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A28212 A sermon preached before his Majestie at Christ-Church in Oxford on the 3. of Novemb. 1644. after his returne from Cornwall. By John Berkenhead, fellow of All-Soules Colledge. Birkenhead, John, Sir, 1616-1679. 1644 (1644) Wing B2971; ESTC R210016 19,101 26

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may be demonstratively evidenced if we shall take a survey of the Series and succession of Governours from the first man that was placed upon the earth whom we finde created with an intention to make him Gods Vicegerent Gen. 1. 26. and at his very first setting foot upon the earth actually invested with Monarchicall government ver. 27. 28. That government being indeed the speciall forme whereby he could resemble the image of God who is in Heaven as he made him upon Earth the sole unequalled Monarch from whom alone Quicquid est ab uno est est id quod est and therefore he is worthy to receive glory and honour and power for of him and for him and through him are all things Nor was it his intention that hee should onely governe the Beasts already created But also he made him to be the Monarch And confirmed his Authority Iure naturali Potestate patriâ over all mankinde which should be propagated after him who as the Angels and those of Heaven had their beginning from God by Creation and therefore were subject to him so all the Armies upon earth were to deduce their off-spring from that one Adam by Generation and so to owe to him subjection whereas had not God intended to have Principality depended onely upon his own institution and not upon the subordinate Nobles nor the multitudes of popular election It had beene as easie for him to have Created a Company a Colony a Countrey a Nation a World of men upon earth with his own faciamus As it was and as he did so many Legions of Angels in the Heavens that so out of those choice Colonies themselves might have made choice of a Commander But he who found the Heavens not free from mutiny when he produced a multitude of inhabitants there although all were his off-spring would not give the least colour to contention for superiority or equality nor pretext of disobedience against his Monarch upon earth whilst he suffers no Subject to be set by him but such as owed the Subjection and duty of a Sonne in Descending from him Thereby teaching all posterity how the power of a Prince over his Subjects is and ought to bee acknowledged as naturall as the power of a Father is over his sonne yea and also thereby signifying That as Naturally there can bee but one Father of one Childe So Politiquely there should be but one Prince and Monarch of one People and Nation Whereupon God did not create two men no nor Eve but out of the rib of Adam that so from them all others should issue and they might rule promiscuously or that each of them should rule such as would make choice to be under his government rather then under the others although perhaps propagated of the other Nor that the mightiest Hunter he that could get most should governe most as afterwards it fell out in the degenerating dayes of Nymrod But he created onely one thereby to intimate How far Monarchicall government is to be preferred before any other Aristocraticall Democraticall Oligarchicall or the like This and this alone of man on earth being an Idea or resemblance of Gods government in Heaven and we pray daily that his will may bee done on earth as it is in heaven And how can it be so if we reject or resist that forme of government As also thereby he implies that all other formes of government are against the course of nature different from the patterne of heaven diverse from divine institution and indeed punishments rather then blest governments If they be compared with Monarchie Which made the wisest of Kings affirme that many Princes are imposed for the transgression of a Land But that Realme onely indures long which is ruled by one man of understanding and knowledge Prov. 28. 2. Which Doctrine seemes to bee squared to Gods own practice throughout all ages whensoever he designed any government over his people the Jews after they were taken notice of for his peculiar although for a long time he retained the royall supreame Title of King to himselfe during which time he oft times immediately delivered his Regall mandates by Urim Thummim Visions Oracles Prophesies c. Yet hee appointed one Supreme Vicegerent over them and not many for as for the Sanhedrim they were but as Moses or the High priests Privie Councell Or as delegated Judges because of the multiplicity of businesses One I say and not many witnesse Moses 40. yeares betwixt Egypt and Canaan Ioshna neere 60. yeeres settling them in Canaan after them Iudah after him Othniell then Ehud then Shamgar then Deborah then Gideon then Tolah then Iair then Iephthah then Sampson But never above one at onetime And how lamentable the times were when there was not one Supreame but the multitude tooke power into their own hands that hideous story of the licentious Danites and the ravished Levites wife and the revenge of one upon another may serve to astonish all posterity and affright them from affecting Anarchie yea when God afterthat he had in mercie looked upon their misery sent them new Judges Hely and Samuel successively and they not there with satisfied would have a 〈◊〉 like other Nations he doth not set several Kings over them 〈◊〉 Ioshua found 31. over the land at their enterance but hee appointed them onely one King 1 Sam. 8. 22. As being safest for people best resembling his government and most agreeable to 〈◊〉 ●●dinance Wherefore wee must needes bee subject to such 〈◊〉 of government for it is the Ordinance of God Oh! how much therefore are those too blame who goe about to alter this forme of government and to introduce a new deformed device of their own ambitious invention wherein they are not agreed whether they shall be stiled 1. The States of England as some of their Preachers forgetting the King in their praiers have sycophantically phrased them 2. Or whether they shall be entituled The perpetuall Senate or Assessours of the kingdom as some have endeavoured to derive their stile as the Impresse of a Republick 3. Or whether they shall be dignified with the Princely Attribute of Gentlemen of the Crowne of England to which should be annexed the power of electing their King although hereditary as some of themselves have ambitiously expressed their affectation in assimilation to that of Poland onely to the end that themselves might be sharers in Supremacy A Government which admitting a Monarch whom yet they dare not deny is neither Monarchie Aristocracy Democracy nor Oligarchie and Anarchie I dare say they would not have it intituled A Government which if Aristotle himself were to sit in Councel at their close Committees he could not yet resolve what to cal it a government never grounded on the Ordinance of God nor practised in any established Common-weale And what fearfull effects must necessarily follow it Besides that it is to conjecture when men leave the fountaines
Kingdomes are erected by God not by the Divel who as he is never quiet himself so would he not have the people live in peace as appeares by his late practices which government is the meanes to procure and preserve preventing men from devouring those that are more righteous then themselves And for being like the fishes of the Sea or the creeping things who have no Ruler over them for Per legum positiones repercutiant multiplicem gentilium injustitiam Kings and Princes by their Laws restraine and bridle the fury and violence of our naturall corruptions yea and the worst of Princes is never worse then Quemadmodum populidigni sunt Dei justo judicio in omnibus aliqualiter superveniente Iren. l. 5. c. 24. such as the people have provoked God to set to afflict them whose just judgement alwayes interposeth it self in such weighty cases Although sometimes we know it not oft-times we will not acknowledge it which being so may oblige every one of us to be subject to all powers of all qualities conditions dispositions tempers religions under whom the Lord hath placed us Sive 1. Nutriciis sive 2. Hypocritis sive 3. Haereticis sive 4. Tyrannis Whether they be noursing fathers for whom we must praise God or dissembling Hypocrites or obstinate Heretickes or bloudy Tyrants for all which we must pray to God Whatsoever Sanders Allen Stapleton Parsons Mariana Boucherius Santarellus c. on the Romish part And Knoxe Buchanan Gilbey Goodman and Daneus on the other extreame have formerly taught Calderwood hath followed and some too fiery spirits of late have seditiously and scandalously put in practice of whom I may say in the Apostles language If any man teach other wise then what I have affirmed he consenteth not to the wholsome words of our Lord Jesus Christ and to the Doctrine which is according to godlinesse but is puffed up knoweth nothing as he ought to know but doateth about questions and strife of words whereof commeth envy strife rallings evil surmiseings froward disputations of men of corrupt mindes and destitute of the truth which think that gaine is godlinesse howsoever they pretend godlinesse rather then gaine from such separate thy selfe For howsoever we must performe active obedience to such Princes onely so far as lawfully we may Calv. Bez. Marl. Roloc. Genev. usque adaras so long as Cum Deo non comparabuntur they are not set in competition with God Tertul. Yet we must performe passive obedience and absolute subjection suffering without resistance being subject without rebellion even if they should command the most unjust superstitious idolatrous prophane or irreligious things which can be imagined yet I say we must not rebell unlesse we will renounce Christianity but we must let this be Probatio subjectionis the touch-stone of our subjection even our patient and constant sufferings For Quae passos Apostolos scimus manifestae est Doctrina The truth of this Doctrine is sealed by the Apostles sufferings who indured of Heathen Princes and for not renouncing Christianity Carceres Vincula Flagella Saxa Gladios Impetus Iudaeorum Coetus Nationum Tribunorum Elogia Regum auditoria proconsulum Tribunalia Caesaris nomen interpretem non habent Imprisonment Bonds Stripes Stoning Wounds Violence of the Jews Conventing before the Gentiles Questioning in the Courts of Tribunes Examinations and Answers before Kings Arraignments at the Tribunals of Proconsuls yea and could not find an Appeale to the Emperour any protection for their innocencie yet they not onely submitted themselves and possessed their own soules with patience but also taught all pious people so to doe as here our Apostle makes it apparent and Titus 3. 1 2. presseth it to all posterity Put them in remembrance for indeed we are too apt to forget that they be subject to the Principalities Powers and that they be obedient ready to every good work that they speak evill of no man much lesse of Princes and Prelates as some of late have done That they be no fighters much lesse Armed Rebels but soft lowly gentle shewing all meeknesse to all men much more to Rulers yea and such effect did this Doctrine produce that Sanguis Martyrem semen Ecclesiae Cypr. The blood of the Martyrs was the seed of the Church The bloud not the sword that were too Turkish And however Circa majestatem Imperatoris infamemur Tert. ad Scap. l. 2. They were slandred as disloyall to the Emperour yet Nunquam Albiniani vel Nigriani vel Cassiani inveniri potuerunt Christiani Never any Nigrian who made Religion the stalking-horse for Rebellion Nor never any Cassian who assaulted his Soveraign by Assassination could be found amongst the Christians Christianus nullus est is uimirum Imperatoris quem sciens à Deo suo constitui necesse est ut ipsum diligat revereatur honoret salvum velit cum toto Romano Imperio quousque seculum stabit tam diu enim stabit Colimus ergo Imperatorem sic quomodo nobis licet ipsi expedit ut hominem à Deo secundum quicquid est à Deo consecutum solo Deo minorem For no true Christian can be an enemie to his King or Emperour whom he knows to be placed over him by God and therefore upon necessity must love him reverence him honour him pray for him and desire and indeavour his safety as the safety of the Kingdome as being next to God lesser onely then God and endowed with the power which he hath from God over all the men in his Dominions Hereupon was it that the Christians fought so many valiant battels and obtained so many glorious victories even for Heathen and persecuting Emperours yea even for Iulian the Apostata himselfe but never did they fight any battel pitched any Field arrayed any Army armed any Legions or so much as entred into consultation against their Emperour And thus you see Qualibus to what manner of Princes we must be subject And I think all will willingly conclude Si parendum est magistratui prophane certè multo magis obedire oportet Sancto Christiano Bez. If Heathens were thus obeyed much more should Christians If persecuting much more pious Princes such as our Gracious Soveraigne whose clemencie may challenge our love as wel as his power command our duty whom God preserve and prosper long over us in honour and felicity and give us the grace and gratitude to be subject not onely for feare but even for conscience sake And so I come to consider 2. In Quibus In what things we must be subject Wherein the true stating of the Question is much differenced from the mistaken and mistaking Tenents of many of these times who conceive and would beare the world in hand 1. That they are bound no further to Subjection then with a Rightly Regulated Conscience they may performe Active Obedience to all their Superiours