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A51734 De termino vitæ; or The term of life Viz. Whether it is fix'd or alterable; with the sense of the Jewish doctors, both ancient and modern, touching predestination and free-will. Also an explication of several obscure passages and prophecies in the Old Testament; together with some remarkable customs observ'd by the Jews. Written in Latin by the famous Menasseh Ben Israel the Jew and now translated into English. To which are added, the author's life, never before publish'd; and a catalogue of his works.; De termino vitæ. English. Manasseh ben Israel, 1604-1657. 1700 (1700) Wing M374; ESTC R217049 59,956 151

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Inquisition that Rack of Men's Consciences was first introduc'd into Spain in the Reign of Ferdinand the Fifth 1478. by the especial Procurement of Don Pedro Gonsales de Mendoza Cardinal and Archbishop of Sevil occasion'd by the Apostacy of the newly converted Jews and Moors who began to return to their old Superstition Now this in some respect had been practis'd before for in the fourth Council of Toledo A. D. 639. in the Reign of Sysenandus the Apostatizing Jews were compell'd to persevere in the Christian Religion lest the Name of Jesus might be blasphemed and the Faith which they had embraced might by that means become vile and contemptible This was ratified likewise by the eighth Council held at the same Place A. D. 671. when Recesuvindus Reign'd over the Goths After all these Iliads of Afflictions they remain at this Day scatter'd over the Face of the whole Earth and because they continue peaceable by the Connivance of our Laws they are not disturb'd And good reason for if as most learned Men agree they will all be converted to the Christian Religion no place can be more proper to promote this Conversion than a Christian Country But alas there are three Impediments to this especially in Foreign Parts 1. The Scandals of the Papists 2. The want of Means to instruct them And 3. The Punishment or Loss which by their Conversion they incurr As many Papists are converted to Judaism as Jews to Christianity Several of our Countrymen as Doctor Gouge Doctor Jessey c. have by their Conversation and Charity piously endeavour'd to begin this good Work But that which must be most effectual to the Proficiency and Accomplishment of it is by letting them see our good Works and then we may joyfully see them glorifiing not only our Father which is in Heaven but the Son and Holy Ghost too Let us not maliciously imagine that they have a natural unsavory Smell but let us be careful that our Sins do not stink in their Nostrils We ought not to mispend our Time in railing against the Jews but we must mortifie our Sins those more inveterate Murderers of the Lord of Life and Glory Our Sins daily spit upon him and bind him and load him with a Burden much heavier than that of the Cross Let us unanimously endeavour to advance the means of their Conversion as well as pray for it This I am sure was the devout Practice of the Christians in the Primitive Church for Clemens often takes notice of the Prayers that were offer'd up for the Jews in the Easter-Week 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 5. c. 12.14 Now this Time and this Country may afford us seasonable Opportunities for I am not a little satisfied that the Obstinacy and Stiffness they were once remarkable for are almost worn off One odd Fancy they still entertain which Menasseh ben-Ben-Israel has strongly asserted in his Spes Israelis that is That the Ten Tribes which were lost are now behind the Caspian Mountains from whence they expect their Messias who with Fire and Sword shall subdue the World and restore their Temporal Kingdom The Tribes that now remain are of Judah and Benjamin most part of the former being settl'd in the East the latter in Germany Holland Italy and England He that desires to see the History of the Rites Customs and Manner of Life of the Modern Jews may read Leo Modena a Rabbin of Venice translated by Mr. Chilmead of Christ-Church in Oxon. 1650. I shall conclude with an Exhortation to the Jews besides my Prayers for them taken out of the 95th Psalm Harden not your Hearts as in the Provocation and as in the Day of Temptation in the Wilderness c. The Catalogue of the Works of Menasseh Ben-Israel which he presented to Mr. Paul Felgenhawer in the Year 1655. Hebraicé LIbri 4 de immortalitate animae Pene Rabba super Rabot antiquorum Rabbinorum Latinè Hispanicé Pars prima Conciliatoris Libri tres de Resurrectione Mortuorum Problemata de Creatione De Termino Vitae De fragilitate humana Spes Israelis Grammatica Hebraea cum novis observationibus Oratio gratulatoria ad Celsissimum Principem Auriacum Oratio panegyrica ad sereniss Reginam Sueciae Hispanicé Conciliatoris omnes partes Pentateuchus cum Margin notis Libri 5 de ritibus Ceremoniis Judaeorum Duobus Tomis Biblia Hispanica cum Commentariis De statua Nebuchadonosoris 12o. Libellus Anglicus De fidelitate utilitate Judaicae Gentis Sequuntu● Libri parati ad Editionem De cultu Imaginum ipsiusmet Dei contra Pontificios Latiné 450 Conciones in Linguâ Lusitanicâ Loci communes omnium Midrasini sive Sententiae antiquorum Rabbinorum Hebraicé Bibliotheca Rabbinorum cum argumentis lib. quibus adduntur diversae impressiones ubi quando editae cum judicio meo de quolibet Phocilides ex Graeco in versum Hispanicum redditus Libri adhuc sub manibus versantes nondum perfecti Hist Judaica vel continuatio Hist F. Josephi ad haec usque tempora De divinitate legis Mosaicae De scientia Talmudistarum in omnibus facultatibus Hebraicé Nomenclator Heb Arab. De disciplinis Rabbin Philosophia Rabbinica Menasseh Ben-Israel OF THE Term of Life BOOK I. SECT 1. SOLOMON plainly declares that there is a certain Term or Time of Man's life appointed afore-hand Eccles 3.1 2. To every thing there is a Season and a Time to every Purpose under the Heaven A Time to be born and a Time to die c. For as he assigns a determined Time to all sublunary things so likewise does he attribute the same to Life and Death That Place of Job is remarkable Ch. 7.1 Is there not an appointed Time to Man upon Earth Most of the Hebrew Doctors upon this Place agree that the Time is fixed how long a Man shall live Job is more express in another Place Chap. 14.5 Seeing his days are determin'd the number of his months are with thee thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass Here the Doctors are of the same Opinion This is likewise confirmed another way Moses saith Exod. 23.26 The number of thy days I will fulfil And David Ps 39.4 Lard make me to know mine end and the measure of my days and in the next Verse Behold thou hast made my days as an hand breadth Where R. Solomon comments As a thing that is measur'd with the hand so are the days of Man determin'd Solomon Eccl. 5.18 All the days of his Life which God giveth him Job 14.14 All the days of my appointed time will I wait till my change come From whence it is inferr'd that our Life consists of a certain number of days afore-appointed And because Life has such a Term to which as to a Goal Man bends his Course hereupon the Scripture makes use of this Phrase Gen. 47.29 And the Time drew nigh that Israel must die Deut. 31.14 And the Lord said unto Moses Behold thy days approach that thou must die 1
Reason is this because of the Accusations and Complaints of Rehum and Shimshai in the Reign of Cyrus the Temple was not finish'd only the Foundation laid till the second year of Darius which was 22 years after But when Cyrus had given abundance of Gold and Silver towards the Re-edification of the Temple and had releas'd a great many Slaves therefore it is said in the next Chapter v. 13. I have rais'd him up in Righteousness and I will direct all his ways he shall build my City and shall let go my Captives not for Price nor Reward saith the Lord of Hosts 4. It was likewise foretold by the Prophet that the Temple should be destroy'd by the Jews themselves For after the tedious Lamentations of the People in the time of the Captivity he adds these words Chap. 49.14 But Zion said the Lord hath forsaken me and my Lord hath forgotten me Thy Children shall make haste thy Destroyers and they that made thee wast shall go forth of thee v. 17. This was fulfill'd when Simen and Jonathan and others by their intestine Seditions hasten'd the Destruction of the Temple Whence F. Josephus speaks thus of the Wars of the Jews B. 7. c. 4. Who is ignorant of the Writings of the ancient Prophets and their Prophecies wherein this wretched City is foretold to be destroy'd by those that being born Jews murder our own Nation and now not only the City but the Temple is full of the dead Bodies 5. Isaiah the Prophet saith Chap. 54.17 No Weapon that is form'd against thee shall prosper and every tongue that shall rise against thee in Judgment thou shalt condemn This is the heritage of the servants of the Lord and their Righteousness is of me saith the Lord. This Prophecy was also fulfill'd for almost all Nations have oppos'd the Jewish Law some by Arguments and some by Force Therefore it is said no Weapon of War and every Tongue c. For Writers in the midst of their Endeavours have wanted Success Then says the Prophet shall not Prosper c. This is manifestly verified in the Example of Nebuchadnezzar who seduc'd all the Jews to worship Idols except Daniel Hananiah Mishael and Azariah who did not renounce their Religion But what was the Consequence God inflicted condign Punishment upon the King and Truth was restor'd again The Graecians also were no less cruel and severe to the Jews For they compell'd them to prophane the Sabbath and omit Circumcision but what was worse to write upon their Garments We have no Portion in the Lord God of Israel And these words they were forc'd to burn into the Horns of their Oxen if they would make use of them After this manner the Jews were persecuted for 52 years at last God reveng'd himself upon Antiochus and all the Graecians by the Subversion of the Empire and the Laws while the Jews preserv'd theirs In remembrance of so rigorous a Persecution the old Men whensoever they relate the Edicts of the Graecians against the Jews always conclude with this Speech And let Peace be upon Israel And here I may speak of Emanuel King of Portugal What Advantage was it to him to compel the Jews by Cruelty to become Christians He was so far from advancing his Interest by it that it was a vast Prejudice to his Kingdom For the Nation was almost depopulated the Jews retiring into such Countries where they might be more Civilly treated and where they might more freely exercise their Religion Besides he died within a few years after and after all he did not obtain so much Honour by it as he expected Osorius the Kings Historiographer lib. 1. seems to rebuke him very sharply and freely for that thing when he says This was done neither out of Law or Religion What then Do you endeavour to oblige a Contumacious People to believe those things which they so much despise and abhor Do you pretend to abridge the Freedom of Man's Will and check unruly Minds But that is impossible neither does Christ the most Holy God approve of it He desires a voluntary not a compulsive Sacrifice from us neither would he have our Consciences impos'd upon but that our Wills should be invited and courted to the Practice of true Religion and in another place he calls this Action wicked and unjust See how the Prophets Prediction is fulfill'd in him shall not Prosper viz. while he endeavours to compel the Jews to renounce their Religion Hither may we refer what is mention'd in Solomon's Song Chap. 6.13 Return Return O Shulamite Return Return that we may look upon thee What will ye see in the Shulamite As it were the Company of two Armies It is four times said Return in respect of the four Monarchies under which the Israelites liv'd For the Jews are this perfect Shulamite For as much as the Gentiles endeavour'd to divert us from the Worship of the true God by the Promises of honourable and noble Rewards yet the Shulamite courageously answers That he does not value all the Honours they propose For they are much inferior to those Honours which were exhibited on Mount Sinai to which the Hosts of Israel and the Angelick Choire approach'd as David expresses himself Psal 68.17 This is very remarkable that the Laws of Plato Lycurgus and other such wise Men are quite decay'd while Moses's Statutes continue to this very time and whose Rites and Ceremonies are observ'd by several People 6. Many things likewise have come to pass which where foretold by Ezekiel long before as that in Chap. 22.15 And I will scatter thee among the Heathen and disperse thee in the Countries and will consume thy Filthiness out of thee This must be understood of the Jewish Captivity under the Romans not Nebuchadnezzar For then the Jews were not dispers'd into all parts of the World neither were they free from Pollution by Reason of their Marriages with Strangers and the Profanation of the Sabbath and other Sins Wherefore they were once more lead into Captivity by the Romans and then scatter'd all over the World after that the Romans had subdued other Nations and reconcil'd them by the Mildness of their Government Otherwise it would have been no easie matter to vanquish the Jews by force After the Romans had Conquer'd them and turn'd 'em out of Doors they settl'd themselves in Spain Italy Africk England and other Countreys so that it might be justly said of them as it was of the Trojans that they should esteem it an Honour to be banish'd out of their own Countrey For before their Dominion was confin'd but now they were Lords of all the World In the same manner the Jews after their Banishment like Plants which are remov'd were admitted into the most populous Cities and seated in the securest Parts of ' em We know by Experience that those Cities have flourish'd most where the Jews have liv'd upon this Account because they are very much inclin'd to promote the Trade of Merchandize Thus we