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tyrant_n &_o lord_n of_o those_o country_n which_o they_o have_v force_v from_o the_o gentile_n to_o secure_v their_o estate_n do_v never_o trust_v their_o homebred_a subject_n but_o wage_v stranger_n and_o slave_n unto_o who_o fidelity_n they_o commit_v their_o person_n and_o the_o manage_n of_o all_o the_o affair_n of_o their_o kingdom_n and_o among_o all_o sort_n of_o slave_n the_o abessine_n be_v in_o great_a esteem_n for_o his_o faithfulness_n and_o towardly_a disposition_n the_o king_n of_o adel_n overlai_v egypt_n and_o arabia_n with_o these_o slave_n which_o he_o change_v with_o the_o turk_n and_o prince_n of_o arabia_n for_o armour_n provision_n of_o war_n and_o soldier_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1500._o claud_n king_n of_o abex_n perceive_v himself_o inferior_a to_o grad-ameda_a king_n of_o adel_n for_o he_o have_v vex_v his_o land_n with_o 14._o year_n incursion_n forsake_v the_o frontier_n retire_v himself_o into_o the_o inward_a part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n 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the_o whole_a world_n multitude_n of_o man_n unconquerable_a military_a discipline_n uncorrupted_a corn_n and_o provision_n store_n infinite_a multitude_n in_o time_n past_a have_v breed_v confusion_n and_o common_o we_o have_v see_v great_a army_n overthrow_v by_o small_a number_n but_o the_o turkish_a multitude_n be_v manage_v with_o so_o good_a order_n that_o although_o it_o be_v far_o more_o easy_a to_o range_v a_o small_a army_n than_o a_o great_a yet_o even_o in_o order_n have_v their_o great_a army_n excel_v our_o small_a so_o that_o i_o must_v needs_o conclude_v that_o they_o go_v far_o beyond_o we_o both_o in_o discipline_n and_o number_n herein_o give_v place_n no_o not_o to_o the_o ancient_a roman_n much_o less_o to_o any_o modern_a nation_n how_o warlike_a soever_o and_o this_o their_o due_a commendation_n consist_v not_o only_o in_o arm_n but_o in_o thirst_n patience_n &_o hard_a diet_n as_o for_o wine_n by_o their_o law_n they_o be_v utter_o forbid_v it_o in_o the_o 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portugal_n for_o the_o portugal_n take_v great_a care_n to_o prevent_v he_o of_o set_v foot_n in_o those_o sea_n yea_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o do_v but_o smell_v that_o he_o be_v prepare_v any_o sea_n force_n they_o present_o look_v out_o and_o spoil_v whatsoever_o they_o light_v upon_o for_o captain_n soldier_n arm_n and_o munition_n he_o be_v better_a provide_v than_o prester_n john_n for_o this_o prince_n have_v a_o large_a territory_n without_o munition_n and_o infinite_a soldier_n without_o weapon_n bernangasso_n his_o lieutenant_n lose_v all_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o bring_v the_o abissine_n into_o such_o extremity_n that_o to_o obtain_v peace_n he_o promise_v the_o payment_n of_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n in_o africa_n he_o have_v a_o great_a jurisdiction_n than_o the_o xeriffe_n for_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o all_o those_o province_n which_o he_o between_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o velez_n de_fw-fr gomera_n but_o the_o xeriffe_n have_v the_o rich_a the_o strong_a and_o better_o unite_v neither_o of_o they_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n dare_v molest_v one_o another_o the_o residue_n of_o his_o neighbour_n be_v the_o christian_n and_o first_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n what_o either_o of_o these_o prince_n can_v effect_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o have_v be_v manifest_v by_o their_o forepast_a action_n in_o some_o sort_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o turk_n fear_v the_o polaques_n for_o upon_o sundry_a occasion_n be_v provoke_v as_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o in_o the_o war_n which_o juonia_n voyvod_v of_o walachia_n make_v with_o the_o turk_n wherein_o great_a number_n of_o polaques_n serve_v and_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n the_o three_o notwithstanding_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o kosack_n and_o the_o inroad_n of_o john_n zamoseus_fw-la general_n of_o polonia_n he_o stir_v not_o neither_o with_o woontlike_a disdain_n once_o offer_v to_o revenge_v these_o indignity_n again_o since_o the_o infortunate_a journey_n of_o ladislaus_n they_o never_o enterprise_v journey_n against_o the_o turk_n no_o nor_o at_o any_o time_n aid_v the_o walachian_o their_o neighbour_n their_o friend_n and_o confederate_n but_o suffer_v whatsoever_o they_o hold_v upon_o the_o euxin_n sea_n to_o be_v take_v from_o they_o this_o vile_a part_n i_o rather_o attribute_v to_o the_o base_a mind_n of_o the_o king_n then_o to_o any_o want_n of_o good_a will_n in_o the_o gentleman_n or_o nobility_n sigismond_n the_o first_o be_v by_o leo_n the_o ten_o move_v to_o war_n upon_o the_o turk_n answer_v few_o word_n shall_v serve_v make_v firm_a peace_n between_o the_o christian_a prince_n then_o will_v i_o be_v nothing_o behind_o the_o most_o forward_o sigisâ—und_n the_o second_o bear_v a_o mind_n so_o far_o abhor_v from_o war_n that_o he_o not_o only_o never_o make_v attempt_n against_o the_o turk_n but_o be_v injury_v by_o the_o moscovite_n let_v he_o do_v what_o he_o will_v 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the_o ten_o of_o ecclesiastical_a live_n in_o mine_n tribute_n &_o custom_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o church_n living_n amount_v to_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o in_o this_o kingdom_n there_o be_v seven_o cathedral_n church_n threescore_o monastery_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n endow_v with_o most_o rich_a revenue_n first_o gustan_n and_o after_o his_o son_n eric_n seize_v the_o great_a part_n thereof_o into_o their_o possession_n some_o of_o the_o foresay_a mine_n be_v wrought_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n some_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o private_a person_n allow_v only_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o three_o copper-worke_n i_o have_v know_v the_o ten_o part_n which_o be_v the_o king_n to_o amount_v to_o the_o value_n of_o three_o thousand_o dolar_n yearly_o hereby_o estimation_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o silver_n and_o lead_n but_o his_o tax_n do_v far_o surpass_v all_o other_o thing_n for_o he_o levy_v the_o ten_o of_o rye_n wheat_n barley_n fish_n ox_n skin_n and_o such_o like_a of_o the_o ten_o of_o ox_n at_o some_o time_n he_o have_v gather_v 18._o thousand_o and_o with_o they_o maintain_v his_o court_n his_o officer_n his_o navy_n and_o his_o army_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n either_o with_o the_o dane_n or_o moscovite_n he_o allow_v his_o soldier_n victual_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n provide_v it_o at_o very_o easy_a rate_n as_o well_o offend_v as_o defend_v the_o marriage_n of_o the_o king_n daughter_n be_v at_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n &_o they_o allow_v they_o beside_o silver_n plate_n and_o other_o gift_n one_o hundred_o thousand_o dolar_n for_o a_o dowry_n of_o the_o uplandish_a people_n and_o other_o which_o pay_v not_o the_o imposition_n of_o victual_n the_o king_n be_v accustom_v to_o exact_v of_o every_o poll_n according_a to_o his_o ability_n five_o dolar_n or_o more_o yearly_o the_o custom_n be_v pay_v in_o the_o haven_n town_n the_o chief_a where_o of_o be_v calmaâ—e_a lodâ—â—is_fw-la and_o stockholme_n where_o aâ—_n some_o time_n three_o hundred_o ship_n of_o burden_n be_v to_o be_v see_v abo_n auge_n revalia_n parnovia_n narue_n it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o king_n do_v lay_v up_o in_o his_o treasury_n six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o thousand_o dolar_n beside_o the_o expense_n upon_o the_o fortress_n of_o revalia_n and_o viburgh_n there_o be_v maintain_v in_o sweveland_n and_o gothland_n about_o thirty_o two_o troop_n every_o one_o consist_v of_o five_o hundred_o or_o six_o hundred_o soldier_n all_o harquebusier_n always_o ready_a to_o march_v whither_o occasion_n call_v because_o of_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o wood_n the_o horseman_n serve_v with_o petronel_n and_o seldom_o use_v pike_n or_o lance_n the_o footman_n be_v most_o excellent_a for_o every_o soldier_n be_v able_a to_o make_v and_o furnish_v himself_o with_o any_o furniture_n whatsoever_o even_o to_o the_o make_n of_o his_o own_o flask_n and_o tuchboxe_n as_o likewise_o the_o common_a people_n in_o perâ—â—ia_n and_o the_o neighbour_a province_n be_v content_v with_o a_o little_a have_v always_o accustom_v to_o make_v all_o implement_n for_o their_o house_n and_o body_n to_o build_v to_o weave_v to_o play_v the_o tailor_n to_o sow_v to_o reap_v and_o to_o forge_v tool_n fit_a for_o their_o business_n and_o as_o for_o those_o trade_n which_o be_v neither_o common_a nor_o necessary_a as_o to_o paint_v to_o work_v in_o silver_n and_o such_o like_a there_o be_v notwithstanding_o find_v among_o they_o very_o good_a workman_n want_v rather_o matter_n than_o be_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o swevian_a horseman_n be_v divide_v into_o thirteen_o company_n sweveland_n and_o gothland_n maintain_v eleven_o and_o finland_n two_o and_o upon_o necessity_n they_o can_v raise_v a_o great_a force_n for_o the_o dukedom_n of_o vermeland_n as_o report_n go_v be_v able_a to_o furnish_v better_a than_o ten_o thousand_o man_n with_o horse_n in_o marchland_n there_o be_v such_o plentiful_a breed_n of_o horse_n that_o there_o they_o be_v sell_v at_o a_o very_a low_a rate_n both_o these_o province_n be_v in_o gothland_n their_o horse_n be_v not_o so_o big_a body_v as_o the_o frieslander_n but_o exceed_v strong_a hardy_a active_a able_a to_o endure_v travel_n and_o feed_v with_o a_o little_a i_o will_v not_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o two_o noble_a usage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweveland_n towards_o his_o soldier_n one_o be_v that_o if_o a_o soldier_n be_v take_v prisoner_n he_o be_v ransom_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n the_o other_o that_o if_o his_o horse_n be_v slay_v the_o king_n bestow_v a_o other_o upon_o he_o he_o give_v yearly_o to_o his_o captain_n and_o those_o which_o serve_v on_o horseback_n in_o part_n of_o payment_n of_o their_o wage_n a_o garment_n which_o the_o roman_n term_v idolis_fw-la and_o may_v be_v take_v for_o a_o cassock_n as_o touch_v their_o sea_n affair_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o huge_a sea_n coast_n and_o infinite_a haven_n the_o kingdom_n swarm_v with_o mariner_n and_o ship_n which_o the_o king_n may_v arrest_v in_o his_o dominion_n as_o other_o prince_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v he_o maintain_v common_o fifty_o ship_n of_o war_n whereof_o every_o one_o carry_v forty_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n more_o or_o less_o king_n gustan_n bring_v in_o the_o use_n of_o galley_n in_o the_o war_n which_o king_n john_n wage_v with_o the_o dane_n before_o the_o peace_n treat_v on_o at_o stetin_n be_v agree_v he_o put_v to_o sea_n seventie_o great_a ship_n beside_o other_o of_o small_a burden_n in_o which_o be_v 22000._o fight_a man_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n they_o war_n at_o sea_n in_o the_o winter_n at_o land_n for_o then_o the_o river_n be_v freeze_v as_o likewise_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o shore_n for_o a_o great_a space_n see_v i_o have_v speak_v of_o gun_n i_o will_v add_v this_o much_o that_o the_o king_n be_v think_v to_o have_v about_o eight_o thousand_o great_a piece_n the_o most_o part_n of_o brass_n and_o that_o he_o can_v cast_v many_o more_o if_o he_o have_v more_o store_n of_o tin_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o stockholme_n only_o be_v number_v four_o hundred_o upon_o the_o west_n side_n of_o sweveland_n be_v denmark_n on_o the_o east_n moscovie_n with_o both_o which_o he_o have_v have_v long_a war_n the_o swevians_n have_v suffer_v much_o loss_n by_o the_o denmark_n for_o king_n christian_n the_o second_o besiege_v stockholme_n and_o force_v it_o commit_v all_o kind_n of_o cruelty_n against_o the_o inhabitant_n fill_v the_o city_n with_o blood_n and_o dead_a carcase_n the_o title_n which_o the_o dane_n pretend_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweveland_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o enimity_n the_o haven_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o especial_o gotland_n which_o be_v a_o member_n of_o gothia_n and_o therefore_o the_o swevian_n claim_v it_o as_o his_o right_n afford_v the_o dane_n this_o facility_n of_o invade_v it_o at_o his_o pleasure_n after_o gustan_n recover_v the_o kingdom_n he_o and_o his_o son_n henry_n and_o john_n reign_v successive_o and_o although_o blood_n enough_o have_v be_v shed_v in_o the_o war_n between_o gustan_n and_o the_o dane_n yet_o the_o kingdom_n have_v retain_v her_o honour_n and_o the_o city_n of_o lubeck_n the_o mighty_a state_n in_o that_o sea_n sometime_o by_o confederate_v with_o the_o one_o sometime_o with_o the_o other_o do_v in_o so_o even_o a_o balance_n pease_n the_o difference_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n as_o it_o suffer_v not_o the_o one_o to_o practice_v against_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o peril_n that_o may_v ensue_v to_o the_o offender_n in_o war_a with_o the_o moscovite_n the_o swevian_n have_v the_o most_o advantage_n because_o finland_n which_o border_v upon_o russia_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a lake_n &_o marsh_n whereof_o it_o be_v full_a yield_v hard_a &_o perilous_a passage_n to_o the_o enemy_n oftentimes_o swallow_v up_o whole_a army_n in_o those_o congeal_a water_n there_o he_o keep_v the_o castle_n of_o viburge_n narue_n revalia_n &_o other_o pile_n and_o piece_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovia_n excellent_a well_o fortify_v as_o bridle_n to_o stop_v his_o violent_a course_n in_o which_o he_o do_v very_o wise_o for_o those_o piece_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o our_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v most_o careful_o because_o they_o bring_v forth_o two_o notable_a effect_n first_o they_o defend_v what_o be_v we_o and_o offend_v what_o be_v the_o enemy_n the_o further_a they_o be_v distant_a from_o our_o border_n the_o better_a they_o stand_v we_o in_o steed_n for_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v occupy_v in_o besiege_v thereof_o our_o own_o state_n stand_v in_o quiet_a and_o time_n afford_v mean_n for_o rescue_n or_o delivery_n thereof_o at_o leisure_n and_o that_o without_o spoil_n to_o our_o own_o people_n or_o loss_n of_o our_o proper_a
exceed_v not_o 25._o thousand_o ducat_n only_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n and_o regimount_n exceed_v this_o mean_a for_o although_o they_o be_v feodary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n &_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n as_o their_o superior_a yet_o be_v they_o not_o as_o live_a member_n of_o the_o state_n they_o come_v not_o to_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o have_v not_o their_o voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o prince_n neither_o be_v they_o account_v as_o natural_a lord_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o for_o stranger_n as_o in_o truth_n they_o be_v the_o duke_n of_o curlan_n be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o ketleri_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o regimount_n of_o the_o family_n of_o brandenburge_n all_o prussia_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o dutch_a knight_n who_o have_v their_o great_a master_n resident_a there_o who_o when_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o polonian_n yield_v himself_o feodarie_n to_o king_n cassimere_n afterward_o when_o albert_n of_o brandenburge_n their_o great_a master_n become_v a_o protestant_n he_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o prussia_n and_o the_o country_n divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o regal_a immediate_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n the_o other_o ducall_n allot_v to_o albert_n and_o his_o successor_n to_o hold_v by_o fealty_n in_o the_o king_n partition_n stand_v marieburge_n torovia_n gulma_n varnia_n and_o dansk_a in_o the_o duchy_n which_o yield_v 120._o thousand_o ducat_n yearly_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v regimont_n the_o german_n call_v it_o conningsburgh_n and_o there_o the_o duke_n keep_v his_o court_n the_o government_n of_o polonia_n represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o kingdom_n because_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o kingdom_n choose_v the_o king_n and_o at_o their_o pleasure_n limit_v he_o his_o authority_n they_o have_v neither_o law_n nor_o statute_n nor_o form_n of_o government_n write_v but_o by_o custom_n from_o the_o death_n of_o one_o prince_n to_o the_o election_n of_o a_o other_o the_o supreme_a authority_n rest_v in_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gesne_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o the_o counsel_n appoint_v the_o diet_n rule_v the_o senate_n and_o proclaim_v the_o new_a elect_a king_n before_o king_n stephen_n erect_v new_a bishop_n palatine_n and_o castellanes_n in_o livonia_n few_o other_o beside_o the_o archbishop_n of_o leopolis_n and_o his_o 13._o suffragans_fw-la 28._o palatine_n and_o thirty_o of_o the_o chief_a castellane_n be_v present_a at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o new_a king_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o diet_n these_o man_n assemble_v in_o a_o place_n near_o unto_o the_o senate_n house_n where_o they_o choose_v two_o marshal_n by_o who_o but_o with_o a_o tribunelike_a authority_n they_o signify_v unto_o the_o council_n what_o their_o request_n be_v not_o long_o since_o their_o authority_n and_o reputation_n grow_v so_o mighty_a that_o they_o now_o carry_v themselves_o as_o head_n &_o governor_n rather_o than_o officer_n &_o minister_n of_o the_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o estate_n there_o be_v one_o of_o the_o council_n that_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o clodius_n refuse_v his_o senator_n place_n to_o become_v one_o of_o these_o officer_n when_o a_o new_a king_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v these_o man_n do_v more_o and_o more_o limit_v his_o authority_n not_o suffer_v it_o to_o stretch_v one_o jot_n far_o than_o accustom_a but_o although_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n be_v at_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o nobility_n yet_o be_v it_o never_o hear_v that_o they_o reject_v or_o overslip_v the_o king_n successor_n or_o transfer_v the_o kingdom_n into_o any_o other_o line_n more_o than_o once_o when_o depose_v ladislaus_n who_o notwithstanding_o they_o afterward_o restore_v they_o elect_v weneslaus_fw-la the_o bohemian_a likewise_o they_o have_v always_o a_o regard_n to_o the_o king_n daughter_n as_o of_o hedinge_v marry_v by_o they_o to_o jagello_n and_o in_o our_o time_n of_o anne_n give_v in_o marriage_n to_o king_n stephen_n it_o be_v no_o small_a cause_n of_o the_o advancement_n of_o sigismond_n the_o three_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o polonia_n that_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o katherine_n sister_n to_o sigismond_n the_o emperor_n and_o of_o the_o foresay_a anne_n and_o although_o the_o kingly_a authority_n be_v elective_a yet_o after_o he_o be_v choose_v his_o power_n be_v absolute_a in_o many_o thing_n as_o to_o call_v the_o diet_n to_o appoint_v the_o time_n and_o place_n at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o choose_v lie_v councillor_n and_o nominate_v the_o bishop_n and_o who_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v of_o the_o privy_a council_n he_o be_v absolute_a disposer_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o lord_n of_o those_o which_o hold_v of_o he_o immediate_a but_o over_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o nobility_n he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n he_o be_v absolute_a establisher_n of_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o diet_n and_o sovereign_a judge_n of_o the_o noble_n in_o criminal_a cause_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o reward_v and_o advance_v who_o please_v he_o to_o speak_v in_o a_o word_n such_o as_o be_v his_o valour_n dexterity_n and_o wisdom_n such_o be_v his_o power_n authority_n and_o government_n as_o the_o polander_n say_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o king_n endure_v but_o three_o day_n &_o they_o converse_v with_o he_o not_o as_o cousin_n as_o in_o france_n but_z as_o brethren_z and_o as_o the_o king_n have_v absolute_a authority_n over_o they_o which_o immediate_o hold_v of_o he_o so_o the_o nobility_n dispose_v absolute_o of_o their_o vassal_n upon_o every_o of_o who_o they_o exercise_v more_o than_o kingly_a authority_n in_o manner_n as_o upon_o slave_n in_o establish_v their_o kingdom_n they_o have_v do_v one_o thing_n worthy_a the_o note_n which_o be_v that_o as_o the_o roman_n increase_v their_o name_n and_o dominion_n by_o communicate_v the_o law_n and_o honour_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n to_o other_o city_n yea_o whole_a province_n so_o the_o king_n of_o polonia_n have_v enlarge_v unite_a and_o strengthen_v their_o estate_n by_o participate_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o polish_v nobility_n to_o those_o province_n which_o either_o they_o have_v conquer_v by_o arm_n or_o otherways_o purchase_v grace_v the_o noble_n thereof_o with_o favour_n equal_a to_o any_o bestow_v on_o the_o polish_v nobility_n by_o this_o equallyze_a king_n ladislaus_n strong_o unite_a russia_n and_o podalia_n to_o poland_n sigismond_n augustus_n lithuania_n stephen_n livonia_n for_o equality_n in_o office_n &_o promotion_n knit_v affection_n in_o peace_n and_o war_n the_o force_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o of_o other_o consist_v in_o grain_n coin_n footman_n horseman_n armour_n and_o munition_n of_o grain_n we_o have_v speak_v already_o in_o coin_n it_o be_v not_o very_o rich_a for_o except_v dansk_a they_o have_v never_o a_o mart_n town_n worthy_a estimation_n and_o the_o ware_n that_o be_v bring_v from_o prussia_n &_o livonia_n do_v not_o enrich_v the_o kingdom_n with_o ready_a money_n yea_o they_o do_v hardly_o suffice_v to_o barter_n with_o the_o english_a &_o flemish_a for_o cloth_n silk_n &_o wool_n or_o with_o the_o spanish_a and_o portugal_n for_o sugar_n spice_n fruit_n &_o maluesâ—ies_n for_o when_o the_o country_n be_v not_o give_v to_o traffic_v nor_o the_o city_n to_o buy_v &_o sell_v nor_o the_o people_n to_o labour_v and_o the_o nobility_n be_v very_o gallant_a prodigal_a in_o expense_n spend_v more_o than_o their_o revenue_n in_o diet_n and_o apparel_n and_o the_o season_n of_o their_o meat_n for_o the_o polander_n use_v more_o spice_n than_o any_o other_o nation_n and_o their_o wine_n their_o silk_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o woollen_a cloth_n be_v bring_v from_o foreign_a nation_n how_o can_v the_o kingdom_n be_v rich_a in_o silver_n for_o in_o transport_v of_o rich_a ware_n and_o return_v of_o little_a consist_v the_o wealth_n of_o every_o kingdom_n gather_v together_o by_o vent_v homebred_a commodity_n the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n and_o keep_v it_o once_o bring_v in_o from_o pass_v abroad_o again_o in_o this_o practice_n consist_v the_o wealth_n of_o naples_n and_o milan_n for_o naples_n send_v to_o sea_n great_a store_n of_o corn_n wine_n oil_n silk_n woad_n horse_n fruit_n and_o such_o like_a which_o bring_v in_o huge_a mass_n of_o foreign_a coin_n milan_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o other_o province_n with_o corn_n rice_n clothes_n iron_z work_n and_o ware_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o return_v little_a again_o if_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o sicill_n be_v as_o well_o store_v with_o artificial_a workmanship_n as_o they_o be_v provide_v with_o corn_n and_o wealth_n no_o other_o kingdom_n can_v compare_v with_o they_o to_o return_v to_o poland_n notwithstanding_o their_o riches_n be_v not_o so_o small_a as_o some_o think_v they_o be_v for_o the_o revenue_n of_o
shadow_v itself_o under_o the_o wing_n &_o protection_n of_o the_o say_v sigismond_n in_o the_o day_n of_o henry_n of_o anjou_n john_n prince_n of_o moldavia_n even_o he_o that_o with_o a_o undaunted_a spirit_n and_o famous_a victory_n hold_v war_n against_o the_o turk_n be_v shameful_o forsake_v of_o they_o contrary_a to_o the_o covenant_n of_o confederacy_n between_o he_o and_o sigismond_n augustus_n conclude_v yet_o must_v we_o needs_o confess_v that_o such_o as_o be_v the_o courage_n valour_n and_o reputation_n of_o the_o prince_n such_o be_v the_o resolution_n alacrity_n and_o force_n of_o the_o poland_n of_o themselves_o populous_a valiant_a and_o courageous_a stephen_n bathor_n give_v good_a testimony_n hereof_o in_o who_o time_n polonia_n not_o only_o maintain_v the_o honour_n and_o glory_n of_o a_o kingdom_n sufficient_a to_o defend_v itself_o from_o foreign_a arm_n but_o also_o to_o make_v conquest_n of_o great_a matter_n from_o most_o potent_a enemy_n and_o see_v we_o have_v speak_v of_o celerity_n a_o virtue_n most_o necessary_a for_o every_o state_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o celerity_n which_o as_o be_v aforesaid_a be_v two_o viz._n the_o reputation_n of_o the_o prince_n which_o give_v it_o life_n and_o store_n of_o coin_n which_o preserve_v it_o in_o action_n for_o we_o have_v see_v in_o most_o mighty_a army_n the_o body_n by_o the_o slowness_n of_o the_o head_n to_o have_v spend_v the_o time_n most_o idle_o and_o very_o famous_a victory_n for_o want_n of_o money_n to_o give_v continual_a motion_n to_o the_o army_n to_o have_v bring_v forth_o small_a or_o no_o effect_n beside_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v a_o great_a help_n hereunto_o for_o no_o man_n can_v true_o praise_v the_o german_n and_o bohemian_a footman_n for_o celerity_n but_o this_o commendation_n without_o doubt_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o italian_a spaniard_n and_o frenchman_n not_o only_o for_o that_o they_o be_v of_o better_a constitution_n of_o body_n but_o for_o that_o which_o in_o war_n be_v all_o in_o all_o they_o be_v better_o content_v to_o live_v with_o a_o little_a though_o they_o want_v coin_n they_o be_v not_o discourage_v neither_o wax_n sick_a with_o fruit_n if_o flesh_n be_v want_v and_o happen_v what_o may_v they_o long_o and_o better_a can_v endure_v hardness_n and_o scarcity_n their_o ride_a light_n arm_v be_v of_o more_o execution_n then_o arm_v at_o all_o piece_n and_o their_o argoletier_n more_o serviceable_a than_o lancier_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o french_a also_o in_o their_o late_a broil_n have_v give_v over_o their_o lance_n wherein_o of_o old_a do_v consist_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o pistol_n but_o to_o what_o advantage_n they_o have_v thus_o do_v let_v another_o dispute_n for_o i_o say_v not_o that_o a_o light_a arm_a man_n be_v absolute_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o man_n at_o arm_n in_o chance_n of_o war_n but_o only_o affirm_v that_o he_o be_v more_o active_a and_o more_o ready_a yea_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n for_o the_o flanders_n horse_n far_o excel_v the_o frieslander_n and_o german_n the_o hungary_n horse_n the_o polonian_a the_o turkey_n horse_n the_o jennet_n the_o barbary_n horse_n be_v more_o speedy_a than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n between_o both_o be_v the_o courser_n of_o naples_n who_o though_o he_o be_v not_o so_o swift_a as_o the_o spanish_a jennet_n yet_o he_o be_v better_a able_a to_o endure_v travel_n and_o to_o bear_v the_o weight_n of_o armour_n not_o become_v overâ—low_n therewith_o to_o speak_v truth_n experience_n manifest_v the_o german_a horse_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o slow_a pace_n to_o work_v small_a effect_n either_o to_o pursue_v the_o flee_a enemy_n or_o swift_o to_o fly_v from_o their_o execute_n adversary_n for_o if_o the_o wallachian_n hungarian_n polish_v turkish_a moorish_a or_o barbary_n horseman_n shall_v break_v the_o german_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o fly_v and_o if_o it_o happen_v the_o german_n to_o overthrow_v they_o they_o be_v as_o unable_a speedy_o to_o pursue_v for_o they_o charge_v slow_o &_o retire_v heavy_o so_o in_o fight_n at_o sea_n ship_n of_o burden_n be_v of_o small_a service_n because_o if_o wind_n want_n they_o can_v neither_o be_v move_v nor_o turn_v the_o great_a galleon_n be_v somewhat_o better_a yet_o perform_v little_a more_o but_o the_o best_a of_o all_o be_v the_o galley_n for_o his_o swiftness_n and_o for_o proof_n hereof_o we_o have_v see_v the_o navy_n of_o the_o christian_n consist_v of_o great_a ship_n to_o have_v spend_v the_o better_a part_n of_o summer_n and_o warlike_a season_n in_o preparation_n only_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o turkish_a fleet_n soon_o furnish_v and_o speedy_o put_v to_o sea_n of_o such_o advantage_n be_v spare_a diet_n and_o needful_a provision_n to_o the_o turkish_a affair_n and_o so_o discommodious_a be_v gluttony_n to_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o christian_n for_o wine_n and_o other_o delicate_n only_o be_v as_o troublesome_a to_o the_o christian_n as_o the_o whole_a provision_n for_o a_o camp_n to_o the_o turkish_a army_n therefore_o let_v no_o man_n marvel_v if_o they_o march_v in_o all_o their_o iorney_n excellent_o well_o furnish_v with_o ordinance_n shot_n gunpowder_n and_o all_o necessary_n for_o at_o land_n they_o have_v their_o carriage_n lade_v only_o with_o provision_n at_o sea_n their_o ship_n and_o not_o with_o wine_n pullet_n and_o such_o needless_a vanity_n at_o a_o word_n they_o go_v to_o the_o war_n to_o fight_v and_o not_o to_o fill_v their_o belly_n the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovia_n the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovia_n be_v lord_n of_o a_o most_o large_a territory_n and_o within_o the_o limit_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n be_v contain_v many_o region_n northward_o his_o sceptre_n stretch_v to_o the_o north_n ocean_n from_o the_o bay_n of_o granico_n to_o the_o river_n of_o ob_fw-la on_o the_o south_n all_o alongst_o the_o river_n volga_n to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n westward_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o border_n of_o livonia_n and_o almost_o to_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n and_o eastward_o to_o volga_n some_o write_v that_o it_o contain_v in_o length_n three_o thousand_o mile_n in_o breadth_n 1500._o wherein_o be_v contain_v fifteen_o dukedom_n sixteen_o province_n and_o two_o kingdom_n they_o be_v once_o subject_a to_o the_o tartar_n who_o prince_n roydo_o in_o the_o year_n 1140._o conquer_v all_o moscovie_n but_o john_n the_o first_o great_a duke_n encourage_v by_o their_o civil_a dissension_n deny_v they_o tribute_n in_o process_n of_o time_n when_o ammetes_n the_o last_o successor_n of_o roydo_o who_o die_v at_o vilua_n have_v overcome_v the_o tartar_n precopense_n the_o great_a duke_n adjoin_v to_o his_o empire_n permia_n veatia_n and_o jugria_n province_n subject_a to_o ammetes_n from_o this_o time_n the_o force_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n increase_v basilius_n casan_n and_o john_n the_o second_o conquer_v the_o province_n of_o citrahan_n which_o be_v call_v kingdom_n to_o confess_v truth_n the_o great_a duke_n have_v mighty_o enlarge_v their_o bound_n and_o have_v take_v the_o great_a duchy_n of_o severin_n and_o smoloncke_n bielchese_n prescovia_n novogrod_n jaroslave_n roscovia_n some_o from_o the_o poland_n &_o some_o from_o other_o province_n they_o possess_v part_n of_o livonia_n and_o make_v their_o arm_n fearful_a to_o their_o neighbour_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v moscow_n where_o the_o patriarch_n reside_v roscovia_n and_o novogrode_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o archbishop_n cortisa_n resania_n columna_fw-la susdelia_n casan_n vologda_n tueria_n and_o smolonck_n be_v bishopric_n plescovia_n porcovia_n staritia_fw-la sloboda_fw-it jeroslave_n volodomer_n from_o whence_o the_o king_n seat_n be_v translate_v to_o the_o city_n moscow_n by_o john_n the_o second_o mosayco_n saint_n nicholas_n sugana_n vstiud_v cargapolia_fw-la the_o emperor_n abide_v in_o the_o city_n moscow_n which_o take_v his_o name_n of_o the_o river_n moscow_n rise_v fourscore_o &_o ten_o mile_n high_o into_o the_o country_n the_o city_n have_v be_v great_a than_o now_o it_o be_v &_o be_v nine_o mile_n compass_v but_o since_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1570._o it_o be_v sack_v and_o burn_v by_o the_o tartar_n precopie_n it_o contain_v not_o above_o five_o mile_n according_a to_o posseâ—inus_n a_o writer_n of_o good_a judgement_n and_o industry_n there_o be_v house_v in_o this_o city_n thirty_o thousand_o people_n beside_o ox_n and_o other_o cattle_n novograde_a have_v the_o name_n of_o great_a and_o yet_o the_o same_o author_n allow_v it_o not_o above_o twenty_o thousand_o inhabitant_n as_o likewise_o smolonck_n and_o plescovia_n this_o seem_v most_o incredible_a to_o i_o if_o it_o be_v true_a as_o some_o write_v that_o plescovia_n when_o king_n stephen_n of_o poland_n besiege_v it_o have_v within_o it_o
fifty_o thousand_o footman_n and_o seven_o thousand_o horse_n true_o this_o be_v a_o great_a number_n and_o though_o they_o be_v not_o all_o moscovite_n yet_o this_o reckon_n ask_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o inhabitant_n for_o if_o the_o king_n thrust_v in_o 57_o thousand_o fight_a man_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v very_o many_o more_o some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o in_o time_n past_o the_o country_n be_v better_o replenish_v with_o people_n and_o that_o afterward_o it_o become_v desolate_a for_o three_o cause_n the_o first_o the_o plague_n a_o new_a disease_n in_o moscovie_n which_o glean_v away_o many_o thousand_o people_n the_o second_o the_o tyranny_n of_o their_o emperor_n who_o have_v put_v infinite_a number_n to_o death_n especial_o of_o the_o nobility_n the_o three_o the_o incursion_n and_o robbery_n of_o the_o tartar_n precopie_n and_o negaians_n which_o never_o cease_v vex_v their_o border_a neighbour_n these_o tartar_n harry_v not_o only_o the_o country_n but_o lead_v away_o captive_a whole_a city_n sell_v they_o to_o the_o turk_n and_o other_o nation_n these_o inroad_n have_v lay_v waste_v many_o and_o far_o remove_v province_n the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v not_o lively_a discern_v then_o in_o his_o good_a foresight_n whether_o his_o enterprise_n be_v likely_a to_o prove_v hurtful_a or_o profitable_a to_o his_o estate_n and_o when_o he_o suffer_v not_o himself_o to_o be_v carry_v away_o with_o the_o vain_a hope_n of_o achieve_v some_o conquest_n which_o can_v neither_o continue_v to_o he_o sure_o nor_o certain_a but_o rather_o draw_v after_o it_o a_o continual_a disquiet_n to_o his_o own_o safety_n for_o that_o prince_n that_o be_v lead_v with_o such_o a_o ambitious_a humour_n to_o enlarge_v his_o estate_n do_v but_o weaken_v himself_o in_o people_n and_o riches_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v like_o the_o man_n that_o mind_v to_o raise_v the_o wall_n and_o roof_n of_o his_o house_n high_o take_v away_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o build_n it_o be_v the_o great_a glory_n well_o to_o keep_v what_o we_o have_v get_v but_o those_o get_n which_o be_v make_v with_o future_a loss_n and_o diminution_n of_o our_o proper_a strength_n be_v contrary_a to_o that_o maxim_n and_o see_v these_o acquisition_n be_v as_o it_o be_v incision_n or_o graffing_n they_o ought_v to_o better_a not_o to_o impair_v the_o estate_n of_o our_o affair_n for_o as_o these_o incision_n be_v use_v to_o make_v sour_a tree_n sweet_a or_o unfruitful_a plant_n fruitful_a so_o the_o enterprise_n of_o prince_n ought_v to_o be_v such_o as_o bring_v forth_o assure_v honour_n and_o profit_n otherwise_o they_o be_v labour_n unprofitable_a pull_v down_o more_o than_o they_o build_v and_o heap_v to_o themselves_o more_o harm_n than_o honour_n more_o trouble_n than_o safety_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v those_o war_n which_o be_v wage_v to_o conquer_v kingdom_n far_o distant_a have_v nothing_o near_o unto_o we_o but_o be_v so_o disjoin_v that_o they_o ask_v great_a garrison_n than_o reason_n or_o our_o ability_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v to_o defend_v they_o therefore_o let_v the_o resolution_n of_o every_o expedition_n be_v lay_v on_o three_o ground_n first_o that_o the_o quarrel_n be_v just_a second_o what_o hope_n and_o facility_n of_o conquest_n three_o what_o gain_n will_v arise_v of_o victory_n for_o war_v undertake_v without_o hope_n of_o assure_a fruit_n be_v mere_a madness_n and_o many_o great_a captain_n have_v enlarge_v the_o bound_n of_o their_o empire_n but_o not_o increase_v their_o own_o quiet_a and_o safety_n no_o prince_n make_v long_a journey_n and_o great_a expense_n than_o the_o great_a duke_n john_n he_o vanquish_v the_o kingdom_n of_o casan_n to_o volga_n and_o astrachan_n upon_o the_o caspian_a sea_n he_o subdue_v a_o great_a part_n of_o livonia_n but_o what_o honour_n what_o profit_n or_o what_o continuance_n of_o security_n gain_v he_o by_o these_o victory_n what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o this_o war_n in_o these_o expedition_n perish_v infinite_a number_n of_o man_n in_o journey_v in_o assault_n with_o the_o sword_n with_o sickness_n with_o hunger_n and_o other_o extremity_n when_o he_o have_v overcome_v they_o he_o be_v force_v to_o maintain_v great_a garrison_n yea_o to_o bring_v thither_o whole_a colony_n and_o beside_o when_o man_n be_v so_o far_o from_o their_o home_n either_o busy_v in_o get_v other_o man_n good_n or_o in_o keep_v what_o they_o have_v get_v their_o wife_n stay_v at_o home_n like_o widow_n without_o issue_n and_o the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o realm_n remain_v empty_a as_o a_o hart_n void_a of_o blood_n want_v his_o necessary_a nutriment_n while_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v waste_v on_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o when_o it_o be_v invade_v by_o king_n stephen_n of_o poland_n these_o far_a and_o remote_a force_n be_v want_v to_o make_v resistance_n and_o through_o this_o oversight_n â—e_v lose_v again_o pozovia_n and_o other_o piece_n of_o good_a reckon_n yea_o and_o enforce_v to_o leave_v the_o whole_a possession_n of_o livonia_n to_o the_o polander_n to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n moscovie_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v cover_v with_o wood_n &_o lake_n these_o wood_n be_v the_o branch_n of_o hercinia_n spread_v itself_o through_o all_o the_o north_n and_o perhaps_o more_o in_o this_o province_n then_o in_o any_o other_o here_o grow_v the_o goodly_a and_o tall_a tree_n of_o the_o world_n through_o which_o for_o their_o thickness_n the_o brightness_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n can_v hardly_o pierce_v a_o unspeakable_a quantity_n of_o rosin_n &_o pitch_n distil_v out_o of_o these_o tree_n and_o here_o be_v the_o never-wasting_a fountain_n of_o wax_n and_o honey_n for_o without_o any_o industry_n of_o man_n the_o bee_n themselves_o build_v their_o hive_n in_o the_o bark_n and_o hollowness_n of_o tree_n here_o be_v all_o plenty_n of_o cattle_n and_o wild_a beast_n bear_n martin_n beast_n call_v in_o latin_a zibellini_fw-la and_o wolf_n who_o skin_n be_v be_v high_a price_n of_o the_o timber_n of_o these_o tree_n be_v square_v all_o necessary_n as_o well_o for_o building_n as_o all_o other_o use_n the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n be_v frame_v of_o beam_n cut_v fowersquare_n fasten_v together_o fill_v the_o chink_n and_o vacant_a place_n with_o earth_n of_o these_o beam_n likewise_o they_o build_v platform_n of_o such_o height_n and_o thickness_n that_o they_o be_v be_v the_o weight_n of_o great_a ordinance_n how_o massy_a soever_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o fire_n but_o not_o easy_o shake_v with_o the_o fury_n of_o battery_n some_o man_n maintain_v great_a disputation_n whether_o fortress_n build_v of_o stone_n chalk_n or_o earth_n be_v of_o great_a validity_n for_o the_o last_o these_o be_v their_o reason_n they_o be_v soon_o build_v with_o less_o charge_n and_o make_v best_a resistance_n when_o a_o breach_n be_v make_v they_o be_v easy_a repair_v and_o any_o part_n thereof_o if_o chance_n occasion_n or_o necessity_n require_v lightly_a change_v but_o all_o these_o reason_n notwithstanding_o in_o my_o mind_n fortress_n build_v of_o stone_n carry_v the_o credit_n for_o see_v there_o be_v four_o mean_n to_o ruinate_v a_o fortress_n ordinance_n mine_v fire_n and_o dig_v peradventure_o the_o stone_n wall_n may_v avail_v as_o much_o in_o resist_v as_o the_o earthen_a in_o receive_v and_o dead_v the_o bullet_n but_o against_o mine_v fire_n the_o spade_n and_o pickaxe_n without_o comparison_n the_o stone_n work_n excel_v and_o to_o raise_v platform_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v all_o you_o can_v invent_v either_o defensive_a or_o praise_v worthy_a to_o a_o fortress_n build_v of_o timber_n and_o earth_n for_o water_n moscovie_n be_v the_o mother_n of_o river_n and_o lake_n witness_n dunie_n boristhenes_n volga_n desna_n onega_n moscua_n volisca_n and_o the_o famous_a tanais_n the_o lake_n of_o ina_n upon_o which_o stand_v the_o great_a novograde_a voloppo_n and_o many_o other_o the_o abundance_n of_o these_o water_n do_v make_v the_o air_n cold_a than_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o increase_n of_o cattle_n or_o growth_n of_o plant_n and_o although_o cold_a be_v think_v more_o wholesome_a than_o heat_n yet_o be_v their_o cattle_n of_o small_a growth_n thereby_o and_o many_o time_n their_o fruit_n come_v not_o to_o ripen_n the_o earth_n drown_v with_o the_o water_n for_o the_o most_o part_n become_v light_a and_o sandy_a and_o then_o either_o with_o too_o great_a drought_n or_o too_o much_o moisture_n it_o spy_v the_o fruit_n winter_n last_v nine_o month_n little_o more_o or_o less_o &_o yet_o the_o soil_n bring_v forth_o plenty_n of_o grain_n &_o feed_v for_o cattle_n and_o by_o consequence_n abundance_n of_o cattle_n â—ame_n and_o wild_a it_o bring_v forth_o apple_n nut_n and_o filberd_n other_o kind_n of_o fruit_n they_o scarce_o know_v of_o fish_n
bremea_n caipumo_n and_o chencra_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o lai_n which_o border_n upon_o the_o north_n of_o the_o province_n of_o muantai_n and_o caipumo_fw-la and_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o principality_n be_v under_o his_o obeisance_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o jangoma_n the_o second_o of_o cucrai_n the_o three_o lanca_n near_o chachinchina_fw-la they_o inhabit_v a_o plain_a and_o wealthy_a country_n into_o which_o the_o gueoni_n mark_v paul_n call_v their_o country_n cangigu_n descend_v from_o the_o mountain_n to_o hunt_v for_o man_n make_v oftentimes_o cruel_a butchery_n among_o they_o the_o people_n of_o lai_n for_o fear_n of_o these_o anthropophagi_n acknowledge_v the_o soveraingtie_n of_o siam_n but_o they_o often_o rebel_v and_o obey_v as_o they_o list_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o country_n may_v be_v conjecture_v by_o the_o firtilitie_n for_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o plain_a and_o water_v with_o most_o noble_a and_o famous_a river_n like_o a_o other_o egypt_n it_o can_v but_o abound_v with_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n it_o bring_v forth_o rice_n grain_n of_o all_o sort_n horse_n elephant_n infinite_a store_n of_o cattle_n gold_n and_o tin_n silver_n be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o people_n of_o lai_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o plenty_n the_o people_n be_v drown_v in_o pleasure_n and_o wantonness_n they_o follow_v husbandry_n but_o take_v no_o great_a delight_n in_o manuel_n occupation_n which_o cause_v the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v poor_a in_o merchandise_n among_o many_o other_o city_n three_o be_v famous_a cambaia_n seat_v upon_o the_o river_n menon_n which_o rise_v in_o china_n be_v so_o huge_o augment_v by_o the_o fall_n in_o of_o many_o river_n that_o his_o own_o channel_n not_o suffice_v for_o receipt_n thereof_o it_o rent_v the_o earth_n to_o disgorge_v itself_o into_o a_o thousand_o land_n make_v a_o second_o meotis_n more_o than_o 60._o mile_n long_o meicon_n signify_v the_o captain_n menon_n the_o mother_n of_o water_n the_o second_o city_n be_v siam_n who_o stateliness_n give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a country_n it_o be_v a_o most_o goodly_a city_n and_o of_o admirable_a trasfike_n which_o may_v the_o better_o be_v imagine_v by_o the_o write_n of_o a_o certain_a jesuite_n who_o report_v that_o beside_o the_o natural_a inhabitant_n there_o be_v more_o than_o thirty_o thousand_o arabian_a household_n the_o three_o city_n be_v call_v vdia_n great_a than_o siam_n consist_v of_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o family_n it_o be_v say_v that_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o boat_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n and_o the_o river_n caipumo_n whereupon_o it_o be_v seat_v this_o king_n to_o show_v his_o majesty_n and_o magnificence_n keep_v a_o guard_n of_o six_o thousand_o soldier_n and_o two_o hundred_o elephant_n of_o these_o beast_n he_o have_v thirty_o thousand_o whereof_o he_o train_v three_o thousand_o for_o the_o war_n this_o be_v a_o great_a matter_n if_o you_o weigh_v their_o worth_n and_o their_o charge_n in_o keep_v his_o government_n be_v rather_o tyrannical_a then_o kinglike_a for_o he_o be_v absolute_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o demean_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o either_o set_v they_o out_o to_o husbandman_n or_o give_v they_o to_o his_o noble_n for_o their_o maintenance_n during_o life_n and_o pleasure_n but_o never_o pass_v the_o right_a of_o inheritance_n he_o bestow_v upon_o they_o likewise_o town_n and_o village_n with_o their_o territory_n but_o upon_o condition_n to_o maintain_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o horseman_n footman_n and_o elephant_n by_o this_o policy_n without_o any_o penny_n pay_v or_o burden_n to_o the_o country_n he_o be_v able_a to_o levy_v twenty_o thousand_o horseman_n &_o 250._o thousand_o footman_n upon_o occasion_n he_o can_v wage_v a_o great_a number_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o largeness_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o populousnes_n of_o his_o town_n for_o vdia_n only_o the_o chief_a seat_n of_o his_o kingdom_n muster_v 50._o thousand_o man_n and_o although_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o nine_o kingdom_n yet_o use_v he_o no_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o war_n but_o the_o siamit_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o two_o kingdom_n of_o vdia_n and_o muantai_n all_o honour_n and_o preferment_n be_v bestow_v upon_o man_n of_o service_n in_o this_o kingdom_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n they_o have_v their_o warlike_a exercise_n and_o in_o certain_a pastime_n which_o the_o king_n once_o a_o year_n exhibit_v at_o vdia_n be_v show_v all_o military_a feat_n of_o arm_n upon_o the_o river_n menon_n where_o more_o than_o 3000._o vessel_n which_o they_o term_v paraos_n divide_v into_o two_o squadron_n skirmish_v one_o against_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o land_n run_v the_o horse_n and_o elephant_n and_o the_o footman_n try_v it_o out_o at_o sword_n and_o buckler_n with_o point_n and_o edge_n rebate_v the_o remainder_n of_o their_o day_n they_o spend_v in_o riot_n and_o wantonness_n their_o border_n towards_o the_o east_n reach_v to_o canchinchina_n between_o who_o be_v such_o huge_a wood_n lion_n tiger_n leopard_n serpent_n and_o elephant_n that_o they_o can_v infest_v one_o another_o by_o arm_n towards_o the_o lake_n chiamai_n they_o border_n upon_o the_o chinois_n towards_o the_o sea_n they_o affront_v the_o arabian_n and_o portugal_n the_o one_o take_v from_o they_o patan_n paam_n jor_n and_o peam_n the_o other_o malaca_n and_o the_o territory_n adjoin_v so_o that_o between_o they_o they_o bereave_v he_o of_o two_o hundred_o mile_n of_o land_n and_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o the_o custom_n arise_v upon_o the_o carri_v out_o and_o bring_v in_o of_o merchandise_n they_o abstain_v from_o further_a invasion_n of_o the_o inland_n province_n and_o hold_v it_o good_a policy_n to_o keep_v firm_a peace_n with_o the_o king_n and_o his_o country_n towards_o the_o west_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o pegu_n like_o a_o half_a moon_n between_o the_o mountain_n of_o brama_n and_o jangoma_n towards_o the_o north_n lie_v the_o gudoni_n inhabit_v the_o barren_a and_o sharp_a mountain_n between_o who_o and_o siam_n dwell_v the_o people_n of_o lay._n this_o people_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o siam_n for_o fear_n of_o these_o cannibal_n of_o who_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v for_o his_o protection_n they_o have_v long_o ago_o be_v utter_o devour_v not_o forty_o year_n since_o the_o king_n make_v a_o journey_n against_o they_o with_o twenty_o thousand_o horse_n their_o horse_n be_v small_a but_o excellent_a good_a in_o travel_n 250._o thousand_o footman_n and_o ten_o thousand_o elephant_n part_n employ_v for_o service_n part_n for_o carriage_n no_o kingdom_n have_v great_a store_n of_o these_o beast_n or_o do_v more_o use_v they_o a_o innumerable_a number_n of_o ox_n buffal_n and_o beast_n of_o carriage_n follow_v this_o army_n who_o they_o slay_v when_o they_o want_v other_o provision_n hitherto_o have_v we_o devise_v of_o siam_n and_o pegu_n as_o they_o stand_v before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o portugal_n 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through_o the_o whole_a land_n there_o be_v not_o a_o town_n contain_v above_o 1600._o household_n and_o but_o few_o of_o that_o quantity_n for_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o dwell_v disperse_v in_o small_a village_n they_o have_v no_o castle_n or_o fortification_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o spartan_n maintain_v that_o a_o country_n ought_v to_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o sword_n and_o not_o by_o strength_n of_o earth_n or_o stone_n they_o barter_v one_o thing_n for_o another_o and_o to_o make_v reckon_n even_o they_o supply_v the_o want_n with_o corn_n and_o salt_n for_o pepper_n frankincense_n myrrh_n and_o salt_n they_o give_v gold_n and_o that_o by_o weight_n as_o for_o silver_n it_o be_v in_o little_a request_n the_o great_a concourse_n of_o people_n be_v about_o the_o king_n court_n which_o never_o stay_v long_o in_o one_o place_n
but_o be_v ever_o in_o progress_n sometime_o in_o one_o place_n sometime_o in_o another_o and_o ever_o in_o the_o open_a field_n under_o tent_n and_o pavilion_n it_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n his_o government_n be_v tyrannical_a for_o he_o intreat_v his_o vassal_n rich_a and_o poor_a more_o like_a slave_n than_o subject_n which_o to_o do_v with_o the_o great_a safety_n he_o carry_v himself_o among_o they_o with_o a_o certain_a holy_a and_o saintlike_a adoration_n for_o at_o his_o bare_a name_n they_o bow_v their_o body_n and_o touch_v the_o earth_n with_o their_o hand_n they_o reverence_v his_o pavilion_n yea_o though_o he_o be_v absent_a in_o old_a time_n they_o be_v accustom_v to_o show_v themselves_o unto_o the_o people_n but_o once_o in_o three_o year_n but_o since_o they_o be_v grow_v less_o majestical_a show_v themselves_o thrice_o in_o one_o year_n to_o wit_n on_o christmas_n day_n on_o easter_n day_n &_o holy_a rood_n day_n yea_o and_o in_o these_o time_n panufius_fw-la which_o now_o reign_v be_v become_v more_o gracious_a when_o any_o matter_n of_o weight_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o princess_n name_n to_o any_o man_n be_v he_o never_o so_o great_a he_o be_v to_o attend_v his_o commission_n stark_o naked_a to_o the_o middle_n neither_o may_v be_v put_v on_o his_o garment_n without_o licence_n be_v call_v to_o witness_v a_o matter_n in_o controversy_n they_o hardly_o speak_v truth_n unless_n they_o swear_v by_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n he_o give_v and_o take_v to_o who_o and_o from_o who_o he_o please_v neither_o dare_v he_o from_o who_o he_o take_v for_o his_o life_n show_v a_o discontent_a countenance_n he_o present_v to_o holy_a order_n and_o dispose_v at_o his_o good_a pleasure_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o laity_n in_o travel_v he_o ride_v shadow_v with_o red_a curtain_n high_a and_o deep_o incopass_v he_o round_o about_o he_o wear_v on_o his_o head_n a_o crown_n the_o one_o half_o wrought_v of_o gold_n the_o other_o of_o silver_n &_o in_o his_o hand_n he_o bear_v a_o silver_n crucifix_n he_o cover_v his_o face_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o watchet_a taffeta_n which_o more_o or_o less_o he_o lift_v up_o &_o put_v down_o according_a as_o he_o be_v mind_v to_o grace_v he_o with_o who_o he_o talk_v sometime_o he_o show_v his_o whole_a leg_n lift_v it_o without_o the_o hang_n then_o may_v no_o man_n approach_v but_o by_o degree_n and_o after_o many_o courtesy_n and_o diverse_a message_n pass_v to_o and_o fro_o no_o man_n have_v vassal_n but_o the_o king_n to_o who_o once_o a_o year_n they_o do_v homage_n and_o protest_v obedience_n as_o subject_n to_o their_o liege_n sovereign_n he_o derive_v his_o pedigree_n from_o mileich_n the_o son_n of_o solomon_n and_o saba_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o candace_n they_o receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n and_o about_o that_o time_n one_o gasparis_n become_v famous_a in_o aethiopia_n from_o who_o after_o thirteen_o generation_n descend_v that_o john_n who_o first_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o â—â—rname_n of_o sanctus_n and_o leave_v it_o a_o hereditary_a title_n to_o his_o house_n and_o successor_n this_o man_n have_v no_o issue_n of_o his_o body_n about_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n give_v the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o his_o brother_n caius_n and_o invest_v the_o young_a balihasar_n and_o melchior_n the_o one_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fatigar_n the_o other_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o goiam_n and_o so_o divide_v the_o blood-royal_n into_o three_o family_n the_o gaspar_n balthasars_n and_o melchiâ—rs_n to_o avoid_v sedition_n and_o innovation_n he_o make_v a_o law_n that_o the_o son_n brethren_n &_o near_a kindred_n of_o the_o emperor_n shall_v be_v keep_v and_o shut_v up_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o mount_n amara_fw-la and_o that_o they_o shall_v neither_o succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n nor_o enjoy_v any_o honourable_a estate_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o emperor_n ever_o since_o have_v seldom_o marry_v he_o manure_v his_o own_o field_n with_o his_o own_o slave_n and_o cattle_n who_o by_o reason_n they_o be_v suffer_v to_o marry_v and_o their_o issue_n remain_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n of_o villeinage_n as_o do_v their_o father_n they_o daily_o increase_v to_o infinite_a multitude_n every_o man_n that_o have_v any_o inheritance_n do_v likewise_o pay_v tribute_n some_o horse_n some_o ox_n other_o gold_n cotton_n wool_n or_o such_o like_a commodity_n it_o be_v think_v that_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o infinite_a treasure_n and_o to_o have_v storehouse_n full_a of_o cloth_n jewel_n and_o gold_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o will_v wage_v war_n against_o the_o infidel_n he_o offer_v he_o a_o million_o of_o gold_n and_o a_o million_o of_o man_n with_o provision_n according_a he_o his_o report_v to_o lay_v up_o yearly_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o amara_fw-la three_o million_o of_o gold_n and_o true_a it_o be_v that_o before_o the_o day_n of_o king_n alexander_n he_o do_v hoard_v up_o great_a store_n of_o gold_n in_o rude_a and_o unwrought_a mass_n but_o no_o such_o quantity_n because_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o refine_v it_o his_o revenue_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n the_o first_o arise_v of_o his_o crown_n land_n the_o second_o of_o the_o tax_n of_o his_o people_n who_o pay_v every_o man_n by_o house_n somewhat_o beside_o the_o ten_o of_o all_o that_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o their_o mine_n the_o three_o he_o levy_v of_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o they_o give_v he_o the_o revenue_n of_o any_o one_o of_o their_o town_n which_o he_o will_v choose_v so_o he_o choose_v not_o that_o wherein_o themselves_o inhabit_v and_o albeit_o the_o prince_n be_v very_o rich_a yet_o the_o people_n be_v idle_a and_o beggarly_a partly_o because_o they_o be_v entreat_v as_o slave_n which_o usage_n take_v from_o any_o people_n that_o courage_n and_o alacririe_a of_o spirit_n which_o shall_v be_v in_o man_n profess_v arm_n and_o undergo_n danger_n and_o partly_o because_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o base_a bond_n of_o servile_a fidelity_n wherewith_o they_o be_v overawe_v to_o his_o majesty_n they_o perceive_v their_o hand_n be_v fast_o bind_v through_o fear_n whereof_o they_o have_v no_o other_o weapon_n fit_a for_o service_n than_o a_o rusty_a headpiece_n a_o skull_n or_o cuirass_n which_o the_o portugal_n have_v bring_v thither_o so_o that_o have_v neither_o fortress_n to_o fly_v unto_o nor_o weapon_n to_o repulse_v wrong_n their_o village_n and_o substance_n lie_v always_o open_a to_o the_o pray_v and_o spoil_v of_o whosoever_o will_v invade_v they_o their_o offensive_a weapon_n be_v certain_a dart_n and_o arrow_n without_o feather_n they_o observe_v a_o lent_n of_o fifty_o day_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o true_a or_o rather_o superstitious_a abstinence_n do_v bring_v their_o body_n so_o weak_a and_o low_a that_o for_o many_o day_n after_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o gather_v strength_n to_o move_v themselves_o from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o at_o which_o time_n the_o moor_n watch_v the_o opportunity_n invade_v their_o dominion_n and_o carry_v away_o man_n woman_n and_o wealth_n francis_n aluarez_n write_v that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n but_o experience_n have_v manifest_v that_o even_o in_o his_o extremity_n his_o number_n be_v far_o inferior_a to_o that_o reckon_n he_o have_v knight_n of_o the_o order_n dedicate_v to_o the_o protection_n of_o saint_n anthony_n every_o gentleman_n father_n of_o three_o son_n except_v the_o elder_a be_v bind_v to_o give_v one_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n out_o of_o these_o be_v choose_v twelve_o thousand_o horseman_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o his_o person_n their_o vow_n and_o oath_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o to_o fight_v against_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n he_o be_v affront_v with_o three_o puissant_a neighbour_n the_o king_n of_o borno_n the_o great_a turk_n and_o the_o king_n of_o adel._n the_o king_n of_o borno_n be_v lord_n of_o that_o country_n which_o from_o guangula_n eastward_o stretch_v about_o five_o hundred_o mile_n between_o the_o desert_n of_o seth_n and_o barca_n in_o situation_n it_o be_v very_o uneven_a sometime_o mountainous_a and_o sometime_o plain_a the_o people_n indifferent_a civil_a the_o country_n reasonable_o well_o inhabit_v and_o in_o regard_n of_o plenty_n of_o victual_n somewhat_o resort_v unto_o by_o merchant_n upon_o the_o mountain_n dwell_v neatherd_n and_o shepherd_n live_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o millet_n lead_v a_o bestial_a life_n without_o religion_n and_o accompany_v with_o one_o a_o other_o wife_n in_o common_a they_o know_v no_o other_o name_n than_o such_o as_o be_v give_v they_o for_o some_o note_n or_o mark_v