equall Iustice vnto all which hee knew to be her Maiesties minde And quoth he this sword laying his hand vpon the sword of State shall punish ill doers without partiality and protect the good subiect from violence and iniury but because words and deedes doe now a dayes vse to dwell farre assunder I leaue you that heare me now hereafter to iudge mee and my words by my deedes This short speech being pronounced in such a manner as his naturall Maiestie of personage spirit and countenance did vsually afford receiued no lesse applause from the standers by then it gaue them hope it would proue a debt wherein the payment would iustly follow the promise The ceremony being ended with the accustomed rites thereunto belonging The next day hee communicated in Councell his commission and instructions which for the better satisfaction of such as mistake the graunt of that gouernment both in limit of authority and terme of Residencie I haue thought meete to declare that his Pattent was as all other Deputies not with limitation The amplitude of the Deputies Cōmission of yeares or time of gouernment but during pleasure containing power to make warre and peace To leauy Armes and Forces for that purpose To punish and pardon offenders To conferre all Offices and collate all Spirituall promotions and dignities a fewe of them excepted concluded with the greatest Latitude of authority which can bee giuen a Subiect which is to doe all things in cases of Iustice and gouernment as the Prince might doe being present The reseruation of making Priuie Counsailers great Officers Bishops and such like alwayes giuen heere by the Prince himselfe with diuers other things too long to be here recited In his priuate instructions besides matters of profit as sparing her Maiesties purse and easing her charge setling of differences amongst the subiects and planting indifferencie betweene the superiour and inferiour taking away thereby dependencie The erecting of the Vniuersity in Dublin giuē in charge to the Deputy the bane of that Kingdome There was precisely giuen him in charge the erection of an Vniuersity in Dublin for the aduancement of learning neuer till that time set on foote and that by this Deputies vrging though long time before proiected and in King Edward the sixt time intended So soone as the mists of Ignorance the mother of Popish deuotion was by the shining reformation of Religion dispierced and most especially requisite in that Kingdome as a chiefe spring and fountaine of ciuility His authority thus shewed He fell with them in Councell touching the affaires of that Kingdome both as it was giuen him in charge and as they were presented to the viewe of his owne experient iudgement wherein he spent eighteene dayes after which consultation hee fell to shewe the fruites of Councell in setting downe acts and decrees Amnestia or the act of Obliuion for the good of her Maiesties seruice and Kingdome amongst which was Amnestia or the act of Obliuion according to the institution of the ancient and excellent Law-giuers the Lacedemonians being in the nature of a generall pardon for offences past which was both a mercifull and a politique prouision to keepe Transgressours from despaire the ready mean to enduce them to the encrease of mischiefe but being reduced to obedience by this act of clemencie and so setled in security It was most probable and likely that they who had lately felt the smart of raging and wantfull warre would now kisse peace and embrace it with a firmer constancy At the same time he sent into England the sonne of the late Earle of Desmond being but young and yet held dangerous hee should be bred in that Kingdome where practise might worke his escape and little meanes was to yeeld him a meete breeding with request for his carefull education here that Religion and ciuility might after leade him to the performance of those duties wherein through barbarisme his Predecessours had erred and trangressed Then like a good Gouernour that would abandon ease the mother of errour and corruption The Lord Deputies Progresse into Connaught Mounster he left Dublin the seate of State to settle the remote parts and Prouinces of Mounster and Connaught vnder their Gouernours newly sent ouer General Norrys Lord President of Mounster and Captaine Richard Bingham chiefe Commissioner of Connaught in whose choise this Lord Deputy as I haue heard had a great hand iudging them meete men both for the managing of warre and conseruation of peace So much did their valour iudgement and experience promise for them who had at that time gained the reputation of the two most able Captaines of our Nation wherein his wisedome or fortune did appeare the greater when by such meanes his directions should not onely be skilfully performed but himselfe cased of that care and feare a Chiefe is subiect to when his substitutes be weake especially such principall Gouernours as haue power to answere suddaine occasions vpon their owne discretions but how sufficient so euer they were as his authority was to gouerne them so he thought it his part to guide them by the example of his owne worke purposing in those Prouinces to heare complaints to redresse abuses to decide controuersies and to appease dissentions and quarrels betweene Lords of Countries and men of Ability and speciall quality whose discords and controuersies had vsually drawne them into vnwarrantable actions and many times enforced the Prince both to the hazard and losse of the good Subiects and to the expence of Treasure to bring an Army to appease their quarrels as in the contention betweene Desmond and Ormonde had lately falne out and that which is most dangerous in that Kingdome It hath alwayes beene found that Rebellion hath beene the Successour of priuate quarrels Mischiefe like ambition clyming to the highest places For these ends and purposes the Deputy tooke his iourney from Dublin the thirteenth day of Iuly attended on by diuers persons of account in that State and came to Molingarre the 16. of the same moneth where to preuent discouery of such intelligence as should passe betweene him and the Councell at Dublin by the interception of his or their Letters Hee deuised and sent thence to the Lord Chancellour and Sir Henry Wallop the Treasurer the late Iustices and now by him authorised for the dispatch of the affaires of the State in his absence The Deputies Alphabeticall deuice of secrecie certaine ciphers and figures framed after an Alphabet importing the names of some of the chiefe persons and places in England and Ireland which deuise for secrecie was most necessarie in that Kingdome where the people are very inquisitiue and in the succeeding Warre were apt to giue discouery to the Rebell as well for Religions sake as to gaine fauour vpon his Incursions The want of this course had like to haue opened to the Rebell the last and greatest intention of the Lord Burgh against them by the interception of his last Letter to the
met him in Connaught with Mac Morris Oswilliuan More the Knight of Kerry and certaine Septs of the Galloglasses who accompanied him to Limbrick where there came vnto him all the principall persons of that Prouince sauing the chiefe of the County of Corke as the Lords Barry and Roche Sir Owen-Mac-Carthie and others who did accompany their Sheriffe Sir William Stanley prouided to entertaine him and present themselues vpon the Confines of their owne County but were preuented by the Northerne newes already mentioned the Deputy hauing changed his purpose of visiting those parts Malachias Amalone a Fryar conuerted In this passage thorow Connaught Malachias Amalone brother to Mac William Eughter who had long beene a Fryar was brought vnto him and by him with priuate consultation and dispute made to vnderstand his errours Hee publiquely and before a great Assembly did renounce the Pope and Romish Religion gaue ouer his order and habit and made his Recantation by professing himselfe a Protestant and conformable to the Religion established in her Maiesties Dominions With these courses of Prouidence Iustice ending of Controuersies and taking security for the preseruation of future Peace the people generally seemed to be well pleased and satisfied but in nothing more then with the correction of the Sheriffes corruptions and limiting them to a small number of followers who had formerly vsed with Multitudes to trauaile and Cesse vnder colour of Seruice to the grieuous oppression of the Country so as mixing the peoples case from exaction with their reformation they gladly yeelded to the hardest conditions that colde bee desired to keepe them in obedience and due subiection These parts being left to the care of the Iustices and other selected Commissioners The Deputy retired with as much celerity as hee could towards Dublin and in his way as hee passed through Leix hee tooke Pledges of Fiaugh Order taken with the heads of Lemster for the certainty of their obedience Mac Hugh the Fierbrand of the Mountaines betweene Dublin and Wexford which were his Sonne and Vncle and for the rest of his Sept the Obyms and O-Tooles Sir Henry Harrington the Captaine and Commaunder of that Country was appointed to receiue the liâ—e The two brethren of the Oconnors who vsed to be followed with great troupes of Sauaging and idle people doing and threatning mischiefe to the Queene and Kings Counties and the parts adioyning submitted themselues there to the Deputy and were by him reduced to a more orderly course by putting away their idle men and bringing their Sept and followers into a smaller proportion according to their quality After the death of Iames More alias Meigh the Mores who challenge dominion in Lâ—ix were deuide into two or three Septs them the Deputy caused to render Pledges for their Loyalties as the Oconnors had done The Canaâ—aghs not being ready with their Pledges who are the bordering busie men of the Counties of Wexford Catherlogh and Kildare were respited to performe the same to Sir Henry Wallop Sir Nicholas Walsh and other Commissioners appointed for the suruaying the Forts of Mary Burgh and Philips Towne The Forts of Mary-Burgh and Philips Towne built by the Earle of Sussex Philips Towne and the Kings County was assigned to the commaund of Sir George Bourgier and Mary Burgh with the Queenes County to Captaine Warham St. Leger which Forts were built and Counties so named in Queene Maries time by the Earle of Sussex then Lieutenant of Ireland before begun by Edward Bollingham being otherwise called Leix and Ophaly these being the first Counties that The King and Queens Counties diuided by the Earle of Sussex had beene in this Kingdome since King Iohns Reigne at what time the twelue first Shires were established which enlarging of the English Plantation was a Seruice of very great moment those two Irish Septs of Mores and Oconnors possessing these two Countries being the most powerfull Rebels of Lemster at that time and by this good Earle and his Predecessour happily brought vnder The Orealies as wel Sir Iohn as Philip being then in controuersie were thence suÌ„moned by the Lord Deputy to repaire to him at Dublin which shortly after they performed and submitted their cause to his order who appeased their controuersie by setling an indifferent course betweene them to both their lykings Hauing secured all the Westerne parts in the manner as is declared which was certified vnto England by those of the Priuie Councell that attended him in this iourney he repaired to Dublin vpon the 9. day of August hauing bin absent a moneth wanting two daies where he remained sixteene dayes to make prouision of conuenient power and meanes for his Northerne iourney for to resist the Inuasion of the Scottish Ilanders whereof his intelligence did dayly encrease and to suppresse the rebellious purpose of the Vlster Confederates making the greater hast to keepe them from vniting His force which hee could on such a suddaine make was the Earle of Ormond and his Rising out The Earle of Thomond and his The Army for the North. From Mounster the Lord Barrys his Rising out sent by his brother The Lord Roche and Fitz Gibon called the white Knight with theirs The rising out of the County of Kildare The Lord of Trimelstowne with the rising out of Meathe The Vice-Count Gormâ—nstowne and the Lord of Heathe with other rising out of the English Pale being such of the olde English discent as were tyed by their tenures and custome of Seruice to leauy certaine Horse and Foote called Risings out to attend the Deputy or chiefe Gouernour for a time without the Princes charge in all Seruices of importance when hee went himselfe in person To these were added ten English Companies of Foote of one hundred in each Company vnder the Command 1 Sir Henry Wallops Company commanded by his Lieutenant 2 Captaine Rees ap Hugh the Prouost Marshall 3 Captaine Thomas Lea. 4 Captaine Bethell 5 Captaine Randal Brewerton 6 Captaine Merryman 7 Captaine Mince 8 Captaine Parker 9 Captaine Collum 10 Captaine Bangor These Companies Risings out and some halfe Companies of Kerne brought by particular Irish Lords being ready The Deputy accompanied with the afore-named Lords Generall Norreys Lord President of Moâ—nster Sir Nicholas Bagnall then Marshall of Ireland Captaine Iaques Wingfield then Master of the Ordnance Sir George Bourchier Sir William Stanley Mr. Thomas Norreys Sir Henry Harrington all Gouernours Commanders and most of them ancient Captaines well experienced with him likewise went Sir Robert Dillon chief Iustice of the Common Pleas Sir Lucas Dillon chiefe Baron of the Exchequer Sir Nicholas White Master of the Rolls Master Ieffrey Fenton Secretary of the State Master Henry Bagnall Sir Edward Denny Sir Iohn Tyrrell of Farrtallaugh Master Dudleigh Bagnall Sir Henry Cooley Sir Thomas More Sir Anthony Brabauson Warham Saint Leger Henry Warren and William Warren his brother set-forwards from Dublin the fiue and twenty day of August and came to the Newry the 29. thereof where
the passage of the Bill and vpon demaund obtained conference with the Deputy touching the same and departed seeming satisfied in their duties wherevpon the Parliament was adiourned for three weekes Afterwards notwithstanding the qualification The Cōmons against the Bill concerning Poynings Act. of this Bill agreed vpon by their Cōmitties they ouerthrew it the second time The iealousie and mistaking of some Lawyers ioyned to them of the English Pale likewise suspecting the repeale of this Statute was intended for some other end then was pretended made much contention and dislike about it and by withstanding it gaine-saide their owne profits for indeede it was preferred to no other end but to haue free liberty without restraint to treate of such matters as might equally concerne the good of that Kingdome yet such strength hath Iealousie and Suspition to hinder good endeuours as seeking to auoyd harmes preuents the good which is intended and by a by course runnes with a full sayle vpon the mischiefes feared Notwithstanding this discention about Poynings Act whereof some that did most in publique oppose it did afterwards in priuate confesse their errour yet diuers profitable Acts were passed both for the priuate and publique in this first Session which ended the 25 of May and was prorogued till Aprill following Amongst the rest a Bill being preferred Prerogation of the Parliament for the Attainder of the late Earle of Desmond and passing his Lands by Excheate to the Crowne receiued at the first some opposition by the meanes of one Iohn Fitzedmonds A Bill for the attainder of Desmond passed who shewed there a Feofment made by the late Earle before he enterd into actuall Rebellion vntill Sir Henry Wallop the Treasurer brought in an Instrument of Confederacy betweene the Earle and his Followers bearing date before the Feofment vnto which Fitzedmonds own hand was subscribed which Treasonable subtilty being well weighed and considered of the Bill passed without difficulty Soone after the end of this Session notice was giuen to the Deputy of a new practise of Alexander Mac Surly's intention to inuade the North. Alexander Mac Surly sonne to Surleboys vnder the colour of a discention betweene him and the chiefe Lords of Vlster to draw againe the Scottish Islanders thither who had prepared in a readinesse 400 of those firebrands daily expected to arriue And because Tirlogh Leynaugh Oneale was weakened by want of gouernment and by age growne vnable to rule his people but much more disabled by his late dependency vpon the State and conformity to the will of the Deputy through the peruerse Nature of those people growth was giuen to the Baron of Donganon his aspiring who quickly tooke occasion thereby to aduance himselfe into the hearts of those barbarous and State despising people Therefore the Deputy by the assent of the Councell resolued vpon another iourney into Vlster and so speedily performed it as hee was enforced to go with much lesse power prouision then hee had done in the former setting forwards The Deputies second iourney into the North. vpon the 26 day of Iuly and passed speedily as farre as Donganon in the County of Tyrone the Barons chiefe seate Hether being by the Deputy sent for repaired all the Chiefetaines of Vlster except those of the Claniboyes whom hee appointed to defend that Coast of the Country against the Islanders inuasion Oneale with his pretended Vriaghs and Dependents Odonnell and his Followers especially Hugh Duffe Odonnell the elected Tawnist or next succeeding Lord of that Countrey who brought with him Odogherty and Sir Owen Otoole yeelded to all his Lordships demands which hee thought meete to require at their hands but Iames Caraugh a man of account amongst the Donelaughs and most deuoted to Shane Oneales family auoyded the Deputies All the chiefes sauing Bryan Caragh submit themselues to the Deputy presence of which for the present no great notice was taken At this time the Deputy did perfect the reducing of this Prouince into Shires or Counties as was before appointed by placing and setting bounds with aduice of the Country to each County After which perceiuing that the Ilanders continued on in their purpose of Incursion into Vlster he sent one Captaine Dawtrey vnto the King of Scots with Captain Dawtry sent into Scotland Letters to moue his Maiesty against this their frequent course of inuading the Queenes Dominion and that if hee would be pleased to restraine his people from the same and to cause restitution to be made of some Irish Merchants goods taken and with-held in some parts of Scotland there should bee the like correspondencie of Iustice shewed to his Maiesties Subiects comming into Ireland while he gouerned in that Kingdome The King of Scots answer To this the King returned a Princely answere signifying that he had receiued his Letter which manifested his good disposition to Iustice as formerly he had taken notice thereof by his Order with the Merchants of Scotland restoring their goods restrained in sundry parts of Ireland for which good Office he gaue him many thanks promising the like that the Merchants of Dublin and Carick Fergus lately robbed or pretended so to bee should haue the same course of Iustice at his hands As for the restraint of Surleboy with his brother their sonnes and followers which the Deputy omitted in his Letter as a point committed onely to the credite of the Bearer the King also promised immediately to direct his Letters to inhibit them vpon paine of Treason from molesting any of the Queenes Subiects and if they neuerthelesse should attempt the contrary his Highnesse would vse them as Rebels and to that end gaue Commission to Mac Allen and the Country thereabouts to rise and prosecute them accordingly but before the deliuery of this Letter which bore date at Saint Andrews in Scotland the fourth of August 1585 or immediately after and before the Kings pleasure could be made knowne to any his Gouernours or Subiects The Ilanders to The arriuall of the Ilanders in Vlster the number of 400 arriued in Vlster and ioyning with Con Mac Neale Oges sonne and with those of the Dufferin The Okelleys most of the Wood kerne of Kilwarlen Mac Cartines Country and with Hugh Mac Felmis son they had doubled their number within a fortnight to at least 800 such being the condition of that Country people as to be quickly weary of Peace wherein the worke of ciuillity might be wrought being a thing as hatefull to the Barbarous as Barbarisme and wildnesse is to a people flourishing in wealth and ciuillitie vnder a vvise Gouernement So sweet is Idlenesse to those who haue neuer tasted the fruite of Industry wherein the Gouernours of Ireland for the most part had hitherto fayled euen since the Conquest of the same neglecting the wayes and courses to ciuilize those called the wilde Irish whereby the English Families gouerned according to the custome of England following the Nature of man euer enclining to
that hee had taken strict courses in his gouernment as requiring the Oath of obedience appointing Officers to looke into mens Patents Warrants giuen in the late Parliament to preferre Bills for making the like Lawes as were in England against Recusants Causing a Bill to be preferred in the first Session for the suspension of Poynings Act to the hazard of stirring vp a commotion Vrging that these courses did decline the people from peace to vnquietnesse Such force had slander got by malicious Enuie as to make a Bee a Spider and to worke that honey without of the flowers of his iudgement and sincerity he had painfully gathered to a corrupt poyson as by the wofull effect it in after time too manifestly appeared This information was giuen against him by such as hee had left in trust for State causes in his absence especially by the Chancellor the Archbishop of Dublin a man of great wisedome and experience and such a one as for his parts might well merit the estimation of an extraordinary States-man and Councellor and it was pitty these good things should be the cause of euill effects for betweene him and the Deputy were discontentments grounded vpon directions giuen by the Deputy in The Deputy and Chancellour differ about the erecting of the Vniuersity the last Parliament for conuersion of the liuing of Saint Patricks in Dublin to the maintenance of a Colledge and Vniuersity there to be erected first intended by King Edward the sixt and now at this time giuen in charge to this Deputy by the Queene which hee accordingly purposed to prosecute as a certaine foundation of the reformation of that Kingdome which howsoeuer the Chancellour could not but in his iudgement know and allowe of yet in respect some of his kindred friends and Allies were interrested in these possessions hee gaue great opposition therevnto pretending the cause to be in right of the Church whereof he vndertooke to be the Patron Likewise as it seemed hee tooke to heart the peremptory proceeding of the Deputy as well in other matters of State as in this finding himselfe slighted of that regard some precedent Gouernours had yeelded him for he being a Prelate great in place and made greater by the Offices hee had lately borne now finding that this mans prosperous beginning caried perchance with a more absolute Authority then others had vsually exercised if it were not crossed would breede a diminution of his power in that State by his wisedome already highly planted preferring his particular too tenderly which to preserue The Chancellour raiseth a faction against the Deputy hee fell into contention with the Deputie and raised a faction against him of some of the Counsaile as Sir Henry Bagnall who had married his sister to his eldest sonne and others so that from hence sprung not onely priuate informations but publique crosings at the Councell Table euen in things which if they had beene peaceably handled might haue much aduanced her Maiesties Seruice and the good of that Kingdome Such is the State of Ambition is it neuer sees any way but by the staires of its owne climing The Deputy makes answere to these obiections against his late Northerne iourney and the other things already mentioned especially for the conuersion of Saint Patrickes Liuing therein indeede lying the most assured roote of reformation Neuerthelesse the Lord Chancellour taking vpon him as is saide to bee the onely Patron of the Church affaires and knowing his power with the Lord Treasurer of England in the ballance of whose wisedome most State causes especially concerning England and Ireland were at that time cast laboureth by all meanes to hinder the Deputies proceeding as well by his Letters which heretofore had beene preualent as by his Agents who watched the best opportunity and tooke the right way of preuailing in Court which the Deputy not suspecting or at least not fearing trusting to the waight of his owne zeale The Chancellor in England preuaileth could not preuent whereby at length the Chancellour so farre preuailed in that one point as Letters were written from the Queen and Councell to make stay of the conuersion of those Liuings withall aduertisement is giuen by the Queene to them both that shee had taken notice of their contentions with admonition to for beare such crossing as must needes giue impediment to the publique seruice The Queene reproueth the Chancellour by her letters And by her owne particular Letter to the Chancellour in expresse manner shee commanded a reformation wherein was to be obsorued how carefull shee was of the common good though the interest of the Chancellours friends in her fauour wrought deepely to the aduancement of his particular But this her gracious admonition was not well followed oney ther side for the Deputy being by nature cholletick and not able to endure the affronts of an Inferiour especially discerning that the Chancellours particular ends had gained respect aboue his publique which to a good Patriots patience was no small mouer could not containe himselfe vpon the prouoking words of his wily Aduersary who omitted no meanes or occasion that might enforce his intemperance and so distemperd hee so The Deputy through choller exceeded himselfe exceeded himselfe as he spared not the greatest by whom he thought himselfe wronged which fault of his is iudiciously obserued by Sir Walter Raleigh to haue beene the greatest cause of his ouerthrowe priuate misrespect oftentimes swaying in a Princes heart more then publique miscarriage So the one not brooking an equall and the other eâ—â—ying a Superiour the bonds of charity patience and policy were by both broken Vpon the Chancellours side the then Secretary a Moath in all the Deputies garments The Secretaries double dealing with the Deputy of his time was factious who vpon the beginning of the Parliament hold in Ireland was imployed into England to negotiate in the affaires thereof which at the first hee seemed well to attend and desirous that the successe of that Parliament might breede the common good but at length either by the euill of me owne disposition or wrought by the Deputies Aduersaries in Court or the Chancellours instigation hee became from a priuate Practizer a publique and professed Aduersary for whereas by his Letter of the â—1 Iuly 〈…〉 signified her Maiesties good allowance of the Deputies seruice in these words That hee had procured generall peace and had gayned the peoples hearts vnto their Prince but on the ninth of September following hee wrote of the alteration of the Queenes good opinion in some of his Seruices which being likewise manifested by some other such his sharpe intelligence and some circumstances especially her Maiesties owne Letters concurring which hee brought ouer the Deputy was confirmed in his opinion of the Secretaries factions and false informing courses against him Vpon receipt of which Letters being partly admonitory and partly reprehensiue although the Queene was pleased to signifie therein that shee was well perswaded of his care and