a Negative Voice in Parliament but must pass the Laws agreed on by the Lords and Commons He assures them that the form of Parliament there is nothing inclined to Popularity For about twenty days before the Parliament begins Proclamation is made throughout the Kingdom that all Bills to be exhibited that Session be delivered to the Master of the Rolls by a certain day Then they are brought to the King perused and considered by him and only such as he allows are put into the Chancellors hand to be propounded that Parliament and no other And if any man speak of any other Matter than is in this Form first allowed by him the Chancellor tells him that there is no such Bill allowed by the King And when they are past for Laws he ratifies and confirms them first racing out what he doth not approve of And if this be to be called a Negative Voice in Parliament then he hath one For the Vnion betwixt the French and the Scots which makes this Vnion so incompetible he assures them it was a League only made between the Kings not the People For Scotland being solicited by England and France at one Time for a League Offensive and Defensive against each others Enemies There was a great Disputation maintained in favour of England that they being our Neighbours joyned in one Continent a strong and Powerful Nation it would be more Security to the State of Scotland to joyn in Amity with England than with France divided by the Sea where they must abide the hazard of wind and weather and other Accidents that might hinder relief But on the contrary it was alledged in the favour of France That England ever sought to conquer Scotland and therefore there would never be kept any sound Amity Whereas France lying more remote claimed no interest and therefore would be found a more constant and faithful Friend so it was concluded on their Part. But by the Tenour it was ordered to be renewed and confirmed from King to King successively by the mediation of their Ambassadors and therefore merely personal And so it was renewed in the Queen his Mothers time but not by assent in Parliament which it could not have wanted if it had been a League of the People And in the Kings Time when it came to be ratified because it appeared to be in Odium Tertii it was by him left un-renewed in consideration of his Title to the Crown MARIA IACOBI SCOTORVM REGIS FILIA SCOTORVMQVE NVNC REGINA HONORATISS DNê° THOMAS EGERTONUS BARO DE ELLESMER ANGLIAE CANCELLAriê° This urged with asseveration might have wrought much with the Parliament but that they apprehended a great inconvenience in such an Vnion where the Laws and Government are of different natures All were not Romans that were born subjects to the Roman Empire though St. Paul was born one the Centurion was a purchaser For notwithstanding all the former Arguments by the King and his Ministers the Parliament knew that it is true That if Scotland had been Conquered the only way to tie them to obedience were to let them taste the sweets of English Liberties But to let them sit Triumphing upon their own priviledges and roam about among the English Freedoms were to make them straggle too much The Scots would not lessen nor in the least derogate from the dignity of their long continued Monarchy and the English thought they had no reason to come to them to derogate from themselves The Parliament only feared the Kings Power would have such an influence upon the Iudges of the Kingdom that the Scots would be naturalized too soon they were resolved not to be accessary to it which indeed some two years after was confirmed in Calvins case of post-nati reported by the Lord Chief Justice Cook who was fit metal for any stamp Royal and adjudged by him the Lord Chancellor Ellesmere and most of the Judges of the Kingdom in the Exchequer-Chamber though many strong and valid Arguments were brought against it such Power is in the breath of Kings and such soft stuff are Judges made of that they can vary their Precedents and model them into as many shapes as they please And thus this Case stood like a Statue cloathed by the Lord Chief Justice in the vulgar Language when the rest of his Reports spoke an unknown Tongue that the Kingdom might take more particular notice that the Scots were as free in England as themselves yet it fell not out to their wishes But all that could be gotten from the Parliament was That the Laws of hostility that were anciently made betwixt England and Scotland were repealed that the old grudges which caused the Dis-union the War in the members might be taken away And in the said Act they provided That if a natural born subject of England did commit any misdemeanour in Scotland and sly into England he should be tried where he was taken and not carried into Scotland to receive his judgment there Till such time which are the very words of the Act as both Kingdoms shall be made one in Laws and Government which is the thing so much desired as that wherein the full perfection of the blessed Vnion already begun in the Kings Royal person consisteth And further they went not For they found and feared the old enmity would yet a while continue for since the Kings coming into England the loose and uncomposed Borderers that lived upon rapine and spoil seeking new benefits from new changes had broke out and committed many insolencies who though they were suppressed by the Forces of Barwick and Carlile and many of them suffered in it yet custom and habit had bred in them a natural Ferity which could only be restrained by giving freedom to the Laws that within a short time gave bound to that barbarous animosity The Laws made in Scotland to the prejudice of the English were likewise repealed there so that all passages were made smooth on both sides This Session also produced divers good Laws for the benefit of the Common-wealth But this Session brought in no money that is as the blood of the Subject which He as a wise Physician would not strain from them the ordinary way lest the sense of it should bring the more fears and faintings with it but by laying on little Burthens at first he not only inured them to bear greater but made them sweat out some of that humor insensibly though they felt it afterward when they found the weight laid upon their shoulders only as they conceived to daub other mens with bravery For the Kings Bounty was seen by the vulgar eye to overflow in many little Rivulets who knew the golden streams that out-faced the Sun came not from the Norths cold climate but were drained out of the fountains of their labor They could not endure to see their fellow Subjects grow fat by what should be their nourishment Collecting that the King had received three hundred and fifty thousand
pounds subsidies due to the late Queen besides what the Parliament had given him And fearing that Proclamations who were indeed very active Ministers would now become Laws ushering in the Kings will with large strides upon the peoples Liberties who lay down while they stept over them The ingenious sort sensible of this incroaching Monarchy brake out into private murmur which by degrees being of a light nature carried a Cloud with it by which the wise Pilots of the State foreseeing a Storm gathering strive to dissipate it the next Session of Parliament which was held the nineteenth of February in the seventh year of our Kings Reign Thomas Sackville Earl of Dorset Not long after this the Earl of Dorset Lord High Treasurer died suddenly as he sate at the Council Table which gave occasion to some persons disaffected to him as what eminent Officer that hath the managing of Moneys can please all to speak many things to his Dishonour But they considered not that besides the Black worm and the White day and night as the Riddle is that are gnawing constantly at the root of this tree of Life there are many insensible Diseases as Apoplexies whose Vapors suddenly extinguish the Animal Spirits and Apostems both in the upper and middle Region of Man that often drown and suffocate both Animal and Vital who are like imbodyed Twins the one cannot live without the other if the Animal Spirits fail the Vital cannot subsist if the Vitals perish the Animal give over their operations And He that judges ill of such an Act of Providence may have the same hand at the same time writing within the Palace walls of his own Body the same Period to his Lives earthly Empire The Earl of Salisbury succeeded him a man nourished with the milk of Policy under his father the Lord Burley famous for Wisdom in his Generation a Courtier from his infancy Batteld by Art and Industry under the late Queen mother of her Country Though Nature was not propitious to his Outside being Crooked backt She supplied that want with admirable indowments within This man the King found Secretary and Master of the Wards and to these he added the Treasurers staff knowing him to be the staff of his Treasury For he had knowledg enough to pry into other Mens Offices aswell as his own and knew the ways of disbursing the Kings moneys The Earl of Northhampton he made Lord Privy Seal and these were the two prime wheels of his triumphant Chariot The Earl of Suffolk was made Lord Chamberlain before but he came far behind in the management of the Kings affairs being a Spirit of a more Grosser Temper fitter to part a fray and Compose the differences of a disordered Court than a Kingdom Upon the Shoulders of the two first the King laid the Burthen of his business For though he had many Lords his Creatures some by Creation and some by insinuation for Kings will never want supple-hand Courtiers and the Bishops being his Dependents the most of them tending by direct Lines towards him as the Center of their advancement so that He like the Supreme Power moved this upper Region for the most part and that had an influence upon the lower in inferior Orbs yet these two noble Men were the two great Lights that were to discover the Kings mind to the Parliament and by whose Heat and Vigor the blessed fruits of Peace and Plenty should be produced The Lord Treasurer by a Command from the King instructs both Houses in their business and what they shall do well to insist upon this Session First To supply his Majesties wants Secondly To ease the people of their Grievances They go commonly yoakt together for the peoples Grievances are the Kings Wants and the Kings Wants are the peoples Grievances How can they be separated If the King will always want the people will always suffer For Kings when they do want lay commonly lawless impositions on the people which they must take off again with a sum of money and then they want again to a continued vicissitude These two Propositions are sweetned by him with a third Which is to make the Parliament witnesses of those great favours and honours that his Majesty intended his Royal Son Prince Henry in creating him Prince of Wales Which though the King might do without a Parliament and that divers Kings his Predecessors had done so as by many precedents was manifested yet being desirous to have a happy Vnion betwixt him and his People he would have nothing resound ill in their ears from so eminent an instrument to the Kingdoms good as his Son Then they excuse the Kings necessities proceeding from his great disbursements For the three hundred and fifty thousand pounds Subsidies due in the late Queens time he received with one hand and paid her Debts with another redeeming the Crown Lands which she had morgaged to the City He kept an Army of nineteen thousand men in Ireland for some time a foot wherein a great many of the Nobility were Commanders and other deserving Soldiers that would have been exposed to want and penury if not supplied And it was not safe for the King to trust the inveterate malice of a new reconciled Enemy without the Sword in his hand The late Queens Funeral Charges were reckon'd up which they hoped the Parliament would not repine at Nor was it fit the King should come in as a private Person bringing in one Crown on his head and finding another here or his Royal Consort with our future Hopes like so many precious Ienels exposed to Robbers without a Guard and Retinue How fit was the Magnificence at the King of Denmarks being here And how just that Ambassadors from Foreign Princes more than ever this Crown received should find those Entertainments and Gratuities the want whereof would put a dim lustre abroad upon the most sparkling Jewels of the Crown Besides the necessary Charge of sending Ambassadors to others being concurrent and mutual Civilities among Princes That these are the causes of the Kings wants and not his irregular Bounty though a magnificent mind is inseparable from the Majesty of a King If he did not give his subjects and servants would live in a miserable Climate And for his Bounty to those that were not born among us it must be remembred he was born among them and not to have them taste of the blessing he hath attained were to have him change his Vertue with his Fortune Therefore they desire the Kings wants may be supplied a thing easie to be granted and not to be valued by Wise-men nor spoken of without contempt Philosophy saith that all Riches are but food and rayment the rest is nugatorium quiddam And that it is but purior pars terrae and therefore but crassior pars aquae a thing unworthy the denial to such a King who is not only the wisest of Kings but the very Image of an Angel that hath brought good
into a Coffin and bury him privately on Tower-Hill Concluding That God is gracious in cutting off evil Instruments before their time Which Sentence while he was writing it reflected the judgment on himself For Northampton having a great influence in the Kingdom being a prime Counsellor to the King and intimate with Somerset they two grasping all Power and Northampton having the better head to manage it the miscarriages were not without cause imputed to him For being a Papist he did not only work upon Somerset to pervert him by letting him see there was a greater latitude for the Conscience in that Religion but got him to procure many immunities for the Papists as the Kings best affected Subjects And being Lord Warden of the Cinque-Ports he gave free access to Priests and Iesuits that abundantly flockt again into the Kingdom the operation of the last Proclamation having now lost the vertue And a Letter being discovered which he had written to Cardinal Bellarmine wherein he expresses the condition of the Times and the Kings importunity compelled him to be a Protestant in shew yet nevertheless his heart stood firm with the Papists and if there were cause he would express it with much more to this purpose These things first muttered then urged against him touched him to the heart so that he retired disposed of his Estate and dyed He had a great mind tending towards eminent things which he was the better able to effect by living a Batchelor to an old Age being always attended and he loved it with Gentlemen of Quality to whom he was very bountiful His affections were also much raised to Charity as by the Almshouse he erected appears and his Works shew him to be a great getter But leaving no Issue to propagate his name he built a fair House by Charing-cross to continue it which it lost soon after his death being called Suffolk-house for a time and now is Northumberland-house Such changes there are in the Worlds measures His Body was carried to be buried at Dover because he was Warden of the Cinque-Ports as was reported by some of his Followers but it was vulgarly rumored to be transported to Rome But these actions of his about Overbury lying dormant made no great noise at this time against him but when they broke out they laid upon his name as great a stench as Infamy or Oaium could produce SUFFOLK HOUSE CHARING CROSS The Spaniards the first discoverers being more covetous to grasp than well able to plant took possession of the most precious places so that the English French and Dutch caught but what they left Sir Walter Rawleigh and others after Sir Francis Drake found out that Country now called Virginia which was long since planted with a Colony And in that tract of Land more Northerly within the degrees of 40 and 48 of latitude lies New-England a Climate temperate and healthful but not so much as the Old It is rather a low than a high Land full of Rocky-Capes or Promontories The Inmost parts of the Country are Mountainous intermixt with fruitful Vallies and large Lakes which want not store of good Fish The Hills are no where Barren though in some places Stony but fruitful in Trees and Grass There are many Rivers fresh Brooks and Springs that run into the Sea The Rivers are good Harbors and abound with plenty of excellent Fish yet are they full of Falls which makes them not Navigable far into the Land The Seas bordering the Shores are studded with Islands about which great Shoals of Fishes Cod Haddock and such like do wantonly sport themselves The main Land doth nourish abundance of Deers Bears Wolves and a beast called Moose peculiar to those Regions and the Rivers and Ponds are stored with some Beavers Otters and Musquashes There are also divers kinds of small Beasts but the most offensive are Foxes Fowls there are store in their several seasons as Turkies Geese and Ducks and the soyl naturally produces wild Vines with very large Bunches of Grapes but the extremity of heat and cold hinder their just temper There are many other Fruits which are very good with Plants whose Rinds or Barks transcends our Hemp or Flax both Air and Earth concurring to bring forth most things that Industry and Art can provide for the use of man The first that sent a Colony into this Country was the Lord Chief Justice Popham in the year 1606. A man highly renowned in his time for persecuting such as transgressed the Laws among Christians living like Beasts of prey to the prejudice of Travellers And in this he had a special aim and hope also to establish Christian Laws among Infidels and by domestical to chace away those ferous and indomitable Creatures that infested the Land Brave and gallant spirits having ever such publick ends But Planters are like Alchymists they have something in projection that many times fails in production It is conceived the Romans were not well advised to settle one of their first Colonies at Maldon in Essex whose soyl about is neither yet sound nor Air salubrious And the first opening of ground in a Climate not Natural hath an extraordinary operation upon the Bodies of Men whose Senses must comply to give entertainment to a Stranger that often spoils the place where it finds Hospitality For the first Planters of New-England having seated themselves low few of them were left to direct those that succeeded in a better way Yet People by dear experience overcame it by degrees being yearly supplied by men whose industry and affections taught them there was more hope to find safety in New-England than in the Old Though these found some stop yet our great Favourite the Earl of Somerset and his business runs smoothly without rub since Overburies death But he must alter his Bias and go less or find some new ways to bring in Monies the Revenues of the Crown are not competent to maintain such vast Expences accumulated by his Riot though he had all the Earl of Westmorelands Lands at his Marriage and Creation added to his Earldom There must be therefore a new Order of Baronets made in number two hundred that must be next Degree to Barons and these must pay a thousand pound a piece for their Honour having it by Patent under the great Seal and continued to Posterity with the Title of Knights Some of these new Honourable men whose Wives pride and their own Prodigalities had pumpt up to it were so drained that they had not moisture to maintain the radical humour but wither'd no nothing This money thus raised is pretended for planting the North of Ireland but it found many other Chanels before it came to that Sea And though at our Kings first access to the Crown there was a glut of Knights made yet after some time he held his hand left the Kingdom should be cloyed with them And the World thriv'd so well with some that the price was afterwards brought
and a Faction in the State The first Author of the Schism was Arminius of the Faction Barnevelt Persons of great parts and power though of different natures The one had been Divinity-Professor at Leyden the other the Manager of all the great affairs of the State Distempers in Kingdoms and States are like madness in bodies which doth not break out till some accident doth stir the humor Arminius dyed just upon the beginning of the Treaty which was in the year 1609. Leaving behind him the seeds of this Pelagian Heresie which though it were cherished much by some in whose bosomes he had sown it yet happily it might never have taken root had not Peace and Ease manured it and made it fruitful The Mysteries of Predestination and the ineffable Essence of God Quaetremenda admiranda sunt sed non scrutanda to use our King 's own words which are to be trembled at and admired not pried into are the great Theme Such intuitions are too high for flesh and blood Yet what will not Pragmatical spirits do when they proudly look into Divine things with the Eye of Reason not humbly with the Eye of Faith Rombout Hogerbeets pensionaris der Stad Leyden But long before this time our King saw the Storm coming upon them For in the year 1611 he forewarns the State telling them that by the unhappy succession of two such Prodigies in one Sphere as Arminius and Vorstius some dreadful mischief would succeed For Arminius was no sooner dead but those that drew on the Design had an eye on Vorstius his Disciple to make him Divinity-Professor in his place which the King hearing of and having read some of Vorstius blasphemous Writings sends to his then Ambassador Sir Ralph Winwood Resident there to let the State know that Vorstius rather deserved punishment than promotion that the head of such a Viper should be trod upon and crushed that was likely to eat his way through the bowels of the State And if they nevertheless would persist to prefer him he would make known to the World publickly in Print how much he detested such abominable Heresies and all allowers and tolerators of them The Ambassador urging the King's desires they returned a long Answer in justification of Vorstius First That the Curators of the University of Leyden according to their duty and the ancient custom ever since the foundation of that University having diligently made inquiry for some Doctor to be chosen in the place of Divinity-Professor there at that time void after mature deliberation they made election of Conradus Vorstius to that place Which Election and Calling was countermined presently after by certain persons to whose Office or Disposal the business did nothing at all belong who charged the said Vorstius with unsoundness of Doctrine whereupon the Curators thought fit with the good liking of Vorstius himself that both at Leyden and at the Hague he should appear in his own justification to answer all Accusers which he did and there came none to charge him But not long after six Ministers undertook to prove That Vorstius had published false Doctrine who being heard in a full Assembly of the States of Holland and Westfrizeland they could by their Arguments find no reason why the Execution of what was done by the Curators lawfully ought to be hindred or impeached And they do assuredly believe that if his Majesty of Great Britain were well informed of the true Circumstances of this business he would according to his high wisdom and prudence conceive favourably of them they proceeding in this business with all reverence care and respect to his Majestie 's serious admonition Dated at the Hague 1 Octob. 1611. The King seeing which way the States went by the print of the footing that Vorstius had set among them caused his Books publickly to be burned in Paul's Church-yard and both the Universities And not giving it over writes to them again to be mindful of the glory of God and not suffer such scan dalous members to remain in the body of the true Reformed Church that maintain such execrable Blasphemies as to deny the Eternity and Omnipotency of God Therefore he desires them so much to mind the glory of God and their own honour and safety as to extirpate such Atheisms and Heresies But if they suffer such pestilent Hereticks to nestle among them who dare take upon them the licentious liberty to fetch again from Hell ancient Heresies long since condemned and invent new ones of their own to the depravation of the true Catholick Church he should be constrained publickly to protest against them Dated at Theobalds 6 Octob. 1611. Sir Ralph Winwood represented this Letter to the States and finding them cold and backward in proceeding any further against Vorstius according to the King's Directions to him he made this Remonstrance to them My Lords JACOBUS ARMINIUS S. S. TH. DOCT. ET PROFESS NATUS OUDEWATRIAE MDLX DENAT LUGD. BATAV MDCIX AETAT XLIX Qui nunc per altas aurei caeli domos Regnat beatus et suo junctus Deo Humana celsus spernit ac nescit simul Sic. Hospes ora magnus ARMINIUS tulit Caelare mores atque dotes ingeni Doctumque pectus quod fuit sed heu Fuit Manus nequivit artifax et quid manus Effere cum non lingua non stylus queant These are in part the opinions of that great Divine who is chosen to domineer in the Chair at Leyden In opposition whereunto I mean not to say any thing but that which the Roman Orator did once pronounce in the like Case Mala est impia consuetudo contra Deum disputandi sive serio id fit sive simulaté It is an evil and wicked Custom to dispute against God whether it be in earnest or in jest Now my Lords I address my self unto you and according to the Charge which I have received from the King my Master I conjure you by the amity that is betwixt his Kingdoms and your Provinces to awaken your Spirits and to have a careful eye at this Assembly of Holland which is already begun ne quid Respublica detrimenti capiat that the Commonwealth take no harm which undoubtedly at one time or other will be turned upside down if you suffer such a dangerous Contagion to harbour so near you and not remove it as soon as possibly you may The Disciples of Socinus with whose Doctrine Vorstius hath been suckled in his Childhood do seek him for their Master and are ready to embrace him Let him go he is a Bird of their own feather Et dignum sanè patellâ operculum A fit Cover for such a Dish On the other side the Students in Divinity at Leyden to the number of six and fifty by a dutiful Remonstrance presented unto the States of Holland the sixteenth of October the last year being 1610. did most humbly beseech the said States not to use their authority in compelling them to receive a Professor
but what is their great Errand to get Money If they touch upon miscarriage in Government it disparages him to his people for now the inside of his Copses are well grown again If upon Religion he knows well enough how to order that if the Treaty with Spain goes on And for the affairs of State he seems to imply as if there were some hidden and secret Art in those Mysteries of King-craft that the Parliaments apprehension cannot reach For who can have wisdom saith he to judge of things CAESAR BORGIA VALENtiorum Dux Cum pater ad summos Romae esset vectus honores Borgaei toto Praesulvt orbe foret Purpuraei donat gnato huic insigne galèri Quod tamen hoc tantum respuit ille decus Cum ferabella sequi mallet Veneremâ— nefandam Et sratrâ—m è â—ediâ— tolleret suum of that Nature but those that are traded in them Every man in his Profession So the Priests by their old Oracles did strive to keep the World in ignorance as the Romish Factors do now Whereas the true way of Treaties is with Christian not Machiavelian policy This we require this answer we expect you shall have this Retribution from Us. If you go about to cozen and cheat Us by delays and spin out time for ends such Syrens must not be listened after Every State must stand upon the foundation of its own Reason and Power and not build Castles of paper Hopes upon deceitful promises unless there be such redundant Causes of dependency upon them as it is impossible to subsist without them It was observed by Comines that in all Treaties betwixt the English and the French the English ever had the worst but in all Wars and Conflicts the English had the better intimating that Subtilâ—y may deceive but plain down-right Honesty is best and will prevail Falsness is fit for such spirits as Pope Alexander or his Nephew Caesar Borgia Scipio though a Heathen in his pactions with Spain and Carthage scorned it and the old Roman Senate were so Gallant as to rebuke Lucius Marcius their Ambassador and General because in the managing of his Wars and Treaties with Perseus King of Macedon he went about by subtilties to circumvent him And now an Ambassador as one saith lyes abroad Reipublicae causa for the good of his Countrey which tends rather to the hurt of it But now they find that the King would only make Merchandize of the Common-wealth yet Merchants look for their Money again with advantage and therefore their Counsel in disposing it may be well spared But the Parliament it they raise Money from the People which is never to be repayed there is good reason they should know not only to what purpose it is levied but how prudently and sitly laid out otherwise as the King tells them in the comparison of the Robber though in relation to his Prerogative if they should be summoned to levy Money of the people without consideration of what it is for or how it shall be disposed for the good of the Kingdom they may very well say and protest That they meant not to take it from them so that is not to rob them of it But the King's necessities must come under the Common Emergencies which he would not have known and what will one Subsidy without fifteens do The Protestants want in the Palatinate so doth he in England But he had lately a great assistance from his People never King of England found greater love as he saith of himself yet he wants still and would have supply for it under the notion of a War They must consider what Money is fit what Foot what Horse necessary but they must not know for what All that they can imagine is that the King wants Money for his Favourite Buckingham and his kindred to furnish them against Christmas for feasting gaming and bravery the three main pillars of the Times licentiousness raised up to a stupendious and excessive height or to send out his Ambassadors or help his indigent and expensive Courtiers and then the Wars are ended for Want is a great War But if the good of the Kingdom the establishment of Religion the happiness of the King and his Posterity be not fit Themes for them to discourse of why are they called The late Queen whose memory will be for ever famous by the King 's own relation liked the Parliaments Petition well when they humbly besought her to marry because they did not prescribe her place and person but left that to her Election if they had done otherwise She would have thought it presumption in them The King thinks it presumption in the Parliament humbly to beseech him for the good of Religion to permit his Son to marry with a Protestant Princess if they had fixt upon place or person he would have thought it High Treason So many degrees high was the King's spirit mounted above a Woman's to humble Subjects and so many degrees lower then Hers was his Spirit to daring Enemies Some of these things were publickly discoursed of among them in the House and other-some muttered and talkt of in private for full breasts will find vent but the main business that the Commons insisted on was the King's incroachment upon their Liberties debarring them freedom of speech in Parliament which was a Natural Reasonable and uncontroul'd immunity as long as they kept themselves within the limits of their duty which the House was to be the sole judge of And who can tax any particular Member with miscarriages that way that the house hath not Censured hitherto for now the heat is but new broke in among them and this liberty of speech stuck most with them for if any man should speak any thing to displease the King though it tended never so much to the good of the Kingdom it might be termed insolent behaviour and be liable to punishment after Parliament if not then as the King threatens in his Letter which carried such a Terror and over-awing with it that they resolved to give over all business left they should offend Which the King hearing of writes again to his Secretary Calvert and the Speaker to take off the edge of those sharp expressions he used in his Letters thinking to cool the heat among them But before this heat was in the House of Commons the Lords began to consider how cheap they were made by the multitude of Irish and Scotch Earls and Viscounts the King had accumulated not the Natives of those Kingdoms but private English Gentlemen who had procured and assumed those Titles to perch above the English Baronry to their great regret and dishonour And after some debate and canvassing in it they resolved That though they could not debar the King from making such swarms of Nobles with Outlandish Titles yet they would let him know what prejudice it was to them and if it produced no other good effect the King might at least see they took offence and
Canterbury knowing that a Toleration was to be admitted though he stood tottering in the King's Favour and had the Badg of a Puritan clapt upon him thought it better to discharge his Conscience though he hazarded all rather than be silent in such a Cause where the Glory of God and the Good of the Kingdom were so higly concerned Therefore he writes this letter to the King May it please your Majesty I Have been too long silent and am afraid by my Silence I have neglected the Duty of the Place it hath pleased God to call me unto and your Majesty to place me in And now I humbly crave leave I may discharge my Conscience towards God and my Duty to your Majesty And therefore I beseech your Majesty give me leave freely to deliver my self and then let your Majesty do with me what you please Your Majesty hath propounded a Toleration of Religion I beseech you Sir take into your consideration what the Act is next what the consequence may be By your Act you labour to set up that most Damnable and Heretical Doctrine of the Church of Rome the Whore of Babylon How Hateful will it be to God and grievous unto your good Subjects the true Professors of the Gospel that your Majesty who hath often disputed and learnedly written against those wicked Heresies should now shew your self a Patron of those Doctrines which your Pen hath told the World and your Conscience tels your Self are Superstitious Idolatrous and Detestable Add hereunto what you have done in sending the Prince into Spain without the consent of your Council the Privity and Approbation of your People And though Sir you have a large Interest in the Prince as the Son of your Flesh yet hath the people a greater as the Son of the Kingdom upon whom next after your Majesty their Eyes are fixed and Welfare depends And so tenderly is his going apprehended as believe it Sir however his return may be safe yet the drawers of him to that Action so dangerous to himself to desperate to the Kingdom will not pass away unquestioned and unpunished Besides this Toleration which you endeavour to set up by Proclamation cannot be done without a Parliament unless your Majesty would let your Subjects see That you will take unto your self a liberty to throw down the Laws of the Land at your Pleasure What dreadful Consequence these things may draw after them I beseech your Majesty to consider And above all lest by this Toleration and discontinuance of the true profession of the Gospel whereby God hath blessed us and under which this Kingdom hath for many years flourished your Majesty do not draw upon the Kingdom in general and your Self in particular God's heavy Wrath and Indignation Thus in discharge of my Duty towards God to your Majesty and the place of my Calling I have taken humble Boldness to deliver my Conscience And now Sir do with me what you please Thus did our Solomon in his latter time though he had fought with the Beasts at Ephesus as one saith of him incline a little too much to the Beast Yet he made his tale so good to the Archbishop of Canterbury what reservations soever he had that he wrought upon the good old man afterwards in the Conclusion of the work to set his Hand as a Witness to the Articles And his desires were so heightned to the Heats of Spain which boyl'd him to such a Distemper that he would listen to nothing and almost yield to any thing rather than not to enjoy his own Humour Divers of his intimate Council affecting Popery were not slack to urge him to a Toleration and many Arguments were used inciting to it As that Catholicks were the King 's best and most peaceable Subjects the Puritans being the only Sticklers and the greatest Disturbers of the Royal peace trenching too boldly upon the Prerogative and striving to lessen the Kingly power But if the King had occasion to make use of the Catholicks he should find them more faithful to him than those that are ever contesting with him And why should not Catholicks with as much safety be permitted in England as the Protestants are in France That their Religion was full of Love and Charity where they could enjoy it with freedom and where Charity layes the Foundation the upper Building must needs be spiritual But these Arguments were answered and many reasons alledged against them proving the Nature of the Protestant Religion to be Compatible with the Nature of the Politick Laws of any State of what Religion soever Because it teacheth that the Government of any State whether Monarchial or Aristocratical is Supream within it self and not subordinate to any power without so that the Knot of Allegiance thereunto is so firmly tied that no Humane power can unloose or dissolve it Whereas on the contrary the Roman Religion acknowledging a Supremacy in another above that power which swayeth the State whereof they are Members must consequently hold that one stroke of that Supreme power is able to unsinew and cut in sunder all the Bonds which ty them to the Subordinate and Dependent Authority And therefore can ill accord with the Allegiance which Subjects owe to a Prince of their own Religion which makes Papists intolerable in a Protestant Common-wealth For what Faith can a Prince or People expect from them whose Tenet is That no Faith is to be held with Hereticks That the Protestants in France had merited better there than the Papists had done in England the one by their Loyalties to their lawful King having ransomed that Kingdom with their Bloods in the Pangs of her desperate Agonies from the Yoak of an Usurper within and the Tyranny of a Forain Scepter without The other seeking to write their Disloyalties in the Heart-Blood of the Princes and best Subjects of this Kingdom That the Number and Quality of the Professors of these different Religions in either Kingdom is to be observed For in France the Number of the Protestants were so great that a Toleration did not make them but found them a Considerable Party so strong as they could not have been suppressed without endangering the Kingdom But a Toleration in England would not find but form the Papists to be a considerable party witness their encrease by this late Connivency a thing which ought mainly to be avoided For the distraction of a State into several powerfull parties is alwaies weakning and often proveth the utter ruine thereof These thing were laid open to the King but all were waved by the King of Spain's Offering His engagement to the Pope by oath That he and the Prince his son should observe and keep the Articles stipulated betwixt them did exceedingly affect him And the Articles now coming to close up all they were ingrossed with a long preamble Declaring to all the World the much desired Union betwixt him and the King of Spain by the marriage of his son to
perfection in his excellent and incomparable History but when Liberty turned it to Action it taught him to roam so as the event proved fatal to him This Conspiracy put on such a face that few or none could discover or know what to make of it That the muddy waters were stirr'd was apparent but it was with such a mixture that little could be visible in it The Lord Grey Cobham and Sir Walter Rawleigh were Protestants why should they strive to alter Religion though the Priests Markham Bainham and others might But it seems they joyned together in a Politick way every one intending his own ends Discontent being the Ground-work upon which they built this slight Superstructure A great mischiefe intended to the Kings Majestie at his first entrance into the Kingdome of England before his Coronation Watson Clark Priests administring Oaths of secresie and applanding the project It came to nothing by Gods mercy The Kings Majesties clemency towards the Conspiratours after judgment past upon them No treason in England attempted but had a Romish Priest in the practise Watson Seducing Noblemen that being hudled together could not stand long Rawleigh's greatest Accuser was a Letter of Cobhams which some say after he denyed to be his hand Some of the Conspirators it may be desired to seem formidable venting their Anger so for being slighted others strove to make themselves so that they might have the glory of enlarging the Roman Power and they joyned together thinking their single strength would not prevail In this Cloud looking for Iuno they begot a Monster which having neither head nor foot some part lived the other dyed While these were provoked with Neglects others were incouraged with Favours Many of the Gentry that came out of Scotland with the King were advanced to Honours as well as those he found here to shew the Northern soyl as fruitful that way as the Southern But Knights swarmed in every corner the Sword ranged about and men bowed in obedience to it more in Peace than in War this Airy Title blew up many a fair Estate The Scots naturally by long converse affecting the French Vanity drew on a Garb of Gallantry meeting with a plentiful soyl and an open-handed Prince The English excellent for imitation loth to be exceeded in their own Country maintained their follies at their own charge All this came accompanied with a great Plague which hapned this year in London whereof above thirty thousand dyed Yet who will not venture for a Crown For in the heat of it on the five and twentieth of Iuly being the day dedicated to Saint Iames the King with his Wife Queen Anne were both crowned at Westminster fulfilling that old Prophecy or rather Fancy current among the Scots as they report before Edward the first brought the Royal Chair out of Scotland with the Stone in it and placed it at Westminster to Crown our Kings in Which Stone some old Saws deliver to be the same that Iacob rested his head on Ni fallat Fatum Scoti hunc quocunque locatum Inveniunt lapidem Regnare tenentur ibidem Englished Fate hath design'd That wheresoe'r this Stone The Scots shall find There they shall hold the Throne But how the Stream of Time runs through the Chanel of these Prophetical Fancies experience shews For 't is true if the Scots came so near the Throne as to enjoy the Stone or Chair where the English Kings are Inaugurated they may hold the Crown But being only grounded upon Conjecture these Conceits are commonly made up before they are half moulded or like Abortives are shaped after they are born When these Ceremonies were past the King retired from this croud of Infection gave some admission to Ambassadors that from all the neighbouring Princes and States came to congratulate his happy Inauguration For besides the ordinary Ceremony among Princes their Reason might tell them that if his Predecessors were able to graple with the growing Monarchy of him that coveted to be Vniversal and to assist and relieve her Neighbours and Confederates from his oppression He would be much more formidable bringing with him if nothing else Bodies of men Warlike and industrious hardned with cold and labour and active in the difficultest attempts however of late by what Divine Judgment I know not utterly disheartned to be Helpers who were formerly Hinderers to all the English Expeditions so that in him they courted their own Conveniences For certainly if ever the English Monarchy were in its true Glory and Greatness it was by this Union But there is a Period set to all Empires The Prince a little before this was installed Knight of the Garter the Earl of Southampton and the young Earl of Essex were restored to the right of Blood and Inheritance and Honours were conferred so thick as if the King intended a new kind of Conquest by a proceeding that tended to their and his own Ruin For to subdue the greatness of the Nobility who formerly could sweep such a Party of People to them with their long trains and dependencies that they were able to graple with Kings He by a multiplicity of them made them cheap and invalid in the Vulgar opinion For nothing is more destructive to Monarchy than lessening the Nobility upon their decline the Commons rise and Anarchy increases HONORAT Do CAROL BLVNT CO DEVON BA R MOVNTIOY The RIght honourable CHARLES BLVNT Earle of Deuon Baron Mountioy and Knight of the Garter As the Papist was different from the Protestant Religion on one side so was the Puritan as they then called pious and good men on the other both which were active to attain their own ends and the King had the command of himself not bitterly to oppose but gently to sweeten their hopes for His thinking himself unsecure betwixt them The latter were now solicitous for a more clear Reformation This the Bishops opposed as trenching too much upon them and the King listen'd to having experience of it in Scotland how much it had incroached upon Him For He thought their dissenting from the established Government of the Church was but to get that Power into a great many mens hands which was now but in one and that one had dependance upon him with whom He might better grapple The Prelates distilling this Maxim into the King No Bishop no Monarch so strengthning the Miter by the same Power that upholds the Crown Yet to satisfie the importunity a Conference is appointed at Hampton-Court where the Bishops Opponents Doctor Reynolds Doctor Sparks Mr. Knewstubs and Mr. Chadderton men eminent in Learning and Piety in themselves as well as in the opinion of the people did desire in the name of the rest of their party That the Doctrine of the Church might be preserved in Purity That good and faithful Pastors might be planted in all Churches That Church-Government might be sincerely administred That the Book of Common-Prayer might be fitted to more increase of Godliness Out
of some of these Particulars they insisted upon the Bishops power of Confirmation which they would have every Minister capable of in his own Parish They disputed against the Cross in Baptism the Ring in Marriage the Surplice the Oath ex officio and other things that stuck with them which they hoped to get all purged away because the King was of a Northern constitution where no such things were practised not yet having felt the Kings pulse whom the Southern Air of the Bishops breaths had so wrought upon that He himself answers most of their Demands Sometimes gently applying Lenitives where he found Ingenuity for he was Learned and Eloquent other times Corrosives telling them these Oppositions proceeded more from stubborness in Opinion than tenderness of Conscience and so betwixt his Arguments and Kingly Authority menaced them to a Conformity which proved a way of Silencing them for the present and some of them were content to acquiesce for the future and the King managed this Discourse with such power which they expected not from him and therefore more danted at That Whitgift Arch. Bishop of Canterbury though a holy grave and pious man highly pleased with it with a sugred bait which Princes are apt enough to swallow said He was verily perswaded that the King spake by the Spirit of God This Conference was on the fourteenth of Ianuary and this good man expired the nine and twentieth of February following in David's fulness of days leaving a Name like a sweet perfume behind him And Bancroft a sturdy piece succeeded him but not with the same Spirit for what Whitgift strove to do by Sweetness and Gentleness Bancroft did persevere in with Rigour and Severity Thus the Bishops having gotten the Victory strove to maintain it and though not on the suddain yet by degrees they press so hard upon the Non-conformists whom they held under the yoke of a Law that many of them are forced to seek Foreign Refuge They prevailed not only for themselves here but by their means not long after the King looked back into Scotland and put the Keys there again into the Bishops hands unlocking the passage to the enjoyment of their Temporal Estates which swel'd them so high that in his Sons time the Women of Scotland pulled them out of their tottering seats On the other side the late Conspiracy of Cobham and Grey had so chilled the Kings blood that he begins to take notice of the swarms of Priests that flockt into the Kingdom For though the Conspirators were of several Religions yet in their correspondence with Foreign Princes Religion was the pretence For in every alteration of Kingdoms few are so modest but they will throw in the Hook of their vain Hopes thinking to get something in the troubled Stream The Iesuits were not slack coming with the Seal of the Fisher in spreading their Nets but a Proclamation broke through them The King being contented to let them alone till they came too near him willing to comply rather than exasperate the safety of his own person made him look to the safety of Religion and to secure both He found this the best Remedy Declaring to all the World the cause of this Restriction VINVIT QVI PATITVR OBIIT ANNO AETATIS SVAE 73 Having after some time spent in setling the Politick affairs of this Realm of late bestowed no small labour in composing certain Differences We found among Our Clergy about Rites and Ceremonies heretofore established in this Church of England and reduced the same to such an order and form as We doubt not but every spirit that is led only with piety and not with humour should be therein satisfied It appeared unto Us in debating these Matters that a greater Contagion to Our Religion than could proceed from these light differences was eminent by persons common Enemies to them both namely the great numbers of Priests both Seminaries and Iesuits abounding in this Realm as well of such as were here before Our coming to the Crown as of such as have resorted hither since using their Functions and Professions with greater liberty than heretofore they durst have done partly upon a vain confidence of some Innovation in matters of Religion to be done by Us which We never intended nor gave any man cause to suspect and partly from the assurance of Our general Pardon granted according to the Custom of Our Progenitors at Our Coronation for offences past in the days of the late Queen which Pardon 's many of the said Priests have procured under Our Great Seal and holding themselves thereby free from danger of the Laws do with great audacity exercise all offices of their Profession both saying Masses and perswading Our Subjects from the Religion established reconciling them to the Church of Rome and by consequence seducing them from their Duty and Obedience to Us. Wherefore We hold Our self obliged both in Consequence and Wisdom to use all good means to keep Our Subjects from being affected with superstitious Opinions which are not only pernicious to their own souls but the ready way to corrupt their Duty and Allegiance which cannot be any way so safely performed as by keeping from them the Instruments of that infection which are Priests of all sorts ordained in Foreign parts by Authority prohibited by the Laws of the Land concerning whom therefore We have thought fit to publish to all Our Subjects this open Declaration of Our pleasure c. Willing and Commanding all manner of Iesuits Seminaries and other Priests whatsoever having Ordination from any Authority by the Laws of this Realm prohibited to take notice that Our pleasure is that they do before the nineteenth of March next depart forth of Our Realm and Dominions And to that purpose it shall be lawful for all Officers of Our Ports to suffer the said Priests to depart into Foreign parts between this and said nineteenth day of March Admonishing and assuring all such Iesuits Seminaries and Priests of what sort soever that if any of them after the said time shall be taken within this Realm or any of Our Dominions or departing now upon this Our pleasure signified shall hereafter return into this Our Realm or any of Our Dominions again they shall be left to the penalty of the Laws here being in force concerning them without hope of any favour or remission from Us c. Which though perhaps it may appear to some a great severity towards that sort of Our Subjects yet doubt We not when it shall be considered with indifferent judgment what cause hath moved Us to use this Providence all men will justifie Us therein For to whom is it unknown into what peril Our Person was like to be drawn and Our Realm unto Confusion not many Months since by Conspiracy First conceived by persons of that sort Which when other Princes shall duly observe We assure Our selves they will no way conceive that this alteration proceedeth from any change of disposition but out of
providence to prevent the perils otherwise inevitable Considering their absolute submission to Foreign Iurisdiction at their first taking Orders doth leave so conditional an authority to Kings over their Subjects as the same Power by which they were made may dispense at pleasure with the strictest Bond of Loyalty and Love between a King his People Among which Foreign Powers though We acknowledg Our self personally so much beholden to the now Bishop of Rome for his kind Offices and private temporal Carriages towards Us in many things as We shall be ever ready to requite the same towards him as Bishop of Rome in state and condition of a Secular Prince Yet when we consider and observe the course and Clame of that See We have no reason to imagine that Princes of Our Religion and Profession can expect any assurance long to continue unless it might be assented by mediation of other Christian Princes that some good course might be taken by a general Council free and lawfully called to pluck up those Roots of Dangers and Iealousies which arise about Religion as well between Prince and Prince as between them and their Subjects and to make it manifest that no State or Potentate either hath or can challenge power to dispose of earthly Kingdoms or Monarchies or to dispense with Subjects obedience to their natural Soveraigns In which charitable Action there is no Prince living that will be readier than We shall be to concur even to the uttermost of Our Power not only out of particular disposition to live peaceably with all States and Princes of Christendom but because such a setled Amity might by an Union in Religion be established among Christian Princes as might enable Us all to resist the common Enemy Given at Our Palace at Westminster the two and twentieth day of February in the first year of Our Reign c. This did something allay the heat and hopes of the Iesuits and their correspondents but it made way for dark and more secret Contrivances which afterwards they put in practice On the contrary another Proclamation came out for Vniformity in Religion according to the Law established to reduce those to Conformity that had not received satisfaction at the last Conference The Bishops thought themselves unsecure while so many opposites unblameable in their conversations by their Pens and Preaching gained upon the people striking at the very Root of Hierarchy that it was a hard Question whether the Iesuits whose Principles would advance their Greatness or these that would pluck it down were most odious to them And now Proclamations are the activest Agents some go abroad to please the people some the King All Monopolies like diseases that crept in when the good old Queen had not strength enough to keep them out must be purged away and such protections as licentious liberty had granted to hinder proceedings in Law must be taken off Saltpeter-men that will dig up any mans house by authority where they are not well fee'd must be restrained and Purveyors Cart-takers and such insolent Officers as were grievances to the people must be cryed down by Proclamation A Prince that is invited or comes newly to a Kingdom must have his Chariot wheels smooth shod And yet the liberty of Hunting must be forbidden the Kings Game preserved and a strict Proclamation threatens the disobeyers Indeed take this Kings Reign from the beginning to the end and you shall find Proclamations current Coin and the people took them for good payment a great while till the multitude of them lessened their valuation The Bishops could not be so wary but some Courtier or other would commend a Preacher to the King if they knew any of excellent parts so that some preached before him that were averse to the Bishops ways Among the rest one Mr. Burges an excellent Preacher and a pious man moderately touching upon the Ceremonies said They were like the Roman Senators Glasses which were not worth a mans life or livelihood For saith he this Senator invited Augustus Caesar to a Dinner and as he was coming to the Feast he heard a horrid Out-cry and saw some company drawing a man after them that made that noise the Emperor demanded the cause of that violence it was answered their Master had condemned this man to the Fish-ponds for breaking a Glass which he set a high value and esteem upon Caesar commanded a stay of the Execution and when he came to the House he asked the Senator whether he had Glasses worth a mans life Who answered being a great lover of such things that he had Glasses he valued at the price of a Province Let me see them saith Augustus and he brought him up to a room well furnished The Emperor saw them beautiful to the eye but knew withal they might be the cause of much mischief therefore he broke them all with this expression Better all these perish than one man I will leave it saith he to your Majesty to apply But the Bishops got this and some other things against him by the end and silenced him for venting any more such comparisons So that for many years after he practised Physick and grew an excellent Physician Put upon second considerations he was admitted again to Preach retaining both his Piety and Integrity though he writ a book for the moderate use of the Ceremonies ending his days in a good old age at Sutton Cofeld in Warwick-shire after a journey into the Palatinate as shall be exprest in its time The fifth of August this year had a new title given to it The Kings Deliveries in the North must resound here Whether the Gowries attempted upon the Kings person or the King on theirs is variously reported It may be he retained something of his Predecessor and great Parent Henry the seventh that made Religion give way to Policy oftentimes cursing and thundring out the Churches fulminations against his own Ministers that they might be received with the more intimate familiarity with his Foreign Enemies for the better discovery of their designs I will not say the celebration of this Holy-day had so much Prophaneness for Fame may be a slanderer But where there is a strength of Policy there is often a power of worldly wisdom that manages and sways it The King forgot not the services there done him or the secret contrivances acted for him for Erskin and Ramsey two of his then deliverers were not long after rewarded with wealth and honour the one made Earl of Kellie the other Earl of Holderness the first prime Gentleman of the Bed-Chamber to the King and second got to his Bedfellow one of the prime Beauties of the Kingdom daughter to Robert Earl of Sussex and both of them had their Masters purse at command yet in our time the one died poor with many children the other poor and childless The Kings first going abroad was privately to visit some of his houses for naturally he did not love to be looked on
and those formalities of State which set a lustre upon Princes in the peoples eyes were but so many burthens to him for his private recreations at home and his hunting exercises abroad both with the least disturbance were his delights While he remained in the Tower he took pleasure in baiting Lions but when he came abroad he was so troubled with swarms that he feared to be baited by the people And the Parliament now drawing on which was summoned to be the nineteenth of March The King with the Queen and Prince four days before rode from the Tower to Whitehall the City and Suburbs being one great Pageant wherein he must give his ears leave to suck in their gilded Oratory though never so nauseous to the stomach He was not like his Predecessor the late Queen of famous memory that with a well-pleased affection met her peoples Acclamations thinking most highly of her self when she was born up on the wings of their humble supplications He endured this days brunt with patience being assured he should never have such another and his triumphal riding to the Parliament that followed But afterwards in his publick appearances especially in his sports the accesses of the people made him so impatient that he often dispersed them with frowns that we may not say with curses So various are the natures of Princes and their actions so remarkable that he may pass for a good man that will not pass for a good Prince The Speech he made to the Parliament both Houses being met and the first cannot be waved though it be somewhat long and printed in his own Works By the crisis and constitution of it the temper of his mind may be discovered For if ever he spake really to his Parliament it was then And I shall not comment upon it For I know Princes are made of those frail Elements that other men are but this much I will say He had strong abilities in some things that did dignifie the doer of them and in other things such weaknesses as would have much advanced his Wisdom to have left undone But if worldly Greatness and Glory may well make Princes more loth to leave them than they that have less we must give them some allowance of fear to lose them The Speech was to this effect It did no sooner please God to lighten his hand and relent the violence of his devouring Angel against the poor people of this City but as soon I did resolve to call this Parliament and that for three chief and principal Reasons The first whereof is and which of it self although there were no more is not only a sufficient but a most full and necessary Ground and Reason for convening of this Assembly the first Reason I say is That you who are here present assembled to represent the Body of this whole Kingdom and of all sorts of people within the same may with your own ears hear and that I out of my own mouth may deliver unto you the assurance of my due thankfulness for your so joyful and general applause to the declaring and receiving of me in this Seat which God by my Birth-right and lineal Descent had in the fulness of time provided for me and that immediately after it pleased God to call your late Soveraign of famous memory full of days but fuller of immortal Trophies of Honour out of this transitory life Not that I am able to express by Words or utter by Eloquence the vive Image of my own inward thankfulness but only that out of my own mouth you may rest assured to expect that measure of thankfulness at my hands which is according to the infiniteness of your deserts and to my inclination and ability for requital of the same Shall I ever nay can I ever be able or rather so unable in memory as to forget your unexpected readiness and alacrity your ever memorable resolution and your most wonderful conjunction and harmony of your hearts in declaring and imbracing me as your undoubted and lawful King and Governour Or shall it ever be blotted out of my mind how at my first entry into this Kingdom the people of all sorts rid and ran nay rather flew to meet me Their eyes flaming nothing but sparkles of affection their mouths and tongues uttering nothing but sounds of joy their hands feet and all the rest of their members in their gestures discovering a passionate longing and earnestness to meet and imbrace their new Soveraign Quid ergo retribuam Shall I allow in my self that which I could never bear with in another No I must plainly and freely confess here in all your audiences that I did ever naturally so far mislike a tongue too smooth and diligent in paying their Creditors with lip-payment and verbal thanks as I ever suspected that sort of people meant not to pay their Debtors in more substantial sort of coin And therefore for expressing of my thankfulness I must resort unto the other two Reasons of my convening of this Parliament by them in action to utter my thankfulness Both the said reasons having but one ground which is the deeds whereby all the days of my life I am by Gods grace to express my said thankfulness unto you but divided in this That in the first of these two mine actions of thanks are so inseparably conjoyned with my person as they are in a manner become individually annexed to the same In the other reason mine actions are such as I may either do them or leave them undone although by Gods grace I hope never to be weary of the doing them As to the first it is the Blessings which God hath in my Person bestowed upon you all wherein I protest I do more glory at the same for your weal than for any particular respect of my own reputation or advancement therein The first then of these Blessings which God hath joyntly with my person sent unto you is Outward Peace that is Peace abroad with all Foreign Neighbours For I thank God I may justly say that never since I was a King I either received wrong of any other Christian Prince or State or did wrong to any I have ever I praise God yet kept Peace and Amity with all which hath been so far tyed to my person as at my coming here you are witnesses I found the State imbarked in a great and tedious War and only by mine arrival here and by the Peace in my person is now Amity kept where War was before which is no small blessing to a Christian Common-wealth For by peace abroad with their neighbours the Towns flourish the Merchants become rich the Trade doth increase and the People of all sorts in the Land enjoy free Liberty to exercise themselves in their several vocations without peril or disturbance Not that I think this Outward peace so unseparably tied to my Person as I dare assuredly promise to my self and to you the certain continuance thereof But thus far I
can very well assure you and in the Word of a King promise unto you that I shall never give the first occasion of the breach thereof neither shall I ever be moved for any particular or private passion of mind to interrupt your publick peace except I be forced thereunto either for reparation of the honour of the Kingdom or else by necessity for the weal and preservation of the same In which case a secure and honourable War must be preferred before an unsecure and dishonourable peace Yet do I hope by my experience of the by past blessings of peace which God hath so long ever since my birth bestowed upon me that he will not be weary to continue the same nor repent him of his grace towards me transferring that sentence of King Davids upon his by past Victories of War to mine of peace That that God who preserved me from the devouring jaws of the Bear and of the Lion and delivered them into my hand shall now also grant me Victory over that uncircumcised Philistine But although outward peace be a great blessing yet it is as far inferiour to peace within as Civil Wars are more cruel and unnatural than Wars abroad And therefore the second great blessing that God hath with my Person sent unto you is Peace within and that in a double form First by my dedescent lineally out of the loyns of Henry the seventh is re-united and confirmed in me the Vnion of the two Princely Roses of the two Houses of Lancaster and York whereof that King of happy memory was the first Vniter as he was also the first ground-layer of the other peace The lamentable and miserable events by the civil and bloody dissension betwixt these two Houses was so great and so late as it need not be renewed unto your memories which as it was first setled and united in Him so it is now re-united and confirmed in Me being justly and lineally descended not only of that happy conjunction but of both the Branches thereof in any Times before But the Union of these two Princely Houses is nothing comparable to the Union of the two ancient and famous Kingdoms which is the other Inward peace annexed to my Person And here I must crave your patience for a little space to give me leave to discourse more particularly of the Benefits that do arise of that Vnion which is made in my blood being a matter that belongeth most properly to me to speak of as the Head wherein that great Body is united And first if we were to look no higher than to Natural and Physical Reasons we may easily be perswaded of the great Benefits that by this Vnion do redound to the whole Island for if twenty thousand men be a strong Army is not the double thereof forty thousand a stronger Army If a Baron enricheth himself with double as many Lands as he had before is he not double the greater Nature teacheth Vs that Mountains are made of Motes and that at first Kingdoms being divided and every particular Town or little Country as Tyrants or Usurpers could obtain the possession of a Signory apart many of these little Kingdoms are now in process of Time by the Ordinance of God joyned into great Monarchies whereby they are become powerful within themselves to defend themselves from all Outward invasions and their Head and Governour thereby enabled to redeem them from Foreign Assaults and punish private transgressions within Do we not yet remember that this Kingdom was divided into seven little Kingdoms besides Wales And is it not now the stronger by their Vnion And hath not the Vnion of Wales to England added a greater strength thereto Which though it was a great Principality was nothing comparable in greatness and power to the antient and famous Kingdom of Scotland But what shall we stick upon any Natural appearance when it is manifest that God by his Almighty Providence hath pre-ordained it so to be Hath not God first united these two Kingdoms both in Language and Religion and similitude of Manners Yea hath he not made Vs all in one Island compassed with one Sea and of it self by Nature so indivisible as almost those that were borderers themselves on the late Borders cannot distinguish nor know or discern their own Limits These two Countries being separated neither by Sea nor great River Mountain nor other strength of Nature but only by little small Brooks or demolished little Walls so as rather they were divided in apprehension than in effect and now in the end and fulness of time united the right and title of both in my Person alike lineally descended of both the Crowns whereby it is now become a little World within it self being intrenched and fortified round about with a natural and yet admirable strong Pond or Ditch whereby all the former fears of this Nation are quite cut off The other part of the Island being ever before now not only the Place of Landing to all Strangers that were to make Invasion here but likewise moved by the Enemies of this State by untimely Incursions to make inforced diversion from their Conquests for defending themselves at home and keeping sure their Back-door as then it was called which was the greatest hindrance and Let my Predecessors of this Nation ever had in disturbing them from their many famous and glorious Conquests abroad What God hath conjoyned then let no man separate I am the Husband and all the whole Island is my lawful Wife I am the Head and it is my Body I am the Shepherd and it is my Flock I hope therefore no man will be so unreasonable as to think that I that am a Christian King under the Gospel should be a Polygamist and Husband to two Wives that I being the Head should have a divided and monstrous Body or that being the Shepherd of so fair a Flock whose Fold hath no wall to sence it but the four Seas should have my Flock parted in two But as I am assured that no honest Subject of whatsoever degree within my whole Dominions is less glad of this joyful Vnion than I am so may the frivolous objection of any that would be hinderers of this Work which God hath in my Person already established be easily answered which can be none except such as are either blinded with ignorance or else transported with malice being unable to live in a well-governed Common-wealth and only delighting to fish in troubled waters For if they would stand upon their reputation and privileges of any of the Kingdoms I pray you were not both the Kingdoms Monarchies from the beginning And consequently could ever the Body be counted without the Head which was ever unseparably joyned thereunto So that as the honour and priviledges of any of the Kingdoms could not be divided from their Sovereign so are they now confounded and joyned in my Person who am equal and alike kindly Head to both When this Kingdom of England was divided
That Place is no Place for you to utter your Affections in you must not there hate your foe nor love your friend fear the offending of the greater party or pity the misery of the meaner ye must be blind and not see distinctions of Persons handless not to receive Bribes but keep that just Temper and Medium in all your Proceedings that like a just Ballance ye may neither sway to the right hand nor to the left Three principal Qualities are required in you Knowledg Courage and Sincerity that you may discern with Knowledg execute with Courage and do both in upright Sincerity And for my part I do vow and protest here in the presence of God and of this Honourable Audience I never shall be weary nor omit occasion wherein I may shew my carefulness of the Execution of good Laws And as I wish you that are Iudges not to be weary in your Office in doing of it so shall I never be weary with Gods grace to take account of you which is properly my calling And thus having told you the three causes of my Convening of this Parliament all three tending only to utter my thankfulness but in divers forms the first by word the other two by action I do confess that when I have done and performed all that in this Speech I have promised Inutilis servus sum When I have done all that I can for you I do nothing but that which I am bound to do and am accountable to God for the contrary For the difference betwixt a Rightful King and an Usurping Tyrant is this That the proud and ambitious Tyrant doth think his Kingdom and People are ordained for satisfaction of his desires and unreasonable appetite The righteous and just King doth by the contrary acknowledg himself to be ordained for procuring the wealth and prosperity of his People and that his greatest and principal worldly felicity must consist in their prosperity If you be rich I cannot be poor if you be happy I cannot but be fortunate and I protest that your welfare shall ever be my greatest care and contentment And that I am a Servant is most true that as I am a Head and Governour of all the People in my Dominions who are my Natural Vassals and Subjects considering them in numbers and distinct ranks So if we will take the People as one Body and Mass then as the Head is ordained for the Body and not the Body for the Head so must a righteous King know himself to be ordained for his People and not his People for Him For although a King and his People be Relata yet can he be no King if he want People and Subjects But there be many People in the World that lack a Head wherefore I will never be ashamed to confess it my Principal Honour to be the great Servant of the Common-wealth and ever think the Prosperity thereof to be my greatest felicity as I have already said But as it was the whole Body of this Kingdom with an uniform assent and harmony which did so far oblige me so is my thankfulness due to the whole State For even as in Matter of faults Quod à multis peccatur impunè peccatur even so in the Matter of virtuous and good deeds which are done by the willing Consent and Harmony of the whole Body no particular Person can justly claim thanks as proper to him for the same And therefore I must here make a little Apologie for my self in that I could not satisfie the particular humours of every Person that looked for some Advancement or Reward at my hand since my entry into this Kingdom Three kinds of things were craved of me Advancement to honour Preferment to place of Credit about my Person and Reward in Matters of Land or Profit If I had bestowed Honour upon all no man could have been advanced to Honour for the Degrees of Honour do consist in preferring some above their Fellows If every man had the like access to my Person then no man could have it and if I had bestowed Lands and Rewards upon every man the Fountain of my Liberality would have been so exhausted as I should want Means to be liberal to any man Yet was I not so sparing but I may without Vaunting affirm that I have enlarged my favour in all the three Degrees towards as many and more than ever King of England did in so short a space No I rather crave your pardon that I have been so bountiful For if the means of the Crown be wasted whither should I have recourse but to you my Subjects and be burthensome to you which I should be lothest to do of any King alive Two special Causes moved me to be so open-handed whereof the one was reasonable and honourable but the other I will not be ashamed to confess unto you proceeded of my own infirmity That which was Just and Honourable was that being so far beholden to the Body of the whole State I thought I could not refuse to let some small Brooks run out of the Fountain of my Thankfulness to the whole for refreshing of particular Persons that were Members of that Multitude The other which proceeded out of mine own Infirmity was the Multitude and importunity of Suters But although Reason come by infusion in a manner yet Experience groweth with time and labour And therefore do I not doubt but Experience will teach the particular Subjects of this Kingdom not to be so importune and undiscreet in craving and Me not to be so easily and lightly moved in granting that which may be harmful to my Estate and consequently to the whole Kingdom And thus at length having declared unto you my mind My Conclusion shall only now be to excuse my Self in case you have not found such Eloquence in my Speech as peradventure you might have looked for at my hands I might alledg the great weight of my Affairs and my continual business and distraction that I could never have leisure to think upon what I was to speak And I might also alledg that my first sight of this so Famous and Honourable an Assembly might likewise breed some impediment But leaving these excuses I will plainly and freely in my manner tell you the true Cause of it which is That it becometh a King in my opinion to use no other Eloquence than plainness and sincerity By plainness I mean that his Speeches should be so clear and void of all ambiguity that they may not be thrown nor rent in sunder in contrary senses like the old Oracles of the Pagan gods And by Sincerity I understand that uprightness and honesty which ought to be in a Kings whole Speeches and Actions that as far as a King is in Honour erected above any of his Subjects so far should he strive in Sincerity to be above them all and that his tongue should be ever the true Messenger of his heart And this sort of Eloquence you may ever assuredly look
for at my hands Thus the Beams of Majesty had an influence upon every branch and leaf of the Kingdom by reflecting upon the Root their Representative Body every particular expecting what fruit this Sun-shine would produce striving as much to insinuate into him as he did into the general so that there was a Reciprocal Harmony between the King and the People because they courted one another But when the Kings Bounty contracted it self into private Favourites as it did afterwards bestowing the affection he promised the whole people upon one man when the golden showers they gaped for dropt into some few chanels their passions flew higher than their hopes The Kings aims were to unite the two Kingdoms so that the one might corroborate the other to make good that part of his Speech by this intermixtion wherein he divides England and Scotland into halves But the English stumbled at that partition thinking it an unequal division and fearing that the Scots creeping into English Lordships and English Ladies Beds in both which already they began to be active might quickly make their least half the predominant part But he was Proclaimed King of Great Britain England must be no more a Name the Scotish Coyns are made currant and our Ships must have Saint Georges and Saint Andrews Crosses quartered together in their Flags all outward Ensigns of Amity But those English that had suckt in none of the sweets of this pleasant Stream of Bounty repined to see the Scots advanced from blew Bonnets to costly Beavers wearing instead of Wadmeal Velvet and Satin as divers Pasquils written in that Age Satyrically taunted at Which is not set down here to vilifie the Scots being most of them Gentlemen that had deserved well of their Master but to shew how cross to the publick Appetite the Hony-comb is that another man eats But the King like a wise Pilot guided the Helm with so even an hand that these small gusts were not felt It behoved him to play his Master-prize in the Beginning which he did to the life for he had divers opinions humours and affections to grapple with as well as Nations and 't is a very calm Sea when no billow rises The Romanists bogled that he said in his Speech They were unsufferable in the Kingdom as long as they maintained the Pope to be their Spiritual Head and He to have power to dethrone Princes The Separatists as the King called them were offended at that Expression wherein he professed willingly if the Papists would lay down King-killing and some other gross errors he would be content to meet them half way So that every one grounded his hopes or his fears upon the shallows of his own fancy not knowng yet what course the King would steer But these sores being tenderly dealt with did not suddenly fester but were skinned over The King desirous of the Title Pacificus did not only close with his own Subjects but healed up also that old wound that had bled long in the sides of England and Spain both being weary of the pain both willing to be cured The King of Spain sent the Constable of Castile with a mighty Train of smooth-handed Spaniards to close up the wound on this side where the old Enmity being well mortified they were received with singular Respect and Civility The King of England sent his High Admiral the Earl of Notingham with as splendid a Retinue of English to close it on that Who being Personages of Quality accoutred with all Ornaments suitable were the more admired by the Spaniards for beauty and excellency by how much the Iesuits had made impressions in the vulgar opinion That since the English left the Roman Religion they were transformed into strange horrid shapes with Heads and Tails like Beasts and Monsters So easie it is for those Iuglers when they have once bound up the Conscience to tye up the Vnderstanding also EARL OF NOTTINGHAM GEORGE CAREW EARL OF TOTNES And to satisfie the Kings desires about an Vnion betwixt England and Scotland the Parliament made an Act to authorise certain Commissioners viz. Thomas Lord Ellesmere Lord Chancellor of England Thomas Earl of Dorset Lord Treasurer of England Charles Earl of Notingham Lord High Admiral of England Henry Earl of Southampton William Earl of Pembroke Henry Earl of Northampton Richard Bishop of London Tobie Bishop of Duresme Anthony Bishop of Saint Davids Robert Lord Cecil Principal Secretary Edward Lord Zouch Lord President of Wales William Lord Mounteagle Ralph Lord Eure Edmund Lord Sheffeild Lord President of the Council in the North Lords of the Higher House of Parliament And Thomas Lord Clinton Robert Lord Buckhurst Sir Francis Hastings Knight Sir Iohn Stanhope Knight Vice-Chamberlain to his Majesty Sir Iohn Herbert Knight second Secretary to his Majesty Sir George Carew Knight Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen Sir Thomas Strickland Knight Sir Edward Stafford Knight Sir Henry Nevill of Berk-shire Knight Sir Richard Bukley Knight Sir Henry Billingsley Knight Sir Daniel Dun Knight Dean of the Arches Sir Edward Hobby Knight Sir Iohn Savile Knight Sir Robert Wroth Knight Sir Thomas Chaloner Knight Sir Robert Maunsel Knight Sir Thomas Ridgeway Knight Sir Thomas Holcroft Knight Sir Thomas Hesketh Knight Atturney of the Court of Wards Sir Francis Bacon Knight Sir Lawrence Tanfield Knight Serjeant at Law Sir Henry Hubberd Knight Serjeant at Law Sir Iohn Bennet Doctor of the Laws Sir Henry Withrington Sir Ralph Grey and Sir Thomas Lake Knights Robert Askwith Thomas Iames and Henry Chapman Merchants Knights Citizens and Burgesses of the House of Commons or any eight of the said Lords and twenty of the said Commons Which Commissioners shall have power to assemble meet treat and consult with certain select Commissioners to be nominated and authorised by Authority of the Parliament of Scotland concerning such Matters Causes and things as they in their Wisdoms shall think and deem convenient and necessary for the honour of the King and common good of both Kingdoms Yet the good intentions of this Vnion took no effect as will follow in the sequel of this History But there were a great many good Laws made which are too voluminous for this place having a proper Sphere of their own to move in Thus the King sate triumphing as it were upon a Throne of his Peoples Affections and his beginnings had some settlement for being loth to be troubled he sought Peace every-where But our inbred distempers lay upon the Lee intermixt with other gross dregs that the Princes lenity and the Peoples luxury produced For the King minding his sports many riotous demeanours crept into the Kingdom the Sun-shine of Peace being apt for such a production upon the slime of the late War The Sword and Buckler trade being now out of date one corruption producing another the City of London being always a fit Receptacle for such whose prodigalities and wastes made them Instruments of Debaucheries divers Sects of vitious Persons going under the
or lump That in the state of the Church among People of several languages and lineages there is a Communion of Saints and we are all fellow-Citizens and Naturalizants of the Heavenly Ierusalem and yet divers Ecclesiastical Laws Policies and Hierarchies for the Laws are rather Figura Republicae than Forma rather bonds of Perfection than Intireness That in Ireland Iersey Gâ—rnsey and the Isle of Man our Common Laws are not in force and yet they have the benefit of Naturalization To which it was replyed that these are only Flourishes of Rhetorick for God who is the only Disposer of all his Creatures keeps them in Order and Obedience to Him by a Law which they cannot deviate from unless he withdraws his preserving Hand from them But betwixt Man and Man or Realm and Realm there can be no such Tie or Obligation to hold an Vnity where they have various Laws and various Priviledges And for the immunities given to the Irish for some Ages past they were English Colonies sent there to plant being a great part of them Natives with us of the same blood and stock with whom we are ingrafted by Time and made as it were one Body the better to secure their obedience and hinder any League or Amity with a Foreign Nation But Scotland hath an intire Vnion with the French continued for some hundreds of years that is indissolvable and therefore incompetent yet to the freedoms of England When we have had as much experience of the Friendship of Scotland as of them we shall incline to a more intimate Vnion Besides there is an inequality in the Portunes of the two Nations and by this Commixture there may ensue advantage to them and loss to us To the latter part was answered Beatius est dare quà m accipere And Edward the First among other Commendations of War and Policy none was more celebrated than his purpose and enterprize for the Conquest of Scotland as not bending his Designs to glorious Acquests abroad but solid strength at home which if it had succeded could not but have brought in those inconveniences of the Commixture of a more opulent Kingdom with a less for it is not the yoke either of Laws or Arms that can alter the nature of the Climate or the nature of the Soil neither is it the manner of the Commixture that can alter the nature of the Commixture and therefore if it were good for us then it is good for us now and not to be prized the less because we paid not so dear for it They strive further to prove That the benefit of Naturalization is by Law to as many as have been or shall be born since the Kings coming to the Crown for there is no more than to bring the Ante-nati unto the degree of Post-nati that Men grown may be in no worse case than Children and elder Brothers in no worse condition than younger Brothers That if any object the Law is not so but that the Post-nati are Aliens as the rest it is contrary to the Reason of Law The Wisdom of the Common Laws of England is admirable in distribution of the Benefit and Perfection of the Law according to the several conditions of Persons The Degrees are four two of Aliens and two of Subjects The first Degree is of an Alien born under a King or State that is an Enemy if such an one come into the Kingdom without safe conduct it is at his peril the Law giveth him no protection neither of Body Lands nor Goods so as if he be slain there is no remedy by any appeal at the Parties sute though she were an English Woman though at the Kings sute the Case may be otherwise in regard of the offence to the Peace and Crown The second Degree is of an Alien that is born under Faith and Allegiance of a King or State that is a Friend unto such a Person the Law doth impart a greater benefit and protection concerning things personal transitory and moveable as Goods and Chattels Contracts and the like but not concerning Free-hold and Inheritance and the Reason is because he may be an Enemy though he be not for the State where he was born may enter into Hostility and therefore as the Law hath but a Transitory assurance of him so it rewards him with Transitory benefits The third Degree is of a Subject who having been an Alien is made free by Charter and Denization To such a one the Law doth impart yet a more ample benefit for it gives him a power to purchase Free-hold and Inheritance to his own use and likewise inables his Children born after his Denization to inherit But yet he cannot make Title or convey any Pedigree from any Ancestour Paramount for the Law thinks not good to make him in the same Degree with a Subject born because he was once an Alien and so might have been an Enemy and Affections cannot be so setled by any benefit as when from their Nativity they are inbred and inherent The fourth Degree and the perfect Degree is of such a Person as neither is Enemy nor can be Enemy in time to come nor would have been Enemy at any time past and therefore the Law gives unto him the full benefit of Naturalization Now if these be the true steps and paces of the Law no man can deny but whosoever is born under the Kings obedience never could in aliquo puncto temporis be an Enemy and therefore in reason of Law is Naturalized So though the Scots seem to be in Reason Naturales ipso jure yet it is not superfluous to have it done by Parliament for it will shew the World our love to them and good agreement with them Then they shewed by authority of History and Experience the Inconveniencies that may grow if this Vnion of Naturalization doth not close and bind up the Veins so as to make it one perfect Body For else it may be apt to open and break out again upon all occasions and relapse to the detriment of both Ripping up ancient Stories of the Romans and Latines and the Wars they had meerly for want of this Vnion and never were at quiet till they injoyed it Then between the Peloponnesians and the Spartans the like And from ancient Stories to the Kingdom of Arragon and Castile united in the Persons of Ferdinando and Isabella severed and divided from the rest of Spain in Priviledges and directly in this point of Naturalization or capacity of Inheritance But what came of this A Rebellion grew among them which a Royal Army with difficulty suppressed and they being made one incorporated Body with the rest of Spain perpetuated Peace to Posterity The like example was betwixt Florence and Pisa. And whatsoever Kingdoms and States have been United and that Vnion corroborated by the Bonds of Naturalization you shall never observe them afterward upon any occasion to break or sever again Whereof divers Provinces in France by time annexed to that Crown are
further witnesses So that except they proceed to this Naturalization these Realms will be in continual danger to divide and break again Next they shew the Benefits to be Security and Greatness Surety by stopping up the Postern-gates of our Enemies so that we shall not be so much a temptation to the ambition of Foreigners when their Approaches and Avenues are taken away For having so little success when they had these advantages they will have less comfort when they want them And Greatness by this Vnion must needs follow For having so many Iron-handed men in these three Kingdoms we shall not only pluck Gold from the once poor Spaniards Indian-mines but by our Arms keep in awe the whole Christian World These Arguments prest with gilded Oratory by the Solicitor and his partakers could not prevail though urged with all the power Wit could invent or Hope aim at For being new budded in Court he was one of those that smoothed his way to a full ripeness by liquâ—rish and pleasing passages which he at last attained to being made Lord Chancellor of England But such sweets though delightful at present breed rottenness in the end for he withered and came to nothing as in due time shall be expressed But the King like a great Sea being troubled when such cross-winds are boistrous sent for both Houses of Parliament to White-hall hall the last of March 1607. to calm them where betwixt a Sun-shine of fair Words and a Cloud of Anger he colours over some of the Arguments that had been used and urges others for his best advantage with a plain natural bluntness fit for Kings He tells them the Vnion he desires is of Laws and Persons such a Naturalizing as may make one Body of both Kingdoms that as there is but Vnus Rex so there may be but Vnus Grex Vna Lex His intention is not as some idly alledg to give England the labour and sweat and Scotland the fruit and sweet vainly talking of transplanting Trees out of barren ground into better and lean Cattle out of bad pasture into a more fertile soyl Can any man displant them unless they will Or is Scotland so strong to pull them out of their houses Whereas the waste grounds in Scotland would rather be planted by Swarms of People that cumber the Streets here First He desires that all Hostile Laws should cease being the King of England cannot make War with the King of Scotland Secondly That there should be Community of Commerce he being no Stranger but descended of their ancient Kings and how can he be Natural Liege-Lord to both and they Strangers to one another And shall they that be under the same Allegiance be no freer nor have no better Respect than Frenchmen and Spaniards Thirdly They all agree they are no Aliens and yet will not allow them to be Natural That he was informed by their own Iudges and Lawyers at his first access to the Crown that there was a difference between the Ante and Post-nati of each Kingdom which caused him to publish a Proclamation that the Post-nati were Naturalized by his accession but he confesses Iudges may err so may the Lawyer 's on their side Therefore he admonishes them to beware to disgrace either his Proclamations or the Iudges for so they may disgrace both their King and Laws who have power when the Parliament is ended to try them both for Lands and Lives And for some of them who with their flattering speeches would have the Ante-nati preferred alledging their merit in my service such Discourses have mel in ore fel in corde carrying an outward appearance of love to the Vnion but a contrary resolution in their hearts For the King would have them know it lies within the compass of his Prerogative to prefer whom he pleases to any Dignity Civil or Ecclesiastical But he is so far from prejudicing the English that he is willing to bind himself to reasonable Restrictions Besides it is a special Point of the Kings Prerogative to make Aliens Citizens and in any case wherein the Law is thought not to be clear Rex est Iudex for he is Lex loquens supplying the Law where it wants But this he speaks as knowing what belongs to a King not intending to press it further than may agree with their loves and stand with the conveniency of both Nations The inconveniences supposed to arise from Scotland are pretended to be 1. An evil affection in the Scots to the Vnion 2. That the Vnion is incompetible 3. That the Gain is small or none If this be so Why is there talk of an Vnion For the first They alledg the averseness of the Scots from the Preface and Body of their Act where they decare they will remain an absolute and free Monarchy and not alter the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom And yet in the beginning of this Session of Parliament the opinion was current that Scotland was greedy of this Vnion and pursued it with so much violence that they cared not for the strictness of the Conditions so they might attain the substance and end And yet they now say they are backwards which is a Contradiction for how can they both beg and deny the same thing at one and the same time And by preserving their Fundamental Laws they mean those Laws by which Confusion is avoided and their Kings Succession and Monarchy maintained To which he Declares That he is in descent three hundred years before Christ not meaning as they do their Common Law for the Scots have no Law but that which is Ius Regis And for their desire of continuing a free Monarchy he hopes they mean not he should set Garrisons over them as the Spaniards do over Sicily and Naples And then he tells them That he governs Scotland with his Pen he writes and doth more by a Clerk of the Council than others could do by the Sword And though he knows there are many seditious Persons in that Kingdom that may talk lewdly enough yet none of them ever spake dishonourably of England as they have done of Scotland For if any man speaks any thing uncomely there the Chancellor by his Authority interrupts him but here they have freedom to speak what they list and as long as they list without contradiction Then the King shews what the Laws of Scotland are 1. Those which concern Tenures Wards Liveries Signiories and Lands are drawn out of the Chancery of England brought by Iames the First who was bred up here and differ only in terms The second are Statute Laws to which he hopes they will be no Strangers The third is the Civil Law brought out of France by Iames the Fifth and serve only to supply in such Cases where the Municipal Laws are defective So that he hopes it is no hard matter to unite the People together who are in effect already subject to the same Law And whereas it is Objected that the King of Scotland hath not
this blow reached presently into England and came somewhat near our Kings Heart therefore he took the best way to prevent his Fears by striving to prevent his Dangers having no other end but his own For when he considered the horridness of the Powder Plot and by it the irreconcileable malice of that Party he thought it the safest policy not to stir those Ashes where so much Fire was covered which gave way to a flux of that Iesuitical humour to infest the Body of the Kingdom But now being startled with this poysoned knife he ventures upon a Proclamation strictly commanding all Iesuits and Priests out of the Kingdom and all Recusants to their own Houses not to come within ten miles of the Court and secures all the rest of his Subjects to him by an universal taking of the Oath of Allegiance which the Parliament both Lords and Commons then sitting began and the rest of the People followed to the Kings great contentment For the last Session the Parliament was prorogued till the sixteenth of October this year and meeting now they were willing to secure their Allegiance to the King out of Piety yet they were so stout even in those youthful days which he term'd Obstinacy that they would not obey him in his incroachments upon the Publick Liberty which he began then to practise For being now season'd with seven years knowledg in his profession here he thought he might set up for himself and not be still journy-man to the lavish tongue of men that pryed too narrowly into the secrets of his Prerogative which are mysteries too high for them being Arcana imperii fitter to be admired than questioned But the Parliament were apprehensive enough that those hidden mysteries made many dark steps into the Peoples Liberties and they were willing by the light of Law and Reason to discover what was the Kings what theirs Which the King unwilling to have searched into after five Sessions in six years time dissolved the Parliament by Proclamation HENRICUS Princeps Walliae etc a. Reverendissimus in Christo Pater D.D. RICHARDUS BANCROFT Archiepiscopus Cantuariensis About this time Richard Bancroft Arch-Bishop of Canterbury died a person severe enough whose roughness gained little upon those that deserted the Ceremonies One work of his shewed his spirit better than the ruggedest Pen can depaint it For it was he that first brought the King to begin a new Colledg by Chelsey wherein the choice and abiest Scholars of the Kingdom and the most pregnant Wits in matters of Controversies were to be associated under a Provost with a fair and ample allowance not exceeding three thousand pounds a year whose design was to answer all Popish Books or others that vented their malignant spirits against the Protestant Religion either the Heresies of the Papists or the Errors of those that strook at Hierarchy so that they should be two-edged Fellows that would make old cutting and flashing and this he forwarded with all industry during his time and there is yet a formal Act of Parliament in being for the establishment of it But after his death the King wisely considered that nothing begets more contention than opposition and such Fuellers would be apt to inslame rather than quench the heat that would arise from those embors For Controversies are often or for the most part the exuberancies of Passion and the Philosopher saith men are drunk with disputes and in that inordinateness take the next thing that comes to hand to throw at one anothers faces so that the design fell to the ground with him and there is only so much Building standing by the Thames-side as to shew that what he intended to Plant he meant should be well Watered and yet it withered in the bud I can lay nothing to the charge of this great man but from common fame yet this I may truly say That for his Predecessor Whitgift and his Successor Abbot I never heard nor read any thing tending to their disparagement But on him some unhappy Wit vented this Pasquin Here lies his Grace in cold Earth slad Who died with want of what he had The Queen was Mistress of Somerset-house as well as the Prince was Master of St. Iames and she would fain have given it the name of Denmark-house which name continued her time among her people but it was afterwards left out of the common Calender like the dead Emperors new named Month. She was not without some Grandees to attend her for outward glory The Court being a continued Maskarado where she and her Ladies like so many Sea-Nymphs or Nereides appeared often in various dresses to the ravishment of the beholders The King himself being not a little delighted with such fluent Elegancies as made the nights more glorious than the days But the latitude that these high-flying fancies and more speaking Actions gave to the lower World to judg and censure even the greatest with reproaches shall not provoke me so much as to stain the innocent Paper I shall only say in general That Princes by how much they are greater than others are looked upon with a more severe eye if their Vertues be not suitable to their Greatness they lose much of their value For it is too great an allay to such resinedness to fall under the common cognizance Philip Earle of Pemb Mong Lord Chamberlaine to the King etc. Now all addresses are made to Sir Robert Car he is the Favourit in Ordinary no sute nor no reward but comes by him his hand distributes and his hand restrains our Supreme Power works by second Causes the Lords themselves can scarce have a smile without him And to give the greater lustre to his power about this time the Earl of Dunbar the Kings old trusty Servant the Cabinet of his secret Counsels died so that he solely now took the most intimate of them into his charge and the Officer of Lord high Treasurer of Scotland which staff the other left behind him and though it could be no great Supporter yet the credit of it carried some reputation in his own Country where it was his happiness to be magnified as well as in England for he had Treasure enough here where the Fountain was And to ingrandize all the King created him Baron of Brandspech and Viscount Rochester and soon after Knight of the Garter Thus was he drawn up by the Beams of Majesty to shine in the highest Glory grapling often with the Prince himself in his own Sphear in divers Conteslations For the Prince being a high born Spirit and meeting a young Competitor in his Fathers Affections that was a Mushrom of yesterday thought the venom would grow too near him and therefore he gave no countenance but opposition to it which was aggravated by some little scintils of Love as well as Hatred Rivals in passion being both amorous and in youthful blood fixing by accident upon one object who was a third mans in which the Viscount
this the passage to his entertainment The King strucken suddenly with such heaps asked the Treasurer what this money was for who told him he had received his Majesties Commands to give so much to the Viscount Rochester The King that either carelesly thought five thousand pound to be no more than the noise so much makes in Scotland which doth not amount to above five hundred pounds or cunningly if he knew the value knew also the Treasurers meaning said it was too much for one man and made him be contented with less than the half And now the King casts his thoughts towards Peterborough where his Mother lay whom he caused to be translated to a Magnificent Tomb at Westminster And somewhat suitable to her mind when she was living she had a translucent passage in the night through the City of London by multitudes of Torches The Tapers placed by the Tomb and the Altar in the Cathedral smoaking with them like an Offertory with all the Ceremonies and Voices their Quires and Copes could express attended by many Prelates and Nobles who payd this last Tribute to her memory This was accounted a Piaculous action of the Kings by many though some have not stuck to say That as Queen Elizabeth was willing to be rid of the Queen of Scots yet would not have it her action and being it could not be done without her command when it was done she renounced her own act So though the King was angry when he heard his Mother was taken away by a violent death recalling his Ambassador threatning War and making a great noise which was after calmed and closed up with a large Pension from the Queen yet he might well enough be pleased that such a spirit was layd as might have conjured up three Kingdoms against him For Patrick Grey that the King sent to disswade Queen Elizabeth from taking away his Mothers life was the greatest Instrument to perswade her to it Distilling always into her this Sentence Mortua non mordet When she is dead she cannot bite But the Love that tends to self-preservation is an adjunct of Nature more powerful than Filial duty and therefore there will be no great strife where there are not adequate operations This time was also presented unto us in a various dress and the event shewed though some years after there was more cause of Mourning than Rejoycing though the latter got the predominance For the Prince Elector Palatine came over into England to Marry the Kings only Daughter and Death deprived us of the Kings eldest Son A Prince as eminent in Nobleness as in Blood and having a spirit too full of life and splendour to be long shrouded in a cloud of flesh If that which gave life to his life had been less he might happily have lived longer Not that there was too much Oyl or that concurrent Natural Balsamum in this fair and well-composed Lamp to extinguish it self but the light that came from it might cast so radiant a lustre as by darkning others it came to lose the benefit of its own glory Iealousie is like fire that burns all before it and that fire is hot enough to dissolve all Bonds that tends to the diminution of a Crown The Prince of Spain his contemporary Son to Philip the second not long before this like a young Phaeton wished himself but one day in his Fathers Throne and he fell not long after into the hard hand of an immature fate before he could step into the Chariot So dangerous are the paths of Greatness that the tongue many times rouling aside makes men tread awry Strange Rumors are raised upon this sudden expiration of our Prince the disease being so violent that the combate with Nature in the strength of youth being almost nineteen years of age lasted not above five days Some say he was poysoned with a bunch of Grapes others attribute it to the venemous scent of a pair of Gloves presented to him the distemper lying for the most part in the head They that knew neither of these are strucken with fear and amazement as if they had tasted or felt the effects of those violences Private whisperings and suspicions of some new designs a foot broaching Prophetical terrors That a black CARLO D'AVSTRIA PRINCIPE DI SPAGNA Christmas would produce a bloody Lent For the Spaniard who opposed the marriage of the Prince Palatine and saw their ruin growing up in Prince Henries towardly Spirit were reputed vulgarly the Mint-masters of some horrid practices and that a Ship of Pocket Pistols was come out of Spain fit Instruments for a Massacre And these Trepidations were not only in the lower Region but wrought upwards so high that Proclamations were sent abroad to forbid the making or carrying of Pistols under a foot long in the Barrel And all Papists are not only dis-armed being ever esteemed Vassals to the Catholick King but their Actions with caution pried into In such dark clouds as these the whole Kingdom was at a loss all ordinary Transitions of Nature are imputed to prodigious Omens the greater the fears are the more blazing is the Meteor that arises from them Some that knew the bickerings betwixt the Prince and the Viscount muttered out dark Sentences that durst not look into the light especially Sir Iames Elphington who observing the Prince one day to be discontented with the Viscount offered to kill him but the Prince reproved him with a gallant Spirit saying If there were Cause he would do it himself Now whether these rumors begot a further scrutiny or whether it be the Court-trick to daub and slubber over things that may be perspicuous I know not But the Physicians about the Prince gave it under their hands which was spread abroad in several copies that he died of a strong malignant Feaver so are all violent dissolutions where Nature hath power of resistance that his Liver was pale and livid lead-like the Gall had no Gall but was full of wind the Spleen was unnaturally black and the Lungs in many places spotted with much corruption the Midriff or Diaphragma blackish and the Head in some places full of blood and in some places full of clear water Thus was he Anatomized to amuze the World and clear the suspicion of poyson as if no venoms could produce these effects He died the sixth of November and was carried on a Hearse Triumphing even in Death to Westminster the seventh of December following the pomp of the Funeral being fully compleated with the People tears and Lamentations But the King though he could not but be troubled to lose so near a part of himself looked over all these Mists and like the Sun dispelled all these Clouds and Vapours commanding no man should appear in the Court in mourning he would have nothing in his Eye to bring so sad a Message to his Heart The jollity feasting and magnificence of Christmas must not be laid down There were Princes and Nobles
up to three hundred pounds a piece But now again the poor Courtiers were so indigent that sixty pounds would purchase a Knighthood the King wanting other means to gratifie his Servants Yet he was of so free a Nature and careless of Money when he had it though solicitous to get it that he batled in his own bounty For being one day in the Gallery at White-hall and none with him but Sir Henry Rich who was second Son to the Earl of Warwick afterwards Earl of Holland a Gentleman of excellent Natural Parts but youthfully expensive and Iames Maxwel one of his Bed Chamber some Porters past by them with three thousand pounds going to the Privy Purse Sir Henry Rich whispering Maxwel the King turned upon them and asked Maxwel what says he what says he Maxwel told him he wisht he had so much money Marry shalt thou Harry saith the King and presently commanded the Porters to carry it to his Lodging with this Expression You think now you have a great Purchase but I am more delighted to think how much I have pleasured you in giving this money than you can be in receiving it This Story intervenes to shew the Temper of his Mind About this time also Gold was raised to two shillings in the pound occasioned from the high value set upon it abroad which made the Merchant transport it But the first Inhancers can make their Markets by ingrossing great Sums especially the Payments of those times and all this Kings Reign being for the most part in Gold so that it might be called the Golden Age that it is a wonder now what gulf hath swallowed those great sums if their golden wings be not flown to the Sun-rising But these little projects will bring in but small store of money to maintain the Work many such Materials must go to make up a Royal Building and little Streams will not easily fill a Cistern that hath many Issues A Parliament can furnish all but who dare venture on such Refractory Spirits Yet there was a generation about the Court that to please and humour Greatness undertook a Parliament as men presuming to have Friends in every County and Borough who by their Power among the People would make Election of such Members for Knights and Burgesses as should comply solely to the Kings desires and Somerset is the Head and Chief of these Vndertakers But this was but an Embrion and became an Abortive The English Freedom cannot be lost by a few base and tame spirits that would unmake themselves and their Posterity to ingrandize one Man For the Parliament meeting according to their Summons such Faces appeared there as made the Court droop who instead of Contributing to the Kings wants lay open his wasts especially upon the Scots with whom they desire medietatem linguae a share of favour The Bread by our Saviours rule properly belonging to the Children of the Kingdom And they beseech His Majesty to stop the Current of future access of that Nation to make residence here having enough to eat up their own Crums They enquire into the Causes of the unexpected increase of Popish Recusants since the Gun-Powder Plot the detestation whereof they thought should have utterly extinguished them and they find it to the Admission of Popish Nobility into his Counsels the silencing of many watchful and diligent Ministers the divers Treaties his Majesty hath entertained not only for the Marriage of the deceased Prince Henry but for Prince Charles that now liveth with the Daughters of Popish Princes which dis-heartneth the Protestant and encourageth the Recusant laying open with these many other miscarriages in Government which the King willing to have concealed stopt them in their Course dissolving the Parliament and committing to the Tower and other Princes the beginning of incroachment upon the publick liberties such as were most active for the Common good These fair Blossoms not producing the hoped-for fruit they find out new Projects to manure the People different much in name and nature a Benevolence extorted a Free-gift against their wills was urged upon them and they that did not give in their money must give in their names which carried a kind of fright with it But the most knowing men like so many Pillars to the Kingdoms liberties supported their Neighbours tottering Resolutions with assuring them that these kind of Benevolences were against Law Reason and Religion First against Law being prohibited by divers Acts of Parliament and a Curse pronounced against the infringers of them Secondly against Reason that a particular man should oppose his judgment and discretion to the wisdom and judgment of the King assembled in Parliament who have there denyed any such aid Thirdly against Religion That a King violating his Oath taken at his Coronation for maintaining the Laws Liberties and Customs of the Realm should be assisted by the people in an Act of so much Injustice and Impiety These and many other Arguments instilled into the people by some good Patriots were great impediments to the Benevolence So that they got but little money and lost a great deal of love For no Levies do so much decline and abase the love and spirits of the people as unjust Levies Subsidies get more of their money but Exactions enslave the mind for they either raise them above or depress them beneath their sufferings which are equally mischievous and to be avoided This Summer the King of Denmark revisited his Sister the Queen of England with some forty Lords Gentlemen and others in his Train landing at Yarmouth and passing directly to London took up his Lodging in our Common Inns and was not known but for some Outlandish Nobleman till he came to the Queens Palace in the Strand where she was surprized with the unexpected joy of a Brothers company distanced from her by the interest of his people the great Bar that hinders Princes the common civilities and happiness of their Inferiors But the joy continued not long for after some fourteen days interview they parted again But those days had such a plenitude of all those delights that contend to satisfaction as if a great deal of more time had been involved and contracted in them VERA EFFIGIES FRANCISCAE COMITISSAE SOMERSETIAE VICECOM ROFFEN ETc The lively portraict of the Lady Francis Countesse of Somerset Sir Ralph Winwood who had been Lieger-Ambassador with the States in the Netherlands for his abilities and good service had merited so much from the King that he made him Secretary of State The Queen closes with him the better to discover Somersets miscarriages and he was ready enough to oblige her for Somerset made him but an Vnderling grasping all Publick imployments into his own hand not caring whom he disobliged or what Malice he pulled upon himself for like a Coloss he stood the brunt of all the Tempests of Envy making those that carried the greatest sail to strike and come under him Nor would he suffer any
teach us how to steer our brittle Bark in this Worlds Tempest that we bear not too much sail but keep a moderate and even course betwixt the rocks of pride and shallows of contempt both which are equally dangerous Our King dedicated this Summer to the Northern Climate it is now fourteen years Revolution since the beams of Majesty appeared in Scotland He begins his Journey with the Spring warming the Country as he went with the Glories of the Court Taking such Recreations by the way as might best beguile the days and cut them shorter but lengthen the nights contrary to the Seasons For what with Hawking Hunting and Horse-racing the days quickly ran away and the nights with Feasting Masking and Dancing were the more extended And the King had fit Instruments for these Sports about his Person as Sir George Goring Sir Edward Zouch Sir Iohn Finnit and others that could fit and obtemperate the Kings Humour For he loved such Representations and Disguises in their Maskaradoeâ— as were witty and sudden the more ridiculous the more pleasant Edward Somerset Earl of Worcester But among all the Dances that these Times were guilty of none of the Maskaradoes presented so horrid a Vizard as the Churchmans For some of the Bishops pretending Recreations and liberty to servants and the common people of which they carved to themselves too much already procured the King to put out a Book to permit dancing about May-poles Church-ales and such debauched Exercises upon the Sabbath day after Evening Prayer being a specious way to make the King and them acceptable to the Rout which Book came out with a command injoyning all Ministers to read it to their Parishioners and to approve of it and those that did not were brought into the High Commission imprisoned and suspended This Book being only a trap to catch some conscientious men that they could not otherwise with all their cunning insnare For they would preach the Gospel in a Fools-coat as some of them exprest rather than be silenced for a Surplis And their Conjuring of them with the Cross in Baptism and the Circle of the Ring in Marriage could not make a well-composed Reason and a sound Conscience then start at it But when so frightful an Apparition as the dancing Book appeared some of the Ministers left all for fear others by force they were so terrified with it These and such like Machinations of the Bishops to maintain their Temporal Greatness Ease and Plenty made the stones in the Walls of their Palaces and the beam in the timber afterwards cry out moulder away and come to nothing Whereas if those in most Authority had not been so pragmatical but holy prudent and godly men as some others of the Function were their light might have shined still upon the Mount and not have gone out as it did offensive to the nostrils of the rubbish of the people The King in his return from Scotland made his Progress through the Hunting-countries his Hounds and Hunters meeting him Sherwood-Forrest Need wood and all the Parks and Forrests in his way were ransacked for his Recreation And every night begat a new day of delight till he brought Holyrood-day not Holyrood-house to White-hall This new incroachment upon the Sabbath gave both King and people more liberty to prophane the day with authority For if the Court were to remove on Monday the Kings Carriages must go out the day before All times were alike and the Court being to remove to Theobalds the next day the Carriages went through the City of London on the Sabbath with a great deal of clatter and noise in the time of Divine service The Lord Mayor hearing of it commanded them to be stopt and this carried the Officers of the Carriages with a great deal of violence to the Court and the business being presented to the King with as much asperity as men in authority crossed in their humors could express it It put the King into a great Rage Swearing he thought there had been no more Kings in England but himself yet after he was a little cooled he sent a Warrant to the Lord Mayor commanding him to let them pass which he obeyed with this Answer while it was in my power I did my duty but that being taken away by a higher power it is my duty to obey Which the King upon second thoughts took well and thanked him for it As Prophaneness crept in on one side so did Idolatry and Superstition on the other for there was more enmity against Ministers of the Gospel than Popish Priests they swarmed over the Kingdom working miraculous Projects in every corner One pack of them got into Stafford-shire among some of the Giffords in that County Gentlemen of good Estates where they practised their Artifices to seduce the people There must be a Ground-work Estates to keep them being like the Gout never troubling the poor and then there must be materials Correspondents to act for them Holiness and Piety must be confirmed by Miracle and these Miracles must be visible to the Peoples eyes that they may convey belief better to the heart If the Priests be holy and can subdue Satan the Religion they profess must be heavenly that triumphs over principalities and powers and spiritual wickedness bringing all to obedience These are finesses and subtilties of Mastring Wits calling them Piae Fraudes godly deceits Worms to bring Fish to the Net and this kind of frippery they are ever fraught with For about this time there was a Boy born at Bilson in that County whose father mother neighbours and many other people with admiration did absolutely think possest with a Devil for he had strange sudden violent distorting fits that appeared to all the beholders contrary to Nature and being not full fifteen years old it could not be imagined that any thing of Impostory could result from him and therefore the same of it was the more remarkable The Iesuits that are the best Physicians in such Distempers hearing of it visited the Boy prayed by him and used such other Charms and Exorcisms as are fit to make them to be admired giving his Parents good hope of dispossessing him of that foul spirit by which might palpably be discerned how much Gods power was exprest in their weakness and difference the truth and holiness betwixt the Catholick Religion and the Heresie professed among Protestants So that they that heard them as many resorted to the place must needs take them for very holy men by whom such Wonders were to be accomplished The Iesuits visited him often sometimes in private sometimes in Company but this kind of Spirit would not be commanded by them so that they grew almost desperate of the Cure The Boy in his fits would rave against an old woman dwelling near to his Father intimating by signs and ghastly behaviour that she had sent a Spirit to torment him and in plain terms when he was out of his fits
these Times young Dorothy the eldest Daugâ—teâ— married Robert Viscount Lisle after the death of his Father Eâ—â—l of Leicester by whom he had a numerous Issue like Clive branches aâ—out his Table The younger Daughter Lucy a Lady of â—â—â—ompâ—rable Beauty solemnized in the Poâ—â—s oâ—â—he most exquiâ—â—e Witsâ—f â—f her time married the Lord Hayes now made Viâ—count Doncaster against hâ—r Father's will â—ho aimed at higher â—xtractiâ—â—â— during his Imprisonment which the old Earâ—'s stubborn spirit not brooking would never give hâ—r any thing And Doncaster whose affection was abâ—ve money â—etting only a valuationâ—pon â—pon his much-admired Bride strove to make himselâ— meritorious and prevailed so with the King for his Fâ—ther-in 〈◊〉 that he got his Release But the old Earl would hâ—rdly be drawn to take a Release from his hand so that when he had liberty he restrained himself and with much importunity was wrought upon by such as knew the distempers of his body might best qualifie those of his mind peâ—â—uading him â—oâ—â—ome indisposition to make a journey to the Bath â—hich was one special motive to accept of his Son-in-laâ—'s respects HONORATISSâ—â—â—â— Dê° HENRICVS PERCEY COMâ—â—â—â— NORTHVMBERIANâ—… If Art could shewe the Spirit in the Face And in dead Sines expresse a Liuing Grace You might though wanting an Inscription sweare That this the shadowe of a PERCY were For when the Noblest Romane worthies Liud Though greater Fame their Fortunes have atcheiud No brauer Spiritts did in ROME command Then were the PERCYS of NORTHVMBERIAND But now War breaks in upon us following that blazing Fore-runner the House of Austria like Pyrrhus and Lysander extending their Dominions no further than the Sword could reach having long seat hered their Nests with the Eagles plumes grew formidable to the Princes and States of Germany And because they found the Popes had shrewdly plumed some of their Predecessors till they had wrested most parts of Italy from the Empire they were content to maintain their Grandure by the Popes power and to ingratiate themselves the more became great Persecutors of the Reformed Religion A little before this time Ferdinand Uncles Son to Matthias the Emperor was Crowned King of Bohemia with this Reservation that he should not exercise the Power of a King as long as the old Emperor lived This kind of Crowning of Kings one in the life of another was the great Chain that link by link held the Empire and the two Kingdoms of Hungaria and Bohemia together in the Austrian Family so that the State of either Kingdom could not or durst not put forth their Strength to shake them asunder The Emperor kept his Court at Vienna King Ferdinand at Gretz in Stiria so that the Government of Bohemia rested in such Counsellors as the Emperor Matthias left there for the management of Publick Affairs These Counsellors and Ministers with the Archbishop of Prague broke out about this time not only to demolish the Protestant Churches but by the help of the Iesuits their bitter Enemies strove to undermine the Religion it self The Protestant States and Nobles of the Country summoning an Assembly to redress their Grievances were opposed by some of them Emperor's Ministers of State the very day of their meeting which exasperated them to such a height of Passion being backt by some Forces they brought with them for their Security that they threw Slabata the Emperor's chief Justice Smesansius one of the Council of State and Fabricius a pragmatical Secretary from a high Window in the Castle down into the Court though some of them took little hurt and lived as reports go to this time This rash Action the Bohemians strive to palliate by Apologies to the Emperor but withal strengthned themselves making Leavies both of Horse and Foot the better to secure their own Peace and banishing those Firebrands the Iesuits out of Prague whose malicious and distemper'd Zeal first kindled the Flame The Emperor hearing of these mischiefs raises an Army under the command of Count Bucquoy and the Protestant States finding the Emperor exasperated raise two Armies one commanded by Count Thurne the other by Count Mansfeldt some bickrings past betwixt the Imperial Army and the Bohemians some Towns taken on both sides and in the heat of this stir the old Emperor dies Ferdinand King of Hungary and Bohemia and adopted heir of old Matthias meeting after summons at Frankford with the three Electors of Mentz Collen and Trevers and only with the Representatives of the other three Electors The Church carried it for him and he was chosen King of the Romans The States of Bohemia disclaimed the election as invalid because he could not be an Elector himself as King of Bohemia for that he had never been actually in possession of the Crown And though their dissent could not lessen Ferdinand's Election to the Empire yet they protested by oath never to acknowledge him for their King These eruptions made a noise all over Christendom and most knowing men looked on this heavenly Torch the late Comet as fit fuel to give fire to such a train Our King fearing the clap would fall heavy upon the Protestant party sent the Viscount Doncaster extraordinary Ambassador to mediate a Reconciliation betwixt the Emperor and the Bohemians But the asperity and bitterness was too great to find an allay by his sweet and candid Complements being sitter for the bosoms of Lovers than the armed breasts of Uprores and Tumults LOTHARIVS PAR LA GRACE DE DIEV ARCHEVESQVE DE TREVES B. Moucorneâ— excudit Our King that looked upon his own condition through the Optique of the peoples mutable and unstable affection would by no means countenance such a Precedent as should give them power to dispose of an established Royal dignity at their pleasure and upon every change of humor for so he might shake his own foundation which made the Barons addresses crude and nauseous to his Appetite till time had a little digested them And then he dispatched two Ambassadors into Bohemia One was Sir Richard Weston who was afterwards Lord high Treasurer of England and left to his posterity the Earldom of Portland a man of a haughty spirit yet knew how by suppling it to make his way to the height he arrived at For his Religion gave place to his Policy and mounted him till he became one of the great grievances of the Kingdom The other was Sir Edward Conwey a man of a grosser temper bred a Soldier being Governor of Bril when England gave over her interest in the cautionary Towns who was after made a Viscount and Secretary of State a rough impollished peice for such an imployment But the King that wanted not his Abilities would often make himself merry with his imperfect scrouls in writing and hacking expressions in reading so that he would break into laughter and say in a facetious way Had ever man such a Secretary that can neither Write nor Read These two were suited for the imployment happily upon
more prayers and oblations offered here to the Mother than to the Son For the Marquess himself as he was a man of excellent symmetry and proportion of parts so he affected beauty where he found it but yet he looks upon the whole race of Women as inferior things and uses them as if the Sex were one best pleased with all And if his eye cull'd out a wanton beauty he had his Setters that could spread his Nets and point a meeting at some Ladies House where he should come as by accident and find Accesses while all his Train attended at the dore as if it were an honourable visit The Earl of Rutland of a Noble Family had but one Daughter to be the Mistris of his great Fortune and he tempts her carries her to his Lodgings in Whitehall keeps her there for some time and then returns her back again to her Father The stout old Earl sent him this threatning Message That he had too much of a Gentleman to suffer such an indignity and if he did not marry his Daughter to repair her honour no greatness should protect him from his justice Buckingham that perhaps made it his design to get the Father's good will this way being the greatest match in the Kingdom had no reason to mislike the Union therefore he quickly salved up the wound before it grew to a quarrel And if this Marriage stopt the Current of his sins he had the less to answer for This young Lady was bred a Papist by her Mother but after her Marriage to the Marquess she was converted by Doctor White as was pretended and grew a zealous Protestant but like a morning dew it quickly vanished For the old Countess of Buckingham never left working by her sweet Instruments the Iesuits till she had placed her on the first foundation So that the Marquess betwixt a Mother and a Wife began to be indifferent no Papist yet no Protestant but the Arminian Tenets taking root were nourished up by him and those that did not hold the same opinions were counted Puritans These new indifferences now grew so hot in England that the Protestant Cause grew very cold in Germany Which made the spirits of most men rise against the Spanish Faction at home and Spain's incroaching Monarchy abroad And though the King sped ill the last Parliament of Somerset's undertaking and thought to lay them by for ever as he often expressed looking upon them as incroachers into his Prerogative and diminishers of his Majesty and Glory making Kings less and Subjects more than they are Yet now finding the peoples desires high-mounted for regaining the Palatinate he thought they would look only up towards that and liberally open their Purses which he might make use of and this Unanimity and good agreement betwixt him and his people would induce his Brother of Spain to be more active in the Treaty in hand and so he should have supply from the one and dispatch from the other But Parliaments that are like Physicians to the bodies of Common-wealths when the humors are once stirred they find cause enough many times to administer sharp Medicines where there was little appearance of Diseases For in this Recess and Ease Time-servers and Flatterers had cried up the Prerogative And the King wanting Money for his vast expenses had furnished himself by unusual courses For Kings excessive in gifts will find followers excessive in demands and they that weaken themselves in giving lose more in gathering than they gain in the gift For Prodigality in a Soveraign ends in the Rapine and Spoil of the Subject To help himself therefore and those that drained from him he had granted several Patents to undertakers and Monopolizers whereby they preyed upon the people by suits and exactions milkt the Kingdom and kept it poor the King taking his ease and giving way to Informers the Gentry grown debauched and Fashion-mongers and the Commons sopt and besotted with quiet and restiness drunk in so much disability that it might well be said by Gondemar England had a great many people but few men And he would smile at their Musters for through disuse they were grown careless of Military Discipline ill provided of Arms effeminate Officers neglecting their charges and duties conniving for gain at their Neighbours miscarriages Some of the Officers in the Militia and Iustices of the Peace not a few being Church-Papists floating upon the smooth stream of the times overwhelming all others that opposed them stigmatizing them with the name of Puritans and that was mark enough to hinder the current of any proceeding or preferment aimed at or hoped for either in Church or State And the Iesuits ranging up and down like spirits let loose did not now as formerly creep into corners using close and cunning Artifices but practised them openly having admission to our Counsellors of State for when Secretaries and such as manage the intimate Counsels of Kings are Iesuitical and Clients to the Pope there can be no tendency of Affection to a contrary Religion or Policy Those were only most active in the Court of England that courted the King of Spain most and could carry the face of a Protestant and the heart of a Papist the rest were contented to go along with the cry For they hunted but a cold scent and could pick out and make nothing of it that drew off or crost or hunted counter Which raised the spirits of the people so high against them that were the chief Hunters in these times that they brought the King himself within the compass of their Libels and Pasquils charging him to love his hounds better than his people And if this bad blood had been heated to an itch of Innovation it would have broke out to a very fore and incurable Malady every man seeing the danger few men daring to prevent it The Pulpits were the most bold Opposers but if they toucht any thing upon the Spanish policy or the intended Treaties for the Restitution of the Palatinate was included in the Marriage before it was the Spaniards to give their mouths must be stopt by Gondemar without the Lady Iacob's Receipt and it may be confined or imprisoned for it So that there were noplain downright blows to be given but if they cunningly and subtily could glance at the misdemeanors of the Times and smooth it over metaphorically it would pass current though before the King himself For about this time one of his own Chaplains preaching before him at Greenwich took this Text 4 Mat. 8. And the Devil took Iesus to the top of a Mountain and shewed him all the Kingdoms of the World saying All these will I give c. He shewed what power the Devil had in the World at that time when he spake these words and from thence he came down to the power of the Devil now And dividing the World into four parts he could not make the least of the four to be Christian and of
those how few went God's way So that he concluded the Devil to be a great Monarch having so many Kingdoms under his command and no doubt he had his Vice Roys Council of State Treasurers Secretaries and many other Officers to manage and order his affairs for there was order in hell it self which after he had mustered together he gives a character of every particular Officer who were fit to be the Devil's servants running through the body of the Court discovering the correspondencies with Iesuits secret Pensions from Foreign Princes betraying their Masters Counsels to deserve their Rewards working and combining to the prejudice of God's people And when he came to describe the Devil's Treasurers exactions and gripings to get mony he fixt his eye upon Cranfield then Lord Treasurer whose marriage into the house of Fortune and Title of Earl could not keep him from being odious to the people and pointing at him with his hand said with an Emphasis That man reiterating it That man that makes himself rich and his Master poor he is a fit Treasurer for the Devil This the Author heard and saw whilst Cranfield sat with his hat pulled down over his eyes ashamed to look up lest he should find all mens eyes fixt upon him the King who sat just over him smiling at the quaint Satyr so handsomly coloured over It seems Neile the Bishop of Lincoln was not by him then for when any man preached that had the Renown of Piety unwilling the King should hear him he would in the Sermon time entertain the King with a merry Tale that I may give it no worse title which the King would after laugh at and tell those near him he could not hear the Preacher for the old B. Bishop We must confess this Relation smells too rank but it was too true and hope the modest Reader will excuse it We having had divers hammerings and conflicts within us to leave it out seeing it proceeds not from any rancour of spirit against the Prelacy but to vindicate God's Iustice to Posterity who never punishes without a Cause and such like practices as these were doubtless put upon the score which after gave a period to that Hierarchy This man's hand helped to close up the Countess of Essex's Virginity when he was Coventry and Litchfield his heart had this kind of vanity when he was Lincoln and when he was Arch-bishop of York his head was so filled with Arminian impiety that in the next King's Reign he was looked upon by the Parliament to be one of the great Grievances of the Kingdom as will follow in the Tract of this Story Lionell Craufield Earle of Middlesex Baron Cranfield of Cranfield The King that either thought these instruments were not so active or that they would not be discovered was resolved upon a Parliament for the former Reasons which began the twentieth of Ianuary this year yet not being ignorant of some miscarriages that passed by his allowance he strives to palliate them and gives the Parliament some little touches of them by the way that when they should find them they might by his Anticipation appear the less And being loth to have the breach between him and his people made wider he thus strives to stop the gap MY Lords Spiritual and Temporal and you the Commons cui multiloquio non deest peccatum In the last Parliament â— made long Discourses especially to them of the Lower House I did open the true thought of my heart But I may say with our Saviour I have piped to you and you have not danced I have mourned and you have not lamented Yet as no man's Actions can be free so in me God found some spices of Vanity and so all my sayings turned to me again without any success And now to tell the Reasons of your Calling and this Meeting apply it to your selves and spend not the time in long Speeches Consider That the Parliament is a thing composed of a Head and a Body the Monarch and the two Estates It was first a Monarchy then after a Parliament there are no Parliaments but in Monarchical Governments for in Venice the Netherlands and other Free-Governments there are none The Head is to call the Body together and for the Clergy the Bishops are chief for Shires their Knights and for Towns and Cities their Burgesses and Citizens These are to treat of difficult matters and to counsel their King with their best advice to make Laws for the Commonweal and the Lower-House is also to petition the King and acquaint him with their grievances and not to meddle with their King's Prerogative They are to offer supply for his necessity and he to distribute in recompence thereof Iustice and Mercy As in all Parliaments it is the King's office to make good Laws whose Fundamental Cause is the peoples ill manners so at this time That we may meet with the new Abuses and the incroaching craft of the times particulars shall be read hereafter As touching Religion Laws enough are made already it stands in two points Persuasion and Compulsion Men may persuade but God must give the blessing Iesuits Priests Puritans and Sectaries erring both on the right-hand and left-hand are forward to persuade unto their own ends and so ought you the Bishops in your example and preaching but compulsion to obey is to bind the Conscience There is talk of the Match with Spain But if it shall not prove a furtherance to Religion I am not worthy to be your King I will never proceed but to the Glory of God and content of my Subjects For a supply to my necessities I have reigned eighteen years in which time you have had Peace and I have received far less supply than hath been given to any King since the Conquest The last Queen of famous memory had one year with another above a hundred thousand pounds per annum in Subsidies And in all my time I had but four Subsidies and six Fifteens It is ten years since I had a Subsidy in all which time I have been sparing to trouble you I have turned my self as nearly to save expence as I may I have abated much in my Houshold-expences in my Navies in the charge of my Munition I made not choice of an old beaten Soldier for my Admiral but rather chose a young man whose honesty and integrity I knew whose care hath been to appoint under him sufficient men to lessen my charges which he hath done Touching the miserable dissentions in Christendom I was not the cause thereof for the appeasing whereof I sent my Lord of Doncaster whose journey cost me three thousand five hundred pounds My Son-in-law sent to me for advice but within three days after accepted of the Crown which I did never approve of for three Reasons First for Religion sake as not holding with the Iesuits disposing of Kingdoms rather learning of our Saviour to uphold not to overthrow them Secondly I was no Judg between them
Body of the Kingdom that they might not break out to disgrace the Physician For he looked upon himself as an able Director and yet he found he might be deceived And therefore he brings the Lords into a Wood comparatively to tell them that they appeared to him well grown and fair but searching into them he found them otherwise But he that pretended to the knowledge of all things as give him his due he was well known in most could not be ignorant that the Patents he granted were against the Liberties of the people but whether the execution of them to that extremity came within his Cognizance cannot be determined his damning of them shews his dislike at present condemning that which he knew would be done to his hand if he had not done it and this must not be known only at Westminster and left upon Record to Posterity there but he commanded his Speech to be printed that all his people might know how willing and forward he was to abolish any Act of his that tended to a grievance And though he did not accuse the Marquess of Buckingham for giving way to Informers yet he was much troubled with them till the Parliament began and in that numerous crowd those that brought profit were doubtless admitted with the first These considerations upon the King's Speech buzzed up and down and many of the Parliament men looked upon the Marquess as the first mover of this great Machine but the Wisdom of the House did not rise so high as to strike at the uppermost branches but they pruned those roundly they could reach Buckingham though he were well grown had not yet sap enough to make himself swell into exuberancy as he did afterwards nor was the peoples malice now against him so fertile as to make every little weed a dangerous and poysonous plant being subtile enough yet to crop off any that might appear venomous in relation to himself that the mischievous operations might work upon others For all the world knew Mompesson was his creature and that notwithstanding the King's Proclamation for his interception he got out of the Kingdom by his Key For Buckingham ruled as a Lord Paramount and those that complied with him found as much refuge as his power could secure unto them those that opposed him as much mischief as malice could pour upon them Sir Henry Yelverton the King's Attorney had found the effects of his Anger by not closing with his desires in such Patents as he required so that all his Actions being anatomized some miscarriages are made criminal he is committed to the Tower and another put in his place that should be more observant The King now lays upon him a Warrant Dormant which did not much startle him for he was not long after released and made a Iudge carrying with him this character of honesty That he was willing to lay down his preferment at the King's feet and be trod upon by the growing power of Buckingham rather than prosecute his Patron Somerset that had advanced him as his Predecessor Bacon had spitefully done his But whether that Dialogue betwixt Buckingham and Yelverton in the Tower mentioned in our King's Court have any thing of Truth cannot be asserted here Buckingham being not arrived yet to the Meridian height of his Greatness though the King afterwards had cause enough to be jealous of his Actions But now comes the old Iustice Sir Francis Michell to his Censure and the crime he had committed arguing a base spirit he is fitted with as suitable a punishment First he is degraded with all the ceremonies of debasement but that being most proper to his nature he was but eased of a burthen his mind suffered not but then his kecksie carkass was made to ride Renvers with his face to the horse tail with a pâ—per on his breast and back that pointed at the foulness of the cause through the whole City suffering under the scorn and contempt of Boys and rabble of the people besides the squeezing of him by fine and confinement to prison that he might never be more capable of mischief The same sentence had Sir Giles Mompesson but he was so provident as not to be found to pay it in his person though he paid it in his purse Some others also their Instruments though not so sharply dealt with had great mulcts laid upon them according to their demerit and so this Gangrene was healed up 〈…〉 QVI POSTQVAM OMNIA NATVRALIS SAPIENTIAE ET CIVILIS ARCANA EVOLVISSET NATVRAE DECRETVM EXPLEVIT COMPOSITA SOLVANTVR AN DNI M.D C. XXVI AETAT LXVI TANTI VIRI MEM THOMAS MEAVTYS SVPERSTITIS CVLTOR DEFVNCTI ADMIRATOR H. P. This poor Gentleman mounted above pity fell down below it His Tongue that was the glory of his time for Eloquence that tuned so many sweet Harrangues was like a forsaken Harp hung upon the Willows whilst the waters of affliction overflowed the banks And now his high-flying Orations are humbled to Supplications and thus he throws himself and Cause at the feet of his Iudges before he was condemned To the Right Honourable the Lords of the Parliament in the Upper House assembled The humble Submission and Supplication of the Lord Chancellor May it please your Lordships I Shall humbly crave at your hands a benign interpretation of that which I shall now write for words that come from wasted spirits and oppressed minds are more safe in being deposited to a noble construction than being circled with any reserved caution This being moved and as I hope obtained of your Lordships as a protection to all that I shall say I shall go on but with a very strange Entrance as may seem to your Lordships at first for in the midst of a State of as great affliction as I think a mortal man can endure Honour being above Life I shall begin with the professing of gladness in somethings The first is That hereafter the greatness of a Iudge or Magistrate shall be no sanctuary or protection to him against guiltiness which is the beginning of a golden work The next That after this Example it is like that Iudges will fly from any thing in the likeness of Corruption though it were at a great distance as from a Serpent Which tends to the purging of the Courts of Iustice and reducing them to their true honour and splendor And in these two Points God is my witness though it be my fortune to be the Anvil upon which these two effects are broken and wrought I take no small comfort But to pass from the motions of my heart whereof of God is my Iudge to the merits of my cause whereof your Lordships are Iudges under God and his Lieutenant I do understand there hath been heretofore expected from me some justification and therefore I have chosen one only justification instead of all others out of the justification of Iob. For after the clear submission and confession which I shall now make
so spacious that her said Servants and Family may enter and stay therein In which there shall be an ordinary and publique door for them and another inward door by which the Infanta may have a passage into the said Chappel where she and others as above said may be present at Divine Offices 9. That the Chappel Church and Oratory may be beautified with decent Ornaments of Altar and other things necessary for Divine Service which is to be celebrated in them according to the custom of the Ho. Ro. Church and that it shall be lawful for the said Servants and others to go to the said Chappel and Church at all hours as to them shall seem expedient 10. That the care and custody of the said Chappel and Church shall be committed to such as the Lady Infanta shall appoint to whom it shall be lawful to appoint Keepers that no body may enter into them to do any undecent thing 11. That to the administration of the Sacraments and to serve in Chappel and Church aforesaid there shall be so many Priests and Assistants as to the Infanta shall seem fit and the election of them shall belong to the Lady Infanta and the Catholike King her Brother Provided that they be none of the Vassals of the King of Great Britain and if they be his will and consent is to be first obtained 12. That there be one Superiour Minister or Bishop with necessary Authority upon all occasions which shall happen belonging to Religion and for want of a Bishop that his Vicar may have his Authority and jurisdiction 13. That this Bishop or Superiour Minister may correct amend or chastize all Roman Catholiks who shall offend and shall exercise upon them all Jurisdiction Ecclesiastical and moreover also the Lady Infanta shall have power to put them out of her service when soever it shall seem expedient to her 13. That it may be lawful for the Lady Infanta and her Servants to procure from Rome Dispensations Indulgences Jubilees and all Graces as shall seem fit to their Religion and Consciences and to get and make use of any Catholike Books whatsoever 15. That the Servants of the Family of the Lady Infanta who shall come into England shall take the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Great Britain provided that there be no clause therein which shall be contrary to their Consciences and the Roman Catholike Religion and if they happen to be Vassals to the King of Great Britain they shall take the same Oath that the Spaniard doth 16. That the Laws which are or shall be in England against Religion shall not take hold of the said Servants And onely the foresaid Superiour Ecclesiastical Catholike may proceed against Ecclesiastical persons as hath been accustomed by Catholikes And if any Secular Judge shall apprehend any Ecclesiastical Person for any offence he shall forthwith cause him to be delivered to the aforesaid Superiour Ecclesiastick who shall proceed against him according to the Canon-Law 17. That the Lawes made against Catholikes in England or in any other Kingdom of the King of Great Britain shall not extend to the Children of this Marriage and though they be Catholikes they shall not lose the Right of Succession to the Kingdom and Dominions of Great Britain 18. That the Nurses which shall give suck to the Children of the Lady Infanta whether they be of the Kingdom of Great Britain or of any other Nation whatsoever shall be chosen by the Lady Infanta as she pleaseth and shall be accounted of her Family and enjoy the priviledges thereof 19. That the Bishop Ecclesiastical Persons and Religious of the Family of the Lady Infanta shall wear the Vestment and Habit of his dignity profession and Religion after the custom of Rome 20. For security that the said Matrimony be not dissolved for any cause whatsoever The King of Great Britain and Prince Charles are equally to pass the Word and Honour of a King and moreover that they will perform whatsoever shall be propounded by the Catholike King for further confirmation if it may be done decently and fitly 21. That the Sons and Daughters which shall be born of this Marriage shall be brought up in the company of the most Excellent Infanta at least until the Age of Ten years and shall freely enjoy the Right of Succession to the Kingdoms as aforesaid 22. That whensoever any place of either Man-servant or Maid-servant which the Lady Infanta shall bring with her nominated by the Catholike King her Brother shall happen to be void whether by death or by other Cause or accident all the said Servants of her Family are to be supplied by the Catholike King as aforesaid 23. For security that whatsoever is Capitulated may be fulfilled The King of Great Britain and Prince Charles are to be bound by Oath and all the King's Council shall Confirm the said Treaty under their hands Moreover the said King and Prince are to give their Faiths in the Word of a King to endeavour if possible that whatsoever is Capitulated may be established by Parliament 24. That conformable to this Treaty all these things proposed are to be allowed and approved of by the Pope that he may give an Apostolical Benediction and a Dispensation necessary to effect the Marriage But though our King and Prince subscribed these Articles as they were sent to them by the Earl of Bristol in this manner Hos supra memoratos Articulos omnes ac singulos approbamus et quicquid in iis ex nostra parte seu nostro nomine conventum est ratum atque gratum habemus approving and expressing them to be very acceptable unto them And after they had wrought the King to sign these large immunities to the Papists viz. Quod Regnorum suorum Romano Catholici persecutionem nullam patientur molestiáve officientur Religionis suae causa vel ob exercitium illorum ejusdem sacramentorum modò iis utantur absque scandalo quod intelligi debet inter privatos parietes nec juramentis aut sub alio praetextu qualicunque ordinem Religionis spectante vexabuntur That the Roman Catholikes should not be interrupted in the exercise of their Religion doing it privately without Scandal nor be vext with any oaths in order to the same What rested but a closing of both Parties Yet all would not do for the Spaniard never intended the Match at all as is evident by a Letter of the King of Spain's written to his Favourite the Conde of Olivares dated the Fifth of November 1622. found among the Lord Cottington's Papers THe King my Father declared at his Death That his intent never was to marry my Sister the Infanta Donna Maria with the Prince of Wales which your Unkle Don Baltazer understood and so treated this Match ever with intention to delay it notwithstanding it is now so far advanced that considering all the aversness of the Infanta to it it is time to seek some means to divert the Treaty
the Infanta Maria sister to the King To which end he had sent his Son into Spain to treat and conclude the match together with George Duke of Buckingham Iohn Earl of Bristol Sir Walter Astone and Sir Francis Cottington Baronets Commissioners on his part for the said Treaty And on the behalf of the King of Spain Iohn de Mendoza and Luna Marquess of Monstes Claros Didacus Sarmiento de Acuna Earl of Gondemar and Iohn de Cirica Secretary to the Secret Council Which Commissioners for both parts qualified by a Dispensation from his Holiness after long and deliberate Dispute in so serious a matter Communi consensu atque judicio in aliqout Capitulationes conditiones ad rem terminandam absolvendam accommodata quae sic se habent convenerunt by one consent and judgment had determined and concluded the same Then followed the before recited Articles after which this long Postscript attesting them Effigies eximÿ viri Dn̄i Didaci Salmienti de Acuna Comitis de Gondomaere EQuitis nobli ordinis Calatravae This Train of Witnesses are set down to shew who were then of Our King's Council though some of them set their hands to it much against their wills and swore with as little zeal to observe and keep as much as in them lay all the aforesaid Articles Such Power have Kings over mens Reasons and Consciences There was some little Contest betwixt our King and the King of Spains Ambassadours about some particular Ceremonies observed in swearing of these Articles For our King having written and spoken against the Popes Holiness would not admit him to be so styled in his Oath But the Ambassadours refused to proceed further unless that Title were consented unto so that Our King affecting ever to be accounted a Peace-maker though he where Defender of the Faith was forced to lay by his Shield admitting him to be holy who was most unholy and so the strife ended Some other little things were stood upon by the Ambassadours but the King's Patience surmounted all their Demands And in the Close of the Businesse he invited the Ambassadours to a Royall Feast at Whitehal where after dinner retiring into the Council-Chamber The King took another private Oath to observe certain Articles in favour of Roman Catholicks for a free exercise of their Religion in all his Dominions Wherein he protested to do what in him lay that the Parliament should confirm the same And thus was the great Business accomplished which gave Our King so much content that being transported with an assurance of the Match he was heard to say Now all the Devils in Hell cannot hinder it So secure was he of it in his own Opinion But one that heard him said to others standing by That there was never a Devil now left in Hell for they were now all gone into Spain to make up the Match This forwardness of the Union with Spain and indulgence to Papists made Iesuits and Priests swarm in every corner setting up their subtile Traps to catch wavering Spirits And they could not hear of a man of estate that was sick for persons of Quality were only aimed at but they would tamper with his weak conscience and persuade him to the Charity of their Religion whereby his Soul that was tainted with earthly corruptions and must needs be purged by Fire before it can come to God should escape the pains of Purgatory or if it went thither their Prayers could redeem them thence with such stuff as this deceiving many poor Soules But their most specious jugling Argument which did catch many ignorant persons was the Visibility of their Church in all Ages as they pretended and their great Question Where the Protestant Church was before Luther Among the rest one Edward Buggs Esquire living in London aged seventy years and an old professed Protestant was seduced by them in his Sickness and after his recovery being troubled in mind at his request and desire there was a publick conference and dispute appointed at Sir Lind's House Lind being a friend to Buggs and a Gentleman of great knowledge and integrity who was able to grapple with the Iesuits himself yet he modestly desired Doctor White and Doctor Featly Protestants to encounter with Father Fisher and Father Sweet Jesuits Where Featly laid their jugling tricks at their Doores protesting to acknowledg himself overcome by them if they could prove out of any good Author let them brag what they would of the Visibility of their Church in all ages that in City Parish or Hamlet within five Hundred years next after Christ there was any visible assembly of Christians to to be named maintaining or defending either the Council of Trent in general or these Points of Popery in special 1. That there is a Treasury of Saints Merits and super abundant Satisfactions at the Pope's disposing 2. That the Laity are not commanded by Christ's Institution to receive the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper in both kinds 3. That the Publick Service of God in the Church ought or may be celebrated in an unknown tongue 4. That Private Masses wherein the Priest saith Edite bibite ex hoc omnes and yet eateth and drinketh himself only are according to Christ's Institution 5. That the Pope's Pardons are requisite or useful to release Souls out of Purgatory 6. That the effect of the Sacrament dependeth upon the Intention of the Minister Here Mr. Sweet interrupted him saying These were Scholastical Points not Fundamental To which Doctor White replied Those things which are defined in your Council of Trent are to you matters Fundamental And whatsoever Article denied makes a Man an Heretick is Fundamental But the denyal of any of these make a Man an Heretick Ergo Every one of these Articles is Fundamental To which Argument nothing being answered Doctor Featly proceeded 7. That extream Unction is a Sacrament properly so called 8. That we may worship God by an Image 9. That the Sacred Host ought to be elevated or carried in solemn Procession 10. That Infidels and impious persons yea Rats and Mice may eat the Body of Christ. 11. That all Ecclesiastical Power dependeth on the Pope 12. That he cannot err in matters of Faith 13. That he hath Power to Canonize Saints to dispose of Kings and Kingdomes at his pleasure c. But the Iesuits not being able to prove that any of these things were in practice in the Primitive Times of Christianity but that they wene fobb'd in by several Popes and Councils in latter times to serve their own turns waved the Argument and insisted upon other particulars not material to the Point striving to confound one thing with another as their manner is that they might complicate and wrap up in obscurity all that was spoken Which Mr. Buggs perceiving rested fully satisfied and confirmed in the Truth But thus the Iesuits ranged up and down seeking whom they might devour and their Insolency being greater and more notorious at this
Pyrenes had bounded it towards Spain And the French Activity being loath to be cooped up thought it better to endure a little inconvenience at home than so much prejudice abroad and therefore to oppose Him they closed with the Protestants And what was it brought them in Obedience The re-edifying of their ruined Temples the restoring and maintaining their banished Ministers and Security in their Religion and Consciences So that it was not their Rebellion that was cause of the War but the War made against their Religion caused it to be called a Rebellion Thus when all other means failed their worst enemies though much against their wills proved to be their best Friends But to return to the Spanish Treaty all this while in Agitation As soon as the Articles Our King had sealed and sworn to observe were come into Spain and the Prince had ratified and comfirmed them and had sworn to another Article there wherein he ties up his own hands and gave leave to Satan and all his complices to buffet him which was To permit at all times that any should freely propose to him the Arguments of the Catholick Religion without giving any impediment and that he would never directly nor indirectly permit any to speak to the Infanta against the same the two Kingdoms of England and Spain as it were shook hands to the Agreement Preparations were made in England to entertain the Infanta a new Church built up at Saint Iames the Prince's house the Foundation stone with much Ceremony laid by Don Carlos a Coloma the Spanish Ambassadour for the publick exercise of her Religion Her very Shadows are courted in every Corner Painters being set a work to take the Height and Dimensions of this new Star that was to rise in the North before it appeared Such as hoped to flourish by her influence grew up to exuberancy what would they do then when they found the effects of it Why be drowned in their own redundancy For the Moderate Spirit did foresee what bad Omens this Apparition did threaten On the other side in Spain the Substance is as much courted as the Shadow is here with the Title of Princess of England her Maiden Restraints are taken off and she may come abroad to publick Meetings where now their Eyes may prattle loving Stories though the great Courtier Olivares gave it no better Title than The Prince watches the Infanta as a Cat doth a Mouse too gross 〈◊〉 Expression for a Master of those Ceremonies And in fine there was such an Union betwixt the two Crowns that it might well be said Philip and Iacob made one Holy-day But this closing betwixt England and Spain made the breach the wider in the House of the Palatine the Restitution of the Palatinate and the Electorate to the Queen of Bohemia and her Children being waved in the Treaty and a great sum of Money proposed as a Dowry which was also lessen'd after the first Proposition and some part of it promised to be sent with Her in Iewels which as one said might be Counterfeit as the rest of their Actions yet Our King accepted of all so eager was He and greedy of the Match that no Obstacle could stand in his way which he did not remove But there was some under-hand promise that the Infanta among the Courte-Complements should work that feat in presenting the Restorative of that Dignity and Country for a break-fast to ingratiate her Self with the Prince her Husband and as a pawn of her good Will and Affection to the English Nation And these Promises with the Spanish stamp were taken in England for current Payment so that all things tended to a Conclusion But time in Spain came too swift upon them they were willing the Infanta should winter there but knew not well how to delay the Prince longer And as they were in this plunge ruminating upon and striving to find out some new Remora to help them Pope Gregory the fifteenth that had granted the Dispensation dies and then their Subtilties flew upon that accident to make-the Dispensation invalid yet with a Reserve to keep up our Prince's Spirit that it should be no hinderance to the Match for the new Pope would instantly do it if not it should be dispatched by the Dean of the Cardinals and the King of Spain assured the Prince That if he would stay till Christmas the Marriage should be really celebrated then These delayes coming one on the neck of another and the Duke of Buckingham having taken some disgust 〈◊〉 Spain presented all things to our King in the worst habit he could put upon them For there had been some jarrs betwixt him and Olivares Two great Favourites though of different Kingdoms could not well squat in one form Olivares hunted Buckingham so close that he had almost caught him in his own Burrow but instead of his Game he incountered some Vermin which darkness could not distinguish who bit him shreudly and whether it were by this Common Hunt I know not but I am sure it was by the Common-Cry that he was so displeased with the Spanish for it that he afterwards much inclined to the French I acknowledge the Gravity and Dignity of History should not appear in such Metaphorical Habiliments but that we now live in an Age where Truth is forced to shroud her self in such Attire lest she should have imprinted on her face a Mark of Malice against Greatness which if it be not ballanced with Goodness and Piety is but an empty and frothy Title But it was said this Tetrical Humour made Buckingham dislike all the Spanish proceedings and just in the nick when it was on him the Queen of Bohemia by a private message gave him some intimation that She and her Children were to be thought on inviting him to be a Witnesse to the Christning of one of them which came fit to his acceptation not so much out of affection to the one Party as in opposition to the other And what disrelished with him gave an ill Savour to Our King who having cause enough to dislike the Spanish delates and finding the Hearts of the People bent against the Match and some neer him as the Duke of Lenox made Duke of Richmond when Buckingham had his Title that the Scots might still precede the English and the Marquess Hamilton made Earl of Cambridge to intitle him a Peer the last Parliament a man of a gallant and stately presence one whom the King much listened to and others having as little affection to it The hopes of a Daughter of France left to give life yet to a Royal Race did bate something of Our King 's keen edge so that he wrote to Buckingham That he could not expect after so long a stay in Spain and so little done that they had any cordial intention to perfect the Treaty and therefore conjured him to bring his Son back with all speed but if his Sonnes youthful follies should tye him to a
what he said in his own excuse My Lords and Gentlemen of both Houses I cannot but commend your Zeal in offering this Petition to me yet on the other side I cannot but hold my Self unfortunate that I should be thought to need a Spur to do that which my Conscience and Duty binds me unto What Religion I am of my Books do declare my Profession and Behaviour doth shew and I hope in God I shall never live to be thought otherwise surely I shall never deserve it And for my part I wish it may be written in Marble and remain to Posterity as a mark upon me when I shall swerve from my Religion For he that doth dissemble with God is not to be trusted with Men. My Lords for my part I protest before God That my Heart hath bled when I have heard of the increase of Popery God is my judge it hath been such a great grief to me that it hath been as Thorns in my Eyes and Pricks in my Sides and so for ever I have been and shall be from turning another way And my Lords and Gentlemen you shall be my Confessors that one way or other it hath been my Desire to hinder the growth of Popery and I could not be an honest Man if I should have done otherwise And this I may say further That if I be not a Martyr I am sure I am a Confessor and in some sense I may be called a Martyr as in the Scripture Isaac was Persecuted by Ismael by mocking Words for never King suffered more ill Tongues than I have done and I am sure for no cause yet I have been far from Persecution for I have ever thought that no way increased any Religion more than Persecution according to that Saying Sanguis Martyrum est Semen Ecclesiae Now my Lords and Gentlemen for your Petition I will not onely grant the Substance of what you craved but add somewhat more of my own For the Two Treaties being already anulled as I have declared them to be it necessarily follows of it self that which you desire and therefore it needs no more but that I do declare by Proclamation which I am ready to do That all Jesuits and Priests do depart by a Day but it cannot be as you desire by Our Proclamation to be out of all my Dominions for a Proclamation here extends but to this Kingdom This I will do and more I will Command all my Judges when they go their Circuits to keep the same Courses for putting all the Laws in Execution against Recusants as they were wont to do before these Treaties for the Laws are still in force and were never dispensed with by me God is my judge they were never so intended by me But as I told you in the beginning of the Parliament you must give me leave as a good Horse-man sometimes to use the Reins and not always to use the Spurs So now there needs nothing but my Declaration for the disarming of them that is already done by the Laws and shall be done as you desired And more I will take order for the shameful disorder of the Resorting of my Subjects to all forein Ambassadours of this I will advise with my Council how it may be best reformed It is true that the Houses of Ambassadors are privileged places and though they cannot take them out of their Houses yet the Lord Mayor and Mr. Recorder of London may take some of them as they come from thence and make them Examples Another Point I will add concerning the Education of their Children of which I have had a principal care as the Lord of Canterbury and the Bishop of Winchester and other Lords of my Council can bear me witness with whom I have advised about this Business For in good faith it is a shame their Children should be bred here as if they were at Rome So I do grant not onely your Desire but more I am sorry I was not the first mover of it to you But had you not done it I should have done it my self Now for the second part of your Petition You have there given me the best advice in the World For it is against the Rule of Wisdom that a King should suffer any of his Subjects to transgress the Laws by the intercession of other Princes and therefore assure your selves that by the Grace of God I will be careful that no such Conditions be foisted in upon any other Treaty whatsoever For it is fit my Subjects should stand or fall to their own Laws If the King had seriously and really considered the Minute of this Petition the very last Clause wherein the Glory of God and the Safety of his Kingdoms so much consisted as the Parliament wisely express and foresee and which the King saith is the best Advice in the World and which he promised so faithfully to observe in the next Treaty of Marriage for his Son it might perhaps have kept the Crown upon the Head of his Posterity But when Princes break with the People in those Promises that concern the Honour of God God will let their people break with them to their Ruin and Dishonour And this Maxim holds in all Powers whether Kingdoms or Common Wealths As they are established by Iustice so the Iustice of Religion which tends most to the Glory of God is principally to be observed The King grants them more than they desire but not so much as they hope for they have many good words thick sown but they produce little good fruit Yet the Parliament followed the Chace close and bolted out divers of the Nobility and Gentry of Eminency Popishly affected that had Earth'd themselves in Places of high Trust and Power in the Kingdom as if they meant to under-mine the Nation Viz. Francis Earl of Rutland the Duke of Buckingham's Wives Father Sir Thomas Compton that was married to the Duke's Mother And the Countess her self who was the Cynosure they all steered by The Earl of Castle-Haven The Lord Herbert after Earl of Worcester The Lord Viscount Colchester after Earl of Rivers The Lord Peter The Lord Morley The Lord Windsor The Lord Eure. The Lord Wotton The Lord Teinham The Lord Scroop who was Lord President of the North and which they omitted the Earl of Northampton Lord President of Wales who married his Children to Papists and permitted them to be bred up in Popery Sir William Courtney Sir Thomas Brudnell Sir Thomas Somerset Sir Gilbert Ireland Sir Francis Stonners Sir Anthony Brown Sir Francis Howard Sir William Powell Sir Francis Lacon Sir Lewis Lewkner Sir William Awberie Sir Iohn Gage Sir Iohn Shelly Sir Henry Carvel Sir Thomas Wiseman Sir Thomas Gerrard Sir Iohn Filpot Sir Thomas Russell Sir Henry Bedingfield Sir William Wrey Sir Iohn Conwey Sir Charles Iones Sir Ralph Connyers Sir Thomas Lamplough Sir Thomas Savage Sir William Moseley Sir Hugh Beston Sir Thomas Riddall Sir Marmaduke Wivel Sir Iohn Townesend Sir William Norris Sir
the violence of foul weather split in pieces Mansfeldt and some of his followers with difficulty escaping in her long Boat got aboard a Pink that brought him into England the Captain and the rest of the company attending the Ships fate were swallowed up in the Sea While Mansfeldt remained in England after some few nights he was lodged at Saint Iames's the Prince's house served and attended in great State by some of the King's Officers and feasted by divers of the Nobility with much magnificence In which time a Press went through the Kingdom for raising twelve thousand foot which with some Cavalry that Mansfeldt expected in Germany and France would make up the Body of a considerable Mansfeldt's design was to go into Germany through France and he had fair Promises from thence not only of admission to pass through the Country but assistance from it These 12000 were digested into Six Regiments The Collonels were the Earl of Lincoln The Lord Doncaster eldest Son to the Earl of Carlile The Lord Cromwel Sir Charles Rich Sir Iohn Burrows late Governour of Frankendale and Collonel Grey a Scotchman that had been an old German Commander one that affected Buff in the time of Peace and wore it in the face of the Court which the King seeing him in and a case of Pistols at his girdle which he never well liked of he told him merrily He was now so fortified that if he were but well victualled he would be impregnable Two Troops of Horse were also raised for this service the Earl of Lincoln had the command of the one and one Gunter an ordinary Horse-Rider was thought the fittest man to command the other as if none could command Horse but such as could make them curvet in a Riding-House And the Ignorance of these times shews that unpractical Reason cannot put forth itself to the height being bound up for want of Exercise for we set a Valuation and esteem upon German and French Horse when like them we knew not our own strength for there are not in the World a more gallant Cavalry both for the Activity of the Riders and Ability of the Horses than may be formed in England as experience hath lately demonstrated These being already in Kent for Transport about the beginning of February and Shipping provided the French began to falter in their Promises notwithstanding Our intimate Correspondence by the Treaty of Marriage agreed on pleading many inconveniencies in the passing of an Army through the Country and the more because Our Men were so unruly in Kent where some of them were tryed by Marshal-Law what would they be then in a strange Country These being but demurs not denials the whole Army is Shipped and put over to Callais to wait the French leisure but the charge of Shipping being above a hundred Sail that attended that service required more speed than their faint and sickly Promises did expedite for the French dallying with them and delaying them happily upon Design the Queen of France being then more affected to the Spanish and a less enemy to her blood and kindred than they have found her since after a long stay Mansfeldt was forced to leave the hopes of his French Horse and sail with his Army into Zealand There the Soldiers lay at the Ramkins a long time in their Ships not suffered to land for the States not dreaming of such a Body of men could not determine suddenly what to do with them besides the Inland waters being frozen Provisions would grow short for their own Army much more for them After some stay in Zealand they sailed up to Guertenberg in Brabant which Town being not well provided with Victuals they were not suffered to land but continuing on Shipboard the Ships stuffed and pestred with men wanting Meat and all manner of Necessaries such a Stench and Pestilence grew among them that they were thrown into the Sea by multitudes so that many hundreds if I may not say thousands beaten upon Shores had their bowels eaten out with Dogs and Swine to the Horror of the Beholders Those bodies that drive up near those Towns where the English were had great pits made for them wherein being thrown by heaps they were cover'd with earth but upon those shores where they were neglected as they were in many parts of Holland a great Contagion followed And of Mansfeldt's twelve thousand men scarce the moity landed This Winter Quarter at Rosendale was also fatal to the Earl of Southampton and the Lord Wriothsley his Son Being both sick there together of burning Feavers the violence of which distemper wrought most vigorously upon the heat of youth overcoming the Son first and the drooping Father having overcome the feaver departed from Rosendale with an intention to bring his Son's body into England but at Berghen ap Zome he dyed of a Lethargy in the view and presence of the Relator and were both in one small bark brought to Southampton PRAENOBIL Dê° HENRIC VRIOTHESLEY COMI SOUTHAMPTON BAR TITCHFEILDIAE ETC. Right Honourable and most noble HENRY Wriothsley Earle of Southampton Baron of Titchfeild Knight of the most nob Ord of the Garter The Marquess Hamilton died before Our King suspected to be poisoned the Symptoms being very presumptuous his head and body swelling to an excessive greatness the body being all over full of great blisters with variety of Colours the hair of his Head Eye-brows and Beard came off being touched and brought the Skin with them and there was a great Clamor of it about the Court so that Doctors were sent to view the Body but the matter was hudled up and little spoken of it only Doctor Eglisham a Scotch-man was something bitter against the Duke as if he had been the Author of it The Marquesses Son had a little before married the Earl of Denbigh's Daughter who was the Duke of Buckingham's Neece and yet this Tie could not oblige a friendship betwixt them because thee Marquess was averse to the Marriage This Distance and other Discontents occasioned some tumorous Discourses which reflected much upon the Duke but they never broke out in this King's time being bound up close as it was thought more by the Duke's Power than his Innocency And not long after him whether our King's care for his Grand-children or the hazard and danger of his own Person at home being ever full of fears or his ingagement in a War abroad being contrary to his very Nature or whether his full feeding and continual use of sweet Wines which he abundantly affected set the gross Humors a work or what other Accident caused his Distemper is uncertain but he fell sick of a Tertian Ague which is not dangerous in the Spring if we believe the Proverb and had some few fits of it After which he fell into a Feaver which was too violent for him A little before his Death he called for the Prince his Son who rising out of his bed something before day and
defeat for the space of 2 years 143. and constrains him and the Duke of Bavaria to purchase their peace at a dear rate ib. comes into Brabant 216. his Souldiers mutiny by the way 217. comes into England 283. Forces raised for him ib. his design ruined ib. Masks in great esteâ—m 53 King of Spain intends not to conclude the Match betwixt the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain 116 Match between the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain treated of 143. who of the Nobility favourers thereof and who not 144 Match with Spain concluded in England 238. as likewise in Spain 247. Marriage Preparations in Spain for it 255. yet the Treaty dissolved Match with France thought of 257 A Treaty of Marriage with France 276 Michael and Mompesson questioned 155. their offence ibid. Mompesson flies Michael censured 158 Monjoy created Earl of Devonshire 6 Monson arraigned but his Trial laid aside 89 Lord Monteagle the Discoverer of the Powder-Treason rewarded 32 Montague Lord Treasurer 148. made Lord Treasurer Viscount Mandevile and Earl of Manchester afterwards Lord Privy Seal 149 N New-England describ'd 75. when first planted and by whom ib. Noblemen created 6 7 Nobility Petition the King 187 Northampton made Lord Privy Seal 43 He and Rochester plot Overburie's death why 66. assists the Countess of Essex in suing out a Divorce 67. engages the Lieutenant of the Tower in poysoning Overbury 70. reviles Overbury after his death 73. touched at heart and dies 74 Northumberland with others committed to the Tower 33. why 130. his marriage and Issue ib. is released out of Prison by intercession of his Son-in-law Viscount Doncaster ib. hardly drawn to take a Release from his hand ib. Rides through London in a Coach drawn by Eight horses ib. O Oath of Allegiance 51 Prince of Orange made Knight of the Garter 64. Death of Maurice Prince of Orange 286. Different carriage of two Princes of Orange ib. Overbury a great assistant of Viscount Rochester 66. opposes his marriage with the Countess of Essex ibid. Rochester and Northampton plot his death ibid. is betray'd by Rochester how 67. committed to the Tower ibid. Mistriss Turner imployed to poison him 70. Weston and Franklin imployed by her therein ib. the Lieutenant of the Tower like ingaged therein ibid. The poison set a work but the operation retarded and by what means 71. Overbury writes to Somerset 72. is betrayed by the Lieutenant of the Tower 73. dies and is scandaliz'd after death by Northampton ibid. Oxford gallantly accompanied goes to the Palatinate 136. his character 161. is committed to the Tower 191. his death 286. P Parliament declines the Union with Scotland 41 Parliament undertaken by Somerset 77. dissolved ibid. Parliament called An. 1620. 150. complies with the King 153 Parties in Parliament 161. Parliament adjourned 164. re-assembled 165. their Petition to the King 174. dissolved by Proclamation 190. Parliament summon'd An. 1623. 257. advises the King to break off the Treaâ—y with Spain 265. their Declaration 269. Petition against Recusants 272. a Catalogue of them taken notice of by it 276 Prince Elector Palatine comes into England 62. is made Knight of the Gartâ—r 64. married to the Lady Elizabeth ib. with whom he returns home 65. is Elected and Crowned King of Bohemia 132. sâ—nds to our King to excuse the suddenness of the acceptation of that Kingdom ib. is proscribed ib. is overcome in his General the Prince of Anbalt 141. Flies with his Queen ib. is censured ib. loss of his Son ib. His Character 142 March of the English into the Palatinate 136. Restitution of the Palatinate demanded by the Lord Digby 154 Piety of the Lord Mayor 106 Prince Henry installed Knight of the Garter 6. created Prince of Wales 52. slights the Countess of Essex 56 his death 62. and funeral 63 Prince of Spain his disaster 62 Prince Charles his Journey into Spain 225. His Attendants ib. He and Buckingham disguise themselves and change their names 225. questioned by the Mayor of Dover 225. pass through France where they have a view of the Princess Henrietta Mariâ— 226. Arrive at Madrid 227. The Prince rides in State to Court 228. His Royal Entertainment 129 Many of the English Nobility flock thither unto him 229. The Spaniards strive to pervert the Prince 229. So doth the Pope by his Letter 231. The Prince's Answer 233. A Dispensation thereupon dispatched to Madrid 235. Articles sworn to by the Prince the Match is concluded in Spain 247. New delaies sought out by the Spaniards 248. The Prince takes a resolution to return home 249. but takes a solemn Oath to solemnize the Marriage 251. After Gifts and Preseots on both sides leaves Madrid and comes to the Esourial ibid. The Description of it 252. The Prince is Feasted there 253. The King and Prince's Complements at parting 253. The Prince in danger by a Tempest 254 Proclamation against Jesuits 51. for uniformity in Religion 11. against New Buildings 48. Proclamation against talking sets peoples tongues a work 190 Protestant Religion in danger 171 Protestants in France providentially relieved by one that hated their Religion 247 Q Queen of Scots translated to Westminster 71 Queen Ann opposes Somerset why 78. Her Death her Character 129 R Rawleigh his Treason 4. his West-Indian Voyage 112. his Design discovered to Gondemar 113. The King by Gondemar incens'd against him 115. He is committed to the Tower 116. beheaded 117. His Character and description ibid. Recusants confin'd to their houses 51 Reformation in the Church fought after 7 Four Regiments sent into Holland 280 Duke of Richmond dies suddenly 257 Dutchess of Richmond her legend 258 Rochester rules all after the death of Prince Henry and Salisbury 65. with Northampton plots Overburie's death 66 S Earl of Salisbury made Lord Treasurer 43. not pleased with Rochester's greatness 91. Obstructs Five thousand pound given him by the King ibid. Lord Sanquir murders Turner a Fencer 59. for which he is hanged 60 Duke of Saxony executes the Imperial Ban 135 Satyrical Sermon 152 Say and Seal his Character 161 Sermon against Ceremonies 11 Somerset devises to get Money 76. undertakes a Parliament 80. opposed by the Queen 78 80. begins to decline 80. The King deserts him ib. He and his Countess seized 81. and Arraigned 82 Somerset's description in his life The Countess in her death 83 Southampton released out of the Tower 4. Restored to the right of Blood and Inheritance 6. His Character 161. Committed 191. He and his Son dies 284 King's Speech to the Parliament Anno 1603. 13. In the Star-Chamber 100. To the Parliament An. 1620. 153. Second Speech to the Lords 155. To the Parliament An. 1623. 259. Bacon's Speech in Star-Chamber 84 Spencer his Character 162. He and Arundel quarrel 163 Spinola forms an Army in Flanders 135. Strives to intercept the English in their March towards the Palatinate 137. Besieges Berghen ap Zome 216. Raises his Siege 218. Besieges Breda 280 Book of Sports
one of you in particular And the like I may say of one that sits there Buckingham He hath been so ready upon all occasions to do good Offices both for the House in general and every Member in particular One proof thereof I hope my Lord of Arundel hath already witnessed unto you in his report made unto you of my answer touching the Privileges of the Nobility how earnestly he spake unto me of that matter Now my Lords the time draws near of your Recess whether Formality will leave you time for proceeding now to Sentence against all or any of the persons now in question I know not But for my part since both Houses have dealt so lovingly and freely with me in giving me as a free Gift two Subsidies in a more loving manner than hath been given to any King before and so accepted by me And since I cannot yet retribute by a General Pardon which hath by Form usually been reserved to the end of a Parliament The least I can do which I can forbear no longer is to do something in present for the ease and good of my People Three Patents at this time have been complained of and thought great Grievances 1. That of the Inns and Hosteries 2. That of Ale-houses 3. That of Gold and Silver Thread My purpose is to strike them all dead and that Time may not be lost I will have it done presently That concerning Ale-houses I would have to be left to the managing of Justices of the Peace as before That of Gold and Silver Thread was most vilely executed both for wrong done to mens persons as also for abuse in the Stuff for it was a kind of false Coin I have already freed the Persons that were in Prison I will now also damn the Patent and this may seem instead of a Pardon All these three I will have recalled by Proclamation and wish you to advise of the fittest Form to that purpose I hear also there is another Bill among you against Informers I desire you my Lords that as you tender my Honour and the good of my People ye will put that Bill to an end as soon as you can and at your next meeting to make it one of your first works For I have already shewed my dislike of that kind of people openly in Star-Chamber and it will be the greatest ease to me and all those that are near about me at Court that may be For I remember that since the beginning of this Parliament Buckingham hath told me he never found such quiet and rest as in this time of Parliament from Projecters and Informers who at other times miserably vexed him at all hours And now I confess that when I looked before upon the face of the Government I thought as every man would have done that the People were never so happy as in my time For even as at divers times I have looked upon many of my Coppices riding about them and they appeared on the outside very thick and well-grown unto me but when I turned into the midst of them I found them all bitten with in and full of Plains and bare Spots like an Apple or Pear fair and smooth without but when ye cleave it asunder you find it rotten at the heart Even so this Kingdom the external Government being as good as ever it was and I am sure as learned Iudges as ever it had and I hope as honest administring Iustice within it and for Peace both at home and abroad I may truly say more setled and longer lasting than ever any before together with as great Plenty as ever so as it was to be thought that every Man might sit in safety under his own Vine and Figtree Yet I am ashamed and it makes my hair stand upright to consider how in this time my People have been vexed and polled by the vile execution of Projects Patents Bills of Conformity and such like which besides the trouble of my People have more exhausted their purses than Subsidies would have done Now my Lords before I go hence since God hath made me the great Iudge of this Land under him and that I must answer for the iustice of the same I will therefore according to my Place remember you of some things though I would not teach you for no man's knowledge can be so good but their memories will be the better to be refreshed And now because you are coming to give Iudgment all which moves from the the King that you may the better proceed take into your Care two things 1. To do Bonum 2. To do it Bené I call Bonum when all is well proved whereupon ye judge for then ye build upon a sure Foundation And by Benè I understand that ye proceed with all formality and legality wherein you have fit occasion to advise with the Iudges who are to assist you with their Opinions in Cases of that Nature and woe be to them if they advise you not well So the ground being good and the form orderly it will prove a Course sitting this High Court of Parliament In Sentence ye are to observe two parts First to recollect that which is worthy of Judging and Censuring And Secondly to proceed against these as against such like Crimes properly We doubt there will be many Matters before you some complained of out of passion and some out of just Cause of grievance Weigh both but be not carried away with the impertinent Discourses of them that name as well innocent men as guilty Proceed judicially and spare none where ye find just Cause to punish But let your Proceedings be according to Law and remember that Laws have not their eyes in their necks but in their foreheads For the Moral Reason for the punishment of Vices in all Kingdoms and Common-wealths is because of the breach of Laws standing in force for none can be punished for breach of Laws by Predestination before they be made There is yet one particular that I am to remember you of I hear that Sir Henry Yelverton who is now in the Tower upon a Sentence given in the Star-Chamber against him for deceiving my Trust is touched concerning a Warrant Dormant which he made while he was my Attorney I protest I never heard of this Warrant dormant before and I hold it as odious a matter as any is before you And if for respect to me ye have forborn to meddle with him in examination because he is my prisoner I do here freely remit him unto you and put him into your hands And this is all I have to say unto you at this time wishing you to proceed justly and nobly according to the Orders of your House And I pray God to bless you and you may assure your selves of my assistance Wishing that what I have said this day among you may be entred into the Records of this House Thus the King strove to mitigate the asperity and sharpness of the humors contracted in the