o the_o distinct_a idea_n their_o name_n stand_v for_o they_o must_v also_o be_v conformable_a to_o thing_n as_o they_o exist_v but_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a by_o and_o by_o this_o exactness_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a in_o inquiry_n after_o philosophical_a knowledge_n and_o controversy_n about_o truth_n and_o though_o it_o will_v be_v well_o too_o if_o it_o extend_v itself_o to_o common_a conversation_n and_o the_o ordinary_a affair_n of_o life_n yet_o i_o think_v that_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v expect_v vulgar_a notion_n suit_v vulgar_a discourse_n and_o both_o though_o confuse_a enough_o yet_o serve_v pretty_a well_o the_o market_n and_o the_o wake_n merchant_n and_o lover_n cook_n and_o tailor_n have_v word_n wherewithal_o to_o dispatch_v their_o ordinary_a affair_n and_o so_o i_o think_v may_v philosopher_n and_o disputant_n too_o if_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o understand_v and_o to_o be_v clear_o understand_v §_o 11._o three_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o that_o man_n have_v idea_n clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n for_o which_o they_o make_v these_o sign_n stand_v but_o they_o must_v also_o take_v care_n to_o apply_v their_o word_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v to_o such_o idea_n as_o common_a use_n have_v annex_v they_o to_o for_o word_n especial_o of_o language_n already_o frame_v be_v no_o man_n be_v private_a possession_n but_o the_o common_a measure_n of_o commerce_n and_o communication_n it_o be_v not_o for_o any_o one_o at_o pleasure_n to_o change_v the_o stamp_n they_o be_v current_n in_o nor_o alter_v the_o idea_n they_o be_v affix_v to_o or_o at_o least_o when_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n to_o do_v so_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o it_o man_n intention_n in_o speak_v be_v or_o at_o least_o shall_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v which_o can_v be_v without_o the_o frequent_a explanation_n demand_n and_o other_o the_o like_o incommodious_a interruption_n where_o man_n do_v not_o follow_v common_a use._n propriety_n of_o speech_n be_v that_o which_o give_v our_o thought_n entrance_n into_o other_o man_n mind_n with_o the_o great_a ease_n and_o advantage_n and_o therefore_o deserve_v some_o part_n of_o our_o care_n and_o study_n especial_o in_o the_o name_n of_o moral_a word_n who_o proper_a use_n be_v to_o be_v learn_v from_o those_o who_o in_o their_o write_n and_o discourse_n appear_v to_o have_v have_v the_o clear_a notion_n and_o apply_v to_o they_o their_o term_n with_o the_o best_a choice_n and_o clearness_n this_o way_n of_o use_v a_o man_n word_n according_a to_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o language_n though_o it_o have_v not_o always_o the_o good_a fortune_n to_o be_v understand_v yet_o most_o common_o leave_v the_o blame_n of_o it_o on_o he_o who_o be_v so_o unskilful_a in_o the_o language_n he_o speak_v as_o not_o to_o understand_v it_o when_o make_v use_v of_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v §_o 12._o four_o but_o because_o common_a use_n have_v not_o so_o visible_o annex_v any_o signification_n to_o word_n as_o to_o make_v man_n know_v always_o certain_o what_o they_o precise_o stand_v for_o and_o because_o man_n in_o the_o improvement_n of_o their_o knowledge_n come_v to_o have_v idea_n different_a from_o the_o vulgar_a
and_o ordinary_a receive_v one_o for_o which_o they_o must_v either_o make_v new_a word_n which_o man_n seldom_o venture_v to_o do_v for_o fear_n of_o be_v think_v guilty_a of_o affectation_n or_o novelty_n or_o else_o must_v use_v old_a one_o in_o a_o new_a signification_n therefore_o after_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o forego_n rule_n it_o be_v sometime_o necessary_a for_o the_o ascertain_v the_o signification_n of_o word_n to_o declare_v their_o mean_v where_o either_o common_a use_n have_v leave_v it_o uncertain_a and_o loose_a as_o it_o have_v in_o most_o name_n of_o very_a complex_fw-la idea_n or_o where_o a_o man_n use_v they_o in_o a_o sensâ—_n any_o way_n peculiar_a to_o himself_o or_o where_o the_o term_n be_v very_o material_a in_o the_o discourse_n and_o that_o upon_o which_o it_o chief_a turn_n be_v liable_a to_o any_o doubtfulness_n or_o mistake_v §_o 13._o as_o the_o idea_n man_n word_n stand_v for_o be_v of_o different_a sort_n so_o the_o way_n of_o make_v know_v the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o when_o there_o be_v occasion_n be_v also_o different_a for_o though_o define_v be_v think_v the_o proper_a way_n to_o make_v know_v the_o proper_a signification_n of_o word_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o word_n that_o will_v not_o be_v define_v as_o there_o be_v other_o who_o precise_a mean_v can_v be_v make_v know_v but_o by_o definition_n and_o perhaps_o a_o three_o which_o partake_v somewhat_o of_o both_o the_o other_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n modes_n and_o substance_n §_o 14._o first_o when_o a_o man_n make_v use_v of_o the_o name_n of_o any_o simple_a idea_n which_o he_o perceive_v be_v not_o understand_v or_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v mistake_v he_o be_v oblige_v by_o the_o law_n of_o ingenuity_n and_o the_o end_n of_o speech_n to_o declare_v its_o mean_v and_o make_v know_v what_o idea_n he_o make_v it_o stand_v for_o this_o as_o have_v be_v show_v can_v be_v do_v by_o definition_n and_o therefore_o when_o a_o synonymous_a word_n fail_v to_o do_v it_o there_o be_v but_o one_o of_o these_o way_n leâ—t_o first_o sometime_o the_o name_v the_o subject_a wherein_o that_o simple_a idea_n be_v to_o be_v find_v will_v make_v its_o name_n be_v understand_v by_o those_o who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o that_o subject_a and_o know_v it_o by_o that_o name_n so_o to_o make_v a_o countryman_n understand_v what_o fevillemorte_n colour_n signify_v it_o may_v suffice_v to_o tell_v he_o it_o be_v the_o colour_n of_o wither_a leave_n fall_v in_o autumn_n second_o but_o the_o only_a sure_a way_n of_o make_v know_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n of_o any_o simple_a idea_n be_v by_o present_v to_o his_o sense_n that_o subject_a which_o may_v produce_v it_o in_o his_o mind_n and_o make_v he_o actual_o have_v the_o idea_n that_o word_n stand_v for_o §_o 15._o second_o mix_v modes_n especial_o those_o belong_v to_o morality_n be_v most_o of_o they_o such_o combination_n of_o idea_n as_o the_o mind_n put_v together_o of_o its_o own_o choice_n and_o whereof_o they_o be_v not_o always_o stand_v pattern_n to_o be_v find_v exist_v the_o signification_n of_o their_o name_n can_v be_v make_v know_v as_o those_o of_o simple_a idea_n by_o any_o show_n but_o in_o recompense_n thereof_o may_v be_v perfect_o and_o exact_o define_v for_o they_o be_v combination_n of_o several_a idea_n that_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n have_v arbitrary_o put_v together_o without_o reference_n to_o any_o archetype_n man_n may_v if_o they_o please_v exact_o know_v the_o idea_n that_o go_v to_o each_o composition_n and_o so_o both_o use_v these_o word_n in_o a_o certain_a and_o undoubted_a signification_n and_o perfect_o declare_v when_o there_o be_v occasion_n what_o they_o stand_v for_o this_o if_o well_o consider_v will_v lay_v great_a blame_n on_o those_o who_o make_v not_o their_o discourse_n about_o moral_a thing_n very_o clear_a and_o distinct_a for_o since_o the_o precise_a signification_n of_o the_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o each_o species_n be_v to_o be_v know_v they_o be_v not_o of_o nature_n but_o man_n make_v it_o be_v a_o great_a negligence_n and_o perverseness_n to_o discourse_v of_o moral_a thing_n with_o uncertainty_n and_o obscurity_n which_o be_v much_o more_o pardonable_a in_o treat_v of_o natural_a substance_n where_o doubtful_a term_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v avoid_v for_o a_o quite_o contrary_a reason_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v by_o and_o by_o §_o 16._o upon_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o i_o be_o bold_a to_o think_v that_o morality_n be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n as_o well_o as_o methematicks_n since_o the_o precise_a real_a essence_n of_o the_o thing_n moral_a word_n stand_v for_o may_v be_v perfect_o know_v and_o so_o the_o congruity_n or_o incongruity_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o be_v certain_o discover_v in_o which_o consist_v perfect_a knowledge_n nor_o let_v any_o one_o object_n that_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n be_v often_o to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o morality_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o modes_n from_o which_o will_v arise_v obscurity_n for_o as_o to_o substance_n when_o concern_v in_o moral_a discourse_n their_o divers_a nature_n be_v not_o so_o much_o inquire_v into_o as_o suppose_v v_o g._n when_o we_o say_v that_o man_n be_v subject_a to_o law_n we_o mean_v nothing_o by_o man_n but_o a_o corporeal_a rational_a creature_n what_o the_o real_a essence_n or_o other_o quality_n of_o that_o creature_n be_v in_o this_o case_n be_v no_o way_n consider_v and_o therefore_o whether_o a_o child_n or_o changeling_n be_v a_o man_n in_o a_o physical_a sense_n may_v among_o the_o naturalist_n be_v as_o disputable_a as_o it_o will_v it_o concern_v not_o at_o all_o the_o moral_a man_n as_o i_o may_v call_v he_o which_o be_v this_o immovable_a unchangeable_a idea_n a_o corporeal_a rational_a be_v for_o be_v there_o a_o monkey_n or_o any_o other_o creature_n to_o be_v find_v that_o have_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o understand_v general_a sign_n and_o to_o deduce_v consequence_n about_o general_a idea_n he_o will_v no_o doubt_n be_v subject_a to_o law_n and_o in_o that_o sense_n be_v a_o man_n how_o much_o soever_o he_o differ_v in_o shape_n from_o other_o of_o that_o name_n the_o name_n of_o substance_n if_o they_o be_v use_v in_o they_o as_o they_o shall_v can_v no_o more_o disturb_v moral_a than_o they_o do_v mathematical_a discourse_n where_o if_o the_o mathematician_n speak_v of_o a_o cube_n or_o globe_n of_o gold_n or_o any_o other_o body_n he_o have_v his_o clear_a settle_a idea_n which_o vary_v not_o though_o it_o may_v by_o mistake_n be_v apply_v to_o a_o particular_a body_n to_o which_o it_o belong_v not_o §_o 17._o this_o i_o have_v here_o mention_v by_o the_o bye_n to_o show_v of_o what_o consequence_n it_o be_v for_o man_n in_o their_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n and_o consequent_o in_o all_o their_o moral_a discourse_n to_o define_v their_o word_n when_o there_o be_v occasion_n since_o thereby_o moral_a knowledge_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o so_o great_a clearness_n and_o certainty_n and_o it_o must_v be_v great_a want_n of_o ingenuity_n to_o say_v no_o worse_o of_o it_o to_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o since_o a_o definition_n be_v the_o only_a way_n whereby_o the_o precise_a mean_v of_o moral_a word_n can_v be_v know_v and_o yet_o a_o way_n whereby_o their_o mean_v may_v be_v know_v certain_o and_o without_o leave_v any_o room_n for_o any_o contest_v about_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o negligence_n or_o perverseness_n of_o mankind_n can_v be_v excuse_v if_o their_o discourse_n in_o morality_n be_v not_o much_o more_o clear_a than_o those_o in_o natural_a philosophy_n since_o they_o be_v about_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v none_o of_o they_o false_a nor_o disproportionate_a they_o have_v no_o external_a being_n for_o archetype_n which_o they_o be_v refer_v to_o and_o must_v correspond_v with_o it_o be_v far_o easy_a for_o man_n to_o frame_v in_o their_o mind_n a_o idea_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o standard_n to_o which_o they_o will_v give_v the_o name_n justice_n with_o which_o pattern_n so_o make_v all_o action_n that_o agree_v shall_v pass_v under_o that_o denomination_n than_o have_v see_v aristides_n to_o frame_v a_o idea_n that_o shall_v in_o all_o thing_n be_v exact_o like_o he_o who_o be_v as_o he_o be_v let_v man_n make_v what_o notion_n or_o idea_n they_o please_v of_o he_o for_o the_o one_o they_o need_v but_o know_v the_o idea_n they_o frame_v within_o themselves_o for_o the_o other_o they_o must_v inquire_v into_o the_o whole_a nature_n and_o abstruse_a hide_a constitution_n and_o quality_n of_o a_o thing_n exist_v without_o they_o §_o 18._o another_o
reason_n that_o make_v the_o define_n of_o mix_a modes_n so_o necessary_a especial_o of_o moral_a word_n be_v what_o i_o mention_v a_o little_a before_o and_o that_o be_v that_o it_o be_v the_o only_a way_n whereby_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o most_o of_o they_o can_v be_v know_v with_o certainty_n for_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o who_o component_a part_n nowhere_o exist_v together_o but_o scatter_v and_o mingle_v with_o other_o it_o be_v the_o mind_n alone_o that_o collect_v they_o and_o give_v they_o the_o union_n of_o one_o idea_n and_o it_o be_v only_o by_o word_n enumerate_v the_o several_a simple_a idea_n which_o the_o mind_n have_v unite_v that_o we_o can_v make_v know_v to_o other_o what_o their_o name_n stand_v for_o and_o not_o by_o any_o application_n to_o the_o sense_n as_o we_o can_v do_v in_o sensible_a simple_a idea_n and_o also_o to_o some_o degree_n in_o substance_n §_o 19_o three_o for_o the_o explain_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n as_o they_o stand_v for_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o their_o distinct_a species_n both_o the_o forementioned_a way_n viz._n of_o show_v and_o define_v be_v requisite_a in_o many_o case_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o there_o be_v ordinary_o in_o each_o sort_v some_o lead_a quality_n to_o which_o we_o suppose_v the_o other_o which_o make_v up_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o that_o species_n annex_v we_o give_v the_o name_n to_o some_o quality_n or_o idea_n which_o be_v the_o most_o observable_a and_o we_o take_v to_o be_v the_o most_o distinguish_a idea_n of_o that_o species_n these_o lead_v or_o characteristical_a as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o idea_n in_o the_o sort_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_n be_v as_o have_v be_v before_o remark_v most_o figure_n and_o in_o inanimate_a body_n colour_n and_o in_o some_o both_o together_o now_o §_o 20._o these_o lead_v sensible_a quality_n be_v those_o which_o make_v the_o chief_a ingredient_n of_o our_o specific_a idea_n and_o consequent_o the_o best_a definition_n of_o our_o specific_a name_n as_o attribute_v to_o sort_n of_o substance_n come_v under_o our_o knowledge_n for_o though_o the_o sound_a man_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n be_v as_o apt_a to_o signify_v a_o complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o animality_n and_o rationality_n unite_v in_o the_o same_o subject_a as_o to_o signify_v any_o other_o combination_n yet_o use_v as_o a_o mark_n to_o stand_v for_o a_o sort_n of_o creature_n we_o count_v of_o our_o own_o kind_n perhaps_o the_o outward_a shape_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o be_v take_v into_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o word_n man_n as_o any_o other_o we_o find_v in_o it_o and_o therefore_o why_o plato_n animal_n implume_v bipe_n latis_fw-la unguibus_fw-la shall_v not_o be_v as_o good_a a_o definition_n of_o the_o name_n man_n stand_v for_o that_o sort_n of_o creature_n will_v not_o be_v easy_a to_o show_v for_o it_o be_v the_o shape_n as_o the_o lead_a quality_n that_o seem_v more_o to_o determine_v that_o species_n than_o a_o faculty_n of_o reason_v which_o appear_v not_o at_o first_o and_o in_o some_o never_o and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o be_v so_o i_o do_v not_o know_v how_o they_o can_v be_v excuse_v from_o murder_n who_o kill_v monstrous_a birth_n as_o we_o call_v they_o because_o of_o a_o unordinary_a shape_n without_o know_v whether_o they_o have_v a_o rational_a soul_n or_o no_o which_o can_v be_v no_o more_o discern_v in_o a_o well-formed_a than_o ill-shaped_a infant_n as_o soon_o as_o bear_v and_o who_o be_v it_o have_v inform_v we_o that_o a_o rational_a soul_n can_v inhabit_v no_o tenement_n unless_o it_o have_v just_a such_o a_o sort_n of_o frontispiece_n or_o can_v join_v itself_o to_o and_o inform_v no_o sort_n of_o body_n but_o one_o that_o be_v just_a of_o such_o a_o outward_a structure_n §_o 21._o now_o these_o lead_a quality_n be_v best_a make_v know_v by_o show_v and_o can_v hardly_o be_v make_v know_v otherwise_o for_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o horse_n or_o cassuary_n will_v be_v but_o rude_o and_o imperfect_o imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n by_o word_n the_o sight_n of_o the_o animal_n do_v it_o a_o thousand_o time_n better_a and_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o particular_a colour_n of_o gold_n be_v not_o to_o be_v get_v by_o any_o description_n of_o it_o but_o only_o by_o the_o frequent_a exercise_n of_o the_o eye_n about_o it_o as_o be_v evident_a in_o those_o who_o be_v use_v to_o this_o metal_n who_o will_v frequent_o distinguish_v true_a from_o counterfeit_n pure_a from_o adulterate_a by_o the_o sight_n where_o other_o who_o have_v as_o good_a eye_n but_o yet_o by_o use_n have_v not_o get_v the_o precise_a nice_a idea_n of_o that_o peculiar_a yellow_n shall_v not_o perceive_v any_o difference_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o those_o other_o simple_a idea_n peculiar_a in_o their_o kind_n to_o any_o substance_n for_o which_o precise_a idea_n there_o be_v no_o peculiar_a name_n the_o particular_a ring_a sound_n there_o be_v in_o gold_n distinct_a from_o the_o sound_n of_o other_o body_n have_v no_o particular_a name_n annex_v to_o it_o no_o more_o than_o the_o particular_a yellow_n that_o belong_v to_o that_o metal_n §_o 22._o but_o because_o many_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v up_o our_o specific_a idea_n of_o substance_n be_v power_n which_o lie_v not_o obvious_a to_o our_o sense_n in_o the_o thing_n as_o they_o ordinary_o appear_v therefore_o in_o the_o signification_n of_o our_o name_n of_o substance_n some_o part_n of_o the_o signification_n will_v be_v better_a make_v know_v by_o enumerate_v those_o simple_a idea_n than_o in_o show_v the_o substance_n itself_o for_o he_o that_o to_o the_o yellow_a shine_a colour_n of_o gold_n get_v by_o sight_n shall_v from_o my_o enumerate_v they_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o great_a ductility_n fusibility_n fixedness_n and_o solubility_n in_o aq._n regia_n will_v have_v a_o perfect_a idea_n of_o gold_n than_o he_o can_v have_v by_o see_v a_o piece_n of_o gold_n and_o thereby_o imprint_v in_o his_o mind_n only_o its_o obvious_a quality_n but_o if_o the_o formal_a constitution_n of_o this_o shine_a heavy_a ductil_a thing_n from_o whence_o all_o these_o its_o property_n flow_v lay_v open_a to_o our_o sense_n as_o the_o formal_a constitution_n or_o essence_n of_o a_o triangle_n do_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n gold_n may_v as_o easy_o be_v ascertain_v as_o that_o of_o triangle_n §_o 23._o hence_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n how_o much_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n of_o corporeal_a thing_n lie_v in_o our_o sense_n for_o how_o spirit_n separate_z from_o body_n who_o knowledge_n and_o idea_n of_o these_o thing_n be_v certain_o much_o more_o perfect_a than_o we_o know_v they_o we_o have_v no_o notion_n no_o idea_n at_o all_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o our_o knowledge_n or_o imagination_n reach_v not_o beyond_o our_o own_o idea_n limit_v to_o our_o way_n of_o perception_n though_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v that_o spirit_n of_o a_o high_a rank_n than_o those_o immerse_v in_o flesh_n may_v have_v as_o clear_a idea_n of_o the_o radical_a constitution_n of_o substance_n as_o we_o have_v of_o a_o triangle_n and_o so_o perceive_v how_o all_o their_o property_n and_o operation_n flow_v from_o thence_o but_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o come_v by_o that_o knowledge_n exceed_v our_o conception_n §_o 24._o but_o though_o definition_n will_v serve_v to_o explain_v the_o name_n of_o substance_n as_o they_o stand_v for_o our_o idea_n yet_o they_o leave_v they_o not_o without_o great_a imperfection_n as_o they_o stand_v for_o thing_n for_o our_o name_n of_o substance_n be_v not_o put_v bare_o for_o our_o idea_n but_o be_v make_v use_n of_o ultimate_o to_o represent_v thing_n and_o so_o be_v put_v in_o their_o place_n their_o signification_n must_v agree_v with_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o with_o man_n idea_n and_o therefore_o in_o substance_n we_o be_v not_o always_o to_o rest_v in_o the_o ordinary_a complex_fw-la idea_n common_o receive_v as_o the_o signification_n of_o that_o word_n but_o to_o go_v a_o little_a far_o and_o inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o thereby_o perfect_a as_o much_o as_o we_o can_v our_o idea_n of_o their_o distinct_a species_n or_o else_o learn_v they_o from_o such_o as_o be_v use_v to_o that_o sort_n of_o thing_n and_o be_v experience_v in_o they_o for_o since_o it_o be_v intend_v their_o name_n shall_v stand_v for_o such_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n as_o do_v real_o exist_v in_o thing_n themselves_o as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n in_o other_o man_n mind_n which_o in_o their_o ordinary_a acceptation_n they_o
stand_v for_o therefore_o to_o define_v their_o name_n right_a natural_a history_n be_v to_o be_v inquire_v into_o and_o their_o property_n be_v with_o care_n and_o examination_n to_o be_v find_v out_o for_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o the_o avoid_v inconvenience_n in_o discourse_n and_o arguing_n about_o natural_a body_n and_o substantial_a thing_n to_o have_v learn_v from_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o language_n the_o common_a but_o confuse_a or_o very_o imperfect_a idea_n to_o which_o each_o word_n be_v apply_v and_o to_o keep_v they_o to_o that_o idea_n in_o our_o use_n of_o they_o but_o we_o must_v by_o acquaint_v ourselves_o with_o the_o history_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o thing_n rectify_v and_o settle_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n belong_v to_o each_o specific_a name_n and_o in_o discourse_n with_o other_o if_o we_o find_v they_o mistake_v we_o we_o ought_v to_o tell_v what_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v that_o we_o make_v such_o a_o name_n stand_v for_o this_o be_v the_o more_o necessary_a to_o be_v do_v by_o all_o those_o who_o search_v after_o knowledge_n and_o philosophical_a verity_n in_o that_o child_n be_v teach_v word_n whilst_o they_o have_v but_o imperfect_a notion_n of_o thing_n apply_v they_o at_o random_n and_o without_o much_o think_n or_o frame_v clear_a distinct_a idea_n which_o custom_n it_o be_v easy_a and_o serve_v well_o enough_o for_o the_o ordinary_a affair_n of_o life_n and_o conversation_n they_o be_v apt_a to_o continue_v when_o they_o be_v man_n and_o so_o begin_v at_o the_o wrong_a end_n learn_v word_n first_o and_o perfect_o but_o make_v the_o notion_n to_o which_o they_o apply_v those_o word_n afterward_o very_o overt_o by_o this_o mean_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o man_n speak_v the_o proper_a language_n of_o their_o country_n i._n e._n according_a to_o grammar-rule_n of_o that_o language_n do_v yet_o speak_v very_o improper_o of_o thing_n themselves_o and_o by_o their_o argue_v one_o with_o another_o make_v but_o small_a progress_n in_o the_o discovery_n of_o useful_a truth_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o themselves_o and_o not_o in_o our_o imagination_n and_o it_o matter_n not_o much_o for_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n how_o they_o be_v call_v §_o 25._o it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v wish_v that_o man_n verse_v in_o physical_a inquiry_n and_o acquaint_v with_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o natural_a body_n will_v set_v down_o those_o simple_a idea_n wherein_o they_o observe_v the_o individual_n of_o each_o sort_n constant_o to_o agree_v this_o will_v remedy_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o that_o confusion_n which_o come_v from_o several_a person_n apply_v the_o same_o name_n to_o a_o collection_n of_o a_o small_a or_o great_a number_n of_o sensible_a quality_n proportionable_o as_o they_o have_v be_v more_o or_o less_o acquaint_v with_o or_o accurate_a in_o examine_v the_o quality_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o thing_n which_o come_v under_o one_o denomination_n but_o a_o dictionary_n of_o this_o sort_n contain_v as_o it_o be_v a_o natural_a history_n require_v too_o many_o hand_n as_o well_o as_o too_o much_o time_n cost_n pain_n and_o sagacity_n ever_o to_o be_v hope_v for_o and_o till_o that_o be_v do_v we_o must_v content_v ourselves_o with_o such_o definition_n of_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n as_o explain_v the_o sense_n man_n use_v they_o in_o and_o it_o will_v be_v well_o where_o there_o be_v occasion_n if_o they_o will_v afford_v we_o so_o much_o this_o yet_o be_v not_o usual_o do_v but_o man_n talk_v to_o one_o another_o and_o dispute_v in_o word_n who_o meaning_n be_v not_o agree_v between_o they_o out_o of_o a_o mistake_n that_o the_o signification_n of_o common_a word_n be_v certain_o establish_v and_o the_o precise_a idea_n they_o stand_v for_o perfect_o know_v and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o they_o both_o which_o supposition_n be_v false_a no_o name_n of_o complex_fw-la idea_n have_v so_o settle_v determine_v signification_n that_o they_o be_v constant_o use_v for_o the_o same_o precise_a idea_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o shame_n for_o a_o man_n not_o to_o have_v a_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o by_o the_o necessary_a way_n of_o attain_v it_o and_o so_o it_o be_v no_o discredit_n not_o to_o know_v what_o precise_a idea_n any_o sound_n stand_v for_o in_o another_o man_n mind_n without_o he_o declare_v it_o to_o i_o by_o some_o other_o way_n than_o bare_o use_v that_o sound_n there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n without_o such_o a_o declaration_n certain_o to_o know_v it_o indeed_o the_o necessity_n of_o communication_n by_o language_n bring_v man_n to_o a_o agreement_n in_o the_o signification_n of_o common_a word_n within_o some_o tolerable_a latitude_n that_o may_v serve_v for_o ordinary_a conversation_n and_o so_o a_o man_n can_v be_v suppose_v whole_o ignorant_a of_o the_o idea_n which_o be_v annex_v to_o word_n by_o common_a use_n in_o a_o language_n familiar_a to_o he_o but_o common_a use_n be_v but_o a_o very_a uncertain_a rule_n which_o reduce_v itself_o at_o last_o to_o the_o idea_n of_o particular_a man_n prove_v often_o but_o a_o very_a variable_a standard_n but_o though_o such_o a_o dictionary_n as_o i_o have_v above_o mention_v will_v require_v too_o much_o time_n cost_n and_o pain_n to_o be_v hope_v for_o in_o this_o age_n yet_o methinks_v it_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a to_o propose_v that_o word_n stand_v for_o thing_n which_o be_v know_v and_o distinguish_v by_o their_o outward_a shape_n shall_v be_v express_v by_o little_a draught_n and_o print_n make_v of_o they_o a_o vocabulary_a make_v after_o this_o fashion_n will_v perhaps_o with_o more_o ease_n and_o in_o less_o time_n teach_v the_o true_a signification_n of_o many_o term_n especial_o in_o language_n of_o remote_a country_n or_o age_n and_o settle_v true_a idea_n in_o man_n mind_n of_o several_a thing_n whereof_o we_o read_v the_o name_n in_o ancient_a author_n than_o all_o the_o large_a and_o laborious_a comment_n of_o learned_a critic_n naturalist_n that_o treat_v of_o plant_n and_o animal_n have_v find_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o way_n and_o he_o that_o have_v have_v occasion_n to_o consult_v they_o will_v have_v reason_n to_o confess_v that_o he_o have_v a_o clear_a idea_n of_o apium_n or_o ibex_n from_o a_o little_a print_n of_o that_o herb_n or_o beast_n than_o he_o can_v have_v from_o a_o long_a definition_n of_o the_o name_n of_o either_o of_o they_o and_o so_o no_o doubt_n he_o will_v have_v of_o strigil_n and_o sistrum_fw-la if_o instead_o of_o a_o currycomb_n and_o cymbal_n which_o be_v the_o english_a name_n dictionary_n render_v they_o by_o he_o can_v see_v stamp_v in_o the_o margin_n small_a picture_n of_o these_o instrument_n as_o they_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o ancient_n toga_fw-la tunica_n pallium_fw-la be_v word_n easy_o translate_v by_o gown_n coat_n and_o cloak_n but_o we_o have_v thereby_o no_o more_o true_a idea_n of_o the_o fashion_n of_o those_o habit_n among_o the_o roman_n than_o we_o have_v of_o the_o face_n of_o the_o tailor_n who_o make_v they_o such_o thing_n as_o these_o which_o the_o eye_n distinguish_v by_o their_o shape_n will_v be_v best_o let_v into_o the_o mind_n by_o draught_n make_v of_o they_o and_o more_o determine_v the_o signification_n of_o such_o word_n than_o any_o other_o word_n set_v for_o they_o or_o make_v use_n of_o to_o define_v they_o but_o this_o only_a by_o the_o bye_n §_o 26._o five_o if_o man_n will_v not_o be_v at_o the_o pain_n to_o declare_v the_o meaning_n of_o their_o word_n and_o definition_n of_o their_o term_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v yet_o this_o be_v the_o least_o that_o can_v be_v expect_v that_o in_o all_o discourse_n wherein_o one_o man_n pretend_v to_o instruct_v or_o convince_v another_o he_o shall_v use_v the_o same_o word_n constant_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n if_o this_o be_v do_v which_o no_o body_n can_v refuse_v without_o great_a disingenuity_n many_o of_o the_o book_n extant_a may_v be_v spare_v many_o of_o the_o controversy_n in_o dispute_n will_v be_v at_o a_o end_n several_a of_o those_o great_a volume_n swell_v with_o ambiguous_a word_n now_o use_v in_o one_o sense_n and_o by_o and_o by_o in_o another_o will_v shrink_v into_o a_o very_a narrow_a compass_n and_o many_o of_o the_o philosopher_n to_o mention_v no_o other_o as_o well_o as_o poet_n work_n may_v be_v contain_v in_o a_o nutshell_n §_o 27._o but_o after_o all_o word_n be_v so_o scanty_a in_o respect_n of_o that_o infinite_a variety_n be_v in_o man_n thought_n that_o man_n want_v term_n to_o suit_v their_o precise_a notion_n will_n notwithstanding_o their_o utmost_a caution_n be_v force_v often_o to_o use_v the_o same_o word_n in_o somewhat_o different_a sense_n and_o though_o in_o the_o
continuation_n of_o a_o discourse_n or_o the_o pursuit_n of_o a_o argument_n there_o be_v hardly_o room_n to_o digress_v into_o a_o particular_a definition_n as_o often_o as_o a_o man_n vary_v the_o signification_n of_o any_o term_n yet_o the_o import_n of_o the_o discourse_n will_v for_o the_o most_o part_n if_o there_o be_v no_o design_a fallacy_n sufficient_o lead_v candid_a and_o intelligent_a reader_n into_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o it_o but_o where_o that_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o guide_v the_o reader_n there_o it_o concern_v the_o writer_n to_o explain_v his_o meaning_n and_o show_v in_o what_o sense_n he_o there_o use_v that_o term._n book_n iu._n chap._n i._o of_o knowledge_n in_o general_n §_o 1._o since_o the_o mind_n in_o all_o its_o thought_n and_o reason_n have_v no_o other_o immediate_a object_n but_o its_o own_o idea_n which_o it_o alone_o do_v or_o can_v contemplate_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o our_o knowledge_n be_v only_o conversant_a about_o they_o §_o 2._o knowledge_n then_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o connexion_n and_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n and_o repugnancy_n of_o any_o of_o our_o idea_n in_o this_o alone_a it_o consist_v where_o this_o perception_n be_v there_o be_v knowledge_n and_o where_o it_o be_v not_o there_o though_o we_o may_v fancy_n guess_v or_o believe_v yet_o we_o always_o come_v short_a of_o knowledge_n for_o when_o we_o know_v that_o white_a be_v not_o black_a what_o do_v we_o else_o but_o perceive_v that_o these_o two_o idea_n do_v not_o agree_v when_o we_o possess_v ourselves_o with_o the_o utmost_a security_n of_o the_o demonstration_n that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o what_o do_v we_o more_o but_o perceive_v that_o equality_n to_o two_o right_a one_o do_v necessary_o agree_v to_o and_o be_v inseparable_a from_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n §_o 3._o but_o to_o understand_v a_o little_a more_o distinct_o wherein_o this_o agreement_n of_o disagreement_n consist_v i_o think_v we_o may_v reduce_v it_o all_o to_o these_o four_o sort_n 1._o identity_n or_o diversity_n 2._o relation_n 3._o coexistence_n or_o necessary_a connexion_n 4._o real_a existence_n §_o 4._o first_o as_o to_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n viz._n identiy_n or_o diversity_n it_o be_v the_o first_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n when_o it_o have_v any_o sentiment_n or_o idea_n at_o all_o to_o perceive_v its_o idea_n and_o so_o far_o as_o it_o perceive_v they_o to_o know_v each_o what_o it_o be_v and_o thereby_o also_o to_o perceive_v their_o difference_n and_o that_o one_o be_v not_o another_o this_o be_v so_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o without_o it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o knowledge_n no_o reason_v no_o imagination_n no_o distinct_a thought_n at_o all_o by_o this_o the_o mind_n clear_o and_o infallible_o perceive_v each_o idea_n to_o agree_v with_o itself_o and_o to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v and_o all_o distinct_a idea_n to_o disagree_v i._n e._n the_o one_o not_o to_o be_v the_o other_o and_o this_o it_o do_v without_o any_o pain_n labour_n or_o deduction_n but_o at_o first_o view_n by_o its_o natural_a power_n of_o perception_n and_o distinction_n and_o though_o man_n of_o art_n have_v reduce_v this_o into_o those_o general_a rule_n what_o be_v be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v for_o ready_a application_n in_o all_o case_n wherein_o there_o may_v be_v occasion_n to_o reflect_v on_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o first_o exercise_n of_o this_o faculty_n be_v about_o particular_a idea_n a_o man_n infallible_o know_v as_o soon_o as_o ever_o he_o have_v they_o in_o his_o mind_n that_o the_o idea_n he_o call_v white_a and_o round_a be_v the_o very_a idea_n they_o be_v and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o other_o idea_n which_o he_o call_v red_a or_o square_n nor_o can_v any_o maxim_n or_o proposition_n in_o the_o world_n make_v he_o know_v it_o clear_a or_o sure_a than_o he_o do_v before_o or_o without_o any_o such_o general_a rule_n this_o then_o be_v the_o first_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n which_o the_o mind_n perceive_v in_o its_o idea_n which_o it_o always_o perceive_v at_o first_o sight_n and_o if_o there_o ever_o happen_v any_o doubt_n about_o it_o it_o will_v always_o be_v find_v to_o be_v about_o the_o name_n and_o not_o the_o idea_n themselves_o who_o identity_n and_o diversity_n will_v always_o be_v perceive_v as_o soon_o and_o as_o clear_o as_o the_o idea_n themselves_o be_v nor_o can_v it_o possible_o be_v otherwise_o §_o 5._o second_o the_o next_o sort_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n the_o mind_n perceive_v in_o any_o of_o its_o idea_n may_v i_o think_v be_v call_v relative_n and_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o relation_n between_o any_o two_o idea_n of_o what_o kind_n soever_o whether_o substance_n modes_n or_o any_o other_o for_o since_o all_o distinct_a idea_n must_v eternal_o be_v know_v not_o to_o be_v the_o same_o and_o so_o be_v universal_o and_o constant_o deny_v one_o of_o another_o there_o can_v be_v no_o room_n for_o any_o positive_a knowledge_n at_o all_o if_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v any_o relation_n between_o our_o idea_n and_o find_v out_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n they_o have_v one_o with_o another_o in_o several_a way_n the_o mind_n take_v of_o compare_v they_o §_o 6._o three_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n to_o be_v find_v in_o our_o idea_n which_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v employ_v about_o be_v coexistence_n or_o non-co-existence_n in_o the_o same_o subject_a and_o this_o belong_v particular_o to_o substance_n thus_o when_o we_o pronounce_v concern_v gold_n that_o it_o be_v fix_v our_o knowledge_n of_o this_o truth_n amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o fixedness_n or_o a_o power_n to_o remain_v in_o the_o fire_n unconsume_v be_v a_o idea_n that_o always_o accompany_v and_o be_v join_v with_o that_o particular_a sort_n of_o yellowness_n weight_n fusibility_n malleableness_n and_o solubility_n in_o aq._n regia_n which_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o word_n gold_n §_o 7._o four_o the_o four_o and_o last_o sort_n be_v that_o of_o actual_a real_a existence_n agree_v to_o any_o idea_n within_o these_o four_o sort_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v i_o suppose_v contain_v all_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v or_o be_v capable_a of_o for_o all_o the_o inquiry_n that_o we_o can_v make_v concern_v any_o of_o our_o idea_n all_o that_o we_o know_v or_o can_v affirm_v concern_v any_o of_o they_o be_v that_o it_o be_v or_o be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o some_o other_o that_o it_o do_v or_o do_v not_o always_o co-exist_a with_o some_o other_o idea_n in_o the_o same_o subject_a that_o it_o have_v this_o or_o that_o relation_n to_o some_o other_o idea_n or_o that_o it_o have_v a_o real_a existence_n without_o the_o mind_n thus_o blue_n be_v not_o yellow_a be_v of_o identity_n two_o triangle_n upon_o equal_a basis_n between_o two_o parallel_n be_v equal_a be_v of_o relation_n iron_n be_v susceptible_a of_o magnetical_a impression_n be_v of_o coexistence_n god_n be_v be_v of_o real_a existence_n though_o identity_n and_o coexistence_n be_v true_o nothing_o but_o relation_n yet_o they_o be_v so_o peculiar_a way_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o idea_n that_o they_o deserve_v well_o to_o be_v consider_v as_o distinct_a head_n and_o not_o under_o relation_n in_o general_a since_o they_o be_v so_o different_a ground_n of_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n as_o will_v easy_o appear_v to_o any_o one_o who_o will_v but_o reflect_v on_o what_o be_v say_v in_o several_a place_n of_o this_o essay_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o examine_v the_o several_a degree_n of_o our_o knowledge_n but_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a first_o to_o consider_v the_o different_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n knowledge_n §_o 8._o there_o be_v several_a way_n wherein_o the_o mind_n be_v possess_v of_o truth_n each_o of_o which_o be_v call_v knowledge_n 1._o there_o be_v actual_a knowledge_n which_o be_v the_o present_a view_n the_o mind_n have_v of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o of_o its_o idea_n or_o of_o the_o relation_n they_o have_v one_o to_o another_o 2._o a_o man_n be_v say_v to_o know_v any_o proposition_n which_o have_v be_v once_o lay_v before_o his_o thought_n he_o evident_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o idea_n whereof_o it_o consist_v and_o so_o lodge_v it_o in_o his_o memory_n that_o whenever_o that_o proposition_n come_v again_o to_o be_v reflect_v on_o he_o without_o doubt_n or_o hesitation_n embrace_v the_o right_a side_n assent_v to_o and_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o
this_o i_o think_v one_o may_v call_v habitual_a knowledge_n and_o thus_o a_o man_n may_v be_v say_v to_o know_v all_o those_o truth_n which_o be_v lodge_v in_o his_o memory_n by_o a_o forego_n clear_a and_o full_a perception_n whereof_o the_o mind_n be_v assure_v past_o doubt_n as_o often_o as_o it_o have_v occasion_n to_o reflect_v on_o they_o for_o our_o finite_a understanding_n be_v able_a to_o think_v clear_o and_o distinct_o but_o on_o one_o thing_n at_o once_o if_o man_n have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o any_o more_o than_o what_o they_o actual_o think_v on_o they_o will_v all_o be_v very_o ignorant_a and_o he_o that_o know_v most_o will_v know_v but_o one_o truth_n that_o be_v all_o he_o be_v able_a to_o think_v on_o at_o one_o time_n §_o 9_o of_o habitual_a knowledge_n there_o be_v also_o vulgar_o speak_v two_o degree_n first_o the_o one_o be_v of_o such_o truth_n lay_v up_o in_o the_o memory_n as_o whenever_o they_o occur_v to_o the_o mind_n it_o actual_o perceive_v the_o relation_n be_v between_o those_o idea_n and_o this_o be_v in_o all_o those_o truth_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n where_o the_o idea_n themselves_o by_o a_o immediate_a view_n discover_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n one_o with_o another_o second_o the_o other_o be_v of_o such_o truth_n whereof_o the_o mind_n have_v be_v convince_v it_o retain_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o conviction_n without_o the_o proof_n thus_o a_o man_n that_o remember_v certain_o that_o he_o once_o perceive_v the_o demonstration_n that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o be_v common_o allow_v to_o know_v it_o because_o he_o can_v doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o but_o yet_o have_v forget_v the_o demonstration_n strict_o speak_v he_o rather_o believe_v his_o memory_n than_o know_v the_o thing_n or_o rather_o it_o be_v something_o between_o opinion_n and_o knowledge_n a_o sort_n of_o assurance_n that_o exceed_v bare_a belief_n which_o rely_v on_o the_o testimony_n of_o another_o and_o yet_o come_v short_a of_o perfect_a knowledge_n for_o knowledge_n consist_v in_o a_o clear_a perception_n of_o the_o relation_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n either_o by_o a_o immediate_a juxta-position_n as_o in_o intuitive_a knowledge_n or_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o other_o idea_n which_o do_v immediate_o discover_v their_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o as_o in_o demonstration_n the_o mind_n can_v in_o strictness_n be_v say_v to_o have_v so_o much_o as_o a_o habitual_a knowledge_n where_o it_o have_v not_o a_o habitual_a view_n of_o the_o proof_n where_o it_o have_v not_o such_o a_o memory_n of_o the_o demonstration_n that_o it_o can_v when_o that_o proposition_n be_v again_o recall_v to_o the_o mind_n perceive_v the_o connexion_n of_o those_o idea_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o such_o other_o idea_n who_o immediate_a connexion_n or_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o show_v the_o relation_n of_o the_o extreme_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n be_v much_o more_o imperfect_a than_o intuitive_a as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o our_o knowledge_n §_o 1._o all_o our_o knowledge_n consist_v as_o i_o have_v say_v in_o the_o view_n the_o mind_n have_v of_o its_o own_o idea_n which_o be_v the_o utmost_a light_n and_o great_a certainty_n we_o with_o our_o faculty_n and_o in_o our_o way_n of_o knowledge_n be_v capable_a of_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o consider_v a_o little_a the_o degree_n of_o its_o evidence_n the_o different_a clearness_n of_o our_o knowledge_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o lie_v in_o the_o different_a way_n of_o perception_n the_o mind_n have_v of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o of_o its_o idea_n for_o if_o we_o will_v reflect_v on_o our_o own_o way_n of_o think_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o sometime_o the_o mind_n perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o idea_n immediate_o by_o themselves_o without_o the_o intervention_n of_o any_o other_o and_o this_o i_o think_v we_o may_v call_v intuitive_a knowledge_n for_o in_o this_o the_o mind_n be_v at_o no_o pain_n of_o prove_v or_o examine_v but_o perceive_v the_o truth_n as_o the_o eye_n do_v light_a only_o by_o be_v direct_v towards_o it_o thus_o the_o mind_n perceive_v that_o white_a be_v not_o black_a that_o a_o circle_n be_v not_o a_o triangle_n that_o three_o be_v more_o than_o two_o and_o equal_a to_o one_o and_o two_n such_o kind_n of_o truth_n the_o mind_n perceive_v at_o the_o first_o sight_n of_o the_o idea_n together_o by_o bare_a intuition_n without_o the_o intervention_n of_o any_o other_o idea_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n be_v the_o clear_a and_o most_o certain_a that_o (null)_o frailty_n be_v capable_a of_o this_o part_n of_o knowledge_n be_v irresistible_a and_o like_o the_o bright_a sunshine_n force_v itself_o immediate_o to_o be_v perceive_v as_o soon_o as_o ever_o the_o mind_n turn_v its_o view_n that_o way_n and_o leave_v no_o room_n for_o hesitation_n doubt_v or_o examination_n but_o the_o mind_n be_v present_o fill_v with_o the_o clear_a light_n of_o it_o it_o be_v on_o this_o intuition_n that_o depend_v all_o the_o certainty_n and_o evidence_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n which_o certainty_n every_o one_o find_v to_o be_v so_o great_a that_o he_o can_v imagine_v and_o therefore_o not_o require_v a_o great_a for_o a_o man_n can_v conceive_v himself_o capable_a of_o a_o great_a certainty_n than_o to_o know_v that_o any_o idea_n in_o his_o mind_n be_v such_o as_o he_o perceive_v it_o to_o be_v and_o that_o two_o idea_n wherein_o he_o perceive_v a_o difference_n be_v different_a and_o not_o precise_o the_o same_o he_o that_o demand_v a_o great_a certainty_n than_o this_o demand_v he_o know_v not_o what_o and_o show_v only_o that_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v a_o sceptic_a without_o be_v able_a to_o be_v so_o certainty_n depend_v so_o whole_o on_o this_o intuition_n that_o in_o the_o next_o degree_n of_o knowledge_n which_o i_o call_v demonstrative_a this_o intuition_n be_v necessary_a in_o all_o the_o connexion_n of_o the_o intermediate_v idea_n without_o which_o we_o can_v attain_v knowledge_n and_o certainty_n §_o 2._o the_o next_o degree_n of_o knowledge_n be_v where_o the_o mind_n perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o idea_n but_o not_o immediate_o though_o wherever_o the_o mind_n perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o of_o its_o idea_n there_o be_v certain_a knowledge_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o always_o happen_v that_o the_o mind_n see_v that_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n which_o there_o be_v between_o they_o even_o where_o it_o be_v discoverable_a and_o in_o that_o case_n remain_v in_o ignorance_n or_o at_o most_o get_v no_o far_a than_o a_o probable_a conjecture_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o mind_n can_v always_o perceive_v present_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o idea_n be_v because_o those_o idea_n concern_v who_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n the_o enquiry_n be_v make_v can_v by_o the_o mind_n be_v so_o put_v together_o as_o to_o show_v it_o in_o this_o case_n then_o when_o the_o mind_n can_v so_o bring_v its_o idea_n together_o as_o by_o their_o immediate_a comparison_n and_o as_o it_o be_v juxta-position_n or_o application_n one_o to_o another_o to_o perceive_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n it_o be_v fain_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o other_o idea_n one_o or_o more_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o discover_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n which_o it_o search_v and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v reason_v thus_o the_o mind_n be_v willing_a to_o know_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n in_o bigness_n between_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n and_o two_o right_a one_o can_v by_o a_o immediate_a view_n and_o compare_v they_o do_v it_o because_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n can_v be_v bring_v at_o once_o and_o be_v compare_v with_o any_o other_o one_o or_o two_o angle_n and_o so_o of_o this_o the_o mind_n have_v no_o immediate_a no_o intuitive_a knowledge_n in_o this_o case_n the_o mind_n be_v fain_o to_o find_v out_o some_o other_o angle_n to_o which_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n have_v a_o equality_n and_o find_v those_o equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o come_v to_o know_v their_o equality_n to_o two_o right_a one_o §_o 3._o those_o intervening_a idea_n which_o serve_v to_o show_v the_o agreement_n of_o any_o two_o other_o be_v call_v proof_n and_o where_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v by_o this_o mean_n plain_o and_o clear_o perceive_v it_o be_v call_v demonstration_n it_o be_v show_v to_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o mind_n make_v see_v that_o it_o be_v so_o a_o quickness_n in_o the_o mind_n to_o find_v out_o these_o intermediate_v
order_v as_o to_o reflect_v the_o great_a number_n of_o globule_n of_o light_n and_o to_o give_v they_o that_o proper_a rotation_n which_o be_v fit_a to_o produce_v this_o sensation_n of_o white_a in_o we_o the_o more_o white_a will_v that_o body_n appear_v that_o from_o a_o equal_a space_n send_v to_o the_o retina_fw-la the_o great_a number_n of_o such_o corpuscle_n with_o that_o peculiar_a sort_n of_o motion_n i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o light_n consist_v in_o very_o small_a round_a globule_n nor_o of_o whiteness_n in_o such_o a_o texture_n of_o part_n as_o give_v a_o certain_a rotation_n to_o these_o globule_n when_o it_o reflect_v they_o for_o i_o be_o not_o now_o treat_v physical_o of_o light_n or_o colour_n but_o this_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v that_o i_o can_v and_o i_o will_v be_v glad_a any_o one_o will_v make_v intelligible_a that_o he_o do_v conceive_v how_o body_n without_o we_o can_v any_o way_n affect_v our_o sense_n but_o by_o the_o immediate_a contact_n of_o the_o sensible_a body_n themselves_o as_o in_o taste_v and_o feel_v or_o the_o impulse_n of_o some_o insensible_a particle_n come_v from_o they_o as_o in_o see_v hear_v and_o smell_a by_o the_o different_a impulse_n of_o which_o part_n cause_v by_o their_o different_a size_n figure_n and_o motion_n the_o variety_n of_o sensation_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o §_o 12._o whether_o then_o they_o be_v globule_n or_o no_o or_o whether_o they_o have_v a_o verticity_n about_o their_o own_o centre_n that_o produce_v the_o idea_n of_o whiteness_n in_o we_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o more_o particle_n of_o light_n be_v reflect_v from_o a_o body_n fit_v to_o give_v they_o that_o peculiar_a motion_n which_o produce_v the_o sensation_n of_o whiteness_n in_o we_o and_o possible_o too_o the_o quick_a the_o peculiar_a motion_n be_v the_o white_a do_v the_o body_n appear_v from_o which_o the_o great_a number_n be_v reflect_v as_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o same_o piece_n of_o paper_n put_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n in_o the_o shade_n and_o in_o a_o dark_a hole_n in_o each_o of_o which_o it_o will_v produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o whiteness_n in_o far_o different_a degree_n §_o 13._o not_o know_v therefore_o what_o number_n of_o particle_n nor_o what_o motion_n of_o they_o be_v fit_a to_o produce_v any_o precise_a degree_n of_o whiteness_n we_o can_v demonstrate_v the_o certain_a equality_n of_o any_o two_o degree_n of_o whiteness_n because_o we_o have_v no_o certain_a standard_n to_o measure_v they_o by_o nor_o mean_n to_o distinguish_v every_o the_o least_o real_a difference_n the_o only_a help_n we_o have_v be_v from_o our_o sense_n which_o in_o this_o point_n fail_v we_o but_o where_o the_o difference_n be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o produce_v in_o the_o mind_n clear_o distinct_a idea_n who_o difference_n can_v be_v perfect_o retain_v there_o these_o idea_n of_o colour_n as_o we_o see_v in_o different_a kind_n as_o blue_a and_o red_a be_v as_o capable_a of_o demonstration_n as_o idea_n of_o number_n and_o extension_n what_o i_o have_v here_o say_v of_o whiteness_n and_o colour_n i_o think_v hold_v true_a in_o all_o secundary_n quality_n and_o their_o modes_n §_o 14._o these_o two_o viz._n intuition_n and_o demonstration_n be_v the_o degree_n of_o our_o knowledge_n whatever_o come_v short_a of_o one_o of_o these_o with_o what_o assurance_n soever_o embrace_v be_v but_o faith_n or_o opinion_n but_o not_o knowledge_n at_o least_o in_o all_o general_a truth_n there_o be_v indeed_o another_o perception_n of_o the_o mind_n employ_v about_o the_o particular_a existence_n of_o finite_a being_n without_o we_o which_o go_v beyond_o bare_a probability_n and_o yet_o not_o reach_v perfect_o to_o either_o of_o the_o foregoing_a degree_n of_o certainty_n pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o knowledge_n there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o certain_a than_o that_o the_o idea_n we_o receive_v from_o a_o external_a object_n be_v in_o our_o mind_n this_o be_v intuitive_a knowledge_n but_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o than_o bare_o that_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n whether_o we_o can_v thence_o certain_o infer_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n without_o we_o which_o correspond_v to_o that_o idea_n be_v that_o whereof_o some_o man_n think_v there_o may_v be_v a_o question_n make_v because_o man_n may_v have_v such_o idea_n in_o their_o mind_n when_o no_o such_o thing_n exist_v no_o such_o object_n affect_v their_o sense_n but_o yet_o here_o i_o think_v we_o be_v provide_v with_o a_o evidence_n that_o put_v we_o past_o doubt_v for_o i_o ask_v any_o one_o whether_o he_o be_v not_o invincible_o conscious_a to_o himself_o of_o a_o different_a perception_n when_o he_o look_v on_o the_o sun_n by_o day_n and_o think_v on_o it_o by_o night_n when_o he_o actual_o taste_v wormwood_n or_o smell_v a_o rose_n or_o only_o think_v on_o that_o savour_n or_o odour_n we_o as_o plain_o find_v the_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o any_o idea_n revive_v in_o our_o mind_n by_o our_o own_o memory_n and_o actual_o come_v into_o our_o mind_n by_o our_o sense_n as_o we_o do_v between_o any_o two_o distinct_a idea_n if_o any_o one_o say_v a_o dream_n may_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o all_o these_o idea_n may_v be_v produce_v in_o we_o without_o any_o external_a object_n he_o may_v please_v to_o dream_v that_o i_o make_v he_o this_o answer_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v no_o great_a matter_n whether_o i_o remove_v his_o scruple_n or_o no_o where_o all_o be_v but_o dream_n reason_v and_o argument_n be_v of_o no_o use_n truth_n and_o knowledge_n nothing_o 2._o that_o i_o believe_v he_o will_v allow_v a_o very_a manifest_a difference_n between_o dream_v of_o be_v in_o a_o fire_n and_o be_v actual_o in_o it_o but_o yet_o if_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o appear_v so_o sceptical_a as_o to_o maintain_v that_o what_o i_o call_v be_v actual_o in_o the_o fire_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o dream_n and_o that_o we_o can_v thereby_o certain_o know_v that_o any_o such_o thing_n as_o fire_n actual_o exist_v without_o we_o i_o answer_v that_o we_o certain_o find_v that_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n follow_v upon_o the_o application_n of_o certain_a object_n to_o we_o who_o existence_n we_o perceive_v or_o dream_n that_o we_o perceive_v by_o our_o sense_n this_o certainty_n be_v as_o great_a as_o our_o happiness_n or_o misery_n beyond_o which_o we_o have_v no_o concernment_n to_o know_v or_o to_o be_v so_o that_o i_o think_v we_o may_v add_v to_o the_o two_o former_a sort_n of_o knowledge_n this_o also_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o particular_a external_a object_n by_o that_o perception_n and_o consciousness_n we_o have_v of_o the_o actual_a entrance_n of_o idea_n from_o they_o and_o allow_v these_o three_o degree_n of_o knowledge_n viz._n intuitive_a demonstrative_a and_o sensitive_a in_o each_o of_o which_o there_o be_v different_a degree_n and_o way_n of_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n §_o 15._o but_o since_o our_o knowledge_n be_v found_v on_o and_o employ_v about_o only_o our_o idea_n will_v it_o not_o follow_v from_o thence_o that_o it_o be_v conformable_a to_o our_o idea_n and_o that_o where_o our_o idea_n be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a or_o obscure_a and_o confuse_a our_o knowledge_n will_v be_v so_o too_o to_o which_o i_o answer_v no_o for_o our_o knowledge_n consist_v in_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n its_o clearness_n or_o obscurity_n consist_v in_o the_o clearness_n or_o obscurity_n of_o that_o perception_n and_o not_o in_o the_o clearness_n or_o obscurity_n of_o the_o idea_n themselves_o v_o g._n a_o man_n that_o have_v as_o clear_a idea_n of_o the_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n and_o of_o equality_n to_o two_o right_a one_o as_o any_o mathematician_n in_o the_o world_n may_v yet_o have_v but_o a_o very_a obscure_a perception_n of_o their_o agreement_n and_o so_o have_v but_o a_o very_a obscure_a knowledge_n of_o it_o but_o obscure_a and_o confuse_a idea_n can_v never_o produce_v any_o clear_a or_o distinct_a knowledge_n because_o as_o far_o as_o any_o idea_n be_v confuse_v or_o obscure_a so_o far_o the_o mind_n can_v never_o perceive_v clear_o whether_o they_o agree_v or_o disagree_v chap._n iii_o of_o the_o extent_n of_o (null)_o knowledge_n §_o 1._o knowledge_n as_o have_v be_v say_v lie_v in_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o of_o our_o idea_n it_o follow_v from_o hence_o that_o first_o we_o can_v have_v knowledge_n no_o far_o than_o we_o have_v idea_n §_o 2._o second_o that_o we_o can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n far_o than_o we_o can_v have_v perception_n of_o that_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n which_o perception_n be_v 1._o either_o by_o intuition_n or_o the_o immediate_a compare_v any_o two_o idea_n or_o 2._o by_o reason_n
examine_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o idea_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o some_o other_o or_o 3._o by_o sensation_n perceive_v the_o existence_n of_o particular_a thing_n hence_o it_o also_o follow_v §_o 3._o three_o that_o we_o can_v have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n that_o shall_v extend_v itself_o to_o all_o our_o idea_n and_o all_o that_o we_o will_v know_v about_o they_o because_o we_o can_v examine_v and_o perceive_v all_o the_o relation_n they_o have_v one_o to_o another_o by_o juxta-position_n or_o a_o immediate_a comparison_n one_o with_o another_o thus_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o obtuse_a and_o a_o acute_a angle_a triangle_n both_o draw_v from_o equal_a base_n and_o between_o parallel_n i_o can_v by_o intuitive_a knowledge_n perceive_v the_o one_o not_o to_o be_v the_o other_o but_o can_v that_o way_n know_v whether_o they_o be_v equal_a or_o no_o because_o their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n in_o equality_n can_v never_o be_v perceive_v by_o a_o immediate_a compare_v they_o the_o difference_n of_o figure_n make_v their_o part_n uncapable_a of_o a_o exact_a immediate_a application_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v need_n of_o some_o intervening_a quantity_n to_o measure_v they_o by_o which_o be_v demonstration_n or_o rational_a knowledge_n §_o 4_o four_o it_o follow_v also_o from_o what_o be_v above_o observe_v that_o our_o rational_a knowledge_n can_v reach_v to_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o our_o idea_n because_o between_o two_o different_a idea_n we_o will_v examine_v we_o can_v always_o find_v such_o medium_n as_o we_o can_v connect_v one_o to_o another_o with_o a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o deduction_n and_o wherever_o that_o fail_v we_o come_v short_a of_o knowledge_n and_o demonstration_n §_o 5._o five_o sensitive_a knowledge_n reach_v no_o far_a than_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n actual_o present_a to_o our_o sense_n be_v yet_o much_o narrow_a than_o either_o of_o the_o former_a §_o 6._o from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o extent_n of_o our_o knowledge_n come_v not_o only_o short_a of_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n but_o even_o of_o the_o extent_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n though_o our_o knowledge_n be_v limit_v to_o our_o idea_n and_o can_v exceed_v they_o either_o in_o extent_n or_o perfection_n and_o though_o these_o be_v very_o narrow_a bound_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o extent_n of_o all-being_a and_o far_o short_a of_o what_o we_o may_v just_o imagine_v to_o be_v in_o some_o even_o create_v understanding_n not_o tie_v down_o to_o the_o dull_a and_o narrow_a information_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v from_o some_o few_o and_o not_o very_o acute_a way_n of_o perception_n such_o as_o be_v our_o sense_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v well_o with_o we_o if_o our_o knowledge_n be_v but_o as_o large_a as_o our_o idea_n and_o there_o be_v not_o many_o doubt_n and_o inquiry_n concern_v the_o idea_n we_o have_v whereof_o we_o be_v not_o nor_o i_o believe_v ever_o shall_v be_v in_o this_o world_n resolve_v nevertheless_o i_o do_v not_o yet_o question_v but_o that_o (null)_o knowledge_n under_o the_o present_a circumstance_n of_o our_o being_n and_o constitution_n may_v be_v carry_v much_o far_o than_o it_o hitherto_o have_v be_v if_o man_n will_v sincere_o and_o with_o freedom_n of_o mind_n employ_v all_o that_o industry_n and_o labour_n of_o thought_n in_o improve_n the_o mean_n of_o discover_v truth_n which_o they_o do_v for_o the_o colour_n or_o support_v of_o falsehood_n to_o maintain_v a_o system_n interest_n or_o party_n they_o be_v once_o engage_v in_o but_o yet_o after_o all_o i_o think_v i_o may_v without_o injury_n to_o (null)_o perfection_n be_v confident_a that_o our_o knowledge_n will_v never_o reach_v to_o all_o we_o may_v desire_v to_o know_v concern_v those_o idea_n we_o have_v nor_o be_v able_a to_o surmount_v all_o the_o difficulty_n and_o resolve_v all_o the_o question_n may_v arise_v concern_v any_o of_o they_o we_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o square_a a_o circle_n and_o equality_n and_o yet_o perhaps_o shall_v never_o be_v able_a to_o find_v a_o circle_n equal_a to_o a_o square_a and_o certain_o know_v that_o it_o be_v so_o we_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o matter_n and_o think_v but_o possible_o shall_v never_o be_v able_a to_o know_v whether_o matter_n think_v or_o no_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o we_o by_o the_o contemplation_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n without_o revelation_n to_o discover_v whether_o omnipotency_n have_v give_v to_o matter_n fit_o dispose_v a_o power_n to_o perceive_v and_o think_v or_o else_o join_v and_o fix_v to_o matter_n so_o dispose_v a_o think_v immaterial_a substance_n it_o be_v equal_o easy_a in_o respect_n of_o our_o notion_n to_o conceive_v that_o god_n can_v if_o he_o please_v superadd_a to_o our_o idea_n of_o matter_n a_o faculty_n of_o think_v as_o that_o he_o shall_v superadd_a to_o it_o another_o substance_n with_o a_o faculty_n of_o think_v since_o we_o know_v not_o wherein_o think_v consist_v nor_o to_o what_o sort_n of_o substance_n the_o almighty_a have_v be_v please_v to_o give_v that_o power_n which_o can_v be_v in_o any_o create_v be_v but_o mere_o by_o the_o good_a pleasure_n and_o bounty_n of_o the_o creator_n for_o what_o assurance_n of_o knowledge_n can_v any_o one_o have_v that_o certain_a thought_n such_o as_o v_o g._n pleasure_n and_o pain_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o body_n itself_o after_o a_o certain_a manner_n modify_v and_o move_v as_o well_o as_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o a_o immaterial_a substance_n upon_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o body_n motion_n according_a to_o the_o utmost_a reach_n of_o our_o idea_n be_v able_a to_o produce_v nothing_o but_o motion_n so_o that_o when_o we_o allow_v it_o to_o produce_v pleasure_n or_o pain_n or_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o colour_n or_o sound_v we_o be_v fain_o to_o quit_v our_o reason_n go_v beyond_o our_o own_o idea_n and_o attribute_v it_o whole_o to_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o our_o maker_n for_o since_o we_o must_v allow_v he_o have_v annex_v effect_n to_o motion_n which_o we_o can_v no_o way_n conceive_v motion_n able_a to_o produce_v what_o reason_n have_v we_o to_o conclude_v that_o he_o can_v not_o order_v they_o as_o well_o to_o be_v produce_v in_o a_o subject_a we_o can_v conceive_v capable_a of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o subject_a we_o can_v conceive_v the_o motion_n of_o matter_n can_v any_o way_n operate_v upon_o i_o say_v not_o this_o that_o i_o will_v any_o way_n lessen_v the_o belief_n of_o the_o soul_n immateriality_n i_o be_o not_o here_o speak_v of_o probability_n but_o knowledge_n and_o i_o think_v not_o only_o that_o it_o become_v the_o modesty_n of_o philosophy_n not_o to_o pronounce_v magisterial_o where_o we_o want_v that_o evidence_n that_o can_v produce_v knowledge_n but_o also_o that_o it_o be_v of_o use_n to_o we_o to_o discern_v how_o far_o our_o knowledge_n do_v reach_v for_o the_o state_n we_o be_v at_o present_a in_o not_o be_v that_o of_o vision_n we_o must_v in_o many_o thing_n content_v ourselves_o with_o faith_n and_o probability_n and_o in_o the_o present_a question_n about_o the_o immateriality_n of_o the_o soul_n if_o our_o faculty_n can_v arrive_v at_o demonstrative_a certainty_n we_o need_v not_o think_v it_o strange_a all_o the_o great_a end_n of_o morality_n and_o religion_n be_v well_o enough_o secure_v without_o philosophical_a proof_n of_o the_o soul_n immateriality_n since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o who_o make_v we_o at_o first_o begin_v to_o subsist_v here_o sensible_a intelligent_a being_n and_o for_o several_a year_n continue_v we_o in_o such_o a_o state_n can_v and_o will_v restore_v we_o to_o the_o like_a state_n of_o sensibility_n in_o another_o world_n and_o make_v we_o capable_a there_o to_o receive_v the_o retribution_n he_o have_v design_v to_o man_n according_a to_o their_o do_n in_o this_o life_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o argument_n in_o hand_n our_o knowledge_n i_o say_v be_v not_o only_o limit_v to_o the_o paucity_n and_o imperfection_n of_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v and_o which_o we_o employ_v it_o about_o but_o even_o come_v short_a of_o that_o too_o but_o how_o far_o it_o reach_v let_v we_o now_o inquire_v §_o 7._o the_o affirmation_n or_o negation_n we_o make_v concern_v the_o idea_n we_o have_v may_v as_o i_o have_v before_o intimate_v in_o general_a be_v reduce_v to_o these_o four_o sort_n viz._n identity_n coexistence_n relation_n and_o real_a existence_n i_o shall_v examine_v how_o far_o our_o knowledge_n extend_v in_o each_o of_o these_o §_o 8._o first_o as_o to_o identity_n and_o diversity_n in_o this_o way_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o idea_n our_o intuitive_a knowledge_n be_v as_o far_o extend_v as_o our_o idea_n themselves_o and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o idea_n
in_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o do_v not_o present_o by_o a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n perceive_v to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v and_o to_o be_v different_a from_o any_o other_o §_o 9_o second_o as_o to_o the_o second_o sort_n which_o be_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o idea_n in_o coexistence_n in_o this_o our_o knowledge_n be_v very_o short_a though_o in_o this_o consist_v the_o great_a and_o most_o material_a part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n concern_v substance_n for_o our_o idea_n of_o the_o species_n of_o substance_n be_v as_o i_o have_v show_v nothing_o but_o certain_a collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n unite_v in_o one_o subject_n and_o so_o co-existing_a together_o v_o g._n our_o idea_n of_o flame_n be_v a_o body_n hot_a luminous_a and_o move_v upward_o of_o gold_n a_o body_n heavy_a to_o a_o certain_a degree_n yellow_a malleable_a and_o susible_a for_o these_o or_o some_o such_o complex_fw-la idea_n as_o these_o in_o man_n mind_n do_v these_o two_o name_n of_o different_a substance_n flame_n and_o gold_n stand_v for_o when_o we_o will_v know_v any_o thing_n far_o concern_v these_o or_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o substance_n what_o do_v we_o inquire_v but_o what_o other_o quality_n or_o power_n these_o substance_n have_v or_o have_v not_o which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o know_v whether_o simple_a idea_n do_v or_o do_v not_o co-exist_a with_o those_o that_o make_v up_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n §_o 10._o this_o how_o weighty_a and_o considerable_a a_o part_n soever_o of_o (null)_o science_n be_v yet_o very_o narrow_a and_o scarce_o any_o at_o all_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v that_o the_o simple_a idea_n whereof_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n be_v make_v up_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o as_o carry_v with_o they_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n no_o visible_a necessary_a connexion_n or_o inconsistency_n with_o any_o other_o simple_a idea_n who_o coexistence_n with_o they_o we_o will_v inform_v ourselves_o about_o §_o 11._o the_o idea_n that_o our_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o substance_n be_v make_v up_o of_o and_o about_o which_o our_o knowledge_n concern_v substance_n be_v most_o employ_v be_v those_o of_o their_o secondary_a quality_n which_o depend_v all_o as_o have_v be_v show_v upon_o the_o primary_n quality_n of_o their_o minute_n and_o insensible_a part_n or_o if_o not_o upon_o they_o upon_o something_o yet_o more_o remote_a from_o our_o comprehension_n it_o be_v impossible_a we_o shall_v know_v which_o have_v a_o necessary_a union_n or_o inconsistency_n one_o with_o another_o for_o not_o know_v the_o root_n they_o spring_v from_o not_o know_v what_o size_n figure_n and_o texture_n of_o part_n they_o be_v on_o which_o depend_v and_o from_o which_o result_n those_o quality_n which_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n it_o be_v impossible_a we_o shall_v know_v what_o other_o quality_n result_v from_o the_o same_o constitution_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o gold_n and_o so_o consequent_o must_v always_o co-exist_a with_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n we_o have_v of_o it_o or_o else_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o it_o §_o 12._o beside_o this_o ignorance_n of_o the_o primary_n quality_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o body_n on_o which_o depend_v all_o their_o secundary_a quality_n there_o be_v yet_o another_o and_o more_o incurable_a part_n of_o ignorance_n which_o set_v we_o more_o remote_a from_o a_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o coexistence_n or_o inco-existence_n if_o i_o may_v so_o say_v of_o different_a idea_n in_o the_o same_o subject_a and_o that_o be_v that_o there_o be_v no_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o any_o secundary_a quality_n and_o those_o primary_n quality_n that_o it_o depend_v on_o §_o 13._o that_o the_o size_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o one_o body_n shall_v cause_v a_o change_n in_o the_o size_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o another_o body_n be_v not_o beyond_o our_o conception_n the_o separation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o one_o body_n upon_o the_o intrusion_n of_o another_o and_o the_o change_n from_o rest_n to_o motion_n upon_o impulse_n these_o and_o the_o like_a seem_v to_o we_o to_o have_v some_o connexion_n one_o with_o another_o and_o if_o we_o know_v these_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n we_o may_v have_v reason_n to_o hope_n we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o know_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o of_o these_o operation_n of_o they_o one_o upon_o another_o but_o our_o mind_n not_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v any_o connexion_n betwixt_o these_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n and_o the_o sensation_n that_o be_v produce_v in_o we_o by_o they_o we_o can_v never_o be_v able_a to_o establish_v certain_a and_o undoubted_a rule_n of_o the_o consequence_n or_o coexistence_n of_o any_o secundary_a qulity_n though_o we_o can_v discover_v the_o size_n figure_n or_o motion_n of_o those_o insible_a part_n which_o immediate_o produce_v they_o we_o be_v so_o far_o from_o know_v what_o figure_n size_n or_o motion_n of_o part_n produce_v a_o yellow_a colour_n a_o sweet_a taste_n or_o a_o sharp_a sound_n that_o we_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n conceive_v how_o any_o size_n figure_n or_o motion_n of_o any_o particle_n can_v possible_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o any_o colour_n taste_v or_o sound_v whatsoever_o there_o be_v no_o conceivable_a connexion_n betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o §_o 14._o in_o vain_a therefore_o shall_v we_o endeavour_v to_o discover_v by_o our_o idea_n the_o only_a true_a way_n of_o certain_a and_o universal_a knowledge_n what_o other_o idea_n be_v to_o be_v find_v constant_o join_v with_o that_o of_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o any_o substance_n since_o we_o neither_o know_v the_o real_a constitution_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n on_o which_o their_o quality_n do_v depend_v nor_o do_v we_o know_v they_o can_v we_o discover_v any_o necessary_a connexion_n between_o they_o and_o any_o of_o the_o secundary_a quality_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v do_v before_o we_o can_v certain_o know_v their_o necessary_a coexistence_n so_o that_o let_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o any_o species_n of_o substance_n be_v what_o it_o will_v we_o can_v hardly_o from_o the_o simple_a idea_n contain_v in_o it_o certain_o determine_v the_o necessary_a coexistence_n of_o any_o other_o quality_n whatsoever_o our_o knowledge_n in_o all_o these_o inquiry_n reach_v very_o little_o far_o than_o our_o experience_n indeed_o some_o few_o of_o the_o primary_n quality_n have_v a_o necessary_a dependence_n and_o visible_a connexion_n one_o with_o another_o as_o figure_n necessary_o suppose_v extension_n receive_v or_o communicate_v motion_n by_o impulse_n suppose_v solidity_n but_o though_o these_o and_o perhaps_o some_o other_o of_o our_o idea_n have_v yet_o there_o be_v some_o few_o of_o they_o that_o have_v a_o visible_a connexion_n one_o with_o another_o that_o we_o can_v by_o intuition_n or_o demonstration_n discover_v the_o coexistence_n of_o very_a few_o of_o the_o quality_n be_v to_o be_v find_v unite_v in_o substance_n and_o we_o be_v leave_v only_o to_o the_o assistence_n of_o our_o sense_n to_o make_v know_v to_o we_o what_o quality_n they_o contain_v for_o all_o the_o quality_n that_o be_v co-existent_a in_o any_o subject_a without_o this_o dependence_n and_o evident_a connexion_n of_o their_o idea_n one_o with_o another_o we_o can_v know_v certain_o to_o co-exist_a any_o far_o than_o experience_n by_o our_o sense_n inform_v we_o thus_o though_o we_o see_v the_o yellow_a colour_n and_o upon_o trial_n find_v the_o weight_n malleableness_n fusibility_n and_o fixedness_n that_o be_v unite_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o gold_n yet_o because_o no_o one_o of_o these_o idea_n have_v any_o evident_a dependence_n or_o necessary_a connexion_n with_o the_o other_o we_o can_v certain_o know_v that_o where_o any_o four_o of_o these_o be_v the_o five_o will_v be_v there_o also_o how_o high_o probable_a soever_o it_o may_v be_v because_o the_o high_a probability_n amount_v not_o to_o certainty_n without_o which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o true_a knowledge_n for_o this_o coexistence_n can_v be_v no_o far_o know_v than_o it_o be_v perceive_v and_o it_o can_v be_v perceive_v but_o either_o in_o particular_a subject_n by_o the_o observation_n of_o our_o sense_n or_o in_o general_a by_o the_o necessary_a connexion_n of_o the_o idea_n themselves_o §_o 15._o as_o to_o incompatibility_n or_o repugnancy_n to_o coexistence_n we_o may_v know_v that_o any_o subject_a can_v have_v of_o each_o sort_n of_o primary_n quality_n but_o one_o particular_a at_o once_o v_o g._n each_o particular_a extension_n figure_n number_n of_o part_n motion_n exclude_v all_o other_o of_o each_o kind_n the_o like_a also_o be_v certain_a of_o all_o sensible_a idea_n peculiar_a to_o each_o sense_n for_o whatever_o of_o each_o kind_n be_v present_a in_o any_o subject_a exclude_v all_o other_o of_o that_o sort_n v_o g._n no_o one_o subject_n can_v
have_v two_o smell_v or_o two_o colour_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o this_o perhaps_o will_v be_v say_v have_v not_o a_o opal_n or_o the_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nepbriticum_fw-la two_o colour_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o these_o body_n to_o eye_n different_o place_v may_v at_o the_o same_o time_n afford_v different_a colour_n but_o i_o take_v liberty_n also_o to_o say_v that_o to_o eye_n different_o place_v it_o be_v different_a part_n of_o the_o object_n that_o reflect_v the_o particle_n of_o light_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o part_n of_o the_o object_n and_o so_o not_o the_o very_a same_o subject_a which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n appear_v both_o yellow_a and_o azure_a for_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a that_o the_o very_a same_o particle_n of_o any_o body_n shall_v at_o the_o same_o time_n different_o modify_v or_o reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n as_o that_o it_o shall_v have_v two_o different_a figure_n and_o texture_n at_o the_o same_o time_n §_o 16._o but_o as_o to_o the_o power_n of_o substance_n to_o change_v the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o other_o body_n which_o make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o inquiry_n about_o they_o and_o be_v no_o inconsiderable_a branch_n of_o our_o knowledge_n i_o doubt_v as_o to_o these_o whether_o our_o knowledge_n reach_v much_o far_a than_o our_o experience_n or_o whether_o we_o can_v come_v to_o the_o discovery_n of_o most_o of_o these_o power_n and_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o be_v in_o any_o subject_n by_o the_o connexion_n with_o any_o of_o those_o idea_n which_o to_o we_o make_v its_o essence_n because_o the_o active_a and_o passive_a power_n of_o body_n and_o their_o way_n of_o operate_a consist_v in_o a_o texture_n and_o motion_n of_o part_n which_o we_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n come_v to_o discover_v it_o be_v but_o in_o very_a few_o case_n we_o can_v be_v able_a to_o perceive_v their_o dependence_n on_o or_o repugnance_n to_o any_o of_o those_o idea_n which_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o that_o sort_n of_o thing_n i_o have_v here_o instance_a in_o the_o corpuscularian_a hypothesis_n as_o that_o which_o be_v think_v to_o go_v far_a in_o a_o intelligible_a explication_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o body_n and_o i_o fear_v the_o weakness_n of_o (null)_o understanding_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o substitute_v another_o which_o will_v afford_v we_o a_o full_a and_o clear_a discovery_n of_o the_o necessary_a connexion_n and_o coexistence_n of_o the_o power_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v unite_v in_o several_a sort_n of_o they_o this_o at_o least_o be_v certain_a that_o which_o ever_o hypothesis_n be_v clear_a and_o true_a for_o of_o that_o it_o be_v not_o my_o business_n to_o determine_v our_o knowledge_n concern_v corporeal_a substance_n will_v be_v very_o little_o advance_v by_o any_o of_o they_o till_o we_o be_v make_v see_v what_o quality_n and_o power_n of_o body_n have_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n or_o repugnancy_n one_o with_o another_o which_o in_o the_o present_a state_n of_o philosophy_n i_o think_v we_o know_v but_o to_o a_o very_a small_a degree_n and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o with_o those_o faculty_n we_o have_v we_o shall_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o carry_v our_o general_a knowledge_n i_o say_v not_o particular_a experience_n in_o this_o part_n much_o far_o §_o 17._o if_o we_o be_v at_o this_o loss_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o power_n and_o operation_n of_o body_n i_o think_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o conclude_v we_o be_v much_o more_o in_o the_o dark_a in_o reference_n to_o spirit_n whereof_o we_o natural_o have_v no_o idea_n but_o what_o we_o draw_v from_o that_o of_o our_o own_o by_o reflect_v on_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o own_o soul_n within_o we_o as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v come_v within_o our_o observation_n but_o how_o inconsiderable_a a_o rank_n the_o spirit_n that_o inhabit_v our_o body_n hold_v among_o those_o various_a and_o possible_o innumerable_a kind_n of_o noble_a being_n and_o how_o far_o short_a they_o come_v of_o the_o endowment_n and_o perfection_n of_o cherubim_n and_o seraphim_n and_o infinite_a sort_n of_o spirit_n above_o we_o we_o have_v in_o another_o place_n make_v some_o reflection_n upon_o §_o 18._o as_o to_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o our_o knowledge_n viz._n the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o of_o our_o idea_n in_o any_o other_o relation_n this_o as_o it_o be_v the_o large_a field_n of_o our_o knowledge_n so_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o determine_v how_o far_o it_o may_v extend_v because_o the_o advances_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o this_o part_n of_o knowledge_n depend_v on_o our_o sagacity_n in_o find_v intermediate_v idea_n that_o may_v show_v the_o relation_n and_o habitude_n of_o idea_n who_o coexistence_n be_v not_o consider_v it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o tell_v when_o we_o be_v at_o a_o end_n of_o such_o discovery_n and_o when_o reason_n have_v all_o the_o help_v it_o be_v capable_a of_o for_o the_o find_n of_o proof_n and_o examine_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o remote_a idea_n they_o that_o be_v ignorant_a of_o algebra_n can_v imagine_v the_o wonder_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o it_o and_o what_o far_a improvement_n and_o help_n advantageous_a to_o other_o part_n of_o knowledge_n the_o sagacious_a mind_n of_o man_n may_v yet_o find_v out_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v this_o at_o least_o i_o believe_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o quantity_n be_v not_o those_o alone_a that_o be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n and_o knowledge_n and_o that_o other_o and_o perhaps_o more_o useful_a part_n of_o contemplation_n will_v afford_v we_o certainty_n if_o vice_n passion_n and_o domineer_a interest_n do_v not_o oppose_v or_o menace_v such_o endeavour_n the_o idea_n of_o a_o supreme_a be_v infinite_a in_o power_n and_o wisdom_n who_o workmanship_n we_o be_v and_o on_o who_o we_o depend_v and_o the_o idea_n of_o ourselves_o as_o understanding_n rational_a creature_n be_v such_o as_o be_v clear_a in_o we_o will_v i_o suppose_v if_o due_o consider_v and_o pursue_v afford_v such_o foundation_n of_o our_o duty_n and_o rule_n of_o action_n as_o may_v place_v morality_n among_o the_o science_n capable_a of_o demonstration_n wherein_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o from_o principle_n as_o incontestable_a as_o those_o of_o the_o mathematics_n by_o necessary_a consequence_n the_o measure_n of_o right_a and_o wrong_n may_v be_v make_v out_o to_o any_o one_o that_o will_v apply_v himself_o with_o the_o same_o indifferency_n and_o attention_n to_o the_o one_o as_o he_o do_v to_o the_o other_o of_o these_o science_n the_o relation_n of_o other_o modes_n may_v certain_o be_v perceive_v as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o number_n and_o extension_n and_o i_o can_v see_v why_o they_o shall_v not_o also_o be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n if_o due_a method_n be_v think_v on_o to_o examine_v or_o pursue_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n where_o there_o be_v no_o propriety_n there_o be_v no_o injustice_n be_v a_o proposition_n as_o certain_a as_o any_o demonstration_n in_o euclid_n for_o the_o idea_n of_o property_n be_v a_o right_a to_o any_o thing_n and_o the_o idea_n to_o which_o the_o name_n injustice_n be_v give_v be_v the_o invasion_n or_o violation_n of_o that_o right_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o these_o idea_n be_v thus_o establish_v and_o these_o name_n annex_v to_o they_o i_o can_v as_o certain_o know_v this_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a as_o that_o a_o triangle_n have_v three_o angle_n equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o again_o no_o government_n allow_v absolute_a liberty_n the_o idea_n of_o government_n be_v the_o establishment_n of_o society_n upon_o certain_a rule_n or_o law_n which_o require_v conformity_n to_o they_o and_o the_o idea_n of_o absolute_a liberty_n be_v for_o any_o one_o to_o do_v whatever_o he_o please_v i_o be_o as_o capable_a of_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n as_o of_o any_o in_o mathematics_n §_o 19_o that_o which_o in_o this_o respect_n have_v give_v the_o advantage_n to_o the_o idea_n of_o quantity_n and_o make_v they_o think_v more_o capable_a of_o certainty_n and_o demonstration_n be_v first_o that_o they_o can_v be_v set_v down_o and_o represent_v by_o sensible_a mark_n which_o have_v a_o great_a and_o near_a correspondence_n with_o they_o than_o any_o word_n or_o sound_n whatsoever_o diagram_n draw_v on_o paper_n be_v copy_n of_o the_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n and_o not_o liable_a to_o the_o uncertainty_n that_o word_n carry_v in_o their_o signification_n a_o angle_n circle_n or_o square_a draw_v in_o line_n lie_v open_a to_o the_o view_n and_o can_v be_v mistake_v it_o remain_v unchangeable_o and_o may_v at_o leisure_n be_v consider_v and_o examine_v and_o the_o demonstration_n be_v revise_v and_o all_o the_o part_n of_o
it_o may_v be_v go_v over_o more_o than_o once_o without_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o least_o change_n in_o the_o idea_n this_o can_v be_v thus_o do_v in_o moral_a idea_n we_o have_v no_o sensible_a mark_n that_o resemble_v they_o whereby_o we_o can_v set_v they_o down_o we_o have_v nothing_o but_o word_n to_o express_v they_o by_o which_o though_o when_o write_v they_o remain_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o may_v change_v in_o the_o same_o man_n and_o it_o be_v very_o seldom_o that_o they_o be_v not_o different_a in_o different_a person_n second_o another_o thing_n that_o make_v the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o ethic_n be_v that_o moral_a idea_n be_v common_o more_o complex_fw-la than_o those_o of_o the_o figure_n ordinary_o consider_v in_o mathematics_n from_o whence_o these_o two_o inconvenience_n follow_v first_o that_o their_o name_n be_v of_o more_o uncertain_a signification_n the_o precise_a collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n they_o stand_v for_o not_o be_v so_o easy_o agree_v on_o and_o so_o the_o sign_n that_o be_v use_v for_o they_o in_o communication_n always_o and_o in_o think_v often_o do_v not_o always_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o same_o idea_n upon_o which_o the_o same_o disorder_n confusion_n and_o error_n follow_v as_o will_v if_o a_o man_n go_v to_o demonstrate_v something_o of_o a_o heptagon_n shall_v in_o the_o diagram_n he_o take_v to_o do_v it_o leave_v out_o one_o of_o the_o angle_n and_o by_o oversight_n make_v the_o figure_n with_o one_o angle_n less_o than_o the_o name_n ordinary_o import_v or_o he_o intend_v it_o shall_v when_o at_o first_o he_o think_v of_o his_o demonstration_n this_o often_o happen_v and_o be_v hardly_o avoidable_o in_o very_a complex_fw-la moral_a idea_n where_o the_o same_o name_n be_v retain_v one_o angle_n i._n e._n one_o simple_a idea_n be_v leave_v out_o or_o put_v in_o in_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o still_o call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n more_o at_o one_o time_n than_o another_o second_o from_o the_o complexedness_n of_o these_o moral_a idea_n there_o follow_v another_o inconvenience_n viz._n that_o the_o mind_n can_v easy_o retain_v those_o precise_a combination_n so_o exact_o and_o perfect_o as_o be_v necessary_a in_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o habitude_n and_o correspondency_n agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o several_a of_o they_o one_o with_o another_o especial_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v of_o by_o long_a deduction_n and_o the_o intervention_n of_o several_a other_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o show_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o remote_a one_o the_o great_a help_n against_o this_o which_o mathematician_n find_v in_o diagram_n and_o figure_n which_o remain_v unalterable_a in_o their_o draught_n be_v very_o apparent_a and_o the_o memory_n will_v often_o have_v great_a difficulty_n otherwise_o to_o retain_v they_o so_o exact_o whilst_o the_o mind_n go_v over_o the_o part_n of_o they_o step_z by_z step_z to_o examine_v their_o several_a correspondency_n and_o though_o in_o cast_v up_o a_o long_a sum_n either_o in_o addition_n multiplication_n or_o division_n every_o part_n be_v only_o a_o progression_n of_o the_o mind_n take_v a_o view_n of_o its_o own_o idea_n and_o consider_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n and_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o question_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o result_n of_o the_o whole_a make_v up_o of_o such_o paticular_o whereof_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o clear_a perception_n yet_o without_o set_v down_o the_o several_a part_n by_o mark_n who_o precise_a signification_n be_v know_v and_o by_o mark_n that_o last_o and_o remain_v in_o view_n when_o the_o memory_n have_v let_v they_o go_v it_o will_v be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o carry_v so_o many_o different_a idea_n in_o mind_n without_o confound_v or_o let_v slip_n some_o part_n of_o the_o reckon_a and_o thereby_o make_v all_o our_o reason_n about_o it_o useless_a in_o which_o case_n the_o cipher_n or_o mark_n help_v not_o the_o mind_n at_o all_o to_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n of_o any_o two_o or_o more_o number_n their_o equality_n or_o proportion_n that_o the_o mind_n have_v only_o by_o intuition_n of_o its_o own_o idea_n of_o the_o number_n themselves_o but_o the_o numerical_a character_n be_v help_n to_o the_o memory_n to_o record_v and_o retain_v the_o several_a idea_n about_o which_o the_o demonstration_n be_v make_v whereby_o a_o man_n may_v know_v how_o far_o his_o intuitive_a knowledge_n in_o survey_v several_a of_o the_o particular_n have_v proceed_v that_o so_o he_o may_v without_o confusion_n go_v on_o to_o what_o be_v yet_o unknown_a and_o at_o last_o have_v in_o one_o view_n before_o he_o the_o result_n of_o all_o his_o perception_n and_o reason_n §_o 20_o one_o part_n of_o these_o disadvantage_n in_o moral_a idea_n which_o have_v make_v they_o be_v think_v not_o capable_a of_o demonstration_n may_v in_o a_o good_a measure_n be_v remedy_v by_o definition_n set_v down_o that_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n which_o every_o term_n shall_v stand_v for_o and_o then_o use_v the_o term_n stedy_o and_o constant_o for_o that_o precise_a collection_n and_o what_o method_n algebra_n or_o something_o of_o that_o kind_n may_v hereafter_o suggest_v to_o remove_v the_o other_o difficulty_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o foretell_v confident_a i_o be_o that_o if_o man_n will_v in_o the_o same_o method_n and_o with_o the_o same_o indifferency_n search_v after_o moral_a as_o they_o do_v mathematical_a truth_n they_o will_v find_v they_o to_o have_v a_o strong_a connexion_n one_o with_o another_o and_o a_o more_o necessary_a consequence_n from_o our_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n and_o to_o come_v near_a perfect_a demonstration_n than_o be_v common_o imagine_v but_o much_o of_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v whilst_o the_o desire_n of_o esteem_n riches_n or_o power_n make_v man_n espouse_v the_o well_o endow_v opinion_n in_o fashion_n and_o then_o seek_v argument_n either_o to_o make_v good_a their_o beauty_n or_o varnish_v over_o and_o cover_v their_o deformity_n nothing_o be_v so_o beautiful_a to_o the_o eye_n as_o truth_n be_v to_o the_o mind_n nothing_o so_o deform_v and_o irreconcilable_a to_o the_o understanding_n as_o a_o lye_n for_o though_o many_o a_o man_n can_v with_o satisfaction_n enough_o own_o he_o no_o very_o handsome_a wife_n in_o his_o bosom_n yet_o who_o be_v bold_a enough_o open_o to_o avow_v that_o he_o have_v espouse_v a_o falsehood_n and_o receive_v into_o his_o breast_n so_o ugly_a a_o thing_n as_o a_o lie_n whilst_o the_o party_n of_o man_n i_o say_v cram_v their_o tenant_n down_o all_o man_n throat_n who_o they_o can_v get_v into_o their_o power_n without_o permit_v they_o to_o examine_v their_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n and_o will_v not_o let_v truth_n have_v fair_a play_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o man_n the_o liberty_n to_o search_v after_o it_o what_o improvement_n can_v be_v expect_v of_o this_o kind_n what_o great_a light_n can_v be_v hope_v for_o in_o the_o moral_a science_n the_o subject_a part_n of_o mankind_n in_o most_o place_n might_n instead_o thereof_o with_o egyptian_a bondage_n expect_v egyptian_a darkness_n be_v not_o the_o candle_n of_o the_o lord_n set_v up_o by_o himself_o in_o man_n mind_n which_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o breath_n or_o power_n of_o man_n whole_o to_o extinguish_v §_o 21._o as_o to_o the_o four_o sort_n of_o our_o knowledge_n viz._n of_o the_o real_a actual_a existence_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o we_o have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o existence_n a_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o we_o have_v no_o other_o but_o a_o sensitive_a knowledge_n which_o extend_v not_o beyond_o the_o object_n present_v to_o our_o sense_n §_o 22._o our_o knowledge_n be_v so_o narrow_a as_o i_o have_v show_v it_o will_v perhaps_o give_v we_o some_o light_n into_o the_o present_a state_n of_o our_o mind_n if_o we_o look_v a_o little_a into_o the_o dark_a side_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o our_o ignorance_n which_o be_v infinite_o large_a than_o our_o knowledge_n may_v serve_v much_o to_o the_o quiet_v of_o dispute_n and_o improvement_n of_o useful_a knowledge_n if_o discover_v how_o far_o we_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n we_o confine_v our_o thought_n within_o the_o contemplation_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o understanding_n and_o launch_v not_o out_o into_o that_o abyss_n of_o darkness_n where_o we_o have_v not_o eye_n to_o see_v nor_o faculty_n to_o perceive_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o a_o presumption_n that_o nothing_o be_v beyond_o our_o comprehension_n but_o to_o be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o folly_n of_o such_o a_o conceit_n we_o need_v not_o go_v far_o he_o that_o know_v any_o thing_n know_v this_o in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o he_o need_v
know_v if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o all_o knowledge_n lie_v only_o in_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n the_o vision_n of_o a_o enthusiast_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o a_o sober_a man_n will_v be_v equal_o certain_a it_o be_v no_o matter_n how_o thing_n be_v so_o a_o man_n observe_v but_o the_o agreement_n of_o his_o own_o imagination_n and_o talk_v conformable_o it_o be_v all_o truth_n all_o certainty_n such_o castle_n in_o the_o air_n will_v be_v as_o strong_a hold_v of_o truth_n as_o the_o demonstration_n of_o euclid_n that_o a_o harpy_n be_v not_o a_o centaur_n be_v by_o this_o way_n as_o certain_a knowledge_n and_o as_o much_o a_o truth_n as_o that_o a_o square_n be_v not_o a_o circle_n but_o of_o what_o use_n be_v all_o this_o fine_a knowledge_n of_o man_n own_o imagination_n to_o a_o man_n that_o inquire_v after_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n it_o matter_n not_o what_o man_n fancy_n be_v it_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v only_o to_o be_v prize_v it_o be_v this_o alone_a give_v a_o value_n to_o our_o reason_n and_o preference_n to_o one_o man_n knowledge_n over_o another_o that_o it_o be_v of_o thing_n as_o they_o real_o be_v and_o not_o of_o dream_n and_o fancy_n §_o 2._o to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o our_o knowledge_n of_o our_o idea_n terminate_v in_o they_o and_o reach_v no_o far_o where_o there_o be_v something_o far_o intend_v our_o most_o serious_a thought_n will_v be_v of_o little_o more_o use_n than_o the_o resvery_n of_o a_o crazy_a brain_n and_o the_o truth_n build_v thereon_o of_o no_o more_o weight_n than_o the_o discourse_n of_o a_o man_n who_o see_v thing_n clear_o in_o a_o dream_n and_o with_o great_a assurance_n utter_v they_o but_o i_o hope_v before_o i_o have_v do_v to_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o this_o way_n of_o certainty_n by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n go_v a_o little_a far_o than_o bare_a imagination_n and_o i_o believe_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o all_o the_o certainty_n of_o general_a truth_n a_o man_n have_v lie_v in_o nothing_o else_o §_o 3._o it_o be_v evident_a the_o mind_n know_v not_o thing_n immediate_o but_o only_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o idea_n it_o have_v of_o they_o our_o knowledge_n therefore_o be_v real_a only_o so_o far_o as_o there_o be_v a_o conformity_n between_o our_o idea_n and_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n but_o what_o shall_v be_v here_o the_o criterion_n how_o shall_v the_o mind_n when_o it_o perceive_v nothing_o but_o its_o own_o idea_n know_v that_o they_o agree_v with_o thing_n themselves_o this_o though_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o want_v difficulty_n yet_o i_o think_v there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o idea_n that_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v agree_v with_o thing_n §_o 4._o first_o the_o first_o be_v simple_a idea_n which_o since_o the_o mind_n as_o have_v be_v show_v can_v by_o no_o mean_n make_v to_o itself_o must_v necessary_o be_v the_o product_n of_o thing_n operate_n on_o the_o mind_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n and_o produce_v therein_o those_o perception_n which_o by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o will_n of_o our_o maker_n they_o be_v ordain_v and_o adapt_v to_o from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o simple_a idea_n be_v not_o fiction_n of_o our_o fancy_n but_o the_o natural_a and_o regular_a production_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o real_o operate_n upon_o we_o and_o so_o carry_v with_o they_o all_o the_o conformity_n our_o state_n require_v which_o be_v to_o represent_v thing_n under_o those_o appearance_n they_o be_v fit_v to_o produce_v in_o we_o whereby_o we_o may_v distinguish_v the_o substance_n they_o be_v in_o and_o apply_v they_o to_o our_o uses_n thus_o the_o idea_n of_o whiteness_n or_o bitterness_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n exact_o answer_v that_o power_n which_o be_v in_o any_o body_n to_o produce_v it_o there_o have_v all_o the_o real_a conformity_n it_o can_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v with_o thing_n without_o we_o and_o this_o conformity_n between_o our_o simple_a idea_n and_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n be_v sufficient_a for_o real_a knowledge_n §_o 5._o second_o all_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n except_o those_o of_o substance_n be_v archetype_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v own_o make_v not_o intend_v to_o be_v the_o copy_n of_o any_o thing_n nor_o refer_v to_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n as_o to_o their_o original_n can_v want_v any_o conformity_n necessary_a to_o real_a knowledge_n for_o that_o which_o be_v not_o design_v to_o represent_v any_o thing_n but_o itself_o can_v never_o be_v capable_a of_o a_o wrong_a representation_n nor_o mislead_v we_o from_o the_o true_a apprehension_n of_o any_o thing_n by_o its_o dislikeness_n to_o it_o and_o such_o except_v those_o of_o substance_n be_v all_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o another_o place_n be_v combination_n of_o idea_n which_o the_o mind_n by_o its_o free_a choice_n put_v together_o without_o consider_v any_o connexion_n they_o have_v in_o nature_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o all_o these_o sort_v the_o idea_n themselves_o be_v consider_v as_o the_o archetype_n and_o thing_n no_o otherwise_o regard_v but_o as_o they_o be_v conformable_a to_o they_o so_o that_o we_o can_v but_o be_v infallible_o certain_a that_o all_o the_o knowledge_n we_o attain_v concern_v these_o idea_n be_v real_a and_o reach_n thing_n themselves_o because_o in_o all_o our_o thought_n reason_n and_o discourse_n of_o this_o kind_n we_o intend_v thing_n no_o far_o than_o as_o they_o be_v conformable_a to_o our_o idea_n so_o that_o in_o these_o we_o can_v miss_v of_o a_o certain_a undoubted_a reality_n §_o 6._o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v easy_o grant_v that_o the_o knowledge_n we_o may_v have_v of_o mathematical_a truth_n be_v not_o only_o certain_a but_o real_a knowledge_n not_o idle_a chimaera_n of_o man_n brain_n and_o yet_o if_o we_o will_v consider_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o it_o be_v only_o of_o our_o own_o idea_n the_o mathematician_n consider_v the_o truth_n and_o property_n belong_v to_o a_o rectangle_n or_o circle_n only_o as_o they_o be_v in_o idea_n in_o his_o own_o mind_n for_o it_o be_v possible_a he_o never_o find_v either_o of_o they_o exist_v mathematical_o i._n e._n precise_o true_a in_o his_o life_n but_o yet_o the_o knowledge_n he_o have_v of_o any_o truth_n or_o property_n belong_v to_o a_o circle_n or_o any_o other_o mathematical_a figure_n be_v nevertheless_o true_a and_o certain_a even_o of_o real_a thing_n exist_v because_o real_a thing_n be_v no_o far_o concern_v nor_o intend_v to_o be_v mean_v by_o any_o such_o proposition_n than_o as_o thing_n real_o agree_v to_o those_o archetype_n in_o his_o mind_n be_v it_o true_a of_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o triangle_n that_o its_o three_o angle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o it_o be_v true_a also_o of_o a_o triangle_n wherever_o it_o real_o exist_v what_o ever_o other_o figure_n exist_v that_o be_v not_o exact_o answerable_a to_o that_o idea_n of_o a_o triangle_n in_o his_o mind_n be_v not_o at_o all_o concern_v in_o that_o proposition_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v certain_a all_o his_o knowledge_n concern_v such_o idea_n be_v real_a knowledge_n because_o intend_v thing_n no_o far_a than_o they_o agree_v with_o those_o his_o idea_n he_o be_v sure_o what_o he_o know_v concern_v those_o figure_n when_o they_o have_v bare_o a_o ideal_o existence_n in_o his_o mind_n will_v hold_v true_a of_o they_o also_o when_o they_o have_v a_o real_a existence_n in_o matter_n his_o consideration_n be_v bare_o of_o those_o figure_n which_o be_v the_o same_o wherever_o or_o however_o they_o exist_v §_o 7._o and_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o moral_a knowledge_n be_v as_o capable_a of_o real_a certainty_n as_o mathematics_n for_o certainty_n be_v but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o idea_n and_o demonstration_n nothing_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o such_o agreement_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o other_o idea_n or_o medium_n our_o moral_a idea_n as_o well_o as_o mathematical_a be_v archetype_n themselves_o and_o so_o adequate_a and_o complete_a idea_n all_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n we_o shall_v find_v in_o they_o will_v produce_v real_a knowledge_n as_o well_o as_o in_o mathematical_a figure_n §_o 8._o that_o which_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v our_o knowledge_n certain_a be_v the_o clearness_n of_o our_o idea_n and_o that_o which_o be_v require_v to_o make_v it_o reâ—l_v be_v that_o they_o answer_v their_o archetype_n nor_o let_v it_o be_v wonder_v that_o i_o place_v the_o certainty_n of_o our_o knowledge_n in_o the_o consideration_n of_o our_o idea_n with_o so_o little_a care_n and_o regard_v as_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o
wherein_o term_n be_v join_v according_a to_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o without_o regard_v whether_o our_o idea_n be_v such_o as_o real_o have_v or_o be_v capable_a of_o have_v a_o exstence_n in_o nature_n but_o than_o it_o be_v they_o contain_v real_a truth_n when_o these_o sign_n be_v join_v as_o our_o idea_n agree_v and_o when_o our_o idea_n be_v such_o as_o we_o know_v be_v capable_a of_o have_v a_o existence_n in_o nature_n which_o in_o substance_n we_o can_v know_v but_o by_o know_v that_o such_o have_v exi_v §_o 9_o truth_n be_v the_o mark_v down_o in_o word_n the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o idea_n as_o it_o be_v falshood_n be_v the_o mark_v down_o in_o word_n the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o idea_n otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v and_o so_o far_o as_o these_o idea_n thus_o mark_v by_o sound_n agree_v to_o their_o archetype_n so_o far_o only_o be_v the_o truth_n real_a the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o truth_n consist_v in_o know_v what_o idea_n the_o word_n stand_v for_o and_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o those_o idea_n according_a as_o it_o be_v mark_v by_o these_o word_n §_o 10._o but_o because_o word_n be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o great_a conduit_n of_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n and_o that_o in_o convey_v and_o receive_v of_o truth_n and_o common_o in_o reason_v about_o it_o we_o make_v use_v of_o word_n and_o proposition_n i_o shall_v more_o at_o large_a inquire_v wherein_o the_o certainty_n of_o real_a truth_n contain_v in_o proposition_n consist_v and_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o endeavour_v to_o show_v in_o what_o sort_n of_o universal_a proposition_n we_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v certain_a of_o their_o real_a truth_n or_o falshood_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o general_a proposition_n as_o those_o which_o most_o employ_v our_o thought_n and_o exercise_v our_o contemplation_n general_a truth_n be_v most_o look_v after_o by_o the_o mind_n as_o those_o that_o most_o enlarge_v our_o knowledge_n and_o by_o their_o comprehensiveness_n satisfy_v we_o at_o once_o of_o many_o particular_n enlarge_v our_o view_n and_o shorten_v our_o way_n to_o knowledge_n §_o 11._o beside_o truth_n take_v in_o the_o strict_a sense_n beforementioned_a there_o be_v other_o sort_n of_o truth_n as_o 1._o moral_a truth_n which_o be_v speak_v thing_n according_a to_o the_o persuasion_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n though_o the_o proposition_n we_o speak_v agree_v not_o to_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n 2._o metaphysical_a truth_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n conformable_a to_o the_o idea_n to_o which_o we_o have_v annex_v their_o name_n this_o though_o it_o seem_v to_o consist_v in_o the_o very_a being_n of_o thing_n yet_o when_o consider_v a_o little_a near_o will_v appear_v to_o include_v a_o tacit_n proposition_n whereby_o the_o mind_n join_v that_o particular_a thing_n to_o the_o idea_n it_o have_v before_o settle_v with_o a_o name_n to_o it_o but_o these_o consideration_n of_o truth_n either_o have_v be_v before_o take_v notice_n of_o or_o not_o be_v much_o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n it_o may_v suffice_v here_o only_o to_o have_v mention_v they_o chap._n vi_o of_o universal_a proposition_n their_o truth_n and_o certainty_n §_o 1._o though_o the_o examine_n and_o judge_v of_o idea_n by_o themselves_o their_o name_n be_v quite_o lay_v aside_o be_v the_o best_a and_o sure_a way_n to_o clear_a and_o distinct_a knowledge_n yet_o through_o the_o prevail_a custom_n of_o use_v sound_n for_o idea_n i_o think_v it_o be_v very_o seldom_o practise_v and_o every_o one_o may_v observe_v how_o common_a it_o be_v for_o name_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o the_o idea_n themselves_o even_o when_o man_n think_v and_o reason_n within_o their_o own_o breast_n especial_o if_o the_o idea_n be_v very_o complex_fw-la and_o make_v up_o of_o a_o great_a collection_n of_o simple_a one_o this_o make_v the_o consideration_n of_o word_n and_o proposition_n so_o necessary_a a_o part_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o speak_v intelligible_o of_o the_o one_o without_o explain_v the_o other_o §_o 2._o all_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v be_v only_o of_o particular_a or_o general_a truth_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o whatever_o may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o former_a of_o these_o the_o latter_a which_o be_v that_o which_o with_o reason_n be_v most_o seek_v after_o can_v never_o be_v well_o make_v know_v and_o be_v very_o seldom_o apprehend_v but_o as_o conceive_v and_o express_v in_o word_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o out_o of_o our_o way_n in_o the_o examination_n of_o our_o knowledge_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o truth_n and_o certainty_n of_o universal_a proposition_n §_o 3._o but_o that_o we_o may_v not_o be_v mislead_v in_o this_o case_n by_o that_o which_o be_v the_o danger_n everywhere_o i_o mean_v by_o the_o doubtfulness_n of_o term_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o observe_v that_o certainty_n be_v twofold_a certainty_n of_o truth_n and_o certainty_n of_o knowledge_n certainty_n of_o truth_n be_v when_o word_n be_v so_o put_v together_o in_o proposition_n as_o exact_o to_o express_v agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o as_o real_o it_o be_v certainty_n of_o knowledge_n be_v to_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o idea_n as_o express_v in_o any_o proposition_n this_o we_o usual_o call_v know_v or_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o proposition_n §_o 4._o now_o because_o we_o can_v be_v certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o general_a proposition_n unless_o we_o know_v the_o precise_a bound_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o species_n its_o term_n stand_v for_o it_o be_v necessary_a we_o shall_v know_v the_o essence_n of_o each_o species_n which_o be_v that_o which_o constitute_v and_o bound_n it_o this_o in_o all_o simple_a idea_n and_o modes_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o do_v for_o in_o these_o the_o real_a and_o nominal_a essence_n be_v the_o same_o or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o the_o abstract_n idea_n the_o general_a term_n stand_v for_o be_v the_o sole_a essence_n and_o boundary_a that_o be_v or_o can_v be_v suppose_v of_o the_o species_n there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n how_o far_o the_o species_n extend_v or_o what_o thing_n be_v comprehend_v under_o each_o term_n which_o it_o be_v evident_a be_v all_o that_o have_v a_o exact_a conformity_n with_o the_o idea_n it_o stand_v for_o and_o no_o other_o but_o in_o substance_n where_o a_o real_a essence_n distinct_a from_o the_o nominal_a be_v suppose_v to_o constitute_v determine_v and_o bind_v the_o species_n there_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o general_a word_n be_v very_o uncertain_a because_o not_o know_v this_o real_a essence_n we_o can_v know_v what_o be_v or_o be_v not_o of_o that_o species_n and_o consequent_o what_o may_v or_o may_v not_o with_o certainty_n be_v affirm_v of_o it_o and_o thus_o speak_v of_o a_o man_n or_o gold_n or_o any_o other_o species_n of_o natural_a substance_n as_o suppose_v make_v by_o nature_n and_o partake_v of_o that_o real_a essence_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o constitute_v that_o species_n we_o can_v be_v certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o affirmation_n or_o negation_n make_v of_o it_o for_o man_n or_o gold_n take_v in_o this_o sense_n and_o use_v for_o species_n of_o thing_n constitute_v by_o real_a essence_n different_a from_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o speaker_n stand_v for_o we_o know_v not_o what_o and_o the_o extent_n of_o these_o species_n with_o such_o boundary_n be_v so_o unknown_a and_o undetermined_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a with_o any_o certainty_n to_o affirm_v that_o all_o man_n be_v rational_a or_o that_o all_o gold_n be_v yellow_a but_o where_o the_o nominal_a essence_n be_v keep_v to_o as_o the_o boundary_a of_o each_o species_n and_o man_n extend_v the_o application_n of_o any_o general_a term_n no_o far_o than_o to_o the_o particular_a thing_n in_o which_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n it_o stand_v for_o be_v to_o be_v find_v there_o they_o be_v in_o no_o danger_n to_o mistake_v the_o bound_n of_o each_o species_n or_o be_v in_o doubt_n on_o this_o account_n whether_o any_o proposition_n be_v true_a or_o no._n i_o have_v choose_v to_o explain_v this_o uncertainty_n of_o proposition_n in_o this_o scholastic_a way_n and_o have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o term_n of_o essence_n and_o species_n on_o purpose_n to_o show_v the_o absurdity_n and_o inconvenience_n there_o be_v to_o think_v of_o they_o as_o of_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o reality_n than_o bare_o abstract_a idea_n with_o name_n to_o they_o to_o suppose_v that_o the_o species_n of_o thing_n be_v any_o thing_n but_o the_o sort_n of_o they_o under_o general_a name_n according_a as_o they_o
agree_v to_o several_a abstract_n idea_n of_o which_o we_o make_v those_o name_n the_o sign_n be_v to_o confound_v truth_n and_o introduce_v uncertainty_n into_o all_o general_a proposition_n that_o can_v be_v make_v about_o they_o though_o therefore_o these_o thing_n may_v to_o people_n not_o possess_v with_o scholastic_a learning_n be_v perhaps_o treat_v of_o in_o a_o better_a and_o clear_a way_n yet_o those_o wrong_a notion_n of_o essence_n and_o species_n have_v get_v root_n in_o most_o people_n mind_n who_o have_v receive_v any_o tincture_n from_o the_o learning_n which_o have_v prevail_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v to_o be_v discover_v and_o remove_v to_o make_v way_n for_o that_o use_n of_o word_n which_o shall_v convey_v certainty_n with_o it_o §_o 5._o the_o name_n of_o substance_n then_o wheâ—ever_o make_v to_o stand_v for_o species_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v constitute_v by_o real_a essence_n which_o we_o know_v not_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o convey_v certainty_n to_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o general_a proposition_n make_v up_o of_o such_o term_n we_o can_v be_v sure_o §_o 6._o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o name_n of_o substance_n when_o make_v use_v of_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v for_o the_o idea_n man_n have_v in_o their_o mind_n though_o they_o carry_v a_o clear_a and_o determinate_a signification_n with_o they_o will_v not_o yet_o serve_v we_o to_o make_v many_o universal_a proposition_n of_o who_o truth_n we_o can_v be_v certain_a not_o because_o in_o this_o use_n of_o they_o we_o be_v uncertain_a what_o thing_n be_v signify_v by_o they_o but_o because_o the_o complex_fw-la ideas_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v such_o combination_n of_o simple_a one_o as_o carry_v not_o with_o they_o any_o discoverable_a connexion_n or_o repugnancy_n but_o with_o a_o very_a few_o other_o idea_n §_o 7._o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n that_o our_o name_n of_o substance_n proper_o stand_v for_o be_v collection_n of_o such_o quality_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o co-exist_a but_o what_o other_o quality_n necessary_o co-exist_a with_o such_o combination_n we_o can_v certain_o know_v unless_o we_o can_v discover_v their_o natural_a dependence_n which_o in_o their_o primary_n quality_n we_o can_v go_v but_o a_o very_a little_a way_n in_o and_o in_o all_o their_o secundary_a quality_n we_o can_v discover_v no_o connexion_n at_o all_o for_o the_o reason_n mention_v chap._n 3._o viz._n 1._o because_o we_o know_v not_o the_o real_a constitution_n of_o substance_n on_o which_o each_o secundary_a quality_n particular_o depend_v 2._o do_v we_o know_v that_o it_o will_v serve_v we_o only_o for_o experimental_a not_o universal_a knowledge_n and_o reach_v with_o certainty_n no_o far_o than_o that_o bare_a instance_n because_o our_o understanding_n can_v discover_v no_o conceivable_a connexion_n between_o any_o secundary_a quality_n and_o any_o modification_n whatsoever_o of_o any_o of_o the_o primary_n one_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v very_o few_o general_a proposition_n to_o be_v make_v concern_v substance_n which_o can_v carry_v with_o they_o undoubted_a certainty_n §_o 8._o all_o gold_n be_v fix_v be_v a_o proposition_n who_o truth_n we_o can_v be_v certain_a of_o how_o universal_o soever_o it_o be_v believe_v for_o if_o according_a to_o the_o useless_a imagination_n of_o the_o school_n any_o one_o suppose_v the_o term_n gold_n to_o stand_v for_o a_o species_n of_o thing_n set_v out_o by_o nature_n by_o a_o real_a essence_n belong_v to_o it_o it_o be_v evident_a he_o know_v not_o what_o particular_a substance_n be_v of_o that_o species_n and_o so_o can_v with_o certainty_n affirm_v any_o thing_n universal_o of_o gold_n but_o if_o he_o make_v gold_n stand_v for_o a_o species_n determine_v by_o its_o nominal_a essence_n let_v the_o nominal_a essence_n for_o example_n be_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o body_n of_o a_o certain_a yellow_a colour_n malleable_a susible_a and_o heavy_a than_o any_o other_o know_v in_o this_o proper_a use_n of_o the_o word_n gold_n there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n to_o know_v what_o be_v or_o be_v not_o gold_n but_o yet_o no_o other_o quality_n can_v with_o certainty_n be_v universal_o affirm_v or_o deny_v of_o gold_n but_o what_o have_v a_o discoverable_a connexion_n or_o inconsistency_n with_o that_o nominal_a essence_n fixedness_n for_o example_n have_v no_o necessary_a connexion_n that_o we_o can_v discover_v with_o the_o colour_n weight_n or_o any_o other_o simple_a idea_n of_o our_o complex_fw-la one_o or_o with_o the_o whole_a combination_n together_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o we_o shall_v certain_o know_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n that_o all_o gold_n be_v fix_v §_o 9_o as_o there_o be_v no_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o fixedness_n and_o the_o colour_n weight_n and_o other_o simple_a idea_n of_o that_o nominal_a essence_n of_o goldâ—_n â—_z so_o if_o we_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n a_o body_n yellow_a fusible_a ductile_a weighty_a and_o fix_v we_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o same_o uncertainty_n concern_v solubility_n in_o aq._n regius_fw-la and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n since_o we_o can_v never_o from_o consideration_n of_o the_o idea_n themselves_o with_o certainty_n affirm_v or_o deny_v of_o a_o body_n who_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v make_v up_o of_o yellow_a very_o weighty_a ductile_a fusible_a and_o fix_v that_o it_o be_v soluble_a in_o aq._n regius_fw-la and_o so_o on_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o quality_n i_o will_v glad_o meet_v with_o one_o general_a affirmation_n concern_v any_o quality_n of_o gold_n that_o any_o one_o can_v certain_o know_v be_v true_a it_o will_v no_o doubt_n be_v present_o object_v be_v not_o this_o a_o universal_a certain_a proposition_n all_o gold_n be_v malleableâ—_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v it_o be_v a_o very_a certain_a proposition_n if_o malleableness_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n the_o word_n gold_n stand_v for_o but_o then_o here_o be_v nothing_o affirm_v of_o gold_n but_o that_o that_o sound_v stand_v for_o a_o idea_n in_o which_o malleableness_n be_v contain_v and_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o truth_n and_o certainty_n as_o this_o it_o be_v to_o say_v a_o centaur_n be_v fourfooted_a but_o if_o malleableness_n make_v not_o a_o part_n of_o the_o specific_a essence_n the_o name_n gold_n stand_v for_o it_o be_v plain_a all_o gold_n be_v malleable_a be_v not_o a_o certain_a proposition_n because_o let_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n be_v make_v up_o of_o whichsoever_o of_o its_o other_o quality_n you_o please_v malleableness_n will_v not_o appear_v to_o depend_v on_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n nor_o follow_v from_o any_o simple_a one_o contain_v in_o it_o the_o connexion_n that_o malleableness_n have_v if_o it_o have_v any_o with_o those_o other_o quality_n be_v only_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o real_a constitution_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n which_o since_o we_o know_v not_o it_o be_v impossible_a we_o shall_v perceive_v that_o connexion_n unless_o we_o can_v discover_v that_o which_o tie_v they_o together_o §_o 10._o the_o more_o indeed_o of_o these_o co-existing_a quality_n we_o unite_v into_o one_o complex_fw-la idea_n under_o one_o name_n the_o more_o precise_a and_o determinate_a we_o make_v the_o signification_n of_o that_o word_n but_o yet_o never_o make_v it_o more_o capable_a of_o universal_a certainty_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o quality_n not_o contain_v in_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n since_o we_o perceive_v not_o their_o connexion_n or_o dependence_n one_o on_o another_o be_v ignorant_a both_o of_o that_o real_a constitution_n in_o which_o they_o be_v all_o found_v and_o also_o how_o they_o flow_v from_o it_o for_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n concern_v substance_n be_v not_o as_o in_o other_o thing_n bare_o of_o the_o relation_n of_o two_o idea_n that_o may_v exist_v separately_z but_o of_o the_o necessary_a connexion_n and_o coexistence_n of_o several_a distinct_a idea_n in_o the_o same_o subject_a or_o of_o their_o repugnancy_n so_o to_o co-exist_a can_v we_o begin_v at_o the_o other_o end_n and_o discover_v what_o it_o be_v wherein_o that_o colour_n consist_v what_o make_v a_o body_n light_a or_o heavy_a what_o texture_n of_o part_n make_v it_o malleable_a fusible_a and_o fix_v and_o fit_a to_o be_v dissolve_v in_o this_o sort_n of_o liquor_n and_o not_o in_o another_o if_o i_o say_v we_o have_v such_o a_o idea_n as_o this_o of_o body_n and_o can_v perceive_v wherein_o all_o sensible_a quality_n original_o consist_v and_o how_o they_o be_v produce_v we_o may_v frame_v such_o abstract_n idea_n of_o they_o as_o will_v furnish_v we_o with_o matter_n of_o more_o general_a knowledge_n and_o enable_v we_o to_o make_v universal_a proposition_n that_o shall_v carry_v general_a truth_n and_o certainty_n with_o they_o but_o whilst_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o substance_n be_v
that_o safe_o eat_v hemlock_n and_o other_o that_o be_v nourish_v by_o wood_n and_o stone_n but_o as_o long_o as_o we_o want_v idea_n of_o those_o real_a constitution_n of_o animal_n whereon_o these_o and_o the_o like_a quality_n and_o power_n depend_v we_o must_v not_o hope_v to_o reach_v certainty_n in_o universal_a proposition_n concern_v they_o those_o few_o idea_n only_o which_o have_v a_o discernible_a connexion_n with_o our_o nominal_a essence_n or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o can_v afford_v we_o such_o proposition_n but_o these_o be_v so_o few_o and_o of_o so_o little_a moment_n that_o we_o may_v just_o look_v on_o our_o certain_a general_a knowledge_n of_o substance_n as_o almost_o none_o at_o all_o §_o 16._o to_o conclude_v general_n proposition_n of_o what_o kind_n soever_o be_v then_o only_o capable_a of_o certainty_n when_o the_o term_n use_v in_o they_o stand_v for_o such_o idea_n who_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n as_o there_o express_v be_v capable_a to_o be_v discover_v by_o we_o and_o we_o be_v then_o certain_a of_o their_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n when_o we_o perceive_v the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o to_o agree_v or_o not_o agree_v according_a as_o they_o be_v affirm_v or_o deny_v one_o of_o another_o whence_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o general_a certainty_n be_v never_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o our_o idea_n whenever_o we_o go_v to_o seek_v it_o elsewhere_o in_o experiment_n or_o observation_n without_o we_o our_o knowledge_n go_v not_o beyond_o particular_n it_o be_v the_o contemplation_n of_o our_o own_o abstract_n idea_n that_o alone_o be_v able_a to_o afford_v we_o general_a knowledge_n chap._n vii_o of_o maxim_n §_o 1._o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o proposition_n which_o under_o the_o name_n of_o maxim_n and_o axiom_n have_v pass_v for_o principle_n of_o science_n and_o because_o they_o be_v self-evident_a have_v be_v suppose_v innate_a without_o that_o any_o body_n that_o i_o know_v ever_o go_v about_o to_o show_v the_o reason_n and_o foundation_n of_o their_o clearness_n or_o cogency_n it_o may_v however_o be_v worth_a while_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o evidence_n and_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o alone_o and_o also_o examine_v how_o far_o they_o influence_n and_o govern_v our_o other_o knowledge_n §_o 2._o knowledge_n as_o have_v be_v show_v consist_v in_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o idea_n now_o where_o that_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v perceive_v immediate_o by_o itself_o without_o the_o intervention_n or_o help_n of_o any_o other_o there_o our_o knowledge_n be_v self-evident_a this_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v so_o to_o any_o one_o who_o will_v but_o consider_v any_o of_o these_o proposition_n which_o without_o any_o proof_n he_o assent_v to_o at_o first_o sight_n for_o in_o all_o these_o he_o will_v find_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o assent_n be_v from_o that_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n the_o mind_n by_o a_o immediate_a compare_v they_o find_v in_o those_o idea_n answer_v the_o affirmation_n or_o negation_n in_o the_o proposition_n §_o 3._o this_o be_v so_o in_o the_o next_o place_n let_v we_o consider_v whether_o this_o self-evident_a be_v peculiar_a only_o to_o these_o proposition_n which_o be_v receive_v for_o maxim_n and_o have_v the_o dignity_n of_o axiom_n allow_v they_o and_o here_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o several_a other_o truth_n not_o allow_v to_o be_v axiom_n partake_v equal_o with_o they_o in_o this_o self-evidence_n this_o we_o shall_v see_v if_o we_o go_v over_o these_o several_a sort_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o idea_n which_o i_o have_v above_o mention_v viz._n identity_n relation_n coexistence_n and_o real_a existence_n which_o will_v discover_v to_o we_o that_o not_o only_o those_o few_o proposition_n which_o have_v have_v the_o credit_n of_o maxim_n be_v self-evident_a but_o a_o great_a many_o even_o almost_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o other_o proposition_n be_v such_o §_o 4._o for_o first_o the_o immediate_a perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o identity_n be_v found_v in_o the_o mind_n be_v have_v distinct_a idea_n this_o afford_v we_o as_o many_o self-evident_a proposition_n as_o we_o have_v distinct_a idea_n every_o one_o that_o have_v any_o knowledge_n at_o all_o have_v as_o the_o foundation_n of_o it_o various_a and_o distinct_a idea_n and_o it_o be_v the_o first_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n without_o which_o it_o can_v never_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o knowledge_n to_o know_v every_o one_o of_o its_o idea_n by_o itself_o and_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o this_o be_v that_o which_o every_o one_o find_v in_o himself_o that_o the_o idea_n he_o have_v know_v he_o know_v also_o when_o any_o one_o be_v in_o his_o understanding_n and_o what_o it_o be_v and_o when_o more_o than_o one_o be_v there_o he_o know_v they_o distinct_o and_o unconfuse_o one_o from_o another_o which_o always_o be_v so_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o he_o shall_v perceive_v what_o he_o perceive_v he_o can_v never_o be_v in_o doubt_n when_o any_o idea_n be_v in_o his_o mind_n that_o it_o be_v there_o and_o be_v that_o idea_n it_o be_v and_o that_o two_o distinct_a idea_n when_o they_o be_v in_o his_o mind_n be_v there_o and_o be_v not_o one_o and_o the_o same_o idea_n so_o that_o all_o such_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n be_v make_v without_o any_o possibility_n of_o doubt_n uncertainty_n or_o hesitation_n and_o must_v necessary_o be_v assent_v to_o as_o soon_o as_o understand_v that_o be_v as_o soon_o as_o we_o have_v in_o our_o mind_n the_o idea_n clear_a and_o distinct_a which_o the_o term_n in_o the_o proposition_n stand_v for_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o alone_o to_o these_o two_o general_a proposition_n whatsoever_o be_v be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v that_o this_o self-evidence_n belong_v by_o any_o peculiar_a right_n the_o perception_n of_o be_v or_o not_o be_v belong_v no_o more_o no_o these_o vague_n idea_n signify_v by_o the_o term_n whatsoever_o and_o thing_n than_o it_o do_v to_o any_o other_o idea_n the_o mind_n without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o proof_n perceive_v as_o clear_o and_o know_v as_o certain_o that_o the_o idea_n of_o white_a be_v the_o idea_n of_o white_a and_o not_o the_o idea_n of_o blue_n and_o that_o the_o idea_n of_o white_a when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n be_v there_o and_o be_v not_o absent_a and_o so_o a_o triangle_n motion_n a_o man_n or_o any_o other_o idea_n whatsoever_o so_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o identity_n our_o intuitive_a knowledge_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o our_o idea_n and_o so_o we_o be_v capable_a of_o make_v as_o many_o self-evident_a proposition_n as_o we_o have_v name_n for_o distinct_a idea_n and_o i_o appeal_v to_o ever_o one_o be_v own_o mind_n whether_o this_o proposition_n a_o circle_n be_v a_o circle_n be_v not_o as_o self-evident_a a_o proposition_n as_o that_o consist_v of_o more_o general_a term_n whatsoever_o be_v be_v and_o again_o whether_o this_o proposition_n blue_n be_v not_o red_a be_v not_o a_o proposition_n that_o the_o mind_n can_v no_o more_o doubt_n of_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o understand_v the_o word_n than_o it_o do_v of_o that_o axiom_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v and_o so_o of_o all_o the_o like_a §_o 5._o second_o as_o to_o coexistence_n or_o such_o a_o necessary_a connexion_n between_o two_o idea_n that_o in_o the_o subject_a where_o one_o of_o they_o be_v suppose_v there_o the_o other_o must_v necessary_o be_v also_o of_o such_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n as_o this_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o immediate_a perception_n but_o in_o very_a few_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o in_o this_o sort_n we_o have_v but_o very_o little_a intuitive_a knowledge_n nor_o be_v there_o to_o be_v find_v very_o many_o proposition_n that_o be_v self-evident_a though_o some_o there_o be_v v_o g._n the_o idea_n of_o fill_v of_o a_o place_n equal_a to_o the_o content_n of_o its_o superficies_n be_v annex_v to_o our_o idea_n of_o body_n i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o self-evident_a proposition_n that_o two_o body_n can_v be_v in_o the_o same_o place_n §_o 6._o three_o as_o to_o the_o relation_n of_o modes_n mathematician_n have_v frame_v many_o axiom_n concern_v that_o one_o relation_n of_o equality_n as_o equal_v take_v from_o equal_n the_o remainder_n will_v be_v equal_n which_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o kind_n however_o they_o be_v receive_v for_o maxim_n by_o the_o mathematician_n and_o be_v unquestionable_a truth_n yet_o i_o think_v that_o any_o one_o who_o consider_v they_o will_v not_o find_v that_o they_o have_v a_o clear_a self-evidence_n than_o these_o that_o one_o and_o one_o be_v equal_a to_o two_o that_o if_o you_o
take_v from_o the_o five_o finger_n of_o one_o hand_n two_o and_o from_o the_o five_o finger_n of_o the_o other_o hand_n two_o the_o remain_a number_n will_v be_v equal_a these_o and_o a_o thousand_o other_o such_o proposition_n may_v be_v find_v in_o number_n which_o at_o very_a first_o hear_n force_v the_o assent_n and_o carry_v with_o they_o a_o equal_a if_o not_o great_a clearness_n than_o those_o mathematical_a axiom_n §_o 7._o four_o as_o to_o real_a existence_n since_o that_o have_v no_o connexion_n with_o any_o other_o of_o our_o idea_n but_o that_o of_o ourselves_o and_o of_o a_o first_o be_v we_o have_v in_o that_o concern_v the_o real_a existence_n of_o all_o other_o being_n not_o so_o much_o as_o demonstrative_a much_o less_o a_o self-evident_a knowledge_n and_o therefore_o concern_v those_o there_o be_v no_o maxim_n §_o 8._o in_o the_o next_o place_n let_v we_o consider_v what_o influence_n those_o receive_a maxim_n have_v upon_o the_o other_o part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n the_o rule_v establish_v in_o the_o school_n that_o all_o reason_n be_v ex_fw-la praecognitis_fw-la &_o prac_fw-la incessis_fw-la seem_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o other_o knowledge_n in_o these_o maxim_n and_o to_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v praecognita_fw-la whereby_o i_o think_v be_v mean_v these_o two_o thing_n first_o that_o these_o axiom_n be_v those_o truth_n that_o be_v first_o know_v to_o the_o mind_n and_o second_o that_o upon_o they_o the_o other_o part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n depend_v §_o 9_o first_o that_o they_o be_v not_o the_o truth_n first_o know_v to_o the_o mind_n be_v evident_a to_o experience_n who_o perceive_v not_o that_o a_o child_n certain_o know_v that_o a_o stranger_n be_v not_o its_o mother_n that_o its_o sucking-bottle_n be_v not_o the_o rod_n long_o before_o he_o know_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o beâ—_n and_o how_o many_o truth_n be_v there_o about_o number_n which_o it_o be_v obvious_a to_o observe_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v perfect_o acquaint_v with_o and_o ul_o convince_v of_o before_o it_o ever_o think_v on_o these_o general_a maxim_n to_o which_o mathematician_n in_o their_o arguing_n do_v sometime_o refer_v they_o whereof_o the_o reason_n be_v very_o plain_a for_o that_o which_o make_v the_o mind_n assent_n to_o such_o proposition_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o perception_n it_o have_v of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o its_o idea_n according_a as_o it_o find_v they_o affirm_v or_o deny_v one_o of_o another_o in_o word_n it_o understand_v and_o every_o idea_n be_v know_v to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v and_o every_o two_o distinct_a idea_n not_o to_o be_v same_o it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o such_o self-evident_a truth_n must_v be_v first_o know_v which_o consist_v of_o idea_n that_o be_v first_o in_o the_o mind_n and_o the_o idea_n first_o in_o the_o mind_n it_o be_v evident_a be_v those_o of_o particuliar_a thing_n from_o whence_o by_o slow_a degree_n the_o understanding_n proceed_v to_o some_o few_o general_a one_o which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o ordinary_a and_o familiar_a object_n of_o sense_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o mind_n with_o general_a name_n to_o they_o thus_o particular_a idea_n be_v first_o receive_v and_o distinguish_v and_o so_o knowledge_n get_v about_o they_o and_o next_o to_o they_o the_o less_o general_a or_o specific_a which_o be_v next_o to_o particular_a for_o abstract_a idea_n be_v not_o so_o obvious_a or_o easy_a to_o child_n or_o the_o yet_o unexercised_a mind_n as_o particular_a one_o if_o they_o seem_v so_o to_o grow_v man_n it_o be_v only_a because_o by_o constant_a and_o familiar_a use_n they_o be_v make_v so_o for_o when_o we_o necely_a reflect_v upon_o they_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o general_a idea_n be_v fiction_n and_o contrivance_n of_o the_o mind_n that_o carry_v difficulty_n with_o they_o and_o do_v not_o so_o easy_o offer_v themselves_o as_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v for_o example_n do_v it_o not_o require_v some_o pain_n and_o skill_n to_o form_v the_o general_a idea_n of_o a_o triangle_n which_o be_v yet_o none_o of_o the_o most_o abstract_a comprehensive_a and_o difficult_a for_o it_o must_v be_v neither_o oblique_a nor_o rectangle_n neither_o equilateral_a equicrural_a nor_o scalenon_fw-mi but_o all_o and_o none_o of_o these_o at_o once_o in_o effect_n it_o be_v something_o imperfect_a that_o can_v exist_v a_o idea_n wherein_o some_o part_n of_o several_a different_a and_o inconsistent_a idea_n be_v put_v together_o it_o be_v true_a the_o mind_n in_o this_o imperfect_a state_n have_v need_n of_o such_o idea_n and_o make_v all_o the_o haste_n to_o they_o it_o can_v for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o communication_n and_o enlargement_n of_o knowledge_n to_o both_o which_o it_o be_v natural_o very_o much_o incline_v but_o yet_o one_o have_v reason_n to_o suspect_v such_o idea_n be_v mark_n of_o our_o imperfection_n at_o least_o this_o be_v enough_o to_o show_v that_o the_o most_o abstract_a and_o general_a idea_n be_v not_o those_o that_o the_o mind_n be_v first_o and_o most_o easy_o acquaint_v with_o nor_o such_o as_o its_o early_a knowledge_n be_v conversant_a about_o §_o 10._o second_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o plain_o follow_v that_o these_o magnify_a maxim_n be_v not_o the_o principle_n and_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o other_o knowledge_n for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o other_o truth_n which_o have_v as_o much_o self-evidence_n as_o they_o and_o a_o great_a many_o that_o we_o know_v before_o they_o it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v be_v the_o principle_n from_o which_o we_o deduce_v all_o other_o truth_n be_v it_o impossible_a to_o know_v that_o one_o and_o two_o be_v equal_a to_o three_o but_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o or_o some_o such_o axiom_n viz._n the_o whole_a be_v equal_a to_o all_o its_o part_n take_v together_o many_o a_o one_o know_v that_o one_o and_o two_o be_v equal_a to_o three_o without_o have_v hear_v or_o think_v on_o that_o or_o any_o other_o axiom_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v and_o know_v it_o as_o certain_o as_o any_o other_o man_n know_v that_o the_o whole_a be_v equal_a to_o all_o its_o part_n or_o any_o other_o maxim_n and_o all_o from_o the_o same_o reason_n of_o self-evidence_n the_o equality_n of_o those_o idea_n be_v as_o visible_a and_o certain_a to_o he_o without_o that_o or_o any_o other_o axiom_n as_o with_o it_o it_o need_v no_o proof_n to_o make_v it_o perceive_v nor_o after_o the_o knowledge_n that_o the_o whole_a be_v equal_a to_o all_o its_o part_n do_v he_o know_v that_o one_o and_o two_o be_v equal_a to_o three_o better_a or_o more_o certain_o than_o he_o do_v before_o for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o odds_o in_o those_o idea_n the_o whole_a and_o part_n be_v more_o obscure_a or_o at_o least_o more_o difficult_a to_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o mind_n than_o those_o of_o one_o two_o and_o three_o and_o indeed_o i_o think_v i_o may_v ask_v these_o man_n who_o will_v needs_o have_v all_o knowledge_n beside_o those_o general_a principle_n themselves_o to_o depend_v on_o general_n innate_a and_o self-evident_a principle_n what_o principle_n be_v requisite_a to_o prove_v that_o one_o and_o one_o be_v two_o that_o two_o and_o two_o be_v four_o that_o three_o time_n two_o be_v six_o which_o be_v know_v without_o any_o proof_n do_v evince_n that_o either_o all_o knowledge_n do_v not_o depend_v on_o certain_a praecognita_fw-la or_o general_a maxim_n call_v principle_n or_o else_o that_o these_o be_v principle_n and_o if_o these_o be_v to_o be_v count_v principle_n a_o great_a part_n of_o numeration_n will_v be_v so_o to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v all_o the_o self-evident_a proposition_n may_v be_v make_v about_o all_o our_o distinct_a idea_n principle_n will_v be_v almost_o infinite_a at_o least_o innumerable_a which_o man_n arrive_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o at_o different_a age_n and_o a_o great_a many_o of_o these_o innate_a principle_n they_o never_o come_v to_o know_v all_o their_o life_n but_o whether_o they_o come_v in_o view_n of_o the_o mind_n early_o or_o late_a this_o be_v true_a of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v all_o know_v by_o their_o native_a evidence_n be_v whole_o independent_a receive_v no_o light_n nor_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o proof_n one_o from_o another_o much_o less_o the_o more_o particular_a from_o the_o more_o general_a or_o the_o more_o simple_a from_o the_o more_o compound_v the_o more_o simple_a and_o less_o abstract_n be_v the_o most_o familiar_a and_o the_o easy_a and_o early_o apprehend_v but_o whichever_o be_v the_o clear_a idea_n the_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n of_o all_o such_o proposition_n be_v in_o this_o that_o a_o man_n see_v the_o same_o idea_n to_o be_v the_o same_o idea_n and_o infallible_o perceive_v two_o
the_o truth_n of_o other_o without_o proof_n which_o be_v as_o self-evident_a as_o these_o and_o upon_o the_o very_a same_o ground_n intuitive_a knowledge_n neither_o require_v nor_o admit_v any_o proof_n one_o part_n of_o it_o more_o than_o another_o he_o that_o will_v suppose_v it_o do_v take_v away_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n and_o he_o that_o need_v any_o proof_n to_o make_v he_o certain_a and_o give_v his_o assent_n to_o this_o proposition_n that_o two_o be_v equal_a to_o two_o will_v also_o have_v need_n of_o a_o proof_n to_o make_v he_o admit_v that_o what_o be_v be_v he_o that_o need_v a_o probation_n to_o convince_v he_o that_o two_o be_v not_o three_o that_o white_a be_v not_o black_a that_o a_o triangle_n be_v not_o a_o circle_n etc._n etc._n or_o any_o other_o two_o clear_a distinct_a idea_n be_v not_o one_o and_o the_o same_o will_v need_v also_o a_o demonstration_n to_o convince_v he_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v §_o 20._o and_o as_o these_o maxim_n be_v of_o little_a use_n where_o we_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n so_o they_o be_v as_o i_o have_v show_v of_o dangerous_a use_n where_o our_o idea_n be_v not_o clear_a and_o distinct_a and_o where_o we_o use_v word_n that_o be_v not_o annex_v to_o clear_v and_o distinct_a idea_n but_o to_o such_o as_o be_v of_o a_o loose_a and_o wander_a signification_n sometime_o stand_v for_o one_o and_o sometime_o for_o another_o idea_n from_o which_o follow_v mistake_v and_o error_n which_o these_o maxim_n bring_v as_o proof_n to_o establish_v proposition_n wherein_o the_o term_n stand_v for_o confuse_a or_o uncertain_a idea_n do_v by_o their_o authority_n confirm_v and_o rivet_v chap._n viii_o of_o trifle_a proposition_n §_o 1._o whether_o the_o maxim_n treat_v of_o in_o the_o foregoing_a chapter_n be_v of_o that_o use_n to_o real_a knowledge_n as_o be_v general_o suppose_v i_o leave_v to_o be_v consider_v this_o i_o think_v may_v confident_o be_v affirm_v that_o there_o be_v universal_a proposition_n that_o though_o they_o be_v certain_o true_a yet_o they_o add_v no_o light_n to_o our_o understanding_n bring_v no_o increase_n to_o our_o knowledge_n such_o be_v §_o 2._o first_o all_o pure_o identical_a proposition_n these_o obvious_o and_o at_o first_o blush_n appear_v to_o contain_v no_o instruction_n in_o they_o for_o when_o we_o affirm_v the_o same_o term_n of_o itself_o whether_o it_o be_v bare_o verbal_a or_o whether_o it_o contain_v any_o clear_a and_o real_a idea_n it_o show_v we_o nothing_o but_o what_o we_o must_v certain_o know_v before_o whether_o such_o a_o proposition_n be_v either_o make_v by_o or_o propose_v to_o we_o indeed_o that_o most_o general_a one_o what_o be_v be_v may_v serve_v sometime_o to_o show_v a_o man_n the_o absurdity_n he_o be_v guilty_a of_o when_o by_o circumlocution_n or_o equivocal_a term_n he_o will_v in_o particular_a instance_n deny_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o itself_o because_o no_o body_n will_v so_o open_o bid_v defiance_n to_o common_a sense_n as_o to_o affirm_v visible_a and_o direct_a contradiction_n in_o plain_a word_n or_o if_o he_o do_v a_o man_n be_v excuse_v if_o he_o break_v off_o any_o far_a discourse_n with_o he_o but_o yet_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v that_o neither_o that_o receive_a maxim_n nor_o any_o other_o identical_a proposition_n teach_v we_o any_o thing_n and_o though_o in_o such_o kind_n of_o proposition_n this_o great_a and_o magnify_a maxim_n boast_v to_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o demonstration_n may_v be_v and_o often_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o confirm_v they_o yet_o all_o it_o prove_v amount_n to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o the_o same_o word_n may_v with_o great_a certainty_n be_v affirm_v of_o itself_o without_o any_o doubt_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o such_o proposition_n and_o let_v i_o add_v also_o without_o any_o real_a knowledge_n §_o 3._o for_o at_o this_o rate_n any_o very_a ignorant_a person_n who_o can_v but_o make_v a_o proposition_n and_o know_v what_o he_o mean_v when_o he_o say_v ay_o or_o no_o may_v make_v a_o million_o of_o proposition_n of_o who_o truth_n he_o may_v be_v infallible_o certain_a and_o yet_o not_o know_v one_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n thereby_o v_o g._n what_o be_v a_o soul_n be_v a_o soulâ—_n or_o a_o soul_n be_v a_o soul_n a_o spirit_n be_v a_o spirit_n a_o fetiche_a be_v a_o fetiche_a etc._n etc._n these_o all_o be_v equivalent_a to_o this_o proposition_n viz._n what_o be_v be_v i._n e._n what_o have_v existence_n have_v existence_n or_o who_o have_v a_o soul_n have_v a_o soul_n what_o be_v this_o more_o than_o trifle_v with_o word_n it_o be_v but_o like_o a_o monkey_n shift_v his_o oyster_n from_o one_o hand_n to_o the_o other_o and_o have_v he_o have_v but_o word_n might_n no_o doubt_n have_v say_v oyster_n in_o right_a hand_n be_v subject_a and_o oyster_n in_o left_a hand_n be_v predicate_v and_o so_o may_v have_v make_v a_o 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not_o to_o no_o more_o than_o i_o will_v argue_v with_o pure_a nothing_o or_o endeavour_v to_o convince_v nonentity_n that_o it_o be_v something_o if_o any_o one_o pretend_v to_o be_v so_o sceptical_a as_o to_o deny_v his_o own_o existence_n for_o real_o to_o doubt_v of_o it_o be_v manifest_o impossible_a let_v he_o for_o i_o enjoy_v his_o belove_a happiness_n of_o be_v nothing_o until_o hunger_n or_o some_o other_o pain_n convince_v he_o of_o the_o contrary_n this_o then_o i_o think_v i_o may_v take_v for_o a_o truth_n which_o every_a one_o certain_a knowledge_n assure_v he_o of_o beyond_o the_o liberty_n of_o doubt_v viz._n that_o he_o be_v something_o that_o actual_o exist_v §_o 3._o in_o the_o next_o place_n man_n know_v by_o a_o intuitive_a certainty_n that_o bear_v nothing_o can_v no_o more_o produce_v any_o real_a be_v than_o it_o can_v be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a angle_n if_o a_o man_n know_v not_o that_o nonentity_n or_o the_o absence_n of_o all_o be_v can_v be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a angle_n it_o be_v impossible_a he_o shall_v know_v any_o demonstration_n in_o euclid_n if_o therefore_o we_o know_v there_o be_v some_o real_a be_v and_o that_o nonentity_n can_v produce_v any_o real_a be_v it_o be_v a_o evident_a demonstration_n that_o from_o eternity_n there_o have_v be_v something_o since_o what_o be_v not_o from_o eternity_n have_v a_o beginning_n and_o what_o have_v a_o beginning_n must_v be_v produce_v by_o something_o else_o §_o 4._o next_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o what_o have_v its_o be_v and_o begin_v from_o another_o must_v also_o have_v all_o that_o which_o be_v in_o and_o belong_v to_o its_o be_v from_o another_o too_o all_o the_o power_n it_o have_v must_v be_v owe_v to_o and_o receive_v from_o the_o same_o source_n this_o eternal_a source_n then_o of_o all_o be_v must_v also_o be_v the_o source_n and_o original_a of_o all_o power_n and_o so_o this_o eternal_a be_v must_v be_v also_o the_o most_o powerful_a §_o 5._o again_o a_o man_n find_v in_o himself_o perception_n and_o knowledge_n we_o have_v then_o get_v one_o step_n far_o and_o we_o be_v certain_a now_o that_o there_o be_v not_o only_o some_o be_v but_o some_o know_a intelligent_a be_v in_o the_o world_n there_o be_v a_o time_n then_o when_o there_o be_v no_o know_v be_v and_o when_o knowledge_n begin_v to_o be_v or_o else_o there_o have_v be_v also_o a_o know_v be_v from_o eternity_n if_o it_o be_v say_v there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o no_o be_v have_v any_o knowledge_n when_o that_o eternal_a be_v be_v void_a of_o all_o understanding_n i_o reply_v that_o then_o it_o be_v impossible_a there_o shall_v ever_o have_v be_v any_o knowledge_n it_o be_v as_o impossible_a that_o thing_n whole_o void_a of_o knowledge_n and_o operate_a blind_o and_o without_o any_o perception_n shall_v produce_v a_o know_a be_v as_o it_o be_v impossile_a that_o a_o triangle_n shall_v make_v itself_o three_o angle_n big_a than_o two_o right_a one_o for_o it_o be_v as_o repugnant_a to_o the_o idea_n of_o senseless_a matter_n that_o it_o shall_v put_v into_o itself_o sense_n perception_n and_o knowledge_n as_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o triangle_n that_o it_o shall_v put_v into_o itself_o great_a angle_n than_o two_o right_a one_o §_o 6._o thus_o from_o the_o consideration_n of_o ourselves_o and_o what_o we_o infallible_o find_v in_o our_o own_o constitution_n our_o reason_n lead_v we_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o certain_a and_o evident_a truth_n that_o there_o be_v a_o eternal_a most_o powerful_a and_o most_o know_v be_v which_o whether_o any_o one_o will_v please_v to_o call_v god_n it_o matter_n not_o the_o thing_n be_v evident_a and_o from_o this_o idea_n due_o consider_v will_v easy_o be_v deduce_v all_o those_o other_o attribute_n we_o ought_v to_o ascribe_v to_o this_o eternal_a be_v from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v plain_a to_o i_o we_o have_v a_o more_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n than_o 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establish_v this_o truth_n and_o silence_v atheist_n to_o lay_v the_o whole_a stress_n of_o so_o important_a a_o point_n as_o this_o upon_o that_o sole_a foundation_n and_o take_v some_o man_n have_v that_o idea_n of_o god_n in_o their_o mind_n for_o it_o be_v evident_a some_o man_n have_v none_o and_o some_o worse_a than_o none_o and_o the_o most_o very_a different_a for_o the_o only_a proof_n of_o a_o deity_n and_o out_o of_o a_o over_o fondness_n of_o that_o darling_n invention_n cashier_v or_o at_o least_o endeavour_n to_o invalidate_v all_o other_o argument_n and_o forbid_v we_o to_o hearken_v to_o those_o proof_n as_o be_v weak_a or_o fallacious_a which_o our_o own_o existence_n and_o the_o sensible_a part_n of_o the_o universe_n offer_v so_o clear_o and_o cogent_o to_o our_o thought_n that_o i_o deem_v it_o impossible_a for_o a_o consider_a man_n to_o withstand_v they_o for_o i_o judge_v it_o as_o certain_a and_o clear_v a_o truth_n as_o can_v any_o where_o be_v deliver_v that_o 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any_o one_o so_o unreasonable_a or_o that_o can_v suppose_v so_o manifest_a a_o contradiction_n as_o a_o time_n wherein_o there_o be_v perfect_o nothing_o this_o be_v of_o all_o absurdity_n the_o great_a to_o imagine_v that_o pure_a nothing_o the_o perfect_a negation_n and_o absence_n of_o all_o being_n shall_v ever_o produce_v any_o real_a existence_n it_o be_v then_o unavoidable_a for_o all_o rational_a creature_n to_o conclude_v that_o something_o have_v exi_v from_o eternity_n let_v we_o next_o see_v what_o kind_n of_o thing_n that_o must_v be_v §_o 9_o there_o be_v but_o two_o sort_n of_o being_n in_o the_o world_n that_o man_n know_v or_o conceive_v first_o such_o as_o be_v pure_o material_a without_o sense_n perception_n or_o thought_n as_o the_o clipping_n of_o our_o beard_n and_o pare_n of_o our_o nail_n second_o sensible_a think_v perceive_v being_n such_o as_o we_o find_v ourselves_o to_o be_v which_o if_o you_o please_v we_o will_v hereafter_o call_v cogitative_a and_o incogitative_a being_n which_o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n if_o for_o nothing_o else_o be_v perhaps_o better_a term_n than_o material_a and_o immaterial_a §_o 10._o if_o then_o there_o must_v be_v something_o eternal_a let_v we_o see_v what_o sort_n of_o be_v it_o must_v be_v and_o to_o that_o it_o be_v very_o obvious_a to_o reason_n that_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o cogitative_a be_v for_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a to_o conceive_v that_o ever_o bare_a incogitative_a matter_n shall_v produce_v a_o think_v intelligent_a be_v as_o that_o nothing_o shall_v of_o itself_o produce_v matter_n let_v we_o suppose_v any_o part_n of_o matter_n eternal_a great_a or_o small_a we_o shall_v find_v it_o in_o itself_o able_a to_o produce_v
nothing_o for_o example_n let_v we_o suppose_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o next_o pebble_n we_o meet_v with_o eternal_a close_o unite_v and_o the_o part_n firm_o at_o rest_n together_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o be_v in_o the_o world_n must_v it_o not_o eternal_o remain_v so_o a_o dead_a inactive_a lump_n be_v it_o possible_a to_o conceive_v it_o can_v add_v motion_n to_o itself_o be_v pure_o matter_n or_o produce_v any_o thing_n matter_n then_o by_o its_o own_o strength_n can_v produce_v in_o itself_o so_o much_o as_o motion_n the_o motion_n it_o have_v must_v also_o be_v from_o eternity_n or_o else_o be_v produce_v and_o add_v to_o matter_n by_o some_o other_o be_v more_o powerful_a than_o matter_n matter_n as_o be_v evident_a have_v noâ—_n power_n to_o produce_v motion_n in_o itself_o but_o let_v we_o suppose_v motion_n eternal_a too_o yet_o matter_n incogitative_a matter_n and_o motion_n whatever_o change_v it_o may_v produce_v of_o figure_n and_o bulk_n can_v never_o produce_v 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foot_n diametre_fw-la and_o you_o may_v as_o rational_o expect_v to_o produce_v sense_n thought_n and_o knowledge_n by_o put_v together_o in_o a_o certain_a figure_n and_o motion_n gross_a particle_n of_o matter_n as_o by_o those_o that_o be_v the_o very_o minute_a that_o do_v any_o where_fw-mi exist_v they_o knock_v impel_v and_o resist_v one_o another_o just_a as_o the_o great_a do_v and_o that_o be_v all_o they_o can_v do_v so_o that_o if_o we_o will_v suppose_v nothing_o first_o or_o eternal_a matter_n can_v never_o begin_v to_o be_v if_o we_o suppose_v bare_a matter_n without_o motion_n eternal_a motion_n can_v never_o begin_v to_o be_v if_o we_o suppose_v only_o matter_n and_o motion_n first_o or_o eternal_a thought_n can_v never_o begin_v to_o be_v whatsoever_o therefore_o be_v eternal_a must_v be_v a_o cogitative_a be_v a_o spirit_n whatsoever_o be_v first_o of_o all_o thing_n must_v necessary_o contain_v in_o it_o and_o actual_o have_v at_o least_o all_o the_o perfection_n that_o can_v ever_o after_o exist_v nor_o can_v it_o ever_o give_v to_o another_o any_o perfection_n that_o it_o have_v not_o either_o actual_o in_o itself_o or_o at_o least_o in_o a_o high_a degree_n §_o 11._o if_o therefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o something_o necessary_o must_v exist_v from_o eternity_n it_o be_v also_o as_o evident_a that_o that_o something_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o cogitative_a be_v for_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a that_o incogitative_a matter_n shall_v produce_v a_o cogitative_a be_v as_o that_o nothing_o or_o the_o negation_n of_o all_o be_v shall_v produce_v a_o positive_a be_v or_o matter_n §_o 12._o though_o this_o discovery_n of_o the_o necessary_a existence_n of_o a_o eternal_a mind_n do_v sufficient_o lead_v we_o into_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o god_n since_o it_o will_v hence_o follow_v that_o all_o other_o know_v being_n that_n have_v a_o beginning_n must_v depend_v on_o he_o and_o have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o knowledge_n or_o extent_n of_o power_n than_o what_o he_o give_v they_o and_o therefore_o if_o he_o make_v those_o he_o make_v also_o the_o less-excellent_a piece_n of_o this_o universe_n all_o inanimate_a being_n whereby_o his_o omniscience_n power_n and_o providence_n will_v be_v establish_v and_o all_o his_o other_o attribute_n necessary_o follow_v yet_o to_o clear_v up_o this_o a_o little_a far_o we_o will_v see_v what_o doubt_n can_v be_v raise_v against_o it_o §_o 13._o first_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o though_o it_o be_v as_o clear_a as_o demonstration_n can_v make_v it_o that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o eternal_a be_v and_o that_o be_v must_v also_o be_v know_v yet_o iâ—_n do_v not_o follow_v but_o that_o think_v be_v may_n also_o be_v material_a let_v it_o be_v so_o it_o equal_o still_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god._n for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o eternal_a omniscient_a omnipotent_a be_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n whether_o you_o imagine_v that_o be_v to_o be_v material_a or_o no._n but_o herein_o i_o suppose_v lie_v the_o danger_n and_o deceit_n of_o that_o supposition_n there_o be_v no_o way_n to_o avoid_v the_o demonstration_n that_o there_o be_v a_o eternal_a know_v be_v man_n devote_v to_o matter_n will_v willing_o have_v it_o grant_v that_o this_o know_v be_v be_v material_a and_o then_o let_v slide_v out_o of_o their_o mind_n or_o the_o discourse_n the_o demonstration_n whereby_o a_o eternal_a know_v be_v be_v prove_v necessary_o to_o exist_v will_v argue_v all_o to_o be_v matter_n and_o so_o deny_v a_o god_n that_o be_v a_o eternal_a cogitative_a be_v whereby_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o establish_v that_o they_o destroy_v their_o own_o hypothesis_n for_o if_o there_o can_v be_v in_o their_o opinion_n eternal_a matter_n without_o a_o eternal_a cogitative_a be_v they_o manifest_o separate_v matter_n and_o think_v and_o suppose_v no_o necessary_a connexion_n of_o the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o so_o establish_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o eternal_a spirit_n but_o not_o of_o matter_n since_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v already_o that_o a_o eternal_a cogitative_a be_v be_v unavoidable_o to_o be_v grant_v now_o if_o think_v and_o matter_n may_v be_v separate_v the_o eternal_a existence_n of_o matter_n will_v not_o follow_v from_o the_o eternal_a existence_n of_o a_o cogitative_a be_v and_o they_o suppose_v it_o to_o no_o purpose_n §_o 14._o but_o now_o let_v we_o see_v how_o they_o can_v satisfy_v themselves_o or_o other_o that_o this_o eternal_a think_v be_v be_v material_a first_o i_o will_v ask_v they_o whether_o they_o imagine_v that_o all_o matter_n every_o particle_n of_o matter_n think_v this_o i_o suppose_v they_o will_v scarce_o say_v since_o then_o there_o will_v be_v as_o many_o eternal_a think_v being_n as_o there_o be_v particle_n of_o matter_n and_o so_o a_o infinity_n of_o go_n and_o yet_o if_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v matter_n as_o matter_n that_o be_v every_o particle_n of_o matter_n to_o be_v as_o well_o cogitative_a as_o extend_v they_o will_v have_v as_o hard_o a_o task_n to_o make_v out_o to_o their_o own_o reason_n cogitative_a be_v out_o of_o incogitative_a particle_n as_o a_o extend_a be_v out_o of_o unextended_a part_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v §_o 15._o second_o if_o all_o matter_n do_v not_o think_v i_o next_o ask_v whether_o it_o be_v only_o one_o atom_n that_o do_v so_o this_o have_v as_o many_o absurdity_n as_o the_o other_o for_o then_o this_o atom_n of_o matter_n must_v be_v alone_o eternal_a or_o not_o if_o this_o alone_o be_v eternal_a than_o this_o alone_a by_o its_o powerful_a thought_n or_o will_v make_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o matter_n and_o so_o we_o have_v the_o creation_n of_o matter_n by_o a_o powerful_a thought_n which_o be_v that_o the_o materialist_n stick_v at_o for_o if_o they_o suppose_v one_o single_a think_v atom_n to_o have_v produce_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o matter_n they_o can_v ascribe_v that_o pre-eminency_n to_o it_o upon_o any_o other_o account_n than_o that_o of_o its_o think_v the_o only_o suppose_a difference_n but_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v by_o some_o other_o way_n which_o be_v above_o our_o conception_n it_o must_v be_v still_o creation_n and_o these_o man_n must_v give_v up_o their_o great_a maxim_n exit_fw-la nihilo_fw-la nil_fw-la fit_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o matter_n be_v equal_o eternal_a as_o that_o think_v atom_n it_o will_v be_v to_o say_v any_o thing_n at_o pleasure_n though_o never_o so_o absurd_a for_o to_o suppose_v all_o matter_n eternal_a and_o yet_o one_o small_a particle_n in_o knowledge_n and_o power_n infinite_o above_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v without_o any_o the_o least_o appearance_n of_o reason_n to_o frame_v any_o hypothesis_n every_o particle_n of_o matter_n as_o matter_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o the_o
we_o have_v by_o intuition_n the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n reason_n clear_o make_v know_v to_o we_o as_o have_v be_v show_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o other_o thing_n we_o can_v have_v only_o by_o sensation_n for_o there_o be_v no_o necessary_a connexion_n of_o real_a existence_n with_o any_o idea_n a_o man_n have_v in_o his_o memory_n nor_o of_o any_o other_o existence_n but_o that_o of_o god_n with_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o particular_a man_n no_o particular_a man_n can_v know_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o other_o be_v but_o only_o when_o by_o actual_a operate_n upon_o he_o it_o make_v itself_o perceive_v by_o he_o for_o the_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o our_o mind_n no_o more_o prove_v the_o existence_n of_o that_o thing_n than_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n evidence_n his_o be_v in_o the_o world_n or_o the_o vision_n of_o a_o dream_n make_v thereby_o a_o true_a history_n §_o 2._o it_o be_v therefore_o the_o actual_a receive_n of_o idea_n from_o without_o that_o give_v we_o notice_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o other_o thing_n and_o make_v we_o know_v that_o something_o do_v exist_v at_o that_o time_n without_o we_o which_o cause_v that_o idea_n in_o we_o though_o perhaps_o we_o neither_o know_v nor_o consider_v how_o it_o do_v it_o for_o it_o take_v not_o from_o the_o certainty_n of_o our_o sense_n and_o the_o idea_n we_o receive_v by_o they_o that_o we_o know_v not_o the_o manner_n wherein_o they_o be_v produce_v v_o g._n whilst_o i_o write_v this_o i_o have_v by_o the_o paper_n affect_v my_o eye_n that_o idea_n produce_v in_o my_o mind_n which_o whatever_a object_n cause_v i_o call_v white_a by_o which_o i_o know_v that_o that_o quality_n or_o accident_n i._n e._n who_o appearance_n before_o my_o eye_n always_o cause_v that_o idea_n do_v real_o exist_v and_o have_v a_o be_v without_o i_o and_o of_o this_o the_o great_a assurance_n i_o can_v possible_o have_v and_o to_o which_o my_o faculty_n can_v attain_v be_v the_o testimony_n of_o my_o eye_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a and_o sole_a judge_n of_o this_o thing_n and_o who_o testimony_n i_o have_v reason_n to_o rely_v on_o as_o so_o certain_a that_o i_o can_v no_o more_o doubt_n whilst_o i_o write_v this_o that_o i_o see_v white_n and_o black_a and_o that_o something_o real_o exist_v that_o cause_v that_o sensation_n in_o i_o than_o that_o i_o write_v or_o move_v my_o hand_n which_o be_v a_o certainty_n as_o great_a as_o (null)_o nature_n be_v capable_a of_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o a_o man_n self_n alone_o and_o of_o god._n §_o 3._o the_o notice_n we_o have_v by_o our_o sense_n of_o the_o exi_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o though_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o certain_a as_o our_o intuitive_a knowledge_n or_o the_o deduction_n of_o our_o reason_n employ_v about_o the_o clear_a abstract_n idea_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o assurance_n that_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o knowledge_n if_o we_o persuade_v ourselves_o that_o our_o faculty_n act_v and_o inform_v we_o right_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o those_o objest_n that_o affect_v they_o it_o can_v pass_v for_o a_o ill-grounded_a confidence_n for_o i_o think_v no_o body_n can_v in_o earnest_n be_v so_o sceptical_a as_o to_o be_v uncertain_a of_o the_o existence_n of_o those_o thing_n he_o see_v and_o feel_v at_o least_o he_o that_o can_v doubt_v so_o far_o whatever_o he_o may_v have_v with_o his_o own_o thought_n will_v never_o have_v any_o controversy_n with_o i_o since_o he_o can_v never_o be_v sure_a i_o say_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o his_o opinion_n as_o to_o myself_o i_o think_v god_n have_v give_v i_o assurance_n enough_o of_o thâ—â—â—istence_n of_o thing_n without_o i_o since_o by_o their_o different_a application_n i_o â—an_v produce_v in_o myself_o both_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n which_o be_v one_o great_a concernment_n of_o my_o present_a state_n this_o be_v certain_a the_o confidence_n that_o our_o faculty_n do_v not_o herein_o deceive_v we_o be_v the_o great_a assurance_n we_o be_v capable_a of_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o material_a being_n for_o we_o can_v act_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o our_o faculty_n nor_o talk_v of_o knowledge_n itself_o but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o those_o faculty_n which_o be_v fit_v to_o apprehend_v even_o what_o knowledge_n be_v but_o beside_o the_o assurance_n our_o sense_n themselves_o give_v we_o that_o they_o do_v not_o err_v in_o the_o information_n they_o give_v we_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o when_o they_o be_v affect_v by_o they_o we_o be_v far_o confirm_v in_o this_o assurance_n by_o other_o concurrent_a reason_n §_o 4._o first_o it_o be_v plain_a those_o perception_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o by_o exterior_a cause_n affect_v our_o sense_n because_o those_o that_o want_v the_o organ_n of_o any_o sense_n never_o can_v have_v the_o idea_n belong_v to_o that_o sense_n produce_v in_o their_o mind_n this_o be_v too_o evident_a to_o be_v doubt_v and_o therefore_o we_o can_v but_o be_v assure_v that_o they_o come_v in_o by_o the_o organ_n of_o that_o sense_n and_o no_o other_o way_n the_o organ_n themselves_o it_o be_v plain_a do_v not_o produce_v they_o for_o then_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o man_n in_o the_o dark_a will_v produce_v colour_n and_o his_o nose_n smell_v rose_n in_o the_o winter_n but_o we_o see_v no_o body_n get_v the_o relish_n of_o a_o pineapple_n till_o he_o go_v to_o the_o indies_n where_o it_o be_v and_o taste_v it_o §_o 5._o second_o because_o sometime_o i_o find_v that_o i_o can_v avoid_v the_o have_v those_o idea_n produce_v in_o my_o mind_n for_o though_o when_o my_o eye_n be_v shut_v or_o window_n fast_o i_o can_v at_o pleasure_n recall_n to_o my_o mind_n the_o idea_n of_o light_n or_o the_o sun_n which_o former_a experience_n have_v lodge_v in_o my_o memory_n so_o i_o can_v at_o pleasure_n lay_v by_o that_o idea_n and_o take_v into_o my_o view_n that_o of_o the_o smell_n of_o a_o rose_n or_o taste_v of_o sugar_n but_o if_o i_o turn_v my_o eye_n at_o noon_n towards_o the_o sun_n i_o can_v avoid_v the_o idea_n which_o the_o light_n or_o sun_n then_o produce_v in_o i_o so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a difference_n between_o the_o idea_n lay_v up_o in_o my_o memory_n over_o which_o if_o they_o be_v there_o only_o i_o shall_v have_v constant_o the_o same_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o they_o and_o lay_v they_o by_o at_o pleasure_n and_o those_o which_o force_n themselves_o upon_o i_o and_o i_o can_v avoid_v have_v and_o therefore_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v some_o exterior_a cause_n and_o the_o brisk_a act_n of_o some_o object_n without_o i_o who_o efficacy_n i_o can_v resist_v that_o produce_v those_o idea_n in_o my_o mind_n whether_o i_o will_v or_o no._n beside_o there_o be_v no_o body_n who_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o difference_n in_o himself_o between_o contemplate_v the_o sun_n as_o he_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o it_o in_o his_o memory_n and_o actual_o look_v upon_o it_o of_o which_o two_o his_o perception_n be_v so_o distinct_a that_o sew_v of_o his_o idea_n be_v more_o distinguishable_a one_o from_o another_o and_o therefore_o he_o have_v certain_a knowledge_n that_o they_o be_v not_o both_o memory_n or_o the_o action_n of_o his_o mind_n and_o fancy_n only_o within_o he_o but_o that_o actual_a see_v have_v a_o cause_n without_o §_o 6._o three_o add_v to_o this_o that_o many_o of_o those_o idea_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o with_o pain_n which_o afterward_o we_o remember_v without_o the_o least_o offence_n thus_o the_o pain_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a when_o the_o idea_n of_o it_o be_v revive_v in_o our_o mind_n give_v we_o no_o disturbance_n which_o when_o feel_v be_v very_o troublesome_a and_o be_v again_o when_o actual_o repeatedâ—_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o disorder_n the_o external_a object_n cause_v in_o our_o body_n when_o apply_v to_o it_o and_o we_o remember_v the_o pain_n of_o hunger_n thirst_v or_o the_o headache_n without_o any_o pain_n at_o all_o which_o will_v either_o never_o disturb_v we_o or_o else_o constant_o do_v it_o as_o often_o as_o we_o think_v of_o it_o be_v there_o nothing_o more_o but_o idea_n float_v in_o our_o mind_n and_o appearance_n entertain_v our_o fancy_n without_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n affect_v we_o from_o abroad_o and_o though_o mathematical_a demonstration_n depend_v not_o upon_o sense_n yet_o the_o examine_v they_o by_o diagram_n give_v great_a credit_n to_o the_o evidence_n of_o our_o sight_n and_o seem_v to_o give_v it_o a_o certainty_n approach_v to_o that_o to_o the_o demonstration_n itself_o for_o it_o will_v be_v very_o strange_a that_o a_o man_n shall_v allow_v it_o for_o a_o
world_n but_o perish_v quick_o the_o wholesomeness_n of_o his_o meat_n or_o drink_n will_v be_v scarce_o capable_a of_o certainty_n enough_o to_o give_v he_o reason_n to_o venture_v on_o it_o and_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v what_o it_o be_v he_o can_v do_v upon_o such_o ground_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o no_o doubt_n no_o objection_n §_o 11._o as_o when_o our_o sense_n be_v actual_o employ_v about_o any_o object_n we_o do_v know_v that_o it_o do_v exist_v so_o by_o our_o memory_n we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o heretofore_o thing_n that_o affect_v our_o sense_n have_v exi_v and_o thus_o we_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o past_a existence_n of_o several_a thing_n whereof_o our_o sense_n have_v inform_v we_o our_o memory_n still_o retain_v the_o idea_n and_o of_o this_o we_o be_v pass_v all_o doubt_n so_o long_o as_o we_o remember_v well_o but_o this_o knowledge_n also_o reach_v no_o far_a than_o our_o sense_n have_v former_o assure_v we_o thus_o see_v water_n at_o this_o instant_n it_o be_v a_o unquestionable_a truth_n to_o i_o that_o water_n do_v exist_v and_o remember_v that_o i_o see_v it_o yesterday_o it_o will_v also_o be_v always_o true_a and_o as_o long_o as_o my_o memory_n retain_v it_o always_o a_o undoubted_a proposition_n to_o i_o that_o water_n do_v exist_v 10_o july_n 1688._o as_o it_o will_v also_o be_v equal_o true_a that_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o very_o fine_a colour_n do_v exist_v which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o see_v upon_o a_o bubble_n of_o that_o water_n but_o be_v now_o quite_o out_o of_o the_o sight_n both_o of_o the_o water_n and_o bubble_n too_o it_o be_v no_o more_o certain_o know_v to_o i_o that_o the_o water_n do_v exist_v than_o that_o the_o bubble_n or_o colour_n therein_o it_o be_v no_o more_o necessary_a that_o water_n shall_v exist_v to_o day_n because_o it_o exist_v yesterday_o than_o that_o the_o colour_n or_o bubble_n exist_v to_o day_n because_o they_o exist_v yesterday_o though_o it_o be_v exceed_o much_o more_o probable_a because_o water_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o continue_v long_o in_o existence_n but_o bubble_n and_o the_o colour_n on_o they_o quick_o cease_v to_o be_v §_o 12._o what_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o spirit_n and_o how_o we_o come_v by_o they_o i_o have_v already_o show_v but_o though_o we_o have_v those_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o know_v we_o have_v they_o there_o the_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o spirit_n do_v not_o make_v we_o know_v that_o any_o such_o thing_n do_v exist_v without_o we_o or_o that_o there_o be_v any_o finite_a spirit_n or_o any_o other_o spiritual_a being_n but_o the_o eternal_a god._n we_o have_v ground_n from_o revelation_n and_o several_a other_o reason_n to_o believe_v with_o assurance_n that_o there_o be_v such_o creature_n but_o our_o sense_n not_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v they_o we_o want_v the_o mean_n of_o know_v their_o particular_a existence_n for_o we_o can_v no_o more_o know_v that_o there_o be_v finite_a spirit_n real_o exist_v by_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o such_o being_n in_o our_o mind_n than_o by_o the_o idea_n any_o one_o have_v of_o fairy_n or_o centaur_n he_o can_v come_v to_o know_v that_o thing_n answer_v those_o idea_n do_v real_o exist_v and_o therefore_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o finite_a spirit_n as_o well_o as_o several_a other_o thing_n we_o must_v content_v ourselves_o with_o the_o evidence_n of_o faith_n but_o universal_a certain_a proposition_n concern_v this_o matter_n be_v beyond_o our_o reach_n for_o however_o true_a it_o may_v be_v v_o g._n that_o all_o the_o intelligent_a spirit_n that_o god_n ever_o create_v do_v still_o exist_v yet_o it_o can_v never_o make_v a_o part_n of_o our_o certain_a knowledge_n these_o and_o the_o like_a proposition_n we_o may_v assent_v to_o as_o high_o probable_a but_o be_v not_o i_o fear_v in_o this_o sâ—ate_n capable_a of_o know_v we_o be_v not_o then_o to_o put_v other_o upon_o demonstrate_v nor_o ourselves_o upon_o search_n of_o universal_a certainty_n in_o all_o those_o matter_n wherein_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o any_o other_o knowledge_n but_o what_o our_o sense_n give_v we_o in_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a §_o 13._o by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o proposition_n one_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n answerable_a to_o such_o a_o idea_n as_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o elephant_n phoenix_n motion_n or_o a_o angel_n in_o my_o mind_n the_o first_o and_o natural_a enquiry_n be_v whether_o such_o a_o thing_n do_v any_o where_o exist_v and_o this_o knowledge_n be_v only_o of_o particular_n no_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n without_o we_o but_o only_o of_o god_n can_v certain_o be_v know_v far_a than_o our_o sense_n inform_v we_o there_o be_v another_o fort_n of_o proposition_n wherein_o be_v express_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o abstract_n idea_n and_o their_o dependence_n one_o on_o another_o and_o such_o proposition_n may_v be_v universal_a and_o certain_a so_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o god_n and_o myself_o of_o fear_n and_o obedience_n i_o can_v but_o be_v sure_a that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v and_o obey_v by_o i_o and_o this_o proposition_n will_v be_v certain_a concern_v man_n in_o general_n if_o i_o have_v make_v a_o abstract_n idea_n of_o such_o a_o species_n whereof_o i_o be_o one_o particular_a but_o yet_o this_o proposition_n how_o certain_a soever_o that_o man_n ought_v to_o fear_v and_o obey_v god_n prove_v not_o to_o i_o the_o existence_n of_o man_n in_o the_o world_n but_o will_v be_v true_a of_o all_o such_o creature_n whenever_o they_o do_v exist_v which_o certainty_n of_o such_o general_a proposition_n depend_v on_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v to_o be_v discover_v in_o those_o abstract_n idea_n §_o 14._o in_o the_o former_a case_n our_o knowledge_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n produce_v idea_n in_o our_o mind_n by_o our_o sensesâ—_n in_o the_o latter_a knowledge_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v in_o our_o mind_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v and_o produce_v general_a certain_a proposition_n many_o whereof_o be_v call_v aeterâ—ae_fw-la veritates_fw-la and_o be_v indeed_o so_o not_o from_o be_v write_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n or_o that_o they_o be_v before_o the_o world_n but_o wheresoever_o we_o can_v suppose_v such_o a_o creature_n as_o man_n be_v endow_v with_o such_o faculty_n and_o thereby_o furnish_v with_o such_o idea_n as_o we_o have_v we_o must_v conclude_v he_o must_v needs_o when_o he_o apply_v his_o thought_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o his_o idea_n know_v the_o truth_n of_o certain_a proposition_n that_o will_v arise_v from_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n he_o will_v perceive_v among_o they_o for_o name_n be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v perpetual_o for_o the_o same_o idea_n and_o the_o same_o idea_n have_v immutable_o the_o same_o habitude_n one_o to_o another_o proposition_n concern_v any_o abstract_a idea_n that_o be_v onâ—e_o true_a must_v needs_o be_v eternal_a verity_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n §_o 1._o it_o have_v be_v the_o common_a receive_v opinion_n among_o man_n of_o letter_n that_o maxim_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o that_o the_o science_n be_v each_o of_o they_o build_v upon_o certain_a praecognita_fw-la from_o whence_o the_o understanding_n be_v to_o take_v its_o rise_n and_o by_o which_o it_o be_v to_o conduct_v itself_o in_o its_o inquiry_n into_o the_o matter_n belong_v to_o that_o science_n the_o beat_a road_n of_o the_o school_n have_v be_v to_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o beginning_n one_o or_o more_o general_a proposition_n as_o foundation_n whereon_o to_o build_v the_o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o that_o subject_a these_o doctrine_n thus_o lay_v down_o for_o foundation_n of_o any_o science_n be_v call_v principle_n as_o the_o beginning_n from_o which_o we_o must_v set_v out_o and_o look_v no_o far_o backward_o in_o our_o inquiry_n but_o take_v these_o for_o certain_a and_o unquestionable_a truth_n and_o establish_v principle_n §_o 2._o that_o which_o give_v occasion_n to_o this_o way_n of_o proceed_v in_o other_o science_n be_v as_o i_o suppose_v the_o good_a success_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v in_o mathematics_n wherein_o man_n be_v observe_v to_o attain_v a_o great_a certainty_n of_o knowledge_n these_o science_n come_v by_o pre-eminence_n to_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d learning_n or_o thing_n learn_v thorough_o learn_v as_o have_v of_o all_o other_o the_o great_a certainty_n clearness_n and_o evidence_n in_o they_o §_o 3._o but_o if_o any_o one_o will_v consider_v he_o will_v i_o guess_v find_v that_o the_o great_a advancement_n and_o certainty_n of_o real_a
than_o possible_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v §_o 8._o this_o give_v i_o the_o confidence_n to_o advance_v that_o conjecture_n which_o i_o suggest_v chap._n 3._o viz._n that_o morality_n be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n as_o well_o as_o mathematics_n for_o the_o idea_n that_o ethic_n be_v conversant_a about_o be_v all_o real_a essence_n and_o such_o as_o i_o imagine_v have_v a_o discoverable_a connexion_n and_o agreement_n one_o with_o another_o so_o far_o as_o we_o can_v find_v their_o habitude_n and_o relation_n so_o far_o we_o shall_v be_v possess_v of_o certain_a real_a and_o general_a truth_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o a_o right_a method_n be_v take_v a_o great_a part_n of_o morality_n may_v be_v make_v out_o with_o that_o clearness_n that_o can_v leave_v to_o a_o consider_v man_n no_o more_o reason_n to_o doubt_v than_o he_o can_v have_v to_o doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o proposition_n in_o mathematics_n which_o have_v be_v demonstrate_v to_o he_o §_o 9_o in_o our_o search_n after_o the_o knowledge_n of_o substance_n our_o want_n of_o idea_n that_o be_v suitable_a to_o such_o a_o way_n of_o proceed_v oblige_v we_o to_o a_o quite_o different_a method_n we_o advance_v not_o here_o as_o in_o the_o other_o where_o our_o abstract_n idea_n be_v real_a as_o well_o as_o nominal_a essence_n by_o contemplate_v our_o idea_n and_o consider_v their_o relation_n and_o correspondency_n that_o help_v we_o very_o little_a for_o the_o reason_n that_o in_o another_o place_n we_o have_v at_o large_a show_v by_o which_o i_o think_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o substance_n afford_v matter_n of_o very_a little_a general_a knowledge_n and_o the_o bare_a contemplation_n of_o their_o abstract_n idea_n will_v carry_v we_o but_o a_o very_a little_a way_n in_o the_o search_n of_o truth_n and_o certainty_n what_o then_o be_v we_o to_o do_v for_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n in_o substantial_a being_n here_o we_o be_v to_o take_v a_o quite_o contrary_a course_n the_o want_n of_o idea_n of_o their_o real_a essence_n send_v we_o from_o our_o own_o thought_n from_o contemplate_v and_o draw_v consequence_n from_o our_o own_o idea_n to_o the_o thing_n themselves_o as_o they_o exist_v experience_n must_v teach_v i_o what_o reason_n can_v and_o by_o try_v it_o be_v alone_a that_o i_o can_v certain_o know_v what_o other_o quality_n co-exist_a with_o those_o of_o my_o complex_fw-la idea_n v_o g._n whether_o that_o yellow_a heavy_a fusible_a body_n i_o call_v gold_n be_v malleable_a or_o no_o which_o experience_n which_o way_n ever_o it_o prove_v in_o that_o particular_a body_n i_o examine_v make_v i_o not_o certain_a that_o it_o be_v so_o in_o all_o or_o any_o other_o yellow_a heavy_a fusible_a body_n but_o that_o which_o i_o have_v try_v because_o it_o be_v no_o consequence_n one_o way_n or_o to_o other_o from_o my_o complex_fw-la idea_n the_o necessity_n or_o inconsistence_n of_o malleability_n have_v no_o visible_a connection_n with_o the_o combination_n of_o that_o colour_n weight_n and_o fusibility_n in_o any_o body_n what_o i_o have_v say_v here_o of_o the_o nominal_a essence_n of_o gold_n suppose_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o body_n of_o such_o a_o determinate_a colour_n weight_n and_o fusibility_n will_v hold_v true_a if_o malleableness_n fixedness_n and_o solubility_n in_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la be_v add_v to_o it_o our_o reason_n from_o these_o idea_n will_v carry_v we_o but_o a_o little_a way_n in_o the_o certain_a discovery_n of_o the_o other_o property_n in_o those_o mass_n of_o matter_n wherein_o all_o these_o be_v to_o be_v find_v because_o the_o other_o property_n of_o such_o body_n depend_v not_o on_o these_o but_o on_o that_o unknown_a real_a essence_n on_o which_o these_o also_o depend_v we_o can_v by_v they_o discover_v the_o rest_n we_o can_v go_v no_o far_o than_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o our_o nominal_a essence_n will_v carry_v we_o which_o be_v very_o little_a beyond_o themselves_o and_o so_o afford_v we_o but_o very_o spare_o any_o certain_a universal_a and_o useful_a truth_n for_o upon_o trial_n have_v find_v that_o particular_a piece_n and_o all_o other_o of_o that_o colour_n weight_n and_o fusibility_n that_o i_o ever_o try_v malleable_a that_o also_o make_v now_o perhaps_o a_o part_n of_o my_o complex_fw-la idea_n part_n of_o my_o nominal_a essence_n of_o gold_n whereby_o though_o i_o make_v my_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o which_o i_o affix_v the_o name_n gold_n to_o consist_v to_o more_o simple_a idea_n than_o before_o yet_o still_o it_o not_o contain_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o any_o species_n of_o body_n it_o help_v i_o not_o certain_o to_o know_v i_o say_v to_o know_v perhaps_o it_o may_v to_o conjecture_v the_o other_o remain_a property_n of_o that_o body_n far_o than_o they_o have_v a_o visible_a connection_n with_o some_o or_o all_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v up_o my_o nominal_a essence_n for_o example_n i_o can_v be_v certain_a from_o this_o complex_fw-la idea_n whether_o gold_n be_v fix_v or_o no_o because_o as_o before_o there_o be_v no_o necessary_a connection_n or_o inconsistence_n to_o be_v discover_v betwixt_o a_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o body_n yellow_a heavy_a fusible_a malleable_a betwixt_o these_o i_o say_v and_o fixedness_n so_o that_o i_o may_v certain_o know_v that_o in_o whatsoever_o body_n those_o be_v find_v there_o fixedness_n be_v sure_a to_o be_v here_o again_o for_o assurance_n i_o must_v apply_v myself_o to_o experience_n as_o far_o as_o that_o reach_n i_o may_v have_v certain_a knowledge_n but_o no_o far_o §_o 10._o i_o deny_v not_o but_o a_o man_n accustom_v to_o rational_a and_o regular_a experiment_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o see_v far_o into_o the_o nature_n of_o body_n and_o guess_v right_a at_o their_o yet_o unknown_a property_n than_o one_o that_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o they_o but_o yet_o as_o i_o have_v say_v this_o be_v but_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n not_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n this_o way_n of_o attain_v and_o improve_n our_o knowledge_n in_o substance_n only_o by_o experience_n and_o history_n to_o which_o the_o weakness_n of_o our_o faculty_n in_o this_o state_n of_o mediocrity_n we_o be_v in_o in_o this_o world_n make_v i_o suspect_v that_o natural_a philosophy_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o be_v make_v a_o science_n we_o be_v able_a i_o imagine_v to_o reach_v very_o little_a general_a knowledge_n concern_v the_o species_n of_o body_n and_o their_o several_a property_n experiment_n and_o historical_a observation_n we_o may_v have_v from_o which_o we_o may_v draw_v advantage_n of_o ease_n and_o health_n and_o thereby_o increase_v our_o stock_n of_o convenience_n for_o this_o life_n but_o beyond_o this_o our_o talent_n reach_v not_o our_o faculty_n can_v attain_v §_o 11._o from_o whence_o it_o be_v obvious_a to_o conclude_v that_o since_o our_o faculty_n be_v not_o fit_v to_o penetrate_v into_o the_o internal_a fabric_n and_o real_a essence_n of_o body_n but_o yet_o plain_o discover_v to_o we_o the_o be_v of_o a_o god_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o ourselves_o enough_o to_o lead_v we_o into_o a_o full_a and_o clear_a discovery_n of_o our_o duty_n and_o great_a concernment_n it_o will_v become_v we_o as_o rational_a creature_n to_o employ_v our_o faculty_n about_o what_o they_o be_v most_o adopt_v to_o and_o follow_v the_o direction_n of_o nature_n where_o it_o seem_v to_o point_v we_o out_o the_o way_n for_o it_o be_v rational_a to_o conclude_v that_o our_o proper_a employment_n lie_v in_o those_o inquiry_n and_o in_o that_o sort_n of_o knowledge_n which_o be_v most_o suit_v to_o our_o natural_a capacity_n and_o carry_v in_o it_o our_o great_a interest_n i._n e._n the_o condition_n of_o our_o eternal_a estate_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v i_o think_v that_o morality_n be_v the_o proper_a science_n and_o business_n of_o mankind_n in_o general_n who_o be_v both_o concern_v and_o fit_v to_o search_v out_o their_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la as_o several_a art_n conversant_a about_o several_a part_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o lot_n and_o private_a talon_n of_o particular_a man_n for_o the_o common_a convenience_n of_o (null)_o life_n and_o their_o own_o particular_a subsistence_n in_o this_o world_n of_o what_o consequence_n the_o discovery_n of_o one_o natural_a body_n and_o its_o property_n may_v be_v to_o (null)_o life_n the_o whole_a great_a continent_n of_o america_n be_v a_o convince_a instance_n who_o ignorance_n in_o useful_a art_n and_o want_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o conveniency_n of_o life_n in_o a_o country_n that_o abound_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o natural_a plenty_n i_o think_v may_v be_v attribute_v to_o their_o ignorance_n of_o what_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o a_o very_a ordinary_a despicable_a stone_n i_o mean_v the_o mineral_n of_o iron_n and_o whatever_o we_o think_v of_o our_o part_n or_o improvement_n in_o
whole_o voluntary_a if_o our_o knowledge_n be_v altogether_o necessary_a all_o man_n knowledge_n will_v not_o only_o be_v alike_o but_o every_o man_n will_v know_v all_o that_o be_v knowable_a and_o if_o it_o be_v whole_o voluntary_a some_o man_n so_o little_a regard_n or_o value_v it_o that_o they_o will_v have_v extreme_a little_a or_o none_o at_o all_o man_n that_o have_v sense_n can_v choose_v but_o receive_v some_o idea_n by_o they_o and_o if_o they_o have_v memory_n they_o can_v but_o retain_v some_o of_o they_o and_o if_o they_o have_v any_o distinguish_a faculty_n can_v but_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o some_o of_o they_o one_o with_o another_o as_o he_o that_o have_v eye_n if_o he_o will_v open_v they_o by_o day_n can_v but_o see_v some_o object_n and_o perceive_v a_o difference_n in_o they_o but_o though_o a_o man_n with_o his_o eye_n open_a in_o the_o light_n can_v but_o see_v yet_o there_o be_v certain_a object_n which_o he_o may_v choose_v whether_o he_o will_v turn_v his_o eye_n to_o there_o may_v be_v in_o his_o reach_n a_o book_n contain_v picture_n and_o discourse_n capable_a to_o delight_v or_o instruct_v he_o which_o yet_o he_o may_v never_o have_v the_o will_v to_o open_v never_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o look_v into_o §_o 2._o there_o be_v also_o another_o thing_n in_o a_o man_n power_n and_o that_o be_v though_o he_o turn_v his_o eye_n sometime_o towards_o a_o object_n yet_o he_o may_v choose_v whether_o he_o will_v intent_o survey_v it_o and_o with_o a_o accurate_a search_n endeavour_v to_o observe_v all_o that_o be_v visible_a in_o it_o but_o yet_o what_o he_o do_v see_v he_o can_v see_v otherwise_o than_o he_o do_v it_o depend_v not_o on_o his_o will_n to_o see_v that_o black_a which_o appear_v yellow_a nor_o to_o persuade_v himself_o that_o what_o actual_o scald_v he_o feel_v cold_a the_o earth_n will_v not_o appear_v paint_v with_o flower_n nor_o the_o field_n cover_v with_o verdure_n whenever_o he_o have_v 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a_o clear_a morning_n that_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v if_o he_o will_v but_o open_v his_o eye_n and_o turn_v they_o that_o way_n but_o yet_o these_o truth_n be_v never_o so_o certain_a never_o so_o clear_a he_o may_v be_v ignorant_a of_o either_o or_o all_o of_o they_o who_o will_v never_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o employ_v his_o faculty_n as_o he_o shall_v to_o inform_v himself_o about_o they_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o judgement_n §_o 1._o the_o understanding_n faculty_n be_v give_v to_o man_n not_o bare_o for_o speculation_n but_o also_o for_o the_o conduct_n of_o his_o life_n man_n will_v be_v at_o a_o great_a loss_n if_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o direct_v he_o but_o what_o have_v the_o certainty_n of_o true_a knowledge_n for_o that_o be_v very_o short_a and_o scanty_a as_o we_o have_v see_v he_o will_v be_v often_o utter_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o in_o most_o of_o the_o action_n of_o his_o life_n perfect_o at_o a_o stand_n have_v he_o nothing_o to_o guide_v he_o in_o the_o absence_n 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here_o wherein_o we_o may_v not_o be_v over_o confident_a and_o presume_v but_o may_v by_o every_o day_n experience_n be_v make_v sensible_a of_o our_o short-sightedness_n and_o liableness_n to_o error_n which_o may_v be_v a_o constant_a admonition_n to_o we_o to_o spend_v the_o day_n of_o this_o our_o pilgrimage_n with_o industry_n and_o care_n in_o the_o search_n and_o follow_v of_o that_o way_n which_o may_v lead_v we_o to_o a_o state_n of_o great_a perfection_n it_o be_v high_o rational_a to_o think_v even_o where_o revelation_n be_v silent_a in_o the_o case_n that_o as_o man_n employ_v those_o talent_n god_n have_v give_v they_o here_o they_o shall_v according_o receive_v their_o reward_n at_o the_o close_a of_o the_o day_n when_o their_o sun_n shall_v set_v and_o night_n shall_v put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o labour_n §_o 3._o the_o faculty_n which_o god_n have_v give_v man_n to_o enlighten_v he_o next_o to_o clear_v and_o certain_a knowledge_n be_v judgement_n whereby_o the_o 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of_o gradation_n or_o impatient_a of_o delay_n light_o survey_v or_o whole_o pass_v over_o the_o proof_n and_o so_o without_o make_v out_o the_o demonstration_n determine_v of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o idea_n as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o view_n of_o they_o as_o they_o be_v at_o a_o distance_n and_o take_v it_o to_o be_v the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o as_o seem_v most_o likely_a to_o they_o upon_o such_o a_o loose_a survey_n this_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n when_o it_o be_v exercise_v immediate_o about_o thing_n be_v call_v judgement_n when_o about_o truth_n deliver_v in_o word_n be_v most_o common_o call_v assent_n or_o dissent_n which_o be_v the_o most_o usual_a way_n wherein_o the_o mind_n have_v occasion_n to_o employ_v this_o faculty_n i_o shall_v under_o these_o term_n treat_v of_o it_o as_o least_o liable_a in_o our_o language_n to_o equivocation_n §_o 4._o thus_o the_o mind_n have_v two_o faculty_n conversant_a about_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n first_o knowledge_n whereby_o it_o certain_o perceive_v and_o be_v undoubted_o satisfy_v of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o idea_n second_o judgement_n which_o be_v the_o put_v idea_n together_o or_o separate_v they_o from_o one_o another_o in_o the_o mind_n when_o their_o certain_a agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v not_o perceive_v but_o presume_v to_o be_v so_o which_o be_v as_o the_o word_n import_v take_v to_o be_v so_o before_o it_o certain_o appear_v and_o if_o it_o so_o unite_v or_o separate_v they_o as_o in_o reality_n thing_n be_v it_o be_v right_a judgement_n chap._n xv._n of_o probability_n §_o 1._o as_o demonstration_n be_v the_o show_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o idea_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o one_o or_o more_o proof_n which_o have_v a_o constant_a immutable_a and_o visible_a connexion_n one_o with_o another_o so_o probability_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o appearance_n of_o such_o a_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n by_o the_o 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two_o right_a one_o and_o thus_o he_o have_v certain_a knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v so_o but_o another_o man_n who_o never_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o observe_v the_o demonstration_n hear_v a_o mathematician_n a_o man_n of_o credit_n affirm_v the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n to_o be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o assent_v to_o it_o i._n e._n receive_v it_o for_o true_a in_o which_o case_n the_o foundation_n of_o his_o assent_n be_v the_o probability_n of_o the_o thing_n the_o proof_n be_v such_o as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n carry_v truth_n with_o it_o the_o man_n on_o who_o testimony_n he_o receive_v it_o not_o be_v wont_a to_o affirm_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o or_o beside_o his_o knowledge_n especial_o in_o matter_n of_o this_o kind_n so_o that_o that_o which_o cause_v his_o assent_n to_o this_o proposition_n that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o that_o which_o make_v he_o take_v these_o idea_n to_o agree_v without_o know_v they_o to_o do_v so_o be_v the_o wont_a veracity_n of_o the_o speaker_n in_o other_o case_n or_o his_o suppose_a veracity_n in_o this_o §_o 2._o our_o knowledge_n as_o have_v be_v show_v be_v very_o narrow_a and_o we_o not_o happy_a enough_o to_o find_v certain_a truth_n in_o every_o thing_n we_o have_v occasion_n to_o consider_v most_o of_o the_o proposition_n we_o think_v reason_n discourse_n nay_o act_n upon_o be_v such_o as_o we_o can_v have_v undoubted_a knowledge_n of_o their_o truth_n yet_o some_o of_o they_o border_n so_o near_o upon_o certainty_n that_o we_o make_v no_o doubt_n at_o all_o about_o they_o but_o assent_n to_o they_o as_o firm_o and_o act_n according_a to_o that_o assent_n as_o vigorous_o as_o if_o they_o be_v infallible_o demonstrate_v and_o that_o our_o knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v perfect_a and_o certain_a but_o there_o be_v degree_n herein_o from_o the_o very_a neighbourhood_n of_o certainty_n and_o evidence_n quite_o down_o to_o improbability_n and_o unlikeliness_n even_o to_o the_o confine_n of_o impossibility_n and_o also_o degree_n of_o assent_n from_o certain_a knowledge_n and_o what_o be_v next_o it_o full_a assurance_n and_o confidence_n quite_o down_o to_o conjecture_n doubt_v distrust_v and_o disbelief_n i_o shall_v come_v now_o as_o have_v as_o i_o think_v find_v out_o the_o bound_n of_o (null)_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v the_o several_a degree_n and_o ground_n of_o probability_n and_o assent_v or_o faith_n §_o 3._o probability_n then_o be_v likeliness_n to_o be_v true_a the_o very_a notation_n of_o the_o word_n signify_v such_o a_o proposition_n for_o which_o there_o be_v argument_n or_o proof_n to_o make_v it_o pass_v or_o be_v receive_v for_o true_a the_o entertainment_n the_o mind_n give_v this_o sort_n of_o proposition_n be_v call_v belief_n assent_n or_o opinion_n which_o be_v the_o admit_v or_o receive_v any_o proposition_n for_o true_a upon_o argument_n or_o proof_n that_o be_v find_v to_o persuade_v we_o to_o receive_v it_o as_o true_a without_o certain_a knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v so_o and_o herein_o lie_v the_o difference_n between_o probability_n and_o certainty_n faith_n and_o knowledge_n that_o in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o knowledge_n there_o be_v intuition_n each_o immediate_a idea_n each_o step_n have_v its_o visible_a and_o certain_a connexion_n in_o belief_n not_o so_o that_o which_o make_v i_o believe_v be_v something_o extraneous_a to_o the_o thing_n i_o believe_v something_o not_o evident_o join_v on_o both_o side_n to_o and_o so_o not_o manifest_o show_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o those_o idea_n that_o be_v under_o consideration_n §_o 4._o probability_n then_o be_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o to_o guide_v we_o where_o that_o fail_v it_o be_v always_o conversant_a about_o thing_n whereof_o we_o have_v no_o certainty_n but_o only_o some_o inducement_n to_o receive_v it_o for_o true_a the_o ground_n of_o it_o be_v in_o short_a these_o two_o follow_v first_o the_o conformity_n of_o any_o thing_n with_o our_o own_o knowledge_n observation_n and_o experience_n second_o the_o testimony_n of_o other_o vouch_v their_o observation_n and_o experience_n in_o the_o testimony_n of_o other_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v 1._o the_o number_n 2._o the_o integrity_n 3._o the_o skill_n of_o the_o witness_n 4._o the_o design_n of_o the_o author_n where_o it_o be_v a_o testimony_n out_o of_o a_o book_n cite_v 5._o the_o consistency_n of_o the_o part_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o relation_n 6._o contrary_a testimony_n §_o 5._o now_o probability_n want_v that_o intuitive_a evidence_n which_o infallible_o determine_v the_o understanding_n and_o produce_v certain_a knowledge_n the_o mind_n before_o it_o rational_o assent_v or_o dissent_v to_o any_o probable_a proposition_n aught_o to_o examine_v all_o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n and_o see_v how_o they_o make_v more_o or_o less_o for_o or_o against_o it_o and_o upon_o a_o due_a balance_v the_o whole_a reject_v or_o receive_v it_o with_o a_o more_o or_o less_o firm_a assent_n proportionable_o to_o the_o preponderancy_n of_o the_o great_a ground_n of_o probabily_n on_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o for_o example_n if_o i_o myself_o see_v a_o man_n walk_v on_o the_o ice_n it_o be_v past_a probability_n it_o be_v knowledge_n but_o if_o another_o tell_v i_o he_o see_v a_o man_n in_o england_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o sharp_a winter_n walk_v upon_o water_n harden_v with_o cold_a this_o have_v so_o great_a conformity_n with_o what_o be_v usual_o observe_v to_o happen_v that_o i_o be_o dispose_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o to_o assent_v to_o it_o unless_o some_o manifest_a suspicion_n attend_v the_o relation_n of_o that_o matter_n of_o fact_n but_o if_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v tell_v to_o one_o bear_v between_o the_o tropic_n who_o never_o
see_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n before_o there_o the_o whole_a probability_n rely_v on_o testimony_n and_o as_o the_o relator_n be_v more_o in_o number_n and_o of_o more_o credit_n and_o have_v no_o interest_n to_o speak_v contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n so_o that_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v like_a to_o find_v more_o or_o less_o belief_n though_o to_o a_o man_n who_o experience_n have_v be_v always_o quite_o contrary_a and_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o any_o thing_n like_o it_o the_o most_o untainted_a credit_n of_o a_o witness_n will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o find_v belief_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o a_o dutch_a ambassador_n who_o entertain_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n with_o the_o particularity_n of_o holland_n which_o he_o be_v inquisitive_a after_o among_o other_o thing_n tell_v he_o that_o the_o water_n in_o his_o country_n will_v sometime_o in_o cold_a weather_n be_v so_o hard_a that_o man_n walk_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o it_o will_v bear_v a_o elephant_n if_o he_o be_v there_o to_o which_o the_o king_n reply_v hitherto_o i_o have_v believe_v the_o strange_a thing_n you_o have_v tell_v i_o because_o i_o look_v upon_o you_o as_o a_o sober_a fair_a man_n but_o now_o i_o be_o sure_a you_o lie_v §_o 6._o upon_o these_o ground_n depend_v the_o probability_n of_o any_o proposition_n and_o as_o the_o conformity_n of_o our_o knowledge_n as_o the_o certainty_n of_o observation_n as_o the_o frequency_n and_o constancy_n of_o experience_n and_o the_o number_n and_o credibility_n of_o testimony_n do_v more_o or_o less_o agree_v or_o disagree_v with_o it_o so_o be_v any_o proposition_n in_o itself_o more_o or_o less_o probable_a there_o be_v another_o i_o confess_v which_o though_o by_o itself_o it_o be_v no_o true_a ground_n of_o probability_n yet_o be_v often_o make_v use_n of_o for_o one_o by_o which_o man_n most_o common_o regulate_v their_o assent_n and_o upon_o which_o they_o pin_n their_o faith_n more_o than_o any_o thing_n else_o any_o that_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o though_o there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o rely_v on_o nor_o more_o likely_a to_o mislead_v one_o since_o there_o be_v much_o more_o falsehood_n and_o error_n among_o man_n than_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n and_o if_o the_o opinion_n and_o persuasion_n of_o other_o who_o we_o know_v and_o think_v well_o of_o be_v a_o ground_n of_o assent_n man_n have_v reason_n to_o be_v heathen_n in_o japan_n mahumetan_n in_o turkey_n papist_n in_o spain_n protestant_n in_o england_n and_o lutheran_n in_o sueden_n but_o of_o this_o wrong_a ground_n of_o assent_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o another_o place_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n §_o 1._o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n we_o have_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n as_o they_o be_v the_o foundation_n on_o which_o our_o assent_n be_v build_v so_o be_v they_o also_o the_o measure_n whereby_o its_o several_a degree_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v regulate_v only_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o whatever_o ground_n of_o probability_n there_o may_v be_v they_o yet_o operate_v no_o far_o on_o the_o mind_n which_o search_v after_o truth_n and_o endeavour_n to_o judge_v right_a than_o they_o appear_v at_o least_o in_o the_o first_o judgement_n or_o search_v that_o the_o mind_n make_v i_o confess_v in_o the_o opinion_n man_n have_v and_o firm_o stick_v to_o in_o the_o world_n their_o assent_n be_v not_o always_o from_o a_o actual_a view_n of_o the_o reason_n that_o at_o first_o prevail_v with_o they_o it_o be_v in_o many_o case_n almost_o impossible_a and_o in_o most_o very_a hard_a even_o for_o those_o who_o have_v very_o admirable_a memory_n to_o retain_v all_o the_o proof_n which_o upon_o a_o due_a examination_n make_v they_o embrace_v that_o side_n of_o the_o question_n it_o suffice_v that_o they_o have_v once_o with_o care_n and_o fairness_n examine_v the_o matter_n as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v and_o that_o they_o have_v search_v into_o all_o the_o particular_n that_o they_o can_v imagine_v to_o give_v any_o light_n to_o the_o question_n and_o with_o the_o best_a of_o their_o skill_n cast_v up_o the_o account_n upon_o the_o whole_a evidence_n and_o thus_o have_v once_o find_v on_o which_o side_n the_o probability_n appear_v to_o they_o after_o as_o full_a and_o exact_a a_o enquiry_n as_o they_o can_v make_v they_o lay_v up_o the_o conclusion_n in_o their_o memory_n as_o a_o truth_n they_o have_v discover_v and_o for_o the_o future_a they_o remain_v satisfy_v with_o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o memory_n that_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n that_o by_o the_o proof_n they_o have_v once_o see_v of_o it_o deserve_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o their_o assent_n as_o they_o afford_v it_o §_o 2._o this_o be_v all_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v in_o regulate_v their_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n unless_o a_o man_n will_v exact_v of_o they_o either_o to_o retain_v distinct_o in_o their_o memory_n all_o the_o proof_n concern_v any_o probable_a truth_n and_o that_o too_o in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o regular_a deduction_n of_o consequence_n in_o which_o they_o have_v former_o place_v or_o see_v they_o which_o sometime_o be_v enough_o to_o fill_v a_o large_a volume_n upon_o one_o single_a question_n or_o else_o they_o must_v require_v a_o man_n for_o every_o opinion_n that_o he_o embrace_v every_o day_n to_o examine_v the_o proof_n both_o which_o be_v impossible_a it_o be_v unavoidable_a therefore_o that_o the_o memory_n be_v rely_v on_o in_o the_o case_n and_o that_o man_n be_v persuade_v of_o several_a opinion_n whereof_o the_o proof_n be_v not_o actual_o in_o their_o thought_n nay_o which_o perhaps_o they_o be_v not_o able_a actual_o to_o recall_n without_o this_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n must_v be_v either_o very_a sceptic_n or_o change_v every_o moment_n and_o yield_v themselves_o up_o to_o whoever_o have_v late_o study_v the_o question_n offer_v they_o argument_n which_o for_o want_v of_o memory_n they_o be_v not_o able_a present_o to_o answer_v §_o 3._o i_o can_v but_o own_o that_o man_n stick_v to_o their_o past_a judgement_n and_o adhere_v firm_o to_o conclusion_n former_o make_v be_v often_o the_o cause_n of_o great_a obstinacy_n in_o error_n and_o mistake_n but_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o that_o they_o rely_v on_o their_o memory_n for_o what_o they_o have_v before_o well_o judge_v but_o because_o they_o judge_v before_o they_o have_v well_o examine_v may_v we_o not_o find_v a_o great_a number_n not_o to_o say_v the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n that_o think_v they_o have_v form_v right_a judgement_n of_o several_a matter_n and_o that_o for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o they_o never_o think_v otherwise_o that_o imagine_v themselves_o to_o have_v judge_v right_a only_o because_o they_o never_o question_v never_o examine_v their_o own_o opinion_n which_o be_v indeed_o to_o think_v they_o judge_v right_a because_o they_o never_o judge_v at_o all_o and_o yet_o these_o of_o all_o man_n hold_v their_o opinion_n with_o the_o great_a stiffness_n those_o be_v general_o the_o most_o fierce_a and_o firm_a in_o their_o tenet_n who_o have_v least_o examine_v they_o what_o we_o once_o know_v we_o be_v certain_a be_v so_o and_o we_o may_v be_v secure_a that_o there_o be_v no_o latent_fw-la proof_n undiscovered_a which_o may_v overturn_v our_o knowledge_n or_o bring_v it_o in_o doubt_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o probability_n it_o be_v not_o in_o every_o case_n that_o we_o can_v be_v sure_a that_o we_o have_v all_o the_o particular_n before_o we_o that_o any_o way_n concern_v the_o question_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o evidence_n behind_o and_o yet_o unseen_a which_o may_v cast_v the_o probability_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o outweigh_v all_o that_o at_o present_a seem_v to_o preponderate_v with_o we_o who_o almost_o be_v there_o that_o have_v the_o leisure_n patience_n and_o mean_n to_o collect_v together_o all_o the_o proof_n concern_v most_o of_o the_o opinion_n he_o have_v so_o as_o safe_o to_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o full_a view_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v allege_v for_o his_o better_a information_n and_o yet_o we_o be_v force_v to_o determine_v ourselves_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o other_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o life_n and_o the_o management_n of_o our_o great_a concern_v will_v not_o bear_v delay_n for_o those_o depend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o determination_n of_o our_o judgement_n in_o point_n wherein_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o certain_a and_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n and_o wherein_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o embrace_v the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o §_o 4._o since_o therefore_o it_o be_v unavoidable_a to_o the_o great_a
loadstone_n draw_v iron_n and_o the_o part_n of_o a_o candle_n successive_o melt_v turn_v into_o flame_n and_o give_v we_o both_o light_n and_o heat_n these_o and_o the_o like_a effect_n we_o see_v and_o know_v but_o the_o cause_n that_o operate_v and_o the_o manner_n they_o be_v produce_v in_o we_o can_v only_o guess_v and_o probable_o conjecture_v for_o these_o and_o the_o like_o come_v not_o within_o the_o scrutiny_n of_o (null)_o sense_n can_v be_v examine_v by_o they_o or_o be_v attest_v by_o any_o body_n and_o therefore_o can_v appear_v more_o or_o less_o probable_a only_o as_o they_o more_o or_o less_o agree_v to_o truth_n that_o be_v establish_v in_o our_o mind_n and_o as_o they_o hold_v proportion_n to_o other_o part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o observation_n analogy_n in_o these_o matter_n be_v the_o only_a help_n we_o have_v and_o it_o be_v from_o that_o alone_o we_o draw_v all_o our_o ground_n of_o probability_n thus_o observe_v that_o the_o bare_a rub_n of_o two_o body_n violent_o one_o upon_o another_o produce_v heat_n and_o very_o often_o fire_n itself_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o what_o we_o call_v heat_n and_o fire_n consist_v in_o a_o certain_a violent_a agitation_n of_o the_o imperceptible_a minute_n part_n of_o the_o burn_a matterâ—_n observe_v likewise_o that_o the_o different_a refraction_n of_o pellucid_a body_n produce_v in_o our_o eye_n the_o different_a appearance_n of_o several_a colour_n and_o also_o that_o the_o different_a range_v and_o lay_v the_o superficial_a part_n of_o several_a body_n as_o of_o velvet_n water_v silk_n etc._n etc._n do_v the_o like_a we_o think_v it_o probable_a that_o the_o colour_n and_o shine_v of_o body_n be_v in_o they_o nothing_o but_o the_o different_a arangement_n and_o refraction_n of_o their_o minute_n and_o insensible_a part_n thus_o find_v in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n that_o fall_v under_o (null)_o observation_n that_o there_o be_v a_o gradual_a connexion_n of_o one_o with_o another_o without_o any_o great_a or_o discernible_a gap_n between_o in_o all_o that_o great_a variety_n of_o thing_n we_o see_v in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v so_o close_o link_v together_o that_o in_o the_o several_a rank_n of_o being_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o discover_v the_o bound_n betwixt_o they_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o be_v persuade_v that_o in_o such_o gentle_a step_n thing_n in_o perfection_n ascend_v upward_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o say_v where_o sensible_a and_o rational_a begin_v and_o where_o insensible_a and_o irrational_a end_n and_o who_o be_v there_o quick-sighted_a enough_o to_o determine_v precise_o which_o be_v the_o low_a species_n of_o live_a thing_n and_o which_o the_o first_o of_o those_o which_o have_v no_o life_n thing_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v observe_v lessen_v and_o augment_v as_o the_o quantity_n do_v in_o a_o regular_a cone_n where_o though_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a odds_o betwixt_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o diametre_fw-la at_o remote_a distance_n yet_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o upper_a and_o under_o where_o they_o touch_v one_o another_o be_v hardly_o discernible_a the_o difference_n be_v exceed_o great_a between_o some_o man_n and_o some_o animal_n but_o if_o we_o will_v compare_v the_o understanding_n and_o ability_n of_o some_o man_n and_o some_o brute_n we_o shall_v find_v so_o little_a difference_n that_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o say_v that_o that_o of_o the_o man_n be_v either_o clear_a or_o large_a observe_v i_o say_v such_o gradual_a and_o gentle_a descent_n downward_o in_o those_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n that_o be_v beneath_o man_n the_o rule_n of_o analogy_n may_v make_v it_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v so_o also_o in_o thing_n above_o we_o and_o our_o observation_n and_o that_o there_o be_v several_a rank_n of_o intelligent_a being_n excel_v we_o in_o several_a degree_n of_o perfection_n ascend_v upward_o towards_o the_o infinite_a perfection_n of_o the_o creator_n by_o gentle_a step_n and_o difference_n that_o be_v every_o one_o at_o no_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o next_o to_o it_o this_o sort_n of_o probability_n which_o be_v the_o best_a conduct_n of_o rational_a experiment_n and_o the_o rise_v of_o hypothesis_n have_v also_o its_o use_n and_o influence_n and_o a_o wary_a reason_v from_o analogy_n lead_v we_o often_o into_o the_o discovery_n of_o truth_n and_o useful_a production_n which_o will_v otherwise_o lie_v conceal_v §_o 13._o though_o the_o common_a experience_n and_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o thing_n have_v just_o a_o mighty_a influence_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n to_o make_v they_o give_v or_o refuse_v credit_n to_o any_o thing_n propose_v to_o their_o belief_n yet_o there_o be_v one_o case_n wherein_o the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o fact_n lessen_v not_o the_o assent_n to_o a_o fair_a testimony_n give_v of_o it_o for_o where_o such_o supernatural_a event_n be_v suitable_a to_o end_n aim_v at_o by_o he_o who_o have_v the_o power_n to_o change_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n there_o under_o such_o circumstance_n they_o may_v be_v the_o fit_a to_o procure_v belief_n by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o they_o be_v beyond_o or_o contrary_a to_o ordinary_a observation_n this_o be_v the_o proper_a case_n of_o miracle_n which_o well_o attest_v do_v not_o only_o find_v credit_n themselves_o but_o give_v it_o also_o to_o other_o truth_n which_o need_v such_o confirmation_n §_o 14._o beside_o those_o we_o have_v hitherto_o mention_v there_o be_v one_o sort_n of_o proposition_n that_o challenge_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o our_o assent_n upon_o bare_a testimony_n whether_o the_o thing_n propose_v agree_v or_o disagree_v with_o common_a experience_n and_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o thing_n or_o no._n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o the_o testimony_n be_v of_o such_o a_o one_o as_o can_v deceive_v nor_o be_v deceive_v and_o that_o be_v of_o god_n himself_o this_o carry_v with_o it_o certainty_n beyond_o doubt_n evidence_n beyond_o exception_n this_o be_v call_v by_o a_o peculiar_a name_n revelation_n and_o our_o assent_n to_o it_o faith_n which_o have_v as_o much_o certainty_n as_o our_o knowledge_n itself_o and_o we_o may_v as_o well_o doubt_v of_o our_o own_o be_v as_o we_o can_v whether_o any_o revelation_n from_o god_n be_v true_a so_o that_o faith_n be_v a_o settle_a and_o sure_a principle_n of_o assent_n and_o assurance_n and_o leave_v no_o manner_n of_o room_n for_o doubt_n or_o hesitation_n only_o we_o must_v be_v sure_a that_o it_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n and_o that_o we_o understand_v it_o right_o else_o we_o shall_v expose_v ourselves_o to_o all_o the_o extravagancy_n of_o enthusiasm_n and_o all_o the_o error_n of_o wrong_a principle_n if_o we_o have_v faith_n and_o assurance_n in_o what_o be_v not_o divine_a revelation_n and_o therefore_o in_o those_o case_n our_o assent_n can_v be_v rational_o no_o high_o than_o the_o evidence_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o expression_n it_o be_v deliver_v in_o if_o the_o evidence_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n or_o that_o this_o its_o true_a sense_n be_v only_o on_o probable_a proof_n our_o assent_n can_v reach_v no_o high_o than_o a_o assurance_n or_o diffidence_n arise_v from_o the_o more_o or_o less_o apparent_a probability_n of_o the_o proof_n but_o of_o faith_n and_o the_o precedency_n it_o ought_v to_o have_v before_o other_o argument_n of_o persuasion_n i_o shall_v speak_v more_o hereafter_o where_o i_o treat_v of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v ordinary_o place_v in_o contradistinction_n to_o reason_n though_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o assent_n found_v on_o the_o high_a reason_n chap._n xvii_o of_o reason_n §_o 1._o the_o word_n reason_n in_o the_o english_a language_n have_v different_a signification_n sometime_o it_o be_v take_v for_o true_a and_o clear_a principle_n sometime_o for_o clear_a and_o fair_a deduction_n from_o those_o principle_n and_o sometime_o for_o the_o cause_n and_o particular_o the_o final_a cause_n but_o the_o consideration_n i_o shall_v have_v of_o it_o here_o be_v in_o a_o signification_n different_a from_o all_o these_o and_o that_o be_v as_o it_o stand_v for_o a_o faculty_n in_o man_n that_o faculty_n whereby_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o beast_n and_o wherein_o it_o be_v evident_a he_o much_o surpass_v they_o §_o 2._o if_o general_a knowledge_n as_o have_v be_v show_v consist_v in_o a_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o all_o thing_n without_o we_o except_o only_o of_o god_n be_v have_v only_o by_o our_o sense_n what_o room_n then_o be_v there_o for_o the_o exercise_n of_o any_o other_o faculty_n but_o outward_a sense_n and_o inward_a perception_n what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o reason_n very_o much_o
reason_n in_o that_o part_n which_o if_o not_o its_o high_a perfection_n be_v yet_o certain_o its_o hard_a task_n and_o that_o which_o we_o most_o need_v its_o help_n in_o and_o that_o be_v the_o find_v out_o of_o proof_n and_o make_v new_a discovery_n the_o rule_n of_o syllogism_n serve_v not_o to_o furnish_v the_o mind_n with_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n that_o may_v show_v the_o connexion_n of_o remote_a one_o this_o way_n of_o reason_v discover_v no_o new_a proof_n but_o be_v the_o art_n of_o marshal_v and_o range_v the_o old_a one_o we_o have_v already_o the_o 47th_o proposition_n of_o the_o first_o book_n of_o euclid_n be_v very_o true_a but_o the_o discovery_n of_o it_o i_o think_v not_o owe_v to_o any_o rule_n of_o common_a logic_n a_o man_n know_v first_o and_o then_o he_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v syllogistical_o so_o that_o syllogism_n come_v after_o knowledge_n and_o then_o a_o man_n have_v little_a or_o no_o need_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v chief_o by_o the_o find_v out_o those_o idea_n that_o show_v the_o connexion_n of_o distant_a one_o that_o our_o stock_n of_o knowledge_n be_v increase_v and_o that_o useful_a art_n and_o science_n be_v advance_v syllogism_n at_o best_a be_v but_o the_o art_n of_o fence_v with_o the_o little_a knowledge_n we_o have_v without_o make_v any_o addition_n to_o it_o and_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v employ_v his_o reason_n all_o this_o way_n he_o will_v not_o do_v much_o otherwise_o than_o he_o who_o have_v get_v some_o iron_n out_o of_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v have_v it_o beat_v up_o all_o into_o sword_n and_o put_v it_o into_o his_o servant_n hand_n to_o fence_v with_o and_o bang_n one_o another_o have_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n employ_v the_o hand_n of_o his_o people_n and_o his_o spanish_a iron_n so_o he_o have_v bring_v to_o light_v but_o little_a of_o that_o treasure_n that_o lie_v so_o long_o hide_v in_o the_o dark_a entrail_n of_o america_n and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o he_o who_o shall_v employ_v all_o the_o force_n of_o his_o reason_n only_o in_o brandish_v of_o syllogism_n will_v discover_v very_o little_a of_o that_o mass_n of_o knowledge_n which_o lie_v yet_o conceal_v in_o the_o secret_a recess_n of_o nature_n and_o which_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v native_a rustic_a reason_n as_o it_o former_o have_v do_v be_v likely_a to_o open_v a_o way_n to_o and_o add_v to_o the_o common_a stock_n of_o mankind_n rather_o than_o any_o scholastic_a proceed_v by_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o mode_n and_o figure_n §_o 7._o i_o doubt_v not_o nevertheless_o but_o there_o be_v way_n to_o be_v find_v to_o assist_v our_o reason_n in_o this_o most_o useful_a part_n and_o this_o the_o judicious_a hooker_n encourage_v i_o to_o say_v who_o in_o his_o eccl._n pol._n l._n 1._o §_o 6._o speak_v thus_o if_o there_o may_v be_v add_v the_o right_a help_n of_o true_a art_n and_o learning_n which_o help_v i_o must_v plain_o confess_v this_o age_n of_o the_o world_n carry_v the_o name_n of_o a_o learned_a age_n do_v neither_o much_o know_v nor_o general_o regard_v there_o will_v undoubted_o be_v almost_o as_o much_o difference_n in_o maturity_n of_o judgement_n between_o man_n therewith_o enure_v and_o that_o which_o now_o man_n be_v as_o between_z man_n that_o be_v now_o and_o innocent_n i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o have_v find_v or_o discover_v here_o any_o of_o those_o right_a help_n of_o art_n this_o great_a man_n of_o deep_a thought_n mention_n but_o this_o be_v plain_a that_o syllogism_n and_o the_o logic_n now_o in_o use_n which_o be_v as_o well_o know_v in_o his_o day_n can_v be_v none_o of_o those_o he_o mean_v it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o i_o if_o by_o a_o discourse_n perhaps_o something_o out_o of_o the_o way_n i_o be_o sure_a as_o to_o i_o whole_o new_a and_o unborrowed_a i_o shall_v have_v give_v occasion_n to_o other_o to_o cast_v about_o for_o new_a discovery_n and_o to_o seek_v in_o their_o own_o thought_n for_o those_o right_a help_n of_o art_n which_o will_v scarce_o be_v find_v i_o fear_v by_o those_o who_o servile_o confine_v themselves_o to_o the_o rule_n and_o dictate_v of_o other_o for_o beat_a tract_n lead_v these_o sort_n of_o cattle_n as_o a_o observe_a roman_n call_v they_o who_o thought_n reach_v only_o to_o imitation_n non_fw-la quo_fw-la eundum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la quo_fw-la itur_fw-la but_o i_o can_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v that_o this_o age_n be_v adorn_v with_o some_o man_n of_o that_o strength_n of_o judgement_n and_o largeness_n of_o comprehension_n that_o if_o they_o will_v employ_v their_o thought_n on_o this_o subject_a can_v open_v new_a and_o undiscovered_a way_n to_o the_o advancement_n of_o knowledge_n §_o 8._o have_v here_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o syllogism_n in_o general_n and_o the_o use_v of_o it_o in_o reason_v and_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n it_o be_v fit_a before_o i_o leave_v this_o subject_a to_o take_v notice_n of_o one_o manifest_a mistake_n in_o the_o rule_n of_o syllogism_n viz._n that_o no_o syllogistical_a reason_v can_v be_v right_a and_o conclusive_a but_o what_o have_v at_o least_o one_o general_a proposition_n in_o it_o as_o if_o we_o can_v not_o reason_n and_o have_v knowledge_n about_o particular_n whereas_o in_o truth_n the_o matter_n right_o consider_v the_o immediate_a object_n of_o all_o our_o reason_v and_o knowledge_n be_v nothing_o but_o particular_n every_o man_n be_v reason_v and_o knowledge_n be_v only_o about_o the_o idea_n exist_v in_o his_o own_o mind_n which_o be_v true_o every_o one_o of_o they_o particular_a existence_n and_o our_o knowledge_n and_o reason_v about_o other_o thing_n be_v only_o as_o they_o correspond_v with_o those_o our_o particular_a idea_n so_o that_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o particular_a idea_n be_v the_o whole_a and_o utmost_a of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n universality_n be_v but_o accidental_a to_o it_o and_o consist_v only_o in_o this_o that_o the_o particular_a idea_n about_o which_o it_o be_v be_v such_o as_o more_o than_o one_o particular_a thing_n can_v correspond_v with_o and_o be_v represent_v by_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n and_o consequent_o our_o knowledge_n be_v equal_o clear_a and_o certain_a whether_o either_o or_o both_o or_o neither_o of_o those_o idea_n be_v capable_a of_o represent_v more_o real_a being_n than_o one_o or_o no._n §_o 9_o reason_n though_o it_o penetrate_v into_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o earth_n elevate_v our_o thought_n as_o high_a as_o the_o star_n and_o lead_v we_o through_o the_o vast_a space_n and_o large_a room_n of_o this_o mighty_a fabric_n yet_o it_o come_v far_o short_a of_o the_o real_a extent_n of_o even_o corporeal_a be_v and_o there_o be_v many_o instance_n wherein_o it_o fail_v we_o as_o first_o it_o perfect_o fail_v we_o where_o our_o idea_n fail_v it_o neither_o do_v nor_o can_v extend_v itself_o far_o than_o they_o do_v and_o therefore_o wherever_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n our_o reason_v stop_v and_o we_o be_v at_o a_o end_n of_o our_o reckon_a and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n we_o reason_n about_o word_n which_o do_v not_o stand_v for_o any_o idea_n it_o be_v only_o about_o those_o sound_n and_o nothing_o else_o §_o 10._o second_o our_o reason_n be_v often_o puzzle_v and_o at_o a_o loss_n because_o of_o the_o scurity_n confusion_n or_o imperfection_n of_o the_o idea_n it_o be_v employ_v about_o and_o there_o we_o be_v involve_v in_o difficulty_n and_o contradiction_n thus_o not_o have_v any_o perfect_a idea_n of_o the_o least_o extension_n of_o matter_n nor_o of_o infinity_o we_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n about_o the_o divisibility_n of_o matter_n but_o have_v perfect_a clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o number_n our_o reason_n meet_v with_o none_o of_o those_o inextricable_a difficulty_n in_o number_n nor_o find_v itself_o involve_v in_o any_o contradiction_n about_o they_o thus_o we_o have_v but_o imperfect_a idea_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o mind_n upon_o our_o body_n or_o thought_n and_o of_o the_o beginning_n of_o either_o motion_n or_o thought_n in_o we_o and_o much_o imperfect_a yet_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o god_n run_v into_o great_a difficulty_n about_o free_a create_a agent_n which_o reason_n can_v well_o extricate_v itself_o out_o of_o §_o 11._o three_o our_o reason_n be_v often_o at_o a_o stand_n because_o it_o perceive_v not_o those_o idea_n which_o can_v serve_v to_o show_v the_o certain_a or_o probable_a agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o other_o idea_n and_o in_o this_o some_o man_n faculty_n far_o out-go_v other_o till_o algebra_n that_o great_a instrument_n and_o instance_n of_o (null)_o sagacity_n be_v discover_v man_n with_o amazement_n
current_a stream_n of_o antiquity_n or_o to_o put_v it_o in_o the_o balance_n against_o that_o of_o some_o learned_a doctor_n or_o otherwise_o approve_a writer_n whoever_o back_v his_o tenet_n with_o such_o authority_n think_v he_o ought_v thereby_o to_o carry_v the_o cause_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o style_v it_o impudence_n in_o any_o one_o who_o shall_v stand_v out_o against_o they_o this_o i_o think_v may_v be_v call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la second_o §_o 20._o another_o way_n that_o man_n ordinary_o use_v to_o drive_v other_o and_o force_v they_o to_o submit_v their_o judgement_n and_o receive_v the_o opinion_n in_o debate_n be_v to_o require_v the_o adversary_n to_o admit_v what_o they_o allege_v as_o a_o proof_n or_o to_o assign_v a_o better_a and_o this_o i_o call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la §_o 21._o three_o a_o three_o way_n be_v to_o press_v a_o man_n with_o consequence_n draw_v from_o his_o own_o principle_n or_o concession_n this_o be_v already_o know_v under_o the_o name_n of_o argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la §_o 22._o four_o the_o four_o be_v the_o use_n of_o proof_n draw_v from_o any_o of_o the_o foundation_n of_o knowledge_n or_o probability_n this_o i_o call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la this_o alone_a of_o all_o the_o four_o bring_v true_a instruction_n with_o it_o and_o advance_v we_o in_o our_o way_n to_o knowledge_n for_o 1._o it_o argue_v not_o another_o man_n opinion_n to_o be_v right_a because_o i_o out_o of_o respect_n or_o any_o other_o consideration_n but_o that_o of_o conviction_n will_v not_o contradict_v he_o 2._o it_o prove_v not_o another_o man_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a way_n nor_o that_o i_o ought_v to_o take_v the_o same_o with_o he_o because_o i_o know_v not_o a_o better_a 3._o nor_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o another_o man_n be_v in_o the_o right_a way_n because_o he_o have_v show_v i_o that_o i_o be_o in_o the_o wrong_n i_o may_v be_v modest_a and_o therefore_o not_o oppose_v another_o man_n persuasion_n i_o may_v be_v ignorant_a and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v a_o better_a i_o may_v be_v in_o a_o error_n and_o another_o may_v show_v i_o that_o i_o be_o so_o this_o may_v dispose_v i_o perhaps_o for_o the_o reception_n of_o truth_n but_o help_v i_o not_o to_o it_o that_o must_v come_v from_o proof_n and_o argument_n and_o light_n arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n themselves_o and_o not_o from_o my_o shamefacedness_n ignorance_n or_o error_n §_o 23._o by_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v of_o reason_n we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v some_o guess_n at_o thâ—_n distinction_n of_o thing_n into_o those_o that_o be_v according_a to_o above_z and_o contrary_a to_o reason_n 1._o according_a to_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n who_o truth_n we_o can_v discover_v by_o examine_v and_o trace_v those_o idea_n we_o have_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n and_o by_o natural_a deduction_n find_v to_o be_v true_a or_o probable_a 2._o above_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n who_o truth_n or_o probability_n we_o can_v by_o reason_n derive_v from_o those_o principle_n 3._o contrary_n to_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n as_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o or_o irreconcilable_a to_o our_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n thus_o the_o existence_n of_o one_o god_n be_v according_a to_o reason_n the_o existence_n of_o more_o than_o one_o god_n contrary_a to_o reason_n the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o body_n after_o death_n above_o reason_n above_o reason_n also_o may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a sense_n viz._n above_o probability_n or_o above_o certainty_n and_o in_o that_o large_a sense_n also_o contrary_a to_o reason_n be_v i_o suppose_v sometime_o take_v §_o 24._o there_o be_v another_o use_n of_o the_o word_n reason_n wherein_o it_o be_v oppose_v to_o faith_n which_o though_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o a_o very_a improper_a way_n of_o speak_v yet_o common_a use_n have_v so_o authorize_v it_o that_o it_o will_v be_v folly_n either_o to_o oppose_v or_o hope_v to_o remedy_v it_o only_o i_o think_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o however_o faith_n be_v oppose_v to_o reason_n faith_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o firm_a assent_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o if_o it_o be_v regulate_v as_o be_v our_o duty_n can_v be_v afford_v to_o any_o thing_n but_o upon_o good_a reason_n and_o so_o can_v be_v opposite_a to_o it_o he_o that_o believe_v without_o have_v any_o reason_n for_o believe_v may_v be_v in_o love_n with_o his_o own_o fancy_n but_o neither_o seek_v truth_n as_o he_o ought_v nor_o pay_v the_o obedience_n due_a to_o his_o maker_n who_o will_v have_v he_o use_v those_o discern_a faculty_n he_o have_v give_v he_o to_o keep_v he_o out_o of_o mistake_n and_o error_n he_o that_o do_v not_o this_o to_o the_o best_a of_o his_o power_n however_o he_o sometime_o light_v on_o truth_n be_v in_o the_o right_n but_o by_o chance_n and_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o luckiness_n of_o the_o accident_n will_v excuse_v the_o irregularity_n of_o his_o proceed_n this_o at_o least_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o must_v be_v accountable_a for_o whatever_o mistake_v he_o run_v into_o whereas_o he_o that_o make_v use_v of_o the_o light_n and_o faculty_n god_n have_v give_v he_o and_o seek_v sincere_o to_o discover_v truth_n by_o those_o help_n and_o ability_n he_o have_v may_v have_v this_o satisfaction_n in_o do_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o rational_a creature_n that_o though_o he_o shall_v miss_v truth_n he_o will_v not_o miss_v the_o reward_n of_o it_o for_o he_o govern_v his_o assent_n right_a and_o place_n it_o as_o he_o shall_v who_o in_o any_o case_n or_o matter_n whatsoever_o believe_v or_o disbelieve_v according_a as_o reason_n direct_v he_o he_o that_o do_v otherwise_o transgress_v against_o his_o own_o light_n and_o misuse_v the_o faculty_n which_o be_v give_v he_o to_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o search_v and_o follow_v the_o clear_a evidence_n and_o great_a probability_n but_o since_o reason_n and_o faith_n be_v by_o some_o man_n oppose_v we_o will_v so_o consider_v they_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n xviii_o of_o faith_n and_o reason_n and_o their_o distinct_a province_n §_o 1._o it_o have_v be_v above_o show_v 1._o that_o we_o be_v of_o necessity_n ignorant_a and_o want_v knowledge_n of_o all_o sort_n where_o we_o want_v idea_n 2._o that_o we_o be_v ignorant_a and_o want_v rational_a knowledge_n where_o we_o want_v proof_n 3._o that_o we_o want_v general_a knowledge_n and_o certainty_n as_o far_o as_o we_o want_v clear_a and_o determine_v specific_a idea_n 4._o that_o we_o want_v probability_n to_o direct_v our_o assent_n in_o matter_n where_o we_o have_v neither_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o nor_o testimony_n of_o other_o man_n to_o bottom_v our_o reason_n upon_o from_o these_o thing_n thus_o premise_v i_o think_v we_o may_v come_v to_o lay_v down_o the_o measure_n and_o boundary_n between_o faith_n and_o reason_n the_o want_n whereof_o may_v possible_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n if_o not_o of_o great_a disorder_n yet_o at_o least_o of_o great_a dispute_n and_o perhaps_o mistake_v in_o the_o world_n for_o till_o it_o be_v resolve_v how_o far_o we_o be_v to_o be_v guide_v by_o reason_n and_o how_o far_o by_o faith_n we_o shall_v in_o vain_a dispute_n and_o endeavour_v to_o convince_v one_o another_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n §_o 2._o i_o find_v every_o sect_n as_o far_o as_o reason_n will_v help_v they_o make_v use_n of_o it_o glad_o and_o where_o it_o fail_v they_o they_o cry_v out_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o above_o reason_n and_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o they_o can_v ever_o be_v convince_v by_o any_o who_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o plea_n without_o set_v down_o strict_a boundary_n between_o faith_n and_o reason_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o first_o point_n establish_v in_o all_o question_n where_o faith_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v reason_n therefore_o here_o as_o contradistinguish_v to_o faith_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o certainty_n or_o probability_n of_o such_o proposition_n or_o truth_n which_o the_o mind_n arrive_v at_o by_o deduction_n make_v from_o such_o idea_n which_o it_o have_v get_v by_o the_o use_n of_o its_o natural_a faculty_n viz._n by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n i'faith_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v the_o assent_n to_o any_o proposition_n not_o thus_o make_v out_o by_o the_o deduction_n of_o reason_n but_o upon_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o proposer_n as_o come_v immediate_o from_o god_n which_o we_o call_v revelation_n §_o 3._o first_o then_o i_o say_v that_o no_o man_n inspire_v by_o god_n can_v by_o any_o revelation_n communicate_v to_o other_o any_o new_a simple_a idea_n which_o they_o have_v not_o before_o from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n for_o
whatsoever_o impression_n he_o himself_o may_v have_v from_o the_o immediate_a hand_n of_o god_n this_o revelation_n if_o it_o be_v of_o new_a simple_a idea_n can_v be_v convey_v to_o another_o either_o by_o word_n or_o any_o other_o sign_n because_o word_n by_o their_o immediate_a operation_n on_o we_o cause_v no_o other_o idea_n but_o of_o their_o natural_a sound_n and_o it_o be_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o use_v they_o for_o sign_n that_o they_o excite_v and_o revive_v in_o our_o mind_n latent_fw-la idea_n but_o yet_o only_a such_o idea_n as_o be_v there_o before_o for_o word_n see_v or_o hear_v recall_v to_o our_o thought_n those_o idea_n only_o which_o to_o we_o they_o have_v be_v wont_a to_o be_v sign_n of_o but_o can_v introduce_v any_o perfect_o new_a simple_a idea_n which_o be_v never_o there_o before_o the_o same_o hold_v in_o all_o other_o sign_n which_o can_v signify_v to_o we_o thing_n of_o which_o we_o have_v before_o never_o have_v any_o idea_n at_o all_o thus_o whatever_o thing_n be_v discover_v to_o st._n paul_n when_o he_o be_v rap_v up_o into_o the_o three_o heaven_n whatever_o new_a idea_n his_o mind_n there_o receive_v all_o the_o description_n he_o can_v make_v to_o other_o of_o that_o place_n be_v only_o this_o that_o there_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o eye_n have_v not_o see_v nor_o ear_n hear_v nor_o have_v it_o enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n to_o conceive_v and_o suppose_v god_n shall_v discover_v to_o any_o one_o supernatural_o a_o species_n of_o creature_n inhabit_v for_o example_n jupiter_n or_o saturn_n for_o that_o it_o be_v possible_a there_o may_v be_v such_o no_o body_n can_v deny_v which_o have_v six_o sense_n and_o imprint_v on_o his_o mind_n the_o idea_n convey_v to_o they_o by_o that_o six_o sense_n he_o can_v no_o more_o by_o word_n produce_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o other_o man_n those_o idea_n imprint_v by_o that_o six_o sense_n than_o one_o of_o we_o can_v convey_v the_o idea_n of_o any_o colour_n by_o the_o sound_n of_o word_n into_o a_o man_n who_o have_v the_o other_o four_o sense_n perfect_a have_v always_o total_o want_v the_o five_o of_o see_v for_o our_o simple_a idea_n then_o which_o be_v the_o foundation_n and_o sole_a matter_n of_o all_o our_o notion_n and_o knowledge_n we_o must_v depend_v whole_o on_o our_o reason_n i_o mean_v our_o natural_a faculty_n and_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n receive_v they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o from_o traditional_a revelation_n i_o say_v traditional_a revelation_n in_o distinction_n to_o original_a revelation_n by_o the_o one_o i_o mean_v that_o first_o impression_n which_o be_v make_v immediate_o by_o god_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o any_o man_n to_o which_o i_o pretend_v not_o to_o set_v any_o bound_n and_o by_o the_o other_o those_o impression_n deliver_v over_o to_o other_o in_o word_n and_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o convey_v our_o conception_n one_o to_o another_o §_o 4._o second_o i_o say_v that_o the_o same_o truth_n may_v be_v discover_v and_o convey_v down_o from_o revelation_n which_o be_v discoverable_a to_o we_o by_o reason_n and_o those_o clear_a idea_n we_o have_v so_o god_n may_v by_o revelation_n discover_v the_o truth_n of_o any_o proposition_n in_o euclid_n as_o well_o as_o man_n by_o the_o natural_a use_n of_o their_o faculty_n come_v to_o make_v the_o discovery_n themselves_o in_o all_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n there_o be_v little_a need_n or_o use_v of_o revelation_n god_n have_v furnish_v we_o with_o natural_a and_o sure_a mean_n to_o arrive_v at_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o for_o whatsoever_o truth_n we_o come_v to_o the_o discovery_n of_o from_o the_o knowledge_n and_o contemplation_n of_o our_o own_o clear_a idea_n will_v always_o be_v certain_a to_o we_o than_o those_o which_o be_v convey_v to_o we_o by_o traditional_a revelation_n for_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v that_o this_o revelation_n come_v at_o first_o from_o god_n can_v never_o be_v so_o sure_a as_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v from_o our_o own_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n as_o if_o it_o be_v reveal_v some_o age_n since_o that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o i_o may_v assent_v to_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o proposition_n upon_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o tradition_n that_o it_o be_v reveal_v but_o that_o will_v never_o amount_v to_o so_o great_a a_o certainty_n as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o compare_v and_o measure_v my_o own_o clear_a idea_n of_o two_o right_a angle_n and_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n the_o like_a hold_n in_o matter_n of_o fact_n knowable_a by_o our_o sense_n v_o g._n the_o history_n of_o the_o deluge_n be_v convey_v to_o we_o by_o write_n which_o have_v their_o original_a from_o revelation_n and_o yet_o no_o body_n i_o think_v will_v say_v he_o have_v as_o certain_a and_o clear_v a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o flood_n as_o noah_n that_o see_v it_o or_o that_o he_o himself_o will_v have_v have_v have_v he_o then_o be_v alive_a and_o see_v it_o for_o he_o have_v no_o great_a a_o assurance_n than_o that_o of_o his_o sense_n that_o it_o be_v write_v in_o the_o book_n suppose_v write_v by_o moses_n but_o he_o have_v not_o so_o great_a a_o assurance_n that_o moses_n write_v that_o book_n as_o if_o he_o have_v see_v moses_n write_v it_o so_o that_o the_o assurance_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n be_v less_o still_a than_o the_o assurance_n of_o his_o sense_n §_o 5._o in_o proposition_n then_o who_o certainty_n be_v build_v upon_o clear_a and_o perfect_a idea_n and_o evident_a deduction_n of_o reason_n we_o need_v not_o the_o assistence_n of_o revelation_n as_o necessary_a to_o gain_v our_o assent_n and_o introduce_v they_o into_o our_o mind_n because_o the_o natural_a way_n of_o knowledge_n can_v settle_v they_o there_o or_o have_v do_v it_o already_o which_o be_v the_o great_a assurance_n we_o can_v possible_o have_v of_o any_o thing_n unless_o where_o god_n immediate_o reveal_v it_o to_o we_o and_o there_o too_o our_o assurance_n can_v be_v no_o great_a than_o our_o knowledge_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o revelation_n from_o god_n but_o yet_o nothing_o i_o think_v can_v under_o that_o title_n shake_v or_o over-rule_v plain_a knowledge_n nor_o rational_o prevail_v with_o any_o man_n to_o admit_v it_o for_o true_a in_o a_o direct_a contradiction_n to_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o his_o own_o understanding_n for_o since_o no_o evidence_n of_o our_o faculty_n by_o which_o we_o receive_v such_o revelation_n can_v exceed_v if_o equal_a the_o certainty_n of_o our_o intuitive_a knowledge_n we_o can_v never_o receive_v for_o a_o truth_n any_o thing_n that_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o our_o clear_a and_o distinct_a knowledge_n v_o g._n the_o idea_n of_o one_o body_n and_o one_o place_n do_v so_o clear_o agree_v and_o the_o mind_n have_v so_o evident_a a_o perception_n of_o it_o that_o we_o can_v never_o assent_v to_o a_o proposition_n that_o affirm_v the_o same_o body_n to_o be_v in_o two_o distant_a place_n at_o once_o however_o it_o shall_v pretend_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o divine_a revelation_n since_o the_o evidence_n first_o that_o we_o deceive_v not_o ourselves_o in_o ascribe_v it_o to_o god_n second_o that_o we_o understand_v it_o right_n can_v never_o be_v so_o great_a as_o the_o evidence_n of_o our_o own_o intuitive_a knowledge_n whereby_o we_o discern_v it_o impossible_a for_o the_o same_o body_n to_o be_v in_o two_o place_n at_o once_o and_o therefore_o no_o proposition_n can_v be_v receive_v for_o divine_a revelation_n or_o obtain_v the_o assent_n due_a to_o all_o such_o if_o it_o be_v contradictory_n to_o our_o clear_a intuitive_a knowledge_n since_o this_o will_v be_v to_o subvert_v the_o principle_n and_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n evidence_n and_o assent_v whatsoever_o and_o leave_v no_o difference_n between_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n no_o measure_n of_o credible_a and_o incredible_a in_o the_o world_n if_o doubtful_a proposition_n shall_v take_v place_n before_o self-evident_a and_o what_o we_o certain_o know_v give_v way_n to_o what_o we_o may_v possible_o be_v mistake_v in_o in_o proposition_n therefore_o contrary_a to_o our_o distinct_a and_o clear_a idea_n it_o will_v be_v in_o vain_a to_o urge_v they_o as_o matter_n of_o faith_n they_o can_v move_v our_o assent_n under_o that_o or_o any_o other_o title_n whatsoever_o for_o faith_n can_v never_o convince_v we_o of_o any_o thing_n that_o contradict_v our_o knowledge_n because_o though_o faith_n be_v found_v on_o the_o testimony_n of_o god_n reveal_v any_o proposition_n to_o we_o who_o can_v lie_v yet_o we_o can_v have_v a_o assurance_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o its_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n great_a than_o our_o own_o knowledge_n since_o the_o whole_a strength_n of_o the_o certainty_n depend_v upon_o
our_o knowledge_n that_o god_n reveal_v it_o which_o in_o this_o case_n where_o the_o proposition_n suppose_v reveal_v contradict_v our_o knowledge_n or_o reason_n will_v always_o have_v this_o objection_n hang_v to_o it_o viz._n that_o we_o can_v tell_v how_o to_o conceive_v that_o to_o come_v from_o god_n the_o bountiful_a author_n of_o our_o be_v which_o if_o receive_v for_o true_a must_v overturn_v all_o our_o principle_n and_o foundation_n of_o knowledge_n render_v all_o our_o faculty_n useless_a whole_o destroy_v the_o most_o excellent_a part_n of_o his_o workmanship_n our_o understanding_n and_o put_v a_o man_n in_o a_o condition_n wherein_o he_o will_v have_v less_o light_a less_o conduct_n than_o the_o beast_n that_o perish_v for_o if_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n can_v never_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o perhaps_o not_o so_o clear_a a_o evidence_n of_o any_o thing_n to_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n as_o it_o have_v of_o the_o principle_n of_o its_o own_o reason_n it_o can_v never_o have_v a_o ground_n to_o quit_v the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o its_o reason_n to_o give_v place_n to_o a_o proposition_n who_o revelation_n have_v not_o a_o great_a evidence_n §_o 6._o thus_o far_o a_o man_n have_v use_v of_o reason_n and_o aught_o to_o hearken_v to_o it_o even_o in_o immediate_a and_o original_a revelation_n where_o it_o be_v supposed_o make_v to_o himself_o but_o to_o all_o those_o who_o pretend_v not_o to_o immediate_a revelation_n but_o be_v require_v to_o pay_v obedience_n and_o to_o receive_v the_o truth_n reveal_v to_o other_o which_o by_o the_o tradition_n of_o write_n or_o word_n of_o mouth_n be_v convey_v down_o to_o they_o reason_n have_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o to_o do_v and_o be_v that_o only_a which_o can_v induce_v we_o to_o receive_v they_o for_o matter_n of_o faith_n be_v only_o divine_a revelation_n and_o nothing_o else_o faith_n as_o we_o use_v the_o word_n call_v common_o divine_a faith_n have_v to_o do_v with_o no_o proposition_n but_o those_o which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v divine_o reveal_v so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o those_o who_o make_v revelation_n alone_o the_o sole_a object_n of_o faith_n can_v say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o not_o of_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o such_o or_o such_o a_o proposition_n to_o be_v find_v in_o such_o or_o such_o a_o book_n be_v of_o divine_a inspiration_n unless_o it_o be_v reveal_v that_o that_o proposition_n or_o all_o in_o that_o book_n be_v communicate_v by_o divine_a inspiration_n without_o such_o a_o revelation_n the_o believe_a or_o not_o believe_v that_o proposition_n or_o book_n to_o be_v of_o divine_a authority_n can_v never_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n but_o matter_n of_o reason_n and_o such_o as_o i_o must_v come_v to_o a_o assent_n to_o only_o by_o the_o use_n of_o my_o reason_n which_o can_v never_o require_v or_o enable_v i_o to_o believe_v that_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o itself_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o reason_n ever_o to_o procure_v any_o assent_n to_o that_o which_o to_o itself_o appear_v unreasonable_a in_o all_o thing_n therefore_o where_o we_o have_v clear_a evidence_n from_o our_o idea_n and_o those_o principle_n of_o knowledge_n i_o have_v above_o mention_v reason_n be_v the_o proper_a judge_n and_o revelation_n though_o it_o may_v in_o consent_v with_o it_o confirm_v its_o dictate_v yet_o can_v in_o such_o case_n invalidate_v its_o decree_n nor_o can_v we_o be_v oblige_v where_o we_o have_v the_o clear_a and_o evident_a sentence_n of_o reason_n to_o quit_v it_o for_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n under_o a_o pretence_n that_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n §_o 7._o but_o three_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n wherein_o we_o have_v very_o imperfect_a notion_n or_o none_o at_o all_o and_o other_o thing_n of_o who_o past_a present_a or_o future_a existence_n by_o the_o natural_a use_n of_o our_o faculty_n we_o can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n at_o all_o these_o as_o be_v beyond_o the_o discovery_n of_o our_o natural_a faculty_n and_o above_o reason_n be_v when_o reveal_v the_o proper_a matter_n of_o faith_n thus_o that_o part_n of_o the_o angel_n rebel_v against_o god_n and_o thereby_o lose_v their_o first_o happy_a state_n and_o that_o the_o body_n of_o man_n shall_v rise_v and_o live_v again_o these_o and_o the_o like_a be_v beyond_o the_o discovery_n of_o reason_n be_v pure_o matter_n of_o faith_n with_o which_o reason_n have_v direct_o nothing_o to_o do_v §_o 8._o but_o since_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v under_o the_o character_n of_o divine_a revelation_n be_v esteem_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o there_o be_v among_o they_o several_a thing_n that_o fall_v under_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o reason_n and_o be_v such_o as_o we_o can_v judge_v of_o by_o our_o natural_a faculty_n without_o a_o supernatural_a revelation_n in_o these_o revelation_n must_v carry_v it_o against_o the_o probable_a conjecture_n of_o reason_n because_o the_o mind_n not_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o it_o do_v not_o evident_o know_v but_o be_v only_o probable_o convince_v of_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v up_o its_o assent_n to_o such_o a_o testimony_n which_o it_o be_v satisfy_v come_v from_o one_o who_o can_v err_v and_o will_v not_o deceive_v but_o yet_o it_o still_o belong_v to_o reason_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n and_o of_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n wherein_o it_o be_v deliver_v indeed_o if_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v think_v revelation_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a principle_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o evident_a knowledge_n the_o mind_n have_v of_o its_o own_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n there_o reason_n must_v be_v hearken_v to_o as_o to_o a_o matter_n within_o its_o province_n since_o a_o man_n can_v never_o have_v so_o certain_a a_o knowledge_n that_o a_o proposition_n which_o contradict_v the_o clear_a principle_n and_o evidence_n of_o his_o own_o knowledge_n be_v divine_o reveal_v or_o that_o he_o understand_v the_o word_n right_o wherein_o it_o be_v deliver_v as_o he_o have_v that_o the_o contrary_a be_v true_a and_o so_o be_v bind_v to_o consider_v and_o judge_v of_o it_o as_o a_o matter_n of_o reason_n and_o not_o swallow_v it_o without_o examination_n as_o a_o matter_n of_o faith_n §_o 9_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v first_o whatever_o proposition_n be_v reveal_v of_o who_o truth_n our_o mind_n by_o its_o natural_a faculty_n and_o notion_n can_v judge_v that_o be_v pure_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o above_o reason_n second_o all_o proposition_n whereof_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o use_n of_o its_o natural_a faculty_n can_v come_v to_o determine_v and_o judge_v from_o natural_a acquire_v idea_n be_v matter_n of_o reason_n with_o this_o difference_n still_o that_o in_o those_o concern_v which_o it_o have_v but_o a_o uncertain_a evidence_n and_o so_o be_v persuade_v of_o their_o truth_n only_o upon_o probable_a ground_n which_o still_o admit_v a_o possibility_n of_o the_o contrary_a to_o be_v true_a without_o do_v violence_n to_o the_o certain_a evidence_n of_o its_o own_o knowledge_n and_o overturning_a the_o principle_n of_o all_o reason_n in_o such_o probable_a proposition_n i_o say_v a_o evident_a revelation_n ought_v to_o determine_v our_o assent_n even_o against_o probability_n for_o where_o the_o principle_n of_o reason_n have_v not_o determine_v a_o proposition_n to_o be_v certain_o true_a or_o false_a there_o clear_a revelation_n as_o another_o principle_n of_o truth_n and_o ground_n of_o assent_n may_v determine_v and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o be_v also_o above_o reason_n because_o reason_n in_o that_o particular_a matter_n be_v able_a to_o reach_v no_o high_o than_o probability_n faith_n give_v the_o determination_n where_o reason_n come_v short_a and_o revelation_n discover_v on_o which_o side_n the_o truth_n lay_v §_o 10._o thus_o far_o the_o dominion_n of_o faith_n reach_v and_o that_o without_o any_o violence_n or_o hindrance_n to_o reason_n which_o be_v not_o injure_v or_o disturb_v but_o assist_v and_o improve_v by_o new_a discovery_n of_o truth_n come_v from_o the_o eternal_a fountain_n of_o all_o knowledge_n whatever_o god_n have_v reveal_v be_v certain_o true_a no_o doubt_n can_v be_v make_v of_o it_o this_o be_v the_o proper_a object_n of_o faith_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n or_o no_o reason_n must_v judge_v which_o can_v never_o permit_v the_o mind_n to_o reject_v a_o great_a evidence_n to_o embrace_v what_o be_v less_o evident_a nor_o prefer_v less_o certainty_n to_o the_o great_a there_o can_v be_v no_o evidence_n that_o any_o traditional_a revelation_n be_v of_o divine_a original_a in_o the_o word_n we_o receive_v it_o and_o in_o the_o sense_n we_o understand_v it_o so_o clear_a and_o so_o certain_a as_o those_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o reason_n and_o therefore_o
of_o fortune_n will_v plentiful_o enough_o supply_v book_n and_o other_o opportunity_n of_o clear_v of_o doubt_n and_o discover_v of_o truth_n but_o they_o be_v coop_v in_o close_a by_o the_o law_n of_o their_o country_n and_o the_o strict_a guard_n of_o those_o who_o interest_n it_o be_v to_o keep_v they_o ignorant_a lest_o know_v more_o they_o shall_v believe_v the_o less_o in_o they_o that_o they_o be_v as_o far_o nay_o far_o from_o the_o liberty_n and_o opportunity_n of_o a_o fair_a enquiry_n than_o those_o poor_a and_o wretched_a labourer_n we_o before_o speak_v of_o these_o man_n however_o they_o may_v seem_v high_a and_o great_a be_v confine_v to_o narrowness_n of_o thought_n and_o enslave_v in_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v the_o free_a part_n of_o man_n their_o understanding_n this_o be_v general_o the_o case_n of_o all_o those_o who_o live_v in_o place_n where_o care_n be_v take_v to_o propagate_v truth_n without_o knowledge_n where_o man_n be_v force_v at_o a_o venture_n to_o be_v of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o country_n and_o must_v therefore_o swallow_v down_o opinion_n as_o silly_a people_n do_v empiric_n pill_n without_o know_v what_o they_o be_v make_v of_o or_o how_o they_o will_v work_v and_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o believe_v that_o they_o will_v do_v the_o cure_n but_o in_o this_o be_v much_o more_o miserable_a than_o they_o in_o that_o they_o be_v not_o at_o liberty_n to_o refuse_v swallow_v what_o perhaps_o they_o have_v rather_o let_v alone_o or_o to_o choose_v the_o physician_n to_o who_o conduct_n they_o will_v trust_v themselves_o §_o 5._o second_o those_o that_o want_v skill_n to_o use_v those_o evidence_n they_o have_v of_o probability_n that_o can_v carry_v a_o train_n of_o consequence_n in_o their_o head_n nor_o weigh_v exact_o the_o preponderancy_n of_o contrary_a proof_n and_o testimony_n make_v every_o circumstance_n its_o due_a allowance_n may_v be_v easy_o mislead_v to_o assent_v to_o position_n that_o be_v not_o probable_a there_o be_v some_o man_n of_o one_o some_o but_o of_o two_o syllogism_n and_o no_o more_o and_o other_o that_o can_v but_o advance_v one_o step_n far_o these_o can_v always_o discern_v that_o side_n on_o which_o the_o strong_a proof_n lie_v can_v constant_o follow_v that_o which_o in_o its_o self_n be_v the_o more_o probable_a opinion_n now_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o difference_n between_o man_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o understanding_n i_o think_v no_o body_n will_v question_v who_o have_v have_v any_o conversation_n with_o his_o neighbour_n though_o he_o never_o be_v at_o westminster-hall_n or_o the_o exchange_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n nor_o at_o almshouse_n or_o bedlam_n on_o the_o other_o which_o great_a difference_n in_o man_n intellectual_n whether_o it_o rise_v from_o any_o defect_n in_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o body_n particular_o adapt_v to_o think_v or_o in_o the_o dulness_n or_o untractableness_n of_o those_o faculty_n for_o want_v of_o use_n or_o as_o some_o think_v in_o the_o natural_a difference_n of_o man_n soul_n themselves_o or_o some_o or_o all_o of_o these_o together_o it_o matter_n not_o here_o to_o examine_v only_o this_o be_v evident_a that_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n of_o degree_n in_o man_n understanding_n apprehension_n and_o reason_v to_o so_o great_a a_o latitude_n that_o one_o may_v without_o do_v injury_n to_o mankind_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a distance_n between_o some_o man_n and_o other_o in_o this_o respect_n than_o between_o some_o man_n and_o some_o beast_n but_o how_o this_o come_v about_o be_v a_o speculation_n though_o of_o great_a consequence_n yet_o not_o necessary_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n §_o 6._o three_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o people_n that_o want_v proof_n not_o because_o they_o be_v out_o of_o their_o reach_n but_o because_o they_o will_v not_o use_v they_o who_o though_o they_o have_v riches_n and_o leisure_n enough_o and_o want_v neither_o part_n nor_o learning_n may_v yet_o through_o their_o hot_a pursuit_n of_o pleasure_n or_o business_n or_o else_o out_o of_o laziness_n or_o fear_n that_o the_o doctrine_n who_o truth_n they_o shall_v inquire_v into_o will_v not_o suit_v well_o with_o their_o opinion_n life_n or_o design_n may_v never_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o nor_o give_v their_o assent_n to_o those_o probability_n which_o lie_v so_o much_o within_o their_o view_n that_o to_o be_v convince_v of_o they_o they_o need_v but_o turn_v their_o eye_n that_o way_n but_o we_o know_v some_o man_n will_v not_o read_v a_o letter_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o bring_v ill_a news_n and_o many_o man_n forbear_v to_o cast_v up_o their_o account_n or_o so_o much_o as_o think_v upon_o their_o estate_n who_o have_v reason_n to_o fear_v their_o affair_n be_v not_o in_o a_o very_a good_a posture_n how_o man_n who_o plentiful_a fortune_n allow_v they_o leisure_n to_o improve_v their_o understanding_n can_v satisfy_v themselves_o with_o a_o lazy_a ignorance_n i_o can_v tell_v but_o methinks_v they_o have_v a_o low_a opinion_n of_o their_o soul_n who_o lie_v out_o all_o their_o income_n in_o provision_n for_o the_o body_n and_o employ_v none_o of_o it_o to_o procure_v the_o mean_n and_o help_v of_o knowledge_n who_o take_v great_a care_n to_o appear_v always_o in_o a_o neat_a and_o splendid_a outside_n and_o will_v think_v themselves_o miserable_a in_o course_n clothes_n or_o a_o patch_a coat_n and_o yet_o content_o suffer_v their_o mind_n to_o appear_v abroad_o in_o a_o piebald_a livery_n of_o course_n patch_n and_o borrow_a shred_n such_o as_o it_o have_v please_v chance_n or_o their_o country-tailor_n i_o mean_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o those_o they_o have_v converse_v with_o to_o clothe_v they_o i_o will_v not_o here_o mention_v how_o unreasonable_a this_o be_v for_o man_n that_o ever_o think_v of_o a_o future_a state_n and_o their_o concernment_n in_o it_o which_o no_o rational_a man_n can_v avoid_v to_o do_v sometime_o nor_o shall_v i_o take_v notice_n what_o a_o shame_n and_o confusion_n it_o be_v to_o the_o great_a contemner_n of_o knowledge_n to_o be_v find_v ignorant_a in_o thing_n they_o be_v concern_v to_o know_v but_o this_o at_o least_o be_v worth_a the_o consideration_n of_o those_o who_o call_v themselves_o gentleman_n that_o however_o they_o may_v think_v credit_n respect_n power_n and_o authority_n the_o concomitant_n of_o their_o birth_n and_o fortune_n yet_o they_o will_v find_v all_o these_o still_o carry_v away_o from_o they_o by_o man_n of_o low_a condition_n who_o surpass_v they_o in_o knowledge_n they_o who_o be_v blind_a will_v always_o be_v lead_v by_o those_o that_o see_v or_o else_o fall_v into_o the_o ditch_n and_o he_o be_v certain_o the_o most_o subject_v the_o most_o enslave_v who_o be_v so_o in_o his_o understanding_n in_o the_o forego_n instance_n some_o of_o the_o cause_n have_v be_v show_v of_o wrong_a assent_n and_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o probable_a doctrine_n be_v not_o always_o receive_v with_o a_o assent_n proportionable_a to_o the_o reason_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v for_o their_o probability_n but_o hitherto_o it_o have_v be_v only_o of_o such_o probability_n who_o proof_n do_v only_o exist_v but_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o he_o that_o embrace_v the_o error_n §_o 7._o four_o there_o remain_v yet_o the_o last_o sort_n who_o even_o where_o the_o real_a probability_n appear_v and_o be_v plain_o lay_v before_o they_o yet_o do_v not_o admit_v of_o the_o conviction_n nor_o yield_v unto_o manifest_a reason_n but_o do_v either_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d suspend_v their_o assent_n or_o give_v it_o to_o the_o less_o probable_a opinion_n and_o to_o this_o danger_n be_v those_o expose_v who_o have_v take_v up_o wrong_a measure_n of_o probability_n which_o be_v 1._o proposition_n that_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o certain_a and_o evident_a but_o doubtful_a and_o false_a take_v up_o for_o principle_n 2._o receive_a hypothesis_n 3._o predominant_a passion_n or_o inclination_n 4._o authority_n §_o 8._o first_o the_o first_o and_o firm_a ground_n of_o probability_n be_v the_o conformity_n any_o thing_n have_v to_o our_o own_o knowledge_n especial_o that_o part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n which_o we_o have_v embrace_v and_o continue_v to_o look_v on_o as_o principle_n these_o have_v so_o great_a a_o influence_n upon_o our_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v usual_o by_o they_o we_o judge_v of_o truth_n and_o measure_v probability_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o what_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o our_o principle_n be_v so_o far_o from_o pass_v for_o probable_a with_o we_o that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v allow_v possible_a the_o reverence_n be_v bear_v to_o these_o principle_n be_v so_o great_a and_o their_o authority_n so_o paramount_n to_o all_o other_o that_o the_o testimony_n not_o only_o of_o other_o man_n but_o the_o evidence_n of_o our_o own_o
keep_v out_o the_o enemy_n truth_n that_o will_v captivate_v or_o disturb_v they_o tell_v a_o man_n passionate_o in_o love_n that_o he_o be_v gilt_v bring_v a_o score_n of_o witness_n of_o the_o falsehood_n of_o his_o mistress_n it_o be_v ten_o to_o one_o but_o three_o kind_a word_n of_o she_o shall_v invalidate_v all_o their_o testimony_n quod_fw-la volumus_fw-la facilè_fw-la credimus_fw-la what_o suit_v our_o wish_n be_v forward_o believe_v be_v i_o suppose_v what_o every_o one_o have_v more_o than_o once_o experiment_v and_o though_o man_n can_v always_o open_o gainsay_v or_o resist_v the_o force_n of_o manifest_a probability_n that_o make_v against_o they_o yet_o yield_v they_o not_o to_o the_o argument_n not_o but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o understanding_n constant_o to_o close_v with_o the_o more_o probable_a side_n but_o yet_o a_o man_n have_v a_o power_n to_o suspend_v and_o restrain_v its_o inquiry_n and_o not_o permit_v a_o full_a and_o satisfactory_a examination_n as_o far_o as_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n be_v capable_a and_o will_v bear_v it_o to_o be_v make_v until_o that_o be_v do_v there_o will_v be_v always_o these_o two_o way_n leave_v of_o evade_n the_o most_o apparent_a probability_n §_o 13._o first_o that_o the_o argument_n be_v as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v bring_v in_o word_n there_o may_v be_v a_o fallacy_n latent_fw-la in_o they_o and_o the_o consequence_n be_v perhaps_o many_o in_o train_n they_o may_v be_v some_o of_o they_o incoherent_a there_o be_v very_o few_o discourse_n be_v so_o short_a clear_a and_o consistent_a to_o which_o most_o man_n may_v not_o with_o satisfaction_n enough_o to_o themselves_o raise_v this_o doubt_n and_o from_o who_o conviction_n they_o may_v not_o without_o reproach_n of_o disingenuity_n or_o unreasonableness_n set_v themselves_o free_a with_o the_o old_a reply_n non_fw-la persuadebis_fw-la etiam_fw-la si_fw-la persuaseris_fw-la though_o i_o can_v answer_v i_o will_v not_o yield_v §_o 14._o second_o manifest_a probability_n may_v be_v evade_v and_o the_o assent_n withhold_v upon_o this_o suggestion_n that_o i_o know_v not_o yet_o all_o that_o may_v be_v say_v on_o the_o contrary_a side_n and_o therefore_o though_o he_o be_v beat_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a he_o shall_v yield_v not_o know_v what_o force_v there_o be_v in_o reserve_v behind_o this_o be_v a_o refuge_n against_o conviction_n so_o open_a and_o so_o wide_a that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o determine_v when_o a_o man_n be_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o verge_n of_o it_o §_o 15._o but_o yet_o there_o be_v some_o end_n of_o it_o and_o a_o man_n have_v careful_o inquire_v into_o all_o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n and_o unlikeliness_n do_v his_o utmost_a to_o inform_v himself_o in_o all_o particular_n fair_o and_o cast_v up_o the_o whole_a sum_n on_o both_o side_n may_v in_o most_o case_n come_v to_o acknowledge_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n on_o which_o side_n the_o probability_n rest_v wherein_o some_o proof_n in_o matter_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v suppositious_a upon_o universal_a experience_n be_v so_o cogent_a and_o clear_a and_o some_o testimony_n in_o matter_n of_o fact_n so_o universal_a that_o he_o can_v refuse_v his_o assent_n so_o that_o i_o think_v we_o may_v conclude_v that_o in_o proposition_n where_o though_o the_o proof_n in_o view_n be_v of_o most_o moment_n yet_o there_o be_v sufficient_a ground_n to_o suspect_v that_o there_o be_v either_o fallacy_n in_o word_n or_o certain_a proof_n as_o considerable_a to_o be_v produce_v on_o the_o contrary_a side_n there_o assent_n suspense_n or_o dissent_n be_v often_o voluntary_a action_n but_o where_o the_o proof_n be_v such_o as_o make_v it_o high_o probable_a and_o there_o be_v not_o sufficient_a ground_n to_o suspect_v that_o there_o be_v either_o fallacy_n of_o word_n which_o sober_a and_o serious_a consideration_n may_v discover_v nor_o equal_o valid_a proof_n yet_o undiscovered_a latent_fw-la on_o the_o other_o side_n which_o also_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n may_v in_o some_o case_n make_v plain_a to_o a_o considerate_a man_n there_o i_o think_v a_o man_n who_o have_v weigh_v they_o can_v scarce_o refuse_v his_o assent_n to_o the_o side_n on_o which_o the_o great_a probability_n appear_v whether_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o a_o promiscuous_a jumble_v of_o print_v letter_n shall_v often_o fall_v into_o a_o method_n and_o order_n which_o shall_v stamp_v in_o paper_n a_o coherent_a discourse_n or_o that_o a_o blind_a fortuitous_a concourse_n of_o atom_n not_o guide_v by_o a_o understand_a agent_n shall_v frequent_o constitute_v the_o body_n of_o any_o species_n of_o animal_n in_o these_o and_o the_o like_a case_n i_o think_v no_o body_n that_o consider_v they_o can_v be_v one_o jot_n at_o a_o stand_v which_o side_n to_o take_v nor_o at_o all_o waver_v in_o his_o assent_n last_o when_o there_o can_v be_v no_o supposition_n the_o thing_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n indifferent_a and_o whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o witness_n that_o there_o be_v as_o fair_a testimony_n against_o as_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n attest_v which_o by_o enquiry_n be_v to_o be_v learn_v v_o g._n whether_o there_o be_v 1700_o year_n ago_o such_o a_o man_n at_o rome_n as_o julius_n caesar_n in_o all_o such_o case_n i_o say_v i_o think_v it_o be_v not_o in_o any_o rational_a man_n power_n to_o refuse_v his_o assent_n but_o that_o it_o necessary_o follow_v and_o close_v with_o such_o probability_n in_o other_o less_o clear_a case_n i_o think_v it_o be_v in_o a_o man_n power_n to_o suspend_v his_o assent_n and_o perhaps_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o proof_n he_o have_v if_o they_o favour_v the_o opinion_n that_o suit_v with_o his_o inclination_n or_o interest_n and_o so_o stop_v from_o far_a search_n but_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v afford_v his_o assent_n to_o that_o side_n on_o which_o the_o less_o probability_n appear_v to_o he_o seem_v to_o i_o utter_o impracticable_a and_o as_o impossible_a as_o it_o be_v to_o believe_v the_o same_o thing_n probable_a and_o improbable_a at_o the_o same_o time_n §_o 16._o as_o knowledge_n be_v no_o more_o arbitrary_a than_o perception_n so_o i_o think_v assent_n be_v no_o more_o in_o our_o power_n than_o knowledge_n when_o the_o agreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n appear_v to_o our_o mind_n whether_o immediate_o or_o by_o the_o assistence_n of_o reason_n i_o can_v no_o more_o refuse_v to_o perceive_v no_o more_o avoid_v know_v it_o than_o i_o can_v avoid_v see_v those_o object_n which_o i_o turn_v my_o eye_n to_o and_o look_v on_o in_o daylight_n and_o what_o upon_o full_a examination_n i_o find_v the_o most_o probable_a i_o can_v deny_v my_o assent_n to_o but_o though_o we_o can_v hinder_v our_o knowledge_n where_o the_o agreement_n be_v once_o perceive_v by_o our_o mind_n nor_o our_o assent_n where_o the_o probability_n manifest_o appear_v upon_o due_a consideration_n of_o all_o the_o measure_n of_o it_o yet_o we_o can_v hinder_v both_o knowledge_n and_o assent_n by_o stop_v our_o enquiry_n and_o not_o employ_v our_o faculty_n in_o the_o search_n of_o any_o truth_n if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o ignorance_n error_n or_o infidelity_n can_v not_o in_o any_o case_n be_v a_o fault_n thus_o in_o some_o case_n we_o can_v prevent_v or_o suspend_v our_o assent_n but_o can_v a_o man_n verse_v in_o modern_a or_o ancient_a history_n doubt_v whether_o there_o be_v such_o a_o place_n as_o rome_n or_o whether_o there_o be_v such_o a_o man_n as_o julius_n caesar_n indeed_o there_o be_v million_o of_o truth_n that_o a_o man_n be_v not_o or_o may_v not_o think_v himself_o concern_v to_o know_v as_o whether_o richard_n the_o three_o be_v crook-backed_a or_o no_o or_o whether_o roger_n bacon_n be_v a_o mathematician_n or_o a_o magician_n in_o these_o and_o such_o like_a case_n where_o the_o assent_n one_o way_n or_o other_o be_v of_o no_o importance_n to_o the_o interest_n of_o any_o one_o no_o action_n no_o concernment_n of_o his_o follow_v or_o depend_v thereon_o there_o it_o be_v not_o strange_a that_o the_o mind_n shall_v give_v itself_o up_o to_o the_o common_a opinion_n or_o render_v itself_o to_o the_o first_o comer_n these_o and_o the_o like_a opinion_n be_v of_o so_o little_a weight_n and_o moment_n that_o like_a mote_n in_o the_o sun_n their_o tendency_n be_v very_o rare_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o be_v there_o as_o it_o be_v by_o chance_n and_o the_o mind_n let_v they_o float_v at_o liberty_n but_o where_o the_o mind_n judge_n the_o proposition_n have_v concernment_n in_o it_o where_o the_o assent_n or_o not_o assent_v be_v think_v to_o draw_v consequence_n after_o it_o of_o moment_n and_o good_a or_o evil_a to_o depend_v on_o choose_v or_o refuse_v the_o right_a side_n and_o the_o mind_n set_v itself_o serious_o to_o inquire_v and_o examine_v the_o
view_n of_o (null)_o knowledge_n in_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o it_o and_o perhaps_o if_o they_o be_v distinct_o weigh_v and_o due_o consider_v they_o will_v afford_v we_o another_o sort_n of_o logic_n and_o critic_n than_o what_o we_o have_v be_v hitherto_o acquaint_v with_o §_o 5._o this_o seem_v to_o i_o the_o first_o and_o most_o general_a as_o well_o as_o natural_a division_n of_o the_o object_n of_o our_o understanding_n for_o since_o a_o man_n can_v employ_v his_o thought_n about_o nothing_o but_o either_o the_o contemplation_n of_o thing_n themselves_o for_o the_o discovery_n of_o truth_n or_o about_o the_o thing_n in_o his_o own_o power_n which_o be_v his_o own_o action_n for_o the_o attainment_n of_o his_o own_o end_n or_o the_o sign_n the_o mind_n make_v use_v of_o both_o in_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o the_o right_a order_n of_o they_o for_o its_o clear_a information_n all_o which_o three_o viz._n thing_n as_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o knowable_a action_n as_o they_o depend_v on_o we_o in_o order_n to_o happiness_n and_o the_o right_a use_n of_o sign_n in_o order_n to_o knowledge_n be_v toto_fw-la caelum_fw-la different_a they_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v the_o three_o great_a province_n of_o the_o intellectual_a world_n whole_o separate_v and_o distinct_a one_o from_o another_o finis_fw-la the_o content_n book_n i._o of_o innate_a notion_n chap._n 1._o introduction_n 2._o no_o innate_a speculative_a principle_n 3._o no_o innate_a practical_a principle_n 4._o other_o proof_n against_o innate_a principle_n book_n ii_o of_o idea_n chap._n 1._o of_o idea_n in_o general_n 2._o of_o simple_a idea_n 3._o of_o idea_n of_o one_o sense_n 4._o of_o solidity_n 5._o of_o simple_a idea_n of_o more_o than_o one_o sense_n 6._o of_o simple_a idea_n of_o reflection_n 7._o of_o simple_a idea_n both_o of_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n 8._o other_o consideration_n concern_v simple_a idea_n 9_o of_o perception_n 10._o of_o retention_n 11._o of_o discern_v 12._o of_o complex_fw-la ideas_n 13._o of_o space_n and_o its_o simple_a modes_n 14._o of_o duration_n 15._o of_o extension_n and_o duration_n consider_v together_o 16._o of_o number_n 17._o of_o infinity_o 18._o of_o other_o simple_a modes_n 19_o of_o the_o modes_n of_o think_v 20._o of_o the_o modes_n of_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n 21._o of_o power_n 22._o of_o mix_a modes_n 23._o of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n 24._o of_o the_o collective_a idea_n of_o substance_n 25._o of_o relation_n 26._o of_o cause_n and_o effect_v and_o other_o relation_n 27._o of_o other_o relation_n 28._o of_o clear_a and_o distinct_a obscure_a and_o confuse_a idea_n 29._o of_o real_a and_o fantastical_a idea_n 30._o of_o adequate_a and_o inadequate_a idea_n 31._o of_o true_a and_o false_a idea_n book_n iii_o of_o word_n chap._n 1._o of_o word_n and_o language_n in_o general_n 2._o of_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n 3._o of_o general_a term_n 4._o of_o the_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n 5._o of_o the_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n and_o relation_n 6._o of_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n 7._o of_o abstract_n and_o concrete_a term_n 8._o of_o the_o imperfection_n of_o word_n 9_o of_o the_o abuse_n of_o word_n 10._o of_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o forego_n imperfection_n and_o abuse_n book_n iv._o of_o knowledge_n and_o opinion_n chap._n 1._o of_o knowledge_n in_o general_n 2._o of_o the_o degree_n of_o our_o knowledge_n 3._o of_o the_o extent_n of_o (null)_o knowledge_n 4._o of_o the_o reality_n of_o our_o knowledge_n 5._o of_o truth_n in_o general_n 6._o of_o universal_a proposition_n their_o truth_n and_o certainty_n 7._o of_o maxim_n 8._o of_o trifle_a proposition_n 9_o of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o existence_n 10._o of_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god._n 11._o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o other_o thing_n 12._o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n 13._o some_o other_o consideration_n concern_v our_o knowledge_n 14._o of_o judgement_n 15._o of_o probability_n 16._o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n 17._o of_o reason_n 18._o of_o faith_n and_o reason_n as_o contradistinguish_v 19_o of_o wrong_a assent_n or_o error_n 20._o the_o division_n of_o the_o science_n the_o content_n book_n i._n chap._n i._o introduction_n sect_n 1._o a_o enquiry_n into_o the_o understanding_n pleasant_a and_o useful_a 2._o design_n 3._o method_n 4._o useful_a to_o know_v the_o extent_n of_o our_o comprehension_n 5._o our_o capacity_n proportion_v to_o our_o state_n and_o concern_v to_o discover_v thing_n useful_a to_o we_o 6._o know_v the_o extent_n of_o our_o capacity_n will_v hinder_v we_o from_o useless_a curiosity_n scepticism_n and_o idleness_n 7._o occasion_n of_o this_o essay_n 8._o apology_n for_o idea_n chap._n ii_o no_o innate_a speculative_a principle_n sect_n 1._o the_o way_n show_v how_o we_o come_v by_o any_o knowledge_n sufficient_a to_o prove_v it_o not_o innate_a 2._o general_n assent_n the_o great_a argument_n 3._o universal_a consent_n prove_v nothing_o innate_a 4._o what_o be_v be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v not_o universal_o assent_v to_o 5._o not_o on_o the_o mind_n natural_o imprint_v because_o not_o know_v to_o child_n idiot_n etc._n etc._n 6_o 7._o that_o man_n know_v they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n answer_v 8._o if_o reason_n discover_v they_o that_o will_v not_o prove_v they_o innate_a 9_o 11._o it_o be_v false_a that_o reason_n discover_v they_o 12._o the_o come_n to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n not_o the_o time_n we_o come_v to_o know_v these_o maxim_n 13._o by_o this_o they_o be_v not_o distinguish_v from_o other_o knowable_a truth_n 14._o if_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v the_o time_n of_o their_o discovery_n it_o will_v not_o prove_v they_o innate_a 15_o 16._o the_o step_n by_o which_o the_o mind_n attain_v several_a truth_n 17._o assent_v as_o soon_o as_o propose_v and_o understand_v prove_v they_o not_o innate_a 18._o if_o such_o a_o assent_n be_v a_o mark_n of_o innate_a than_o that_o one_o and_o two_o be_v equal_a to_o three_o that_o sweetness_n be_v not_o bitterness_n and_o a_o thousand_o the_o like_a must_v be_v innate_a 19_o such_o less_o general_a proposition_n know_v before_o these_o universal_a maxim_n 20._o one_o and_o one_o equal_a to_o two_o etc._n etc._n not_o general_a nor_o useful_a answer_v 21._o these_o maxim_n not_o be_v know_v sometime_o till_o propose_v prove_v they_o not_o innate_a 22._o implicit_o know_v before_o propose_v signify_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o understand_v they_o or_o else_o signify_v nothing_o 23._o the_o argument_n of_o assent_v on_o first_o hear_v be_v upon_o a_o false_a supposition_n of_o no_o precedent_a teach_n 24._o not_o innate_a because_o not_o universal_o assent_v to_o 25._o these_o maxim_n not_o the_o first_o know_v 26._o and_o so_o not_o innate_a 27._o not_o innate_a because_o they_o appear_v least_o where_o what_o be_v innate_a show_v itself_o clear_a 28._o recapitulation_n chap._n iii_o no_o innate_a practical_a principle_n sect_n 1._o no_o moral_a principle_n so_o clear_a and_o so_o general_o receive_v as_o the_o forementioned_a speculative_a maxim_n 2._o faith_n and_o justice_n not_o own_v as_o principle_n by_o all_o men._n 3._o obj._n though_o man_n deny_v they_o in_o their_o practice_n yet_o they_o admit_v they_o in_o their_o thought_n answer_v 4._o moral_a rule_n need_v a_o proof_n ergo_fw-la not_o innate_a 5._o instance_n in_o keep_v compact_n 6._o virtue_n general_o approve_v not_o because_o innate_a but_o because_o profitable_a 7._o man_n action_n convince_v we_o that_o the_o rule_n of_o virtue_n be_v not_o their_o internal_a principle_n 8._o conscience_n no_o proof_n of_o any_o innate_a moral_a rule_n 9_o instance_n of_o enormity_n practise_v without_o remorse_n 10._o man_n have_v contrary_a practical_a principle_n 11_o 13._o whole_a nation_n reject_v several_a moral_a rule_n 14._o those_o who_o maintain_v innate_a practical_a principle_n tell_v we_o not_o what_o they_o be_v 15_o 19_o lord_n herbert_n innate_a principle_n examine_v 20._o obj._n innate_a principle_n may_v be_v corrupt_v answer_v 21._o contrary_a principle_n in_o the_o world_n 22_o 26._o how_o man_n common_o come_v by_o their_o principle_n 27._o principle_n must_v be_v examine_v chap._n iu._n other_o consideration_n about_o innate_a principle_n both_o speculative_a and_o practical_a sect_n 1._o principle_n not_o innate_a unless_o their_o idea_n be_v innate_a 2_o 3._o idea_n especial_o those_o belong_v to_o principle_n not_o bear_v with_o child_n 4_o 5._o identity_n a_o idea_n not_o innate_a 6._o whole_o and_o part_v not_o innate_a idea_n 7._o idea_n of_o worship_n not_o innate_a 8_o 11._o idea_n of_o god_n not_o innate_a 12._o suitable_a to_o god_n goodness_n that_o all_o man_n shall_v have_v a_o idea_n of_o he_o therefore_o
itself_o not_o to_o all_o the_o relation_n of_o all_o our_o idea_n 4._o four_o nor_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n 5._o five_o sensitive_a knowledge_n narrow_a than_o either_o 6._o six_o our_o knowledge_n therefore_o narrow_a than_o our_o idea_n 7._o how_o far_o our_o knowledge_n reach_v 8._o first_o our_o knowledge_n of_o identity_n and_o diversity_n as_o far_o as_o our_o idea_n 9_o second_o of_o coexistence_n a_o very_a little_a way_n 10._o because_o the_o connexion_n between_o most_o simple_a idea_n be_v unknown_a 11._o especial_o of_o secondary_a quality_n 12_o 14._o and_o far_o because_o all_o connexion_n between_o any_o secondary_a aâ—d_a primary_n quality_n be_v undiscoverable_a 15._o of_o repugnancy_n to_o co-exist_a large_a 16._o of_o the_o coexistence_n of_o power_n a_o very_a little_a way_n 17._o of_o the_o spirit_n yet_o narrow_a 18._o three_o of_o other_o relation_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o say_v how_o far_o morality_n capable_a of_o demonstration_n 19_o two_o thing_n have_v make_v moral_a idea_n think_v uncapable_a of_o demonstration_n their_o complexedness_n and_o want_v of_o sensible_a representation_n 20._o remedy_n of_o those_o difficulty_n 21._o four_o of_o real_a existence_n we_o have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o demonstrative_a of_o god_n sensible_a of_o some_o few_o other_o thing_n 22._o our_o ignorance_n great_a 23._o first_o one_o cause_n of_o it_o want_v of_o idea_n either_o such_o as_o we_o have_v no_o conception_n of_o or_o such_o as_o particular_o we_o have_v not_o 24._o because_o of_o their_o remoteness_n or_o 25._o because_o of_o their_o minuteness_n 26._o hence_o no_o science_n of_o body_n 27._o much_o less_o of_o spirit_n 28._o second_o want_v of_o a_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o idea_n we_o have_v 29._o instance_n 30._o three_o want_v of_o trace_v our_o idea_n 31._o extent_n in_o respect_n of_o universality_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o reality_n of_o our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o objection_n knowledge_n place_v in_o idea_n may_v be_v all_o bare_a vision_n 2_o 3._o answer_v not_o so_o where_o idea_n agree_v with_o thing_n 4._o as_o first_o all_o simple_a idea_n do_v 5._o second_o all_o complex_fw-la idea_n except_o of_o substance_n 6._o hence_o the_o reality_n of_o mathematical_a knowledge_n 7._o and_o of_o moral_a 8._o existence_n not_o require_v to_o make_v it_o real_a 9_o nor_o will_v it_o be_v less_o true_a or_o certain_a because_o moral_a idea_n be_v of_o our_o own_o make_n and_o name_v 10._o mis-naming_a disturb_v not_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o knowledge_n 11._o idea_n of_o substance_n have_v their_o archetype_n without_o we_o 12._o so_o far_o as_o they_o agree_v with_o those_o so_o far_o our_o knowledge_n concern_v they_o be_v real_a 13._o in_o our_o inquiry_n about_o substance_n we_o must_v consider_v idea_n and_o not_o consine_n our_o thought_n to_o name_n or_o species_n suppose_v set_v out_o by_o name_n 14_o 17._o objection_n against_o a_o changeling_n be_v something_o between_o man_n and_o beast_n answer_v 18._o recapitulation_n chap._n v._o of_o truth_n in_o general_n sect_n 1._o what_o truth_n be_v 2._o a_o right_a join_n or_o separate_v of_o sign_n i_o e._n idea_n or_o word_n 3._o which_o make_v mental_a or_o verbal_a proposition_n 4._o mental_a proposition_n be_v very_o hard_a to_o be_v treat_v of_o 5_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o join_n or_o separate_a idea_n without_o word_n 6._o when_o mental_a proposition_n contain_v real_a truth_n and_o when_o verbal_a 7._o objection_n against_o verbal_a truth_n that_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o alchimerical_a 8._o answer_v real_a truth_n be_v about_o idea_n agree_v to_o thing_n 9_o falshood_n be_v the_o join_n of_o name_n otherwise_o than_o their_o idea_n agree_v 10._o general_a proposition_n to_o be_v treat_v of_o more_o at_o large_a 11._o moral_a and_o metaphysical_a truth_n chap._n vi_o of_o universal_a proposition_n their_o truth_n and_o certainty_n sect_n 1._o treat_v of_o word_n necessary_a to_o knowledge_n 2._o general_a truth_n hardly_o to_o be_v understand_v but_o in_o verbal_a proposition_n 3._o certainty_n twofold_n of_o truth_n and_o of_o knowledge_n 4._o no_o proposition_n can_v be_v know_v to_o be_v true_a where_o the_o essence_n of_o each_o species_n mention_v be_v not_o know_v 5._o this_o more_o particular_o concern_v substance_n 6._o the_o truth_n of_o few_o universal_a proposition_n concern_v substance_n be_v to_o be_v know_v 7._o because_o coexistence_n of_o idea_n in_o few_o case_n to_o be_v know_v 8_o 9_o instance_n in_o gold_n 10._o as_o far_o as_o any_o such_o coexistence_n can_v be_v know_v so_o far_o universal_a proposition_n may_v be_v certain_a but_o this_o will_v go_v but_o a_o little_a way_n because_o 11_o 12._o the_o quality_n which_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n depend_v most_o on_o external_a remote_a and_o unperceived_a cause_n 13._o judgement_n may_v reach_v far_o but_o that_o be_v not_o knowledge_n 14._o what_o be_v requisite_a for_o our_o knowledge_n of_o substance_n 15._o whilst_o our_o idea_n of_o substance_n contain_v not_o their_o real_a constitution_n we_o can_v make_v but_o few_o general_a certain_a proposition_n concern_v they_o 16._o wherein_o lie_v the_o general_a certainty_n of_o proposition_n chap._n vii_o of_o maxim_n sect_n 1._o they_o be_v self-evident_a 2._o wherein_o that_o self-evidence_n consist_v 3._o self-evidence_n not_o peculiar_a to_o receive_v axiom_n 4._o first_o as_o to_o identity_n and_o diversity_n all_o proposition_n be_v equal_o self-evident_a 5._o second_o in_o coexistence_n we_o have_v few_o self-evident_a proposition_n 6._o three_o in_o other_o relation_n we_o may_v have_v 7._o four_o concern_v real_a existence_n we_o have_v none_o 8._o these_o axiom_n do_v not_o much_o influence_n our_o other_o knowledge_n 9_o 10._o because_o they_o be_v not_o the_o truth_n the_o first_o know_v 11._o what_o use_v these_o general_a maxim_n have_v 12._o maxim_n if_o care_n be_v not_o take_v in_o the_o use_n of_o word_n may_v prove_v contradictioâ—s_n 13._o instance_n in_o vacuum_n 14._o they_o prove_v not_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o 15._o their_o application_n dangerous_a about_o complex_fw-la ideas_n 16_o 18_o instance_n in_o man._n 19_o little_a use_n of_o these_o maxim_n in_o proof_n where_o we_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n 20._o their_o use_n dangerous_a where_o our_o idea_n be_v confuse_v chap._n viii_o of_o trifle_a proposition_n sect_n 1._o some_o proposition_n bring_v no_o increase_n to_o our_o knowledge_n 2_o 3._o as_o first_o identical_a proposition_n 4._o second_o when_o a_o part_n of_o any_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v predicate_v of_o the_o whole_a 5._o as_o part_v of_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o define_v 6._o instance_n man_n and_o palfry_n 7._o for_o this_o teach_v but_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n 8._o but_o no_o real_a knowledge_n 9_o general_a proposition_n concern_v substance_n be_v often_o trifle_v 10._o and_o why_o 11._o three_o use_v word_n various_o be_v trifle_v with_o they_o 12._o mark_n of_o verbal_a proposition_n first_o predication_n in_o abstract_n 13._o second_o a_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n predicate_v of_o any_o term_n chap._n ix_o of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o existence_n sect_n 1._o general_n certain_a proposition_n concern_v not_o existence_n 2._o a_o threefold_a knowledge_n of_o existence_n 3._o our_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o existence_n be_v intuitive_a chap._n x._o of_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god._n sect_n 1._o we_o be_v capable_a of_o know_v certain_o that_o there_o be_v a_o god._n 2._o man_n know_v that_o he_o himself_o be_v 3._o he_o know_v also_o that_o nothing_o can_v produce_v a_o be_v therefore_o something_o eternal_a 4._o that_o eternal_a be_v must_v be_v most_o powerful_a 5._o and_o most_o know_v 6._o and_o therefore_o god._n 7._o our_o idea_n of_o a_o most_o perfect_a be_v not_o the_o sole_a proof_n of_o a_o god._n 8._o something_o from_o eternity_n 9_o two_o sort_n of_o being_n cogitative_a and_o incogitative_a 10._o incogitative_a be_v can_v produce_v a_o cogitative_a 11_o 12._o therefore_o there_o have_v be_v a_o eternal_a wisdom_n 13._o whether_o material_a or_o no._n 14._o not_o material_a first_o because_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n be_v not_o cogitative_a 15._o second_o one_o particle_n alone_o of_o matter_n can_v be_v cogitative_a 16._o three_o a_o system_fw-la of_o incogitative_a matter_n can_v be_v cogitative_a 17._o whether_o in_o motion_n or_o at_o rest_n 18_o 19_o matter_n not_o coeternal_a with_o a_o eternal_a mind_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o other_o thing_n sect_n 1._o be_v to_o be_v have_v only_o by_o sensation_n 2._o instance_n whiteness_n of_o this_o paper_n 3._o this_o though_o not_o so_o certain_a as_o demonstration_n yet_o may_v be_v call_v knowledge_n and_o prove_v the_o existence_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o 4._o first_o because_o we_o can_v have_v they_o but_o by_o the_o inlet_n of_o
the_o sense_n 5._o because_o a_o idea_n from_o actual_a sensation_n and_o another_o from_o memory_n be_v very_o distinct_a perception_n 6._o three_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n which_o accompany_v actual_a sensation_n accompany_v not_o the_o return_v of_o those_o idea_n without_o the_o external_a object_n 7._o four_o our_o sense_n assist_v one_o another_o testimony_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o outward_a thing_n 8._o this_o certainty_n be_v as_o great_a as_o our_o condition_n needs_o 9_o but_o reach_v no_o far_a than_o actual_a sensation_n 10._o folly_n to_o expect_v demonstration_n in_o every_o thing_n 11._o past_a existence_n be_v know_v by_o memory_n 12._o the_o existence_n of_o spirit_n not_o knowable_a 13._o particular_a proposition_n concern_v existence_n be_v knowable_a 14._o and_o general_a proposition_n concern_v abstract_a idea_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o knowledge_n be_v not_o from_o maxim_n 2._o the_o occasion_n of_o that_o opinion_n 3._o but_o from_o the_o compare_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n 4._o dangerous_a to_o build_v upon_o precarious_a principle_n 5._o this_o no_o certain_a way_n to_o truth_n 6._o but_o to_o compare_v clear_a complete_a idea_n under_o steady_a name_n 7._o the_o true_a method_n of_o advance_v knowledge_n be_v by_o consider_v our_o abstract_n idea_n 8._o by_o which_o morality_n also_o may_v be_v make_v clear_a 9_o but_o knowledge_n of_o body_n be_v to_o be_v improve_v only_o by_o experience_n 10._o this_o may_v procure_v we_o convenience_n not_o science_n 11._o we_o be_v fit_v for_o moral_a knowledge_n and_o natural_a improvement_n 12._o but_o must_v beware_v of_o hypothesis_n and_o wrong_a principle_n 13._o the_o true_a use_n of_o hypothesis_n 14._o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n with_o settle_a name_n and_o the_o find_n of_o those_o which_o show_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v the_o way_n to_o enlarge_v our_o knowledge_n 15._o mathematics_n a_o instance_n of_o it_o chap._n xiii_o some_o other_o consideration_n concern_v our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o our_o knowledge_n partly_o necessary_a partly_o voluntary_a 2._o the_o application_n voluntary_a but_o we_o know_v as_o thing_n be_v not_o as_o we_o please_v 3._o instance_n in_o number_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o judgement_n sect_n 1._o our_o knowledge_n be_v short_a we_o want_v something_o else_o 2._o what_o use_v to_o be_v make_v of_o this_o twilight_n estate_n 3._o judgement_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o knowledge_n 4._o judgement_n be_v the_o presume_a thing_n to_o be_v so_o without_o perceive_v it_o chap._n xv._n of_o probability_n sect_n 1._o probability_n be_v the_o appearance_n of_o agreement_n upon_o fallible_a proof_n 2._o it_o be_v to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o knowledge_n 3._o be_v that_o which_o make_v we_o presume_v thing_n to_o be_v true_a before_o we_o know_v they_o to_o be_v so_o 4._o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n be_v two_o conformity_n with_o our_o own_o experience_n or_o the_o testimony_n of_o other_o experience_n 5._o in_o this_o all_o the_o agreement_n pro_fw-la and_o con_v aught_o to_o be_v examine_v before_o we_o come_v to_o a_o judgement_n 6._o they_o be_v capable_a of_o great_a variey_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n sect_n 1._o our_o assent_n ought_v to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n 2._o these_o can_v always_o be_v all_o actual_o in_o view_n and_o then_o we_o must_v content_v ourselves_o with_o the_o remembrance_n that_o we_o once_o see_v ground_n for_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o assent_n 3._o the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o this_o if_o our_o former_a judgement_n be_v not_o right_o make_v 4._o the_o right_a use_n of_o it_o be_v mutual_a charity_n and_o forbearance_n 5._o probability_n be_v either_o of_o matter_n of_o fact_n or_o speculation_n 6._o the_o concurrent_a experience_n of_o all_o other_o man_n with_o we_o produce_v assurance_n approach_v to_o knowledge_n 7._o unquestionable_a testimony_n and_o experience_n for_o the_o most_o part_n produce_v confidence_n 8._o fair_a testimony_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n indifferent_a produce_v also_o confident_a belief_n 9_o experience_n and_o testimony_n clash_v infinite_o vary_v the_o degree_n of_o probability_n 10._o traditional_a testimony_n the_o more_o more_o their_o removed_z the_o less_o their_o proof_n 11._o yet_o history_n be_v of_o great_a use_n 12._o in_o thing_n which_o sense_n can_v discover_v analogy_n be_v the_o great_a rule_n of_o probability_n 13._o one_o case_n where_o contrary_a experience_n lessen_v not_o the_o testimony_n 14._o the_o bare_a testimony_n of_o revelation_n be_v the_o high_a certainty_n chap._n xvii_o of_o reason_n sect_n 1._o various_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n reason_n 2._o wherein_o reason_v consist_v 3._o it_o be_v four_o part_n 4._o syllogism_n not_o the_o great_a instrument_n of_o reason_n 5._o help_v little_a in_o demonstration_n less_o in_o probability_n 6._o serve_v not_o to_o increase_v our_o knowledge_n but_o fence_n with_o it_o 7._o other_o help_n shall_v be_v seek_v 8._o we_o reason_v about_o particular_n 9_o first_o reason_n fail_v we_o for_o want_v of_o idea_n 10._o second_o because_o of_o obscure_a and_o imperfect_a idea_n 11._o three_o for_o want_v of_o intermediate_v idea_n 12._o four_o because_o of_o wrong_a principle_n 13._o five_o because_o of_o doubtful_a term_n 14._o our_o high_a degree_n of_o knowledge_n be_v intuitive_a without_o reason_v 15._o the_o next_o be_v demonstration_n by_o reason_v 16._o to_o supply_v the_o narrowness_n of_o this_o we_o have_v nothing_o but_o judgement_n upon_o probable_a reason_n 17._o intuition_n demonstration_n judgement_n 18._o consequence_n of_o word_n and_o consequence_n of_o idea_n 19_o four_o sort_n of_o argument_n first_o ad_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la 20._o second_o ad_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la 21._o three_o ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la 22._o four_o ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la 23._o above_o contrary_a and_o according_a to_o reason_n 24._o reason_n and_o faith_n not_o opposite_a chap._n xviii_o of_o faith_n and_o reason_n and_o their_o distinct_a province_n sect_n 1._o necessary_a to_o know_v their_o boundary_n 2._o faith_n and_o reason_n what_o as_o contradistinguish_v 3._o no_o new_a simple_a idea_n can_v be_v convey_v by_o traditional_a revelation_n 4._o traditional_a revelation_n may_v make_v we_o know_v proposition_n knowable_a also_o by_o reason_n but_o not_o with_o the_o same_o certainty_n that_o reason_n do_v 5._o revelation_n can_v be_v admit_v against_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n 6._o traditional_a revelation_n much_o less_o 7._o thing_n above_o reason_n 8._o or_o not_o contrary_a to_o reason_n if_o reveal_v be_v matter_n of_o faith_n 9_o revelation_n in_o matter_n where_o reason_n can_v judge_v or_o but_o probable_o aught_o to_o be_v hearken_v to_o 10._o in_o matter_n where_o reason_n can_v afford_v certain_a knowledge_n that_o be_v to_o be_v hearken_v to_o 11._o if_o the_o boundary_n be_v not_o set_v between_o faith_n and_o reason_n no_o enthusiasm_n or_o extravagancy_n in_o religion_n can_v be_v contradict_v chap._n xix_o of_o wrong_a assent_n or_o error_n sect_n 1._o cause_n of_o error_n 2._o first_o want_v of_o proof_n 3._o obj._n what_o shall_v become_v of_o those_o who_o want_v they_o answer_v 4._o people_n hinder_v from_o enquiry_n 5._o second_o want_v of_o skill_n to_o use_v they_o 6._o three_o want_v of_o will_n to_o use_v they_o 7._o four_o wrong_v measure_n of_o probability_n whereof_o 8_o 10._o first_o doubtful_a proposition_n take_v for_o principle_n 11._o second_o receive_v hypothesis_n 12._o three_o predominant_a passion_n 13._o the_o mean_n of_o evade_n probability_n one_a suppose_a fallacy_n 14._o two_o suppose_a argument_n for_o the_o contrary_n 15._o what_o probability_n determine_v the_o assent_n 16._o where_o it_o be_v in_o our_o power_n to_o suspend_v it_o 17._o four_o authority_n 18._o man_n not_o in_o so_o many_o error_n as_o be_v imagine_v chap._n xx._n division_n of_o the_o science_n sect_n 1._o three_o sort_n 2._o first_o physica_n 3._o second_o practica_fw-la 4._o three_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 5._o this_o be_v the_o first_o division_n of_o the_o object_n of_o knowledge_n finis_fw-la finis_fw-la gruber_n apud_fw-la thevenot_n part_v 4._o p._n 23._o 23._o lambert_n apud_fw-la there-not_a p._n 38._o 38._o vossius_fw-la de_fw-la nili_n origine_fw-la c._n 18.19_o 18.19_o p._n mart._n dec._n 1._o have_v des_fw-fr incas_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 12._o 12._o lery_z c._n 16._o 16._o rhoe_n apud_fw-la thevenot_n p_o 2._o 2._o jo._n de_fw-fr lery_z c._n 16._o 16._o a_o gry_a be_v 1_o â—â—_o of_o a_o line_n a_o line_n 1_o 10_o of_o a_o inch_n a_o inch_n 1_o 1â—_n of_o a_o philosophical_a foot_n a_o philosophical_a foot_n 1_o â—_o of_o a_o pendulum_fw-la who_o diadromsâ—_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 45_o degree_n be_v each_o equal_a to_o one_o second_o of_o time_n or_o 1_o 6â—_n of_o a_o minute_n i_o have_v affect_o make_v use_v of_o this_o measure_n here_o and_o the_o part_n of_o it_o under_o a_o decimal_n division_n with_o name_n to_o theâ—â—_n because_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v of_o general_a convenience_n that_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o common_a measure_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o letter_n
but_o if_o another_o shall_v come_v and_o make_v to_o himself_o another_o idea_n different_a from_o cartes_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o yet_o with_o cartes_n he_o call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n body_n and_o make_v his_o idea_n which_o he_o express_v by_o the_o word_n body_n to_o consist_v of_o extension_n and_o solidity_n together_o he_o will_v as_o easy_o demonstrate_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o vacuum_n or_o space_n without_o a_o body_n as_o cartes_n demonstrate_v the_o contrary_a because_o the_o idea_n to_o which_o he_o give_v the_o name_n space_n be_v bare_a extension_n and_o the_o idea_n to_o which_o he_o give_v the_o name_n body_n be_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o extension_n and_o resistibility_n or_o solidity_n together_o these_o two_o idea_n be_v not_o exact_o one_o and_o the_o same_o but_o in_o the_o understanding_n as_o distinct_a as_o the_o idea_n of_o one_o and_o two_o white_a and_o black_a or_o as_o of_o corporeity_n and_o humanity_n if_o i_o may_v use_v those_o barbarous_a term_n and_o therefore_o the_o predication_n of_o they_o in_o our_o mind_n or_o in_o word_n stand_v for_o they_o be_v not_o identical_a but_o the_o negation_n of_o they_o one_o of_o another_o as_o certain_a and_o evident_a as_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v §_o 14._o but_o yet_o though_o both_o these_o proposition_n as_o you_o see_v may_v be_v equal_o demonstrate_v viz._n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o vacuum_n and_o that_o there_o can_v be_v a_o vacuum_n by_o these_o two_o certain_a principle_n viz._n what_o be_v be_v and_o the_o same_o thing_n can_v be_v and_o not_o be_v yet_o neither_o of_o these_o principle_n will_v serve_v to_o prove_v to_o we_o that_o any_o or_o what_o body_n do_v exist_v for_o that_o we_o be_v leâ—t_v to_o our_o sense_n to_o discover_v to_o we_o as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v those_o universal_a and_o self-evident_a principle_n be_v only_o our_o constant_a clear_a and_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n more_o general_a or_o comprehensive_a can_v assure_v we_o of_o nothing_o that_o pass_v without_o the_o mind_n their_o certainty_n be_v found_v only_o upon_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v of_o each_o idea_n by_o its_o self_n and_o of_o its_o distinction_n from_o other_o about_o which_o we_o can_v be_v mistake_v whilst_o they_o be_v in_o our_o mind_n though_o we_o may_v and_o often_o be_v mistake_v when_o we_o retain_v the_o name_n without_o the_o idea_n or_o use_v they_o confuse_o sometime_o for_o one_o and_o sometime_o for_o another_o idea_n in_o which_o case_n the_o source_n of_o these_o axiom_n reach_v only_o to_o the_o sound_n and_o not_o the_o signfication_n of_o the_o word_n serve_v only_o to_o lead_v we_o into_o confusion_n mistake_v and_o error_n §_o 15._o but_o let_v they_o be_v of_o what_o use_v they_o will_v in_o verbal_a proposition_n they_o can_v discover_v or_o prove_v to_o we_o the_o least_o knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o substance_n as_o they_o be_v find_v and_o exist_v without_o we_o any_o far_a than_o ground_v on_o experience_n and_o though_o the_o consequence_n of_o these_o two_o proposition_n call_v principle_n be_v very_o clear_a and_o their_o use_n not_o very_o dangerous_a or_o hurtful_a in_o the_o probation_n of_o such_o thing_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o need_n at_o all_o of_o they_o for_o proof_n but_o such_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o themselves_o without_o they_o viz._n where_o our_o idea_n be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a and_o know_v by_o the_o name_n that_o stand_v for_o they_o yet_o when_o these_o principle_n viz._n what_o be_v be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o probation_n of_o proposition_n wherein_o be_v word_n stand_v for_o complex_fw-la idea_n v_o g_o man_n horse_n gold_n virtue_n there_o they_o be_v of_o infinite_a danger_n and_o most_o common_o make_v man_n receive_v and_o retain_v falsehood_n for_o manifest_a truth_n and_o uncertainty_n for_o demonstration_n upon_o which_o follow_v error_n obstinacy_n and_o all_o the_o mischief_n that_o can_v happen_v from_o wrong_n reason_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v not_o that_o these_o principle_n be_v less_o true_a in_o such_o proposition_n consist_v of_o word_n stand_v for_o complex_fw-la idea_n than_o in_o those_o of_o simple_a idea_n but_o because_o man_n mistake_v general_o think_v such_o proposition_n to_o be_v about_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n and_o not_o the_o bare_a signification_n of_o word_n when_o indeed_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n nothing_o else_o as_o be_v clear_a in_o the_o demonstration_n of_o vacuum_n where_o the_o word_n body_n sometime_o stand_v for_o one_o idea_n and_o sometime_o for_o another_o but_o shall_v be_v yet_o make_v more_o manifest_a §_o 16._o as_o for_o instance_n let_v man_n be_v that_o concern_v which_o you_o will_v by_o these_o first_o principle_n demonstrate_v any_o thing_n and_o we_o shall_v see_v that_o so_o far_o as_o demonstration_n be_v by_o these_o principle_n it_o be_v only_o verbal_a and_o give_v we_o no_o certain_a universal_a true_a proposition_n or_o knowledge_n of_o any_o be_v existing_a without_o we_o first_o a_o child_n have_v frame_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o man_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o his_o idea_n be_v just_a like_o that_o picture_n which_o the_o painter_n make_v of_o the_o visible_a appearance_n join_v together_o and_o such_o a_o complexion_n of_o idea_n together_o in_o his_o understanding_n make_v up_o the_o single_a complex_fw-la idea_n which_o he_o call_v man_n whereof_o white_a or_o flesh-colour_n in_o england_n be_v one_o the_o child_n can_v demonstrate_v to_o you_o that_o a_o negro_n be_v not_o a_o man_n because_o whitecolour_n be_v one_o of_o the_o constant_a simple_a idea_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n he_o call_v man_n and_o therefore_o he_o can_v demonstrate_v by_o the_o principle_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v that_o a_o negro_n be_v not_o a_o man_n the_o foundation_n of_o his_o certainty_n be_v not_o that_o universal_a proposition_n which_o perhaps_o he_o never_o hear_v nor_o think_v of_o but_o the_o clear_a distinct_a perception_n he_o have_v of_o his_o own_o simple_a idea_n of_o black_a and_o white_a which_o he_o can_v be_v persuade_v to_o take_v nor_o can_v ever_o mistake_v one_o for_o another_o whether_o he_o know_v that_o maxim_n or_o no_o and_o to_o this_o child_n or_o any_o one_o who_o have_v such_o a_o idea_n which_o he_o call_v man_n can_v you_o never_o demonstrate_v that_o a_o man_n have_v a_o soul_n because_o his_o idea_n of_o man_n include_v no_o such_o notion_n or_o idea_n in_o it_o and_o therefore_o to_o he_o the_o principle_n of_o what_o be_v be_v prove_v not_o this_o matter_n but_o it_o depend_v upon_o collection_n and_o observation_n by_o which_o he_o be_v to_o make_v his_o complex_fw-la idea_n call_v man._n §_o 17._o second_o another_o that_o have_v go_v far_o in_o frame_v and_o collect_v the_o idea_n he_o call_v man_n and_o to_o the_o outward_a shape_n add_v laughter_n and_o rational_a discourse_n may_v demonstrate_v that_o infant_n and_o changeling_n be_v no_o man_n by_o this_o maxim_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v and_o i_o have_v discourse_v with_o very_o rational_a man_n who_o have_v actual_o deny_v that_o they_o be_v men._n §_o 18._o three_o perhaps_o another_o make_v we_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o he_o call_v man_n only_o out_o of_o the_o idea_n of_o body_n in_o general_n and_o the_o power_n of_o language_n and_o reason_n and_o leave_v out_o the_o shape_n whole_o this_o man_n be_v able_a to_o demonstrate_v that_o a_o man_n may_v have_v no_o hand_n but_o be_v quadrupes_fw-la neither_o of_o those_o be_v include_v in_o his_o idea_n of_o man_n and_o in_o whatever_o body_n or_o shape_n he_o find_v speech_n and_o reason_n join_v that_o be_v a_o man_n because_o have_v a_o clear_a knowledge_n of_o such_o a_o complex_fw-la idea_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o what_o be_v be_v §_o 19_o so_o that_o if_o right_o consider_v i_o think_v we_o may_v say_v that_o where_o our_o idea_n be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a and_o the_o name_n agree_v on_o that_o shall_v stand_v for_o each_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n there_o be_v little_a need_n or_o no_o use_n at_o all_o of_o these_o maxim_n to_o prove_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o of_o they_o he_o that_o can_v discern_v the_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n of_o such_o proposition_n without_o the_o help_n of_o these_o and_o the_o like_a maxim_n will_v not_o be_v help_v by_o these_o maxim_n to_o do_v it_o since_o he_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o know_v the_o truth_n of_o these_o maxim_n themselves_o without_o proof_n if_o he_o can_v know_v