to_o portsmouth_n they_o which_o be_v summon_v to_o the_o last_o be_v specify_v under_o the_o denomination_n of_o comites_fw-la barones_n &_o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la militare_fw-la servitium_n ei_fw-la debebant_fw-la this_o be_v to_o have_v they_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o he_o and_o they_o that_o stay_v at_o home_n give_v he_o escuage_z veniente_fw-la autem_fw-la die_fw-la statuto_fw-la multi_fw-la impetratâ_fw-la licentiâ_fw-la daunt_v regi_fw-la de_fw-la quolibet_fw-la scuto_fw-la dvas_fw-la marcas_fw-la argenti_n here_o be_v a_o military_a council_n and_o a_o military_a aid_n give_v they_o that_o be_v with_o he_o at_o dover_n be_v not_o particular_o describe_v by_o matthew_n paris_n but_o he_o tell_v we_o convenerunt_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la &_o pandulphus_fw-la cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la regni_fw-la apud_fw-la domum_fw-la militum_fw-la templi_fw-la juxta_fw-la doveram_fw-la 15._o die_v maii_n par._n ubi_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la juxta_fw-la quod_fw-la romae_fw-la fierat_fw-la sententiatum_fw-la resignavit_fw-la coronam_fw-la svam_fw-la cum_fw-la regnis_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la knyghton_n as_o matt._n paris_n and_o knyghton_n render_v the_o charter_n as_o matt._n westminster_n ad_fw-la optimum_fw-la consilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la 271._o the_o last_o give_v we_o the_o form_n of_o the_o summons_n which_o show_v who_o be_v the_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la here_o the_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la mention_v in_o matt._n paris_n omnes_fw-la suae_fw-la ditionis_fw-la homines_fw-la 271._o viz._n deuce_n comites_fw-la &_o barones_n milites_fw-la &_o servientes_fw-la cum_fw-la equis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la so_o that_o here_o be_v a_o military_a summons_n to_o they_o that_o ought_v to_o come_v because_o of_o service_n which_o be_v explain_v by_o the_o summons_n to_o dover_n which_o be_v to_o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la militare_fw-la servitium_fw-la ei_fw-la debebant_fw-la if_o he_o think_v all_o be_v bind_v to_o that_o service_n and_o summon_v all_o still_o the_o parliament_n judgement_n satisfy_v we_o either_o that_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o oblige_v and_o therefore_o come_v not_o or_o if_o they_o come_v as_o they_o often_o do_v in_o hen._n 3._o time_n upon_o the_o like_a summons_n as_o appear_v by_o many_o record_n of_o that_o age_n that_o the_o king_n tenant_n only_o assent_v to_o the_o resignation_n either_o way_n it_o resolve_v into_o this_o that_o a_o council_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n be_v not_o a_o council_n that_o can_v lay_v any_o obligation_n upon_o or_o pretend_v to_o a_o representation_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n indeed_o i_o meet_v with_o a_o ms._n write_v i_o suppose_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 6._o above_o two_o hundred_o year_n past_a the_o author_n of_o which_o be_v induce_v by_o all_o the_o record_n or_o history_n which_o have_v then_o appear_v to_o he_o to_o believe_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v of_o universal_a obligation_n even_o in_o king_n john_n time_n but_o what_o be_v assent_v to_o as_o universal_o as_o law_n be_v when_o he_o write_v give_v we_o king_n john_n charter_n of_o resignation_n in_o a_o very_a full_a and_o complete_a form_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v per_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la procerum_fw-la arch._n ep._n ab._n prior._n comitat._n defunct_a baronum_fw-la militum_fw-la liberorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la whereby_o if_o his_o authority_n can_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o the_o great_a council_n he_o will_v remove_v the_o objection_n that_o have_v be_v long_o before_o make_v which_o be_v that_o this_o resignation_n make_v in_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n be_v not_o in_o a_o legal_a representative_a of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o seem_v that_o both_o the_o parliament_n and_o this_o author_n be_v then_o satisfy_v that_o the_o king_n be_v feudal_n peer_n or_o tenant_n in_o chief_n can_v not_o make_v a_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o a_o full_a parliament_n in_o king_n john_n time_n beside_o it_o be_v worthy_a of_o consideration_n that_o if_o none_o but_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o this_o time_n than_o all_o the_o abbot_n prior_n and_o other_o dignify_v clergy_n who_o hold_v not_o of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a and_o yet_o be_v very_o numerous_a together_o with_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n be_v entire_o exclude_v from_o and_o never_o admit_v to_o this_o common_a council_n any_o more_o than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o laity_n from_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o forty_o nine_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v enough_o in_o the_o negative_a that_o the_o king_n tenant_n can_v not_o within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o charter_n make_v the_o common_a or_o general_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o make_v the_o common_a or_o ordinary_a council_n for_o matter_n of_o tenure_n or_o ordinary_a justice_n i_o shall_v not_o oppose_v it_o in_o which_o sense_n they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la but_o that_o sense_n can_v be_v here_o intend_v because_o the_o word_n be_v commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o de_fw-fr scutagiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_o no_o more_o than_o a_o common_a council_n for_o the_o assess_n of_o aid_n and_o escuage_z and_o if_o i_o show_v that_o the_o aid_n and_o escuage_z concern_v the_o king_n tenant_n only_o than_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n dwindle_n into_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n for_o matter_n concern_v their_o tenure_n if_o no_o instance_n can_v be_v show_v from_o record_n or_o history_n of_o auxilia_fw-la or_o aid_n raise_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n without_o more_o general_a consent_n except_o such_o as_o be_v raise_v of_o his_o immediate_a tenant_n and_o those_o case_n wherein_o the_o king_n here_o reserve_v to_o himself_o a_o power_n of_o charge_v with_o aid_n or_o escuage_z without_o consent_n of_o a_o common_a council_n concern_v his_o tenant_n only_o and_o more_o than_o those_o tenant_n be_v party_n or_o privy_n to_o this_o charter_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o other_o case_n wherein_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o common_a council_n be_v requisite_a concern_v tenant_n only_o since_o only_o their_o consent_n be_v require_v and_o they_o only_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o this_o clause_n of_o the_o charter_n that_o two_o of_o the_o three_o above_o mention_v viz._n aid_v to_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o to_o marry_v the_o elder_a daughter_n be_v incident_a to_o tenure_n appear_v by_o the_o stat._n west_n 1._o cap._n 36._o which_o ascertain_v the_o aid_n which_o before_o as_o that_o declare_v be_v not_o reasonable_a and_o show_v upon_o who_o it_o lay_v viz._n tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o socage_n tenant_n and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o if_o the_o king_n may_v by_o law_n have_v require_v aid_n in_o those_o two_o case_n he_o may_v have_v do_v it_o in_o the_o three_o for_o the_o redemption_n of_o his_o own_o body_n which_o be_v a_o service_n a_o king_n of_o england_n especial_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o normandy_n which_o often_o occasion_v the_o expose_v their_o sacred_a person_n charter_n so_o little_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o and_o be_v likely_a so_o rare_o to_o happen_v that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o redress_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n any_o grievance_n arise_v from_o thence_o though_o the_o statute_n here_o speak_v of_o be_v only_o in_o the_o affirmative_a what_o tenant_n by_o these_o service_n shall_v pay_v yet_o this_o have_v be_v take_v to_o be_v pregnant_a with_o a_o negative_a as_o to_o all_o other_o not_o mention_v so_o 11_o hen._n 4._o fol._n 32._o nul_fw-fr grand_fw-fr sergeanty_n ne_fw-fr nul_fw-fr auter_n tenure_n mes_fw-fr seulement_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr queux_fw-fr teigne_v in_o chivalry_n &_o en_fw-fr socage_n ne_fw-fr paieront_fw-fr aid_n a_o file_n merry_a pour_n ceo_fw-la stat._n de_fw-fr west_n 1._o cap._n 36._o voet_n que_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr deux_fw-fr tenor_n serroint_v charge_n &_o ne_fw-fr parle_fw-fr de_fw-fr auter_n tenor_n that_o be_v none_o but_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o socage_n be_v liable_a to_o these_o auxilia_fw-la but_o over_o and_o above_o these_o incident_n whether_o with_o consent_n of_o tenant_n or_o advice_n of_o other_o council_n or_o mere_o of_o their_o arbitrary_a motion_n king_n use_v to_o raise_v money_n upon_o their_o tenant_n and_o these_o be_v call_v auxilia_fw-la which_o be_v the_o word_n use_v in_o this_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n the_o leavy_z upon_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v call_v escuage_z because_o of_o their_o servitium_n scuti_fw-la service_n of_o the_o shield_n that_o upon_o tenant_n of_o their_o demesn_n in_o common_a socage_n tallage_n which_o be_v a_o word_n that_o may_v be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n as_o it_o signify_v a_o cut_n
more_o than_o the_o king_n tenant_n the_o earl_n baron_n and_o freeholder_n of_o chester_n give_v by_o themselves_o prince_n edward_n afterward_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o 44th_o of_o h._n 3._o count_n palat._n of_o chester_n and_o he_o have_v his_o common_a council_n there_o wherein_o he_o consult_v for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o palatinate_n apart_o from_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n dor_n barones_n &_o milites_fw-la cestrenses_fw-la &_o quamplures_fw-la alii_fw-la ad_fw-la sum_fw-la domini_fw-la edw._n coram_fw-la ipso_fw-la domino_fw-la edw._n apud_fw-la shorswick_n super_fw-la statum_fw-la terr_v illius_fw-la domini_fw-la edw._n consul_n &_o propon_n quae_fw-la hab_fw-mi proponenda_fw-la nay_o so_o careful_a be_v they_o that_o the_o king_n feudal_n jurisdiction_n shall_v not_o interfere_v with_o the_o earl_n or_o other_o lord_n there_o that_o they_o insist_v upon_o it_o as_o their_o prerogative_n so_o say_v many_o record_n that_o if_o one_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o any_o lord_n within_o the_o palatinate_n also_o the_o heir_n shall_v be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o lord_n there_o not_o to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o by_o consequence_n of_o the_o other_o incident_n and_o attendance_n at_o the_o king_n court_n so_o that_o those_o of_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n can_v be_v no_o part_n of_o this_o common_a council_n which_o therefore_o be_v not_o general_a in_o a_o inquisition_n take_v 22_o edw._n 1._o dicunt_fw-la quod_fw-la a_o tempore_fw-la quo_fw-la non_fw-la extat_fw-la memoria_fw-la scaccario_n tam_fw-la temporibus_fw-la comitum_fw-la cestr_n quam_fw-la temporibus_fw-la regis_fw-la hen._n patris_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la qui_fw-la nunc_fw-la est_fw-la ac_fw-la tempore_fw-la ipsius_fw-la domini_fw-la edw._n regis_fw-la nunc_fw-la secundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la per_fw-la quandam_fw-la praerogativam_fw-la hactenus_fw-la in_o com._n cestr_n optentam_o &_o ufitatam_fw-la domini_fw-la feodorum_fw-la in_o com._n predict_v post_fw-la mortem_fw-la tenentium_fw-la suorum_fw-la custodiam_fw-la terrarum_fw-la &_o tenement_n quae_fw-la de_fw-la eye_n tenentur_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la militare_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la legit_fw-la aetat_fw-la haer_v hususm_n ten_o licet_fw-la iidem_fw-la tenentes_fw-la alius_fw-la terr_v &_o ten_o in_o com._n praed_fw-we vel_fw-la alibi_fw-la de_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la semper_fw-la huc_fw-la usque_fw-la habuerunt_fw-la &_o habere_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n king_n edward_n the_o first_o 6._o send_v arch._n ep._n ab._n pri._n com._n bar_n mil._n &_o omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la de_fw-la com._n cestriae_fw-la and_o desire_v they_o that_o since_o the_o prelati_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la which_o one_o will_v think_v take_v in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n have_v give_v he_o the_o fifteen_o part_n of_o their_o moveable_n they_o will_v do_v the_o like_a and_o we_o find_v a_o record_n of_o their_o give_v a_o part_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n cum_fw-la probi_fw-la homines_fw-la &_o communitas_fw-la comitatus_fw-la cestriae_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la 15_o m._n 6._o omnium_fw-la bonorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la nobis_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la gratiosè_fw-la so_o that_o these_o be_v then_o no_o part_n of_o the_o common_a concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la within_o this_o charter_n and_o no_o man_n can_v show_v that_o they_o be_v divide_v since_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o 2._o there_o be_v other_o who_o be_v oblige_v or_o have_v right_a to_o be_v of_o the_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n though_o not_o upon_o the_o account_v mention_v in_o this_o charter_n which_o if_o it_o appear_v than_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o the_o full_a form_n of_o it_o because_o there_o be_v common_a council_n wherein_o be_v other_o thing_n treat_v of_o and_o other_o person_n present_a for_o this_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a there_o be_v nothing_o but_o aid_n and_o escuage_z mention_v nothing_o of_o advice_n or_o authority_n give_v in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n which_o be_v ever_o enact_v with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o all_o the_o proprietor_n even_o of_o palatinate_n counties_n be_v present_a in_o person_n or_o legal_a representation_n when_o ever_o a_o general_a or_o universal_a law_n be_v make_v that_o bind_v the_o kingdom_n but_o to_o wave_v this_o at_o present_a i_o shall_v give_v one_o instance_n from_o record_n that_o other_o be_v to_o come_v or_o have_v right_a beside_o they_o that_o come_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o tenure_n as_o here_o mention_v the_o pope_n write_v to_o king_n hen._n 3._o 3_o in_o behalf_n of_o some_o of_o his_o great_a man_n who_o have_v complain_v to_o the_o pope_n that_o he_o have_v exclude_v they_o from_o his_o council_n the_o king_n answer_v that_o they_o have_v withdraw_v themselves_o dor_n and_o that_o falcatius_n de_fw-fr brent_n the_o chief_a of_o they_o be_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o magnates_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la all_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n call_v and_o admonish_v to_o receive_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n cum_fw-la aliâs_fw-la teneatur_fw-la ratione_fw-la possessionum_fw-la magnarum_fw-la &_o officii_fw-la maximi_fw-la quod_fw-la habuit_fw-la in_o curiâ_fw-la nostrâ_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o consiliis_fw-la nostris_fw-la venire_fw-la non_fw-la vocatus_fw-la although_o beside_o the_o obligation_n to_o obey_v the_o king_n summons_n he_o be_v bind_v by_o reason_n of_o great_a possession_n and_o a_o very_a considerable_a place_n at_o court_n to_o come_v to_o the_o king_n council_n though_o not_o call_v that_o be_v when_o ever_o it_o be_v know_v that_o a_o council_n be_v to_o meet_v which_o may_v have_v be_v do_v by_o a_o indiction_n of_o a_o assembly_n without_o send_v to_o any_o body_n this_o show_v very_o plain_o that_o there_o be_v other_o to_o come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n beside_o those_o that_o be_v to_o come_v to_o those_o common_a council_n and_o other_o occasion_n for_o meeting_n for_o confine_v it_o to_o the_o person_n and_o cause_n here_o specify_v they_o be_v to_o have_v summons_n the_o majores_fw-la special_a the_o minores_fw-la general_n by_o the_o sheriff_n and_o 40_o day_n notice_n whereas_o the_o king_n say_v and_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o king_n john_n charter_n which_o be_v but_o 10_o year_n before_o that_o falcatius_n be_v to_o come_v without_o summons_n but_o there_o be_v a_o further_a irrefragable_a argument_n in_o the_o negative_a viz._n that_o this_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v not_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o that_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o a_o whole_a parliament_n in_o the_o forty_o of_o edw._n 8._o the_o three_o above_o three_o hundred_o year_n ago_o when_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o they_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n custom_n and_o public_a act_n in_o king_n john_n time_n as_o we_o have_v of_o what_o pass_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o history_n that_o king_n john_n have_v resign_v his_o crown_n in_o such_o a_o council_n as_o this_o here_o 236._o it_o be_v communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la and_o yet_o the_o prelate_n duke_n count_n baron_n and_o commons_o upon_o full_a deliberation_n in_o parliament_n resolve_v that_o the_o resignation_n be_v void_a be_v contrary_a to_o the_o king_n oath_n in_o that_o it_o be_v sanz_n leurassent_v without_o their_o assent_n and_o the_o king_n can_v not_o bring_v the_o realm_n in_o subjection_n sanz_n assent_n de_fw-fr eux_fw-fr if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n though_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o the_o party_n then_o at_o council_n to_o have_v be_v assent_v personal_o to_o king_n john_n resignation_n yet_o they_o have_v assent_v by_o a_o natural_a as_o well_o as_o legal_a representative_a as_o have_v be_v long_o since_o show_v by_o the_o judicious_a mr._n hooker_n to_o be_v command_v we_o do_v consent_n 29._o when_o the_o society_n whereof_o we_o be_v part_n have_v at_o any_o time_n before_o consent_v without_o revoke_v the_o same_o afterward_o by_o the_o like_a universal_a agreement_n wherefore_o as_o any_o man_n deed_n past_o be_v good_a as_o long_o as_o himself_o continue_v so_o the_o act_n of_o a_o public_a society_n of_o man_n do_v five_o hundred_o year_n pass_v sithence_o stand_v as_o they_o who_o present_o be_v of_o the_o same_o society_n because_o corporation_n be_v immortal_a that_o king_n john_n resign_v his_o crown_n without_o a_o parliamentary_a consent_n be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o grant_v after_o this_o solemn_a determination_n the_o only_a question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o curia_n johannis_n or_o such_o a_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o his_o charter_n set_v forth_o the_o king_n have_v summon_v his_o military_a council_n to_o dover_n in_o the_o 14_o of_o his_o reign_n as_o in_o the_o three_o he_o have_v
and_o confirmation_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o free_a custom_n as_o prince_n either_o to_o obtain_v or_o assure_v the_o crown_n to_o they_o swear_v solemn_o inviolable_o to_o observe_v and_o keep_v if_o sometime_o the_o mark_n of_o distinction_n between_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o the_o great_a council_n be_v not_o clear_o apparent_a in_o that_o the_o curia_n only_o may_v be_v summon_v ad_fw-la colloquium_fw-la and_o in_o that_o sense_n may_v be_v style_v parliamentum_fw-la 14._o though_o not_o generale_fw-mi parliamentum_fw-la coronationem_fw-la and_o the_o generale_fw-mi parliamentum_fw-la may_v be_v as_o indeed_o it_o always_o be_v curia_fw-la regis_fw-la though_o not_o the_o curia_fw-la de_fw-fr more_fw-it yet_o the_o certain_a difference_n be_v upon_o particular_a instance_n where_o the_o full_a circumstance_n be_v set_v down_o always_o to_o be_v know_v as_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n tenant_n and_o officer_n and_o there_o appear_v no_o grievance_n worth_a public_a notice_n to_o have_v lie_v on_o the_o last_o nor_o on_o the_o first_o as_o to_o their_o attendance_n at_o the_o war_n or_o as_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n the_o remedy_n be_v proper_o apply_v by_o king_n john_n charter_n to_o that_o wherein_o they_o be_v uneasy_a which_o be_v the_o assemble_v about_o the_o matter_n relate_v ad_fw-la servitia_fw-la to_o their_o service_n without_o convenient_a notice_n for_o time_n or_o for_o the_o occasion_n so_o that_o they_o may_v think_v it_o be_v only_o for_o matter_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n which_o may_v go_v on_o well_o enough_o without_o they_o when_o it_o be_v real_o to_o charge_v they_o in_o their_o property_n by_o such_o as_o shall_v appear_v by_o design_n and_o contrivance_n which_o be_v a_o great_a mischief_n wherefore_o for_o this_o the_o redress_n be_v 1._o that_o they_o shall_v have_v forty_o day_n notice_n johannis_n 2._o that_o the_o time_n place_n and_o occasion_n of_o meeting_n shall_v be_v ascertain_v and_o then_o they_o that_o be_v there_o be_v just_o conclude_v by_o the_o rest_n and_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o charge_n thus_o i_o conceive_v i_o have_v give_v a_o rational_a account_n of_o this_o charter_n and_o i_o question_v whether_o upon_o other_o ground_n any_o man_n can_v reconcile_v it_o with_o the_o record_n and_o history_n both_o before_o and_o since_o the_o charter_n till_o the_o 49_o of_o hen._n 3._o when_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a which_o compose_v the_o common_a council_n here_o mention_v be_v let_v into_o the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o they_o can_v i_o conceive_v they_o must_v take_v my_o sense_n for_o this_o charter_n be_v either_o declarative_n of_o the_o law_n as_o it_o be_v before_o or_o introductive_a of_o a_o new_a law_n if_o the_o first_o than_o it_o must_v be_v interpret_v by_o the_o record_n and_o history_n both_o before_o and_o since_o till_o a_o time_n of_o change_n can_v be_v assign_v with_o some_o colour_n if_o introductive_a of_o a_o new_a law_n than_o we_o must_v see_v what_o interpretation_n practice_n have_v put_v upon_o it_o not_o that_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o law_n be_v always_o to_o be_v interpret_v by_o practice_n because_o than_o we_o shall_v think_v especial_o upon_o the_o several_a statute_n against_o provisor_n which_o be_v rare_o execute_v according_a to_o the_o letter_n that_o we_o can_v not_o judge_v of_o the_o sense_n of_o former_a law_n by_o the_o plain_a word_n but_o if_o the_o word_n will_v any_o way_n admit_v of_o a_o double_a sense_n that_o sense_n be_v always_o to_o be_v take_v which_o agree_v with_o constant_a practice_n especial_o if_o the_o sense_n incline_v most_o towards_o the_o practice_n i_o have_v at_o large_a show_v the_o evident_a proof_n that_o to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n there_o use_v to_o come_v more_o than_o the_o king_n tenant_n in_o chief_a and_o consequent_o this_o very_a charter_n confirm_v free_a custom_n of_o every_o particular_a the_o place_n or_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o place_n according_a to_o this_o charter_n the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n by_o law_n consist_v of_o more_o than_o the_o king_n tenant_n in_o chief_a and_o that_o the_o law_n be_v thus_o there_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a proof_n which_o turn_v upon_o they_o who_o suppose_v that_o king_n john_n charter_n give_v we_o the_o full_a form_n of_o the_o great_a council_n and_o that_o none_o but_o the_o king_n tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la make_v the_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n of_o the_o kingdom_n till_o 49_o h._n 3._o in_o the_o thirty_o nine_o year_n of_o h._n 3._o several_a year_n after_o he_o have_v grant_v and_o confirm_v that_o famous_a charter_n 3._o which_o alone_o obtain_v the_o addition_n of_o great_a so_o that_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o grand_fw-fr charter_n of_o william_n the_o first_o hen._n the_o first_o king_n stephen_n hen._n the_o second_o and_o king_n john_n all_o lose_v their_o name_n and_o be_v swallow_v up_o in_o that_o 884._o the_o baronagium_n or_o omnes_fw-la fere_n angliae_fw-la magnate_v refuse_v to_o give_v a_o royal_a aid_n demand_v of_o they_o the_o ground_n of_o their_o refusal_n be_v very_o remarkable_a quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la tunc_fw-la temporis_fw-la non_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la juxta_fw-la tenorem_fw-la magnae_fw-la cartae_fw-la suae_fw-la vocati_fw-la this_o some_o will_v render_v and_o call_v king_n john_n charter_n and_o that_o the_o complaint_n be_v that_o the_o peer_n have_v not_o their_o particular_a summons_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o that_o charter_n be_v it_o so_o it_o will_v prove_v nothing_o for_o they_o that_o urge_v it_o because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v but_o that_o the_o aid_n demand_v may_v have_v be_v escuage_z or_o taillage_n or_o both_o which_o lie_v upon_o the_o king_n tenant_n only_o such_o a_o common_a council_n as_o that_o charter_n i_o conceive_v establish_v but_o it_o be_v cartae_fw-la suae_fw-la not_o cartae_fw-la regis_fw-la johannis_n patris_fw-la regis_fw-la nunc_fw-la it_o be_v the_o then_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o charter_n no_o man_n will_v say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o baron_n charter_n and_o beside_o it_o be_v the_o great_a charter_n and_o no_o other_o charter_n then_o maintain_v that_o epithet_n but_o what_o put_v this_o out_o of_o dispute_n be_v that_o though_o h._n 3.'s_n charter_n be_v comprehensive_a of_o all_o the_o fundamental_o of_o the_o government_n and_o be_v so_o many_o time_n confirm_v and_o explain_v where_o it_o be_v think_v needful_a yet_o there_o be_v not_o one_o clause_n refer_v to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n but_o what_o leave_v to_o every_o particular_a place_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o all_o ancient_a custom_n and_o liberty_n so_o that_o unless_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o such_o a_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o be_v in_o king_n john_n charter_n use_v to_o compose_v the_o great_a council_n exclusive_a of_o all_o other_o except_v what_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o general_a salvo_n at_o the_o end_n they_o must_v needs_o have_v refer_v themselves_o to_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o charter_n which_o indeed_o be_v but_o a_o revival_n of_o the_o law_n affirm_v in_o king_n john_n whereby_o the_o city_n of_o london_n 9_o all_o city_n burrough_n vills_n township_n or_o parish_n the_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o all_o other_o port_n be_v to_o enjoy_v all_o their_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n that_o by_o villae_fw-la be_v mean_v parish_n or_o township_n i_o think_v may_v appear_v from_o doomsday_n book_n where_o villa_n be_v take_v for_o the_o next_o division_n under_o a_o hundred_o hic_fw-la subscribitur_fw-la inquisitio_fw-la terrarum_fw-la quo_fw-la modo_fw-la barones_n regis_fw-la inquirunt_fw-la viz._n per_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la vicecomitis_fw-la scirae_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la francigenarum_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la centuriae_fw-la presbyteri_fw-la praepositi_fw-la uj._o villani_n uniuscujusque_fw-la villae_fw-la ely_n hundred_o here_o be_v the_o sheriff_n the_o great_a baron_n and_o clergyman_n and_o headborough_n within_o every_o hundred_o and_o six_o inhabitant_n of_o every_o villa_n parish_n or_o township_n then_o follow_v a_o account_n of_o the_o several_a land_n and_o tenor_n by_o hundred_o and_o villae_fw-la within_o those_o hundred_o now_o according_a to_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la custom_n be_v to_o be_v the_o legal_a interpreter_n what_o be_v the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o as_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v make_v up_o of_o city_n burrough_n and_o parish_n or_o township_n they_o be_v the_o integral_a part_n of_o every_o county_n all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v according_a to_o their_o free_a custom_n and_o methinks_v the_o right_a of_o the_o county_n for_o their_o come_n to_o the_o great_a council_n and_o its_o be_v preserve_v under_o the_o
jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fancy_n nova_fw-la or_o several_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n touch_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n immediate_a tenant_n and_o officer_n from_o the_o first_o of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o forty_o nine_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o revive_v and_o and_o clear_v wherein_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n mention_v in_o king_n john_n charter_n and_o of_o the_o law_n ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a concern_v clergy-men_n vote_v in_o capital_a case_n be_v submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o learned_a decipimur_fw-la specie_fw-la recti_fw-la hor._n london_n print_v for_o thomas_n basset_n at_o the_o george_n near_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1680._o jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fancy_n nova_fw-la that_o king_n john_n charter_n exhibit_v the_o full_a form_n of_o our_o english_a great_a and_o most_o general_a council_n in_o those_o day_n if_o i_o may_v faith_fw-mi so_o be_v the_o vulgar_a error_n of_o our_o learned_a man_n and_o it_o be_v that_o which_o have_v give_v the_o only_a prejudice_n to_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o judicious_a mr._n petyt_n who_o i_o must_v faith_fw-mi have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n and_o sure_a rule_n of_o understand_v the_o ancient_a record_n and_o history_n which_o mention_v the_o great_a or_o general_a council_n in_o his_o distinction_n between_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la 131._o and_o commune_v or_o generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la barones_n regis_fw-la and_o barones_n regni_n and_o the_o servitia_fw-la which_o be_v pay_v or_o perform_v by_o reason_n of_o tenure_n and_o those_o common_a prestation_n 37._o which_o bracton_n mention_n sunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la quaedam_fw-la commune_v praestationes_fw-la quae_fw-la servitia_fw-la non_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la veniunt_fw-la nisi_fw-la cum_fw-la necessitas_fw-la intervenerit_fw-la vel_fw-la cum_fw-la rex_fw-la venerit_fw-la sicut_fw-la sunt_fw-la hidagia_fw-la corragia_fw-la carvagia_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la plura_fw-la de_fw-la necessitate_v &_o consensu_fw-la communi_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la introducta_fw-la which_o be_v not_o call_v service_n nor_o come_v from_o custom_n but_o be_v only_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n acre_n or_o when_o the_o king_n meet_v his_o people_n as_o hidage_n courage_n and_o carvage_a and_o many_o other_o thing_n bring_v in_o by_o necessity_n and_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n this_o i_o must_v observe_v upon_o the_o difference_n here_o take_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o maintain_v a_o real_a difference_n to_o insist_v upon_o it_o that_o none_o of_o these_o word_n be_v ever_o use_v to_o signify_v what_o be_v the_o natural_a signification_n of_o the_o other_o for_o example_n barones_n and_o milites_fw-la be_v sufficient_o distinct_a in_o their_o sense_n and_o yet_o when_o but_o one_o of_o the_o word_n be_v use_v either_o of_o they_o may_v and_o often_o do_v take_v in_o the_o other_o but_o when_o barones_n milites_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v set_v together_o the_o barones_n be_v a_o rank_n of_o man_n superior_a to_o the_o ordinary_a milites_fw-la it_o be_v enough_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o difference_n above_o mention_v be_v right_o take_v if_o according_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n and_o circumstance_n we_o can_v clear_o divide_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o now_o let_v we_o see_v the_o word_n of_o the_o charter_n 1215._o and_o observe_v whether_o they_o be_v mean_v of_o all_o general_n or_o common_a council_n for_o make_v of_o law_n and_o voluntary_a gift_n to_o the_o crown_n or_o only_o of_o such_o as_o concern_v the_o king_n immediate_a tenant_n nullum_fw-la scutagium_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ponam_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la corpus_fw-la nostrum_fw-la redimendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitum_fw-la filium_fw-la nostrum_fw-la militem_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la filiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la semel_fw-la maritandam_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la fiet_fw-la nisi_fw-la rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la simili_fw-la modo_fw-la fiat_fw-la de_fw-la civitate_fw-la londinensi_fw-la et_fw-la civitas_n londinensis_fw-la habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la antiquas_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la tam_fw-la per_fw-la terras_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la aquas_fw-la praeterea_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitates_fw-la &_o burgi_n &_o villae_fw-la &_o barones_n the_o quinque_fw-la portubus_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la portus_fw-la habeant_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudives_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o tribus_fw-la casibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la hear_v the_o london_n edition_n of_o matthew_n paris_n 247._o and_o that_o at_o tours_n make_v a_o period_n distinct_a from_o what_o follow_v and_o then_o the_o sense_n be_v that_o except_o in_o those_o three_o case_n wherein_o the_o king_n may_v take_v aid_n or_o escuage_z at_o the_o common_a law_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o common_a council_n for_o all_o other_o aid_n or_o escuage_z a_o common_a council_n shall_v be_v hold_v and_o the_o city_n of_o london_n all_o city_n burrough_n parish_n or_o township_n that_o be_v the_o villani_n their_o inhabitant_n the_o baron_n or_o freeman_n of_o the_o five_o port_n and_o all_o port_n shall_v among_o other_o free_a custom_n enjoy_v their_o right_n of_o be_v of_o or_o constitute_v the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o so_o much_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o these_o or_o any_o beside_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la come_v before_o this_o charter_n and_o be_v at_o the_o make_n of_o it_o their_o right_n be_v preserve_v to_o they_o by_o it_o and_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o hen._n 3._o cap._n 9_o civitas_n lond._n 9_o habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la antiquas_fw-la 20._o &_o consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la preterea_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitates_fw-la burgi_n villae_fw-la &_o barones_n the_o quinque_fw-la portibus_fw-la &_o emne_v alii_fw-la portus_fw-la habeant_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la and_o for_o a_o evidence_n of_o what_o be_v their_o custom_n and_o right_n as_o to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n both_o these_o charter_n be_v make_v to_o and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o clergy_n count_n baron_n and_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n king_n john_n as_o mr._n selden_n tell_v we_o he_o conceive_v be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o barones_n &_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la 587._o as_o other_o particular_n be_v of_o the_o same_o time_n but_o the_o record_n which_o he_o cite_v in_o the_o margin_n put_v it_o out_o of_o all_o doubt_n that_o the_o charter_n be_v make_v by_o they_o all_o haec_fw-la est_fw-la conventio_fw-la inter_fw-la dominum_fw-la johannem_fw-la 21._o regem_fw-la angliae_fw-la ex_fw-la unâ_fw-la parte_fw-la &_o robertum_fw-la filium_fw-la walteri_fw-la marescallum_n dei_fw-la &_o sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la angliae_fw-la dorso_fw-la &_o ric._n com._n de_fw-fr clare_n etc._n etc._n &_o alios_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n &_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la ex_fw-la alterâ_fw-la parte_fw-la and_o in_o another_o record_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v inter_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o barones_n &_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la dominii_fw-la nostri_fw-la so_o that_o the_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v present_a and_o who_o be_v at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o hen._n 3._o which_o have_v be_v so_o many_o time_n confirm_v it_o acquaint_v we_o at_o the_o end_n pro_fw-la hac_fw-la autem_fw-la donatione_fw-la &_o concessione_n libertatum_fw-la 38._o &_o aliarum_fw-la libertatum_fw-la in_o cartâ_fw-la de_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la forestae_fw-la arch._n ep._n ab._n pr._n comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la dederunt_fw-la nobis_fw-la quinto-decimam_a partem_fw-la omnium_fw-la mobilum_fw-la suorum_fw-la the_o charter_n here_o mention_v of_o the_o forest_n have_v be_v grant_v in_o the_o second_o of_o hen._n 3._o as_o be_v the_o great_a charter_n legèm_fw-la the_o party_n to_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o subsidy_n be_v the_o very_a same_o archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la &_o liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la not_o to_o produce_v here_o the_o proof_n of_o such_o general_a assembly_n from_o the_o conquest_n downward_o to_o the_o 49_o h._n 3._o i_o may_v say_v upon_o what_o i_o have_v already_o show_v that_o this_o interpretation_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n etc._n whereby_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v divide_v from_o the_o rest_n and_o make_v a_o common_a council_n for_o escuage_z only_o agree_v better_a with_o the_o record_n and_o history_n than_o the_o notion_n that_o they_o alone_o compose_v the_o whole_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o can_v never_o be_v prove_v but_o i_o will_v take_v the_o word_n together_o even_o as_o they_o who_o be_v
fond_a of_o the_o conjecture_n of_o their_o be_v the_o full_a representative_a body_n of_o the_o nation_n will_v have_v it_o et_fw-la ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o tribus_fw-la casibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la submoneri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la arch._n ep._n ab._n &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la singillatim_fw-la per_fw-la literas_fw-la nostras_fw-la ãâã_d et_fw-la praeterea_fw-la faciemus_fw-la submoneri_fw-la in_o generali_fw-la per_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la &_o ballivos_fw-la nostros_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la tenent_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la diem_fw-la scilicet_fw-la ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la quadragint_fw-la dierum_fw-la ad_fw-la minus_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la certum_fw-la locum_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la litteris_fw-la submonitionis_fw-la causam_fw-la submonitionis_fw-la illius_fw-la exponemus_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la factâ_fw-la submonitione_fw-la negotium_fw-la procedat_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la assignatum_fw-la secundum_fw-la consilium_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la praesentes_fw-la fuerint_fw-la quamvis_fw-la non_fw-la omnes_fw-la submoniti_fw-la venerint_fw-la here_o be_v i_o grant_v the_o form_n of_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o purpose_n here_o name_v which_o be_v for_o aid_n and_o escuage_z socage_n the_o aid_n i_o say_v and_o shall_v show_v be_v from_o those_o tenant_n which_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o common_a socage_n such_o as_o hold_v geldable_a or_o talliable_a land_n the_o escuage_z concern_v the_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n service_n but_o both_o concern_v only_o the_o king_n tenant_n in_o chief_a which_o appear_v in_o the_o very_o confine_v the_o summons_n to_o the_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la and_o other_o which_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la whereas_o 1_o there_o be_v majores_fw-la barones_n who_o hold_v not_o by_o any_o feudal_n tenure_n that_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o attend_v at_o the_o king_n ordinary_a court_n and_o they_o with_o they_o that_o be_v under_o their_o jurisdiction_n have_v their_o common_a council_n apart_o though_o all_o may_v meet_v at_o general_a council_n so_o that_o what_o be_v a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v not_o so_o indefinite_o to_o all_o 2._o there_o be_v other_o who_o be_v oblige_v or_o have_v right_a to_o be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n though_o not_o upon_o the_o account_v mention_v in_o this_o charter_n 1._o the_o norman_a prince_n to_o the_o encouragement_n of_o those_o great_a man_n that_o adventure_v for_o his_o glory_n make_v some_o of_o they_o as_o little_a king_n and_o give_v they_o the_o regal_a government_n of_o several_a county_n in_o which_o they_o with_o the_o great_a man_n thereof_o and_o the_o liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la freeholder_n make_v law_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o inheritance_n and_o the_o maintain_v the_o peace_n chester_n and_o that_o of_o chester_n in_o particular_a be_v give_v to_o hugh_n lupus_fw-la tenendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haered_n ita_fw-la verè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la 247._o sicut_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliam_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la so_o that_o he_o want_v nothing_o but_o a_o crown_n to_o make_v he_o king_n in_o a_o charter_n of_o count_n hugh_n cheshire_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n werburg_n he_o say_v ego_fw-la comes_fw-la hugo_n &_o mei_fw-la barones_n confirmavimus_fw-la and_o one_o of_o his_o successor_n grant_v to_o his_o baron_n quod_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la eorum_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la habeat_fw-la liberam_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la placitis_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la meum_fw-la pertinentibus_fw-la and_o at_o the_o coronation_n of_o h._n 3._o lond._n which_o be_v after_o this_o charter_n earl_n john_n another_o of_o william_n successor_n carry_v st._n edward_n sword_n before_o the_o king_n as_o matthew_n paris_z tell_v we_o for_o a_o sign_n that_o he_o have_v of_o right_a a_o very_a extraordinary_a power_n comite_fw-la cestriae_fw-la gladium_fw-la sancti_fw-la edwardi_fw-la qui_fw-la curtain_n dicitur_fw-la ante_fw-la regem_fw-la bajulante_fw-la in_fw-la signum_fw-la quod_fw-la comes_fw-la est_fw-la palatinus_n &_o regem_fw-la si_fw-la oberret_fw-la habeat_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la potestatem_fw-la cohibendi_fw-la etc._n etc._n though_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a count_n palatine_n yet_o other_o have_v their_o separate_a council_n where_o they_o make_v law_n william_n fitz-osborn_n be_v make_v earl_n of_o hereford_n under_o william_n the_o first_o of_o who_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n say_v manet_n in_o hunc_fw-la diem_fw-la in_o comitatu_fw-la ejus_fw-la apud_fw-la herefordum_fw-la legunm_fw-la quas_fw-la statuit_fw-la inconcussa_fw-la firmitas_fw-la 233._o ut_fw-la nullâs_fw-la miles_n pro_fw-la qualicunque_fw-la commisso_fw-la plus_fw-la septem_fw-la solidis_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o aliis_fw-la provinciis_fw-la ob_fw-la parvam_fw-la occasi_fw-la inculam_fw-la in_o transgressione_n praecepti_fw-la herilis_fw-la viginti_fw-la vel_fw-la viginti_fw-la quinque_fw-la pendantur_fw-la of_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v example_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o old_a earl_n of_o cornwall_n ib._n and_o the_o like_a to_o return_v to_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n cheshire_n its_o count_n be_v not_o tent._n in_o capite_fw-la with_o the_o restriction_n above_o take_v viz._n subject_a to_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o oblige_v to_o attend_v once_o at_o the_o court_n as_o other_o tenant_n and_o yet_o at_o the_o general_a council_n he_o be_v present_a therefore_o this_o council_n mention_v in_o king_n john_n charter_n where_o none_o but_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la oblige_v to_o the_o ordinary_a incident_n of_o such_o tenure_n be_v be_v no_o general_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o our_o modern_a author_n will_v have_v though_o it_o be_v for_o the_o matter_n of_o ordinary_a tenure_n all_o that_o be_v concern_v be_v at_o it_o p._n in_o the_o year_n 1232._o king_n hen._n 3._o hold_v his_o curia_n or_o court_n at_o winchester_n at_o christmas_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o court_n day_n or_o rather_o time_n of_o meeting_n for_o it_o often_o hold_v several_a day_n johannis_n and_o therefore_o when_o that_o at_o tewksbury_n in_o king_n john_n reign_n hold_v but_o a_o day_n it_o be_v special_o take_v notice_n of_o 359._o soon_o after_o king_n henry_n christmas_n court_v dor_n he_o summon_v all_o the_o magnate_v of_o england_n ad_fw-la colloquium_fw-la when_o they_o meet_v because_o he_o be_v great_o in_o debt_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o war_n he_o demand_v auxilium_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la generaliter_fw-la quo_fw-la audito_fw-la comes_fw-la cestriae_fw-la ranulphus_fw-la pro_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la regni_fw-la loquens_fw-la respondit_fw-la 3._o quod_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n ac_fw-la milites_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la eo_fw-la tenebant_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la erant_fw-la corporaliter_fw-la praesentes_fw-la council_n &_o pecuniam_fw-la svam_fw-la ita_fw-la inaniter_fw-la effuderunt_fw-la quod_fw-la inde_fw-la pauperes_fw-la omnes_fw-la recesserunt_fw-la unde_fw-la regi_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la auxilium_fw-la non_fw-la debebant_fw-la et_fw-la sic_fw-la petitâ_fw-la licentiâ_fw-la omnes_fw-la recesserunt_fw-la here_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o chester_n this_o be_v a_o summons_n to_o a_o general_n assembly_n but_o when_o the_o king_n ask_v money_n for_o his_o expense_n in_o the_o war_n he_o tell_v he_o in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o laity_n that_o those_o which_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o capite_fw-la which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v he_o be_v none_o of_o they_o serve_v he_o in_o their_o person_n and_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n therefore_o they_o beg_v leave_n to_o be_v go_v march_n if_o the_o king_n have_v no_o other_o business_n with_o they_o for_o no_o aid_n be_v due_a so_o that_o it_o seem_v they_o look_v upon_o auxilium_fw-la to_o be_v something_o in_o lieu_n of_o the_o service_n which_o the_o king_n tenant_n be_v to_o perform_v that_o this_o concern_v the_o king_n tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o k_o it_o be_v service_n and_o no_o other_o except_o the_o inferior_a talliable_a tenant_n &_o they_o that_o be_v then_o assemble_v be_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o umpire_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o tenant_n and_o to_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o have_v no_o pretence_n for_o aid_n from_o they_o for_o they_o have_v perform_v their_o service_n due_a if_o only_a tenant_n in_o chief_a by_o knight_n service_n be_v here_o intend_v by_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la they_o only_o most_o common_o attend_v the_o king_n in_o person_n though_o sometime_o all_o tenant_n whatever_o be_v require_v to_o attend_v and_o so_o in_o king_n john_n charter_n the_o summons_n be_v take_v to_o be_v only_o of_o such_o tenant_n in_o chief_a than_o the_o aid_n there_o be_v mean_v only_o of_o such_o as_o come_v from_o they_o but_o that_o take_v not_o in_o all_o that_o be_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n it_o add_v simili_fw-la modo_fw-la fiat_fw-la de_fw-la civit._fw-la lond._n which_o pay_v a_o socage_n aid_v as_o i_o shall_v show_v but_o for_o chester_n even_o at_o those_o time_n when_o aid_n be_v grant_v by_o
their_o consent_n be_v require_v thing_n be_v carry_v by_o the_o majority_n of_o voice_n among_o they_o that_o be_v present_a upon_o his_o summons_n which_o sometime_o be_v very_o few_o as_o when_o he_o hold_v his_o court_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o fifteen_o of_o his_o reign_n on_o christmas_n the_o chief_a time_n tig._n it_o be_v cum_fw-la pauco_fw-la admodum_fw-la militum_fw-la comitatu_fw-la there_o arise_v a_o very_a great_a inconvenience_n and_o a_o few_o tenant_n call_v together_o at_o a_o time_n when_o the_o rest_n can_v not_o attend_v as_o in_o harvest_n or_o the_o like_a may_v ruin_v the_o rest_n therefore_o this_o separate_a court_n of_o tenant_n be_v whole_o take_v away_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o he_o promise_n that_o no_o tallage_n or_o aid_n without_o any_o reservation_n shall_v be_v levy_v for_o the_o future_a without_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o full_a settle_a parliament_n not_o that_o it_o be_v incumbent_a upon_o all_o that_o come_v to_o parliament_n to_o pay_v either_o tallage_n or_o escuage_z but_o as_o they_o be_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n they_o shall_v advise_v he_o when_o or_o in_o what_o proportion_n to_o talliate_v his_o demeasn_n or_o lay_v escuage_z upon_o his_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o when_o the_o king_n tenant_n pay_v escuage_z by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n the_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n of_o inferior_a lord_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o their_o lord_n 532._o lit._n sect._n 100_o the_o statute_n be_v thus_o nullum_fw-la tallagium_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilium_fw-la per_fw-la nos_fw-la vel_fw-la haeredes_fw-la nostros_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la ponatur_fw-la seu_fw-la levetur_fw-la sine_fw-la voluntate_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la archippus_n ep._n comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la militum_fw-la burgensium_fw-la &_o aliorum_fw-la liberoum_n hominum_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la pursuant_n to_o this_o the_o very_a same_o year_n be_v a_o record_n of_o a_o summons_n for_o a_o parliament_n to_o consider_v of_o a_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n knight_n for_o which_o before_o he_o need_v not_o have_v consult_v his_o parliament_n nor_o the_o council_n of_o the_o tenant_n de_fw-la jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la in_o hujusmodi_fw-la casu_fw-la auxilium_fw-la fieri_fw-la nobis_fw-la debet_fw-la dorso_fw-la say_v the_o record_n and_o yet_o he_o have_v tie_v up_o his_o hand_n from_o raise_v it_o without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n however_o king_n john_n have_v in_o some_o measure_n redress_v their_o grievance_n give_v they_o assurance_n that_o there_o shall_v always_o be_v the_o general_a consent_n of_o tenant_n for_o what_o be_v not_o payable_a of_o right_n and_o custom_n without_o any_o consent_n of_o they_o charter_n and_o for_o the_o assess_v those_o sum_n to_o which_o consent_n be_v make_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v a_o convenient_a notice_n that_o none_o may_v complain_v of_o the_o injustice_n of_o the_o charge_n but_o all_o these_o thing_n so_o manifest_o relate_v to_o tenure_n both_o the_o case_n except_v and_o the_o case_n provide_v for_o that_o no_o other_o sense_n can_v be_v tolerable_a for_o where_o the_o king_n reserve_v three_o incident_n to_o tenure_n and_o the_o particular_n within_o the_o provision_n be_v appendant_a to_o tenure_n and_o none_o but_o tenant_n be_v mention_v shall_v we_o believe_v that_o something_o foreign_a be_v intend_v by_o the_o very_a same_o word_n though_o we_o may_v well_o believe_v that_o all_o aid_n whatever_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o edw._n 1._o because_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o people_n tenant_n and_o other_o be_v require_v thus_o far_o i_o think_v i_o be_o warrant_v by_o very_o good_a authority_n i_o take_v leave_n to_o observe_v far_o that_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o before_o this_o charter_n the_o king_n may_v have_v charge_v his_o geldable_a or_o talliable_a land_n that_o be_v those_o land_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o his_o demeasn_a in_o socage_n at_o his_o own_o discretion_n but_o can_v not_o charge_v they_o that_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n without_o their_o consent_n and_o so_o this_o part_n take_v it_o bare_o to_o the_o consent_n be_v for_o the_o advantage_n and_o relief_n of_o the_o socage_n tenant_n only_o the_o charter_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o which_o exempt_v the_o king_n tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la geldis_fw-la that_o be_v tribute_n or_o force_a payment_n beyond_o ordinary_a service_n leave_v the_o king_n a_o power_n of_o charge_v his_o other_o tenant_n by_o mean_a service_n though_o not_o those_o which_o hold_v by_o serjeanty_n pro_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la militibus_fw-la qui_fw-la per_fw-la loricas_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la deserviunt_fw-la terras_fw-la dominicarum_fw-la carucarum_fw-la suarum_fw-la quietas_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la geldis_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la opere_fw-la proprio_fw-la dono_fw-la meo_fw-la concedo_fw-la 1._o ut_fw-la sicut_fw-la tam_fw-la magno_fw-la gravamine_fw-la alleviati_fw-la sunt_fw-la ita_fw-la equis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la se_fw-la bene_fw-la instruant_fw-la ut_fw-la apti_fw-la sint_fw-la &_o parati_fw-la ad_fw-la servitium_fw-la suum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la but_o then_o as_o the_o consent_n be_v qualify_v upon_o such_o notice_n and_o summons_n to_o a_o certain_a place_n herein_o the_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v ease_v in_o relation_n to_o part_v of_o their_o service_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v the_o king_n court_n either_o in_o his_o war_n his_o administration_n of_o justice_n or_o for_o the_o assess_n of_o escuage_z upon_o those_o that_o make_v default_n in_o their_o personal_a service_n for_o the_o first_o there_o can_v not_o be_v any_o time_n of_o summons_n or_o place_n of_o attendance_n ascertain_v because_o occasion_n and_o necessity_n be_v to_o determine_v that_o for_o the_o second_o they_o can_v not_o claim_v it_o as_o a_o privilege_n the_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v within_o the_o king_n be_v ordinary_a power_n and_o his_o minister_n and_o justice_n be_v sufficient_a assistant_n but_o in_o the_o last_o there_o be_v a_o grievance_n in_o which_o it_o be_v proper_a for_o the_o king_n be_v extraordinary_a justice_n to_o relieve_v they_o et_fw-la ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la for_o the_o assess_n of_o escuage_z which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o work_n of_o the_o curia_n they_o shall_v be_v summon_v as_o be_v thereby_o provide_v even_o before_o the_o norman_n come_v the_o king_n use_v to_o celebrate_v feast-day_n with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o at_o those_o day_n they_o choose_v habere_fw-la colloquium_fw-la 124._o to_o consult_v with_o their_o people_n so_o king_n eldred_n summon_v all_o the_o magnate_v of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o meet_v he_o at_o london_n on_o our_o lady-day_n 336._o in_o festo_fw-la nativitatis_fw-la b._n mariae_fw-la universi_fw-la magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la per_fw-la regium_fw-la edictum_fw-la summoniti_fw-la etc._n etc._n londoniis_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la ad_fw-la tractandum_fw-la de_fw-la negotiis_fw-la publicis_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la so_o king_n edgar_n have_v a_o great_a assembly_n and_o call_v it_o curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la at_o christmas_n cum_fw-la in_o natali_fw-la dominico_n omnes_fw-la majores_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la tam_fw-la ecclesiasticae_fw-la personae_fw-la quam_fw-la seculares_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la meam_fw-la celebrandae_fw-la mecum_fw-la festivitatis_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la convenissent_fw-la coram_fw-la totâ_fw-la curiâ_fw-la meâ_fw-la corroboravi_fw-la that_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la than_o consist_v not_o of_o the_o king_n tenant_n only_o i_o can_v show_v more_o particular_o by_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o of_o what_o prevalence_n it_o be_v here_o before_o the_o norman_n time_n but_o i_o think_v there_o be_v enough_o to_o this_o purpose_n here_o from_o one_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n which_o show_v what_o in_o ancient_a time_n make_v a_o churl_n or_o peasant_n become_v a_o theyn_z or_o noble_a and_o that_o so_o ancient_o that_o in_o a_o saxon_a ms._n suppose_a to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o as_o antiquate_v that_o be_v five_o hide_n of_o his_o own_o land_n a_o church_n and_o a_o kitchen_n a_o bellhouse_n and_o a_o burrough-gate_n with_o a_o seat_n and_o any_o distinct_a office_n in_o the_o king_n court_n this_o churl_n be_v in_o a_o ancient_a ms._n cite_v by_o mr._n selden_n call_v villanus_fw-la so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v not_o freeborn_a if_o he_o can_v make_v such_o a_o acquisition_n he_o become_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la a_o thane_n a_o freeman_n archaionomia_fw-la as_o they_o be_v often_o use_v the_o one_o for_o the_o other_o which_o i_o think_v be_v easy_o to_o be_v collect_v from_o several_a place_n in_o doomsday_n book_n and_o as_o at_o that_o time_n such_o circumstance_n with_o a_o place_n in_o the_o king_n court_n make_v a_o thane_n or_o freeman_n so_o a_o thane_n or_o freeman_n have_v a_o place_n in_o the_o great_a court_n as_o we_o see_v edgar_n curia_fw-la have_v all_o the_o majores_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la without_o any_o qualification_n
county_n that_o be_v they_o which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o county_n court_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o word_n milites_fw-la in_o another_o record_n the_o milites_fw-la et_fw-la probi_fw-la homines_fw-la 3._o that_o be_v honest_a freeholder_n be_v use_v as_o the_o same_o in_o pleno_fw-la com._n tuo_fw-la dicas_fw-la militibus_fw-la probis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la ballivae_fw-la tuus_fw-la etc._n etc._n 147._o the_o milites_fw-la or_o probi_fw-la homines_fw-la be_v under_o the_o sheriff_n an_z officer_z of_o their_o own_o choice_n as_o be_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o king_n time_n to_o be_v sure_a and_o long_o after_o the_o office_n of_o the_o heretochius_fw-la who_o have_v be_v the_o ductor_n militiae_fw-la have_v be_v discontinue_v no_o body_n know_v how_o long_o and_o it_o be_v speak_v of_o only_a as_o a_o office_n that_o have_v be_v but_o the_o sheriff_n be_v of_o the_o freeholders_n choice_n not_o the_o king_n have_v no_o certain_a salary_n 74._o nor_o fee_n upon_o any_o account_n take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n but_o depend_v upon_o what_o the_o king_n shall_v give_v out_o of_o the_o two_o three_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o county_n the_o tertium_fw-la denarium_fw-la the_o three_o part_n the_o earl_n oâ_n count_n have_v who_o will_v imagine_v that_o the_o sheriff_n as_o sheriff_n have_v any_o feud_n raise_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o king_n that_o be_v be_v to_o attend_v at_o his_o court_n or_o in_o his_o war_n with_o their_o feudall_a knight_n the_o posse_fw-la commitatus_fw-la which_o be_v assist_v to_o they_o be_v of_o quite_o another_o nature_n indeed_o i_o find_v one_o fulcherus_n ãâ¦ã_z homo_fw-la vicecomitis_fw-la that_o be_v tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n to_o which_o homage_n be_v incident_a and_o in_o that_o sense_n miles_n vicecomitis_fw-la in_o another_o part_n tenet_n rogerus_fw-la de_fw-fr picoto_n vicecomite_n de_fw-fr foedo_fw-la regis_fw-la hanc_fw-la terram_fw-la tenuit_fw-la gold_n sub_fw-la abbate_n eli_n potuit_fw-la dare_v absque_fw-la ejus_fw-la licentiâ_fw-la sine_fw-la sacâ_fw-la this_o have_v be_v freehold_n within_o the_o abbot_n precinct_n alienable_a without_o licence_n subject_n to_o no_o suit_n of_o court_n and_o be_v grant_v to_o picot_n then_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n to_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n feud_n that_o be_v by_o knight_n service_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o hold_v this_o as_o vicecome_fw-la but_o as_o baro_n so_o it_o be_v if_o any_o man_n have_v the_o county_n in_o fee_n but_o the_o king_n summon_v the_o barones_n &_o vicecomite_n that_o be_v the_o vicecomite_n without_o consideration_n of_o their_o capacity_n as_o baron_n and_o their_o knight_n it_o be_v long_o after_o this_o that_o the_o word_n vicecome_fw-la be_v any_o thing_n more_o than_o tbe_n name_n of_o the_o office_n here_o speak_v of_o 256._o a_o honorary_a viscount_n be_v not_o then_o know_v such_o indeed_o may_v at_o their_o creation_n have_v have_v feud_n raise_v upon_o the_o land_n grant_v along_o with_o their_o honour_n there_o be_v this_o far_a proof_n that_o this_o be_v more_o than_o a_o council_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n and_o officer_n or_o ordinary_a court_n in_o that_o the_o summons_n be_v immediate_o after_o the_o curia_n and_o that_o to_o a_o place_n sufficient_o capacious_a salisbury_n plain_a et_fw-la in_o hebdomada_fw-la pentecostes_fw-la suum_fw-la filium_fw-la henricum_fw-la apud_fw-la west_n ubi_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la tenuit_fw-la armis_fw-la militaribus_fw-la honoravit_fw-la here_o be_v the_o proper_a work_n of_o the_o curia_n 213._o the_o king_n give_v arm_n in_o his_o court_n to_o the_o great_a man_n and_o immediate_a tenant_n the_o common_a freeholder_n receive_v they_o in_o the_o county_n court_n either_o at_o come_v to_o age_n or_o upon_o become_v free_a by_o manumission_n which_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o a_o man_n will_v desire_v unless_o he_o have_v a_o freehold_n to_o live_v upon_o or_o that_o thereby_o those_o land_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o villeinage_n become_v free_a but_o though_o one_o be_v bear_v free_a yet_o i_o take_v it_o he_o be_v to_o receive_v a_o formal_a military_a honour_n have_v arm_n deliver_v to_o he_o when_o he_o come_v to_o age_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o 373._o it_o be_v use_v as_o a_o sign_n that_o one_o be_v not_o of_o age_n when_o he_o seal_v a_o deed_n and_o consequent_o it_o be_v not_o effectual_a because_o militari_fw-la baltheo_fw-la nondum_fw-la cinctus_fw-la erat_fw-la 2._o we_o find_v that_o when_o a_o freeman_n die_v his_o heir_n under_o age_n some_o body_n be_v to_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o arms._n siquis_fw-la arma_fw-la haec_fw-la habens_fw-la obierit_fw-la remaneat_fw-la haeredi_fw-la svo_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la haeres_fw-la de_fw-fr tali_fw-la statu_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la quod_fw-la armis_fw-la uti_fw-la possit_fw-la si_fw-la opus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la ille_fw-la qui_fw-la eum_fw-la habuerit_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la habeat_fw-la similiter_fw-la custodiam_fw-la armorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o when_o he_o come_v of_o age_n tunc_fw-la ea_fw-la habeat_fw-la this_o be_v in_o hen._n 2._o time_n and_o then_o the_o public_a delivery_n of_o arm_n to_o all_o freeman_n may_v have_v be_v disuse_v 306._o but_o ancient_o as_o mr._n selden_n observe_v the_o take_a arm_n by_o young_a man_n from_o public_a authority_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o knighthood_n but_o soon_o after_o will._n the_o first_o have_v at_o his_o court_n knight_v his_o son_n henry_n he_o call_v this_o great_a assembly_n of_o barones_n &_o vicecomites_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la militibus_fw-la dunelm_n his_o curia_n be_v hold_v at_o whitsuntide_n nec_fw-la multo_fw-la post_fw-la mandavit_fw-la ut_fw-la arch._n ep_n abb._n com._n bar._n vicecomites_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la militibus_fw-la die_v kal._n aug._n sibi_fw-la occurrerent_fw-la saresberiae_fw-la quocum_fw-la venissent_fw-la milites_fw-la illorum_fw-la sibi_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la contra_fw-la omnes_fw-la homines_fw-la jur_fw-la be_v coegit_fw-la here_o i_o take_v it_o milites_fw-la illorum_fw-la refer_v to_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o sheriff_n 146._o that_o be_v the_o freeholder_n this_o be_v adunatio_fw-la conciliorum_fw-la a_o join_v together_o of_o the_o several_a council_n of_o the_o county_n regni_fw-la where_o the_o swear_a allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n be_v one_o of_o their_o principal_a work_n the_o king_n tenant_n have_v do_v it_o of_o course_n in_o the_o curia_fw-la but_o methinks_v it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v use_v for_o a_o argument_n that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n because_o they_o be_v evocatiâ_n ad_fw-la fidei_fw-la vinculum_fw-la for_o satisfaction_n i_o will_v offer_v a_o record_n of_o the_o same_o work_n do_v in_o parliament_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 3_o term_n celebrato_fw-la nuper_fw-la concilio_n apud_fw-la bristol_n ubi_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la universi_fw-la ang._n praelati_fw-la tam_fw-la ep._n ab._n quam_fw-la primores_fw-la et_fw-la multi_fw-la tam_fw-la comites_fw-la quam_fw-la barones_n qui_fw-la etiam_fw-la univerfaliten_v fidelitatem_fw-la nobis_fw-la publicè_fw-la facientes_fw-la concessis_fw-la eye_n libertatibus_fw-la &_o liberis_fw-la consuetudinibus_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n prius_fw-la postulatis_fw-la &_o ipsis_fw-la approbatis_fw-la dorso_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o the_o king_n yield_v they_o those_o liberty_n and_o free-custom_n which_o they_o desire_v and_o they_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o here_o be_v the_o fidei_fw-la vinculum_fw-la but_o perhaps_o they_o will_v say_v that_o this_o of_o w._n the_o first_o be_v no_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n because_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o any_o law_n pass_v or_o that_o they_o be_v summon_v to_o that_o end_n for_o the_o first_o i_o think_v no_o man_n will_v say_v that_o the_o assembly_n be_v less_o parliamentary_a because_o nothing_o be_v agree_v upon_o in_o it_o indeed_o we_o find_v that_o where_o a_o parliament_n be_v dissolve_v without_o any_o act_n pass_v rep._n it_o be_v say_v by_o judge_n cook_n not_o to_o be_v a_o parliament_n but_o the_o inception_n of_o a_o parliament_n that_o be_v no_o session_n but_o whoever_o will_v consult_v the_o summons_n to_o parliament_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 1._o &_o 2._o may_v satisfy_v himself_o that_o there_o be_v many_o parliament_n call_v dor_n at_o which_o there_o be_v no_o law_n pass_v dor_n but_o mere_o advice_n give_v and_o yet_o at_o the_o end_n thereof_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n have_v their_o writ_n of_o expense_n wherein_o the_o king_n declare_v that_o they_o have_v be_v call_v to_o parliament_n nobiscum_fw-la de_fw-la diversis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o populum_fw-la regni_fw-la specialiter_fw-la tangentibus_fw-la tractatur_fw-la for_o the_o last_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n whether_o the_o cause_n of_o summons_n be_v express_v it_o be_v enough_o if_o it_o be_v de_fw-fr quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la or_o however_o else_o be_v the_o use_n of_o that_o time_n beside_o it_o be_v certain_a many_o law_n have_v pass_v in_o public_a council_n ancient_o of_o which_o we_o have_v no_o intimation_n from_o those_o historian_n which_o mention_v such_o council_n wherever_o i_o find_v
any_o public_a act_n of_o recognise_v a_o king_n title_n of_o justice_n or_o of_o election_n of_o person_n to_o any_o office_n i_o shall_v not_o scruple_n to_o call_v such_o a_o assembly_n a_o council_n and_o if_o it_o it_o be_v general_n a_o great_a or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o lanfranc_n i_o conceive_v be_v in_o this_o king_n reign_n choose_v to_o be_v metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n in_o such_o a_o council_n it_o be_v indeed_o in_o curiâ_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o gervacius_n and_o the_o author_n of_o antiquitates_fw-la britannicae_n show_v but_o not_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n for_o it_o be_v on_o our_o lady-day_n cant._n which_o be_v not_o the_o time_n of_o such_o curia_n antiq._n and_o the_o clerus_fw-la and_o populus_fw-la angliae_fw-la more_o than_o the_o king_n tenant_n and_o officer_n there_o confirm_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o seniores_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la 194._o that_o be_v of_o canterbury_z in_o the_o four_o of_o this_o king_n the_o controversy_n between_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o worcester_n be_v determine_v at_o petreda_n before_o the_o king_n archbishop_n lanfranc_n the_o bishop_n abbot_n earl_n et_fw-la primatibus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la this_o mr._n selden_n right_o call_v a_o parliament_n 453._o which_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o large_a and_o comprehensive_a signification_n of_o primate_fw-la that_o general_n summon_v the_o same_o year_n to_o have_v a_o account_n of_o the_o law_n 138._o look_v as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o a_o parliament_n to_o which_o a_o representation_n of_o twelve_o for_o every_o country_n be_v agree_v on_o but_o appear_v not_o to_o have_v be_v special_o direct_v be_v that_o as_o it_o will_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o a_o full_a representative_a or_o meet_v in_o a_o entire_a body_n because_o it_o be_v not_o to_o lay_v any_o new_a obligation_n upon_o they_o but_o be_v a_o enquest_n of_o the_o several_a county_n to_o present_v their_o old_a law_n 171._o but_o when_o he_o seem_v incline_v to_o make_v the_o custom_n of_o some_o few_o county_n the_o rule_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n ad_fw-la preces_fw-la communitatis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la he_o leave_v to_o every_o county_n its_o old_a custom_n in_o the_o seventeen_o of_o this_o king_n 1._o convocavit_fw-la rex_fw-la multitudinem_fw-la nobilium_fw-la angliae_fw-la 1653._o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n say_v gervace_n of_o dover_n 255._o this_o be_v about_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n concern_v the_o bring_v regular_a monk_n into_o monastery_n and_o a_o old_a monk_n tell_v of_o the_o charter_n or_o law_n then_o agree_v on_o haec_fw-la charta_fw-la confirmata_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n in_o concilio_fw-la meo_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la xviii_o praesentibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la meis_fw-la anongm_n where_o barones_n mei_fw-la mus_fw-la either_o be_v mean_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o whole_a nobility_n of_o england_n 44._o which_o be_v all_o the_o king_n man_n though_o not_o his_o feudal_n especial_o immediate_a tenant_n before_o who_o the_o test_n of_o charter_n use_v to_o be_v as_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n the_o earl_n only_o subscribe_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o rest_n or_o it_o may_v be_v only_o his_o tenant_n in_o chief_a subscribe_v as_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o eighteen_o the_o king_n impeache_n his_o brother_n odo_n for_o his_o extortion_n 1._o this_o be_v at_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n 647._o in_o insulâ_fw-la vectâ_fw-la ei_fw-la obviavit_fw-la ibi_fw-la in_o mirum_fw-la congregatis_fw-la in_o aulâ_fw-la regali_fw-la primoribus_fw-la regni_fw-la this_o be_v matter_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n and_o though_o primores_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v name_v yet_o it_o may_v have_v be_v only_o such_o of_o they_o as_o attend_v on_o his_o war_n or_o in_o his_o court_n and_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o be_v abroad_o all_o the_o primores_fw-la angliae_fw-la be_v summon_v to_o this_o in_o the_o nineteen_o of_o his_o reign_n 1._o i_o take_v it_o that_o he_o hold_v bare_o his_o curia_n at_o gloucester_n for_o it_o be_v a_o military_a council_n except_o that_o his_o judge_n great_a officer_n and_o constant_a attendant_n be_v part_n of_o it_o partem_fw-la exercitus_fw-la svi_fw-la remisit_fw-la 213._o partem_fw-la secum_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la hyemem_fw-la retinuit_fw-la et_fw-la in_o nativitate_fw-la domini_fw-la glavorniae_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la tenuit_fw-la &_o at_o this_o court_n i_o find_v only_o some_o ecclesiastical_a preferment_n dispose_v of_o to_o three_o of_o his_o chaplain_n which_o require_v no_o solemn_a consult_v but_o his_o law_n pass_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la parl._n semel_fw-la atque_fw-la iterum_fw-la ait_fw-la se_fw-la concessisse_fw-la etc._n etc._n per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o his_o leges_fw-la episcopales_fw-la ecclesiastical_a law_n be_v establish_v 168._o de_fw-fr communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la arch._n episc_n abb._n et_fw-la omnium_fw-la procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la for_o william_n the_o second_o whereas_o a_o great_a antiquary_n will_v not_o say_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o solemn_a convention_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o common_a or_o general_a council_n in_o his_o time_n it_o be_v manifest_a there_o be_v and_o we_o may_v find_v the_o mark_n of_o distinction_n between_o his_o ordinary_a curia_n &_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n 983._o he_o be_v crown_v convocatis_fw-la terrae_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la say_v bromton_n volentibus_fw-la animus_fw-la provincialium_fw-la malm_n that_o be_v 120._o the_o whole_a kingdom_n agree_v or_o the_o major_a part_n indeed_o it_o seem_v the_o norman_n be_v for_o duke_n robert_n but_o the_o english_a be_v not_o so_o waste_v as_o some_o imagine_v 215._o but_o that_o they_o carry_v it_o angli_fw-la tamen_fw-la fideliter_fw-la ei_fw-la juvabant_fw-la as_o simeon_n of_o durham_n show_v 461._o and_o hoveden_n out_o of_o he_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o hold_v a_o curia_n on_o christmas_n at_o london_n 1088._o but_o it_o be_v more_o than_o a_o curia_fw-la de_fw-fr more_fw-it for_o there_o be_v justiciarii_fw-la ac_fw-la principes_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la 983._o in_o the_o three_o 2._o turmas_fw-la optimatum_fw-la accivit_fw-la &_o guentoniae_fw-la congregavit_fw-la he_o call_v together_o the_o troop_n or_o army_n of_o noble_n barones_n aloquitur_fw-la inveigh_v against_o his_o brother_n robert_n and_o persuade_v they_o to_o a_o war_n 680._o &_o ut_fw-la consilium_fw-la inirent_fw-la quid_fw-la sit_fw-la agendum_fw-la jussit_fw-la bid_v they_o consider_v or_o advise_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v his_o dictis_fw-la omnes_fw-la assenssum_fw-la dederunt_fw-la 2._o all_o consent_v to_o a_o war._n the_o king_n be_v very_o ill_o omnes_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la principes_fw-la coeunt_fw-la 16._o episcopi_fw-la abbates_n &_o quique_fw-la nobiles_fw-la promittuntur_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la bonae_fw-la &_o sanctae_fw-la leges_fw-la here_o the_o prince_n and_o noble_n reach_v to_o omnis_fw-la populus_fw-la here_o anselm_n be_v name_v archbishop_n by_o the_o king_n &_o concordi_fw-la voce_fw-la sequitur_fw-la acclamatio_fw-la omnium_fw-la the_o noise_n and_o public_a acclamation_n witness_v the_o people_n consent_n 3._o and_o this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v secundum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la electionem_fw-la or_o as_o another_o author_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o rogatu_fw-la principum_fw-la suorum_fw-la cleri_fw-la quoque_fw-la &_o populi_fw-la petition_n et_fw-la electione_n the_o king_n be_v upon_o leave_v england_n 2._o to_o settle_v his_o affair_n in_o normandy_n exit_fw-la praecepto_fw-la regis_fw-la omnes_fw-la ferè_fw-la episc_n unà _fw-la cum_fw-la principibus_fw-la angl._n ad_fw-la hastings_n convenerunt_fw-la here_o anselm_n press_v that_o there_o may_v be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la 25._o but_o go_v from_o the_o curia_fw-la the_o great_a council_n dissatisfy_v anselm_n have_v propound_v a_o question_n to_o be_v discuss_v in_o council_n utrum_fw-la saluâ_fw-la reverentiâ_fw-la et_fw-la obedientiâ_fw-la sedis_fw-la apostolicae_fw-la possit_fw-la fidem_fw-la terreno_fw-la regi_fw-la seruare_fw-la anon_o 26._o exit_fw-la regiâ_fw-la sanctione_n fermè_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la quinto_fw-la id._n 2._o martii_fw-la pro_fw-la ventilatione_fw-la istius_fw-la causae_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la apud_fw-la rochingham_n coit_fw-fr fit_a itaque_fw-la conventus_fw-la omnium_fw-la 27._o this_o be_v call_v curia_n but_o can_v not_o be_v the_o court_n of_o tenant_n and_o officer_n only_o anselm_n harangue_n the_o assembly_n in_o medio_fw-la procerum_fw-la et_fw-la conglobatae_fw-la multitudinis_fw-la sedens_fw-la 28._o the_o other_o bishop_n be_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o assembly_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n the_o prolocutor_n they_o tell_v he_o they_o will_v have_v he_o obey_v his_o prince_n upon_o this_o he_o appeal_v to_o rome_n 29._o miles_n unus_n a_o good_a honest_a freeholder_n step_v out_o of_o the_o throng_n de_fw-fr multitudine_fw-la prodiens_fw-la and_o with_o great_a devotion_n set_v before_o his_o holy_a father_n the_o example_n of_o job_n patience_n upon_o this_o the_o prelate_n hug_v himself_o in_o the_o opinion_n that_o the_o populus_fw-la the_o populacy_n be_v
numerositate_fw-la cuncti_fw-la majores_fw-la adunati_fw-la 105._o and_o regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la all_o at_o several_a time_n at_o the_o curia_fw-la de_fw-fr more_n at_o other_o time_n we_o have_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la gentis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la 54._o clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la congregatus_fw-la the_o same_o call_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la 53._o regni_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la sua_fw-la sanctione_n adunatâ_fw-la 1129._o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la magnum_fw-la placitum_fw-la apud_fw-la northamtune_n congregatis_fw-la 1131._o omnibus_fw-la principibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la 1._o that_o be_v 384._o baronibus_fw-la that_o be_v clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la though_o it_o be_v a_o pleasure_n to_o dwell_v upon_o this_o king_n reign_n yet_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o insist_v upon_o further_a proof_n that_o his_o council_n consist_v of_o more_o than_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o great_a officer_n 1135._o king_n stephen_n be_v elect_v king_n 312._o a_o primoribus_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la favore_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n 258._o clericorum_fw-la &_o laicorum_fw-la universitate_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la viz._n tam_fw-la presul_n quam_fw-la com._n &_o baron_n 71._o stephanus_n his_o et_fw-la aliis_fw-la modis_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la confirmatus_fw-la 314._o episcopos_fw-la et_fw-la proceres_fw-la svi_fw-la regni_fw-la regali_fw-la edicto_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la convenire_fw-la praecipit_fw-la cum_fw-la quibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la generale_fw-mi conciliam_fw-la celebravit_fw-la this_o to_o be_v sure_o be_v more_o than_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n the_o eight_o of_o july_n two_o year_n after_o a_o council_n be_v hold_v at_o oxford_n step._n which_o break_v not_o up_o till_o september_n follow_v this_o be_v conventus_fw-la magnatum_fw-la be_v not_o on_o the_o ordinary_a court_n day_n 183._o yet_o perhaps_o be_v not_o a_o great_a general_n council_n it_o be_v only_o for_o matter_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n some_o of_o the_o laity_n have_v complain_v of_o two_o potent_a bishop_n that_o fortify_v their_o castle_n as_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o rule_v over_o they_o by_o the_o temporal_a as_o well_o as_o spiritual_a sword_n and_o have_v make_v a_o catholic_n interpretation_n of_o st._n peter_n ecce_fw-la duo_o gladii_fw-la it_o seem_v the_o bishop_n plea_n be_v that_o this_o be_v no_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n that_o be_v in_o the_o true_a sense_n not_o assemble_v for_o ecclesiastical_a but_o for_o civil_a matter_n but_o in_o their_o sense_n that_o they_o will_v be_v try_v by_o the_o canon_n and_o canonical_a person_n the_o debate_n be_v put_v off_o to_o be_v determine_v in_o a_o general_n council_n appoint_v to_o be_v at_o winchester_n here_o the_o clergy_n set_v up_o for_o themselves_o &_o have_v the_o pope_n legate_n think_v themselves_o a_o body_n sufficient_o entire_a without_o that_o other_o part_n of_o the_o clerus_fw-la god_n inheritance_n which_o use_v to_o make_v up_o eventhese_fw-mi assembly_n with_o much_o ado_n they_o first_o let_v in_o the_o nobility_n proprietor_n of_o land_n 189._o omnes_fw-la barones_n in_fw-la eorum_fw-la communionem_fw-la jamdudum_fw-la recepti_fw-la they_o have_v not_o sit_v four_o day_n but_o the_o londoners-citizen_n demand_v to_o be_v admit_v among_o they_o as_o citizen_n or_o trader_n they_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o nobility_n it_o be_v a_o disparagement_n for_o the_o son_n of_o a_o noble_a man_n a_o freeholder_n to_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o trader_n 80._o and_o this_o our_o constitution_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o poland_n where_o mercator_n and_o nobilis_fw-la be_v always_o contradistinct_a and_o there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a clause_n in_o one_o of_o their_o statute_n polonici_fw-la nobiles_fw-la appellandos_fw-la censemus_fw-la qui_fw-la licèt_fw-la matre_fw-la populari_fw-la patre_fw-la tamen_fw-la nobili_fw-la sunt_fw-la procreati_fw-la quorum_fw-la tamen_fw-la parent_n &_o ipsimet_fw-la vivre_fw-fr &_o vixerint_fw-la ad_fw-la instar_fw-la aliorum_fw-la nobilium_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la &_o non_fw-la exercuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la exerceant_fw-la eas_fw-la art_n &_o actiones_fw-la quas_fw-la communiter_fw-la cives_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la in_o civitatibus_fw-la morantur_fw-la exercere_fw-la solent_fw-la per_fw-la contrarium_fw-la enim_fw-la usum_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la ipsa_fw-la in_o popularem_fw-la &_o plebeiam_fw-la conditionem_fw-la transire_fw-la solet_fw-la and_o with_o they_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o city_n which_o be_v sicut_fw-la proceres_fw-la send_v deputy_n whereas_o the_o possessionati_n the_o noble_n come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n in_o person_n there_o come_v to_o the_o council_n abovenamed_a a_o representative_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n of_o london_n feriâ_fw-la quartâ_fw-la venerunt_fw-la londinenses_n &_o in_o concilium_fw-la introducti_fw-la causam_fw-la svam_fw-la eatenus_fw-la egerunt_fw-la ut_fw-la dicerent_fw-la missos_fw-la se_fw-la a_o communione_fw-la quam_fw-la vocant_fw-la londiniarum_fw-la but_o the_o clergy_n carry_v it_o with_o a_o high_a hand_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o it_o become_v not_o they_o who_o be_v principal_a man_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o sicut_fw-la proceres_fw-la as_o it_o be_v noble_n to_o favour_v they_o who_o forsake_v their_o lord_n which_o i_o think_v be_v mean_v of_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o clergy_n to_o be_v sure_a they_o excommunicate_v the_o king_n and_o those_o that_o hold_v with_o he_o for_o meddle_v in_o their_o matter_n but_o they_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o quiet_a the_o city_n of_o london_n for_o the_o haughty_a answer_n they_o give_v they_o they_o that_o be_v at_o this_o assembly_n come_v not_o as_o the_o king_n tenant_n or_o because_o of_o any_o office_n in_o his_o court._n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o canonical_a thunder_n at_o a_o great_a council_n possible_o of_o layman_n only_o habito_fw-la post_fw-la modum_fw-la concilio_n coram_fw-la primoribus_fw-la angliae_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la omne_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la oppida_fw-la castilia_n munitiones_fw-la quaequae_fw-la 671._o in_fw-la quibus_fw-la secularia_fw-la solent_fw-la exerceri_fw-la negotia_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la juri_fw-la cedant_fw-la whereby_o all_o the_o strong_a hold_n which_o clergyman_n have_v be_v subject_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o laity_n whether_o only_o the_o king_n baron_n barones_n curiae_fw-la suae_fw-la be_v to_o be_v judge_n in_o the_o disposal_n be_v needless_a to_o determine_v but_o statutum_n est_fw-la coram_fw-la primoribus_fw-la angliae_fw-la this_o be_v make_v a_o law_n by_o all_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n we_o have_v several_a other_o council_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n in_o the_o seven_o of_o his_o reign_n there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o recognise_a matilda_n the_o empress_n her_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o all_o but_o the_o man_n of_o kent_n step._n and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o they_o look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o a_o free_a people_n than_o the_o rest_n think_v it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o they_o to_o own_o any_o title_n but_o mere_a election_n maltida_fw-la imperatrix_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la gente_fw-la anglorum_fw-la suscipitur_fw-la in_o dom._n exceptis_fw-la kentensibus_fw-la 392._o 1143._o 37._o in_o the_o nine_o the_o proceres_fw-la be_v summon_v per_fw-la edictum_fw-la regium_fw-la to_o st._n alban_n polycron_n the_o same_o year_n be_v a_o great_a council_n at_o northampton_n call_v parliamentum_fw-la 1379._o in_o the_o seventeen_o generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la convocavit_fw-la at_o london_n to_o which_o be_v call_v the_o bishop_n and_o all_o the_o proceres_fw-la 1154._o in_o the_o ninteenth_n and_o last_o of_o his_o reign_n step._n all_o the_o principes_fw-la meet_v at_o oxford_n ad_fw-la octavis_fw-la epiphaniae_fw-la and_o soon_o after_o the_o colloquium_fw-la at_o oxford_n they_o meet_v at_o dunstaple_n 32._o and_o he_o hold_v another_o great_a council_n the_o same_o year_n at_o london_n on_o michaelmas_n tam_fw-la pro_fw-la negotio_fw-la regni_fw-la quam_fw-la provisione_n eccles_n ebor._n 1040._o cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o optimatibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la this_o be_v both_o for_o ecclesiastical_a &_o civil_a matter_n the_o council_n of_o clarendon_n with_o that_o part_n of_o its_o constitution_n which_o have_v be_v much_o controvert_v of_o late_a 2._o will_v detain_v i_o and_o the_o reader_n too_o long_o to_o examine_v the_o several_a instance_n of_o great_a council_n or_o of_o ordinary_a court_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n by_o the_o examination_n of_o this_o possible_o i_o may_v give_v some_o additional_a light_n to_o what_o i_o have_v already_o represent_v the_o end_n of_o this_o convention_n be_v 2._o to_o vindicate_v the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n from_o the_o usurpation_n of_o the_o clergy_n 1164._o who_o insist_v upon_o exemption_n finem_fw-la and_o a_o uncontrollable_a licence_n to_o do_v ill_a upon_o pretence_n of_o the_o sacredness_n of_o their_o person_n whereas_o the_o king_n will_v allow_v they_o no_o other_o privilege_n or_o exemption_n than_o what_o his_o law_n have_v give_v they_o this_o council_n be_v compose_v of_o more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a 96._o it_o be_v call_v a_o great_a and_o full_a parliament_n generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la the_o party_n present_a be_v under_o divers_a denomination_n 248._o all_o come_n to_o the_o same_o rex_fw-la arch._n ep._n ab._n pr._n com._n bar._n &_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la 1385._o as_o m._n paris_n
the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o so_o become_v incorporate_v into_o and_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 3._o and_o that_o they_o run_v in_o the_o term_n of_o judicia_fw-la agitare_fw-la which_o in_o the_o common_a intendment_n be_v of_o ordinary_a justice_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n particular_o refer_v to_o the_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n except_o it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o clergyman_n vote_v in_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n the_o court_n of_o tenant_n and_o officer_n whilst_o that_o court_n continue_v there_o be_v not_o one_o precedent_n against_o this_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n if_o it_o be_v say_v they_o have_v voted_n in_o bill_n of_o attainder_n which_o in_o effect_n be_v judicia_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la still_o these_o be_v not_o within_o the_o ordinary_a justice_n however_o if_o they_o be_v judicia_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la in_o a_o strict_a sense_n let_v they_o who_o be_v concern_v answer_v the_o evade_n the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n i_o shall_v give_v one_o plain_a instance_n of_o a_o great_a council_n 1176._o and_o another_o of_o a_o ordinary_a court_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n cott._n and_o hasten_v to_o the_o next_o circa_n festum_fw-la sancti_fw-la pauli_n venit_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la usque_fw-la northampton_n &_o magnum_fw-la ibi_fw-la celebravit_fw-la concilium_fw-la de_fw-la statutis_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la coram_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la &_o coram_fw-la eye_v per_fw-la concilium_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la militum_fw-la &_o hominum_fw-la suorum_fw-la hanc_fw-la subscriptam_fw-la assisam_fw-la fecit_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v more_o than_o a_o ordinary_a curia_n and_o there_o be_v the_o barones_n terrae_fw-la the_o milites_fw-la and_o homines_fw-la svi_fw-la be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v for_o his_o feudal_a tenant_n but_o his_o liege_n people_n for_o his_o ordinary_a curia_n we_o find_v a_o clear_a precedent_n in_o the_o glossary_a of_o that_o great_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n who_o if_o he_o have_v live_v to_o finish_v the_o second_o part_n will_v certain_o have_v give_v a_o complete_a body_n of_o antiquity_n we_o find_v in_o he_o the_o form_n of_o a_o fine_a levy_v in_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n haec_fw-la est_fw-la finalis_fw-la conventio_fw-la facta_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la clarendum_fw-la anno_fw-la 33._o finis_fw-la regni_fw-la regis_fw-la henrici_fw-la secundi_fw-la coram_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o joh._n filio_fw-la ejus_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o aliis_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la qui_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibi_fw-la praesentes_fw-la erant_fw-la etc._n etc._n richard_n the_o first_o be_v spirit_v to_o jerusalem_n and_o therefore_o we_o must_v not_o expect_v many_o instance_n from_o he_o of_o the_o one_o sort_n or_o tother_o 1._o but_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o ecclesiastical_a council_n at_o pipewell_n in_o northamptonshire_n 1189._o can_v not_o be_v the_o curia_n de_fw-fr more_fw-it 1161._o sir_n hen._n spelman_n call_v it_o concilium_fw-la pambritanicum_fw-la and_o bromton_n tell_v we_o in_o general_a who_o be_v at_o it_o 119._o among_o other_o there_o be_v all_o the_o abbot_n and_o prior_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o it_o be_v very_o manifest_a that_o they_o be_v not_o all_o tenant_n in_o chief_a many_o hold_v in_o purâ_fw-la &_o perpetuâ_fw-la eleemosynâ_fw-la and_o other_o of_o temporal_a lord_n religiosorum_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o carlisle_n 34_o ed._n 1._o and_o therefore_o this_o be_v not_o a_o court_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n and_o officer_n only_o but_o then_o in_o november_n follow_v he_o assemble_v a_o full_a parliament_n at_o london_n rex_fw-la congregatis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la 1166._o comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la habuit_fw-la &_o tractatum_fw-la this_o be_v manifest_o more_o than_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la a_o great_a court_n be_v hold_v the_o next_o year_n at_o bury_n in_o normandy_n 1170._o ricardus_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la festum_fw-la nativitatis_fw-la domini_fw-la quod_fw-la secunda_fw-la feria_fw-la illo_fw-la anno_fw-la evenit_fw-la in_o normanniâ_fw-la apud_fw-la burium_fw-la cum_fw-la primatibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la illius_fw-la celebravit_fw-la day_n it_o seem_v he_o have_v hold_v another_o court_n in_o england_n for_o this_o be_v the_o second_o court_n but_o the_o great_a council_n at_o london_n be_v not_o of_o either_o of_o the_o feast_n day_n john_n but_o let_v we_o see_v whether_o this_o distinction_n be_v observable_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o prince_n upon_o who_o charter_n our_o dispute_n be_v he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o large_a representative_a than_o the_o interpreter_n of_o his_o charter_n have_v put_v upon_o we_o jo._n a_o populo_fw-la terrae_fw-la susceptus_fw-la est_fw-la 2414._o king_n john_n in_o one_o of_o his_o charter_n say_v 189._o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n jure_fw-la hereditario_fw-la &_o mediante_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_fw-la unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o favore_fw-la congregatis_fw-la arch._n ep._n comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la atque_fw-la aliis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la this_o explain_v who_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la joh._n which_o assemble_v at_o london_n in_o the_o second_o of_o his_o reign_n which_o the_o historian_n not_o have_v mention_v any_o feast_n day_n or_o say_v bare_o that_o the_o king_n hold_v his_o court_n be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o the_o great_a council_n but_o the_o record_n give_v further_a light_n 5._o they_o show_v we_o that_o there_o the_o queen_n be_v crown_v de_fw-la communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la &_o concordi_fw-la voluntate_fw-la arch._n episcoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nor_o be_v it_o a_o wonder_n that_o the_o queen_n be_v a_o foreigner_n have_v such_o a_o formal_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n to_o confirm_v her_o queen_n for_o there_o have_v be_v at_o least_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o law_n against_o any_o king_n of_o england_n marry_v a_o foreigner_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_o therefore_o harold_n plead_v against_o william_n the_o first_o when_o he_o urge_v his_o oath_n for_o place_v the_o crown_n upon_o william_n head_n and_o marry_v william_n daughter_n that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v either_o inconsultis_fw-la principibus_fw-la or_o absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_fw-la conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la 56._o as_o another_o author_n explain_v the_o council_n 59_o the_o consent_n of_o which_o harold_n plead_v to_o be_v necessary_a from_o london_n king_n john_n issue_v out_o his_o summons_n to_o william_n king_n of_o scot_n to_o attend_v he_o at_o lincoln_n which_o summon_v he_o be_v oblige_v to_o obey_v as_o one_o of_o his_o tenant_n in_o chief_a but_o thither_o come_v more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a nor_o be_v it_o the_o place_n or_o time_n for_o the_o curia_fw-la de_fw-fr more_fw-it and_o therefore_o the_o curia_n and_o general_a council_n be_v unite_v the_o king_n of_o scot_n come_v as_o attendant_n upon_o the_o curia_n convenerunt_fw-la interea_fw-la ad_fw-la colloquium_fw-la apud_fw-la lincolniam_fw-la 196._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la johannes_n &_o rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la willielmus_fw-la cum_fw-la universà _fw-la nobilitate_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_fw-la utriusque_fw-la regni_fw-la vndecimo_fw-la kalendas_fw-la decembris_fw-la as_o under_o the_o nobility_n the_o senator_n of_o scotland_n be_v comprehend_v all_o the_o freeholders_n at_o that_o time_n beyond_o dispute_n it_o be_v probable_a at_o least_o that_o our_o nobility_n be_v of_o the_o same_o extent_n and_o for_o the_o probability_n of_o the_o assemble_v of_o so_o great_a a_o body_n as_o the_o proprietor_n of_o both_o kingdom_n must_v have_v make_v even_o then_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o meeting_n be_v without_o the_o wall_n for_o the_o city_n be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v they_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n do_v homage_n upon_o a_o mountain_n in_o conspectu_fw-la omnis_fw-la populi_fw-la before_o all_o the_o people_n the_o unite_a body_n of_o freeholders_n of_o both_o kingdom_n in_o the_o three_o of_o his_o reign_n this_o king_n hold_v his_o curia_n on_o christmas_n at_o guildford_n 1201._o and_o this_o be_v no_o more_o than_o his_o military_a council_n 198._o multa_fw-la militibus_fw-la suis_fw-la festiva_fw-la distribuit_fw-la indumenta_fw-la that_o be_v in_o festival_n bounty_n he_o give_v many_o coat_n to_o his_o soldier_n and_o that_o this_o be_v no_o more_o be_v very_o evident_a in_o that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o show_v himself_o a_o prince_n in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a empire_n set_v up_o the_o like_a court_n of_o his_o tenant_n and_o dependent_n hubertus_n verò_fw-la cantuariensis_n arch._n ãâ¦ã_z quasi_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la à _fw-la pari_fw-la contendens_fw-la eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la fecit_fw-la apud_fw-la cantuariam_n at_o easter_n the_o king_n hold_v his_o court_n at_o canterbury_n where_o the_o archbishop_n by_o sumptuous_a entertainment_n of_o the_o king_n hope_v to_o atone_v for_o his_o former_a vain-glory._n on_o ascension-day_n the_o king_n issue_v out_o his_o summons_n from_o theokesbery_n for_o the_o hold_v his_o ordinary_a court_n at_o whitsuntide_n follow_v at_o
praefato_fw-la concilio_fw-la nostro_fw-la ad_fw-la praed_fw-we term_n pashae_fw-la respondere_fw-la possint_fw-la super_fw-la praed_fw-we auxil_n pro_fw-la singulis_fw-la comitat._n these_o be_v proper_o to_o come_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o all_o for_o they_o be_v only_a deputy_n to_o carry_v the_o sense_n of_o their_o principal_n the_o matter_n be_v to_o be_v propound_v in_o the_o county_n court_v before_o the_o knight_n there_o choose_v &_o aliis_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o freeholders_n this_o whole_a assembly_n be_v to_o be_v move_v to_o grant_v a_o large_a contribution_n and_o the_o knight_n be_v to_o make_v the_o tender_a of_o their_o present_n before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n if_o the_o county_n have_v whole_o refuse_v the_o knight_n have_v no_o power_n then_o to_o grant_v for_o they_o so_o say_v the_o record_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v propound_v to_o all_o ita_fw-la quod_fw-la the_o knight_n may_v answer_v for_o a_o aid_n from_o the_o county_n and_o it_o seem_v whether_o the_o county_n choose_v deputy_n or_o not_o or_o give_v they_o not_o full_a instruction_n the_o king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o work_v upon_o they_o that_o meet_v at_o the_o place_n and_o time_n then_o appoint_v but_o they_o break_v up_o in_o great_a discontent_n et_fw-la sic_fw-la cum_fw-la summa_fw-la indignatione_fw-la tristes_fw-la admodum_fw-la proceres_fw-la recesserunt_fw-la 859._o but_o if_o the_o tenant_n in_o chief_a make_v the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n till_o 49_o h._n 3._o and_o have_v a_o power_n to_o tax_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n de_fw-fr alto_n &_o basso_n ad_fw-la meram_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la svam_fw-la why_o this_o summons_n for_o a_o representative_a of_o the_o county_n the_o very_a next_o year_n be_v the_o 39th_o abovementioned_a the_o king_n solicit_v they_o for_o aid_n they_o tell_v the_o king_n he_o undertake_v that_o war_n against_o france_n 884._o for_o which_o he_o demand_v aid_n sine_fw-la consilio_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o baronagii_fw-la svi_fw-la and_o when_o some_o be_v for_o comply_v with_o the_o king_n demand_n they_o answer_v that_o all_o be_v not_o call_v according_a to_o the_o tenor_n magnae_fw-la cartae_fw-la suae_fw-la that_o be_v of_o this_o king_n great_a charter_n now_o whether_o this_o be_v because_o many_o who_o be_v exempt_v from_o common_a summons_n for_o many_o such_o there_o be_v by_o particular_a charter_n have_v not_o special_a summons_n singulatim_fw-la from_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o that_o he_o put_v a_o representative_a upon_o they_o whereas_o they_o may_v plead_v that_o it_o be_v their_o free_a custom_n to_o come_v themselves_o in_o person_n or_o send_v as_o many_o as_o they_o please_v in_o their_o name_n i_o need_v not_o determine_v it_o be_v enough_o that_o here_o be_v more_o than_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la but_o a_o mighty_a argument_n have_v be_v raise_v against_o inferior_a proprietor_n or_o the_o barones_n milites_fw-la &_o liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la which_o hold_v not_o of_o the_o king_n be_v part_n of_o the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n upon_o such_o record_n as_o mention_v their_o be_v summon_v coram_fw-la concilio_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o force_n resolve_v into_o this_o they_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o king_n stand_v council_n the_o assistant_n to_o he_o and_o his_o lord_n or_o of_o his_o common_a council_n of_o tenant_n and_o officer_n in_o the_o curia_fw-la therefore_o no_o part_n of_o the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o clear_v this_o i_o need_v offer_v but_o one_o instance_n of_o many_o at_o christmas_n in_o the_o 6_o of_o hen._n the_o 3._o he_o hold_v his_o curia_n at_o oxford_n 3._o but_o it_o be_v more_o than_o a_o curia_fw-la de_fw-fr more_n tenuit_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la regni_fw-la 298._o word_n of_o a_o extensive_a sense_n 280._o or_o ad_fw-la natale_fw-la dom._n fuit_fw-la apud_fw-la oxoniam_fw-la ubi_fw-la festa_fw-la natalitia_fw-la solemniter_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la celebravit_fw-la we_o have_v a_o record_n of_o a_o subsidy_n grant_v that_o year_n probable_o in_o that_o very_a curia_n coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o concilio_fw-la nostro_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la arch._n cant._n ep._n com._n &_o magnatibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la omnium_fw-la voluntate_fw-la 7._o now_o many_o of_o these_o be_v member_n both_o of_o the_o stand_a council_n and_o curia_n too_o and_o yet_o be_v coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o concilio_n nostro_fw-la but_o the_o meaning_n of_o it_o be_v that_o this_o be_v grant_v either_o before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o stand_a council_n or_o the_o king_n in_o his_o curia_fw-la by_o all_o these_o that_o be_v here_o be_v a_o conjunction_n of_o all_o council_n in_o one_o adunatis_fw-la conciliis_fw-la but_o because_o here_o be_v only_o com._n bar._n &_o magnate_v mention_v as_o if_o here_o be_v not_o any_o but_o great_a lord_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o can_v be_v deny_v by_o any_o antiquary_n that_o freeholder_a and_o they_o that_o come_v from_o the_o county_n as_o the_o representative_n of_o such_o have_v the_o appellation_n of_o magnates_n scaccario_n even_o a_o long_a while_n after_o and_o therefore_o much_o rather_o before_o when_o land_n have_v few_o owner_n the_o owner_n especial_o such_o as_o come_v in_o their_o own_o person_n be_v magnates_n in_o the_o 37_o of_o this_o king_n in_o parliamento_fw-la london_n so_o mat._n westm_n p._n 352._o stapulae_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la r._n comes_fw-la norfolc_n etc._n etc._n caeterique_fw-la magnates_fw-la angliae_fw-la consent_v to_o the_o excommunication_n of_o all_o the_o violator_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n rex_fw-la &_o praedicti_fw-la magnates_fw-la that_o be_v as_o be_v explain_v by_o fleta_n who_o be_v judge_n in_o the_o 16_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la 93._o abbates_n regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la priores_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la magnates_fw-la the_o record_n go_v on_o &_o communitas_fw-la populi_fw-la protestantur_fw-la publicè_fw-la in_o praesentiâ_fw-la arch._n cant._n nec_fw-la non_fw-la &_o episcoporum_fw-la omnium_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la colloquio_fw-la existentium_fw-la in_o cujus_fw-la rei_fw-la test_n &_o in_o posterum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la testimonium_fw-la tam_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la quam_fw-la praed_fw-we comites_fw-la ad_fw-la instantiam_fw-la magnatum_fw-la &_o populi_fw-la praesentium_fw-la scripto_fw-la sigilla_fw-la sua_fw-la apposuerunt_fw-la here_o the_o communitas_fw-la populi_fw-la be_v the_o communitas_fw-la civitatum_fw-la &_o burgorum_n for_o the_o rest_n be_v magnates_n the_o king_n and_o some_o earl_n subscribe_v at_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o rest_n perhaps_o by_o this_o time_n they_o that_o suppose_v the_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la within_o king_n john_n charter_n to_o have_v be_v a_o full_a parliament_n or_o great_a council_n till_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o will_v compound_v for_o their_o notion_n and_o will_v yield_v that_o more_o than_o such_o often_o come_v to_o council_n but_o that_o it_o be_v of_o courtesy_n and_o that_o the_o king_n be_v immediate_a tenant_n alone_o can_v charge_v the_o rest_n and_o often_o do_v for_o which_o they_o have_v two_o false_a ground_n though_o perhaps_o but_o one_o within_o the_o time_n we_o be_v now_o upon_o yet_o both_o be_v worth_a notice_n 1._o they_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o lord_n use_v to_o answer_v for_o their_o tenant_n in_o benevolence_n out_o of_o parliament_n and_o upon_o this_o weak_a and_o at_o least_o uncertain_a foundation_n they_o build_v the_o supposition_n that_o they_o at_o other_o time_n represent_v they_o in_o all_o great_a and_o public_a council_n 2._o which_o fall_v within_o the_o time_n that_o it_o shall_v seem_v by_o record_n that_o the_o immediate_a tenant_n have_v charge_v other_o without_o their_o consent_n 1._o to_o prove_v that_o the_o lord_n answer_v for_o their_o tenant_n they_o run_v back_o as_o far_o as_o william_n the_o second_v reign_v when_o his_o brother_n robert_n send_v to_o he_o to_o borrow_v ten_o thousand_o mark_n of_o silver_n proffer_v normandy_n for_o security_n for_o repayment_n the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o abbess_n break_v in_o piece_n the_o silver_n and_o gold_n ornament_n of_o their_o church_n the_o earl_n baron_n and_o sheriff_n suos_fw-la milites_fw-la spoliaverunt_fw-la that_o be_v rob_v those_o which_o be_v under_o they_o and_o it_o be_v a_o fine_a precedent_n for_o the_o right_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o carry_v sacrilege_n and_o robbery_n in_o the_o face_n of_o it_o here_o the_o sheriff_n rob_v or_o take_v away_o from_o the_o freeholder_n that_o be_v within_o their_o ball'ia_n or_o balliva_n and_o the_o lord_n take_v from_o the_o tenant_n within_o they_o wherefore_o if_o the_o lord_n can_v charge_v their_o tenant_n the_o sheriff_n can_v the_o freeholder_n but_o i_o will_v fain_o see_v one_o precedent_n that_o the_o king_n tenant_n ever_o answer_v for_o they_o that_o be_v within_o their_o ball'ia_n further_o than_o the_o sheriff_n do_v for_o those_o within_o they_o which_o at_o
ex_fw-la parte_fw-la episcopi_fw-la wign_a â_o com._n dorso_fw-la leicester_n &_o gloucester_n ac_fw-la quorundam_fw-la aliorum_fw-la procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la vocati_fw-la sunt_fw-la tres_fw-la de_fw-la singulis_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la quod_fw-la sint_fw-la coram_fw-la ipsis_fw-la ad_fw-la sanctum_fw-la albanum_fw-la secum_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la super_fw-la communibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la here_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n exceed_v their_o power_n and_o as_o if_o the_o king_n be_v a_o cypher_n in_o the_o government_n will_v have_v the_o knight_n from_o the_o several_a shire_n come_v before_o they_o the_o king_n not_o without_o reason_n jealous_a of_o his_o honour_n command_n that_o they_o which_o have_v be_v summon_v to_o st._n alban_n shall_v come_v to_o he_o at_o windsor_n nobiscum_fw-la super_fw-la premissis_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habituros_fw-la venerab_n 5._o pater_fw-la g._n eboracensis_fw-la arch._n angliae_fw-la primus_fw-la et_fw-la alii_fw-la praelati_fw-la magnates_fw-la milites_fw-la liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la servitium_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la et_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ultra_fw-la quam_fw-la temporibus_fw-la retractis_fw-la in_o aliis_fw-la summonitionibus_fw-la exercitus_fw-la nostri_fw-la facere_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la this_o the_o king_n promise_n shall_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o consequence_n upon_o a_o extraordinary_a occasion_n they_o that_o be_v not_o accustom_v to_o perform_v military_a service_n do_v it_o then_o and_o they_o that_o do_v owe_v service_n do_v more_o than_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o by_o their_o tenure_n all_o as_o well_o those_o that_o hold_v not_o of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a as_o those_o which_o do_v join_v together_o and_o make_v a_o general_a charge_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o subsidium_fw-la et_fw-la auxilium_fw-la in_o the_o 48th_o of_o this_o king_n 1264._o there_o be_v a_o right_a understanding_n between_o he_o and_o his_o people_n 10._o the_o record_n say_v haec_fw-la est_fw-la forma_fw-la pacis_fw-la a_o domino_fw-la rege_fw-la et_fw-la domino_fw-la edwardo_n filio_fw-la svo_fw-la praelatis_fw-la et_fw-la proceribus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la et_fw-la communitate_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la communiter_fw-la et_fw-la concorditer_fw-la approbata_fw-la etc._n etc._n among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v agree_v ad_fw-la reformac'onem_fw-la status_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la that_o they_o shall_v choose_v 3_o man_n who_o shall_v have_v power_n from_o the_o king_n to_o name_v nine_o that_o shall_v be_v the_o king_n stand_v council_n and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o three_o displease_v the_o community_n si_fw-la videatur_fw-la communitati_fw-la prelatorum_fw-la et_fw-la baronum_fw-la one_o or_o more_o be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o their_o room_n per_fw-la consilium_fw-la communitatis_fw-la praelatorumet_n baronum_fw-la and_o the_o record_n conclude_v haec_fw-la autem_fw-la ordinatio_fw-la facta_fw-la fuit_fw-la apud_fw-la london_n de_fw-la consensu_fw-la voluntate_fw-la et_fw-la praecepto_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la necnon_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la baronum_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la communitatis_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibi_fw-la praesentium_fw-la the_o council_n so_o choose_v as_o aforesaid_a dorso_fw-la be_v to_o advise_v the_o king_n in_o hiis_fw-la quae_fw-la spectant_fw-la ad_fw-la regimen_fw-la curiae_fw-la et_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o at_o that_o time_n nostro_fw-la or_o immediate_o upon_o it_o rex_fw-la statuit_fw-la et_fw-la ordinavit_fw-la as_o mr._n camden_n tell_v we_o who_o authority_n i_o shall_v enforce_v that_o none_o of_o the_o multitude_n of_o baron_n shall_v come_v to_o parliament_n but_o they_o to_o who_o the_o king_n vouchsafe_v to_o send_v his_o special_a summons_n or_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o alia_fw-la illa_fw-la brevia_fw-la what_o i_o have_v already_o draw_v from_o the_o bowel_n of_o antiquity_n make_v i_o think_v that_o mr._n selden_n be_v arrive_v to_o this_o maturity_n of_o judgement_n when_o he_o put_v out_o the_o first_o edition_n of_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n wherein_o he_o receive_v without_o doubt_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o learned_a clarenceulx_fw-fr mr._n camden_n 278._o concern_v the_o new_a model_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o england_n loquor_fw-la which_o mr._n camden_n tell_v we_o he_o have_v out_o of_o a_o author_n old_a enough_o to_o know_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o assertion_n upon_o this_o authority_n mr._n selden_n take_v it_o then_o pro_fw-la concesso_fw-la that_o the_o alteration_n be_v as_o be_v there_o show_v and_o begin_v in_o the_o 48th_o of_o hen._n the_o three_o and_o that_o the_o first_o summons_n according_o be_v the_o 49th_o which_o he_o illustrate_v by_o the_o like_a many_o year_n after_o in_o scotland_n item_n 1._o the_o king_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o hail_n council_n general_o have_v statute_n and_o ordain_v that_o the_o small_a baronne_n and_o free_a tennente_n neid_v not_o to_o come_v to_o parliament_n nor_o general_n counsel_n swa_o that_o of_o ilk_fw-mi shirefdome_n their_o be_v send_v choose_v at_o the_o head_n court_n of_o the_o shirefdome_n twa_fw-mi or_o maa_o wise_a man_n after_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o shirefdome_n all_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n duke_n earls_z lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o banrets_n the_o quhilk_n the_o king_n will_v be_v receive_v and_o summon_v to_o council_n and_o parliament_n be_v his_o special_a precept_n this_o i_o conceive_v be_v a_o illustration_n of_o mr._n camden_n authority_n ad_fw-la summum_fw-la honorem_fw-la pertinet_fw-la 122._o speak_v of_o the_o word_n baro._n exit_fw-la quo_fw-la rex_fw-la henricus_fw-la ex_fw-la tantâ_fw-la multitudine_fw-la quae_fw-la seditiosa_fw-la et_fw-la turbulenta_fw-la fuit_fw-la optimos_fw-la quosque_fw-la rescripto_fw-la ad_fw-la comitia_fw-la parlamentaria_fw-la evocaverit_fw-la ille_fw-la enim_fw-la ex_fw-la satis_fw-la antiquo_fw-la authore_fw-la loquor_fw-la post_fw-la magnas_fw-la perturbationes_fw-la et_fw-la enorme_n vexationes_fw-la inter_fw-la ipsum_fw-la regem_fw-la et_fw-la simonem_fw-la de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr forti_fw-la &_o alios_fw-la barones_n motas_fw-la &_o sopitas_fw-la statuit_fw-la &_o ordinavit_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la illi_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n regni_n angliae_fw-la quibus_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la dignatus_fw-la est_fw-la brevia_fw-la summonitionis_fw-la dirigere_fw-la venirent_fw-la ad_fw-la parliament_n â_o suum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alii_fw-la nisi_fw-la forte_fw-fr dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la alia_fw-la illa_fw-la brevia_fw-la dirigere_fw-la voluisset_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la ille_fw-la paulo_fw-la ante_fw-la obitum_fw-la incepit_fw-la ed._n 1._o ejusque_fw-la successores_fw-la constant_a observarunt_fw-la unde_fw-la illi_fw-la soli_fw-la regni_fw-la barones_n censebantur_fw-la qui_fw-la ejusmodi_fw-la summonitionum_fw-la ut_fw-la vocant_fw-la rescriptis_fw-la ad_fw-la comitia_fw-la evocaverant_a donec_fw-la r._n 2._o joannem_fw-la de_fw-la beauchamp_n de_fw-fr holt_n baronem_fw-la de_fw-fr kiderminster_n diplomate_v dato_fw-la 10._o octob._n anno_fw-la nostri_fw-la svi_fw-la 11._o creaverit_fw-la the_o substance_n of_o this_o be_v that_o the_o word_n baro_n be_v applicable_a to_o the_o whole_a people_n the_o body_n of_o freeholders_n especial_o as_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n till_o the_o king_n confer_v particular_a honour_n upon_o some_o by_o his_o especial_a writ_n of_o summons_n and_o none_o other_o come_v but_o in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o aliae_fw-la illa_fw-la brevia_fw-la that_o be_v the_o writ_n for_o election_n in_o county_n city_n and_o borough_n that_o this_o be_v begin_v to_o prevent_v those_o tumult_n of_o which_o both_o the_o king_n and_o the_o baron_n have_v fatal_a experience_n that_o this_o be_v enact_v in_o due_a form_n of_o law_n though_o the_o form_n be_v not_o express_v yet_o it_o be_v imply_v under_o the_o statuit_fw-la &_o ordinavit_fw-la be_v word_n of_o legislation_n and_o for_o confirmation_n that_o it_o be_v so_o it_o have_v be_v follow_v ever_o since_o and_o that_o the_o baron_n by_o creation_n who_o have_v ever_o since_o their_o creation_n have_v right_o to_o sit_v as_o of_o the_o high_a order_n previous_a to_o their_o sit_v or_o express_a summons_n come_v not_o in_o till_o the_o 11_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o against_o this_o mr._n selden_n who_o insight_n into_o record_n and_o m_n make_v he_o take_v it_o ill_a that_o any_o shall_v escape_v his_o view_n have_v raise_v these_o objection_n 1._o in_o all_o occurrence_n that_o i_o meet_v with_o 589._o since_o the_o grand_a charter_n of_o king_n john_n i_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o interest_n that_o those_o other_o tenant_n in_o chief_a eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la have_v in_o parliament_n who_o doubtless_o be_v the_o person_n that_o be_v exclude_v from_o it_o when_o soever_o such_o law_n be_v make_v tanti_fw-la viri_fw-la pace_fw-la this_o objection_n come_v not_o nigh_o the_o point_n it_o not_o be_v prove_v at_o least_o that_o king_n john_n charter_n give_v the_o form_n of_o a_o parliament_n or_o general_n council_n or_o of_o any_o other_o than_o a_o council_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n for_o matter_n belong_v to_o their_o tenure_n and_o this_o sense_n mr._n selden_n himself_o confirm_v when_o he_o say_v that_o he_o find_v not_o that_o the_o minores_fw-la barones_n in_o chief_a or_o those_o other_o tenant_n in_o chief_a eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la have_v any_o interest_n in_o parliament_n now_o not_o have_v any_o peculiar_a interest_n what_o need_v of_o a_o
particular_o name_v but_o for_o this_o a_o resolution_n by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n the_o 8_o be_v a_o full_a authority_n where_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o king_n may_v hold_v his_o parliament_n without_o such_o lord_n as_o come_v only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o possession_n case_n the_o same_o in_o effect_n mr._n selden_n tell_v we_o eadm_n in_o in_o his_o note_n upon_o eadmerus_n neque_fw-la eos_fw-la speak_v of_o barones_n duntaxat_fw-la ut_fw-la hodie_fw-la significare_fw-la quibus_fw-la peculiaris_fw-la ordinum_fw-la comitiis_fw-la locus_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la universos_fw-la qui_fw-la saltem_fw-la beatiores_fw-la regius_fw-la munificentia_fw-la etc._n etc._n latifundia_fw-la possidebant_fw-la so_o that_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n here_o that_o there_o be_v several_a who_o have_v great_a estate_n of_o the_o immediate_a grant_n of_o the_o crown_n who_o yet_o have_v no_o seat_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v to_o assert_v any_o thing_n dogmatical_o i_o only_o offer_v by_o way_n of_o learning_n some_o thing_n which_o perhaps_o will_v be_v look_v on_o as_o paradox_n at_o the_o least_o i_o divide_v not_o my_o matter_n into_o head_n and_o position_n because_o i_o run_v counter_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o many_o great_a name_n and_o the_o direct_a oppose_v such_o in_o thesi_fw-la will_v be_v invidious_a and_o gain_v a_o disadvantage_n to_o the_o authority_n i_o produce_v if_o any_o body_n will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o show_v i_o by_o authentic_a proof_n and_o warrantable_a reason_n that_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o record_n or_o history_n by_o i_o cite_v or_o other_o not_o occur_v to_o i_o aught_o to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o sense_n contrary_a to_o what_o have_v appear_v to_o i_o i_o shall_v thankful_o receive_v and_o acknowledge_v his_o instruction_n but_o till_o then_o i_o must_v crave_v pardon_n if_o i_o can_v swallow_v or_o digest_v any_o learned_a modern_a antiquarie_n bare_a ipse_fw-la dixit_fw-la where_o i_o find_v the_o best_a of_o our_o historian_n and_o a_o series_n of_o record_n in_o my_o judgement_n diametrical_o oppose_v and_o contradict_v their_o position_n and_o assertion_n i_o be_o aware_a that_o beside_o the_o many_o slip_n of_o a_o hasty_a pen_n and_o the_o weakness_n perhaps_o of_o several_a of_o the_o inference_n which_o among_o some_o avocation_n may_v have_v pass_v neglect_v there_o be_v a_o material_a objection_n against_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v the_o general_a agreement_n of_o record_n and_o history_n that_o till_o the_o 48th_o or_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o all_o proprietor_n of_o land_n come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n without_o any_o settle_a exclusion_n when_o yet_o we_o many_o time_n find_v that_o the_o council_n be_v hold_v in_o church_n or_o hall_n and_o yet_o at_o those_o time_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o populus_fw-la be_v there_o as_o if_o the_o great_a man_n be_v the_o stand_v representative_a body_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o answer_v for_o all_o the_o people_n the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v according_a to_o the_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la synodos_fw-la which_o i_o may_v apply_v to_o the_o civil_a council_n that_o the_o probi_fw-la homines_fw-la 1._o or_o bonae_fw-la conversationis_fw-la come_v sometime_o in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o when_o they_o agree_v to_o it_o which_o be_v no_o abridgement_n of_o their_o personal_a right_n they_o come_v by_o representation_n ex_fw-la electione_n and_o every_o one_o be_v there_o himself_o virtual_o by_o his_o deputy_n but_o they_o often_o meet_v in_o vast_a body_n and_o in_o capacious_a place_n both_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n and_o after_o william_n the_o first_o obtain_v the_o imperial_a crown_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o proprietor_n be_v assemble_v at_o runeme_v between_o stanes_n and_o windsor_n at_o the_o pass_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n and_o if_o we_o believe_v matth._n westminster_n 1215._o it_o be_v not_o unusual_a for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n long_o before_o king_n john_n time_n at_o that_o very_a place_n to_o meet_v their_o people_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n maximus_fw-la tractatus_fw-la habebatur_fw-la inter_fw-la regem_fw-la et_fw-la barones_n de_fw-la pace_fw-la regni_fw-la inter_fw-la stanes_n &_o windsoram_n in_o prato_fw-la quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la runeme_v quod_fw-la interpretatur_fw-la pratum_fw-la concilii_fw-la eö_o quod_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la ibi_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la regni_fw-la saepius_fw-la consilia_fw-la tractabantur_fw-la this_o show_v the_o usual_a place_n of_o assemble_v to_o have_v be_v large_a enough_o for_o all_o the_o people_n which_o be_v in_o so_o many_o record_n and_o history_n print_v and_o in_o manuscript_n say_v to_o have_v be_v present_a at_o the_o great_a or_o general_a council_n i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o one_o instance_n of_o the_o party_n present_v at_o such_o a_o council_n which_o be_v deliver_v with_o sufficient_a perspicuity_n anselm_n in_o one_o of_o his_o dispute_n with_o henry_n the_o first_o 70._o desire_v the_o debate_n may_v be_v adjourn_v till_o the_o easter_n follow_v differantur_fw-la haec_fw-la si_fw-la placet_fw-la usqu_fw-la in_fw-la pascha_fw-la ut_fw-la audito_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la regnique_fw-la primatum_fw-la consilio_fw-la qui_fw-la modò_fw-la non_fw-la assunt_fw-la respondeam_fw-la hinc_fw-la upon_o this_o anselm_n come_v to_o the_o court_n at_o easter_n igitur_fw-la in_o pascha_fw-la curiam_fw-la venit_fw-la regni_fw-la ingenuitatem_fw-la praesens_fw-la consulit_fw-la communi_fw-la consilii_fw-la vocem_fw-la accepit_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o the_o council_n episcoporum_fw-la et_fw-la primatum_fw-la to_o which_o he_o refer_v himself_o be_v reciprocal_a with_o the_o ingenuitas_fw-la regni_fw-la ingenuus_n that_o be_v as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n show_v we_o the_o liberi_fw-la et_fw-la legales_fw-la homines_fw-la the_o good_a honest_a freeholder_n some_o of_o which_o be_v no_o better_o than_o plebeians_z and_o therefore_o this_o authority_n alone_o especial_o as_o it_o be_v strengthen_v by_o those_o other_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n which_o i_o have_v cite_v absque_fw-la dolo_fw-la et_fw-la malo_fw-la ingenio_fw-la evince_n to_o i_o that_o he_o or_o they_o who_o put_v out_o the_o second_o part_n of_o sir_n spelman_n glossary_a do_v not_o do_v right_a to_o his_o memory_n in_o represent_v he_o affirm_v that_o the_o plebs_fw-la the_o ingenuitas_fw-la or_o liberi_fw-la et_fw-la legales_fw-la homines_fw-la as_o he_o himself_o tell_v we_o the_o word_n ingenuus_fw-la have_v ancient_o be_v use_v be_v no_o where_o among_o the_o several_a council_n which_o he_o have_v read_v of_o mention_v to_o have_v be_v there_o from_o the_o entrance_n of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o end_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o the_o word_n to_o this_o purpose_n which_o i_o conceive_v be_v put_v upon_o he_o be_v these_o sine_fw-la ut_fw-la sodes_fw-la dicam_fw-la collegisse_fw-la i_o centenas_fw-la reor_fw-la comitiorum_fw-la edictiones_fw-la tenoresque_fw-la 1664._o plurimorum_fw-la ab_fw-la ingressu_fw-la gulielmii_fw-la ad_fw-la excessum_fw-la henrici_fw-la 3._o existentium_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o tantâ_fw-la multitudine_fw-la de_fw-la plebe_fw-la uspiam_fw-la reperisse_fw-la aliquid_fw-la indeed_o notice_n be_v take_v of_o those_o council_n where_o be_v optimates_fw-la et_fw-fr barones_n totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o of_o that_o famous_a assembly_n at_o salisbury-plain_a of_o the_o barones_n et_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la militibus_fw-la in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o summons_n of_o william_n the_o first_o the_o positiveness_n of_o the_o assertion_n be_v restrain_v with_o a_o ni_fw-fr in_o his_o dilituerit_n but_o what_o doubt_n can_v be_v make_v of_o those_o word_n whereby_o they_o be_v express_o mention_v and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o true_a sir_n henry_n spelman_n i_o be_o not_o yet_o aware_a of_o finis_fw-la errata_fw-la page_n 3._o l._n 16._o r._n tzurick_n for_o tours_n p._n 5._o margin_n r._n contemporaneo_fw-la p._n 8._o l._n 12._o for_o william_n read_v hugh_n p._n 9_o l._n 9_o r._n attendance_n p._n 10._o l._n 7._o add_v laici_fw-la before_o omnes_fw-la p._n 12._o l._n 29._o join_v a_o to_o part_v p._n 17._o l._n 4._o r._n fuerat_fw-la p._n 25._o l_o 6._o add_v est_fw-fr de_fw-fr before_o antiquo_fw-la l._n 7._o deal_n est_fw-fr de_fw-fr p._n 27._o marg_n r._n hil._n for_o mich._n p._n 35._o l._n 3._o add_v è_fw-fr before_o tota_fw-la p._n 40._o l._n 22._o r._n illuc_fw-la l._n 19_o r._n knight_n for_o knight_n p._n 45._o last_v l._n r._n antequam_fw-la p._n 47._o l._n 4._o deal_n comma_n after_o sheriff_n l._n 15._o r._n vias_fw-la l._n 19_o deal_n s_o after_o knight_n p._n 53._o l._n 28._o make_v a_o comma_n after_o king_n title_n l._n 29._o r._n election_n p._n 60._o l._n 28._o add_v be_v after_o that_o p._n 63._o l._n 18._o r._n of_o for_o in_o p._n 64._o l._n 14._o put_v a_o comma_n after_o only_a p._n 65._o l._n 15._o r._n it_o be_v p._n 66._o l._n 7._o put_v a_o comma_n after_o nobility_n l._n 10._o after_o londoner_n make_v a_o comma_n so_o