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of_o his_o new_o achieved_a &_o conquereâ—_n kingdom_n here_o end_v the_o government_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n over_o this_o land_n have_v continue_v 600._o year_n some_o do_v attribute_v this_o notorious_a alteration_n and_o change_n â—o_o the_o corruption_n in_o the_o magistrate_n and_o the_o superstitious_a cowardliness_n of_o the_o clergy_n other_o to_o the_o influence_n of_o a_o coâ—et_n other_o immediate_o refer_v the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o the_o divine_a providence_n that_o dispose_v of_o kingdom_n by_o a_o unknown_a but_o never_o unjust_a sentence_n and_o decree_n but_o they_o that_o more_o strict_o examine_v that_o point_n and_o look_v into_o the_o next_o appear_v cause_n cast_v the_o blame_n chief_o upon_o king_n edward_n who_o through_o a_o vain_a glorious_a show_n of_o religious_a chastity_n take_v no_o more_o care_n to_o raise_v up_o seed_n unto_o himself_o for_o want_v whereof_o his_o kingdom_n after_o his_o death_n be_v leave_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o ambition_n of_o 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after_o he_o have_v thus_o far_o proceed_v and_o bring_v this_o our_o most_o noble_a and_o flourish_a island_n of_o britain_n under_o the_o several_a governement_n of_o the_o two_o absolute_a king_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n my_o purpose_n be_v as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v to_o prosecute_v the_o joinct_a history_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n only_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o matter_n shall_v concern_v they_o both_o whether_o it_o tend_v to_o war_n and_o variance_n or_o to_o peace_n and_o amity_n william_n the_o conqueror_n king_n of_o england_n duke_n william_n have_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n in_o manner_n aforesaid_a obtain_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o this_o land_n 1066._o 1066._o be_v with_o much_o solemnity_n crown_v king_n of_o england_n on_o christmas_n day_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 1066._o who_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o part_n of_o a_o conqueror_n perform_v the_o same_o in_o his_o right_a kind_n
which_o at_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o scottish_a duke_n he_o forbear_v to_o spoil_v content_v himself_o with_o those_o present_n which_o the_o merchant_n offer_v unto_o he_o and_o his_o captain_n here_o he_o cause_v garter_n king_n at_o arm_n by_o open_a proclamation_n to_o admonish_v king_n james_n who_o keep_v himself_o within_o the_o castle_n world_n not_o be_v speak_v withal_o to_o observe_v and_o perform_v all_o such_o covenant_n promise_n and_o agreement_n as_o he_o have_v former_o subscribe_v unto_o and_o by_o his_o seal_n confirm_v to_o the_o use_n and_o behoof_n of_o king_n edward_n and_o also_o to_o make_v sufficient_a recompense_n to_o his_o subject_n for_o all_o the_o damage_n they_o have_v sustain_v by_o the_o sundry_a invasion_n of_o the_o scot_n while_o the_o league_n yet_o continue_v between_o the_o two_o nation_n and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v before_o the_o first_o day_n of_o august_n next_o follow_v and_o further_o to_o restore_v his_o brother_n the_o duke_n of_o albany_n to_o his_o former_a estate_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n not_o detract_n or_o diminish_v any_o part_n of_o his_o possession_n office_n and_o authority_n which_o at_o any_o time_n before_o he_o hold_v and_o enjoy_v within_o the_o same_o otherwise_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o all_o and_o every_o of_o those_o demand_n than_o he_o the_o say_a duke_n his_o lieutenant_n general_a will_v forthwith_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n pursue_v the_o destructioâ—â—â—â—d_a utter_a spoil_n of_o he_o and_o his_o kingdom_n here-unto_a king_n james_n not_o know_v present_o what_o answer_n to_o make_v be_v altogether_o silent_a but_o the_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n who_o now_o be_v not_o in_o any_o great_a trust_n and_o favour_n with_o their_o king_n have_v assemble_v their_o force_n at_o hadington_n and_o find_v themselves_o unable_a therewith_o to_o encounter_v the_o puissance_n of_o the_o english_a army_n think_v it_o best_a to_o offer_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n hope_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n by_o fair_a promise_n to_o allure_v the_o duke_n of_o albany_n from_o his_o amity_n with_o england_n here-upon_a by_o their_o letter_n date_v the_o second_o of_o august_n they_o signify_v to_o the_o general_n that_o it_o be_v all_o their_o desire_n that_o the_o former_a contract_n of_o marriage_n between_o the_o prince_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n daughter_n shall_v take_v place_n according_a to_o the_o covenant_n agree_v upon_o concern_v the_o same_o and_o also_o that_o a_o firm_a peace_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n may_v thenceforth_a be_v due_o observe_v on_o both_o side_n and_o that_o nothing_o have_v be_v do_v by_o they_o tend_v to_o the_o breach_n thereof_o here-unto_a duke_n riâ—hâ—rd_n answer_v that_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o marriage_n he_o be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o the_o king_n his_o â—â—others_n pleasure_n therein_o and_o therefore_o can_v say_v nothing_o to_o that_o point_n but_o he_o have_v commission_n to_o demand_v such_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o their_o king_n have_v before_o receive_v since_o he_o no_o more_o respect_v the_o observance_n of_o the_o covenant_n agree_v unto_o at_o the_o treaty_n of_o that_o marriage_n and_o that_o the_o bâ—each_n of_o one_o principal_a article_n frustrate_v all_o the_o rest_n as_o for_o peace_n he_o answer_v flat_o that_o he_o will_v yield_v to_o none_o unless_o the_o castle_n of_o berwick_n may_v immediate_o be_v deliver_v up_o unto_o he_o or_o at_o the_o least_o unless_o they_o will_v bind_v themselves_o by_o oath_n neither_o to_o remove_v the_o siege_n nor_o to_o relieve_v the_o same_o till_o it_o be_v surrender_v or_o take_v by_o force_n the_o scottish_a lord_n upon_o these_o demand_n send_v unto_o the_o general_n the_o bishop_n of_o murrey_n and_o the_o lord_n dernley_n with_o these_o instruction_n first_o as_o touch_v the_o repayment_n of_o those_o sum_n of_o money_n which_o be_v by_o he_o demand_v the_o same_o be_v not_o due_a the_o time_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v restore_v again_o according_a to_o the_o agreement_n at_o the_o treaty_n of_o marriage_n for_o as_o yet_o both_o the_o party_n be_v under_o age_n but_o if_o the_o duke_n think_v the_o former_a assurance_n insufficient_a they_o will_v do_v any_o thing_n as_o far_o as_o reason_v require_v to_o satisfy_v he_o to_o his_o full_a contentment_n secondlie_o as_o concern_v the_o yield_v up_o of_o berwicke_n castle_n the_o same_o be_v situate_a within_o the_o ancient_a confine_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n and_o proper_o appertain_v there-unto_a and_o therefore_o it_o can_v not_o without_o open_a wrong_n be_v take_v and_o keep_v from_o they_o the_o duke_n notwithstanding_a this_o their_o plea_n will_v not_o harken_v to_o any_o motion_n of_o peace_n unless_o that_o castle_n be_v forthwith_o deliver_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n his_o brother_n the_o same_o day_n be_v the_o three_o of_o august_n coline_n earl_n of_o aâ—gile_n andrew_n steward_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o two_o bishop_n of_o saint_n andrew_n and_o dunkell_n send_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o albaine_n unto_o the_o english_a camp_n then_o at_o levingtone_n beside_o hadington_n a_o instrument_n in_o write_v under_o their_o hand_n and_o seal_n contain_v such_o offer_n of_o kindness_n towards_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o king_n his_o brother_n favour_n and_o his_o former_a estate_n that_o have_v acquaint_v the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n therewithal_o and_o faithful_o assure_v he_o of_o his_o loyalty_n in_o that_o behalf_n he_o be_v present_o withal_o kindness_n dismiss_v and_o so_o repair_v to_o the_o lord_n his_o countryman_n who_o immediate_o assemble_v a_o counsel_n he_o be_v by_o general_a consent_n not_o only_o restore_v to_o his_o former_a dignity_n and_o possession_n but_o withal_o be_v advance_v to_o the_o high_a place_n of_o government_n under_o the_o king_n and_o by_o open_a proclamation_n entitle_v lord_n lieutenant_n of_o scotland_n in_o this_o assembly_n the_o question_n be_v propound_v what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v touch_v the_o dâ—â—â—nd_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o berwick_n it_o seem_v good_a to_o the_o best_a advise_a lord_n and_o other_o among_o they_o in_o that_o dangerous_a time_n wherein_o the_o realm_n be_v so_o great_o preplex_v by_o domestical_a dissension_n rather_o to_o incline_v to_o peace_n though_o it_o be_v with_o some_o loss_n then_o otherways_o to_o provoke_v so_o mighty_a a_o adversary_n as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n will_v be_v unto_o they_o that_o a_o good_a neighbour_n according_a to_o the_o french_a proverb_n will_v be_v a_o good_a moâ—â—oâ—â—_n it_o be_v therefore_o in_o the_o end_n resolve_v upon_o without_o further_a delay_n to_o proceed_v to_o a_o conclusion_n of_o peace_n for_o the_o present_a time_n how_o dear_a soever_o they_o pay_v for_o it_o hereupon_o a_o deed_n indent_v bear_v date_n the_o four_o and_o tweent_v day_n of_o the_o same_o month_n of_o august_n be_v present_v unto_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n contain_v a_o contract_n between_o he_o lieutenant_z general_a for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n on_o the_o one_o part_n and_o the_o other_o duke_n lieutenant_z general_a in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n on_o the_o other_o part_n covenant_v on_o the_o behalf_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o other_o that_o a_o absteinance_n of_o war_n shall_v be_v observe_v by_o sea_n and_o land_n from_o the_o eight_o day_n of_o september_n till_o the_o four_o of_o november_n next_o follow_v in_o which_o time_n the_o scottish_a duke_n do_v covenant_n to_o yield_v up_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o berwick_n into_o the_o hand_n and_o possession_n of_o such_o as_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n or_o his_o deputy_n shall_v be_v thereunto_o appoint_v according_a to_o which_o agreement_n the_o say_a castle_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o lord_n standlie_o on_o the_o six_o and_o tweentith_o day_n of_o the_o foresay_a month_n have_v then_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o scot_n near_o one_o and_o twenty_n year_n but_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_a english_a and_o it_o be_v further_o covenant_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o scottish_a duke_n that_o upon_o knowledge_n give_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o king_n of_o england_n his_o pleasure_n to_o have_v the_o intend_a marriage_n between_o his_o daughter_n and_o the_o young_a prince_n to_o take_v place_n or_o otherwise_o to_o be_v brokeâ—_n off_o that_o then_o he_o will_v proceed_v according_o either_o to_o prepare_v the_o money_n paiable_a unto_o he_o or_o else_o to_o the_o present_a solemnisation_n of_o the_o same_o but_o king_n edward_n foresee_v what_o unquietness_n be_v likely_a to_o arise_v in_o scotland_n between_o the_o two_o brother_n and_o happy_o favour_v the_o duke_n more_o than_o the_o king_n resolve_v with_o himself_o to_o break_v of_o the_o marriage_n in_o speech_n
who_o he_o promise_v upon_o his_o good_a success_n great_a preferment_n in_o england_n also_o he_o solicit_v philip_n the_o french_a king_n offering_n that_o if_o he_o will_v assist_v he_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o this_o land_n to_o bind_v himself_o by_o oath_n to_o hold_v the_o crown_n of_o he_o as_o of_o his_o sovereign_a lord_n &_o master_n but_o because_o it_o seem_v nothing_o commodious_a to_o france_n that_o the_o dukedom_n of_o normandy_n which_o then_o stand_v but_o in_o slender_a awe_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v strengthen_v by_o the_o addition_n of_o england_n for_o the_o over_o great_a power_n of_o a_o neighbour_n nation_n be_v hold_v among_o prince_n a_o dangerous_a point_n philip_n be_v so_o far_o off_o from_o yield_v he_o any_o aid_n therein_o as_o that_o he_o do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o dissuade_v he_o from_o it_o nevertheless_o the_o duke_n will_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n be_v remove_v from_o that_o he_o have_v already_o so_o far_o forth_o undertake_v but_o be_v the_o more_o forward_o be_v now_o also_o back_v &_o incorage_v by_o the_o enterposed_a authority_n of_o alexander_n bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o now_o first_o begin_v to_o usurp_v a_o sovereignty_n and_o command_n over_o prince_n for_o his_o holiness_n ratify_v the_o duke_n interest_n present_v he_o with_o a_o hallow_a banner_n as_o a_o assure_a token_n of_o happy_a success_n wherefore_o have_v gather_v his_o whole_a power_n in_o readiness_n at_o s._n valeries_n a_o little_a town_n scituat_fw-la at_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o river_n some_o the_o navy_n attend_v a_o fair_a wind_n which_o because_o they_o can_v not_o have_v so_o soon_o as_o they_o will_v the_o norman_n weary_v the_o poor_a saint_n patron_n of_o that_o place_n with_o the_o multitude_n of_o vow_n and_o do_v overload_v he_o with_o their_o continual_a offering_n harold_n who_o have_v all_o this_o while_n with_o his_o people_n wait_v in_o vain_a on_o the_o enemy_n land_v determine_v with_o himself_o to_o dismiss_v his_o army_n and_o to_o dissolve_v his_o navy_n for_o that_o time_n as_o well_o because_o his_o provision_n of_o corn_n fail_v as_o also_o have_v receive_v letter_n from_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n signify_v that_o the_o duke_n purpose_v to_o stir_v no_o further_o that_o year_n which_o he_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o winter_n approach_v for_o the_o sun_n be_v return_v to_o his_o latter_a equinoctial_a period_n the_o season_n be_v unfit_a for_o navigation_n but_o his_o army_n be_v no_o soon_o dismiss_v but_o he_o be_v constrain_v by_o a_o unexpected_a occasion_n to_o gather_v together_o his_o disperse_v force_n for_o harold_n harfager_n king_n of_o norway_n play_v the_o pirate_n alongst_o the_o northern_a coast_n have_v already_o seize_v on_o the_o isle_n of_o orkney_n entice_v thereunto_o by_o tosty_o who_o have_v put_v he_o in_o hope_n of_o attain_v the_o crown_n and_o be_v together_o enter_v the_o river_n of_o tine_n with_o some_o few_o less_o than_o five_o hundred_o small_a vessel_n 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gather_v what_o force_n he_o can_v come_v to_o york_n from_o whence_o pursue_v the_o norwegian_n he_o find_v they_o very_o strong_o encamp_v have_v on_o their_o back_n the_o main_a ocean_n on_o their_o left_a hand_n the_o river_n of_o humber_n where_o their_o ship_n lay_v at_o ancre_fw-fr and_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o a_o front_n they_o be_v pretty_o defend_v by_o the_o river_n derwine_n all_o this_o notwithstanding_a harold_n assail_v they_o very_o courageous_o the_o fight_n begin_v upon_o the_o bridge_n whereon_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o noruegian_a alone_o a_o long_a time_n keep_v back_o the_o whole_a army_n of_o the_o englishman_n from_o pass_v over_o until_o he_o be_v strike_v through_o with_o a_o dart._n the_o army_n be_v join_v the_o fight_n continue_v a_o good_a while_n with_o doubtful_a victory_n on_o either_o side_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o noruegian_a host_n be_v whole_o defeat_v of_o who_o the_o great_a number_n together_o with_o their_o king_n and_o his_o partaker_n tostie_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n this_o victory_n bring_v also_o with_o it_o a_o rich_a booty_n for_o beside_o much_o treasure_n they_o leave_v behind_o they_o all_o their_o ship_n save_v some_o twenty_o of_o the_o worst_a which_o be_v bestow_v on_o paul_n earl_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o orkney_n and_o on_o olive_n son_n to_o the_o noruegian_a king_n therein_o to_o carry_v home_o their_o maim_a soldier_n have_v first_o take_v a_o oath_n that_o from_o thence_o forth_o they_o shall_v never_o molest_v this_o land_n again_o fortune_n thus_o smile_v on_o our_o harold_n make_v he_o esteem_v very_o high_o of_o himself_o for_o think_v that_o the_o norman_n will_v now_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o his_o mightiness_n he_o begin_v to_o make_v less_o account_n of_o his_o soldier_n not_o respect_v how_o slender_o he_o reward_v they_o for_o their_o late_a good_a service_n but_o reserve_v to_o himself_o and_o some_o few_o of_o his_o favourite_n the_o whole_a wealth_n attain_v by_o this_o victory_n he_o become_v odious_a to_o his_o own_o subject_n the_o north_n part_v be_v thus_o distemper_v by_o this_o invasion_n from_o norway_n he_o whole_o apply_v himself_o to_o set_v all_o thing_n there_o in_o good_a order_n and_o safety_n again_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n take_v the_o offer_a opportunity_n about_o the_o end_n of_o september_n hoist_a up_o his_o sail_n and_o with_o a_o favourable_a wind_n land_v his_o whole_a army_n at_o pemsey_n at_o pemsey_n pevensie_n in_o sussex_n cause_v his_o ship_n to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n thereby_o take_v from_o his_o soldier_n all_o hope_n of_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n have_v build_v here_o some_o fortification_n he_o march_v from_o thence_o alongst_o the_o sea_n coast_n to_o hastings_n where_o also_o he_o raise_v a_o other_o fortress_n and_o furnish_v they_o both_o with_o sufficient_a strength_n for_o their_o defence_n here_o be_v publish_v the_o cause_n move_v he_o to_o undertake_v this_o 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