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patent_n the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n to_o alter_v the_o
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any_o other_o haven_n at_o that_o port_n as_o at_o garneston_n and_o little_a yarmouth_n which_o be_v member_n of_o that_o port._n this_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a for_o the_o merchant_n and_o a_o great_a hurt_n to_o traffic_n and_o therefore_o the_o charter_n be_v question_v in_o the_o time_n of_o ed_n 2._o and_o adjudge_v good_a by_o the_o council_n but_o the_o party_n not_o content_v with_o this_o judgement_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o king_n e._n 3._o by_o a_o order_n in_o parliament_n make_v upon_o a_o petition_n there_o exhibit_v against_o this_o grant_n bring_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la out_o of_o the_o chancery_n returnable_a in_o the_o king_n bench_n to_o question_v again_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o patent_n and_o in_o that_o suit_n the_o cause_n be_v notable_o debate_v and_o those_o reason_n much_o insist_v upon_o that_o have_v be_v enforce_v in_o this_o case_n as_o that_o of_o the_o king_n power_n in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o port_n but_o the_o matter_n so_o depend_v in_o the_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n a_o writ_n come_v out_o of_o the_o parliament_n and_o do_v
proclamation_n 17._o h._n 6._o cite_v for_o a_o precedent_n that_o be_v because_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n make_v a_o ordinance_n whereby_o the_o traffic_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n be_v restrain_v that_o therefore_o the_o englishman_n shall_v not_o traffic_v with_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n the_o same_o thing_n enact_v upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n 4._o e._n 4._o c._n 1._o 19_o h._n 7._o 21._o 4_o e._n 4._o c._n 1_o 19_o h._n 7._o cap._n 21._o c._n 21._o the_o importation_n of_o divers_a commodity_n forbid_v as_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o manufacture_n within_o the_o realm_n 6._o h._n 8._o cap._n 12._o 12._o 6._o h._n 8._o cap._n 12._o the_o exportation_n of_o norfolk_n wool_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n forbid_v 26._o h._n 8_o cap._n 10._o 10._o 26._o h._n 8._o cap._n 10._o power_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n to_o order_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchant_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v give_v because_o otherwise_o the_o league_n and_o amity_n with_o foreign_a prince_n may_v be_v impeach_v by_o reason_n of_o restraint_n make_v by_o divers_a statute_n then_o stand_v on_o foot_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o then_o take_v to_o be_v law_n that_o the_o king_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n in_o himself_o to_o order_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n without_o help_n of_o a_o statute_n 2._o e._n 6._o 9_o 2_o e._n 6._o c._n 9_o cap._n 9_o exportation_n of_o leather_n restrain_v 1_o 5._o 1_o &_o 2._o p._n &_o m.c._n 5._o &_o 2._o ph._n &_o mar._n the_o exportation_n of_o herring_n butter_n cheese_n and_o other_o victual_n forbid_v 18._o eliz._n cap._n 8._o the_o exportation_n of_o tallow_n 8_o 18._o el._n c._n 8_o raw_a hide_n leather_n so_o in_o all_o time_n no_o use_n of_o proclamation_n in_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n but_o act_n of_o parliament_n still_o procure_v wherefore_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o behove_v they_o that_o do_v so_o earnest_o urge_v this_o argument_n the_o king_n may_v restrain_v traffic_n therefore_o may_v impose_v to_o prove_v better_a than_o they_o have_v do_v that_o the_o king_n may_v restrain_v traffic_n of_o his_o own_o absolute_a power_n for_o as_o the_o natural_a policy_n and_o constitution_n of_o our_o commonwealth_n be_v we_o may_v better_o say_v that_o be_v law_n which_o be_v de_fw-fr more_fw-it gentis_fw-la then_o that_o which_o flow_v from_o the_o reason_n of_o any_o man_n guide_v by_o his_o general_a notion_n and_o apprehension_n of_o power_n regal_a in_o genere_fw-la not_o in_o individuo_fw-la the_o last_o assault_n make_v against_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v a_o objection_n ground_v upon_o policy_n and_o matter_n of_o state_n as_o that_o it_o may_v so_o fall_v out_o that_o a_o imposition_n may_v be_v set_v by_o a_o foreign_a prince_n that_o may_v wring_v our_o people_n in_o which_o case_n the_o counterpoise_n be_v to_o set_v on_o the_o like_a here_o upon_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o prince_n which_o policy_n if_o it_o be_v not_o speedy_o execucute_v but_o stay_v until_o a_o parliament_n may_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n prove_v vain_a and_o idle_a and_o much_o damage_n may_v be_v sustain_v that_o can_v afterward_o be_v remedy_v this_o strain_n of_o policy_n make_v nothing_o to_o the_o point_n of_o right_n our_o rule_n be_v in_o this_o plain_a commonwealth_n of_o we_o oportet_fw-la neminem_fw-la esse_fw-la sapientiorem_fw-la legibus_fw-la if_o there_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o have_v it_o remove_v by_o a_o lawful_a mean_n then_o by_o a_o unlawful_a but_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o mischief_n then_o a_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v a_o prejudice_n in_o present_a of_o some_o few_o but_o not_o hurtful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a to_o suffer_v a_o hurt_n to_o some_o few_o for_o a_o short_a time_n then_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o breach_n and_o violation_n of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n for_o that_o be_v the_o true_a inconvenience_n neither_o need_v it_o be_v so_o difficult_a or_o tedious_a to_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o parliament_n if_o they_o be_v hold_v as_o they_o ought_v or_o may_v be_v but_o our_o sure_a guide_n in_o this_o will_v be_v the_o example_n of_o our_o ancestor_n in_o this_o very_a case_n and_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o politic_a prince_n that_o ever_o reign_v in_o this_o kingdom_n 7._o h._n 7._o 7._o 7._o h._n 7._o cap._n 7._o cap._n 7._o you_o shall_v find_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o which_o it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o venetian_n have_v set_v upon_o the_o english_a merchant_n that_o jade_a malmesey_n at_o candy_n four_o ducat_n of_o gold_n upon_o a_o but_o which_o in_o sterling_a be_v eighteen_o shilling_n the_o but._n it_o be_v therefore_o enact_v that_o every_o merchant_n strange_a that_o bring_v malmsey_n into_o this_o kingdom_n shall_v pay_v eighteen_o shilling_n the_o but_o over_o and_o above_o the_o due_a custom_n use_v this_o imposition_n to_o endure_v until_o they_o of_o venice_n have_v set_v aside_o that_o of_o four_o ducat_n the_o but_o upon_o the_o englishman_n much_o have_v be_v learned_o utter_v upon_o this_o argument_n in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o people_n right_a and_o in_o answer_v that_o which_o have_v be_v press_v on_o the_o contrary_a but_o my_o meaning_n be_v not_o to_o express_v in_o this_o discourse_n all_o that_o have_v or_o may_v be_v say_v on_o either_o side_n but_o only_o to_o make_v a_o remembrance_n somewhat_o large_a of_o that_o which_o i_o myself_o offer_v as_o my_o symbolum_fw-la towards_o the_o make_n up_o of_o this_o great_a reckon_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o well_o audit_v may_v in_o time_n cost_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n very_o dear_a my_o hope_n be_v of_o other_o that_o labour_v very_o worthy_o in_o this_o business_n that_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v their_o pain_n to_o die_v and_o therefore_o i_o have_v forbear_v to_o enter_v into_o their_o province_n i_o will_v end_v with_o that_o say_n of_o that_o true_a and_o honest_a counsellor_n philip_n comines_n in_o his_o five_o book_n the_o 18._o chapter_n 18._o ph._n com._n l._n 5._o c._n 18._o that_o it_o be_v more_o honourable_a for_o a_o king_n to_o say_v i_o have_v so_o faithful_a and_o obedient_a subject_n that_o they_o deny_v i_o nothing_o i_o demand_v then_o to_o say_v i_o levy_v what_o i_o listen_v and_o i_o have_v privilege_n so_o to_o do_v after_o the_o king_n right_o to_o impose_v have_v be_v thorough_o examine_v in_o parliament_n and_o there_o determine_v not_o to_o be_v in_o he_o alone_o without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n among_o other_o petition_n of_o grievance_n give_v unto_o his_o majesty_n this_o hereafter_o be_v concern_v imposition_n the_o policy_n and_o constitution_n of_o this_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n appropriate_v unto_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n with_o assent_n of_o parliament_n as_o well_o the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o make_v law_n as_o that_o of_o tax_v or_o impose_v upon_o the_o subject_n good_n or_o merchandize_n wherein_o they_o just_o have_v such_o a_o propriety_n as_o may_v not_o without_o their_o consent_n be_v alter_v or_o change_v this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o they_o have_v ever_o show_v themselves_o faithful_a and_o love_a to_o their_o king_n and_o ready_a to_o aid_v they_o in_o all_o their_o just_a occasion_n with_o voluntary_a contribution_n so_o have_v they_o be_v ever_o careful_a to_o preserve_v their_o own_o liberty_n and_o right_n when_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v do_v to_o prejudice_n or_o impeach_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o when_o their_o prince_n either_o occasion_v by_o war_n or_o by_o their_o overgreat_a bounty_n or_o by_o any_o other_o necessity_n have_v without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n set_v on_o imposition_n either_o within_o the_o land_n or_o upon_o commodity_n export_v or_o import_v by_o the_o merchant_n they_o have_v in_o open_a parliament_n complain_v of_o it_o in_o that_o it_o be_v do_v without_o their_o consent_n and_o thereupon_o never_o fail_v to_o obtain_v a_o speedy_a and_o full_a redress_n without_o any_o claim_n make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o any_o power_n or_o prerogative_n in_o that_o point_n and_o though_o the_o law_n of_o propriety_n be_v original_o and_o careful_o preserve_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n which_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o kingdom_n itself_o yet_o those_o famous_a king_n for_o the_o better_a contentment_n and_o assurance_n of_o their_o love_a subject_n agree_v that_o this_o old_a fundamental_a right_n shall_v be_v further_o declare_v and_o establish_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n wherein_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o no_o such_o charge_n shall_v ever_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o people_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n
3_o phil._n &_o mar._n in_o my_o l._n dier_n fol._n 128._o b._n and_o the_o law_n there_o hold_v to_o be_v so_o at_o that_o time_n upon_o a_o question_n move_v in_o the_o queen_n behalf_n against_o divers_a that_o be_v beyond_o the_o sea_n refuse_v to_o return_v upon_o commandment_n send_v unto_o they_o to_o that_o purpose_n the_o same_o be_v again_o for_o law_n confirm_v in_o the_o duchess_n of_o suffolk_n case_v 2_o eliz._n 2_o dier_n 2._o el._n 176._o 5_o r._n 2._o c._n 2_o dier_n 176._o but_o the_o common_a law_n be_v alter_v in_o this_o point_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 5._o r._n 2._o cap._n 2._o by_o which_o the_o passage_n of_o all_o people_n be_v defend_v that_o they_o may_v not_o go_v without_o licence_n except_o the_o lord_n and_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n merchant_n and_o soldier_n so_o for_o the_o merchant_n which_o be_v the_o people_n deal_v withal_o in_o the_o business_n in_o hand_n the_o common_a law_n remain_v as_o it_o be_v before_o the_o statute_n 196._o dier_n 12._o el._n 196._o and_o so_o it_o be_v hold_v 12._o el._n dier_n 196._o where_o the_o case_n be_v a_o english_a merchant_n be_v a_o papist_n go_v over-sea_n and_o be_v there_o do_v settle_v himself_o to_o remain_v there_o for_o the_o enjoy_n the_o freedom_n of_o his_o conscience_n it_o be_v move_v here_o in_o england_n that_o his_o go_v without_o licence_n shall_v be_v a_o contempt_n because_o he_o go_v not_o to_o traffic_v as_o a_o merchant_n but_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o religion_n it_o be_v resolve_v no_o such_o averment_n will_v be_v take_v in_o this_o case_n for_o that_o the_o very_a call_n and_o vocation_n of_o be_v a_o merchant_n do_v give_v he_o liberty_n to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n when_o he_o will_v and_o therefore_o the_o secret_a intent_n of_o his_o go_n be_v not_o to_o be_v inquire_v after_o sed_fw-la lex_fw-la inspicit_fw-la quod_fw-la verisimilius_fw-la therefore_o it_o be_v in_o this_o case_n hold_v no_o contempt_n but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o law_n be_v as_o it_o be_v before_o 5._o r._n 2._o cap._n 2._o for_o that_o statute_n be_v repeal_v 4._o jac._n cap._n 1._o 1_o 4_o jac._n c._n 1_o and_o all_o man_n whatsoever_o be_v now_o at_o liberty_n by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v only_o against_o this_o inconvenient_a liberty_n a_o proclamation_n date_v at_o westminster_n 9_o jul_n 5._o jac._n jac._n proclam_fw-la 9_o jul._n 5._o jac._n to_o the_o very_a same_o effect_n in_o point_n of_o restraint_n of_o passage_n with_o the_o statute_n of_o r._n 2._o so_o the_o subject_n be_v in_o this_o much_o the_o more_o at_o ease_n and_o liberty_n than_o he_o be_v before_o that_o his_o go_v over-sea_n without_o licence_n do_v not_o induce_v any_o forfeiture_n but_o only_o incur_v the_o censure_n of_o a_o contempt_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o some_o firm_a law_n may_v be_v make_v in_o the_o case_n both_o for_o the_o execution_n of_o so_o good_a a_o point_n of_o policy_n and_o for_o the_o more_o quiet_a of_o the_o state_n in_o know_v the_o certainty_n of_o the_o punishment_n for_o the_o offence_n this_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n of_o merchant_n have_v be_v strenthen_v and_o confirm_v by_o many_o notable_a law_n before_o recite_v as_o 14._o e._n 2._o stat_fw-la 2._o cap._n 2.15_o e._n 3._o 14._o e._n 3._o st_o 2._o c._n 2.15_o e._n 3._o st_o 2._o c._n 5.18_o e._n 3._o st_o 1._o c._n 3._o 3_o stat_fw-la 2._o cap_n 5._o 18_o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 1._o cap._n 3._o and_o divers_a other_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v admit_v that_o the_o king_n may_v restrain_v person_n and_o good_n yet_o it_o may_v well_o be_v deny_v that_o he_o have_v power_n of_o himself_o alone_o without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n simple_o and_o indefinite_o to_o restrain_v all_o traffic_n in_o general_n or_o to_o shut_v up_o all_o the_o havens_n and_o port_n and_o to_o bar_v the_o vent_n and_o issue_v of_o ware_n and_o merchandize_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o appear_v plain_o that_o this_o have_v be_v do_v this_o three_o hundred_o year_n or_o near_o thereabouts_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n only_o and_o that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n make_v this_o matter_n of_o traffic_n so_o tender_a a_o case_n to_o deal_v in_o as_o that_o it_o have_v ever_o hold_v it_o a_o matter_n fit_a for_o the_o consultation_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o no_o other_o in_o 11._o 1._o 11._o e._n 3._o cap._n 1._o e._n 3._o the_o exportation_n of_o wool_n be_v prohibit_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o which_o statute_n there_o be_v this_o clause_n until_o that_o by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n it_o be_v thereof_o otherwise_o provide_v which_o power_n so_o give_v to_o the_o king_n to_o be_v use_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n give_v occasion_n to_o he_o to_o abuse_v it_o to_o his_o profit_n and_o commodity_n by_o give_v licence_n of_o transportation_n to_o all_o that_o will_v give_v forty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n above_o the_o due_a custom_n this_o appear_v in_o the_o record_n in_o the_o exchequer_n 13._o e_o 3_o rot._n 2_o rem_fw-la thes_n 2._o 13._o h._n 3._o r._n thes_n rot_v 2._o i_o will_v describe_v the_o record_n that_o you_o may_v perceive_v the_o ground_n of_o it_o the_o better_a rex_fw-la collectoribus_fw-la custumae_fw-la in_o portu_fw-la magnae_fw-la jermouth_n salutem_fw-la quia_fw-la concessimus_fw-la dilecto_fw-la &_o fideli_fw-la nostro_fw-la hugoni_n de_fw-fr wriothsley_n quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la viginti_fw-la &_o septem_fw-la saccos_fw-la lanae_fw-la &_o dimid_n de_fw-fr lanis_fw-la suis_fw-la propriis_fw-la in_o portu_fw-la praedicto_fw-la carriare_fw-la &_o eas_fw-la usque_fw-la antwerp_n ad_fw-la stapulam_fw-la nostram_fw-la ibidem_fw-la ducere_fw-la possit_fw-la solvendo_fw-la ibidem_fw-la dilecto_fw-la clerico_n nostro_fw-la willielmo_n de_fw-fr northwel_n custodi_fw-la guarderobae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la 40_o s._n pro_fw-la quolibet_fw-la sacco_n pro_fw-la custuma_fw-la &_o subsidio_fw-la inde_fw-la nobis_fw-la debitis_fw-la etc._n etc._n vobis_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quod_fw-la predict_v hugon_n dictos_fw-la viginti_fw-la septem_fw-la saccos_fw-la lanae_fw-la &_o dimid_n in_o portu_fw-la praedicto_fw-la carriaere_fw-la permittatis_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o another_o the_o same_o year_n thes_n 13._o e._n 3._o rot_n 12._o r._n thes_n rex_fw-la collectoribus_fw-la custumae_fw-la etc._n etc._n cum_fw-la nuper_fw-la ordinaverimus_fw-la quod_fw-la passagium_fw-la lanarum_fw-la etc._n etc._n apertum_fw-la existeret_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la sigillum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la coket_n quod_fw-la prius_fw-la claudi_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la sirrah_n custodiri_fw-la mandavimus_fw-la ape_n iretur_fw-la &_o apertum_fw-la teneretur_fw-la ideo_fw-la vobis_fw-la mandavimus_fw-la quod_fw-la sigillum_fw-la praedictum_fw-la in_o portu_fw-la praedicto_fw-la aperiri_fw-la &_o apertum_fw-la tenerifaciatis_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la lanas_fw-la carriare_fw-la &_o ducere_fw-la velint_fw-la permittatis_fw-la receptis_fw-la prius_fw-la ab_fw-la iisdem_fw-la viz._n de_fw-fr mercatoribus_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la indigenis_fw-la 40_o s._n de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la sacco_n lanae_fw-la divers_a other_o such_o sale_n of_o traffic_n occasion_v by_o this_o parliamentary_a restraint_n be_v make_v between_o 11._o e._n 3._o that_o the_o restraint_n be_v make_v and_o 14_o e._n 3._o that_o this_o inconvenience_n be_v espy_v the_o sea_n be_v open_v by_o statute_n 2._o 14._o e._n 3._o st_o 2._o c._n 2._o 15._o e._n 3._o c._n 5._o st_o 2._o and_o the_o restraint_n remove_v 14_o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 2._o c._n 2._o 15._o e._n 3._o cap._n 5._o stat_fw-la 2._o and_o this_o forty_o shilling_n so_o exact_v be_v complain_v of_o as_o a_o imposition_n in_o parliament_n and_o the_o occasion_n and_o the_o effect_n be_v both_o take_v away_o together_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1._o 14._o e._n 3._o c._n 21._o st_o 1._o st_o 2._o c._n 1._o 14._o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 1._o cap._n 21._o &_o stat_fw-la 2._o cap._n 1._o it_o follow_v in_o all_o king_n time_n sithence_o the_o death_n of_o e._n 3._o that_o this_o open_n and_o shut_v of_o the_o havens_n restrain_v and_o enlarge_n of_o traffic_n be_v do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n i_o will_v give_v one_o instance_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o every_o king_n 2._o 5._o r._n 2._o c._n 2._o st_o 2._o 5._o r._n 2._o cap._n 2._o stat_fw-la 2._o for_o the_o passage_n of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n 2._o 6_o h._n 4._o c._n 4_o 2._o h._n 5._o c._n 6._o st_o 2._o 6._o h._n 4._o cap._n 4._o for_o the_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n with_o merchant_n alien_n 2._o h._n 5._o cap._n 6._o stat_fw-la 2._o for_o the_o restraint_n of_o staple_n commodity_n to_o place_n certain_a and_o for_o the_o traffic_n of_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o west_n 27._o h._n 6._o cap._n 1._o 1._o 27._o h._n 6._o c._n 1._o that_o be_v enact_v in_o parliament_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o
shall_v ever_o according_a to_o our_o bind_a duty_n pray_v for_o your_o majesty_n long_a and_o happy_a reign_n over_o we_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o king_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n may_v set_v imposition_n upon_o the_o ware_n and_o good_n of_o merchant_n export_v and_o import_v out_o of_o and_o into_o this_o realm_n three_o thing_n have_v be_v debate_v in_o this_o parliament_n that_o have_v much_o concern_v the_o right_n of_o our_o whole_a nation_n of_o which_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v exceed_v the_o other_o by_o a_o gradation_n in_o weight_n and_o moment_n the_o first_o be_v the_o change_n of_o our_o name_n which_o be_v a_o point_n of_o honour_n wherein_o we_o show_v ourselves_o not_o willing_a to_o leave_v that_o name_n by_o which_o our_o ancestor_n make_v our_o nation_n famous_a proceed_n the_o name_n of_o britain_n not_o admit_v in_o legal_a proceed_n yet_o have_v we_o lose_v it_o save_v only_o in_o those_o case_n where_o our_o ancient_a and_o faithful_a protector_n the_o common_a law_n do_v retain_v it_o the_o second_o be_v the_o union_n a_o question_n of_o great_a moment_n for_o that_o concern_v the_o freehold_n of_o our_o whole_a nation_n not_o in_o so_o high_a a_o point_n as_o have_v or_o not_o have_v but_o in_o point_n of_o division_n and_o participation_n that_o be_v whether_o we_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o benefit_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ourselves_o only_o as_o we_o and_o our_o ancestor_n have_v do_v or_o admit_v our_o neighbour_n nation_n to_o have_v equal_a right_n in_o they_o and_o so_o make_v our_o own_o part_n the_o less_o by_o how_o much_o the_o great_a number_n shall_v be_v among_o who_o the_o division_n be_v to_o be_v make_v case_n coke_n l._n 7._o calvin_n case_n this_o be_v adjudge_v against_o we_o both_o legal_o and_o solemn_o and_o therefore_o in_o that_o we_o rest_v hope_v of_o that_o effect_n of_o this_o judgement_n which_o we_o read_v of_o in_o the_o poet_n tros_n tyriusque_fw-la mihi_fw-la nullo_n discrimine_fw-la habetur_fw-la aeneas_n virgil._n aen._n l._n 1._o dido_n speech_n to_o aeneas_n the_o three_o be_v the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n which_o exceed_v the_o other_o two_o in_o importance_n &_o consequence_n concern_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o it_o be_v a_o question_n of_o our_o very_a essence_n not_o what_o we_o shall_v be_v call_v nor_o how_o we_o shall_v divide_v that_o we_o have_v but_o whether_o we_o shall_v have_v any_o thing_n or_o nothing_o for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o right_a in_o the_o king_n to_o alter_v the_o property_n of_o that_o which_o be_v we_o without_o our_o consent_n we_o be_v but_o tenant_n at_o his_o will_n of_o that_o which_o we_o have_v if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n then_o have_v we_o property_n and_o be_v tenant_n at_o our_o own_o will_n for_o that_o which_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n be_v do_v by_o all_o our_o will_n and_o consent_n and_o this_o be_v the_o very_a state_n of_o the_o question_n which_o be_v propose_v that_o be_v whether_o the_o king_n may_v impose_v without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n imposition_n be_v of_o two_o nature_n foreign_a and_o intestine_a intestine_a be_v those_o which_o be_v raise_v within_o our_o land_n in_o the_o commerce_n and_o deal_n that_o be_v at_o home_n within_o ourselves_o and_o may_v aswell_o for_o that_o reason_n be_v so_o call_v as_o for_o that_o vescuntur_fw-la intestinis_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la they_o be_v feed_v and_o nourish_v with_o the_o consume_n and_o waste_v of_o the_o entrails_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n against_o these_o i_o need_v not_o to_o speak_v for_o the_o king_n learned_a council_n have_v with_o great_a honour_n and_o conscience_n in_o full_a council_n acknowledge_v they_o to_o be_v against_o the_o law_n therefore_o i_o will_v apply_v myself_o to_o speak_v of_o imposition_n foreign_a be_v the_o single_a question_n now_o in_o hand_n and_o maintain_v on_o the_o king_n behalf_n with_o great_a art_n and_o eloquence_n the_o inconvenience_n of_o these_o imposition_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o be_v how_o hurtful_a they_o be_v to_o the_o merchant_n in_o impoverish_v they_o in_o their_o estate_n to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o increase_n of_o his_o revenue_n by_o decay_n of_o traffic_n and_o to_o the_o whole_a people_n in_o make_v all_o commodity_n excessive_a dear_a be_v confess_v by_o all_o and_o therefore_o need_v no_o debate_n the_o point_n of_o right_n be_v now_o only_o in_o question_n and_o of_o that_o i_o will_v speak_v with_o conscience_n and_o integrity_n rather_o desirous_a that_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v know_v and_o right_o be_v do_v than_o that_o the_o opinion_n of_o myself_o or_o any_o other_o may_v prevail_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o question_n be_v give_v by_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n late_o set_v out_o affront_v with_o the_o copy_n of_o letter_n patent_n date_a july_n 28.6_o jac._n in_o which_o book_n beside_o the_o rate_n be_v set_v down_o every_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n export_v and_o import_v for_o the_o true_a answer_v of_o subsidy_n to_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n there_o be_v a_o addition_n of_o imposition_n upon_o all_o those_o kind_n of_o ware_n which_o within_o the_o book_n be_v express_v and_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o imposition_n as_o high_a and_o in_o some_o case_n high_o than_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o subsidy_n and_o this_o declare_v to_o be_v by_o authority_n of_o those_o letter_n patent_n hereupon_o consider_v with_o myself_o that_o heretofore_o the_o set_n on_o of_o one_o only_a imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n upon_o some_o one_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n and_o that_o for_o a_o small_a time_n and_o upon_o urgent_a necessity_n of_o actual_a war_n do_v so_o affect_v our_o whole_a nation_n and_o especial_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n that_o neither_o the_o sun_n do_v shine_v nor_o the_o river_n run_v their_o course_n until_o it_o be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o public_a judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n i_o think_v it_o concern_v i_o and_o other_o member_n of_o that_o council_n that_o be_v no_o less_o trust_v for_o our_o country_n than_o those_o in_o former_a time_n and_o have_v their_o action_n to_o guide_v and_o direct_v we_o to_o have_v the_o same_o care_n they_o have_v in_o preserve_v the_o right_a and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n have_v now_o more_o cause_n than_o they_o have_v for_o that_o the_o imposition_n now_o set_v on_o without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o upon_o one_o or_o two_o special_a kind_n of_o good_n but_o almost_o indefinite_a upon_o all_o and_o do_v extend_v to_o the_o number_n of_o many_o hundred_o as_o appear_v by_o that_o print_a book_n of_o rate_n and_o be_v set_v in_o charge_n upon_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o a_o inheritance_n to_o continue_v to_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n for_o ever_o which_o limitation_n of_o estate_n in_o matter_n of_o imposition_n be_v never_o hear_v of_o nor_o read_v of_o before_o as_o i_o conceive_v the_o inducement_n express_v in_o these_o letter_n patent_n be_v much_o upon_o point_n of_o state_n and_o with_o reference_n to_o the_o right_n and_o practice_n of_o fortaine_a prince_n for_o this_o i_o will_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o consideration_n of_o such_o great_a mystery_n of_o policy_n and_o government_n but_o will_v only_o put_v you_o in_o mind_n of_o that_o i_o observe_v out_o of_o tit._n 8._o tit._n liv._o l._n 8._o livius_n the_o roman_a historiographer_n omnem_fw-la divini_fw-la humanique_fw-la moris_fw-la memoriam_fw-la abolemus_fw-la cum_fw-la nova_fw-la peregrinaque_fw-la patriis_fw-la &_o priscis_fw-la praeferimus_fw-la to_o that_o which_o have_v be_v speak_v for_o the_o king_n prerogative_n i_o will_v give_v answer_n to_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o i_o may_v convenient_o in_o my_o passage_n through_o this_o debate_n wherein_o i_o will_v principal_o endeavour_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o such_o new_a objection_n as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o worthy_a and_o learned_a counsellor_n of_o the_o king_n that_o speak_v last_o in_o maintenance_n of_o his_o majesty_n prerogative_n the_o case_n in_o term_n be_v this_o 6._o pat._n july_n 28._o jac._n 6._o the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n before_o recite_v have_v ordain_v will_v and_o command_v that_o these_o new_a imposition_n contain_v in_o that_o book_n of_o rate_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o hereafter_o pay_v unto_o he_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n upon_o pain_n of_o his_o displeasure_n hereupon_o the_o question_n arise_v whether_o by_o this_o edict_n and_o ordinance_n so_o make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n of_o his_o own_o will_n and_o power_n absolute_a without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n he_o be_v so_o
adjourn_v it_o thither_o again_o where_o it_o give_v occasion_n of_o a_o good_a law_n to_o be_v make_v to_o prevent_v the_o like_a grant_n and_o to_o make_v they_o void_a notwithstanding_o any_o judgement_n give_v upon_o they_o and_o to_o make_v such_o judgement_n also_o void_a the_o statute_n be_v 9_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o and_o in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n 2._o 9_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o every_o alien_a and_o denizen_n may_v carry_v his_o merchandise_n where_o it_o please_v he_o notwithstanding_o any_o charter_n grant_v or_o judgement_n thereupon_o 16_o &_o 17._o r._n 2._o 2_o h._n 4._o num_fw-la 109._o we_o find_v a_o notable_a record_n which_o give_v warrant_n for_o the_o proceed_n in_o parliament_n in_o this_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v in_o this_o case_n notwithstanding_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o declare_v to_o the_o kingdom_n that_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a wonder_n make_v by_o some_o man_n nothing_o have_v be_v do_v in_o this_o business_n by_o those_o that_o serve_v in_o the_o parliament_n but_o in_o imitation_n of_o their_o worthy_a predecessor_n in_o the_o like_a case_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o h._n 4._o the_o commons_o show_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o r._n 2._o by_o the_o mean_n of_o john_n waltham_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n treasurer_n of_o england_n wrongful_o without_o authority_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n 16_o &_o 17._o r._n 2._o by_o the_o baron_n there_o against_o certain_a merchant_n of_o bristol_n and_o other_o place_n passage_n have_v be_v take_v for_o wine_n otherwise_o then_o in_o ancient_a time_n have_v be_v and_o therefore_o they_o pray_v they_o may_v pay_v their_o prize_n wine_n in_o the_o manner_n they_o have_v use_v to_o pay_v notwithstanding_o any_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n or_o other_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o say_a treasurer_n contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a usage_n which_o petition_v the_o king_n grant_v and_o the_o judgement_n thereupon_o become_v void_a and_o the_o prisage_n wine_n have_v be_v pay_v contrary_a to_o the_o judgement_n ever_o since_o in_o 1._o el._n dier_n 165._o 265._o 1._o el._n dier_n 265._o upon_o the_o complaint_n make_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o imposition_n set_v upon_o cloth_n by_o queen_n mary_n by_o her_o absolute_a power_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n the_o cause_n be_v think_v too_o weighty_a to_o be_v decide_v in_o any_o one_o court_n but_o as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n who_o divers_a time_n have_v conference_n about_o it_o so_o it_o may_v well_o be_v there_o be_v nothing_o against_o it_o in_o our_o year_n book_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o it_o another_o objection_n be_v this_o which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o argument_n viz._n that_o custom_n be_v original_o due_a by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n it_o can_v then_o have_v no_o other_o ground_n or_o cause_n but_o mere_o by_o the_o king_n royal_a prerogative_n as_o a_o right_n and_o duty_n original_o belong_v to_o his_o crown_n which_o if_o it_o be_v it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v he_o may_v impose_v for_o that_o be_v but_o the_o exercise_v of_o that_o right_n to_o prove_v this_o be_v allege_v the_o case_n 39_o 3.13_o 39_o e._n 3.13_o e._n 3.13_o by_o which_o case_n it_o appear_v that_o king_n john_n have_v a_o custom_n of_o eight_o penny_n on_o a_o tun_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o port_n of_o southampton_n but_o the_o book_n do_v not_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o king_n have_v it_o by_o prerogative_n and_o he_o may_v have_v it_o as_o well_o otherwise_o as_o by_o prescription_n or_o convention_n which_o shall_v rather_o be_v intend_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o sum_n pay_v for_o if_o it_o be_v by_o prerogative_n he_o may_v take_v sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o at_o his_o will_n the_o right_a be_v indefinite_a and_o the_o quantity_n limit_v only_o by_o his_o own_o discretion_n a_o common_a person_n may_v have_v such_o a_o custom_n certain_a as_o 18._o el_n dier_n 352._o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n have_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o salt_n bring_v into_o the_o city_n by_o alien_n 352_o 18_o el._n dier_n 352_o which_o be_v a_o great_a imposition_n but_o be_v good_a by_o prescription_n original_o and_o have_v receive_v great_a strength_n since_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n so_o it_o appear_v that_o john_n of_o britain_n have_v custom_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o arrive_v at_o his_o port_n of_o little_a yarmouth_n 43._o dier_n 43._o worth_a twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o these_o instance_n do_v inefer_v that_o a_o custom_n may_v be_v otherwise_o then_o by_o prerogative_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o good_a argument_n to_o conclude_v the_o king_n have_v such_o a_o custom_n therefore_o he_o have_v it_o by_o prerogative_n the_o book_n in_o 30._o h._n 8._o dier_n 43._o 43._o 30_o hen._n 8_o dier_n 43._o be_v much_o press_v on_o this_o point_n which_o say_v that_o custom_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n at_o common_a law_n and_o do_v instance_n in_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n begin_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o abridge_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 14_o e._n 3._o ca_fw-mi 21._o stat_fw-la 1._o stat_fw-la 14_o ed._n 3._o c._n 21._o stat_fw-la but_o this_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o great_a error_n and_o mistake_v in_o the_o book_n for_o we_o do_v find_v that_o that_o custom_n of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n be_v begin_v by_o a_o grant_n in_o parliament_n as_o appear_v in_o statute_n 15_o e._n 1._o cap._n 7._o the_o word_n be_v grant_v to_o we_o by_o the_o commonalty_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o last_o mention_n before_o be_v that_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n earls_z baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n etc._n etc._n novemb_n 3._o ed._n 1._o the_o kingrecited_a in_o his_o letter_n patent_n that_o prelati_fw-la magnates_fw-la ac_fw-la tota_fw-la communitas_fw-la mercatorum_fw-la regni_fw-la grant_v this_o new_a custom_n and_o so_o the_o ground_n and_o motive_n of_o that_o opinion_n be_v false_a all_o ground_v upon_o that_o must_v needs_o be_v erroneous_a it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o king_n hold_v at_o this_o day_n the_o increase_n of_o four_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n over_o due_a custom_n pay_v by_o merchant_n alien_n according_a to_o the_o purport_n of_o the_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la 31_o e._n turri_n rot._n char_n 31._o e._n 1._o num_fw-la 42._o in_o turri_n 1._o by_o mere_a right_n of_o prerogative_n at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o by_o that_o grant_n of_o the_o merchant_n he_o can_v hold_v it_o they_o be_v no_o body_n politic_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o therefore_o the_o grant_n be_v mere_o void_a to_o bind_v in_o succession_n and_o yet_o the_o merchant_n alien_n do_v pay_v it_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n a_o contract_n with_o a_o number_n not_o incorporate_v bind_v not_o succession_n but_o we_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o they_o by_o who_o that_o grant_n be_v make_v of_o the_o augmentation_n of_o custom_n by_o three_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n and_o other_o increase_v 31._o e._n 1._o be_v merchant_n alien_n who_o by_o the_o law_n of_o merchant_n and_o nation_n may_v contract_v to_o bind_v their_o successor_n in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n for_o their_o contract_n be_v not_o rule_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n &_o per_fw-la legem_fw-la mercatoriam_fw-la as_o the_o book_n case_n be_v 3._o ed._n 4.10_o and_o there_o be_v a_o good_a consideration_n give_v they_o by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o increase_n of_o custom_n as_o discharge_v of_o prize_n wine_n for_o two_o shilling_n the_o tun_n and_o other_o immunity_n which_o all_o merchant_n alien_n hold_v and_o enjoy_v at_o this_o day_n by_o force_n of_o that_o contract_n make_v 31_o e._n 1._o for_o a_o stranger_n pai_v now_o but_o two_o shilling_n the_o tun_n for_o prisage_n whereas_o it_o stand_v a_o englishman_n in_o much_o more_o so_o as_o the_o rule_n of_o commutative_a justice_n make_v the_o contract_n available_a to_o the_o king_n against_o the_o merchant_n because_o he_o part_v with_o part_n of_o his_o prisage_n to_o the_o merchant_n and_o make_v it_o available_a to_o the_o merchant_n against_o the_o king_n because_o he_o give_v he_o increase_v of_o custom_n above_o that_o be_v due_a by_o law_n but_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o e._n 3._o cap._n 26._o 26._o 27_o e._n 3._o cap._n 26._o heretofore_o cite_v do_v make_v this_o point_n clear_a without_o scruple_n which_o confirm_v the_o charter_n of_o 31._o e._n 1._o entire_o and_o by_o that_o the_o increase_n of_o custom_n by_o three_o
suis_fw-la faciendo_fw-la inde_fw-la rectas_fw-la &_o dubitas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la nec_fw-la sibi_fw-la timeant_fw-la de_fw-la malis_fw-la tolnetis_fw-gr quae_fw-la iis_fw-la faciat_fw-la rex_fw-la vel_fw-la in_o terrâ_fw-la suá_fw-la fieri_fw-la permittat_fw-la by_o this_o record_n the_o word_n consutudo_fw-la be_v interpret_v to_o be_v mos_fw-la not_o portorium_fw-la otherwise_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v solvendo_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la not_o faciendo_fw-la also_o these_o word_n entiquum_fw-la &_o rectum_fw-la in_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o writ_n be_v rectum_fw-la &_o debitum_fw-la which_o do_v more_o enforce_v a_o certainty_n of_o right_n and_o duty_n which_o by_o no_o mean_n can_v be_v intend_v in_o imposition_n objection_n against_o this_o law_n be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o argument_n first_o that_o it_o be_v make_v for_o alien_n this_o be_v true_a the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n do_v plain_o show_v it_o be_v make_v for_o alien_n but_o if_o the_o state_n be_v so_o careful_a to_o provide_v for_o they_o shall_v we_o not_o judge_v that_o with_o denizen_n it_o be_v so_o already_o and_o that_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v to_o extend_v that_o liberty_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o alien_n which_o denizen_n have_v by_o the_o common_a law_n succeed_a time_n do_v so_o conceive_v of_o it_o as_o appeareth_z by_o the_o statute_n of_o 2._o 9_o 2._o e._n 3._o cap._n 9_o e._n 3._o cap._n 9_o the_o word_n be_v that_o all_o merchant_n stranger_n and_o prince_n may_v go_v and_o come_v with_o their_o merchandize_n in_o england_n after_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o that_o writ_n be_v thereupon_o send_v to_o all_o the_o sheriff_n in_o england_n and_o to_o mayor_n and_o bailiff_n of_o good_a town_n where_o need_n shall_v require_v a_o second_o objection_n be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o argument_n out_o of_o these_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o m._n char._n that_o merchant_n may_v free_o traffic_v nisi_fw-la publicè_fw-la antea_fw-la prohibiti_fw-la fuerint_fw-la by_o which_o be_v enforce_v that_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o restrain_v and_o prohibit_v traffic_n therefore_o to_o impose_v it_o be_v agree_v there_o may_v be_v a_o public_a restraint_n of_o traffic_n upon_o respect_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o whether_o that_o which_o be_v call_v publica_fw-la prohibitio_fw-la in_o the_o statute_n be_v intend_v by_o the_o king_n alone_o or_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v a_o question_n for_o such_o restraint_n have_v still_o be_v by_o parliament_n but_o admit_v the_o king_n may_v make_v a_o restraint_n of_o traffic_n in_o part_n for_o some_o public_a respect_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o do_v this_o in_o point_n of_o protection_n as_o trust_v by_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o if_o he_o use_v this_o trust_n to_o make_v a_o gain_n and_o benefit_n by_o impose_v that_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o trust_n and_o a_o sale_n of_o government_n and_o protection_n but_o more_o of_o this_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o speak_v in_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o main_a objection_n the_o next_o law_n be_v that_o notable_a statute_n of_o e._n 1._o 7._o 25._o e._n 1._o cap._n 7._o in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n make_v upon_o the_o very_a point_n in_o question_n the_o word_n be_v these_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n find_v themselves_o sore_o grieve_v with_o the_o male_a toll_n of_o wool_n that_o be_v to_o wit_n a_o toll_n of_o forty_o shilling_n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n and_o have_v petition_v to_o we_o for_o to_o release_v the_o same_o we_o at_o their_o request_n have_v clear_o release_v it_o and_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n that_o we_o shall_v not_o take_v such_o thing_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n and_o good_a will_n save_v to_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n the_o custom_n of_o wool_n skin_n and_o leather_n grant_v before_o by_o the_o commonalty_n aforesaid_a against_o the_o application_n of_o this_o law_n to_o the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n many_o objection_n be_v make_v some_o out_o of_o matter_n precedent_n to_o the_o law_n some_o out_o of_o the_o law_n itself_o some_o out_o of_o matter_n subsequent_a and_o follow_v after_o the_o law_n for_o matter_n precedent_n it_o be_v object_v out_o of_o thomas_n walsingham_n 1603._o tho._n walsingham_n in_o e._n 1._o foe_n 71_o 72_o 73._o edit_n per_fw-la w._n camb._n impres_n francof_n 1603._o a_o historiographer_n of_o good_a credit_n that_o write_v of_o that_o time_n when_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v that_o in_o the_o petition_n of_o grievance_n give_v to_o king_n e._n 1._o by_o the_o people_n in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n upon_o which_o petition_n the_o statute_n be_v make_v that_o they_o find_v themselves_o not_o grieve_v in_o point_n of_o right_n but_o in_o point_n of_o excess_n the_o word_n be_v communitas_fw-la sentit_fw-la se_fw-la gravatam_fw-la de_fw-fr vectigali_fw-la lanarum_fw-la quod_fw-la nimis_fw-la est_fw-la onerosum_fw-la viz._n de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la sacco_n 40_o s._n &_o de_fw-fr lanâ_fw-la fractâ_fw-la septem_fw-la marcas_fw-la so_o they_o express_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o grief_n that_o it_o be_v too_o heavy_a which_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o point_n of_o excess_n not_o of_o right_a to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o the_o word_n have_v be_v quia_fw-la est_fw-la nimis_fw-la onerosum_fw-la this_o construction_n may_v have_v be_v make_v out_o of_o they_o because_o the_o word_n quia_fw-la have_v induce_v a_o declaration_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o which_o be_v former_o affirm_v but_o the_o word_n be_v quod_fw-la nimis_fw-la onerosum_fw-la which_o do_v only_o positive_o affirm_v that_o the_o imposition_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v intolerable_a for_o the_o greatness_n of_o it_o which_o do_v not_o therefore_o admit_v that_o it_o be_v tolerable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o right_a the_o king_n have_v to_o impose_v but_o this_o be_v make_v clear_a by_o the_o general_a word_n precedent_n in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o petition_n which_o do_v evident_o infer_v they_o ground_v their_o complaint_n upon_o point_n of_o right_n not_o upon_o point_n of_o excess_n the_o word_n be_v these_o tota_n terrae_fw-la communitas_fw-la sentit_fw-la se_fw-la valdè_fw-la gravatam_fw-la quia_fw-la non_fw-la tractantur_fw-la secundum_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la terrae_fw-la secundum_fw-la quas_fw-la tractari_fw-la antecessores_fw-la svi_fw-la solebant_fw-la habere_fw-la sed_fw-la voluntariè_fw-la excluduntur_fw-la after_o which_o preamble_n among_o the_o particular_n this_o of_o forty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n be_v rank_v but_o with_o a_o dependency_n of_o that_o express_v in_o the_o preamble_n for_o the_o point_n of_o right_n but_o see_v we_o light_v upon_o history_n which_o though_o it_o be_v of_o small_a authority_n in_o a_o law_n argument_n yet_o be_v the_o history_n of_o our_o own_o realm_n have_v fit_a and_o proper_a use_n in_o the_o common_a counsel_n of_o the_o realm_n 1601._o matth_n westm_n foe_fw-mi 430._o edit_fw-la per_fw-la h._n savile_n mil._n francofurti_n 1601._o i_o will_v pursue_v it_o a_o little_a further_o out_o of_o matth._n westm_n a_o writer_n that_o live_v much_o near_o the_o time_n of_o the_o law_n make_v than_o thomas_n walsingham_n he_o say_v that_o the_o commons_o by_o their_o petition_n require_v ne_o rex_fw-la de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la tallagia_fw-la usurparet_fw-la &_o voluntarias_fw-la super_fw-la his_fw-la inductas_fw-la exactiones_fw-la de_fw-la caetero_fw-la quasi_fw-la in_o irritum_fw-la revocaret_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o point_n of_o the_o complaint_n be_v that_o the_o exaction_n lay_v on_o they_o be_v voluntary_a that_o be_v at_o the_o king_n will_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n out_o of_o the_o law_n it_o self_n it_o have_v much_o be_v press_v as_o first_o the_o commons_o make_v petition_n to_o the_o king_n whereupon_o they_o infer_v out_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o word_n petition_n that_o their_o proceed_n be_v by_o way_n of_o grievance_n for_o the_o excess_n and_o inconvenience_n as_o a_o matter_n of_o grace_n not_o in_o course_n of_o justice_n for_o the_o wrong_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o consider_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o party_n to_o this_o action_n it_o be_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o subject_a duty_n and_o good_a manner_n do_v induce_v gentleness_n and_o humility_n of_o term_n without_o blemish_n or_o diminution_n of_o the_o force_n of_o right_n it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o demeanour_n of_o job_n cap._n 9_o v._n 15._o 9.15_o job_n 9.15_o though_o i_o be_v just_a yet_o will_v i_o not_o answer_v but_o i_o will_v make_v supplication_n to_o my_o judge_n but_o in_o our_o form_n of_o law_n be_v the_o right_n of_o the_o subject_n never_o so_o clear_a manifest_a and_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o yet_o if_o his_o own_o be_v detain_v from_o he_o by_o the_o king_n he_o have_v no_o
return_v pay_v the_o subside_n custom_n and_o other_o profit_n reasonable_o due_a upon_o the_o word_n of_o this_o law_n be_v great_a advantage_n take_v in_o this_o that_o beside_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n which_o comprehend_v all_o the_o certain_a and_o ordinary_a duty_n the_o king_n have_v upon_o the_o ware_n and_o good_n of_o merchant_n there_o be_v other_o profit_v speak_v of_o to_o be_v due_a these_o they_o affirm_v can_v be_v understand_v but_o of_o imposition_n by_o the_o king_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v if_o they_o be_v not_o duty_n due_a to_o the_o king_n beside_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n which_o may_v satisfy_v the_o intention_n of_o these_o word_n this_o objection_n may_v have_v have_v some_o colour_n in_o it_o but_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o beside_o these_o two_o there_o be_v other_o profit_v due_a to_o the_o king_n upon_o merchant_n good_n as_o scavage_a tonage_n and_o the_o like_a and_o you_o shall_v find_v a_o petition_n in_o parliament_n 163._o rot._n par._n 50._o e._n 3._o nu_fw-la 163._o 50._o e._n 3._o against_o the_o raise_n of_o these_o above_o the_o old_a rate_n the_o eight_o law_n be_v 5_o 15._o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 2._o c._n 5_o e._n 3._o stat._n 2._o cap._n 5._o whereby_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o every_o merchant_n may_v free_o buy_v and_o sell_v and_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o their_o merchandize_n of_o wool_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n pay_v the_o custom_n of_o old_a time_n use_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o last_o parliament_n in_o midlent_a which_o be_v the_o stat._n 14._o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 2._o cap._n 2._o this_o law_n do_v express_o exclude_v the_o novelty_n of_o imposition_n the_o nine_o law_n be_v that_o 18._o 3_o 18_o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 1._o c._n 3_o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 1._o ca._n 3._o whereby_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v open_a to_o all_o manner_n of_o merchant_n to_o pass_v with_o their_o merchandize_n where_o it_o shall_v please_v they_o the_o ten_o be_v 2_o 27._o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 2._o c._n 2_o 27._o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 2_o cap._n 2_o for_o the_o assurance_n of_o merchants-stranger_n and_o other_o the_o king_n do_v will_n and_o grant_v for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v take_v over_o the_o due_a custom_n not_o take_v of_o they_o to_o his_o use_n by_o colour_n of_o suit_n or_o in_o other_o manner_n against_o their_o will_n the_o eleven_o be_v 38._o e._n 3._o cap._n 2._o 2._o 38._o e._n 3._o cap._n 2._o that_o all_o manner_n of_o merchant_n alien_n and_o denizen_n may_v buy_v and_o sell_v all_o manner_n of_o merchandize_n and_o free_o carry_v they_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n pay_v the_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n thereof_o due_a the_o last_o be_v 22._o h._n 8._o cap._n 8._o 8._o 22._o h._n 8._o cap._n 8._o by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o table_n shall_v be_v set_v up_o in_o port_n by_o which_o the_o certainty_n and_o very_a duty_n of_o every_o custom_n toll_n and_o duty_n or_o sum_n of_o 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