kingdom_n which_o be_v more_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o because_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o oath_n which_o he_o take_v at_o his_o coronation_n jura_n regni_fw-la svi_fw-la illibata_fw-la seruare_fw-la that_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v to_o be_v preserve_v inviolable_a sylvester_n in_o sum_n 6._o juram_fw-la 4._o n._n 16._o say_v roundly_o that_o a_o oath_n do_v not_o bind_v against_o the_o public_a good_a in_o the_o first_o place_n but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o private_a benefit_n principal_o and_o consequential_o for_o the_o public_a than_o the_o oath_n hold_v because_o still_o the_o public_a good_a be_v to_o over-rule_v in_o all_o such_o oath_n if_o a_o man_n swear_v to_o keep_v a_o secret_a and_o that_o be_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o a_o three_o person_n the_o casuist_n say_v that_o oath_n do_v not_o oblige_v how_o much_o less_o where_o the_o public_a interest_n and_o safety_n be_v concern_v and_o it_o be_v general_o agree_v by_o our_o divine_n that_o a_o oath_n of_o secrecy_n where_o the_o public_a safety_n be_v in_o danger_n do_v not_o bind_v as_o in_o garnet_n case_n who_o plead_v his_o oath_n for_o not_o discover_v the_o gun-powder-treason_n now_o if_o a_o oath_n do_v oblige_v against_o the_o common_a good_a garnet_n make_v a_o good_a plea_n for_o his_o discovery_n be_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o other_o but_o if_o his_o plea_n be_v naught_o than_o the_o public_a good_a do_v make_v the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n to_o cease_v suppose_v a_o man_n make_v a_o contract_n with_o another_o who_o thereby_o acquire_v a_o right_a yet_o if_o that_o contract_n be_v against_o the_o common_a good_a and_o be_v confirm_v with_o a_o oath_n that_o oath_n do_v not_o oblige_v say_v bonacina_n de_fw-fr contract_n disp_n 3._o q._n 1._o p._n 1._o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o law_n say_v suarez_n which_o respect_v the_o public_a good_a some_o which_o concern_v ipsum_fw-la statum_fw-la reipub._n &_o utilitatem_fw-la communitatis_fw-la the_o general_a state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o community_n other_o which_o concern_v bonum_fw-la common_a mediante_fw-la privato_fw-la that_o common_a good_a which_o result_v from_o every_o man_n be_v good_a against_o the_o former_a he_o say_v a_o oath_n can_v oblige_v but_o in_o the_o latter_a it_o may_v as_o far_o as_o concern_v his_o own_o benefit_n suarez_n de_fw-fr juram_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 26._o no_o obligation_n though_o swear_v to_o be_v of_o any_o force_n against_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v owe_v to_o god_n and_o the_o kingdom_n say_v zeiâ—lerus_n in_o his_o note_n on_o grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la b._n &_o p._n l._n 2._o c._n 13._o 13._o 7._o from_o all_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o if_o the_o right_n of_o a_o three_o person_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o public_a good_a such_o a_o oath_n do_v not_o oblige_v and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o those_o person_n who_o testimony_n be_v allege_v never_o put_v the_o case_n of_o the_o right_n in_o a_o three_o person_n and_o a_o public_a good_a stand_v in_o competition_n and_o therefore_o they_o do_v not_o reach_v our_o present_a case_n ii_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o this_o oath_n be_v contradictory_n to_o a_o former_a oath_n bishop_n hall_n again_o history_n of_o passive_a obedience_n p._n 46._o no_o oath_n be_v or_o can_v be_v of_o force_n that_o be_v make_v against_o a_o lawful_a oath_n former_o take_v so_o that_o he_o that_o have_v swear_v allegiance_n to_o his_o sovereign_n and_o thereby_o bind_v himself_o to_o maintain_v the_o right_n power_n and_o authority_n of_o his_o say_a sovereign_n can_v by_o his_o second_o oath_n be_v tie_v to_o do_v aught_o that_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o infringement_n thereof_o and_o if_o he_o have_v so_o tie_v himself_o the_o obligation_n be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la void_a and_o frustrate_v no_o doubt_n if_o the_o first_o oath_n continue_v in_o force_n the_o second_o be_v void_a so_o far_o as_o it_o contradict_v it_o but_o we_o say_v the_o former_a oath_n be_v not_o in_o force_n as_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o public_a good_a and_o so_o the_o second_o may_v be_v take_v without_o any_o contradiction_n and_o if_o the_o doctrine_n there_o lay_v down_o hold_v in_o our_o case_n i_o can_v see_v how_o it_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o former_a oath_n for_o any_o such_o person_n to_o continue_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o present_a government_n or_o to_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n or_o to_o take_v out_o a_o writ_n in_o their_o name_n any_o more_o than_o to_o pray_v for_o they_o the_o one_o being_n own_v their_o authority_n as_o much_o as_o the_o other_o iii_o because_o the_o person_n who_o have_v the_o right_n have_v give_v no_o release_n for_o this_o dr._n hammond_n be_v quote_v in_o his_o practical_a catechism_n history_n of_o passive_a obed._n p._n 54._o s._n but_o be_v not_o tiberius_n a_o usurper_n and_o yet_o christ_n say_v render_v to_o caesar_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v caesar_n c._n julius_n caesar_n wrest_v the_o power_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o senate_n but_o before_o the_o time_n of_o tiberius_n the_o business_n be_v accord_v between_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o emperor_n that_o the_o emperor_n now_o reign_v unquestioned_a without_o any_o competition_n from_o the_o senate_n which_o case_n he_o say_v be_v distant_a from_o other_o forcible_a usurpation_n where_o the_o legal_a sovereign_n do_v still_o claim_v his_o right_n to_o his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o the_o allegiance_n of_o his_o subject_n no_o way_n acquit_v they_o from_o their_o oath_n or_o lay_v down_o his_o pretension_n to_o clear_v this_o matter_n i_o shall_v inquire_v into_o two_o thing_n 1._o how_o far_o a_o discharge_n be_v necessary_a from_o the_o person_n concern_v 2._o how_o far_o our_o saviour_n rule_n hold_v in_o our_o case_n as_o to_o the_o former_a i_o say_v the_o resolution_n of_o conscience_n in_o this_o case_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o former_a oath_n be_v make_v but_o upon_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o it_o be_v make_v and_o from_o which_o it_o have_v its_o force_n to_o oblige_v and_o if_o those_o cease_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o oath_n cease_v together_o with_o they_o and_o whether_o they_o do_v or_o not_o no_o particular_a person_n be_v so_o fit_a to_o judge_v as_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o i_o shall_v now_o prove_v from_o several_a remarkable_a instance_n to_o this_o purpose_n in_o our_o history_n and_o parliament_n record_n whereby_o i_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o when_o a_o dispute_n have_v happen_v about_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n and_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v to_o be_v make_v they_o have_v look_v on_o it_o as_o their_o proper_a right_n to_o limit_v the_o succession_n and_o to_o determine_v the_o oath_n under_o the_o british_a government_n we_o find_v a_o considerable_a instance_n to_o our_o purpose_n vortigern_n the_o british_a king_n have_v enter_v into_o a_o secret_a league_n to_o bring_v over_o the_o saxon_n upon_o which_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o nation_n desert_v he_o and_o choose_v vortimer_n in_o his_o room_n here_o it_o be_v plain_a they_o think_v the_o introduce_v a_o foreign_a power_n 83_o a_o sufficient_a discharge_n of_o their_o obligation_n to_o he_o it_o be_v so_o direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o nation_n although_o vortigern_n give_v they_o no_o discharge_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n sigebert_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n be_v complain_v of_o for_o misgovernment_n and_o for_o change_v their_o law_n for_o his_o own_o end_n but_o when_o he_o persist_v in_o his_o way_n there_o be_v a_o convention_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n convenêrunt_fw-la proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la populo_fw-la universo_fw-it say_v matt._n westminster_n and_o they_o declare_v themselves_o free_a from_o allegiance_n to_o he_o 196._o and_o choose_v kineulfus_fw-la in_o his_o room_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n beornredus_fw-la for_o not_o govern_v by_o the_o law_n be_v by_o a_o convention_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n set_v aside_o from_o the_o government_n and_o offa_n choose_v king_n who_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a stem_n but_o not_o the_o next_o heir_n and_o so_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n observe_v in_o the_o west_n saxon_a kingdom_n after_o ina_n west_n that_o no_o lineal_a succession_n be_v then_o observe_v but_o still_o some_o of_o the_o royal_a line_n sit_v in_o the_o throne_n 2._o and_o of_o ina_n himself_o ib._n that_o he_o be_v rather_o put_v into_o the_o throne_n for_o his_o virtue_n than_o by_o right_o of_o succession_n aethelulphus_fw-la 867._o king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n go_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o crown_v alfred_n his_o young_a son_n king_n and_o marry_v the_o king_n of_o france_n daughter_n in_o his_o return_n and_o make_v her_o queen_n against_o their_o law_n for_o which_o reason_n he_o be_v exclude_v his_o kingdom_n his_o
it_o and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o such_o who_o enter_v into_o compact_n for_o their_o benefit_n shall_v renounce_v all_o right_a to_o it_o when_o they_o have_v do_v it_o and_o if_o they_o have_v right_o they_o may_v be_v wrong_v and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o great_a slavery_n natural_a equity_n be_v require_v and_o a_o common_a right_o be_v still_o due_a to_o slave_n 18._o as_o man_n so_o that_o nature_n own_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o mere_a absolute_a power_n in_o some_o over_o other_o mere_o for_o their_o own_o advantage_n but_o all_o reasonable_a power_n suppose_v consent_v and_o a_o good_a to_o be_v attain_v by_o it_o but_o when_o it_o be_v carry_v to_o a_o contrary_a end_n it_o be_v against_o the_o intention_n of_o nature_n which_o lay_v a_o obligation_n on_o some_o man_n towards_o other_o with_o regard_n to_o a_o common_a good_a which_o can_v otherwise_o be_v attain_v it_o be_v not_o deny_v by_o the_o strict_a casuist_n in_o these_o matter_n but_o that_o under_o a_o state_n of_o usurpation_n notwithstanding_o their_o oath_n to_o the_o rightful_a prince_n man_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v those_o thing_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o public_a safety_n as_o well_o as_o their_o own_o but_o then_o they_o find_v it_o upon_o a_o presumptive_a consent_n of_o the_o absent_a prince_n whereas_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v that_o man_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n bind_v to_o promote_v the_o public_a good_a and_o consequential_o and_o with_o respect_n to_o it_o to_o regard_v the_o will_n of_o their_o prince_n who_o be_v appoint_v by_o god_n and_o nature_n for_o that_o end_n and_o if_o such_o be_v render_v uncapable_a of_o do_v it_o yet_o the_o obligation_n on_o other_o remain_v whereas_o if_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o absent_a prince_n his_o presumptive_a will_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a for_o that_o can_v lay_v no_o obligation_n but_o that_o the_o public_a good_a be_v the_o true_a and_o just_a measure_n of_o the_o obligation_n in_o these_o oath_n do_v further_a appear_v in_o that_o the_o oath_n be_v reciprocal_a whereas_o if_o only_o the_o good_a of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v make_v be_v to_o be_v our_o rule_n than_o there_o will_v be_v no_o mutual_a oath_n i_o be_o not_o now_o inquire_v how_o far_o in_o reciprocal_a oath_n one_o party_n fail_n disoblige_v the_o other_o but_o i_o be_o show_v that_o it_o must_v be_v a_o general_n good_a that_o be_v aim_v at_o when_o both_o party_n be_v swear_v to_o each_o other_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o strict_a feudal_n allegiance_n the_o lord_n be_v as_o much_o swear_v to_o the_o tenant_n to_o protect_v and_o defend_v he_o in_o his_o right_n as_o the_o other_o be_v to_o attend_v he_o in_o his_o war_n for_o the_o security_n of_o his_o person_n and_o this_o be_v certain_o found_v on_o a_o mutual_a contract_n call_v by_o the_o old_a feudist_n liga_fw-la and_o thence_o ligeas_fw-la and_o ligeantia_fw-la and_o so_o our_o allegiance_n the_o word_n of_o glanvil_n and_o bracton_n and_o the_o customary_a of_o normandy_n 43._o be_v plain_a to_o show_v the_o reciprocal_a obligation_n in_o this_o case_n and_o the_o measure_n on_o both_o side_n be_v to_o be_v the_o right_n and_o custom_n and_o law_n of_o the_o land_n so_o that_o allegiance_n original_o imply_v a_o compact_a and_o be_v to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o law_n which_o be_v the_o standard_n of_o the_o public_a good_a of_o a_o country_n 2_o have_v thus_o in_o general_n fix_v these_o ground_n to_o proceed_v upon_o i_o come_v to_o the_o particular_a examination_n of_o the_o difficulty_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o present_a oath_n and_o because_o we_o be_v charge_v with_o apostasy_n from_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o that_o be_v make_v the_o main_a ground_n of_o the_o design_a separation_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v what_o this_o charge_n be_v build_v upon_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o oath_n for_o that_o be_v all_o we_o be_v concern_v in_o if_o any_o particular_a person_n have_v advance_v new_a hypothesis_n of_o government_n contrary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o our_o church_n let_v they_o answer_v for_o themselves_o the_o case_n of_o the_o oath_n be_v quite_o of_o another_o nature_n here_o be_v no_o renounce_v the_o doctrine_n of_o passive_a obedience_n or_o assert_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o resistance_n but_o the_o single_a point_n be_v whether_o the_o law_n of_o our_o nation_n do_v not_o bind_v we_o to_o allegiance_n to_o a_o king_n and_o queen_n in_o actual_a possession_n of_o the_o throne_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o whether_o such_o a_o oath_n may_v not_o lawful_o be_v take_v notwithstanding_o any_o former_a oath_n and_o by_o this_o very_o state_v of_o the_o case_n any_o one_o may_v see_v how_o impertinent_a to_o this_o purpose_n the_o book_n call_v the_o history_n of_o passive_a obedience_n be_v the_o truth_n be_v there_o be_v not_o many_o passage_n in_o it_o which_o come_v near_o the_o business_n but_o those_o that_o do_v contain_v in_o they_o the_o main_a difficulty_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o oath_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v impartial_o consider_v they_o which_o be_v these_o i._n that_o they_o be_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o a_o three_o person_n ii_o that_o they_o be_v contradictory_n to_o a_o former_a oath_n iii_o that_o the_o person_n to_o who_o they_o be_v make_v have_v give_v no_o release_n or_o discharge_v from_o they_o for_o the_o first_o we_o have_v these_o testimony_n bishop_n hall_n p._n 46._o say_v that_o a_o promissory_a oath_n which_o be_v to_o the_o certain_a prejudice_n of_o another_o man_n right_a can_v be_v attend_v with_o justice._n bishop_n sanderson_n p._n 61._o a_o oath_n impose_v by_o one_o that_o have_v not_o a_o just_a authority_n be_v to_o be_v decline_v as_o much_o as_o we_o can_v if_o it_o be_v forcible_o impose_v it_o be_v to_o be_v take_v with_o reluctancy_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o word_n imply_v nothing_o unlawful_a or_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o right_n of_o a_o three_o person_n for_o if_o so_o we_o must_v refuse_v the_o oath_n at_o the_o peril_n of_o our_o life_n i_o grant_v it_o be_v a_o rule_n among_o the_o casuist_n that_o a_o oath_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o a_o three_o person_n but_o so_o it_o be_v likewise_o that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v against_o the_o public_a good_a 66_o and_o these_o two_o be_v often_o put_v together_o it_o be_v a_o sin_n say_v zoesius_fw-la to_o make_v a_o compact_n to_o the_o public_a prejudice_n and_o injury_n of_o another_o and_o a_o oath_n that_o be_v conversant_a about_o such_o a_o matter_n be_v unjust_a and_o not_o to_o be_v keep_v so_o that_o the_o right_n of_o a_o three_o person_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v as_o distinct_a from_o the_o public_a good_a for_o if_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o it_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n to_o set_v up_o a_o personal_a interest_n against_o a_o general_n good._n and_o so_o far_o a_o mischief_n be_v better_a than_o a_o inconvenience_n for_o it_o be_v a_o stand_a rule_n in_o reason_n as_o well_o as_o law_n potest_fw-la the_o public_a right_n can_v be_v change_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o particular_a person_n ff_n l._n 2._o tit_n 14._o if_o a_o man_n take_v a_o oath_n to_o a_o three_o person_n to_o do_v something_o which_o the_o law_n forbid_v although_o he_o suffer_v by_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o such_o a_o oath_n do_v not_o bind_v because_o the_o public_a good_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v as_o often_o as_o a_o compact_n do_v depart_v from_o the_o common_a right_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v nor_o be_v a_o oath_n require_v it_o to_o be_v observe_v ff_n l._n 2._o tit_n 14._o juris_fw-la gentium_fw-la gentium_fw-la 16._o and_o again_o a_o oath_n against_o the_o force_n of_o law_n and_o authority_n of_o right_n be_v of_o no_o moment_n what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o a_o oath_n do_v not_o bind_v against_o the_o law_n be_v not_o the_o authority_n of_o god_n above_o that_o of_o man_n no_o doubt_n of_o it_o but_o since_o god_n have_v establish_v government_n and_o law_n for_o a_o public_a good_a their_o meaning_n be_v that_o man_n can_v by_o any_o act_n of_o their_o own_o be_v bind_v to_o overthrow_v it_o in_o what_o solemn_a manner_n soever_o it_o be_v do_v it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o text_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n in_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n case_n that_o a_o oath_n take_v against_o the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v not_o oblige_v de_fw-fr jurejur_fw-fr c._n 33._o intellecto_fw-la although_o it_o be_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o other_o because_o it_o be_v in_o praejudicium_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o his_o
elder_a son_n and_o alstan_n bishop_n of_o shireburn_n be_v at_o the_o top_n of_o this_o act_n of_o exclusion_n and_o he_o come_v back_o only_o upon_o the_o term_n of_o receive_v his_o son_n into_o a_o share_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o show_v that_o they_o look_v on_o the_o law_n as_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o allegiance_n and_o where_o those_o be_v open_o break_v that_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o transfer_v it_o if_o our_o allegiance_n can_v be_v transfer_v by_o the_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o must_v be_v because_o as_o some_o think_v by_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n we_o be_v bind_v in_o allegiance_n to_o the_o next_o right_a heir_n in_o a_o lineal_a succession_n but_o i_o find_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n for_o although_o general_o they_o keep_v to_o the_o royal_a line_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o when_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v much_o more_o for_o the_o public_a good_a they_o do_v not_o stick_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o proximity_n i_o shall_v not_o meddle_v with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o northumber_n which_o alone_o be_v original_o elective_a 101._o as_o appear_v by_o matt._n westminster_n wherein_o there_o happen_v so_o great_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n 862._o that_o at_o last_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n say_v 14._o none_o can_v be_v persuade_v to_o accept_v of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v thirty_o three_o year_n till_o at_o last_o egbert_n take_v it_o into_o his_o hand_n and_o so_o it_o become_v a_o part_n of_o the_o english_a monarchy_n which_o be_v establish_v in_o he_o but_o if_o by_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n allegiance_n be_v indispensable_o due_a to_o the_o next_o rightful_a heir_n in_o this_o monarchy_n how_o come_v athelstan_n to_o be_v crown_v magno_fw-la consensu_fw-la optimatum_fw-la say_v malmsbury_n when_o he_o be_v not_o the_o rightful_a heir_n some_o say_v from_o a_o old_a monk_n in_o malmsbury_n that_o his_o father_n leave_v he_o the_o crown_n by_o his_o testament_n which_o do_v not_o clear_a the_o difficulty_n as_o to_o the_o inviolable_a right_n of_o succession_n by_o the_o constitution_n but_o this_o can_v be_v true_a for_o his_o elder_a brother_n elwardus_fw-la die_v after_o his_o father_n and_o none_o pretend_v that_o his_o father_n disinherit_v he_o and_o if_o athelstan_n be_v lawful_a heir_n what_o make_v he_o to_o dispatch_v his_o brother_n edwin_n out_o of_o the_o way_n west_n and_o to_o build_v two_o monastery_n for_o expiation_n of_o that_o gild_n 934._o how_o come_v alfred_n to_o oppose_v his_o election_n 939._o as_o be_v illegitimate_a as_o malmsbury_n confess_v but_o matt._n westminster_n give_v the_o reason_n the_o time_n be_v then_o difficult_a and_o edward_n other_o son_n be_v too_o young_a to_o manage_v the_o government_n and_o therefore_o they_o set_v up_o athelstan_n as_o one_o fit_a for_o business_n how_o come_v edred_n to_o succeed_v edmond_n and_o not_o his_o son_n edwin_n and_o edgar_n 949._o matt._n westminster_n and_o bromton_n give_v the_o same_o reason_n they_o be_v uncapable_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o age_n repugnante_fw-la illegitimâ_fw-la aetate_fw-la patri_fw-la succedere_fw-la non_fw-la valebant_fw-la florence_n of_o worcester_n say_v the_o northumber_n swear_v allegiance_n to_o edred_n and_o he_o say_v he_o be_v next_o heir_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v two_o son_n of_o edmond_n before_o he_o for_o he_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v the_o son_n of_o edmond_n and_o algiva_n his_o queen_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edred_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o edmond_n succeed_v but_o be_v find_v under_o a_o moral_a incapacity_n for_o in_o florentius_n his_o word_n 957._o and_o matt._n westminster_n in_o commisso_fw-la regimine_fw-la insipienter_fw-la egit_fw-la he_o be_v set_v aside_o as_o to_o all_o the_o government_n beyond_o thames_n and_o edgar_n put_v into_o it_o and_o not_o long_o after_o into_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n by_o general_a consent_n how_o come_v a_o dispute_n to_o happen_v about_o the_o election_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edgar_n between_o his_o elder_a son_n edward_n and_o etheldred_n his_o young_a i_o lay_v no_o force_n on_o his_o mother_n endeavour_n to_o advance_v he_o but_o if_o there_o have_v be_v such_o a_o unalterable_a right_n of_o succession_n there_o have_v not_o be_v any_o colour_n or_o pretence_n for_o it_o especial_o since_o it_o be_v say_v that_o his_o father_n declare_v his_o mind_n that_o the_o elder_a shall_v succeed_v 975._o but_o say_v florentius_n wigorn._n there_o be_v a_o great_a contention_n among_o the_o great_a man_n about_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o king_n how_o can_v there_o be_v any_o dispute_n if_o they_o know_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v that_o the_o next_o heir_n must_v inherit_v the_o crown_n and_o that_o those_o be_v perjure_v who_o transfer_v their_o allegiance_n after_o the_o death_n of_o ethelred_n 1016._o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n be_v divide_v some_o choose_v canutus_n the_o dane_n and_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o other_o to_z edmund_z the_o son_n of_o ethelred_n the_o former_a plead_v for_o themselves_o 2._o that_o ethelred_n have_v break_v his_o faith_n with_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o desert_v he_o so_o as_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o fly_v into_o normandy_n and_o that_o edmond_n be_v not_o his_o legitimate_a son._n matt._n westminster_n say_v 1016_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o nation_n clergy_n as_o well_o as_o laity_n do_v swear_v allegiance_n to_o canutus_n without_o any_o discharge_n from_o ethelred_n while_o live_v or_o his_o son_n after_o he_o after_o the_o death_n of_o canutus_n 1055._o a_o new_a difference_n arise_v about_o the_o succession_n some_o be_v for_o harold_n his_o suppose_a son_n by_o algiva_n other_o for_o hardecnute_n his_o son_n by_o emma_n if_o the_o lineal_a succession_n be_v a_o part_n of_o our_o constitution_n how_o come_v such_o perpetual_a dispute_n to_o be_v concern_v it_o for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v own_v as_o a_o fundamental_a law_n the_o right_a of_o succession_n must_v have_v be_v clear_a beyond_o dispute_n but_o reason_n of_o state_n and_o the_o public_a interest_n still_o overrule_v this_o matter_n and_o so_o ethelred_n son_n by_o emma_n who_o be_v the_o true_a heir_n by_o legal_a succession_n be_v set_v aside_o and_o harold_n be_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o so_o best_a able_a to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n carry_v it_o hardecnute_n be_v dead_a how_o come_v the_o banish_a son_n of_o edmund_n ironside_n if_o he_o be_v lawful_a heir_n not_o to_o be_v send_v for_o to_o succeed_v if_o edmund_n have_v no_o good_a title_n how_o be_v the_o right_a of_o succession_n then_o preserve_v how_o can_v allegiance_n on_o these_o principle_n be_v swear_v to_o he_o if_o he_o have_v a_o good_a title_n how_o can_v the_o oath_n be_v take_v to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n when_o the_o heir_n of_o edmond_n ironside_n be_v live_v i_o perceive_v some_o to_o salve_v the_o succession_n make_v the_o mother_n of_o edmond_n to_o have_v be_v ethelred_n first_o wife_n and_o call_v she_o elgiva_n duke_n thored_n daughter_n but_o william_n malmsbury_n say_v she_o be_v so_o obscure_a a_o person_n 40._o that_o she_o be_v not_o know_v and_o that_o edmond_n ironside_n make_v up_o what_o be_v want_v in_o the_o management_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o the_o same_o be_v say_v by_o matt._n westminster_n 102._o florentius_n wigorn_n show_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o mistake_n for_o he_o say_v that_o emma_n ethelrede_n queen_n be_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n call_v algiva_n and_o so_o out_o of_o two_o name_n 877._o they_o have_v make_v two_o queen_n bromton_n leave_v the_o matter_n in_o dispute_n and_o say_v some_o affirm_v the_o mother_n of_o edmond_n be_v betroth_v to_o king_n ethelred_n and_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o count_n egbert_n other_o that_o she_o be_v a_o stranger_n and_o a_o concubine_n now_o if_o a_o man_n conscience_n be_v strict_o hide_v in_o such_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n in_o a_o lineal_a succession_n what_o satisfaction_n can_v he_o have_v as_o to_o the_o take_v they_o since_o he_o be_v then_o bind_v to_o satisfy_v himself_o in_o the_o strict_a justice_n of_o a_o title_n for_o if_o edmond_n mother_n be_v not_o marry_v he_o have_v no_o title_n and_o no_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n can_v be_v take_v to_o he_o and_o whether_o he_o be_v marry_v or_o not_o for_o all_o that_o we_o can_v perceive_v there_o be_v a_o great_a doubt_n at_o that_o time_n and_o so_o continue_v and_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v what_o be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o marriage_n in_o a_o prince_n unless_o the_o law_n be_v the_o rule_n and_o if_o the_o law_n determine_v the_o nature_n
of_o contract_n in_o prince_n why_o not_o as_o well_o the_o obligation_n of_o subject_n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o rule_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o satisfy_v conscience_n in_o the_o nicety_n of_o title_n if_o there_o be_v a_o rule_n the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n join_v with_o the_o common_a good_a seem_v to_o have_v be_v that_o which_o our_o ancestor_n proceed_v by_o i_o do_v not_o hereby_o go_v about_o to_o set_v up_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n over_o king_n which_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o overthrow_v monarchy_n for_o then_o the_o whole_a sovereignty_n lie_v in_o the_o people_n and_o king_n be_v but_o their_o servant_n and_o so_o there_o be_v but_o one_o sort_n of_o reasonable_a government_n viz._n that_o of_o a_o commonwealth_n whereas_o from_o the_o elder_a time_n the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n have_v be_v place_v in_o single_a person_n before_o any_o popular_a government_n be_v know_v and_o monarchy_n have_v be_v ever_o esteem_v a_o distinct_a and_o a_o reasonable_a government_n especial_o where_o it_o be_v limit_v by_o law_n and_o those_o law_n make_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n i.e._n by_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o be_v together_o the_o true_a representative_n of_o the_o people_n i_o see_v no_o necessity_n of_o go_v about_o to_o undermine_v the_o monarchy_n that_o i_o may_v come_v at_o a_o resolution_n of_o the_o present_a case_n for_o i_o take_v we_o to_o be_v a_o true_a original_a monarchy_n especial_o after_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lesser_a monarch_n be_v swallow_v up_o or_o deliver_v into_o that_o of_o the_o west-saxon_a king_n and_o far_o i_o do_v not_o stick_v to_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v hereditary_a where_o the_o right_a of_o succession_n and_o the_o public_a good_a do_v not_o interfere_v i.e._n where_o there_o be_v not_o a_o natural_a or_o moral_a incapacity_n a_o natural_a as_o in_o the_o son_n of_o the_o elder_a edmond_n when_o edred_n be_v make_v king_n before_o they_o a_o moral_a as_o when_o edgar_n elder_a brother_n be_v set_v aside_o for_o his_o ill_a government_n by_o one_o half_a of_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o other_o never_o dispute_v the_o matter_n with_o they_o and_o when_o ethelred_n be_v so_o far_o desert_v that_o he_o go_v into_o normandy_n and_o be_v recall_v upon_o promise_n of_o better_a government_n si_fw-mi ipse_fw-la vel_fw-la rectius_fw-la gubernare_fw-la 1014._o vel_fw-la mitius_fw-la eos_fw-la tractare_fw-la vellet_fw-la be_v the_o word_n in_o florentius_n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n matt._n westminster_n and_o bromton_n and_o malmsbury_n h._n huntingdon_n add_v that_o he_o promise_v omne_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la digna_fw-la 2._o all_o thing_n worthy_a of_o the_o king_n and_o people_n these_o thing_n i_o mention_v to_o show_v that_o although_o this_o be_v a_o true_a &_o successive_a monarchy_n in_o ordinary_a course_n yet_o where_o the_o public_a good_a be_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n judge_v to_o require_v it_o they_o think_v it_o no_o perjury_n or_o breach_n of_o faith_n to_o transferr_v their_o allegiance_n although_o it_o be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o actual_a governor_n or_o the_o next_o lineal_a heir_n have_v thus_o far_o clear_v this_o point_n as_o to_o the_o saxon_a constitution_n of_o our_o government_n i_o come_v to_o that_o of_o the_o norman_a and_o here_o i_o shall_v not_o go_v about_o to_o show_v how_o break_v the_o succession_n be_v by_o force_n and_o faction_n but_o what_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v as_o to_o the_o transfer_v allegiance_n and_o the_o first_o instance_n i_o shall_v bring_v be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o oath_n take_v to_o maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o in_o the_o one_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o there_o be_v no_o question_n 2._o but_o he_o design_v she_o to_o succeed_v he_o legitimâ_fw-la &_o perenni_fw-la successione_n as_o malmsbury_n word_n be_v but_o stephen_n who_o have_v before_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o she_o watch_v his_o opportunity_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o party_n make_v by_o his_o brother_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n he_o be_v crown_v king_n and_o although_o at_o first_o malmsbury_n say_v but_o three_o bishop_n and_o very_o few_o nobleman_n join_v with_o he_o yet_o he_o soon_o after_o say_v that_o most_o of_o they_o go_v in_o to_o he_o and_o even_o robert_n of_o gloucester_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o be_v natural_o son_n take_v a_o oath_n to_o he_o but_o with_o the_o condition_n of_o his_o preserve_v his_o honour_n and_o covenant_n there_o be_v several_a thing_n worthy_a our_o observation_n in_o this_o affair_n with_o respect_n to_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n 1_o that_o those_o who_o excuse_v they_o from_o perjury_n who_o have_v swear_v allegiance_n to_o maud_n before_o do_v it_o upon_o this_o account_n because_o it_o be_v say_v by_o rad._n de_fw-fr diceto_n that_o hugh_n bigod_n swear_v that_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o on_o his_o deathbed_n disinherit_v his_o daughter_n and_o make_v stephen_n his_o heir_n suppose_v the_o story_n true_a what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o discharge_v of_o the_o oath_n as_o to_o maud_n for_o the_o oath_n be_v not_o make_v to_o henry_n the_o first_o but_o to_o his_o daughter_n and_o her_o right_n be_v chief_o concern_v in_o it_o if_o this_o hold_n a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n may_v cease_v without_o discharge_n from_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v make_v and_o so_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o salisbury_n as_o well_o as_o the_o nobility_n think_v themselves_o at_o liberty_n to_o take_v a_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n without_o a_o release_n from_o the_o party_n concern_v in_o the_o former_a oath_n 2._o that_o upon_o the_o agreement_n between_o k._n stephen_n and_o h._n 2._o maud_n herself_o be_v set_v aside_o and_o stephen_n be_v to_o continue_v king_n for_o his_o life_n and_o h._n 2._o to_o succeed_v he_o now_o if_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n must_v not_o be_v interpret_v by_o the_o public_a good_a here_o be_v insuperable_a difficulty_n as_o to_o the_o obligation_n of_o these_o oath_n for_o the_o allegiance_n be_v transfer_v from_o the_o right_a heir_n to_o a_o usurper_n as_o stephen_n must_v be_v own_v to_o have_v be_v by_o those_o who_o deny_v that_o allegiance_n can_v be_v transfer_v from_o the_o right_a heir_n and_o they_o must_v continue_v allegiance_n to_o the_o usurper_n for_o his_o life_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o constitution_n if_o it_o be_v found_v in_o a_o lineal_a and_o legal_a succession_n and_o again_o maud_n to_o who_o they_o have_v swear_v be_v set_v aside_o and_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v entail_v on_o her_o son_n although_o she_o be_v live_v fortescue_n in_o a_o manuscript-discourse_n about_o the_o title_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n sai_z this_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n communi_fw-la consensu_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la 1153._o rad._n de_fw-fr diceto_n who_o live_v near_o the_o time_n say_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o fortescue_n appeal_v not_o only_o to_o the_o chronicle_n but_o to_o the_o proceed_n of_o parliament_n 1153._o for_o it_o and_o matt._n westminster_n and_o paris_n say_v the_o right_n of_o h._n 2._o be_v declare_v by_o k._n stephen_n in_o conventu_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ib._n &_o aliorum_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la optimatum_fw-la which_o be_v the_o description_n of_o a_o parliament_n of_o that_o time_n for_o as_o yet_o the_o baronage_n represent_v the_o nation_n 1153._o gervase_n say_v the_o great_a man_n be_v summon_v to_o perfect_v the_o agreement_n by_o give_v their_o assent_n to_o it_o and_o confirm_v it_o by_o their_o oath_n fortescue_n say_v further_a that_o h._n 2._o be_v crown_v king_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o mother_n who_o live_v to_o the_o 13_o of_o h._n 2._o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o show_v how_o 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