by the Archbishop of Canterbury and she was euer after to be called the Queene Dowager few or none but are either so farre read in our English Chronicles or may obserue what afterwards became of the Popes vsurped Heptarchie in England and what further followed So here you haue heard the relation of the Story of this great Queene Katherine though infortunate was indeed a mirrour and example of wisedome integritie sincerity and all Royall and Princely vertues Yet it is vnlike but that before her comming ouet into this kingdome she might be detractiuely expostulated of and had not she beene as she is here discribed as the times afterwards were she would assuredly haue had her part of detraction from our Writers as they haue beene some way sparing of her due commendation After her separation and diuorce from the King there is little newes of her but that within some three yeares after at Kimbleton in the County of Huntington Queene Katherine deceased she there religiously liued and dyed and lyeth interred in the Cathedrall Church of Peterborough The next mariage betwixt England and Spaine King Philip the second came ouer into England and married Queene Mary Daughter to Henry the Eight which he had by Queene Katherine of Spaine That Mariage is yet so fresh in memory and amongst the countrie people is indeed a great occasion of producing those feares and doubts they seeme to apprehend these things I must acknowledge are too great a consequence of State for me to meddle withall yet vnder fauour as a Moderator I would willingly the country people should truly know and take it into their considerations that for those persecutions in Queene Maryes time it was thought she was much the more thereunto drawne by her two Bishops that were such bloud-hounds Gardener and Bonner King Phillip was both a mediator and Moderator what he could to stay them the which with the story of the mariage and other passages concerning the same I will here as our owne Writers haue affirmed briefly and truely relate Queene Mary her intent to marry with King Phillip she caused to be published Stephen Gardener then Lord Chancellour made a speech to the Nobilitie in the Chamber of presence setting forth the honour the riches and augmentation of Titles to the Crowne of England yet was it distastefull to many great feares and doubts instantly conceaued would follow as well the Church reformed as for the pollitique and State affaires of the kingdome The first beginners of commotion were Henry Duke of Suffolke and Sir Thomas Wyat making Proclaimations for the abandoning of strangers and to withstand the Queenes mariage with King Philip the reasons they further alleaged and published their proceedings and infortunate ends I leaue the reader to the perusall of their Stories by diuers Written at large The Queene remoued to the Tower The Queens mariage confirmed by Parliament Anno. 2. Ca. 2. Some of the Nobility and Commons much discontented The Queene sent Letters to giue them some content summons a Parliament wherein by Statute the mariage was confirmed to the great contentment comfort and ioy of the then time obseruers But some of the Nobilitie and the Commons for the most part were much grieued and discontented thereat These distastiue stomacks Queene Mary well perceauing therefore to giue them the more content she sent Letters signed with her owne hand into Wales charging the Lord President the Bishop of Oxford and Salisburie to intimate the benefit therof to the whole land as much as might be and especially London whose Lord Maior and Commons were sent for to whom the Lord Chancellour made a Speech told them how by the match all the Realme would be much intiched The Londoners became instantly for the mariage but especially London by their Trade and Traffique with Spaine that was enough not only to alter and reduce but to set them an edge beyond or at least equiuolent with all other respects or considerations whatsoeuer The Earle of Bedford and the Lord Fitzwaters King Phillip sent for were sent into Spaine to conduct King Phillip into England the Lord Admirall with twenty eight ships securing the seas the space of three moneths before All things thus ordered and Phillip in readinesse tooke shipping at Carone in Gallezia and with a Nauie of an hundred and fiftie sailed directed his course for the Queene vpon Friday the twenty day of Iuly he arriued at Southampton King Phillip landed in England and was the first man of the Fleete that set soote on the shore which no sooner done but he drew his Sword and bare it naked in his hand as he went The Earle of Arundle Steward of the Queenes house presented to his Highnesse the George and Garter and the Maior of the Towne of Southaempton the keyes of the Towne thither was sent the Lord Chancellour from the Queene and he againe of his Nobles sent to her who was on the way to Winchester to welcome himselfe Towards which City vpon Munday following he set forth being accompanied with the Marquesse of Winchester the Earles of Arundle Darby Worcester Bedford Rutland Penbroke and Surry the Lords Clynton Cobham Willoughbie Darcy Matreuers Talbot Strange Fitz-warren and North. The Spanish Nobles The Spanish traine were the Dukes of Aluer and Medina Cellina the Admirall of Castilla the Marquesse of Bergnes Piscara Sarra Valli Anguilar the Earles of Egmonde Horne Peria Chinchon Oliuares Saldana Medela Euente Sallida Landriano Castellar the Bishop of Cuenca and others so that more honourable Attendants had sildome beene seene Then there were Articles agreed on which were branched out into tenne propositions whereunto King Philip subscribed they were very honourable for England the perticulars of them I leaue the Reader to Mr. Speede his excellent compendious worke where the whole passages of this affaire and these Articles are at large related Then with the consent of all parties The matriage of King Philip and Queene Mary Anno 1554. the marriage with great state was solemnized at Winchester vpon Wednesday being the 25. of Iuly on Saint Iames day where the Emperours Ambassadours presently pronounced that in consideration of this marriage their Maister had giuen vnto his sonne Philip the Kingdomes of Naples and Ierusalem whereupon their titles by Garter King at Armes was solemnly proclaimed with these stiles as followeth Philip and Mary by the grace of God King and Queene of England Fraunce Naples Ierusalem and Ireland defender of the Faith Princes of Spaine and Cicill Archdukes of Austritch Dukes of Millane Burgundy and Brabant Counties of Haspurge Flaunders and Tyroll In Nouember following the marriage the Queene was reported to haue bene conceiued with Childe for ioy whereof Te Deum was commaunded solemnly to be sung and Processions and Prayers made for her safe deliuerance The Queene tooke her Chamber the Court was full of Midwiues and Gentlewomen Attendants Rockers were prouided the Cradle prepared and all made so certaine that some
the storie of those Princes concerning those affaires PRescription and precedents swaying with the positiue lawes of the Kingdome they may then farre better ouer-rule or at least giue Reall satisfaction in point of meere conceit and late conceiued disaffection reading our owne Annalles and Chronicles we shall there finde many mutuall intermarriages to haue beene betweene the two Royall Crownes of England and Spaine began in the very infancie of our Monarchy running in a long discent chayned and linked together one with another making as it were a golden Orbe and circle of sincere Princely loue and amity so that many mighty Kings of Spaine and Portingale haue had Royall mothers of the English Nation and likewise many Royall Princesses of Spaine haue beene the blessed mothers of some puisant and victorious Kings of England King William surnamed the conquerour by whom England receiued his last subuersion and generall alteration his courses of gouernment institutions and lawes by which wee are now gouerned being exactly executed were as linkes intermutually fastned made so strong a Chaine that it hath euer since held together the whole frame of the state in peace and order as all the politique Regiments vpon earth all the inter-leagued societies of men cannot shew a straighter forme of combination This King first began contracted Margaret his youngest daughter to Alphonsus King of Galicia 1076. Henry the second lineally discended from him a famous and worthy King of England married Elenor his second daughter to another Alphonsus the ninth 1171. surnamed the good King of Castile Richard the first surnamed Cuer de Lyon sonne of Henry the second he tooke to wife Berengaria daughter of Sanctius King of Nauarr. The next intermarriage wee finde to haue betweene those two Nations being England had thereby a Queene therein And so for other in like sort I will be more particular it was in the time of King Henry the third Henry the third raigned 56. yeares who of all the Kings of England since the conquest raigned longest and his troubles therein the greatest not any wayes occasioned by the marriage but for that he would rule and gouerne according to his will and lusts and not by his lawes those that desire to be more particularly informed thereof Stowe Hollinsh Speede. the story of his life written by many will giue them further and full satisfaction for so much as shall concerne marriages and other passages betweene England and Spaine I will onely contract my selfe This King when he had raigned 39. yeares with infinite and daily troubles of ciuill warres with his Barons hee was suddainly called to another seruice from home Alphonso King of Spaine The King of Spaine claimed Gascoyne claymed title to Gascoyne by vertue of a Charter from Henry the second confirmed by Richard and Iohn Kings of England Henry the third fearing the Gascoyners would draw in the Spaniards peaceably as it were in the manner of a Progresse repayred into Gascoyne King of England went into Gascoyney and from thence sent Ambassadors to the King of Spayne to desire that the Lady Elenor his sister might bee giuen in marriage to his sonne Prince Edward Ambassadors sent into Spaine to treat of a marriage which was after Edward the first this motion was well approued besides that they brought Letters Patents with them from the King of Spaine in which amongst all other clauses it was contained The King of Spaine released his claime to Gasconey that the King of Spaine did quit his claime and whole right which by vertue of any graunts from Henry Richard and Iohn Kings of England he had or ought to haue herevpon the King of England sendeth both for his Queene and his sonne whom the King of Spaine desired The King of Spaine sends for the Prince of England might be conuayed vnto him onely with a noble intent to see and doe him honour Among other acts of sincerity and loue Alphonso sent to the King of England good aduice that after the example of good Kings and Princes he should be a Lamb to his Subiects and Seruitors and a Lyon vnto Aliens and Rebels Soone after the Queene and her sonne arriuing in Gascoyne when all things were rightly prepared Prince Edward was thence presently sent into Spaine where at the Citie of Burges he married the Lady Elenor sister to the King with great honour The Prince of England marrieth with the King of Spaines sister hauing first receiued Knighthood at his hands which done returnes to Burdeux from whence they altogether came safe through Fraunce into England the King of Fraunce being not long before returned from the Holy land The Prince of England had great entertainment in Fraunce gaue them both safe conduct in their passage and did to him and all his whole company all the honour with triumphes and feasts which the wit of man or the goodly Kingdome of Fraunce could afford afterwards landed safely at Douer what treasure this noble young Princesse brought in portion to her husband our Writers haue not deliuered vnto vs but the king forthwith gaue to his sonne Gascoyne Ireland Bristowe Stamford and Grantham King Henry liued after the marriage of his sonne seauenteene yeares during which time this Spanish Lady carried her selfe The Spanish Lady a most vertuous Princesse as a most noble and worthy Princesse and afterwards being Queene a more renowned loyall and vertuous wife no age euer afforded This King Edward the first amongst many his enterprises of a Royall and Kingly resolution went in person to Warre against the Sarazenes where that renowned and vertuous Lady Elenor his wife did endure with him an vnseperable companion of all his fortunes and was at Acon deliuered of a daughter there baptized by the name of Ione shee is denoated by our owne Writers to be a matchlesse precedent of coniugall affection the King her husband being trayterously wounded by a Sarazen with a poysoned knife that when no medicine could extract the poyson this Lady Elenor whilest the King her husband slept With her tongue daily licked his ranckling wounds drawing forth the impoysoned matter that soone after hee was fully cured and shee fortunately preserued The King and Queene not long after taking their iourney together towards Scotland the Queene in her way thither-wards sickned and dyed in the yeare 1284. The king almost struck dead with sorrpw alters his resolution returnes backe towards London with a long and sorrowfull iourney in a slowe and stately manner shee being conuayed out of Lincolnshire towards London in her honour the king her husband who loued her aboue all worldly creatures caused those many famous Crosses to bee erected wheresoeuer her Royall corpes did rest Charing Crosse at Waltham St. Albones and Dunstable The King with his whole Nobility and Clergie in a pompeous and Royall manner meetes the body at Saint Albones and with a Noble and generall concourse of his Subiects brings it to the
conquest formerly gouerned by Roitelets as petty Kings and now inhabited by seuerall nations of seuerall natures So that the nature necessitie and disposition of the Kings of Spaine their affaires requireth that they must carry somewhat a harder hand in their gouernment then ordinarie otherwise they cannot secure nor make good their plantations nor retaine their subiects in obedience And the very name of conquest imports violence and misery and is of so harsh a sound and odious in nature that from a Nation subdued detractions will suppresse all commendations a Conquerour shall any waies deserue Though their gouerning of such like subiects may be particuler yet the aspersion in that kinde will runne in the generall and a long time as it were in discent especially amongst malignant dispositions In remote parts of Kings Dominions where the gouernment by them is committed to subordinate Officers Commanders sometimes barbarous and in humane acts may be done by them the cōmon people which Kings in their nature may much abhorre and detest yet for the same in their honour and reputation they often suffer Then they further alleage that the Kings of Spaine to the Turkes Moores and such like Infidels haue beene many times a scourge But then in particular with the Italians Portugals French English Scottish and Flemmish their dealings with them to haue beene most honourable quiet iust and without iniurie offered to any which is said to appeare by their owne testimonies and witnesses also of many Writers For the warre Thillip the second and other affaires that haue passed in Portugall they were so carried and no otherwise for the iustification thereof out of Hieromme Francht a Genoes that was present and wrot the storie and in other points sheweth himself no great friend to Spaniards yet doth he so iustifie all the Kings actions in these affaires euen by the testimonie of the Portugals themselues as they seeme rather ouer-scrupulous then onely iustifiable Then there is further cyted Genebrard a French Writer that setteth out the King of Spaine his noble proceedings with France in all the times of the minorities of King Henry the second his children to wit Francis Charles and Henry the third and how he neuer sought either to profit himselfe or to impaire the kingdome of France during those troubles and thereupon giueth a touch by way of taxe for the taking of Newhauen by the English further alleaging that the King of Spaine at his owne charges sent aides of men horse victuals and money often times to the succours of those young Princes notwithstanding the old enmities and emulation betweene those two Crownes of France and Spaine and the cruell warres that had passed betweene them many yeares And maketh further relation of the king his clement proceeding with his owne subiects that rebelled in the low Countries as appeared by his many pardons peaces and tollerations made with them his liberall and noble dealings with the English Irish and Scottish especially such as were subiect to troubles for their conscience at home those he sustained liberally without requiring any seruice at their hands And lastly for the great wealth forces strength Note and power of the King of Spaine being a friend and temperately vsed cannot be fearefull to any good man but rather comfortable nor to be dangerous to Christendome but rather a great and singuler stay and prouidence of Almighty God who foreseeing the tumults and reuolts that heresies might bring in and the dangers Christendome might be subiect vnto by the great power and strength of Infidels the Turkes and Moores hath prouided so potent and opulent a Prince as the king of Spaine for the defence of the Catholike Church For the manifestation thereof two speciall obseruations worthy of note haue beene collected and cited the first after that interleaged and indissoluable knot of amity and alyance which was betweene Henry the seauenth Ferdinando and Isabella King and Queene of Spaine there mutually passed betweene them many Letters congratulatory amongst which there came Letters from Ferdinande and Isabella signifying the finall conquest of Granada from the Moores which action it selfe so worthy King Ferdinando whose manner was as indeed the nature is neuer to lose any vertue for the shewing expressed and displayed in his Leters at large all the particularities and religious punctures and ceremonies that were obserued in the reception of the Citie and king dome shewing amongst other things that the King would not by any meanes in person enter the City vntill he had first aloose seene the Crosse set vp vpon the greater Tower of Granada whereby it became Christian ground That likewise before lie would enter he did homage to God alone pronouncing by an Herauld from the height of that Tower that he did acknowledge to haue recouered that kingdome by the helpe of God Almighty and the glorious Virgin and the vertuous Apostle S. Iames and the holy Father Pope Inocent the eight together with the aides and seruice of his Prelates Nobles and Commons that he stirred not from the campe till he had seene a little armie of Martyrs to the number of seauen hundred and more Christians that had liued in bonds and seruitude as slaues to the Moores passe before his eies singing a psalme for their redemption and that he had giuen tribute to God by almes and reliefe extended to them all for his admission into the City these things were in the Letters with many more ceremonies of a kinde of holy ostentation King Henry euer willing to put himselfe into the consort or quier of religious actions and naturally affecting much the King of Spaine as much as one King could affect another partly for his vertues and partly for a counterpoise to France vpon the receipt of these Letters sent all his Nobles and Prelats that were about the court together with the Maior and Aldermen of London in great solemnity to the Church of Pauls there to heare a declaration from Bishop Morton then Lord Chancellour and Cardinall standing vpon the vppermost step or halfe pace before the Quier and all the Nobles Prelats and Gouernours of the Citie at the foot of the stayres made a speech vnto them letting them know that they were assembled in that consecrated place to sing vnto God a new song for that said he these many yeares the Christians haue not gained new ground or territorie vpon the infidels nor enlarged and set further the bounds of the christian world But this is now done by the pronenesse deuotion of Feredinando and Isabella King and Queene of Spaine who haue to their immortall honour recouered the great and rich kingdome of Granada and the populous and mighty citie of the same name from the Moores hauing beene in possession thereof by the space of seauen hundred yeares and more For which this assembly and all Christians are to render laud and thankes to God and to celebrate this noble act of the King of Spaine who in this is not onely