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our_o king_n with_o the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o to_o attribute_v a_o absolute_a empire_n or_o dominion_n to_o they_o concern_v which_o i_o have_v already_o show_v that_o though_o this_o title_n be_v well_o ground_v yet_o the_o consequence_n they_o draw_v from_o thence_o will_v be_v null_a whether_o we_o consider_v the_o ancient_a roman_a empire_n or_o whether_o we_o consider_v the_o empire_n as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o germany_n i_o add_v here_o for_o a_o further_o clear_v of_o this_o matter_n that_o the_o same_o thing_n happen_v to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o west_n with_o regard_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n as_o befall_v the_o other_o king_n who_o rise_v after_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o to_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n the_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n as_o appear_v from_o the_o embassy_n of_o luitprand_n at_o constantinople_n can_v not_o endure_v that_o other_o prince_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o title_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d king_n or_o emperor_n believe_v that_o the_o name_n of_o king_n leave_v they_o in_o some_o dependence_n upon_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o east_n this_o oblige_v the_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n to_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n to_o intimate_v their_o independency_n upon_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o east_n which_o title_n the_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n have_v afterward_o make_v use_n of_o as_o a_o pretence_n to_o raise_v themselves_o above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n the_o western_a king_n do_v the_o same_o which_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n have_v do_v before_o to_o assert_v their_o independency_n for_o not_o only_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o some_o other_o western_a king_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n alphonsus_n vi_o king_n of_o spain_n take_v upon_o he_o this_o title_n by_o a_o concession_n from_o pope_n vrban_n two_o because_o he_o have_v suppress_v the_o mosorabick-office_n alphonsus_n vii_o and_o viii_o assume_v the_o same_o title_n and_o alphonsus_n viii_o be_v crown_v in_o that_o quality_n by_o raymond_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n in_o the_o church_n of_o lion_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o pope_n innocent_a two_o as_o be_v report_v by_o garibay_n lib._n 8._o hist_o cap._n 4._o we_o find_v that_o peter_n de_fw-fr clugny_n write_v to_o this_o alphonsus_n as_o emperor_n of_o spain_n epist_n 8._o and_o long_a time_n before_o these_o prince_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n since_o richaredus_n have_v take_v to_o themselves_o the_o title_n of_o flavian_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n yet_o philip_n two_o have_v demand_v this_o title_n in_o 1564_o of_o pope_n pius_n iv_o it_o be_v refuse_v he_o the_o king_n of_o lombardy_n have_v assume_v the_o title_n of_o flavian_o even_o since_o autlaric_n according_a to_o the_o account_v give_v we_o by_o paul_n diacon_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 8_o which_o they_o do_v to_o show_v that_o they_o be_v emperor_n in_o their_o own_o land_n and_o territory_n and_o that_o they_o acknowledge_v no_o sovereign_a or_o superior_a and_o it_o seem_v that_o in_o process_n of_o time_n some_o western_a king_n affect_v that_o title_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o be_v the_o rather_o persuade_v so_o to_o do_v because_o some_o canonist_n and_o lawyer_n have_v impudent_o maintain_v that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n france_n and_o england_n be_v subject_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n glossa_fw-la in_o cap._n venerabil_n de_fw-fr elect._n in_o verbo_fw-la transtulit_fw-la &_o in_o caput_fw-la venerabil_n qui_fw-la silij_fw-la sint_fw-la legitimi_fw-la bartolus_n in_o caput_fw-la host_n ff_n de_fw-fr captivis_fw-la alciat_fw-la lib._n 2_o disjunct_n c._n 22._o baldus_n in_o cap._n 1_o de_fw-fr pace_n juramento_fw-la fervando_fw-la in_o usibus_fw-la feudorum_fw-la though_o he_o contradict_v himself_o by_o assert_v elsewhere_o that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o first_o illusion_n some_o make_v use_v of_o to_o persuade_v we_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n possess_v the_o same_o right_n as_o the_o emperor_n a_o second_o which_o seem_v to_o have_v some_o more_o ground_n be_v this_o they_o say_v that_o as_o the_o emperor_n that_o be_v after_o vespasian_n have_v the_o right_a to_o divide_v the_o empire_n and_o to_o settle_v it_o by_o their_o will_n on_o their_o heir_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v do_v the_o like_a it_o appear_v thereby_o they_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o same_o right_n the_o emperor_n have_v to_o this_o purpose_n they_o allege_v the_o last_o will_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o son_n william_n rufus_n but_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o vain_a than_o this_o objection_n 1._o we_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o election_n of_o king_n take_v place_n during_o the_o reign_n 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the_o king_n of_o the_o north_n preface_n their_o title_n from_o what_o some_o now_o a_o day_n make_v of_o it_o for_o he_o maintain_v that_o it_o be_v the_o character_n of_o a_o limit_a and_o temper_a government_n see_v how_o he_o express_v himself_o upon_o the_o 8._o ch_z of_o the_o 1_o book_n of_o king_n titulus_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la modo_fw-la regendi_fw-la vitiato_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v illimitato_n as_o he_o express_v himself_o fore_o contradicit_fw-la nam_fw-la titulus_fw-la ejus_fw-la est_fw-la n._n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la romanorum_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o semper_fw-la augustus_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la non_fw-la privatae_fw-la accommodus_fw-la ita_fw-la &_o aliorum_fw-la regum_fw-la protestationes_fw-la sunt_fw-la sub_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la quae_fw-la vitiatum_fw-la principatum_fw-la non_fw-la admittit_fw-la the_o very_a title_n of_o the_o emperor_n say_v he_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o a_o arbitrary_a and_o unlimited_a kind_n of_o government_n for_o 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consider_v the_o
promulgamus_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la ex_fw-la eye_n contra_fw-la reverentiam_fw-la legum_fw-la superba_fw-la dominatione_fw-la &_o fastu_fw-la regio_fw-la in_o flagitiis_fw-la &_o facinore_fw-la sive_fw-la cupiditate_fw-la crudelissimam_fw-la potestatem_fw-la in_o populis_fw-la exercuerit_fw-la anathematis_fw-la sententia_fw-la à _fw-la christo_fw-la domino_fw-la condemnetur_fw-la &_o habeat_fw-la a_o deo_fw-la separationem_fw-la atque_fw-la judicium_fw-la propter_fw-la quod_fw-la praesumpserit_fw-la prava_fw-la agere_fw-la &_o in_o perniciem_fw-la regnum_fw-la deducere_fw-la regnum_fw-la regnum_fw-la deducere_fw-la convertere_fw-la de_fw-fr se_fw-fr suintilane_n vero_fw-la qui_fw-la scelera_fw-la propria_fw-la metuens_fw-la seipsum_fw-la regno_fw-la privavit_fw-la &_o potestatis_fw-la fascibus_fw-la exuit_fw-la id_fw-la cum_fw-la gentis_fw-la consultu_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la ut_fw-la neque_fw-la eundem_fw-la vel_fw-la vxorem_fw-la ejus_fw-la propter_fw-la mala_fw-la 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argument_n may_v satisfy_v those_o who_o since_o the_o late_a mention_v of_o these_o article_n in_o the_o pastoral_n letter_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o salisbury_n have_v have_v the_o civility_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o substance_n of_o these_o article_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o contain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o baron_n due_a to_o they_o by_o the_o unwritten_a or_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o right_n for_o more_o certainty_n be_v in_o several_a reign_v draw_v into_o write_v and_o for_o more_o obligatoriness_n into_o charter_n after_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o norman_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o confessor_n they_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o law_n of_o that_o king._n william_n the_o conqueror_n confirm_v to_o the_o old_a and_o new_a baron_n of_o his_o investiture_n according_a to_o custom_n of_o england_n the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n in_o ingulf_n and_o other_o testimony_n 2._o these_o article_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n be_v recognize_v and_o by_o oath_n re-confirmed_a by_o william_n rufus_n no_o doubt_n at_o his_o coronation_n or_o not_o long_o after_o the_o old_a english_a chronicle_n write_v thus_o william_n rufus_n by_o his_o letter_n summon_v the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n to_o st._n paul_n and_o there_o he_o swear_v and_o make_v to_o they_o surety_n by_o write_v to_o sustain_v and_o maintain_v the_o right_n 3._o king_n henry_n i._o ratify_v these_o right_n in_o his_o charter_n we_o find_v in_o general_a lagam_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la vobis_fw-la reddo_fw-la cum_fw-la it_o emendationibus_fw-la quibus_fw-la pater_fw-la meus_fw-la eam_fw-la emendavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o restore_v to_o you_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n as_o it_o be_v mend_v or_o enlarge_v by_o my_o father_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o baron_n 4._o it_o be_v evident_a that_o king_n john_n to_o omit_v other_o both_o by_o his_o coronation_n oath_n and_o at_o other_o time_n confirm_v these_o article_n or_o explanation_n of_o the_o old_a law._n matth._n paris_n pag._n 239._o the_o king_n john_n strict_o command_v that_o the_o law_n of_o his_o grandfather_n king_n henry_n shall_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o what_o this_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n or_o emendation_n contain_v the_o same_o matth._n paris_n set_v down_o in_o short_a pag._n 252._o the_o charter_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_n contain_v certain_a liberty_n and_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o the_o great_a man_n as_o also_o some_o liberty_n superad_v by_o king_n hen._n i._n and_o pag._n 254._o capitula_fw-la quoque_fw-la legum_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o head_n or_o article_n of_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n which_o the_o great_a man_n desire_v to_o be_v confirm_v be_v already_o enter_v partly_o above_o in_o the_o charter_n
the_o same_o limitation_n of_o the_o regal_a power_n in_o denmark_n as_o pontanus_n observe_v in_o his_o 8_o book_n and_o it_o be_v for_o endeavour_v to_o break_v through_o these_o bound_n that_o christiern_n the_o ii_o be_v depose_v as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o petersen_n in_o chron._n holsat_fw-la where_o he_o have_v set_v down_o the_o act_n and_o reason_n of_o the_o state_n of_o denmark_n about_o that_o proceed_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n be_v a_o power_n limit_v by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o state_n be_v a_o matter_n so_o notorious_a that_o chalcondilas_n have_v make_v it_o his_o observation_n in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o history_n where_o he_o compare_v the_o royalty_n of_o hungary_n in_o that_o respect_n to_o the_o kingly_a power_n in_o england_n and_o which_o may_v be_v far_o make_v out_o by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o hungary_n set_v down_o by_o bonfinius_n decad._n 4._o lib._n 9_o where_o we_o also_o find_v the_o oath_n take_v by_o those_o king_n at_o their_o coronation_n be_v the_o most_o express_o conditional_a that_o can_v be_v imagine_v chalcondile_n say_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n and_o navarre_n lib._n 5._o where_o he_o observe_v that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o create_v the_o magistrate_n that_o they_o can_v not_o make_v any_o garrison_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o they_o can_v not_o require_v any_o thing_n of_o they_o contrary_a to_o their_o custom_n that_o be_v to_o say_v contrary_a to_o their_o law_n according_o we_o find_v that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v no_o power_n to_o lay_v any_o new_a imposition_n upon_o their_o subject_n without_o their_o consent_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o swear_v they_o will_v observe_v the_o law_n and_o in_o arragon_n the_o people_n declare_v to_o the_o king_n at_o his_o coronation_n that_o if_o they_o do_v not_o perform_v their_o oath_n and_o promise_n their_o subject_n be_v thereby_o set_v free_a from_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n we_o find_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n but_o especial_o in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o alphonsus_n iii_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o which_o kingdom_n we_o find_v in_o the_o 17_o title_n of_o the_o ordinance_n of_o portugal_n lib._n 2._o 2._o 2_o 3._o &_o seq_n so_o true_a be_v it_o that_o all_o those_o kingdom_n never_o in_o the_o least_o suppose_a that_o their_o king_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n over_o they_o and_o it_o be_v as_o certain_a that_o almost_o all_o those_o state_n have_v always_o maintain_v that_o the_o power_n of_o their_o sovereign_n be_v so_o limit_v 1._o that_o they_o can_v make_v no_o law_n without_o the_o state_n general_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 2._o that_o they_o can_v not_o levy_v any_o money_n on_o their_o subject_n without_o their_o consent_n 3._o that_o they_o can_v not_o break_v the_o law_n according_a to_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n 4._o that_o in_o case_n of_o their_o violate_v the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o state_n they_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v deprive_v of_o a_o power_n which_o they_o abuse_v 5._o that_o the_o state_n be_v free_a to_o choose_v such_o a_o form_n of_o government_n and_o such_o a_o person_n for_o to_o govern_v they_o as_o they_o think_v most_o expedient_a for_o they_o this_o be_v that_o which_o i_o intend_v to_o prove_v more_o particular_o by_o example_n take_v from_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n france_n scotland_n and_o england_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v some_o remark_n upon_o those_o title_n which_o deceive_v some_o who_o consider_v thing_n of_o this_o nature_n with_o too_o little_a attention_n chap._n xii_o that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n be_v a_o limit_a power_n this_o be_v a_o matter_n that_o may_v be_v easy_o gather_v from_o these_o follow_a instance_n 1._o because_o charles_n the_o great_a who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o roman_a emperor_n reign_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n of_o who_o opinion_n concern_v a_o absolute_a and_o despotical_a government_n tacitus_n have_v give_v we_o some_o account_n who_o represent_v they_o as_o have_v the_o great_a abhorrence_n for_o it_o 2._o because_o lewis_n the_o good_a do_v himself_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v share_v between_o he_o and_o the_o chief_a member_n of_o the_o empire_n capitular_a lib._n 2._o tit._n 3._o sed_fw-la quanquam_fw-la summa_fw-la huius_fw-la ministerii_fw-la in_o nostra_fw-la persona_fw-la consistere_fw-la videatur_fw-la tamen_fw-la &_o divinâ_fw-la authoritate_fw-la &_o humanâ_fw-la ordinatione_fw-la ita_fw-la per_fw-la part_n divisum_fw-la esse_fw-la cognoscitur_fw-la ut_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la vestrûm_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o ordine_fw-la partem_fw-la nostri_fw-la ministerii_fw-la habere_fw-la cognoscatur_fw-la but_o though_o the_o whole_a of_o this_o ministry_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o our_o person_n yet_o it_o be_v know_v to_o be_v so_o share_v and_o divide_v as_o well_o by_o divine_a authority_n as_o humane_a ordination_n that_o every_o one_o of_o you_o in_o his_o respective_a place_n and_o order_n be_v know_v to_o partake_v of_o this_o ministry_n thus_o be_v he_o please_v to_o express_v himself_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n general_n who_o authority_n he_o own_v to_o be_v as_o much_o of_o divine_a right_n as_o his_o own_o which_o make_v charles_n du_fw-fr moulin_n the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o french_a lawyer_n say_v ergo_fw-la solum_fw-la caput_fw-la non_fw-la omne_fw-la potest_fw-la imo_fw-la persona_fw-la principis_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la caput_fw-la nisi_fw-la organicum_fw-la sed_fw-la verum_fw-la caput_fw-la est_fw-la principatus_fw-la ipse_fw-la cum_fw-la membris_fw-la integrantibus_fw-la eum_fw-la wherefore_o the_o head_n alone_o can_v do_v all_o yea_o the_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v only_o the_o organical_a head_n but_o the_o true_a head_n be_v the_o principality_n itself_o with_o its_o integral_a constitute_v member_n which_o be_v his_o express_a word_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o style_n of_o parliament_n dedicate_v to_o the_o first_o precedent_n of_o paris_n and_o print_v with_o privilege_n 3._o because_o though_o the_o western_a empire_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v so_o hereditary_a that_o the_o emperor_n have_v divide_v it_o among_o their_o child_n yet_o in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o become_v elective_a which_o begin_v to_o take_v place_n in_o the_o eleven_o century_n in_o the_o person_n of_o rudolphus_n 4._o in_o that_o they_o always_o exclude_v female_n from_o the_o succession_n to_o the_o empire_n though_o they_o have_v respect_n in_o their_o choice_n to_o the_o imperial_a blood._n with_o respect_n to_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n we_o find_v that_o though_o the_o empire_n be_v a_o monarchical_a government_n yet_o we_o see_v it_o be_v mix_v with_o aristocracy_n for_o the_o emperor_n can_v enjoy_v it_o but_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n without_o make_v himself_o liable_a to_o be_v contradict_v and_o depose_v also_o he_o have_v not_o the_o right_n of_o make_v law_n without_o the_o consent_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o declare_v war_n without_o the_o forego_n consent_n of_o the_o state_n he_o have_v no_o right_a of_o levy_v any_o imposition_n on_o the_o state_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n whenever_o he_o begin_v to_o usurp_v the_o right_n that_o do_v not_o belong_v unto_o he_o and_o to_o infringe_v the_o rule_n of_o government_n he_o have_v swear_v to_o observe_v the_o state_n have_v a_o right_a to_o oppose_v his_o erterprise_n to_o repel_v force_n with_o force_n and_o final_o to_o deprive_v he_o of_o the_o empire_n in_o case_n he_o continue_v in_o the_o design_n of_o change_v the_o form_n of_o government_n for_o though_o there_o be_v no_o law_n which_o bind_v and_o regulate_v the_o article_n of_o the_o depose_v of_o emperor_n when_o they_o abuse_v their_o power_n for_o the_o overturning_a of_o the_o state_n or_o for_o invade_v the_o right_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o imperial_a city_n yet_o the_o german_n have_v always_o hold_v and_o still_o do_v hold_v it_o for_o a_o certain_a truth_n that_o it_o be_v a_o right_n inherent_a in_o the_o empire_n to_o deprive_v a_o emperor_n of_o the_o imperial_a power_n and_o dignity_n and_o to_o confer_v the_o same_o on_o another_o this_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o german_a lawyer_n represent_v to_o we_o by_o lampadius_n arnizaeus_n diderick_n conringe_n and_o many_o other_o and_o indeed_o we_o may_v say_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o certain_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o example_n of_o emperor_n that_o have_v be_v depose_v since_o these_o 7_o or_o 800_o year_n example_n that_o be_v neither_o rare_a