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A30985 Several miscellaneous and weighty cases of conscience learnedly and judiciously resolved / by the Right Reverend Father in God, Dr. Thomas Barlow ... Barlow, Thomas, 1607-1691. 1692 (1692) Wing B843; ESTC R21506 129,842 472

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done For the First notwithstanding what Erastus with his Followers and Selden of late have said I believe it to be a manifest Truth That in every Christian Nation there are or should be two divine distinct Powers 1. Sacred or Spiritual 2. Civil or Temporal In both which Powers we may consider 1. Principium a quo the Principle and immediate Cause from whence they flow and from whence they are derived to Men and thus the Temporal Power is immediately from God as he is the great Maker and Monarch of the World by whom Kings reign who communicates his Power and Name to Magistrates so that they are not only Rom. 13. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 his Delegates and Substitutes but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gods too Psal. 82. I have said ye are Gods 2. The Spiritual Power is from Christ as Head of his Church his Father gave him All Power in Heaven and earth and some of that Power he hath communicated to his Apostles and Ministers who are his Ambassadors Pastors of his People and Stewards of his Houshold 2. Subjectum in quo the civil Power in the civil Magistrate the sacred Power in the Ministers 3. Finis in quem tendunt the one being ordained to procure our temporal Good here the other our eternal Good hereafter This premised I say That the Jews neither desiring nor intending to be Members of our Church but only of our Common-weal their Admission or Exclusion depends only on the Civil Power For the Command of the Common-weal as it is a civil Society being solely in the Civil Magistrate to him only it will belong to judge whether it be fit to admit or exclude them and to do accordingly 'T is true the Kingdom of Christ his Church is not a Temporal but a Spiritual Society which he rules inwardly by his Spirit outwardly by his Ministers Bishops or Presbiters or Pastors call them what you will who are his Ambassadours and Stewards who have a Law to rule by the Gospel of Jesus Christ. To these he hath committed the Keys of his House and Kingdom so that they and they only can admit Men into it by Baptism and exclude by Excomunication The end and use of a Key being to open and shut and these Keys committed to them they only have the use of them and according to the best of their Skill are to use them accordingly On which Principles it follows that the Jews neither being Christians nor for ought appears intending to be their Admission or Exclusion no way belongs to the Spiritual Governours of the Church their sacred Jurisdiction being only over the Houshold of Faith the Christian Church of which the Jews are no part and therefore not under that Jurisdiction So that I doubt not but the Admission or Nonadmission of the Jews belongs only to the Civil not Sacred Power 2. The Second Query is In what things they are to be tolerated And to this I say 1. That there is an Antithesis and Opposition between Approbation and Toleration of any thing so that in propriety of Speech we approve good tolerate bad things And then when the Question is about the Toleration of the Jews we suppose that there is some evil in them which for some Reasons some Ends and Purposes is to be tolerated in our Christian Common-weal 2. That evils may be of two sorts 1. Such as are against the Law of Nature 2. Such as are against positive Law that we usually call the Law of Nature this the Law of Scripture both Divine For in this Case the humane Laws come not in Consideration For if it please the supreme Magistrate to admit them by a Law then all humane Laws of this Common-weal if there be any against them are ipso facto null and abrogated And so their Admission the will of the State legally declared for it being supposed cannot possibly be against any positive Law of this Common-weal 2. Now then for the first sort of evils such as are against the Law of Nature and are intrinsecè ex naturà suàmala these no Magistrate may tolerate The Obligation of the Law of Nature is so inviolable that God himself in all the Old Testament never gave any Dispensation of that Law nor Toleration of any sins against it much less can the Civil Magistrate who is but his Vicegerent and Deputy and neither hath nor can have any Commission to do more than his great Lord and Master 'T is true the Magistrate is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gods Minister and Vice-gerent and so Custos utriksque tabulae armed with the Sword of Justice which he must not bear in vain but is bound by his place and that sacred calling he carries to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Revenger of such Sins and a Punisher of Malefactors against the Law of Nature And that we may apply this in Hypothesi to our particular Case of the Readmission of the Jews I say 1. That in the Law of Moses and the whole old Testament there is nothing contained to the contrary or repugnant to the Law of Nature 2. That this Law of Moses and the old Testament is or at least should be the adequate rule of the Jews Religion and therefore so long as they keep to this there is no thing in their Religion which is intollerable on this Account as being against the Law of Nature 3. But if there be any thing in their Religion as now they profess it superinduced by Error or Custom which is indeed against Jus naturale that should not be tolerated in this or any Christian Common-wealth And if the Christian Magistrate tye them to abstain from all Idolatry Blasphemy Murther Adultery and all such other Sins against the Light and Law of Nature he tyes them to no more then they in their flourishing State of their Common-weal ty'd others For though they did not require of their Proselytes those of the Gate I mean to submit to the positive Law and Precepts of Moses yet they did universally require of them to abstain from Blasphemy Idolatry and all natural Injustice as is manifest in Josephus the Sacred Text it self and their Rabbinical and Talmutical Writers So that if Christian Magistrates do as indeed they should denie any Toleration of such unnatural Enormities they have Reason to rest satisfied with it seeing no more is denied to them in ours than they denied to others in their Common-wealth Dub. But it must be said Vsury Boligamy and the Marriage of a Sister was by the Law of Moses permitted to them and therefore the Practicers of some things against the Law of Nature Sol. To this I say 1. That 't is true that Aristotle and divers other Philosophers conceived Usury to be against the Law of Nature and many Divines of eminent Note have thought and published their Opinions to the World That both Vsury and Poligamy and marrying a Sister are so too Yet