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A14575 The order and vsage of the keeping of a parlement in England, and The description of tholde and ancient cittie of Fxcester [sic]. Collected by Iohn Vovvel alias Hooker gentleman; Order and usage of keeping of the parlements in England Hooker, John, 1526?-1601.; Hooker, John, 1526?-1601. Discription of the cittie of Excester. aut 1575 (1575) STC 24887; ESTC S119300 57,649 106

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by the space of thrée hundreth and od yéeres vntil the time and comming of King Adlestane For he about the yéer of our Lord. 932. beeing muche gréeued with the Rebellion of the Cornish people because they refused and denyed to acknowledge him for their lawful King did bend his power and conducted his armie against them and with force when he had subdewed them returned to this Cittie and for a perpetuall memory to this common welth whiles he soiorned him self therin repaired and new builded the Cittie and the walles therof whiche before with force and fire were vtterly destroyed And then altred and chaunged the name therof calling it after the name of the Riuer Esseterra or Exeterra that is to say Exeter For so writeth Polidorus Est Exonia vrbs Deuonie comitatus loco precelso ad occidentem versus posita abluiturque flumine Exi a quo nomen habet Others therbe which name it Excestrum and thinketh it to be so called of the Riuer whiche is named Exestrum for this write they Clarissima vrbum est Excestria que ab amni Excestro qui eandem preterfluit est sic nuncupata I finde it also in an olde written Cronicle that it is named Exancestria or Exancestre which name should séem to be so giuen by the Sarons at their abode and béeing in this land for commonly the names which they gaue to such Townes Citties and Fortes as they either builded or reedified did end in Cestre as Chestre as Glocestre Lecestre Māchester winchestre worcestre Oscestre Colchestre Cicestre Ilcestre Bicestre and this Cittie of Exancestre with others for Cair in British and Cestre in Saxony is in English a Fort Town or Castle This Cittie is walled round about and so is thought was from the begininig It is all togither foure square but declineth towards a roundnes and containeth in circuite or compasse xvj hundred whole paces after fiue foot to the pace which accounting one thousand paces to a Mile is a mile and halfe and some what more The scituation of it is very plesaunt and amenous béeing set vpon a little hil emong many hilles the Contrie round about béeing Mountanose and ful of hilles It is pendēt towards the Sowth and West partes after and in such sort that be the Stréets neuer so foule or filthy yet with a shower of rain they are clensed aad made swéet And albeit commonly hilles are dry yet nature is so beneficial to this hil that it is ful of springꝭ and by that menes euery parte of the Cittie is furnished with welles and Tyepittes the commoditie wherof hath wel appéered in sundry times of necessitie but especially in the late Commotion whiche was in the yéer of our Lord. 1549. for though then the enemy by spoiling of the Pipes wherby water was conuayed to the fountains of the Cittie from certaine Springs distant not a Mile from the same did abridge them of that water yet moste comfortably did they inioy the welles and Tyepittes within the walles whiche abundantly fléeted with waters to the satisfying of all the people therin There are also within this Cittie certain Fountains called Conduits vnto which through certain canalis or Pipes of Lead waters are conueyed from Springs rising out of certain places and féelds without this Cittie and these waters are of moste price the same by reason of the cariage béeing purified and made lighter then the waters springing within the Cittie and by that menes more fit for the dressing of meates Of these Fountains one béeing of great antiquitie and of late réedifyed stādeth in the middle of the Cittie at the méeting of foure principall Stréets therof and wherof it taketh his name beeing called the Conduit at Quarterfoies of Carsoxe and this serueth eche parte of the Cittie a like At the higher parte of this Cittie is a very olde and auncient Castle called by the name of Rugemont that is to say the red hil taking that name of the red Earth whervpon it standeth The Cite of it is eminent and aboue bothe the Cittie and countrie adioyning for they doo all lye as vnder the lée ther of It hath a goodly prospect towards the Seas for betwéen that and it is no hil at all it is strongly diched round about and was so builded as is thought by Iulius Caesar ▪ or rather by the Romains after him for they had their recourse to it for their defence and refuge many yéeres The same also was sometimes the Palaice of such Kings as to whome the Kingdome of west Sex or west Saxons was alloted vnto After that it was the habitation of the Earles of Cornwall and last of all to the Dukes of Exon and of Cornwall for to those estates the signiory of this Cittie did appertain the same béeing parcel sometimes of the Earledome but now of the Duchie of Cornewall It. is now in meruelous ruin and decay not easely by force to be gotten were it réedified and inuironed At the lower end and parte of this Cittie without the walles fléeteth a goodly Riuer called in British Iske Ptholomeus by misinformation calleth it Isaca but the olde writers name it Esse Exe Exa or Excestrum which names be yet retained It hath his spring or hed in a certain Moer or desert distant from this Cittie néer about xxiiij miles called Exemore it floweth into the main Seas but by the way is increced with sundry Riuers Brookes and Lakes namely Creedy Collome and others in it is great plenty of Salmon Trout Peal dace Pike and other fresh water Fish whiche are had in the lesse price for that the Seas béeing so néer doo furnish the Cittie and the cuntrey abundantly with sundry kindes of Sea Fish moste delicate The main Sea it self is not distant from the Cittie abooue eight miles out wherof commeth an Arme seruing for the Port of the same which sometimes as appéereth by olde and auncient records did flow vp to the walles of the Cittie where bothe Shippes were wunt to be laden and vnladen of all kinde of Merchandise at a proper place appointed for the same which at this presents kéepeth his olde and ancient name béeing callen the VVatergate The decay therof happened in the yéer of our Lord. 1312. by one Hugh Courtney the third of that name and Earle of Deuon who béeing offended and incenced against this Cittie his wrathful humour could not be satisfied vnlesse he might impair the state of that common welth and therfore séeing and vnderstanding emong other commodities the vse of the Hauen to be one of the chéefest did neuer quiet him self vntil he had destroyed the same Wherfore in the yéer of our Lord. 1313. béeing the fifth yéer of the reign of King Edward the second he enterprised his pretenced deuise and mischéef For where as the Lady Awmerle Countesse of Deuon his Ancestrix had builded certain Weares vpon the Riuer of Exe th' one within the mannor of Exminster béeing in the