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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A67901	A review of the Covenant, wherein the originall, grounds, means, matter, and ends of it are examined: and out of the principles of the remonstrances, declarations, votes, orders, and ordinances of the prime covenanteers, or the firmer grounds of Scripture, law, and reason, disproved.	Langbaine, Gerard, 1609-1658.	1645 (1645)	Wing L371; ESTC R210023	90,934	119

Churches patrimony p. 68. VI Their illegall forcing the King to go against his Oath legally taken at his Coronation p. 72. VII Their swearing to have no respect of persons in their Extirpations p. 75. VIII Their allowing their Iudges to punish Malignants as they shall thinke convenient though their offences do not so deserve CHAP. X. That the Covenant is repugnant to those generall Ends for which it is pretended to be taken p. 78. As being I. Contrary to the Glory of God II. Destructive to the Protestant Religion and serving rather to advance Popery III. Derogatory to the Kings Honour p. 80. IV. Preiudiciall to the Liberties of the Kingdomes as taken for the upholding of their power by whom all publike Liberty is already destroyed V. Inconsistent with the Peace of the Kingdomes as tending immediately to nothing but Warre with others and not likely to end in Peace amongst themselves CHAP. XI That the particular Ends of the severall Articles are likewise inconsistent with the matter of them p. 87. As I. A violent Reformation with the Growth of Religion II. A violent Extirpation of what is not sin with the clearing of the Extirpers from sin III. Their swearing absolutely to preserve the power of Parliaments but the Kings Person and Authority with reservation for this End that the world may judge of their loyalty and how they have no intentions to diminish his iust Power Here the world is in part informed wherein the Kings iust Power consists As 1. In making p. 88. of Law 2. In making p. 88. of Law 3. In declaring p. 89. of Law 4● In executing 5. In appointing Iustices 6. In pardoning offenders p. 90. 7. In disposing of preferments 8. In protecting his Subiects 9. In Supremacy over all Estates 10. In calling adiourning proroguing dissolving of Parliaments p. 91. And how all these Powers are actually diminished if not destroyed by the Covenanteers In treating of the last particular the equity and so the validity of the late Act Against the Dissolution of this present Parliament is ventilated CHAP. XII The true End of framing and enjoyning this Covenant The bringing in of the Sco●s absolutely unlawfull p. 96. I. In respect of the English inv●●ing p. 97. II. In respect of the Sco●s comming Where the three pretended Reasons of their Invasion are debated viz. 1. The g●●d ●f Religion in England p. 98. 2. The 〈◊〉 of their native King p 99. 3. The rescuing this Kingdome from destruction p. 100. III. Their many former Oaths and Protestations to the contrary● CHAP. XIII From these premises the Covenant is concluded unlawfull in respect of the Forme p. 104. Errata Page Line For Reade 3 18 left last 6 3 desciverant desciver●nt 7 2 and or 8 34 abjected abjured 10 13 Passan Passa● 14 35 convented convened ib. 37 knew know 21 21 interferre interfere 23 33 Assembly that Assembly of that 25 6 bulke balke 29 6 to English to the English ib. 20 our one 31 29 must might 37 31 considered considerable Those Quotations which occurre out of the Remonstrances or Declarations of Parliament are taken out of that Exact Collection printed for Edward Husbands and published by speciall Order of the House of Commons made Martii 24. 1642. which is here usually pointed at the most compendious way by these Characters A Review of the Covenant CHAP. I. By what meanes the Covenanteers were reduced to the necessity of entering into this Combination confessed to be their last Refuge WHen the danger is once over to reflect upon the many miseries they have undergone may haply afford some small comfort to such as shall escape but so long as we groane under the present distempers and can discerne no probable end of our sufferings but with our selves it is but a sad contemplation to look back upon our former Peace and enquire by what sleights we were fooled out of so happy a condition He that found the poor man ready to perish in the bottome of the pit and was more inquisitive how he fell in then sollicitous to use meanes how to help him out expressed a greater measure of curiosity then Charity It shall therefore be my chiefest endeavour to rescue if I may the many seduced Scules out of that pit of Destruction into which they are already plunged The danger of those courses that led them thither was wisely foreseene a and timely foretold by His Majesty but urgentibus Imperium fatis salutares Dei atque hominum admonitiones spernuntur If the Contrivers of these great Tropicks in Church and State had at first {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} acquainted us with their designes we should have been affraid to owne and ashamed to abet them No question but what comes last in execution was first in their intention The subversion of Government as well Civill as Ecclesiasticall was the prime aime of those Architects of State who were to erect their private greatnesse upon the publique Ruines For whom it had been in vaine to strike immediatly at the face of Majesty or talke of pulling up Root and Branch the first day At the beginning of our Parliament it was with the common People of this Land as once with the Roman Souldier Miles longo Caesarum Sacramento imbutus ad destituendum Imperatorem arte magis impulsu quàm suo ingenio traductus The tye of Allegiance which had been ever held sacred and the many blessings of a long Peace enjoyed under His Majesty and His Royall Father would not without the help of Arts and Industry suffer them to make a suddaine defection from their Loyalty Their nature therefore fatally inclined to change must be cunningly wrought upon by an odious representation and malitious aggravation of some past grievances their dull restive Spirits must be conjured up by those two vulgar Charmes Religion and Liberty they are commanded to beleeve this is destroyed and that endangered So to bring them out of love with their present condition and make them venture a certaine happinesse for uncertaine hopes By what degrees they were disciplined and broken to a perfect Rebellion I forbeare to rehearse But if the Covenanting Members yet remaining at Westminster of whom onely I desire to be understood through this discourse be the same men that managed the Cause from the beginning and were the true Authors of all those Declarations and Remonstrances fathered upon one or both Houses of Parliament I crave leave once more to put the Kingdome in mind of what they were told before b how they had brought their worke to such a height and degree of successe that nothing seemed to be left in their way able to hinder the full accomplishment of their desires unlesse God in his Iustice should send a grievous curse upon them When we lay this profession of theirs in the ballance with His Majesties Answer to that very Declaratîon c where he desired his actions might no longer prosper then they were direct●d to

the glory of God and the maintenance of true Religion and weigh withall Their strength and His weaknesse at that time he having but a few men to guard him lesse money to pay them nothing at all to arme them save a good Cause the onely thing that his adversaries wanted and see how the Scales are turned since how they are enforced to call in Forreigne assistance and verifie their owne prophetick feare of invasion we cannot but acknowledge His Majesty found that blessing which he desired but whether it were the curse of God that thus farre hindered the accomplishment of their desires we are not forward to pronounce After they had been twice foyled by His Majesty first by His Pen and since by His Sword when writing and fighting would not serve the turne they fell to vowing and swearing their City Covenants led the way and to bring on the Scots this Nationall followes● which their owne elect d Orator tells them As it is the last Oath they are like to take in this kind so it is their last Refuge Tabula post naufragium If this help them not they are like to remaine till their dying day an unhappy People This then being as is supposed their Achilles upon which the fate of Greece depends I have adventured to encounter it Though I must confesse the mindes of all men being long agoe preengaged and the grand controversie not likely to be decided by any other dispute then of the sword Discourses of this kinde are much out of date Nor can I conceive what other great advantage they can make of this Covenant unlesse it be to enrich themselves by the injust spoiles of some few men resolvedly honest who by refuseing of it shall give testimony to the world that they value the salvation of their soules above that of their Estates As for those many softer tempers who may be wonne by perswasions or forced by constraint to the taking of it they will no sooner have opportunity to free themselves from those inducements then they will hold themselves freed from any obligations laid upon them by this Oath which is no other then a band of iniquity as I shall endeavour to prove by thi● ensuing Discourse CHAP. II. The Grounds of the Covenant and false Assertions laid downe in the Preface disproved THe more sacred any Ordinance is in it selfe the more prodigiously Sacrilegious is their sinne who would abuse it to injust ends Such are all those who traiterously affected to the King of Heaven without any warrant from his Law upon false suggestions and surmises of their own dare counterfeit his Signe Manual a Vow and affix his Great Seal an Oath to any illegall Ordinance of their own invention The Preface to this Covenant if it be no part of it as a Maister Henderson saies it is yet it containes the grounds of it which ought to be so true and evident as might be fit foundations to build a Solemn Oath upon so unquestionably certaine that at least the Covenanteers themselves should not doubt of them Whereas here they present us with almost as many untruthes as lines and some of them such as themselves know and confesse to be false 1. For it is not true that all sorts of Commons in the three Kingdomes either yet have or probably ever will take this Covenant nor that it is indeed what is here insinuated and commonly given out a Nationall Covenant between the Kingdomes When the Covenanteers in the close declare their desire to be humbled for their own sinnes and the sinnes of these Kingdomes as they put a distinction betwixt their sinnes so must they admit a vast difference betwixt themselves and these Kingdomes of which they are but an inconsiderable part I mean for their worth and I hope for their number too 2. It is not true that all those who take the Covenant upon their own Principles Live under one King the States of Scotland and the two Houses in England are commonly affirmed to be above the King at least Coordinate with him His authority is b said to reside with them though the person of Charles Steward be not there This indeed makes them Kings but not one King so long as England and Scotland are not one Kingdome As for other inferiour Covenanteers they must be Subjects but whether to one or the many Kings let it be thus tried King Charles Commands they shall not swear this League the many Kings Command they shall and their Subjects they are to whom they obey 3. It is not true that all the Covenanteers are of one reformed Religion c The Scots have often Petitioned for unity in Religion and d professed there can be no hopes of it till there be first one form of Ecclesiasticall Government this being not yet effected amongst themselves they must not pretend to be of one Religion 4. It is not true that in making this Covenant they could have all those goodly things before their eyes which they here boast off Vision is properly of things present the Liberty and Peace of England Ireland could not be visible to them through the deplorable Estate of the one and the distressed Estate of the other Kingdome But if they meant the phrase in a figurative sense yet am I loath to beleeve they looked upon the Glory of God and the honour of His Maiesty with the same eye That they intended to make him a glorious God in the same sense they endeavour to make his Majesty a Glorious King 5. It is not true that they did or could possibly call to minde the plots attempts and practices against the true Religion and professors thereof which have been in all places ever since the Reformation It is now above sixscore yeers since Luther first broke the ice no doubt many plots have been against our Religion or the professors of it some perhaps bare plots stifled in the wombe and never known but to the plotters others might come to the birth attempts and practices but at such a distance of time and place that none of the Covenanteers could be privy to them then or were acquainted with them since either never committed to story or those Histories not now extant or at least not read no● observed or forgotten by the Covenanteers who therefore cannot now call to minde the plots in all places ever since the Reformation 6. And if they have not done so then is the succeeding position likewise false they did not enter into this Covenant after mature deliberation Surely two or e three dayes after the first proposall was too short a time to ripen such a Deliberation But if it must be held an essentiall marke of malignancy not to swallow without chewing whatsoever is offered by such hands who pronounce the sentence by that Law Qui dubitant desciverant If any one Covenanteer be truly guilty of such a politique rashnesse as to sweare upon trust that others have maturely deliberated though