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stumbling-block_n of_o rebellion_n s._n b._n r._n the_o folio_n edition_n 6_o mr._n petyt_n preface_n to_o his_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n asserted_n p.p.r.c._n 7._o dr._n brady_n answer_n to_o the_o say_a treatise_n b._n a._n p._n the_o folio_n edition_n the_o five_o dialogue_n between_o mr._n meanwell_n a_o civilian_n and_o mr._n freeman_n a_o gentleman_n m._n you_o be_v welcome_a sir_n i_o pray_v set_v down_o by_o the_o fire_n i_o be_v think_v before_o you_o come_v in_o of_o the_o best_a method_n of_o manage_v this_o important_a question_n whether_o by_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o can_v in_o any_o case_n whatever_o be_v lawful_a to_o resist_v the_o king_n or_o those_o that_o act_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o commission_n i_o shall_v therefore_o proceed_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o second_o proposition_n in_o the_o argument_n i_o at_o first_o propose_v or_o to_o speak_v logical_o the_o minor_a in_o 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and_o in_o all_o the_o statute_n of_o praemunire_n make_v by_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o king_n sovereignty_n independent_a from_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n be_v express_o assert_v and_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 16_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o express_o declare_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o free_a that_o it_o be_v under_o no_o earthly_a subjection_n but_o immediate_o subject_a to_o god_n in_o all_o thing_n touch_v the_o regality_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 24_o and_o 25_o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o express_o declare_v that_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v a_o empire_n govern_v by_o one_o supreme_a head_n and_o king_n and_o the_o crown_n or_o royal_a authority_n be_v also_o thereby_o declare_v imperial_a and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v therein_o stiâed_v king_n or_o emperor_n of_o this_o realm_n so_o that_o i_o think_v no_o man_n needs_o to_o doubt_v where_o the_o supreme_a or_o 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and_o create_v new_a dignity_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a as_o also_o to_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n to_o make_v law_n and_o in_o short_a to_o do_v all_o thing_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v essential_a to_o a_o monarch_n and_o that_o he_o alone_o be_v the_o sole_a sovereign_a power_n in_o this_o kingdom_n exclusive_a of_o all_o other_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n glaâvil_n and_o fortescue_n plain_o declare_v the_o former_a of_o which_o 10._o say_v thus_o rex_fw-la nullum_fw-la labour_n potest_fw-la parem_fw-la multò_fw-la minùs_fw-la superiorem_fw-la the_o same_o thing_n be_v also_o repeat_v by_o bracton_n and_o a_o very_a good_a reason_n give_v for_o it_o in_o these_o word_n 9_o omnis_fw-la quidem_fw-la sub_fw-la eo_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la sub_fw-la nullo_n nisi_fw-la tantum_fw-la sub_fw-la deo_fw-la parem_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la svo_fw-la quia_fw-la sic_fw-la amitteret_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la command_v cum_fw-la par_fw-fr in_fw-la parem_fw-la non_fw-la âabeâ_n imperium_fw-la item_n nâc_fw-la multò_fw-la fortius_fw-la superiorem_fw-la nec_fw-la potentiorem_fw-la habere_fw-la debeâ_n quia_fw-la sic_fw-la esset_fw-la inferior_a sibi_fw-la subjectis_fw-la &_o inferiores_fw-la pares_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la potentioribus_fw-la f._n but_o pray_v read_v what_o immediate_o follow_v ipse_fw-la autem_fw-la rex_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la sub_fw-la bomine_fw-la sed_fw-la sub_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la lâge_a quia_fw-la lex_fw-la facit_fw-la regem_fw-la attribuat_fw-la igitur_fw-la rex_fw-la legi_fw-la quod_fw-la lex_fw-la attribuit_fw-la ei_fw-la viz._n dominatiorem_fw-la &_o potestatem_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la rex_fw-la ubi_fw-la dominatur_fw-la voluntas_fw-la &_o âon_v lex_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v the_o king_n be_v subject_a or_o inferior_a to_o no_o particular_a private_a man_n yet_o that_o he_o have_v a_o superior_a or_o master_n within_o the_o kingdom_n beside_o god_n and_o the_o law_n and_o so_o be_v 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voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la teââere_fw-la praesumptum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la consilio_fw-la magistratuum_fw-la suoâan_fw-la rege_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la praesâaââe_fw-la &_o babââa_fw-la super_fw-la hoâ_n deliberatâone_fw-la so_o that_o you_o see_v in_o the_o time_n when_o this_o author_n write_v the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o more_o by_o his_o prerogative_n than_o the_o law_n allow_v he_o to_o do_v and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v his_o will_n and_o authority_n that_o give_v vigour_n to_o the_o law_n yet_o this_o only_a as_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o parliament_n and_o in_o those_o act_n which_o have_v before_o receive_v the_o consent_n of_o his_o great_a council_n here_o call_v the_o king_n magistrate_n and_o therefore_o you_o have_v do_v what_o you_o can_v to_o confound_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n declaration_n or_o writ_n explain_v and_o enforce_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n or_o else_o interpret_n former_a act_n of_o parliament_n 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thesaurarius_fw-la barones_n soaccarii_fw-la justiâiarii_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la londin_n 9_o existente_fw-la convenirent_fw-la i_o can_v give_v you_o many_o more_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o but_o two_o more_o to_o prove_v that_o this_o council_n in_o parliament_n can_v not_o be_v the_o king_n be_v ordinary_a privy_a council_n 97._o the_o first_o be_v in_o placit_fw-la parliament_n 2_o edw._n 3._o in_o a_o cause_n betwixt_o thomas_n fitz-peter_n and_o alienora_n wife_n of_o john_n de_fw-fr mowbray_n coram_fw-la rege_fw-la the_o record_n be_v long_o but_o conclude_v thus_o to_o the_o justice_n et_fw-la si_fw-la difficultas_fw-la aliqua_fw-la subfuerit_fw-la quare_fw-la praemissa_fw-la facere_fw-la non_fw-la possâtis_fw-la tunâ_n placitum_fw-la illââd_fw-la usque_fw-la in_o prox._n parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la udjornetis_fw-gr ut_fw-la ibidem_fw-la âunc_fw-la inde_fw-la fieri_fw-la valeat_fw-la quod_fw-la 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errant_a slave_n and_o vassal_n notwithstanding_o their_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o mean_a person_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o be_v tax_v as_o you_o will_v have_v it_o at_o the_o will_n of_o his_o superior_a lord_n which_o whether_o so_o great_a and_o powerful_a a_o body_n of_o man_n will_v ever_o have_v suffer_v i_o leave_v to_o any_o indifferent_a person_n to_o judge_v m._n i_o grant_v this_o may_v now_o appear_v somewhat_o hard_o yet_o since_o it_o be_v the_o receive_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v not_o then_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o grievance_n and_o it_o be_v then_o no_o more_o unjust_a than_o it_o be_v now_o that_o person_n under_o forty_o shilling_n a_o year_n though_o of_o never_o so_o good_a estate_n in_o money_n or_o stock_n or_o that_o tenant_n for_o year_n or_o for_o the_o life_n of_o another_o shall_v at_o this_o day_n have_v no_o vote_n at_o the_o election_n of_o knight_n of_o shire_n and_o consequent_o be_v without_o any_o 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the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la above_o mention_v but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n from_o which_o you_o force_v i_o to_o digress_v i_o think_v nothing_o be_v more_o plain_a than_o that_o our_o ancient_a parliament_n be_v only_o the_o king_n court_n baron_n for_o the_o dispatch_n of_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o in_o which_o as_o in_o the_o lesser_a court_n baroa_n or_o court_n of_o manor_n the_o suitor_n or_o tenant_n be_v together_o with_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o steward_n the_o sole_a judge_n so_o that_o at_o first_o after_o the_o conquest_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n alone_o as_o the_o supreme_a lord_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o appoint_v or_o call_v which_o or_o what_o sort_n of_o those_o tenant_n be_v please_v to_o attend_v he_o with_o their_o aid_n and_o advice_n at_o his_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n and_o i_o think_v nothing_o be_v more_o evident_a as_o i_o shall_v prove_v more_o at_o large_a from_o our_o 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shall_v show_v you_o your_o mistake_v about_o the_o king_n tax_v anon_o but_o the_o main_a force_n of_o your_o argument_n lie_v in_o the_o signification_n of_o those_o latin_a word_n you_o have_v last_o mention_v and_o which_o i_o must_v needs_o tell_v you_o i_o think_v you_o take_v in_o too_o strict_a a_o sense_n 108._o for_o first_o as_o to_o the_o word_n baro_n i_o grant_v it_o be_v not_o much_o in_o use_n before_o william_n i._o obtain_v the_o english_a diadem_n baro_n say_v camden_n britanni_n pro_fw-la svo_fw-la non_fw-la agnoscum_fw-la in_o anglosaxonicis_a legibus_fw-la nusquam_fw-la comparet_fw-la 121._o nec_fw-la in_o aâfrici_fw-la glossario_fw-la saxonico_n inter_fw-la dignitatum_fw-la vocabula_fw-la habetur_fw-la for_o the_o english_a saxon_n call_v those_o in_o their_o own_o language_n aealderman_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v name_v comites_fw-la and_o by_o the_o dane_n earl_n but_o it_o be_v of_o so_o extensive_a a_o import_n in_o its_o signification_n that_o we_o read_v of_o aldermani_fw-la regis_fw-la aldermani_fw-la comitatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o alderman_n so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o strict_a sense_n of_o this_o word_n we_o have_v whole_a regiment_n of_o earl_n who_o title_n seldom_o if_o at_o all_o descend_v hereditary_a till_o the_o confessor_n time_n and_o after_o william_n i._o the_o saxon_a word_n aealderman_n and_o thegnes_fw-la begin_v to_o be_v change_v and_o in_o the_o room_n of_o aldermanni_n &_o thani_n we_o find_v comites_fw-la &_o barones_n as_o in_o all_o our_o ancient_a law_n and_o history_n nor_o be_v the_o word_n barones_n only_o take_v in_o those_o day_n for_o great_a baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la but_o also_o for_o the_o inferior_a baron_n or_o free_a tenant_n which_o hold_v great_a estate_n of_o other_o mesne_n lord_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o king_n by_o certain_a service_n and_o to_o who_o the_o great_a lord_n or_o earl_n as_o sir_n h._n spelman_n show_v we_o in_o his_o glossary_n title_n baro_n often_o direct_v their_o charter_n 70._o barombus_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la tam_fw-la francis_n quam_fw-la anglis_fw-la and_o we_o there_o also_o read_v some_o quotation_n from_o the_o old_a book_n of_o ramsey_n abby_n wherein_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o church_n of_o ramsey_n as_o also_o the_o milites_fw-la and_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la thereof_o be_v particular_o mention_v all_o which_o as_o this_o learned_a author_n tell_v we_o non_fw-la de_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la sunt_fw-la intelligenda_fw-la sid_n de_fw-fr vassallis_n feodalibus_fw-la note_n scil_n melioris_fw-la and_o the_o same_o author_n say_v a_o little_a low_o that_o baron_n be_v often_o take_v pro_fw-la liberè_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la in_o genere_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o soccagio_fw-it quam_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la militare_fw-la m._n what_o then_o do_v you_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o freeholder_n in_o england_n by_o whatsoever_o tenure_n they_o hold_v appear_v 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and_o the_o other_o less_o baron_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la ever_o since_o the_o 17_o of_o king_n john_n be_v summon_v by_o one_o common_a writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n since_o which_o time_n if_o not_o some_o time_n before_o i_o grant_v these_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v not_o look_v upon_o as_o baron_n or_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n proper_o so_o call_v yet_o do_v their_o vote_n in_o parliament_n still_o conclude_v and_o charge_v their_o tenant_n in_o the_o make_n and_o impose_v of_o tax_n or_o law_n which_o they_o alone_o together_o with_o the_o bishop_n and_o great_a baron_n still_o perform_v until_o the_o time_n i_o assign_v f._n i_o see_v you_o be_v in_o a_o wood_n and_o do_v not_o know_v well_o under_o what_o class_n to_o rank_v your_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o if_o they_o be_v at_o first_o all_o lord_n or_o peer_n how_o can_v they_o serve_v upon_o jury_n in_o hundred_o or_o county_z court_n if_o they_o be_v mere_a commoner_n 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the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n barones_n 116._o i_o grant_v there_o be_v nominal_a or_o titular_a baron_n very_o many_o such_o as_o i_o have_v mention_v nay_o that_o there_o be_v several_a other_o great_a subject_n who_o have_v tenant_n that_o hold_v 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o ãâã_d nay_o more_o knight_n fee_n under_o they_o and_o who_o have_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o baron_n but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o purpose_n i_o desire_v you_o will_v prove_v to_o i_o by_o any_o direct_a proof_n that_o these_o sort_n of_o man_n have_v any_o voice_n either_o by_o themselves_o or_o their_o representative_n in_o our_o great_a council_n till_o after_o the_o time_n we_o allow_v they_o and_o this_o beside_o the_o proof_n i_o have_v already_o bring_v i_o think_v be_v sufficient_a since_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o barones_n regni_fw-la or_o terra_n and_o the_o milites_fw-la and_o homines_fw-la svi_fw-la be_v all_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n that_o be_v they_o be_v the_o king_n be_v great_a baron_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o alone_o constitute_v the_o baronage_n or_o university_n of_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n or_o of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o our_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n and_o for_o the_o far_a proof_n of_o this_o i_o need_v go_v no_o far_o than_o those_o very_a argument_n your_o own_o author_n 111._o mr._n p._n have_v make_v use_n of_o in_o his_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o assert_v wherein_o he_o will_v prove_v from_o certain_a letter_n that_o be_v send_v from_o the_o baronage_n or_o university_n of_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n to_o the_o pope_n against_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n exaction_n here_o in_o england_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o bring_v only_a fragment_n phrase_n or_o single_a word_n out_o of_o the_o record_n or_o history_n which_o seem_v to_o countenance_v my_o opinion_n contrary_a to_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o those_o record_n and_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o historian_n as_o some_o of_o your_o man_n do_v but_o shall_v give_v you_o the_o quotation_n out_o of_o those_o author_n whole_a and_o entire_a and_o shall_v make_v such_o reasonable_a deduction_n from_o they_o as_o i_o think_v you_o will_v have_v no_o reason_n to_o deny_v to_o be_v fair_o raise_v from_o the_o word_n themselves_o and_o also_o as_o matt._n paris_n relate_v in_o the_o 29_o hen._n iii_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o pope_n 658._o then_o at_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o pope_n exaction_n which_o letter_n be_v say_v by_o this_o author_n to_o be_v direct_v a_o magnatibus_fw-la &_o universitate_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o though_o it_o be_v also_o true_a that_o in_o the_o same_o year_n there_o be_v other_o letter_n send_v thither_o from_o the_o same_o party_n to_o the_o cardinal_n there_o assemble_v which_o be_v recite_v by_o the_o old_a manuscript_n to_o have_v send_v messenger_n to_o the_o cardinal_n and_o the_o old_a manuscript_n in_o the_o cottonian_a library_n that_o they_o send_v to_o the_o cardinal_n assemble_v at_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n â_z a_o baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o universis_fw-la baronagii_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la per_fw-la procuratores_fw-la ãâã_d rogeram_fw-la bigod_n comitem_fw-la norff._n willielmum_fw-la de_fw-la cantelupo_n johannem_fw-la silium_fw-la galfriâââ_n radulphum_fw-la filium_fw-la nicholas_n philippum_fw-la basset_n barones_n procuratores_fw-la baronagii_fw-la angâââ_n tunc_fw-la temporis_fw-la innocentio_n papa_n quarto_fw-la celebrante_fw-la concilium_fw-la ibi_fw-la generale_fw-mi anno_fw-la gratia_n 1245._o and_o the_o letter_n be_v thus_o direct_v venerabilibus_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la fratribus_fw-la uniââsis_fw-la &_o singulis_n dei_fw-la gratia_n salutem_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la &_o universitas_fw-la baronagii_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o that_o matt._n of_o westminster_n do_v likewise_o agree_v in_o this_o relation_n only_o style_v the_o person_n last_o name_v milites_fw-la who_o matt._n paris_n call_v viri_fw-la nobiles_fw-la &_o discreti_fw-la but_o this_o will_v make_v no_o difference_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o and_o to_o these_o matt._n of_o westminster_n add_v mr._n william_n powic_n clark_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v their_o secretary_n but_o notwithstanding_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o all_o these_o person_n so_o send_v name_v barones_n &_o milites_fw-la &_o universitas_fw-la baronagii_fw-la 103.104_o do_v not_o represent_v the_o commons_o of_o england_n at_o all_o but_o only_o the_o great_a earl_n baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o first_o it_o appear_v from_o sir_n w._n dugdale_n baronage_n of_o england_n they_o that_o every_o one_o of_o the_o person_n here_o name_v be_v either_o a_o earl_n baron_n or_o great_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o nââ_n common_a person_n as_o your_o author_n will_v have_v they_o and_o though_o it_o true_a the_o cottonian_a manuscript_n
answer_v it_o i_o confess_v it_o appear_v very_o specious_a at_o first_o sight_n but_o what_o if_o i_o show_v you_o that_o this_o letter_n be_v write_v by_o the_o lord_n only_o from_o lincoln_n after_o the_o commons_o have_v be_v dismiss_v from_o thence_o by_o prorogation_n or_o adjournment_n for_o though_o it_o be_v common_o story_v but_o erroneous_o that_o this_o whole_a parliament_n 153._o or_o at_o least_o the_o temporal_a lord_n and_o the_o commons_o write_v to_o the_o pope_n concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n and_o superiority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n over_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v so_o for_o this_o parliament_n meet_v on_o the_o octave_n of_o hillary_n or_o the_o 20_o of_o january_n and_o sit_v but_o eight_o day_n the_o writ_n for_o the_o commons_o expense_n bear_v date_n january_n the_o 30_o of_o the_o same_o year_n writ_n and_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n sign_v by_o the_o temporal_a lord_n for_o themselves_o and_o the_o whole_a 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very_o good_a authority_n to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a against_o such_o clear_a evidence_n as_o this_o but_o this_o record_n go_v on_o and_o far_o recite_v that_o these_o letter_n be_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la communitatis_fw-la praedictae_fw-la and_o in_o which_o clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la set_v forth_o the_o say_a grievance_n to_o the_o full_a now_o as_o the_o word_n clerus_fw-la here_o express_v all_o sort_n of_o degree_n of_o clergy_n as_o well_o superior_a as_o inferior_a represent_v in_o parliament_n and_o convocation_n so_o much_o populus_fw-la here_o signify_v the_o laity_n of_o both_o order_n as_o well_o the_o commons_o as_o lord_n since_o the_o commons_o be_v certain_o present_a at_o this_o parliament_n and_o why_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la shall_v not_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n long_o before_o i_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n for_o it_o but_o the_o dr.'s_n bear_v assertion_n and_o as_o for_o what_o you_o say_v that_o the_o commons_o can_v be_v no_o party_n to_o this_o letter_n because_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o writ_n of_o expense_n that_o they_o be_v discharge_v before_o this_o letter_n be_v write_v admit_v it_o be_v so_o it_o make_v nothing_o against_o my_o assertion_n for_o why_o can_v not_o the_o commons_o agree_v upon_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o letter_n and_o leave_v the_o lord_n to_o draw_v it_o up_o and_o subscribe_v it_o for_o they_o after_o they_o be_v go_v home_o and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o appear_v by_o the_o letter_n if_o self_n which_o recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v cause_v the_o pope_n letter_n in_o medio_fw-la or_o pleno_fw-la parliamento_fw-la exhiberi_fw-la ac_fw-la scriose_fw-la nobis_fw-la fecit_fw-la exponi_fw-la unde_fw-la habito_fw-la tractatu_fw-la &_o deliberationâ_n diligenti_fw-la super_fw-la cââtentis_fw-la in_o literis_fw-la vestris_fw-la memoratis_fw-la communis_fw-la concor_fw-la &_o unanimus_fw-la omnium_fw-la &_o singulârâm_fw-la consensus_fw-la suit_n etc._n etc._n now_o every_o one_o know_v that_o understand_v any_o thing_n of_o parliamentary_a affair_n that_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v say_v in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o other_o record_n to_o have_v be_v agree_v upon_o in_o full_a parliament_n that_o be_v always_o understand_v to_o have_v be_v do_v all_o the_o estate_n be_v there_o present_a nor_o can_v i_o see_v any_o reason_n why_o this_o letter_n shall_v not_o be_v call_v the_o letter_n of_o the_o commons_o as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o lord_n since_o the_o very_a statute_n of_o that_o age_n be_v often_o say_v to_o have_v be_v assent_v to_o by_o the_o commons_o though_o it_o be_v clear_a they_o be_v not_o draw_v up_o into_o form_n till_o after_o the_o parliament_n be_v dismiss_v but_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v certain_o party_n to_o this_o letter_n appear_v by_o a_o record_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o edw._n iii_o time_n print_v by_o mr._n pryn_n keeper_n of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n and_o which_o he_o tell_v we_o he_o find_v among_o the_o roll_n in_o the_o white-town_n which_o record_n contain_v the_o head_n of_o a_o defence_n compile_v by_o the_o king_n council_n in_o order_n to_o a_o strong_a defence_n against_o the_o pope_n take_v cognizance_n in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n concern_v the_o king_n of_o england_n superiority_n over_o scotland_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o 2d_o of_o which_o record_n 895._o there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a article_n relate_v to_o this_o very_a letter_n now_o before_o we_o in_o these_o word_n item_n ad_fw-la finem_fw-la quod_fw-la nobiles_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o procuratores_fw-la crâmunitatis_fw-la subditorum_fw-la regni_fw-la praedicti_fw-la admittantur_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la domiâââ_n regem_fw-la ad_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la defensiones_fw-la propenend_n prout_fw-la corum_fw-la antecessores_fw-la ab_fw-la avo_fw-la dicti_fw-la domâââ_n regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la ârant_fw-la admissi_fw-la now_o to_o what_o transaction_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edw._n i._n this_o king_n grandfather_n can_v this_o passage_n
refer_v but_o to_o this_o very_a letter_n which_o be_v assent_v as_o well_o per_fw-la procuratores_fw-la communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o by_o your_o baron_n here_o call_v nobiles_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o this_o application_n thereof_o be_v give_v by_o mr_n pryn_n himself_o when_o he_o make_v use_v of_o these_o record_n but_o to_o let_v you_o see_v far_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o for_o all_o this_o author_n opinion_n to_o the_o contrary_a 119._o may_v join_v in_o a_o letter_n ro_o the_o pope_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o that_o which_o be_v write_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o 17_o the_o of_o edw._n iii_o about_o the_o provision_n of_o benefice_n which_o then_o grow_v so_o exorbitant_a that_o walsingham_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o history_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la regni_fw-la pati_fw-la noluit_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o phrase_n the_o letter_n itself_o will_v best_o explain_v 161._o the_o beginning_n and_o conclusion_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o in_o english_a as_o you_o may_v find_v it_o in_o mr._n fox_n book_n of_o martyr_n to_o the_o most_o holy_a father_n in_o god_n lord_n clement_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o rome_n 501._o and_o of_o the_o universal_a church_n chief_a and_o high-bishop_n his_o humble_a and_o devout_a child_n the_o prince_n duke_n earls_z baron_n knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o all_o the_o communality_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n assemble_v at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n the_o 15_o the_o day_n of_o may_n last_o pass_v etc._n etc._n in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v hereunto_o set_v our_o ãâã_d give_v in_o the_o full_a parliament_n at_o westminst_n on_o the_o 18_o day_n of_o may_n anno_fw-la drâ_n 1343._o and_o it_o still_o appear_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o this_o year_n viz._n 17_o edw._n iii_o n._n 59_o that_o the_o commons_o petition_v the_o king_n that_o the_o lord_n may_v stay_v at_o the_o parliament_n till_o they_o have_v perfect_v and_o seal_v this_o letter_n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o letter_n then_o write_v by_o the_o parliament_n 3._o appear_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n to_o the_o pope_n about_o the_o same_o matter_n still_o among_o the_o tower_n record_n in_o which_o he_o imitate_v his_o grandfather_n edw._n i._n and_o great_a grandfather_n hen._n iii_o who_o also_o seâ_n letter_n to_o the_o pope_n on_o such_o like_a occasion_n but_o in_o those_o to_o excuse_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n from_o be_v the_o author_n of_o those_o complain_v he_o have_v this_o passage_n that_o since_o it_o be_v the_o judgement_n tam_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o nobilium_fw-la quaâ_n communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o ultimo_fw-la parliamento_fw-la contra_fw-la provisorum_fw-la exercitum_fw-la to_o conclude_v i_o think_v nothing_o be_v plain_a than_o that_o under_o the_o universitas_fw-la regââ_n in_o the_o first_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n 29_o hen._n iii_o and_o under_o the_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la mention_v in_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o 29_o edw._n i._o be_v mean_v the_o same_o estate_n or_o order_n of_o man_n as_o be_v more_o particular_o recite_v in_o this_o present_a letter_n viz._n the_o ãâã_d lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n assemble_v m._n i_o must_v free_o tell_v you_o i_o be_o not_o yet_o satisfy_v with_o the_o sense_n you_o now_o put_v âpon_o these_o word_n universitas_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la before_o the_o commons_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n for_o you_o yourself_o must_v grant_v that_o as_o the_o word_n universitas_fw-la regni_fw-la take_v in_o the_o whole_a representative_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o likewise_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o same_o whole_a body_n or_o community_n thereof_o therefore_o if_o i_o prove_v to_o you_o that_o in_o those_o time_n this_o universâây_n or_o community_n consist_v only_o of_o the_o earl_n baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la that_o word_n communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la ought_v never_o to_o be_v interpret_v by_o the_o english_a word_n commonalty_n or_o commons_o of_o england_n till_o after_o the_o time_n that_o i_o allow_v the_o commons_o be_v admit_v to_o make_v a_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n nor_o always_o then_o neither_o and_o mr._n p._n in_o his_o book_n which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o cite_v have_v do_v very_o unfair_o to_o make_v the_o universitas_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la to_o comprehend_v the_o commons_o of_o england_n before_o they_o everappear_v in_o parliament_n at_o all_o and_o so_o have_v he_o likewise_o abuse_v the_o word_n populus_fw-la as_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v to_o signify_v the_o commons_o when_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o more_o thereby_o mean_v than_o the_o whole_a assembly_n of_o the_o laity_n which_o at_o that_o time_n consist_v of_o no_o more_o than_o the_o earl_n baron_n or_o other_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la 28._o and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o by_o communitas_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la or_o baronum_n be_v often_o understand_v the_o body_n of_o the_o prelate_n or_o great_a baron_n only_o call_v by_o way_n of_o eminency_n proceres_fw-la &_o magnates_fw-la yet_o most_o frequent_o these_o with_o all_o the_o other_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la do_v make_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o king_n be_v immediate_a tenant_n in_o military_a service_n and_o be_v altogether_o call_v the_o baronage_n of_o england_n the_o community_n of_o the_o land_n or_o community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o this_o i_o think_v i_o shall_v give_v you_o undeniable_a proof_n by_o and_o by_o f._n i_o be_o very_a well_o aware_a that_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la often_o signify_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o laity_n yet_o not_o exclude_v the_o commons_o as_o i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o prove_v for_o then_o the_o word_n must_v signify_v quite_o contrary_a to_o its_o genuine_a signification_n instead_o of_o people_n the_o great_a nobility_n only_o yet_o that_o when_o it_o be_v put_v after_o as_o distinct_a from_o magnate_n it_o must_v mean_v the_o commons_o as_o now_o understand_v i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o but_o that_o this_o word_n populus_fw-la do_v not_o always_o signify_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o nobility_n only_o 55._o but_o take_v in_o oftentimes_o the_o commons_o too_o pray_v see_v matt._n west_n who_o tell_v we_o king_n edw._n i._o in_o the_o 34th_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n pro_fw-la hac_fw-la melitia_fw-la silii_fw-la regis_fw-la concessus_fw-la est_fw-la regi_fw-la zomus_fw-la denarius_fw-la a_o populo_fw-la &_o clero_fw-la mercatores_fw-la vero_fw-la vicesâmum_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la upon_o which_o your_o dr._n in_o his_o glossary_a very_a well_o remark_n that_o it_o be_v evident_a upon_o record_n who_o be_v the_o populus_fw-la mean_v by_o the_o historian_n viz._n the_o comites_fw-la barones_n &_o alii_fw-la magnates_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la milites_fw-la comitatuum_fw-la so_o that_o unless_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n be_v lord_n it_o be_v plain_a populus_fw-la take_v in_o the_o commonâ_n too_o but_o universitas_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la call_v in_o french_a le_fw-fr communâ_n dangletterre_fw-fr be_v often_o take_v for_o the_o whole_a community_n or_o body_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n and_o this_o sir_n edward_n coke_n own_v express_o in_o his_o 2d_o instit._n upon_o these_o word_n in_o articulis_fw-la supââ_n chartas_n 539._o thus_o here_o le_fw-fr commune_fw-la be_v take_v for_o people_n so_o astout_a le_fw-fr commune_fw-la be_v here_o take_v for_o all_o the_o people_n and_o this_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n for_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v not_o grant_v to_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n but_o general_o to_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o realm_n viz._n to_o those_o of_o thâ_n clergy_n and_o to_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o to_o the_o commons_o also_o and_o this_o be_v a_o rational_a as_o well_o as_o grammatical_a interpretation_n for_o as_o the_o word_n universitas_fw-la be_v derive_v from_o the_o adjective_n universus_fw-la which_o signify_v the_o whole_a ãâã_d universal_a so_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la be_v derive_v from_o the_o adjective_n ãâã_d common_a or_o general_n so_o that_o these_o two_o word_n when_o use_v simple_o in_o a_o political_a ãâã_d legal_a sense_n aught_o to_o take_v in_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o all_o sort_n and_o condition_n of_o freemen_n appear_v themselves_o or_o their_o lawful_a proxy_n or_o representative_n in_o parliament_n but_o i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o under_o those_o general_n word_n use_v in_o our_o historian_n and_o record_n viz._n principes_fw-la proceres_fw-la nobiles_fw-la magnates_fw-la barones_n &_o alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la be_v then_o comprehend_v either_o all_o the_o considerable_a freeholder_n oâ_n lord_n of_o manner_n or_o else_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n so_o
confer_v any_o new_a right_n or_o privilege_n upon_o freeholder_n of_o 40_o s._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o give_v their_o voice_n at_o such_o election_n as_o you_o suppose_v but_o only_o take_v away_o the_o right_n which_o the_o small_a freeholder_n of_o under_o 40_o s_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la whether_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o not_o have_v before_o and_o restrain_v it_o only_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v land_n or_o tenement_n to_o the_o vaââ_n of_o 40_o s._n by_o year_n above_o all_o charge_n and_o it_o be_v yet_o a_o much_o great_a mistake_n to_o suppose_v as_o your_o dr._n do_v that_o this_o statute_n of_o 8_o the_o hen._n vi_o be_v at_o all_o alter_v by_o that_o of_o the_o 10_o the_o of_o this_o king_n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o explanation_n of_o it_o viz._n that_o by_o 40_o s._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v mean_v 40_o s._n freehold_n and_o that_o of_o land_n lie_v within_o the_o county_n where_o the_o election_n shall_v be_v make_v so_o that_o nothing_o can_v prove_v more_o express_o that_o all_o freeholder_n as_o well_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o by_o any_o other_o tenure_n be_v all_o alike_o capable_a of_o election_n and_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n long_o before_o those_o statute_n and_o consequent_o be_v all_o alike_a freeholder_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n but_o if_o you_o have_v nothing_o at_o present_a to_o object_v against_o what_o i_o have_v now_o say_v pray_v pursue_v the_o method_n you_o have_v undertake_v and_o let_v i_o see_v those_o convince_a proof_n you_o so_o much_o rely_v upon_o and_o which_o you_o hope_v may_v also_o serve_v to_o convert_v i_o m._n before_o i_o undertake_v this_o task_n pray_v permit_v i_o to_o give_v you_o my_o opinion_n in_o answer_n to_o the_o difficulty_n you_o have_v now_o propose_v which_o i_o confess_v seem_v to_o carry_v some_o weight_n with_o it_o but_o those_o prejudices_fw-la will_v soon_o vanish_v when_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o first_o time_n this_o alteration_n be_v practise_v it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o king_n name_n though_o by_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o simon_n mountfort_n in_o the_o 49th_o hen_n iii_o and_o after_o a_o discontinuance_n of_o above_o twenty_o year_n be_v again_o renew_v by_o edw._n i._n at_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o i_o hope_v i_o shall_v show_v you_o before_o we_o have_v finish_v our_o conversation_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v first_o do_v by_o the_o king_n be_v absolute_a power_n and_o after_o with_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o lord_n there_o need_v no_o statute_n to_o introduce_v it_o any_o more_o than_o there_o be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n to_o give_v the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n that_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n place_n in_o parliament_n among_o the_o temporal_a lord_n and_o to_o bring_v their_o land_n which_o be_v hold_v before_o in_o franc_n almoigne_z under_o the_o yoke_n of_o military_a service_n but_o to_o proceed_v in_o the_o design_n i_o have_v undertake_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o i_o show_v you_o first_o of_o all_o who_o be_v those_o freeman_n or_o freeholder_n proper_o so_o call_v upon_o who_o the_o whole_a burden_n of_o the_o subordinate_a government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n chief_o rely_v and_o who_o then_o constitute_v the_o legal_a university_n or_o community_n thereof_o immediate_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o during_o many_o king_n reign_n after_o that_o time_n i_o suppose_v you_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n have_v out_v all_o the_o english_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o their_o estate_n give_v they_o away_o to_o his_o french_a and_o norman_a follower_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n in_o capite_fw-la either_o by_o knight_n service_n or_o petit_fw-fr serjeanty_n reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o ancient_a demesne_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o add_v more_o thereunto_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o royal_a dignity_n and_o for_o this_o i_o need_v refer_v you_o to_o no_o better_a author_n than_o doomsday_n book_n itself_o and_o then_o after_o he_o have_v thus_o distribute_v the_o land_n of_o england_n as_o aforesaid_a he_o compose_v a_o body_n of_o law_n still_o extant_a and_o which_o be_v in_o great_a part_n addition_n to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o king_n edward_n and_o his_o predecessor_n i_o shall_v give_v you_o three_o or_o four_o of_o these_o new_a law_n 254._o and_o then_o i_o shall_v leave_v you_o to_o judge_v who_o be_v the_o true_a freeman_n or_o freeholder_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n they_o the_o first_o be_v the_o 52_o d_o law_n of_o this_o king_n tit._n de_fw-fr fide_fw-la &_o obsequio_fw-la ergo_fw-la regem_fw-la statuâmus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la faedere_fw-la &_o sacramento_n affirmarent_fw-la quod_fw-la intra_fw-la &_o extra_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la quod_fw-la olim_fw-la vocabâo_fw-la regnum_fw-la britanny_n wilâielmo_n regi_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la fideles_fw-la esse_fw-la volunt_fw-la târas_n &_o honour_n illius_fw-la omni_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la seruare_fw-la cum_fw-la eo_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la inimicos_fw-la &_o alienigenar_a difendere_fw-la now_o who_o these_o freeman_n be_v that_o be_v thus_o to_o maintain_v the_o king_n in_o his_o land_n and_o honour_n we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o 55th_o law_n follow_v tit._n de_n clienteleri_fw-la seu_fw-la feudorum_fw-la jure_fw-la &_o ingenuòrum_fw-la immunitate_fw-la volumus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ac_fw-la firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la monarchiae_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o ââ_o mean_v terras_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o póssessiones_fw-la sââs_fw-la benè_fw-la &_o in_o pace_n libere_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n injusto_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la tallagio_n it_o a_o quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n exigatur_fw-la vel_fw-la capiatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la servitium_fw-la suum_fw-la liberum_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la jùre_fw-la nobis_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la &_o facere_fw-la tenentur_fw-la &_o prout_fw-la statutum_n est_fw-la in_o &_o allis_fw-la a_o nobis_fw-la datum_n &_o concessum_fw-la jure_fw-la hereditario_fw-la imperpetuum_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la votius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la whereby_o you_o may_v see_v that_o all_o the_o freeman_n here_o mention_v who_o be_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n and_o possession_n in_o peace_n and_o free_a from_o all_o unjâ_n exaction_n and_o taillage_n be_v only_o such_o who_o be_v to_o perform_v free_a service_n i._n e._n knight_n service_n which_o be_v before_o appoint_v and_o grant_v they_o in_o hereditary_a right_n by_o the_o king_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o that_o none_o be_v proper_o freeman_n or_o exempt_v from_o tax_n or_o talliage_n 17._o but_o such_o as_o hold_v by_o military_a tenure_n though_o not_o knight_v and_o pray_v also_o by_o the_o way_n take_v notice_n that_o by_o this_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la you_o be_v not_o to_o understand_v a_o council_n of_o english_a man_n or_o of_o english_a and_o french_a together_o but_o one_o whole_o make_v up_o of_o frenchman_n or_o norman_n who_o as_o well_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n as_o temporal_a earl_n and_o baron_n hold_v almost_o all_o the_o land_n in_o the_o kingdom_n by_o knight_n service_n which_o be_v also_o far_o make_v out_o by_o the_o 58_o the_o law_n tit._n de_n clientum_fw-la seu_fw-la vassallorem_fw-la prastationibus_fw-la statuimus_fw-la etiam_fw-la &_o firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o berme_n &_o milites_fw-la &_o servientes_fw-la &_o universi_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la prââââtihabeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la se_fw-la semper_fw-la benè_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la &_o in_o equis_fw-la ut_fw-la decet_fw-la &_o oportet_fw-la &_o qud_fw-la sint_fw-la semper_fw-la prompti_fw-la &_o benè_fw-la parati_fw-la ad_fw-la servitium_fw-la suum_fw-la integrum_fw-la nobis_fw-la explendum_fw-la &_o pâââgendum_fw-la cum_fw-la semper_fw-la opus_fw-la adfuerit_fw-la secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la nobis_fw-la debent_fw-la de_fw-la feodis_fw-la &_o teneâââtis_fw-la suis_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la facere_fw-la &_o sicut_fw-la illis_fw-la statuimus_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la &_o illis_fw-la dedimus_fw-la &_o concessimus_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la hoc_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la violatum_fw-la ullo_fw-la modo_fw-la super_fw-la foris_fw-la facturam_fw-la nostram_fw-la plenam_fw-la so_o that_o here_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v to_o perform_v their_o military_a service_n ibid._n with_o horse_n and_o arm_n according_a to_o their_o fee_n and_o tenor_n therefore_o they_o be_v tenant_n in_o military_a service_n only_o which_o in_o those_o time_n be_v the_o only_a great_a freeman_n and_o that_o service_n the_o only_a free_a service_n which_o be_v mean_v in_o this_o law_n and_o âow_o different_a they_o be_v from_o our_o ordinary_a freeholder_n at_o this_o day_n for_o who_o neither_o of_o these_o law_n be_v make_v i_o dare_v leave_v it_o
be_v know_v who_o have_v a_o right_a to_o come_v to_o this_o council_n if_o these_o word_n have_v not_o be_v insert_v so_o that_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o make_v a_o plain_a distinction_n between_o these_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenent_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o when_o eadmerus_n and_o other_o ancient_a historian_n mention_v the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n afterward_o call_v the_o parliament_n than_o their_o expression_n be_v more_o general_a and_o comprehensive_a for_o proof_n of_o which_o copy_n pray_v consult_v the_o old_a english_a saxon_a annal_n continue_v down_o to_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n i._n wherein_o anno._n dom._n 1085._o be_v the_o last_o year_n of_o william_n i._o there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a passage_n which_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v you_o in_o english_a at_o christmas_n the_o king_n viz._n william_n i._o be_v at_o gloucester_n with_o his_o noble_n and_o there_o hold_v his_o curia_n or_o court_n in_o saxon_a his_o hire_a five_o day_n and_o immediate_o after_o it_o follow_v thus_o after_o this_o he_o hold_v a_o great_a council_n in_o saxon_n mycel_n getheat_n where_o he_o have_v many_o great_a discourse_n with_o the_o noble_n etc._n etc._n now_o it_o seem_v plain_a to_o i_o that_o this_o court_n here_o call_v his_o hire_v can_v not_o be_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o to_o what_o purpose_n shall_v it_o meet_v again_o so_o quick_o if_o it_o have_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o why_o be_v they_o here_o call_v by_o different_a title_n the_o one_o his_o hire_a or_o court_n and_o the_o other_o the_o mycel_n gatheaâ_n 451._o the_o great_a council_n which_o be_v also_o call_v common_a concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o sir_n henry_n spellmans_fw-mi council_n in_o this_o very_a year_n and_o to_o show_v you_o more_o plain_o the_o difference_n between_o this_o great_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o the_o lesser_a council_n of_o the_o king_n baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la pray_v see_v eadmerus_n who_o relate_v what_o be_v do_v in_o a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o easter_n 58._o immediate_o before_o the_o invasion_n of_o robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n in_o the_o 2d_o year_n of_o henry_n i._o say_v there_o meet_v tota_fw-la angliae_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la cum_fw-la populi_n numerositate_fw-la and_o then_o archbishop_n anselm_n engage_v for_o the_o king_n that_o he_o shall_v govern_v the_o kingdom_n according_a to_o the_o just_a law_n thereof_o where_o you_o see_v that_o beside_o the_o noble_a man_n and_o gentleman_n here_o call_v regni_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o commons_o here_o term_v in_o the_o barbarous_a latin_a of_o that_o age_n populi_n numerositas_fw-la but_o when_o the_o king_n hold_v his_o curia_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la alone_o the_o expression_n be_v more_o particular_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o many_o charter_n of_o our_o first_o norman_n king_n to_o several_a abbey_n of_o their_o own_o foundation_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v consilio_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la baronum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la tam_fw-la presulum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la as_o you_o will_v for_o example_n find_v it_o in_o the_o charter_n of_o hen._n i._n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o abington_n as_o it_o be_v exemplify_v in_o the_o ancient_a manuscript_n register_n of_o that_o abbey_n now_o in_o the_o cottonian_a library_n in_o which_o book_n you_o will_v find_v more_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n which_o plain_o make_v out_o this_o difference_n between_o this_o less_o council_n of_o the_o king_n baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o further_a proof_n of_o this_o pay_v see_v the_o instrument_n of_o king_n john_n resignation_n of_o his_o crown_n to_o the_o pope_n as_o you_o will_v find_v it_o at_o the_o end_n of_o dr._n b_n complete_a history_n which_o be_v recite_v to_o have_v be_v do_v communi_fw-la concilio_n baronum_fw-la noâtroâum_fw-la that_o be_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o king_n baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o be_v all_o there_o present_a in_o arm_n against_o the_o land_n of_o the_o french_a king_n then_o expect_v and_o yet_o this_o be_v never_o look_v upon_o to_o have_v be_v do_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la ragni_fw-la since_o this_o resignation_n be_v declare_v void_a by_o the_o bishop_n lord_n and_o commons_o in_o full_a parliament_n in_o the_o 40th_o of_o edward_n iii_o because_o do_v saâz_n lour_v assent_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o that_o year_n but_o when_o ever_o the_o whole_a great_a council_n or_o parliament_n be_v summon_v to_o assemble_v than_o this_o lesser_a council_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la must_v needs_o meet_v also_o as_o be_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o it_o and_o then_o the_o expression_n be_v more_o comprehensive_a as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v and_o our_o ancient_a historian_n do_v in_o my_o opinion_n by_o their_o expression_n plain_o signify_v a_o union_n of_o both_o these_o council_n to_o make_v up_o the_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o letter_n which_o the_o priory_n of_o canterbury_n write_v to_o the_o pope_n upon_o the_o election_n of_o ralph_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n in_o the_o 14_o of_o hen._n 1._o to_o the_o see_v of_o cantebury_n as_o you_o will_v find_v they_o in_o eadmerus_n lib._n 5._o fol._n 111._o and_o which_o be_v there_o say_v to_o have_v be_v make_v adunato_fw-la conventu_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la that_o be_v in_o the_o unite_a assembly_n of_o all_o england_n viz._n the_o episcopi_fw-la abbates_n &_o principes_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o itgens_fw-la populi_n multitudo_fw-la so_o likewise_o hovelen_n in_o his_o history_n fol._n 273._o anu_fw-la 1121_o be_v the_o 18_o of_o hen._n 1._o relate_v the_o king_n marriage_n with_o the_o lady_n adeliza_n daughter_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o louvain_n to_o have_v be_v celebrate_v at_o windsor_n adunato_fw-la concilio_n totius_fw-la regni_fw-la i._n e._n in_o the_o unite_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n m._n i_o be_o not_o yet_o satisfy_v with_o your_o proof_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o show_v you_o that_o this_o distinction_n of_o your_o friend_n mr._n p._n and_o mr._n a._n his_o second_o between_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o council_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la will_v prove_v but_o a_o mere_a chymra_n of_o those_o gentleman_n from_o who_o you_o have_v borrow_v it_o for_o there_o be_v indeed_o but_o one_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o those_o time_n viz._n that_o of_o the_o bishop_n earls_z baron_n and_o other_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o answer_n to_o your_o first_o authority_n from_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o another_o of_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n which_o will_v show_v the_o different_a expression_n of_o this_o great_a council_n by_o hire_a and_o mycel_v getheat_n to_o have_v be_v the_o particular_a fancy_n of_o that_o monkish_a writer_n and_o it_o be_v from_o gervas_n doââbornensis_n the_o act_v pontisicum_fw-la cantuarens_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la where_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o decem_fw-la scriptores_fw-la 1651._o this_o passage_n anno._n 4._o regis_fw-la wilhelmi_n i._n anno._n dom._n 1070._o lanfrancus_fw-la cadomensis_n ahlu_n electus_fw-la fuit_fw-la archiâpiscopus_fw-la cantuariensis_n a_o senioribus_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopit_fw-la &_o principibus_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o assumptione_n sanctae_fw-la mariae_fw-la where_o you_o may_v see_v that_o this_o confirmation_n of_o the_o archbishop_n be_v make_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v here_o call_v collective_o or_o altogether_o and_o not_o one_o part_n of_o it_o only_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o for_o the_o word_n which_o make_v up_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o this_o council_n we_o have_v sufficient_o debate_v they_o and_o therefore_o i_o need_v say_v nothing_o more_o concern_v they_o but_o though_o the_o dr._n have_v give_v we_o more_o authority_n to_o prove_v this_o 125._o yet_o i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o but_o one_o more_o from_o badmerus_fw-la it_o be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n i._o thus_o in_o subsequenti_fw-la nativitate_fw-la dom._n christi_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la regis_fw-la lundoniae_n pro_fw-la more_fw-it convenit_fw-la &_o magna_fw-la solemnitate_fw-la habita_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o instance_n be_v full_a in_o all_o point_n here_o be_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n that_o be_v the_o whole_a baronage_n or_o university_n of_o england_n for_o bracton_n tell_v we_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n consist_v of_o earldom_n and_o barony_n who_o meet_v according_a to_o custom_n at_o the_o king_n court_n and_o hence_o
communitate_fw-la regni_fw-la can_v mean_v as_o you_o will_v have_v they_o viz._n that_o the_o lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la have_v grant_v it_o for_o themselves_o and_o the_o community_n of_o their_o tenant_n by_o military_a service_n only_o who_o say_v you_o represent_v the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o then_o as_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v this_o need_v not_o to_o have_v be_v grant_v in_o parliament_n at_o all_o but_o at_o this_o rate_n no_o tenant_n of_o those_o abbey_n and_o monastery_n which_o be_v a_o great_a many_o who_o do_v not_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la will_v have_v pay_v any_o thing_n to_o this_o tax_n nor_o yet_o the_o king_n tenant_n who_o do_v not_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la but_o of_o some_o castle_n or_o honour_n nor_o last_o any_o tenant_n in_o socage_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a in_o kent_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o county_n as_o mr._n taylour_n prove_v in_o his_o history_n of_o gauâl-kând_a so_o that_o if_o your_o tenant_n 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consequent_o of_o tax_v by_o knight_n fee_n not_o only_o land_n hold_v by_o military_a but_o socage_n tenure_n also_o faciendis_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o those_o writ_n of_o the_o 24_o and_o 26_o of_o hen._n iii_o as_o they_o be_v still_o upon_o the_o close_a roll_n be_v both_o almost_o the_o same_o word_n for_o word_n which_o i_o give_v you_o at_o our_o last_o meeting_n yet_o since_o you_o may_v have_v forget_v they_o pray_v read_v they_o again_o rex_fw-la vicecomiti_a northampton_n saluâem_v praecipimus_fw-la tibi_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la ballivam_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o singulis_fw-la bonis_fw-la villis_fw-la &_o similiter_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la clamari_fw-la faâies_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la illi_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la qui_fw-la tenent_fw-la feodum_fw-la militis_fw-la integrum_fw-la vel_fw-la etiam_fw-la minus_fw-la quam_fw-la feodum_fw-la integrum_fw-la dum_fw-la tamen_fw-la de_fw-it tenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la tam_fw-la militari_fw-la quam_fw-la socagio_fw-it possint_fw-la sistentari_fw-la &_o milites_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la siâut_fw-la tenementa_fw-la sus_fw-la diligunt_fw-la citra_fw-la festum_fw-la omnium_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la anno._n regni_n nostr_n xxv_o arma_fw-la capiant_fw-la &_o se_fw-la milites_fw-la âiâri_fw-la faciant_fw-la where_o you_o may_v note_n that_o all_o man_n who_o hold_v the_o value_n of_o a_o knight_n fee_n either_o by_o military_a or_o socage_n tenure_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v make_v knight_n provide_v they_o can_v maintain_v themselves_o of_o their_o estate_n which_o can_v never_o have_v be_v have_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o reckon_a and_o tax_v estate_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o well_o by_o knight_n service_n as_o otherwise_o according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o so_o many_o knight_n fee_n that_o be_v at_o 20â_n per_fw-la an._n be_v then_o common_o use_v but_o as_o for_o your_o next_o objection_n that_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o this_o record_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la this_o prove_v no_o more_o than_o that_o which_o will_v easy_o be_v grant_v you_o that_o this_o word_n communitas_fw-la use_v in_o your_o record_n be_v there_o to_o be_v understand_v restrictive_o and_o according_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n viz._n the_o community_n of_o freeholders_n or_o land-holders_n of_o the_o who_o kingdom_n only_o since_o this_o tax_n be_v whole_o upon_o land_n the_o commons_o of_o city_n and_o burrough_n then_o call_v communitates_fw-la civitatum_fw-la &_o buâgorum_n who_o estate_n lay_v in_o money_n or_o good_n can_v not_o be_v tax_v by_o knight_n fee_n nor_o do_v i_o doubt_v but_o that_o if_o we_o have_v the_o record_n of_o that_o parliament_n of_o the_o 18_o of_o edw._n i._n now_o leave_v we_o which_o be_v lose_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o also_o contribute_v to_o this_o tax_n according_a to_o their_o estate_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o 34th_o year_n of_o this_o king_n to_o make_v the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n a_o knight_n as_o for_o your_o record_n of_o the_o 20_o of_o edw._n iii_o it_o be_v but_o the_o same_o in_o effect_n with_o this_o of_o the_o 30_o of_o edw._n i._n and_o the_o same_o answer_n will_v serve_v for_o both_o only_o i_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o whereas_o you_o have_v often_o assert_v that_o this_o word_n communitas_fw-la do_v only_o signify_v the_o community_n of_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la now_o you_o fall_v a_o peg_n low_a and_o it_o must_v at_o last_o take_v in_o the_o whole_a community_n of_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n whether_o in_o capite_fw-la or_o not_o m._n well_o then_o you_o gâant_v that_o this_o word_n communitas_fw-la do_v not_o always_o signify_v all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n as_o you_o suppose_v but_o far_o that_o it_o must_v mean_v the_o community_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o military_a service_n only_o pâay_o see_v this_o very_a record_n of_o the_o 34th_o of_o edw._n i._n which_o mr._n p._n have_v give_v we_o at_o large_a in_o his_o appendix_n 173._o which_o be_v long_o i_o shaâl_v trouble_v you_o with_o no_o more_o than_o what_o make_v to_o our_o present_a purpose_n viz._n that_o the_o king_n intend_v to_o make_v his_o son_n prince_z edward_z a_o knight_n summon_v the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o appoint_v what_o aid_n they_o will_v grant_v the_o king_n towards_o it_o and_o than_o it_o follow_v thus_o that_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o as_o also_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n being_n mer_o treat_v together_o with_o deliberation_n upon_o this_o matter_n consider_v that_o a_o aid_n be_v due_a to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n beside_o the_o burden_n that_o lie_v upon_o they_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o scotch_a war_n at_o lengh_n they_o unanimous_o domino_fw-la regni_fw-la concâssârunt_fw-la pâo_fw-la sâ_n &_o ââtâ_fw-la communitate_fw-la râgni_fw-la âricesimam_fw-la partem_fw-la omnium_fw-la bunââum_fw-la suorum_fw-la ââmporalium_fw-la mobilium_fw-la for_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n and_o towards_o his_o expense_n of_o his_o war_n in_o scotland_n aâd_v then_o the_o cives_fw-la &_o âu_n genses_fw-la civet_fw-la ââum_fw-la ac_fw-la burgorum_n âc_z caeteri_fw-la de_fw-fr dominiâs_fw-la râgis_fw-la congregati_fw-la treat_v about_o the_o premise_n and_o consider_v the_o burden_n lie_v upon_o the_o king_n not_o mention_v any_o aid_n for_o make_v his_o âon_n knight_n as_o not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knights-fee_n oâ_n service_n and_o therefore_o none_o of_o the_o community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o liable_a to_o it_o dâmino_fw-la râgâ_n un_fw-fr inimitie_n ob_fw-la cauâas_fw-la supra_fw-la dictas_fw-la concâsserunt_fw-la vic._n simâm_fw-la pariem_fw-la bono_fw-mi ãâ¦ã_z mobilium_fw-la here_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o great_a man_n with_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n consult_v together_o and_o give_v for_o themselves_o and_o the_o community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n a_o thirty_o part_n of_o their_o
will_v not_o affirm_v but_o lest_o i_o tire_v you_o as_o well_o as_o myself_o in_o dwell_v so_o long_o upon_o thing_n so_o plain_a and_o obvious_a be_v not_o they_o by_o too_o much_o industry_n render_v obscure_a i_o come_v at_o last_o to_o the_o conclusion_n of_o your_o discourse_n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o repetition_n of_o what_o you_o have_v say_v at_o first_o that_o because_o all_o the_o kingdom_n can_v not_o be_v summon_v to_o appear_v in_o parliament_n and_o that_o villain_n and_o servant_n etc._n etc._n never_o pay_v to_o this_o tax_n that_o therefore_o the_o word_n omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v literal_o a_o doughty_a discovery_n and_o therefore_o you_o have_v find_v a_o expedient_a to_o help_v this_o contradiction_n by_o your_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o thy_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o laity_n and_o by_o the_o procuratores_fw-la cleri_fw-la for_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n who_o interpretation_n be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o truth_n i_o dare_v leave_v to_o any_o indifferent_a judge_n for_o i_o must_v needs_o tell_v you_o once_o again_o i_o can_v see_v any_o manner_n of_o reason_n either_o from_o authority_n or_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o your_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la can_v be_v the_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-fr regno_fw-la in_o a_o legal_a sense_n and_o as_o such_o do_v represent_v all_o the_o freeman_n of_o estate_n in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n therefore_o if_o you_o can_v prove_v this_o it_o may_v go_v far_o to_o convince_v i_o otherwise_o not_o m._n since_o you_o will_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o those_o authority_n i_o have_v already_o produce_v to_o prove_v it_o 121._o pray_v let_v i_o discourse_v with_o you_o a_o little_a more_o particular_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o tenor_n by_o knight_n service_n i_o therefore_o suppose_v that_o the_o dr._n have_v very_o well_o prove_v by_o several_a record_n as_o also_o the_o two_o writ_n of_o 19_o hen._n iii_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o somerset_n and_o sussex_n that_o the_o king_n ancient_o by_o his_o prerogative_n and_o his_o original_a power_n and_o right_n reserve_v upon_o knight_n fee_n do_v tax_n the_o military_a tenant_n of_o his_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o their_o other_o ordinary_a free_a tenant_n and_o by_o his_o writ_n cause_v they_o to_o pay_v both_o scutage_n tax_n and_o scutage_n service_n and_o other_o reasonable_a aid_n as_o often_o as_o necessity_n require_v f._n i_o grant_v indeed_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o have_v be_v sometime_o as_o you_o say_v since_o there_o be_v no_o aver_n against_o express_a record_n but_o i_o say_v likewise_o that_o as_o for_o those_o writ_n the_o dr._n have_v give_v we_o concern_v the_o king_n order_v the_o sheriff_n to_o distrain_v the_o mesne_n tenant_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o scutage_n service_n as_o to_o marry_v their_o daughter_n or_o for_o the_o find_n of_o man_n in_o any_o warlike_a expedition_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o those_o mesne_n tenant_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v by_o the_o tenor_n of_o their_o estate_n if_o they_o have_v fail_v to_o serve_v their_o lord_n in_o person_n or_o by_o sufficient_a deputy_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n may_v legal_o grant_v they_o scutage_n upon_o such_o tenant_n and_o perhaps_o may_v also_o change_v their_o service_n in_o person_n into_o a_o pecuniary_a aid_n as_o appear_v by_o some_o of_o those_o writ_n the_o dr._n have_v give_v we_o and_o this_o not_o by_o his_o prerogative_n but_o by_o law_n so_o likewise_o though_o your_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la can_v tax_n themselves_o in_o their_o distinct_a council_n or_o else_o in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n at_o what_o rate_n they_o please_v for_o the_o knight_n fee_n they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o though_o the_o king_n may_v sometime_o undertake_v by_o this_o pretence_n to_o i_o evy_v a_o scutage_n of_o two_o mark_n on_o their_o under-tenant_n also_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o appear_v by_o either_o of_o those_o record_n you_o have_v now_o cite_v that_o they_o give_v for_o more_o than_o themselves_o alone_o the_o word_n in_o the_o writ_n be_v only_o that_o they_o have_v give_v the_o king_n esseâax_n auxilium_fw-la of_o two_o mark_n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n as_o well_o ward_n as_o other_o who_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o capite_fw-la without_o any_o mention_n of_o their_o mesne_n tenant_n so_o that_o if_o the_o sheriff_n be_v afterward_o order_v to_o distrain_v these_o mesne_n tenant_n also_o for_o two_o mark_n for_o each_o knight_n fee_n they_o hold_v of_o their_o lord_n this_o be_v strain_v a_o point_n of_o prerogative_n and_o be_v express_o against_o law_n for_o at_o this_o rate_n the_o king_n may_v by_o the_o lâke_a prerogative_n have_v tax_v all_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n great_a lord_n and_o all_o other_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la without_o their_o consent_n as_o well_o as_o their_o mesne_n tenant_n though_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n william_n i._n and_o king_n john_n which_o you_o yourself_o cite_v at_o our_o former_a meeting_n so_o that_o grant_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o have_v be_v practise_v sometime_o as_o your_o record_n make_v out_o this_o be_v no_o proof_n that_o this_o be_v a_o constant_a law_n or_o settle_a custom_n much_o less_o that_o the_o king_n have_v a_o right_a so_o to_o do_v m._n i_o do_v not_o doubt_v 180._o but_o that_o i_o can_v prove_v to_o you_o that_o what_o this_o king_n then_o do_v in_o charge_v these_o mesne_fw-la tenant_n be_v according_a to_o his_o ancient_a prerogative_n and_o what_o himself_o and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v frequent_o do_v both_o before_o and_o after_o the_o clause_n in_o king_n john_n charter_n of_o nullum_fw-la scutâgium_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ponam_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la meo_fw-la &_o â_o be_v grant_v nay_o after_o it_o be_v grant_v hen._n 3._o and_o edw._n 1._o tax_v their_o demeasn_n through_o england_n 19_o though_o not_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o their_o privy_a council_n until_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la be_v make_v in_o 34_o eâw_n 1._o and_o both_o rich._n 1._o and_o k._n john_n have_v tax_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n without_o common_a assent_n before_o the_o grant_v of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la as_o also_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o rich._n 1._o as_o you_o may_v find_v in_o hoveden_n 442._o who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n the_o passage_n be_v long_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o give_v you_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o viz._n that_o this_o king_n anno_fw-la 1198_o regno_fw-la 9_o accepit_fw-la de_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la carucata_n terrae_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la v._o solidos_fw-la de_fw-la auxilio_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o then_o go_v on_o to_o show_v we_o the_o manner_n how_o it_o be_v raise_v and_o collect_v and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o he_o use_v these_o word_n auxilium_fw-la and_o tallagium_fw-la for_o the_o same_o tax_n so_o we_o find_v in_o mat._n paris_n that_o king_n john_n take_v a_o seven_o part_n of_o all_o movable_n without_o common_a assent_n 1203.1207_o and_o another_o time_n a_o thirty_o the_o great_a man_n and_o clergy_n grumble_a at_o it_o k._n hen._n 3._o also_o tax_v all_o his_o demeasn_a in_o the_o 33_o d_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 1._o as_o appear_v by_o a_o writ_n in_o the_o close_a roll_n of_o this_o year_n whereby_o he_o also_o command_v the_o sheriff_n of_o buâks_n that_o he_o make_v philip_n basseâ_n a_o ratiânabilâ_n tallagium_fw-la de_fw-la hominibus_fw-la suis_fw-la de_fw-la eo_fw-la tenentilus_fw-la in_o mannerio_n de_fw-fr wycumb_n quod_fw-la aliquando_fw-la suis_fw-la dominicum_fw-la praedecâssorum_fw-la râgis_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o 39_o the_o year_n this_o king_n as_o the_o doctor_n show_v we_o at_o large_a by_o a_o recoâd_n in_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o remembrancer_n of_o the_o exchequer_n he_o tax_v all_o his_o demeasn_a and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o city_n of_o london_n at_o 3000_o mark_n 178._o which_o though_o with_o some_o contest_v mention_v in_o this_o record_n they_o be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o pay_v because_o it_o be_v find_v upon_o record_n that_o this_o king_n and_o his_o father_n have_v several_a time_n palliate_v or_o tax_v the_o saiâ_n city_n in_o like_a manner_n at_o the_o sum_n therein_o mention_v so_o that_o at_o last_o the_o mayor_n and_o citizen_n be_v fain_o to_o acknowledge_v themselves_o thâs_o talliable_a by_o the_o king_n so_o in_o the_o 52._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o tax_v all_o his_o demeasn_a land_n beyond_o trenâ_n by_o his_o escheator_n parl._n and_o this_o right_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o all_o the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n in_o the_o 33_o d_o year_n of_o edw._n i._n as_o appâaâs_n by_o their_o petition_n to_o he_o in_o parliament_n in_o these_o word_n all_o pâtiâionem_fw-la arcâiepiscoporum_fw-la episporum_fw-la
praelatorum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la &_o aliorum_fw-la proborum_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la pâtentium_fw-la quod_fw-la rex_fw-la concedere_fw-la veli_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsi_fw-la pâssunt_fw-la taââiâre_fw-la antiqua_fw-la dominica_fw-la unde_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o tenantia_fw-la âicut_fw-la râx_fw-la dominica_n sua_fw-la taliavit_fw-la itâ_n responsum_o est_fw-fr fiat_fw-la ut_fw-la petitur_fw-la from_o all_o which_o you_o may_v plain_o see_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ancient_o a_o prerogative_n of_o lay_v tax_n not_o only_o upon_o their_o own_o tenant_n and_o their_o mesne_n tenant_n who_o hold_v under_o they_o but_o upon_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n too_o and_o it_o their_o successor_n have_v act_v otherwise_o it_o have_v proceed_v from_o their_o meet_a grace_n and_o favour_n who_o have_v tie_v up_o their_o own_o hand_n from_o exercise_v this_o prerogative_n f._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v muster_v up_o a_o great_a many_o authority_n but_o for_o what_o end_n i_o know_v not_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o some_o former_a king_n stretch_v their_o prerogative_n to_o act_v direct_o against_o law_n and_o their_o own_o charter_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o to_o justify_v they_o in_o it_o when_o they_o have_v doâe_n as_o if_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v according_a to_o their_o lawful_a prerogative_n because_o they_o do_v it_o if_o this_o be_v law_n or_o reason_n either_o much_o good_a may_v do_v you_o with_o it_o for_o at_o this_o rate_n the_o king_n notwithstanding_o all_o law_n make_v and_o swear_v by_o he_o to_o the_o contrary_n may_v take_v what_o he_o please_v out_o of_o our_o estate_n without_o our_o consent_n because_o his_o predecessor_n break_v the_o law_n and_o their_o coronation_n oath_n into_o the_o bargain_n but_o you_o may_v have_v remember_v that_o a_o de_fw-fr fâcto_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o non_fw-la datur_fw-la consequentia_fw-la but_o i_o doubt_v the_o precedent_n you_o have_v now_o bring_v will_v not_o come_v up_o to_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o assertion_n you_o have_v lay_v down_o for_o it_o be_v plain_a as_o well_o from_o king_n john_n charter_n as_o by_o that_o passage_n in_o bracton_n i_o but_o now_o cite_v whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o extraordinary_a tax_n such_o as_o hidage_n corage_n and_o carvage_a &_o alia_fw-la under_o which_o i_o suppose_v be_v include_v your_o scutage-tax_n also_o can_v not_o be_v impose_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n when_o the_o king_n meet_v his_o people_n in_o parliament_n if_o then_o this_o be_v law_n whatever_o k._n john_n oâ_n henry_n the_o three_o or_o any_o other_o king_n act_v contrary_a to_o this_o rule_n be_v illegal_a and_o produce_v among_o other_o mischief_n the_o general_a revolt_n of_o all_o the_o baronage_n i._n e._n as_o well_o the_o inferior_a as_o superior_a nobility_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n till_o such_o time_n as_o our_o king_n find_v they_o can_v do_v no_o good_a by_o force_n be_v fain_o at_o last_o to_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o legal_a prerogative_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o by_o new_a law_n and_o fresh_a declaration_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n to_o declare_v it_o unlawful_a for_o they_o to_o impose_v any_o tax_n upon_o their_o subject_n without_o their_o consent_n in_o parliament_n but_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o that_o by_o thus_o set_v up_o the_o king_n illegal_a prerogative_n of_o tax_v the_o mesne_n tenant_n of_o their_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la you_o quit_v the_o question_n for_o i_o ask_v you_o by_o what_o right_a the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o you_o suppose_v can_v grant_v by_o this_o great_a charter_n a_o fifteen_o of_o the_o movable_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o well_o of_o those_o who_o do_v not_o hold_v of_o they_o by_o military_a service_n as_o of_o those_o that_o do_v nay_o of_o those_o who_o never_o hold_v of_o they_o at_o all_o and_o you_o then_o fly_v present_o to_o i_o know_v not_o what_o unknown_a royal_a prerogative_n of_o tax_v the_o mesne_n tenant_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la at_o pleasure_n which_o be_v either_o according_a to_o law_n or_o it_o be_v not_o if_o the_o former_a i_o have_v already_o prove_v he_o can_v not_o do_v it_o by_o law_n at_o all_o but_o if_o against_o law_n there_o be_v the_o like_a reason_n why_o he_o shall_v have_v have_v the_o like_a prerogative_n over_o his_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la too_o even_o over_o the_o very_a bishop_n abbot_n and_o temporal_a lord_n and_o then_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v not_o be_v long_o since_o destroy_v and_o give_v up_o but_o to_o examine_v your_o authority_n it_o be_v true_a hoveden_n say_v of_o richard_n the_o first_o that_o accepit_fw-la de_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hida_n terrae_fw-la v._o solidos_fw-la yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o he_o take_v this_o tax_n without_o consent_n of_o his_o great_a council_n it_o be_v the_o ordinary_a phrase_n of_o writer_n in_o those_o time_n to_o say_v rex_fw-la accepit_fw-la i._n e._n receive_v such_o a_o tax_n when_o indeed_o he_o take_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v give_v he_o by_o his_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o though_o we_o find_v this_o tax_n not_o mention_v in_o any_o other_o writer_n but_o only_o hoveden_n and_o so_o can_v give_v you_o a_o express_a proof_n that_o this_o tax_n be_v grant_v in_o a_o great_a council_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o likely_a nay_o certain_a it_o be_v for_o the_o word_n accepit_fw-la do_v not_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n import_v any_o violent_a or_o illegal_a exaction_n and_o therefore_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n it_o be_v great_a reason_n to_o suppose_v that_o this_o aid_n be_v grant_v by_o consent_n since_o this_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o in_o the_o relation_n of_o this_o affair_n that_o this_o money_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o two_o lawful_a knight_n of_o each_o hundred_o and_o that_o they_o do_v answer_v this_o money_n to_o the_o exchequer_n coram_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la assignatis_fw-la who_o will_v never_o have_v undertake_v it_o have_v not_o this_o tax_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o that_o this_o king_n can_v not_o tax_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n at_o his_o pleasure_n may_v appear_v by_o a_o relation_n out_o of_o this_o very_a author_n in_o the_o very_a same_o year_n b._n but_o a_o little_a before_o viz._n that_o when_o the_o king_n demand_v by_o hubert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n that_o homines_fw-la angliae_fw-la the_o man_n of_o england_n shall_v find_v he_o 300_o milites_fw-la i._n e._n knight_n to_o stay_v one_o whole_a year_n in_o his_o service_n or_o else_o will_v give_v he_o so_o much_o money_n as_o that_o he_o may_v therewith_o maintain_v those_o 300_o knight_n in_o constant_a pay_n viz._n to_o every_o knight_n three_o shilling_n of_o english_a money_n wage_n a_o day_n and_o that_o to_o grant_v this_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v willing_a as_o not_o dare_v to_o resist_v the_o king_n will_n only_a hugh_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n as_o a_o true_a servant_n of_o god_n abstain_v from_o all_o evil_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n agree_v to_o the_o king_n desire_n because_o it_o will_v redound_v to_o the_o detriment_n of_o his_o church_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o it_o seem_v the_o business_n fall_v and_o come_v to_o nothing_o now_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o this_o request_n must_v have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o at_o least_o in_o that_o of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o if_o he_o can_v not_o charge_v his_o subject_n with_o the_o keep_n but_o of_o 300_o horseman_n for_o one_o year_n without_o their_o assent_n can_v any_o body_n believe_v that_o he_o shall_v present_o after_o extort_v a_o much_o great_a sum_n viz._n five_o shilling_n out_o of_o every_o plow-land_n in_o england_n but_o as_o for_o all_o your_o precedant_n for_o king_n john_n reign_n he_o be_v such_o a_o notorious_a tyrant_n and_o breaker_n of_o his_o coronation_n oath_n and_o common_a faith_n both_o to_o god_n and_o man_n that_o i_o hope_v that_o neither_o yourself_o nor_o any_o good_a english_a man_n will_v have_v fetch_v precedent_n for_o prerogative_n from_o so_o prosâigate_v a_o reign_n as_o he_o and_o in_o which_o i_o grant_v there_o be_v more_o than_o once_o illegal_a exaction_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o yet_o be_v brand_v by_o those_o very_a historian_n that_o relate_v they_o for_o great_a oppression_n and_o unjust_a exaction_n oxford_n as_o particular_o in_o this_o first_o instance_n of_o out_o of_o mat._n paris_n of_o k._n john_n take_v away_o by_o force_n the_o seven_o of_o the_o movable_a good_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n which_o be_v by_o this_o author_n call_v by_o no_o better_a than_o rapinam_fw-la rapine_n or_o robbery_n the_o same_o i_o may_v say_v
to_o the_o like_a exaction_n of_o his_o son_n hân_o the_o three_o which_o be_v brand_v by_o all_o writer_n as_o horrible_a and_o illegal_a oppression_n nay_o be_v own_a to_o be_v so_o by_o this_o king_n frequent_a confirmation_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o breach_n of_o they_o and_o promise_v to_o observe_v they_o better_o for_o the_o future_a but_o i_o be_o sorry_a to_o find_v your_o doctor_n who_o you_o follow_v both_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n and_o mr._n a._n as_o also_o in_o his_o complete_a history_n still_o to_o cite_v the_o most_o violent_a and_o illegal_a action_n nay_o the_o very_a perjury_n for_o âlowers_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o royal_a prerogative_n but_o as_o for_o the_o authority_n you_o urge_v for_o this_o king_n talliate_v his_o demesne_n without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n you_o yourself_o grant_v that_o this_o talliage_n be_v not_o general_a upon_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o if_o so_o can_v only_o concern_v his_o own_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesn_a and_o none_o else_o who_o be_v always_o exempt_v from_o be_v tax_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n because_o they_o be_v liable_a to_o yield_v the_o king_n a_o reasonable_a talliage_n ratione_fw-la tenurae_fw-la whensoever_o he_o need_v it_o yet_o this_o be_v count_v rather_o a_o privilege_n than_o otherwise_o since_o they_o be_v not_o only_o free_a from_o all_o other_o burden_n and_o parliamentary_a attendance_n but_o be_v also_o tax_v much_o less_o than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o tilling_n the_o king_n land_n but_o when_o this_o reasonable_a prerogative_n grow_v to_o be_v abuse_v and_o the_o exaction_n levy_v upon_o they_o become_v intolerable_a than_o they_o will_v no_o long_o suffer_v it_o but_o get_v it_o take_v away_o by_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la after_o which_o we_o find_v the_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n frequent_o give_v their_o share_n of_o aide_n and_o subsidy_n in_o parliament_n by_o delegate_n of_o their_o own_o as_o in_o the_o record_n of_o the_o 35_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o you_o have_v now_o cite_v till_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o be_v resolve_v into_o the_o common_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o aâ_n for_o the_o city_n of_o london_n it_o be_v never_o take_v for_o part_n of_o the_o king_n demean_n and_o so_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o doom_n day_n book_n but_o as_o appear_v by_o record_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o therefore_o can_v be_v no_o otherwise_o tax_v then_o as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la that_o be_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o this_o make_v the_o londoner_n deny_v to_o be_v otherwise_o talliate_v as_o appear_v by_o this_o record_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o which_o you_o have_v now_o cite_v but_o the_o truth_n be_v they_o have_v this_o exaction_n first_o lay_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o exorbitant_a reign_n of_o king_n john_n and_o this_o be_v afterward_o trump_v again_o upon_o they_o in_o all_o the_o ill_a part_n of_o his_o son_n government_n because_o his_o father_n have_v do_v it_o before_o and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o shipmoney_n have_v pass_v unquestioned_a and_o be_v as_o often_o pay_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n charles_n the_o first_o but_o that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v urge_v as_o a_o precedent_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o charles_n the_o second_o but_o as_o for_o your_o last_o authority_n of_o the_o 33_o d._n of_o edward_n the_o first_o pray_v take_v notice_n that_o it_o be_v before_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la and_o extend_v only_o to_o such_o estate_n in_o ancient_a demesn_a as_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n either_o by_o gift_n or_o purchase_v and_o which_o for_o all_o that_o still_o keep_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o be_v talliate_v by_o the_o king_n as_o their_z under_z tenant_n be_v by_o they_o to_o enable_v the_o lord_n to_o pay_v the_o king_n talliage_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n i_o understand_v these_o word_n in_o this_o record_n unde_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o tenantia_fw-la i._n e._n of_o which_o they_o be_v in_o tenancy_n to_o the_o king_n nor_o do_v the_o record_n call_v they_o dominica_n sua_fw-la as_o it_o do_v the_o king_n demesn_n that_o follow_v so_o that_o this_o can_v not_o be_v a_o tax_n upon_o all_o under_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n as_o you_o suppose_v sinâe_v their_o estate_n be_v never_o call_v antiqua_fw-la dominica_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v after_o all_o you_o can_v show_v i_o any_o legal_a precedent_n that_o our_o king_n claim_v a_o right_n under_o colour_n of_o their_o prerogative_n of_o tax_v the_o whole_a nation_n de_fw-fr alto_n &_o ââsso_fw-la at_o their_o pleasure_n m._n i_o shall_v not_o now_o dispute_v it_o long_o with_o you_o whether_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v not_o ancient_o a_o power_n of_o tax_v the_o land_n hold_v of_o they_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o great_a council_n but_o thus_o much_o i_o think_v i_o may_v safe_o aver_v that_o when_o this_o great_a charter_n be_v make_v the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n give_v tax_n and_o make_v law_n not_o only_o for_o themselves_o but_o their_o mesne_n tenant_n and_o the_o whole_a nation_n also_o nor_o be_v this_o at_o all_o unreasonable_a that_o those_o who_o thus_o hold_v estate_n by_o mesne_n tenure_n under_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v be_v bind_v by_o the_o act_n of_o those_o of_o who_o they_o hold_v they_o 171._o since_o we_o see_v in_o scotland_n that_o at_o this_o day_n none_o sit_v there_o either_o as_o commissioner_n of_o shire_n or_o burgess_n for_o the_o royal_a burough_n but_o such_o as_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o king_n for_o ancient_o before_o the_o law_n for_o excuse_v the_o small_a baron_n and_o free_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o send_v commissioner_n of_o shire_n in_o their_o stead_n be_v introduce_v by_o a_o statuâe_n make_v in_o the_o seven_o parliament_n of_o k._n jam._n 1._o a._n dom._n 1420_o it_o consist_v all_o of_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la viz._n of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n &_o libere_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la râge_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o the_o very_a word_n in_o the_o latin_a title_n to_o divers_a of_o those_o statute_n as_o you_o may_v find_v they_o in_o slenes_n collection_n of_o scotch_a law_n now_o if_o this_o law_n do_v ancient_o and_o do_v still_o prevail_v in_o scotland_n that_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v be_v the_o sole_a representative_n of_o that_o whole_a kingdom_n i_o can_v see_v any_o reason_n why_o it_o may_v not_o have_v be_v so_o ancient_o in_o englând_n also_o especial_o since_o i_o can_v give_v you_o so_o good_a reason_n to_o back_o this_o opinion_n m._n i_o will_v answer_v your_o argument_n from_o scotland_n by_o and_o by_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o tell_v you_o why_o i_o think_v it_o can_v never_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n in_o england_n and_o that_o for_o two_o reason_n first_o because_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n and_o 2_o lie_v because_o it_o be_v against_o the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n be_v apparent_a since_o what_o reason_n be_v there_o that_o if_o a_o man_n in_o those_o time_n purchase_v a_o estate_n for_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n of_o a_o lord_n or_o any_o other_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o certain_o thousand_o do_v to_o be_v hold_v either_o by_o knight_n service_n or_o in_o socage_n that_o such_o a_o tenant_n shall_v lie_v at_o the_o mercy_n of_o his_o lord_n to_o dispose_v of_o his_o estate_n in_o tax_n and_o make_v law_n for_o he_o at_o his_o pleasure_n however_o exorbitant_a those_o tax_n be_v or_o inconvenient_a those_o law_n may_v prove_v the_o lord_n be_v no_o representative_a of_o his_o own_o choice_n 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brother_n edgar_n in_o his_o stead_n because_o not_o do_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o that_o also_o for_o slight_a and_o insufficient_a ground_n therefore_o since_o the_o time_n before_o the_o conquest_n do_v afford_v we_o no_o more_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n among_o the_o king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_a race_n to_o which_o i_o only_o confine_v myself_o since_o those_o king_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o war_n with_o the_o dane_n to_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n have_v somewhat_o else_o to_o think_v on_o than_o the_o make_n themselves_o absolute_a or_o tyrannize_a over_o their_o subject_n but_o indeed_o there_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v find_v in_o history_n a_o succession_n of_o more_o mild_a just_a and_o valiant_a prince_n than_o egbert_n the_o first_o king_n of_o all_o england_n and_o his_o descendant_n m._n pray_v sir_n tell_v i_o to_o what_o purpose_v you_o cite_v these_o instance_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n depose_v and_o cast_v off_o their_o king_n in_o the_o time_n before_o the_o conquest_n be_v it_o that_o you_o will_v justify_v that_o commonwealth_n principle_n that_o the_o parliament_n have_v the_o like_a power_n to_o depose_v the_o king_n at_o this_o day_n in_o case_n of_o any_o infringement_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o breach_n of_o the_o original_a contract_n as_o those_o of_o your_o party_n now_o term_v it_o if_o you_o do_v pray_v speak_v plain_a and_o then_o i_o shall_v know_v what_o answer_n to_o give_v you_o f._n i_o assert_v it_o as_o undeniable_a in_o matter_n of_o fact_n that_o the_o english_a saxon_n do_v often_o exercise_v that_o power_n they_o have_v reserve_v to_o themselves_o of_o elect_v and_o depose_v their_o king_n when_o they_o become_v insupportable_a for_o tyranny_n or_o misgovernment_n as_o appear_v not_o only_o in_o
the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n i_o have_v now_o instance_a in_o but_o in_o almost_o all_o the_o other_o kingdom_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n in_o which_o there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v many_o more_o instance_n of_o the_o deposition_n of_o their_o king_n thaâ_n what_o be_v in_o the_o west_n saxon_a kingdom_n &_o this_o waâ_n then_o very_o just_a and_o necessary_a since_o these_o kingdom_n be_v all_o elective_a and_o none_o of_o they_o hereditary_a and_o that_o the_o general_a meeting_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v always_o at_o set_n and_o constant_a time_n and_o do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n either_o to_o call_v or_o dissolve_v they_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o that_o this_o power_n be_v no_o unusual_a thing_n i_o appeal_v to_o all_o the_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o europe_n found_v after_o the_o same_o model_n as_o we_o and_o which_o i_o mention_v at_o our_o last_o meet_v so_o that_o nothing_o be_v 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upon_o the_o king_n will_n i_o must_v allow_v that_o the_o case_n be_v quite_o alter_v and_o that_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n have_v now_o no_o power_n to_o depose_v the_o king_n for_o any_o tyranny_n or_o misgovernment_n whatsoever_o the_o first_o parliament_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o in_o the_o act_n for_o attaint_v the_o regicide_n have_v actual_o disclaim_v all_o coercive_a power_n over_o the_o king_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n may_v still_o have_v a_o good_a and_o sufficient_a right_o leave_v they_o of_o defend_v their_o life_n religion_n and_o liberty_n against_o the_o king_n or_o those_o commission_v by_o he_o in_o case_n of_o a_o general_a and_o universal_a breach_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o original_a contract_n if_o you_o will_v call_v it_o so_o and_o not_o to_o lay_v down_o those_o defensive_a arm_n till_o their_o say_a just_a right_n and_o liberty_n be_v again_o restore_v and_o sufficient_o secure_v to_o they_o so_o that_o though_o i_o will_v not_o bring_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n as_o a_o precedent_n for_o the_o parliament_n depose_v of_o the_o king_n yet_o i_o think_v i_o may_v make_v use_n of_o it_o thus_o far_o that_o this_o nation_n have_v ever_o exercise_v this_o necessary_a right_n of_o defend_v their_o liberty_n and_o property_n when_o invade_v by_o the_o king_n or_o his_o minister_n either_o by_o colour_n of_o law_n or_o open_a force_n and_o that_o this_o have_v be_v the_o constant_a practice_n from_o almost_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n down_o to_o late_a age_n i_o think_v i_o can_v make_v out_o from_o sufficient_a authority_n both_o from_o history_n and_o record_n m._n though_o your_o doctrine_n be_v not_o so_o bad_a as_o i_o expect_v yet_o it_o be_v still_o bad_a enough_o and_o i_o never_o know_v this_o right_n of_o resistance_n carry_v home_o but_o that_o it_o always_o end_v in_o depose_v and_o murder_v of_o the_o king_n at_o the_o last_o as_o we_o have_v see_v in_o our_o own_o time_n but_o let_v the_o constant_a practice_n have_v be_v as_o it_o will_v i_o be_o sure_a such_o resistance_n have_v be_v always_o condemn_v by_o our_o ancient_n common_a law_n as_o well_o as_o modern_a statute_n as_o i_o shall_v prove_v far_o to_o you_o by_o and_o by_o and_o therefore_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o never_o so_o constant_a practice_n of_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n can_v no_o more_o justify_v the_o do_n of_o it_o than_o that_o constant_a usage_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n for_o thief_n to_o rob_v between_o london_n and_o st._n alban_n not_o that_o i_o fore-judge_n you_o or_o refuse_v to_o hear_v any_o instance_n and_o authority_n from_o history_n or_o record_n to_o make_v good_a your_o assertion_n f._n i_o thank_v you_o for_o your_o patience_n what_o therefore_o if_o i_o prove_v that_o such_o resistance_n have_v be_v not_o only_o actual_o exercise_v by_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n in_o former_a age_n but_o that_o it_o have_v be_v also_o allow_v by_o our_o king_n and_o approve_v of_o by_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n in_o those_o time_n for_o lawful_a and_o the_o actor_n in_o it_o whole_o indemnify_v and_o save_v harmless_a nay_o a_o power_n give_v they_o and_o that_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o to_o resist_v he_o and_o defend_v themselves_o in_o case_n he_o break_v his_o charter_n and_o agreement_n make_v to_o and_o with_o his_o nobility_n and_o people_n or_o else_o with_o some_o foreign_a prince_n may_v appear_v from_o this_o remarkable_a instance_n of_o king_n henry_n two_o at_o the_o end_n of_o who_o reign_n hoveden_n in_o his_o annal_n poster_n give_v we_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o peace_n make_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o this_o king_n between_o he_o and_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n where_o among_o other_o article_n you_o will_v find_v this_o for_o one_o particular_o relate_v to_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n who_o be_v also_o to_o swear_v to_o the_o peace_n in_o these_o term_n et_fw-la omnes_fw-la barones_n angliae_fw-la jurabunt_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la noluerit_fw-la have_v conditiones_n tenere_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsi_fw-la tenebunt_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la francia_fw-la &_o comite_fw-la richardo_n &_o choose_fw-la adjâvabunt_fw-la pro_fw-la posse_fw-la contra_fw-la regeâ_n angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n whence_o we_o may_v without_o doubt_n conclude_v that_o the_o resistance_n of_o subject_n in_o some_o case_n against_o their_o king_n be_v then_o allow_v of_o even_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o think_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o allegiance_n they_o bear_v he_o though_o it_o may_v suspend_v it_o for_o a_o time_n m._n i_o confess_v this_o instance_n will_v be_v of_o some_o weight_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o critical_a time_n when_o this_o peace_n be_v make_v viz._n when_o richard_n earl_n of_o ãâã_d the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n have_v rebel_v against_o his_o father_n and_o take_v part_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o have_v draw_v over_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o norman_a and_o pictavian_n and_o english_a baron_n to_o his_o party_n which_o when_o king_n henry_n perceive_v this_o very_a author_n you_o have_v quote_v here_o tell_v you_o quod_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o arcto_fw-la positus_fw-la pacem_fw-la fecit_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la philippo_n that_o be_v be_v constrain_v to_o make_v peace_n with_o he_o so_o that_o king_n henry_n be_v in_o this_o straight_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o earl_n richard_n with_o the_o baron_n of_o his_o party_n force_a king_n henry_n to_o sign_n what_o condition_n they_o please_v for_o there_o it_o no_o such_o clause_n so_o much_o as_o mention_v for_o the_o french_a baron_n but_o make_v the_o most_o of_o it_o it_o be_v but_o a_o temporary_a relaxation_n of_o allegiance_n from_o king_n henry_n to_o his_o baron_n and_o the_o king_n may_v sure_o thus_o release_v they_o if_o he_o please_v but_o it_o be_v plain_a they_o can_v not_o have_v act_v thus_o without_o this_o condition_n have_v be_v express_o infer_v f._n well_o suppose_v king_n henry_n to_o have_v be_v never_o so_o much_o constrain_v to_o the_o make_n of_o these_o condition_n and_o that_o it_o be_v his_o own_o act_n that_o render_v it_o lawful_a it_o still_o prove_v as_o much_o as_o i_o urge_v it_o for_o viz._n that_o neither_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o england_n then_o think_v this_o resistance_n absolute_o unlawful_a for_o then_o the_o king_n be_v own_o act_n can_v never_o have_v dispense_v with_o it_o but_o to_o show_v you_o far_o that_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n have_v ever_o maintain_v this_o right_n of_o resistance_n even_o with_o the_o allowance_n of_o our_o king_n themselves_o and_o for_o the_o do_v
disobey_v of_o the_o parliament_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n much_o less_o will_v i_o justify_v the_o murder_n of_o this_o king_n or_o of_o any_o other_o abovementioned_a as_o be_v no_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o that_o resistance_n i_o only_o allow_v for_o lawful_a viz._n that_o of_o the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n of_o the_o nation_n nor_o be_v edw._n the_o second_o or_o richard_n the_o second_o put_v to_o death_n by_o any_o act_n or_o order_n of_o parliament_n but_o be_v murder_v in_o prison_n and_o the_o murderer_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o be_v afterward_o attaint_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o execute_v as_o they_o deserve_v but_o as_o for_o the_o murder_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v into_o this_o account_n it_o be_v not_o do_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n but_o by_o a_o factious_a rump_n or_o fag-end_a of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o who_o fate_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o army_n after_o far_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o member_n who_o be_v for_o the_o king_n be_v shut_v out_o of_o door_n and_o the_o lord_n vote_v useless_a and_o dangerous_a m._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v make_v as_o good_a a_o apology_n for_o these_o action_n as_o the_o matter_n will_v bear_v but_o that_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o house_n can_v at_o this_o day_n have_v any_o coercive_a power_n over_o the_o king_n or_o to_o call_v he_o to_o a_o account_n for_o any_o thing_n he_o have_v do_v appear_v by_o the_o express_a declaration_n of_o both_o house_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 12_o of_o charles_n the_o second_o as_o also_o in_o those_o but_o now_o cite_v in_o which_o they_o utter_o disclaim_v all_o make_v war_n whether_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a against_o his_o majesty_n much_o less_o can_v he_o be_v subject_a to_o any_o other_o coercive_a or_o vindictive_a power_n or_o ought_v any_o way_n to_o be_v resist_v by_o private_a person_n therefore_o suppose_v i_o shall_v grant_v as_o i_o do_v not_o that_o the_o parliament_n have_v former_o a_o power_n of_o depose_v of_o their_o king_n or_o that_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n have_v former_o a_o right_a of_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n in_o case_n of_o notorious_a tyranny_n and_o misgovernment_n yet_o be_v all_o such_o resistance_n express_o renounce_v and_o declare_v unlawful_a by_o the_o oath_n and_o declaration_n now_o cite_v so_o that_o though_o in_o the_o dark_a time_n of_o popery_n such_o resistance_n may_v be_v count_v lawful_a not_o only_o by_o laity_n but_o also_o by_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v teach_v the_o people_n better_a doctrine_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o have_v be_v much_o better_a for_o the_o nation_n to_o have_v endure_v the_o worst_a that_o can_v have_v happen_v from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o king_n than_o to_o have_v transgress_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o the_o constant_a doctrine_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n by_o resistance_n and_o rebellion_n against_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o nation_n f._n i_o shall_v not_o now_o maintain_v that_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n have_v any_o authority_n at_o this_o day_n to_o depose_v the_o king_n or_o maintain_v a_o war_n against_o he_o upon_o any_o account_n yet_o that_o they_o have_v still_o a_o power_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o king_n action_n whether_o consonant_n to_o law_n or_o not_o and_o whether_o he_o have_v not_o break_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v no_o where_o give_v up_o as_o i_o know_v of_o but_o that_o resistance_n in_o some_o case_n be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n before_o these_o statute_n you_o do_v partly_o grant_v but_o since_o the_o main_a strength_n of_o your_o cause_n lie_v in_o this_o oath_n appoint_v by_o these_o act_n of_o parliament_n therefore_o if_o i_o can_v give_v a_o satisfactory_a account_n of_o the_o true_a meaning_n and_o sense_n of_o these_o act_n to_o be_v otherwise_o than_o you_o suppose_v i_o hope_v you_o will_v grant_v that_o resistance_n may_v still_o be_v lawful_o make_v by_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o case_n i_o have_v now_o put_v against_o any_o person_n who_o under_o colour_n and_o pretence_n of_o the_o king_n commission_n shall_v violent_o assault_v their_o person_n in_o the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n as_o it_o be_v by_o law_n establish_v or_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o invadeâ_n their_o just_a liberty_n and_o property_n which_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n have_v confer_v upon_o every_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o it_o and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o clear_a proof_n of_o this_o i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o this_o method_n i_o shall_v first_o explain_v the_o term_n of_o this_o declaration_n and_o then_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v you_o that_o in_o a_o legal_a sense_n all_o defensive_a arm_n or_o resistance_n of_o the_o king_n person_n in_o some_o case_n or_o of_o those_o commissioned_n by_o he_o be_v not_o forbid_v nor_o intend_v to_o be_v forbid_v by_o these_o statute_n and_o declaration_n first_o then_o by_o take_v arm_n against_o the_o king_n be_v certain_o mean_v no_o more_o than_o make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o which_o declare_v make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n to_o be_v treason_n and_o this_o be_v unlawful_a upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o second_o the_o clause_n by_o his_o authority_n against_o his_o person_n be_v only_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o king_n be_v legal_a authority_n and_o by_o his_o person_n be_v mean_v his_o natural_a and_o politic_a person_n when_o act_v together_o for_o the_o same_o end_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o so_o that_o both_o these_o statute_n be_v but_o declaratory_a of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o england_n against_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n and_o do_v not_o introduce_v any_o new_a law_n concern_v this_o matter_n so_o that_o whatever_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o be_v treason_n by_o these_o statute_n and_o no_o more_o viz._n all_o take_n up_o arm_n or_o actual_a make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n in_o order_n to_o kill_v depose_v or_o imprison_v he_o etc._n etc._n as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n show_v we_o in_o his_o three_o institut_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o this_o statute_n yet_o notwithstanding_o after_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n of_o england_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n do_v suppose_v it_o still_o lawful_a to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o those_o illegal_o commissioned_n by_o the_o king_n in_o case_n of_o notorious_a misgovernment_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n 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the_o king_n will_v that_o right_o be_v do_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n 625._o etc._n etc._n which_o not_o satisfy_v as_o too_o doubtful_a and_o general_a the_o king_n at_o last_o give_v this_o full_a and_o clear_a answer_n in_o legal_a âorm_n soit_fw-fr droit_n fait_fw-fr commâ_n il_fw-fr est_fw-fr desirè_fw-la the_o second_o point_n in_o relation_n to_o our_o civil_a property_n be_v this_o that_o no_o tax_n taillage_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v lay_v or_o levy_v by_o the_o king_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o whole_a commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o parliament_n this_o be_v first_o of_o all_o grant_v by_o the_o 56th_o law_n of_o william_n the_o first_o which_o i_o have_v already_o cite_v as_o also_o more_o particular_o forbid_v by_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la in_o the_o 34th_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o be_v but_o a_o revival_n 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legislative_a power_n of_o parliament_n be_v the_o very_a soul_n and_o essence_n of_o the_o government_n the_o election_n of_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n to_o sit_v and_o serve_v in_o parliament_n aught_o to_o be_v free_a and_o all_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n who_o have_v place_n there_o either_o by_o patent_n or_o writ_n of_o summons_n as_o the_o lord_n or_o else_o by_o election_n or_o writ_n as_o the_o bishop_n ought_v to_o be_v present_a and_o there_o to_o have_v freedom_n of_o speech_n and_o vote_n without_o any_o guard_n to_o over-awe_n or_o terrify_v they_o and_o none_o to_o be_v force_v threaten_a bribe_v or_o tamper_v with_o to_o give_v their_o vote_n contrary_a to_o their_o conscience_n either_o by_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o minister_n this_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o stat._n of_o westm._n 1_o chap._n 5._o whereby_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v that_o all_o election_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o this_o statute_n extend_v to_o election_n of_o knight_n of_o shire_n as_o well_o as_o other_o election_n since_o i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o commons_o elect_v member_n to_o parliament_n when_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n 36._o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o parliament_n 1_o hen._n 4._o wherein_o it_o be_v allege_v as_o by_o the_o parliament_n as_o one_o of_o the_o article_n against_o richard_n the_o second_o in_o these_o word_n item_n licet_fw-la de_fw-la stato_fw-la &_o consuttudine_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la in_o convocatione_n enjuslibet_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la populus_fw-la suus_fw-la in_o singulis_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la regni_fw-la debeat_fw-la esse_fw-la libre_fw-la ad_fw-la eligendum_fw-la &_o deputandum_fw-la milites_fw-la pro_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la ad_fw-la inter_fw-la âssendum_fw-la parliamentis_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la exponendum_fw-la corum_fw-la gravamina_fw-la &_o 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onerosa_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o you_o here_o may_v see_v that_o it_o be_v then_o judge_v by_o the_o whole_a parliament_n to_o be_v a_o brench_n of_o one_o of_o the_o fundamental_a liberty_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o king_n to_o make_v false_a return_n to_o be_v make_v of_o parliament-man_n as_o also_o to_o corrupt_v or_o over-awe_n their_o vote_n either_o by_o promise_n or_o threatening_n but_o to_o conclude_v that_o we_o have_v such_o thing_n as_o fundamental_a law_n and_o privilege_n i_o shall_v go_v no_o far_o than_o king_n james_n i._o his_o speech_n confirm_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v vouchsafe_v to_o express_v many_o way_n how_o far_o it_o be_v and_o ever_o shall_v be_v from_o his_o royal_a and_o sincere_a care_n and_o affection_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n to_o alter_v or_o innovate_v the_o fundamental_a law_n privilege_n and_o good_a custom_n of_o this_o kingdom_n whereby_o not_o only_o his_o royal_a authority_n but_o the_o people_n security_n of_o land_n live_n and_o privilege_n both_o in_o general_a and_o particular_a be_v preserve_v and_o maintain_v and_o by_o the_o abolish_n or_o alteration_n of_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o present_a confusion_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o whole_a state_n and_o ârame_v of_o this_o realm_n so_o that_o if_o this_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n be_v true_a sure_o we_o may_v just_o suppose_v that_o thing_n of_o such_o vast_a concernment_n deserve_v our_o contend_v for_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a and_o lawful_a to_o preserve_v they_o for_o what_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n upon_o occasion_n once_o say_v with_o one_o voice_n in_o full_a parliament_n every_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o england_n may_v as_o well_o say_v at_o this_o day_n nolumus_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la mutari_fw-la which_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v imprint_v upon_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o true_a englishman_n who_o as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n very_o well_o observe_v take_v themselves_o to_o have_v as_o good_a title_n to_o their_o law_n 43._o as_o to_o the_o
say_v that_o the_o king_n can_v be_v judge_v or_o depose_v by_o the_o parliament_n or_o people_n and_o that_o he_o have_v without_o any_o effect_n of_o we_o absolute_o abdicate_v the_o government_n and_o depose_v himself_o but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o speak_v out_o of_o any_o prejudice_n to_o this_o king_n person_n or_o government_n i_o desire_v we_o may_v first_o debate_v it_o in_o general_n whether_o a_o king_n of_o england_n can_v ever_o fall_v from_o or_o forfeit_v his_o royal_a dignity_n let_v he_o behave_v himself_o never_o so_o like_o a_o tyrant_n and_o when_o that_o be_v dispatch_v it_o will_v be_v then_o time_n to_o consider_v whether_o the_o king_n have_v so_o behave_v himself_o or_o not_o m._n i_o like_v your_o proposal_n well_o enough_o only_o let_v i_o desire_v you_o to_o come_v again_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o can_v for_o since_o i_o hear_v there_o be_v like_a to_o be_v no_o term_n i_o intend_v to_o go_v visit_v some_o friend_n in_o the_o country_n till_o i_o see_v the_o time_n clear_v up_o a_o little_a better_o f._n i_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o wait_v on_o you_o within_o a_o night_n or_o two_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_o your_o humble_a servant_n m._n and_o i_o be_o you_o finis_fw-la bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la or_o a_o discourse_n by_o way_n of_o dialogue_n on_o these_o question_n i._o whether_o a_o king_n of_o england_n can_v ever_o fall_v from_o or_o forfeit_v his_o royal_a dignity_n for_o any_o breach_n of_o a_o original_a contract_n or_o wilful_a violation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ii_o whether_o king_n william_n common_o style_v the_o conqueror_n do_v by_o the_o conquest_n acquire_v such_o a_o absolute_a uncondition_v right_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n as_o can_v never_o be_v lawful_o resist_v or_o forfeit_v for_o any_o maladministration_n or_o tyranny_n whatever_o collect_v out_o of_o the_o most_o approve_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o 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the_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n i_o be_o come_v to_o one_o of_o the_o last_o part_n of_o my_o intend_a task_n which_o in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o last_o discourse_n of_o resistance_n be_v whither_o the_o late_a king_n james_n by_o any_o breach_n of_o the_o original_a contract_n make_v between_o his_o predecessor_n and_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n express_v by_o a_o notorious_a violation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v forfeit_v his_o crown_n and_o royal_a dignity_n and_o have_v thereby_o discharge_v the_o nation_n from_o all_o allegiance_n to_o he_o in_o the_o discuss_n of_o which_o to_o let_v the_o world_n see_v i_o do_v not_o write_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o particular_a spleen_n or_o prejudice_n to_o the_o late_a king_n person_n or_o government_n i_o have_v choose_v to_o handle_v this_o question_n in_o general_n without_o make_v any_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o he_o and_o therefore_o have_v urge_v all_o that_o i_o think_v can_v be_v speak_v 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roger_n twisden_n and_o mr._n selden_n be_v pâint_a blank_n against_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n and_o dr._n brady_n notion_n of_o king_n william_n title_n by_o conquest_n but_o also_o the_o ancient_a english_a and_o norman_a historian_n do_v extreme_o differ_v in_o their_o relation_n for_o though_o they_o both_o agree_v to_o find_v the_o best_a title_n he_o have_v on_o the_o testamentary_a donation_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o they_o also_o call_v a_o hereditary_a right_n yet_o do_v they_o very_o much_o differ_v about_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o government_n some_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o norman_a and_o english_a historian_n set_v he_o forth_o as_o a_o just_a and_o pious_a prince_n and_o other_o of_o they_o and_o especial_o mat._n paris_n make_v âim_a a_o mâer_a tyrant_n that_o observe_v neither_o oath_n nor_o law_n far_o than_o stand_v with_o hiâ_n own_o convenience_n i_o have_v not_o therefore_o omit_v to_o my_o knowledge_n any_o considerable_a 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pretence_n that_o athelstan_n be_v a_o bastard_n so_o that_o you_o may_v
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please_v better_a to_o consider_v it_o the_o case_n be_v quite_o otherwise_o for_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o when_o king_n james_n i._o go_v away_o he_o have_v then_o a_o army_n about_o he_o be_v free_a and_o in_o his_o own_o palace_n and_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o actual_a treaty_n with_o the_o prince_n nor_o have_v london_n nor_o any_o considerable_a strong_a place_n in_o england_n then_o surrender_v itself_o to_o the_o prince_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o necessity_n for_o his_o departure_n but_o what_o he_o have_v bring_v upon_o himself_o by_o his_o refuse_v to_o call_v a_o parliament_n burn_v the_o writ_n and_o send_v away_o the_o queen_n and_o child_n together_o with_o the_o main_a instrument_n of_o government_n the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n this_o must_v certain_o be_v look_v upon_o
carry_v on_o with_o great_a vigour_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o after_o divers_a change_n of_o fortune_n the_o empress_n be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o quit_v the_o kingdom_n yet_o her_o son_n duke_n henry_n do_v not_o fail_v to_o continue_v his_o claim_n to_o the_o crown_n in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n and_o come_v over_o into_o england_n renew_v the_o war_n against_o king_n stephen_n which_o be_v at_o last_o compose_v by_o a_o agreement_n between_o they_o which_o as_o matthew_n paris_z and_o mat._n westminster_n relate_v it_o 246._o be_v thus_o that_o king_n stephen_n acknowledge_v in_o a_o assembly_n of_o bishop_n and_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o duke_n henry_n have_v a_o hereditary_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o duke_n thereupon_o as_o kind_o grant_v that_o king_n stephen_n shall_v peaceable_o possess_v it_o during_o his_o life_n so_o that_o it_o be_v certain_a till_o this_o agreement_n even_o by_o his_o own_o acknowledgement_n he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o it_o and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o the_o empress_n maud_n for_o some_o reason_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o give_v a_o true_a account_n of_o never_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o title_n of_o queen_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o certain_a that_o she_o act_v as_o such_o during_o all_o the_o time_n she_o be_v in_o england_n receive_v homage_n and_o fealty_n from_o those_o lord_n and_o other_o who_o come_v over_o to_o her_o side_n and_o also_o grant_v charter_n and_o confer_v honour_n by_o the_o title_n of_o anglorum_fw-la domina_fw-la which_o show_v she_o look_v upon_o herself_o to_o be_v the_o supreme_a governess_n of_o the_o kingdom_n though_o not_o under_o the_o title_n of_o queen_n so_o that_o i_o think_v you_o can_v find_v nothing_o in_o this_o transaction_n that_o can_v support_v your_o notion_n of_o vacancy_n f._n pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o answer_v what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v before_o you_o proceed_v far_o first_o i_o can_v excuse_v neither_o king_n stephen_n 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england_n no_o not_o when_o she_o have_v take_v king_n stephen_n prisoner_n and_o one_o will_v have_v think_v may_v have_v just_o do_v it_o as_o a_o conqueress_n but_o yet_o she_o forbear_v it_o because_o that_o title_n be_v not_o then_o to_o be_v take_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o i_o can_v find_v she_o ever_o hold_v her_o party_n be_v not_o great_a enough_o to_o make_v one_o and_o though_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o she_o may_v in_o some_o particular_n exercise_v some_o prerogative_n of_o royal_a power_n yet_o this_o be_v only_o upon_o a_o pretence_n of_o her_o be_v elect_v and_o style_v by_o this_o title_n of_o lady_n of_o the_o english_a in_o a_o synod_n of_o the_o clergy_n at_o winchester_n by_o the_o procurement_n of_o henry_n the_o then_o bishop_n of_o that_o see_v and_o the_o pope_n legate_n who_o be_v now_o turn_v against_o his_o brother_n king_n stephen_n for_o she_o be_v never_o general_o receive_v nor_o own_a as_o queen_n nor_o do_v she_o ever_o exercise_v those_o great_a prerogative_n of_o sovereign_a power_n viz._n call_v of_o great_a council_n make_v of_o law_n raise_v of_o tax_n or_o coin_v mony_n but_o whereas_o you_o represent_v king_n stephen_n to_o have_v be_v elect_v but_o by_o a_o very_a small_a party_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o nobleman_n of_o england_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o much_o to_o be_v doubt_v whether_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n who_o dedicate_v his_o history_n to_o robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n king_n stephen_n great_a enemy_n be_v no_o friend_n to_o his_o title_n be_v to_o be_v altogether_o credit_v in_o this_o matter_n for_o henry_n of_o huntingdon_n who_o live_v not_o long_o after_o tell_v we_o express_o 386._o that_o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la juraverant_fw-la tam_fw-la praesules_fw-la quam_fw-la consules_a &_o principes_fw-la assensum_fw-la stephano_n praebutrunt_fw-la &_o hominium_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la and_o it_o be_v also_o as_o certain_a that_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o chester_n the_o two_o great_a man_n of_o england_n do_v then_o likewise_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o own_o his_o title_n though_o they_o afterward_o revolt_v from_o he_o again_o yet_o can_v they_o do_v nothing_o considerable_a against_o he_o till_o his_o own_o brother_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n revolt_v also_o from_o he_o upon_o pretence_n that_o the_o king_n have_v violate_v the_o right_n of_o the_o church_n and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o after_o the_o empress_n departure_n out_o of_o england_n duke_z henry_n her_o son_n come_v over_o and_o prosecute_v the_o war_n against_o king_n stephen_n yet_o can_v it_o not_o be_v in_o his_o own_o but_o his_o mother_n right_o who_o be_v then_o alive_a nor_o can_v the_o agreement_n you_o mention_v be_v make_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o duke_n as_o have_v then_o a_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n in_o his_o own_o person_n since_o we_o read_v of_o no_o concession_n the_o empress_n his_o mother_n have_v make_v to_o he_o of_o it_o and_o therefore_o whatever_o title_n henry_n can_v claim_v thereunto_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o king_n stephen_n it_o be_v whole_o due_a to_o this_o king_n adopt_v he_o for_o his_o son_n 282._o and_o declare_v he_o his_o successor_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o himself_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o crown_n during_o his_o life_n which_o agreement_n be_v solemn_o confirm_v and_o ratify_v and_o that_o by_o oath_n in_o a_o full_a assembly_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n lord_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o ordericus_n vitalis_n in_o his_o annal_n p._n 989._o be_v very_o express_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o great_a transaction_n in_o these_o word_n sic_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o praesentiarum_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o caeteri_fw-la potentes_fw-la sacramento_n âirmarent_fw-la quod_fw-la dux_n post_fw-la mortem_fw-la regis_fw-la si_fw-la tempore_fw-la eum_fw-la superviveret_fw-la pacifice_fw-la &_o araque_a contâadâctione_n regnum_fw-la haberet_fw-la therefore_o as_o long_o as_o the_o empress_n maud_n live_v who_o die_v after_o her_o son_n king_n henry_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n '_o âis_n plain_a he_o can_v have_v no_o hereditary_a right_o to_o it_o notwithstanding_o what_o matthew_n paris_n and_o matthew_n westminster_z who_o live_v long_o after_o these_o transaction_n have_v say_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o therein_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o author_n that_o speak_v their_o own_o sense_n rather_o than_o that_o of_o the_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n m._n i_o confess_v what_o you_o have_v urge_v in_o this_o matter_n concern_v duke_n henry_n be_v admit_v as_o heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o mother_n the_o empress_n maud_n seem_v to_o the_o purpose_n and_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o say_v against_o it_o but_o that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o empress_n herself_o who_o surrender_v all_o her_o pretension_n to_o her_o son_n though_o we_o have_v no_o particular_a account_n of_o it_o or_o else_o which_o be_v more_o likely_a in_o my_o opinion_n that_o the_o government_n of_o woman_n be_v then_o unknown_a in_o england_n and_o normandy_n and_o consequent_o odious_a to_o the_o english_a and_o norman_a nobility_n and_o for_o which_o reason_n chief_o they_o have_v before_o set_v this_o empress_n aside_o they_o think_v they_o do_v in_o effect_n perform_v their_o oath_n to_o she_o when_o they_o acknowledge_v her_o title_n in_o her_o son_n duke_n henry_n who_o be_v say_v by_o the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n to_o have_v succeed_v stephen_n jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la which_o can_v not_o at_o all_o agree_v with_o your_o notion_n of_o his_o receive_v his_o title_n from_o the_o consent_n or_o election_n of_o the_o great_a council_n but_o i_o shall_v pass_v over_o this_o and_o come_v to_o your_o next_o instance_n of_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n which_o you_o pretend_v
to_o have_v be_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o ii_o now_o your_o only_a argument_n to_o prove_v this_o be_v that_o king_n richard_n though_o his_o elder_a son_n alive_a be_v only_o call_v duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o never_o king_n of_o england_n till_o after_o his_o coronation_n but_o whoever_o will_v but_o consider_v the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o matter_n will_v find_v that_o he_o be_v indeed_o own_a for_o king_n of_o england_n before_o his_o pretend_a election_n or_o coronation_n for_o before_o his_o come_n into_o england_n to_o be_v crown_v rocer_n hoveden_n tell_v we_o 373._o that_o every_o freeman_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n by_o the_o command_n of_o his_o mother_n queen_n elinor_n swear_v quod_fw-la fideni_fw-la portabit_fw-la regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la richardo_n regis_fw-la hen._n filio_fw-la which_o plain_o show_v that_o he_o be_v then_o by_o common_a intendment_n look_v upon_o as_o king_n before_o his_o coronation_n and_o though_o i_o confess_v that_o 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that_o consilium_fw-la and_o assensus_fw-la which_o be_v the_o word_n of_o hoveden_n and_o the_o word_n solemnis_fw-la &_o debita_fw-la electio_fw-la ever_o signify_v a_o own_n or_o recognition_n of_o a_o hereditary_a right_n i_o confess_v the_o only_a colour_n you_o have_v for_o your_o interpretation_n of_o those_o word_n in_o hoveden_n which_o you_o have_v now_o cite_v of_o queen_n elianor_n make_v every_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n swear_v fealty_n to_o richard_n king_n of_o england_n as_o to_o their_o liege_n lord_n from_o whence_o you_o will_v infer_v that_o by_o common_a intendment_n of_o law_n he_o be_v look_v upon_o king_n of_o england_n before_o he_o be_v crown_v and_o consequent_o there_o can_v be_v no_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n now_o admit_v that_o he_o be_v common_o call_v king_n before_o he_o be_v crown_v or_o that_o the_o queen_n his_o mother_n will_v make_v the_o people_n swear_v to_o he_o as_o such_o yet_o that_o can_v not_o make_v he_o so_o since_o the_o 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prince_n and_o therefore_o i_o must_v free_o tell_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o bare_a declaration_n of_o a_o parliament_n that_o this_o or_o that_o have_v be_v always_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n when_o we_o can_v find_v from_o history_n that_o it_o have_v never_o be_v so_o hold_v for_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n at_o least_o and_o therefore_o not_o beyond_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n as_o you_o suppose_v since_o that_o must_v be_v before_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o first_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v to_o you_o at_o our_o eight_o meet_v but_o to_o answer_v your_o objection_n against_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n i_o do_v free_o grant_v that_o aâ_n often_o âs_v the_o crown_n descend_v by_o lineal_a succession_n there_o can_v be_v no_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n as_o it_o do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o there_o can_v never_o be_v any_o such_o vacancy_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o since_o certain_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o all_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o blood-royal_a may_v fail_v as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o case_n of_o scotland_n when_o john_n balliol_n and_o robert_n bruce_n contend_v for_o the_o crown_n which_o not_o be_v to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v force_v to_o refer_v it_o to_o our_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o as_o also_o happen_v in_o france_n when_o philip_n of_o valois_n and_o our_o edward_n the_o iii_o d_o both_o claim_v the_o crown_n which_o be_v decide_v by_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o france_n in_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o former_a who_o claim_v as_o heir_n of_o the_o male_a line_n against_o king_n edward_n who_o be_v descend_v by_o a_o woman_n and_o if_o king_n james_n abdication_n or_o forfeiture_n call_v it_o which_o you_o will_v be_v good_a pray_v give_v i_o a_o sufficient_a reason_n why_o the_o convention_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o 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public_o own_v he_o for_o such_o for_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o our_o as_o well_o as_o your_o law_n filiatio_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la probari_fw-la f._n how_o this_o can_v be_v perform_v without_o first_o declare_v the_o throne_n vacant_a i_o can_v apprehend_v for_o you_o yourself_o must_v grant_v that_o there_o have_v be_v great_a doubt_n and_o suspicion_n of_o the_o realty_n of_o this_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o therefore_o that_o be_v one_o great_a reason_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n come_v over_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o child_n whether_o he_o be_v real_o bear_v of_o the_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o q._n be_v first_o to_o be_v examine_v and_o determine_v before_o he_o can_v be_v declare_v k._n of_o england_n in_o the_o
but_o i_o can_v show_v you_o not_o only_o the_o unreasonableness_n but_o also_o the_o unpracticableness_n of_o this_o supposition_n first_o its_o unreasonableness_n since_o you_o be_v very_o much_o mistake_v to_o allege_v that_o the_o whole_a nation_n by_o that_o act_n of_o recognition_n to_o king_n james_n oblige_v themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n to_o he_o and_o his_o right_a heir_n it_o be_v true_a they_o there_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o make_v that_o recognition_n as_o the_o first_o fruit_n of_o their_o loyalty_n and_o faith_n to_o he_o and_o his_o royal_a progeny_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o and_o also_o when_o they_o have_v acknowledge_v he_o to_o be_v just_o and_o lawful_o next_o and_o sole_a heir_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o they_o thereunto_o submit_v and_o oblige_v themselves_o their_o heir_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o etc._n etc._n there_o be_v no_o more_o mean_v or_o express_v in_o all_o this_o than_o that_o the_o whole_a 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eliz._n to_o be_v take_v to_o the_o queen_n her_o heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n and_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n enact_v in_o the_o ivth_o of_o king_n james_n we_o be_v likewise_o oblige_v to_o swear_v that_o we_o will_v bear_v true_a allegiance_n to_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n now_o who_o these_o heir_n be_v this_o very_a act_n of_o recognition_n do_v sufficient_o declare_v viz._n the_o next_o heir_n by_o descent_n of_o blood_n for_o as_o king_n james_n be_v hereby_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v heir_n by_o inherent_a birthright_n so_o when_o they_o oblige_v themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n to_o king_n james_n and_o his_o progeny_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v by_o parity_n of_o reason_n that_o they_o oblige_v themselves_o and_o the_o nation_n for_o all_o future_a generation_n to_o he_o and_o his_o issue_n in_o that_o sense_n as_o that_o their_o allegiance_n shall_v be_v only_o due_a to_o he_o or_o she_o who_o shall_v be_v lawful_a heir_n to_o 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or_o at_o least_o to_o have_v continue_v the_o throne_n vacant_a let_v the_o difficulty_n or_o inconvenience_n that_o you_o suppose_v may_v have_v follow_v to_o be_v never_o so_o great_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o have_v fight_v out_o king_n james_n and_o the_o prince_n wherever_o they_o have_v be_v and_o to_o have_v desire_v he_o to_o have_v send_v over_o the_o prince_n together_o with_o the_o witness_n that_o go_v away_o with_o he_o and_o till_o this_o have_v be_v absolute_o refuse_v or_o else_o that_o upon_o a_o fair_a hear_n this_o prince_n have_v be_v prove_v a_o impostor_n i_o say_v till_o one_o of_o these_o have_v be_v do_v the_o throne_n ought_v still_o to_o have_v continue_v vacant_a if_o it_o be_v so_o at_o all_o nor_o till_o this_o have_v be_v clear_v can_v they_o have_v justify_v the_o place_v any_o body_n else_o upon_o the_o throne_n though_o never_o so_o near_o relate_v to_o the_o king_n who_o i_o will_v suppose_v for_o discourse_n sake_n to_o have_v real_o abdicate_v the_o kingdom_n f._n i_o will_v not_o deny_v that_o the_o legal_a and_o common_a course_n of_o succession_n ought_v to_o be_v inviolate_o observe_v according_a to_o the_o rule_v you_o have_v now_o lay_v down_o when_o ever_o it_o may_v consist_v with_o the_o public_a good_a and_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o i_o can_v believe_v that_o the_o king_n himself_o much_o less_o any_o other_o that_o only_o pretend_v as_o next_o heir_n to_o he_o can_v have_v such_o a_o absolute_a right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n as_o that_o no_o consideration_n whatsoever_o can_v make_v they_o lose_v or_o forfeit_v their_o right_n thereunto_o therefore_o i_o look_v upon_o the_o government_n of_o a_o kingdom_n not_o to_o be_v like_o that_o interest_n which_o a_o private_a
the_o prince_n of_o wales_n to_o have_v be_v either_o dead_a or_o just_o lay_v aside_o now_o make_v it_o out_o to_o i_o how_o you_o can_v justify_v the_o place_v the_o prince_n and_o princess_n of_o orange_n in_o the_o throne_n when_o the_o crown_n be_v real_o her_o right_n after_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o not_o her_o husband_n as_o also_o the_o put_v the_o government_n sole_o into_o his_o hand_n since_o this_o can_v no_o way_n agree_v with_o the_o act_n of_o recognition_n to_o king_n james_n the_o first_o which_o you_o yourself_o can_v deny_v but_o aught_o to_o be_v observe_v when_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o any_o apparent_a hazard_n or_o prejudice_n to_o the_o protestant_a religion_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o our_o government_n which_o i_o think_v may_v have_v be_v as_o well_o if_o not_o better_o secure_v by_o let_v it_o have_v go_v in_o the_o right_a line_n that_o by_o place_v the_o crown_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o though_o it_o be_v true_a 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opinion_n but_o if_o king_n james_n have_v true_o abdicate_v or_o forfeit_v the_o crown_n as_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v sufficient_o make_v out_o and_o that_o your_o suppose_a prince_n of_o wales_n either_o be_v not_o real_o or_o else_o can_v now_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v the_o true_a son_n of_o the_o queen_n by_o reason_n of_o those_o obstacle_n and_o impediment_n i_o have_v show_v you_o i_o can_v see_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o contrary_a why_o you_o shall_v not_o be_v whole_o free_a and_o discharge_v from_o your_o former_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n james_n so_o that_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n be_v now_o place_v on_o the_o throne_n your_o allegiance_n to_o king_n james_n and_o the_o suppose_a prince_n of_o wales_n be_v lawful_o determine_v pray_v tell_v i_o therefore_o
mistake_v in_o this_o great_a point_n and_o may_v have_v also_o give_v occasion_n to_o divers_a other_o of_o his_o profession_n to_o fall_v into_o the_o same_o error_n f._n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o my_o lord_n coke_n and_o other_o of_o his_o profession_n who_o maintain_v the_o same_o opinion_n may_v very_o well_o be_v defend_v as_o well_o from_o that_o statute_n as_o other_o authority_n but_o to_o pass_v by_o that_o at_o present_a i_o shall_v first_o discourse_v with_o you_o upon_o this_o point_n of_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o take_v this_o oath_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n and_o therefore_o you_o misunderstand_v i_o if_o you_o believe_v that_o i_o think_v this_o oath_n do_v require_v from_o you_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o those_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n and_o subjection_n which_o i_o myself_o be_o oblige_v to_o who_o be_o full_o satisfy_v of_o their_o title_n and_o therefore_o must_v venture_v my_o life_n and_o fortune_n in_o their_o 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to_o take_v this_o oath_n in_o this_o low_a and_o qualify_a sense_n that_o you_o will_v now_o put_v upon_o it_o since_o beside_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n themselves_o i_o be_o very_a well_o satisfy_v that_o the_o imposer_n of_o this_o oath_n do_v intend_v something_o more_o than_o a_o bare_a negative_a obedience_n to_o the_o present_a power_n since_o it_o be_v the_o only_a oath_n which_o be_v require_v from_o those_o who_o take_v employment_n either_o civil_a or_o military_a and_o from_o who_o certain_o not_o only_o a_o passive_a obedience_n or_o submission_n but_o also_o a_o active_a obedience_n and_o assistance_n be_v require_v in_o defend_v the_o crown_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o present_a king_n and_o queen_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la with_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n against_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o or_o else_o how_o can_v the_o present_a government_n ever_o trust_v they_o and_o all_o this_o can_v be_v swear_v to_o without_o a_o breach_n of_o that_o oath_n they_o have_v former_o take_v to_o king_n james_n and_o therefore_o if_o i_o shall_v take_v it_o in_o this_o sense_n as_o the_o oath_n itself_o seem_v to_o employ_v i_o shall_v be_v perjure_v beside_o by_o these_o word_n of_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a i_o shall_v look_v upon_o myself_o as_o oblige_v to_o reveal_v all_o plot_n and_o conspiracy_n which_o i_o may_v any_o way_n happen_v to_o know_v of_o against_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n which_o i_o think_v will_v be_v derogatory_n to_o my_o allegiance_n to_o his_o majesty_n since_o i_o shall_v thereby_o discover_v and_o accuse_v such_o of_o his_o good_a subject_n as_o endeavour_v to_o restore_v he_o and_o shall_v thereby_o hinder_v he_o as_o much_o as_o in_o i_o lay_v from_o be_v restore_v again_o to_o the_o throne_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o word_n allegiance_n it_o be_v yet_o more_o strict_a and_o if_o i_o shall_v perform_v it_o to_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n according_a to_o the_o true_a intent_n and_o legal_a sense_n of_o that_o word_n i_o think_v it_o can_v no_o way_n consist_v with_o that_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n i_o have_v already_o take_v since_o allegiance_n be_v thus_o explain_v in_o the_o next_o follow_v word_n of_o the_o oath_n i_o have_v already_o take_v and_o he_o and_o they_o viz._n the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n i_o will_v defend_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o my_o power_n against_o all_o conspiracy_n and_o attempt_n whatsoever_o that_o shall_v be_v make_v against_o he_o or_o their_o person_n crown_n and_o dignity_n now_o what_o kind_n of_o assistance_n be_v here_o mean_v by_o the_o word_n defend_v may_v be_v understand_v from_o all_o the_o writer_n of_o our_o feudal_a law_n 15._o who_o expound_v the_o jus_o defensorium_fw-la by_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o word_n protegere_fw-la imply_v a_o necessity_n of_o defend_v by_o arm_n as_o due_a from_o the_o supreme_a lord_n or_o sovereign_n and_o further_o that_o subject_n be_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n reciprocal_o bind_v to_o defend_v the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o their_o sovereign_n and_o these_o word_n allegiance_n and_o the_o defence_n that_o follow_v it_o may_v be_v likewise_o understand_v from_o our_o feudal_a law_n whereby_o the_o vassal_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n as_o also_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o tenure_n of_o their_o land_n to_o a_o military_a defence_n of_o their_o supreme_a lord_n the_o king_n from_o who_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n be_v hold_v and_o this_o be_v according_a to_o glanvil_n and_o all_o our_o old_a lawyer_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o military_a tenor_n be_v all_o now_o take_v away_o by_o a_o late_a statute_n yet_o be_o i_o still_o oblige_v to_o the_o like_a defence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n not_o only_o from_o the_o word_n of_o this_o oath_n but_o from_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n also_o which_o oblige_v all_o the_o subject_n that_o be_v capable_a to_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o the_o king_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v which_o my_o be_n thus_o further_o prove_v first_o from_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n 52._o and_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o both_o which_o all_o the_o people_n or_o freemen_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v to_o affirm_v upon_o their_o faith_n and_o oath_n within_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o without_o that_o they_o will_v be_v faithful_a to_o to_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n william_n and_o every_o where_o preserve_v his_o land_n and_o honour_n with_o all_o fidelity_n ibid._n and_o with_o he_o will_v defend_v they_o against_o all_o his_o enemy_n to_o this_o succeed_v that_o which_o the_o lord_n coke_n call_v legal_a ligeance_n 14._o or_o the_o common-law-oath_n of_o allegiance_n which_o he_o cite_v out_o of_o britton_n who_o write_v under_o edward_n i._o which_o all_o the_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v at_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o sheriffs-court_n and_o at_o the_o leete_n and_o without_o the_o take_n of_o which_o they_o have_v no_o warrant_n to_o abide_v in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o form_n of_o it_o be_v this_o effect_n you_o shall_v swear_v that_o from_o this_o day_n forward_o you_o shall_v be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o truth_n and_o faith_n shall_v bear_v of_o life_n and_o member_n and_o terrene_a honour_n and_o you_o shall_v neither_o know_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o ill_a or_o damage_n which_o you_o shall_v not_o defend_v that_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o your_o power_n and_o my_o lord_n coke_n also_o here_o inform_v we_o that_o five_o thing_n be_v observe_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n from_o this_o oath_n in_o the_o debate_n of_o calvin_n case_n first_o that_o for_o the_o time_n of_o its_o obligation_n it_o be_v indefinite_a and_o without_o limit_n second_o two_o excellent_a quality_n be_v require_v that_o be_v to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a three_o to_o who_o to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n four_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o say_v and_o troth_n shall_v bear_v of_o life_n and_o member_n that_o be_v until_o the_o let_v out_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o our_o dear_a heart_n blood_n five_o where_o and_o in_o what_o place_n in_o all_o place_n whatsoever_o for_o you_o shall_v neither_o know_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o ill_n which_o you_o shall_v not_o defend_v such_o be_v the_o ligeance_n which_o the_o law_n have_v prescribe_v in_o that_o ancient_a oath_n which_o be_v still_o in_o force_n it_o be_v neither_o circumscribe_v by_o time_n nor_o place_n it_o be_v unconditionate_n and_o unreserved_a it_o be_v not_o a_o lazy_a passive_a allegiance_n require_v nothing_o but_o pure_a submission_n but_o a_o active_a and_o vigorous_a loyalty_n exact_v all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o sphere_n of_o moral_a possibility_n and_o engage_v we_o to_o
please_v to_o imagine_v since_o therefore_o the_o business_n must_v be_v whole_o do_v by_o force_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n consider_v all_o those_o supposition_n you_o have_v lay_v down_o as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o french_a as_o irish_a who_o be_v the_o only_a hand_n that_o i_o see_v likely_a at_o present_a to_o do_v this_o work_n first_o as_o to_o what_o you_o say_v that_o the_o king_n will_v be_v too_o wise_a then_o to_o bring_v over_o along_o with_o he_o so_o great_a number_n of_o the_o french_a and_o irish_a nation_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o entire_a conquest_n of_o this_o kingdom_n lest_o thereby_o both_o he_o and_o his_o crown_n may_v lie_v whole_o at_o their_o mercy_n when_o the_o business_n be_v do_v you_o have_v hereby_o grant_v as_o much_o as_o i_o desire_v for_o if_o their_o majesty_n be_v never_o like_a to_o be_v without_o a_o army_n in_o england_n of_o at_o least_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n as_o long_o as_o this_o war_n last_v and_o that_o the_o militia_n of_o this_o nation_n which_o be_v almost_o total_o against_o king_n james_n interest_n and_o do_v amount_v altogether_o to_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n i_o think_v you_o yourself_o will_v grant_v that_o king_n james_n can_v attempt_v come_v over_o hither_o with_o a_o army_n of_o less_o than_o 30_o or_o 4000_o veteran_n soldier_n of_o the_o french_a and_o irish_a nation_n though_o you_o shall_v reckon_v the_o papist_n and_o other_o who_o shall_v come_v into_o his_o assistance_n at_o 20000_o more_o who_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v altogether_o able_a to_o beat_v not_o only_a king_n william_n stand_a army_n but_o the_o militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o boot_n i_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o shall_v hinder_v they_o from_o make_v as_o perfect_v a_o conquest_n of_o this_o nation_n as_o ever_o cromwell_n army_n do_v either_o of_o england_n or_o scotland_n and_o consequent_o of_o set_v up_o what_o religion_n or_o government_n they_o please_v in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v that_o which_o be_v now_o exercise_v either_o in_o church_n or_o state_n i_o think_v any_o unprejudiced_a man_n will_v easy_o grant_v i_o but_o your_o next_o supposition_n be_v altogether_o as_o precarious_a that_o it_o be_v not_o either_o the_o design_n or_o interest_n of_o the_o french_a king_n to_o make_v a_o entire_a conquest_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o nor_o yet_o to_o make_v king_n james_n a_o absolute_a monarch_n here_o one_o of_o these_o i_o must_v needs_o believe_v will_v happen_v for_o though_o perhaps_o that_o king_n may_v at_o present_a stand_n so_o much_o upon_o his_o glory_n as_o not_o seize_v the_o kingdom_n of_o a_o kinsman_n and_o a_o ally_n whole_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o benefit_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o likely_a that_o he_o will_v retain_v french_a garrison_n in_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o strong_a place_n of_o england_n not_o only_o for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o charge_n he_o will_v have_v be_v at_o to_o place_n king_n james_n in_o the_o throne_n but_o also_o as_o a_o tie_n upon_o we_o that_o we_o shall_v never_o endeavour_v to_o drive_v he_o out_o again_o let_v he_o use_v we_o as_o he_o please_v so_o that_o though_o i_o grant_v he_o may_v not_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o we_o now_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v in_o he_o or_o his_o son_n power_n to_o do_v it_o hereafter_o if_o ever_o king_n james_n his_o son_n shall_v go_v about_o to_o shake_v of_o that_o yoke_n when_o once_o the_o present_a obligation_n be_v forget_v or_o the_o near_a relation_n between_o the_o two_o king_n shall_v be_v far_o remove_v nor_o be_v what_o you_o say_v less_o precarious_a that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v for_o king_n lewis_n interest_n to_o destroy_v our_o liberty_n and_o make_v king_n james_n a_o absolute_a monarch_n because_o the_o kingdom_n will_v be_v then_o weak_a and_o more_o divided-then_a it_o be_v now_o by_o those_o jealousy_n and_o dispute_n we_o shall_v then_o maintain_v with_o the_o king_n about_o our_o civil_a right_n which_o be_v indeed_o so_o far_o true_a if_o he_o govern_v when_o he_o return_v in_o the_o same_o arbitrary_a manner_n as_o he_o do_v before_o but_o if_o he_o govern_v according_a to_o law_n which_o no_o wise_a man_n can_v expect_v there_o needs_o be_v no_o more_o division_n among_o we_o than_o be_v for_o a_o great_a while_n after_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o come_v in_o but_o that_o the_o french_a king_n shall_v fear_v if_o he_o once_o make_v the_o king_n of_o england_n a_o absolute_a monarch_n and_o put_v the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o purse_n as_o well_o as_o sword_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o his_o hand_n he_o may_v then_o become_v so_o formidable_a as_o to_o be_v a_o equal_a match_n to_o france_n itself_o and_o to_o be_v able_a to_o demand_v either_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v yet_o more_o pleasant_a since_o france_n be_v now_o in_o comparison_n with_o england_n not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o man_n but_o also_o the_o revenue_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n as_o ten_o to_o one_o and_o i_o think_v i_o may_v very_o well_o maintain_v that_o if_o england_n shall_v once_o come_v to_o be_v govern_v as_o france_n be_v it_o will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o grow_v rich_a or_o more_o powerful_a thereby_o that_o from_o the_o intestine_a grieviance_n and_o discontent_n that_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n of_o government_n will_v cause_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o condition_n by_o those_o excessive_a tax_n and_o oppression_n that_o will_v follow_v from_o such_o a_o arbitrary_a government_n the_o kingdom_n will_v quick_o diminish_v and_o decay_v as_o well_o in_o people_n as_o trade_n and_o riches_n and_o so_o consequent_o in_o power_n too_o which_o be_v but_o the_o product_n of_o both_o these_o notwithstanding_o whatsoever_o the_o fair_a appearance_n of_o a_o outward_o magnificent_a court_n and_o a_o great_a stand_a army_n may_v produce_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o that_o do_v not_o true_o consider_v or_o understand_v the_o true_a grandeur_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o happiness_n of_o the_o people_n but_o grant_v all_o this_o to_o be_v as_o you_o suppose_v pray_v tell_v i_o what_o shall_v become_v of_o our_o religion_n and_o civil_a liberty_n not_o only_a ãâã_d respect_n of_o the_o french_a king_n but_o of_o king_n james_n himself_o ãâ¦ã_z believe_v that_o either_o of_o they_o will_v cease_v to_o be_v instigate_v by_o the_o jesuit_n their_o confessor_n to_o destroy_v the_o northern_a heresy_n as_o they_o term_v our_o religion_n as_o well_o in_o england_n as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o france_n no_o the_o poor_a vaudois_n in_o savoy_n have_v be_v too_o recent_a a_o example_n that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n will_v carry_v the_o persecution_n to_o the_o same_o degree_n here_o as_o he_o do_v there_o and_o that_o king_n james_n be_v whole_o in_o his_o power_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v his_o command_n beside_o the_o constant_a solicitation_n of_o his_o confessor_n of_o the_o ãâã_d order_n and_o principle_n of_o those_o of_o the_o french_a king_n to_o which_o holy_a father_n the_o protestant_a religion_n in_o france_n and_o savoy_n do_v chief_o owe_v its_o destruction_n to_o conclude_v let_v we_o suppose_v that_o king_n james_n shall_v now_o prevail_v in_o this_o war_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o irish_a army_n now_o raise_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o tirconnel_n can_v we_o ââpect_v better_a quarter_n if_o the_o king_n prevail_v by_o their_o arm_n and_o assistance_n then_o if_o they_o be_v entire_o french_a for_o have_v once_o conquer_a this_o nation_n it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o the_o king_n power_n to_o govern_v they_o so_o easy_o as_o you_o expect_v but_o be_v inveâââte_a enemy_n to_o the_o english_a they_o will_v not_o only_o possess_v what_o estate_n they_o please_v of_o the_o english_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n in_o ireland_n but_o in_o england_n too_o which_o will_v be_v declare_v forfeit_v by_o their_o owner_n oppose_v of_o king_n james_n and_o then_o i_o will_v leave_v it_o to_o yourself_o to_o judge_n in_o what_o a_o condition_n we_o shall_v be_v in_o both_z as_o to_o our_o religion_n and_o civil_a liberty_n when_o the_o king_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v manage_v by_o man_n who_o be_v declare_v enemy_n to_o both_o neither_o will_v it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o those_o few_o moderate_a man_n either_o of_o the_o popish_a or_o protestanâ_n religion_n who_o take_v king_n iame_n part_n to_o hinder_v it_o since_o the_o other_o party_n will_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o jesuit_n and_o the_o interest_n of_o france_n run_v down_o all_o sober_a council_n and_o they_o will_v be_v but_o look_v upon_o but_o as_o trimmer_n at_o best_o that_o oppose_v
the_o only_a judge_n of_o all_o dispute_n about_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n d._n 2._o p._n 891_o to_o 892._o d._n 12._o p._n 893._o d._n 13._o p._n 917_o to_o 919_o 921._o eve_n w._n by_o be_v subject_n to_o adam_n all_o her_o posterity_n become_v so_o likewise_o d._n 1._o p._n 14._o to_o 25._o f_o father_n w._n by_o right_a of_o generation_n or_o of_o education_n lord_n over_o their_o child_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n d._n 1_o p._n 13_o 14._o w._n any_o such_o power_n be_v give_v by_o divine_a grant_n to_o adam_n and_o in_o he_o to_o all_o other_o father_n ib._n p._n 26_o 30_o to_o 36._o w._n father_n of_o family_n have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n over_o their_o child_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n ib._n 19_o to_o 26._o w._n they_o may_v sell_v their_o child_n ib._n 26._o to_o 31._o w._n they_o may_v be_v resist_v by_o their_o child_n in_o case_n of_o any_o violent_a assault_n upon_o their_o life_n ib._n p._n 41._o w._n perpetual_a master_n over_o their_o child_n as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v ib_a p._n 45._o to_o 51._o fideles_fw-la the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n before_o the_o conquest_n d._n 6._o p._n 390_o 391._o d._n 7._o p._n 448._o to_o 451._o sir_n r._n filmer_n principles_n w._n they_o do_v not_o rather_o encourage_v tyranny_n than_o fatherly_a affection_n in_o prince_n towards_o their_o subject_n d._n 2._o p._n 118._o w._n they_o do_v not_o also_o favour_v usurper_n ib._n 125._o to_o 128._o g_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n the_o main_a design_n of_o all_o government_n d._n 1._o p._n 55._o to_o 61._o civil_a government_n the_o end_n of_o its_o institution_n d._n 1._o p._n 11._o 19_o 21._o w._n there_o have_v be_v any_o necessity_n of_o it_o if_o man_n have_v never_o sin_v ib._n p._n 11._o what_o it_o be_v and_o its_o prerogative_n d._n 3._o p._n 173._o w._n it_o can_v be_v settle_v without_o liberty_n and_o property_n in_o estate_n ib._n 174._o government_n of_o family_n and_o kingdom_n its_o original_a and_o necessity_n d._n 1._o p._n 10._o to_o 12._o supreme_a governor_n in_o what_o case_n they_o cease_v to_o be_v god_n ordinance_n d._n 1._o p._n 41._o government_n among_o the_o ancient_a german_n and_o saxon_n always_o by_o common_a council_n d._n 5._o p._n 365._o to_o 369._o grands_fw-fr or_o grant_n in_o parliament_n what_o those_o word_n signify_v in_o ancient_a statute_n and_o record_n w._n the_o lord_n alone_o or_o the_o commons_o also_o d._n 6._o p._n 369._o vid._n append._n guard_n of_o the_o king_n when_o when_o first_o set_v up_o d._n 9_o p._n 639._o h_o k._n harold_n w._n william_n of_o normandy_n have_v a_o just_a cause_n of_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o d._n 10_o p._n 718._o what_o title_n he_o have_v to_o the_o crown_n ib._n p._n 720._o haereditamentum_fw-la its_o derivation_n ib._n p._n 721._o hengist_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o king_n who_o found_v the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n w._n so_o by_o election_n or_o conquest_n d._n 5._o p._n 357._o to_o 362._o king_n henry_n the_o ivth_o w._n his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v by_o right_a of_o blood_n or_o election_n of_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n d._n 12._o p._n 861._o to_o 863._o king_n henry_n the_o vi_o w._n his_o son_n be_v not_o unjust_o disinherit_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n and_o himself_o unjust_o depose_v by_o edward_n the_o ivth_o ib._n p._n 863._o to_o 867._o king_n henry_n the_o viith_o w._n he_o have_v any_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n ib._n p._n 868._o to_o 870._o king_n henry_n the_o viiith_o w._n the_o several_a alteration_n he_o make_v as_o to_o the_o the_o succession_n be_v legal_a d._n 12._o p._n 871_o 872._o homage_n w._n it_o render_v the_o prince_n or_o lord_n irresistible_a d._n 10._o p._n 727.728_o homines_fw-la liberi_fw-la its_o signification_n in_o english_a history_n d._n 6._o p._n 428._o to_o 430._o homily_n of_o our_o church_n the_o the_o chief_a passage_n therein_o against_o all_o manner_n of_o resistance_n of_o governor_n consider_v d._n 4._o p._n 287.288_o w._n it_o be_v heresy_n or_o schism_n to_o deny_v their_o authority_n in_o any_o point_n there_o lay_v down_o ib._n 289.290_o vid._n append._n mr._n hooker_n opinion_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o civil_a government_n d._n 12._o p._n 129.130_o w._n the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n or_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o england_n have_v any_o coercive_a power_n ove_fw-la the_o king_n d._n 9_o p._n 634._o w._n the_o two_o house_n have_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n renounce_v all_o right_n of_o self-defence_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o ib._n p._n 636._o to_o 658._o i_o king_n james_n the_o first_o speech_n in_o parliament_n against_o tyranny_n d._n 3._o p._n 148._o the_o act_n of_o recognition_n of_o k._n james_n hereditary_a right_n how_o far_o it_o oblige_v posterity_n d._n 12._o p._n 871_o to_o 874._o king_n james_n ii_o w._n he_o violatid_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n before_o his_o desertion_n d._n 9_o p._n 673._o to_o 685._o or_o w._n he_o have_v amend_v all_o those_o violation_n before_o his_o departure_n p._n 685._o to_o 689._o w._n his_o set_v up_o a_o stand_a army_n and_o put_v in_o popish_a officer_n and_o soldier_n be_v a_o actual_a make_v war_n upon_o the_o nation_n ib._n p._n 683.687_o w._n he_o abdicate_v the_o government_n by_o his_o breach_n of_o the_o original_a contract_n or_o else_o by_o his_o desert_v it_o d._n 11._o p._n 790._o to_o 799._o w._n he_o may_v have_v be_v again_o safe_o restore_v to_o the_o government_n upon_o reasonable_a term_n ib._n p._n 801._o to_o 807._o w._n he_o real_o intend_v to_o redress_v all_o the_o violation_n he_o have_v make_v upon_o it_o p._n 805._o to_o 807._o w._n he_o resume_v the_o government_n upon_o his_o return_n to_o london_n from_o feversham_n ib._n 802._o to_o 806._o jesus_n christ_n do_v not_o alter_v civil_a government_n neither_o by_o take_v away_o the_o prerogative_n of_o prince_n nor_o yet_o by_o abridge_n the_o civil_a liberty_n of_o subject_n d._n 4._o p._n 216._o to_o 220._o jew_n often_o rebel_v and_o sometime_o kill_v their_o king_n d._n 3._o p._n 203_o to_o 205._o their_o resistance_n of_o antiochus_n consider_v ibid._n p._n 208._o to_o the_o end_n jewish_a government_n before_o saul_n w._n aristocratical_a or_o monarchical_a d._n p._n 93._o to_o 101._o judah_n and_o thamar_n the_o history_n consider_v d._n 1._o p._n 33._o judge_n over_o israel_n their_o power_n w._n monarchical_a d._n 2._o p._n 95_o 96._o w._n some_o of_o they_o be_v not_o judge_n of_o some_o particular_a tribe_n p._n 96_o 97._o judgement_n divine_a w._n they_o may_v be_v remove_v by_o humane_a mean_n or_o force_n d._n 4._o p._n 259_o 260._o k_o king_n w._n to_o be_v repute_v father_n of_o their_o people_n as_o the_o heir_n or_o representative_n of_o those_o who_o be_v once_o so_o d._n 2._o p._n 65._o w._n they_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o god_n or_o from_o the_o people_n and_o law_n d._n 11._o p._n 773._o to_o 780._o d._n 12._o p._n 936_o to_o 938._o saxon_a king_n of_o england_n w._n absolute_a or_o limit_v prince_n d._n 5._o p._n 349._o w._n they_o be_v endue_v with_o the_o sole_a legislative_a power_n ib._n p._n 338_o to_o 345._o king_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n elect_v and_o often_o depose_v by_o the_o great_a council_n ibid._n p._n 365._o the_o same_o do_v also_o in_o other_o kingdom_n of_o the_o gothic_a model_n ib._n p._n 365._o king_n of_o england_n ever_o since_o king_n william_n i._n w._n they_o derive_v their_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n from_o conquest_n or_o some_o other_o title_n d._n 10._o p._n 713._o their_o concession_n to_o subject_n do_v no_o way_n derogate_v from_o royal_a prerogative_n d._n 10._o p._n 715.716_o king_n of_o the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n w._n many_o of_o they_o have_v not_o observe_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o their_o coronation_n oath_n d._n 12.882.888_o king_n by_o sir_n r._n filmer_n principle_n above_o all_o law_n and_o alone_o make_v they_o d._n 2._o p._n 123.124_o in_o what_o sense_n he_o be_v head_n of_o the_o politic_a body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n d._n 11._o p._n 803._o to_o 805._o w._n he_o can_v have_v ancient_o by_o his_o prerogative_n tax_v all_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la at_o his_o discretion_n d._n 7._o p._n 495._o to_o 499._o w._n he_o can_v call_v or_o omit_v to_o summon_v to_o parliament_n what_o earl_n lord_n and_o tenant_n he_o please_v ibid._n p._n 505_o to_o 511.523_o w._n he_o can_v also_o summon_v those_o knight_n of_o shire_n who_o serve_v before_o without_o any_o new_a election_n ib._n 537._o w._n he_o can_v by_o his_o prerogative_n discharge_v what_o knight_n of_o shire_n he_o please_v after_o they_o be_v choose_v ibid._n
p._n 539.540_o king_n how_o far_o god_n lieutenant_n d._n 9_o p._n 663._o w._n his_o authority_n be_v different_a from_o his_o personal_a will_n and_o command_n ib._n p._n 645._o to_o 648._o his_o person_n how_o far_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a ibid._n p._n 638.651_o to_o 657._o king_n commission_n how_o far_o and_o in_o what_o case_n resistible_a notwithstanding_o the_o declaration_n of_o of_o the_o two_o first_o parliament_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o ib._n p._n 636._o to_o 655._o w._n he_o have_v any_o authority_n to_o act_v against_o law_n ib._n p._n 644_o to_o 649._o king_n commission_n how_o far_o good_a in_o law_n ib._n p._n 640._o king_n since_o the_o conquest_n w._n endue_v with_o the_o sole_a legislative_a power_n d._n 5._o p._n 338_o to_o 345._o d._n 9_o p._n 650_o 651._o have_v no_o peer_n or_o equal_a in_o the_o kingdom_n d._n 5._o p._n 354._o his_o presence_n w._n it_o will_v authorise_v all_o illegal_a action_n so_o as_o to_o render_v they_o irresistible_a d._n 9_o p._n 653_o 654._o his_o officer_n in_o what_o case_n resistible_a ib._n the_o king_n be_v irresistible_a how_o far_o different_a from_o be_v unaccountable_a d._n 9_o p._n 644_o 645._o king_n of_o england_n w._n absolute_a and_o unaccountable_a or_o w._n limit_v by_o law_n d._n 10._o p._n 693_o to_o 698._o most_o high_a in_o their_o state-royal_a when_o they_o appear_v in_o their_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n d._n 9_o p._n 643._o the_o first_o eight_o king_n after_o the_o conquest_n never_o be_v so_o style_v till_o after_o their_o coronation_n d._n 12._o p._n 840._o to_o 858.895_o king_n though_o he_o have_v no_o peer_n yet_o he_o have_v ancient_o comites_fw-la or_o companion_n d._n 5._o p._n 364_o 365._o w._n he_o can_v at_o this_o day_n abdicate_v or_o forfeit_v his_o crown_n by_o the_o wilful_a violation_n of_o our_o fundamental_a law_n d._n 10._o p._n 694_o to_o 709._o d._n 11._o p._n 832_o 833._o kingly_a power_n the_o end_n of_o its_o institution_n in_o this_o kingdom_n d._n 5._o p._n 349._o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la or_o for_o the_o time_n be_v w._n within_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o whether_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o he_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o eleven_o of_o henry_n the_o seven_o d._n 13._o p._n 905._o to_o 940._o what_o constitute_v a_o legal_a king_n in_o england_n d._n 12._o p._n 889_o 890._o kingdom_n of_o judah_n and_o israel_n w._n when_o give_v by_o god_n appointment_n it_o give_v the_o issue_n of_o that_o king_n a_o like_a divine_a right_o to_o succeed_v d._n 2._o p._n 99_o 100_o kingdom_n patrimonial_a and_o hereditary_a their_o difference_n ib._n 84_o 85._o knight_n of_o shire_n frequent_o style_v magnate_v and_o grantz_n in_o ancient_a record_n d._n 6._o p._n 424._o vid._n append._n w._n they_o be_v ancient_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o none_o other_o p._n 425._o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n w._n the_o first_o writ_n of_o summons_n of_o they_o that_o can_v be_v find_v be_v the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o d._n 7._o p._n 519._o w._n this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o they_o be_v summon_v ibid._n p._n 525_o to_o 530._o w._n they_o be_v summon_v no_o more_o till_o the_o eighteen_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o ibid._n p._n 522._o to_o the_o end_n d._n 8._o p._n 559._o to_o 563._o p._n 571_o to_o 576._o l_o lancaster_n w._n that_o family_n pretend_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n claim_v by_o inheritance_n d._n 12._o p._n 861_o 862._o law_n how_o far_o they_o oblige_v prince_n according_a to_o sir_n r._n f_n principle_n d._n 2._o p._n 120_o 121._o law_n imperial_a of_o all_o goâvernments_n w._n they_o require_v a_o passive_a obedience_n or_o nonresistance_n in_o all_o case_n whatsoever_o d._n 3._o p._n 149.154_o law_n of_o nation_n w._n it_o differ_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n d._n 1._o p._n 26_o to_o 31._o law_n of_o english_a saxon_a council_n the_o title_n to_o most_o of_o they_o d._n 5._o p._n 314._o to_o 319._o law_n of_o normandy_n w._n the_o same_o in_o most_o thing_n with_o those_o of_o england_n d._n 10._o p._n 752.753_o law_n fundamental_a of_o the_o kingdom_n w._n there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n and_o where_o to_o be_v find_v d._n 9_o p._n 666._o to_o 669._o d._n 10._o p._n 704._o d._n 11._o p._n 810._o to_o 814._o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n concern_v the_o king_n cease_v to_o be_v so_o if_o he_o prove_v a_o tyrant_n and_o w._n it_o be_v genuine_a or_o not_o d._n 10._o p._n 705._o to_o 712._o private_a league_n with_o france_n what_o reason_n there_o be_v for_o and_o against_o its_o reality_n d._n 11._o p._n 800._o to_o 802._o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la and_o liberi_fw-la tenentes_fw-la mention_v in_o ancient_a statute_n and_o record_n who_o they_o be_v ancient_o d._n 6._o p._n 419.426_o to_o 431._o w._n they_o be_v only_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o choose_v by_o military_a service_n to_o they_o d._n 7._o p._n 449._o to_o 453.514_o m_o magna_n charta_n w._n obtain_v by_o rebellion_n d._n 3._o p._n 186._o magnates_n w._n the_o commons_o be_v not_o sometime_o comprehend_v under_o that_o title_n d._n 6._o p._n 372.396_o 397._o queen_n marry_o w._n she_o have_v any_o title_n save_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o d._n 12._o p._n 872._o our_o present_a queen_n mary_n w._n she_o have_v a_o right_a to_o succeed_v upon_o her_o father_n abdication_n ib._n p._n 853._o 884._o maud_n the_o empress_n why_o she_o never_o style_v herself_o queen_n of_o england_n notwithstanding_o fealty_n have_v be_v swear_v to_o she_o d._n 12._o p._n 846._o several_a maxim_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n consider_v and_o explain_v d._n 1._o p._n 17_o 18_o 21.30_o the_o ancient_a member_n of_o the_o german_a diet_n or_o great_a council_n d._n 6._o p._n 375._o the_o milites_fw-la mention_v in_o ancient_a statute_n and_o record_n who_o they_o be_v d._n 6._o p._n 431_o 432._o w._n they_o be_v only_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o any_o other_o tenant_n by_o military_a or_o socage_n service_n d._n 7._o p._n 481.489_o 490._o mischief_n that_o may_v befall_v a_o people_n from_o their_o resistance_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n consider_v d._n 3._o p._n 184._o to_o 189._o monarchy_n w._n of_o divine_a right_n from_o any_o precept_n or_o example_n in_o the_o old_a or_o new_a testament_n d._n 2._o p._n 130_o 131._o or_o from_o adam_n patriarchical_a power_n d._n 1._o p._n 19_o to_o 26._o monarchy_n or_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v most_o tyrannical_a d._n 2._o p._n 110.111_o mix_v monarchy_n w._n it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n d._n 5._o p._n 345._o to_o 348._o sim._n montfort_n w._n he_o first_o call_v the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n to_o parliament_n in_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o d._n 8._o p._n 596.597_o moses_n and_o joshua_n w._n monarch_n over_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n and_o successor_n to_o the_o patriarchical_a power_n d._n 2._o p._n 92._o to_o 100_o multitudo_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n the_o signification_n of_o those_o word_n in_o our_o ancient_a history_n d._n 8._o p._n 569._o to_o 571._o n_o w._n a_o whole_a nation_n may_v resist_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o some_o case_n of_o extremity_n but_o not_o particular_a person_n d._n 3._o p._n 146._o to_o 150.161_o 162._o d._n 4._o p._n 236._o to_o 239.272_o to_o 275._o negative_a voice_n w._n the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n have_v it_o not_o in_o some_o case_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n d._n 5._o p._n 341._o noah_n w._n he_o be_v sole_a proprietor_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o be_v tenant_n in_o common_a with_o his_o own_o child_n d._n 1._o p._n 74_o 75._o w._n his_o grandson_n be_v all_o alike_a prince_n over_o their_o several_a family_n ib._n p._n 75._o to_o 81._o w._n from_o noah_n seven_o precept_n may_v be_v deduce_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n d._n 1._o p._n 36_o 37._o nobilis_fw-la &_o nobilitas_fw-la the_o several_a signification_n of_o those_o title_n d._n 6._o p._n 374_o 388.410_o w._n mere_a commoner_n be_v not_o often_o comprehend_v under_o the_o title_n of_o nobiles_fw-la ib._n 396_o 397._o non_fw-la obstantes_fw-la the_o clause_n when_o first_o insert_v in_o our_o king_n charter_n d._n 11._o p._n 820._o non_fw-fr resistance_n w._n the_o doctrine_n tend_v to_o make_v prince_n better_o or_o else_o more_o tyrannical_a to_o their_o subject_n d._n 2._o p._n 116_o 117._o normandy_n w._n its_o duke_n be_v absolute_a or_o limit_v prince_n d._n 10._o p._n 727._o o_o oath_n of_o the_o king_n at_o his_o coronation_n how_o far_o oblige_v according_a to_o sir_n f_n principle_n d._n 2._o p._n 122.123_o it_o be_v ancient_a form_n according_a to_o the_o mirour_n d._n 5.364_o w._n the_o take_v the_o coronation_n oath_n render_v the_o crown_n forfeitable_a if_o it_o
it_o will_v be_v leave_v in_o her_o power_n not_o only_o to_o govern_v herself_o but_o by_o marry_v to_o choose_v a_o king_n for_o her_o subject_n who_o they_o do_v not_o approve_v of_o and_o therefore_o we_o read_v that_o in_o diverse_a of_o the_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o the_o world_n woman_n be_v exclude_v from_o the_o succession_n nor_o be_v these_o the_o only_a question_n that_o either_o may_v then_o or_o else_o have_v in_o latter_a age_n be_v start_v concern_v succession_n in_o kingdom_n 158._o and_o principality_n and_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a dispute_n between_o pretender_n to_o crown_n where_o a_o king_n die_v without_o lawful_a issue_n as_o whether_o a_o grandson_n by_o a_o young_a daughter_n shall_v inherit_v before_o a_o granddaughter_n by_o a_o elder_a daughter_n whether_o the_o elder_a son_n by_o a_o concubine_n before_o the_o young_a son_n by_o a_o wife_n from_o whence_o also_o will_v arise_v many_o question_n concern_v legitimation_n and_o what_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o wife_n and_o a_o concubine_n all_o which_o can_v no_o way_n be_v decide_v but_o by_o the_o municipal_a or_o positive_a law_n of_o those_o kingdom_n or_o principality_n it_o may_v further_o be_v inquire_v whether_o the_o elder_a son_n be_v a_o fool_n or_o madman_n shall_v inherit_v this_o paternal_a power_n before_o the_o young_a a_o wise_a man_n and_o what_o degree_n of_o âolly_n or_o madness_n it_o must_v be_v that_o shall_v exclude_v he_o and_o who_o shall_v be_v the_o judge_n of_o it_o also_o whether_o the_o son_n of_o a_o fool_n so_o exclude_v for_o his_o folly_n shall_v succeed_v before_o the_o son_n of_o his_o wise_a brother_n who_o last_o reign_v who_o shall_v have_v the_o regal_a power_n whilst_o a_o widow_n queen_n be_v with_o child_n by_o the_o decease_a king_n until_o she_o be_v bring_v to_o bed_n these_o and_o many_o more_o such_o difficulty_n may_v be_v propose_v about_o the_o title_n of_o succession_n and_o the_o right_n of_o inheritance_n to_o kingdom_n and_o that_o not_o as_o idle_a speculation_n but_o such_o as_o in_o history_n we_o shall_v frequent_o find_v example_n of_o not_o only_o in_o our_o own_o but_o likewise_o other_o kingdom_n from_o all_o which_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o if_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o nature_n have_v prescribe_v any_o set_a rule_n of_o succession_n they_o will_v have_v go_v far_a than_o one_o or_o two_o case_n as_o concern_v the_o succession_n of_o elder_a son_n or_o brother_n where_o a_o elder_a son_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o will_v also_o have_v give_v certain_a infallible_a rule_n in_o all_o other_o case_n of_o succession_n beside_o these_o and_o not_o have_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o will_n or_o particular_a law_n of_o diverse_a nation_n to_o have_v establish_v the_o succession_n so_o many_o several_a way_n as_o i_o be_o able_a to_o show_v have_v be_v practise_v in_o the_o world_n m._n i_o must_v confess_v you_o have_v take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o perplex_v the_o succession_n to_o adam_n which_o seem_v design_v for_o nothing_o else_o but_o to_o make_v i_o believe_v that_o if_o adam_n or_o any_o of_o his_o son_n be_v king_n or_o prince_n it_o must_v have_v be_v by_o the_o consent_n or_o election_n of_o their_o child_n or_o descendant_n which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v that_o those_o ancient_a prince_n derive_v their_o title_n from_o the_o judgement_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n the_o contrary_a to_o which_o be_v evident_a as_o well_o out_o of_o sacred_a as_o civil_a history_n f._n since_o you_o appeal_v to_o history_n to_o history_n you_o shall_v go_v and_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o i_o have_v not_o invent_v these_o doubt_n about_o succession_n of_o my_o own_o head_n and_o that_o there_o may_v have_v very_o well_o be_v a_o real_a dispute_n about_o the_o succession_n to_o adam_n in_o the_o case_n i_o have_v put_v may_v appear_v by_o the_o many_o dispute_n and_o quarrel_n that_o have_v be_v in_o several_a nation_n concern_v the_o right_n of_o succession_n between_o the_o uncle_n and_o the_o nephew_n of_o which_o grotius_n be_v so_o sensible_a 31._o that_o he_o confess_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o chapter_n last_o cite_v that_o where_o it_o can_v not_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o people_n judgement_n it_o be_v fain_o to_o be_v so_o by_o civil_a war_n as_o well_o as_o private_a combat_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v force_v ingenuous_o to_o confess_v that_o this_o have_v be_v practise_v divers_a way_n according_a to_o the_o different_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o nation_n and_o he_o give_v we_o here_o a_o distinction_n between_o a_o direct_a lineal_a succession_n and_o a_o transversed_a and_o acknowledge_v that_o among_o the_o german_n as_o also_o the_o goth_n and_o vandal_n nephew_n be_v not_o admit_v to_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n before_o their_o uncle_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o saxon_n and_o norman_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v in_o our_o ancient_a english_a history_n that_o before_o the_o conquest_n the_o uncle_n if_o he_o be_v old_a always_o enjoy_v the_o crown_n before_o the_o nephew_n which_o i_o can_v more_o particular_o show_v you_o if_o you_o think_v fit_a to_o question_v it_o the_o like_a manner_n of_o succession_n be_v also_o among_o the_o irish-scotch_a for_o above_o 200_o year_n after_o âârgus_fw-la their_z first_o king_n the_o like_a custom_n be_v also_o observe_v among_o the_o irish_a as_o long_o as_o they_o have_v any_o king_n among_o they_o and_o be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o tanistry_n the_o same_o be_v also_o observe_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o âastile_fw-fr where_o after_o the_o death_n of_o alphonso_n the_o five_o the_o state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n admit_v his_o young_a son_n sancho_n to_o be_v king_n put_v by_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n the_o grandson_n to_o the_o late_a king_n by_o his_o elder_a son_n though_o he_o have_v the_o crown_n leave_v he_o by_o his_o grand-father_n will._n so_o likewise_o in_o sicily_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o charles_n the_o second_o who_o leave_v a_o grand_a son_n behind_o he_o by_o his_o elder_a son_n as_o also_o a_o young_a son_n name_v robert_n between_o who_o a_o difference_n arise_v concern_v the_o succession_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o pope_n clement_n v._o he_o give_v judgement_n for_o robert_n the_o young_a son_n of_o charles_n who_o be_v thereupon_o crown_v king_n of_o sicily_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o earl_n john_n brother_n to_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o be_v declare_v king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o estate_n before_o arthur_n earl_n of_o britain_n son_n of_o jeoffrey_n the_o elder_a brother_n and_o glanvil_n who_o be_v lord_n chief_a justice_n under_o henry_n the_o second_o in_o that_o little_a treatise_n we_o have_v of_o he_o make_v it_o a_o great_a question_n who_o shall_v be_v prefer_v to_o a_o inheritance_n the_o uncle_n or_o nephew_n but_o as_o for_o daughter_n whether_o they_o shall_v inherit_v 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their_o subject_n for_o any_o breach_n or_o infringement_n of_o such_o liberty_n and_o immunity_n and_o this_o may_v serve_v against_o the_o fancy_n of_o all_o those_o who_o think_v prince_n have_v nothing_o but_o what_o the_o people_n have_v give_v they_o and_o likewise_o against_o such_o as_o mr._n hobbs_n who_o maintain_v so_o much_o be_v confer_v on_o they_o that_o they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o leave_v no_o body_n else_o any_o thing_n to_o enjoy_v that_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o take_v from_o they_o and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o much_o better_a security_n for_o the_o people_n liberty_n to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o honour_n and_o conscience_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o that_o fear_v they_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o the_o divine_a vengeance_n in_o case_n they_o oppress_v their_o subject_n contrary_a to_o law_n than_o your_o heady_a and_o violent_a method_n of_o resistance_n for_o the_o oppression_n or_o tyranny_n of_o prince_n which_o will_v but_o give_v the_o common_a 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the_o people_n may_v sometime_o happen_v to_o abuse_v this_o natural_a right_n of_o judge_v and_o resist_v by_o exert_v it_o when_o there_o be_v no_o real_a and_o absolute_a necessity_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o they_o be_v whole_o debar_v from_o it_o because_o they_o may_v happen_v sometime_o to_o abuse_v it_o the_o free_a people_n in_o the_o world_n viz._n our_o self_n for_o example_n may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o condition_n of_o absolute_a slavery_n and_o beggary_n and_o that_o without_o all_o remedy_n by_o any_o humane_a mean_n that_o i_o can_v think_v of_o and_o which_o be_v the_o worst_a mischief_n of_o these_o two_o i_o leave_v to_o yourself_o or_o any_o indifferent_a man_n to_o judge_n m._n if_o you_o will_v have_v my_o opinion_n in_o this_o pointâ_n i_o must_v free_o tell_v you_o that_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o find_v out_o a_o mischief_n so_o destructive_a to_o the_o people_n and_o which_o they_o shall_v exchange_v for_o this_o miserable_a state_n 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well_o gather_v that_o this_o be_v none_o of_o the_o king_n be_v ordinary_a or_o privy_a council_n or_o else_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v this_o cause_n adjourn_v to_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n since_o if_o it_o have_v be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n it_o may_v have_v be_v do_v forthwith_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o but_o one_o instance_n more_o out_o of_o the_o close_a roll_n of_o the_o 41_o of_o this_o king_n 12.13_o wherein_o a_o cause_n between_o elizabeth_n wife_n of_o nicholas_n d'audley_n and_o james_n d'audley_n in_o a_o controversy_n between_o they_o touch_v certain_a land_n contain_v in_o in_o the_o covenant_n of_o her_o marriage_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v adjudge_v devant_fw-fr son_n conseil_n c'est_fw-fr a_fw-fr scavoir_fw-fr chanceller_n thresorier_n justice_n &_o aâires_n sage_n assemblez_fw-fr en_fw-fr la_fw-fr chambre_fw-fr des_fw-fr etoile_n i_o e._n before_o his_o council_n viz._n the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n justice_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n assemble_v in_o the_o star-chamber_n so_o that_o when_o any_o thing_n in_o our_o old_a statute_n be_v say_v to_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n it_o be_v always_o to_o be_v understand_v not_o as_o if_o this_o council_n be_v a_o four_o estate_n who_o assent_n or_o advice_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o the_o make_n of_o law_n as_o that_o of_o the_o lordi_n spiritual_a temporal_a and_o commons_o for_o than_o they_o will_v have_v have_v the_o same_o power_n still_o but_o only_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o time_n when_o most_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v draw_v by_o they_o and_o that_o the_o king_n past_o none_o without_o their_o advice_n it_o be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n viz._n in_o parliament_n and_o i_o conceive_v the_o power_n of_o this_o council_n continue_v till_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o when_o this_o court_n be_v by_o act_n of_o 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but_o to_o show_v you_o that_o for_o above_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o that_o time_n none_o but_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n earl_n baron_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v summon_v by_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n till_o the_o time_n i_o have_v so_o often_o mention_v f._n i_o see_v you_o do_v all_o you_o can_v to_o perplex_v very_o plain_a and_o evident_a proof_n for_o as_o to_o the_o queen_n be_v often_o present_a at_o the_o great_a council_n of_o those_o time_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v usual_a in_o these_o elder_a time_n and_o that_o in_o france_n as_o well_o as_o here_o as_o any_o man_n that_o will_v but_o peruse_v the_o charter_n of_o some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n 106._o of_o the_o second_o race_n as_o they_o be_v in_o father_n mabilion_n de_fw-fr rediplomatica_fw-la may_v easy_o satisfy_v themselves_o and_o as_o for_o the_o abbess_n who_o we_o find_v sometime_o mention_v to_o have_v be_v there_o before_o the_o conquest_n they_o may_v 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in_o these_o two_o quotation_n since_o in_o that_o out_o of_o camden_n you_o can_v deny_v but_o he_o have_v true_o quote_v that_o author_n as_o it_o be_v in_o his_o first_o edition_n and_o if_o he_o afterwares_o alter_v it_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v question_v whether_o he_o do_v not_o add_v the_o word_n superiores_fw-la rather_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o displease_v the_o great_a nobility_n who_o that_o quotation_n have_v before_o shockt_v than_o out_o of_o any_o sense_n of_o his_o be_v in_o the_o wrong_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n immediate_o follow_v when_o he_o tell_v we_o out_o of_o a_o nameless_a manuscript_n author_n that_o henry_n iii_o out_o of_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o baron_n which_o be_v seditious_a and_o turbulent_a call_v the_o best_a and_o chief_a of_o they_o only_o by_o writ_n to_o parliament_n by_o which_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o he_o suppose_v all_o those_o less_o baron_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la though_o no_o lord_n as_o now_o 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barones_n sir_n h._n spelman_n tell_v we_o express_o in_o his_o glossary_n tit._n baro_n 70._o etiam_fw-la barones_n comitum_fw-la procer_fw-la umque_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la barones_n subalterni_fw-la &_o baronum_n barones_n sâpissime_fw-la leguntur_fw-la and_o of_o this_o he_o give_v we_o many_o example_n and_o particular_o of_o the_o chief_a tenant_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o ramsey_n above_o mention_v so_o likewise_o the_o same_o author_n a_o leaf_n or_o two_o far_a speak_v of_o the_o barones_n of_o london_n mention_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n henry_n i._o understand_v they_o pro_fw-la civibus_fw-la praestantioribus_fw-la qui_fw-la socnas_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la i._n e._n curias_n habuerunt_fw-la &_o privilegia_fw-la eorum_fw-la instar_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o comitatu_fw-la barones_n comitatus_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la etc._n etc._n nor_o do_v this_o title_n of_o barones_n extend_v to_o london_n alone_o but_o he_o also_o immediate_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o same_o 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voluntate_fw-la &_o precipto_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la âââdatorum_fw-la baâonium_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la communitatis_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibidem_fw-la praesentium_fw-la m._n i_o think_v the_o dr._n have_v give_v we_o full_a satisfaction_n as_o to_o this_o record_n p._n in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n the_o substance_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v you_o in_o short_a first_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o at_o the_o make_n of_o this_o force_a peace_n simon_n mountford_n and_o his_o faction_n then_o hold_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n as_o also_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n brother_n as_o good_a as_o prisoner_n and_o make_v they_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o he_o carry_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n along_o with_o he_o until_o he_o have_v take_v in_o all_o the_o strong_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v than_o he_o call_v this_o parliament_n which_o can_v not_o be_v one_o in_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v now_o take_v since_o there_o be_v none_o there_o but_o the_o earl_n baron_n and_o head_n of_o the_o rebel_n which_o have_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o their_o power_n and_o as_o you_o yourself_o set_v forth_o be_v the_o same_o person_n that_o seal_v it_o for_o themselves_o and_o the_o other_o baron_n and_o the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o community_n must_v be_v the_o community_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o great_a man_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o military_a service_n and_o no_o other_o for_o how_o can_v the_o lord_n and_o baron_n sign_v any_o thing_n for_o the_o commons_o as_o at_o this_o day_n understand_v they_o do_v not_o then_o nor_o now_o do_v represent_v they_o 217._o but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o another_o authority_n to_o make_v this_o clear_a of_o some_o year_n before_o relate_v in_o matt._n paris_n viz._n anno_fw-la dom._n 12ââ_n 42_o d_o hen._n iii_o where_o letter_n be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v a_o communitate_fw-la angliae_fw-la to_o the_o pope_n concern_v aymer_n de_fw-fr valence_n bishop_n elect_n of_o wachester_n the_o direction_n be_v thus_o sanctissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la etc._n etc._n communitas_fw-la comitum_fw-la procerum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la cum_fw-la subjectione_n debita_fw-la pedum_n osrâââ_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o put_v the_o matter_n beyond_o all_o doubt_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o these_o letter_n be_v seal_v by_o six_o earl_n and_o five_o baron_n only_o vice_fw-la totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la i_o need_v ãâã_d give_v you_o their_o name_n since_o you_o may_v find_v they_o in_o the_o author_n himself_o as_o also_o cite_v by_o the_o dr._n and_o as_o for_o h._n bigod_n the_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o four_o person_n name_v after_o he_o they_o be_v prove_v by_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n in_o his_o baronage_n of_o england_n to_o have_v be_v the_o great_a baron_n in_o the_o kingdom_n now_o pray_v let_v i_o ask_v you_o this_o question_n do_v these_o eleven_o person_n all_o great_a earl_n and_o baron_n represent_v the_o whole_a commons_o or_o community_n of_o england_n as_o at_o this_o day_n understand_v or_o do_v they_o represent_v the_o community_n of_o the_o baron_n only_o together_o with_o the_o alios_fw-la the_o milites_fw-la which_o hold_v by_o military_a service_n of_o the_o great_a baron_n and_o the_o less_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o the_o whole_a community_n here_o intend_v must_v be_v one_o of_o they_o take_v which_o you_o please_v you_o will_v lose_v the_o cause_n for_o certain_o these_o great_a ãâã_d and_o baron_n that_o seal_v this_o letter_n vice_fw-la totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la be_v not_o choose_v nor_o send_v by_o the_o commons_o to_o this_o parliament_n or_o meeting_n nor_o be_v the_o commons_o represent_v as_o at_o this_o day_n by_o they_o as_o you_o yourself_o have_v already_o grant_v f._n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o make_v any_o long_a reply_n to_o this_o answer_n of_o youââ_n or_o rather_o of_o your_o dr.'s_n since_o it_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o same_o false_a supposition_n with_o the_o other_o viz._n that_o the_o word_n cum_fw-la communitate_fw-la tot_fw-la â_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la must_v always_o mean_v only_o the_o community_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la which_o supposition_n if_o it_o be_v false_a in_o your_o former_a argument_n be_v also_o as_o false_a in_o this_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o too_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impertinent_a to_o repeat_v my_o answer_n to_o it_o but_o if_o this_o be_v no_o true_a parliament_n because_o simon_n mountford_n have_v then_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o his_o power_n this_o will_v likewise_o serve_v to_o unparliament_n that_o of_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o this_o king_n from_o whence_o the_o gentleman_n of_o your_o opinion_n date_n the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o commons_o to_o parliament_n since_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v as_o much_o in_o simon_n mountford_n power_n then_o as_o now_o and_o yet_o no_o man_n as_o i_o know_v of_o ever_o question_v the_o validity_n of_o it_o though_o i_o can_v also_o omit_v that_o you_o pass_v by_o in_o this_o letter_n the_o word_n magnatum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la regni_fw-la under_o which_o word_n as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v may_v very_o well_o be_v comprehend_v all_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n as_o well_o as_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n unless_o the_o word_n have_v run_v thus_o as_o they_o shall_v have_v do_v to_o have_v make_v out_o your_o assertion_n aliorumque_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o main_a point_n you_o insist_v upon_o which_o be_v how_o these_o great_a earlâ_n and_o baron_n can_v seal_v this_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o these_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n before_o i_o answer_v to_o that_o i_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o ask_v you_o one_o question_n you_o have_v already_o allow_v that_o the_o ordinary_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o which_o that_o numerous_a body_n chief_o consist_v though_o call_v by_o courtesy_n barones_n minores_fw-la be_v real_o no_o baron_n nor_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o if_o so_o be_v but_o commoner_n now_o pray_v tell_v i_o how_o these_o great_a earl_n and_o baron_n you_o mention_v to_o have_v sign_v this_o peace_n and_o this_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n can_v put_v their_o seal_n for_o those_o who_o be_v no_o baron_n themselves_o by_o your_o own_o confession_n and_o you_o can_v say_v they_o represent_v they_o for_o they_o be_v as_o good_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o great_a lord_n but_o if_o you_o say_v they_o do_v it_o by_o their_o order_n and_o consent_n pray_v why_o may_v not_o these_o great_a lord_n or_o baron_n as_o well_o do_v the_o like_a for_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n and_o burgess_n by_o their_o appointment_n since_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o lord_n do_v act_v thus_o in_o the_o letter_n which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n concern_v the_o business_n of_o scotland_n and_o beside_o i_o must_v here_o observe_v that_o the_o dr._n and_o you_o do_v not_o deal_v fair_o with_o your_o adversary_n in_o cite_v this_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o baron_n sign_v these_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n vice_n tâtius_fw-la communitatâs_fw-la angliae_fw-la since_o i_o acknowledge_v in_o this_o place_n the_o word_n communitas_fw-la be_v put_v alone_o do_v mean_v no_o more_o than_o the_o community_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o authority_n i_o have_v quote_v it_o be_v put_v after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n and_o so_o then_o must_v mean_v the_o whole_a commonalty_n or_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o sense_n they_o be_v now_o take_v and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v always_o use_v in_o french_a as_o well_o as_o in_o latin_a when_o it_o come_v after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v and_o for_o this_o pray_v see_v the_o stat._n of_o westm._n i._o make_v 3_o d_o edw._n i._n but_o eleven_o year_n after_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n iii_o per_n l'assântments_n des_fw-fr aechievesques_n evesques_n abbes_n prior_n count_n baron_n &_o tout_fw-fr le_fw-fr commonalty_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr illonques_fw-la summone_n which_o phrase_n i_o can_v show_v you_o to_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o in_o most_o of_o our_o french_a statute_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n and_o all_o his_o successor_n in_o many_o record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n whilst_o they_o be_v write_v in_o latin_a or_o french_a which_o i_o shall_v omit_v recite_v because_o i_o suppose_v you_o yourself_o will_v allow_v it_o i_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o to_o say_v concern_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la le_fw-fr commune_fw-la &_o le_fw-fr communality_n which_o because_o it_o be_v long_o and_o it_o now_o grow_v late_a i_o shall_v
which_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n be_v liable_a to_o as_o well_o after_o as_o before_o your_o conquest_n nor_o will_v the_o 58_o the_o law_n make_v more_o for_o you_o for_o though_o it_o ââly_o say_v that_o all_o earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o their_o servitor_n or_o esquire_n and_o all_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v always_o be_v fit_v with_o horse_n and_o arm_n as_o they_o ââought_v to_o be_v and_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v according_a to_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o âees_n and_o tenor_n now_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o this_o law_n can_v extend_v to_o the_o less_o ãâã_d capite_fw-la only_a since_o they_o according_a to_o your_o own_o sense_n be_v comprehend_v ââeder_o the_o word_n milites_fw-la and_o their_o servientes_fw-la which_o seem_v to_o mean_v their_o feudataây_a tenant_n be_v as_o much_o tie_v by_o this_o law_n to_o find_v horse_n and_o arm_n as_o the_o tââants_n in_o capite_fw-la themselves_o so_o that_o whereas_o the_o law_n say_v express_o uniâârsi_fw-la liberi_fw-la ââmines_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la it_o shall_v have_v be_v to_o make_v good_a your_o sense_n universe_n libeââ_n homines_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenant_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o freeman_n who_o be_v âf_o lesser_a estate_n than_o to_o find_v horse_n they_o be_v to_o be_v ready_a with_o such_o arm_n as_o beââed_v their_o condition_n as_o we_o see_v it_o explain_v by_o the_o assize_n of_o arm_n of_o henry_n ii_o which_o i_o have_v now_o cite_v so_o that_o this_o law_n of_o king_n william_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v in_o ãâã_d sense_n you_o put_v upon_o it_o that_o all_o the_o true_a freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v oblige_v to_o be_v ready_a with_o horse_n and_o arm_n as_o if_o none_o be_v freeman_n that_o do_v not_o but_o refer_v the_o word_n horse_n and_o arm_n to_o those_o who_o be_v to_o âind_v both_o and_o the_o word_n arm_n to_o those_o freeman_n who_o be_v only_o oblige_v to_o keep_v arm_n âit_a for_o footman_n which_o sense_n the_o word_n will_v very_o well_o bear_v though_o express_v general_o and_o concise_o according_a to_o the_o mode_n of_o those_o time_n which_o abhor_v more_o word_n than_o âeeds_o and_o if_o these_o law_n will_v not_o prove_v what_o you_o bring_v they_o for_o much_o less_o till_o the_o last_o you_o have_v cite_v for_o if_o the_o word_n omneâ_n liberâ_n homines_fw-la totius_fw-la monarââ_n in_o the_o first_o law_n who_o be_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n must_v ââtend_v to_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o england_n as_o certain_o it_o do_v all_o freeman_n be_v aââe_n oblige_v to_o be_v swear_v in_o the_o court_n leer_n and_o county_n court_n so_o must_v this_o too_o ãâã_d title_n be_v that_o omnes_fw-la subditi_fw-la all_o the_o subject_n shall_v endeavour_v to_o maintain_v the_o king_n right_n with_o all_o their_o power_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o subditi_fw-la here_o be_v the_o same_o with_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la in_o the_o first_o law_n yet_o since_o by_o that_o law_n all_o freeman_n be_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n these_o must_v be_v also_o the_o very_a same_o freeman_n who_o be_v to_o be_v swear_v brother_n to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n according_a to_o their_o power_n and_o estate_n so_o that_o all_o that_o you_o have_v say_v to_o prove_v your_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la to_o be_v the_o only_a freeman_n that_o serve_v oâ_n jury_n etc._n etc._n be_v build_v upon_o a_o false_a interpretation_n of_o these_o law_n of_o king_n william_n be_v but_o the_o mere_a fancy_n and_o imagination_n of_o the_o author_n from_o who_o you_o borrow_v they_o but_o take_v the_o word_n liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la in_o the_o strict_a sense_n and_o as_o they_o be_v be_v the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o king_n john_n and_o h._n iii_o chap._n 14._o where_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o libre_fw-la homo_fw-la non_fw-la amercietur_fw-la pro_fw-la parvo_fw-la delicto_fw-la nisi_fw-la secundum_fw-la modum_fw-la illius_fw-la delicti_fw-la saluââh_fw-mi contenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la &_o mercatar_a eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la salva_fw-la marchandiza_fw-mi &_o villanus_fw-la saluâ_n wânagio_n upon_o which_o word_n sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o his_o 2_o d._n inst._n observe_v that_o ãâã_d homo_fw-la be_v here_o mean_v such_o a_o one_o as_o enjoy_v a_o franc_n tenement_n that_o be_v any_o sort_n of_o freeââ_n hold_v but_o pray_v go_v on_o to_o prove_v by_o some_o plain_a authority_n that_o the_o arch-bishops_a bishop_n and_o abbot_n etc._n etc._n together_o with_o the_o earl_n baron_n and_o other_o tenant_n in_o capita_fw-la be_v the_o only_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o assess_n of_o tax_n and_o make_v law_n in_o the_o time_n immediate_o succeed_v the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o m._n i_o shall_v perform_v your_o desire_n and_o will_v begin_v with_o the_o great_a council_n ãâã_d parliament_n hold_v at_o clarendon_n of_o which_o matt._n paris_n tell_v we_o ãâã_d dom._n 1164._o 10_o the_o of_o king_n h._n ii_o â20_n in_o presentia_fw-la regis_fw-la henriâs_n ãâ¦ã_z rendon_n 8_o calend._n febr._n etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr mandato_fw-la ipsius_fw-la regis_fw-la presentibus_fw-la ãâã_d archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la ãâã_d &_o proceribus_fw-la regni_fw-la facta_fw-la est_fw-la recognitio_fw-la and_o which_o quadrilogus_fw-la and_o gervasâ_n ãâã_d canterbury_n comprise_v under_o the_o general_a term_n of_o brasules_a &_o prâceres_fw-la regni_fw-la the_o bishop_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingâdom_n 1164._o what_o can_v be_v more_o clear_a by_o this_o enumeration_n of_o the_o constitââent_a part_n of_o this_o full_a parliament_n as_o mr._n sâlden_n and_o other_o author_n agree_v it_o to_o be_v than_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v then_o none_o of_o theâ_n and_o that_o the_o clerus_fw-la and_o populus_fw-la in_o hoveden_n be_v only_o the_o ãâã_d and_o lay_v nobility_n so_o likewise_o when_o these_o constitution_n be_v again_o renew_v by_o this_o king_n at_o bathampton_n the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o though_o by_o a_o mistake_v it_o be_v writtââ_n nottingham_n that_o rex_fw-la pater_fw-la ibi_fw-la celebravit_fw-la magnum_fw-la consilium_fw-la de_fw-fr ãâã_d it_o be_v regni_fw-la 50._o &_o coram_fw-la rege_fw-la filio_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o coram_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopââ_n comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la which_o council_n be_v more_o particular_o recite_v by_o benedictus_n abbas_n in_o his_o manuscript_n history_n ãâã_d in_o the_o cottonian_a library_n anno._n 1176._o which_o be_v the_o 25_o the_o h._n ãâã_d circa_n festum_fw-la conversionis_fw-la sancti_fw-la pauli_n julii_fw-la venit_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la usque_fw-la âââthampton_fw-la &_o magnum_fw-la ibi_fw-la celebravit_fw-la concilium_fw-la de_fw-la statutis_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la ãâã_d episcopis_fw-la &_o comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la suae_fw-la &_o coram_fw-la eye_v per_fw-la ãâã_d regis_fw-la henrici_fw-la filii_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o per_fw-la concilium_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o baronum_n &_o nilitââ_n hominum_fw-la suorum_fw-la hanc_fw-la subscriptam_fw-la assisam_fw-la âecit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o ralph_n de_fw-fr diceto_n dean_n of_o st._n paul_n a._n d._n 1210._o a_o diligent_a searcher_n into_o the_o history_n and_o transaction_n of_o his_o own_o and_o former_a time_n 40._o do_v yet_o more_o full_o declare_v the_o meaning_n of_o abbot_n benedict_n in_o the_o account_n he_o give_v of_o this_o great_a council_n thus_o rex_fw-la juxta_fw-la consilium_fw-la filii_fw-la svi_fw-la regis_fw-la coram_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la consentientibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n hoc_fw-la autem_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la northamptonam_fw-la âino_fw-la kal_n febr._n from_o all_o which_o 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the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o i_o desire_v you_o only_o to_o observe_v that_o by_o the_o 15_o and_o 16_o clause_n of_o this_o charter_n you_o have_v now_o read_v both_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o all_o other_o city_n barââghs_n and_o town_n have_v a_o right_a to_o have_v a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o assessment_n of_o aid_n otherwise_o than_o in_o the_o three_o case_n there_o expect_v and_o âay_v take_v the_o dr_n paraphrase_n to_o this_o clause_n along_o with_o you_o in_o his_o appendix_n to_o his_o complete_a history_n of_o england_n viz._n that_o they_o viz._n the_o citizen_n burgess_n â_o and_o cinque_fw-fr port_n shall_v send_v their_o representative_n or_o commissioner_n to_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o assessment_n of_o aid_n so_o that_o according_a to_o his_o concession_n there_o must_v have_v be_v citizen_n and_o burgess_n in_o the_o great_a council_n in_o the_o 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be_v have_v the_o first_o second_o third_z four_o five_o and_o six_o dialogue_n 1693._o author_n make_v use_v of_o and_o how_o denote_v 1._o mr._n petut_n ancient_n right_o of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n asserted_n p._n r._n c._n 2._o dr._n brady_n answer_n thereunto_o edit_fw-la in_o folio_n b._n a._n p._n 3._o the_o say_a doctor_n be_v glossary_a at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o b._n g._n 4._o animadversion_n upon_o mr._n atwood_n treatise_n entitle_v jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la face_n nova_fw-la b._n a._n i._n 5._o mr._n atwood_n his_o confutatin_n of_o the_o say_a doctor_n entitle_v ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la i._o a._n a._n 6._o dr._n brady_n preface_n to_o his_o history_n b._n p._n h._n 7._o dr._n iohnston_n excellency_n of_o monarchical_a government_n i._o e._n m._n g._n the_o seven_o dialogue_n between_o mr._n meanwell_n a_o civilian_n and_o mr._n freeman_n a_o gentleman_n f._n you_o be_v
hold_v whole_o by_o socage_n tenure_n whereas_o it_o appear_v plain_o by_o littleton_n that_o tenant_n in_o petyt_n serjeanty_n be_v subject_a to_o wardship_n marriage_n and_o relief_n so_o that_o whoever_o will_v but_o consider_v that_o near_o half_a the_o land_n in_o england_n be_v hold_v by_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o who_o not_o a_o three_o part_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o will_v then_o likewise_o consider_v what_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o tenant_n those_o abbot_n prior_n dean_n and_o chapter_n who_o be_v not_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la at_o all_o must_v have_v have_v and_o who_o either_o hold_v estate_n in_o fee_n or_o else_o for_o life_n under_o they_o in_o socage_n as_o well_o as_o by_o knight_n service_n as_o also_o all_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o tenor_n i_o have_v already_o mention_v which_o either_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o some_o honour_n or_o castle_n or_o else_o of_o other_o mesne_n lord_n by_o other_o 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omnes_fw-la milites_fw-la &_o liberos_fw-la tenentes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la eo_fw-la tenent_n per_fw-la servitium_n militare_fw-la in_o balliva_fw-la tua_fw-la ad_fw-la redlendum_fw-la ei_fw-la de_fw-la singulis_fw-la feotis_fw-la militum_fw-la &_o wardis_n dvas_fw-la marcas_fw-la ad_fw-la predictum_fw-la auxilium_fw-la nobis_fw-la per_fw-la manum_fw-la svam_fw-la reddendum_fw-la in_o terminis_fw-la predictis_fw-la sic_fw-la scribitur_fw-la pro_fw-la aliis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la &_o magnatibus_fw-la now_o i_o desire_v you_o to_o tell_v i_o whether_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v more_o plain_a than_o that_o this_o tax_n be_v grant_v by_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n according_a to_o that_o clause_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n i_o have_v now_o cite_v wherein_o it_o be_v first_o especial_o provide_v that_o no_o aid_n or_o scutage_n shall_v be_v impose_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n unless_o by_o the_o common_a council_n thereof_o and_o yet_o you_o 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be_v possible_a for_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n to_o debate_v vote_n or_o do_v any_o business_n and_o what_o room_n or_o church_n be_v able_a to_o hold_v so_o many_o and_o the_o like_a so_o that_o grant_v all_o your_o small_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o have_v but_o one_o knight_n fee_n apiece_o to_o have_v meet_v there_o these_o may_v have_v make_v a_o body_n of_o 5_o or_o 5000_o man_n which_o how_o they_o can_v have_v be_v manage_v any_o better_a than_o 20000_o or_o 30000_o which_o will_v have_v more_o then_o take_v in_o all_o their_o feudatary_a tenant_n too_o i_o desire_v you_o will_v resolve_v i_o if_o you_o can_v so_o that_o at_o last_o upon_o your_o own_o hypothesis_n this_o populus_fw-la consist_v of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v as_o much_o commoner_n as_o the_o knight_n oâ_n shire_n at_o this_o day_n for_o as_o for_o the_o word_n nobilium_fw-la i_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o you_o must_v needs_o here_o grant_v it_o that_o it_o take_v in_o the_o inferior_a nobility_n or_o gentry_n under_o the_o degree_n of_o lord_n as_o well_o as_o the_o superior_a and_o if_o so_o why_o not_o all_o the_o considerable_a measu_fw-la tenant_n of_o those_o tenant_n so_o that_o you_o have_v hitherto_o bring_v no_o proof_n but_o your_o bare_a assertion_n that_o under_o this_o infinita_fw-la multitudo_fw-la nobilium_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la must_v be_v understand_v only_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la since_o either_o this_o author_n speak_v hyperbolical_o or_o else_o all_o the_o chief_a gentry_n of_o england_n of_o whatsoever_o tenure_n may_v have_v appear_v at_o this_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a assembly_n so_o that_o you_o be_v under_o this_o dilemma_n either_o this_o curia_fw-la which_o you_o confess_v meet_v ex_fw-la more_fw-it be_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o it_o be_v not_o if_o it_o be_v not_o then_o there_o be_v some_o other_o great_a council_n beside_o that_o but_o if_o it_o be_v than_o it_o will_v plain_o follow_v though_o you_o do_v all_o you_o can_v to_o mince_v the_o matter_n that_o this_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o parliament_n meet_v of_o course_n by_o ancient_a custom_n three_o time_n in_o the_o year_n without_o any_o summons_n at_o all_o from_o the_o king_n which_o if_o i_o shall_v have_v affirm_v you_o will_v have_v call_v it_o a_o commonwealth_n notion_n since_o nothing_o can_v be_v a_o great_a proof_n that_o this_o assembly_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n in_o parliament_n do_v not_o upon_o your_o hypothesis_n immediate_o depend_v on_o the_o king_n writ_n of_o summons_n for_o their_o assemble_v and_o act_v when_o meet_v m._n well_o since_o you_o can_v bring_v no_o direct_a proof_n that_o these_o be_v any_o other_o beside_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o meet_v at_o this_o great_a council_n i_o have_v still_o more_o reason_n to_o suppose_v they_o to_o have_v be_v so_o than_o you_o can_v do_v for_o the_o conorary_a opinion_n therefore_o pray_v give_v i_o if_o you_o can_v some_o clear_a and_o late_a proof_n for_o this_o difference_n between_o the_o two_o council_n f._n i_o shall_v comply_v with_o your_o desire_n and_o in_o order_n to_o it_o shall_v conclude_v with_o two_o or_o three_o of_o those_o very_a authority_n the_o doctor_n have_v give_v we_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n where_o he_o give_v we_o this_o passage_n out_o of_o mat._n paris_n in_o the_o 2ââth_n of_o hen._n 3._o which_o plain_o prove_v the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la not_o to_o have_v be_v the_o common_a university_n 1244_o or_o sole_a rep._n esentative_a of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n â_o pray_v read_v it_o eâââ_n in_o anno_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la regis_fw-la summonitione_fw-la convocati_fw-la londinum_n magnates_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la arciâpisâori_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n in_o quo_fw-la concilio_n portis_fw-la rex_fw-la oâe_fw-la proprio_fw-la in_o presentia_fw-la magnatum_fw-la i._n e._n of_o all_o the_o party_n above_o mention_v in_o refectorio_fw-la westmonasteriensi_fw-la axilium_fw-la sieri_fw-la pecuniare_fw-la cui_fw-la fuit_fw-la responsum_fw-la quâd_fw-la super_fw-la âoc_fw-la tractarent_fw-la ârecedentesque_fw-la magnates_fw-la de_fw-fr râfectorio_n convenerunt_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la ââ_o episcopi_fw-la abbates_n &_o priores_fw-la seorsim_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la superque_fw-la hoc_fw-la diligenter_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la âandâm_fw-la requisiti_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la eorum_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n si_fw-la vellent_fw-la illis_fw-la unanimiter_fw-la conâentire_fw-la in_o responsione_n &_o previsione_n super_fw-la hiâ_n facienda_fw-la qui_fw-la responderunt_fw-la scâlicet_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n quod_fw-la sine_fw-la communi_fw-la universitate_fw-la nihil_fw-la facerent_fw-la ture_fw-fr de_fw-fr communi_fw-la dissânsu_fw-la electi_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ex_fw-la parie_fw-la cleri_fw-la electus_n cant._n etc._n etc._n now_o i_o think_v here_o be_v as_o manifest_v a_o distinction_n as_o need_v to_o be_v between_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o 208._o as_o member_n
whole_a nation_n in_o parliament_n and_o i_o be_o of_o this_o opinion_n because_o in_o many_o of_o the_o old_a statute_n before_o the_o time_n of_o robert_n the_o 2_o d._n we_o find_v the_o communitas_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la come_v immediate_o after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o in_o our_o own_o ancient_a statute_n and_o record_n but_o after_o those_o reign_v we_o find_v no_o more_o mention_n of_o this_o communitas_fw-la but_o only_o of_o the_o duke_n earls_z baron_n liberi_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la &_o burgensibus_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la as_o in_o the_o title_n to_o those_o statute_n of_o k._n robert_n the_o 3_o d_o and_o james_n the_o 5_o the_o you_o have_v now_o cite_v and_o yet_o that_o libre_fw-la tenens_fw-la be_v not_o ancient_o take_v for_o a_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la only_o pray_v see_v the_o 14_o the_o chap._n of_o the_o law_n of_o k._n alexander_n the_o 2_o d._n make_v anno_fw-la dom._n 1214._o with_o your_o doctor_n comment_n upon_o they_o statutum_n est_fw-la quod_fw-la nec_fw-la episcopi_fw-la nec_fw-la abbates_n nec_fw-la comites_fw-la nec_fw-la aliqui_fw-la liberi_fw-la tenentes_fw-la tenebunt_fw-la curias_fw-la svas_fw-la nisi_fw-la vicecome_fw-la regis_fw-la 98._o vel_fw-la servientes_fw-la vicecomitis_fw-la ibidem_fw-la fuerant_fw-la upon_o which_o word_n the_o doctor_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n have_v this_o remark_n viz._n this_o again_o show_v we_o that_o the_o freeholder_n be_v lord_n of_o manor_n at_o least_o so_o that_o unless_o you_o will_v suppose_v that_o none_o but_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v lord_n of_o manor_n or_o hold_v court_n as_o certain_o very_o many_o of_o the_o mesne_n tenant_n do_v this_o word_n libre_fw-la tenens_fw-la must_v extend_v to_o any_o other_o great_a freeholder_n or_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n of_o whatsoever_o lord_n he_o hold_v it_o and_o as_o such_o may_v ancient_o have_v have_v a_o vote_n in_o that_o parliament_n so_o that_o if_o i_o have_v as_o i_o think_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la come_v after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o our_o ancient_a statute_n and_o record_n do_v certain_o signify_v another_o order_n of_o man_n distinct_a from_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la ay_o i_o have_v the_o same_o reason_n to_o believe_v it_o be_v so_o in_o scotland_n too_o not_o only_o because_o these_o general_a word_n communitas_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la must_v needs_o be_v more_o comprehensive_a than_o to_o express_v the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la only_o who_o can_v never_o represent_v all_o the_o great_a freeholder_n in_o scotland_n any_o more_o than_o they_o do_v in_o england_n but_o also_o because_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o scotch_a lawyer_n that_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o constitution_n be_v the_o same_o in_o both_o kingdom_n for_o sir_n john_n skene_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o k._n james_n before_o his_o scottish_a law_n say_v thus_o intelligo_fw-la tuas_fw-la tuorumque_fw-la majorum_fw-la leges_fw-la cum_fw-la legibus_fw-la regni_fw-la tui_fw-la angliae_fw-la magna_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la consentiunt_fw-la which_o be_v also_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o the_o speech_n he_o make_v in_o parliament_n concern_v the_o union_n of_o both_o kingdom_n to_o conclude_v i_o can_v but_o admire_v your_o doctor_n strange_a partiality_n who_o do_v allow_v the_o commons_o of_o scotland_n to_o have_v even_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n when_o he_o express_o grant_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o scotland_n be_v and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o king_n tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o that_o the_o king_n royal_a burrough_n be_v such_o as_o ever_o do_v and_o do_v at_o this_o day_n in_o scotland_n only_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n now_o why_o the_o city_n and_o burrough_n in_o england_n shall_v not_o have_v always_o have_v the_o like_a privilege_n as_o well_o as_o in_o scotland_n i_o wish_v you_o can_v give_v i_o any_o sufficient_a reason_n m._n since_o you_o own_o that_o the_o tenant_n capite_fw-la or_o else_o commissioner_n in_o their_o stead_n have_v be_v the_o sole_a representative_n for_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o scotland_n for_o above_o 200_o year_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o be_v so_o long_o before_o that_o time_n since_o you_o confess_v you_o can_v show_v any_o law_n by_o which_o this_o ancient_a custom_n come_v to_o be_v change_v though_o i_o grant_v that_o the_o statute_n before_o k._n david_n and_o robert_n the_o 2_o d_o be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o communitas_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la yet_o you_o must_v not_o suppose_v that_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n alter_v when_o the_o clerk_n alter_v their_o phrase_n in_o pen_v their_o statute_n and_o record_n so_o that_o this_o communitas_fw-la be_v the_o community_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la only_o and_o not_o of_o the_o freeholder_n or_o of_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n since_o as_o for_o the_o former_a you_o can_v say_v that_o all_o the_o people_n in_o scotland_n have_v ever_o a_o right_a to_o choose_v the_o commissioner_n for_o the_o shire_n for_o then_o it_o be_v most_o likely_a they_o will_v have_v keep_v to_o this_o day_n whereas_o we_o see_v that_o none_o but_o tenant_n in_o coplie_n have_v vote_n at_o such_o election_n and_o as_o for_o city_n and_o burrough_n i_o can_v find_v nor_o do_v i_o believe_v you_o can_v show_v i_o any_o instance_n of_o a_o city_n or_o burrough-town_n in_o scotland_n that_o ever_o send_v deputy_n to_o parliament_n but_o what_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o king_n for_o though_o there_o be_v at_z i_o say_v already_o beside_o the_o royal_a burgh_n two_o other_o sort_n viz._n burrough_n of_o regality_n and_o burrough_n of_o barony_n who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n but_o not_o in_o capite_fw-la or_o else_o of_o some_o bishop_n or_o temporal_a lord_n and_o though_o divers_a of_o these_o be_v considerable_a for_o trade_n and_o riches_n yet_o none_o of_o they_o send_v any_o burgess_n to_o parliament_n so_o that_o though_o i_o confess_v there_o be_v three_o estate_n in_o the_o scotch_a parliament_n call_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o k._n david_n and_o robert_n the_o 2_o d_o the_o treâ_n communitates_fw-la regni_fw-la yet_o do_v these_o always_o consist_v of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la only_o who_o therefore_o sit_v together_o and_o make_v but_o one_o assembly_n now_o that_o we_o may_v apply_v what_o have_v be_v say_v to_o england_n i_o desire_v you_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o doctor_n and_o we_o that_o be_v of_o his_o opinion_n do_v not_o positive_o affirm_v that_o that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v not_o at_o all_o represent_v before_o 49_o hen._n 4._o but_o that_o they_o be_v not_o represent_v in_o parliament_n by_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n of_o their_o own_o choice_n but_o by_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o i_o grant_v be_v not_o lord_n and_o admit_v that_o i_o shall_v grant_v you_o that_o some_o city_n and_o burrough_n send_v member_n to_o parliament_n before_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o yet_o be_v they_o only_o such_o as_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o no_o other_o as_o the_o doctor_n have_v very_o well_o observe_v in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p_n argument_n from_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o town_n of_o st._n alban_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n there_o will_v be_v no_o more_o gain_v by_o you_o in_o this_o controversy_n than_o that_o perhaps_o some_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n appear_v in_o parliament_n and_o constitute_v a_o three_o sort_n of_o man_n which_o you_o may_v call_v the_o commons_o if_o you_o please_v though_o i_o can_v find_v they_o be_v so_o call_v till_o after_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o but_o suppose_v this_o to_o be_v so_o it_o be_v very_o far_o from_o your_o republican_n level_v opinion_n who_o do_v suppose_v that_o all_o the_o freeholder_n of_o england_n have_v a_o ancient_a indisputable_a right_n of_o appear_v in_o parliament_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o propriety_n in_o land_n or_o other_o estate_n whereas_o by_o our_o hypothesis_n we_o suppose_v the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n to_o have_v ancient_o be_v the_o king_n courtbaron_n consist_v of_o his_o immediate_a tenant_n call_v thither_o by_o he_o their_o supreme_a lord_n to_o advertise_v he_o of_o the_o grievance_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o to_o propose_v what_o new_a law_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o commonweal_n and_o together_o with_o he_o to_o raise_v such_o public_a tax_n both_o upon_o themselves_o and_o their_o tenant_n as_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o state_n require_v yet_o notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n between_o your_o notion_n and_o i_o concern_v the_o right_n which_o such_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la may_v claim_v of_o come_v to_o parliament_n since_o before_o king_n john_n charter_n whereby_o
i_o grant_v all_o the_o lesser_a baron_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v to_o be_v summonld_v by_o the_o sheriff_n to_o come_v to_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o king_n may_v have_v only_o call_v some_o of_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a of_o they_o and_o such_o as_o he_o think_v most_o fit_a to_o advise_v he_o in_o make_v law_n and_o impose_v tax_n upon_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o like_a prerogative_n his_o son_n henry_n the_o three_o resume_v during_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o from_o divers_a old_a statute_n by_o and_o by_o p._n and_o that_o our_o king_n do_v often_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o call_v who_o they_o please_v and_o omit_v who_o they_o please_v of_o these_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la may_v appear_v by_o those_o who_o be_v call_v pares_fw-la baronum_fw-la or_o alios_fw-la magnates_fw-la who_o be_v put_v after_o the_o baron_n and_o of_o these_o there_o be_v many_o instance_n of_o their_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o again_o omit_v in_o several_a king_n reign_v after_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n as_o represent_v as_o at_o this_o day_n f._n i_o must_v beg_v your_o pardon_n if_o i_o can_v come_v over_o to_o your_o opinion_n notwithstanding_o what_o you_o now_o have_v say_v since_o i_o do_v not_o find_v your_o reason_n to_o come_v up_o to_o what_o you_o intend_v therein_o for_o you_o only_o suppose_v but_o without_o any_o proof_n that_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la must_v signify_v only_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la in_o the_o ancient_a scotish_n charter_n and_o statute_n all_o the_o argument_n you_o bring_v to_o the_o contrary_n be_v that_o i_o can_v show_v you_o any_o law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v alter_v to_o what_o it_o be_v now_o and_o therefore_o that_o the_o constitution_n have_v be_v always_o the_o same_o as_o at_o this_o day_n now_o pray_v consider_v whether_o this_o will_v not_o press_v altogether_o as_o hard_o upon_o you_o in_o relation_n 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no_o baron_n represent_v only_o themselves_o and_o not_o the_o commons_o but_o how_o this_o will_v agree_v with_o what_o he_o say_v in_o his_o introduction_n that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o have_v no_o share_n in_o make_v law_n etc._n etc._n before_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o unless_o they_o be_v represent_v by_o thd_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o if_o so_o must_v then_o certain_o represent_v those_o that_o he_o here_o call_v the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n collective_o take_v but_o as_o for_o your_o notion_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o king_n court_n baron_n though_o you_o have_v borrow_v it_o of_o a_o learned_a scotch_a lawyer_n sir_n george_n meââensy_n yet_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o it_o be_v never_o true_a for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n both_o in_o england_n and_o scotland_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a than_o the_o tennre_n of_o land_n by_o knight_n service_n or_o then_o the_o very_a 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without_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o peer_n divers_a of_o who_o it_o seem_v the_o king_n have_v for_o some_o reason_n then_o omit_v to_o summon_v but_o as_o for_o your_o instance_n of_o the_o baron_n peer_n or_o alios_fw-la magnates_fw-la which_o be_v sometime_o summon_v and_o sametimes_o omit_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o our_o three_o edwards_n you_o do_v well_o to_o put_v in_o that_o it_o be_v after_o the_o time_n that_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n for_o indeed_o it_o be_v only_o after_o that_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la have_v leave_v off_o make_v a_o distinct_a council_n by_o themselves_o which_o i_o suppose_v be_v about_o the_o end_n of_o henry_n iii_o reign_n and_o then_o it_o be_v true_a the_o king_n call_v several_a of_o these_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o also_o other_o that_o be_v not_o so_o by_o writ_n to_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n as_o pares_fw-la baronum_fw-la i._n e._n not_o as_o real_a baron_n but_o barons-peer_n since_o a_o baâe_a summons_n 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that_o will_v not_o pay_v scot_n and_o lot_n in_o divers_a burrough_n town_n be_v utter_o exclude_v from_o give_v their_o vote_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o parliament_n man_n and_o consequent_o from_o have_v any_o representatives_n in_o parliament_n though_o sure_a as_o much_o freeman_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o this_o either_o by_o general_a statute_n or_o else_o by_o the_o particular_a charter_n and_o custom_n of_o those_o city_n town_n and_o burrough_n all_o which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o good_a and_o lawful_a representative_n of_o those_o city_n and_o burrough_n so_o that_o i_o be_o clear_o of_o the_o doctor_n be_v opinion_n 68_o that_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o well_o those_o who_o be_v baron_n as_o those_o that_o be_v not_o only_o represent_v themselves_o and_o not_o the_o commons_o as_o be_v as_o you_o true_o observe_v never_o choose_v by_o the_o people_n and_o as_o no_o man_n can_v believe_v that_o a_o great_a lord_n or_o bishop_n can_v represent_v 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show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o but_o first_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o your_o reply_n to_o what_o i_o have_v now_o say_v be_v very_o fallacious_a and_o in_o some_o point_n mistake_v as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o our_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n be_v in_o their_o first_o institution_n the_o main_a body_n or_o representative_a of_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o though_o it_o may_v by_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n to_o deviate_v from_o that_o institution_n yet_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v attribute_v either_o to_o some_o prevail_a custom_n or_o else_o positive_a law_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n all_o the_o free_a holder_n of_o england_n have_v a_o right_a of_o come_v to_o parliament_n in_o person_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o libre_fw-la tenens_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la &_o ingenuus_n be_v synonimous_a and_o of_o the_o same_o 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power_n as_o well_o as_o in_o give_v of_o tax_n and_o since_o all_o such_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n not_o be_v able_a to_o come_v in_o person_n as_o the_o freeholders_n can_v be_v represent_v either_o by_o their_o chief_a magistrate_n call_v their_o alderman_n or_o else_o by_o burgess_n of_o their_o own_o choose_n as_o at_o this_o day_n so_o that_o all_o freedom_n or_o ingenuity_n be_v in_o this_o as_o in_o all_o other_o commonwealth_n reckon_v per_fw-la censum_fw-la by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o owner_n our_o common_a council_n be_v and_o that_o true_o the_o representative_n not_o only_o of_o the_o estate_n but_o person_n of_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o i_o be_o so_o far_o of_o the_o doctor_n be_v opinion_n that_o the_o cheorl_n folk_n as_o they_o be_v then_o term_v be_v little_o better_a than_o the_o scotch_a vassal_n or_o
that_o that_o dr._n have_v with_o so_o much_o artifice_v put_v upon_o they_o still_o use_v they_o like_o charm_n to_o bewitch_v and_o impose_v upon_o his_o unwary_a reader_n especial_o since_o a_o right_a notion_n of_o these_o word_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o right_a understanding_n the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o our_o ancient_a english_a historian_n ãâ¦ã_z after_o all_o this_o pother_n the_o dr._n make_v about_o the_o signification_n of_o those_o word_n populus_fw-la plebs_fw-la &_o vulgus_fw-la as_o synonimous_a as_o he_o grant_v they_o to_o be_v they_o must_v all_o signify_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n as_o well_o the_o commons_o as_o the_o lord_n represent_v in_o parliament_n by_o his_o own_o confession_n or_o else_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o yourself_o to_o consider_v who_o of_o the_o two_o be_v guilty_a of_o level_v notion_n your_o dr._n or_o mr._n p._n since_o one_o do_v but_o allert_fw-la with_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o ancient_n and_o 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but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v i_o tell_v you_o you_o have_v not_o be_v yet_o so_o clear_a in_o your_o explanation_n of_o the_o other_o opposite_a word_n populus_fw-la for_o admit_v i_o shall_v grant_v you_o that_o there_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n commons_o in_o parliament_n as_o represent_v by_o the_o lesser_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o be_v not_o lord_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o there_o must_v have_v be_v another_o rank_n or_o order_n of_o person_n beneath_o or_o different_a from_o they_o since_o as_o i_o say_v it_o be_v but_o how_o it_o be_v only_a the_o custom_n and_o law_n of_o each_o country_n that_o can_v determine_v what_o be_v the_o community_n or_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o people_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o certain_a analogy_n between_o the_o clerus_fw-la when_o take_v for_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o the_o populus_fw-la when_o take_v for_o the_o lesser_a nobility_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la since_o in_o scotland_n though_o their_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n may_v consist_v of_o the_o abbot_n and_o inferior_a clergy_n as_o with_o we_o who_o do_v not_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la yet_o you_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o temporal_a estate_n or_o laity_n at_o least_o of_o late_a age_n whole_o consist_v of_o the_o earl_n baron_n laird_n or_o small_a baron_n together_o with_o the_o burgess_n of_o royal_a borought_n all_o which_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o for_o aught_o as_o i_o can_v see_v from_o any_o clear_a proof_n you_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o contrary_n do_v so_o from_o time_n beyond_o all_o memory_n and_o so_o it_o may_v have_v be_v in_o england_n too_o for_o aught_o as_o i_o know_v for_o though_o you_o have_v take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o answer_v the_o dr_n and_o my_o argument_n against_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v the_o representatives_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o parliament_n before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o 18_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o also_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o word_n make_v use_v of_o in_o our_o ancient_a historian_n record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v of_o a_o more_o comprehensive_a signification_n than_o to_o be_v confine_v to_o they_o alone_o but_o you_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o prove_v that_o these_o gentleman_n who_o you_o suppose_v to_o have_v have_v place_n in_o our_o great_a council_n beside_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n or_o whether_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n or_o great_a freeholder_n in_o england_n appear_v there_o in_o person_n for_o themselves_o and_o their_o under_a tenant_n therefore_o i_o pray_v be_v a_o little_a more_o clear_a in_o this_o point_n and_o show_v i_o some_o authority_n that_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n have_v be_v always_o constituent_a member_n of_o parliament_n ever_o since_o the_o conquest_n for_o methinks_v you_o waver_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o sometime_o you_o seem_v to_o assert_v the_o former_a and_o sometime_o the_o latter_a f._n i_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o my_o humour_n to_o be_v positive_a in_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o the_o least_o doubtful_a or_o obscure_a and_o therefore_o as_o i_o will_v not_o maintain_v that_o knight_n of_o shire_n always_o a_o constituent_a part_n of_o parliament_n before_o your_o conquest_n or_o present_o be_v after_o though_o it_o be_v positive_o assert_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la since_o the_o antiquity_n of_o that_o piece_n be_v just_o question_v by_o mr._n selden_n and_o other_o modern_a antiquary_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o shall_v not_o assert_v that_o they_o be_v not_o there_o at_o all_o but_o this_o much_o i_o think_v i_o be_o able_a to_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n long_o before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o or_o 18_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o but_o as_o for_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n that_o they_o have_v their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n at_o or_o present_o after_o your_o conquest_n i_o think_v i_o can_v prove_v from_o as_o undeniable_a testimony_n as_o can_v be_v expect_v since_o all_o the_o most_o ancient_a roll_n and_o record_n of_o great_a council_n and_o parliament_n be_v long_o since_o lose_v and_o destroy_v yet_o to_o show_v you_o that_o we_o have_v some_o very_a ancient_a author_n that_o seem_v to_o mention_v not_o only_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n but_o knight_n of_o shire_n to_o have_v be_v summon_v before_o the_o time_n you_o insist_v upon_o and_o if_o it_o prove_v so_o whether_o they_o be_v there_o from_o the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o conquest_n be_v not_o material_a since_o if_o i_o confute_v your_o and_o your_o dr_n opinion_n of_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o 18_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o i_o carry_v the_o cause_n and_o you_o may_v then_o invent_v if_o you_o can_v some_o other_o epocha_n whereon_o to_o fix_v their_o first_o appear_v at_o our_o great_a council_n i_o shall_v therefore_o give_v you_o another_o quotation_n out_o of_o the_o same_o old_a monk_n sulcardus_n which_o immediate_o follow_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o k._n william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n but_o now_o cite_v and_o it_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o not_o only_o by_o mr._n p._n in_o his_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o etc._n etc._n but_o by_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n himself_o in_o his_o origines_fw-la juridiciale_n as_o also_o by_o the_o author_n of_o argumentum_fw-la aâtinormaunicum_n to_o prove_v the_o commons_o to_o have_v be_v summon_v to_o a_o great_a council_n in_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o k._n william_n the_o first_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1075._o the_o word_n as_o cite_v in_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n be_v these_o that_o after_o the_o king_n have_v subscribe_v his_o name_n to_o this_o charter_n with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n add_v many_o of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o temporal_a nobility_n instead_o of_o cum_fw-la multis_fw-la aliis_fw-la have_v these_o word_n multis_fw-la praeterea_fw-la illustrissimis_fw-la virorum_fw-la personis_fw-la &_o regni_fw-la principibus_fw-la diversi_fw-la ordinis_fw-la omissis_fw-la qui_fw-la huic_fw-la confirmationi_fw-la piisimo_fw-la affectu_fw-la testes_fw-la &_o âautores_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la hii_n autem_fw-la illo_fw-la tempore_fw-la à _fw-la regius_fw-la potestate_fw-la diversis_fw-la provinciis_fw-la &_o urbibus_fw-la ad_fw-la universalem_fw-la synodum_fw-la pro_fw-la causis_fw-la cujuslibet_fw-la christiane_n ecclesâe_fw-la audiendis_fw-la &_o tractandis_fw-la ad_fw-la praescriptum_fw-la celeberriumum_fw-la coenobium_fw-la quod_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la dicitur_fw-la convoceti_n now_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v from_o this_o author_n provincia_n that_o mr._n selden_n in_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n do_v render_v provincia_n for_o a_o county_n or_o shire_n m._n i_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v
be_v the_o bishop_n the_o nobility_n and_o civitatum_fw-la delegati_fw-la the_o deputy_n or_o commissioner_n of_o town_n and_o city_n for_o sweden_n it_o come_v near_o the_o government_n and_o form_n of_o danemark_n and_o have_v the_o same_o estate_n and_o degree_n of_o people_n as_o among_o the_o dane_n that_o be_v to_o say_v proceres_fw-la &_o nobiles_fw-la the_o great_a and_o the_o less_o nobility_n episcopi_fw-la &_o ecclesiastici_fw-la the_o bishop_n and_o inferior_a clergy_n civitates_fw-la &_o vniversitates_fw-la the_o city_n and_o town_n corporate_a for_o so_o i_o think_v he_o mean_v by_o vniversitates_fw-la as_o tâuanus_n muster_v they_o 131._o to_o which_o we_o may_v also_o add_v though_o here_o omit_v by_o this_o author_n the_o delegate_n of_o the_o rustic_n or_o husbandman_n who_o make_v a_o four_o estate_n in_o the_o assembly_n of_o estate_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o in_o this_o realm_n the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n enjoy_v the_o place_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n notwithstanding_o the_o alteration_n of_o religion_n to_o this_o very_a day_n the_o bishop_n in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o the_o clergy_n out_o of_o every_o sochen_n a_o division_n like_o our_o rural_a deanery_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o rest_n have_v a_o necessary_a vote_n in_o all_o their_o parliament_n and_n this_v swedish_n great_a council_n be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o it_o come_v very_o near_o our_o constitution_n in_o england_n in_o which_o i_o prove_v the_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o the_o commons_o not_o except_v the_o mean_a freeholder_n ancient_o have_v their_o representative_n so_o that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o strange_a thing_n that_o can_v have_v be_v observe_v in_o all_o the_o political_a constitution_n on_o this_o side_n of_o europe_n if_o that_o of_o england_n though_o descend_v from_o the_o same_o gothick_n original_a and_o found_v according_a to_o the_o same_o model_n shall_v have_v have_v no_o representative_n for_o the_o commons_o or_o plebian_n in_o their_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n the_o dr._n here_o conclude_v with_o scotland_n and_o england_n the_o former_a of_o which_o since_o you_o agree_v to_o have_v have_v from_o all_o time_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n in_o their_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n i_o need_v not_o repeat_v what_o be_v there_o since_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o you_o yourself_o have_v grant_v and_o as_o for_o england_n he_o own_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o passage_n i_o have_v already_o cite_v out_o of_o this_o chapter_n 193._o that_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n be_v call_v to_o a_o parliament_n hold_v under_o henry_n the_o ad_fw-la at_o clerkânwell_n m_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o there_o be_v representative_n of_o the_o city_n and_o great_a town_n in_o the_o great_a council_n or_o assembly_n of_o estate_n of_o all_o those_o kingdom_n you_o have_v now_o mention_v out_o of_o dr._n heylins_n treatise_n yet_o whether_o they_o be_v there_o from_o the_o very_a first_o institution_n of_o those_o government_n be_v much_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o since_o i_o have_v not_o now_o leisure_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o original_a of_o all_o these_o kingdom_n nor_o at_o what_o time_n each_o state_n begin_v to_o come_v to_o these_o great_a council_n give_v i_o leave_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o remark_n that_o all_o these_o kingdom_n except_o sweden_n come_v near_o to_o that_o constitution_n which_o we_o suppose_v to_o have_v be_v ancient_o in_o england_n and_o scotland_n and_o also_o other_o kingdom_n where_o feudatory_a tenor_n be_v observe_v and_o consequent_o none_o but_o the_o chief_a lord_n or_o baron_n by_o knight_n service_n 96._o and_o that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n so_o that_o all_o those_o foreign_a council_n or_o dyeâs_n etc._n etc._n at_o first_o be_v all_o the_o same_o as_o consist_v of_o emperor_n or_o king_n with_o their_o earl_n and_o baron_n bishop_n and_o great_a officer_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o all_o the_o old_a german_a and_o french_a author_n and_o since_o city_n send_v deputy_n in_o germany_n and_o italy_n 126._o they_o be_v only_o from_o imperial_a city_n the_o like_a i_o believe_v will_v be_v find_v in_o france_n and_o those_o other_o kingdom_n you_o have_v now_o mention_v but_o you_o can_v show_v i_o unless_o in_o sweden_n any_o representative_n elect_v by_o the_o common_a people_n or_o rustic_n distinct_a from_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n like_o our_o knight_n of_o shire_n in_o england_n so_o that_o i_o still_o doubt_v whether_o all_o the_o representative_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o other_o nobility_n that_o appear_v in_o the_o council_n of_o these_o kingdom_n be_v not_o all_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o no_o other_o f._n that_o this_o be_v a_o mere_a surmise_n of_o you_o i_o think_v i_o can_v easy_o prove_v for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n as_o for_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o clergy_n who_o still_o make_v the_o first_o estate_n in_o all_o these_o kingdom_n nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a than_o that_o they_o never_o any_o of_o they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o ãâã_d in_o their_o great_a council_n by_o that_o tenure_n that_o institution_n be_v for_o aught_o as_o i_o know_v peculiar_a to_o england_n and_o introduce_v by_o your_o conqueror_n as_o you_o yourself_o acknowledge_v and_o as_o for_o the_o temporal_a nobility_n you_o will_v find_v that_o in_o france_n not_o only_o those_o nobleman_n that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o military_a service_n but_o those_o who_o hold_v in_o libero_fw-la alodio_n without_o any_o such_o service_n at_o all_o have_v place_n either_o by_o themselves_o or_o their_o deputy_n in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n so_o likewise_o for_o the_o city_n and_o town_n that_o send_v deputy_n to_o it_o i_o believe_v you_o will_v not_o find_v that_o any_o of_o they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o to_o come_v to_o germany_n you_o be_v likewise_o as_o much_o mistake_v in_o fancy_v that_o all_o the_o imperial_a city_n be_v subject_a immediate_o to_o the_o emperor_n before_o they_o become_v so_o for_o hamburgh_n and_o lubec_n be_v subject_a to_o their_o own_o prince_n the_o former_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n and_o sleswic_n and_o the_o latter_a to_o earl_n of_o its_o own_o till_o at_o last_o they_o either_o purchase_v their_o liberty_n they_o enjoy_v from_o their_o prince_n or_o else_o cast_v they_o off_o and_o be_v after_o receive_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o diet_n by_o the_o bull_n or_o charter_n of_o several_a emperor_n 30._o and_o so_o likewise_o brunswick_n be_v always_o a_o fââe_a city_n till_o it_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o empire_n by_o its_o own_o consent_n i_o can_v show_v you_o the_o like_a of_o several_a other_o city_n now_o call_v imperial_a who_o hold_v ancient_o not_o of_o the_o emperor_n but_o either_o of_o their_o own_o earl_n or_o bishop_n though_o i_o grant_v it_o be_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o emperor_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n that_o give_v they_o a_o place_n in_o those_o assembly_n and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o these_o kingdom_n the_o mere_a rustic_n or_o paisant_n have_v no_o representative_n in_o their_o great_a council_n yet_o this_o make_v no_o alteration_n in_o the_o case_n if_o you_o please_v to_o consider_v it_o for_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n be_v the_o only_a true_a and_o proper_a owner_n of_o the_o land_n of_o those_o kingdom_n all_o the_o rustic_n or_o paisant_n be_v mere_a vassal_n and_o in_o france_n almost_o slave_n to_o their_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n who_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v have_v all_o alike_a vote_n in_o their_o assembly_n of_o estate_n as_o well_o those_o who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a by_o knight_n service_n as_o those_o that_o do_v not_o whereas_o it_o be_v always_o far_o otherwise_o in_o england_n where_o the_o mean_a freeholder_n be_v 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assert_v that_o the_o disposal_n of_o the_o militia_n or_o military_a force_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v be_v even_o so_o absolute_o in_o the_o king_n power_n and_o at_o his_o disposal_n that_o no_o man_n can_v without_o be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n take_v up_o arm_n whether_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a without_o his_o commission_n to_o authorise_v he_o to_o do_v it_o so_o that_o no_o government_n in_o the_o world_n be_v more_o averse_a to_o all_o forcible_a resistance_n than_o our_o own_o the_o king_n have_v be_v even_o from_o your_o time_n beyond_o memory_n so_o full_o possess_v of_o the_o whole_a militia_n or_o power_n of_o raise_v offensive_a or_o defensive_a arm_n in_o this_o kingdom_n that_o it_o be_v express_o forbid_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o seven_o ed._n i._o against_o come_v to_o parliament_n and_o treatise_n with_o force_n of_o arm_n in_o which_o the_o king_n set_v forth_o that_o in_o the_o last_o parliament_n the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o the_o 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interpretation_n of_o it_o you_o may_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_a treason_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n person_n but_o to_o take_v arm_n to_o make_v any_o reformation_n or_o alteration_n in_o church_n or_o state_n without_o the_o king_n authority_n nor_o can_v any_o subject_n of_o england_n justify_v the_o take_a arm_n upon_o any_o account_n whatsoever_o unless_o it_o be_v by_o the_o king_n commission_n and_o therefore_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o the_o case_n of_o dr._n story_n report_n who_o be_v execute_v for_o treason_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n do_v with_o one_o consent_n agree_v that_o the_o very_a consultation_n concern_v make_v war_n against_o the_o queen_n shall_v be_v interpret_v a_o make_v war_n against_o her_o person_n and_o suppose_v a_o design_n against_o her_o life_n so_o that_o nothing_o seem_v plain_a to_o i_o than_o that_o by_o the_o ancient_n as_o well_o as_o modern_a law_n of_o england_n all_o defensive_a as_o 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13_o of_o charles_n the_o second_o for_o the_o militia_n never_o intend_v thereby_o to_o enable_v or_o leave_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o that_o king_n or_o his_o successor_n to_o make_v this_o kingdom_n a_o absolute_a despotic_a monarchy_n instead_o of_o a_o limit_a one_o as_o they_o must_v have_v do_v have_v they_o declare_v that_o the_o king_n and_o those_o commissioned_n by_o he_o may_v do_v what_o they_o please_v with_o the_o religion_n life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o that_o it_o be_v treason_n to_o resist_v in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o sure_o they_o can_v not_o but_o remember_v that_o commission_n of_o sir_n phelim_n oneal_n in_o the_o year_n 41._o whereby_o he_o pretend_v to_o be_v impower_v to_o drive_v the_o english_a protestant_n out_o of_o ireland_n and_o to_o set_v up_o the_o popish_a religion_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o restore_v the_o irish_a to_o their_o estate_n and_o sure_o divers_a of_o they_o can_v not_o be_v unmindful_a that_o this_o be_v to_o give_v away_o all_o right_n of_o self-defence_n in_o case_n any_o future_a king_n shall_v by_o his_o own_o innate_a tyrannical_a temper_n or_o the_o evil_a counsel_n of_o wicked_a man_n be_v persuade_v to_o use_v force_n upon_o the_o person_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o either_o whilst_o they_o be_v actual_o sit_v or_o in_o their_o passage_n to_o the_o new_a house_n since_o by_o this_o act_n or_o oath_n if_o understand_v in_o your_o sense_n they_o must_v have_v bar_v themselves_o and_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o all_o right_n of_o self-defence_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o though_o of_o the_o great_a extremity_n and_o therefore_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o intent_n of_o this_o parliament_n be_v to_o leave_v thing_n as_o they_o find_v they_o and_o as_o it_o be_v absolute_o unlawful_a for_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n so_o it_o be_v also_o as_o unlawful_a in_o he_o or_o those_o 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consequence_n of_o this_o law_n if_o never_o so_o strict_o take_v they_o be_v not_o so_o bad_a as_o you_o be_v please_v to_o fancy_n for_o as_o to_o your_o instance_n of_o sir_n phelim_n oneal_n pretend_a commission_n from_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o you_o may_v be_v very_o well_o satisfy_v that_o it_o be_v a_o notorious_a piece_n of_o forgery_n since_o beside_o that_o good_a king_n be_v constant_a denial_n of_o any_o such_o commission_n grant_v by_o he_o sir_n phelim_n when_o he_o come_v to_o suffer_v in_o ireland_n for_o raise_v that_o horrid_a rebellion_n do_v voluntary_o at_o the_o gallow_n acknowledge_v that_o he_o have_v forge_v it_o himself_o by_o put_v the_o seal_n of_o a_o old_a patent_n which_o he_o have_v by_o he_o to_o that_o pretend_a commission_n you_o now_o mention_v nor_o indeed_o can_v it_o ever_o enter_v into_o my_o head_n that_o any_o king_n shall_v grant_v a_o commission_n to_o destroy_v or_o make_v war_n upon_o his_o people_n as_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v 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that_o it_o hardly_o come_v under_o the_o consideration_n of_o a_o bare_a possibility_n but_o however_o let_v the_o worst_a that_o can_v be_v happen_v i_o be_o very_a well_o satisfy_v that_o the_o parliament_n be_v then_o so_o thorough_o convince_v of_o the_o mischief_n have_v befall_v this_o nation_n by_o this_o republican_n doctrine_n of_o resistance_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o best_a constitute_v church_n and_o government_n in_o the_o world_n as_o also_o of_o the_o murder_n of_o one_o of_o the_o best_a prince_n that_o ever_o reign_v that_o they_o be_v resolve_v rather_o to_o trust_v to_o the_o coronation_n oath_n and_o innate_a goodness_n of_o our_o present_a and_o future_a king_n than_o to_o suppose_v any_o war_n can_v be_v lawful_o make_v against_o they_o upon_o any_o account_n whatsoever_o which_o will_v have_v be_v express_o contrary_a not_o only_o to_o
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crown_n from_o the_o title_n of_o the_o first_o conqueror_n shall_v go_v about_o to_o take_v away_o all_o those_o liberty_n nay_o our_o very_a religion_n and_o property_n too_o from_o we_o but_o i_o have_v not_o time_n to_o pursue_v this_o argument_n further_o now_o and_o therefore_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o another_o opportunity_n f._n as_o for_o what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v concern_v william_n the_o first_o be_v have_v no_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o what_o he_o owe_v to_o his_o sword_n be_v false_a in_o matter_n of_o fact_n it_o be_v more_o than_o that_o prince_n himself_o ever_o assert_v or_o pretend_v to_o and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n as_o for_o your_o dr_n prove_v he_o a_o absolute_a conqueror_n over_o the_o english_a nation_n suppose_v he_o have_v do_v it_o which_o yet_o i_o positive_o deny_v yet_o will_v not_o this_o serve_v to_o do_v the_o business_n for_o which_o the_o doctor_n urge_v it_o viz._n to_o set_v up_o a_o arbitrary_a irresistible_a power_n in_o that_o king_n and_o all_o his_o successor_n but_o may_v be_v urge_v against_o he_o to_o a_o quite_o contrary_a purpose_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o more_o at_o large_a whenever_o you_o please_v to_o discourse_v far_o upon_o that_o subject_a and_o as_o for_o all_o those_o thing_n we_o call_v legal_a our_o right_n and_o privilege_n which_o you_o say_v be_v whole_o grant_v we_o by_o the_o charter_n of_o his_o successor_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o to_o be_v false_a in_o matter_n of_o fact_n at_o our_o five_o meeting_n where_o i_o show_v you_o that_o the_o english_a nation_n have_v the_o same_o liberty_n as_o to_o their_o person_n and_o property_n in_o their_o estate_n before_o your_o pretend_a conquest_n as_o they_o enjoy_v afterward_o and_o that_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v but_o the_o recital_n and_o confirmation_n of_o our_o ancient_a english_a law_n as_o mat._n paris_n affirm_v in_o the_o place_n i_o here_o former_o cite_v but_o admit_v these_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n you_o mention_n have_v be_v owe_v to_o the_o favour_n and_o bounty_n of_o former_a king_n yet_o can_v i_o see_v no_o rebellion_n or_o ingratitude_n the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v guilty_a of_o if_o they_o keep_v and_o defend_v they_o now_o they_o have_v they_o but_o will_v rather_o betray_v a_o servile_a base_a spirit_n if_o we_o part_v with_o they_o for_o since_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n concern_v all_o grant_n as_o well_o from_o the_o crown_n as_o private_a person_n that_o they_o ought_v so_o to_o enure_v ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la quem_fw-la pereat_fw-la i._n e._n that_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o grant_n be_v be_v make_v may_v not_o lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o it_o when_o ever_o the_o grantor_n please_v therefore_o it_o be_v also_o a_o rule_n in_o such_o grant_n that_o they_o be_v still_o to_o be_v interpret_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o grantee_n against_o the_o grantor_n and_o also_o that_o the_o grantee_n shall_v not_o be_v leave_v without_o some_o mean_n or_o remedy_n of_o keep_v and_o defend_v his_o right_n against_o the_o grantor_n whenever_o he_o go_v about_o to_o take_v it_o away_o nor_o do_v i_o know_v any_o exception_n there_o be_v for_o the_o king_n grant_n more_o than_o those_o of_o private_a subject_n 17._o since_o both_o bracton_n and_o flita_n tell_v we_o non_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la rege_fw-la major_a in_o exhibitione_n juris_fw-la minimus_fw-la autem_fw-la esse_fw-la debet_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la suscipiendo_fw-la si_fw-la pecatur_fw-la which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o true_a read_n of_o that_o place_n and_o not_o peccat_fw-la parcat_fw-la or_o petat_fw-la as_o divers_a copy_n have_v it_o that_o be_v as_o the_o king_n be_v the_o great_a in_o distribute_v of_o right_a or_o law_n to_o his_o subject_n so_o ought_v he_o to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o least_o of_o they_o in_o submit_v to_o right_a judgement_n if_o he_o be_v petition_v to_o and_o that_o it_o be_v require_v of_o he_o either_o of_o which_o sense_n this_o word_n will_v well_o bear_v but_o if_o he_o absolute_o refuse_v to_o do_v this_o but_o will_v take_v away_o their_o right_n and_o liberty_n by_o force_n and_o will_v deny_v they_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n what_o other_o remedy_n be_v there_o leave_v they_o but_o a_o general_a resistance_n since_o otherwise_o the_o king_n may_v alter_v the_o government_n and_o take_v away_o all_o our_o legal_a right_n and_o liberty_n whenever_o he_o please_v m._n i_o confess_v this_o dispute_n concern_v the_o resistance_n of_o those_o commission_v by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n be_v the_o sole_a legislator_n and_o original_a of_o all_o the_o civil_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n we_o now_o enjoy_v have_v carry_v we_o from_o the_o main_a point_n in_o this_o
still_o in_o god_n hand_n even_o when_o we_o fall_v under_o the_o power_n of_o thief_n and_o robber_n but_o be_v our_o safety_n then_o so_o great_a as_o when_o we_o be_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n or_o may_v we_o not_o get_v from_o they_o by_o force_n if_o we_o be_v able_a 107._o especial_o if_o what_o bracton_n tell_v we_o be_v true_a in_o these_o word_n in_o his_o three_o book_n exercere_fw-la igitur_fw-la debet_fw-la rex_fw-la potestatem_fw-la juris_fw-la sicut_fw-la dei_fw-la minister_n &_o vicarius_fw-la in_o terrà _fw-la quia_fw-la illa_fw-la potestas_fw-la solius_fw-la dei_fw-la est_fw-la potestas_fw-la autem_fw-la injuriae_fw-la diaboli_fw-la non_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o cujus_fw-la horum_fw-la operum_fw-la facit_fw-la rââ_n ejus_fw-la minister_n erit_fw-la cujus_fw-la borum_fw-la operum_fw-la facit_fw-la igitur_fw-la dum_fw-la tacit_n justitias_fw-la vicarius_fw-la est_fw-la regis_fw-la aeterni_fw-la minister_n autem_fw-la diaboli_fw-la cum_fw-la declinet_fw-la ad_fw-la injuriam_fw-la now_o pray_v tell_v i_o if_o the_o king_n can_v thus_o cease_v to_o be_v god_n lieutenant_n and_o become_v the_o devil_n officer_n whether_o he_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v under_o the_o power_n ordain_v by_o god_n or_o that_o we_o can_v be_v very_o safe_a in_o such_o hand_n i_o can_v very_o well_o see_v as_o for_o unnecessary_a war_n undertake_v without_o any_o such_o cause_n for_o mere_a pretence_n of_o liberty_n and_o the_o public_a good_a and_o which_o may_v have_v sometime_o cause_v many_o more_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n than_o those_o they_o pretend_v to_o cure_v mere_o do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o no_o war_n though_o against_o insupportable_a tyranny_n and_o for_o self-defence_n have_v never_o be_v nor_o may_v be_v undertake_v by_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n and_o that_o the_o state_n they_o be_v in_o after_o such_o a_o war_n be_v always_o much_o worse_a than_o it_o be_v before_o which_o be_v notorious_o false_a as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o so_o many_o instance_n i_o have_v give_v you_o from_o our_o own_o history_n as_o i_o can_v also_o show_v you_o from_o other_o country_n such_o as_o the_o swisser_n and_o dutch_a who_o have_v by_o defend_v their_o liberty_n when_o unjust_o oppress_v bring_v themselves_o into_o a_o state_n of_o plenty_n liberty_n and_o safety_n and_o therefore_o notwithstanding_o your_o make_v so_o light_a of_o man_n just_a right_n liberty_n and_o property_n there_o be_v certain_o such_o thing_n that_o distinguish_v a_o free_a people_n from_o slave_n as_o any_o who_o will_v but_o travel_v into_o france_n turkey_n or_o any_o other_o arbitrary_a government_n may_v easy_o satisfy_v themselves_o and_o if_o these_o thing_n ought_v to_o be_v real_o esteem_v as_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o the_o earthly_a happiness_n we_o enjoy_v then_o certain_o they_o may_v be_v defend_v and_o fight_v for_o and_o if_o in_o the_o purchase_n of_o they_o many_o man_n life_n happen_v to_o be_v lose_v this_o be_v no_o necessary_a consequence_n since_o such_o reformation_n be_v often_o bring_v about_o with_o very_a little_a bloodshed_n as_o appear_v by_o many_o instance_n i_o have_v now_o give_v of_o such_o resistance_n and_o may_v more_o evident_o appear_v by_o this_o late_a great_a and_o wonderful_a revolution_n but_o admit_v it_o shall_v happen_v as_o you_o say_v and_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o a_o nation_n shall_v be_v destroy_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n for_o their_o just_a right_n and_o liberty_n yet_o it_o be_v still_o upon_o your_o own_o topick_n better_a for_o mankind_n that_o ât_a shall_v be_v so_o if_o true_a liberty_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v from_o lawful_a authority_n may_v be_v but_o obtain_v at_o last_o thereby_o since_o life_n be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v only_o for_o mere_a live_n but_o live_v happy_o non_fw-la est_fw-la vivere_fw-la sed_fw-la valere_fw-la vita_fw-la and_o life_n be_v enjoy_v by_o slave_n in_o galley_n as_o much_o as_o by_o the_o great_a prince_n yet_o no_o rational_a man_n but_o will_v allow_v that_o man_n may_v venture_v their_o life_n rather_o than_o suffer_v themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n to_o fall_v into_o that_o miserable_a condition_n the_o like_a he_o may_v if_o they_o be_v only_o to_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o mere_a peasant_n in_o france_n or_o ordinary_a christian_n in_o turkey_n and_o if_o so_o i_o think_v i_o may_v then_o safe_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v better_a that_o half_o the_o people_n of_o any_o country_n shall_v be_v destroy_v by_o a_o civil_a war_n if_o their_o just_a right_n and_o liberty_n may_v be_v preserve_v to_o they_o and_o their_o child_n at_o the_o last_o than_o that_o slavery_n with_o all_o its_o consequence_n such_o as_o ignorance_n baseness_n of_o mind_n cowardice_n beggary_n etc._n etc._n shall_v ever_o be_v entail_v upon_o a_o nation_n for_o as_o for_o the_o loss_n of_o man_n it_o may_v be_v make_v up_o again_o in_o some_o generation_n but_o when_o man_n civil_a liberty_n and_o property_n be_v once_o lose_v they_o can_v without_o some_o rare_a and_o unexpected_a revolution_n be_v ever_o regain_v as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o subject_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o france_n turkey_n and_o muscovy_n etc._n etc._n at_o this_o day_n and_o therefore_o if_o you_o please_v better_a to_o consider_v the_o real_a liberty_n of_o a_o people_n such_o as_o we_o contend_v for_o be_v not_o that_o of_o schoolboy_n to_o be_v free_a from_o the_o lash_n of_o their_o master_n however_o that_o if_o such_o a_o discipline_n be_v to_o be_v exercise_v upon_o man_n all_o their_o lifetime_n i_o think_v no_o man_n but_o will_v say_v it_o be_v worth_a venture_v his_o life_n rather_o than_o to_o fall_v into_o so_o miserable_a a_o state_n so_o that_o what_o you_o cite_v from_o the_o poet_n lucan_n be_v only_o to_o be_v take_v as_o a_o poetical_a exclamation_n against_o the_o misery_n that_o civil_a war_n often_o bring_v upon_o a_o nation_n but_o to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v lucan_n opinion_n 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open_a to_o he_o be_v too_o timorous_a then_o to_o have_v put_v in_o any_o magistrate_n into_o corporation_n but_o such_o as_o be_v for_o the_o protestant_a religion_n as_o it_o stand_v by_o law_n establish_v and_o such_o however_o angry_a they_o may_v be_v with_o those_o they_o call_v whig_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o oppose_v the_o duke_n succession_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o i_o believe_v most_o of_o they_o will_v never_o have_v give_v up_o the_o freedom_n of_o election_n of_o parliament_n man_n or_o have_v do_v any_o thing_n to_o bring_v in_o popery_n among_o we_o so_o that_o as_o long_o as_o thing_n remain_v in_o this_o state_n there_o be_v some_o hope_n still_o lest_o of_o a_o redress_n of_o our_o grievance_n whenever_o a_o parliament_n have_v meet_v and_o that_o the_o nation_n be_v grow_v more_o cool_a and_o have_v come_v to_o itself_o again_o after_o those_o heat_n which_o have_v rise_v in_o the_o late_a parliament_n about_o the_o succession_n and_o other_o thing_n whereas_o 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his_o successor_n but_o if_o they_o will_v only_o insist_v upon_o their_o title_n by_o the_o sword_n without_o any_o precede_a or_o subsequent_a right_n they_o may_v be_v as_o lawful_o turn_v out_o again_o by_o the_o sword_n since_o it_o be_v own_a by_o all_o writer_n on_o this_o subject_a that_o a_o conqueror_n in_o a_o unjust_a war_n can_v obtain_v no_o right_n over_o a_o free_a people_n so_o much_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n i_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o point_n of_o right_n in_o law_n i_o grant_v indeed_o that_o a_o simple_a oath_n or_o pact_n between_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n and_o his_o subject_n to_o do_v or_o perform_v such_o or_o such_o a_o thing_n or_o to_o let_v they_o enjoy_v such_o and_o such_o privilege_n do_v not_o immediate_o give_v the_o people_n a_o power_n to_o compel_v such_o a_o monarch_n and_o his_o successor_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o the_o strict_a observance_n of_o they_o in_o case_n of_o a_o violation_n on_o his_o part_n but_o our_o 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city_n or_o county_n in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n edward_n and_o also_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o his_o father_n whereby_o his_o baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o taillage_n or_o tax_n and_o he_o also_o thereby_o restore_v to_o they_o the_o law_n of_o k._n edward_n with_o those_o emendation_n which_o his_o father_n have_v make_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o his_o baron_n now_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o k._n john_n be_v but_o a_o addition_n or_o rather_o explanation_n of_o this_o charter_n of_o k._n henry_n i._n which_o be_v at_o first_o demand_v by_o the_o baron_n to_o be_v again_o confirm_v by_o this_o king_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o stephen_n langton_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 241_o as_o mat._n paris_n show_v we_o at_o large_a now_o since_o neither_o k._n william_n the_o i._o nor_o his_o successor_n ever_o change_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n as_o to_o the_o legislative_a part_n of_o it_o as_o 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he_o be_v make_v king_n nor_o can_v i_o see_v how_o their_o take_n of_o land_n from_o he_o can_v make_v he_o become_v a_o absolute_a and_o irresistible_a monarch_n over_o they_o and_o their_o descendant_n so_o that_o if_o upon_o your_o supposition_n all_o the_o owner_n of_o land_n in_o england_n at_o this_o day_n hold_v their_o estate_n either_o by_o descent_n or_o purchase_n from_o those_o ancient_a norman_n or_o french_a proprietor_n they_o must_v also_o succeed_v to_o the_o same_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n as_o those_o under_o who_o they_o claim_v do_v former_o enjoy_v but_o before_o i_o conclude_v i_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o you_o have_v say_v against_o my_o proof_n of_o the_o formal_a election_n of_o king_n william_n for_o if_o the_o keep_n of_o a_o guard_n about_o the_o place_n where_o the_o king_n be_v elect_v and_o crown_v shall_v void_a the_o freedom_n of_o the_o election_n i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o election_n of_o any_o elective_a king_n or_o monarch_n 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prevail_a against_o harold_n m._n i_o do_v own_o with_o the_o learned_a dr._n b._n that_o the_o descendant_n of_o those_o ancient_a norman_a and_o freââh_a earl_n and_o baron_n than_o come_v in_o with_o the_o conqueror_n and_o their_o posterity_n afterward_o see_v the_o yoke_n of_o feudal_a tenor_n and_o other_o prerogative_n this_o king_n and_o his_o descendant_n exercise_v over_o they_o to_o press_v as_o hard_o upon_o they_o as_o the_o ancient_a english_a be_v those_o that_o make_v such_o a_o disturbance_n for_o their_o right_n and_o liberties_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o h._n john_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o though_o i_o grant_v their_o ancestor_n be_v never_o conquer_v and_o consequent_o can_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o he_o as_o to_o a_o conqueror_n ãâã_d may_v for_o all_o this_o maintain_v that_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n be_v as_o much_o bind_v to_o a_o absolute_a subjection_n without_o any_o resistance_n aâ_n the_o english_a who_o they_o conquer_v for_o they_o be_v 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nobility_n as_o a_o reward_n for_o their_o service_n and_o assistance_n though_o he_o may_v have_v some_o part_n to_o the_o english_a native_n and_o their_o heir_n yet_o so_o aâ_n that_o he_o alter_v the_o tenure_n and_o make_v it_o descend_v with_o such_o burden_n as_o he_o please_v to_o lay_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o as_o well_o âhis_v own_o countryman_n norman_n as_o those_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n who_o thus_o become_v subject_n and_o feudatary_n to_o he_o for_o all_o the_o land_n they_o possess_v in_o england_n since_o he_o be_v the_o only_a directus_fw-la dominus_fw-la or_o lord_n paramount_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v also_o his_o vassal_n and_o subject_n for_o in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o rebellion_n or_o death_n without_o heir_n those_o land_n be_v to_o return_v to_o he_o again_o and_o to_o be_v aâ_n his_o dispossal_n so_o that_o all_o subject_n as_o well_o norman_n as_o other_o foreigner_n who_o have_v land_n grant_v to_o they_o by_o the_o conqueror_n thus_o 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their_o good_a behaviour_n can_v be_v the_o probi_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la who_o serve_v upon_o jury_n to_o conclude_v if_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v as_o i_o think_v i_o have_v sufficient_o that_o k._n william_n take_v away_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o england_n and_o give_v they_o to_o norman_n and_o frenchman_n who_o be_v the_o only_a true_a freeman_n or_o freeholders_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o as_o such_o owe_v suit_n and_o service_n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o county_z court_n in_o which_o as_o you_o yourself_o set_v forth_o all_o the_o considerable_a action_n as_o well_o real_a as_o personal_n be_v then_o commence_v and_o try_v it_o will_v also_o follow_v that_o the_o suitor_n who_o be_v the_o judge_n in_o those_o court_n be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n at_o least_o frenchman_n all_o the_o trial_n and_o proceed_n therein_o must_v have_v be_v in_o french_a and_o not_o in_o english_a which_o be_v contrary_a to_o what_o you_o have_v undertake_v to_o prove_v f._n if_o this_o be_v all_o you_o have_v to_o object_v against_o what_o i_o have_v now_o say_v that_o all_o plead_n in_o the_o inferior_a court_n in_o the_o country_n must_v in_o the_o time_n of_o your_o conqueror_n have_v be_v in_o french_a and_o not_o in_o english_a i_o hope_v i_o shall_v give_v you_o very_o good_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v prove_v to_o you_o that_o the_o very_a same_o person_n who_o be_v the_o suitor_n or_o judge_n in_o the_o hundred_o court_n be_v also_o suitor_n in_o that_o of_o the_o county_n though_o they_o be_v of_o never_o so_o small_a estate_n of_o freehold_n and_o those_o that_o be_v thus_o judge_n in_o the_o hundred_o court_n be_v also_o the_o same_o person_n of_o which_o the_o low_a court_n viz_o that_o of_o the_o headborough_n or_o tythingman_n do_v consist_v appear_v by_o the_o very_a definition_n of_o a_o hundred_o as_o you_o may_v see_v it_o in_o sir_n h._n spelman_n glossary_a hundredus_fw-la est_fw-la autem_fw-la hundredus_fw-la portio_fw-la comitatus_fw-la quâ_fw-la olim_fw-la degebant_fw-la centum_fw-la pacis_fw-la regiae_fw-la fideiussores_fw-la uti_fw-la decuria_n quâ_fw-la decem_fw-la complexus_fw-la est_fw-la igitur_fw-la hundredus_fw-la decem_fw-la decurias_fw-la ut_fw-la centenarius_fw-la numerus_fw-la decies_fw-la denarium_fw-la now_o that_o the_o county_n court_n consist_v of_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o person_n of_o that_o of_o the_o hundred_o be_v also_o as_o certain_a since_o all_o england_n be_v then_o and_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o county_n hundred_o and_o tything_n so_o that_o as_o the_o hundred_o court_n consist_v of_o a_o hundred_o person_n who_o have_v all_o give_v pledge_n to_o the_o king_n so_o do_v the_o county_n court_n consist_v of_o all_o the_o freeholders_n or_o freeman_n of_o the_o several_a hundred_o of_o the_o county_n who_o all_o owe_v suit_n and_o service_n to_o the_o county_n court_n and_o as_o such_o be_v returnable_a upon_o jury_n in_o all_o trial_n in_o that_o court_n though_o they_o have_v never_o so_o small_a estate_n of_o freehold_n for_o there_o be_v no_o law_n that_o limit_v the_o estate_n of_o freeholders_n returnable_a upon_o juries_n on_o assize_n or_o trial_n to_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o forty_o shilling_n until_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n ii_o but_o that_o these_o suitor_n to_o the_o hundred_o court_n 38._o must_v have_v be_v for_o the_o most_o english_a in_o all_o your_o conqueror_n reign_v your_o dr._n have_v give_v we_o a_o sufficient_a testimony_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n a_n janus_n anglorum_fw-la p._n 35._o where_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o juror_n be_v ancient_o call_v test_n and_o often_o in_o doomesday-book_n it_o be_v thus_o sound_a testatur_fw-la hundredus_fw-la testae_fw-la hundredâ_fw-la the_o hundred_o witness_v that_o such_o land_n be_v such_o a_o man_n or_o by_o the_o witness_n of_o the_o hundred_o such_o land_n be_v a_o such_o man_n see_v the_o claim_v in_o yorkshire_n lincolnshire_n and_o suffolk_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n now_o the_o use_n that_o i_o shall_v make_v of_o these_o word_n of_o the_o drs._n be_v this_o that_o in_o many_o of_o these_o claim_v the_o issue_n be_v 201._o that_o such_o a_o one_o hold_v the_o land_n die_v quo_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la suis_fw-la vivus_fw-la &_o mortuus_fw-la now_o i_o desire_v you_o to_o tell_v i_o if_o the_o freeholder_a of_o the_o hundred_o be_v all_o stranger_n and_o norman_n at_o this_o time_n as_o your_o dr._n suppose_v they_o all_o be_v that_o serve_v on_o jurle_n in_o the_o hundred_o and_o county_z court_n how_o these_o man_n can_v testify_v who_o hold_v the_o land_n at_o the_o time_n of_o k._n edward_n death_n and_o by_o what_o service_n and_o i_o desire_v you_o to_o be_v please_v to_o read_v and_o consider_v the_o trial_n mention_v in_o doomesday-book_n between_o will._n the_o chornet_n and_o picot_n the_o sheriff_n where_o the_o proof_n be_v by_o the_o best_a and_o most_o ancient_a man_n of_o the_o whole_a county_n and_o hundred_o that_o this_o land_n in_o question_n belong_v to_o chornet_n per_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la svi_fw-la antecessoris_fw-la so_o that_o then_o the_o best_a and_o ancient_a freeholders_n of_o the_o county_n of_o berks_n be_v the_o same_o who_o be_v so_o in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n edward_n or_o else_o how_o can_v they_o witness_v this_o land_n to_o have_v be_v hold_v by_o chornet_n ancestor_n but_o because_o you_o have_v two_o or_o three_o small_a objection_n against_o this_o truth_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o remove_v they_o the_o first_o be_v that_o those_o who_o try_v one_o another_o cause_n in_o the_o county_n court_n be_v in_o the_o law_n of_o k._n henry_n i._o which_o you_o now_o cite_v call_v barones_n comitatus_fw-la qui_fw-la liberas_fw-la terras_fw-la habent_fw-la therefore_o you_o imagine_v that_o these_o barones_n comitatus_fw-la must_v needs_o have_v be_v all_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o by_o knight_n service_n at_o least_o who_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o tenure_n owe_v suit_n and_o service_n to_o the_o county_n court_n which_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n since_o every_o freeholder_n of_o whatsoever_o tenure_n who_o be_v resident_a within_o the_o county_n owe_v suit_n and_o service_n to_o that_o court_n and_o it_o be_v only_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o twenty_o of_o henry_n the_o six_o which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o limit_v that_o service_n only_o to_o free_a holder_n of_o forty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la or_o above_o now_o that_o every_o free_a holder_n though_o of_o never_o so_o small_a estate_n be_v ancient_o a_o baron_n of_o the_o county_n be_v also_o as_o certain_a in_o the_o ancient_a and_o large_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n baron_fw-fr which_o do_v not_o original_o signify_v only_o a_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o by_o knight_n service_n but_o any_o other_o freeholder_n who_o can_v be_v return_v upon_o a_o jury_n concern_v freehold_n in_o the_o county_n court_n now_o that_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n and_o freeholder_n be_v ancient_o call_v a_o thane_n before_o the_o conquest_n appear_v by_o this_o law_n of_o k._n knute_n 52._o &_o habet_fw-la omnis_fw-la dominus_fw-la familiam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o plegio_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o si_fw-la accusetur_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la respondeat_fw-la in_o hundredo_fw-la ubi_fw-la compellabitur_fw-la sicut_fw-la recta_fw-la lex_fw-la sit_fw-la quod_fw-la fi_fw-la accusetur_fw-la &_o fugiat_fw-la reddat_fw-la dominus_fw-la ejus_fw-la regi_fw-la weraem_n i_o e._n precium_fw-la nativitatis_fw-la hominis_fw-la illius_fw-la &_o si_fw-la dominus_fw-la accusetur_fw-la quod_fw-la ejas_fw-la consilio_fw-la sugerit_fw-la adlegiet_fw-la se_fw-la cum_fw-la quinque_fw-la thanis_n id_fw-la est_fw-la nobilibus_fw-la &_o idem_fw-la sit_fw-la sextus_fw-la si_fw-la purgatio_fw-la frangat_fw-la ti_fw-mi reddat_fw-la ei_fw-la scil_n regi_fw-la weram_fw-la svam_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la fugerit_fw-la extra_fw-la legem_fw-la habeatur_fw-la i_o shall_v nor_o trouble_v myself_o to_o translate_v this_o law_n since_o the_o latin_a be_v plain_a enough_o only_o take_v notice_n that_o by_o this_o word_n adlegiet_a he_o shall_v wage_v law_n or_o make_v oath_n together_o with_o five_o thanes_z that_o be_v nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n &_o idem_fw-la sit_fw-la sextus_fw-la whereof_o he_o himself_o shall_v be_v the_o six_o where_o you_o may_v see_v that_o every_o freeholder_n be_v master_n of_o a_o family_n be_v here_o call_v a_o thane_n who_o be_v to_o give_v pledge_n or_o security_n that_o all_o his_o family_n shall_v answer_v the_o law_n in_o the_o hundred_o court_n for_o any_o offence_n they_o shall_v commit_v and_o these_o thanes_z be_v such_o as_o mr._n lambert_n express_v by_o ascitus_fw-la sibi_fw-la ingenuis_fw-la quinque_fw-la i._n for_o what_o he_o call_v ingenuus_fw-la brompton_n call_v libre_fw-la homo_fw-la that_o be_v every_o freeholder_n so_o that_o you_o see_v thane_n ingenuus_fw-la and_o libre_fw-la homo_fw-la signify_v all_o the_o same_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o low_a sort_n of_o thane_n or_o freeholders_n who_o owe_v suit_n
he_o bring_v over_o with_o he_o have_v as_o you_o suppose_v the_o great_a share_n of_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n they_o will_v have_v be_v too_o powerful_a a_o body_n of_o man_n to_o be_v thus_o make_v slave_n at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o indeed_o his_o own_o law_n show_v the_o contrary_a for_o in_o that_o very_a law_n it_o appear_v otherwise_o whereby_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n and_o possession_n free_a from_o all_o unjust_a exaction_n and_o taillage_n 55._o and_o that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v exact_v of_o they_o but_o their_o free_a service_n which_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v according_a as_o it_o be_v appoint_v they_o by_o the_o k._n and_o it_o be_v grant_v they_o by_o a_o hereditary_a right_n for_o ever_o by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n whereby_o you_o may_v see_v that_o they_o have_v their_o land_n and_o liberty_n grant_v they_o for_o a_o hereditary_a right_n not_o only_o by_o the_o k._n but_o 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but_o by_o pure_a right_n of_o inheritance_n or_o colour_n of_o it_o at_o least_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o first_o of_o queen_n mary_n there_o be_v a_o act_n declare_v the_o queen_n highness_n to_o have_v be_v bear_v in_o most_o just_a and_o faithful_a matrimony_n chap._n and_o also_o repeal_n all_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o sentence_n of_o divorce_n make_v or_o have_v to_o contrary_a now_o certain_o the_o intention_n of_o this_o act_n be_v to_o declare_v her_o succession_n to_o be_v inheritance_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o first_o of_o elizabeth_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o do_v declare_v and_o confess_v that_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v in_o very_a deed_n 1._o and_o of_o mere_a right_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n their_o most_o rightful_a and_o lawful_a sovereign_a queen_n and_o that_o she_o be_v right_o lineal_o and_o lawful_o descend_v and_o come_v of_o the_o 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to_o the_o same_o do_v by_o inherent_a birthright_n and_o lawful_a and_o undoubted_a succession_n descend_v and_o come_v to_o his_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n be_v lineal_o lawful_o and_o just_o next_o and_o sole_a heir_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o this_o realm_n and_o thereunto_o they_o do_v most_o humble_o and_o faithful_o submit_v and_o oblige_v themselves_o their_o heir_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o until_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o their_o blood_n be_v spend_v i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o particular_a in_o the_o recital_n of_o this_o act_n because_o it_o stand_v not_o only_o as_o a_o perpetual_a declaration_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o representative_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n for_o a_o hereditary_a succession_n of_o the_o crown_n without_o any_o vacancy_n or_o election_n but_o also_o because_o it_o contain_v their_o solemn_a engagement_n for_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n for_o ever_o to_o king_n james_n and_o his_o issue_n and_o consequent_o to_o his_o right_a heir_n for_o ever_o so_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o direct_o contrary_a than_o this_o act_n to_o the_o late_a proceed_n of_o the_o convention_n first_o in_o declare_v the_o throne_n vacant_a and_o then_o place_v the_o prince_n and_o princess_n of_o orange_n therein_o f._n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o king_n henry_n the_o viii_o the_o and_o edward_n the_o vi_o the_o both_o succeed_v by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n but_o whether_o the_o former_a claim_v it_o as_o heir_n to_o his_o mother_n or_o his_o father_n be_v much_o to_o be_v doubt_v since_o be_v heir_n to_o both_o of_o they_o he_o never_o declare_v by_o what_o title_n he_o hold_v the_o crown_n but_o as_o for_o his_o two_o daughter_n queen_n mary_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n it_o be_v certain_a their_o best_a title_n be_v from_o these_o act_n of_o
cite_v it_o to_o you_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o evening_n conversation_n so_o that_o i_o confess_v i_o much_o wonder_v consider_v what_o he_o have_v there_o say_v how_o he_o can_v so_o positive_o maintain_v as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o place_n you_o have_v also_o quote_v that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o not_o to_o he_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la whilst_o the_o former_a be_v possess_v of_o the_o crown_n since_o it_o seem_v a_o flat_a contradiction_n to_o i_o how_o a_o subject_a be_v to_o pay_v allegiance_n as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n of_o life_n and_o member_n that_o be_v until_o the_o let_v out_o of_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o our_o dear_a heartsblood_n and_o that_o in_o all_o place_n whatsoever_o and_o yet_o that_o this_o obligation_n shall_v last_v no_o long_o then_o whilst_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v in_o actual_a possession_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v i_o have_v still_o very_o good_a reason_n to_o maintain_v that_o we_o be_v still_o oblige_v by_o our_o former_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n james_n so_o as_o not_o to_o take_v a_o new_a one_o to_o any_o other_o king_n unless_o we_o have_v be_v constrain_v to_o it_o by_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n which_o you_o yourself_o will_v not_o maintain_v to_o be_v our_o present_a case_n f._n i_o confess_v you_o have_v now_o argue_v this_o point_n very_o stiff_o and_o i_o confess_v what_o you_o have_v say_v carry_v with_o it_o the_o great_a appearance_n both_o of_o law_n and_o reason_n of_o any_o thing_n you_o have_v yet_o urge_v upon_o this_o subject_a and_o therefore_o if_o i_o can_v fair_o answer_v it_o i_o hope_v you_o will_v come_v over_o to_o my_o opinion_n and_o take_v the_o oath_n which_o be_v now_o require_v of_o you_o in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o i_o can_v deny_v that_o all_o you_o have_v say_v concern_v a_o natural_a allegiance_n due_a by_o birth_n to_o the_o king_n be_v true_a according_a to_o our_o law_n and_o i_o do_v myself_o allow_v the_o thing_n viz._n that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o he_o though_o not_o for_o the_o reason_n upon_o which_o our_o lawyer_n have_v found_v it_o but_o upon_o those_o i_o have_v already_o give_v and_o therefore_o though_o grant_v it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v law_n in_o the_o case_n of_o dr._n story_n that_o his_o plea_n of_o his_o become_v a_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v overrule_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o he_o refuse_v make_v any_o other_o plea_n be_v condemn_v upon_o a_o nihil_fw-la dicit_fw-la yet_o this_o be_v only_o a_o penal_a law_n i_o think_v oblige_v the_o subject_a to_o the_o penalty_n if_o he_o be_v take_v but_o do_v not_o oblige_v he_o in_o conscience_n never_o to_o change_v his_o prince_n or_o the_o government_n he_o be_v bear_v under_o without_o their_o consent_n let_v his_o circumstance_n become_v never_o so_o uneasy_a under_o it_o and_o that_o this_o be_v so_o i_o need_v go_v no_o further_o than_o the_o late_a case_n of_o the_o french_a refugee_n who_o think_v they_o be_v strict_o command_v by_o their_o king_n not_o to_o stir_v out_o of_o france_n whatsoever_o persecution_n they_o may_v suffer_v yet_o i_o think_v no_o man_n of_o sense_n can_v blame_v they_o if_o be_v persecute_v there_o they_o remove_v themselves_o into_o other_o country_n and_o become_v perfect_o naturalize_v subject_n or_o denizen_n at_o least_o in_o that_o government_n whereunto_o they_o remove_v and_o this_o be_v so_o know_v a_o thing_n that_o no_o casuist_n as_o i_o know_v of_o think_v it_o a_o sin_n in_o such_o subject_n of_o england_n as_o find_v it_o for_o their_o advantage_n go_v over_o into_o another_o country_n to_o settle_v and_o make_v their_o fortune_n or_o be_v there_o naturalize_v or_o make_v free_a denisom_n in_o those_o kingdom_n or_o commonwealth_n whereunto_o they_o remove_v nor_o be_v such_o person_n oblige_v in_o conscience_n to_o return_v home_o upon_o the_o command_n or_o summons_n of_o that_o prince_n to_o who_o you_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v subject_n by_o birth_n nor_o be_v your_o argument_n at_o all_o convince_a that_o because_o a_o man_n owe_v a_o duty_n to_o his_o parent_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o by_o be_v bear_v their_o child_n that_o therefore_o the_o subjection_n to_o the_o prince_n under_o who_o government_n he_o be_v bear_v must_v be_v alike_o perpetual_a since_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o you_o find_v this_o consequence_n be_v altogether_o false_a since_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o the_o first_o meeting_n we_o have_v to_o discourse_v of_o these_o matter_n that_o a_o man_n be_v beget_v and_o breed_v up_o by_o his_o parent_n do_v not_o make_v he_o become_v their_o subject_n or_o servant_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v so_o that_o he_o may_v never_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o their_o subjection_n without_o their_o leave_n but_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o think_v i_o be_o as_o little_a mistake_v in_o my_o notion_n of_o allegiance_n which_o i_o suppose_v every_o person_n who_o be_v a_o true_a and_o perfect_a subject_n of_o the_o government_n owe_v to_o the_o king_n or_o sovereign_a power_n thereof_o for_o though_o i_o grant_v there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o that_o imperfect_a allegiance_n or_o bare_a submission_n which_o every_o foreigner_n owe_v the_o king_n or_o government_n under_o which_o he_o reside_v and_o that_o more_o perfect_a allegiance_n which_o every_o subject_a owe_v the_o king_n who_o enjoy_v all_o the_o right_n and_o previledge_n of_o a_o true_a english_a man_n yet_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o this_o distinction_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o bare_a protection_n of_o his_o person_n and_o good_n by_o the_o government_n under_o which_o he_o live_v but_o by_o his_o be_v naturalize_v and_o become_v thereby_o a_o perfect_a member_n of_o this_o civil_a society_n be_v plain_a from_o your_o own_o show_v and_o therefore_o whosoever_o not_o only_o enjoy_v the_o common_a protection_n of_o a_o inhabitant_n but_o also_o all_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o a_o true_a english_a subject_n be_v bind_v to_o swear_v allegiance_n if_o require_v to_o the_o king_n or_o queen_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la without_o inquire_v into_o their_o right_n or_o title_n for_o if_o they_o be_v stranger_n or_o have_v never_o take_v any_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n before_o they_o can_v be_v under_o any_o former_a oath_n and_o as_o for_o natural_a allegiance_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v it_o to_o be_v a_o mere_a legal_a notion_n and_o this_o allegiance_n i_o have_v also_o prove_v to_o to_o be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la not_o only_o from_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o bagots_n case_n but_o also_o from_o my_o lord_n coke_n interpretation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o treason_n which_o though_o you_o suppose_v to_o be_v contradictory_n to_o what_o he_o have_v before_o lay_v down_o in_o calvins_n case_n yet_o if_o you_o please_v better_a to_o consider_v of_o it_o you_o will_v find_v it_o not_o to_o be_v so_o for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a the_o judge_n do_v there_o assert_v that_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v indefinite_a and_o without_o limitation_n as_o be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o right_a heir_n and_o also_o that_o it_o extend_v to_o the_o venture_n of_o life_n and_o member_n and_o to_o the_o let_v out_o of_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o our_o blood_n yet_o be_v this_o still_o to_o be_v understand_v only_o of_o such_o a_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n who_o still_o continue_v to_o be_v king_n in_o a_o legal_a sense_n which_o can_v be_v only_o he_o who_o be_v king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v as_o he_o be_v style_v in_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 11_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o 7_o the_o and_o only_o during_o the_o time_n that_o he_o continue_v in_o actual_a possession_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n king_n or_o majesty_n be_v indefinite_a and_o without_o have_v any_o respect_n to_o his_o title_n whether_o by_o descent_n of_o blood_n or_o else_o by_o his_o be_v crown_v and_o recognise_v by_o parliament_n it_o be_v no_o contradiction_n to_o suppose_v this_o allegiance_n be_v only_o due_a to_o the_o king_n in_o this_o limit_a sense_n according_a to_o this_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o 7_o the_o where_o pray_v take_v notice_n that_o i_o have_v make_v this_o allegiance_n to_o be_v only_o due_a to_o king_n and_o queen_n de_fw-mi facto_fw-la because_o they_o only_o be_v within_o intent_n and_o letter_n of_o this_o statute_n as_o also_o of_o that_o of_o treason_n according_a to_o the_o legal_a government_n of_o this_o nation_n by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n thereof_o and_o can_v no_o way_n be_v extend_v to_o any_o other_o
e._n i._o ib._n p._n 554._o rot._n cl_o 31._o ed._n iii_o ib._n p._n 555._o rot._n pat._n 54_o h._n iii_o ib._n 573._o rot._n wal._n 11._o ed._n i._o ib._n 574.575_o rot._n cl_o 28._o e._n i._o rot._n pat._n 8._o ed._n ii_o ib._n 576._o rot._n pat._n 52._o h._n iii_o ib._n p._n 578._o bundle_z brev._n 5._o ed._n ii_o rot._n pat._n 40._o ed._n iii_o ib._n p._n 581._o rot._n pat._n 2._o h._n v._o ib._n p._n 582._o placit_fw-la parl._n 18._o e._n i._o rot._n parl._n 18._o ed._n iii_o ib._n p._n 584._o inter_fw-la com._n brev_n in_o scac._n 34._o ed._n i._o prins_n par_fw-fr reg._n p._n 26.28.30_o ed._n i._o ib._n p._n 586._o parl._n reg._n 8._o ed._n ii_o 887._o rot._n cl_o 15._o e._n ii_o rot._n cl_o 2._o e._n iii_o rot._n cl_o 50._o e._n iii_o p._n 588._o rot._n pat._n 42._o e._n iii_o p._n 599._o rot._n pat._n 17._o ed._n iii_o rot._n parl._n 51._o e._n iii_o p._n 605._o a_o regency_n w._n legal_a or_o practicable_a in_o england_n upon_o king_n james_n departure_n d._n 12._o p._n 877._o religion_n in_o what_o case_n we_o be_v bind_v to_o suffer_v for_o it_o without_o any_o resistance_n d._n 4._o p._n 222._o to_o 235._o the_o remedy_n against_o tyranny_n the_o people_n of_o england_n can_v have_v without_o resistance_n consider_v d._n 4._o p._n 262._o to_o 664._o resistance_n of_o father_n husband_n and_o master_n by_o their_o wife_n child_n and_o servant_n w._n ever_o lawful_a d._n 1._o p._n 41._o to_o 44._o to_o 52.60_o resistance_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n in_o what_o case_n absolute_o lawful_a d._n 3._o p._n 146._o to_o 149_o d._n 4._o p._n 270._o in_o what_o case_n absolute_o unlawful_a d._n 3._o p._n 176_o 177._o all_o the_o evil_a consequence_n of_o such_o resistance_n consider_v d._n 4._o p._n 261._o to_o 264._o d._n 9_o p._n 649_o 659_o to_o 666._o w._n all_o resistance_n be_v forbid_v by_o god_n in_o the_o old_a testament_n d._n 3._o p._n 190._o to_o the_o end_n w._n forbid_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n d._n 4._o p._n 220._o to_o 264._o w._n contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n ib._n p._n 283._o resistance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o those_o in_o commission_n by_o he_o w._n absolute_o âorbid_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o seven_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o against_o bear_v of_o arm_n d._n 8._o p._n 612._o w._n contrary_a to_o the_o 25_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o concern_v treason_n ib._n to_o the_o end_n resistance_n of_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o our_o king_n w._n lawful_a both_o before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n d._n 9_o p._n 615_o to_o 637._o such_o resistance_n grant_v to_o be_v lawful_a by_o some_o of_o our_o king_n themselves_o d._n 9_o p._n 617.620.622_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a what_o they_o be_v d._n 9_o p._n 666_o to_o 669._o roll_n clause_n how_o many_o want_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o d._n 7._o p._n 517_o 518._o s_o sapientes_fw-la its_o signification_n in_o ancient_a history_n d._n 6._o p._n 377._o late_o schism_n upon_o the_o deprivation_n of_o the_o bishop_n w._n justifiable_a d._n 13._o p._n 963_o to_o 966._o scotland_n w._n it_o be_v ancient_a constitution_n be_v the_o same_o with_o england_n d._n 7._o p._n 503._o to_o 505._o d._n 8._o p._n 559._o w._n none_o but_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la ever_o appear_v at_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ib._n to_o 510._o scutage_n service_n w._n different_a from_o a_o scutage_n tax_n d._n 7._o p._n 439._o to_o 440.479_o to_o 481._o sermon_n for_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n censure_v in_o parliament_n d._n 1._o p._n 5._o servant_n and_o son_n w._n all_o one_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n d._n 1._o p._n 54._o sheriff_n pardon_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o hold_v above_o one_o year_n d._n 12._o p._n 821._o state_n general_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n w._n their_o make_v war_n upon_o king_n james_n the_o second_o be_v justifiable_a d._n 11._o p._n 781_o 782._o ancient_a statute_n w._n the_o three_o estate_n have_v not_o always_o give_v their_o assent_n to_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n d._n 5._o p._n 330._o to_o 348._o notwithstanding_o the_o different_a form_n of_o pen_v they_o ibid._n d._n 7._o p._n 484_o 485.525.528_o 529._o statue_n of_o the_o eleven_o of_o henry_n the_o seven_o cap._n 1._o w._n still_o in_o force_n d._n 13._o p._n 909._o to_o 933._o statute_n of_o the_o thirteen_o of_o elizabeth_n chap._n 1._o w._n still_o in_o force_n d._n 12._o p._n 894._o to_o 898._o all_o statute_n though_o make_v by_o usurper_n w._n they_o hold_v good_a till_o repeal_v d._n 12._o p._n 909_o 911_o 912._o doctor_n story_n case_n d._n 13._o p._n 950._o subject_n how_o different_a from_o slave_n d._n 4._o p._n 251._o to_o 261._o w._n particular_a subject_n may_v resist_v the_o supreme_a power_n for_o satisfaction_n of_o their_o own_o private_a injury_n d._n 4._o p._n 252._o succession_n to_o crown_n no_o certain_a procept_n to_o be_v find_v about_o it_o in_o scripture_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n d._n 2._o p._n 89._o to_o 90._o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n w._n always_o hereditary_a since_o the_o conquest_n without_o any_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n d._n 12._o p._n 839_o to_o 875._o suffering_n of_o christ_n how_o far_o a_o example_n to_o we_o d._n 4._o p._n 227._o to_o 233._o suffer_v for_o religion_n without_o resistance_n when_o necessary_a ib._n p._n 231._o t_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la w._n they_o be_v all_o baron_n d._n 6._o p._n 399.400_o w._n they_o can_v ancient_o tax_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n at_o their_o pleasure_n as_o well_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o they_o as_o what_o be_v not_o d._n 7._o 440.479_o to_o 483.500_o w._n they_o or_o else_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v ancient_o the_o only_a person_n who_o serve_v upon_o jury_n d._n 10._o p._n 741._o to_o 746._o w._n they_o represent_v all_o their_o under_o tenant_n in_o parliament_n d._n 7._o p._n 512._o tenant_n in_o sââage_n w._n they_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o act_n of_o those_o of_o who_o they_o hold_v their_o estate_n d._n 6._o p._n 420._o tenant_n in_o demesne_n claim_v to_o be_v discharge_v from_o the_o knight_n wage_n by_o prescription_n d._n 8._o p._n 588_o 589._o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n w._n in_o use_n before_o king_n wil._n i._o d._n 10._o p._n 750_o 751._o a_o new_a test_n oath_n oppose_v by_o a_o great_a party_n of_o the_o poeâs_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o d._n 9_o p._n 659._o testament_n w._n valid_a in_o the_o mere_a state_n of_o nature_n d._n 2._o p._n 86_o 87_o 91._o the_o several_a text_n of_o scripture_n make_v use_v of_o for_o or_o against_o absolute_a nonresistance_n examine_v viz._n in_o the_o old_a testament_n d._n 3._o p._n 190._o to_o the_o end_n text_n of_o scripture_n out_o of_o the_o new_a testament_n urge_v for_o the_o like_a purpose_n d._n 4._o p._n 220._o to_o 279._o thanes_z the_o ancient_a signification_n of_o that_o title_n discuss_v d._n 6._o p._n 374._o to_o 379._o the_o divers_a sort_n of_o they_o among_o the_o english_a saxon_n d._n 5._o p._n 370._o treason_n against_o the_o kingdom_n ancient_o as_o well_o as_o against_o the_o king_n d._n 5._o p._n 344._o trial_n by_o combat_n w._n in_o use_n before_o the_o conquest_n d._n 10._o p._n 758._o trust_v commit_v by_o the_o people_n to_o the_o supreme_a power_n w._n unaccountable_a and_o irrevocable_a d._n 3._o p._n 152.154_o insupportable_a tyranny_n w._n worse_o than_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n ib._n 155._o tyrant_n w._n ordain_v of_o god_n d._n 4._o 245_o 246._o u_o vavasor_n or_o mesne_fw-la tenant_n w._n ancient_o reckon_v as_o part_v of_o the_o baronage_n of_o the_o kingdom_n d._n 6._o p._n 405_o 406._o universitas_fw-la baronagii_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o regni_n what_o it_o signify_v and_o w._n the_o commons_o be_v comprehend_v under_o that_o title_n d._n 6._o p._n 408_o 409_o 415_o 416._o universitas_fw-la communis_fw-la the_o meaning_n of_o that_o phrase_n in_o matthew_n paris_n d._n 7._o p._n 470._o w._n it_o comprehend_v no_o more_o than_o the_o less_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la ib._n 471._o primate_n usher_v opinion_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o obedience_n of_o the_o subject_a consider_v d._n 4._o p._n 271_o 272._o usurper_n by_o sir_n r._n filmer_n principles_n to_o be_v obey_v before_o the_o lawful_a prince_n and_o his_o heir_n d._n 2._o p._n 126_o 127._o when_o usurper_n may_v be_v obey_v before_o the_o lawful_a prince_n and_o his_o heir_n d._n 4._o p._n 246._o usurpation_n w._n it_o give_v a_o rightful_a title_n after_o three_o generation_n d._n 2._o p._n 128._o vulgus_fw-la what_o that_o word_n signify_v in_o the_o
not_o because_o he_o keep_v a_o kingdom_n bequeath_v to_o he_o by_o k._n edward_n since_o some_o writer_n relate_v this_o king_n name_v not_o he_o but_o harold_n for_o his_o successor_n 2._o though_o other_o say_v that_o he_o recommend_v edgar_n to_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o english_a nobility_n so_o that_o the_o only_a true_a and_o just_a cause_n d._n william_n have_v of_o make_v war_n upon_o harold_n be_v his_o break_v the_o promise_n and_o oath_n he_o have_v not_o long_o before_o make_v he_o of_o secure_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o he_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o k._n edward_n instead_o of_o do_v which_o he_o have_v seize_v it_o for_o himself_o and_o which_o be_v worse_o refuse_v to_o restore_v it_o or_o so_o much_o as_o to_o hold_v it_o of_o duke_n william_n as_o his_o homager_n so_o that_o though_o for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o his_o own_o tide_n he_o pretend_v to_o the_o will_n or_o donation_n of_o king_n edward_n and_o to_o avoid_v the_o envy_n of_o the_o name_n may_v out_o of_o modesty_n or_o to_o put_v a_o better_a colour_n upon_o this_o matter_n refuse_v to_o take_v the_o title_n of_o conqueror_n and_o to_o insist_v upon_o the_o donation_n of_o k._n edward_n yet_o nothing_o be_v plain_a than_o that_o he_o can_v claim_v by_o no_o other_o title_n but_o the_o sword_n and_o that_o he_o look_v upon_o himself_o as_o no_o other_o than_o a_o absolute_a conqueror_n may_v appear_v by_o these_o great_a and_o evident_a instance_n 1._o his_o change_n of_o the_o english_a law_n and_o introduce_v the_o norman_a custom_n in_o their_o stead_n and_o also_o change_v the_o tenor_n of_o land_n not_o only_o of_o the_o laity_n but_o also_o of_o the_o bishop_n and_o great_a abbey_n 2._o by_o his_o debar_v all_o those_o of_o the_o english_a nation_n from_o enjoy_v any_o honour_n office_n or_o preferment_n either_o in_o church_n or_o state_n and_o also_o in_o take_v away_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n not_o only_o from_o those_o of_o their_o heir_n that_o have_v be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o hastings_n but_o also_o of_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o they_o have_v leave_v they_o but_o what_o they_o can_v purchase_v of_o those_o norman_a or_o french_a nobleman_n to_o who_o king_n wiiliam_n have_v give_v their_o land_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o good_a service_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o both_o which_o assertion_n i_o have_v so_o very_o good_a authority_n on_o my_o side_n and_o that_o of_o writer_n of_o or_o near_o those_o time_n in_o which_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v that_o i_o think_v no_o indifferent_a man_n can_v have_v any_o cause_n to_o doubt_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o have_v be_v as_o i_o relate_v it_o nor_o do_v he_o by_o any_o after_o act_n ever_o renounce_v this_o right_n of_o conquest_n as_o you_o suppose_v much_o less_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o election_n of_o the_o english_a or_o norman_n since_o the_o former_a be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o make_v any_o far_a resistance_n against_o he_o the_o clergy_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v be_v force_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o without_o any_o other_o precedent_a condition_n or_o stipulation_n than_o for_o the_o save_n of_o their_o life_n and_o as_o for_o the_o norman_n they_o be_v his_o subject_n and_o they_o conquer_a the_o kingdom_n only_o for_o his_o use_n and_o benefit_n as_o his_o soldier_n and_o vassalâ_n and_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a he_o will_v owe_v the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o have_v thus_o acquire_v by_o the_o sword_n to_o their_o vote_n or_o election_n neither_o do_v any_o author_n that_o i_o know_v of_o mention_n any_o election_n before_o his_o coronation_n when_o though_o it_o be_v true_a he_o take_v such_o a_o oath_n as_o you_o mention_v yet_o it_o be_v in_o too_o general_a term_n to_o bind_v he_o to_o any_o observation_n of_o the_o ancient_a english_a law_n much_o less_o to_o preserve_v their_o right_n and_o privilege_n far_o than_o he_o think_v fit_a and_o therefore_o can_v never_o take_v the_o crown_n upon_o your_o condition_n of_o resistance_n or_o forfeiture_n in_o case_n of_o any_o alteration_n in_o that_o which_o you_o call_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n this_o be_v the_o true_a matter_n of_o fact_n without_o any_o disguise_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o answer_v all_o that_o you_o have_v say_v against_o k._n william_n require_v a_o absolute_a hereditary_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o himself_o and_o all_o his_o descendant_n by_o the_o sword_n first_o then_o as_o to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o war_n and_o conquest_n itself_o i_o suppose_v you_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o duke_n william_n have_v a_o good_a cause_n of_o war_n against_o harold_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o his_o oath_n and_o if_o so_o against_o all_o that_o take_v his_o part_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o hastings_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o conquest_n of_o harold_n and_o those_o that_o be_v in_o that_o fight_n he_o also_o acquire_v a_o right_n by_o conquest_n to_o all_o that_o they_o enjoy_v and_o consequent_o have_v a_o right_a to_o harold_n crown_n as_o well_o as_o his_o other_o estate_n as_o also_o to_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o those_o that_o be_v either_o slay_v or_o escape_v alive_a from_o that_o battle_n and_o not_o only_o to_o these_o but_o also_o to_o all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n since_o the_o war_n be_v make_v not_o only_o against_o harold_n person_n but_o against_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n the_o people_n of_o which_o according_a to_o their_o allegiance_n assist_v he_o in_o that_o war_n either_o with_o man_n or_o money_n 4._o but_o admit_v the_o war_n to_o have_v be_v in_o itself_o never_o so_o unjust_a yet_o all_o writer_n on_o this_o subject_a even_a grotius_n and_o pufendorf_n agree_v that_o conquest_n even_o in_o a_o unjust_a war_n with_o a_o thorough_a settlement_n in_o the_o conqueror_n and_o his_o successor_n by_o the_o non_fw-fr claim_n dereliction_n submission_n or_o exstinction_n of_o the_o next_o heir_n of_o the_o former_a king_n together_o with_o a_o long_a uninterrupted_a possession_n beyond_o all_o time_n of_o memory_n will_v confer_v as_o good_a a_o title_n especial_o when_o all_o these_o confirm_v by_o a_o constant_a submission_n and_o recognition_n of_o the_o people_n testify_v not_o only_o at_o the_o first_o conquest_n but_o in_o all_o succeed_a time_n by_o as_o absolute_a and_o uncondition_v oath_n of_o allegiance_n as_o can_v be_v invent_v or_o that_o be_v ever_o take_v to_o the_o most_o absolute_a monarch_n and_o such_o oath_n be_v always_o to_o be_v interpret_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o who_o they_o be_v swear_v and_o as_o strict_o against_o the_o people_n that_o take_v they_o as_o all_o writer_n also_o agree_v now_o grant_v this_o to_o be_v the_o case_n of_o k._n william_n the_o conqueror_n that_o by_o all_o or_o some_o of_o these_o mean_n he_o acquire_v a_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n not_o only_o for_o himself_o but_o his_o heir_n this_o power_n be_v absolute_a without_o any_o condition_n to_o be_v observe_v on_o their_o part_n for_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v positive_a without_o any_o condition_n or_o restriction_n so_o that_o i_o can_v see_v no_o manner_n of_o pretence_n that_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n can_v have_v of_o force_v their_o k_n to_o the_o maintenance_n or_o observation_n of_o those_o right_n and_o privilege_n which_o they_o or_o their_o predecessor_n have_v so_o free_o grant_v to_o they_o or_o their_o ancestor_n as_o pusendorf_n who_o you_o now_o cite_v very_o right_o observe_v and_o consequent_o can_v have_v no_o right_a to_o repel_v force_n by_o force_n since_o our_o king_n do_v not_o now_o hold_v their_o crown_n by_o force_n or_o right_a of_o conquest_n alone_o but_o by_o all_o thing_n require_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n to_o create_v a_o full_a and_o absolute_a right_n viz._n a_o long_a uninterrupted_a possession_n and_o the_o absolute_a submission_n of_o the_o people_n for_o themselves_o and_o all_o their_o descendant_n so_o that_o though_o i_o grant_v bare_a conquest_n consider_v as_o a_o force_n can_v give_v no_o right_n alone_o yet_o it_o may_v often_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o right_n and_o may_v at_o last_o grow_v to_o a_o right_n by_o the_o mean_v i_o have_v already_o mention_v f._n before_o i_o reply_v any_o thing_n far_o to_o what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o right_o acquire_v by_o your_o conqueror_n and_o his_o heir_n pray_v in_o the_o first_o place_n prove_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o have_v be_v as_o you_o lay_v it_o and_o therefore_o produce_v your_o quotation_n from_o the_o author_n you_o mention_v but_o first_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o dr_n b._n and_o you_o be_v the_o first_o i_o have_v hear_v to_o