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A39662 An exposition of the assemblies catechism with practical inferences from each question as it was carried on in the Lords Days exercises in Dartmouth, in the first year of liberty, 1688 / by John Flavell. Flavel, John, 1630?-1691.; Mather, Increase, 1639-1723.; Westminster Assembly (1643-1652). Shorter catechism. 1692 (1692) Wing F1160; ESTC R25088 171,235 224

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another 1 Kings 20.23 And the servants of the King of Assyria said unto him Their gods are gods of the hills therefore they were stronger than we but let us fight against them in the plain and surely we shall be stronger than they Q. 4. What were the first Creatures worshipped as Gods A. Probably the heavenly Bodies Sun Moon and Stars because of their splendor and influence th●se as Heralds do proclaim God to the World Psal. 19.1 2. The heavens declare the glory of God and the firmament sheweth his handy work Day unto day uttereth speech and night unto night sheweth knowledge And these messengers of God were mistaken for God himself Iob 31.26 27. If I beheld the sun when it shined or the moon walking in brightness and my heart hath been secretly inticed or my mouth hath kissed my hand This also were an iniquity for I should have denied the God that is above Q. 5. What do these words before me import A. It notes God's perfect knowledge and abhorrence of all Idolatry or worshipping of another God as what he cannot endu●e to behold Ier. 44.3 4. Because of their wickedness which they have committed to provoke me to anger in that they went to burn incense to serve other Gods whom they knew not neither they you nor your fathers howbeit I sent unto you all my servants the prophets rising early and sending them saying O do not this abominable thing that I hate Q. 6. Are none guilty of this sin but heathenish Idolaters A. Yes all that place their supream love or trust in any creature make that creature their God and in Scripture are called Idolaters Col. 3.5 And covetousness which is Idolatry Q. 7. How doth the Idolatry forbidden in the first differ from that forbidden in the second Commandment A. The Idolatry forbidden in the first Commandment is a sin respecting the object of worship when we set up any thing in the place of God which by nature is not God Gal. 4.8 Howbeit then when ye knew not God ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods But that against the second Commandment is when we pretend to worship the true God but do it by such means and in such a manner as he hath not required or hath forbidden Exod. 32.4 5. And he received them at their hands and fashioned it with a graving tool after he had made a molten calf and they said These be thy gods O Israel which brought thee up out of the house of Egypt Q. 8. What is the first inference from the first Commandment A. That it is a special mercy to be brought forth in a land where the true God is known and worshipped Psal. 147.20 He hath not dealt so with any nation and as for his judgments they have not known them praise ye the Lord. Q. 9. What is the second inference from the 1st Commandment A. That it is a great and dreadful sin to live without the worship of God in the world Eph. 2.12 That at that time ye were without Christ and without God in the world Q. 10. What 's the third inference from the 1st Commandment A. That Christians must not comply with Idolatrous or Superstitious worship when they are cast into Idolatrous places how great soever the danger be Psal. 16.4 Their sorrows shall be multiplied that hasten after another God their drink offering of blood will I not offer nor take up their names into my lips Q. 11. What is the fourth inference from hence A. That the supream love fear and trust of the Soul is God's peculiar right and due Whosoever places them on any other besides God is guilty of a very heinous and great sin against him 1 Iohn 2.15 Love not the world neither the things that are in the world if any man love the world the love of the father is not in him Compared with Iob 31.24 28. If I have made gold my hope or have said to the fine gold Thou art my confidence this also were an iniquity to be punished by the Iudge for I should have denied the God that is above Q. 12. What is the fifth inference hence A. That God's eye discovers the closest Idolatry in the world whether it be in secret actions Ezek. 8.12 Hast thou seen what the ancients of the house of Israel do in the dark Every man in the chambers of his imaginary for they say the Lord seeth us not the Lord hath forsaken the earth Or inward affections Col. 3.5 Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth fornication uncleanness inordinate affection evil concupiscence and covetousness which is Idolatry Q 13. What is the sixth inference from hence A. That an high and full condition in the world is a dangerous condition and lies most exposed to the danger of Heart-idolatry Prov. 30.9 Lest I be full and deny thee and say Who is the Lord Mark 10.24 How hard is it for them that trust in riches to enter into the kingdom of heaven Q. 14. What is the last Inference A. That in covenanting with God and avouching him for our God we must wholly renounce all others and take God alone for our portion and the object of our love and dependance Hos. 3.3 Thou shalt not be for another man So will I also be for thee Luke 14 33. So likewise whosoever he be of you that forsaketh not all that he hath he cannot be my disciple Of the second Commandment Qust 49. WHich is the second Commandment A. The second Commandment is Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven Image or any likeness of any thing that is in Heaven above or that is in the Earth beneath or that is in the Water under the Earth thou shalt not bow down thy self to them nor serve them For I the Lord thy God am a jealous God visiting the iniquities of the Fathers upon the Children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my Commandments Quest. 50. What is required in the second Commandment A. The second Commandment requireth the receiving observing and keeping pure and entire all such Religious Worship and Ordinances as God hath appointed in his Word Quest. 51. What is forbidden in the second Commandment A. The second Commandment forbiddeth the worshipping of God by Images or any other way not appointed in his word Quest. 52. What are the Reasons annexed to the second Commandment A. The Reasons annexed to the second Commandment are Gods Sovereignty over us his propriety in us and his zeal he hath to his own Worship Q. 1. What is the Sin especially forbidden in the second Commandment A. The Sin here forbidden is the corruption of Gods Worship by making any similitude of any Person in the Godhead and performing Divine Worship before it or to it Exod. 32.8 They have turned aside quickly out of the way which I commanded them they have made them a molten cal●
am meek and lowly in heart and ye shall find rest unto your souls Q. 6. What are we to examine our selves about besides knowledge A. We are obliged to examine our selves about our Faith whether we have it in any saving degree 2 Cor. 13.5 Examine your selves whether ye be in the faith prove your selves c. For without Faith we cannot please God Heb. 11.6 But without faith it is impossible to please God c. Nor enjoy Spiritual Communion with Christ Eph. 3.17 That Christ may dwell in your hearts by faith that ye being rooted and grounded in love Q. 7. What other Grace must be examined and sought for A. We must examine our Love to Christ and all that are his because no gifts signifie any thing without Love 1 Cor. 13.2 And though I have the gift of prophesie and understand all mysteries and all knowledge and though I have all faith so that I could remove mountains and have no charity I am nothing Q. 8. What else must worthy receivers examine themselves about A. The sincerity of their hearts evidenced by their Obedience without which they cannot worthily approach the Table 1 Cor. 5.8 Therefore let us keep the feast not with old leaven neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth Q. 9. But if upon examination we are in doubts about our Faith and Sincerity must we forbear A. If our doubts arise from the weakness and not the total want of Grace such doubts should not hinder us Rom. 14.1 Him that is weak in the faith receive you c. Q. 10. What is the danger of coming to the Lords Table without these Graces A. The danger is exceeding great to Soul and Body 1. To the Soul 1 Cor. 11.29 For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily eateth and drinketh damnation to himself c. And to the Body 1 Cor. 11.30 For this cause many are weak and sickly among you and many sleep Q. 11. What are the Duties of worthy receivers at the Lords Table A. Their Duties at the Table are to discern Christ by the eye of Faith under those signs of his Body and Blood 1 Cor. 11.29 For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily eateth and drinketh damnation to himself not discerning the Lords body On the discovery of him to mourn bitterly for sin Zech. 12.10 And they shall look upon me whom they have pierced and they shall mourn for him as one mourneth for his only son and shall be in bitterness for him as one that is in bitterness for his first-born And to excite all their Graces into vigorous acts for the applying Christ to themselves Cant. 4.16 Awake O north wind and come thou south blow upon my garden that the spices thereof may flow out c. Q. 12. What is the Duty of worthy receivers after the Sacrament A. Their Duty is heartily to bless God for Christ and the benefits of his Blood Matth. 26.30 And when they had sung an hymn they went out into the mount of Olives To double their care and watchfulness against sin Ephes. 4.30 And grieve not the holy spirit whereby ye are sealed to the day of redemption And to grow more fruitful in all spiritual obedience Col. 1.10 That ye might walk worthy of the Lord unto all pleasing being fruitful in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God Q. 13. What is the first Inference from hence A. That the abuse and profanation of this Ordinance either by coming to it for carnal ends or being forced upon it by fear of sufferings or approaching to it without due qualifications is a dreadful sin which God will terribly avenge Matth. 22.11 12 13. And when the king came in to see the guests he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment And he saith unto him friend how camest thou in hither not having on a wedding garment and he was speechless Then said the king unto the servants bind him hand and foot and take him away and cast him into outer darkness there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth Q. 14. What 's the second Inference from it A. That great and manifold are the blessings and advantages which Christians duly prepared may reap by this Ordinance Of Prayer Quest. 98. WHat is Prayer A. Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God for things agreeable to his Will in the name of Christ with confession of our sins and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies Q. 1. Who is the proper and only object of Prayer A. God only is the proper object of Prayer it is a part of his Natural Worship therefore 't is peculiarly his Honour and Prerogative and none else can hear and answer them but God Psal. 65.2 O thou that bearest Prayer unto thee shall all flesh come Q. 2. Through whom or in whose name are our Prayers to be directed to God A. Our Prayers are to be directed to God only through Christ and his Name and not by the mediation of Angels or Saints Col. 2.18 Let no man beguile you of your reward in a voluntary humility and worshiping of angels For the merit and satisfaction of Christ alone give success and acceptance to our Prayers Rev. 8.3 4. And another angel came and stood at the altar having a golden censer and there was given unto him much incense that he should offer it with the prayers of all the saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne And the smoke of the incense which came with the prayers of the saints ascended up before God out of the angels hand 1 Tim. 2.5 For there is one God and one mediatour between God and men the man Christ Iesus Q. 3. What 's the first property or quality of acceptable Prayer A. No Prayer can be acceptable to God except the matter of it be agreeable to his Will Iam. 4.3 Ye ask and receive not because ye ask amiss that ye may consume it upon your lusts 1 Joh. 5.14 15. And this is the confidence that we have in him that if we ask any thing according to his will he beareth us And if we know that he hear us whatsoever we ask we know that we have the petitions that we desired of him Q. 4. Is it enough to make Prayer acceptable that the matter is agreeable to Gods will A. No it is not for the manner as well as the matter must be so too Psal. 66.18 If I regard iniquity in my heart the Lord will not hear me Q. 5. What 's the first qualification of an acceptable Prayer respecting the manner of it A. That it be sincere and flowing from the heart of a regenerate person Prov. 15.29 The Lord is far from the wicked but he heareth the prayer of the righteous Jer. 29.13 And ye shall seek me and find me when ye shall search for me with all your h●art Q. 6. What 's the second qualification of Prayer respecting the manner A. It
wavering c. 4. As to our fervency in Prayer Jam. 5.16 The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much Q. 6. Are these external rules and directions sufficient in themselves to enable us to pray acceptably A. In respect of external direction they are sufficient and we need no other outward rules than what the Scriptures furnish but besides that the internal helps and assistances of the Spirit are necessary to the offering up acceptable Prayer Rom. 8.26 Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities for we know not what we should pray for as we ought but the Spirit it self maketh intercession for us c. Q. 7. But doth the Scripture only furnish us with general rules of direction for Prayer A. No it furnishes us also with an excellent pattern and example of Prayer composed by Christ for our direction Matt● 6.9 After this manner therefore pray ye Our Father which art i● heaven c. Q. 8. Are Christians tyed by a necessity to use that form of words or was it only intended for a directory to them A. That form of words may be lawfully used but it 's plain its intention was to regulate our Petitions by it and therefor● they that use it in spells and charms as the Papists or tho● that think nothing is Prayer but that form of words 〈◊〉 Christs intention in it Q. 9. How doth it appear it was not Christs intention strictly 〈◊〉 ●ind us to that very form of words in our Prayers A. Divines give us these reasons against it 1. Because thi● Prayer is set down diversly by the Evangelist Matth 6. 1●● 12. Thy kingdom come thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven●● And forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors And Luke 11.3 4. Give us day by day our daily bread and forgive us 〈◊〉 sins for we also forgive every one that is indebted to us and lead 〈◊〉 not into temptation but deliver us from evil 2. Christ and 〈◊〉 Apostles did not alwayes use this form of words afterwards as appears by his Prayer at Lazarus his grave John 11. and that for his Apostles John 17. 3. Because these words Matth. 6.9 After this manner c. plainly shew its use wa● 〈◊〉 tended for a directory to us Q. 10 What 's the first Inference from hence A. Hence we learn the fulness and compleatness of the Scri●●tures not only for the guiding and setling of our Faith in things that are to be believed but also of our whole practice in every Duty we are to perform Q. 11. What 's the second Inference hence A. Hence we are informed how necessary it is to acquaint our selves with the mind of God revealed in his Word that we may guide our selves in Prayer both for matter and manner thereby and not utter to God words without knowledge Q. 12. What 's the last Inference from hence A. That those who neglect all Prayer and those that satisfie themselves with a form of Prayer which they utter without knowledge or affection do greatly sin against God And that it is the duty of all Christians from a sense of their own sins wants and mercies to be often with God in prayer guiding themselves in that spiritual duty by such inward and outward helps as his word and spirit are able to furnish them with Of the Preface to the Lords Prayer Quest. 100. WHat doth the Preface of the Lords Prayer teach us A. The Preface of the Lords Prayer which is our Father which art in Heaven teacheth us to draw near to God with all holy reverence and confidence as Children to a Father ready to help us and that we should pray with and for others Q. 1. What doth the word Father import in this Preface A. It imports the Spirit of Adoption to be the principle of all acceptable prayers Gal. 4.6 And because ye are sons God hath given forth the spirit of his son into our hearts crying Abba Father Q. 2. What 's the first benefit or he●p we have in Prayer from the Spirit of Adoption A. He excites our Spirits to seek God in prayer Psal. 27.8 when thou saidest seek ye my face my heart said unto thee thy face Lord will I seek Q. 3. What 's the second Assistance he gives us in prayer A. He indites and suggests sutable and acceptable matter to us in prayer Rom. 8.26 Likewise the spirit also helpeth our infirmities for we know not what we should pray for as we ought but the spirit it self maketh intercession for us c. Q. 4. What 's the third Benefit we have by him in prayer A. He fills our Souls with spiritual and Holy affections in prayer and helps us to act his Graces in our Duties Rom. 8.26 Likewise the spirit also helpeth our infirmities for we know not what we should ask as we ought but the spirit it self maketh intercession ●or us with groanings which cannot be uttered Q. 5. What else doth this word Father import A. It imports that Holy confidence which Believers may and ought to draw near to God with all as Children to a Father Eph. 3.12 In whom we have boldness and access with confidence by the faith of him Q. 6. Doth it only Signify our relation and Confidence A. No it also signifies the reverential fear of God which ought at all times to be on our hearts especially in Prayer Mal. 1.6 A son honoureth his father and a servant his master If then I be a Father where is my honour and if I be a Master where is my fear Q. 7. What is further imported in this word Father A. It imports Gods willingness and readiness to grant the best Mercies to his people that seek them duly at his hand Matth. 7.11 If ye then being evil know how to give good gifts unto your children how much more shall your father which is in Heaven give good things to them that ask him Q. 8. Why is he here called our Father A. To signify to us that it is not only our duty to pray secretly by and for our selves but also with and for others Eph. 6.18 Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the spirit and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all Saints Q. Why is God said here to be in Heaven A. It is to note his Soveraign power and dominion over all as a ground-work of faith in prayer Q. 9.10 What else doth it import A. The great distance between God and us which should fill our hearts with an holy awe of him Eccles. 5.2 God is in Heaven and thou upon Earth therefore let thy words be few Q. 11. What 's the first Inference from hence A. It shews us what a sad case all those are in that have no special interest in God as a Father Q. 12. What 's the second Inference A. It shews us what a glorious Priviledge the Lord Jesus Christ hath purchased for and setled on his people Heb. 4.15 16. For we