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A74082 St. Paul and St. James reconcil'd. A sermon preach'd before the Vniversity of Cambridge, at St. Mary's Church, on Commencement-Sunday in the afternoon, June 30. 1700. / By Offspring Blackall, D.D. Chaplain in ordinary to Her Majesty.. Blackall, Offspring, 1654-1716. 1700 (1700) Wing B3050B; ESTC T48539 17,980 17

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Adversaries And that his main Design was to oppose one or other of them in all those Places wherein those Passages are found which so much magnifie Faith and vilifie Works which are especially the Epistles to the Romans and Galatians will I suppose readily appear to any one that shall attentively read them over and I think it will be impossible to make out the Context or to shew how those places do at all tend to the carrying on these Designs if we take the words Faith and Works in any other Sense than I have before said St. Paul does use them in But Secondly That the Apostle St. Paul did not intend to exclude such good Works as St. James here requires viz. Obedience to the Precepts of the Gospel from being necessary to our final Justification at the great day will yet further and more plainly appear if in a reading over those Epistles we do but observe the several Cautions that are here and there intermix'd as it were on purpose to prevent our putting such an Interpretation upon his Words And first in the Epistle to the Romans in Chap. 2. Ver. 6. he tells us plainly that God will render to every Man according to his Works Tribulation and Anguish upon every Soul of Man that doth evil and Glory Honor and Peace to every Man that worketh good Which Passage would be very odly put in in a Discourse wherein he was proving the sufficiency of Faith alone for Justification if thereby he had meant such a Faith as might be without good Works But in the 13th Verse of that Chapter he contradicts that Opinion most expresly Not the Hearers of the Law says he shall be just before God but the Doers of the Law shall be justify'd It seems then that St. Paul's Justification by Faith only was not a Justification without Works the Faith that he there speaks of must needs therefore be such a Faith as includes Works in it The Doers of the Law shall be justified And so again Chap. 3. V. 21. after he had said that both Circumcision and Uncircumcision must be justify'd by Faith and that they could not be justify'd any other way that they might not take Faith in such a narrow sense as to exclude good Works he adds Do we then make void the Law through Faith God forbid Yea we establish the Law And to the same purpose again Chap. 6. Ver. 1. What shall we say then shall we continue in Sin that Grace may abound God forbid How shall we that are dead to Sin live any longer therein And again Ver. 15. What then shall we sin because we are not under the Law but under Grace God forbid And lastly to name no more in the 8th Chapter of that Epistle Ver. 1. when he was come to the Conclusion of this Controversy having shewn at large the insufficiency of all other ways and the absolute necessity of accepting the Gospel Truths in order to Justification he goes on to shew the Blessedness of those who believ'd in Christ in these words There is therefore now no Condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus But then left they should mistake him and think that a bare Belief in Christ or the Profession of his Religion only was enough to entitle them to this Blessedness he adds who walk not after the Flesh but after the Spirit The like Care he has also taken in his Epistle to the Galatians where he handles this Controversy again with a special respect to the Jewish Law where we may observe that to prevent all Misunderstanding of what he had delivered touching the sufficiency of Faith without Works he takes frequent occasion to declare his meaning to be only to exclude the Works of the Law not the obedience of the Gospel Particularly in the two last Chapters he is very large in explaining what kind of Liberty he had been before pleading for Stand fast therefore says he in the Liberty wherewith Christ has made us free and be not entangled again with the Yoke of Bondage Galat. 5. 1. And what Bondage he meant appears in the next Verse Behold I Paul say unto you that if you be circumcised Christi shall profit you nothing that is if you still trust to be sav'd by your Jewish Observances you disclaim and renounce the Covenant which Christ hath made for you and so can expect no benefit from it Whosoever of you says he are justify'd that is hope to be justify'd by the Law ye are fallen from Grace For we through the Spirit wait for the hope of Righteousness by Faith We that is We Christians no less than you Jews do wait for the Hope of Righteousness that is for a Reward of our Righteousness But then it is not such a Righteousness as yours a Righteousness consisting in the observation of Rites and Ceremonies but thro' the Spirit that is by a Spiritual Righteousness and 'tis by Faith that is 'tis such a Righteousness as is wrought in us by Faith that is by our Belief of the Gospel of Christ For says he Ver. 6. in Christ Jesus neither Circumcision availeth any thing nor Uncircumcision but Faith not any Faith but Faith wich worketh by Love or Faith which is made perfect by Love which words he repeats again in Chap. 6. Ver. 15. only instead of Faith putting in another Word not so ambiguous In Christ Jesus neither Circumcision availeth any thing nor Uncircumcision but a new Creature And the same Apostle in another parallel place in another of his Epistles puts it out of all doubt what he means in the first of these places by Faith when he expresses the same by Obedience Circumcision is nothing and Uncircumcision but the keeping the Commandments of God 1 Cor. 7. 19. And now by all that hath been said I suppose it sufficiently appears that by Faith St. Paul means something more than only a bare belief of the Gospel-Truths when he makes it the sole Condition of Justification and that by Works he does not mean Works of Evangelical Obedience when he excludes them from being necessary in order to it So that Paul does not any more than St. James exclude such good Works as are the natural Effects of a true lively and Christian Faith from being necessary together with Faith in order to our full and final Justification at the last day And from all that hath or been said I think it appears that St. Paul and St. James agree very well together which was the point that I propos'd to make good St. James indeed says here that Faith alone or a bare Belief of the Gospel will not do without Works answerable to our Belief Ye see how that by Works a Man is justify'd and not by Faith only St. Paul on the other side says that we are justify'd by Faith but tho' this manner of Expression be different from and in the Letter seemingly contradictory to St. James's meaning is plainly the same He affirms indeed that we are justified by Faith but then as I have shewn he means the same thing by Faith that St. James does by Faith and Works too he means such a Faith as a Abraham's was for that is his Example as well as St. James's he means such a Faith as however it is try'd approves it self by a ready Obedience as Abraham's did and the Work which he rejects as useless and unnecessary or as not sufficient are not such as Abraham's were the Fruits of a lively Faith but either meer ritual Observances or else such Works as though materially good are not done out of a good and virtuous Principle In a word he opposes Faith his justfying and saving Faith not to Evangelical Obedience but either to unsinning Obedience by which none can be justify'd because all are Sinners or to an Opinion of Merit which there can never be any Ground for or lastly to the Rites and Ceremonies of Moses's Law which Law he shews was not then obliging and so cou'd not be the Condition of Justification The use we shall make of what hath been said upon this Subject is this we should be hereby incited to the diligent performance of that whole Condition that according to the Doctrine thaught by both these Apostles is requir'd of us in order to Salvation which is not only to believe in Christ and to make profession of the Christian Faith but likewise to live as becomes the Gospel of Christ and to bring forth plenteously all the fruits of Righteousness And this likewise St. Peter teaches in his 2d Epistle 1. 5 c. with whose Words I shall conclude Beside this giving all diligence add to your Faith Virtue and to virtue knowledge and to knowledge temperance and to temperance patience and to patience godliness and to godliness Brotherly kindness and to brotherly kindness Charity For if these things be in you and abound they make you that you shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ But he that lacketh these things is blind and cannot see afar off and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old Sins Wherefore the rather Brethren give diligence to make your Calling and Election sure for if ye do these things ye shall never fall For so an entrance shall be ministred unto you abundantly into the everlasting Kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ Which God of his infinite Mercy grant for the sake of the same our Lord Jesus Christ To whom c. FINIS