or_o northern_a country_n it_o have_v on_o the_o south_n denmark_n on_o the_o west_n the_o sea_n on_o the_o east_n swethland_n and_o it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o lapland_n from_o which_o it_o be_v part_v with_o high_a and_o rugged_a mountain_n cover_v over_o with_o continual_a snow_n all_o the_o country_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v unpassable_a by_o reason_n of_o rock_n and_o sharp_a cliff_n and_o it_o be_v also_o stony_a towards_o the_o south_n especial_o in_o that_o part_n which_o lie_v against_o the_o cimbrick_n chersonesus_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v 250_o mile_n distant_a but_o all_o the_o country_n both_o towards_o the_o west_n and_o south_n have_v a_o gentle_a air_n for_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o freeze_v neither_o do_v the_o snow_n lie_v long_o soil_n and_o though_o the_o country_n itself_o be_v not_o so_o fertile_a that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o furnish_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o food_n yet_o it_o abound_v with_o cattle_n and_o wild_a beast_n as_o white_a bear_n of_o a_o unusual_a bigness_n beaver_n and_o innumerable_a other_o creature_n norwey_n be_v sometime_o a_o very_a flourish_a kingdom_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n whereof_o be_v denmark_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o sea_n until_o it_o come_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o hereditary_a succession_n afterward_o in_o the_o interregnum_fw-la it_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o noble_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v choose_v by_o election_n from_o suthdage_a the_o second_o to_o christian_n the_o last_o there_o be_v 45_o king_n now_o it_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o denmark_n there_o be_v at_o this_o time_n in_o it_o five_o royal_a castle_n and_o so_o many_o special_a province_n whereof_o the_o first_o and_o far_a towards_o the_o south_n be_v bahusia_n or_o bay_n the_o town_n subject_n unto_o it_o be_v marstand_v town_n seat_v on_o a_o rocky_a peninsula_n and_o famous_a for_o herring-fishing_a and_o the_o town_n of_o lesser_a note_n be_v koengeef_n or_o congel_n near_o bahus_o and_o oddewold_n otherwise_o call_v odwad_n the_o second_o castle_n be_v aggerhusia_n out_o of_o the_o province_n whereof_o high_a mast_n of_o ship_n oaken_a and_o maple_n plank_n and_o wood_n fit_a for_o build_v house_n be_v yearly_a carry_v into_o spain_n and_o other_o country_n the_o town_n subject_n unto_o it_o be_v astoia_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n to_o which_o stranger_n do_v chief_o resort_v because_o there_o be_v hold_v the_o court_n whither_o cause_n be_v bring_v for_o trial_n out_o of_o all_o part_n of_o norwey_n also_o tonsberg_n or_o konningsberg_n fridrichstad_n saltzburgh_n and_o schin_n or_o schon_n where_o there_o be_v mine_n of_o coppresse_z and_o iron_n also_o hammaria_n the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a heretofore_o be_v bishopric_n but_o now_o commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o asloian_a bishop_n and_o divide_v by_o the_o bay_n of_o mosian_a glide_v between_o they_o the_o three_o be_v the_o castle_n bergerhusia_n under_o which_o be_v the_o city_n of_o bergen_n or_o berga_n and_o staffanger_n but_o berga_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a city_n of_o all_o norwey_n for_o traffic_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o barn_n thereof_o here_o reside_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n and_o a_o bishop_n and_o here_o that_o delicate_a fish_n be_v sell_v which_o be_v take_v near_o the_o shore_n of_o norwey_n be_v call_v the_o fish_n of_o bergen_n be_v transport_v from_o hence_o by_o merchant_n into_o divers_a country_n here_o lie_v the_o factor_n of_o the_o vandal_n &_o the_o sea_n town_n who_o continue_v here_o all_o the_o year_n for_o traffic_v sake_n do_v take_v up_o one_o part_n of_o the_o city_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v the_o bridge_n here_o be_v also_o a_o excellent_a and_o safe_a haven_n the_o city_n staffanger_n although_o it_o have_v the_o same_o governor_n with_o bergen_n yet_o it_o have_v a_o bishop_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o and_o live_v therein_o the_o four_o castle_n be_v nidrosia_n call_v so_o from_o the_o river_n nideros_n &_o rosa_n which_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o temple_n common_o call_v trundtheim_n and_o heretofore_o trondon_n it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o norwey_n and_o now_o reduce_v into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o town_n it_o be_v the_o chief_a seat_n heretofore_o of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n it_o have_v a_o large_a jurisdiction_n in_o which_o much_o fish_n and_o precious_a skin_n be_v get_v and_o afterward_o carry_v to_o bergen_n to_o be_v sell_v and_o here_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o cathedral_n church_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o other_o like_o it_o in_o the_o christian_a world_n both_o for_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o for_o the_o carve_a work_n the_o border_n and_o groundwork_n about_o the_o altar_n in_o this_o church_n be_v burn_v with_o fire_n in_o the_o year_n 1530_o and_o the_o loss_n redound_v thereby_o be_v value_v at_o seven_o thousand_o crown_n the_o five_o and_o last_o tower_n towards_o the_o north_n of_o norwey_n be_v wardbuise_n stand_v on_o the_o little_a island_n ward_n it_o be_v now_o very_o small_a and_o almost_o decay_v have_v neither_o castle_n nor_o munition_n yet_o have_v it_o a_o little_a town_n adjoin_v unto_o it_o which_o consist_v all_o of_o fisherman_n house_n in_o this_o tower_n or_o rather_o cottage_n the_o king_n praefect_n live_v in_o summer_n and_o govern_v this_o cold_a northern_a part_n of_o norwey_n even_o to_o the_o border_n of_o russia_n moreover_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o norwey_n because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o unsearchable_a depth_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n be_v much_o trouble_v with_o whale_n sea_n to_o prevent_v who_o violence_n the_o ship-man_n use_v a_o kind_n of_o oil_n make_v of_o beaver_n stone_n which_o be_v a_o present_a remedy_n for_o assoon_o as_o it_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o mingle_v with_o the_o water_n straightway_o that_o great_a sea-monster_n make_v away_o and_o hide_v himself_o in_o the_o deep_a here_o be_v good_a fish_n in_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n commodity_n &_o especial_o of_o stockfish_n which_o be_v dry_v and_o harden_v in_o the_o cold_a and_o hang_v up_o upon_o pole_n they_o send_v into_o other_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n merchandise_n the_o best_a take_v of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o month_n of_o january_n for_o as_o then_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o cold_a they_o be_v more_o easy_o dry_v so_o the_o sea_n do_v yield_v more_o plenty_n of_o they_o and_o fat_a the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n in_o general_a be_v precious_a skin_n tallow_n butter_n hides_n the_o fat_a of_o whale_n tar_n oak_n timber_n mast_n and_o plank_n and_o board_n of_o all_o sort_n to_o the_o great_a commodity_n of_o those_o who_o sell_v they_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v honest_a people_n love_a and_o hospitable_a to_o stranger_n neither_o norwey_n and_o swethland_n svecia_n et_fw-la norwegia_fw-la etc_fw-la have_v they_o robber_n thief_n or_o pirate_n among_o they_o 〈…〉_o the_o kingdom_n of_o swethland_n be_v a_o ancient_a kingdom_n as_o pliny_n witness_v 〈…〉_o it_o have_v on_o the_o west_n norwey_n on_o the_o north_n lapland_n and_o botnia_n on_o the_o east_n â—â—â—land_n separate_v from_o it_o by_o the_o botnian_a bay_n or_o finish_v sea_n &_o lâ—â—onia_n 〈◊〉_d lâ—sland_n 〈…〉_o disjoin_v from_o it_o by_o the_o baltic_a sea_n call_v by_o taâ—â—â—us_a marâ—_n pâ—grum_fw-la 〈…〉_o by_o the_o sucâ—ians_n mare_n suâ—vicum_n and_o on_o the_o south_n gothia_n it_o be_v a_o comâ—â—â—_n the_o most_o fruitful_a of_o all_o the_o north_n part_n it_o have_v a_o plentiful_a soil_n and_o sea_n lake_n and_o river_n abound_v with_o fish_n of_o divers_a â—â—ndes_v it_o have_v also_o metal_n as_o lead_v iron_n brass_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v dig_v up_o in_o very_a pâ—â—e_n oaâ—e_v near_o slâ—burg_n and_o likewise_o wood_n full_a of_o wild_a beast_n and_o honey_n it_o be_v think_v that_o it_o do_v double_o exceed_v norwey_n both_o in_o largeness_n fruitfulness_n and_o goodness_n of_o soil_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v â—ugged_a and_o moorish_a this_o country_n be_v for_o some_o age_n valiant_o and_o happy_o defend_v &_o enlarge_v by_o the_o native_a king_n thereof_o afterward_o come_v to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o have_v be_v subject_a to_o they_o more_o than_o a_o hundred_o year_n at_o last_o do_v shake_v they_o off_o under_o colour_n that_o the_o law_n wh\ich_a they_o be_v swear_v unto_o at_o their_o coronation_n be_v not_o observe_v and_o hence_o it_o stand_v a_o while_n in_o a_o very_a uncertain_a condition_n but_o now_o it_o be_v return_v again_o to_o the_o native_n out_o of_o which_o it_o choose_v itself_o asleep_o king_n there_o be_v divers_a province_n of_o this_o kingdom_n some_o belong_v to_o the_o goth_n as_o ostgothia_n whereof_o lincop_n be_v the_o metropolis_n 〈…〉_o westgothia_n separate_v with_o a_o ancient_a lake_n from_o ostgothia_n whereof_o scara_n
yet_o at_o the_o last_o they_o be_v whole_o subdue_v and_o bring_v into_o obedience_n to_o the_o roman_n when_o caius_n julius_n the_o dictator_n be_v kill_v at_o rome_n octavianus_n augustus_n succeed_v he_o for_o augustus_n send_v four_o legion_n against_o they_o who_o enter_v the_o province_n do_v waste_v it_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n when_o therefore_o they_o see_v that_o they_o be_v unable_a to_o resist_v the_o roman_a force_n the_o most_o of_o they_o flee_v to_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v very_o steep_a and_o inaccessible_a and_o be_v now_o call_v navaia_n lie_v lengthwaye_n between_o mescua_n and_o eulate_v here_o when_o they_o have_v dwell_v a_o long_a time_n they_o be_v call_v from_o those_o mountain_n navinii_n and_o afterward_o the_o moor_n possess_v spain_n do_v corrupt_o call_v they_o navarri_n but_o be_v oppress_v by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o compel_v to_o forsake_v their_o own_o habitation_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o navarrin_n pyrenaean_a mountain_n where_o they_o choose_v themselves_o a_o king_n and_o for_o many_o succession_n of_o king_n live_v according_a to_o their_o own_o law_n even_o till_o the_o year_n a_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o and_o thirteen_o when_o pope_n julius_n the_o second_o do_v by_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n deprive_v johannes_n albretus_n king_n of_o navarre_n of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o a_o schismatic_a adhere_n to_o lewis_n the_o 12_o king_n of_o france_n and_o give_v a_o fair_a pretext_n &_o occasion_n to_o ferdinand_n the_o catholic_n k._n to_o invade_v navarre_n which_o he_o long_o gape_v for_o he_o therefore_o send_v duke_n alban_n do_v drive_v king_n john_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o successor_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o navarre_n be_v now_o common_o call_v pampelona_n some_o call_v it_o pompeiopolis_n as_o if_o it_o be_v build_v by_o pompeius_n magnus_n it_o be_v situate_v under_o the_o sixteenth_o degree_n and_o eleven_o minute_n of_o longitude_n and_o the_o 44_o degree_n and_o 43_o minute_n of_o latitude_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o chief_a city_n sanctus_n johannes_n pedis_fw-la portus_n mons_fw-la regalis_fw-la amaya_n estella_n olyta_n taffala_n and_o tudela_n the_o old_z and_o new_a castille_n call_v castilia_n or_o castilia_n which_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o castle_n that_o king_n pelagius_n have_v recover_v legion_n from_o the_o moor_n do_v build_v be_v heretofore_o call_v bardulia_n the_o describer_n of_o spain_n do_v make_v it_o twofold_a the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a asturia_n and_o biscay_n do_v compass_v the_o old_a castille_n on_o the_o north_n 〈…〉_o on_o the_o west_n portugal_n on_o the_o south_n new_a castille_n the_o mountain_n which_o run_v through_o the_o length_n of_o spain_n lie_v between_o they_o and_o on_o the_o east_n arragon_n and_o navarre_n the_o country_n be_v very_o fertile_a full_a of_o wine_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o fruit_n saffron_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o live_a creature_n and_o this_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o kingdom_n pelagius_n have_v take_v again_o legio_n from_o the_o moor_n build_v a_o castle_n as_o a_o defence_n against_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o barbarian_n the_o governor_n whereof_o be_v call_v earl_n of_o castille_n 〈◊〉_d and_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o king_n of_o legio_n a_o long_a time_n as_o their_o prince_n even_o to_o ordonius_n the_o second_o the_o fourteen_o king_n of_o asturia_n and_o legio_n who_o have_v call_v the_o earl_n and_o noble_n of_o castille_n unto_o he_o under_o the_o colour_n of_o parley_n behead_v they_o this_o wicked_a act_n the_o castilian_n stomack_v government_n and_o have_v cast_v off_o their_o obedience_n to_o the_o king_n of_o legio_n they_o choose_v two_o judge_n out_o of_o themselves_o nunius_fw-la rasura_fw-la and_o lainus_fw-la calvus_n one_o to_o give_v judgement_n and_o the_o other_o to_o oversee_v matter_n of_o war_n who_o child_n and_o posterity_n be_v afterward_o call_v earl_n of_o castille_n even_o to_o sanctius_n major_a king_n of_o navarre_n who_o when_o by_o his_o warlike_a valour_n he_o have_v take_v corduba_n and_o toledo_n from_o the_o saracen_n and_o have_v thrust_v out_o all_o the_o moor_n out_o of_o navarre_n arragon_n castille_n 〈◊〉_d portugal_n and_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n restore_v all_o spain_n to_o the_o christian_n and_o have_v marry_v eluira_n the_o daughter_n of_o sanctius_n earl_n of_o caâ—_n and_o sister_n to_o the_o last_o earl_n of_o garsia_n write_v himself_o in_o the_o right_n of_o her_o dâ—â—y_n not_o earl_n but_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o son_n 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v enrich_v with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o legio_n by_o his_o wife_n 〈◊〉_d sanctius_n the_o son_n do_v succeed_v ferdinand_n and_o after_o he_o his_o brother_n 〈◊〉_d who_o daughter_n vâ—raca_n for_o the_o heir_n male_a die_v when_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o raâ—mundus_n berengarius_fw-la earl_n of_o tolosa_n her_o former_a husband_n she_o have_v marry_v alphonsus_n king_n of_o arragon_n the_o kingdom_n of_o â—â—raâ—on_n câ—â—â—es_n castille_n and_o legio_n come_v to_o be_v unite_v the_o metropolis_n of_o 〈◊〉_d castille_n be_v the_o city_n of_o spain_n burges_n common_o call_v burgos_n ptolemie_n think_v it_o shall_v be_v call_v bravum_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a city_n famous_a for_o many_o thing_n and_o deserve_v to_o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o spain_n for_o it_o have_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o lesser_a town_n under_o it_o every_o where_o beautify_v with_o great_a fair_a and_o convenient_a house_n adorn_v with_o market_n place_n street_n bridge_n temple_n friaries_n and_o river_n and_o be_v very_o notable_a for_o the_o incredible_a diligence_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o whatsoever_o age_n sex_n or_o condition_n round_o about_o the_o metropolis_n divers_a town_n be_v pleasant_o and_o commodious_o seat_v as_o palentia_n situate_v the_o old_z and_o new_a castille_n castilia_n vetus_fw-la et_fw-la nova_fw-la on_o the_o bank_n of_o carrion_n pliny_n call_v it_o palantia_n as_o also_o mela_n ptolemy_n and_o appianus_n strabo_n call_v it_o pallantia_n and_o antoninus_n corrupt_o peralantia_n also_o the_o town_n valdoletum_n heretofore_o a_o royal_a seat_n and_o one_o of_o the_o seven_o ancient_a university_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v the_o fair_a and_o most_o delightful_a place_n not_o only_o in_o spain_n but_o also_o in_o all_o europe_n as_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o most_o pleasant_a bank_n of_o pesuerga_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o city_n which_o can_v be_v prefer_v before_o it_o for_o the_o fertilenesse_n of_o the_o soil_n round_o about_o it_o it_o have_v a_o fair_a and_o large_a marketplace_n the_o circuit_n whereof_o be_v seven_o hundred_o pace_n and_o whereas_o this_o town_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o many_o respect_n yet_o it_o be_v especial_o honour_v by_o the_o birth_n of_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v common_o call_v valladolid_n which_o some_o do_v interpret_v the_o vale_n of_o oletus_n ptolemie_n call_v it_o pintia_n and_o antoninus_n pinâ—â—a_n as_o cusius_n think_v also_o simanca_n call_v by_o antoninus_n septimanca_n and_o camora_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v sarabris_n as_o clusius_n think_v but_o antoninus_n corrupt_o sabaria_n yet_o florianus_n deal_v campo_n and_o gomerâ—us_o do_v think_v that_o sarabris_n be_v that_o town_n which_o be_v common_o call_v tora_n and_o in_o latin_a taurus_n near_o to_o the_o river_n durius_n 1240._o salmantica_n be_v not_o the_o last_o in_o account_n which_o pylaenus_n call_v salmatis_n but_o be_v common_o call_v salamanca_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o near_o the_o river_n which_o be_v common_o call_v gada_n be_v the_o city_n of_o count_n roderick_n call_v ancient_o ciudad_n rodrigo_n which_o as_o vasaeus_n and_o clusius_n think_v ptolemy_n will_v have_v to_o be_v myrobriga_n from_o hence_o southward_o be_v coria_n heretofore_o call_v caurita_n as_o clusius_n write_v andraeas_n schottus_n do_v affirm_v that_o by_o the_o modern_a latin_a writer_n it_o be_v call_v cauria_n about_o nine_o league_n on_o the_o east_n from_o cauria_n be_v placentia_n a_o fair_a city_n who_o citron_n and_o other_o fruit_n as_o also_o their_o white_a bread_n be_v chief_o commend_v and_o desire_v it_o be_v commoâ—â—â—_n call_v plazentia_n placentia_n have_v many_o pleasant_a town_n undâ—_n jurisdiction_n among_o which_o be_v xavahicium_n proud_a of_o her_o wood_n and_o lie_a in_o a_o valley_n like_o a_o altar_n as_o marinaeus_n note_v in_o the_o innermost_a part_n of_o a_o church_n the_o mountain_n adjacent_a and_o lie_v near_o to_o placentia_n be_v name_v from_o the_o city_n verade_n placentiae_fw-la also_o bishop_n avila_n call_v by_o ptolemie_n olbula_n as_o clusius_n will_v have_v it_o not_o far_o from_o the_o fountain_n of_o areva_n lie_v segobia_n which_o pliny_n and_o antoninus_n call_v segovia_n and_o ptolemie_n segubia_n it_o be_v a_o city_n famous_a for_o cloath-making_a and_o wherein_o as_o vasaeus_n write_v this_o be_v memorable_a that_o
the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o city_n be_v the_o king_n palace_n which_o they_o call_v king_n arthur_n chair_n on_o the_o west_n there_o be_v a_o steep_a rock_n and_o on_o the_o rock_n a_o great_a tower_n which_o the_o scot_n do_v common_o call_v the_o maiden_n tower_n which_o be_v the_o same_o which_o ptolemie_n call_v the_o winge_a castle_n there_o be_v also_o other_o city_n and_o famous_a town_n in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o we_o will_v describe_v particular_o in_o their_o place_n in_o the_o valley_n there_o be_v many_o lake_n marsh_n fountain_n and_o river_n full_a of_o fish_n the_o great_a part_n whereof_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n grampius_n of_o which_o we_o will_v make_v mention_n in_o our_o next_o description_n sea_n the_o scottish_a sea_n be_v full_a of_o oyster_n port_n herring_n coral_n and_o shellfish_n of_o divers_a kind_n scotland_n have_v many_o havens_n &_o bayes_n among_o which_o letha_n be_v a_o most_o convenient_a haven_n mountain_n the_o country_n itself_o be_v very_o rugged_a and_o mountainous_a and_o on_o the_o very_a mountain_n have_v plain_a level_n ground_n which_o do_v afford_v pasturage_n for_o cattle_n grampius_n be_v the_o great_a mountain_n and_o do_v run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o scotland_n it_o be_v common_o call_v grasebaim_n or_o grantzbaine_n wood_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o crooked_a mountain_n for_o it_o bend_v itself_o from_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o german_a sea_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o pass_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o country_n towards_o the_o irish_a sea_n end_v at_o the_o lake_n lomund_n it_o be_v heretofore_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n at_o aberdon_n there_o be_v woody_a mountain_n it_o be_v think_v that_o here_o be_v the_o forest_n of_o caledonia_n which_o lucius_n florus_n call_v saltus_fw-la caledonius_fw-la very_o spacious_a and_o by_o reason_n of_o great_a tree_n impassable_a and_o it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o mountain_n grampius_n moreover_o not_o only_o ancient_a writing_n and_o manuscript_n but_o also_o temple_n friaries_n monastery_n wâ—â—ks_n hospital_n and_o other_o place_n devote_v to_o religion_n do_v testify_v that_o the_o scot_n be_v not_o the_o last_o 4â—1_n among_o the_o europaean_o who_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o do_v observe_v and_o reverence_v it_o above_o other_o the_o royal_a palace_n of_o edinburgh_n of_o which_o i_o speak_v before_o be_v very_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n be_v their_o capitol_n or_o parliamenthouse_n the_o duke_n earl_n baron_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v their_o palace_n in_o the_o city_n when_o they_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n the_o city_n itself_o be_v not_o build_v of_o brick_n but_o of_o free_a square_a stone_n so_o that_o the_o several_a house_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o great_a palace_n but_o enough_o of_o this_o let_v we_o pass_v to_o other_o thing_n the_o people_n of_o scotland_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o rank_n or_o order_n the_o nobility_n the_o clergy_n and_o the_o laiety_n the_o ecclesiastical_a order_n have_v two_o archbishop_n one_o of_o s._n andrew_n government_n primate_n of_o all_o scotland_n the_o other_o of_o glasco_n there_o be_v eight_o bishopric_n under_o the_o archbishop_n of_o saint_n andrew_n of_o dunkeld_n of_o aberdon_n of_o murray_n of_o dunblan_n of_o brecchin_n of_o rosse_n of_o cathanes_n and_o of_o orkney_n under_o the_o bishop_n of_o gallowaâ—_n glasgo_n there_o be_v three_o to_o wit_n the_o bishop_n of_o candida_fw-la casa_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o argile_n argadia_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o isle_n namely_o sura_n mura_n yla_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n son_n lawful_o beget_v have_v the_o first_o place_n of_o which_o if_o there_o be_v many_o the_o elder_a son_n be_v call_v prince_n of_o scotland_n the_o rest_n be_v only_o call_v prince_n but_o when_o the_o king_n be_v public_o crown_v he_o promise_v to_o all_o the_o people_n that_o he_o will_v keep_v and_o observe_v the_o law_n rite_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o use_v they_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v the_o duke_n have_v the_o second_o place_n the_o earl_n the_o three_o and_o those_o noble_n the_o four_o place_n who_o be_v not_o know_v by_o that_o title_n in_o foreign_a country_n but_o the_o scot_n do_v call_v they_o my_o lord_n this_o name_n be_v so_o much_o esteem_v among_o they_o that_o for_o honour_n sake_n they_o attribute_v it_o to_o their_o bishop_n earl_n and_o chief_a magistrate_n in_o the_o five_o place_n be_v the_o knight_n and_o baron_n who_o be_v usual_o call_v lord_n they_o be_v in_o the_o six_o and_o last_o place_n who_o have_v attain_v to_o no_o title_n of_o honour_n but_o yet_o descend_v from_o a_o noble_a family_n be_v therefore_o common_o call_v gentleman_n as_o the_o brother_n and_o son_n of_o earl_n and_o lord_n the_o young_a son_n of_o knight_n who_o have_v no_o part_n in_o the_o inheritance_n because_o by_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n that_o come_v unto_o the_o elder_a son_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o family_n but_o the_o common_a people_n call_v all_o those_o gentleman_n who_o be_v either_o rich_a or_o well_o speak_v of_o for_o their_o hospitality_n the_o whole_a weight_n of_o war_n do_v depend_v on_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o low_a degree_n the_o plebeian_n or_o citizen_n be_v partly_o chief_a man_n who_o bear_v office_n in_o their_o city_n partly_o merchant_n and_o partly_o tradesman_n or_o handycraftesman_n all_o which_o because_o they_o be_v free_a from_o tribute_n and_o other_o burden_n do_v easy_o grow_v rich_a and_o lest_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v too_o heavy_o enact_v against_o any_o city_n the_o king_n permit_v that_o in_o public_a assembly_n or_o parliament_n three_o or_o four_o citizen_n be_v call_v out_o of_o every_o city_n shall_v free_o interpose_v their_o opinion_n concern_v matter_n propound_v heretofore_o the_o clergy_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o decree_n &_o counsel_n but_o now_o as_o the_o rest_n they_o be_v rule_v by_o the_o law_n which_o the_o king_n have_v devise_v or_o confirm_v by_o their_o royal_a assent_n the_o book_n which_o contain_v the_o municipal_a law_n write_v in_o latin_a be_v entitle_v regius_fw-la majestas_fw-la the_o king_n majesty_n because_o the_o book_n begin_v with_o those_o word_n in_o the_o other_o book_n of_o the_o law_n the_o act_n of_o their_o counsel_n which_o be_v call_v parliament_n be_v write_v in_o scotch_a there_o be_v many_o and_o divers_a magistrate_n in_o scotland_n as_o in_o other_o nation_n among_o these_o the_o chief_a and_o next_o to_o the_o king_n be_v the_o protector_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o they_o call_v the_o governor_n he_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n if_o the_o commonwealth_n at_o any_o time_n be_v deprive_v of_o her_o king_n or_o the_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o tender_a age_n can_v manage_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v also_o a_o continual_a senate_n at_o edenburrough_n so_o frame_v of_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n that_o the_o clergy_n do_v in_o number_n equal_v the_o laiety_n the_o clergy_n have_v a_o precedent_n over_o they_o who_o have_v the_o first_o place_n in_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n unless_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v present_a for_o he_o have_v the_o chief_a place_n in_o all_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o that_o sit_v on_o matter_n of_o life_n and_o death_n they_o call_v the_o great_a justice_n he_o that_o look_v to_o sea-matter_n the_o admiral_n he_o that_o look_v to_o the_o camp_n the_o marshal_n and_o he_o that_o punish_v offence_n commit_v in_o the_o court_n be_v call_v the_o constable_n there_o be_v also_o in_o several_a province_n which_o they_o call_v viecounty_n those_o which_o be_v governor_n of_o they_o who_o by_o a_o ancient_a name_n they_o call_v viscount_n their_o authority_n in_o decide_v those_o matter_n which_o belong_v to_o civil_a cause_n do_v depend_v on_o a_o certain_a hereditary_a right_n by_o which_o they_o claim_v also_o unto_o themselves_o those_o vicountship_n so_o that_o these_o viscount_n may_v be_v say_v not_o to_o be_v create_v by_o the_o king_n but_o bear_v unto_o it_o by_o right_a from_o their_o parent_n the_o city_n also_o and_o town_n have_v their_o governor_n their_o bailiff_n and_o other_o magistrate_n of_o that_o kind_n who_o keep_v the_o citizen_n in_o obedience_n and_o do_v maintain_v and_o defend_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o city_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o scotland_n by_o the_o apt_a disposition_n and_o rank_v of_o degree_n by_o the_o holy_a majesty_n of_o law_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o magistrate_n do_v flourish_v and_o deserve_v great_a
be_v the_o bishop_n seat_n also_o southern_a gothia_n or_o sâ—â—alandia_n â—uâ—sâ—ia_fw-la verendia_fw-it in_o which_o vexio_n or_o wexo_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n also_o meringia_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o oâ—land_n fortify_v with_o the_o castle_n borgholm_n other_o province_n there_o be_v that_o belong_v to_o swethland_n special_o so_o call_v as_o oplandia_n in_o which_o be_v vpsal_n in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o swethland_n here_o be_v a_o archbishop_n seat_n public_a school_n and_o many_o sepulcher_n of_o the_o king_n of_o swethland_n magnificent_o and_o fair_o build_v also_o stocholm_n a_o faiâ—e_a mart_n town_n and_o one_o of_o the_o king_n place_n of_o residence_n be_v fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o marshie_a fenny_a place_n like_o venice_n and_o be_v name_v as_o aforesaid_a because_o it_o be_v build_v upon_o stake_n there_o be_v a_o passage_n to_o it_o out_o of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n by_o a_o deep_a channel_n through_o the_o jaw_n of_o mâ—lerus_n and_o it_o do_v let_v the_o sea_n flow_v so_o far_o into_o it_o that_o ship_n of_o great_a but_o then_o may_v easy_o come_v with_o full_a sail_n into_o the_o haven_n but_o the_o tower_n waxholme_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o digna_fw-la on_o the_o other_o side_n do_v so_o straighten_v the_o entrance_n that_o no_o ship_n can_v come_v in_o or_o go_v forth_o against_o the_o governor_n will_v who_o keep_v watch_v there_o on_o the_o southern_a bank_n of_o mâ—leâ—â—â—_n lie_v sudermannia_n who_o town_n be_v tolgo_n strengenes_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o the_o castle_n gripsholme_n in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v nâ—â—â—ctâ—_n in_o which_o be_v the_o castle_n orebo_n &_o towards_o the_o west_n the_o country_n of_o westmannia_n and_o the_o city_n arosia_n near_o to_o which_o there_o be_v such_o excellent_a silver_n that_o artificer_n can_v extract_v out_o of_o fifteen_o pound_n of_o silver_n one_o pound_n of_o gold_n and_o arboga_n do_v lie_v near_o unto_o a_o lake_n from_o thence_o towards_o the_o west_n do_v lie_v western_a dalia_n the_o eastern_a and_o solâ—es_v dalia_n so_o call_v from_o the_o lake_n solâ—on_n which_o three_o province_n together_o with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o mountainous_a province_n be_v under_o the_o bishop_n of_o saâ—â—â—sâ—_n here_o be_v mineral_n vein_n which_o stretch_v themselves_o eastward_o to_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o to_o the_o bay_n of_o helsingâ—a_n and_o towards_o the_o west_n they_o run_v almost_o without_o interruption_n through_o wermeland_n to_o the_o western_a ocean_n so_o that_o in_o every_o part_n there_o be_v dig_v up_o some_o kind_n of_o mettle_n as_o silver_n coppresse_z lead_v iron_n steele_n or_o sulphur_n towards_o the_o north_n near_o unto_o opland_n be_v these_o country_n first_o gestricia_n than_o helsing_n after_o that_o midelpadia_n and_o beyond_o that_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a angermannia_n then_o be_v there_o north-botnia_a divide_v into_o west-botnia_a and_o east-botnia_a both_o of_o they_o be_v large_a province_n and_o after_o these_o towards_o the_o north_n lie_v thereof_o scricfinnia_n foolish_a lapland_n and_o biarmia_n these_o or_o most_o of_o these_o ancient_a province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o swethland_n the_o botnick_a bay_n stretch_v forth_o from_o the_o balthick_n straight_o northward_o to_o toronia_n &_o beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n do_v divide_v from_o finland_n a_o large_a peninsula_n at_o the_o southward_n point_v whereof_o be_v the_o island_n of_o alandia_n or_o alant_fw-la and_o abo_n a_o bishop_n seat_n and_o on_o the_o north_n point_fw-fr withurgeum_n finland_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o northern_a &_o southern_a finland_n to_o which_o the_o high_a and_o low_a natagundia_n savolosia_n tavastia_n all_o very_a large_a country_n be_v adjoin_v from_o thence_o beyond_o the_o finnick_n bay_n be_v rusâ—â—a_n corelia_n the_o metropolis_n whereof_o be_v hexholme_n or_o kexholme_n and_o towards_o the_o west_n wotichonia_n in_o which_o be_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n lovat_n that_o glide_v by_o novogardia_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v nigh_o above_o copora_fw-la be_v ingria_n in_o which_o stand_v the_o fort_n jamagrod_v and_o solonseia_n wherein_o stand_v ivanogrod_v over_o against_o nerva_n or_o narva_n confine_v upon_o these_o towards_o the_o south_n be_v the_o province_n of_o lieflandia_n or_o civonia_n extend_v even_o from_o nerva_n to_o revalia_n or_o revel_v and_o prenovia_n or_o parniew_n as_o first_o allantacia_n wherein_o nerva_n be_v a_o bishop_n see_v then_o wiria_n whereof_o wesemberg_n be_v a_o bishop_n see_v beside_o wichia_n wherein_o habsay_n be_v a_o bishop_n seat_n and_o the_o isle_n dagen_n or_o dachlen_n most_o of_o which_o country_n beyond_o the_o finnick_n bay_n be_v add_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o swethland_n in_o the_o year_n 1581._o by_o the_o valour_n and_o good_a success_n of_o king_n john_n the_o three_o after_o that_o revalia_n have_v willing_o yield_v itself_o to_o ericus_n the_o fourteen_o king_n of_o swede_n anno_fw-la 1561._o swethland_n have_v many_o fishing-water_n river_n and_o many_o river_n glide_v through_o it_o the_o country_n itself_o be_v rugged_a be_v full_a of_o mountain_n and_o wood_n mountain_n wood_n the_o subject_n be_v partly_o churchman_n partly_o layman_n senator_n the_o layman_n be_v either_o noble_n or_o commons_o the_o chief_a title_n of_o nobility_n be_v knighthood_n which_o be_v solemn_o confer_v by_o the_o king_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o virtue_n manner_n the_o province_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o native_n if_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v compare_v with_o the_o german_n they_o have_v less_o civility_n but_o be_v more_o industrious_a and_o witty_a so_o that_o every_o country-fellow_n with_o they_o have_v skill_n almost_o in_o all_o trade_n and_o all_o mechanic_n arts._n the_o state_n politic_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n denmark_n be_v a_o large_a and_o populous_a kingdom_n common_o call_v danemarch_n as_o it_o be_v the_o country_n of_o the_o dane_n but_o whence_o the_o original_a of_o the_o dane_n come_v they_o themselves_o do_v not_o know_v some_o do_v fetch_v it_o from_o danus_n their_o first_o king_n and_o some_o from_o the_o dahi_fw-la a_o people_n of_o asia_n dudo_fw-la de_fw-la s._n quintino_n a_o ancient_a writer_n as_o camden_n report_v do_v affirm_v that_o they_o come_v out_o of_o scandia_n into_o the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o but_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o water_n because_o aha_o with_o they_o signify_v a_o river_n and_o they_o do_v call_v themselves_o daneman_n that_o be_v as_o it_o be_v river-man_n or_o watermen_n all_o denmark_n be_v a_o peninsula_n as_o the_o description_n show_v and_o be_v divide_v into_o 184_o prefectship_n or_o province_n which_o they_o call_v horret_fw-la and_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o so_o many_o prefect_n skilful_a in_o the_o danish_a law_n it_o have_v a_o king_n rather_o by_o election_n of_o the_o noble_n than_o by_o succession_n of_o birth_n the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o choose_v he_o be_v that_o when_o they_o give_v their_o voice_n they_o stand_v in_o the_o open_a field_n upon_o stone_n devote_v by_o the_o firm_a stability_n of_o the_o stone_n under_o they_o the_o constancy_n of_o their_o election_n the_o king_n be_v crown_v at_o hafnia_n in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n before_o the_o altar_n and_o be_v lead_v into_o the_o aforesaid_a church_n by_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o ensign_n of_o regality_n be_v carry_v before_o they_o as_o the_o sword_n globe_n and_o crown_n neither_o be_v these_o thing_n attribute_v to_o special_a family_n as_o it_o be_v in_o most_o country_n but_o as_o every_o one_o excel_v in_o virtue_n and_o dignity_n so_o be_v he_o choose_v to_o that_o place_n first_o the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v observe_v certain_a write_v article_n and_o that_o he_o will_v strict_o defend_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n afterward_o he_o be_v anoint_a by_o the_o bishop_n of_o roeschild_n and_o first_o the_o crown_n be_v set_v upon_o his_o head_n by_o all_o the_o senator_n who_o then_o take_v their_o oath_n to_o his_o majesty_n if_o they_o have_v not_o do_v it_o before_o the_o coronation_n and_o then_o the_o king_n make_v out_o of_o the_o gentry_n some_o knight_n by_o the_o light_a stroke_n of_o a_o sword_n for_o some_o service_n do_v either_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n thus_o the_o ancient_a dane_n do_v establish_v a_o excellent_a political_a state_n and_o monarchy_n neither_o have_v any_o nation_n ever_o bring_v they_o into_o subjection_n or_o take_v away_o their_o country_n rite_n and_o privilege_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o northern_a people_n as_o the_o dane_n swedens_n norwegian_n have_v waste_v almost_o europe_n and_o in_o some_o place_n have_v establish_v kingdom_n for_o the_o expedition_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o against_o italy_n be_v know_v unto_o all_o historiographer_n as_o
also_o the_o goth_n subject_v of_o spain_n the_o longobard_n establish_v of_o a_o kingdom_n in_o italy_n the_o norman_n seat_v themselves_o in_o france_n the_o erect_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o sicily_n and_o the_o attempt_n of_o godfride_n upon_o freseland_n against_o charles_n the_o great_a germany_n canutus_n the_o great_a his_o holding_z five_o kingdom_n a_o long_a time_n for_o he_o be_v king_n of_o denmark_n swethland_n norwey_n england_n and_o normandy_n and_o son_n in_o law_n to_o henry_n the_o three_o emperor_n of_o who_o these_o verse_n be_v yet_o extant_a desine_fw-la mirari_fw-la quos_fw-la garrula_fw-la laudibus_fw-la effert_fw-la graecia_n quos_fw-la jactat_fw-la roma_fw-la superba_fw-la deuce_n etc._n etc._n cease_v thou_o to_o wonder_v at_o those_o captain_n bold_a of_o which_o both_o greece_n and_o rome_n do_v boast_v of_o old_a for_o now_o the_o danish_a land_n have_v bring_v forth_o one_o that_o be_v in_o virtue_n second_o unto_o none_o by_o my_o achievement_n i_o much_o fame_n attain_v five_o kingdom_n subject_a be_v to_o my_o command_n and_o i_o he_o choose_v his_o son_n in_o law_n to_o be_v who_o be_v three_o emperor_n of_o germany_n my_o justice_n famous_a be_v i_o show_v the_o way_n how_o powerful_a king_n shall_v their_o own_o law_n obey_v by_o which_o it_o appear_v as_o also_o by_o the_o follow_a war_n which_o divers_a king_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o oldenburgs_n happy_o wage_v that_o it_o be_v a_o warlike_a nation_n and_o fortunate_a in_o vanquish_a their_o enemy_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n the_o noble_a man_n and_o senator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v a_o free_a power_n to_o elect_v the_o king_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o choose_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n unless_o there_o be_v some_o sufficient_a cause_n for_o the_o contrary_n however_o they_o always_o choose_v one_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n and_o they_o do_v not_o suffer_v the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v divide_v unless_o they_o be_v compel_v thereunto_o by_o civil_a war_n they_o send_v the_o young_a son_n or_o brother_n into_o other_o country_n see_v they_o can_v participate_v in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o so_o many_o expedition_n be_v undertake_v by_o they_o moreover_o see_v all_o the_o noble_n and_o common-people_n can_v live_v convenient_o in_o their_o own_o country_n therefore_o they_o seek_v out_o to_o get_v themselves_o a_o more_o fit_a seat_n for_o the_o northern_a people_n have_v abundance_n of_o child_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o abundance_n of_o blood_n and_o heat_n they_o be_v quarreller_n and_o fighter_n they_o drink_v and_o eat_v much_o for_o the_o cold_a air_n excite_v their_o appetite_n and_o yet_o digest_v it_o well_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o live_v long_o they_o be_v fair_a complexioned_a of_o great_a stature_n crafty_a and_o faithful_a and_o a_o argument_n that_o they_o be_v long_o live_v be_v that_o their_o king_n have_v reign_v very_o long_o many_o of_o they_o thirty_o year_n some_o forty_o and_o some_o long_o the_o political_a government_n there_o be_v five_o state_n or_o order_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o denmark_n the_o first_o be_v of_o the_o king_n family_n the_o second_o of_o the_o noble_n situation_n among_o which_o there_o be_v neither_o earl_n nor_o baron_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o can_v show_v how_o their_o nobility_n descend_v to_o they_o by_o a_o long_a pedigree_n of_o ancestor_n they_o carry_v buckler_n which_o they_o will_v not_o change_v nor_o alter_v because_o they_o ancient_o use_v they_o there_o be_v some_o family_n yet_o live_v who_o ancestor_n be_v present_a at_o the_o parley_n between_o charles_n the_o great_a &_o hemmingus_fw-la king_n of_o denmark_n upon_o the_o river_n egidora_n or_o eider_n as_o the_o family_n of_o vren_n and_o other_o these_o hold_v their_o good_n and_o land_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o they_o have_v free_a liberty_n to_o hawk_v and_o hunt_v in_o their_o own_o land_n as_o the_o count_n have_v in_o germany_n their_o good_n be_v not_o feudatory_a but_o hereditary_a all_o the_o castle_n land_n and_o good_n as_o well_o movable_a as_o immovable_a leave_v they_o by_o their_o parent_n be_v equal_o divide_v among_o the_o brethren_n and_o the_o sister_n by_o a_o special_a privilege_n have_v a_o share_n also_o yet_o so_o that_o the_o brother_n have_v two_o part_n with_o the_o castle_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n and_o the_o sister_n but_o one_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o elder_a son_n have_v not_o much_o land_n yet_o some_o of_o they_o come_v of_o a_o good_a family_n and_o be_v endue_v with_o virtue_n through_o the_o king_n favour_n do_v advance_v themselves_o to_o great_a possession_n by_o marriage_n out_o of_o this_o order_n the_o senator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v choose_v who_o be_v seldom_o more_o than_o 28._o these_o senator_n have_v a_o certain_a allowance_n from_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n for_o they_o have_v castle_n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v senator_n for_o which_o they_o pay_v no_o rent_n to_o the_o king_n but_o be_v charge_v to_o keep_v certain_a horse_n both_o in_o peace_n and_o war_n and_o whensoever_o the_o king_n call_v they_o they_o be_v to_o be_v ready_a at_o the_o proper_a charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o they_o be_v send_v on_o any_o embassage_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o have_v allowance_n out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n that_o they_o may_v perform_v their_o journey_n in_o a_o princely_a manner_n as_o become_v a_o king_n ambassador_n the_o other_o noble_n also_o have_v sufficient_a maintenance_n from_o the_o king_n whether_o they_o live_v at_o court_n or_o not_o for_o the_o king_n have_v land_n which_o in_o the_o danish_a speech_n be_v call_v verleghninge_v or_o benefice_n and_o out_o of_o these_o he_o give_v maintenance_n either_o for_o term_v of_o life_n or_o for_o year_n to_o those_o who_o have_v do_v he_o or_o the_o kingdom_n any_o service_n and_o those_o who_o hold_v these_o benefice_n of_o the_o king_n be_v charge_v to_o keep_v certain_a horse_n and_o to_o pay_v yearly_a a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n into_o the_o exchequer_n yet_o so_o as_o they_o may_v gain_v something_o in_o reward_n of_o their_o labour_n and_o service_n there_o be_v also_o a_o good_a law_n &_o institution_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n whereby_o the_o king_n be_v prohibit_v and_o restrain_v from_o buy_v any_o immovable_a good_n of_o the_o noble_n lest_o any_o dissension_n shall_v arise_v between_o the_o king_n and_o they_o for_o otherwise_o the_o king_n may_v by_o violence_n take_v into_o his_o hand_n those_o land_n which_o the_o noble_n will_v not_o sell_v yet_o the_o king_n may_v change_v any_o immovable_a good_n with_o the_o noble_n though_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o noble_n can_v buy_v any_o of_o they_o of_o the_o king_n farmer_n many_o of_o which_o have_v hereditary_a and_o as_o it_o be_v free_a land_n here_o follow_v the_o name_n of_o the_o special_a family_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n the_o lord_n of_o kaas_z the_o l._n guldensteen_n the_o lord_n of_o munc_fw-la of_o rosencrantz_n of_o grub_n of_o walkendorp_n of_o brahe_n of_o schram_n of_o pasberg_n of_o hardenberg_n of_o vlstant_a of_o bing_n of_o below_o of_o wepfert_n of_o goce_n of_o schefeldt_n of_o ranzow_n of_o schelen_n of_o frese_n of_o jul_n of_o belde_n of_o dresselberg_n of_o green_a of_o brockenhusen_n of_o holke_n of_o trolle_v of_o knutzen_n of_o biorn_n sche_v of_o jensen_n of_o steuge_a of_o mattiesse_n of_o lung_n of_o banner_n of_o luc_n of_o rastorp_n of_o krusen_n of_o fassi_fw-la of_o lindeman_n of_o suvon_n of_o stantbeke_n of_o quitrowe_v of_o lange_n of_o gelschut_v of_o glambeke_n of_o krabbe_n of_o marizer_n of_o kragge_n of_o achsel_n of_o beâ—_n of_o ruthede_v of_o negel_n of_o wirfelt_n of_o split_v of_o ofren_n of_o appelgard_n of_o juenam_n of_o poldessen_n of_o reuter_n of_o podebussen_n who_o be_v all_o in_o time_n past_o baron_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o pomerania_n and_o some_o of_o who_o family_n be_v still_o remain_v there_o also_o the_o lord_n of_o vren_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a also_o the_o lord_n of_o bliâ—_n of_o gall_n of_o wogersen_n of_o bassi_n of_o solle_n of_o daac_n of_o bax_n of_o basclich_n of_o wensterman_n of_o hoken_n of_o lindow_n of_o bille_n of_o reutem_fw-la of_o hundertmarâ—_n of_o heiderstorper_n of_o would_n of_o papenhaimb_n of_o spar_n of_o falster_n of_o narbu_n of_o worm_n of_o belde_n of_o bocholt_n of_o bud_n of_o swaben_n of_o santbarch_n of_o gram_n of_o lutken_n of_o vhrup_n of_o spegel_n of_o bammelberg_n of_o rosenspart_n of_o duve_n of_o hube_n of_o schaungard_n of_o must_v of_o grind_n of_o falcke_n of_o brune_n of_o laxman_n of_o duram_fw-la of_o baggen_n of_o norman_a of_o goss_n of_o matre_fw-la of_o rosengard_n of_o tollen_v of_o ronnoun_n of_o
city_n sassaris_n which_o have_v a_o pleasant_a soil_n water_v with_o many_o spring_n &_o abound_v with_o divers_a sort_n of_o fruit_n but_o it_o be_v weak_o fortify_v algh_a be_v a_o new_a small_a city_n but_o yet_o populous_a and_o strong_a and_o adorn_v with_o many_o fair_a aedifices_fw-la and_o building_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v almost_o all_o tarraconian_o sardinia_n have_v also_o other_o city_n and_o town_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n we_o omit_v it_o have_v many_o pleasant_a river_n which_o be_v not_o deep_a so_o that_o in_o summer_n time_n you_o may_v pass_v over_o the_o bard_n there_o be_v many_o magistrate_n in_o sardinia_n the_o chief_a be_v the_o viceroy_n who_o have_v all_o the_o king_n authority_n and_o according_a to_o their_o ancient_a law_n none_o but_o a_o spaniard_n can_v bear_v this_o office_n the_o king_n do_v assign_v and_o appoint_v he_o one_o assistant_n who_o be_v doctor_n of_o both_o law_n who_o they_o call_v there_o the_o regent_n moreover_o he_o have_v other_o counsellor_n who_o dispose_n and_o order_v all_o matter_n and_o this_o court_n be_v call_v the_o king_n audience_n heretofore_o it_o be_v a_o privilege_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o no_o man_n can_v bear_v this_o office_n long_o than_o three_o year_n and_o then_o another_o succee_v in_o his_o place_n but_o now_o one_o continue_v in_o that_o office_n as_o long_o as_o the_o king_n please_v concern_v the_o manner_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o sadinians_n they_o be_v strong_a of_o body_n and_o enure_v to_o labour_n except_o it_o be_v some_o few_o who_o be_v give_v to_o effeminacy_n and_o wantonness_n many_o of_o they_o do_v keep_v cattle_n and_o be_v content_v with_o poor_a fare_n and_o water_n those_o that_o dwell_v in_o the_o town_n and_o village_n do_v live_v peaceable_o and_o quiet_o together_o they_o love_v stranger_n and_o do_v use_v they_o kind_o they_o live_v from_o hand_n to_o mouth_n and_o go_v in_o a_o poor_a habit_n and_o which_o be_v strange_a there_o be_v not_o one_o artificer_n in_o all_o the_o island_n that_o can_v make_v either_o sword_n dagger_n or_o other_o weapon_n so_o that_o they_o fetch_v they_o out_o of_o spain_n and_o italy_n mercator_n mention_v these_o bishop_n the_o archbishop_n claritanensis_fw-la under_o who_o be_v these_o bishop_n sulcitanus_n or_o sulciensis_n doliensis_n suellensis_n the_o archbishop_n turitanus_n under_o who_o be_v these_o bishop_n sorrensis_n plotanensis_fw-la ampuriensis_n gifacensis_n or_o girardensis_n castrensis_n othanensis_fw-la or_o othricensis_n bosanensis_fw-la or_o bossa_n the_o archbishop_n alborensis_n under_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o vssellensis_n s._n justia_n terra_fw-la alba_n civitatensis_n and_o gastelliensis_n be_v except_v the_o kingdom_n of_o sicilie·_n sicily_n be_v next_o to_o be_v describe_v which_o excel_v all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n thucydides_n call_v it_o sicania_n from_o sicanus_n who_o as_o solinus_n and_o capella_n do_v write_v come_v with_o a_o band_n of_o iberian_o into_o that_o country_n before_o the_o trojan_a war_n many_o do_v call_v it_o trinacria_n and_o especial_o the_o poet_n in_o regard_n it_o have_v 3._o promontory_n or_o else_o because_o it_o resemble_v a_o triangle_n or_o three_o corner_a figure_n for_o it_o run_v forth_o divers_a way_n with_o three_o promontory_n and_o so_o be_v like_o the_o greek_a letter_n delta_n which_o bear_v this_o shape_n δ._n these_o three_o promontory_n be_v pelorus_n pachynus_n and_o lilybaum_fw-la the_o grecian_n do_v call_v it_o sicelia_n but_o some_o suppose_v trinacria_n quondam_a mutavere_fw-la situm_fw-la rupit_fw-la confinia_fw-la nereus_n italiae_fw-la pars_fw-la una_fw-la fuit_fw-la sed_fw-la pontus_fw-la &_o aestus_fw-la victor_n &_o abscissos_fw-la interluit_fw-la aequore_fw-la monteis_fw-la trimacria_n have_v her_o situation_n change_v and_o now_o the_o sea_n their_o border_n have_v estrange_v heretofore_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o italy_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v now_o divide_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o hence_o rhegium_n italy_n be_v so_o call_v in_o italy_n because_o sicily_n be_v there_o divide_v from_o italy_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o tyrrhene_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n the_o hadriatick_a and_o ionian_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n the_o africa_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o west_n the_o sardinian_a sea_n thycydides_n write_v lib._n 6._o that_o the_o compass_n of_o sicily_n be_v about_o 8._o day_n journey_n and_o yet_o it_o lie_v but_o 20._o furlong_n from_o the_o main_a land_n or_o continent_n of_o italy_n moreover_o this_o island_n do_v excel_v for_o the_o wholesomenesse_n of_o the_o air_n the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o plenty_n of_o all_o fruit_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n for_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o 4._o climate_n which_o for_o the_o gentleness_n and_o temperateness_n of_o the_o air_n do_v exceed_v the_o six_o other_o so_o that_o sicily_n produce_v the_o best_a fruit_n so_o that_o marcus_n cato_n call_v it_o the_o stoarehouse_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o nurse_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n and_o strabo_n the_o barn_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o sunensian_a field_n where_o the_o ancient_n do_v fain_o that_o proserpina_n be_v take_v away_o violent_o which_o they_o call_v the_o navel_n of_o italy_n the_o corn_n yield_v so_o great_a a_o increase_n insomuch_o that_o one_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n sow_v yield_v a_o hundred_o which_o field_n they_o call_v therefore_o camp_n dallo_fw-la cento_fw-la salme_n the_o leontine_n field_n be_v not_o inferior_a unto_o this_o concern_v which_o cicero_n say_v in_o his_o three_o oration_n against_o verres_n quid_fw-la vina_n commorabo_fw-la optimi_fw-la saporis_fw-la adorisque_fw-la what_o shall_v i_o mention_v the_o fragrant_a pleasant_a wine_n pliny_n who_o be_v most_o diligent_a and_o curious_a in_o reckon_v the_o best_a sort_n of_o wine_n do_v affirm_v that_o there_o be_v excellent_a good_a wine_n make_v in_o sicily_n and_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v the_o balincian_n wine_n in_o sicily_n which_o taste_v like_o metheglin_n or_o wine_n mingle_v with_o honey_n so_o that_o they_o suppose_v the_o balincian_n wine_n be_v that_o which_o they_o call_v muskadine_n which_o be_v very_o sweet_a for_o both_o alps_n muskadine_n whence_o so_o call_v call_v that_o be_v bee_n and_o muscae_fw-la that_o be_v fly_n do_v haunt_v these_o grape_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v muskadine_n grape_n out_o of_o which_o a_o sweet_a pleasant_a wine_n be_v press_v which_o they_o call_v muskadine_n though_o some_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o smell_v like_o musk_n so_o that_o the_o wine_n of_o sicily_n may_v be_v right_o esteem_v the_o best_a for_o it_o be_v as_o good_a as_o the_o italian_a wine_n and_o as_o please_v to_o the_o palate_n and_o will_v keep_v as_o long_o moreover_o sicily_n have_v great_a store_n of_o oil_n sugar_n saffron_n honey_n salt_n all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o excellent_a silk_n beside_o sicily_n be_v rich_a in_o metal_n for_o it_o have_v gold_n silver_n iron_n and_o allom._n it_o produce_v also_o precious_a stone_n as_o the_o emerald_n the_o achates_n the_o berill_n the_o red_a marble_n stone_n the_o jasper_n and_o it_o have_v great_a herd_n and_o flock_n of_o ox_n and_o cattle_n there_o be_v excellent_a hunt_n of_o doe_n and_o boar_n and_o hawk_v at_o partridge_n and_o quail_n which_o they_o common_o call_v francolinas_n and_o falcon_n who_o be_v enemy_n to_o all_o fly_a fowl_n be_v take_v here_o the_o fierce_a lestrigonian_o do_v first_o possess_v this_o country_n afterward_o the_o sieanians_n a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n and_o last_o the_o trojan_n and_o cretensian_o come_v hither_o afterward_o the_o grecian_n do_v invade_v it_o than_o the_o roman_n and_o after_o the_o division_n of_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a empire_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o constantinople_n almost_o 200._o year_n but_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n the_o goth_n invade_v this_o island_n who_o 17._o year_n afterward_o be_v expel_v and_o drive_v out_o by_o belisarius_n afterward_o the_o saracen_n do_v possess_v it_o under_o michael_n balbus_n and_o hold_v it_o 400._o year_n the_o norman_n succeed_v they_o and_o afterward_o the_o langbard_n suevian_o and_o german_n but_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o clement_n the_o 4._o the_o frenchman_n possess_v it_o 16._o year_n afterward_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o arragonian_n until_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n after_o who_o decease_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v also_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o sicily_n pliny_n reckon_v that_o there_o be_v 72._o city_n in_o it_o but_o now_o there_o be_v 173._o city_n and_o town_n as_o maginus_fw-la witness_v the_o metropolis_n or_o mother_n city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v panormus_n which_o ptolemy_n and_o other_o do_v call_v palernum_n it_o be_v now_o call_v palermo_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a city_n and_o a_o colony_n of_o the_o phoenician_n as_o
man_n life_n yet_o it_o have_v not_o vine_n everywhere_o but_o where_o wine_n be_v want_v it_o supply_v the_o defect_n thereof_o with_o drink_n make_v of_o fruit_n this_o for_o here_o i_o can_v refrain_v from_o praise_v it_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o conqueror_n of_o the_o world_n successor_n here_o macedon_n do_v heretofore_o bring_v forth_o alexander_n italy_n the_o roman_n who_o in_o a_o certain_a succession_n god_n in_o his_o eternal_a providence_n so_o decree_a do_v conquer_v the_o whole_a world_n so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v know_v and_o germany_n do_v at_o this_o day_n bring_v forth_o prince_n of_o great_a prowess_n have_v not_o here_o be_v bear_v many_o noble_a hero_n which_o have_v add_v to_o their_o empire_n america_n unknown_a as_o the_o most_o do_v suppose_v to_o the_o ancient_n and_o the_o better_a and_o strong_a part_n of_o asia_n and_o africa_n be_v it_o not_o the_o only_a mother_n of_o many_o king_n and_o prince_n fight_v in_o christ_n cause_n this_o our_o cite_v europe_n beside_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v above_o eight_o and_o twenty_o kingdom_n instruct_v in_o christian_a religion_n if_o we_o add_v the_o fourteen_o which_o damianus_n à _fw-la go_v reckon_v to_o be_v in_o spain_n whence_o we_o may_v estimate_v the_o dignity_n of_o this_o country_n what_o shall_v i_o speak_v of_o the_o populousnesse_n and_o renown_n of_o the_o city_n thereof_o heretofore_o africa_n have_v be_v proud_a of_o her_o carthage_n asia_n have_v be_v puff_v up_o with_o her_o three_o city_n babylon_n niniveh_n and_o jerusalem_n america_n do_v glory_n at_o this_o day_n in_o cusco_n and_o new_a spain_n in_o mexico_n but_o who_o see_v not_o in_o these_o time_n the_o like_a and_o great_a almost_o in_o every_o country_n of_o europe_n let_v any_o one_o in_o his_o mind_n only_o walk_v over_o italy_n for_o this_o do_v afford_v a_o example_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o sumptuous_a magnificence_n of_o rome_n the_o royal_a wealth_n of_o venice_n the_o honourable_a nobility_n of_o naples_n the_o continual_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n of_o genoa_n the_o happy_a and_o fertile_a pleasantness_n of_o milan_n and_o the_o famous_a wonder_n and_o commodity_n of_o other_o place_n so_o that_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n may_v be_v silent_a for_o none_o be_v equal_a to_o europe_n the_o country_n in_o it_o as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v be_v spain_n france_n germany_n italy_n hungary_n transilvania_n dalmatia_n greece_n poland_n lithuania_n moscovie_n russia_n denmark_n swethland_n norway_n beside_o the_o isle_n in_o the_o northern_a ocean_n which_o be_v england_n scotland_n ireland_n island_n friesland_n and_o other_o in_o other_o place_n and_o those_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n as_o the_o baleares_n which_o be_v two_o isle_n in_o the_o spanish_a sea_n call_v majorica_n and_o minorica_fw-la also_o corsica_n sardinia_n sicilia_n with_o the_o isle_n of_o malta_n corfu_n crete_n and_o many_o other_o and_o as_o for_o the_o lake_n rivers_n stand_v pool_n river_n and_o water_n have_v diverse_a virtue_n in_o they_o which_o beside_o their_o fish_n whereof_o they_o yield_v a_o incredible_a company_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o wall_n unto_o country_n who_o can_v number_v they_o what_o shall_v i_o mention_v the_o sea_n sea_n it_o will_v be_v tedious_a in_o this_o place_n to_o reckon_v up_o their_o commodity_n profit_n and_o delight_n these_o thing_n shall_v therefore_o be_v unfold_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n europe_n do_v not_o want_v mountain_n among_o which_o the_o pirenean_n hill_n and_o the_o alps_n be_v always_o white_a with_o continual_a snow_n and_o it_o have_v many_o wood_n and_o forest_n which_o afford_v pasturage_n for_o cattle_n institution_n and_o have_v few_o harmful_a beast_n in_o they_o what_o shall_v i_o speak_v of_o the_o private_a or_o public_a work_n both_o sacred_a and_o profane_a that_o be_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n here_o be_v innumerable_a magnificent_a temple_n innumerable_a abbey_n many_o famous_a palace_n of_o king_n innumerable_a fair_a and_o magnificent_a house_n belong_v to_o nobleman_n and_o prince_n and_o many_o rare_a building_n both_o public_a and_o private_a we_o have_v here_o justice_n and_o law_n we_o have_v the_o dignity_n of_o christen_v christian_a religion_n we_o have_v all_o the_o delight_n of_o mankind_n senator_n we_o have_v the_o strength_n of_o arm_n innumerable_a senator_n man_n venerable_a both_o for_o wisdom_n and_o learning_n and_o if_o you_o please_v to_o compare_v famous_a man_n together_o there_o be_v never_o so_o great_a a_o company_n of_o hero_n and_o noble_a man_n in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o in_o any_o one_o part_n of_o europe_n beside_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v so_o studious_a of_o art_n and_o science_n that_o for_o the_o invention_n and_o preservation_n of_o many_o thing_n it_o may_v worthy_o be_v call_v university_n the_o mother_n and_o nurse_n of_o wisdom_n in_o this_o be_v many_o excellent_a and_o flourish_a â—8_o university_n but_o in_o other_o country_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o mere_a barbarism_n it_o will_v be_v too_o much_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o as_o for_o the_o vice_n as_o who_o be_v without_o some_o they_o be_v note_v in_o some_o short_a say_n which_o i_o will_v here_o add_v the_o people_n of_o franconia_n be_v foolish_a rude_a and_o vehement_a the_o bavarian_o be_v prodigal_a glutton_n and_o railer_n the_o grison_n be_v light_a talkative_a and_o bragger_n people_n the_o turingi_n be_v distrustful_a and_o contentious_a the_o saxon_n dissembler_n crafty_a self-willed_n the_o low-country-man_n be_v horseman_n delicate_a and_o tender_a the_o italian_n proud_a desirous_a of_o revenge_n and_o witty_a the_o spaniard_n haughty_a wise_a covetous_a the_o french_a eloquent_a intemperate_a and_o rash_a the_o people_n of_o denmark_n and_o holsteine_n be_v great_a of_o stature_n seditious_a and_o dreadful_a the_o sarmatian_n great_a eater_n proud_a and_o stealer_n the_o bohemian_o inhuman_a new-fangled_a and_o robber_n the_o illyrian_n unconstant_a envious_a seditious_a the_o pannonian_n cruel_a and_o superstitious_a the_o greek_n miserable_a and_o there_o be_v another_o say_v no_o less_o pleasant_a a_o bridge_n in_o poland_n a_o monk_n of_o bohemia_n a_o knight_n of_o the_o south_n a_o nun_n of_o suevia_n the_o devotion_n of_o italy_n the_o religion_n of_o prutenick_n the_o fast_n of_o german_n and_o the_o constancy_n of_o frenchman_n be_v nothing_o worth_a africa_n africa_n follow_v which_o be_v so_o call_v if_o we_o believe_v nisias_n from_o afer_n a_o companion_n of_o hercules_n who_o accompany_v he_o even_o as_o fair_a as_o calis_n but_o if_o we_o trust_v josephus_n and_o isidorus_n give_v from_o one_o of_o the_o posterity_n of_o abraham_n who_o name_n be_v afer_n or_o as_o festus_n do_v suppose_v from_o the_o greek_a word_n privativum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v cold_a for_o it_o be_v free_a from_o cold_a because_o the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o be_v situate_v between_o the_o much_o tropic_n the_o arabian_n do_v call_v it_o fricchia_n from_o the_o word_n farruca_n which_o with_o they_o signify_v to_o divide_v for_o africa_n be_v almost_o divide_v from_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o ifricus_n a_o king_n of_o arabia_n foelix_n who_o they_o report_v do_v first_o inhabit_v this_o country_n the_o greek_n call_v it_o libya_n either_o from_o libya_n the_o daughter_n of_o epathus_n or_o from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v stony_a or_o because_o lib_n or_o the_o southwest-wind_n blow_v from_o thence_o in_o the_o scripture_n it_o be_v call_v chamesia_n 105.23_o the_o arabian_n and_o aethiopian_n do_v call_v it_o alkebula_n and_o the_o indian_n besechath_n the_o length_n aequinoctial_a circle_n do_v almost_o cut_v the_o middle_a part_n of_o africa_n the_o africa_n africa_n descriptio_fw-la tropic_n pass_v not_o beyond_o it_o 〈…〉_o either_o northward_o or_o southward_o but_o it_o be_v stretch_v out_o beyond_o either_o of_o they_o ten_o degree_n and_o more_o it_o be_v bound_v towards_o the_o north_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o the_o strait_n of_o hercules_n towards_o the_o east_n with_o the_o arabian_a bay_n or_o the_o erythraean_a sea_n and_o with_o the_o isthmus_n which_o be_v between_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o the_o arabian_a bay_n to_o the_o south_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o aethiopian_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o atlantic_a it_o have_v the_o form_n of_o a_o peninsula_n which_o be_v join_v to_o asia_n by_o the_o isthmus_n above_o mention_v and_o though_o the_o length_n thereof_o which_o lie_v from_o west_n to_o east_n be_v short_a than_o the_o length_n of_o europe_n yet_o the_o length_n thereof_o from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o aethiopia_n south_n be_v such_o as_o europe_n can_v hardly_o be_v compare_v with_o it_o for_o it_o take_v
the_o figure_n of_o it_o be_v triangular_a or_o three_o corner_a and_o it_o run_v forth_o into_o three_o several_a angle_n the_o first_o promontory_n towards_o the_o west_n the_o englishman_n do_v call_v the_o cape_n of_o cornwall_n the_o second_o in_o kent_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o east_n the_o english_a call_v it_o north-forland_a the_o three_o be_v orcas_n or_o tarvisium_n which_o lie_v far_o north_n the_o scot_n call_v it_o dâ—ngisbehead_n livius_n and_o fabius_n rusticus_n have_v liken_v it_o to_o a_o cheesell_n on_o the_o west_n side_n whereon_o ireland_n lie_v the_o george_n vergivian_n sea_n break_v in_o on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v beat_v with_o the_o wide_a and_o great_a northern_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n where_o it_o lie_v against_o germany_n with_o the_o german_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n where_o it_o but_v upon_o france_n it_o be_v beat_v with_o the_o british_a sea_n diodorus_n in_o his_o sixth_o book_n write_v that_o the_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v two_o and_o forty_o thousand_o furlong_n martian_a say_v that_o britain_n be_v eight_o hundred_o mile_n long_o and_o three_o hundred_o broad_a and_o in_o compass_n 6000._o mile_n the_o learned_a and_o accurate_a writer_n camden_n do_v thus_o account_v it_o from_o the_o promontory_n tarvisium_n to_o belerium_n follow_v the_o wind_a of_o the_o shore_n be_v eight_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o mile_n from_o thence_o to_o kent_n 320._o mile_n last_o from_o kent_n to_o tarvisium_n seven_o hundred_o and_o four_o mile_n the_o whole_a sum_n be_v 1836._o mile_n this_o island_n former_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n as_o ptolemy_n witness_v in_o his_o second_o book_n where_o he_o part_v the_o whole_a island_n into_o great_a britain_n and_o little_a britain_n the_o great_a he_o call_v the_o 98._o hither_o part_n towards_o the_o south_n the_o lesser_a the_o far_o towards_o the_o north._n but_o the_o roman_n neglect_v the_o far_a part_n because_o as_o appian_n say_v it_o can_v not_o be_v commodious_a to_o they_o the_o hither_o part_n be_v reduce_v into_o a_o province_n they_o at_o first_o divide_v into_o the_o 99_o low_a and_o high_a as_o it_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o dion_n for_o the_o hither_o part_n of_o england_n with_o wales_n he_o call_v the_o high_a the_o far_o and_o northern_a he_o call_v the_o low_a afterward_o they_o divide_v it_o into_o three_o part_n as_o appear_v by_o sextus_n rufus_n into_o maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n brittania_n prima_fw-la and_o brittania_n secunda_fw-la afterward_o when_o the_o form_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v daily_o change_v they_o divide_v britain_n in_o 99_o five_o part_n the_o first_o second_o maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n valentia_n and_o flavia_n caesariensis_n and_o these_o be_v division_n of_o britain_n when_o it_o be_v under_o the_o roman_n some_o have_v write_v that_o the_o whole_a island_n be_v heretofore_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n leogria_n cambria_n and_o albania_n but_o camden_n believe_v that_o this_o be_v a_o late_a division_n which_o seem_v to_o arise_v from_o those_o three_o people_n the_o englishman_n welch_n and_o scot_n who_o last_o of_o all_o divide_v this_o island_n among_o themselves_o afterward_o the_o island_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o kingdom_n namely_o england_n and_o scotland_n but_o at_o last_o under_o the_o happy_a reign_n of_o james_n the_o sixth_o king_n of_o scotland_n these_o two_o kingdom_n be_v sea_n unite_v and_o the_o whole_a island_n call_v great_a britain_n britain_n as_o we_o say_v before_o be_v every_o where_o environ_v with_o the_o great_a and_o wide_a ocean_n which_o s._n basil_n say_v be_v a_o great_a sea_n and_o very_o terrible_a for_o those_o that_o sail_n on_o it_o now_o it_o flow_v far_o into_o the_o land_n and_o then_o it_o return_v back_o again_o and_o leave_v the_o sand_n naked_a it_o feel_v the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o increase_a moon_n very_o powerful_o and_o do_v flow_v in_o with_o so_o great_a a_o force_n that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o drive_v back_o river_n but_o it_o sometime_o sweep_v off_o cattle_n from_o the_o land_n cast_v forth_o the_o fish_n on_o the_o shore_n and_o at_o the_o ebb_n leave_v they_o there_o in_o a_o word_n so_o great_a a_o matter_n it_o be_v hold_v to_o sail_v upon_o this_o sea_n that_o julius_n firmicus_n in_o his_o book_n concern_v the_o error_n of_o profane_a religion_n cry_v out_o thus_o to_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n in_o winter_n which_o be_v never_o heretofore_o do_v nor_o shall_v be_v do_v you_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o swell_a rage_a water_n of_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o wave_n of_o a_o sea_n almost_o unknown_a to_o we_o have_v tremble_v under_o our_o oar_n and_o the_o briton_n have_v be_v afraid_a at_o the_o unlookt-for_a presence_n of_o the_o emperor_n what_o will_v you_o more_o the_o element_n themselves_o be_v conquer_v by_o your_o valour_n it_o do_v not_o belong_v unto_o we_o to_o speak_v here_o of_o the_o commodity_n which_o this_o sea_n yield_v of_o the_o time_n when_o it_o cherish_v the_o earth_n of_o the_o vapour_n with_o which_o it_o nourish_v the_o air_n and_o bedew_v the_o field_n of_o the_o divers_a kind_n of_o fish_n as_o salmon_n playce_n crabfish_n commodity_n codfish_n herring_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o it_o bring_v forth_o infinite_a number_n yet_o the_o 595._o pearl_n be_v not_o to_o be_v pass_v over_o in_o silence_n which_o in_o a_o round_a shape_n do_v swim_v in_o great_a shoal_n as_o it_o be_v follow_v one_o leader_n like_o bee_n so_o that_o jubas_n call_v it_o the_o sea_n of_o bee_n and_o also_o marcellus_n make_v mention_n of_o it_o suetonius_n do_v report_n that_o caesar_n do_v first_o attempt_n britain_n in_o hope_n of_o get_v these_o pearl_n and_o so_o much_o concern_v albion_n or_o england_n now_o let_v we_o pass_v over_o to_o the_o roast_n among_o all_o of_o they_o ireland_n do_v far_o excel_v of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v nothing_o here_o intend_v to_o speak_v of_o it_o in_o particular_a table_n the_o orcades_n do_v follow_v orcades_n now_o call_v the_o isle_n of_o orkney_n which_o be_v about_o 51â—_n thirty_o in_o number_n and_o do_v lie_v a_o little_a way_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o which_o a_o certain_a ancient_a record_n do_v so_o call_v as_o if_o it_o be_v argath_o which_o be_v there_o expound_v as_o much_o as_o supra_fw-la getas_n above_o the_o getes_n camden_n will_v rather_o have_v it_o above_o cath_z for_o it_o lie_v over_o against_o cath_z a_o country_n of_o scotland_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o promontory_n they_o now_o call_v cathnesse_n who_o inhabitant_n ptolemy_n though_o wrongful_o do_v call_v carini_n instead_o of_o cathini_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o solinus_n they_o be_v not_o inhabit_v be_v overgrow_v with_o reed_n and_o bulrush_n but_o now_o they_o be_v till_v and_o bring_v forth_o barley_n enough_o soil_n though_o they_o want_v both_o wheat_n and_o tree_n there_o be_v no_o serpent_n or_o poisonous_a creature_n in_o they_o they_o have_v great_a number_n of_o live_a creature_n in_o they_o as_o hare_n coney_n crane_n and_o many_o swan_n there_o be_v good_a fish_n in_o they_o of_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v great_a profit_n julius_n agricola_n first_o sail_v in_o a_o ship_n round_o about_o britain_n do_v find_v out_o and_o conquer_v the_o orcades_n at_o that_o time_n unknown_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v unlikely_a that_o claudius_n do_v first_o overcome_v they_o as_o hierom_n affirm_v in_o his_o chronicle_n afterward_o when_o the_o roman_n be_v commander_n over_o britain_n they_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o after_o that_o they_o come_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o norwegian_n and_o dane_n whence_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v speak_v the_o gothicke_a tongue_n last_o of_o all_o christiernus_fw-la king_n of_o denmark_n in_o consideration_n of_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n in_o the_o year_n 1474._o do_v pass_v over_o all_o his_o right_n unto_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n the_o chief_a of_o these_o be_v pomonia_n famous_a in_o regard_n it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n which_o be_v call_v by_o solinus_n for_o the_o continual_a length_n of_o the_o day_n pomona_n diutina_fw-la now_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n mainland_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o continent_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o tin_n and_o lead_n and_o be_v adorn_v with_o a_o bishop_n see_v in_o the_o town_n kirkwale_n and_o with_o two_o castle_n among_o these_o ptolemy_n also_o reckon_v ocetis_n which_o camden_n suppose_n shall_v now_o be_v call_v hethy_o and_o say_v the_o same_o camden_n i_o be_o not_o yet_o resolve_v whether_o i_o shall_v call_v hey_o which_o be_v among_o these_o pliny_n dumna_n if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o i_o have_v rather_o think_v fair_a i_o will_v which_o have_v only_o one_o town_n call_v dume_n to_o be_v that_o dumna_n than_o with_o becanus_n to_o think_v that_o it_o be_v wardhuys_n in_o lappland_n
the_o other_o smooth_a with_o a_o plain_a web_n there_o be_v other_o bird_n which_o they_o call_v marinetae_fw-la less_o than_o a_o blackbird_n be_v short_a like_o a_o starling_n yet_o differ_v from_o he_o by_o the_o whiteness_n of_o the_o belly_n and_o the_o blackness_n of_o the_o back_n it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a thing_n which_o be_v report_v concern_v these_o bird_n for_o if_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a they_o be_v keep_v in_o a_o dry_a place_n they_o will_v not_o putrify_v or_o corrupt_v and_o be_v place_v among_o garment_n and_o other_o thing_n it_o will_v preserve_v they_o from_o moth_n that_o which_o be_v more_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n be_v that_o if_o be_v dead_a they_o be_v hang_v up_o in_o some_o dry_a place_n they_o will_v every_o year_n renew_v and_o change_v their_o feather_n as_o if_o they_o be_v alive_a ireland_n contain_v all_o kind_n of_o wild_a beast_n it_o have_v heart_n that_o be_v so_o fat_a that_o they_o can_v hardly_o run_v and_o by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v lesser_a in_o body_n by_o so_o much_o the_o large_a be_v their_o horn_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o boar_n many_o hare_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o body_n of_o all_o the_o wild_a beast_n and_o bird_n be_v lesser_a here_o than_o in_o other_o place_n it_o have_v many_o badger_n and_o weesil_n it_o have_v few_o or_o no_o goat_n fallow_a deer_n hedgehog_n mole_n but_o infinite_a store_n of_o mouse_n it_o have_v also_o wolf_n and_o fox_n but_o enough_o of_o these_o thing_n i_o return_v to_o other_o matter_n heretofore_o ireland_n be_v rule_v by_o many_o earl_n now_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o england_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o king_n substitute_n government_n who_o be_v call_v the_o lord_n deputie_n it_o come_v to_o be_v under_o the_o dominion_n ireland_n irlandia_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n about_o the_o year_n 649._o 1175_o at_o which_o time_n roderick_n king_n of_o connaught_n style_v himself_o king_n of_o all_o ireland_n and_o strive_v to_o subject_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o himself_o wage_v continual_a war_n with_o the_o other_o earl_n by_o who_o sedition_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o other_o earl_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o without_o any_o effusion_n of_o blood_n do_v put_v themselves_o under_o the_o obedience_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n from_o who_o all_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v call_v lord_n of_o ireland_n until_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eigth_n who_o by_o the_o noble_n of_o ireland_n be_v declare_v king_n of_o ireland_n because_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n grow_v hateful_a to_o some_o seditious_a people_n city_n there_o be_v four_o special_a city_n in_o this_o island_n first_o norway_n dublin_n the_o metropolis_n or_o mother-citie_n of_o ireland_n be_v the_o royal_a archiepiscopall_a seat_n give_v name_n to_o a_o county_n the_o next_o in_o dignity_n be_v waterford_n the_o three_o limbrick_n the_o four_o cork_n there_o be_v many_o other_o very_o great_a town_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o the_o particular_a description_n of_o ireland_n this_o country_n have_v many_o lake_n and_o stand_a water_n lakes_n among_o which_o there_o be_v a_o lake_n in_o ulster_n twenty_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o lake_n erne_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o hereafter_o there_o be_v a_o little_a lake_n beyond_o the_o city_n armack_n in_o which_o if_o you_o stick_v a_o spear_n up_o some_o month_n that_o part_n which_o stick_v in_o the_o mud_n will_v be_v iron_n that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o water_n stony_a and_o that_o which_o be_v out_o of_o the_o water_n will_v remain_v wood_n there_o be_v also_o the_o lake_n erne_n which_o be_v thirty_o mile_n long_o and_o fifteen_o mile_n broad_a be_v compass_v about_o with_o thick_a wood_n and_o so_o full_a of_o fish_n that_o the_o fisherman_n often_o break_v their_o net_n by_o take_v too_o many_o at_o one_o time_n river_n this_o island_n be_v divide_v and_o water_v with_o many_o fair_a river_n who_o name_n be_v these_o liffie_a avenliffe_n run_v through_o dublin_n boandus_fw-la through_o methe_n banna_n through_o vltonia_fw-la linuâ—_n through_o connack_n and_o moadus_n through_o kenel_n cunillia_fw-la slicheia_n and_o samaira_n beside_o modarnus_n and_o furnus_fw-la through_o keneleonia_n and_o many_o other_o but_o of_o all_o the_o river_n of_o ireland_n the_o river_n river_n synnenus_n be_v the_o chief_a both_o for_o the_o breadth_n and_o mile_n length_n of_o its_o course_n and_o for_o the_o plenty_n of_o fish_n which_o be_v in_o it_o but_o in_o general_a the_o river_n and_o lake_n be_v full_a of_o fish_n breed_v in_o they_o this_o country_n be_v unequal_a and_o mountainous_a soft_a and_o waterish_a you_o shall_v find_v lake_n and_o stand_a water_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n the_o mountain_n abound_v with_o cattle_n &_o the_o wood_n with_o wild_a beast_n solinus_n write_v thus_o concern_v the_o sea_n which_o flow_v between_o ireland_n and_o england_n the_o sea_n between_o ireland_n and_o england_n be_v rough_a and_o unquiet_a all_o the_o year_n and_o be_v scarce_o navigable_a but_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o summer_n but_o he_o err_v for_o it_o be_v quiet_a enough_o unless_o it_o be_v stir_v up_o with_o wind_n and_o not_o only_o in_o summer_n but_o also_o in_o winter_n passenger_n do_v sail_n to_o and_o fro_o all_o the_o sea_n shore_n do_v abound_v sufficient_o with_o fish_n ireland_n have_v in_o all_o three_o and_o thirty_o county_n and_o four_o archbishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o armach_n primate_n of_o all_o ireland_n the_o bishop_n of_o dublin_n the_o bishop_n of_o cassil_n and_o toam_n and_o these_o four_o have_v nine_o and_o twenty_o suffragans_fw-la or_o vicegorent_n ireland_n from_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n for_o those_o who_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o law_n and_o live_v more_o uncivil_o be_v call_v irishrie_n and_o common_o wild_a irish_a but_o those_o who_o be_v willing_a to_o obey_v the_o law_n and_o appear_v before_o the_o judge_n be_v call_v the_o english-irish_a and_o their_o country_n the_o english_a pale_a they_o speak_v english_a natural_o and_o uncorrupt_o yet_o they_o understand_v irish_a in_o regard_n of_o their_o daily_a commerce_n with_o the_o irishman_n the_o irishman_n have_v some_o certain_a lord_n under_o who_o command_n the_o most_o of_o they_o be_v but_o they_o live_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o english_a but_o counterfeit_o and_o as_o long_o as_o the_o english_a soldier_n do_v waste_v their_o territory_n yet_o they_o appoint_v session_n to_o be_v keep_v at_o certain_a time_n and_o place_n to_o restrain_v and_o punish_v robbery_n and_o theft_n commit_v by_o night_n there_o those_o that_o be_v accuse_v if_o they_o be_v convict_v have_v certain_a arbitratour_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o cause_n who_o they_o call_v brehoni_n these_o be_v all_o of_o one_o family_n and_o although_o they_o have_v no_o knowledge_n in_o the_o law_n yet_o for_o their_o wisdom_n &_o honesty_n of_o life_n they_o be_v account_v divine_a their_o war_n be_v partly_o on_o horseback_n and_o partly_o on_o foot_n the_o gentry_n have_v horse_n well_o manage_v so_o that_o without_o any_o advantage_n they_o will_v mount_v they_o in_o their_o armour_n and_o take_v a_o javelin_n or_o dart_n of_o great_a weight_n by_o the_o middle_n they_o will_v throw_v or_o brandish_v it_o against_o their_o enemy_n with_o much_o ease_n among_o the_o footman_n some_o be_v soldier_n in_o cassock_n very_o strong_a who_o they_o call_v galeglacii_n have_v cuttleax_n as_o sharp_a as_o razor_n and_o they_o be_v the_o chief_a strength_n of_o the_o irish_a war_n the_o next_o be_v footman_n wear_v a_o light_a armour_n with_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n and_o these_o be_v call_v karnes_n and_o they_o think_v a_o man_n be_v not_o dead_a until_o they_o have_v cut_v off_o his_o head_n in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v footman_n who_o they_o call_v daltines_n who_o go_v unarm_v attend_v upon_o the_o horseman_n the_o footman_n as_o well_o as_o horseman_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o come_v to_o fight_v with_o their_o enemy_n do_v cry_n with_o a_o great_a voice_n 678._o pharro_n pharro_n and_o they_o use_v a_o bagpipe_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o trumpet_n the_o irish_a do_v fare_v sumptuous_o and_o magnificent_o for_o though_o they_o have_v no_o delicate_a dish_n diet._n nor_o great_a service_n in_o their_o banquet_n yet_o their_o table_n according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n be_v well_o furnish_v with_o beef_n and_o pork_n and_o other_o meat_n in_o their_o feast_n they_o lie_v upon_o bed_n the_o first_o place_n at_o the_o table_n belong_v to_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o family_n who_o wear_v a_o long_a gown_n or_o mantell_n reach_v to_o her_o ankle_n often_o dye_v and_o also_o sleeve_v the_o second_o table_n of_o ireland_n in_o which_o
temper_v the_o court_n of_o request_n hear_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o of_o the_o king_n servant_n the_o chief_a spiritual_a court_n be_v the_o corporatition_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o court_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o archbishop_n himself_o and_o the_o chancellor_n court_n keep_v in_o every_o diocese_n there_o be_v two_o famous_a university_n in_o this_o kingdom_n oxford_n and_o cambridge_n england_n do_v produce_v happy_a and_o good_a wit_n and_o have_v many_o learned_a man_n skilful_a in_o all_o faculty_n and_o science_n the_o people_n be_v of_o a_o large_a stature_n fair_a complexioned_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n gray-eyed_a and_o as_o their_o language_n sound_v like_o the_o italian_n so_o they_o differ_v not_o from_o they_o in_o the_o habit_n and_o disposition_n of_o their_o body_n their_o food_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o flesh_n they_o make_v drink_v of_o barley_n be_v a_o very_a savoury_a and_o pleasant_a drink_n it_o be_v transport_v often_o into_o foreign_a country_n they_o use_v a_o habit_n not_o much_o different_a from_o the_o french_a and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v concern_v england_n in_o general_a we_o will_v declare_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o particular_a table_n follow_v the_o second_o table_n of_o england_n contain_v the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n cumberland_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n we_o have_v finish_v that_o which_o we_o intend_v to_o speak_v concern_v england_n in_o general_a our_o method_n do_v require_v that_o we_o shall_v go_v through_o the_o part_n thereof_o in_o particular_a the_o roman_n diverse_o divide_v the_o hither_o part_n of_o britain_n be_v reduce_v into_o a_o province_n but_o the_o saxon_n instead_o of_o the_o pentarchy_n of_o the_o roman_n make_v a_o heptarchy_n of_o it_o in_o which_o be_v kent_n sussex_n eastanglia_fw-it westsex_n northumberland_n essex_n and_o mercia_n at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o county_n which_o the_o english_a by_o a_o proper_a word_n call_v shire_n and_o first_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1016_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o ethelred_n there_o be_v only_o two_o and_o thirty_o afterward_o under_o william_n the_o conqueror_n there_o be_v 36._o and_o last_o these_o be_v augment_v by_o three_o more_o come_v to_o be_v 39_o county_n to_o which_o be_v add_v 13_o shire_n in_o wales_n six_o whereof_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o the_o other_z henry_n the_o eigth_n ordain_v by_o parliamentary_a authority_n these_o county_n or_o part_n of_o england_n with_o some_o island_n our_o mercator_n do_v lively_o express_v in_o six_o table_n of_o all_o which_o table_n we_o will_v make_v a_o brief_a description_n or_o delineation_n in_o that_o order_n as_o our_o author_n propound_v they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n northumberland_n offer_v itself_o northumberland_n common_o call_v northumberlant_a situation_n lie_v in_o a_o manner_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o triangle_n but_o not_o equilateral_a the_o southern_a side_n thereof_o derwent_n flow_v into_o tine_n and_o tine_n itself_o do_v enclose_v where_o it_o look_v towards_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n the_o east_n side_n be_v beat_v with_o the_o german_a sea_n but_o the_o western_a side_n be_v draw_v out_o in_o length_n from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n first_o by_o a_o continue_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o be_v opposite_a to_o scotland_n soil_n it_o be_v the_o bind_v of_o that_o country_n the_o soil_n itself_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v barren_a and_o unfit_a for_o tillage_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o tine_n if_o tillage_n be_v use_v the_o husbandman_n receive_v sufficient_a increase_n but_o in_o other_o place_n it_o be_v more_o unfruitful_a and_o rugged_a in_o many_o place_n great_a store_n of_o sea-coal_n as_o the_o english_a call_v they_o be_v dig_v forth_o there_o be_v in_o northumberland_n the_o city_n of_o new_a castle_n city_n famous_a for_o the_o haven_n which_o the_o river_n tine_n make_v have_v so_o deep_a a_o channel_n that_o it_o receive_v ship_n of_o great_a burden_n and_o desend_v they_o both_o from_o tempest_n and_o sand_n the_o last_o town_n in_o england_n and_o the_o strong_a in_o all_o britain_n be_v berwick_n which_o some_o do_v derive_v from_o a_o certain_a captain_n call_v berengarius_fw-la leland_n from_o aber_n which_o in_o the_o british_a language_n signify_v the_o mouth_n of_o a_o river_n as_o if_o it_o be_v aberwick_n a_o town_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o river_n but_o whence_o soever_o it_o have_v its_o name_n it_o stand_v far_o in_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o second_o table_n of_o england_n northumbr_n cumberlandia_n dunelm_n episcop_n compass_v round_o about_o therewith_o and_o the_o river_n tweed_n the_o river_n here_o be_v the_o southern_a and_o northern_a tines_n which_o be_v so_o call_v river_n because_o they_o be_v bind_v in_o with_o straight_a and_o narrow_a bank_n for_o so_o much_o tine_n do_v signify_v in_o the_o british_a speech_n as_o some_o do_v affirm_v the_o southern_a rise_v out_o of_o cumberland_n near_o alstenmore_n where_o there_o be_v a_o ancient_a i_o of_o brass_n &_o have_v run_v a_o good_a while_n towards_o the_o north_n it_o turn_v towards_o the_o east_n and_o run_v straight_o forward_o with_o the_o pict_n wall_n the_o northern_a tine_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o border_a mountain_n do_v join_v itself_o with_o the_o river_n read_v which_o be_v pour_v out_o at_o the_o mountain_n redsquier_n water_v readsdale_n that_o be_v the_o vale_n of_o reade_n which_o nourish_v the_o best_a fowl_n both_o the_o tines_n do_v flow_v beneath_o collerford_n and_o grow_v big_a and_o big_a do_v hasten_v their_o journey_n to_o the_o ocean_n in_o one_o channel_n tweed_n for_o a_o great_a way_n part_v england_n from_o scotland_n and_o be_v call_v the_o eastern_a bind_v this_o river_n break_v forth_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o scotland_n run_v a_o great_a while_n in_o a_o wind_a course_n but_o where_o it_o come_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n carram_n grow_v strong_a in_o water_n it_o begin_v to_o distinguish_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o two_o kingdom_n and_o at_o last_o have_v receive_v the_o river_n till_o it_o disburthen_n itself_o into_o the_o german_a sea_n there_o be_v also_o other_o river_n as_o coquet_n alaunus_n or_o alne_n blithe_n wanspethel_n which_o i_o omit_v and_o so_o pass_v to_o the_o second_o part_n and_o that_o be_v cumberland_n cumbria_n common_o call_v cumberland_n this_o lie_v before_o westmoreland_n on_o the_o west_n side_n it_o be_v the_o far_a shire_n in_o this_o part_n of_o england_n situation_n insomuch_o that_o it_o touch_v scotland_n itself_o on_o the_o north_n side_n be_v beat_v on_o the_o south_n and_o north_n with_o the_o irish_a ocean_n but_o on_o the_o east_n side_n above_o westmoreland_n it_o join_v to_o northumberland_n it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n soil_n who_o be_v the_o true_a and_o native_a britain_n call_v themselves_o in_o their_o language_n kumbri_n &_o kambri_n although_o the_o country_n seem_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o northern_a situation_n to_o be_v cold_a and_o very_a mountainous_a yet_o it_o delight_v the_o beholder_n with_o much_o variety_n for_o behind_o the_o cliff_n and_o cluster_n of_o mountain_n between_o which_o the_o lake_n do_v lie_v there_o be_v grassy_a hill_n full_a of_o flock_n under_o which_o again_o there_o lie_v plain_a and_o fruitful_a valley_n city_n there_o be_v in_o this_o country_n a_o ancient_a wel-seated_n city_n call_v carlisle_n be_v defend_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o deep_a channel_n of_o ituna_n or_o eeden_n on_o the_o east_n with_o peterill_a on_o the_o west_n with_o cauda_fw-la and_o beside_o these_o fortification_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v strengthen_v with_o strong_a wall_n of_o square_a stone_n with_o a_o castle_n and_o a_o citadel_n there_o be_v other_o town_n as_o keswick_n wirkinton_n bulnesse_n call_v ancient_o blatum-bulgium_n penrith_n or_o perith_n that_o i_o may_v pass_v over_o village_n and_o castle_n this_o shire_n have_v 58_o parish-church_n it_o have_v also_o lake_n abound_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o fly_a fowl_n lake_n and_o many_o river_n among_o which_o be_v the_o little_a river_n irton_n rivers_n in_o which_o while_n the_o gape_a shellfish_n receive_v the_o dew_n they_o become_v present_o as_o it_o be_v great_a with_o child_n and_o bring_v forth_o pearl_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n when_o the_o water_n settle_v do_v seek_v for_o there_o be_v also_o the_o derwent_n cokar_n olen_n or_o elen_n eden_n and_o other_o all_o abound_a with_o fish_n beside_o this_o ocean_n which_o beat_v on_o the_o shore_n do_v bring_v forth_o great_a shoal_n of_o excellent_a fish_n and_o do_v seem_v to_o reproach_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o negligence_n because_o they_o use_v fish_v so_o lazy_o here_o be_v many_o mountain_n close_o together_o be_v full_a of_o mettle_n among_o
the_o south_n saxon_n after_o that_o caedwalla_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n the_o aforesaid_a edwalch_n be_v slay_v and_o arnaldus_n governor_n of_o the_o island_n be_v make_v away_o adjoin_v it_o to_o his_o territory_n but_o see_v more_o concern_v these_o thing_n in_o camden_n the_o inhabitant_n by_o nature_n be_v warlike_a inhabitant_n bold_a and_o forward_o and_o the_o soldier_n very_o stout_a in_o bede_n time_n there_o be_v think_v to_o be_v in_o this_o island_n a_o thousand_o and_o two_o hundred_o family_n but_o now_o it_o have_v six_o and_o thirty_o town_n beside_o village_n and_o castle_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v newport_n the_o chief_a market-town_n of_o the_o island_n heretofore_o call_v medena_n and_o novus_n burgus_n de_fw-fr meden_n from_o whence_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v divide_v into_o east-meden_n and_o west-meden_n according_a as_o it_o lie_v east_n or_o west_n also_o brading_n town_n newton_n &_o yarmouth_n which_o have_v their_o major_n and_o do_v send_v up_o their_o burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n this_o yarmouth_n and_o another_o also_o call_v sharpnore_n have_v castle_n which_o together_o with_o the_o fort_n worstey_n do_v defend_v the_o coast_n on_o the_o west_n side_n over_o against_o which_o scarce_o two_o mile_n off_o stand_v the_o fort_n hurst_n on_o a_o little_a tongue_n of_o ground_n in_o hampshire_n here_o be_v also_o the_o town_n quarre_n where_o a_o little_a monastery_n be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1132_o for_o veil_a virgin_n or_o close_a nun_n and_o god_n hill_n where_o i._o worseley_n found_v a_o school_n for_o the_o nurture_n of_o child_n here_o be_v situate_a westcow_n and_o eastcow_n now_o ruinate_v which_o henry_n the_o eight_o build_v in_o the_o very_a jaw_n and_o entrance_n of_o newport_n and_o on_o the_o east_n be_v sandham_n a_o castle_n fortify_v with_o great_a ordinance_n as_o the_o rest_n be_v beside_o the_o fortification_n of_o nature_n for_o it_o be_v encompass_v about_o with_o ragged_a cliff_n underneath_o which_o be_v hide_a rock_n as_o these_o two_o island_n lie_v near_o to_o the_o english_a shore_n somewhat_o more_o towards_o the_o west_n some_o island_n do_v appear_v in_o the_o sea_n near_o to_o france_n and_o yet_o belong_v to_o england_n among_o which_o be_v gerzey_n and_o garnzey_n and_o first_o gerzey_n call_v caesarea_n by_o antoninus_n lie_v near_o to_o normandy_n or_o the_o shore_n of_o lexobii_n who_o our_o briton_n do_v call_v lettaw_n that_o be_v dweller_n on_o the_o shore_n or_o coaster_n this_o word_n caesarea_n the_o frenchman_n have_v contract_v into_o gersey_n gersey_n even_o as_o caesaris_n burgus_n a_o town_n in_o normandy_n be_v by_o they_o contract_o call_v cherburgh_n and_o caesar_n augusta_n a_o town_n in_o spain_n be_v by_o the_o spaniard_n call_v saraggosa_n name_n into_o this_o island_n condemn_v man_n be_v heretofore_o banish_v situation_n for_o the_o bishop_n of_o lion_n be_v banish_v hither_o papirius_n massonius_n call_v it_o the_o isle_n of_o constantine_n shore_n because_o it_o lie_v over_o against_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o constantia_n which_o ammianus_n think_v be_v heretofore_o call_v castra_n constantia_n and_o in_o former_a time_n muritonium_n this_o island_n be_v about_o 20_o mile_n in_o compass_n be_v defend_v by_o rock_n and_o such_o sand_n as_o be_v dangerous_a to_o seaman_n the_o earth_n be_v sufficient_o fertile_a abound_v with_o divers_a fruit_n and_o with_o flock_n of_o cattle_n it_o have_v many_o sheep_n and_o most_o of_o they_o such_o as_o have_v four_o horn_n be_v beautify_v with_o so_o many_o green_a orchard_n and_o garden_n and_o those_o so_o fruitful_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o drink_n of_o apple_n which_o they_o call_v sisera_n and_o the_o english_a sideâ—_n therewith_o but_o in_o regard_n they_o have_v little_a fuel_n instead_o of_o wood_n they_o use_v sea_n weed_n by_o they_o call_v vraic_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o sea-grass_n which_o pliny_n mention_n and_o they_o grow_v so_o plentiful_o on_o these_o rock_n soil_n that_o they_o seem_v a_o far_o of_o to_o be_v thick_a wood_n these_o be_v dry_v in_o the_o sun_n and_o after_o burn_v for_o fuel_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o ash_n for_o manure_v their_o field_n and_o make_v they_o fruitful_a this_o island_n be_v likewise_o full_a of_o village_n have_v twelve_o parish_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a castle_n seat_v on_o the_o hill_n montorguel_n and_o he_o that_o govern_v it_o for_o the_o english_a be_v also_o governor_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n twenty_o mile_n hence_o towards_o the_o west_n be_v another_o island_n which_o antoninus_n name_v sarnia_n the_o english_a at_o this_o day_n call_v it_o garnsey_n lie_v from_o east_n to_o west_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o harp_n garnsey_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v either_o for_o largeness_n or_o populusnesse_n with_o the_o aforesaid_a gersey_n for_o it_o have_v only_o ten_o parish_n yet_o in_o this_o it_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o it_o because_o it_o have_v no_o venomous_a thing_n in_o it_o beside_o it_o be_v more_o fortify_v by_o nature_n as_o be_v encompass_v on_o every_o side_n with_o break_a cliff_n among_o which_o the_o smyris_n a_o hard_a and_o rough_a stone_n be_v find_v which_o the_o english_a call_v a_o emrall_n with_o which_o jeweller_n do_v cut_v their_o stone_n soil_n and_o glazier_n do_v cut_v their_o glass_n this_o island_n also_o as_o the_o former_a have_v green_a garden_n and_o orchard_n plant_v with_o divers_a tree_n whence_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o inhabitant_n use_v the_o drink_n make_v of_o apple_n call_v cider_n as_o the_o gersey_a people_n do_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o convenience_n of_o a_o haven_n haven_n and_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchant_n it_o be_v more_o famous_a than_o gersey_n for_o on_o the_o far_a part_n towards_o the_o east_n on_o the_o southern_a side_n it_o have_v a_o haven_n like_o a_o half_a moon_n near_o which_o be_v seat_v the_o town_n of_o saint_n peter_n be_v one_o long_o narrow_a street_n town_n full_a of_o warlike_a provision_n and_o frequent_v much_o with_o merchant_n when_o war_n begin_v in_o other_o place_n the_o entrance_n into_o the_o haven_n be_v fortify_v on_o either_o side_n with_o castle_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v a_o ancient_a castle_n &_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n another_o which_o they_o call_v cornet_n seat_v on_o a_o high_a rock_n &_o environ_v with_o the_o sea_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o either_o isle_n be_v original_o either_o norman_n or_o briton_n and_o do_v speak_v french_a in_o both_o island_n they_o use_v that_o which_o they_o call_v vraic_n instead_o of_o fuel_n or_o pit-coale_n dig_v in_o england_n &_o both_o of_o they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n these_o island_n with_o other_o adjacent_a and_o lie_v near_o unto_o they_o do_v heretofore_o belong_v to_o normandy_n but_o when_o henry_n the_o first_o have_v overthrow_v his_o brother_n robert_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1108_o he_o adjoin_v normandy_n &_o these_o island_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n government_n since_o which_o time_n they_o have_v continue_v in_o faithful_a obedience_n to_o england_n although_o the_o french_a banish_v king_n john_n possess_v normandy_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o sell_v his_o right_n in_o normandy_n and_o yield_v up_o the_o possession_n of_o aquitaine_n in_o consideration_n of_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o french_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o do_v hold_v garnsey_n but_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o richard_n harleston_n valectus_n de_fw-fr carona_n as_o they_o then_o call_v he_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o in_o reward_n whereof_o the_o king_n do_v confer_v and_o bestow_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o island_n and_o castle_n and_o let_v so_o much_o suffice_v to_o have_v be_v speak_v concern_v these_o four_o island_n and_o also_o concern_v england_n both_o in_o general_a and_o particular_a norwey_n and_o swethland_n the_o first_o and_o second_o kingdom_n of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o world_n britain_n be_v describe_v as_o faithful_o as_o we_o can_v that_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n now_o follow_v in_o our_o method_n which_o the_o ancient_n do_v call_v scandia_n and_o scandinavia_n pliny_n call_v it_o the_o nurser_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o receptacle_n of_o people_n of_o a_o great_a stature_n that_o part_n which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o far_a northern_a shore_n of_o germany_n be_v distinguish_v at_o this_o time_n into_o the_o three_o kingdom_n of_o norwey_n swethland_n and_o denmark_n norwey_n norwey_n or_o norwegia_n come_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o be_v view_v call_v the_o etymology_n whereof_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v know_v for_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o nord_n which_o signify_v the_o north_n and_o weg_v which_o signify_v a_o way_n as_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v the_o northway_n
krimpen_a out_o of_o this_o nobility_n be_v choose_v the_o praefect_n or_o master_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v such_o a_o office_n as_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o king_n house_n in_o france_n he_o dwell_v for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o haffnia_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o king_n substitute_n and_o do_v dispatch_v matter_n as_o he_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o king_n next_o to_o he_o be_v the_o marshal_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n do_v provide_v those_o thing_n which_o appertain_v to_o expedition_n in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v the_o admiral_n which_o do_v build_v new_a ship_n repair_v the_o old_a and_o every_o year_n order_v the_o seaâ—matters_n for_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o coast_n he_o have_v under_o he_o a_o other_o admiral_n appoint_v and_o in_o every_o ship_n a_o captain_n who_o must_v be_v bear_v a_o gentleman_n there_o be_v also_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o who_o out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n and_o isle_n they_o appeal_v and_o make_v suit_n unto_o and_o from_o who_o appeal_n be_v also_o make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o senate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n all_o the_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o haeret_fw-la as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o into_o diocese_n under_o which_o be_v many_o parish_n here_o if_o there_o be_v any_o controversy_n matter_n be_v first_o try_v and_o from_o hence_o they_o appeal_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o haeret._n afterward_o to_o the_o chancellor_n and_o last_o of_o all_o to_o the_o king_n and_o senator_n where_o it_o have_v a_o determinate_a and_o final_a judgement_n they_o have_v a_o write_a law_n compose_v by_o woldemare_n the_o first_o together_o with_o the_o bishop_n and_o senator_n which_o be_v very_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o not_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o that_o cause_n and_o suit_n may_v soon_o have_v a_o end_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o judge_n if_o they_o do_v any_o wrong_v or_o give_v false_a judgement_n be_v condemn_v to_o lose_v half_a their_o good_n whereof_o the_o king_n have_v the_o one_o part_n and_o the_o injure_a party_n the_o other_o woldemare_n the_o first_o except_o i_o be_v deceive_v add_v the_o bishop_n to_o the_o senator_n who_o christianus_n the_o three_o for_o rebellion_n and_o certain_a other_o cause_n do_v put_v out_o again_o the_o king_n chancellor_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n follow_v the_o king_n in_o the_o court_n have_v seven_o or_o eight_o noble_a man_n adjoin_v unto_o he_o as_o assistant_n beside_o secretary_n and_o clerk_n and_o all_o business_n be_v dispatch_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o but_o if_o it_o be_v some_o matter_n of_o consequence_n as_o concern_v peace_n or_o war_n enter_v into_o league_n with_o foreign_a nation_n or_o into_o consultation_n concern_v the_o defend_n of_o their_o own_o territory_n than_o the_o king_n call_v a_o council_n of_o senator_n neither_o can_v the_o king_n impose_v any_o tax_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n or_o country_n without_o their_o consent_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o noble_n there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o kingdom_n a_o master_n of_o the_o exchequer_n who_o collect_v and_o gather_v all_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n both_o of_o castle_n farm_n and_o custom_n as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n he_o take_v account_n of_o they_o enquire_v into_o they_o and_z giveth_z acquittance_n for_o the_o receipt_n of_o they_o he_o have_v two_o assistant_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o many_o clerk_n under_o he_o and_o for_o his_o office_n have_v a_o yearly_a stipend_n or_o pension_n the_o three_o state_n be_v of_o the_o clergy_n in_o which_o there_o be_v seven_o bishop_n as_o the_o bishop_n of_o lunden_n the_o bishop_n of_o roâ—schild_n the_o bishop_n of_o otthon_n of_o rip_n of_o wiburg_n of_o arhuse_v and_o the_o bishop_n of_o sleswich_n to_o who_o the_o other_o canonical_a person_n have_v relation_n these_o have_v the_o ten_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o in_o divers_a country_n be_v divide_v in_o a_o divers_a manner_n for_o the_o bishop_n have_v a_o half_a part_n of_o the_o ten_o and_o the_o king_n a_o half_a part_n the_o canonist_n and_o preacher_n have_v a_o part_n and_o a_o part_n be_v contribute_v towards_o the_o build_n and_o repair_v of_o church_n and_o as_o concern_v the_o pope_n authority_n in_o this_o kingdom_n as_o also_o in_o france_n the_o ordination_n of_o prelate_n and_o bishop_n have_v be_v always_o in_o the_o king_n power_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o answer_n of_o woldemare_n the_o first_o king_n of_o denmark_n which_o here_o i_o have_v annex_v when_o the_o pope_n require_v these_o and_o the_o like_a privilege_n from_o the_o king_n it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o king_n write_v back_o unto_o he_o we_o have_v our_o kingdom_n from_o our_o subject_n our_o life_n from_o our_o parent_n our_o reliligion_n from_o the_o romish_a church_n which_o if_o you_o will_v take_v from_o we_o i_o send_v it_o you_o by_o these_o present_n and_o as_o the_o wise_a decree_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o be_v praise_v prohibit_v ecclesiastical_a person_n from_o buy_v any_o immovable_a thing_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n so_o christian_n the_o three_o as_o wise_o do_v ordain_v that_o the_o clergy_n shall_v not_o sell_v any_o thing_n without_o the_o king_n express_a commandment_n in_o other_o matter_n the_o clergyman_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v well_o provide_v for_o by_o christian_a the_o three_o of_o famous_a memory_n and_o many_o school_n erect_v in_o many_o place_n as_o also_o two_o in_o iseland_n where_o they_o have_v likewise_o a_o printing-house_n there_o be_v but_o one_o university_n in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n call_v the_o university_n of_o haven_n haffen_n or_o hafnia_n found_v by_o christerne_n the_o first_o by_o permission_n of_o pope_n sixtus_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1470_o which_o frederick_n the_o second_o although_o he_o be_v seven_o year_n encumber_v with_o the_o swethish_n war_n do_v so_o enrich_v that_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n thereof_o be_v very_o much_o the_o four_o state_n be_v of_o the_o citizen_n and_o merchant_n dwell_v in_o city_n and_o town_n these_o have_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a privilege_n which_o they_o enjoy_v beside_o certain_a field_n and_o wood_n that_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o these_o do_v traffic_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n in_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n out_o of_o these_o as_o also_o out_o of_o the_o countrypeople_n the_o bishop_n the_o canonist_n the_o preacher_n and_o senator_n of_o city_n the_o clerk_n of_o band_n the_o lieutenant_n of_o tower_n and_o the_o master_n of_o ship_n be_v choose_v and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o custom_n or_o tribute_n last_o of_o these_o all_o lesser_a counsel_n of_o justice_n do_v consist_v one_o of_o the_o nobility_n for_o the_o most_o part_n sit_v as_o precedent_n the_o five_o state_n be_v of_o the_o rustic_a or_o countrypeople_n and_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o they_o the_o first_o they_o call_v freibunden_v that_o be_v freeholders_n these_o do_v hold_v land_n of_o inheritance_n yet_o pay_v for_o the_o same_o some_o little_a free-rent_a every_o year_n these_o do_v also_o use_v merchandise_n and_o fish_n they_o be_v not_o oppress_v with_o do_v service_n neither_o do_v they_o pay_v any_o tax_n unless_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v grant_v it_o as_o a_o subsidy_n the_o other_o sort_n be_v of_o those_o who_o do_v not_o possess_v good_n of_o inheritance_n but_o do_v farm_n they_o of_o the_o king_n the_o nobles_z or_o ecclesiastical_a person_n and_o be_v constrain_v to_o do_v many_o service_n for_o their_o lord_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o shall_v covenant_v with_o their_o landlord_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a thing_n which_o i_o think_v good_a to_o declare_v concern_v the_o state_n politic_a of_o denmark_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o danish_a monarchy_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n well_o frame_v for_o the_o free_a election_n of_o the_o king_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o out_o of_o the_o royal_a progeny_n as_o we_o say_v before_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o dane_n have_v no_o civil_a war_n or_o dissension_n unless_o those_o which_o be_v between_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a which_o be_v quick_o compose_v by_o the_o mediation_n and_o help_n of_o the_o noble_n but_o especial_o see_v the_o king_n young_a son_n can_v have_v no_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n moreover_o as_o they_o be_v all_o style_v but_o noble_n and_o know_v not_o the_o title_n and_o name_n of_o baron_n earl_n and_o duke_n so_o there_o be_v none_o that_o have_v so_o much_o wealth_n and_o power_n as_o that_o repose_a trust_n therein_o they_o dare_v oppose_v themselves_o against_o
the_o royal_a family_n because_o the_o father_n inheritance_n be_v always_o divide_v between_o the_o son_n and_o daughter_n thus_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v a_o flourish_a commonwealth_n which_o may_v easy_o be_v defend_v from_o foreign_a enemy_n who_o their_o subject_n live_v in_o unanimity_n and_o concord_n with_o they_o as_o their_o natural_a lord_n be_v able_a to_o resist_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n be_v the_o three_o kingdom_n of_o the_o north_n denmark_n be_v join_v only_o in_o two_o place_n to_o the_o continent_n situation_n on_o the_o west_n the_o ocean_n beat_v on_o it_o on_o the_o east_n the_o baltic_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n lie_v norwey_n and_o swethland_n and_o on_o the_o south_n holsatia_n megalopolis_n and_o pomerama_n it_o have_v many_o several_a island_n lie_v by_o it_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o climate_n air_n together_o with_o the_o wholsomnesse_n of_o the_o air_n that_o i_o may_v use_v joh._n coldingensis_n his_o word_n do_v make_v the_o dane_n fresh_a complexioned_a the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v nourish_v they_o the_o sweet_a harmony_n of_o bird_n do_v recreate_v they_o their_o wood_n and_o grove_n in_o which_o great_a number_n of_o hog_n do_v feed_v soil_n and_o fat_a themselves_o with_o acorn_n and_o beech-maste_n do_v refresh_v they_o and_o the_o divers_a sort_n of_o cattle_n and_o flourish_a meadow_n do_v yield_v they_o much_o delight_n the_o sea_n do_v afford_v they_o such_o plenty_n of_o provision_n that_o the_o dane_n thereby_o not_o only_o furnish_v themselves_o creature_n but_o also_o many_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n in_o a_o word_n they_o want_v nothing_o that_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n so_o love_v have_v nature_n show_v herself_o to_o this_o country_n concern_v the_o ancient_a government_n thereof_o munster_n write_v that_o one_o danus_n many_o age_n before_o christ_n be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o denmark_n government_n from_o who_o the_o other_o king_n of_o denmark_n do_v descend_v in_o a_o fair_a and_o orderly_a succession_n therefore_o concern_v the_o name_n of_o his_o successor_n and_o the_o other_o king_n of_o denmark_n read_v munster_n large_o discourse_v all_o the_o country_n of_o denmark_n have_v many_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n reach_v far_o into_o the_o land_n do_v consist_v of_o many_o part_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v these_o jutia_n fionia_n zelandia_n and_o scania_n beside_o the_o island_n lie_v near_o to_o several_a part_n thereof_o jutia_n which_o some_o will_v have_v call_v gotâ—a_n be_v heretofore_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o cimbri_n be_v call_v by_o historian_n and_o geographer_n the_o cimbrian_a chersonesus_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o southern_a and_o northern_a jutia_n the_o description_n of_o this_o northern_a jutia_n you_o may_v behold_v in_o the_o second_o table_n of_o denmark_n southern_a jutia_n heretofore_o call_v nordalbingia_n do_v contain_v the_o famous_a dukedom_n of_o sleswick_n to_o which_o the_o dukedom_n of_o holsatia_n may_v now_o be_v add_v whereof_o you_o shall_v find_v a_o more_o ample_a declaration_n in_o the_o three_o table_n of_o denmark_n also_o there_o follow_v a_o more_o particular_a description_n of_o fionia_n in_o the_o four_o table_n of_o denmark_n the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n daniae_fw-la regnum_n the_o second_o table_n of_o denmark_n which_o contain_v part_n of_o the_o northern_a jutia_n the_o western_a and_o special_a part_n of_o denmark_n be_v jutia_n common_o call_v jutland_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v the_o cimbrian_a chersonesus_n and_o pliny_n cartrin_n name_n this_o run_v forth_o northward_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o peninsula_n between_o the_o british_a and_o german_a sea_n as_o italy_n do_v towards_o the_o south_n the_o southern_a bind_v thereof_o be_v the_o river_n eydera_fw-la situation_n and_o it_o lie_v many_o mile_n in_o length_n from_o the_o river_n albis_n or_o elve_n towards_o the_o north_n the_o great_a breadth_n of_o it_o be_v not_o much_o this_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a part_n as_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v the_o northern_a jutia_n jutia_n call_v the_o northern_a cimbrica_n which_o be_v describe_v in_o this_o table_n extend_v itself_o towards_o norwey_n do_v over_o against_o saga_fw-la a_o town_n famous_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o quicksand_n and_o shallow_a sea_n near_o it_o situation_n end_n in_o a_o strait_n and_o narrow_a form_n like_o a_o wedge_n this_o country_n be_v broad_a about_o the_o market_n town_n of_o aleburg_n where_o lymford_n wind_v itself_o into_o it_o and_o pass_v almost_o through_o all_o jutia_n westward_o part_v the_o country_n wensussel_n from_o the_o rest_n except_o it_o be_v for_o a_o very_a little_a space_n and_o so_o make_v it_o as_o it_o be_v a_o island_n this_o river_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o great_a channel_n make_v many_o famous_a island_n by_o encompass_v they_o about_o and_o have_v many_o bay_n as_o it_o be_v and_o several_a branch_n it_o do_v divide_v and_o give_v limit_n to_o divers_a province_n northern_a jutia_n be_v fertile_a in_o produce_v and_o bear_v fruit_n corn_n barley_n and_o the_o like_a it_o have_v also_o in_o some_o place_n very_o fruitful_a pasture_n it_o abound_v with_o so_o many_o herd_n of_o ox_n and_o bring_v up_o so_o many_o cow_n that_o it_o send_v a_o incredible_a number_n of_o cattle_n into_o foreign_a country_n and_o especial_o into_o germany_n whither_o there_o be_v yearly_a bring_v almost_o 150_o thousand_o ox_n beside_o cheese_n butter_n tallow_n and_o hide_v it_o do_v bring_v forth_o a_o excellent_a breed_n of_o horse_n of_o which_o a_o great_a number_n be_v transport_v to_o other_o place_n jutia_n heretofore_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o saxon_n but_o not_o the_o other_o northern_a country_n out_o of_o this_o country_n the_o cimbri_n 150_o year_n before_o christ_n birth_n come_v and_o fall_v upon_o italy_n like_o a_o impetuous_a storm_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n thereof_o for_o they_o have_v join_v to_o themselves_o the_o tentons_n the_o tigurine_n and_o ambrones_n conspire_v utter_o to_o extinguish_v the_o roman_a empire_n syllanus_n can_v not_o resist_v the_o violence_n of_o their_o first_o approach_n nor_o manilius_n their_o second_o onset_n nor_o caepio_n the_o three_o all_o of_o they_o be_v put_v to_o slight_a and_o beat_v out_o of_o their_o tent_n insomuch_o as_o florus_n think_v they_o have_v be_v quite_o undo_v and_o overthrow_v if_o marius_n have_v not_o live_v in_o that_o age_n this_o cimbrian_a war_n continue_v eight_o year_n after_o the_o consulship_n of_o syllanus_n even_o to_o the_o five_o consulship_n of_o marius_n who_o at_o the_o râ—ver_n athesis_n call_v by_o the_o germane_a etsâ—h_n and_o by_o the_o italian_n â—adica_fw-la do_v quite_o cut_v off_o their_o army_n consist_v of_o cimbrian_o teutâ—us_n and_o and_o ambrones_n but_o because_o in_o this_o place_n we_o have_v by_o chance_n make_v mention_v of_o the_o cimbrian_o who_o name_n be_v famous_a in_o history_n we_o will_v speak_v somewhat_o more_o of_o they_o and_o because_o junius_n a_o learned_a â—an_v do_v discourse_n most_o learned_o of_o they_o i_o will_v not_o think_v it_o much_o to_o set_v down_o his_o own_o or_o other_o word_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n it_o appear_v in_o moses_n book_n say_v he_o that_o japhet_n have_v a_o son_n call_v gomer_n or_o by_o change_v of_o a_o letter_n gomer_n which_o word_n signify_v with_o the_o hebrew_n one_o perfect_a a_o circle_n but_o the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n hitherto_o unknown_a to_o writer_n unskilful_a in_o the_o cimmerian_a language_n because_o none_o have_v declare_v the_o obscurity_n will_v be_v as_o manifest_v and_o clear_a as_o the_o meridian_n sun_n if_o you_o gentle_o break_v the_o word_n in_o piece_n for_o what_o other_o thing_n do_v goom_n her_o be_v disjoin_v signify_v in_o that_o language_n or_o if_o you_o pronounce_v it_o gomer_n than_o i_o go_v about_o in_o a_o circle_n or_o i_o finish_v a_o perfect_a course_n hence_o also_o be_v that_o orbicular_a order_n of_o art_n which_o the_o grecian_a writer_n call_v encyclopedia_n and_o fabius_n the_o circle_n of_o learning_n because_o it_o be_v endless_a as_o a_o ring_n call_v gomera_n right_o therefore_o that_o auspicious_a name_n happen_v unto_o the_o offspring_n of_o japhet_n which_o spread_v themselves_o over_o the_o world_n and_o as_o the_o name_n do_v signify_v do_v finish_v that_o course_n that_o be_v give_v and_o prescribe_v to_o they_o by_o lot_n have_v travel_v over_o all_o country_n from_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o set_v thereof_o for_o no_o man_n be_v so_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o history_n that_o know_v not_o that_o the_o goth_n and_o vandal_n who_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o the_o cimmerian_n or_o cimbri_n do_v possess_v both_o the_o hesperiaes_n wherefore_o since_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o man_n the_o cimmerian_n do_v descend_v from_o gomer_n who_o at_o first_o
dropsy_n or_o phthisic_n achilles_n gassarus_n affirm_v that_o gun_n be_v here_o first_o invent_v by_o a_o monk_n the_o three_o table_n of_o denmark_n in_o which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o sleswich_n and_o holsatia_n sleswick_n so_o much_o concern_v northern_a jutia_n the_o southern_a follow_v which_o the_o ancient_n do_v call_v nordalbingia_n because_o it_o be_v separate_v and_o part_v towards_o the_o north_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o germany_n by_o the_o river_n call_v albis_n it_o contain_v the_o two_o dukedom_n of_o sleswick_n and_o holsatia_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v in_o order_n the_o dukedom_n of_o sleswick_n take_v his_o name_n from_o the_o metropolis_n and_o ancient_a mart_n town_n of_o sleswick_n heretofore_o this_o country_n be_v call_v the_o dukedom_n of_o jutia_n which_o woldemare_n nephew_n to_o abel_n king_n of_o denmark_n receive_v to_o hold_v in_o fee_n of_o king_n ericus_n about_o the_o year_n 1280._o but_o the_o royal_a line_n of_o the_o king_n and_o duke_n be_v extinct_a and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o sleswick_n be_v thereby_o fall_v to_o the_o crown_n government_n margaret_n queen_n of_o three_o kingdom_n give_v it_o to_o gerard_n earl_n of_o holsatia_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v acknowledge_v to_o hold_v it_o of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n town_n the_o city_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o this_o dukedom_n because_o they_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o other_o part_n of_o denmark_n therefore_o they_o have_v the_o same_o law_n with_o they_o the_o subject_n may_v appeal_v from_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o magistrate_n of_o any_o place_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o their_o senator_n and_o not_o far_o as_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o their_o privilege_n but_o the_o general_a government_n of_o both_o these_o dukedom_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o holsatia_n by_o turn_n when_o it_o be_v devolve_v and_o do_v fall_v to_o the_o king_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o his_o substitute_n in_o his_o name_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o this_o dukedom_n be_v slesvicum_n common_o call_v schleswick_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o a_o german_a word_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v situate_v near_o slia_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n for_o wick_n signify_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n both_o a_o town_n and_o a_o crooked_a wind_a or_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o becanus_n have_v observe_v in_o his_o book_n of_o gothish_n &_o danish_a matter_n crantzius_n and_o those_o who_o have_v write_v the_o saxon_a history_n do_v give_v it_o a_o other_o appellation_n beside_o sleswick_n which_o be_v still_o in_o use_n with_o the_o dane_n &_o freeslander_n for_o they_o call_v this_o town_n in_o their_o language_n heidebui_n or_o heideba_n because_o they_o say_v it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o a_o certain_a queen_n of_o denmark_n who_o name_n be_v heth._n it_o have_v a_o convenient_a situation_n for_o traffic_v and_o a_o convenient_a haven_n for_o commerce_n and_o trade_n not_o far_o from_o this_o town_n be_v seat_v the_o castle_n gotorpi_n here_o be_v a_o famous_a custom_n or_o toll_n for_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o plentiful_a year_n fifty_o thousand_o ox_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o denmark_n into_o germany_n have_v here_o be_v pay_v toll_n for_o there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o dukedom_n flensburg_n a_o famous_a town_n lie_v among_o the_o high_a mountain_n near_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n it_o holsatia_n the_o three_o table_n of_o norwey_n have_v a_o haven_n so_o convenient_a deep_a and_o safe_a that_o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n may_v load_v and_o unloade_v ship_n even_o at_o their_o own_o door_n and_o here_o be_v the_o town_n husenum_n or_o hussum_fw-la and_o haderslebia_n this_o dukedom_n have_v only_o one_o bishopric_n two_o chapter_n three_o monastery_n and_o divers_a castle_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o noble_n the_o order_n of_o senator_n whereof_o i_o have_v heretofore_o make_v mention_n senator_n do_v consist_v of_o the_o number_n of_o 24_o person_n of_o the_o gentry_n to_o who_o be_v join_v a_o general_a chancellor_n and_o two_o doctor_n of_o the_o law_n the_o dukedom_n of_o holsatia_n call_v some_o do_v suppose_v that_o holsatia_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o many_o wood_n and_o forest_n which_o be_v in_o it_o for_o the_o cimbrian_o and_o low_a german_n do_v call_v a_o wood_n holt_n and_o some_o do_v derive_v the_o etymology_n of_o the_o word_n from_o a_o hollow_a stone_n because_o the_o duke_n of_o holsatia_n be_v former_o call_v duke_n of_o the_o hollow_a stone_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n bilena_n situation_n on_o the_o west_n with_o stora_n or_o steur_n on_o the_o south_n with_o albis_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o eider_n soil_n the_o country_n itself_o be_v woody_a and_o full_a of_o forest_n whence_o they_o have_v such_o store_n of_o fuel_n that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o supply_v freesland_n with_o wood_n when_o they_o themselves_o also_o do_v keep_v great_a fire_n but_o although_o their_o wood_n be_v very_o spacious_a so_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v no_o end_n yet_o they_o seldom_o have_v any_o great_a oak_n in_o they_o but_o be_v full_a of_o beech-tree_n with_o who_o waste_n a_o innumerable_a sort_n of_o hog_n be_v fat_v the_o land_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v afford_v they_o every_o three_o year_n great_a store_n of_o fish_v and_o a_o very_a rich_a and_o plentiful_a harvest_n for_o three_o year_n together_o it_o be_v till_v sow_v and_o mow_v and_o three_o year_n afterward_o the_o lake_n be_v let_v in_o to_o feed_v the_o fish_n and_o grass_n thereby_o a_o certain_a fat_a and_o slimy_a matter_n be_v bring_v in_o creature_n which_o do_v fertilise_v the_o field_n this_o place_n bear_v neither_o vine_n nor_o olive_n but_o there_o be_v much_o hunt_n of_o wild_a beast_n and_o this_o country_n do_v breed_v a_o great_a number_n of_o horse_n holsatia_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n dithmarsh_n holsatia_n stormaria_n and_o wagria_n these_o be_v heretofore_o county_n and_o afterward_o change_v into_o a_o dukedom_n by_o frederick_n the_o three_o emperor_n at_o the_o suit_n and_o request_n of_o christian_n the_o first_o who_o now_o be_v charge_v to_o maintain_v 40_o horseman_n and_o fourscore_o foot_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n dithmarsh_n at_o the_o first_o enjoy_v freedom_n and_o liberty_n for_o some_o hundred_o year_n government_n and_o albeit_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n to_o christian_n the_o first_o in_o fee_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o at_o that_o time_n subject_v afterward_o his_o son_n king_n john_n and_o duke_n frederick_n do_v undertake_v to_o make_v a_o expedition_n against_o it_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1500_o but_o the_o dithmarsians_n have_v overthrow_v their_o army_n defend_v their_o own_o liberty_n until_o they_o be_v conquer_v &_o overcome_v by_o the_o nephew_n of_o christian_n the_o first_o namely_o duke_n john_n adolphus_n and_o frederick_n the_o second_o king_n of_o denmark_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1559._o in_o holsatia_n be_v these_o city_n first_o segeberg_n in_o wagria_n a_o country_n of_o holsatia_n 16_o mile_n from_o lubeck_n 2_o itzohoa_o a_o fair_a town_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o resort_n of_o ship_n unto_o it_o 3_o stormaria_n be_v encompass_v and_o as_o it_o be_v embrace_v in_o the_o arm_n of_o a_o fishie_a and_o navigable_a river_n which_o arise_v in_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o holsatia_n do_v wash_v the_o wall_n of_o certain_a town_n and_o the_o noble_a ranzovian_a house_n of_o bredenberg_n and_o afterward_o do_v discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o river_n albis_n here_o be_v in_o this_o country_n chilonium_fw-la common_o call_v kile_n which_o be_v a_o ancient_a town_n and_o have_v a_o large_a haven_n in_o which_o to_o the_o great_a commodity_n of_o the_o holsatian_o divers_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n be_v bring_v out_o of_o germany_n livonia_n denmark_n and_o swethland_n also_o krempe_n and_o reinholdsburg_n or_o rensburg_n the_o former_a take_v his_o name_n from_o the_o river_n glide_v by_o it_o the_o late_a from_o the_o first_o builder_n here_o be_v moreover_o meldorp_n heiningsted_n or_o henste_n and_o tellingsted_n in_o dithmars_n and_o hamburg_n the_o metropolis_n of_o stormaria_n hâ—â—bâ—rg_n a_o renown_a mart-towne_n near_o the_o river_n albis_n which_o after_o many_o devastation_n and_o calamity_n suffer_v in_o the_o war_n be_v at_o last_o re-edify_v and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o emperor_n it_o begin_v to_o be_v encompass_v with_o wall_n and_o to_o be_v beautify_v with_o three_o gate_n and_o twelve_o watch-towre_n in_o this_o city_n albertus_n crantzius_n a_o eloquent_a and_o true_a historian_n live_v and_o be_v bury_v this_o country_n be_v full_a of_o lake_n and_o especial_o dithmar_n
glessaria_n there_o be_v many_o kind_n of_o it_o the_o white_a have_v the_o best_a smell_n which_o be_v cheap_a at_o the_o first_o the_o next_o be_v the_o yellow_a and_o waxe-colour_n the_o yellow_a be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o have_v a_o translucent_a shine_a colour_n like_o flame_n of_o fire_n there_o be_v some_o which_o be_v as_o soft_a as_o boil_a or_o decoct_v honey_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v honey-amber_n there_o be_v much_o use_v of_o this_o amber_n in_o many_o thing_n be_v heat_v with_o rub_v it_o draw_v unto_o it_o chaff_n and_o dry_a leaf_n as_o the_o loadstone_n do_v iron_n borussia_n have_v also_o wood_n which_o be_v never_o cut_v wood_n whence_o great_a store_n of_o wood_n be_v carry_v away_o for_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n and_o house_n they_o have_v straight_a tree_n to_o make_v mast_n for_o ship_n which_o be_v carry_v from_o thence_o into_o far_a country_n and_o last_o they_o have_v other_o riches_n of_o their_o own_o from_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n receive_v great_a profit_n as_o bee_n and_o wild_a beast_n of_o which_o we_o speak_v before_o the_o country_n be_v divide_v at_o this_o day_n into_o russia_n regis_n and_o russia_n ducalis_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n do_v immediate_o possess_v either_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n vistula_n even_o to_o the_o mouth_n thereof_o also_o the_o island_n which_o be_v enclose_v with_o vistula_n and_o nogo_n the_o town_n and_o castle_n to_o the_o new_a bay_n as_o elbing_n tolkenit_n frawenberg_n and_o brunsberg_n even_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o passaria_n and_o the_o whole_a diocese_n of_o warmia_n be_v large_a towards_o the_o south_n and_o adorn_v with_o town_n and_o field_n hang_v like_o a_o bladder_n in_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o borussia_n government_n but_o although_o borussia_n be_v immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v but_o one_o kingdom_n with_o poland_n yet_o it_o have_v a_o public_a council_n law_n and_o judgement_n a_o exchequer_n and_o the_o management_n of_o war_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o there_o be_v two_o bishop_n in_o it_o one_o of_o warmia_n who_o have_v his_o residence_n at_o brunsburg_n and_o the_o other_o at_o culmes_n there_o be_v three_o palatine_n as_o the_o palatine_a of_o culmes_n of_o marienburg_n and_o of_o pomeran_n three_o castle_n as_o the_o castle_n of_o culmes_n elbing_n and_o gedane_n common_o call_v dantzick_n and_o so_o many_o under-chamberlaines_a there_o be_v three_o chief_a and_o prime_a city_n turuma_n elbing_n dantzick_n these_o assemble_v themselves_o together_o to_o deliberate_v and_o give_v judgement_n in_o matter_n of_o controversy_n twice_o every_o year_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n at_o margenburg_n and_o at_o michaelmas_n at_o graudent_n there_o be_v eighteen_o captain_n or_o prefect_n of_o the_o king_n castle_n and_o revenue_n 〈◊〉_d as_o in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o marienburg_n the_o captain_n of_o stuma_n gneva_n meva_n stargardia_n in_o pomeran_n the_o captain_n of_o slochovia_n above_o tuchol_n near_o the_o river_n bro_n the_o captain_n of_o sueza_n tuchol_n dernias_n and_o puske_n in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o culmes_n the_o captain_n of_o brodnicke_n graudent_n radine_n or_o reden_n colba_n rogosna_n rogenhausen_n and_o three_o other_o the_o dukedom_n of_o borussia_n belong_v heretofore_o to_o the_o german_a order_n or_o the_o order_n of_o the_o cross_n be_v convert_v into_o a_o hereditary_a dukedom_n by_o albert_n of_o brandenburg_n master_n of_o the_o order_n and_o be_v rend_v away_o from_o the_o german_a empire_n it_o come_v into_o the_o protection_n and_o obedience_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1525._o the_o prince_n thereof_o take_v his_o place_n in_o all_o counsel_n meeting_n and_o assembly_n next_o to_o the_o king_n if_o any_o contention_n arise_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o duke_n it_o be_v decide_v at_o marienburg_n or_o elbing_n by_o the_o king_n counsel_n who_o be_v swear_v by_o a_o new_a oath_n to_o judge_n right_o institution_n but_o the_o noble_n or_o other_o have_v a_o action_n against_o the_o duke_n do_v commence_v it_o before_o the_o duke_n vassal_n be_v depute_v and_o appoint_v by_o the_o duke_n to_o give_v judgement_n and_o from_o they_o a_o appeal_n be_v permit_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o duke_n counsel_n reside_v at_o martenburg_n every_o one_o ought_v there_o to_o be_v call_v into_o judgement_n where_o his_o good_n be_v or_o where_o he_o dwell_v neither_o can_v he_o be_v compel_v to_o stand_v to_o foreign_a trial_n and_o so_o be_v keep_v from_o his_o right_n the_o judge_n be_v so_o place_v in_o the_o province_n that_o out_o of_o three_o name_v by_o every_o province_n the_o duke_n choose_v one_o to_o judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o culmes_n and_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o province_n but_o if_o the_o duke_n do_v any_o thing_n against_o then_o privilege_n law_n or_o custom_n and_o upon_o suit_n make_v do_v not_o hear_v their_o grievance_n it_o be_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o chief_a man_n in_o the_o province_n without_o be_v think_v to_o be_v rebellious_a and_o seditious_a to_o fly_v unto_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n majesty_n of_o poland_n and_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o some_o covenant_n and_o agreement_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o duke_n may_v request_v he_o to_o defend_v their_o privilege_n there_o be_v in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o borussia_n two_o bishop_n one_o of_o sambia_fw-la mountain_n who_o have_v his_o residence_n at_o king_n mount_n common_o call_v konningsperg_n the_o other_o of_o pomesania_n who_o seat_n be_v at_o marienwend_a and_o these_o have_v all_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n in_o their_o own_o power_n concern_v the_o religion_n and_o rite_n of_o the_o ancient_a borussian_n meletius_n tell_v wonderful_a thing_n in_o his_o ten_o epistle_n to_o georgius_n sabinus_n they_o worship_v devil_n say_v he_o instead_o of_o god_n and_o now_o also_o in_o many_o place_n do_v secret_o worship_v they_o they_o religious_o worship_v several_a unclean_a creature_n namely_o serpent_n and_o snake_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v the_o servant_n and_o messenger_n of_o the_o god_n for_o these_o they_o keep_v within_o their_o house_n and_o sacrifice_v unto_o they_o as_o unto_o their_o household_n go_n they_o hold_v that_o the_o god_n do_v dwell_v in_o wood_n and_o grove_n and_o that_o they_o be_v to_o please_v they_o by_o sacrifice_v unto_o they_o in_o those_o place_n and_o to_o pray_v unto_o they_o to_o send_v they_o rain_v or_o fair_a weather_n they_o hold_v that_o all_o wild_a beast_n especial_o the_o alces_fw-la live_v in_o these_o wood_n be_v to_o be_v reverence_v as_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o god_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v to_o abstain_v from_o injure_v of_o they_o they_o believe_v that_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o go_n they_o do_v worship_n thunder_n and_o lightning_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o heathen_n and_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o may_v by_o prayer_n raise_v or_o calm_a storm_n and_o tempest_n they_o use_v a_o goat_n for_o their_o sacrifice_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o generative_a and_o fruitful_a nature_n of_o that_o creature_n they_o say_v that_o the_o god_n do_v inhabit_v in_o excellent_a fair_a tree_n as_o oak_n and_o the_o like_a wherefore_o they_o will_v not_o cut_v down_o such_o tree_n but_o do_v religious_o worship_v they_o as_o the_o house_n and_o seat_n of_o the_o go_n in_o such_o account_n also_o be_v the_o elder_a tree_n and_o many_o other_o they_o be_v heretofore_o barbarous_a &_o ignorant_a of_o learning_n so_o that_o they_o will_v have_v think_v it_o a_o incredible_a thing_n if_o any_o one_o shall_v have_v tell_v they_o that_o man_n can_v make_v know_v their_o mind_n one_o to_o another_o by_o the_o send_n of_o letter_n but_o of_o these_o thing_n enough_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o know_v more_o let_v he_o have_v recourse_n to_o erasmus_n stella_n his_o antiquity_n of_o borussia_n in_o his_o second_o book_n thereof_o livonia_n or_o liefland_n in_o my_o method_n livonia_n or_o levonia_n common_o call_v liefland_n do_v follow_v call_v concern_v the_o original_n of_o who_o name_n i_o dare_v affirm_v no_o certainty_n but_o althamerus_n write_v thus_o of_o it_o it_o may_v be_v say_v he_o that_o the_o livonian_o the_o far_a people_n of_o germany_n towards_o the_o there_o venedick_n shore_n dwell_v under_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o island_n scandinavia_n which_o be_v call_v gothland_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o lemovians_n but_o i_o have_v rather_o derive_v they_o from_o the_o efflui_fw-la for_o that_o they_o be_v common_o call_v eyslender_n ptolemie_n also_o mention_v the_o levonians_n in_o his_o second_o book_n cap._n 11._o and_o a_o little_a after_o speak_v of_o the_o aestii_n he_o say_v that_o beatus_fw-la rhenanus_fw-la do_v correct_v the_o corrupt_a read_n of_o tacitus_n and_o do_v again_o right_o set_v down_o the_o nation_n
of_o the_o aestii_n in_o as_o much_o as_o rhenanus_fw-la say_v it_o do_v appear_v that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o first_o copy_n aestui_n in_o stead_n of_o aestii_n the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o book_n put_v u_o for_o i_o and_o althamerus_n say_v if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o ancient_a copy_n the_o efflui_fw-fr he_o dare_v affirm_v that_o the_o eyslander_n be_v so_o call_v from_o they_o by_o a_o little_a alteration_n of_o the_o word_n these_o people_n also_o be_v call_v sudini_n and_o their_o country_n sudina_n join_v to_o prussia_n some_o do_v place_n the_o lectunni_n hereabout_o from_o who_o it_o may_v be_v that_o their_o name_n be_v derive_v livonia_n be_v stretch_v towards_o the_o balthick_n sea_n or_o the_o venedick_n bay_n be_v 500_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 160_o in_o breadth_n borussia_n lithuania_n and_o russia_n do_v encompass_v most_o part_n of_o it_o the_o rest_n the_o livonian_a bay_n do_v hem_n in_o country_n the_o country_n be_v plain_a and_o very_a fertile_a it_o bring_v forth_o corn_n in_o such_o abundance_n that_o in_o dear_a time_n and_o year_n of_o scarcity_n it_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o other_o country_n it_o abound_v also_o with_o the_o best_a flax_n and_o breed_v store_n of_o cattle_n beside_o there_o be_v in_o the_o wood_n of_o this_o country_n many_o bear_n alces_fw-la fox_n leopard_n cat_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o here_o be_v many_o hare_n creature_n which_o according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n do_v change_v their_o colour_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o they_o do_v in_o helvetia_n upon_o the_o alps_n in_o the_o winter_n they_o be_v white_a in_o summer_n of_o a_o ash_n colour_n and_o here_o be_v such_o plentiful_a hunt_n of_o wild_a beast_n that_o the_o country_n people_n though_o they_o be_v cruel_o use_v by_o the_o noble_n be_v not_o prohibit_v from_o it_o in_o brief_a livonia_n want_v none_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n and_o sustentation_n of_o man_n life_n except_o wine_n oil_n and_o some_o other_o thing_n grant_v by_o the_o divine_a bounty_n to_o other_o country_n as_o be_v under_o a_o more_o warm_a and_o gentle_a climate_n which_o yet_o be_v bring_v hither_o in_o great_a abundance_n livonia_n be_v anno_fw-la 1200_o by_o the_o industry_n and_o labour_n of_o the_o merchant_n of_o bremes_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o dutch_a order_n bring_v and_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n when_o it_o have_v a_o long_a time_n suffer_v the_o misery_n of_o foreign_a and_o civil_a war_n and_o have_v be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o neighbour_n king_n and_o prince_n government_n at_o length_n in_o the_o year_n 1559_o be_v under_o gothardus_fw-la keâ—lerus_n the_o last_o governor_n of_o the_o dutch_a oder_fw-ge it_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o protection_n and_o government_n of_o sigismundus_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n as_o a_o member_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o of_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o lithuania_n but_o gothardus_fw-la resign_v his_o order_n on_o the_o five_o day_n of_o march_n anno_fw-la 1562_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o riga_n before_o nicholas_n radziwilus_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n commissary_n and_o palatine_a of_o vilna_n as_o first_o the_o cross_n afterward_o the_o seal_n than_o his_o letter_n patent_n and_o all_o charter_n which_o the_o order_n have_v receive_v from_o the_o emperor_n and_o pope_n beside_o the_o key_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o riga_n and_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n the_o office_n of_o commendator_n the_o privilege_n and_o power_n of_o coin_v money_n the_o custom_n of_o fish_n and_o all_o other_o right_n belong_v to_o he_o he_o be_v present_o proclaim_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a palatine_a in_o the_o king_n majesty_n name_n duke_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n and_o straightway_o the_o nobility_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n do_v take_v their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n before_o he_o as_o to_o their_o lawful_a and_o hereditary_a lord_n the_o next_o day_n the_o duke_n of_o curland_n sit_v in_o estate_n be_v proclaim_v in_o the_o court_n of_o riga_n governor_n of_o livonia_n and_o receive_v the_o key_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n after_o which_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o citizen_n have_v all_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n restore_v and_o confirm_v unto_o they_o livonia_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n distinguish_v both_o by_o situation_n and_o language_n namely_o into_o estia_n city_n lettea_n and_o curlandia_n the_o province_n of_o estia_n or_o eastland_n be_v harria_n or_o harland_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v revalia_n or_o revel_v be_v situate_v towards_o the_o north_n near_o unto_o the_o balthick_n sea_n and_o nothing_o inferior_a unto_o riga_n it_o be_v build_v by_o voldemata_fw-la and_o have_v a_o famous_a haven_n the_o citizen_n use_v the_o lubeck_n law_n and_o do_v coin_v fouresquare_a money_n also_o the_o province_n of_o viria_n virland_n or_o wirland_n in_o which_o be_v weisenburg_n tolsberg_n and_o borcholm_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o revalia_n in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v allantika_n where_o be_v the_o town_n nerva_n or_o nerve_n by_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n over_o against_o which_o be_v the_o castle_n call_v ivanow_n gorod_n belong_v to_o the_o moscovite_n for_o the_o river_n that_o run_v between_o these_o town_n do_v part_n livonia_n from_o moscovia_n also_o nyschlot_n or_o neuschlos_n in_o the_o four_o place_n be_v odenpoa_n in_o which_o be_v derpt_v or_o topatum_n a_o episcopal_a city_n wernebes_n helmet_n and_o ringen_n in_o the_o five_o place_n be_v jervia_n or_o jerven_n in_o which_o be_v weâ—ssenslein_n lais_n overpolen_v or_o ober_n paln_v and_o vellin_n or_o fellin_n in_o the_o six_o place_n be_v wichia_n or_o wicke_n wherein_o be_v abseel_n or_o hapsel_n leal_n lode_n and_o pernaw_n near_o to_o the_o estians_n lie_v the_o island_n osilia_n or_o osel_n dageden_n or_o dachden_n mona_n wormse_n or_o worist_n wrangen_n kien_n and_o many_o other_o in_o which_o they_o use_v partly_o the_o estian_a language_n and_o partly_o the_o swedish_n the_o city_n of_o lettea_n or_o let_v be_v riga_n kokenhusen_n wenden_n and_o wolmar_n riga_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o livonia_n near_o the_o river_n duina_n which_o do_v discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o venedick_n bay_n this_o city_n be_v fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n with_o strong_a tower_n and_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n against_o any_o assault_n and_o be_v strengthen_v or_o fence_v with_o double_a ditch_n and_o sharp_a stake_n round_o about_o it_o it_o have_v a_o castle_n well_o provide_v in_o which_o heretofore_o the_o governor_n of_o livonia_n be_v of_o the_o teutonick_n or_o dutch_a order_n keep_v his_o residence_n and_o this_o castle_n though_o gothardus_fw-la ketlerus_n aforesaid_a do_v govern_v in_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n right_a yet_o he_o do_v usurp_v no_o authority_n over_o the_o city_n for_o the_o citizen_n be_v strong_a and_o defender_n of_o their_o liberty_n can_v endure_v to_o have_v any_o governor_n or_o captain_n over_o they_o they_o do_v only_o pay_v tribute_n and_o yield_v obedience_n livonia_n or_o liefland_n livonia_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n in_o other_o thing_n they_o have_v law_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o beside_o here_o be_v a_o market_n of_o all_o northern_a commodity_n as_o of_o pitch_n hemp_n wax_v timber_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o curland_n be_v goldingen_n candaw_n &_o windaw_n which_o the_o polander_n call_v kies_n and_o the_o german_n wenden_n this_o town_n be_v famous_a heretofore_o for_o that_o the_o master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n do_v keep_v his_o court_n here_o &_o parliament_n be_v here_o wont_a to_o be_v hold_v now_o it_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o garrison_n of_o polander_n there_o be_v also_o the_o city_n durbin_n srunden_n grubin_n pilten_n ambâ—tâ—n_n and_o haseâ—â—ot_n the_o city_n of_o semigallia_n be_v mitovia_n common_o call_v mitaw_n where_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n keep_v his_o court_n also_o seleburg_n lake_n â—aâ—â—â—burg_n doblin_n and_o dalem_n the_o river_n duina_n do_v divide_v semiâ—allia_n and_o curland_n from_o lettea_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o livonia_n in_o livonia_n there_o be_v many_o lake_n the_o chief_a be_v beibus_n which_o be_v 45_o mile_n long_o and_o do_v abound_v with_o divers_a kind_n of_o fish_n the_o river_n be_v duina_n winda_n become_v 〈◊〉_d and_o some_o other_o duina_n or_o duna_n which_o ptolemie_n call_v turuntus_n and_o peâ—cerus_n rubo_fw-la run_v out_o of_o russia_n a_o great_a way_n through_o lithuania_n and_o livonia_n at_o length_n eight_o mile_n below_o regia_n pour_v itself_o into_o the_o â—avorick_n bayliff_n and_o the_o balthick_n sea_n winda_n in_o like_a manner_n discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o balthick_n sea_n which_o near_o unto_o the_o mouth_n thereof_o be_v very_o deep_a and_o dangerous_a the_o river_n become_v
three_o palatinate_n be_v the_o minscensian_a wherein_o be_v the_o city_n minsko_fw-mi and_o the_o castle_n â—â—â—lanaw_fw-mi also_o radoscowice_n borissow_n lawisko_n or_o liwsko_n swisloâ—z_n bobreisko_n and_o odruck_v the_o four_o palatinate_n be_v the_o novogrodian_a in_o which_o be_v novogrodeck_n a_o large_a city_n and_o build_v of_o wood_n also_o slonim_n wolkowiâ—z_n and_o many_o other_o town_n the_o five_o palatinate_n be_v the_o briestian_a so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n briesti_n be_v large_a and_o build_v of_o wood_n and_o here_o be_v the_o city_n of_o pinsko_n the_o sixth_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o volhinia_n in_o which_o be_v luezko_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n also_o voladamire_n and_o kerzemenesia_n the_o seven_o palatinate_n be_v kiovia_n in_o which_o there_o be_v heretofore_o a_o large_a and_o ancient_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n seat_v by_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n as_o the_o ruin_n which_o lie_v six_o mile_n in_o length_n do_v easy_o demonstrate_v there_o be_v also_o the_o town_n circasia_n or_o kerkew_n kamova_n and_o moser_n the_o eight_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o miceslow_n near_o to_o the_o river_n sosa_fw-la and_o borysthenes_n in_o the_o border_n of_o moscovie_n wherein_o be_v the_o town_n of_o miceslaw_n dubrowna_n 〈◊〉_d and_o sklow_n beside_o mohilow_n byâ—how_v â—â—czycza_fw-it and_o strissin_n with_o their_o castle_n the_o nine_o palatinate_n be_v the_o witebscian_a in_o which_o be_v the_o city_n witebsk_v situate_v by_o the_o river_n duna_n and_o orsa_n near_o borysthenes_n the_o ten_o palatinate_n be_v the_o polocensian_a which_o be_v so_o call_v from_o poloteska_n a_o city_n lie_v near_o to_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o river_n polota_n and_o duna_n between_o witsbek_n and_o livonia_n there_o be_v also_o the_o town_n disna_n drissa_n and_o drâ—â—â—a_n with_o their_o castle_n these_o thing_n be_v explain_v let_v we_o speak_v something_o of_o the_o river_n of_o lithuania_n on_o the_o east_n side_n lithuania_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o river_n oscol_n râ—â—eâ—s_n ingra_n and_o the_o lesser_a tanais_n all_o which_o with_o many_o other_o do_v run_v into_o great_a tanais_n there_o be_v also_o in_o lithuania_n the_o river_n borysthenes_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o plain_a marish_a ground_n and_o run_v through_o russia_n do_v vent_v itself_o at_o last_o into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n and_o the_o river_n wilia_n and_o niemen_n the_o latter_a whereof_o run_v a_o great_a way_n with_o a_o very_a crooked_a wind_a stream_n and_o at_o last_o disburthen_n itself_o into_o the_o prutenick_n or_o finish_v sea_n also_o duina_n and_o other_o river_n beside_o lake_n and_o stand_v water_n of_o which_o the_o country_n be_v full_a and_o all_o these_o do_v afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n which_o be_v very_o delectable_a &_o pleasant_a in_o taste_n moreover_o the_o country_n be_v cover_v with_o very_o great_a and_o spacious_a wood_n sigismond_n that_o happy_a and_o auspicious_a king_n of_o poland_n wood_n do_v unite_v the_o palatine_n and_o castellan_n of_o the_o province_n of_o lithuania_n into_o one_o body_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n with_o the_o polander_n and_o do_v design_n a_o certain_a place_n and_o order_n in_o the_o senate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n senator_n to_o all_o the_o noble_a man_n bishop_n and_o palatine_n of_o this_o country_n so_o that_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o province_n unite_v unto_o it_o there_o be_v in_o the_o senate_n fifteen_o bishop_n one_o and_o thirty_o palatine_n thirty_o of_o the_o great_a castellan_n or_o governor_n of_o castle_n and_o fifty_o of_o the_o less_o beside_o those_o who_o be_v call_v the_o official_o of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o the_o marshal_n the_o chancellor_n the_o vicechancellor_n and_o the_o treasurer_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o the_o description_n of_o poland_n manner_n marriage_n among_o the_o lithuanian_n be_v easy_o dissolve_v by_o mutual_a consent_n and_o they_o marry_v again_o and_o again_o the_o wife_n have_v open_o men-concubine_n by_o their_o husband_n permission_n who_o they_o call_v connubij_fw-la adjutores_fw-la i_o helper_n in_o marriage_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a for_o man_n to_o follow_v whore_n be_v count_v a_o reproach_n when_o any_o one_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v he_o be_v command_v to_o punish_v himself_o and_o to_o hang_v himself_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v he_o be_v threaten_v and_o beat_v with_o stripe_n until_o he_o kill_v himself_o their_o flock_n do_v afford_v they_o great_a store_n of_o milk_n for_o their_o food_n the_o common_a bread_n which_o they_o use_v be_v very_o black_a food_n be_v make_v of_o rye_n or_o barley_n together_o with_o the_o bran_n but_o the_o rich_a man_n bread_n be_v very_o white_a be_v bake_v and_o make_v of_o pure_a wheat_n they_o seldom_o use_v any_o wine_n for_o the_o common_a people_n drink_v water_n and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o ability_n drink_v ale_n which_o they_o brew_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o corn_n as_o wheat_n rye_n barley_n oates_n and_o millet_n but_o such_o as_o be_v unsavoury_a they_o have_v abundance_n of_o thick_a and_o thin_a mede_n boil_a in_o divers_a manner_n and_o with_o it_o they_o make_v themselves_o merry_a and_o oftentimes_o drink_v lithuania_n seem_v almost_o to_o be_v inaccessible_a as_o be_v almost_o all_o overflow_v with_o water_n but_o in_o winter_n there_o be_v more_o convenient_a traffic_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o way_n be_v make_v passable_a for_o merchant_n the_o lake_n and_o stand_a water_n be_v freeze_v over_o with_o you_o and_o spread_v over_o with_o snow_n their_o chief_a wealth_n be_v the_o skin_n of_o beast_n as_o of_o weesill_n fox_n and_o those_o which_o be_v more_o precious_a as_o martens_n and_o scythian_a weesill_n commodity_n of_o these_o they_o make_v a_o great_a profit_n as_o also_o of_o their_o wax_n honey_n ash_n and_o pitch_n the_o best_a wainscot_n be_v cut_v here_o and_o bring_v into_o germany_n through_o the_o balthick_n and_o german_n sea_n and_o out_o of_o this_o country_n all_o wooden_a architecture_n both_o public_a and_o private_a through_o all_o germany_n and_o the_o low_a country_n be_v make_v as_o also_o for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o wooden_a housholdstuffe_n as_o belong_v to_o house_n but_o enough_o of_o luthuania_n we_o will_v now_o add_v something_o concern_v the_o rest_n there_o follow_v in_o our_o title_n samogitia_n which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v the_o low_a land_n the_o russian_n call_v it_o samotzekasemla_n name_n it_o be_v a_o northern_a country_n and_o very_o large_a be_v next_o to_o lithuania_n and_o environ_v with_o wood_n and_o rivers_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v livonia_n on_o the_o west_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o balthick_n or_o german_a sea_n which_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o balthick_n bay_fw-mi and_o towards_o the_o northwest_o borussia_n join_v unto_o it_o it_o abound_v with_o the_o best_a white_a soil_n and_o pure_a honey_n which_o be_v find_v in_o every_o hollow_a tree_n it_o have_v no_o town_n nor_o castle_n manner_n the_o noble_n live_v in_o lodge_n the_o country_n people_n in_o cottage_n the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n be_v of_o a_o great_a and_o large_a stature_n food_n rude_a in_o behaviour_n living_n spare_o drink_v water_n and_o seldom_o any_o drink_n or_o mede_n they_o know_v not_o until_o of_o late_a the_o use_n of_o gold_n brass_n iron_n or_o wine_n it_o be_v lawful_a with_o they_o for_o one_o man_n to_o have_v many_o wife_n and_o their_o father_n be_v dead_a to_o marry_v their_o stepmother_n or_o the_o brother_n be_v dead_a to_o marry_v his_o wife_n the_o nation_n be_v much_o incline_v to_o fortune_n tell_v and_o southsay_v the_o god_n which_o they_o chief_o adore_v in_o samogitia_n be_v the_o fire_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v holy_a and_o everlasting_a and_o therefore_o on_o the_o top_n of_o some_o high_a mountain_n the_o priest_n do_v continual_o cherish_v and_o keep_v it_o in_o by_o put_v wood_n unto_o it_o in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v russia_n russia_n by_o which_o name_n in_o this_o place_n we_o understand_v the_o southern_a or_o blacke-russia_n who_o chief_a country_n be_v leopolis_n or_o lemburg_n build_v by_o leo_n a_o moscovite_n it_o be_v famous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o mart_n keep_v there_o and_o the_o bishop_n seat_n leopolis_n beside_o the_o country_n of_o leopolis_n there_o be_v three_o other_o in_o this_o russia_n to_o wit_n the_o country_n of_o halycz_n belz_n and_o praemislia_n in_o the_o four_o place_n be_v volhinia_n volhinia_n which_o be_v situate_a between_o lithuania_n podolia_n and_o russia_n soil_n it_o abound_v with_o fruit_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v strong_a and_o warlike_a and_o do_v use_v the_o ruthenian_a language_n this_o country_n do_v pertain_v once_o to_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n but_o now_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o kingdom_n
dominion_n near_o the_o sea_n this_o chersonesus_n have_v hard_a and_o rugged_a mountain_n that_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o do_v divide_v it_o into_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a part_n as_o the_o apennine_a mountain_n do_v divide_v italy_n mahomet_n in_o the_o year_n 1475_o do_v possess_v the_o southern_a part_n and_o make_v it_o tributary_n to_o himself_o but_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n the_o tartar_n wander_v in_o the_o broad_a field_n between_o borysthenes_n and_o tanais_n and_o continual_o change_v their_o place_n of_o feed_v their_o cattle_n government_n possess_v the_o town_n call_v crim_n as_o a_o royal_a seat_n and_o from_o thence_o they_o be_v call_v crim_n tartar_n afterward_o have_v cut_v through_o the_o isthmus_n of_o the_o taurick_n chersonesus_n when_o near_o unto_o the_o ditch_n which_o they_o call_v praecop_n they_o build_v a_o city_n a_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o same_o name_n they_o be_v from_o thence_o call_v praecopense_n the_o king_n of_o these_o tartar_n when_o be_v join_v in_o league_n and_o society_n with_o the_o turk_n he_o have_v at_o their_o request_n banish_v his_o own_o brother_n who_o make_v war_n against_o he_o and_o have_v besiege_v capha_n at_o last_o both_o himself_o and_o his_o two_o young_a son_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n by_o his_o counsellor_n who_o he_o have_v with_o large_a gift_n corrupt_v for_o the_o aforesaid_a purpose_n and_o so_o give_v a_o unhappy_a example_n of_o the_o ottoman_a friendship_n for_o he_o be_v slay_v the_o tartarian_n who_o be_v hitherto_o free_a untamed_a and_o companion_n and_o brethren_n to_o ottoman_n be_v now_o make_v servant_n and_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o other_o turkish_a province_n be_v compel_v to_o receive_v and_o acknowledge_v not_o a_o king_n but_o a_o beglerbeg_n that_o be_v a_o viceroy_n to_o govern_v taurica_fw-la chersonesus_n taurica_n chersonesus_n they_o but_o the_o turkish_a empire_n may_v be_v easy_o know_v by_o the_o description_n of_o wallachia_n greece_n and_o the_o turkish_a empire_n and_o therefore_o for_o brevity_n sake_n we_o refer_v the_o reader_n thither_o beside_o cazan_n and_o astrachan_n which_o be_v kingdom_n belong_v to_o the_o tartarian_n who_o do_v till_o field_n dwell_v in_o house_n town_n and_o at_o this_o day_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o moscovite_n and_o beside_o the_o aforesaid_a praecopense_n there_o be_v other_o field_n tartar_n who_o live_v in_o the_o field_n in_o great_a company_n observe_v no_o limit_n and_o of_o these_o we_o will_v speak_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o table_n of_o asia_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o this_o chersonesus_n be_v the_o metropolis_n capha_n heretofore_o call_v theodosia_n a_o famous_a mart-towne_n be_v the_o ancient_a colony_n of_o the_o genois_n it_o be_v situate_a near_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v a_o fair_a haven_n it_o seem_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o genois_n it_o be_v very_o populous_a but_o when_o the_o turk_n almost_o two_o hundred_o year_n since_o in_o the_o time_n of_o mahomet_n the_o great_a take_v it_o from_o they_o the_o italian_n be_v reduce_v to_o such_o a_o strait_a that_o there_o be_v few_o token_n remain_v of_o their_o be_v there_o for_o the_o city_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n lose_v her_o former_a beauty_n the_o italian_a church_n be_v throw_v down_o the_o house_n decay_v and_o the_o wall_n and_o tower_n on_o which_o the_o genois_n colour_n and_o ensign_n be_v place_v with_o latin_a inscription_n be_v fall_v to_o ruin_n it_o be_v now_o inhabit_v by_o turk_n armenian_n jew_n italian_n and_o a_o few_o grecian_a christian_n it_o be_v famous_a for_o traffic_v as_o be_v the_o chief_a haven_n of_o the_o chersonesus_n and_o have_v a_o infinite_a company_n of_o vine-yard_n orchard_n and_o garden_n beside_o this_o town_n there_o be_v perecopia_n call_v by_o the_o ancient_a greek_n eupatoria_n pompeiopolis_n sacer_n lucus_n dromon_n achilles_n graecida_n heraclium_fw-la or_o heraclia_n also_o cosâ—ovia_n a_o famous_a mart-towne_n and_o iâ—germenum_n have_v a_o stone_n castle_n beneath_o which_o be_v a_o church_n and_o many_o cave_n that_o with_o great_a labour_n and_o pain_n be_v cut_v and_o hew_v out_o of_o a_o rock_n for_o this_o town_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o great_a high_a mountain_n and_o take_v its_o name_n from_o those_o turkish_a cave_n it_o be_v heretofore_o a_o fair_a town_n and_o full_a of_o wealth_n and_o riches_n here_o be_v chersonesus_n corsunum_fw-la or_o cherso_fw-la which_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n of_o taurica_n this_o the_o turk_n call_v saci_n germenum_fw-la as_o it_o be_v the_o yellow_a castle_n for_o this_o country_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o yellow_a soil_n the_o admirable_a and_o wondrous_a mine_n of_o this_o place_n do_v testify_v that_o it_o be_v heretofore_o a_o proud_a rich_a delicate_a and_o famous_a colony_n of_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a city_n of_o the_o whole_a peninsula_n be_v much_o frequent_v magnificent_a and_o have_v a_o fair_a haven_n here_o be_v the_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o jamboli_n or_o balachium_n taphra_n mancopia_n or_o mangutum_fw-la as_o the_o turk_n call_v it_o and_o the_o town_n of_o cercum_fw-la with_o a_o castle_n here_o be_v the_o city_n and_o castle_n of_o cremum_fw-la which_o the_o tartar_n call_v crim_n have_v a_o ancient_a wall_n very_o strong_a &_o high_a and_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o largeness_n it_o be_v far_o unlike_o the_o other_o city_n of_o the_o taurick_n chersonesus_n and_o in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o city_n tanas_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n tanais_n the_o russian_n call_v it_o azac_n it_o be_v a_o famous_a mart-towne_n unto_o which_o merchant_n do_v come_v out_o of_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o that_o every_o one_o have_v here_o free_a access_n and_o free_a power_n to_o buy_v or_o sell_v there_o be_v many_o great_a river_n in_o this_o country_n run_v down_o out_o of_o the_o mountain_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v borysthenes_n common_o call_v nieper_n a_o deep_a and_o swift_a river_n which_o run_v from_o the_o north_n into_o the_o river_n carcinites_n or_o hypaciris_n now_o call_v desna_n river_n and_o so_o into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n near_o the_o town_n oczacow_n also_o don_n or_o tanais_n ariel_n samar_n that_o run_v into_o don_n with_o many_o other_o the_o voâ—perâ—_n cimmerian_a bosphorus_n to_o which_o this_o chersonesus_n as_o we_o say_v before_o be_v extend_v it_o be_v a_o narrow_a sea_n two_o mile_n broad_a which_o divide_v europe_n from_o asia_n and_o by_o which_o the_o maeoticke_a lake_n do_v â—low_v into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n it_o be_v call_v from_o the_o cimmerian_n who_o dwell_n upon_o the_o cold_a part_n thereof_o or_o from_o the_o town_n cimmerium_n as_o volaterranus_n will_v have_v it_o the_o seâ—_n maeotick_a lake_n be_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o phasis_n common_o call_v fasso_fw-la and_o by_o the_o scythian_n phaz_v receive_v tanais_n into_o it_o the_o scythian_n call_v it_o temerenda_n that_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o dionysius_n witness_v because_o much_o water_n flow_v from_o thence_o through_o the_o cimmerian_a bosphorus_n into_o it_o as_o also_o much_o from_o other_o place_n which_o do_v so_o replenish_v and_o fill_v the_o lake_n that_o the_o bank_n thereof_o can_v hardly_o contain_v it_o this_o lake_n in_o regard_n it_o receive_v many_o river_n abound_v with_o fish_n there_o be_v also_o the_o senator_n euxine_a sea_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o who_o water_n be_v sweet_a and_o the_o nether_a part_n salt_n this_o be_v heretofore_o call_v the_o axine_a and_o according_a to_o sophocles_n the_o apoxine_a sea_n because_o no_o ship_n can_v arrive_v here_o or_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o barbarous_a scythian_a borderer_n who_o kill_v stranger_n they_o afterward_o call_v the_o euxine_a by_o the_o figure_n which_o they_o call_v euphemismus_n but_o they_o call_v it_o pontus_n as_o if_o it_o be_v another_o ocean_n for_o they_o suppose_v that_o those_o who_o sail_v on_o it_o do_v perform_v some_o great_a and_o memorable_a act_n and_o therefore_o say_v strabo_n they_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pontus_n as_o they_o call_v homer_n the_o poet._n there_o be_v many_o rugged_a and_o steep_a mountain_n in_o this_o chersonesus_n especial_o those_o which_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n thereof_o the_o great_a and_o high_a of_o they_o have_v a_o great_a lake_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o but_o so_o much_o hitherto_o concern_v these_o thing_n now_o let_v we_o proceed_v to_o other_o matter_n justice_n be_v administer_v among_o the_o tartarian_n by_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o the_o chan_n and_o the_o other_o sultanes_n they_o have_v their_o priest_n their_o judge_n in_o their_o town_n and_o their_o begi_n or_o praefect_n who_o do_v hear_v and_o decide_v private_a injury_n but_o the_o chan_n himself_o with_o his_o
the_o west_n even_o to_o the_o celtic_a promontory_n divide_v spain_n into_o that_o part_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o hither_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o that_o which_o be_v on_o the_o further_a side_n thrust_v forth_o a_o mountain_n near_o the_o fountain_n of_o iberus_n towards_o the_o south_n through_o the_o breadth_n of_o spain_n strabo_n and_o ptolemie_n do_v name_n it_o idubeda_n but_o it_o be_v common_o call_v saltus_n aucencis_n and_o monte_fw-fr d'_fw-fr oca_n from_o the_o ancient_a city_n auca_n some_o ruin_n whereof_o may_v be_v discern_v at_o villa_n franca_n beyond_o burgos_n also_o there_o be_v the_o mountain_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o idubeda_n call_v by_o strabo_n orospeda_n &_o by_o ptolemie_n otrospeda_n yet_o have_v it_o not_o one_o certain_a name_n for_o all_o the_o whole_a mountain_n for_o whereas_o alvarius_fw-la gomecius_fw-la call_v it_o sierra_n vermigia_n florianus_n sierra_n mollina_fw-la and_o clusius_n sierra_n morena_n these_o name_n be_v but_o name_n to_o part_v of_o it_o calpe_n be_v reckon_v with_o orospeda_n for_o so_o this_o mountain_n be_v call_v by_o ptolemie_n and_o other_o it_o be_v near_o to_o the_o bay_n of_o hercules_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o bay_n of_o gibraltar_n part_v of_o orospeda_n be_v high_a and_o â—ockie_a and_o reach_v from_o the_o city_n of_o hispalis_n to_o granada_n it_o do_v lift_v up_o itself_o near_o archidona_n it_o have_v its_o name_n and_o deserve_v still_o to_o be_v famous_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o memorable_a example_n of_o love_n which_o be_v show_v thereon_o for_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o la_fw-fr penna_fw-la de_fw-fr les_fw-fr enamorade_n or_o the_o lover_n mountain_n paulinus_n call_v it_o bimaris_fw-la because_o it_o look_v on_o two_o sea_n the_o inward_a and_o the_o outward_a strabo_n say_v that_o the_o mountain_n calpe_n be_v not_o very_o large_a in_o compass_n but_o that_o it_o be_v so_o high_a that_o to_o those_o who_o be_v far_o off_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o island_n some_o do_v fabulous_o suspose_v it_o to_o be_v one_o of_o hercules_n pillar_n and_o abela_n over_o against_o it_o in_o africa_n to_o be_v the_o other_o both_o be_v the_o bound_n of_o hercules_n labour_n they_o say_v that_o it_o be_v heretofore_o one_o mountain_n and_o that_o hercules_n dig_v it_o through_o and_o so_o alter_v the_o shape_n of_o it_o out_o of_o alcarassum_n do_v arise_v the_o mountain_n call_v by_o pliny_n montes_n mariani_n by_o ptolemie_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n marianus_n and_o by_o antoninus_n mons_fw-la mariorum_n they_o be_v now_o call_v sierra_n morena_n the_o noble_a river_n baetis_n do_v water_v the_o bottom_n of_o their_o mountain_n on_o the_o left_a side_n near_o to_o barcinon_n or_o barcilona_n there_o be_v a_o mountain_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v mon-iui_a some_o do_v translate_v it_o jupiters_n mountain_n and_o some_o do_v better_o render_v it_o the_o jew_n mountain_n for_o that_o they_o be_v heretofore_o bury_v in_o this_o place_n where_o many_o of_o their_o grave_n and_o sepulcher_n do_v yet_o remain_v on_o the_o top_n thereof_o there_o be_v a_o town_n from_o whence_o a_o watchman_n by_o set_v up_o a_o linen_n flag_n in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o a_o fire_n in_o the_o night_n do_v give_v notice_n to_o the_o city_n barcinon_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o any_o ship_n spain_n be_v every_o where_o full_a of_o wood_n and_o tree_n bear_v singular_a and_o excellent_a kind_n of_o fruit_n which_o it_o will_v be_v too_o long_o to_o recite_v in_o particular_a there_o be_v a_o wood_n near_o unto_o the_o town_n call_v monte_fw-la majore_fw-la in_o which_o nature_n alone_o have_v plant_v oakes_n chestnut-tree_n nut_n filberd_n cherry_n prune_n pear_n fig_n wild_a vine_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n very_o high_a and_o fair_o spread_v not_o far_o from_o the_o town_n beiar_a or_o bigerra_n be_v a_o most_o pleasant_a wood_n where_o lucius_n marinaeus_n siculus_n write_v work_n that_o he_o have_v measure_v chestnut-tree_n which_o have_v be_v forty_o foot_n about_o it_o have_v many_o wood_n also_o to_o fell_a and_o cut_v which_o do_v afford_v the_o spaniard_n wood_n enough_o for_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n what_o shall_v i_o speak_v of_o the_o public_a or_o private_a work_n in_o this_o kingdom_n here_o be_v many_o magnificent_a temple_n many_o abbey_n friaries_n monastery_n hospital_n for_o stranger_n and_o for_o the_o sick_a here_o be_v many_o famous_a king_n palace_n many_o magnificent_a and_o fair_a house_n belong_v to_o nobleman_n and_o knight_n and_o innumerable_a other_o public_a and_o private_a edifice_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v bear_v not_o choose_v or_o elect_v to_o the_o crown_n yet_o be_v he_o inaugurate_v and_o swear_v to_o defend_v this_o people_n and_o their_o privilege_n when_o he_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n of_o they_o the_o king_n child_n be_v call_v infantae_n among_o who_o the_o elder_a son_n who_o in_o his_o father_n life_n be_v declare_v king_n by_o the_o consent_n and_o oath_n of_o the_o noble_n the_o citizen_n and_o people_n be_v call_v prince_n of_o spain_n although_o the_o king_n have_v supreme_a power_n over_o all_o person_n and_o over_o all_o cause_n yet_o he_o seldom_o decree_v any_o thing_n but_o with_o the_o consent_n government_n and_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o twelve_o man_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n do_v make_v a_o royal_a senate_n by_o they_o matter_n of_o moment_n be_v discuss_v and_o determine_v but_o matter_n of_o more_o secrecy_n be_v consult_v of_o by_o a_o privy_a counsel_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o king_n number_n the_o dictator_n of_o leon_n the_o precedent_n and_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o king_n counsel_n those_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o indies_n and_o their_o government_n be_v handle_v in_o the_o senate_n which_o they_o call_v the_o indian_a senate_n by_o one_o precedent_n and_o twelve_o counsellor_n matter_n of_o war_n be_v handle_v in_o the_o military_a and_o warlike_a senate_n which_o the_o 12_o royal_a senator_n the_o dictator_n of_o leon_n and_o castille_n with_o other_o do_v make_v up_o beside_o these_o inquisition_n there_o be_v also_o in_o spain_n three_o prefectureship_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n which_o they_o call_v place_n of_o hear_v or_o chancery_n one_o be_v in_o castille_n the_o other_o in_o granada_n and_o the_o three_o in_o gallicia_n every_o one_o have_v a_o precedent_n and_o 12_o senator_n and_o if_o that_o suitor_n receive_v no_o satisfaction_n or_o redress_n of_o their_o greevance_n from_o they_o their_o cause_n be_v bring_v before_o the_o royal_a senate_n last_o there_o be_v the_o treasurer_n of_o castille_n have_v four_o questor_n under_o he_o who_o office_n be_v to_o receive_v the_o king_n treasure_n and_o to_o take_v and_o give_v account_n thereof_o there_o be_v a_o great_a company_n of_o duke_n marquess_n and_o earl_n in_o spain_n beside_o the_o prince_n of_o asturia_n and_o other_o i_o find_v that_o there_o be_v about_o 23_o duke_n as_o the_o friensian_a duke_n the_o duke_n of_o medina-rivi-sicci_a of_o alva_n of_o alcala_n of_o albuquerqua_n of_o scalona_n of_o osuna_n of_o averi_n of_o bejar_n of_o gandia_n of_o sessa_o of_o infantasg_n of_o medina_n caeli_fw-la of_o medina_n sidonia_n of_o maqueda_n of_o najar_n of_o feria_n of_o segorbia_n of_o sonna_n of_o villa-formosa_a of_o verragua_n pastrana_n and_o francavilla_n and_o these_o have_v for_o their_o yearly_a revenue_n some_o forty_o some_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n do_v the_o duke_n of_o infantasg_n and_o medina-sidonia_n have_v a_o far_o great_a revenue_n for_o the_o latter_a have_v 130000_o and_o the_o former_a 120000_o ducat_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la these_o be_v the_o marquess_n the_o marquesse_n of_o villa_n nova_n of_o astorga_n of_o aquilar_n of_o denia_n of_o mondejar_n of_o navares_n of_o savia_n of_o velleza_fw-mi of_o comares_fw-la of_o aiomonte_n of_o altamir_n of_o veladra_n of_o vearina_n of_o carpio_n of_o camarassa_n of_o cortes_n of_o monte-majore_a of_o guardia_n of_o monte-clare_n of_o las_n navas_n of_o poza_fw-it of_o steppa_n of_o tanara_n of_o villa-franca_n of_o drada_n of_o cavietis_fw-la of_o falcis_fw-la of_o fomesta_fw-la of_o molina_n of_o ciralva_n of_o valesis_n of_o vallis_n of_o zaara_n of_o ardalis_n of_o tarifa_n of_o alcanisa_n and_o marqueâ—â—â—â—s_n other_o the_o great_a part_n have_v annual_a revenue_n from_o ten_o thousand_o to_o 40000_o ducat_n there_o be_v also_o about_o a_o hundred_o earl_n who_o yearly_a revenue_n be_v from_o ten_o thousand_o to_o 25_o thousand_o ducat_n the_o chief_a of_o they_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o benaventum_n of_o albua_n miranda_n and_o oropoza_fw-it it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o reckon_v up_o the_o viscount_n which_o be_v ten_o in_o number_n the_o baron_n the_o long_a roll_n and_o catalogue_n of_o vice_n roys_n governor_n prefect_n of_o province_n and_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o last_o the_o
portugal_n this_o kingdom_n of_o algarbia_n which_o be_v the_o least_o and_o unnoted'_a kingdom_n of_o all_o spain_n there_o be_v carry_v hither_o out_o of_o divers_a part_n of_o spain_n down_o the_o river_n anas_n all_o sort_n of_o wine_n sack_n bastard_n roman_a wine_n and_o other_o of_o the_o like_a sort_n which_o be_v ship_v be_v transport_v into_o france_n the_o low-countries_n and_o other_o part_n it_o have_v in_o it_o the_o town_n of_o balsa_n so_o call_v by_o ptolemie_n pliny_n antoninus_n and_o pomponius_n mela_n towneâ—_n but_o now_o tavila_n as_o coquus_fw-la suppose_v and_o ossonoba_n so_o call_v by_o pliny_n &_o antoninus_n it_o be_v call_v also_o by_o pliny_n lusturia_n by_o ptolemy_n ossonaba_n by_o pinetus_n gibraleon_n by_o clusius_n exuba_n by_o varrerius_n estombar_n as_o also_o by_o moralis_n and_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o same_o which_o be_v now_o call_v silvis_n or_o self_n there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o place_n near_o the_o holy_a promontory_n the_o city_n which_o pomponius_n call_v lacobriga_n the_o ruin_n whereof_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v near_o the_o sea-towne_n lagos_n at_o a_o village_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o portugal_n language_n lagoa_n as_o vasaeus_n write_v algarbia_n at_o the_o first_o be_v give_v in_o dowry_n by_o alphonsus_n the_o 10_o king_n of_o legio_n or_o leon_n as_o ancient_a annal_n do_v report_v unto_o alphonsus_n the_o three_o king_n of_o portugal_n government_n when_o he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n beatrice_n which_o he_o beget_v on_o a_o whore_n dionysius_n be_v derive_v from_o this_o marriage_n who_o first_o of_o all_o begin_v to_o usurp_v the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o algarbia_n but_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v concern_v portugal_n &_o algarbia_n i_o pass_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n gallicia_n leon_n and_o asturia_n de_fw-fr oviedo_n gallicia_n which_o be_v also_o write_v galecia_n or_o gallaecia_n and_o take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o ancient_a people_n call_v callaâ—â—i_n have_v on_o the_o north_n and_o west_n the_o ocean_n on_o the_o south_n portugal_n with_o the_o river_n durius_n flow_v between_o they_o and_o on_o the_o east_n asturia_n this_o country_n in_o regard_n it_o have_v many_o rugged_a mountain_n situation_n and_o want_v water_n be_v but_o thin_o inhabit_v it_o abound_v so_o with_o horse_n that_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v beget_v by_o the_o wind_n pliny_n note_v that_o here_o be_v rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n niger_n write_v that_o the_o river_n hereof_o do_v bring_v down_o earth_n mingle_v with_o gold_n silver_z and_o tin_n and_o that_o the_o soil_n itself_o be_v full_a of_o gold_n brass_n and_o lead_n so_o that_o golden_a clod_n be_v oftentimes_o plough_v up_o the_o mountain_n afford_v great_a store_n of_o wood_n for_o build_v of_o ship_n gallicia_n do_v exceed_o abound_v with_o fish_n soil_n especial_o with_o salmon_n conger_n a_o kind_n of_o fish_n which_o they_o call_v pescades_n and_o many_o other_o dainty_a fish_n which_o be_v salt_v be_v carry_v into_o divers_a part_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o month_n of_o november_n and_o december_n a_o great_a number_n of_o those_o fish_n be_v take_v which_o they_o common_o call_v vesugos_n be_v two_o or_o three_o pound_n weight_n they_o be_v carry_v fresh_a and_o sweet_a into_o castille_n and_o be_v sell_v there_o for_o the_o cold_a do_v easy_o preserve_v they_o they_o have_v a_o excellent_a taste_n yet_o those_o be_v best_a taste_v which_o be_v take_v in_o the_o ocean_n and_o not_o in_o the_o meditterranean_a sea_n for_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o ocean_n do_v fatten_v the_o fish_n and_o therefore_o those_o which_o be_v take_v most_o northward_o be_v the_o best_a the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v live_v in_o mountain_n on_o which_o they_o build_v convenient_a house_n concern_v the_o name_n and_o original_n of_o the_o callaician_n let_v the_o reader_n have_v recourse_n to_o johannes_n bishop_n of_o gerunda_n lib._n 2_o paralipomenorum_n hispaniae_n roderieus_n toletanus_n lib._n 10._o de_fw-la rebus_fw-la hispanicis_n cap._n 4._o and_o other_o the_o metropolis_n of_o gallicia_n be_v compostella_n where_o be_v worship_v s._n james_n the_o apostle_n who_o together_o with_o the_o university_n make_v the_o city_n famous_a give_v unto_o it_o the_o name_n of_o s._n jago_n it_o be_v heretofore_o call_v briantia_fw-la as_o franciscus_n â—arapha_fw-la ambrose_n moralis_n city_n and_o villanovanus_n do_v think_v orosius_n call_v it_o brigantia_n who_o say_v that_o there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o very_a high_a watch-towre_n ptolemie_n call_v it_o flavium_n brigantum_n beuterus_n câ—qâ—us_n and_o johannes_n mariana_n do_v call_v it_o betancos_fw-la florianus_n and_o gomectus_n call_v it_o coruna_n and_o johannes_n bishop_n of_o gerunda_n lib._n 1._o call_v it_o compostella_n say_v it_o be_v so_o call_v quasi_fw-la compos_fw-la stella_fw-la for_o so_o the_o evening_n star_n be_v call_v which_o make_v these_o country_n wholesome_a there_o be_v extant_a at_o salamantica_n in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o college_n of_o our_o saviour_n the_o history_n of_o compostella_n the_o growth_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o church_n of_o compostella_n describe_v in_o two_o volume_n write_v by_o the_o command_n of_o didacus_n the_o first_o archbishop_n thereof_o concern_v which_o you_o may_v also_o read_v lucius_n marineus_n siculus_n in_o his_o five_o book_n and_o in_o gallicia_n legio_n gallicia_n chapter_n concern_v religious_a house_n in_o spain_n and_o the_o wonderful_a miracle_n do_v therein_o the_o lesser_a town_n be_v orensium_n a_o city_n near_o the_o river_n minius_n and_o call_v by_o ptolemie_n thermae_n calidae_n as_o gomecius_fw-la think_v in_o the_o life_n of_o franciscus_n zimenius_n where_o he_o add_v that_o the_o swedish_n people_n of_o germany_n who_o heretofore_o do_v subdue_v these_o part_n in_o their_o native_a language_n do_v call_v it_o warense_n though_o ortelius_n say_v it_o shall_v rather_o be_v write_v warmsee_n which_o signify_v the_o warm_a lake_n also_o a_o town_n call_v in_o latin_a lucus_n and_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n lugo_n pomponius_n call_v it_o turris_n augusti_n pliny_n aresti_n and_o arae_n sextianae_n and_o ptolemie_n promontonum_n arae_n sestii_n near_o to_o the_o cantabricke_n ocean_n in_o artabria_n also_o pons_n vetus_fw-la ponte_n vedra_n and_o ribalaeum_n common_o call_v ribadeo_n other_o town_n marinaeus_n siculus_n mention_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o three_o book_n gallicia_n get_v the_o title_n of_o a_o kingdom_n a_o thousand_o and_o sixty_o year_n after_o christ_n for_o that_o year_n ferdinand_n the_o son_n of_o sanctius_n major_n king_n of_o navarre_n be_v king_n of_o castille_n when_o he_o have_v marry_v sanctia_n the_o daughter_n of_o alphonsus_n the_o five_o and_o so_o unite_v the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n and_o legio_n have_v three_o son_n he_o make_v by_o his_o will_n sanctius_n king_n of_o castille_n alphonsus_n king_n of_o legion_n and_o asturia_n and_o garcia_n king_n of_o gallicia_n which_o he_o enjoy_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n be_v till_o then_o but_o a_o earldom_n and_o portugal_n sanctius_n be_v not_o content_a with_o this_o division_n which_o his_o father_n make_v thrust_v his_o brother_n alphonsus_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o slay_v garcia_n his_o other_o brother_n now_o when_o sanctius_n have_v rule_v about_o six_o year_n and_o be_v at_o last_o behead_v by_o vellidus_n through_o treachery_n alphonsus_n who_o live_v as_o a_o banish_a man_n with_o the_o king_n of_o the_o moor_n at_o toledo_n do_v not_o only_o recover_v the_o kingdom_n of_o legio_n which_o his_o father_n give_v he_o by_o will_n but_o also_o get_v the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n gallicia_n and_o portugal_n alphonsus_n have_v three_o child_n lawful_o beget_v on_o three_o wife_n by_o isabella_n queen_n of_o france_n he_o have_v sanctia_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o earl_n roderick_n who_o bring_v new_a colony_n into_o the_o city_n which_o be_v common_o call_v ciudad-rodrigo_n by_o zaida_n a_o moor_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sevill_n he_o have_v sanctius_n who_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o saracen_n and_o last_o by_o constantia_n he_o have_v vrraca_n who_o out_o live_v sanctius_n and_o sanctia_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n after_o she_o have_v be_v wife_n to_o raimundus_n berengarius_fw-la earl_n of_o tolosa_n marry_v alphonsus_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o have_v a_o heir_n by_o he_o who_o be_v afterward_o alphonsus_n the_o seven_o the_o most_o powerful_a king_n of_o all_o his_o predecessor_n and_o one_o that_o deserve_v to_o be_v call_v emperor_n of_o spain_n from_o that_o time_n gallicia_n castille_n and_o legio_n have_v always_o but_o one_o king_n near_a to_o legio_n situation_n &_o bound_v thereon_o on_o the_o north_n be_v asturia_n on_o the_o west_n gallicia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n and_o east_n old_a castille_n it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o seven_o german_a legion_n which_o be_v seat_v
and_o place_v here_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o emperor_n nerva_n as_o some_o suppose_n the_o metropolis_n hereof_o be_v that_o famous_a city_n which_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o country_n and_o be_v call_v by_o ptolemie_n legio_n septima_fw-la germanica_n antoninus_n call_v it_o legio_n gemina_n but_o it_o be_v now_o common_o call_v leon_n which_o name_n i_o can_v see_v why_o franciscus_n tarapha_n shall_v rather_o derive_v from_o leonigildus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o goth_n than_o from_o the_o legion_n itself_o moralis_n do_v deliver_v also_o that_o it_o be_v heretofore_o call_v sublantia_n and_o write_v that_o some_o evidence_n of_o that_o name_n be_v extant_a in_o a_o place_n but_o a_o little_a distant_a from_o legio_n call_v sollanco_n l._n marinaeus_n siculus_n write_v thus_o concern_v the_o church_n of_o legio_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o spain_n although_o the_o church_n which_o the_o city_n of_o hispalis_n have_v build_v in_o our_o age_n do_v exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n for_o greatness_n although_o the_o church_n of_o toledo_n surpass_v the_o rest_n for_o treasure_n ornament_n and_o glass_n window_n and_o the_o church_n of_o compostella_n for_o strong_a building_n for_o the_o miracle_n of_o saint_n james_n &_o other_o thing_n yet_o the_o church_n of_o legio_n in_o my_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o they_o all_o for_o admirable_a structure_n and_o building_n which_o have_v a_o chapel_n join_v to_o it_o in_o which_o lie_v bury_v seven_o and_o thirty_o king_n and_o one_o emperor_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v worthy_a of_o memory_n that_o this_o city_n be_v the_o first_o from_o which_o about_o the_o year_n 716._o the_o recovery_n of_o spain_n which_o former_o the_o moores_n and_o saracen_n almost_o whole_o possess_v be_v begin_v for_o as_o also_o rodericus_fw-la toletanus_n in_o his_o sixth_o book_n of_o spanish_a matter_n for_o many_o chapter_n together_o and_o roderick_n sanctius_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o spanish_a history_n cap._n 11._o do_v relate_v pelagius_n the_o son_n of_o fafila_n duke_n of_o cantabria_n and_o descend_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v make_v king_n by_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o christian_n who_o flee_v into_o the_o mountain_n make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o the_o moor_n and_o be_v scarce_o enter_v into_o his_o kingdom_n take_v legio_n from_o the_o enemy_n this_o man_n afterward_o make_v it_o the_o seat_n of_o his_o principality_n build_v a_o new_a castle_n there_o as_o a_o fort_n and_o defence_n against_o the_o violence_n of_o their_o incursion_n asturia_n and_o lay_v aside_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n give_v the_o lion_n rampant_a gules_a in_o a_o field_n argent_fw-fr which_o the_o king_n of_o legio_n do_v use_n at_o this_o day_n fafila_n the_o son_n of_o pelagius_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o he_o die_v issueless_a there_o succeed_v he_o alphonsus_n catholicus_n the_o son_n of_o peter_n duke_n of_o cantabria_n be_v descend_v from_o the_o stock_n of_o ricaredus_n catholic_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n who_o marry_v ormisenda_n the_o only_a sister_n and_o heir_n of_o fafila_n the_o government_n of_o legion_n remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o alphonsus_n his_o family_n even_o to_o veremundus_n the_o 24_o king_n of_o legio_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1020._o without_o a_o successor_n his_o sister_n sanctia_n marry_v ferdinando_n of_o navarre_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o bring_v the_o kingdom_n of_o legio_n to_o be_v join_v and_o unite_v to_o his_o kingdom_n asturia_n have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o ocean_n on_o the_o east_n biscay_n on_o the_o south_n old_a castille_n and_o on_o the_o west_n gallicia_n it_o produce_v and_o bring_v forth_o gold_n &_o divers_a sort_n of_o colour_n otherwise_o it_o be_v but_o little_o till_v and_o thin_o inhabit_v except_o it_o be_v in_o those_o place_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o sea_n here_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a astures_n who_o be_v so_o call_v as_o isidore_n write_v lib._n 9_o etymolog_fw-la cap._n 2._o from_o the_o river_n asturia_n whereof_o florus_n make_v mention_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o roman_a history_n and_o other_o from_o who_o ptolemie_n call_v the_o country_n itself_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o latin_n asturia_n as_o also_o astyria_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o what_o i_o have_v read_v in_o ancient_a marble_n at_o rome_n in_o the_o pavement_n of_o the_o chapel_n which_o be_v in_o the_o temple_n of_o saint_n gregory_n in_o the_o mountain_n caelius_n there_o be_v a_o break_a marble-table_n engrave_v with_o these_o word_n acontit_fw-fr l._n ranio_n optato_fw-la v._o c._n cos_n curatori_fw-la reip._n mediolanensium_fw-la curate_n reip._n nolanorum_fw-la procos_fw-la provincia_n narbonensium_fw-la legato_n aug._n et_fw-la juridico_fw-la astyriae_n et._n galaecia_n curatori_fw-la viae_fw-la salariae_fw-la etc._n etc._n moreover_o i_o see_v it_o call_v asturica_n in_o a_o marble-table_n which_o be_v at_o rome_n beyond_o tiber_n in_o a_o private_a roman-citizen_n house_n i_o will_v set_v down_o the_o word_n in_o the_o description_n of_o italy_n where_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o alps_n join_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o it_o be_v call_v at_o this_o day_n asturias_n pliny_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 3._o do_v divide_v the_o astures_n into_o the_o augustini_fw-la and_o transmontani_n the_o one_o be_v on_o the_o hither_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o the_o other_o beyond_o the_o mountain_n northward_o near_o the_o ocean_n concern_v the_o astures_n silius_n the_o italian_a poet_n write_v thus_o lib._n 1._o astur_n avarus_fw-la visceribus_fw-la lacerae_fw-la telluris_fw-la mergitur_fw-la imis_fw-la et_fw-la redit_fw-la infelix_fw-la effosso_fw-la concolor_fw-la auro_fw-la the_o covetous_a asturian_n will_v go_v into_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n below_o whence_o he_o return_v in_o colour_n like_o gold_n oare_n which_o he_o unhappy_o dig_v up_o before_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n be_v brâ—gentium_n oviedo_n of_o which_o rodericus_fw-la toletanus_n write_v much_o lib._n 4._o de_fw-la rebus_fw-la hisp_n cap._n 14._o where_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o give_v the_o reason_n wherefore_o it_o be_v call_v the_o bishop_n city_n here_o be_v also_o astorga_n call_v ancient_o asturica_n augusta_n and_o some_o other_o small_a town_n biscay_n gvipuscoa_n navarre_n and_o asturia_n de_fw-fr santillana_n biscay_n as_o johannes_n bishop_n of_o gerunda_n affirm_v take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o bastuli_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o baetica_n call_v for_o they_o come_v from_o lybia_n into_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v call_v baetica_n and_o be_v beat_v and_o expulse_v thence_o by_o the_o moor_n they_o flee_v into_o the_o mountain_n of_o galaecia_n and_o so_o build_v themselves_o house_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v call_v from_o that_o time_n bastulia_n which_o be_v now_o call_v biscay_n some_o do_v call_v biscay_n viscaia_n which_o word_n have_v some_o affinity_n with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o vascones_n biscay_n be_v a_o country_n of_o spain_n lie_v near_o the_o ocean_n and_o very_o full_a of_o hill_n out_o of_o which_o arise_v 150_o river_n situation_n it_o have_v a_o more_o temperate_a climate_n than_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n for_o be_v environ_v with_o great_a mountain_n it_o be_v not_o trouble_v with_o too_o much_o cold_a nor_o burn_v with_o too_o much_o heat_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o tree_n fit_a for_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n which_o not_o only_o spain_n do_v acknowledge_v air_n but_o other_o country_n whither_o whole_a ship-loades_a be_v often_o transport_v soil_n here_o be_v abundance_n of_o chessenut_n hasel-nut_n orange_n raizin_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o metal_n especial_o iron_n and_o black-lead_a beside_o other_o commodity_n where_o they_o want_v wine_n they_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o drink_n make_v of_o press_a apple_n which_o have_v a_o excellent_a taste_n here_o be_v also_o store_n of_o beast_n creature_n fish_n foul_a and_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v convenient_a and_o necessary_a for_o the_o sustain_n of_o man_n life_n the_o cantabria_n cantabrian_o do_v heretofore_o inhabit_v that_o country_n which_o we_o now_o call_v biscay_n but_o it_o be_v large_a than_o biscay_n be_v now_o and_o contain_v guipuscoa_n and_o navarre_n these_o cantabrian_o be_v a_o famous_a people_n and_o much_o celebrate_v by_o many_o writer_n they_o think_v that_o be_v no_o life_n which_o be_v without_o war_n and_o when_o all_o the_o people_n of_o spain_n be_v subject_v and_o reduce_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o rome_n they_o alone_o with_o the_o asturian_o and_o some_o other_o who_o join_v with_o they_o government_n can_v not_o be_v overcome_v until_o at_o last_o c._n caesar_n octavianus_n augustus_n do_v subdue_v this_o stout_a nation_n be_v break_v &_o weary_v by_o a_o war_n of_o almost_o five_o year_n continuance_n he_o himself_o go_v against_o they_o and_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v not_o
himself_n may_v study_v there_o the_o city_n of_o valentia_n in_o regard_n of_o its_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v excel_v all_o the_o city_n in_o spain_n the_o country_n wherein_o this_o city_n be_v seat_v be_v inhabit_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o a_o nation_n which_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o moor_n and_o therefore_o they_o do_v yet_o retain_v their_o ancestor_n speech_n and_o manner_n of_o life_n that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v which_o m._n tully_n do_v speak_v in_o his_o last_o oration_n against_o verres_n in_o the_o praise_n of_o valentia_n valentinorum_fw-la say_v he_o hominum_fw-la honestissimorum_fw-la testimonio_fw-la that_o be_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o valentian_o who_o be_v most_o honest_a man_n trade_n much_o silk_n be_v make_v in_o this_o kingdom_n valentia_n as_o olivarius_n valentinus_n write_v have_v great_a store_n of_o traffic_n and_o trade_n for_o divers_a sort_n of_o ware_n be_v export_v from_o thence_o as_o silke-thread_n of_o all_o colour_n and_o raw_a silk_n as_o it_o come_v from_o the_o silkworm_n the_o best_a cloth_n also_o be_v carry_v from_o thence_o into_o the_o isle_n call_v baleares_n traffic_n and_o into_o sicily_n and_o sardinia_n beside_o there_o be_v export_v from_o thence_o rice_n wheat_n sugar_n raizins_n fig_n and_o preserve_v fruit_n into_o many_o country_n in_o europe_n arragon_n and_o catalonia_n arragon_n take_v its_o name_n either_o from_o the_o autrigonians_n a_o people_n of_o spain_n as_o laurentius_n valla_n witness_v call_v or_o from_o tarracone_n a_o ancient_a city_n as_o it_o please_v antonius_n nebrissensis_n and_o vasaeus_n some_o suppose_v it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n arragon_n which_o rise_v there_o do_v flow_v into_o iberus_n some_o do_v derive_v it_o from_o the_o the_o altar_n of_o hercules_n call_v in_o latin_a ara_n and_o his_o sport_n call_v agonalia_fw-la which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v a_o wonder_n that_o ancient_a writer_n be_v so_o silent_a concern_v arragon_n situation_n navarre_n cleave_v to_o this_o kingdom_n on_o the_o northwest_o calatrava_n towards_o the_o southeast_n on_o the_o south-west_n it_o look_v towards_o castille_n and_o on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n rugged_a &_o dry_a towards_o the_o pyraenean_a hill_n soil_n so_o that_o you_o shall_v not_o meet_v with_o a_o house_n for_o many_o day_n journey_n yet_o here_o be_v some_o fruitful_a valley_n abound_v with_o the_o best_a corn_n and_o other_o fruit_n and_o it_o be_v refresh_v with_o sweet_a river_n all_o writer_n do_v report_n that_o ranimirus_n be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o this_o kingdom_n city_n he_o be_v make_v king_n of_o arragon_n in_o the_o year_n 1016._o but_o concern_v the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n as_o also_o valentia_n and_o catalonia_n how_o and_o from_o who_o they_o have_v their_o beginning_n and_o of_o their_o union_n you_o may_v read_v rodericus_fw-la sanctius_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o spanish_a history_n cap._n 13._o government_n also_o lucius_n marinaeus_n siculus_n de_fw-fr regibus_fw-la hispaniae_fw-la lib._n 8._o and_o other_o the_o metropolis_n and_o head_n city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n pliny_n and_o other_o do_v call_v caesar-augusta_n ptolemy_n caesarea-augusta_n it_o be_v now_o call_v sarragosa_n and_o be_v a_o famous_a university_n they_o report_v that_o the_o builder_n thereof_o be_v juba_n king_n of_o mauritania_n who_o call_v it_o saldyba_n that_o be_v the_o house_n of_o juba_n but_o afterward_o the_o former_a name_n be_v leave_v off_o it_o be_v call_v caesar-augusta_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o iberus_n in_o a_o plain_a place_n and_o have_v a_o long_a stone_n bridge_n which_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n as_o strabo_n speak_v in_o his_o three_o book_n the_o city_n lie_v in_o the_o form_n and_o shape_n of_o a_o shoe-sole_n it_o have_v four_o gate_n look_v to_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v encompass_v with_o strong_a wall_n and_o well_o fortify_v with_o many_o tower_n in_o this_o city_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v crown_v by_o the_o archbishop_n &_o primate_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o other_o city_n be_v these_o first_o that_o which_o ptolemy_n and_o plutarch_n do_v call_v in_o latin_a osca_n and_o be_v now_o call_v huesca_n but_o velleius_n paterculus_n fabulous_o call_v it_o eteosca_n where_o he_o write_v that_o sertorius_n be_v slay_v second_o the_o city_n tyriassona_n near_o the_o mountain_n cacus_n which_o some_o do_v suppose_v be_v build_v by_o the_o tyrian_n and_o ausonian_n three_o jacca_n lie_v in_o a_o valley_n heretofore_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o jaccetani_n four_o calatajut_o stand_v in_o a_o plain_a and_o build_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o bilbilis_n which_o together_o with_o many_o other_o monument_n of_o antiquity_n be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o town_n on_o a_o hill_n which_o be_v common_o call_v bambola_n or_o banbola_n this_o mountain_n be_v enrich_v almost_o on_o every_o side_n with_o the_o river_n salon_n or_o xalon_n where_o valerius_n martialis_n lib._n 10._o epigram_n 103._o do_v place_n bilbilis_n be_v bear_v a_o citizen_n of_o it_o paulinus_n call_v it_o bilbilis_n hang_v on_o the_o rock_n ptolemie_n corrupt_o call_v it_o bilbis_fw-la and_o marshal_n call_v it_o augusta_n bilbilis_n as_o also_o do_v the_o inscription_n of_o ancient_a coin_n five_o barbastrum_n famous_a for_o iron_n crossbow_n which_o ptolemie_n call_v burtina_fw-la and_o antoninus_n bortina_fw-la as_o some_o think_v sixthly_a monsonium_n seat_v in_o the_o middle_n or_o navel_n of_o the_o kingdom_n not_o far_o from_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n cinga_n near_o which_o there_o be_v a_o hill_n from_o whence_o the_o town_n take_v its_o name_n it_o be_v a_o town_n that_o be_v famous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o meeting_n and_o convention_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n and_o valentia_n and_o the_o principality_n of_o catalonia_n where_o it_o stand_v it_o be_v common_o call_v moncon_n and_o have_v not_o only_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n but_o a_o sweet_a and_o open_a air_n seven_o fraga_n between_o ilerda_n and_o caesar-augusta_n ptolemie_n call_v it_o gallica_n flavia_n and_o antoninus_n gallicum_n as_o varronius_n think_v though_o some_o do_v place_n gallicum_n there_o where_o now_o stand_v zuera_n eigthly_a gurrea_n heretofore_o call_v forum_n gallorum_n which_o antoninus_n place_v between_o caesar-augusta_n and_o the_o pyrenaean_a hill_n nine_o ajerbium_n where_o it_o be_v think_v that_o ebellinum_n sometime_o stand_v which_o antoninus_n and_o other_o do_v mention_n 10_o lie_v vrgella_n which_o aimonius_n call_v orgellum_n and_o ptolemie_n orgia_n it_o be_v a_o town_n not_o far_o from_o the_o fountain_n of_o sicoris_n or_o segre_n there_o be_v also_o other_o town_n which_o be_v now_o so_o ruinate_v that_o there_o remain_v nothing_o of_o they_o among_o which_o be_v the_o town_n calagurris_n nassica_n be_v a_o other_o beside_o that_o in_o navarre_n the_o citizen_n thereof_o be_v call_v calagurritani_n by_o caesar_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o commentary_n and_o suetonius_n note_v that_o augustus_n have_v a_o guard_n of_o they_o in_o the_o life_n of_o augustus_n cap._n 49._o pliny_n name_v they_o nassici_n the_o river_n here_o be_v iberus_n or_o ebro_n and_o gallego_n or_o gallicum_n with_o other_o arragon_n and_o catalonia_n arragonia_n et_fw-fr catalonia_n aut_fw-la fugies_fw-la vticam_fw-la aut_fw-la unctus_fw-la mitteris_fw-la ilerdam_n from_o utica_n thou_o either_o now_o shall_v flee_v or_o else_o send_v to_o ilerda_n thou_o shall_v be_v here_o pope_n calixtus_n the_o three_o teach_v public_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n as_o platina_n witness_v these_o thing_n may_v suffice_v which_o have_v be_v speak_v hitherto_o concern_v spain_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o add_v by_o way_n of_o conclusion_n the_o excellent_a testimony_n of_o a_o frenchman_n concern_v this_o kingdom_n wherein_o whatsoever_o we_o have_v hitherto_o say_v in_o praise_n and_o commendation_n thereof_o be_v brief_o and_o pithy_o repeat_v by_o way_n of_o recapitulation_n this_o frenchman_n who_o i_o mention_v be_v call_v in_o latin_a pacatus_n who_o write_v a_o most_o learned_a panegyric_n to_o theodosius_n the_o emperor_n be_v a_o spaniard_n in_o which_o he_o speak_v to_o this_o purpose_n now_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o he_o be_v declare_v prince_n who_o ought_v to_o be_v choose_v of_o all_o man_n and_o out_o of_o all_o man_n for_o first_o spain_n be_v thy_o mother_n a_o land_n more_o happy_a than_o all_o other_o country_n the_o great_a fabricator_n and_o maker_n of_o all_o thing_n have_v be_v more_o favourable_a in_o enrich_v and_o adorn_v this_o country_n than_o the_o country_n of_o other_o nation_n for_o it_o be_v neither_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o summer_n heat_n nor_o subject_n to_o the_o northern_a
the_o low_a degree_n of_o nobility_n whence_o their_o propriety_n and_o order_n of_o government_n do_v most_o clear_o appear_v a_o knight_n say_v this_o author_n or_o a_o chevalier_n shall_v be_v thus_o create_v of_o one_o that_o be_v a_o squire_n before_o and_o bear_v arm_n in_o his_o escutcheon_n if_o he_o have_v long_o follow_v the_o war_n exercise_v arm_n be_v present_a at_o many_o conflict_n have_v sufficient_a mean_n to_o maintain_v the_o state_n of_o his_o degree_n and_o come_v of_o a_o great_a noble_a and_o rich_a family_n then_o in_o any_o skirmish_n he_o shall_v make_v know_v his_o request_n to_o the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n or_o to_o some_o valiant_a generous_a knight_n and_o when_o the_o battle_n be_v end_v he_o shall_v come_v unto_o the_o say_a general_n or_o knight_n and_o entreat_v he_o in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n and_o s._n george_n to_o give_v he_o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n whereupon_o he_o shall_v draw_v out_o his_o sword_n and_o strike_v he_o thrice_o with_o it_o say_v i_o make_v thou_o a_o knight_n or_o chevalier_n in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n and_o s._n george_n faithful_o to_o defend_v the_o faith_n justice_n the_o church_n widow_n and_o orphan_n but_o if_o the_o supplicant_n although_o he_o be_v valiant_a yet_o be_v poor_a he_o shall_v not_o be_v admit_v unless_o so_o much_o yearly_a revenue_n be_v assign_v and_o give_v unto_o he_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o order_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o degree_n of_o nobility_n arise_v from_o the_o low_a a_o military_a tribune_n call_v even_o banderhee_a shall_v be_v make_v of_o a_o knight_n if_o have_v long_o follow_v the_o war_n he_o have_v land_n and_o revenue_n enough_o to_o keep_v and_o maintain_v fifty_o gentleman_n in_o pay_n that_o be_v one_o band_n of_o horse_n man_n which_o shall_v follow_v his_o colour_n in_o the_o war_n for_o no_o man_n can_v set_v up_o a_o colour_n or_o standard_n of_o his_o own_o unless_o he_o can_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n a_o troop_n or_o band_n at_o the_o least_o of_o fifty_o gentleman_n who_o receive_v pay_v from_o he_o a_o baron_n may_v be_v create_v of_o a_o knight_n or_o also_o of_o a_o noble_a squire_n which_o have_v four_o castle_n in_o his_o dominion_n and_o all_o power_n within_o himself_o for_o then_o the_o king_n may_v confer_v a_o baronrie_n upon_o he_o yet_o he_o can_v give_v he_o this_o honour_n unless_o he_o have_v behave_v himself_o valiant_o in_o the_o war_n therefore_o after_o the_o first_o conflict_n or_o battle_n he_o be_v make_v a_o knight_n after_o the_o second_o a_o military_a tribune_n and_o after_o the_o three_o a_o baron_n the_o degree_n of_o a_o earl_n be_v the_o next_o and_o first_o a_o earl_n of_o the_o march_n who_o we_o call_v a_o marquesse_n that_o be_v marcgrave_n and_o he_o may_v be_v create_v one_o who_o have_v two_o or_o three_o barony_n include_v in_o one_o dukedom_n and_o that_o by_o the_o duke_n in_o who_o precinct_n they_o lie_v he_o may_v be_v make_v a_o provincial_n earl_n that_o be_v a_o landgrave_n who_o have_v four_o barony_n in_o one_o dukedom_n by_o the_o duke_n or_o the_o king_n by_o the_o instance_n or_o permission_n of_o the_o duke_n he_o may_v be_v make_v a_o viscount_n who_o have_v five_o county_n or_o more_o within_o one_o dukedom_n or_o which_o be_v join_v together_o by_o vicinity_n of_o situation_n and_o by_o the_o king_n permission_n he_o may_v be_v create_v by_o the_o duke_n with_o great_a solemnity_n but_o if_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v present_a the_o principality_n be_v more_o honourable_a the_o duke_n who_o be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o a_o earl_n must_v first_o possess_v in_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o he_o be_v to_o be_v crown_v four_o principal_a county_n and_o must_v have_v in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o four_o other_o county_n or_o barony_n which_o must_v be_v bind_v to_o do_v fealty_n and_o service_n to_o they_o but_o he_o must_v be_v crown_v by_o the_o king_n or_o emperor_n who_o subject_n he_o be_v his_o hat_n be_v adorn_v with_o pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n in_o the_o most_o flourish_a city_n of_o his_o territory_n and_o that_o in_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o prince_n duke_n earl_n and_o baron_n a_o solemn_a festival_n be_v also_o hold_v as_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n as_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v king_n must_v have_v four_o dukedom_n lie_v near_o together_o subject_a unto_o he_o and_o in_o every_o dukedom_n four_o city_n which_o he_o alone_o govern_v in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o four_o city_n one_o archbishop_n and_o under_o every_o one_o of_o these_o again_o ten_o provincial_n bishop_n he_o be_v endow_v and_o adorn_v with_o these_o dominion_n and_o dignity_n shall_v come_v unto_o the_o emperor_n majesty_n as_o to_o his_o superior_a or_o shall_v invite_v he_o by_o a_o honourable_a embassage_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o and_o so_o desire_v to_o be_v crown_v by_o he_o but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o late_a manner_n of_o elect_v the_o king_n and_o other_o prince_n for_o as_o long_o as_o those_o wander_a nation_n of_o the_o goth_n vandal_n longobarde_n and_o many_o other_o do_v bring_v in_o their_o king_n with_o they_o they_o do_v not_o measure_v the_o royal_a dignity_n by_o large_a possession_n of_o land_n but_o by_o the_o multitude_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o people_n which_o they_o bring_v in_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o other_o choice_n of_o duke_n who_o first_o begin_v to_o be_v institute_v by_o longinus_n governor_n of_o ravenna_n in_o the_o year_n 569_o and_o afterward_o by_o the_o longobard_n than_o for_o their_o valour_n and_o wise_a achievement_n add_v to_o this_o that_o which_o paulus_n aemilius_n witness_v namely_o that_o duke_n and_o earl_n be_v in_o the_o beginning_n make_v prefect_n by_o the_o king_n over_o nation_n and_o city_n on_o this_o condition_n only_o that_o as_o often_o as_o there_o be_v occasion_n they_o shall_v be_v dismiss_v or_o change_v now_o how_o can_v the_o afore_o say_v law_n of_o create_a prince_n which_o be_v measure_v by_o and_o do_v claim_v the_o hereditary_a possession_n of_o land_n be_v in_o force_n at_o that_o time_n see_v dukedom_n and_o county_n be_v confer_v by_o king_n and_o emperor_n as_o a_o temporary_a bounty_n therefore_o though_o the_o precise_a time_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o they_o can_v be_v show_v for_o that_o french_a book_n do_v mention_v nothing_o of_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o under_o otto_n the_o second_o emperor_n or_o about_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o or_o a_o little_a after_o that_o manner_n of_o constitute_v and_o confirm_v dignity_n be_v ordain_v by_o the_o monarch_n for_o even_o until_o otto_n the_o second_o every_o prince_n according_a to_o his_o power_n and_o ambition_n do_v aspire_v to_o great_a dignity_n and_o royal_a majesty_n so_o out_o of_o one_o kingdom_n of_o lotharingia_n or_o lorreine_a which_o be_v extend_v from_o the_o rhine_n even_o to_o the_o river_n scaldis_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o friesland_n sea_n and_o belong_v to_o lotharius_n the_o son_n of_o lodovicus_n pius_n more_o kingdom_n do_v afterward_o arise_v namely_o the_o transjurane_n burgundy_n which_o be_v extend_v from_o the_o mountain_n jura_n even_o to_o the_o alps_n do_v contain_v all_o helvetia_n the_o rauraci_n the_o allobroges_n and_o the_o transjurane_n burgundian_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o provence_n which_o do_v certain_a some_o part_n of_o burgundy_n and_o sabaudia_n and_o be_v afterward_o call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o arelatum_n of_o which_o at_o this_o day_n the_o elector_n of_o trevers_n be_v call_v the_o archchanâ—â—liour_n it_o do_v also_o contain_v the_o kingdom_n of_o lotharingia_n now_o also_o call_v lotharingia_n and_o other_o kingdom_n between_o the_o rhine_n and_o scaldis_n even_o to_o the_o friesland_n sea_n and_o heretofore_o it_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n austrasia_n again_o this_o kingdom_n of_o lotharingia_n charles_n the_o bald_a and_o his_o brother_n lodovick_n do_v part_n between_o they_o both_o of_o they_o preserve_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n in_o all_o place_n i_o omit_v the_o other_o kingdom_n which_o spring_v up_o in_o that_o agely_fw-mi the_o desire_n and_o asseciation_n of_o sovereignty_n but_o the_o emperor_n otto_n the_o second_o do_v divide_v lotharingia_n have_v take_v away_o the_o name_n of_o a_o kingdom_n into_o nine_o dukedom_n and_o earldom_n as_o it_o be_v into_o member_n pull_v and_o separate_v from_o the_o body_n as_o cuspinian_n have_v it_o and_o have_v make_v a_o division_n thereof_o anno_fw-la 981_o be_v first_o make_v charles_n the_o brother_n of_o lotharius_n king_n of_o france_n duke_n of_o that_o country_n which_o be_v now_o call_v lotharingia_n aâ—_n richardus_fw-la wissenburgius_n
pertusa_fw-la merula_n who_o once_o pass_v by_o it_o witness_v that_o it_o be_v true_o and_o accurate_o describe_v by_o sebastian_n munster_n and_o the_o same_o merula_n mention_v a_o fair_a inscription_n over_o the_o gate_n but_o that_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o first_o word_n be_v more_o wear_v out_o than_o the_o rest_n this_o be_v it_o n_o augusti_fw-la via_fw-la ducta_fw-la per_fw-la ardua_fw-la montis_fw-la fecit_fw-la iter_fw-la petram_fw-la scindens_fw-la in_o margin_n fontis_fw-la this_o be_v the_o way_n which_o once_a augustus_n make_v through_o this_o mountain_n which_o his_o power_n obey_v he_o cut_v a_o way_n quite_o through_o this_o rocky_a mountain_n even_o near_o unto_o the_o brim_n of_o a_o fair_a fountain_n by_o this_o fountain_n the_o poet_n understand_v the_o river_n byrsa_n which_o break_v there_o out_o of_o a_o rock_n with_o a_o violent_a stream_n of_o water_n from_o thence_o jura_n run_v northwestward_o between_o the_o helvetian_o and_o the_o sabaudians_n and_o then_o by_o burgundia_n which_o it_o leave_v upon_o the_o southsouthwest_n whence_o caesar_n say_v in_o his_o first_o book_n that_o jura_n in_o two_o place_n divide_v the_o sequani_n from_o the_o helvetian_o and_o by_o divers_a lake_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v lemanus_n where_o the_o mountain_n of_o s._n claudius_n run_v far_o and_o wide_a at_o last_o end_v near_o to_o the_o river_n rhodanus_n concern_v other_o mountain_n which_o do_v also_o belong_v to_o france_n and_o namely_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n i_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o description_n of_o spain_n and_o i_o will_v discourse_v of_o the_o alps_n when_o i_o come_v to_o entreat_v of_o italy_n i_o will_v therefore_o now_o speak_v something_o of_o the_o wood_n in_o france_n which_o be_v many_o yet_o not_o so_o great_a or_o thick_a of_o tree_n bush_n and_o brier_n as_o in_o other_o country_n there_o be_v many_o among_o the_o lugdunensis_n cenomanni_n as_o les_fw-fr forest_n de_fw-fr versay_v longoulney_n persi_fw-la sille_n charnay_n audain_n maine_n concise_n in_o lower_n britain_n there_o be_v le_fw-fr forest_n de_fw-fr bostblanc_n de_fw-fr toriant_n &_o de_fw-fr guierche_fw-fr among_o the_o pict_n in_o poictou_n there_o be_v le_fw-fr forest_n de_fw-fr mouliore_fw-la dyne_n bresse_n ligne_n and_o other_o among_o bituriges_n in_o berry_n the_o wood_n roberto_n may_v be_v see_v with_o other_o and_o among_o the_o lugdunensis_n andegavi_n there_o be_v the_o forest_n of_o loursaie_n and_o marson_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o bononia_n be_v as_o it_o be_v one_o entire_a wood_n the_o part_n whereof_o be_v le_fw-fr bois_n de_fw-fr surene_n cell_n hardelot_n dalles_n and_o boursin_n among_o the_o verumandui_n not_o far_o from_o perona_n there_o be_v the_o wood_n recoigne_n and_o bouhan_n in_o picardia_n there_o be_v bois_n de_fw-fr baine_n de_fw-fr beaulieu_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr fere_n and_o de_fw-fr coussi_n neither_o do_v lotharingia_n want_v wood_n as_o warned-wald_a le_fw-fr banbois_n bois_n de_fw-fr moudon_n de_fw-fr heyde_n de_fw-fr s._n benoyt_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr voyge_n mortaigne_a and_o doseyne_v in_o burgundy_n there_o be_v many_o wood_n who_o name_n i_o can_v now_o rehearse_v i_o pass_v by_o also_o the_o other_o wood_n which_o be_v disperse_v all_o over_o france_n also_o for_o the_o forest_n of_o arduenna_n the_o chief_a part_n of_o it_o be_v in_o low-germany_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v describe_v there_o though_o claudian_n call_v it_o the_o french_a wood_n and_o caesar_n lib._n 6._o the_o bell_n gall._n call_v it_o the_o great_a wood_n of_o france_n not_o only_o ancient_a monument_n &_o record_n but_o also_o church_n and_o other_o place_n dedicate_v to_o religion_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o france_n do_v witness_n that_o the_o frenchman_n be_v very_o much_o addict_v to_o religion_n and_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o those_o that_o embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n in_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n alone_o there_o be_v 69_o church_n work_n but_o the_o fair_a of_o they_o be_v the_o cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n the_o foundation_n whereof_o be_v long_o before_o lay_v it_o begin_v to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o ludovicus_n in_o the_o year_n 1257_o and_o be_v the_o chief_a wonder_n of_o france_n it_o be_v bear_v up_o by_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pillar_n the_o length_n be_v 174_o pace_n the_o breadth_n threescore_o and_o the_o height_n a_o hundred_o the_o choir_n be_v build_v of_o fair_a stone_n on_o which_o be_v engrave_v divers_a history_n out_o of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n it_o have_v in_o the_o whole_a compass_n of_o it_o 45_o chapel_n strengthen_v with_o iron_n grate_v the_o gate_n be_v eleven_o in_o all_o on_o the_o front_n of_o the_o church_n there_o be_v three_o double_a gate_n beautify_v and_o adorn_v with_o the_o statue_n of_o 28_o king_n on_o the_o side_n there_o be_v tower_n or_o rather_o steeple_n which_o be_v 34_o cubit_n high_a the_o great_a bell_n which_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o virgin_n mary_n require_v twenty_o man_n to_o ring_v it_o and_o the_o second_o thereof_o when_o the_o air_n be_v clear_a may_v be_v easy_o hear_v seven_o league_n it_o be_v a_o infinite_a thing_n to_o describe_v the_o other_o church_n which_o be_v here_o and_o in_o other_o place_n or_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o abbey_n the_o friaries_n the_o monastery_n the_o hospital_n for_o stranger_n the_o hospital_n for_o the_o sick_a the_o hospital_n for_o the_o poor_a and_o the_o hospital_n for_o orphan_n what_o shall_v i_o speak_v of_o the_o castle_n or_o of_o the_o king_n fair_a palace_n what_o of_o the_o fair_a house_n belong_v to_o nobleman_n and_o knight_n what_o of_o the_o other_o public_a and_o private_a building_n concern_v these_o matter_n i_o have_v rather_o be_v silent_a than_o speak_v too_o little_a the_o state_n of_o france_n be_v now_o monarchical_a government_n which_o kind_n of_o government_n aristotle_n think_v be_v most_o ancient_a and_o divine_a the_o king_n thereof_o be_v bear_v not_o choose_v by_o suffrage_n and_o none_o can_v govern_v but_o one_o of_o the_o masculine_a sex_n as_o the_o therein_o salic_a law_n do_v require_v the_o subject_n do_v so_o love_v adore_v and_o reverence_v their_o king_n as_o nothing_o more_o the_o arbitrate_v and_o judge_v of_o all_o matter_n be_v in_o his_o power_n there_o be_v in_o france_n a_o college_n of_o twelve_o peer_n institute_v by_o council_n charles_n the_o great_a in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o saracen_n and_o they_o be_v common_o call_v les_fw-fr pair_n de_fw-fr france_n because_o they_o be_v next_o &_o as_o it_o be_v equal_a in_o dignity_n to_o the_o king_n they_o have_v power_n to_o consecrate_v the_o king_n and_o put_v he_o into_o possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n six_o of_o these_o be_v common_o call_v laic_n the_o rest_n be_v call_v ecclesiastic_n or_o clergyman_n the_o laic_n be_v duke_n or_o earl_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n normandy_n and_o guienne_n the_o earl_n of_o campania_n flanders_n and_o tholouse_n the_o ecclesiastic_n also_o be_v duke_n and_o earl_n the_o duke_n be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o rheims_n the_o archbishop_n of_o laon_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o langer_n the_o earl_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o chaulons_a of_o noyon_n and_o beavois_n there_o be_v also_o eight_o chief_a senate_n in_o france_n which_o they_o common_o call_v parliament_n from_o which_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o make_v any_o appeal_n as_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n of_o tholouse_n of_o rotamagum_n or_o roven_n of_o grenoble_n of_o bordeaux_n of_o dijon_n of_o aix_n and_o of_o bretaigne_n as_o concern_v the_o ecclesiastic_a state_n there_o be_v twelve_o archbishopric_n in_o france_n to_o wit_n the_o archbishop_n of_o lion_n which_o be_v the_o primate_n of_o aix_n of_o vienna_n of_o rheims_n of_o narbone_n of_o tholouse_n of_o bordeaux_n of_o aux_fw-fr of_o bourge_n of_o tours_n of_o roen_n and_o of_o sene._n there_o be_v these_o university_n in_o the_o kingdom_n to_o wit_n university_n paris_n poitiers_n bourges_n tholouse_n bordeaux_n nantes_n lion_n orleans_n mompellier_n cahors_n grenoble_n valens_n rheims_n angiers_n caen_n avenion_n dol_n and_o massils_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a of_o they_o all_o and_o found_v by_o the_o grecian_n out_o of_o these_o as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o so_o many_o trojan_a horse_n a_o innumerable_a sort_n of_o learned_a man_n both_o divine_n lawyer_n physician_n and_o other_o have_v come_v forth_o who_o if_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o number_n i_o shall_v take_v upon_o myself_o a_o great_a task_n and_o shall_v be_v tedious_a to_o the_o reader_n the_o nobility_n of_o france_n do_v in_o general_n follow_v the_o study_n of_o good_a learning_n with_o earnest_a diligence_n and_o continual_a pain_n so_o that_o they_o excel_v in_o all_o kind_n of_o discipline_n and_o arts._n you_o may_v see_v there_o those_o that_o be_v of_o great_a
of_o grenoble_n and_o of_o roman_n four_o the_o archbishop_n of_o aix_n under_o who_o there_o be_v five_o bishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o ap_n of_o freâ—ul_a of_o sesteron_fw-gr of_o ever_o be_v and_o of_o vapinte_n five_o the_o archbishop_n of_o arclatum_n or_o arles_n under_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o massilia_n of_o vasison_n of_o tricaste_n of_o cavallion_n of_o avignon_n of_o orange_n of_o carpentras_n and_o of_o tollon_n the_o archbishop_n of_o lion_n and_o primate_n of_o all_o france_n have_v his_o residence_n in_o the_o city_n of_o lion_n and_o have_v four_o suffragan_a bishop_n under_o he_o as_o the_o bishop_n of_o autun_n of_o mascon_n of_o chalon_n by_o the_o river_n saone_v and_o of_o langres_n provincia_n or_o provence_n hitherto_o we_o have_v describe_v aquitania_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arelatum_n provincia_n follow_v call_v this_o most_o excellent_a part_n of_o france_n from_o beyond_o rhodanus_n even_o to_o the_o river_n garumna_n be_v call_v provincia_n because_o the_o roman_n many_o year_n before_o the_o nativity_n of_o christ_n do_v reduce_v it_o into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o province_n which_o name_n it_o still_o retain_v in_o a_o small_a portion_n thereof_o wherein_o be_v massilia_n and_o aquae_n sextiae_n by_o way_n of_o excellency_n to_o declare_v that_o it_o have_v pre-eminence_n both_o in_o order_n and_o dignity_n above_o all_o the_o province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n dauphin_n lie_v near_o to_o provincia_n on_o the_o north_n side_n situation_n be_v part_v from_o it_o with_o the_o mountain_n common_o call_v the_o mountain_n of_o velay_n and_o by_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o river_n drueâ—â—ius_n or_o durance_n run_v between_o it_o be_v enclose_v on_o the_o east_n side_n by_o the_o alps_n and_o the_o river_n varus_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n bank_n whereof_o stand_v the_o town_n nicaea_n where_o italy_n begin_v on_o the_o south_n the_o french_a sea_n beat_v on_o it_o and_o the_o western_a bound_n of_o it_o be_v partly_o the_o principality_n of_o arausio_n or_o orange_n and_o the_o county_n of_o avenio_n or_o avignon_n which_o do_v former_o belong_v unto_o it_o though_o now_o they_o appertain_v to_o other_o prince_n and_o partly_o the_o whole_a river_n rhodanus_n as_o far_o as_o lion_n and_o arclatum_n belong_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o languedock_n air_n the_o air_n here_o be_v gentle_a mild_a and_o very_o pure_a the_o country_n do_v produce_v not_o only_o excellent_a corn_n but_o also_o fruit_n with_o little_a labour_n or_o tillage_n soil_n and_o here_o be_v as_o great_a plenty_n of_o rason_n and_o fig_n as_o may_v furnish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n here_o be_v such_o great_a store_n of_o rosemary_n juniper-berry_n chess_n nut_n pome-citterne_n lemon_n orange_n saffron_n rice_n and_o the_o like_a as_o if_o the_o horn_n of_o plenty_n be_v pour_v forth_o upon_o this_o country_n the_o vine_n yield_v excellent_a rich_a wine_n here_o and_o the_o soil_n be_v every_o where_o very_o good_a and_o fruitful_a concern_v the_o ancient_a earl_n of_o provincia_n some_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v note_v we_o read_v in_o ancient_a annal_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ludovicus_n the_o eigth_n king_n of_o france_n raymundus_n berengarius_fw-la be_v earle_n of_o provence_n and_o that_o charles_n earl_n of_o anjou_n government_n and_o son_n to_o the_o afterward_o king_n ludovicus_n do_v marry_v beatrice_n his_o only_a daughter_n and_o heir_n &_o by_o that_o mean_v get_v this_o country_n after_o he_o succeed_v charles_n surname_v the_o lame_a be_v prince_n of_o salernum_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n after_o he_o his_o son_n robert_n succeed_v be_v duke_n of_o calabria_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n and_o after_o he_o his_o grandchild_n joane_n who_o father_n charles_n duke_n of_o calabria_n be_v dead_a before_o for_o by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o this_o robert_n she_o be_v make_v queen_n of_o naples_n and_o countess_n of_o provence_n this_o woman_n that_o she_o may_v be_v revenge_v on_o her_o adversary_n do_v adopt_v ludovicus_n of_o anjou_n son_n to_o john_n king_n of_o france_n and_o leave_v he_o her_o successor_n both_o in_o other_o principality_n and_o also_o in_o this_o county_n after_o this_o ludovicus_n his_o son_n ludovicus_n the_o second_o be_v make_v earl_n and_o next_o after_o he_o his_o son_n ludovicus_n the_o three_o who_o be_v also_o adopt_v by_o joane_n the_o second_o queen_n of_o naples_n to_o be_v king_n of_o sicily_n and_o duke_n of_o calabria_n this_o ludovicus_n have_v no_o issue_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a joane_n institute_v his_o brother_n renatus_n to_o be_v successor_n in_o those_o principality_n and_o he_o be_v unwilling_a to_o resign_v his_o right_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o the_o county_n of_o provence_n to_o renatus_n duke_n of_o lotharingia_n his_o nephew_n do_v pass_v it_o over_o unto_o his_o brother_n charles_n earl_n of_o maine_n who_o make_v his_o son_n charles_n die_v ludovicus_n the_o eleven_o king_n of_o france_n his_o heir_n some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o renatus_n make_v he_o heir_n after_o charles_n by_o his_o last_o will_n although_o renatus_n duke_n of_o lotharingia_n do_v just_o expostulate_v with_o he_o concern_v the_o same_o here_o dwell_v heretofore_o the_o salyi_n the_o aquense_n the_o arelatense_n the_o sextani_n the_o sentij_fw-la the_o ebroduntij_fw-la the_o dinienses_n the_o vesdiantij_fw-la the_o sanicienses_n the_o nerucij_n the_o vencienses_n the_o vulgientes_n the_o aptense_n the_o reienses_n the_o ostaviani_n the_o commoni_n the_o foro-iulienses_a the_o segestorij_fw-la the_o albici_n the_o oxubij_fw-la the_o deciates_n and_o other_o there_o be_v in_o provence_n under_o the_o aquensian_a parliament_n beside_o many_o town_n of_o no_o small_a note_n two_o city_n which_o have_v archbishop_n and_o eleven_o that_o have_v bishop_n in_o they_o the_o archiepiscopall_a city_n be_v aquae_n sextiae_n and_o arelatum_n the_o latin_n paterculus_n solinus_n and_o other_o do_v call_v the_o first_o aquae_n sextiae_n colonia_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o c._n marius_n sextilia_n the_o itinerarie_a table_n aquae_fw-la sestiae_n the_o inscription_n of_o a_o stone_n at_o lion_n near_o to_o s._n benedict_v church_n colonia_n julia_n aquae_n last_o a_o certain_a ancient_a inscription_n and_o vespasian_n coin_n colonia_n julia_n aquae_fw-la sexiae_fw-la legio_n 25._o it_o be_v call_v aquae_n because_o there_o be_v bath_n of_o hot_a water_n whence_o also_o it_o be_v now_o call_v aix_n and_o it_o be_v call_v sextiae_n from_o c._n sextius_n who_o be_v consul_n in_o the_o year_n from_o the_o build_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n 630._o for_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o salyi_n build_v this_o city_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v place_v a_o roman_a garrison_n therein_o and_o that_o he_o may_v drive_v the_o barbarian_n from_o those_o coast_n which_o open_v a_o way_n from_o massilia_n into_o italy_n see_v the_o massilian_n be_v not_o able_a to_o suppress_v they_o you_o may_v read_v livy_n lib._n 61._o from_o the_o 10._o cap._n but_o concern_v the_o same_o it_o be_v call_v julia_n augusta_n from_o c._n julius_n caesar_n augustus_n who_o do_v enlarge_v it_o with_o colony_n bring_v thither_o the_o old_a soldier_n of_o the_o 25_o legion_n the_o parliament_n of_o provence_n be_v hold_v here_o which_o therefore_o be_v call_v parliamentum_fw-la aquense_a partly_o at_o this_o city_n and_o partly_o in_o italy_n do_v c._n marius_n overcome_v the_o cimbrian_o a_o people_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o tigurini_fw-la and_o abrones_n french_a nation_n that_o band_v themselves_o with_o they_o of_o which_o history_n elsewhere_o the_o second_o city_n orosius_n and_o ausonius_n lib._n de_fw-la urbibus_fw-la in_o epigraphe_n &_o ipso_fw-la carmine_fw-la 7_o o_fw-la do_v call_v church_n arelas_n the_o same_o ausonius_n elsewhere_o do_v call_v it_o arelatus_n caesar_n call_v it_o arelate_n as_o also_o suetonius_n in_o the_o life_n of_o tiberius_n mela_n and_o other_o strabo_n call_v it_o areletae_n ptolemie_n arelaton_n salyorum_n colonia_n and_o pliny_n arelate_n sextanorum_n but_o now_o by_o a_o word_n of_o the_o plural_a number_n it_o be_v call_v arle_n festus_n avienus_n do_v report_n that_o the_o grecian_n heretofore_o inhabit_v it_o do_v call_v it_o tâ—elinis_n julius_n scaliger_n witness_v that_o in_o a_o fair_a inscription_n on_o a_o pillar_n which_o he_o have_v see_v it_o be_v call_v mamiliaria_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o be_v unknown_a fl._n constantinus_n the_o emperor_n do_v enact_v and_o ordain_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v call_v constantia_n and_o that_o the_o assembly_n and_o convention_n of_o seven_o province_n namely_o of_o vienne_n of_o both_o the_o narbons_n of_o both_o the_o aquitane_n of_o provence_n provincia_n novem-populana_a and_o the_o maritime_a alps_n shall_v be_v hold_v and_o keep_v there_o and_o ausonius_n call_v it_o gallula_n roma_n in_o those_o verse_n which_o i_o mention_v before_o it_o be_v
after_o a_o certain_a victory_n obtain_v against_o they_o be_v all_o slay_v at_o this_o town_n who_o can_v not_o pronounce_v the_o name_n thereof_o for_o they_o pronounce_v it_o â—equeny_v in_o stead_n of_o pequigny_n the_o geographer_n that_o describe_v 〈◊〉_d do_v note_n that_o veromandois_n do_v contain_v under_o it_o the_o territory_n of_o â—issenois_n laâ—nnâ—is_fw-fr and_o â—artencis_fw-la and_o the_o city_n nâ—yon_n and_o s._n quintin_n the_o city_n of_o soissâ—ns_n be_v subject_a to_o theme_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o calaa_n belgica_n and_o be_v honour_v by_o caesar_n with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o royal_a city_n it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o cladoveus_n after_o who_o decease_n his_o son_n restore_v it_o to_o that_o former_a honour_n which_o it_o enjoy_v in_o caesar_n time_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v a_o warlike_a people_n in_o this_o city_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o philip_n augustus_n there_o be_v a_o counsel_n hold_v by_o the_o clergy_n of_o england_n and_o france_n for_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v thrust_v the_o bishop_n out_o of_o their_o seat_n have_v keep_v the_o church_n good_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n for_o 6._o year_n and_o afterward_o have_v banish_v the_o bishop_n into_o franâ—e_n in_o this_o couâ—sell_n he_o have_v excommunication_n and_o war_n denounce_v against_o he_o as_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o church_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v overcome_v in_o battle_n and_o all_o his_o auxiliary_a force_n which_o he_o have_v out_o of_o plander_n be_v overthrow_v the_o suessâ—nes_n among_o the_o rest_n behave_v themselves_o very_o valiant_o against_o he_o the_o temple_n and_o monastery_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n in_o the_o city_n soissâ—ms_n be_v build_v by_o ebroynus_n the_o tyrant_n who_o be_v master_n of_o the_o palace_n of_o france_n the_o bishop_n of_o soissons_fw-fr from_o sixtus_n to_o matthew_n paris_n be_v 79._o the_o country_n of_o laonois_n so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n laon_n which_o iâ—_n situate_v between_o the_o river_n ayne_n and_o oysa_n on_o a_o hill_n and_o â—gisbertus_fw-la say_v that_o â—lâ—doveus_n in_o the_o year_n 500_o do_v honour_v this_o city_n with_o a_o dukedom_n and_o a_o bishopric_n he_o constitute_v genebaldus_n to_o be_v the_o first_o bishop_n thereof_o and_o after_o he_o unto_o johannes_n buâ—â—erius_n there_o be_v reckon_v 72._o bishop_n it_o be_v also_o a_o bayliwick_n under_o which_o be_v these_o city_n soissons_fw-fr noviomagus_n or_o noyon_n s._n quintin_n ribuaria_n or_o ribemont_n câ—uâ—y_n chauâ—y_o guise_n perona_n mondidier_n and_o roia_n next_o adjacent_a unto_o laon_n be_v compendium_n call_v by_o the_o french_a compiegne_n and_o by_o other_o parâ—pâ—â—is_n from_o carolus_n calvus_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 896._o do_v enlarge_v and_o fortify_v it_o like_o constantinople_n erect_v there_o also_o a_o monastery_n to_o saint_n cornelius_n the_o church_n of_o compiegne_n and_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o dominican_n and_o franciscan_n be_v build_v by_o s._n ludovicus_n king_n of_o france_n the_o metropolis_n of_o tartenois_n be_v fera_fw-fr common_o call_v la_o fere_n be_v a_o city_n well_o fortify_v and_o commodious_o seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n and_o meeting_n of_o the_o river_n oysa_n and_o serua_n and_o have_v a_o strong_a castle_n concern_v the_o city_n noyon_n and_o s._n quintin_n there_n be_v enough_o speak_v in_o the_o description_n of_o a_o former_a table_n so_o much_o therefore_o concern_v true_a picardy_n there_o be_v divers_a part_n of_o the_o low_a picardy_n call_v le_fw-fr basse_fw-fr as_o sancterra_n pontium_fw-la bolonesium_n guâ—naeum_n and_o oyum._n sancterra_n or_o sancterre_n lie_v between_o mons_fw-la s._n desiderij_fw-la perona_n roye_n and_o nesla_n mons_fw-la s._n desiderij_fw-la or_o mondidier_n be_v a_o strong_a place_n or_o hold._n perona_n be_v situate_v at_o the_o river_n somona_n here_o herebert_n earl_n of_o veromandois_n keep_v chaâ—les_v the_o simple_a king_n of_o france_n captive_a where_o he_o die_v and_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n much_o trouble_v roye_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n antoninus_n call_v it_o caesaremagnus_n as_o also_o the_o itinerary_a table_n â—essa_fw-mi be_v a_o strong_a fortress_n as_o many_o other_o place_n be_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o sancterra_n have_v many_o famous_a man_n be_v bear_v and_o the_o ancient_a lord_n thereof_o be_v marquess_n former_o join_v in_o affinity_n and_o ally_v to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o courtney_n which_o descend_v from_o the_o king_n of_o france_n pontium_fw-la or_o in_o french_a le_fw-fr conté_fw-fr ponthieu_n be_v so_o name_v from_o the_o great_a company_n of_o bridge_n and_o marsh_n which_o discharge_v and_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n near_o to_o s._n valeri_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o county_n be_v abatisvilla_n common_o call_v abbeville_n near_o the_o river_n oyse_n be_v a_o bailiwick_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o precedent_n from_o whence_o cause_n and_o suit_n in_o law_n be_v bring_v to_o paris_n the_o other_o town_n be_v crâ—toy_n rua_n treport_n and_o s._n richeri_n beside_o cressiacum_n or_o the_o little_a town_n of_o cressi_n famous_a for_o the_o slaughter_n of_o 36000._o frenchman_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o philip_n of_o valot_n in_o the_o year_n 1346._o this_o country_n also_o do_v contain_v two_o other_o under_o it_o to_o wit_n the_o county_n of_o mâ—â—streul_n and_o s._n paul_n some_o think_v the_o former_a be_v so_o call_v quasi_fw-la mâ—rs_fw-la reguis_fw-la that_o be_v the_o royal_a mountain_n but_o other_o imagine_v it_o to_o be_v so_o name_v from_o a_o monster_n which_o have_v his_o dwell_a house_n here_o lower_v picardy_n contain_v the_o county_n of_o bononia_n picardy_n commanly_a call_v coâ—â—â—_n de_fw-fr boleigne_n and_o the_o county_n of_o guisne_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v in_o the_o description_n of_o bononia_n the_o chief_a river_n of_o picardy_n be_v somona_n near_o to_o which_o lie_v the_o town_n ambianum_n or_o amiens_n and_o abbe-villa_n disne_n oyse_n or_o esia_n scaldis_n escault_n or_o sceldt_n and_o those_o which_o be_v common_o call_v aâ—â—â—_n and_o scarpe_n i_o come_v to_o their_o manner_n the_o picardian_n be_v of_o a_o good_a disposition_n well_o set_v courteous_a officious_a valiant_a and_o prone_a to_o anger_v whence_o they_o be_v call_v hot_a head_n they_o be_v so_o soon_o assure_o give_v and_o addict_v to_o wine_n so_o that_o a_o man_n can_v hardly_o obtain_v any_o thing_n of_o they_o unless_o he_o will_v bear_v they_o company_n in_o drink_v yet_o they_o agree_v so_o well_o among_o themselves_o that_o if_o you_o offend_v one_o of_o they_o all_o the_o rest_n will_v be_v your_o enemy_n the_o noble_n be_v warlike_a and_o do_v most_o of_o all_o delight_n in_o military_a affair_n so_o much_o concern_v picardy_n campania_n the_o state_n ecclesiastic_a here_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o rheims_n under_o who_o be_v eight_o suffragan_a bishop_n as_o the_o bishop_n of_o laon_n a_o duke_n and_o peer_n of_o france_n the_o bishop_n of_o chalon_n a_o earl_n and_o peer_n of_o france_n the_o bishop_n of_o suesson_n the_o bishop_n of_o terwaen_n who_o seat_n be_v translate_v to_o boulogne_n the_o bishop_n of_o amiens_n the_o bishop_n of_o noviomagum_n or_o noion_n a_o earl_n and_o peer_n of_o france_n the_o bishop_n of_o senlis_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o beauvais_n a_o earl_n and_o peer_n of_o france_n here_o be_v also_o the_o archbishop_n of_o sens_n under_o who_o be_v seven_o bishop_n to_o wit_n the_o bishop_n of_o paris_n of_o chartres_n of_o orleans_n of_o nivers_n of_o auxerre_n of_o trois_fw-fr en_fw-fr champagne_n and_o of_o meaux_n campania_n call_v campania_n call_v in_o french_a comté_fw-fr de_fw-fr champagne_n be_v derive_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o if_o we_o shall_v believe_v graegorius_n â—uronensis_fw-la from_o the_o great_a and_o spacious_a field_n whereof_o it_o consist_v for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a plain_a and_o champion_n country_n situation_n the_o territory_n of_o brie_n burgundy_n carolois_n and_o lotharingia_n do_v encompass_v it_o on_o every_o side_n the_o tricasses_n lingones_n the_o râ—mi_n the_o catalaunian_n the_o meldae_n the_o senones_n and_o other_o who_o be_v now_o wear_v out_o of_o memory_n be_v heretofore_o seat_v in_o this_o country_n the_o tricasses_n nominate_v in_o pliny_n chief_a book_n ptolemy_n call_v trikasstoi_n and_o ammianus_n tricassini_fw-la as_o also_o in_o certain_a panegyric_n and_o in_o the_o inscription_n of_o a_o ancient_a stone_n hericus_n call_v the_o trecae_n in_o the_o life_n of_o s._n german_n and_o other_o call_v they_o by_o contraction_n tress_n their_o city_n be_v call_v tricassium_fw-la and_o common_o trois_fw-fr en_fw-fr champagne_n those_o which_o caesar_n pliny_n and_o other_o do_v call_v lingâ—nes_n ptolemy_n call_v doâ—gones_n and_o the_o same_o pliny_n faederati_fw-la that_o province_n which_o contain_v their_o city_n which_o be_v langres_n be_v now_o call_v la_fw-fr duché_n patre_fw-la and_o
evesche_n de_fw-fr langres_n those_o which_o caesar_n call_v râ—mi_n ptolemy_n call_v rhemâ—i_n pliny_n faederati_fw-la and_o the_o country_n in_o which_o be_v their_o city_n of_o rheims_n be_v call_v duché_n pairie_n and_o archenesché_n de_fw-fr râ—ims_n as_o we_o have_v before_o mention_v the_o learned_a do_v think_v that_o the_o cathelaum_v mention_v in_o amianus_n marcellinus_n shall_v be_v write_v catalauni_n and_o so_o they_o be_v nominate_v campania_n champagne_n comitatus_fw-la campania_n in_o eutropius_n his_o book_n their_o city_n be_v now_o call_v la_o evesché_n de_fw-fr challon_n in_o the_o catalannian_a field_n atilla_n king_n of_o the_o hun_n in_o the_o year_n from_o the_o build_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n 1203._o and_o after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n 450._o be_v overcome_v by_o the_o roman_n goth_n and_o frenchman_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o captain_n actius_n patricius_n theodoricus_n and_o merovaeus_fw-la there_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n 162000._o except_o 90000._o gepidaans_n and_o frenchman_n who_o be_v slay_v before_o jornandes_n cap._n 36._o do_v delmeate_n and_o set_v forth_o these_o field_n and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o meldae_n pliny_n call_v liberi_fw-la strabo_n meldoi_fw-la ptolemie_n meldai_n and_o a_o inscription_n engrave_v on_o a_o ancient_a stone_n meldi_n strabo_n precise_o make_v they_o and_o the_o leuxovians_n to_o be_v the_o parokeanitae_n which_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o country_n where_o there_o be_v now_o the_o town_n meaulx_n near_o the_o river_n matrona_n the_o senones_n which_o be_v celebrate_v by_o caesar_n pliny_n and_o other_o ptolemy_n call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n and_o place_v they_o in_o gallia_n lugdunensis_n strabo_n think_v that_o there_o be_v other_o senones_n near_o to_o the_o nerviais_n towards_o the_o west_n the_o former_a of_o they_o do_v make_v those_o horrible_a incursion_n into_o italy_n so_o much_o speak_v of_o and_o they_o do_v moreover_o wage_v a_o most_o fierce_a war_n against_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o year_n from_o the_o build_n of_o the_o city_n 364._o which_o they_o call_v the_o senonick_a french_a war_n their_o captain_n be_v brannus_n a_o nobleman_n of_o france_n after_o the_o fight_n or_o battle_n they_o enter_v the_o city_n of_o allia_n and_o there_o have_v slay_v all_o they_o meet_v and_o waste_v all_o with_o fire_n they_o besiege_v for_o many_o month_n the_o capital_a into_o which_o the_o roman_a youth_n have_v flee_v for_o their_o safeguard_n but_o at_o last_o have_v make_v a_o peace_n with_o they_o for_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n contrary_a to_o faith_n and_o promise_n they_o be_v partly_o slay_v and_o partly_o put_v to_o flight_n by_o m._n furius_n camillus_n the_o dictator_n who_o enter_v the_o city_n with_o a_o army_n all_o these_o thing_n livy_n lib._n 5._o florus_n lib._n 1._o cap_n 13._o and_o many_o other_o writer_n do_v delineate_v in_o their_o proper_a colour_n campania_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o county_n and_o be_v once_o the_o inheritance_n of_o eudo_fw-la nephew_n to_o gerlo_n the_o norman_a by_o his_o son_n theobaldus_fw-la government_n this_o gerlo_n be_v he_o that_o accompany_v into_o france_n rudulphus_fw-la or_o rollo_n the_o norman_a to_o who_o charles_n the_o simple_n grant_v neustria_n which_o be_v afterward_o call_v normandy_n after_o eudo_fw-la there_o succeed_v in_o a_o right_a line_n stephen_n theobaldus_fw-la the_o 2._o who_o son_n theobaldus_fw-la the_o three_o die_v without_o issue_n there_o succeed_v he_o his_o cousin_n germane_a henry_n surname_v the_o large_a the_o son_n of_o stephen_n king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v brother_n to_o theobaldus_fw-la the_o second_o henry_n have_v a_o son_n who_o be_v earl_n of_o campania_n and_o the_o other_o territory_n but_o he_o die_v without_o issue_n his_o brother_n theobaldus_fw-la invade_v the_o county_n and_o write_v himself_o count_n palatine_n of_o campania_n this_o theobaldus_fw-la be_v afterward_o make_v king_n of_o navarre_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o grandfather_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n bring_v the_o county_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o leave_v henry_n his_o successor_n both_o in_o campania_n and_o in_o that_o kingdom_n last_o joane_n daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o this_o henry_n be_v marry_v to_o philip_n the_o fair_a king_n of_o france_n campania_n and_o the_o other_o province_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n from_o which_o they_o be_v never_o after_o separate_v campania_n as_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v be_v usual_o now_o describe_v both_o by_o itself_o and_o with_o the_o principality_n adjacent_a and_o lie_v round_o about_o it_o as_o it_o be_v consider_v proper_o and_o by_o itself_o it_o be_v twofold_a the_o low_a and_o the_o high_a in_o the_o low_a be_v tricassium_fw-la and_o the_o territory_n which_o be_v common_o call_v ivigny_n â—assgâ—y_n and_o vallage_n modern_a writer_n do_v call_v that_o tricassium_fw-la which_o be_v now_o call_v 〈◊〉_d thâ—se_o who_o be_v heretofore_o earl_n of_o campania_n from_o this_o city_n be_v call_v earl_n of_o tricassium_fw-la it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o fair_a city_n in_o this_o kingdom_n the_o latitude_n thereof_o be_v 47._o degree_n and_o some_o few_o minute_n towards_o the_o north._n it_o be_v a_o bishop_n seat_n and_o bellesâ—â—rrâ—tius_n reckon_v 83._o bishop_n thereof_o among_o these_o be_v that_o famous_a luâ—â—â—_n who_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n praise_v for_o his_o virtue_n lib._n 6._o ep._n 1.4_o 〈◊〉_d 9_o as_o also_o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la in_o marciano_n bede_n lib._n 1._o histor_n cap._n 17._o and_o other_o this_o city_n have_v a_o large_a jurisdiction_n and_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o precedent_n of_o counsellor_n of_o judge_n and_o other_o of_o the_o king_n officer_n the_o town_n have_v reference_n to_o it_o namely_o bar_n sur_fw-fr seine_n city_n mussil_n â—â—â—tique_a la_fw-fr ferté_fw-fr sur_fw-fr auge_n nâ—gent_n pent_n sur_fw-fr seine_n fruille_n chastel_n and_o s._n florentin_n be_v all_o town_n of_o campania_n the_o territory_n of_o ivigny_n separate_v campania_n from_o burgundy_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o be_v ivigny_n which_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bayliwick_n of_o tricassium_fw-la bassigny_n be_v so_o name_v because_o it_o be_v the_o better_a part_n of_o lower_n campania_n as_o we_o have_v before_o declare_v the_o metropolis_n thereof_o be_v name_v from_o the_o bald_a mountain_n which_o ivonus_n mention_v ep._n 105_o common_o call_v chaumâ—nt_n on_o bassâ—gny_n it_o have_v a_o ancient_a castle_n seat_v on_o a_o rock_n and_o well_o fortify_v the_o tower_n on_o the_o west_n side_n whereof_o be_v call_v in_o french_a donyon_n and_o la_n halt_v fueille_fw-fr this_o castle_n the_o earl_n of_o campania_n do_v heretofore_o make_v their_o palace_n no_o river_n run_v by_o it_o nor_o afford_v water_n unto_o it_o but_o that_o which_o cistern_n do_v yield_v and_o a_o fountain_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o tower_n there_o be_v also_o in_o bassigny_n the_o town_n of_o montigny_n goâ—ssy_n nâ—gent_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr monteclar_n andelot_n bisnay_n châ—iseul_n visnorry_a and_o clismont_n be_v all_o strong_a town_n and_o the_o most_o of_o they_o well_o fortify_v with_o castle_n beside_o andomatunum_n lingonum_n common_o call_v langres_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o a_o other_o place_n the_o territory_n of_o vallage_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o valley_n in_o it_o which_o be_v both_o fair_a and_o fruitful_a the_o town_n of_o chief_a note_n in_o vallage_n be_v first_o vasscium_fw-la or_o vassy_a near_a blois_n in_o the_o country_n of_o guise_n francis_n duke_n of_o guise_n come_v hither_o in_o the_o year_n 1562._o be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o vasseian_a massacre_n mention_v by_o the_o french_a historiagrapher_n wherein_o many_o that_o profess_v the_o reform_a religion_n be_v slay_v on_o the_o kalend_n of_o march_n not_o far_o from_o thence_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o earth_n find_v of_o which_o bâ—le_a armenack_n be_v make_v the_o second_o town_n of_o not_o be_v s._n dâ—â—â—re_o or_o deduâ—â—_n which_o be_v take_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o and_o afterward_o a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v be_v restore_v again_o to_o the_o french_a it_o have_v a_o strong_a castle_n the_o three_o be_v the_o town_n of_o janâ—â—â—ille_n or_o as_o some_o write_n be_v â—oâ—â—t_fw-fr ville_fw-fr which_o some_o do_v fabulous_o report_n be_v so_o call_v from_o janus_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o guise_n pry_v so_o call_v from_o a_o town_n common_o name_v brye_n or_o bray_v count_n robert_n be_v reckon_v by_o some_o with_o campania_n the_o country_n of_o brye_n although_o it_o be_v heretofore_o and_o also_o now_o be_v very_o woody_a yet_o in_o fertility_n and_o fruitfulness_n it_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o any_o part_n of_o campania_n for_o it_o have_v a_o clear_a sky_n and_o a_o sweet_a and_o temperate_a air_n it_o be_v water_v with_o great_a wholesome_a
into_o the_o haven_n edward_n the_o five_o king_n of_o england_n take_v it_o the_o day_n before_o the_o nones_n of_o august_n 11._o month_n after_o that_o cruel_a battle_n fight_v against_o philip_n the_o six_o king_n of_o france_n near_o to_o cressy_a in_o the_o year_n 1347._o which_o paulus_n aemilius_n lib._n 9_o lively_a delineat_v the_o english_a do_v possess_v it_o 211._o year_n for_o philippus_n bonus_n a_o burgundian_n do_v in_o vain_a besiege_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1431._o his_o flandrian_o forsake_v he_o and_o do_v keep_v it_o as_o the_o english_a be_v wont_a to_o say_v as_o the_o key_n of_o france_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n afterward_o take_v it_o and_o the_o frenchman_n regain_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1558._o in_o the_o month_n of_o february_n in_o the_o midway_n between_o calis_n and_o bononia_n towards_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v teroane_n which_o still_o retain_v that_o name_n although_o charles_n the_o five_o pass_v it_o and_o call_v it_o terrennerbereâ—_n antenâ—â—â—â—_n name_v it_o tervanna_n or_o tarvenna_n the_o itinerary_a table_n tervanna_n and_o ptolemy_n tarvanna_n bovillus_fw-la affirm_v that_o some_o do_v call_v it_o tarubaâ—um_n tâ—â—themius_n in_o his_o history_n of_o france_n mention_v the_o terrabaniaâ—â—_n boulongne·_a bolonia_n some_o call_v it_o tervana_n as_o it_o be_v terra-vana_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o meanness_n of_o the_o territory_n in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o province_n where_o the_o city_n of_o belgia_n be_v reckon_v up_o it_o be_v call_v the_o city_n of_o the_o morinneans_n that_o be_v l'_fw-fr evesché_n de_fw-fr teroane_n in_o the_o inscription_n of_o a_o ancient_a stone_n which_o in_o former_a time_n be_v find_v in_o gilderland_n it_o be_v call_v the_o morineans_n colony_n the_o territory_n of_o oyana_n or_o terre_fw-fr de_fw-fr oye_fw-fr do_v reach_v even_o to_o dunkirk_n a_o town_n of_o flanders_n there_o be_v also_o beside_o oya_n some_o other_o small_a to_n river_n i_o return_v now_o to_o boulogne_n which_o be_v water_v with_o stream_n and_o rivulet_n which_o run_v by_o the_o town_n arque_fw-la and_o s._n audomare_n do_v come_v to_o gravel_v not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v the_o bay_n of_o scale_n flow_v even_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o ardera_n there_o be_v also_o two_o other_o rivulet_n namely_o one_o in_o marquisia_n the_o other_o in_o bolonia_n there_o be_v also_o the_o river_n hantia_n or_o hesdin_n which_o do_v impart_v his_o name_n to_o the_o town_n hesdin_n there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o country_n the_o moorish_a stream_n of_o the_o pontinians_n and_o the_o river_n cauchia_n some_o of_o these_o river_n do_v make_v lake_n and_o fish-pit_n which_o be_v full_a of_o fish_n and_o be_v denominate_v from_o the_o neighbour_a town_n as_o those_o which_o they_o call_v in_o french_a le_fw-fr vivier_n d'_fw-fr hames_n d'_fw-fr andre_n d'_fw-fr arbres_fw-fr all_o this_o country_n towards_o the_o sea_n be_v environ_v with_o sundry_a hill_n and_o in_o the_o inner_a part_n thereof_o there_o be_v those_o hill_n which_o they_o call_v in_o french_a les_fw-fr mons_fw-la de_fw-fr s._n ingelvert_n and_o les_fw-fr mons_fw-la de_fw-fr neuf_fw-fr castel_n and_o dannes_n all_o the_o country_n be_v interlace_v with_o many_o wood_n as_o the_o wood_n les_fw-fr bois_n de_fw-fr surene_n cell_n etc._n etc._n the_o inhabitant_n be_v account_v to_o be_v froward_a and_o too_o much_o conceit_v of_o themselves_o aniov_v the_o dukedom_n of_o andegavia_n the_o dukedom_n of_o anjou_n contain_v county_n baronnies_n and_o signory_n as_o câ—aon_n 1856._o 4743_o etc._n etc._n which_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v out_o nor_o can_v distinguish_v these_o four_o county_n maine_n vendosme_n beaufort_n and_o la_fw-fr val_n do_v hold_v of_o it_o by_o homage_n and_o fealty_n the_o jurisdiction_n the_o praesidiall_a seat_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v angiers_n under_o which_o be_v these_o particular_a juridical_a seat_n angiers_n samur_n bauge_n 1945._o 4725._o and_o beaufort_n en_fw-fr valleé_fw-fr 1940._o 4716._o the_o state_n ecclesiastic_a angiers_n have_v one_o bishop_n of_o andegauja_n who_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o turone_n the_o meridian_n be_v place_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o 47._o and_o 15._o parallel_n to_o the_o great_a circle_n the_o dukedom_n of_o anjou_n the_o dukedom_n of_o anjou_n follow_v in_o our_o method_n or_o la_fw-fr ducké_n d'_fw-fr anjou_n c._n caesar_n call_v the_o people_n of_o this_o province_n andes_n and_o pliny_n name_v they_o andegavi_n it_o begin_v at_o the_o village_n town_n chousay_n and_o end_v between_o moncontour_n and_o herrant_n situation_n where_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o pict_n begin_v lie_v south_n of_o it_o on_o the_o east_n the_o turonian_n and_o vindocinians_n do_v border_n on_o it_o on_o the_o north_n the_o county_n common_o call_v maine_n and_o lâ—_n val_n and_o last_o on_o the_o west_n it_o join_v to_o britain_n the_o country_n be_v more_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a than_o large_a have_v every_o where_o hill_n plant_v with_o vine_n and_o valley_n crown_v with_o green_a wood_n flourish_a meadow_n &_o excellent_a pasture_n for_o cattle_n here_o be_v good_a white_a wine_n common_o call_v vins_n d'_fw-fr anjou_n in_o brief_a this_o country_n do_v afford_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o life_n in_o some_o part_n also_o of_o this_o province_n they_o dig_v forth_o those_o blue_a kind_n of_o stone_n with_o which_o be_v cleave_v in_o piece_n they_o do_v slate_n their_o church_n and_o house_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o weather_n and_o in_o french_a they_o call_v they_o ardoise_n king_n iâ—ecâ—â—us_o after_o the_o earl_n paul_n be_v slay_v get_v the_o city_n of_o indegâ—â—â—a_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o posterity_n who_o be_v king_n of_o france_n among_o who_o carolus_n calvus_n give_v the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o province_n to_o jorquatus_n retain_v still_o the_o royalty_n thereof_o to_o himself_o and_o the_o low_a part_n to_o eudâ—â—_n earl_n of_o paris_n who_o nephew_n hugo_n magnus_fw-la by_o his_o brother_n rupert_n earl_n of_o andegavia_n and_o duke_n of_o celtica_n give_v it_o to_o fulco_n the_o nephew_n of_o jorquatuâ—_n after_o fulco_n there_o succeed_v in_o order_n fulco_n the_o 2._o and_o gotefridus_fw-la common_o call_v grisgonella_n fulco_n the_o 3._o gotâ—fridus_n the_o 2._o fulco_n the_o 4._o fulco_n the_o 5._o who_o be_v king_n of_o jerusalem_n after_o baldwin_n who_o daughter_n he_o be_v a_o widower_n have_v marry_v and_o last_o godfridus_n barvatus_n the_o 6._o who_o be_v marry_v to_o machtildis_n the_o daughter_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n his_o son_n be_v henry_n who_o be_v the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n of_o that_o name_n and_o gotefridus_fw-la the_o six_o and_o william_n be_v earl_n of_o anjou_n who_o when_o their_o brother_n the_o king_n have_v overcome_v by_o war_n and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o their_o country_n his_o elder_a son_n do_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o gotefridus_fw-la the_o 8._o in_o the_o county_n of_o anjou_n the_o uncle_n â—ohn_n king_n of_o england_n do_v wage_v war_n against_o the_o earl_n arthur_n the_o son_n of_o gotefrid_n and_o duke_n of_o bâ—ittaine_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n arthur_n have_v now_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o philip_n augustus_n king_n of_o france_n for_o his_o principality_n which_o he_o have_v of_o he_o by_o who_o instigation_n leave_v to_o take_v away_o picardy_n from_o his_o uncle_n the_o king_n and_o have_v pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n and_o ligoris_n the_o king_n come_v upon_o he_o on_o a_o sudden_a take_v he_o prisoner_n and_o bring_v he_o to_o â—otomagum_fw-la where_o not_o long_o after_o he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n the_o mother_n of_o arthur_n constantia_n by_o name_n the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o conan_n prince_n of_o britain_n do_v accuse_v king_n john_n of_o parricide_n before_o the_o king_n of_o france_n aforesaid_a who_o be_v summon_v and_o not_o appear_v the_o pear_n of_o france_n do_v condemn_v he_o of_o parricide_n and_o those_o province_n which_o he_o have_v in_o france_n they_o confiscate_v to_o the_o king_n which_o sentence_n the_o king_n execute_v he_o take_v anjou_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o leave_v iâ—_n to_o his_o son_n ludovick_n the_o 8_o king_n of_o france_n after_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n ludovick_n the_o 9_o surname_v the_o holy_a who_o grant_v this_o province_n to_o his_o brother_n charles_n by_o right_a after_o he_o follow_v charles_n the_o 2._o who_o marry_v hâ—s_a daughter_n clemeâ—tia_fw-la to_o charles_n valesius_fw-la he_o give_v this_o province_n with_o she_o for_o her_o dowry_n after_o who_o succeed_v philip_n valesius_fw-la the_o son_n and_o after_o he_o his_o nephew_n john_n who_o give_v the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o country_n which_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o dukedom_n in_o the_o year_n 1350._o to_o his_o son_n ludovick_n after_o he_o there_o follow_v in_o a_o
direct_a line_n ludovick_n the_o 2._o and_o ludovick_n the_o 3._o who_o die_v without_o a_o heir_n the_o principality_n come_v to_o his_o brother_n renatus_n he_o have_v no_o issue_n live_v make_v charles_n his_o brother_n son_n his_o heir_n and_o he_o make_v king_n ludovick_n the_o 11._o his_o heir_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o continue_v so_o unite_v until_o francis_n the_o first_o give_v the_o revenue_n thereof_o to_o his_o mother_n aloisia_n â—abande_n king_n charles_n the_o 9_o give_v it_o to_o his_o brother_n henry_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o polonia_n and_o france_n the_o metropolis_n or_o mother_n city_n of_o the_o dukedom_n be_v andegavum_n paulus_n diacorus_fw-la call_v it_o the_o city_n of_o audegavia_n it_o be_v common_o call_v angiers_n ptolemy_n call_v it_o juliomagus_n andicavarum_n it_o be_v seat_v the_o dukedom_n of_o janiov_v anjou_n on_o both_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n maine_n which_o have_v a_o stone_n bridge_n over_o it_o it_o be_v well_o govern_v have_v a_o bishop_n a_o marshal_n and_o a_o bailie_n and_o a_o precedent_n it_o have_v a_o famous_a university_n institute_v by_o ludovick_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o anjou_n in_o the_o year_n 1389._o francis_n baldwine_n be_v call_v thither_o who_o profess_v the_o law_n there_o this_o dukedom_n have_v many_o fair_a town_n some_o whereof_z be_v big_a than_o other_o i_o will_v reckon_v some_o town_n according_a as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o french_a as_o namely_o samur_fw-la near_o liguris_fw-la with_o a_o castle_n also_o montrencau_n bauge_n beaufort_n brissac_n monstreul-belay_a malevurior_a ghantoceau_n viliers_n duretail_n la_o plesche_n chasteau-gonty_a segre_n in_o this_o province_n there_o be_v many_o lake_n and_o rivulet_n and_o above_o 40._o rivers_n there_o be_v also_o great_a fish-pit_n and_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o fountain_n the_o chief_a river_n be_v lagure_n loire_n vigenna_n call_v la_o vienne_n viane_n and_o vignane_fw-la meduana_n now_o call_v main_n sarta_n common_o call_v sartra_fw-la and_o lorius_n beyond_o the_o city_n of_o andegavum_n there_o be_v some_o ancient_a ruin_n which_o be_v common_o call_v grohan_n here_o they_o say_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v heretofore_o build_v a_o theatre_n and_o some_o of_o the_o wall_n do_v yet_o remain_v and_o great_a store_n of_o old_a coin_n be_v dig_v forth_o beside_o other_o county_n baronnies_n and_o signiory_n these_o four_o county_n do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o this_o dukedom_n maine_n maine_n vendosme_n beaufort_n and_o la_fw-fr val_n of_o which_o we_o will_v entreat_v in_o order_n the_o county_n of_o maine_n common_o call_v conté_fw-fr de_fw-fr maine_n be_v the_o first_o in_o ptolemy_n time_n the_o cenomanians_n do_v inhabit_v this_o country_n and_o the_o province_n of_o the_o cenomanians_n be_v inhabit_v as_o soon_o as_o any_o other_o part_n of_o france_n the_o bound_n thereof_o be_v heretofore_o long_o than_o they_o be_v now_o which_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o that_o which_o livy_n polybius_n and_o justine_n have_v deliver_v concern_v the_o irruption_n of_o the_o cemonians_n into_o italy_n soil_n one_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v fruitful_a the_o other_o barren_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n live_v more_o by_o hunt_a flesh_n than_o by_o bread_n or_o wine_n which_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o altogether_o want_v for_o some_o part_n of_o this_o province_n be_v so_o fruitful_a that_o neither_o andegavia_n nor_o tutonia_n can_v excel_v it_o for_o good_a wine_n or_o fruit_n the_o soil_n be_v full_a of_o herbage_n and_o fit_a for_o pasture_v of_o cattle_n government_n but_o we_o read_v that_o this_o province_n be_v comprehend_v under_o aquitania_n be_v sometime_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o aquitania_n until_o the_o king_n of_o france_n ludoviâ—k_v the_o 9_o and_o henryâ—he_v â—he_z 3._o king_n of_o england_n do_v agree_v that_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o aquitania_n which_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o river_n caranton_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n shall_v for_o ever_o belong_v to_o normandy_n and_o to_o the_o country_n of_o the_o cenomanians_n and_o andegavians_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o 1500._o crown_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v unto_o he_o john_n king_n of_o france_n give_v andium_fw-la and_o the_o county_n of_o the_o cenomanians_n to_o his_o second_o son_n ludovick_n the_o letter_n patent_n of_o this_o donation_n or_o gift_n date_v 1360._o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o king_n roll_n after_o ludovick_n there_o succeed_v ludovick_n the_o second_o his_o son_n and_o ludovick_n the_o three_o his_o nephew_n these_o three_o be_v king_n of_o naples_n ludovick_n the_o three_o die_v without_o issue_n his_o brother_n renatus_n succeed_v after_o he_o who_o jeane_a queen_n of_o naples_n the_o second_o of_o that_o name_n do_v make_v her_o heir_n both_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o of_o the_o county_n of_o province_n renatus_n have_v by_o isabeâ—l_n the_o daughter_n of_o charles_n the_o bold_a his_o son_n john_n duke_n of_o calabria_n who_o die_v before_o his_o father_n renatus_n this_o john_n have_v by_o mary_n the_o daughter_n of_o chaâ—â—â—_n duke_n of_o purbor_n nicolas_n duke_n of_o calabria_n and_o marquesse_n of_o ponâ—unâ—_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n his_o grandfather_n renatus_n yet_o live_v renâ—â—â—_n will_v not_o resign_v his_o righâ—_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o the_o county_n of_o promerit_n to_o his_o nephew_n renatus_n but_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o brother_n charles_n earl_n of_o the_o cenomanians_n who_o die_v a_o little_a after_o do_v institute_v and_o make_v ludovick_n the_o 11._o his_o heir_n in_o former_a time_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o city_n of_o the_o cenomanians_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n but_o the_o city_n maena_n or_o maine_n with_o the_o marquiship_n be_v now_o make_v a_o dukedom_n acknowledge_v the_o guise_n to_o be_v lord_n thereof_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v by_o the_o river_n sartra_fw-la common_o call_v le_fw-fr man_n at_o the_o first_o it_o be_v a_o bayliwick_n and_o after_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n it_o have_v a_o precedent_n and_o divers_a town_n do_v bring_v their_o appeal_n and_o suit_n hither_o the_o dukedom_n of_o vendâ—sme_n or_o the_o putâ—he_n de_fw-fr vendâ—sme_n begin_v at_o baugenciaâ—um_n which_o be_v the_o bound_n between_o the_o two_o belsia_n which_o be_v call_v solâ—nia_n and_o vindocina_n which_o stretch_v out_o far_o and_o wide_o even_o to_o the_o saâ—tones_n it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o town_n vindocinum_n common_o call_v vendosme_n that_o which_o ptolemy_n call_v ovindikon_v for_o so_o it_o be_v read_v be_v a_o city_n of_o the_o aulercian_n cenomanians_n in_o gallia_n lugdunensis_n we_o do_v affirm_v nothing_o for_o that_o ovinatken_n be_v perhaps_o the_o town_n which_o be_v now_o call_v le_fw-fr maâ—s_n which_o be_v scaligâ—rs_n opinion_n also_o the_o earl_n of_o vendâ—sme_n be_v descend_v from_o from_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o bourbon_n we_o read_v that_o the_o first_o earl_n hereof_o be_v ludovick_n barbonius_n the_o son_n of_o john_n earl_n of_o marc_n and_o clermont_n after_o who_o there_o succeed_v lineal_o john_n his_o son_n and_o franciâ—_n and_o charles_n his_o nephew_n who_o francis_n the_o first_o king_n of_o france_n do_v create_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o vendosme_n charles_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n antony_n who_o be_v duke_n of_o vendosme_n a_o peer_n of_o france_n and_o in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n jeane_a albreta_n king_n of_o navarre_n of_o who_o come_v henry_n buâ—bon_n the_o four_o king_n of_o france_n of_o that_o name_n and_o the_o most_o potent_a king_n of_o navarre_n prince_z of_o bearne_v duke_n of_o vendosme_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v also_o beaufort_n and_o la_fw-fr val._n the_o dukedom_n of_o bituricum_fw-la the_o dukedom_n of_o bituricum_fw-la or_o le_fw-fr duché_n de_fw-fr berry_n which_o follow_v in_o our_o method_n on_o the_o north_n look_v towards_o solonia_n the_o low_a part_n of_o belsia_n from_o which_o it_o be_v part_v by_o the_o flow_a stream_n of_o caru_n situation_n on_o the_o east_n it_o look_v towards_o the_o hurepensians_n nivernensians_n and_o borbontans_n be_v bounderd_v here_o with_o a_o little_a rivalet_fw-la call_v la_fw-fr fay_n on_o the_o south_n be_v lemovicum_fw-la where_o the_o river_n croure_n flow_v on_o the_o west_n be_v the_o pict_n and_o turonian_n from_o who_o it_o be_v part_v by_o a_o little_a river_n common_o call_v clery_n fertility_n it_o be_v fruitful_a in_o corn_n wine_n and_o other_o thing_n necessary_a for_o man_n life_n it_o chief_o abound_v with_o cattle_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v disperse_v through_o all_o france_n here_o the_o biturigians_n be_v seat_v former_o who_o as_o strabo_n ptolemie_n and_o other_o do_v write_v be_v call_v cubi_n for_o the_o biturigians_n a_o people_n of_o france_n be_v heretofore_o twofold_a
the_o delphinate_a after_o this_o the_o province_n of_o the_o delphinate_a become_v subject_a to_o province_n who_o rule_v it_o until_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n valerius_n king_n of_o france_n who_o annex_v it_o to_o his_o crown_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1348._o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o humbert_n delphine_n of_o vienna_n have_v lose_v his_o elder_a son_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o cressey_n and_o his_o young_a son_n die_v by_o sickness_n when_o he_o be_v provoke_v to_o war_n and_o set_v upon_o by_o amades_n the_o 6._o of_o that_o name_n he_o determine_v to_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o king_n protection_n and_o to_o leave_v he_o heir_n to_o his_o dominion_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o from_o thenceforth_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n during_o their_o father_n life_n time_n shall_v bear_v the_o arm_n and_o title_n of_o the_o delphinate_a and_o so_o this_o country_n come_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n who_o think_v fit_a to_o annex_v so_o noble_a a_o prince_n neighbour_a on_o italy_n for_o ever_o to_o his_o kingdom_n the_o delphinate_a therefore_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a country_n of_o france_n be_v divide_v as_o i_o say_v before_o into_o the_o high_a and_o low_a part_n and_o have_v many_o fair_a city_n and_o town_n in_o it_o in_o the_o high_a there_o be_v ebrodunum_n which_o have_v a_o prelate_n also_o valence_n dium_n and_o s._n paul_n church_n in_o the_o low_a be_v vienna_n which_o be_v former_o the_o metropolis_n and_o mother_n city_n of_o the_o whole_a delphinate_a which_o be_v now_o gratianopolis_n there_o be_v also_o romanium_n brianconium_fw-la mons-limartium_a upon_o rhodanus_n a_o town_n much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n where_o there_o be_v also_o many_o monument_n of_o antiquity_n also_o s._n antony_n church_n valerian_o church_n and_o the_o monastery_n gratianopolis_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o emperor_n gratian_n who_o re-edify_v it_o and_o beautify_v it_o with_o many_o building_n now_o it_o have_v a_o parliament_n and_o a_o precedent_n with_o senator_n and_o other_o officer_n belong_v thereunto_o and_o it_o have_v a_o prelate_n who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o province_n under_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o vienna_n but_o vienna_n venerable_a for_o antiquity_n have_v a_o long_a time_n have_v a_o metropolitan_a bishop_n valence_n be_v convert_v and_o raise_v to_o a_o dukedom_n and_o have_v a_o bishop_n and_o a_o university_n in_o which_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v read_v and_o declare_v in_o which_o james_n cuyacius_n teach_v who_o be_v the_o prince_n of_o all_o those_o lawyer_n which_o flourish_v in_o former_a time_n who_o name_n shall_v live_v as_o long_o as_o law_n continue_v in_o the_o world_n here_o be_v find_v roman_a inscription_n and_o other_o ancient_a roman_a monument_n king_n francis_n intend_v to_o have_v new_o fortify_v gratianopolis_n against_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n but_o he_o leave_v it_o undo_v the_o delphinate_a of_o france_z dauphine_n par_fw-fr jean_n de_fw-mi bein_z the_o dukedom_n of_o lotharingia_n the_o southern_a part_n whereof_o be_v paint_v forth_o in_o this_o table_n call_v after_o pictavia_n according_a to_o my_o method_n the_o dukedom_n of_o lothariâ—gia_n follow_v lothoringia_n according_a to_o the_o latin_n be_v so_o call_v from_o lotarius_n the_o son_n or_o nephew_n of_o the_o emperor_n ludovick_n king_n of_o france_n true_o ludovick_n pius_n have_v four_o son_n who_o war_a like_o parricide_n against_o their_o father_n &_o have_v shut_v he_o up_o into_o a_o monastery_n among_o the_o suesâ—ons_n they_o divide_v his_o principality_n among_o themselves_o &_o so_o make_v it_o a_o tetrarchie_n afterward_o by_o the_o meditation_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o matter_n come_v to_o that_o pass_n that_o lotarâ—us_o the_o elder_a son_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o title_n of_o the_o empire_n with_o italy_n gallia_n narbâ—nensis_n and_o those_o territory_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o lotharingia_n and_o that_o ludovick_n shall_v possess_v germany_n charles_n shall_v have_v france_n from_o the_o river_n mosa_n to_o the_o ocean_n and_o last_o pippin_n or_o his_o son_n shall_v have_v aquitaine_n lotarius_n have_v beside_o ludovick_n who_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o empire_n a_o son_n name_v lotarius_n king_n of_o lotaringia_n and_o as_o the_o german_n as_o first_o call_v it_o lotar-rijck_a or_o lot-reych_a that_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o lotarius_n so_o the_o latin_n afterward_o call_v it_o lâ—tharingia_n the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o other_o french_a do_v call_v it_o lorraine_n as_o it_o be_v lotregne_n lottr_a the_o french_a writer_n do_v report_n that_o the_o bound_n of_o lotaringia_n be_v heretofore_o large_a and_o that_o it_o be_v heretofore_o call_v austrasia_n or_o austria_n or_o oost-reych_a have_v westrasia_n or_o westria_n now_o call_v west-reych_a and_o corrupt_o neustria_n a_o western_a kingdom_n lie_v over_o against_o it_o and_o that_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o high_a and_o the_o low_a and_o contain_v between_o the_o river_n rhine_n scaldis_n and_o mosa_n the_o low_a part_n have_v divers_a name_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o divers_a prince_n and_o that_o the_o high_a part_n which_o be_v call_v mossellanica_n and_o tullingia_n be_v all_o except_o some_o part_n thereof_o under_o one_o command_n so_o that_o on_o the_o east_n of_o lotaringia_n there_o lie_v alsatia_n situation_n and_o westrasia_n on_o the_o south_n burgundy_n on_o the_o west_n campania_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o wood_n arduenna_n the_o leuceburgians_n treverian_n and_o other_o people_n border_v thereon_o which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o lotharingia_n lotaringia_n although_o it_o be_v full_a of_o high_a mountain_n and_o thick_a wood_n yet_o it_o need_v not_o the_o supply_n of_o foreign_a country_n fruitfulness_n for_o it_o have_v good_a store_n of_o corn_n and_o wine_n it_o have_v divers_a kind_n of_o metal_n as_o silver_n brass_n iron_n tin_n and_o lead_v it_o have_v also_o pearl_n for_o which_o there_o the_o dukedom_n of_o lothoringia_n lotharingia_n be_v excellent_a fish_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o vâ—gesus_n there_o be_v also_o certain_a stone_n find_v which_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o â—â—lac_a colour_n do_v call_v lazuli_n and_o do_v make_v great_a benefit_n of_o they_o there_o be_v also_o a_o certain_a substance_n of_o which_o they_o make_v looking-glass_n the_o like_a whereof_o be_v not_o find_v in_o other_o province_n of_o â—urâ—â—â—_n here_o be_v also_o calâ—iâ—â—nes_v of_o great_a bigness_n so_o that_o great_a cup_n be_v make_v of_o small_a piece_n thereof_o it_o produce_v divers_a kind_n of_o live_a creature_n government_n especial_o excellent_a horse_n like_v to_o neapolitan_a and_o turkish_a horse_n lotaringia_n be_v heretofore_o a_o kingdom_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o french_a writer_n but_o there_o be_v not_o mention_v above_o two_o or_o three_o king_n thereof_o for_o câ—arâ—â—s_v the_o bald_a present_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o his_o uncle_n lotarius_n invade_v his_o territory_n and_o join_v they_o to_o his_o principality_n and_o not_o long_o after_o it_o be_v make_v a_o dukedom_n the_o first_o duke_n be_v scattr_o mention_v by_o historian_n and_o divers_a writer_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o 4._o â—â—tâ—fridus_fw-la hold_v lotariâ—gia_fw-la he_o who_o afterward_o have_v sell_v his_o dukedom_n â—â—uâ—â—gnâ—_n together_o with_o his_o brother_n baldwin_n and_o eustathius_n make_v a_o memorable_a expedition_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o carry_v his_o conquer_a army_n through_o asia_n and_o syria_n even_o to_o the_o city_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o be_v create_v king_n of_o jerusalem_n after_o he_o succeed_v baldwin_n and_o after_o baldwin_n eustathius_n afterward_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o give_v the_o dukedom_n to_o william_n earl_n of_o â—â—vaniâ—_n after_o who_o theodore_n theoâ—â—â—â—_n frederick_n &_o other_o be_v create_v prince_n of_o lotariâ—gia_n who_o from_o the_o â—â—â—â—edome_n be_v pass_v to_o frederick_n earl_n of_o vadimomium_n from_o who_o the_o duke_n of_o lotaringia_n be_v descend_v mercator_n do_v plain_o dâ—scrâ—be_n be_v it_o in_o two_o table_n in_o one_o whereof_o he_o paint_v out_o the_o northern_a part_n in_o the_o other_o the_o southern_a part_n heretofore_o the_o medâ—â—maâ—â—ices_n and_o leuâ—â—_n do_v inhabit_v lâ—taringia_n lib._n 4._o tacitus_n pliny_n strabâ—_n and_o ptolemy_n do_v call_v they_o medâ—â—maâ—â—ices_n and_o caesar_n also_o lib._n â—_o call_v they_o medâ—â—matriâ—â—_n who_o metropolis_n be_v call_v dâ—vodurum_n and_o â—ow_o mâ—tz_n in_o the_o register_n book_n of_o the_o province_n of_o belgia_n it_o be_v call_v â—uâ—â—as_v medâ—â—â—aâ—riâ—um_n or_o le_fw-fr evesâ—he_fw-fr de_fw-fr metz_n le_fw-fr pays_n mâ—ssin_n caeâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d lu._n a_o lib._n 1._o and_o pliâ—y_n do_v call_v the_o leuâ—tâ—â—beri_fw-la ptolemy_n also_o call_v they_o leuâ—â—_n and_o make_v their_o metropolis_n to_o be_v â—uâ—â—um_n and_o so_o 〈◊〉_d call_v in_o the_o register_n book_n of_o the_o province_n of_o belgia_n civitas_n
eberhard_n earl_n of_o wirtemberg_n a_o duke_n duke_n eberhard_n the_o second_o continue_v but_o two_o year_n in_o his_o dukedom_n but_o have_v melt_v his_o gold_n and_o silver_n plate_n he_o flee_v first_o to_o vlma_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o prince_n palatine_n and_o die_v without_o issue_n after_o that_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n create_v eberhard_n the_o nephew_n of_o eberhard_n duke_n of_o wirtemberg_n but_o he_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o country_n in_o the_o year_n 1519_o by_o the_o swedlander_n christopher_n succeed_v his_o father_n vlricke_n and_o ludovicke_n his_o son_n succeed_v after_o christopher_n and_o ludovicke_n be_v succeed_v by_o frederick_n the_o son_n of_o george_n earl_n of_o mount_n vellicard_n the_o intcurgians_n be_v former_o seat_v here_o but_o rhenanus_fw-la call_v they_o the_o vuithungians_n this_o dukedom_n be_v as_o it_o be_v circular_a and_o round_a city_n and_o do_v contain_v many_o city_n and_o town_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v tubinga_n &_o stutgardia_n tubinga_fw-mi be_v common_o call_v tubingen_n which_o be_v situate_a near_o the_o river_n neccarus_n be_v a_o very_a neat_a city_n have_v store_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v transport_v to_o swethland_n and_o it_o have_v a_o stone_n bridge_n over_o the_o river_n neccarus_n it_o have_v also_o a_o castle_n and_o a_o hill_n plant_v with_o vine_n a_o college_n of_o cannon_n and_o a_o university_n in_o this_o city_n beside_o john_n stoffler_n and_o other_o leonard_n fuchsius_n do_v profess_v physic_n and_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o learned_a martin_n crusius_n be_v the_o rhetoric_n professor_n in_o the_o same_o academy_n it_o be_v institute_v by_o eberhard_n earl_n of_o wirtemberg_n who_o maximilian_n as_o we_o say_v before_o create_v a_o duke_n in_o the_o year_n 1477._o john_n herold_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o german_a antiquity_n show_v by_o a_o inscription_n engrave_v there_o that_o augustus_n have_v a_o mansion_n house_n at_o tubinga_n which_o peter_n appianus_n in_o his_o book_n of_o ancient_a inscription_n do_v set_v down_o thus_o max._n in_o auâ—_n em_n gerard_n max._n daâ—_n max._n arm._n max._n trib_o p._n cos._n et_fw-la but_o heroldus_fw-la set_v down_o the_o whole_a inscription_n as_o the_o emperor_n be_v usual_o enstile_v at_o rome_n imp._n caes._n divi._n l._n sept._n sever._n pert._n aug._n parth._n tarah_n adiab_n f._n m._n aurel._n antonin_n aug._n sarmat_n max._n ger._n max._n dac_n max._n armen_n max._n britan._n max._n arab._n max._n aleman_n max._n parth._n max._n p._n e._n pont._n max._n trib._n pote_n vi_fw-la cos._n procos_fw-la perpet_n leg._n 8._o ant._n aug._n p._n e._n ejus_fw-la num._n devot_n prin._n opt._n fortis_fw-la the_o county_n of_o wirtemberg_n wirtenberg_n the_o lower_n alsatia_n alsatia_n common_o call_v elsasz_n call_v be_v so_o call_v as_o some_o suppose_v as_o it_o be_v edelsalz_n that_o be_v a_o noble_a and_o famous_a seat_n other_o think_v it_o be_v so_o name_v from_o the_o river_n illa_fw-la by_o change_v a_o into_o i_o as_o it_o be_v a_o seat_n by_o the_o river_n illa_fw-la whence_o some_o do_v affirm_v that_o it_o be_v call_v the_o country_n of_o illesass_n and_o not_o alsas_n it_o be_v as_o fruitful_a a_o country_n as_o any_o that_o lie_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v helvetia_n which_o part_v it_o from_o rhine_n on_o the_o west_n lotharingia_n where_o the_o mountain_n vosagus_fw-la be_v the_o border_a limit_n between_o lotharingia_n and_o germany_n on_o the_o south_n it_o have_v part_n of_o helvetia_n &_o burgundy_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v boundr_v with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o wiriemberg_n it_o be_v nine_o german_a mile_n long_o and_o from_o rhine_n to_o the_o mountain_n it_o be_v three_o german_a mile_n broad_a but_o towards_o haganoa_n it_o grow_v broad_a between_o the_o mountain_n but_o this_o country_n be_v so_o fruitful_a and_o there_o be_v such_o great_a plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n especial_o of_o wine_n and_o corn_n in_o this_o little_a tract_n of_o land_n that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o other_o people_n also_o of_o germany_n both_o far_a and_o near_o therefore_o james_n wimphelingus_n in_o his_o epitome_n of_o germany_n do_v call_v it_o the_o store_n house_n and_o nurse_n of_o germany_n for_o excellent_a wine_n be_v continual_o bring_v out_o of_o this_o country_n in_o cart_n and_o sometime_o be_v convayd_v by_o ship_v into_o helvetia_n swethland_n bavaria_n lotharingia_n and_o the_o low_a country_n and_o sometime_o into_o england_n in_o sungoja_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o corn_n and_o all_o over_o the_o plain_a ground_n of_o alsatia_n even_o to_o argentina_n there_o be_v every_o where_o great_a store_n of_o corn_n so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o lotharingia_n the_o burgundian_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o helvetia_n be_v sustain_v by_o it_o it_o have_v mountain_n which_o yield_v excellent_a good_a wine_n and_o in_o the_o plain_a ground_n it_o have_v corn_n and_o divers_a kind_n of_o fruit_n tree_n it_o have_v also_o on_o the_o mountain_n wood_n of_o chestnut_n and_o mine_n of_o silver_n brass_n and_o lead_v especial_o in_o the_o valâ—_n leberthal_n iâ—_n have_v also_o fair_a pasture_n both_o upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o valley_n as_o appear_v by_o those_o excellent_a fat_a cheese_n which_o be_v make_v in_o munsterthall_n so_o that_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o kine_n and_o cattle_n breed_v in_o this_o country_n and_o it_o have_v in_o some_o part_v many_o wild_a horse_n also_o leopard_n bear_n martin_n and_o heart_n and_o innumerable_a other_o wild_a beast_n alsatia_n be_v heretofore_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n as_o also_o a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o austria_n alsatia_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a dukedom_n which_o hâ—ldericke_n king_n of_o france_n do_v honour_n with_o that_o title_n and_o give_v it_o to_o his_o cousin_n etico_n in_o the_o year_n â—84_n after_o etico_n there_o succeed_v his_o son_n adelprechtus_n who_o be_v slay_v with_o a_o arrow_n leave_v two_o son_n linfrid_n and_o eberhard_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o alsatia_n afterward_o their_o family_n be_v expel_v forth_o of_o alsatia_n by_o charles_n martell_n palatine_n and_o master_n of_o the_o court_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o otto_n the_o first_o the_o earl_n of_o kyburg_n who_o where_o ally_v by_o consanguinity_n to_o the_o emperor_n do_v govern_v alsatia_n some_o say_v that_o they_o be_v make_v landgraves_n of_o alsatia_n other_o say_v that_o otto_n the_o three_o do_v divide_v it_o into_o landgraveship_n and_o that_o the_o high_a landgraveship_n which_o contain_v the_o town_n einsheim_n and_o the_o adjacent_a town_n do_v fall_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o habsburg_n the_o other_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o ottingen_n to_o who_o it_o descend_v from_o henry_n landgrave_n of_o lower_n alsatia_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n do_v sell_v it_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o argentine_n but_o this_o small_a country_n be_v so_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a that_o it_o have_v 46_o city_n and_o town_n in_o it_o which_o be_v wall_v about_o fifty_o castle_n which_o be_v situate_v on_o mountain_n and_o plain_n and_o a_o innumerable_a sort_n of_o village_n alsatia_n be_v two_o fold_n the_o low_a which_o be_v describe_v in_o this_o present_a chart_n and_o the_o high_a which_o be_v paint_v forth_o in_o the_o table_n follow_v the_o tribocians_n do_v possess_v they_o both_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v call_v by_o modern_a writer_n argentina_n sextus_n aurelius_n and_o ptolemy_n do_v call_v it_o argentoratum_n reginus_n name_v it_o strasburg_n who_o write_v five_o hundred_o year_n before_o and_o more_o rob._n constantinus_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o aurelius_n victor_n and_o diacâ—nus_n do_v call_v angentaria_n it_o be_v common_o call_v strasburg_n from_o the_o number_n and_o capacity_n of_o the_o street_n this_o city_n be_v situate_v in_o a_o fertile_a soil_n and_o have_v great_a store_n of_o wine_n and_o corne._n and_o munster_n write_v that_o there_o be_v in_o this_o city_n above_o a_o hundred_o gardiner_n who_o make_v a_o great_a gain_n out_o of_o turnip_n onion_n radish_n cabigge_n and_o the_o like_a a_o arm_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n and_o three_o other_o river_n do_v run_v through_o this_o city_n and_o the_o several_a channel_n do_v glide_v through_o the_o street_n as_o at_o venice_n it_o be_v well_o govern_v and_o it_o have_v a_o famous_a school_n and_o a_o church_n on_o the_o west_n there_o be_v the_o tabernae_n celebrate_v by_o antoninus_n simler_n call_v they_o zaborn_a frodoard_v name_v it_z zabreni_n ortelius_n call_v they_o tres_fw-fr tabernae_n concern_v which_o antoninus_n say_v thus_o riguasque_fw-la perenni_fw-la fonte_fw-la tabernas_fw-la the_o lower_n alsatia_n alsatia_n inferior_a the_o country_n be_v partly_o mountainous_a and_o partly_o
curta_n and_o some_o other_o the_o inland_a town_n be_v cuthna_n colen_n belsina_n verena_n zateâ—â—um_n launa_n slana_n â—â—tomericum_n tabortum_n the_o chief_a river_n be_v 〈◊〉_d which_o they_o call_v labe_fw-la it_o break_v forth_o of_o the_o mountain_n near_o the_o city_n aust_n and_o have_v great_a store_n of_o salmon_n there_o be_v also_o multavia_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v cassurgis_n and_o the_o germane_a molea_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n vltauva_fw-fr there_o be_v also_o the_o river_n egra_n â—assava_fw-la gisera_fw-la misa_n and_o other_o some_z whereof_z have_v fine_a sand_n of_o gold_n and_o some_o of_o they_o have_v shell_n out_o of_o which_o they_o get_v pearl_n the_o mountain_n sudâ—ta_n do_v encompass_v bohemia_n on_o the_o south_n and_o west_n the_o mountain_n pinifer_fw-la which_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o abundance_n of_o pine_n grow_v there_o which_o rise_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o maraniship_n of_o brandenburg_n between_o franconia_n voitlandia_n and_o bohemia_n in_o the_o compass_n of_o two_o mile_n do_v send_v forth_o four_o famous_a river_n towards_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n namely_o moenus_n in_o francia_n sala_n iâ—_n 〈◊〉_d nabus_fw-la in_o bavaria_n and_o egra_n in_o bohemia_n this_o mountain_n also_o have_v gold_n silver_n quicksilver_n iron_n and_o brimstone_n it_o have_v also_o 〈◊〉_d of_o preciousstone_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v as_o it_o be_v wall_v 〈◊〉_d with_o wood_n of_o which_o that_o part_n which_o lie_v between_o 〈…〉_o west_n and_o the_o north_n strabo_n call_v the_o wood_n gabreta_n and_o ptolemâ—_n 〈…〉_o that_o part_n which_o stretehe_v from_o the_o south_n to_o danubius_n ptolemy_n call_v the_o moon_n wood_n but_o now_o it_o be_v call_v passavica_n silua_n or_o deâ—_n passawerwaldt_n on_o the_o west_n where_o it_o join_v to_o moravia_n it_o be_v call_v der_n scheib_n the_o emperor_n charles_n in_o the_o year_n 1361._o do_v divide_v the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n into_o 12._o country_n which_o be_v govern_v by_o captain_n and_o baron_n who_o do_v first_o decide_v small_a controversy_n and_o second_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thief_n they_o may_v call_v the_o nobility_n to_o aid_v they_o in_o suppress_v of_o those_o robber_n and_o at_o last_o in_o time_n of_o war_n every_o one_o repair_v to_o his_o own_o captain_n i_o find_v that_o the_o burpaviate_v of_o carlstein_n be_v in_o this_o kingdom_n where_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v keep_v there_o be_v these_o country_n lobâ—â—wits_n hassenstain_n litzkaw_n camethaw_n passau_n melnis_n rosenberg_n hadretz_n dominia_fw-la hasenburg_n leap_v perstain_v dobitschaw_n walstain_n râ—schatec_n dachaw_n totsnick_n wartenberg_n schellenberg_n kost_n schmirit_n lissaw_n kunewaldt_n dessaw_n schonpeck_n slawa_n grossen_n bora_n liebenstain_n joppendorff_n gradetz_n and_o colourat_n some_o of_o which_o be_v county_n also_o the_o barony_n of_o trachenberg_n and_o millusch_n prague_n be_v make_v a_o archbishop_n seat_n by_o charles_n king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o emperor_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o litomisliens_n be_v make_v his_o suffragan_n i_o come_v unto_o their_o manner_n concern_v which_o john_n dubravius_n write_v thus_o the_o bohemian_o in_o their_o manner_n and_o habit_n do_v show_v a_o kind_n of_o lion-like_o courage_n under_o which_o sign_n bohemia_n lie_v whether_o you_o consider_v the_o great_a stature_n of_o the_o bohemian_o or_o their_o strong_a broad_a breast_n or_o neck_n cover_v with_o stiff_a yellow_a hair_n or_o their_o great_a voice_n or_o glister_a eye_n or_o their_o courage_n and_o strength_n moreover_o the_o lion_n be_v wont_a to_o swell_v in_o contempt_n of_o other_o beast_n and_o can_v be_v disarm_v especial_o if_o you_o set_v upon_o he_o by_o force_n neither_o do_v the_o bohemian_a degenerate_a from_o he_o in_o this_o also_o for_o he_o contemn_v other_o both_o in_o word_n &_o deed_n and_o show_v much_o pride_n and_o arrogancy_n both_o in_o his_o gate_n and_o gesture_n and_o he_o be_v most_o fierce_a when_o he_o be_v rough_o entreat_v moreover_o he_o be_v as_o bold_a as_o a_o lion_n in_o any_o enterprise_n and_o stout_a and_o hardy_a in_o the_o execution_n but_o yet_o he_o be_v ambitious_a and_o vainglorious_a and_o beside_o he_o be_v as_o hungry_a and_o sharp_a as_o a_o lion_n and_o immoderate_a in_o his_o dier_n the_o marqviship_n of_o moravia_n moravia_n common_o call_v marnhern_a do_v confine_v on_o polonia_n westward_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n moravia_n which_o run_v through_o this_o country_n call_v the_o ancient_n do_v call_v it_o marcomannia_n because_o it_o do_v border_n germany_n on_o that_o part_n where_o danubiuâ—_n glide_v towards_o pannonia_n for_o in_o the_o german_a language_n marck_n signify_v a_o limit_n or_o bind_v and_o those_o which_o dwell_v there_o be_v call_v marcomanni_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o frontier_n or_o march_n as_o dubravius_n think_v but_o arrianus_n say_v thus_o the_o last_o say_v he_o of_o these_o nation_n be_v the_o quadian_o &_o marcomannian_o after_o they_o the_o jazyges_n or_o sarmatian_n than_o the_o getes_n and_o last_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o sarmatian_n and_o it_o appear_v manifest_o that_o this_o moravia_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o marcomannian_o because_o near_o the_o river_n hana_n the_o husbandman_n as_o they_o be_v plough_v do_v often_o find_v certain_a coin_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a emperor_n as_o of_o m._n antoninus_n who_o as_o history_n do_v witness_n do_v conquer_v and_o subdue_v this_o nation_n there_o be_v also_o money_n take_v from_o the_o enemy_n as_o a_o booty_n with_o this_o inscription_n de_fw-fr marcomannis_fw-la there_o be_v some_o do_v conjecture_n by_o the_o etymology_n of_o the_o word_n that_o the_o marcomannian_o do_v possess_v that_o province_n of_o germany_n which_o be_v common_o call_v die_v marck_n or_o the_o marquiship_n of_o brandenburg_n beyond_o albis_n towards_o the_o ocean_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v call_v die_v marcker_n that_o be_v marcomannian_o as_o it_o be_v marcmenner_n some_o say_v the_o marcomannian_o be_v so_o name_v from_o horse_n as_o we_o call_v mareschalcus_n a_o praefect_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o mar-stall_a a_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n for_o marrha_n and_o merrhen_n do_v signify_v in_o the_o german_a language_n a_o horse_n and_o a_o mare_n whence_o they_o translate_v merrhenlandt_n the_o country_n of_o mare_n but_o the_o former_a reason_n be_v more_o probable_a moravia_n as_o it_o be_v now_o be_v bound_v on_o three_o part_n of_o it_o with_o mountain_n wood_n forest_n or_o river_n on_o the_o east_n from_o huâ—garia_n on_o the_o west_n from_o bohemia_n on_o the_o north_n from_o silesia_n for_o on_o the_o south_n towards_o austria_n it_o be_v plain_a ground_n and_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v part_v from_o it_o by_o the_o river_n thaysa_n and_o in_o other_o place_n by_o a_o small_a river_n the_o air_n of_o this_o country_n be_v gentle_a and_o warm_a and_o so_o more_o subject_a to_o corruption_n climate_n and_o as_o this_o country_n be_v populous_a so_o it_o yield_v great_a store_n of_o corn_n and_o wine_n 〈…〉_o and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o man_n use_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o saffron_n the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v champion_n ground_n the_o field_n be_v of_o a_o fat_a and_o fruitful_a soil_n and_o therefore_o good_a for_o tillage_n there_o be_v hill_n crown_v with_o vineyard_n and_o in_o regard_n it_o have_v a_o better_a soil_n for_o vine_n than_o bohemia_n therefore_o the_o marqviship_n of_o moravia_n moravia_n it_o excel_v it_o for_o goodness_n and_o plenty_n of_o wine_n it_o be_v all_o till_v so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o part_n leave_v for_o feed_v of_o flock_n and_o cattle_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o wood_n and_o desert_n the_o mountain_n sudetae_n near_o the_o city_n igla_fw-mi be_v think_v to_o be_v full_a of_o mine_n moreover_o it_o be_v wonderful_a that_o there_o be_v frankincense_n and_o myrrh_n in_o moravia_n which_o do_v not_o distil_v out_o of_o a_o sweat_a tree_n as_o in_o other_o part_n but_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n especial_o in_o one_o place_n call_v gradisco_n in_o which_o there_o be_v both_o male_a and_o female_a frankincense_n but_o of_o late_a venceslaus_n a_o nobleman_n as_o he_o be_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o head_n of_o a_o fishpond_n in_o his_o own_o ground_n at_o sterenberg_n find_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o myrrh_n this_o country_n be_v heretofore_o adorn_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o it_o have_v former_o king_n who_o govern_v all_o bohemia_n and_o poleland_n and_o it_o be_v a_o very_a large_a and_o potent_a kingdom_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 700._o zuantocopius_fw-la do_v possess_v moravia_n bohemia_n silesia_n and_o poleland_n and_o the_o duke_n thereof_o be_v subject_n unto_o he_o but_o he_o be_v proud_a of_o his_o large_a territory_n do_v deny_v
note_n where_o the_o session_n for_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v hold_v which_o be_v now_o translate_v to_o warsavia_n lancicia_n be_v a_o pleasant_a city_n seat_v on_o a_o plain_a and_o wall_v about_o have_v a_o wall_a castle_n on_o a_o rock_n by_o which_o the_o river_n bÃsura_n glide_v cujavia_n or_o vladislavia_n be_v a_o fair_a city_n be_v a_o bishop_n seat_n bidgostia_n be_v subject_a unto_o it_o which_o be_v seat_v by_o the_o navigable_a river_n buda_n brestia_n have_v under_o it_o radzieiow_n crusphicia_n and_o cowalow_v crusphicia_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o poland_n next_o to_o gnesna_n it_o be_v build_v of_o wood_n with_o a_o slated_a castle_n by_o the_o lake_n golpo_n rava_n be_v a_o wooden_a city_n situate_v by_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n ploczko_n be_v a_o pleasant_a city_n seat_v on_o a_o hill_n by_o the_o river_n vistula_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o castle_n which_o the_o crucigerians_n do_v demolish_v in_o the_o lesser_a polonia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o cracovia_n sandomiria_n and_o lublinum_n cracovia_n be_v build_v on_o a_o plain_a near_o the_o river_n vistula_n be_v fortify_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n and_o a_o deep_a ditch_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n on_o a_o high_a rockâ—_n which_o they_o call_v vanel_n in_o this_o city_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n keep_v their_o residence_n and_o be_v bury_v it_o have_v a_o famous_a school_n for_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n the_o castellanus_fw-la of_o cracovia_n take_v place_n of_o the_o palatine_a in_o the_o senate_n but_o in_o other_o province_n the_o palatine_a be_v prefer_v before_o the_o castellanus_fw-la moreover_o there_o be_v three_o city_n near_o unto_o cracovia_n clepardia_n stradomia_n and_o cassimiria_n it_o have_v two_o dukedom_n under_o it_o zarocensis_n and_o oswiecimensis_n it_o have_v many_o town_n under_o it_o sandomiria_n be_v a_o principal_a city_n wall_v about_o and_o situate_v on_o a_o hill_n by_o the_o river_n vistula_n be_v 22._o mile_n distant_a from_o cracovia_n it_o have_v a_o ancient_a castle_n well_o fortify_v under_o it_o there_o be_v checiny_n in_o a_o plain_a which_o be_v famous_a for_o mine_n of_o blue_a in_o which_o there_o be_v silver_n also_o find_v also_o korezin_n malogast_n and_o other_o town_n lublinum_n be_v a_o city_n beyond_o vistula_n be_v fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n a_o ditch_n a_o lake_n and_o a_o castle_n in_o which_o there_o be_v 3._o fair_n every_o year_n unto_o which_o both_o turk_n armenian_n grecian_n german_n muscovite_n and_o lithuavians_n do_v resort_n the_o jew_n do_v ininhabite_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o suburb_n and_o have_v a_o synagogue_n there_o the_o river_n bystizna_n do_v run_v by_o the_o castle_n poland_n as_o we_o say_v before_o be_v a_o plain_a country_n the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o wood_n and_o it_o yield_v good_a store_n of_o barley_n wheat_n and_o pulse_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o cattle_n it_o have_v lake_n which_o be_v full_a of_o all_o kind_n of_o fish_n the_o chief_a river_n be_v vistula_n viadrus_n common_o call_v odera_n tire_n now_o niester_n hypanis_n which_o be_v call_v bugh_n vistula_n now_o call_v die_v weixel_n be_v heretofore_o call_v vandalus_n some_o call_v it_o issula_n and_o vissula_n this_o river_n rise_v in_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n and_o before_o it_o come_v to_o cracovia_n it_o be_v enlarge_v by_o the_o receipt_n of_o many_o river_n and_o afterward_o be_v grow_v very_o deep_a and_o broad_a before_o it_o come_v to_o dantiscum_n it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o codan_n bay_n boristhenes_n so_o well_o know_v of_o old_a be_v now_o call_v nieper_n it_o have_v a_o few_o mountain_n and_o those_o southward_n where_o it_o look_v towards_o hungaria_n the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n consist_v of_o the_o clergy_n and_o noble_n the_o ecclesiastic_a order_n have_v two_o bishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o ghesnia_n who_o be_v primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o do_v also_o crown_v the_o king_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o leopolis_n in_o black_a russia_n the_o bishop_n be_v of_o cracovia_n in_o lesser_a poland_n the_o bishop_n of_o posnia_n in_o the_o great_a poland_n and_o in_o other_o province_n the_o bishop_n plocensis_n chelmensis_fw-la vilnensis_fw-la kioviensis_n lucensis_n janoucensis_n samogitiensis_n warmensis_n culmensis_fw-la sambiensis_fw-la pomasaniensis_fw-la rigensis_n and_o other_o the_o politic_a order_n of_o the_o noble_n have_v 26._o palatine_n 60._o count_n 4._o marshal_n a_o chancellor_n and_o a_o vicechancellor_n two_o general_n or_o captain_n in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n there_o be_v forty_o common_a captain_n in_o the_o great_a 30._o in_o massovia_n 12._o so_o that_o the_o king_n when_o occasion_n require_v can_v raise_v 200000._o noble_n he_o that_o desire_v to_o know_v more_o concern_v the_o state_n of_o this_o kingdom_n let_v he_o have_v recourse_n to_o stanislaus_n kizistanowie_a his_o poland_n polonia_n description_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n or_o to_o guagninus_n or_o boterus_n their_o description_n of_o germany_n and_o neugebaverus_fw-la his_o polonian_a history_n there_o be_v also_o in_o poland_n mine_n of_o salt_n by_o bochnia_n and_o veliscus_n which_o do_v exceed_v all_o other_o veliscum_n be_v 8._o mile_n distant_a from_o cracovia_n bochina_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n with_o a_o castle_n where_o the_o governor_n of_o rhe_n saltpits_n dwell_v who_o be_v call_v zupparius_n the_o country_n round_o about_o be_v barren_a but_o this_o country_n make_v a_o great_a revenue_n out_o of_o these_o mine_n than_o some_o country_n do_v out_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n the_o people_n of_o poland_n especial_o the_o noble_n do_v now_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o scythian_a barbarism_n of_o the_o ancient_a sarmatian_n they_o have_v no_o robbery_n so_o that_o in_o summer_n time_n they_o ride_v in_o wagon_n and_o in_o winter_n time_n in_o coach_n safe_o and_o without_o danger_n most_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v very_o sharp_a witted_a and_o do_v get_v experience_n and_o language_n by_o travel_v into_o foreign_a country_n they_o be_v courageous_a and_o will_v not_o shun_v the_o stout_a enemy_n if_o any_o one_o be_v wrong_v by_o the_o noble_n all_o their_o kindred_n and_o friend_n do_v join_v together_o in_o revenge_v it_o and_o do_v never_o cease_v until_o they_o have_v revenge_v it_o or_o lose_v their_o own_o life_n last_o they_o be_v not_o so_o liberal_a as_o prodigal_a both_o in_o their_o frequent_a banquet_n and_o in_o the_o great_a retinue_n and_o number_n of_o servant_n which_o they_o keep_v and_o clothe_v the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n hungaria_n common_o call_v hongeren_n which_o name_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o huns_n or_o hungarian_n who_o come_v out_o of_o scythia_n and_o do_v inhabit_v it_o do_v contain_v pannonia_n and_o the_o country_n of_o jazigus_n and_o the_o dacian_o beyond_o danubius_n on_o the_o south_n it_o have_v the_o river_n savus_n which_o devide_v it_o from_o croatia_n and_o servia_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o illyrici_n over_o against_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v poland_n and_o russia_n which_o be_v disjoin_v by_o the_o mountain_n carpatus_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v austria_n which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o head_n of_o the_o high_a pannonia_n together_o with_o moravia_n and_o styria_n on_o the_o east_n mysia_n which_o they_o now_o call_v rhetiana_n it_o be_v a_o excellent_a country_n both_o for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o situation_n the_o country_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o fertile_a and_o yield_v pearl_n gold_n silver_n colour_n and_o salt_n which_o be_v to_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o grass_n wheat_n pulse_n and_o fruit._n that_o country_n which_o be_v by_o danubius_n do_v yield_v excellent_a wine_n even_o from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o five_o church_n to_o taurunus_n or_o belgrade_n but_o there_o be_v no_o oil_n and_o except_v that_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o all_o the_o gift_n of_o nature_n it_o have_v divers_a kind_n of_o live_a creature_n have_v such_o great_a plenty_n both_o of_o ox_n and_o sheep_n that_o great_a drove_n be_v carry_v into_o other_o country_n especial_o into_o italy_n and_o germany_n it_o have_v also_o abundance_n of_o wild_a beast_n as_o hare_n do_v goat_n heart_n wolf_n bear_n and_o the_o like_a and_o also_o great_a store_n of_o bird_n especial_o thrush_n partridge_n and_o pheasant_n the_o paeonian_o or_o pannonian_n do_v first_o inhabit_v this_o country_n afterward_o the_o goth_n who_o be_v expulse_v by_o the_o huns_n and_o the_o huns_n by_o the_o longobard_n who_o be_v seat_v here_o 13._o year_n but_o the_o huns_n come_v in_o again_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o captain_n attila_n after_o who_o death_n charles_n the_o great_a take_v it_o into_o his_o own_o possession_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 700._o the_o huns_n
come_v out_o of_o scythia_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n arnulph_n possess_v those_o part_n be_v pagan_n until_o king_n stephen_n who_o they_o call_v the_o holy_a be_v inaugurate_v and_o make_v king_n and_o after_o he_o even_o until_o our_o time_n hungary_n do_v profess_v the_o christian_a religion_n hungary_n do_v contain_v all_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o jazigus_n metanastarum_n which_o ptolemy_n circumscribe_v or_o bound_v with_o danubius_n â—ibiscus_fw-la and_o the_o sarmatian_a mountain_n there_o be_v some_o ruin_n yet_o remain_v which_o by_o contract_v the_o word_n be_v common_o call_v â—az_v but_o they_o inhabit_v those_o part_n which_o plâ—â—_n describe_v and_o their_o speech_n differ_v from_o the_o hungarian_a language_n the_o first_o king_n of_o hungary_n after_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v establish_v therein_o be_v stephen_n surname_v the_o holy_a after_o who_o there_o follow_v his_o coâ—â—a_n peter_n his_o kinsman_n andreas_n also_o bela_n solomon_n geysa_n ladislaus_n almus_fw-la stephanus_n the_o ii_o bela_n caecus_n geysa_n the_o ii_o stephen_n the_o iii_o bela_n the_o iii_o emericus_n ladislaus_n the_o ii_o and_o other_o even_o until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n rudolphus_n king_n of_o hungary_n the_o king_n of_o hungary_n do_v govern_v his_o kingdom_n by_o two_o magistrate_n the_o high_a be_v divide_v into_o three_o magistrate_n the_o first_o of_o which_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o king_n name_n in_o which_o be_v the_o palatine_a of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o be_v next_o to_o the_o king_n and_o judge_v the_o king_n if_o he_o be_v accuse_v who_o the_o people_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v choose_v neither_o be_v it_o a_o hereditary_a office_n also_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o chancellor_n who_o be_v the_o metropolitan_a of_o strigonium_n who_o be_v call_v the_o primate_n and_o secretary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o he_o have_v power_n to_o anoint_v the_o king_n that_o be_v choose_v and_o he_o keep_v the_o privy_a seal_n the_o master_n of_o the_o court_n do_v follow_v the_o king_n and_o be_v one_o of_o his_o privy_a counsel_n the_o master_n of_o the_o regallity_n do_v judge_v of_o all_o matter_n concern_v mine_n of_o gold_n and_o saltpit_n and_o last_o all_o matter_n which_o appertain_v to_o the_o exchequer_n second_o those_o which_o sit_v in_o judgement_n of_o which_o there_o be_v certain_a official_o three_o of_o great_a authority_n as_o the_o vice-palatine_a of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o judge_n of_o personal_a presence_n the_o vice-palatines_a protonotary_n or_o chief_a clerk_n the_o vice-judge_n protonotary_n they_o be_v all_o call_v master_n and_o have_v these_o assistant_n or_o associate_n join_v to_o they_o the_o archbishop_n of_o strigonium_n secretary_n who_o be_v call_v the_o secretary_n of_o the_o exchequer_n twelve_o assistant_n and_o some_o swear_a clerk_n three_o those_o that_o serve_v the_o king_n as_o the_o treasurer_n the_o master_n of_o the_o bedchamber_n the_o cupbearer_n the_o master_n of_o the_o pantry_n the_o master_n porter_n and_o other_o lesser_a office_n moreover_o because_o the_o country_n be_v large_a there_o be_v several_a judge_n appoint_v through_o the_o province_n which_o the_o hungarian_n call_v county_n and_o they_o be_v these_o beyond_o danubius_n on_o the_o west_n of_o the_o river_n tibiscus_n posoniensis_n nitriensis_n cepusiensis_n gewinariensis_n posthiensis_fw-la semliniensis_n comariensis_n leptoniensis_n novigradiensis_n abavivariensis_n bathiensis_fw-la vâ—gensis_n traachimensis_n barsiensis_n hontensis_n borsodiensis_n bodroghtensis_n peregriensis_n turoezensis_n omuzolis_n tornensis_n heweciensis_n zolnocensis_n moramarusiensis_n above_o danubius_n on_o the_o east_n of_o tibiscus_n there_o be_v vgoghiensis_fw-la bihoriensis_n zatmariensis_n oradiensis_n zabolciensis_n temesiensis_n between_o the_o river_n danubius_n and_o dravus_n there_o be_v musunensis_n zaladiensis_n tolnensis_n rhab_n or_o jauriensis_fw-la vespriniensis_fw-la strigoniensis_fw-la soponiensis_fw-la albensis_n sinigiensis_n castriferrensis_n pelisiensis_fw-la waranlensis_n between_o dravus_n and_o the_o river_n savus_n there_o be_v valkonensis_n rifiensis_n syrimiensis_n warasdiensis_n prosegiensis_n and_o zagrabiensis_n the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n belong_v to_o the_o two_o archbishop_n of_o grand_fw-mi or_o strigonia_n the_o pope_n legate_n and_o primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o have_v under_o it_o agriensis_n vaciensis_n nitriensis_n quinque_fw-la ecclesiensis_fw-la vespriniensis_fw-la who_o be_v the_o queen_n chancellor_n and_o crow_v she_o and_o the_o bishop_n jauriensis_fw-la common_o call_v rab_n colosensis_n or_o colotz_n under_o who_o be_v sagabriensis_n transilvaniensis_n voceadrensis_fw-la visemburgensis_n sulniensis_n cenadiensis_n or_o chonad_n and_o bosnensis_n all_o hungary_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o hither-most_a and_o the_o far_o the_o hither-most_a hungary_n do_v contain_v all_o that_o country_n which_o be_v on_o this_o side_n danubius_n the_o farther-most_a do_v contain_v that_o country_n which_o be_v beyond_o danubius_n and_o tibiscus_n the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n hungaria_n glide_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o the_o metropolis_n and_o mother_n city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v buda_n which_o be_v so_o denominate_v as_o the_o most_o do_v suppose_v from_o buda_n the_o builder_n of_o it_o who_o be_v brother_n to_o king_n artila_n or_o as_o other_o write_v from_o the_o budines_fw-la a_o people_n of_o scythia_n of_o who_o herodotus_n make_v mention_v if_o you_o consider_v the_o situation_n of_o this_o city_n it_o be_v seat_v partly_o on_o a_o mountain_n and_o fortify_v with_o strong_a bulwark_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o strong_a and_o pleasant_a city_n in_o all_o hungaria_n it_o have_v many_o fair_a building_n both_o public_a and_o private_a it_o stand_v in_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n soliman_n the_o turkish_a emperor_n take_v it_o from_o the_o christian_n in_o the_o year_n 1526._o on_o the_o 20._o day_n of_o august_n the_o next_o be_v posonium_n common_o call_v prezborgh_n which_o be_v a_o noble_a city_n here_o the_o river_n leyta_n devide_v the_o high_a pannonia_n from_o the_o low_a do_v mingle_v itself_o with_o the_o river_n istrus_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a fair_a city_n have_v a_o pleasant_a air_n and_o situation_n and_o do_v therein_o excel_v all_o the_o city_n of_o pannonia_n it_o have_v mountain_n plant_v with_o vine_n which_o be_v also_o full_a of_o wood._n in_o the_o suburb_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a rock_n there_o be_v also_o belgâ—ad_a at_o the_o meeting_n or_o confluence_n of_o the_o river_n savus_n and_o danubius_n it_o be_v common_o call_v alba_n graeca_n the_o ancient_n call_v it_o taurunum_n and_o the_o german_n griechs_n weissenburgh_n soliman_n the_o turk_n take_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1520._o and_o have_v be_v before_o a_o town_n of_o defence_n against_o the_o cruel_a enemy_n of_o christianity_n now_o it_o be_v the_o turkish_a emperor_n seat_n a_o little_a lower_v down_o the_o river_n danubius_n there_o be_v singidunum_n which_o be_v take_v by_o the_o turk_n in_o the_o year_n 1439._o in_o the_o midst_n between_o these_o two_o city_n there_o be_v a_o field_n famous_a for_o the_o victory_n of_o hunniadus_n against_o mâ—homet_n the_o turkish_a emperor_n they_o call_v this_o field_n maxons_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v in_o the_o year_n 1456._o down_o the_o river_n there_o be_v many_o place_n where_o the_o christian_n have_v receive_v many_o fatal_a overthrow_n the_o city_n valpo_n be_v take_v in_o the_o year_n 1543._o quinque_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la by_o dravus_n in_o the_o year_n 1543._o zigetha_n be_v take_v in_o the_o year_n 1566._o buda_n we_o have_v mention_v before_o strigonium_n by_o danubius_n common_o call_v grand_fw-mi be_v heretofore_o a_o archbishop_n seat_n but_o it_o be_v now_o in_o the_o turk_n hand_n alba_n regalis_fw-la or_o stulweyssenburg_n be_v famous_a in_o regard_n the_o king_n be_v crown_v and_o bury_v here_o it_o be_v take_v in_o the_o year_n 1543._o in_o the_o same_o country_n there_o be_v stridon_n where_o saint_n hierom_n be_v bear_v there_o be_v also_o the_o city_n comara_n in_o a_o island_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o the_o turk_n in_o vain_a attempt_v jaurinum_n common_o call_v raab_n be_v a_o impregnable_a city_n by_o the_o river_n danubius_n i_o pass_v by_o the_o other_o town_n there_o be_v also_o in_o hungaria_n many_o famous_a lake_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v balaton_n which_o the_o german_n call_v platze_n be_v 40._o italian_n mile_n broad_a and_o 8._o hungarian_a mile_n the_o chief_a river_n be_v danubius_n savus_n dravus_n and_o tibiscus_n the_o three_o former_a be_v common_a to_o other_o country_n but_o tibiscus_n run_v only_o through_o hungary_n it_o rise_v in_o maramusia_n in_o the_o high_a cliff_n of_o carpatus_n and_o for_o plenty_n of_o fish_n it_o exceed_v all_o the_o river_n in_o hungary_n for_o it_o have_v abundance_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o fish_n as_o great_a pike_n lamprey_n and_o sturgeon_n there_o be_v also_o other_o river_n
appear_v by_o some_o epitaph_n write_v in_o caldean_a letter_n it_o be_v think_v that_o it_o be_v build_v in_o abraham_n time_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a fruitful_a soil_n it_o look_v northward_o and_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o tyrrhene_a sea_n have_v high_a wall_n which_o be_v build_v by_o king_n frederick_n near_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v a_o castle_n which_o have_v be_v much_o enlarge_v which_o they_o call_v castrumad_a mare_n or_o the_o castle_n by_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v also_o three_o gate_n of_o the_o ancient_a city_n yet_o stand_v and_o the_o old_a wall_n with_o many_o tower_n build_v of_o four_o square_a stone_n there_o be_v a_o church_n at_o panormus_n consecrate_v to_o s._n peter_n which_o be_v build_v by_o rogerius_n king_n of_o sicily_n which_o excel_v both_o for_o beauty_n and_o costly_a building_n all_o the_o ancient_a and_o new_a church_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sicilie·_n sicilia_n italy_n so_o that_o learned_a man_n and_o traveller_n that_o come_v to_o see_v it_o do_v much_o admire_v it_o the_o great_a church_n of_o this_o city_n be_v of_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o network_n building_n carve_v with_o divers_a figure_n and_o image_n and_o build_v by_o gualther_n the_o second_o archbishop_n of_o that_o name_n which_o be_v found_v in_o the_o year_n 1185._o where_o the_o body_n of_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n and_o duke_n be_v bury_v and_o inter_v there_o be_v also_o a_o public_a school_n and_o a_o hospital_n for_o stranger_n it_o will_v be_v tedious_a to_o rehearse_v the_o other_o fair_a building_n and_o aedifices_fw-la which_o be_v in_o this_o city_n the_o other_o city_n be_v siracusa_n which_o be_v heretofore_o a_o great_a city_n which_o the_o orator_n thus_o describe_v in_o his_o 4._o oration_n against_o verres_n you_o have_v often_o hear_v that_o siracusa_n be_v the_o great_a and_o fair_a of_o all_o the_o grecian_a city_n and_o so_o it_o be_v o_o judge_n as_o you_o have_v hear_v for_o it_o be_v strong_o situate_a and_o have_v a_o fair_a come_n to_o it_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o it_o have_v havens_n which_o be_v enclose_v on_o every_o side_n with_o bvilding_n which_o have_v divers_a entrance_n do_v at_o last_o meet_v and_o flow_v together_o where_o a_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v call_v the_o isle_n be_v disjoin_v by_o their_o meeting_n together_o with_o a_o straight_a sea_n be_v join_v together_o again_o with_o a_o bridge_n it_o be_v so_o great_a a_o city_n that_o they_o say_v it_o do_v consist_v of_o 4._o great_a city_n one_o of_o which_o be_v the_o island_n aforesaid_a which_o be_v encompass_v with_o two_o havens_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o one_o of_o which_o there_o be_v king_n hierons_n palace_n in_o which_o the_o praetor_n now_o dwell_v there_o be_v many_o church_n in_o it_o but_o especial_o two_o which_o do_v far_o exceed_v the_o rest_n one_o consecrate_v to_o diana_n and_o the_o other_o to_o minerva_n which_o be_v a_o fair_a church_n before_o verres_n come_v thither_o in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o island_n there_o be_v a_o fountain_n of_o sweet_a water_n which_o be_v call_v arethusa_n which_o be_v very_o great_a and_o full_a of_o fish_n which_o will_v be_v cover_v with_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o that_o it_o be_v wall_v about_o with_o stone_n but_o there_o be_v another_o city_n of_o syracuse_n which_o be_v call_v acardina_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a marketplace_n a_o fair_a gallery_n and_o counsel-house_n a_o great_a court_n and_o a_o temple_n of_o jupiter_n olympus_n and_o many_o private_a aedifices_fw-la there_o be_v a_o three_o city_n which_o be_v call_v â—yche_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a school_n and_o many_o church_n and_o it_o be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v the_o four_o city_n be_v that_o which_o because_o it_o be_v last_o build_v be_v call_v neapolis_n or_o the_o new_a city_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a theatre_n &_o two_o great_a church_n one_o consecrate_v to_o ceres_n and_o another_o to_o bacchus_n and_o a_o fair_a statue_n of_o apollo_n which_o be_v call_v tennites_n but_o not_o all_o the_o beauty_n of_o this_o city_n be_v decay_v and_o only_o some_o ruinous_a part_n of_o the_o town_n be_v remain_v messana_n be_v a_o city_n by_o the_o sea_n side_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v first_o call_v messanian_o and_o afterward_o mamertinians_n which_o herodotus_n and_o thucydides_n do_v mention_n there_o be_v also_o catina_n which_o be_v call_v catana_n where_o charonda_n the_o lawmaker_n be_v bear_v and_o it_o have_v now_o a_o famous_a school_n taurominium_n be_v a_o city_n build_v by_o the_o zanclaeans_n it_o be_v now_o call_v taormina_n there_o be_v also_o leontium_n where_o gorgias_n sophista_fw-la be_v bear_v agrigentum_n be_v a_o ancient_a city_n which_o heretofore_o the_o carthaginian_n raze_v and_o megalus_n and_o feriscus_n re-edify_v it_o again_o there_o be_v also_o augusta_n which_o be_v heretofore_o call_v megara_n also_o castrogianum_n heretofore_o ennea_n drepanum_n monreale_n heraclea_n and_o many_o other_o city_n it_o be_v water_v with_o many_o river_n in_o which_o as_o in_o the_o lake_n there_o be_v good_a store_n of_o mullet_n eel_n tenche_n and_o trout_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v good_a fish_n for_o tunyes_n not_o only_o at_o pachynum_n but_o also_o at_o panormum_fw-la and_o drepanum_n and_o all_o that_o coast_n which_o lie_v by_o the_o tyrrhene_a sea_n there_o be_v also_o sword-fish_n take_v in_o the_o massonian_n sea_n last_o there_o be_v excellent_a good_a fish_n in_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n for_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o mullet_n which_o the_o grecian_n call_v trichias_n and_o sophronius_n and_o cicero_n do_v call_v they_o barbel_n and_o also_o great_a store_n of_o lamprey_n but_o the_o cicilian_a strait_n be_v narrow_a dangerous_a and_o rough_a and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o scylla_n and_o charybdis_n the_o chief_a mountain_n aetna_n &_o eryx_n aetna_n by_o pindarus_n be_v call_v the_o pillar_n of_o heaven_n silius_n italicus_n call_v it_o tiphoeum_n it_o be_v now_o call_v monte_fw-fr gibella_n or_o mongibello_fw-la eryx_n be_v much_o memorize_v for_o venus_n chapel_n which_o be_v build_v by_o aeneas_n in_o sicily_n be_v the_o archbishop_n panormitanus_fw-la under_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n agrigentinus_fw-la masarensis_fw-la milevitanus_fw-la or_o maltensis_n the_o archbishop_n of_o montis_fw-la regalis_fw-la under_o who_o be_v siracusanus_n and_o cothanensis_fw-la the_o archbishop_n of_o messanensis_fw-la under_o who_o be_v cephaludensis_n pacensis_n lipariensis_n marcus_n and_o militensis_fw-la now_o milaza_n stiria_n common_o call_v stirmarck_n which_o be_v make_v a_o dukedom_n by_o frederi_n or_o barbarossa_n in_o it_o there_o be_v many_o country_n among_o the_o which_o be_v warasden_n by_o the_o river_n dravus_n and_o lebnaw_n by_o the_o river_n mura._n stiria_n common_o call_v stirmarck_n be_v without_o doubt_n so_o call_v from_o a_o bull_n or_o steere_n to_o which_o opinion_n aegidius_n tschudus_n subscribe_v where_o he_o report_v out_o of_o pliny_n that_o caro_n do_v affirm_v that_o the_o lepontian_o and_o salassians_n be_v of_o the_o taurick_n nation_n but_o these_o tauriscians_n be_v frenchmen_n who_o in_o the_o ancient_a french_a war_n seat_v themselves_o beyond_o the_o alps_n of_o which_o polybius_n lib._n 2._o of_o the_o french_a war_n write_v thus_o those_o that_o be_v call_v the_o transalpine_a french_a do_v dwell_v by_o the_o alps_n on_o either_o side_n of_o mountain_n on_o that_o side_n which_o look_v northward_o and_o towards_o the_o river_n rhodanus_n but_o on_o that_o side_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o plain_a ground_n there_o be_v the_o tauriscians_n the_o agonians_n and_o many_o other_o barbarous_a people_n from_o who_o the_o transalpines_n be_v only_o distinguish_v by_o their_o different_a habitation_n and_o therefore_o call_v transalpines_n because_o they_o live_v beyond_o the_o mountain_n but_o after_o these_o tauriscians_n depart_v hence_o they_o seek_v themselves_o other_o habitation_n and_o possess_v the_o country_n which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o county_n of_o goert_n and_o so_o come_v into_o stiria_n they_o leave_v their_o name_n unto_o that_o country_n for_o a_o bull_n in_o the_o german_a language_n be_v call_v a_o stier_n and_o so_o they_o spread_v and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o austria_n and_o hungary_n some_o affirm_v that_o stiria_n be_v heretofore_o call_v valeria_n in_o honour_n of_o valeria_n the_o daughter_n of_o dioclesian_n as_o marcellinus_n do_v report_n volateranus_fw-la think_v that_o it_o be_v call_v japidia_n for_o so_o he_o write_v in_o the_o 8._o book_n of_o his_o geogr._n the_o next_o unto_o this_o japidia_n which_o they_o now_o call_v styria_n though_o pope_n pius_n think_v it_o shall_v be_v call_v valeria_n by_o according_a to_o rufus_n his_o description_n do_v think_v that_o valeria_n shall_v be_v rather_o call_v croatia_n between_o danubius_n and_o dravus_n
mediterranean_a sea_n the_o air_n and_o climate_n of_o this_o country_n be_v various_a and_o different_a soil_n in_o the_o spring_n the_o air_n be_v gentle_a mild_a and_o clear_a in_o summer_n the_o heat_n be_v most_o vehement_a especial_o in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n and_o july_n but_o in_o autumn_n it_o be_v somewhat_o cool_a in_o the_o winter_n the_o cold_a be_v somewhat_o sharp_a especial_o about_o december_n and_o january_n but_o it_o be_v but_o in_o the_o morning_n only_o so_o that_o no_o man_n be_v compel_v through_o cold_a to_o come_v to_o the_o fire_n the_o end_n of_o autumn_n and_o all_o the_o winter_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o spring_n have_v great_a store_n of_o impetuous_a and_o violent_a wind_n and_o storm_n and_o sometime_o they_o be_v trouble_v with_o hayle_n lightning_n and_o fearful_a thunder_n and_o in_o some_o placeâ—_n there_o be_v thick_a snow_n this_o country_n yield_v greaâ—_n store_n of_o dares_n and_o pomegrants_n but_o it_o have_v but_o little_a wheat_n so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v make_v barley_n bread_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o other_o fruit_n as_o cherry_n fig_n apple_n pear_n prune_n peach_n apricott_n quince_n olive_n and_o the_o like_a it_o have_v abundance_n of_o oil_n honey_n and_o sugar_n and_o great_a store_n of_o herd_n of_o cattle_n and_o wild_a beast_n for_o this_o country_n do_v breed_v dragon_n 〈…〉_o elephant_n goat_n bull_n or_o wild_a ox_n and_o the_o like_a also_o lion_n and_o leopard_n it_o have_v also_o wesil_n which_o be_v as_o big_a as_o cat_n but_o that_o they_o have_v not_o such_o great_a jaw_n and_o great_a store_n of_o ape_n the_o phaenician_o and_o other_o who_o come_v out_o of_o asia_n or_o egypt_n do_v first_o inhabit_v this_o country_n afterward_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o roman_n then_o to_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o vandal_n sarazen_n and_o arabian_n now_o it_o be_v partly_o subject_a to_o the_o turk_n and_o partly_o to_o a_o sâ—ritiâ—_n of_o itâ—_n own_o also_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v some_o castle_n barbary·_fw-la barbaria_n in_o it_o there_o be_v four_o kingdom_n in_o barbary_n the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n of_o fez_n of_o teleusinum_n and_o tunis_n unto_o which_o some_o do_v add_v barca_n we_o will_v entreat_v of_o the_o two_o former_a namely_o morocco_n and_o fez_n in_o the_o follow_a table_n but_o of_o the_o other_o we_o will_v entreat_v here_o the_o kingdom_n of_o teleusinum_n which_o they_o call_v tremisen_n be_v mauritania_n caesariensis_n the_o length_n of_o it_o from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n be_v 380._o mile_n the_o breadth_n of_o it_o be_v narrow_a be_v 25._o mile_n namely_o from_o the_o desert_n of_o numidia_n even_o to_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n the_o most_o part_n of_o this_o country_n be_v habit_v dry_a and_o rugged_a especial_o southward_o but_o the_o coast_n by_o the_o sea_n side_n be_v somewhat_o more_o fruitful_a and_o fertile_a there_o be_v few_o city_n or_o castle_n in_o it_o the_o metropolis_n be_v teleusina_n which_o be_v heretofore_o a_o great_a city_n but_o now_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ruinate_v in_o the_o same_o country_n there_o be_v also_o algiers_n a_o great_a city_n and_o well_o fortify_v this_o city_n do_v first_o revolt_n from_o the_o king_n of_o telusiaâ—um_n and_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o king_n of_o bugia_n afterward_o it_o revolt_v from_o he_o and_o receive_v ferdinand_n king_n of_o spain_n to_o be_v their_o king_n and_o at_o last_o it_o be_v take_v by_o barbarossa_n and_o add_v to_o the_o ottoman_a empire_n it_o be_v famous_a for_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o charles_n the_o 5._o for_o the_o sad_a captivity_n and_o slavery_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o excursion_n of_o the_o turkish_a pirate_n it_o be_v now_o so_o fortify_v that_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v impregnable_a castaldus_n suppose_v that_o ptolemy_n do_v call_v this_o salden_n but_o ortelius_n and_o our_o mercator_n do_v think_v that_o that_o which_o ptolemy_n call_v salden_n be_v now_o call_v tadelis_n â—ovius_fw-la think_v it_o to_o be_v julia_n caesarea_n and_o other_o crita_n there_o be_v also_o the_o city_n mersalcabir_n messagran_n mustaganin_n and_o other_o this_o kingdom_n have_v two_o famous_a havens_n the_o one_o the_o haven_n of_o horamus_n or_o orania_n with_o a_o strong_a castle_n the_o other_o of_o marsa_n eltabirus_n whether_o great_a store_n of_o merchant_n ship_n do_v resort_v especial_o from_o italy_n both_o which_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n get_v some_o year_n ago_o to_o the_o great_a detriment_n and_o loss_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o kingdom_n tunitanum_n do_v contain_v africa_n the_o less_o and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o numidia_n for_o it_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n major_n which_o maginus_fw-la suppose_v to_o be_v that_o which_o ptolemy_n call_v audum_fw-la even_o to_o the_o river_n of_o the_o country_n of_o mesrata_n aegypt·_n egypt_n be_v a_o noble_a ancient_a country_n which_o be_v first_o inhabit_v by_o misraim_n the_o son_n of_o chus_n nephew_n to_o cham_n and_o nephew_n once_o remove_v to_o noah_n wherefore_o in_o osiris_n sacred_a right_n it_o be_v call_v from_o cham_n chemia_n in_o stead_n of_o chamia_n as_o from_o the_o other_o misraim_n for_o the_o arabian_n do_v still_o call_v it_o mesre_o the_o turk_n call_v it_o elquibet_n or_o elchebit_fw-la the_o bound_n of_o it_o on_o the_o west_n beyond_o nilus_n be_v the_o desert_n of_o barch_n libya_n and_o numidia_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nubia_n on_o the_o south_n it_o be_v enclose_v with_o the_o bugiensian_a country_n and_o nilus_n where_o nilus_n bend_v his_o course_n from_o the_o west_n eastward_o pliny_n do_v bounder_v it_o with_o the_o city_n syene_n which_o be_v now_o call_v asna_n on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v the_o desert_n of_o arabia_n which_o lie_v between_o egypt_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v enclose_v with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n which_o be_v there_o call_v the_o egyptian_a sea_n it_o seldom_o rain_v in_o egypt_n and_o plato_n say_v that_o it_o be_v never_o see_v to_o rain_v in_o egypt_n so_o that_o the_o air_n be_v continual_o serene_a and_o clear_a whence_o happy_o it_o be_v former_o call_v aâ—ria_n the_o country_n be_v wonderful_a fruitful_a be_v full_a of_o man_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o creature_n the_o river_n nilus_n which_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o and_o do_v overflow_v it_o every_o year_n do_v so_o moisten_v and_o fatten_v it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v wonderful_a fertile_a and_o fruitful_a soil_n writer_n have_v leave_v many_o eulogy_n in_o praise_n of_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o this_o country_n justine_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o country_n more_o fruitful_a than_o it_o for_o say_v he_o there_o be_v in_o egypt_n great_a store_n of_o wheat_n pulse_n barley_n oat_n beanes_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o grain_n and_o also_o excellent_a wine_n it_o have_v also_o pleasant_a pasture_n but_o have_v but_o little_a oil_n and_o wood._n beside_o wild_a beast_n of_o which_o this_o country_n have_v abundance_n it_o do_v breed_v great_a store_n of_o tame_a cattle_n as_o buff_n ox_n camel_n creature_n horse_n ass_n ram_n and_o goat_n all_o which_o be_v of_o a_o great_a size_n as_o baldric_n witness_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n the_o abundance_n of_o father_n and_o the_o sweet_a grass_n which_o grow_v there_o by_o the_o overflow_a of_o nilus_n among_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v very_o fat_a great_a ram_n which_o have_v a_o great_a thick_a tail_n that_o hang_v down_o to_o the_o very_a ground_n and_o dew_n lap_v hang_v down_o under_o their_o neck_n as_o ox_n have_v and_o their_o wool_n be_v black_a moreover_o all_o egypt_n do_v heretofore_o flourish_v under_o divers_a king_n of_o divers_a name_n even_o to_o the_o ptolemy_n for_o there_o be_v few_o phaâ—â—es_n but_o the_o ptolemy_n reign_v a_o long_a time_n even_o to_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o decline_v egypt_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o agarenes_n of_o arab_n a_o felix_fw-la the_o prince_n whereof_o be_v call_v the_o sultan_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v he_o be_v also_o call_v sultanes_n be_v all_o mahometan_n they_o reign_v many_o year_n until_o they_o be_v expulse_v by_o the_o turk_n but_o now_o soliman_n the_o great_a turk_n do_v possess_v all_o egypt_n and_o leave_v there_o a_o precedent_n who_o be_v call_v the_o bâ—xa_n of_o egypt_n alexander_n of_o macedon_n do_v divide_v it_o into_o praefectureship_n of_o town_n whereof_o herodâ—tus_n reckon_v 18._o strabo_n one_o more_o and_o ptolemy_n 46._o pliny_n 50._o who_o also_o add_v that_o some_o of_o they_o have_v change_v their_o name_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o there_o be_v heretofore_o so_o many_o praefectureship_n of_o egypt_n as_o be_v nominate_v in_o historian_n see_v there_o may_v
of_o barley_n millet_n vetch_n bean_n and_o other_o pulse_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o ebon_n wood_n and_o indian_a pepper_n cinnamon_n and_o ginger_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o sugar_n cane_n but_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o boil_v and_o refine_v the_o sugar_n here_o be_v many_o vine_n but_o they_o use_v no_o wine_n except_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n or_o the_o great_a patriarch_n court_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o orange_n and_o lemon_n and_o also_o great_a store_n of_o honey_n for_o bee_n do_v breed_v even_o in_o their_o house_n so_o that_o they_o make_v such_o store_n of_o wax_n as_o serve_v all_o the_o country_n to_o make_v candle_n without_o tallow_n or_o suet._n this_o country_n have_v also_o hemp_n and_o flax_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v not_o the_o art_n to_o make_v linen_n the_o dukedom_n of_o the_o abissines·_n abissinorum_n regnum_n cloth_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o they_o make_v their_o cloth_n of_o cotton_n wool_n of_o which_o there_o be_v great_a store_n here_o they_o have_v metal_n as_o gold_n silver_n and_o brass_n but_o they_o have_v not_o the_o art_n to_o refine_v it_o moreover_o this_o country_n have_v all_o kind_n of_o beast_n and_o bird_n creature_n as_o elephant_n lion_n tiger_n leopard_n rhinocerite_n ape_n and_o heart_n which_o be_v against_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_n who_o deny_v that_o africa_n have_v any_o heart_n also_o ox_n sheep_n goat_n ass_n camel_n horse_n and_o they_o be_v oftentimes_o much_o trouble_v with_o locust_n this_o country_n be_v heretofore_o govern_v only_o by_o queen_n so_o that_o we_o read_v in_o the_o old_a testament_n that_o the_o queen_n of_o sheba_n of_o the_o south_n come_v to_o king_n solomon_n to_o hear_v his_o admirable_a wisdom_n about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 2954._o this_o queen_n name_n be_v maqueda_n the_o aethiopian_a king_n do_v believe_v that_o they_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o stock_n of_o david_n and_o the_o family_n of_o solomon_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v wont_v to_o style_v themselves_o the_o son_n of_o david_n and_o solomon_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a patriarck_n because_o they_o be_v come_v of_o their_o seed_n for_o they_o do_v fain_o that_o the_o aforesaid_a queen_n maqueda_n have_v a_o son_n by_o solomon_n who_o they_o call_v meilech_n and_o afterward_o he_o be_v call_v david_n he_o according_a to_o their_o fiction_n when_o he_o have_v attain_v to_o 20._o year_n of_o age_n be_v send_v by_o his_o mother_n to_o his_o father_n solomon_n that_o he_o may_v instruct_v he_o in_o all_o profitable_a and_o wholesome_a learning_n and_o wisdom_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o meilech_n or_o david_n have_v attain_v unto_o he_o choose_v many_o priest_n and_o earl_n out_o of_o every_o one_o of_o the_o 12._o tribe_n and_o so_o return_v back_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o aethiope_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n thereof_o and_o he_o bring_v in_o with_o he_o the_o old_a law_n and_o circumcision_n these_o be_v the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o jew_n religion_n in_o aethiopia_n and_o they_o say_v that_o until_o this_o day_n there_o be_v none_o admit_v to_o any_o office_n in_o court_n or_o canonical_a place_n unless_o he_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o jew_n and_o by_o they_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n be_v propagate_v in_o aethiopia_n and_o take_v root_n and_o so_o be_v derive_v and_o spread_v abroad_o by_o succeed_a age_n for_o the_o aethiopian_n have_v the_o book_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o go_v to_o jerusalem_n to_o adore_v and_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n of_o israel_n which_o may_v be_v understand_v by_o the_o story_n of_o queen_n judiths_n eunuch_n who_o be_v proper_o call_v judith_n for_o he_o 10._o year_n after_o the_o death_n and_o resurrection_n of_o jesus_n christ_n come_v 240._o mile_n journey_n to_o jerusalem_n and_o when_o he_o have_v there_o worship_v god_n and_o be_v return_v home_n sit_v in_o his_o chariot_n he_o read_v the_o prophet_n esaiah_n and_o so_o philip_n one_o of_o christ_n disciple_n by_o god_n command_n be_v send_v unto_o he_o and_o when_o they_o come_v both_o to_o the_o city_n bethzur_n three_o mile_n from_o jerusalem_n there_o the_o eunuch_n spy_v a_o spring_n or_o well_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n with_o the_o water_n whereof_o he_o be_v baptize_v by_o philip._n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o eunuch_n return_v into_o aethiopia_n he_o baptize_v the_o queen_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o her_o household_n and_o people_n from_o which_o time_n the_o aethiopian_n begin_v to_o be_v christian_n and_o always_o afterward_o profess_v the_o christian_a faith_n there_o be_v few_o city_n in_o all_o this_o empire_n so_o that_o they_o dwell_v in_o village_n the_o chief_a kingdom_n belong_v to_o the_o high_a aethiopia_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n subject_n to_o prester_n john_n be_v these_o follow_v the_o kingdom_n of_o barnague_n which_o be_v enclose_v with_o the_o river_n abanthus_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v beroae_n or_o barnae_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v colone_n here_o the_o viceroy_n live_v who_o pay_v yearly_o to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o abyssine_n and_o 150._o horse_n for_o a_o tribute_n with_o silk_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o 1000_o ounce_n of_o gold_n to_o the_o turk_n bashaw_n tigremaon_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o the_o river_n marabus_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n do_v pay_v yearly_o to_o the_o king_n 200._o horse_n which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o arabia_n unto_o this_o kingdom_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tigrai_n be_v subject_a in_o which_o there_o be_v the_o city_n caxumo_n or_o cassume_v which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o seat_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o annal_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o sheba_n and_o afterward_o of_o queen_n candace_n the_o kingdom_n of_o angote_n have_v no_o money_n and_o therefore_o they_o use_v in_o stead_n thereof_o piece_n of_o salt_n and_o iron_n amara_fw-la be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o mountain_n in_o which_o the_o emperor_n son_n be_v keep_v with_o a_o strong_a garrison_n that_o after_o the_o emperor_n decease_n the_o heir_n may_v be_v bring_v out_o there_o be_v two_o memorable_a river_n in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o do_v glide_v through_o aethiopia_n abanhi_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v astapus_n and_o tacassi_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v astraboras_n into_o which_o many_o other_o river_n do_v run_v the_o fountain_n of_o abanhi_n be_v the_o great_a lake_n of_o barcena_n lie_v under_o the_o aequinoctial_a in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o land_n this_o lake_n ptolemy_n call_v coloe_n palus_n or_o the_o lake_n coloe_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v profess_v the_o christian_a religion_n inhabitant_n and_o the_o chief_a article_n of_o their_o faith_n be_v these_o they_o believe_v in_o one_o god_n creator_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n distinguish_v into_o three_o person_n god_n the_o son_n beget_v of_o the_o father_n from_o all_o eternity_n who_o for_o our_o sake_n take_v flesh_n upon_o he_o be_v dead_a and_z rise_v again_o and_o god_n the_o holy_a ghost_n proceed_v from_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o their_o religion_n they_o do_v join_v the_o old_a testament_n with_o â—he_n new_a so_o that_o they_o follow_v some_o judaical_a and_o some_o christian_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n on_o the_o eight_o day_n they_o circumcise_v all_o their_o infant_n both_o male_a and_o female_a but_o they_o think_v that_o circumcision_n avail_v nothing_o to_o salvation_n but_o only_a faith_n in_o christ_n jesus_n but_o they_o baptize_v their_o male_a child_n on_o the_o 40._o day_n and_o their_o female_n on_o the_o 80._o day_n unless_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o child_n do_v require_v haste_n they_o every_o year_n baptize_v they_o anew_o both_o those_o that_o be_v come_v to_o ripeness_n of_o year_n and_o also_o infant_n say_v these_o word_n ego_fw-la te_fw-la baptizo_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la patris_fw-la silij_fw-la &_o spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la that_o be_v i_o baptize_v thou_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o they_o do_v religious_o keep_v this_o custom_n from_o their_o ancestor_n not_o to_o extenuate_v or_o weaken_v the_o first_o baptism_n but_o that_o they_o may_v have_v absolution_n from_o their_o sin_n every_o year_n they_o receive_v the_o lord_n supper_n sub_fw-la utraque_fw-la specie_fw-la or_o in_o both_o kind_n both_o the_o lay-people_n and_o the_o clergy_n they_o do_v not_o esteem_v or_o use_v confirmation_n and_o extreme_a unction_n as_o a_o sacrament_n they_o keep_v the_o sabbath_n and_o the_o lord_n day_n without_o do_v any_o work_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o the_o christian_n they_o hold_v that_o the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o show_v we_o our_o sin_n and_o they_o believe_v that_o we_o can_v be_v save_v by_o no_o other_o but_o jesus_n christ_n who_o fulfil_v and_o satisfy_v the_o
law_n for_o we_o they_o love_v and_o reverence_n saint_n but_o make_v no_o invocation_n unto_o they_o they_o do_v much_o honour_n mary_n the_o mother_n of_o christ_n but_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o worship_v she_o nor_o implore_v she_o help_v the_o clergy_n and_o the_o priest_n be_v permit_v to_o many_o as_o well_o as_o the_o lay-people_n and_o they_o punish_v all_o kind_n of_o lust_n and_o fornication_n they_o have_v a_o patriarch_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o all_o their_o church_n who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o approve_a honesty_n grave_n well_o learned_a and_o ancient_a in_o year_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o clergy_n in_o concord_n and_o union_n to_o defend_v the_o ecclesiastic_a discipline_n and_o to_o excommunicate_v rebellious_a person_n the_o election_n and_o choose_n of_o bishop_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a person_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o king_n gvinea_n with_o the_o land_n of_o st._n thomas_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o good-yeere_n the_o kingdom_n of_o guinea_n be_v in_o that_o country_n call_v where_o the_o ganginean_a aethiopian_n be_v who_o orosius_n and_o ethicus_n do_v mention_n as_o ortelius_n witness_v the_o inhabitant_n do_v call_v it_o ghinui_n it_o be_v the_o blackmoores_n country_n the_o blackmoore_n be_v call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o black_a river_n which_o flow_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o country_n and_o like_o nilus_n do_v fertilise_v the_o field_n round_o about_o it_o this_o river_n do_v increase_v as_o nilus_n do_v in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n 40._o day_n together_o all_o which_o time_n you_o may_v go_v by_o boat_n into_o country_n near_o unto_o it_o and_o the_o earth_n be_v so_o dung_v with_o mud_n and_o slime_n so_o that_o it_o yield_v a_o great_a increase_n about_o the_o river_n there_o be_v large_a plain_n but_o no_o mountain_n or_o hill_n there_o be_v also_o many_o wood_n in_o the_o which_o there_o be_v elephant_n there_o be_v also_o many_o lake_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o river_n niger_n the_o air_n be_v wholesome_a in_o so_o much_o that_o those_o who_o be_v sick_a of_o the_o spanish_a disease_n if_o they_o come_v unto_o that_o country_n do_v certain_o recover_v their_o health_n and_o grow_v well_o these_o blackmoore_n have_v a_o divers_a kind_n of_o speech_n according_a to_o the_o soil_n and_o climate_n their_o religion_n be_v also_o diverse_a in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n they_o be_v christian_n mahometans_n and_o heathen_n but_o those_o that_o dwell_v by_o the_o sea_n coast_n do_v worship_n idol_n there_o be_v three_o king_n of_o the_o blackmoore_n tombuti_n borni_n and_o gaogae_fw-la the_o gualatians_n also_o have_v a_o king_n of_o their_o own_o they_o be_v all_o coalblack_a situation_n the_o kingdom_n of_o guinea_n be_v seat_v between_o gualata_n tembutum_fw-la and_o melli_fw-la air_n and_o it_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n niger_n to_o the_o aethiopian_a ocean_n the_o air_n of_o guinea_n be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o our_o body_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o untemperatenesse_n of_o the_o climate_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o rain_n both_o which_o do_v breed_v putrefaction_n and_o worm_n but_o it_o have_v abundance_n of_o barley_n rice_n cotton_n gold_n ivory_n also_o sheep_n and_o hen_n soil_n there_o be_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o spice_n which_o cast_v like_o pepper_n which_o the_o portugal_n call_v melegneta_n and_o another_o spice_n as_o strong_a again_o as_o calicut_n pepper_n which_o the_o aforesaid_a portugal_n do_v call_v pimiente_fw-it del_fw-it rabo_n which_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o sell_v lâ—st_v they_o shall_v thereby_o bring_v down_o the_o price_n of_o common_a pepper_n it_o have_v no_o fruit_n but_o date_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v fain_o to_o fetch_v they_o out_o of_o numidia_n or_o gualata_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o elephant_n and_o ape_n and_o bird_n especial_o peacock_n and_o ash-colour_n popinjay_n or_o parrot_n and_o they_o have_v certain_a small_a bird_n which_o do_v curious_o â—â—ild_v themselves_o a_o nest_n which_o hang_v in_o the_o bough_n of_o the_o tree_n thâ—â—_n have_v neither_o castle_n town_n nor_o city_n but_o they_o have_v one_o great_a village_n in_o which_o the_o prince_n priest_n doctor_n and_o merchant_n do_v dwell_v the_o other_o live_v scatter_o here_o and_o there_o about_o caput_fw-la lupi_fw-la conzalui_fw-la the_o inhabitant_n do_v adore_v the_o sun_n the_o moon_n and_o the_o earth_n upon_o which_o to_o spit_v they_o account_v it_o a_o hâ—inous_a offence_n they_o do_v out_o and_o lance_n their_o flesh_n and_o afterward_o they_o paint_v it_o with_o a_o certain_a colour_a ointment_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v very_o comely_a but_o to_o we_o it_o seem_v a_o fearful_a spectacle_n when_o they_o salute_v their_o prince_n they_o fall_v down_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o clap_v their_o hand_n together_o but_o in_o common_a salutation_n they_o cry_v fuid_a futâ—_n fuiâ—_n they_o do_v not_o drink_v all_o dinner_n time_n but_o when_o they_o have_v dine_v they_o drink_v water_n or_o wine_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o date_n tree_n but_o yet_o this_o date_n tree_n do_v not_o bear_v date_n but_o be_v a_o tree_n different_a from_o it_o which_o send_v forth_o a_o kind_n of_o juice_n at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n they_o cut_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o receive_v the_o bleed_a juice_n which_o distil_v from_o it_o into_o a_o vessel_n and_o drink_v it_o till_o they_o be_v drink_v for_o it_o be_v a_o liquor_n that_o be_v pure_a than_o any_o wine_n it_o be_v of_o a_o ashy_a colour_n and_o they_o call_v it_o mignolum_fw-la this_o tree_n will_v yield_v but_o two_o or_o three_o measure_n in_o one_o day_n this_o tree_n bear_v olive_n the_o oil_n whereof_o have_v a_o threefold_a virtue_n it_o smell_v like_o a_o violet_n taste_v like_o a_o olive_n and_o if_o it_o be_v pour_v or_o lay_v upon_o meat_n it_o die_v it_o like_o saffron_n the_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v both_o go_v bareheaded_a some_o have_v hat_n make_v of_o bark_n of_o tree_n or_o of_o the_o indian_a nut._n some_o of_o they_o do_v bear_v hole_n through_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o their_o nose_n and_o do_v wear_v piece_n of_o ivory_n in_o they_o and_o do_v think_v it_o become_v they_o very_o well_o and_o some_o do_v wear_v ivory_n and_o fish_n shell_n in_o their_o nose_n and_o lip_n they_o make_v their_o apron_n of_o the_o bark_n and_o rind_n of_o tree_n and_o with_o they_o they_o hide_v and_o cover_v their_o secret_a part_n also_o they_o wear_v the_o skin_n of_o ape_n and_o monkey_n which_o be_v fasten_v together_o with_o a_o little_a bell._n they_o paint_v one_o eye_n red_a and_o the_o other_o blue_a the_o rich_a sort_n of_o woman_n do_v wear_v great_a ring_n of_o iron_n copper_n or_o tin_n upon_o their_o thigh_n and_o they_o delight_v very_o much_o in_o their_o foolish_a ill-favoured_a barbarousness_n their_o gold_n coin_n have_v no_o inscription_n on_o it_o and_o they_o use_v iron_n money_n upon_o ordinary_a occasion_n and_o for_o petty_a matter_n the_o island_n of_o s._n thomas_n the_o island_n of_o s._n thomas_n be_v next_o to_o be_v describe_v which_o the_o portugal_n discover_v on_o s._n thomas_n day_n and_o upon_o this_o occasion_n they_o call_v it_o the_o island_n of_o s._n thomas_n it_o be_v situate_a under_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v almost_o round_o the_o diameter_n of_o it_o be_v 60._o mile_n when_o this_o island_n be_v discover_v it_o be_v full_a of_o great_a tree_n who_o bough_n do_v grow_v upward_o it_o have_v never_o any_o plague_n the_o air_n be_v warm_a and_o wholesome_a but_o few_o christian_n do_v live_v here_o to_o 50._o year_n of_o age_n so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v one_o there_o with_o a_o white_a beard_n but_o the_o native_a inhabitant_n do_v live_v until_o they_o be_v a_o hundred_o year_n old_a the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v always_o equal_a in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n and_o gvinea_fw-la gvinea_n be_v thomae_fw-la september_n they_o have_v many_o great_a shower_n of_o rain_n which_o do_v moisten_v the_o ground_n but_o in_o the_o other_o month_n the_o fruit_n be_v water_v and_o refresh_v with_o the_o dew_n that_o fall_v upon_o they_o this_o island_n have_v a_o stiff_a clommy_a soil_n of_o a_o red_a duskish_a colour_n it_o do_v not_o bear_v corn_n vines_n or_o any_o tree_n that_o have_v stone_n fruit_n but_o it_o bear_v melon_n cucumber_n gourd_n fig_n and_o great_a store_n of_o ginger_n and_o especial_o sugar_n for_o which_o they_o do_v bring_v in_o wine_n cheese_n corn_n hides_n and_o other_o necessary_n but_o this_o traffic_n have_v cease_v since_o that_o certain_a worm_n begin_v to_o eat_v the_o root_n of_o the_o sugarcane_n so_o that_o now_o scarce_o 6._o ship_n do_v go_v from_o thence_o load_v with_o sugar_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o millet_n rice_n
â—dumaea_n it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o judah_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a tribe_n in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o city_n and_o town_n but_o the_o fair_a of_o they_o all_o be_v jerusalem_n the_o metropolis_n of_o judaea_n and_o the_o most_o famous_a city_n in_o the_o world_n in_o ptolemy_n time_n it_o be_v call_v aeâ—ia_n capatolia_n and_o now_o the_o barbarous_a inhabitant_n do_v call_v it_o coz_n or_o godz_n or_o chutz_n there_o be_v also_o other_o town_n and_o famous_a place_n in_o judaea_n beside_o jerusalem_n as_o jericho_n joppe_v which_o be_v now_o call_v iâ—ffa_n stratoes_n tower_n afterward_o call_v caesar_n tower_n also_o bethlehem_n chebron_n or_o hebron_n before_o call_v arbee_n and_o mambre_n and_o cariatharbe_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o four_o man_n and_o the_o town_n macherus_n with_o a_o strong_a castle_n beyond_o jordane_n â—ere_z be_v also_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n which_o be_v destroy_v for_o their_o abominable_a wickedness_n samaria_n follow_v which_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o middle_n between_o judaea_n and_o galilee_n it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o amri_n king_n of_o israel_n build_v it_o be_v now_o call_v sebaste_n here_o be_v these_o town_n sichem_n afterward_o call_v neapolis_n also_o capernaum_n bethsaida_n and_o chorazin_n galiley_n be_v situate_a beweene_v the_o mountain_n libaâ—us_n and_o samaria_n and_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o high_a and_o the_o low_a the_o high_a be_v otherwise_o call_v the_o galiley_n of_o the_o gentile_n near_o to_o tyre_n the_o low_a be_v situate_a by_o the_o sea_n of_o tiberias_n or_o genezareth_n the_o city_n in_o it_o be_v naim_n cana_n nazareth_n and_o gadara_n butthe_n whole_a country_n be_v situate_a between_o two_o sea_n and_o the_o river_n jordane_n it_o have_v many_o lake_n which_o be_v navigable_a and_o have_v great_a store_n of_o good_a fish_n but_o the_o river_n jordane_n which_o the_o hebrew_n call_v jarden_n run_v through_o all_o the_o length_n of_o this_o country_n this_o river_n as_o hierome_n write_v issue_v from_o two_o fountain_n not_o far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o namely_o â—or_a and_o dan_n and_o afterward_o these_o two_o fork_a stream_n join_v together_o do_v make_v the_o river_n jordan_n it_o have_v two_o chief_a mountain_n hermon_n on_o the_o east_n and_o tabor_n on_o the_o west_n which_o be_v very_o high_a and_o all_o the_o other_o mountain_n be_v but_o arm_n and_o part_n of_o they_o for_o ebal_n bethoron_n and_o misha_n or_o maspha_n and_o beâ—el_n by_o hermon_n gelboe_n gerizim_n sarona_n and_o last_o carmel_n near_o to_o the_o sea_n be_v but_o part_n of_o the_o mountain_n tabor_n there_o be_v also_o these_o mountain_n mount_v zion_n mount_n moriah_n mount_n olivet_n mount_n calvary_n and_o other_o it_o have_v also_o many_o wood_n wilderness_n and_o grove_n here_o be_v many_o fair_a building_n and_o especial_o at_o jerusalem_n but_o of_o all_o those_o work_n which_o be_v famous_a in_o ancient_a time_n the_o chief_a be_v mons_fw-la domus_fw-la and_o the_o jebusians_n tower_n into_o which_o king_n david_n carry_v the_o ark_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o there_o be_v continue_v until_o salomon_n temple_n be_v build_v and_o consecrate_v of_o which_o there_o be_v some_o ruin_n yet_o remain_v where_o it_o be_v think_v that_o christ_n sup_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o passeover_n there_o be_v also_o some_o monument_n of_o david_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o judah_n there_o be_v also_o david_n house_n which_o be_v still_o preserve_v and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o david_n tower_n here_o also_o some_o ruin_n of_o mello_n at_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o mountain_n moriah_n here_o be_v salomon_n famous_a temple_n which_o be_v 7._o year_n build_v and_o have_v 50000._o man_n work_v daily_o at_o it_o concern_v the_o magnificence_n and_o stateliness_n whereof_o you_o may_v read_v in_o lib._n 1._o of_o the_o king_n cap._n 6.7_o &_o chron._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o &_o 4._o concern_v their_o law_n and_o custom_n for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o will_v add_v nothing_o but_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o book_n of_o moses_n exodus_fw-la leviticus_n number_n and_o deuteronomy_n asia_n the_o less_o which_o be_v now_o call_v anatolia_n call_v asia_n the_o less_o so_o call_v to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o great_a be_v now_o to_o be_v describe_v for_o so_o the_o roman_n when_o they_o make_v a_o province_n do_v call_v it_o after_o the_o name_n of_o the_o continent_n the_o turk_n do_v call_v it_o now_o anatolia_n or_o aâ—atolia_n as_o if_o you_o shall_v say_v the_o east_n country_n from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v the_o east_n which_o peter_n bellonius_fw-la show_v in_o his_o learned_a observation_n of_o his_o travel_n and_o it_o be_v call_v of_o late_a the_o great_a turkey_n marius_n niger_n deliver_v that_o the_o low-country-man_n call_v it_o new_a turkey_n and_o the_o barbarian_n rom_n namely_o the_o northern_a part_n which_o contain_v bythinia_n galatia_n and_o cappadocia_n but_o they_o call_v the_o southern_a country_n in_o which_o be_v licia_n cicilie_n and_o pamphilia_n cottomanidâ—a_n situation_n the_o bound_n of_o this_o country_n on_o the_o east_n be_v the_o river_n euphrates_n on_o the_o south_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n the_o aegean_a sea_n or_o the_o archipelagus_n of_o greece_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o euxine_a sea_n and_o the_o great_a sea_n it_o contain_v therefore_o all_o that_o chersonesus_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o euxine_a the_o cilician_n and_o pamphilian_n sea_n the_o breadth_n of_o it_o according_a to_o pliny_n be_v about_o 200._o mile_n namely_o from_o the_o isacan_a bay_n now_o call_v golfo_n de_fw-fr lajazzo_n and_o the_o amanian_a haven_n even_o to_o trapezunte_n which_o be_v on_o the_o sea_n coast_n in_o which_o he_o consent_v with_o herodotus_n who_o say_v that_o the_o isthmus_n of_o the_o lesser_a asia_n be_v 5._o day_n journey_n this_o country_n be_v not_o inferior_a to_o any_o other_o both_o for_o the_o gentle_a temperateness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o fertility_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n which_o cicero_n witness_v in_o these_o word_n the_o custom_n and_o revenue_n of_o other_o province_n air_n o_o citizen_n be_v so_o small_a that_o we_o be_v not_o content_a to_o undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o province_n for_o they_o but_o asia_n be_v so_o fat_a and_o fruitful_a that_o it_o excel_v all_o other_o country_n both_o for_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o field_n the_o variety_n of_o fruit_n fair_a pasture_n and_o divers_a commodity_n which_o be_v export_v from_o thence_o so_o that_o it_o be_v heretofore_o enrich_v with_o fruitful_a field_n fat_a pasture_n and_o gold-bearing_a river_n beside_o it_o have_v all_o thing_n that_o can_v be_v desire_v want_v nothing_o but_o be_v content_a with_o she_o own_o commodity_n it_o have_v great_a store_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n but_o it_o have_v one_o shrewd_a inconvenience_n which_o be_v that_o it_o be_v often_o trouble_v with_o earthquake_n so_o that_o city_n be_v overthrow_v by_o they_o as_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o tiberius_n caesar_n 12._o city_n in_o asia_n fall_v down_o in_o one_o night_n as_o pliny_n report_v lib._n 2._o in_o this_o asia_n there_o be_v heretofore_o the_o great_a kingdom_n of_o the_o trajans_n of_o croesus_n mithridates_n antiochus_n of_o the_o paphlagonian_o galatian_n cappadocian_o and_o other_o it_o be_v first_o govern_v by_o cyrus_n king_n of_o persia_n government_n afterward_o the_o macedon_n and_o alexander_n captain_n together_o with_o syria_n egypt_n and_o babylon_n do_v divide_v it_o among_o themselves_o afterward_o it_o be_v waste_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o then_o by_o the_o turk_n so_o that_o it_o have_v now_o nothing_o memorable_a in_o it_o and_o it_o be_v all_o subject_n to_o the_o turkish_a emperor_n here_o be_v no_o nobility_n the_o lesser_a asia·_n peregrinatio_fw-la pauli_n in_o qua_fw-la &_o omnis_fw-la loca_fw-la queritâ—â—_n fit_n 〈◊〉_d in_o act_n et_fw-la epistolis_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la et_fw-la apocalâ—psi_fw-la describuntâ—â—_n by_o blood_n or_o descent_n but_o all_o be_v equal_a and_o the_o great_a turk_n use_v they_o as_o slave_n who_o have_v here_o his_o beglerbey_n and_o sangiack_n in_o divers_a country_n and_o province_n anatolia_n contain_v these_o country_n pontus_n bythinia_n asia_n proper_o so_o call_v lycia_n galatia_n pamphilia_n cappadocia_n cilâ—cia_n and_o the_o lesser_a armenia_n pontus_n and_o bythinia_n be_v heretofore_o divide_v and_o part_v by_o the_o little_a river_n sagaris_n flow_v between_o they_o afterward_o they_o be_v reduce_v into_o one_o province_n which_o be_v now_o call_v birsia_n or_o beâ—sangial_a it_o be_v heretofore_o mithridates_n his_o kingdom_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v chalcedon_n niâ—â—media_n cerasus_n prusa_n by_o the_o mountain_n olympus_n where_o the_o great_a turk_n keep_v his_o residence_n before_o he_o take_v
that_o there_o be_v two_o river_n in_o this_o island_n cerus_fw-la and_o neleus_n which_o be_v of_o divers_a nature_n for_o if_o beast_n drink_v out_o of_o one_o of_o they_o their_o hair_n grow_v white_a but_o if_o they_o drink_v of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o other_o river_n their_o hide_n and_o hair_n grow_v black_a there_o be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o livy_n call_v the_o euborian_a bay_n which_o be_v a_o violent_a sea_n and_o flow_v and_o ebbâ—th_v 7._o time_n by_o day_n and_o 7._o time_n by_o night_n with_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n that_o no_o ship_n can_v sail_v against_o it_o there_o be_v also_o the_o mountain_n â—aphaâ—â—us_o famous_a for_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o the_o grecian_n as_o they_o return_v from_o trâ—y_n and_o for_o the_o death_n of_o paâ—amedes_n at_o troy_n the_o son_n of_o eâ—ripides_n nâ—â—plius_n king_n of_o the_o euboean_a island_n cerigo_n ptolemie_n call_v it_o cythera_n pliny_n heretofore_o call_v it_o porpyris_n and_o â—uâ—â—a_o hiu_n call_v it_o pâ—rphyrusa_n from_o the_o great_a store_n of_o porphirie_n marble_n which_o iâ—_n in_o the_o mountain_n it_o be_v now_o call_v cerigâ—â—â—_n be_v thâ—_n first_o island_n of_o the_o aegaean_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n over-against_o the_o laconic_a 〈◊〉_d it_o 〈◊〉_d it_o from_o the_o shore_n of_o peloponnesus_n 5._o mile_n and_o it_o be_v 60._o mile_n in_o compass_n it_o have_v a_o town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o many_o havens_n which_o be_v not_o safe_a and_o secure_a for_o there_o be_v many_o rock_n which_o lie_v scatter_o round_a about_o this_o island_n rhodes·_n there_o remain_v in_o this_o table_n the_o island_n of_o rhodes_n this_o as_o pliny_n witness_v be_v heretofore_o call_v ophtusa_n asteria_n aethraea_n trinâ—â—hia_n corimbia_n aâ—abiria_n and_o macarta_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o continent_n of_o asia_n 20._o mile_n the_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v 140._o mile_n it_o have_v a_o temperate_a and_o gentle_a air_n and_o it_o be_v consecrate_v to_o the_o sun_n because_o there_o be_v no_o day_n wherein_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o shine_v upon_o it_o the_o soil_n be_v fruitful_a and_o the_o meadow_n fertile_a and_o it_o have_v great_a store_n of_o fruit_n tree_n of_o which_o many_o be_v always_o green_a it_o have_v now_o but_o one_o strong_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n partly_o on_o a_o steep_a hill_n and_o partly_o on_o the_o sea_n coast_n it_o have_v a_o fair_a and_o safe_a haven_n and_o it_o be_v well_o fortify_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n thirteen_o high_a tower_n five_o castle_n and_o other_o fort_n and_o bulwark_n and_o it_o have_v a_o university_n which_o heretofore_o be_v as_o famous_a as_o that_o at_o massils_n athens_n alexandria_n and_o â—arsus_fw-la and_o it_o have_v a_o brazen_a colossus_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v seventy_o cubit_n high_a which_o after_o it_o have_v stand_v 56._o year_n it_o be_v throw_v down_o by_o a_o earthquake_n and_o when_o it_o lay_v on_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a sight_n to_o behold_v for_o a_o man_n of_o a_o good_a stature_n can_v not_o fathom_n or_o embrace_v his_o thumb_n and_o the_o finger_n be_v great_a than_o most_o statue_n and_o when_o it_o be_v break_v his_o belly_n do_v gape_v like_o a_o great_a cave_n this_o colossus_n be_v make_v twelve_o year_n and_o three_o hundred_o talent_n of_o brass_n go_v to_o the_o make_n of_o it_o and_z within_z there_o be_v great_a stone_n lay_v that_o may_v make_v the_o work_n stand_v firm_a the_o sultan_n jade_v 700._o camel_n with_o the_o brass_n of_o this_o statue_n the_o kingdom_n of_o persia_n or_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o sophi_n the_o persian_a or_o sophian_a empire_n as_o it_o be_v renown_v heretofore_o so_o now_o also_o it_o be_v very_o famous_a country_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v persian_n they_o be_v call_v also_o ayami_n or_o azamij_fw-la from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o azamia_n which_o some_o think_v be_v heretofore_o call_v assyria_n they_o be_v call_v persian_n from_o persides_n and_o cheselbas_n from_o the_o red_a cap_n or_o hat_n which_o they_o use_v to_o wear_v they_o be_v call_v sophian_o from_o prince_n sophos_n the_o kingdom_n of_o persia_n be_v situate_a between_o the_o turkish_a empire_n situation_n the_o tartarian_n the_o zagatheans_n the_o kingdom_n of_o cambaia_n and_o between_o the_o hyrcanian_a or_o caspian_a sea_n and_o the_o persian_a bay_n it_o have_v thereof_o on_o the_o east_n the_o indies_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cambaja_n from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v and_o part_v by_o the_o mountain_n and_o desert_n on_o the_o north_n be_v the_o tartar_n near_o the_o river_n albianus_fw-la or_o oxus_n the_o rest_n be_v enclose_v with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n be_v the_o turk_n near_o the_o river_n tigris_n and_o the_o lake_n giocho_n on_o the_o south_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o persian_a bay_n and_o the_o indian_a sea_n which_o be_v a_o large_a space_n of_o ground_n for_o it_o contain_v 38._o degree_n of_o longitude_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n and_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n 20._o degree_n concern_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n of_o persia_n q._n curtius_n lib._n 5._o write_v thus_o there_o be_v no_o wholesommer_n country_n in_o all_o asia_n for_o the_o air_n be_v temperate_a here_o a_o continue_a shady_a mountain_n do_v qualify_v the_o heat_n thereof_o and_o there_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o do_v cherish_v it_o with_o a_o temperate_a warmth_n but_o this_o country_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o quality_n nor_o of_o one_o soil_n that_o part_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o persian_a bay_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v water_v with_o river_n and_o also_o that_o part_n towards_o the_o caspian_a sea_n have_v pleasant_a river_n &_o a_o mild_a gentle_a air_n be_v both_o happy_a and_o fruitful_a and_o do_v yield_v all_o kind_n of_o fruit_n and_o do_v breed_v all_o kind_n of_o live_a creature_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o wheat_n barley_n millet_n and_o the_o like_a grain_n and_o also_o metal_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o paulus_n venetus_n witness_v that_o it_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o wine_n the_o other_o part_n be_v desolate_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n and_o dryness_n moreover_o the_o persian_n be_v at_o first_o a_o obscure_a nation_n but_o they_o grow_v famous_a afterward_o by_o their_o king_n cyrus_n who_o have_v get_v the_o empire_n media_n and_o lydia_n join_v it_o to_o persia_n and_o so_o have_v conquer_v asia_n and_o subdue_v all_o the_o east_n he_o leave_v it_o a_o fair_a and_o flourish_a kingdom_n cambyses_n succeed_v his_o father_n who_o add_v egypt_n to_o the_o empire_n after_o who_o persia_n continue_v in_o one_o estate_n until_o daâ—ius_n reign_v who_o be_v conquer_v by_o alexaâ—der_n of_o macedâ—n_n lose_v his_o life_n together_o with_o his_o kingdom_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o king_n 230._o year_n as_o q._n curtius_n affirm_v lib._n 4._o and_o the_o prophet_n jeremiah_n do_v assent_v unto_o he_o at_o the_o 9_o chapter_n of_o daniel_n but_o now_o the_o persian_a empire_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o great_a sophy_n be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a empire_n of_o all_o the_o east_n which_o though_o it_o be_v sometime_o oppress_v by_o the_o saracen_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o tartar_n yet_o it_o grow_v up_o again_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n ishmael_n the_o country_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o persian_a empire_n be_v these_o media_fw-la assyria_n susiana_n mesopotamia_n persis_n parthia_n hyrcania_n margâ—aâ—a_n bactriana_n parâ—pamissus_n aria_n drangiana_n gedrosia_n and_o carmania_n media_n be_v now_o call_v seruan_fw-mi which_o be_v situate_a between_o persia_n and_o the_o hyrcanian_a sea_n it_o have_v on_o the_o east_n hyrcania_n and_o parthia_n on_o the_o west_n the_o great_a armenia_n and_o assyria_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o great_a or_o the_o southern_a and_o the_o northern_a atropatia_n the_o latter_a be_v cold_a and_o therefore_o less_o inhabit_v the_o chief_a city_n be_v smâ—chia_n there_o be_v moreover_o these_o city_n derbâ—nt_n ever_o be_v sechi_n and_o giavot_n the_o great_a be_v more_o inhabit_v it_o have_v also_o the_o city_n tauris_n which_o be_v place_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o oâ—ontis_n be_v 8._o day_n journey_n distant_a from_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v almost_o 16._o mile_n in_o which_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v 200000._o citizen_n the_o ancient_n do_v call_v it_o eâ—batana_n where_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n do_v dwell_v in_o summer_n in_o the_o same_o country_n there_o be_v turcomian_n â—aru_fw-la susâ—an_n nassiva_n ardavil_n and_o marant_a assyria_n which_o be_v now_o call_v arzerum_n have_v on_o the_o east_n media_n on_o the_o west_n mesopotamia_n on_o the_o north_n armenia_n on_o the_o south_n â—usiana_fw-la it_o have_v
the_o heat_n and_o warmth_n whereof_o young_a duck_n be_v hatch_v and_o they_o do_v the_o same_o in_o the_o winter_n time_n but_o then_o they_o do_v not_o lay_v their_o egg_n in_o the_o sand_n but_o under_o a_o wicker_n basket_n or_o pannier_n on_o which_o they_o strew_v warm_a ash_n the_o heat_n whereof_o in_o some_o few_o day_n do_v hatch_v the_o egg_n this_o country_n be_v under_o one_o king_n and_o monarch_n who_o the_o people_n call_v lord_n of_o the_o world_n and_o son_n of_o heaven_n there_o be_v in_o it_o 250._o chief_a city_n who_o name_n do_v end_n in_o furio_n which_o signify_v a_o city_n as_o cotonfu_n panquinfu_n and_o their_o town_n which_o be_v many_o do_v end_n in_o cheu_n there_o be_v innumerable_a sort_n of_o village_n which_o be_v inhabit_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o continual_a tillage_n and_o husbandry_n all_o the_o city_n be_v situate_a by_o the_o bank_n of_o some_o navigable_a river_n &_o fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n and_o deep_a ditch_n there_o be_v many_o pleasant_a lake_n as_o the_o round_a lake_n in_o the_o province_n of_o sancius_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o inundation_n in_o the_o year_n 1557._o which_o be_v memorable_a in_o regard_n that_o 7._o city_n beside_o town_n and_o village_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n be_v drown_v in_o it_o only_o one_o boy_n save_v in_o the_o body_n of_o a_o tree_n the_o river_n and_o the_o sea_n be_v full_a of_o fish_n and_o this_o country_n because_o it_o border_v on_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v many_o navigable_a river_n be_v very_o populous_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o gate_n of_o their_o city_n be_v very_o magnificent_a and_o stately_a build_v the_o street_n be_v as_o straight_o as_o if_o they_o be_v make_v by_o a_o line_n and_o so_o broad_a that_o 10._o or_o 15._o man_n may_v ride_v together_o in_o a_o rank_n and_o these_o be_v distinguish_v and_o sever_v one_o from_o another_o with_o triumphal_a arch_n which_o do_v grace_v the_o city_n very_o much_o the_o portugal_n do_v report_v that_o they_o see_v in_o the_o city_n fuchus_n a_o tower_n which_o be_v build_v on_o 14._o marble_n pillar_n which_o be_v 40._o hand_n breadth_n high_a and_o 12._o broad_a this_o be_v such_o a_o curious_a beautiful_a and_o costly_a work_n that_o it_o far_o exceed_v all_o the_o proud_a and_o magnificent_a structure_n in_o europe_n they_o have_v fair_a temple_n both_o in_o their_o city_n and_o in_o the_o country_n the_o king_n of_o china_n have_v a_o governor_n under_o he_o who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o viceroy_n who_o they_o call_v tutan_n he_o judge_n and_o determine_v all_o suit_n and_o controversy_n within_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v very_o severe_a in_o administer_a justice_n thief_n and_o murderer_n be_v keep_v continual_o in_o prison_n until_o they_o die_v with_o whip_v and_o with_o hunger_n and_o cold_a for_o though_o they_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o whip_v yet_o the_o execution_n be_v so_o long_o delay_v after_o the_o sentence_n be_v give_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o those_o which_o be_v condemn_v do_v die_v in_o prison_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v so_o many_o prisoner_n in_o every_o city_n so_o that_o there_o be_v sometime_o a_o thousand_o prisoner_n in_o the_o city_n canton_n theft_n than_o which_o no_o crime_n be_v more_o hateful_a in_o these_o part_n be_v punish_v with_o whip_v and_o cruel_a stripe_n and_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o whip_n they_o set_v a_o man_n with_o his_o face_n bend_v downward_o with_o his_o hand_n bind_v behind_o he_o and_o then_o they_o whip_v he_o on_o the_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china·_n china_n thigh_n with_o a_o whip_n make_v of_o reed_n and_o cane_n which_o give_v such_o a_o vehement_a stroke_n that_o the_o first_o blow_n will_v make_v the_o blood_n spring_n forth_o and_o the_o second_o blow_n will_v so_o torment_v the_o malefactor_n that_o he_o can_v stand_v upon_o his_o foot_n two_o beadle_n do_v whip_v he_o on_o both_o his_o thigh_n with_o such_o vehemency_n that_o the_o most_o of_o they_o do_v die_v at_o the_o 50._o or_o 60._o stroke_n for_o all_o their_o sinew_n be_v break_v the_o portugal_n report_n that_o every_o year_n above_o 2000_o man_n be_v put_v to_o death_n in_o this_o manner_n their_o whip_n be_v 5._o finger_n thick_a and_o one_o broad_a which_o they_o wet_v continual_o with_o water_n that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o flexible_a and_o may_v give_v the_o strong_a blow_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o man_n to_o have_v many_o wife_n one_o of_o which_o they_o keep_v at_o home_n and_o the_o rest_n in_o other_o place_n they_o punish_v adultery_n with_o death_n in_o the_o city_n there_o be_v no_o brothel_n for_o all_o the_o whore_n be_v banish_v into_o the_o suburb_n they_o celebrate_v their_o nuptial_a feast_n and_o wedding_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o new_a moon_n and_o common_o in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n which_o be_v the_o first_o day_n of_o their_o new_a year_n and_o they_o do_v keep_v these_o festival_n with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o for_o many_o day_n together_o with_o organ_n music_n and_o comical_a play_n the_o chinoan_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n broad_a face_n thin_a beard_n flat_a nose_n and_o little_a eye_n yet_o some_o of_o they_o be_v well_o favour_v enough_o their_o colour_n and_o complexion_n be_v like_o the_o european_n but_o they_o be_v somewhat_o brown_a and_o swarthy_a that_o dwell_v about_o canton_n they_o seldom_o or_o never_o go_v out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n neither_o do_v they_o admit_v any_o stranger_n to_o come_v into_o the_o innermost_a part_n of_o their_o country_n unless_o the_o king_n give_v he_o leave_v they_o be_v as_o stout_a drinker_n as_o the_o german_n and_o dutchman_n concern_v the_o religion_n of_o this_o country_n they_o believe_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v create_v that_o all_o thing_n here_o below_o be_v govern_v from_o above_o and_o from_o the_o heaven_n which_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o the_o god_n who_o they_o express_v by_o the_o first_o character_n of_o their_o alphabet_n they_o do_v worship_v the_o sun_n the_o moon_n and_o the_o star_n and_o the_o devil_n who_o they_o paint_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o europaean_o do_v lest_o he_o shall_v do_v they_o harm_n as_o they_o say_v the_o chinoan_n be_v so_o neat_a in_o make_v all_o kind_n of_o household_n stuff_n that_o they_o seem_v rather_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n then_o of_o art_n the_o use_n of_o ordinance_n and_o the_o art_n of_o printing_n be_v here_o of_o such_o antiquity_n that_o they_o know_v not_o the_o first_o inventor_n thereof_o the_o portugall_n do_v write_v much_o concern_v their_o sagacity_n and_o craftiness_n and_o that_o they_o have_v coach_n which_o will_v go_v with_o sail_n which_o they_o know_v so_o well_o how_o to_o guide_v that_o they_o will_v make_v they_o in_o a_o short_a time_n carry_v they_o by_o land_n whither_o the_o list_n neither_o can_v i_o omit_v their_o clear_a white_a kind_n of_o potter_n ware_n which_o we_o call_v china_n ware_n which_o they_o make_v in_o this_o manner_n they_o mingle_v sea_n snale_n or_o periwinkle_n with_o eggshell_n and_o put_v some_o other_o thing_n to_o they_o they_o beat_v they_o till_o they_o become_v one_o substance_n then_o they_o lay_v it_o under_o the_o ground_n and_o there_o they_o let_v it_o lie_v to_o season_n and_o ripen_v 80._o or_o 100_o year_n and_o they_o leave_v it_o to_o their_o heir_n as_o a_o precious_a treasure_n so_o that_o they_o common_o do_v come_v to_o use_v that_o which_o their_o grandfather_n first_o lay_v to_o ripen_v and_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n observe_v among_o they_o that_o he_o that_o take_v away_o the_o old_a must_v lay_v new_a in_o the_o place_n here_o be_v much_o commerce_n and_o trade_n especial_o for_o sweet_a spice_n and_o â—ilkes_n for_o out_o of_o malacca_n bengala_n and_o other_o place_n pepper_n saffron_n musk_n nut_n cassia_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o sweet_a spice_n be_v bring_v into_o china_n but_o their_o chief_a trade_n be_v in_o silk_n for_o john_n barrius_n in_o his_o decade_n of_o asia_n do_v write_v that_o at_o the_o city_n nimpo_n which_o some_o do_v call_v liampo_n that_o he_o see_v some_o portugal_n in_o three_o month_n space_n that_o carry_v away_o by_o shippin_n 166000._o pound_n weight_n of_o silk_n also_o antonius_n pigiafetta_n do_v afirme_v that_o musk_n be_v bring_v from_o hence_o into_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o andreas_n corsalis_n say_v that_o rheubarb_n and_o pearl_n be_v bring_v from_o hence_o the_o east_n indies_n the_o indies_n be_v the_o great_a country_n in_o asia_n it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n indus_n ptolemie_n devide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n
and_o so_o transport_v to_o other_o nation_n here_o be_v many_o hill_n on_o which_o flock_n of_o sheep_n do_v graze_v which_o be_v esteem_v not_o only_o for_o their_o flesh_n which_o be_v very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a but_o also_o for_o the_o fineness_n of_o their_o wool_n and_o these_o flock_n of_o sheep_n do_v prosper_v and_o increase_v through_o the_o wholsomnesse_n of_o the_o air_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o scarcity_n of_o tree_n on_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o freeness_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n from_o wolf_n this_o country_n abound_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n &_o live_a creature_n except_o ass_n mule_n camel_n elephant_n and_o a_o few_o other_o there_o be_v not_o where_o better_a or_o fierce_a mastiff_n no_o where_n great_a store_n of_o crow_n or_o great_a plenty_n of_o kite_n that_o prey_n upon_o young_a chicken_n than_o here_o the_o roman_n do_v command_v the_o better_a part_n of_o britain_n almost_o five_o hundred_o year_n namely_o from_o the_o time_n of_o christ_n caius_n julius_n caesar_n to_o the_o time_n of_o bede_n theodosius_n the_o young_a when_o the_o legion_n and_o garrison_n of_o rome_n be_v call_v to_o defend_v france_n they_o leave_v the_o isle_n of_o britain_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o southern_a part_n thereof_o be_v invade_v by_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n who_o violence_n when_o the_o briton_n can_v no_o long_o sustain_v they_o call_v the_o saxones_n out_o of_o germany_n man_n accustom_v to_o war_n for_o their_o aid_n these_o saxon_n assist_v they_o in_o the_o beginning_n but_o afterward_o be_v allure_v with_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n or_o persuade_v by_o the_o friendship_n and_o familiarity_n of_o the_o pict_n or_o stir_v up_o by_o their_o own_o treacherous_a mind_n they_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o pict_n against_o the_o briton_n and_o have_v drive_v out_o their_o host_n they_o themselves_o possess_v their_o place_n england_n contain_v many_o city_n city_n and_o fair_a town_n among_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v london_n york_n canterbury_n bristol_n gloucester_n shrewsbury_n winchester_n bath_n cambridge_n oxford_n norwich_n sandwich_n with_o many_o other_o which_o we_o will_v delineate_v in_o our_o particular_a description_n the_o chief_a river_n be_v thames_n humber_n river_n trent_n ouse_n and_o severne_n of_o which_o in_o their_o place_n the_o ocean_n which_o wash_v this_o isle_n sea_n do_v abound_v with_o plenty_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o fish_n among_o which_o be_v the_o pike_n which_o with_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v in_o great_a esteem_n so_o that_o some_o time_n they_o take_v he_o out_o of_o moorish_a lake_n into_o fishpond_n where_o after_o he_o have_v scour_v himself_o be_v feed_v with_o eel_n and_o little_a fish_n he_o grow_v wonderful_a fat_a moreover_o there_o be_v no_o where_n more_o delicate_a oyster_n or_o great_a plenty_n of_o they_o than_o here_o the_o especial_a havens_n of_o england_n be_v these_o port_n first_o davernas_n common_o call_v dover_n which_o be_v the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n seat_v on_o a_o hill_n and_o well_o furnish_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o armour_n second_o muntsbay_n of_o a_o great_a breadth_n in_o cornwall_n where_o there_o be_v a_o safe_a harbour_n for_o ship_n there_o be_v also_o volemouth_n or_o falemouth_n torbay_n southampton_a and_o many_o other_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v supreme_a power_n and_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a but_o god_n his_o subject_n be_v either_o the_o laiety_n or_o the_o clergy_n government_n the_o laiety_n be_v either_o noble_n or_o commons_o the_o noble_n be_v either_o of_o the_o great_a rank_n as_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n baron_n and_o banneret_n who_o have_v these_o title_n by_o inheritance_n or_o else_o be_v confer_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o king_n for_o their_o virtue_n the_o lesser_a nobles_n be_v baronet_n knight_n esquire_n and_o those_o which_o common_o be_v call_v gentleman_n the_o gentleman_n be_v those_o who_o be_v honour_v by_o their_o birth_n or_o those_o who_o virtue_n or_o fortune_n do_v lift_v they_o up_o and_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o man_n the_o citizen_n or_o burgess_n be_v those_o who_o in_o their_o several_a city_n do_v bear_v public_a office_n and_o have_v their_o place_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n the_o yeoman_n be_v those_o who_o the_o law_n call_v legal_a man_n and_o do_v receive_v out_o of_o the_o land_n which_o they_o hold_v at_o the_o least_o forty_o shilling_n yearly_a the_o tradesman_n england_n anglia_fw-it be_v those_o who_o work_n for_o wage_n or_o hire_n all_o england_n be_v divide_v into_o nine_o and_o thirty_o justice_n shire_n and_o these_o shire_n be_v divide_v into_o hundred_o and_o tithing_n in_o each_o of_o these_o county_n be_v one_o man_n place_v call_v the_o king_n praefect_n or_o lieutenant_n who_o office_n be_v to_o take_v care_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o every_o year_n there_o be_v one_o choose_v who_o they_o call_v the_o sheriff_n that_o be_v the_o provost_z of_o the_o shire_n who_o may_v be_v right_o call_v the_o questor_n of_o the_o county_n or_o province_n for_o it_o be_v his_o office_n to_o collect_v public_a money_n to_o distrain_v for_o trespass_n and_o to_o bring_v the_o money_n into_o the_o exchequer_n to_o assist_v the_o judge_n &_o to_o execute_v their_o command_n to_o empannell_n the_o jury_n who_o be_v to_o inquire_v concern_v matter_n of_o fact_n &_o bring_v in_o their_o verdict_n to_o the_o judge_n for_o the_o judge_n in_o england_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o right_n not_o of_o the_o fact_n to_o bring_v the_o condemn_v to_o execution_n &_o to_o decide_v of_o themselves_o small_a controversy_n but_o in_o great_a matter_n those_o judge_n do_v administer_v right_a who_o they_o call_v itinerarie_a judge_n &_o judge_n of_o assize_n who_o twice_o every_o year_n do_v visit_v most_o of_o these_o shire_n to_o determine_v and_o end_v matter_n of_o difference_n and_o also_o to_o give_v judgement_n upon_o prisoner_n for_o asmuch_o as_o concern_v ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n england_n have_v now_o two_o province_n and_o also_o two_o archbishop_n the_o archb._n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n and_o the_o archb._n of_o york_n under_o these_o be_v seven_o and_o twenty_o bishop_n two_o &_o twenty_o under_o canterbury_n and_o the_o other_o five_o under_o york_n the_o tribunal_n or_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o england_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n for_o some_o be_v spiritual_a some_o temporal_a and_o one_o mix_v which_o they_o call_v the_o parliament_n consist_v of_o the_o three_o order_n of_o england_n and_o it_o represent_v the_o body_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n this_o parliament_n the_o king_n call_v and_o appoint_v according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n he_o have_v the_o chief_a authority_n in_o make_v confirm_a abrogate_a and_o interpret_n of_o law_n and_o in_o all_o thing_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o temporal_a court_n be_v twofold_a namely_o of_o law_n and_o of_o equity_n the_o court_n of_o law_n be_v the_o king_n bench_n the_o star-chamber_n the_o common_a plea_n the_o exchequer_n the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_o livery_n the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o assize_n we_o omit_v other_o which_o be_v obscure_a the_o king_n bench_n be_v so_o call_v because_o the_o king_n be_v wont_a to_o sit_v in_o it_o and_o it_o handle_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o star-chamber_n or_o rather_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n counsel_n be_v that_o in_o which_o criminal_a matter_n be_v handle_v as_o perjury_n imposture_n deceit_n and_o the_o like_a the_o common_a plea_n be_v so_o call_v because_o common_a plea_n be_v try_v there_o between_o the_o subject_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o they_o call_v the_o common_a law_n the_o exchequer_n derive_v its_o name_n from_o a_o four_o square_a table_n cover_v with_o a_o chequer-cloth_n at_o which_o the_o baron_n sit_v in_o it_o all_o cause_n be_v hear_v which_o belong_v to_o the_o exchequer_n the_o court_n of_o ward_n have_v his_o name_n from_o ward_n who_o cause_n it_o handle_v the_o admiral_n court_n handle_v sea-matter_n those_o which_o we_o call_v the_o assize_n be_v hold_v twice_o in_o a_o year_n in_o most_o shire_n in_o which_o two_o judge_n of_o assize_n appoint_v for_o it_o with_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n do_v inquire_v and_o determine_v of_o civil_a and_o criminal_a matter_n the_o court_n of_o equity_n be_v the_o chancery_n the_o court_n of_o request_n and_o the_o council_n in_o the_o marsh_n of_o wales_n the_o chancery_n draw_v its_o name_n from_o the_o chancellor_n who_o sit_v there_o this_o court_n give_v judgement_n according_a to_o equity_n and_o the_o extreme_a rigour_n of_o the_o law_n be_v thereby_o
do_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a it_o seem_v that_o after_o that_o time_n the_o arâ—itrarie_a erection_n and_o raise_n of_o kingdom_n and_o principality_n do_v fâ—â—le_a the_o monarch_n now_o contrive_v how_o to_o establish_v a_o settle_a empire_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o just_a proportion_n and_o harmony_n of_o its_o part_n as_o in_o man_n the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n to_o the_o head_n therefore_o that_o some_o order_n may_v be_v perpetual_o keep_v in_o principality_n and_o in_o government_n i_o suppose_v that_o at_o length_n about_o the_o same_o time_n which_o i_o mention_v before_o these_o aforesaid_a law_n be_v devise_v and_o so_o reader_n thou_o have_v the_o distinct_a degree_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o dignity_n now_o if_o thou_o observe_v how_o province_n in_o every_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v in_o respect_n of_o they_o how_o the_o government_n and_o administration_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o in_o what_o proportion_n it_o be_v distribute_v among_o these_o degree_n what_o be_v every_o one_o peculiar_a office_n what_o be_v the_o habitude_n or_o relation_n which_o they_o have_v one_o to_o a_o other_o and_o especial_o to_o their_o head_n you_o shall_v behold_v either_o a_o excellent_a harmony_n tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n strength_n and_o power_n riches_n and_o state_n virtue_n and_o wisdom_n to_o the_o majesty_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o the_o enlarge_n of_o territory_n or_o a_o confuse_a disorder_n tend_v to_o instability_n declination_n destruction_n or_o inundation_n according_a as_o there_o be_v divers_a kind_n of_o government_n if_o those_o matter_n which_o thou_o shall_v see_v or_o judge_v do_v succeed_v ill_o thou_o may_v consider_v whence_o that_o ill_a success_n proceed_v but_o if_o thou_o find_v any_o prosperous_a and_o successful_a event_n search_v the_o cause_n thereof_o so_o thou_o shall_v behold_v which_o be_v the_o best_a policy_n in_o govern_v of_o commonweal_n and_o shall_v study_v geography_n with_o more_o profit_n a_o admonition_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n follow_v when_o it_o be_v my_o purpose_n to_o reduce_v all_o geography_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o heaven_n that_o the_o just_a symmetry_n of_o place_n as_o they_o lie_v in_o the_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v observe_v in_o plano_fw-la or_o on_o a_o plain_a superficies_n a_o due_a proportion_n of_o degree_n of_o longitude_n be_v to_o be_v set_v down_o according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n see_v therefore_o the_o table_n can_v contain_v but_o a_o few_o degree_n of_o latitude_n i_o have_v reduce_v the_o proportion_n thereof_o almost_o to_o the_o middle_a parallel_n of_o the_o table_n so_o that_o what_o the_o proportion_n be_v of_o that_o parallel_n to_o the_o meridian_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n to_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o so_o all_o the_o meridian_n be_v parallel_n one_o to_o a_o other_o but_o see_v there_o be_v more_o degree_n of_o latitude_n because_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n of_o proportion_n in_o the_o parallel_n both_o in_o the_o top_n and_o the_o bottom_n unto_o the_o meridian_n lest_o the_o symmetric_a of_o place_n shall_v not_o be_v true_a i_o have_v choose_v two_o parallel_n almost_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o middle_n and_o the_o extreme_n to_o the_o proportion_n whereof_o i_o have_v draw_v the_o meridian_n to_o design_n and_o note_v out_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n which_o be_v not_o then_o parallel_n but_o according_a to_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a distance_n of_o the_o assume_v parallel_n they_o do_v incline_v more_o or_o less_a one_o to_o a_o other_o and_o to_o the_o middle_a meridian_n of_o the_o table_n moreover_o thou_o shall_v find_v the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n design_v and_o set_v forth_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o table_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o table_n and_o of_o longitude_n on_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n see_v according_a to_o the_o usual_a manner_n of_o geographer_n we_o place_v the_o north_n on_o the_o high_a part_n but_o if_o the_o country_n to_o be_v describe_v be_v more_o extend_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o north_n than_o towards_o the_o east_n and_o west_n then_o common_o we_o place_v the_o west_n upward_o howsoever_o it_o be_v make_v the_o east_n and_o west_n side_n shall_v always_o represent_v unto_o thou_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o other_o two_o side_n the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o all_o the_o degree_n be_v divide_v into_o 60_o part_n which_o they_o call_v minute_n sometime_o into_o single_a part_n when_o the_o magnitude_n will_v permit_v sometime_o into_o two_o five_o or_o ten_o this_o foundation_n be_v lay_v we_o have_v follow_v the_o best_a description_n in_o delineat_v of_o country_n in_o which_o i_o have_v much_o help_n from_o a_o famous_a measurer_n of_o country_n and_o a_o most_o diligent_a geographer_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n call_v christianus_n grothenius_n who_o have_v view_v many_o country_n and_o describe_v they_o more_o large_o and_o exact_o than_o any_o other_o and_o also_o from_o a_o most_o diligent_a geographer_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n abraham_n ortelius_n who_o be_v candour_n and_o courtesy_n itself_o and_o who_o in_o evidence_n thereof_o liberal_o communicate_v unto_o i_o what_o table_n soever_o he_o have_v get_v though_o he_o have_v the_o same_o purpose_n that_o i_o intend_v those_o who_o beside_o do_v help_v i_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o i_o will_v mention_v in_o due_a place_n so_o that_o student_n may_v give_v they_o their_o deserve_a praise_n and_o i_o may_v not_o be_v find_v ungrateful_a and_o whatsoever_o have_v be_v offer_v i_o by_o other_o and_o i_o find_v out_o by_o my_o own_o diligent_a search_n i_o have_v compare_v together_o that_o as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v i_o may_v set_v forth_o accurate_a description_n yet_o in_o one_o thing_n which_o i_o chief_o desire_v i_o be_o defective_a namely_o in_o a_o exact_a number_n and_o reckon_n up_o of_o principality_n &_o nobleman_n place_n which_o be_v much_o seek_v for_o in_o table_n that_o be_v set_v forth_o therefore_o reader_n thou_o must_v pardon_v that_o defect_n and_o vouchsafe_v to_o help_v i_o in_o describe_v the_o political_a order_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o in_o show_v their_o place_n name_n and_o quality_n which_o will_v be_v a_o honour_n and_o grace_n unto_o thy_o name_n little_o round_a circle_n do_v show_v the_o true_a situation_n of_o every_o place_n from_o whence_o their_o distance_n be_v to_o be_v take_v and_o these_o have_v some_o mark_n whereby_o place_n be_v distinguish_v one_o from_o a_o other_o the_o village_n be_v mark_v only_o by_o round_a circle_n where_o we_o meet_v with_o a_o castle_n we_o mark_v it_o in_o this_o manner_n and_o where_o with_o friaries_n with_o a_o cross_n thus_o town_n have_v two_o tower_n at_o least_o and_o village_n of_o note_n where_o nobleman_n reside_v one_o these_o thing_n we_o observe_v as_o note_n and_o we_o have_v take_v easy_a mark_n for_o distinction_n that_o so_o any_o may_v supply_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v omit_v if_o any_o one_o will_v find_v out_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o any_o place_n latitude_n he_o shall_v do_v it_o where_o the_o meridian_n be_v parallel_n by_o take_v with_o a_o pair_n of_o compass_n the_o distance_n thereof_o from_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o table_n and_o by_o apply_v the_o compass_n so_o open_v to_o the_o other_o side_n if_o you_o have_v take_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o east_n side_n the_o compass_n from_o the_o same_o side_n in_o the_o north_n side_n will_v show_v the_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o longitude_n but_o if_o you_o have_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o north_n side_n it_o will_v show_v you_o the_o latitude_n in_o the_o east_n side_n when_o the_o meridian_n be_v not_o parallel_n the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n shall_v be_v find_v out_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o in_o universal_a table_n where_o the_o parallel_n be_v circular_a for_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n take_v from_o the_o next_o parallel_n will_v show_v the_o same_o in_o the_o east_n side_n but_o the_o longitude_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v out_o with_o a_o thread_n or_o ruler_n lay_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o turn_v about_o until_o on_o the_o north_n and_o south_n side_n the_o same_o minute_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n be_v on_o either_o side_n design_v and_o whatsoever_o that_o be_v be_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n assume_v the_o mile_n in_o divers_a country_n do_v differ_v much_o therefore_o if_o you_o please_v to_o compare_v they_o one_o to_o a_o other_o bring_v they_o with_o your_o compass_n to_o the_o degree_n of_o
there_o be_v also_o many_o other_o small_a river_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o mountain_n except_o southward_o where_o it_o be_v part_v from_o huâ—gary_n by_o the_o sarmatian_a and_o carpathian_n mountain_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v taury_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o wood_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o wood_n hercinia_n but_o so_o much_o hitherto_o the_o politic_a state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n have_v 2._o member_n the_o first_o be_v the_o clergy_n in_o which_o be_v the_o two_o archbishopric_n of_o gnesna_n and_o leopolis_n the_o bishop_n of_o cracovia_n of_o ploczko_n of_o chelma_n vladislavia_n pomesania_n varmia_n culma_n and_o sambiensis_n posnonia_n proemislia_n cavenez_n vilna_n medincque_fw-la luceoria_fw-la in_o livonia_n the_o bishop_n of_o riga_n dirpta_n absel_n and_o revalia_n second_o the_o nobles_n in_o which_o there_o be_v castellanus_fw-la cracowvia_n the_o palatine_a of_o cracovia_n posnania_n sandomiria_n kalischy_n siradia_n lancisa_fw-la brezeste_fw-la inowladislavia_n russia_n podalia_n lublin_n belze_n plocense_n mozavia_n rava_n also_o in_o lithuania_n the_o palatine_n of_o vilna_n of_o trochy_n poletsho_n novogrod_n and_o vitellia_n also_o in_o prussia_n the_o palitnes_n of_o culma_n marienbourg_n &_o pomerania_n the_o count_n be_v of_o pâ—snania_n sand_n miria_fw-la kalische_n voinice_n gnesne_n siradiâ—_n lancise_n brizeste_n inowladeslavia_n leopolis_n camenezia_n lublin_n belze_n plocense_n geine_n ravense_a sandecia_n myedzeris_fw-la visâ—icie_n biece_n rogostia_n radom_n zawichost_n landâ—nse_n streme_a zarnowe_v mologost_n viâ—lune_n premisâ—ia_n haine_n saâ—â—e_n chelme_fw-mi dobrine_n polaneâ—ce_n premetense_n criswinense_n czecovia_n nacle_n rospirie_n byechouâ—a_o bydgostia_fw-la brezezine_n crininice_n osvecimense_n camenetz_n spicimirie_n inowlodense_a revalia_n zavoloo_n sachazonia_n vasovia_n gostine_n visne_n raciez_n sieprecense_n wisogrod_n riprin_n zabrochzinense_n circhanovia_n livense_n in_o lithuania_n there_o be_v old_a palatine_n of_o vilna_n and_o trochi_n in_o prussia_n of_o culma_n elbingen_n and_o pomerania_n there_o be_v many_o captain_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o two_o marshal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o court._n the_o ecclesiastic_a do_v consist_v of_o these_o archbishop_n &_o bishop_n aforesaid_a the_o noble_a man_n be_v very_o sharp_a witted_a and_o they_o do_v travel_n into_o foreign_a country_n to_o get_v knowledge_n and_o language_n they_o be_v courageous_a and_o do_v not_o fear_v the_o stout_a enemy_n and_o if_o the_o noble_n do_v wrong_v they_o all_o their_o kinsfolk_n and_o friend_n do_v join_v with_o they_o to_o revenge_v it_o and_o do_v never_o cease_v until_o they_o have_v revenge_v it_o or_o lose_v their_o own_o life_n last_o they_o be_v not_o so_o liberal_a as_o prodigal_n both_o in_o banquet_v and_o imoderate_a gift_n and_o also_o in_o keep_v a_o great_a retinue_n or_o number_n of_o servant_n who_o they_o cloth_n and_o feed_v silesia_n and_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n silesia_n remain_v which_o i_o will_v brief_o unfold_v it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n as_o conradus_n celtes_n witness_v other_o have_v other_o derivation_n it_o be_v bounderd_v on_o the_o north_n and_o east_n with_o polonia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o moravia_n and_o the_o wood_n hercynia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o part_n of_o lusitia_n and_o bohemia_n it_o be_v 200._o mile_n long_a and_o 80._o broad_a though_o the_o air_n be_v somewhat_o cold_a yet_o it_o be_v mild_a and_o gentle_a the_o country_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v water_v with_o many_o brook_n and_o rivers_n be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o most_o place_n and_o it_o have_v in_o some_o part_n vein_n of_o gold_n silver_n lead_v and_o iron_n it_o yield_v also_o clothe_v for_o itself_o and_o many_o other_o country_n beside_o the_o city_n be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o adorn_v with_o law_n and_o good_a arts._n the_o metropolis_n thereof_o be_v vratislavia_n some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v that_o which_o ptolemy_n call_v budorchis_n it_o be_v common_o call_v breslaw_n duglossus_n write_v that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o mieslaus_fw-la duke_n of_o polonia_n a_o little_a before_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1000_o and_o 40._o year_n afterward_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o a_o bishopric_n by_o casimirus_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o it_o increase_v so_o much_o that_o the_o bishop_n of_o this_o city_n be_v call_v the_o golden_a bishop_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o riches_n in_o the_o year_n 1341._o it_o be_v burn_v down_o but_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o three_o make_v it_o in_o stead_n of_o brick_n of_o gold_n on_o the_o steeple_n of_o st._n elizabeth_n church_n there_o be_v this_o inscription_n mirabilis_fw-la in_o altis_fw-la dominus_fw-la the_o situation_n the_o beauty_n of_o the_o house_n tower_n and_o church_n the_o fair_a bridge_n and_o large_a street_n do_v much_o set_v forth_o this_o city_n nissa_n be_v a_o episcopal_a city_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o this_o country_n 15._o duke_n lignicensis_fw-la bregensis_n teschinensis_n monsterbergensis_n olsvicensis_n and_o beoustadiensis_n and_o three_o ancient_a family_n namely_o ligvicensis_n teschinensis_fw-la and_o monsterbergensis_n tropaviensis_n opeliensis_n nissensis_n vratislavensis_n or_o breslauw_n swidnisensis_n hurensis_n glagoviensis_n ratibonensis_n and_o sagonensis_n but_o these_o latter_a honour_n the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n since_o the_o decease_n of_o their_o lord_n have_v get_v there_o be_v three_o baronye_n namely_o of_o trachenberg_n of_o vertenberg_n and_o plessensis_fw-la the_o king_n high_a court_n in_o silesia_n be_v keep_v at_o vratislavia_n where_o there_o be_v a_o bishop_n seat_n as_o also_o at_o kissa_n viadrus_n run_v through_o this_o country_n into_o which_o many_o river_n and_o stream_n do_v flow_v as_o elsa_n ola_n bobrus_n barusin_n and_o other_o poland_n poland_n which_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o europian_n sarmatia_n be_v both_o long_a and_o wide_a and_o do_v take_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o field_n and_o plain_a ground_n for_o pole_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o plain_a it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a country_n have_v on_o the_o north_n borussia_n and_o pomerania_n on_o the_o east_n massovia_n and_o lithuania_n on_o the_o south_n russia_n and_o the_o mountain_n of_o hungaria_n on_o the_o west_n lusatia_n silesia_n and_o moravia_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a poland_n the_o great_a be_v more_o northward_o and_o the_o river_n varta_n run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o the_o lesser_a be_v southward_o and_o the_o river_n vistula_n glide_v through_o it_o the_o polander_n be_v descend_v from_o the_o sclavonian_n as_o neugebaverus_fw-la witness_v lib._n rer._n polonicar_n and_o their_o kingdom_n be_v never_o so_o large_a as_o it_o be_v now_o because_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o lituania_n &_o livonia_n be_v join_v unto_o it_o albeit_o the_o king_n of_o swethland_n have_v late_o get_v a_o great_a part_n of_o these_o province_n it_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n note_n &_o obrá_fw-fr which_o do_v divide_v it_o from_o marchia_n and_o from_o the_o river_n odera_n which_o do_v part_v it_o from_o silesia_n even_o to_o beresaia_n and_o borysthenes_n which_o seperate_v it_o from_o moscovia_n and_o so_o it_o extend_v west_n and_o east_n 120._o german_n mile_n and_o as_o much_o from_o the_o far_a part_n of_o livonia_n to_o the_o confine_n of_o hungary_n and_o so_o be_v of_o a_o round_a form_n it_o be_v very_o wide_a and_o capacious_a there_o be_v in_o the_o great_a poland_n these_o principal_a city_n posnavia_n build_v by_o the_o river_n varta_fw-la and_o prosna_n between_o the_o hill_n with_o a_o double_a wall_n it_o have_v fair_a slate_v house_n and_o great_a suburb_n by_o the_o far_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n varta_fw-la be_v encompass_v with_o a_o great_a lake_n and_o marsh_n and_o have_v two_o famous_a fair_n every_o year_n it_o be_v a_o bishop_n seat_n and_o have_v many_o town_n under_o it_o calisia_n be_v a_o wall_a city_n among_o the_o marsh_n by_o which_o the_o river_n prosna_n run_v it_o have_v sometime_o a_o strong_a well_o fortify_v castle_n as_o the_o ruin_n do_v testify_v there_o be_v other_o town_n also_o subject_a unto_o it_o gnesna_n be_v wall_v about_o be_v situate_a in_o a_o plain_a between_o lake_n and_o hill_n and_o it_o be_v a_o archbishop_n seat_n this_o city_n be_v first_o build_v by_o lechus_n in_o which_o boleslaus_n chabri_n prince_n of_o polonia_n receive_v the_o royal_a diadem_n from_o the_o emperor_n otto_n the_o iii_o when_o before_o that_o time_n poland_n be_v only_o a_o dukedom_n siradia_n be_v a_o wooden_a city_n wall_a and_o seat_v on_o a_o plain_a it_o have_v a_o strong_a castle_n by_o the_o river_n varta_fw-la this_o city_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o dukedom_n which_o dignity_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n second_o son_n it_o have_v also_o many_o town_n under_o it_o among_o which_o be_v petricovia_n which_o be_v heretofore_o of_o great_a