reason_n of_o the_o present_a judgement_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n concerning_o the_o solemn_a league_n and_o covenant_n the_o negative_a oath_n the_o ordinance_n concerning_o discipline_n and_o worship_n approve_a by_o general_a consent_n in_o a_o full_a convocation_n 1._o iun._n 1647._o and_o present_v to_o consideration_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1647._o a_o solemn_a league_n and_o covenant_n for_o reformation_n and_o defence_n of_o religion_n the_o honour_n and_o happiness_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o peace_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o three_o kingdom_n england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n we_o nobleman_n baron_n knight_n gentleman_n citizen_n burgess_n minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o commons_o of_o all_o sort_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n by_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n live_v under_o one_o king_n and_o be_v of_o one_o reform_a religion_n have_v before_o our_o eye_n the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n the_o honour_n and_o happiness_n of_o the_o king_n majesty_n and_o his_o posterity_n and_o the_o true_a public_a liberty_n safety_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o every_o one_o private_a condition_n be_v include_v and_o call_v to_o mind_n the_o treacherous_a and_o bloody_a plot_n conspiracy_n attempt_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o god_n against_o the_o true_a religion_n and_o professor_n thereof_o in_o all_o place_n especial_o in_o these_o three_o kingdom_n ever_o since_o the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n and_o how_o much_o their_o rage_n power_n and_o presumption_n be_v of_o late_a and_o at_o this_o time_n increase_v and_o exercise_v whereof_o the_o deplorable_a estate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n the_o distress_a estate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o the_o dangerous_a estate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n be_v present_a and_o public_a testimony_n we_o have_v now_o at_o last_o after_o other_o mean_n of_o supplication_n remonstrance_n protestation_n and_o suffering_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o our_o religion_n from_o utter_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n according_a to_o the_o commendable_a practice_n of_o these_o kingdom_n in_o former_a time_n and_o the_o example_n of_o god_n people_n in_o other_o nation_n after_o mature_a deliberation_n resolve_v and_o determine_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o mutual_a and_o solemn_a league_n and_o covenant_n wherein_o we_o all_o subscribe_v and_o each_o one_o of_o we_o for_o himself_o with_o our_o hand_n lift_v up_o to_o the_o most_o high_a god_n do_v swear_v i_o that_o we_o shall_v sincere_o real_o and_o constant_o through_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n endeavour_v in_o our_o several_a place_n and_o calling_n the_o preservation_n of_o the_o reform_a religion_n in_o the_o church_n of_o scotland_n in_o doctrine_n worship_n discipline_n and_o government_n against_o our_o common_a enemy_n the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n in_o doctrine_n worship_n discipline_n and_o government_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o example_n of_o the_o best_a reform_a church_n and_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o the_o three_o kingdom_n to_o the_o near_a conjunction_n and_o uniformity_n in_o religion_n confession_n of_o faith_n form_n of_o church_n government_n directory_n for_o worship_n and_o catechise_v that_o we_o and_o our_o posterity_n after_o we_o may_v as_o brethren_n live_v in_o faith_n and_o love_n and_o the_o lord_n may_v delight_v to_o dwell_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o we_o ii_o that_o we_o shall_v in_o like_o manner_n without_o respect_n of_o person_n endeavour_v the_o extirpation_n of_o popery_n prelacy_n that_o be_v church_n government_n by_o archbishop_n bishop_n their_o chancellor_n and_o commissary_n dean_n dean_n and_o chapter_n archdeacon_n and_o all_o other_o ecclesiastical_a officer_n depend_v on_o that_o hierarchy_n superstition_n heresy_n schism_n profaneness_n and_o whatsoever_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o sound_v doctrine_n and_o the_o power_n of_o godliness_n lest_o we_o partake_v in_o other_o man_n sin_n and_o thereby_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o receive_v of_o their_o plague_n and_o that_o the_o lord_n may_v be_v one_o and_o his_o name_n one_o in_o the_o three_o kingdom_n iii_o we_o shall_v with_o the_o same_o sincerity_n reality_n and_o constancy_n in_o our_o several_a vocation_n endeavour_v with_o our_o estate_n and_o life_n mutual_o to_o preserve_v the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o preserve_v and_o defend_v the_o king_n majesty_n person_n and_o authority_n in_o the_o preservation_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o the_o world_n may_v bear_v witness_n with_o our_o conscience_n of_o our_o loyalty_n and_o that_o we_o have_v no_o thought_n or_o intention_n to_o diminish_v his_o majesty_n just_a power_n and_o greatness_n four_o we_o shall_v also_o with_o all_o faithfulness_n endeavour_v the_o discovery_n of_o all_o such_o as_o have_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v incendiary_n malignant_n or_o evil_a instrument_n by_o hinder_v the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n divide_v the_o king_n from_o his_o people_n or_o one_o of_o the_o kingdom_n from_o another_o or_o make_v any_o faction_n or_o party_n among_o the_o people_n contrary_a to_o this_o league_n and_o covenant_n that_o they_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o public_a trial_n and_o receive_v condign_a punishment_n as_o the_o degree_n of_o their_o offence_n shall_v require_v or_o deserve_v or_o the_o supreme_a judicatory_n of_o both_o kingdom_n respective_o or_o other_o have_v power_n from_o they_o for_o that_o effect_n shall_v judge_v convenient_a v._o and_o whereas_o the_o happiness_n of_o a_o bless_a peace_n between_o these_o kingdom_n deny_v in_o former_a time_n to_o our_o progenitor_n be_v by_o the_o good_a providence_n of_o god_n grant_v unto_o we_o and_o have_v be_v late_o conclude_v and_o settle_v by_o both_o parliament_n we_o shall_v each_o one_o of_o we_o according_a to_o our_o place_n and_o interest_n endeavour_n that_o they_o may_v remain_v conjoin_v in_o a_o firm_a peace_n and_o union_n to_o all_o posterity_n and_o that_o justice_n may_v be_v do_v upon_o the_o wilful_a opposer_n thereof_o in_o manner_n express_v in_o the_o precedent_a article_n vi_o we_o shall_v also_o according_a to_o our_o place_n and_o calling_n in_o this_o common_a cause_n of_o religion_n liberty_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n assist_v and_o defend_v all_o those_o that_o enter_v into_o this_o league_n and_o covenant_n in_o the_o maintain_v and_o pursue_v thereof_o and_o shall_v not_o suffer_v ourselves_o direct_o or_o indirect_o by_o whatsoever_o combination_n persuasion_n or_o terror_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o withdraw_v from_o this_o blesâ—ed_a union_n and_o conjunction_n whether_o to_o make_v defection_n to_o the_o contrary_a part_n or_o to_o give_v ourselves_o to_o a_o detestable_a indifferency_n or_o neutrality_n in_o this_o cause_n which_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o glory_n of_o god_n the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n but_o shall_v all_o the_o day_n of_o our_o life_n zealous_o and_o constant_o continue_v therein_o against_o all_o opposition_n and_o promote_v the_o same_o according_a to_o our_o power_n against_o all_o let_n and_o impediment_n whatsoever_o and_o what_o we_o be_v not_o able_a ourselves_o to_o suppress_v or_o overcome_v we_o shall_v reveal_v and_o make_v know_v that_o it_o may_v be_v timely_o prevent_v or_o remove_v all_o which_o we_o shall_v do_v as_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n and_o because_o these_o kingdom_n be_v guilty_a of_o many_o sin_n and_o provocation_n against_o god_n and_o his_o son_n jesus_n christ_n as_o be_v too_o manifest_a by_o our_o present_a distress_n and_o danger_n the_o fruit_n thereof_o we_o profess_v and_o declare_v before_o god_n and_o the_o world_n our_o unfeigned_a desire_n to_o be_v humble_v for_o our_o own_o sin_n and_o for_o the_o sin_n of_o these_o kingdom_n especial_o that_o we_o have_v not_o as_o we_o ought_v value_v the_o inestimable_a benefit_n of_o the_o gospel_n that_o we_o have_v not_o labour_v for_o the_o purity_n and_o power_n thereof_o and_o that_o we_o have_v not_o endeavour_v to_o receive_v christ_n in_o our_o heart_n nor_o to_o walk_v worthy_a of_o he_o in_o our_o life_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o other_o sin_n and_o transgression_n so_o much_o abound_v among_o we_o and_o our_o true_a and_o unfeigned_a purpose_n desire_v and_o endeavour_v for_o ourselves_o and_o all_o other_o under_o our_o power_n and_o charge_n both_o in_o public_a and_o in_o private_a in_o all_o duty_n we_o owe_v to_o god_n and_o man_n to_o amend_v our_o life_n and_o each_o one_o to_o go_v before_o another_o in_o the_o example_n of_o a_o real_a
article_n who_o in_o the_o four_o article_n be_v to_o be_v account_v malignant_n how_o far_o that_o phrase_n of_o hinder_v reformation_n may_v be_v extend_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o supreme_a judicatory_n of_o both_o kingdom_n and_o sundry_a other_o three_o by_o the_o use_n that_o have_v be_v make_v of_o this_o covenant_n sometime_o to_o purpose_n of_o dangerous_a consequence_n we_o be_v bring_v into_o some_o fear_n and_o jealousy_n lest_o by_o take_v the_o same_o we_o shall_v cast_v ourselves_o into_o more_o snare_n than_o we_o be_v yet_o aware_a of_o for_o in_o the_o first_o article_n 1._o whereas_o we_o be_v to_o endeavour_v the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n in_o this_o kingdom_n in_o doctrine_n worship_n discipline_n and_o government_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o example_n of_o the_o best_a reform_a church_n 1._o the_o reformation_n in_o worship_n whereby_o we_o can_v not_o suppose_v any_o more_o be_v intend_v according_a to_o their_o former_a a_o 135._o declaration_n than_o a_o review_n of_o the_o service-book_n that_o the_o translation_n may_v be_v in_o some_o place_n amend_v some_o alteration_n make_v in_o the_o office_n and_o rubric_n or_o at_o most_o some_o of_o the_o ceremony_n lay_v aside_o for_o the_o reason_n of_o expediency_n and_o condescension_n have_v produce_v a_o utter_a abolition_n of_o the_o whole_a form_n establish_v without_o substitute_v any_o other_o certain_a form_n in_o the_o room_n thereof_o 2._o the_o reformation_n in_o point_n of_o discipline_n and_o government_n intend_v so_o far_o as_o by_o the_o overture_n hitherto_o make_v we_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v be_v such_o as_o we_o conceive_v not_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n nor_o for_o any_o thing_n we_o know_v according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o any_o church_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o the_o world_n best_a or_o worst_a since_o the_o creation_n 2._o in_o the_o second_o article_n our_o grief_n and_o fear_n have_v be_v less_o if_o we_o can_v have_v observe_v the_o extirpation_n of_o popery_n heresy_n schism_n and_o profaneness_n to_o have_v be_v as_o real_o intend_v and_o set_v on_o with_o as_o much_o speed_n and_o animosity_n as_o the_o extirpation_n of_o prelacy_n and_o that_o which_o some_o call_v superstition_n but_o when_o we_o see_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o root_v out_o prelacy_n and_o superstition_n so_o much_o quickness_n use_v to_o fetch_v in_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o sacred_a utensil_n no_o otherwise_o guilty_a of_o superstition_n for_o aught_o we_o know_v then_o that_o they_o be_v worth_a something_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n so_o little_a yet_o do_v towards_o the_o extirpation_n of_o heresy_n schism_n and_o profaneness_n as_o thing_n of_o less_o temporal_a advantage_n we_o can_v dissemble_v our_o suspicion_n that_o the_o designer_n of_o this_o covenant_n may_v have_v something_o else_o before_o their_o eye_n beside_o what_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o introduction_n be_v express_v and_o that_o there_o be_v something_o mean_v in_o this_o article_n that_o look_v so_o like_o sacrilege_n that_o we_o be_v afraid_a to_o venture_v thereon_o 3._o in_o the_o three_o article_n 1._o although_o we_o shall_v not_o otherwise_o have_v apprehend_v any_o matter_n of_o danger_n or_o moment_n in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o particular_n in_o the_o article_n mention_v yet_o since_o m._n challoner_n in_o his_o speech_n and_o other_o have_v make_v advantage_n thereof_o to_o infer_v from_o that_o very_a order_n that_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o king_n person_n and_o authority_n ought_v to_o be_v with_o subordination_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n c_o 21._o and_o before_o it_o to_o be_v endeavour_v we_o hope_v we_o shall_v be_v excuse_v if_o we_o dare_v not_o take_v the_o covenant_n in_o this_o sense_n especial_o consider_v that_o if_o the_o argument_n be_v of_o any_o force_n it_o will_v bind_v we_o at_o least_o as_o strong_o to_o endeavour_v the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n person_n honour_n and_o estate_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o the_o rest_n but_o subordinate_o thereunto_o because_o they_o be_v so_o order_v in_o the_o protestation_n and_o then_o that_o protestation_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o precede_a it_o will_v bind_v we_o more_o strong_o as_o be_v the_o first_o obligation_n 2._o whereas_o some_o have_v be_v the_o rather_o induce_v to_o take_v the_o covenant_n in_o this_o particular_a by_o be_v tell_v that_o that_o limitation_n in_o the_o preservation_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v exclusive_o yet_o when_o we_o find_v that_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o their_o answer_n to_o the_o scottish_a paper_n do_v d_o 56._o often_o press_v that_o limitation_n as_o without_o which_o the_o endeavour_n to_o preserve_v the_o king_n majesty_n person_n and_o authority_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v mention_v it_o can_v but_o deter_v we_o from_o take_v the_o covenant_n in_o this_o particular_a so_o understand_v 3._o especial_o be_v tell_v in_o a_o late_a pamphlet_n that_o the_o king_n not_o have_v preserve_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n etc._n etc._n as_o of_o duty_n he_o ought_v be_v thereby_o become_v a_o tyrant_n and_o so_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o king_n and_o consequent_o that_o his_o subject_n cease_v to_o be_v subject_n and_o owe_v he_o no_o long_o subjection_n which_o assertion_n since_o we_o hearty_o detest_v as_o false_a and_o scandalous_a in_o the_o supposition_n and_o in_o the_o inference_n seditious_a and_o devilish_a we_o dare_v not_o by_o subscribe_v this_o article_n seem_v to_o give_v the_o least_o countenance_n thereunto_o 4._o but_o it_o strike_v we_o with_o horror_n to_o think_v what_o use_n have_v be_v make_v of_o this_o four_o article_n concerning_o the_o punishment_n of_o malignant_n etc._n etc._n as_o by_o other_o otherways_o so_o especial_o by_o the_o corrector_n of_o a_o speech_n without_o door_n write_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o m._n challoner_n speech_n who_o be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o tell_v the_o parliament_n that_o they_o be_v bind_v by_o their_o covenantâ—_n for_o the_o bring_n of_o evil_a instrument_n to_o condign_a punishment_n to_o destroy_v the_o king_n and_o his_o posterity_n and_o that_o they_o can_v justify_v the_o take_v away_o of_o strafford_n and_o canterbury_n life_n for_o delinquency_n whilst_o they_o suffer_v the_o chief_n delinquent_n to_o go_v unpunished_a §._o vii_o of_o the_o salvo_n the_o salvo_n that_o we_o have_v usual_o meet_v withal_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a scruple_n either_o concerning_o the_o whole_a covenant_n or_o some_o particular_n therein_o of_o special_a importance_n we_o find_v upon_o examination_n to_o be_v no_o way_n satisfactory_a to_o our_o conscience_n the_o first_o be_v that_o we_o may_v take_v the_o covenant_n in_o our_o own_o sense_n but_o this_o in_o a_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n viz._n a_o impose_v promisory_a oath_n in_o the_o performance_n whereof_o other_o also_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v concern_v seem_v to_o be_v 1._o contrary_n to_o the_o nature_n and_o end_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o unless_o it_o be_v full_a of_o simplicity_n can_v be_v swear_v in_o truth_n and_o righteousness_n nor_o serve_v to_o the_o end_n of_o controversy_n and_o contradiction_n which_o be_v the_o use_n for_o which_o it_o be_v institute_v heb._n 6._o 2._o contrary_n to_o the_o end_n of_o speech_n god_n have_v give_v we_o the_o use_n of_o speech_n for_o this_o end_n that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o mind_n it_o behoove_v we_o as_o in_o all_o other_o our_o deal_n and_o contract_n so_o especial_o where_o there_o be_v the_o intervention_n of_o a_o oath_n so_o to_o speak_v as_o that_o they_o who_o it_o concern_v may_v clear_o understand_v our_o meaning_n by_o our_o word_n 3._o contrary_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o covenant_n itself_o which_o be_v the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o firm_a union_n among_o the_o covenanter_n that_o by_o take_v thereof_o they_o may_v have_v mutual_a assurance_n of_o mutual_a assistance_n and_o defence_n if_o one_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o take_v it_o in_o one_o sense_n and_o another_o in_o a_o contrary_a the_o covenanter_n shall_v have_v no_o more_o assurance_n of_o mutual_a assistance_n each_o from_o other_o after_o the_o take_n of_o the_o covenant_n than_o they_o have_v before_o 4._o contrary_n to_o the_o solemn_a profession_n make_v by_o each_o covevanter_n in_o express_a term_n in_o the_o conclusion_n thereof_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o searcher_n of_o all_o heart_n that_o he_o take_v it_o with_o a_o true_a intention_n to_o perform_v the_o same_o as_o he_o shall_v answer_v it_o at_o the_o great_a day_n 2_o this_o will_v bring_v a_o scandal_n
the_o strict_a sense_n that_o be_v to_o say_v express_o command_v by_o god_n in_o his_o word_n yet_o of_o apostolical_a institution_n that_o be_v to_o say_v be_v establish_v in_o the_o church_n by_o the_o apostle_n according_a to_o the_o mind_n and_o after_o the_o example_n of_o their_o master_n jesus_n christ_n and_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o ordinary_a power_n and_o authority_n derive_v from_o he_o as_o depute_v by_o he_o governor_n of_o his_o church_n 2._o or_o at_o least_o that_o episcopal_a aristocracy_n have_v a_o fair_a pretention_n and_o may_v lay_v a_o just_a title_n and_o claim_n to_o a_o divine_a institution_n than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o form_n of_o church-government_n can_v do_v all_o which_o yet_o do_v pretend_v thereunto_o viz._n that_o of_o the_o papal_a monarchy_n that_o of_o the_o presbyterian_a democracy_n and_o that_o of_o the_o independent_n by_o particular_a congregation_n or_o gather_v church_n 2._o but_o we_o be_v assure_v by_o the_o undoubted_a 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baptise_n of_o infant_n national_a church_n the_o observation_n of_o the_o lordsday_n and_o even_o the_o canon_n of_o scripture_n itself_o three_o in_o respect_n of_o ourselves_o we_o be_v not_o satisfy_v how_o it_o can_v stand_v with_o the_o principle_n of_o justice_n ingenuity_n and_o humanity_n to_o require_v the_o extirpation_n of_o episcopal_a government_n unless_o it_o have_v be_v first_o clear_o demonstrate_v to_o be_v unlawful_a to_o be_v sincere_o and_o real_o endeavour_v by_o we_o 1._o who_o have_v all_o of_o we_o who_o have_v take_v any_o degree_n by_o subscribe_v the_o 39_o article_n testify_v our_o approbation_n of_o that_o government_n one_o of_o those_o a_o 36._o article_n affirm_v the_o very_a book_n contain_v the_o form_n of_o their_o consecration_n to_o contain_v in_o it_o nothing_o contrary_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n 2._o who_o have_v most_o of_o we_o viz._n as_o many_o as_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o ministry_n receive_v order_n from_o their_o hand_n who_o we_o 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collegiate_a or_o cathedral_n church_n and_o our_o memory_n will_v not_o ready_o serve_v we_o with_o any_o example_n in_o this_o kind_n since_o the_o world_n begin_v wherein_o any_o state_n or_o profession_n of_o man_n though_o convict_v as_o we_o be_v not_o of_o a_o crime_n that_o may_v deserve_v deprivation_n be_v require_v to_o bind_v themselves_o by_o oath_n sincere_o and_o real_o to_o endeavour_v the_o root_n out_o of_o that_o in_o itself_o not_o unlawful_a together_o wherewith_o they_o must_v also_o root_v out_o themselves_o their_o estate_n and_o livelihood_n 5._o especial_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o most_o of_o the_o say_a church_n that_o such_o person_n as_o be_v admit_v member_n thereof_o have_v a_o personal_a oath_n administer_v unto_o they_o to_o maintain_v the_o honour_n immunity_n liberty_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o same_o and_o whilst_o they_o live_v to_o seek_v the_o good_a and_o not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o hurt_n hindrance_n or_o prejudice_n thereof_o or_o in_o other_o word_n to_o the_o like_a effect_n four_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n we_o be_v not_o satisfy_v how_o we_o can_v swear_v to_o endeavour_v the_o extirpation_n of_o the_o establish_a government_n no_o necessity_n or_o just_a cause_n for_o so_o do_v either_o offer_v itself_o or_o be_v offer_v to_o our_o understanding_n 1._o since_o all_o change_n of_o government_n unavoidable_o bring_v with_o it_o beside_o those_o that_o be_v present_a and_o evident_a sundry_a other_o inconvenience_n which_o no_o wit_n of_o man_n can_v possible_o foresee_v to_o provide_v against_o till_o late_a experience_n discover_v they_o we_o can_v be_v sure_a that_o the_o evil_n which_o may_v ensue_v upon_o the_o change_n of_o this_o government_n which_o have_v be_v of_o so_o long_a continuance_n in_o this_o kingdom_n be_v so_o deep_o root_v in_o the_o law_n thereof_o and_o have_v so_o near_o a_o conjunction_n with_o and_o so_o strong_a a_o influence_n upon_o the_o civil_a state_n and_o government_n as_o that_o the_o change_n thereof_o must_v infer_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o great_a alteration_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o other_o also_o may_v not_o be_v great_a than_o the_o suppose_a evil_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v which_o by_o this_o change_n be_v seek_v to_o be_v remedy_v for_o there_o be_v not_o yet_o any_o come_v to_o our_o knowledge_n of_o that_o desperate_a nature_n as_o not_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o other_o remedy_n than_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o the_o whole_a government_n itself_o 2._o whereas_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o have_v b_o 135._o remonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v far_o from_o their_o purpose_n or_o desire_v to_o abolish_v the_o church-government_n but_o rather_o that_o all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v regulate_v by_o such_o rule_n of_o order_n and_o discipline_n as_o be_v establish_v by_o parliament_n and_o that_o it_o be_v malignancy_n to_o infuse_v into_o the_o people_n that_o they_o have_v any_o other_o meaning_n we_o be_v loath_a by_o consent_v to_o the_o second_o article_n to_o become_v guilty_a of_o such_o infusion_n as_o may_v bring_v we_o within_o the_o compass_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o four_o article_n of_o this_o covenant_n 3._o since_o it_o have_v be_v declare_v by_o sundry_a c_o 3._o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o england_n be_v found_v in_o the_o state_n of_o prelacy_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n we_o dare_v not_o by_o endeavour_v the_o extirpation_n of_o prelacy_n strike_v at_o the_o very_a foundation_n and_o thereby_o as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v cooperate_v towards_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o famous_a church_n which_o in_o all_o conscience_n and_o duty_n we_o be_v bind_v with_o our_o utmost_a lawful_a power_n to_o uphold_v last_o in_o respect_n of_o our_o obligation_n to_o his_o majesty_n by_o our_o duty_n and_o oath_n we_o be_v not_o satisfy_v how_o we_o can_v swear_v
acknowledge_v a_o power_n in_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o king_n power_n whereas_o we_o profess_v ourselves_o unable_a to_o understand_v how_o there_o can_v be_v any_o lawful_a power_n exercise_v within_o this_o realm_n which_o be_v not_o subordinate_a to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n §._o ix_o of_o the_o ordinance_n concerning_o the_o discipline_n and_o directory_n first_o concerning_o they_o all_o together_o we_o be_v not_o satisfy_v how_o we_o can_v submit_v to_o such_o ordinance_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n not_o have_v the_o royal_a assent_n 1._o as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o establish_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n contain_v in_o such_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o joint_a consent_n of_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o 2._o nor_o so_o only_o but_o also_o pretend_v by_o repeal_n to_o abrogat_fw-la such_o act_n or_o acts._n for_o since_o ejusdem_fw-la est_fw-la potestatis_fw-la destruere_fw-la cujus_fw-la est_fw-la constituere_fw-la it_o will_v not_o sink_v with_o we_o that_o a_o lesser_a power_n can_v have_v a_o just_a right_a to_o cancel_v and_o annul_v the_o act_n of_o a_o great_a 3._o especial_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o order_v all_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a being_n by_o the_o law_n in_o express_a word_n for_o ever_o annex_v to_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o this_o realm_n 1._o and_o upon_o what_o head_n that_o crown_n ought_v to_o stand_v none_o can_v be_v ignorant_a as_o to_o the_o particular_a ordinance_n those_o that_o concern_v the_o discipline_n first_o 1._o if_o under_o that_o title_n be_v comprehend_v the_o government_n also_o we_o can_v submit_v thereunto_o without_o consent_v to_o the_o eradication_n of_o a_o government_n of_o reverend_a antiquity_n in_o the_o church_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o several_a change_n of_o religion_n within_o this_o realm_n have_v yet_o from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v continue_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o public_a law_n and_o great_a charter_n of_o the_o kingdom_n than_o which_o there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o ample_a testimony_n that_o it_o be_v ever_o hold_v agreeable_a to_o the_o civil_a government_n and_o the_o subject_n liberty_n which_o also_o the_o successive_a king_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o their_o several_a coronation_n have_v solemn_o swear_v to_o preserve_v and_o the_o continuance_n whereof_o for_o sundry_a reason_n before_o upon_o the_o second_o article_n of_o the_o covenant_n specify_v we_o hearty_o with_o and_o desire_v 2._o but_o if_o the_o word_n discipline_n be_v take_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o first_o article_n of_o the_o covenant_n as_o contradistinguish_v unto_o the_o government_n there_o be_v something_o even_o in_o that_o also_o wherein_o we_o be_v not_o full_o satisfy_v viz._n the_o leave_n of_o so_o much_o power_n in_o so_o many_o person_n and_o those_o many_o of_o they_o of_o mean_a quality_n for_o the_o keep_n back_o of_o thousand_o of_o well-meaning_a christian_n from_o the_o benefit_n and_o comfort_n of_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n a_o austerity_n for_o which_o there_o appear_v not_o to_o we_o any_o probable_a warrant_n from_o the_o world_n of_o god_n but_o which_o seem_v rather_o repugnant_a as_o to_o the_o general_a principle_n of_o christian_a prudence_n and_o charity_n so_o to_o the_o direction_n and_o practice_n of_o s._n paul_n in_o particular_a etc._n who_o in_o a_o church_n abound_v with_o sundry_a error_n and_o corruption_n both_o in_o faith_n and_o manner_n have_v first_o give_v order_n for_o the_o excommunicate_n of_o one_o only_a person_n that_o by_o shameless_a continuance_n in_o a_o notorious_a sin_n have_v bring_v a_o foul_a scandal_n upon_o the_o gospel_n suffice_v himself_o then_o with_o a_o general_a proposal_n of_o the_o great_a danger_n of_o unworthy_a communicate_v remit_v every_o other_o particular_a person_n to_o a_o self-examination_n etc._n without_o any_o order_n either_o to_o minister_n or_o lay-elder_n to_o exclude_v any_o from_o the_o holy_a communion_n upon_o their_o examination_n as_o to_o the_o ordinance_n concerning_o the_o directory_n in_o particular_a we_o can_v without_o regret_n of_o conscience_n during_o our_o present_a judgement_n and_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o present_a law_n consent_v to_o the_o take_v away_o of_o the_o book_n of_o commonprayer_n 1._o which_o by_o our_o subscription_n most_o of_o we_o have_v approve_v with_o a_o solemn_a promise_n therewithal_o in_o the_o public_a service_n to_o use_v the_o form_n prescribe_v therein_o and_o no_o other_o 2._o which_o according_a to_o our_o say_a subscription_n and_o promise_n and_o our_o bind_a duty_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n in_o that_o case_n provide_v we_o have_v hitherto_o use_v in_o our_o church_n chapel_n and_o other_o oratory_n to_o the_o great_a benefit_n and_o comfort_n of_o our_o soul_n 3._o which_o we_o very_o believe_v not_o to_o contain_v any_o thing_n which_o with_o such_o favourable_a construction_n as_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o be_v allow_v to_o all_o manner_n of_o writing_n be_v not_o just_o defensible_a which_o have_v not_o be_v by_o learned_a and_o godly_a man_n sufficient_o maintain_v against_o such_o exception_n as_o have_v be_v heretofore_o take_v thereat_o and_o which_o we_o be_v not_o confident_a by_o the_o assistance_n of_o almighty_a god_n we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o justify_v as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v against_o all_o papist_n and_o other_o oppugner_n or_o depraver_n thereof_o whatsoever_o 4._o which_o be_v establish_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o peaceable_a time_n by_o as_o good_a and_o full_a authority_n as_o any_o under_o heaven_n can_v have_v over_o we_o which_o do_v so_o weigh_v with_o we_o that_o as_o it_o free_v we_o from_o the_o necessity_n of_o give_v in_o any_o particular_a exception_n against_o the_o directory_n or_o any_o thing_n therein_o contain_v so_o it_o lay_v a_o inevitable_a necessity_n upon_o we_o of_o contunue_v the_o form_n of_o prayer_n therein_o enjoin_v and_o of_o not_o admit_v any_o directory_n or_o other_o form_n to_o the_o prejudice_n thereof_o till_o the_o say_a act_n shall_v by_o the_o like_a good_a and_o full_a authority_n be_v repeal_v in_o which_o statute_n there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o express_a command_n give_v to_o all_o minister_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o but_o there_o be_v also_o sanction_n of_o severe_a punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o such_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v refuse_v so_o to_o do_v or_o shall_v preach_v declare_v or_o speak_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o derogation_n or_o deprave_v of_o the_o book_n of_o common_a prayer_n or_o of_o any_o thing_n therein_o contain_v or_o of_o any_o part_n thereof_o with_o punishment_n also_o to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o every_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n not_o except_v that_o shall_v in_o like_o manner_n declare_v or_o speak_v against_o the_o say_a book_n or_o shall_v by_o deed_n or_o threaten_a compel_v or_o otherwise_o procure_v or_o maintain_v any_o minister_n to_o say_v open_a prayer_n or_o to_o minister_v any_o sacrament_n in_o any_o other_o manner_n or_o form_n than_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o say_a book_n or_o shall_v interrupt_v or_o hinder_v any_o minister_n in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_a form_n as_o by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n more_o at_o large_a may_v appear_v which_o statute_n also_o have_v have_v such_o a_o universal_a powerful_a influence_n into_o the_o succeed_a time_n that_o in_o all_o such_o *_o 5._o statute_n as_o have_v be_v since_o make_v against_o popish_a recusant_n the_o refuse_n to_o be_v present_a at_o commonprayer_n or_o to_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n according_a to_o the_o form_n and_o rite_n mention_v in_o that_o book_n be_v express_v as_o the_o most_o proper_a legal_a character_n whereby_o to_o distinguish_v a_o popish_a recusant_n from_o a_o true_a protestant_a in_o so_o much_o that_o use_n have_v be_v make_v of_o that_o very_a character_n in_o sundry_a act_n since_o the_o beginning_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n for_o the_o tax_n of_o double_a payment_n upon_o recusant_n thus_o have_v we_o clear_o and_o free_o represent_v our_o present_a judgement_n concerning_o the_o say_a covenant_n negative_a oath_n and_o ordinance_n which_o upon_o better_a information_n in_o any_o particular_a we_o shall_v be_v ready_a to_o rectify_v only_o we_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v consider_v that_o if_o any_o one_o single_a scruple_n or_o reason_n in_o any_o the_o premise_n remain_v unsatisfied_a though_o we_o shall_v receive_v full_a satisfaction_n in_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o conscience_n will_v also_o remain_v still_o unsatisfied_a and_o in_o that_o case_n it_o can_v neither_o be_v reasonable_a for_o they_o that_o can_v satisfy_v we_o to_o press_v we_o nor_o lawful_a for_o we_o that_o can_v be_v satisfy_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o say_a covenant_n oath_n and_o ordinance_n quintil_n quis_fw-la damnaverit_fw-la eum_fw-la qui_fw-la duabus_fw-la potentissimis_fw-la rebus_fw-la
reformation_n that_o the_o lord_n may_v turn_v away_o his_o wrath_n and_o heavy_a indignation_n and_o establish_v these_o church_n and_o kingdom_n in_o truth_n and_o peace_n and_o this_o covenant_n we_o make_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o searcher_n of_o all_o heart_n with_o a_o true_a intention_n to_o perform_v the_o same_o as_o we_o shall_v answer_v at_o that_o great_a day_n when_o the_o secret_n of_o all_o heart_n shall_v be_v disclose_v most_o humble_o beseech_v the_o lord_n to_o strengthen_v we_o by_o his_o holy_a spirit_n for_o this_o end_n and_o to_o bless_v our_o desire_n and_o proceed_n with_o such_o success_n as_o may_v be_v deliverance_n and_o safety_n to_o his_o people_n and_o encouragement_n to_o other_o christian_a church_n groan_v under_o or_o in_o danger_n of_o the_o yoke_n of_o antichristian_a tyranny_n to_o join_v in_o the_o same_o or_o like_a association_n and_o covenant_n to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n the_o enlargement_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o the_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o christian_a kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o negative_a oath_n i_o a._n b._n do_v swear_v from_o my_o heart_n that_o i_o will_v not_o direct_o nor_o indirect_o adhere_v unto_o or_o willing_o assist_v the_o king_n in_o this_o war_n or_o in_o this_o cause_n against_o the_o parliament_n nor_o any_o force_n raise_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n in_o this_o cause_n or_o war_n and_o i_o do_v likewise_o swear_v that_o my_o come_n and_o submit_v myself_o under_o the_o power_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v without_o any_o manner_n of_o design_n whatsoever_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o proceed_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n and_o without_o the_o direction_n privity_n or_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o council_n or_o officer_n other_o than_o what_o i_o have_v now_o make_v know_v so_o help_v i_o god_n and_o the_o content_n of_o this_o book_n reason_n why_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n can_v submit_v to_o the_o covenant_n the_o negative_a oath_n the_o ordinance_n concerning_o discipline_n and_o directory_n mention_v in_o the_o late_a ordinance_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o visitation_n of_o that_o place_n whereas_o by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o visitation_n and_o reformation_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n late_o publish_v power_n be_v give_v to_o certain_a person_n therein_o name_v as_o visitor_n to_o inquire_v concerning_o those_o of_o the_o say_a university_n that_o neglect_n to_o take_v the_o solemn_a league_n and_o covenant_n and_o the_o negative_a oath_n be_v tender_v unto_o they_o and_o likewise_o concerning_o those_o that_o oppose_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o ordinance_n of_o parliament_n concerning_o the_o discipline_n and_o directory_n or_o shall_v not_o promote_v or_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n according_a to_o their_o several_a place_n and_o calling_n we_o the_o master_n scholar_n and_o other_o officer_n and_o member_n of_o the_o say_a university_n not_o to_o judge_v the_o conscience_n of_o other_o but_o to_o clear_v ourselves_o before_o god_n and_o the_o world_n from_o all_o suspicion_n of_o obstinacy_n whilst_o we_o discharge_v our_o own_o present_a to_o consideration_n the_o true_a reason_n of_o our_o present_a judgement_n concerning_o the_o say_a covenant_n oath_n and_o ordinance_n expect_v so_o much_o justice_n and_o hope_v for_o so_o much_o charity_n as_o either_o not_o to_o be_v press_v to_o conform_v to_o what_o be_v require_v in_o any_o the_o premise_n further_o than_o our_o present_a judgement_n will_v warrant_v we_o or_o not_o condemn_v for_o the_o refuse_v so_o to_o do_v without_o clear_a and_o real_a satisfaction_n give_v to_o our_o just_a scruple_n §._o i._n of_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o covenant_n the_o exception_n against_o the_o introductory_a preface_n to_o the_o covenant_n although_o we_o insist_v not_o much_o upon_o because_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o covenant_n yet_o among_o the_o thing_n therein_o contain_v the_o acknowledgement_n whereof_o be_v implicit_o require_v of_o every_o covenanter_n 1._o we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o say_v that_o the_o rage_n power_n and_o presumption_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o god_n in_o the_o sense_n there_o intend_v be_v at_o this_o time_n increase_v 2._o nor_o can_v true_o affirm_v that_o we_o have_v use_v or_o give_v consent_n to_o any_o supplication_n or_o remonstrance_n to_o the_o purpose_n therein_o express_v 3._o nor_o do_v conceive_v the_o enter_n into_o such_o a_o mutual_a league_n and_o covenant_n to_o be_v a_o lawful_a proper_a and_o probable_a mean_n to_o preserve_v ourselves_o and_o our_o religion_n from_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n 4._o nor_o can_v believe_v the_o same_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o commendable_a practice_n of_o these_o kingdom_n or_o the_o example_n of_o god_n people_n in_o other_o nation_n when_o we_o find_v not_o the_o least_o foot-step_n in_o our_o history_n of_o a_o swear_a covenant_n ever_o enter_v into_o by_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n upon_o any_o occasion_n whatsoever_o nor_o can_v ready_o remember_v any_o commendable_a example_n of_o the_o like_a do_v in_o any_o other_o nation_n but_o be_v rather_o tell_v by_o the_o defender_n of_o this_o covenant_n that_o a_o 12._o the_o world_n never_o see_v the_o like_a before_o §._o ii_o of_o the_o covenant_n in_o gross_a first_o we_o be_v not_o satisfy_v how_o we_o can_v submit_v to_o the_o take_v thereof_o as_o it_o be_v now_o impose_v under_o a_o penalty_n 1._o such_o imposition_n to_o our_o seem_a be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o covenant_n which_o be_v a_o contract_n imply_v a_o a_o pactis_fw-la voluntary_a mutual_a consent_n of_o the_o contractor_n whereunto_o man_n be_v to_o be_v induce_v by_o persuasion_n not_o compel_v by_o power_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o very_a word_n of_o this_o covenant_n in_o the_o preface_n conclusion_n and_o whole_a frame_n thereof_o run_v in_o such_o a_o form_n throughout_o as_o import_v a_o consent_n rather_o ground_v upon_o prudential_a motive_n than_o extort_a by_o rigour_n 2._o without_o betray_v the_o liberty_n which_o by_o our_o protestation_n we_o be_v bind_v and_o in_o the_o three_o article_n of_o this_o covenant_n must_v swear_v with_o our_o life_n and_o fortune_n to_o preserve_v to_o which_o liberty_n the_o imposition_n of_o a_o new_a oath_n other_o than_o be_v establish_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v express_v in_o the_o b_o 3._o petition_n of_o right_n and_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o their_o c_o 860._o declaration_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v contrary_a 3._o without_o acknowledge_v in_o the_o imposer_n a_o great_a power_n then_o for_o aught_o that_o appear_v to_o we_o have_v be_v in_o former_a time_n challenge_v or_o can_v consist_v with_o our_o former_a protestation_n if_o we_o right_o understand_v it_o in_o sundry_a the_o most_o material_a branch_n thereof_o neither_o second_o be_v we_o satisfy_v although_o the_o covenant_n shall_v not_o be_v impose_v upon_o we_o at_o all_o but_o only_o recommend_v to_o we_o and_o then_o leave_v to_o our_o choice_n 1._o how_o we_o shall_v in_o wisdom_n and_o duty_n be_v subject_n of_o our_o own_o accord_n and_o free_a will_v enter_v into_o a_o covenant_n wherein_o he_o who_o subject_n we_o be_v be_v in_o any_o wise_a concern_v without_o his_o consent_n either_o express_v or_o reasonable_o presume_v it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n as_o we_o conceive_v by_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o law_n numb._n 30._o to_o annul_v and_o make_v void_a the_o same_o at_o his_o pleasure_n 2._o how_o we_o can_v now_o that_o his_o majesty_n have_v by_o his_o public_a d_o car._n interdict_v sufficient_o make_v know_v his_o pleasure_n in_o that_o behalf_n enter_v into_o a_o covenant_n the_o take_v whereof_o he_o have_v express_o forbid_v without_o forfeit_v that_o obedience_n which_o as_o we_o be_v persuade_v by_o our_o natural_a allegiance_n and_o former_a oath_n we_o owe_v unto_o all_o such_o his_o majesty_n command_n as_o be_v not_o in_o our_o apprehension_n repugnant_a to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n or_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n iii_o of_o the_o first_o article_n of_o the_o covenant_n wherein_o first_o we_o be_v not_o satisfy_v how_o we_o can_v with_o judgement_n swear_v to_o endeavour_v to_o preserve_v the_o religion_n of_o another_o kingdom_n 1._o whereof_o as_o it_o do_v not_o concern_v we_o to_o have_v very_o much_o so_o we_o profess_v to_o have_v very_o little_a understanding_n 2._o which_o so_o far_o as_o the_o occurrent_n of_o these_o unhappy_a time_n have_v bring_v it_o to_o our_o knowledge_n and_o we_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v be_v in_o three_o of_o the_o four_o specify_v particular_n viz._n worship_n discipline_n and_o government_n much_o worse_o and_o in_o
shall_v be_v print_v and_o publish_v in_o all_o the_o parish-church_n and_o chapel_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o to_o stand_v and_o remain_v as_o a_o testimony_n of_o the_o clearness_n of_o their_o intention_n whether_o the_o subject_n of_o ourselves_o and_o brethren_n by_o oath_n unto_o such_o punishment_n as_o shall_v be_v inflict_v upon_o we_o without_o law_n or_o merit_n at_o the_o sole_a pleasure_n of_o such_o uncertain_a judge_n as_o shall_v be_v upon_o any_o particular_a occasion_n depute_v for_o that_o effect_n of_o what_o mean_a quality_n or_o ability_n soever_o they_o be_v even_o to_o the_o take_v away_o of_o our_o life_n if_o they_o shall_v think_v it_o convenient_a so_o to_o do_v though_o the_o degree_n of_o our_o offence_n shall_v not_o require_v or_o deserve_v the_o same_o be_v not_o the_o betray_n of_o our_o liberty_n in_o the_o low_a and_o the_o set_n up_o of_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o five_o article_n be_v the_o settle_n and_o continuance_n of_o a_o firm_a peace_n and_o union_n between_o the_o three_o kingdom_n since_o it_o be_v our_o bind_a duty_n to_o desire_v and_o according_a to_o our_o several_a place_n and_o interest_n by_o all_o lawful_a mean_n to_o endeavour_v the_o same_o we_o shall_v make_v no_o scruple_n at_o all_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o covenant_n to_o that_o purpose_n be_v it_o not_o 1._o that_o we_o do_v not_o see_v nor_o therefore_o can_v acknowledge_v the_o happiness_n of_o such_o a_o bless_a peace_n between_o the_o three_o kingdom_n for_o we_o hope_v ireland_n be_v not_o forget_v as_o in_o the_o article_n be_v mention_v so_o long_o as_o ireland_n be_v at_o war_n within_o itself_o and_o both_o the_o other_o kingdom_n engage_v in_o that_o war_n 2._o that_o since_o no_o peace_n can_v be_v firm_a and_o well-grounded_a that_o be_v not_o bottom_v upon_o justice_n the_o most_o proper_a and_o adequate_a act_n whereof_o be_v ius_fw-la suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la to_o let_v every_o one_o have_v that_o which_o of_o right_n belong_v unto_o he_o we_o can_v conceive_v how_o a_o firm_a and_o last_a peace_n can_v be_v establish_v in_o these_o kingdom_n unless_o the_o respective_a authority_n power_n and_o liberty_n of_o king_n parliament_n and_o subject_a as_o well_o every_o one_o as_o other_o be_v preserve_v full_a and_o entire_a according_a to_o the_o know_a law_n and_o continue_v unquestioned_a custom_n of_o the_o several_a kingdom_n in_o former_a time_n and_o before_o the_o beginning_n of_o these_o sad_a distraction_n in_o the_o six_o article_n we_o be_v altogether_o unsatisfied_a 1._o the_o whole_a article_n be_v ground_v upon_o a_o supposition_n which_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v evidence_v to_o we_o viz._n that_o this_o cause_n mean_v thereby_o or_o else_o we_o understand_v it_o not_o the_o join_n in_o this_o covenant_n of_o mutual_a defence_n for_o the_o prosecuon_n of_o the_o late_a war_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o religion_n liberty_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o that_o it_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n 2._o if_o all_o the_o premise_n be_v so_o clear_a that_o we_o dare_v yield_v our_o free_a assent_n thereunto_o yet_o be_v they_o not_o sufficient_a to_o warrant_v to_o our_o conscience_n what_o in_o this_o article_n be_v require_v to_o be_v swear_v of_o we_o unless_o we_o be_v as_o clear_o satisfy_v concerning_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o mean_n to_o be_v use_v for_o the_o support_n of_o such_o a_o cause_n for_o since_o evil_a may_v not_o be_v do_v that_o good_a may_v come_v thereof_o we_o can_v yet_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o religion_n liberty_n and_o peace_n may_v be_v support_v or_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n seek_v to_o be_v advance_v by_o such_o mean_n as_o to_o our_o best_a understanding_n be_v both_o improper_a for_o those_o end_n and_o destitute_a of_o all_o warrant_n from_o the_o law_n either_o of_o god_n or_o of_o this_o realm_n last_o in_o the_o conclusion_n our_o heart_n tremble_v to_o think_v that_o we_o shall_v be_v require_v to_o pray_v that_o other_o christian_a church_n may_v be_v encourage_v by_o our_o example_n to_o join_v in_o the_o like_a association_n and_o covenant_n to_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o antichristian_a yoke_n etc._n etc._n wherein_o 1._o to_o omit_v that_o we_o do_v not_o know_v any_o antichristian_a yoke_n under_o which_o we_o be_v hold_v in_o these_o kingdom_n and_o from_o which_o we_o owe_v to_o this_o either_o war_n or_o covenant_n our_o freedom_n unless_o by_o the_o antichristian_a yoke_n be_v mean_v episcopal_a government_n which_o we_o hope_v no_o man_n that_o pretend_v to_o truth_n and_o charity_n will_v affirm_v 2._o we_o do_v not_o yet_o see_v in_o the_o fruit_n of_o this_o association_n or_o covenant_n among_o ourselves_o any_o thing_n so_o lovely_a as_o to_o invite_v we_o to_o desire_v much_o less_o to_o pray_v that_o other_o christian_a church_n shall_v follow_v our_o example_n herein_o 3._o to_o pray_v to_o the_o purpose_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o covenant_n express_v seem_v to_o we_o all_o one_o in_o effect_n as_o to_o beseech_v almighty_a god_n the_o god_n of_o love_n and_o peace_n 1._o to_o take_v all_o love_n and_o peace_n out_o of_o the_o heart_n of_o christian_n and_o to_o set_v the_o whole_a christian_a world_n in_o a_o combustion_n 2._o to_o render_v the_o reform_a religion_n and_o all_o protestant_n odious_a to_o all_o the_o world_n 3._o to_o provoke_v the_o prince_n of_o europe_n to_o use_v more_o severity_n towards_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a religion_n if_o not_o for_o their_o own_o security_n to_o root_v they_o quite_o out_o of_o their_o several_a dominion_n 4._o the_o tyranny_n and_o yoke_n of_o antichrist_n if_o lay_v upon_o the_o neck_n of_o subject_n by_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n be_v to_o be_v throw_v off_o by_o christian_a boldness_n in_o confess_v the_o truth_n and_o patient_n suffer_v for_o it_o not_o by_o take_v up_o arm_n or_o violent_a resistance_n of_o the_o high_a power_n §._o vi_o some_o consideration_n concerning_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o covenant_n our_o aforesaid_a scruple_n be_v much_o strengthen_v by_o these_o ensue_a consideration_n first_o that_o whereas_o no_o oath_n which_o be_v contradictory_a to_o itself_o can_v be_v take_v without_o perjury_n because_o the_o one_o part_n of_o every_o contradiction_n must_v needs_o be_v false_a this_o covenant_n either_o indeed_o contain_v or_o at_o leastwise_o which_o to_o the_o point_n of_o conscience_n be_v not_o much_o less_o effectual_a seem_v to_o we_o to_o contain_v sundry_a contradiction_n as_o namely_o among_o other_o these_o 1._o to_o preserve_v as_o it_o be_v without_o change_n and_o yet_o to_o reform_v and_o alter_v and_o not_o to_o preserve_v one_o and_o the_o same_o reform_a religion_n 2._o absolute_o and_o without_o exception_n to_o preserve_v and_o yet_o upon_o supposition_n to_o extirpate_v the_o selfsame_a thing_n viz._n the_o present_a religion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o scotland_n 3._o to_o reform_v church-government_n establish_v in_o england_n and_o ireland_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o yet_o to_o extirpate_v that_o government_n which_o we_o be_v persuade_v to_o be_v according_a thereunto_o for_o the_o introduce_n of_o another_o whereof_o we_o be_v not_o so_o persuade_v 4._o to_o endeavour_v real_o the_o extirpation_n of_o heresy_n schism_n and_o profaneness_n and_o yet_o withal_o to_o extirpate_v that_o government_n in_o the_o church_n the_o want_n of_o the_o due_a exercise_n whereof_o we_o conceive_v to_o have_v be_v one_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o say_a evil_n and_o do_v believe_v the_o restore_n and_o continuance_n thereof_o will_v be_v the_o most_o proper_a and_o effectual_a remedy_n 5._o to_o preserve_v with_o our_o estate_n and_o life_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o be_v as_o in_o the_o protestation_n be_v explain_v of_o the_o subject_a and_o yet_o contrary_a to_o these_o liberty_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o imposition_n of_o this_o covenant_n and_o of_o the_o negative_a oath_n not_o yet_o establish_v by_o law_n and_o to_o put_v our_o life_n and_o estate_n under_o the_o arbitrary_a power_n of_o such_o as_o may_v take_v away_o both_o from_o we_o when_o they_o please_v not_o only_o without_o but_o even_o against_o law_n if_o they_o shall_v judge_v it_o convenient_a so_o to_o do_v second_o we_o find_v in_o the_o covenant_n sundry_a expression_n of_o dark_a or_o doubtful_a construction_n whereunto_o we_o can_v swear_v in_o judgement_n till_o their_o sense_n be_v clear_v and_o agree_v upon_o as_o who_o be_v the_o common_a enemy_n and_o which_o be_v the_o best_a reform_a church_n mention_v in_o the_o first_o
defenditur_fw-la iure_fw-la et_fw-la mente_fw-la rom._n 14._o 22._o happy_a be_v he_o that_o condemn_v not_o himself_o in_o that_o which_o he_o allow_v the_o end_n errata_fw-la page_n 23._o marg._n read_v haeretici_fw-la pag._n 24._o l._n 12._o read_v ecclesiastical_a p._n 24._o l._n 27._o r._n declare_v against_o episcopacy_n p._n 26._o l._n ult._n marg._n r._n hen._n 3._o p._n 28._o 1._o 24._o r._n be_v inevitable_o a_o such_o a_o oath_n as_o for_o matter_n person_n and_o other_o circumstance_n the_o like_a have_v not_o be_v in_o any_o age_n or_o oath_n we_o read_v of_o in_o sacred_a or_o human_a story_n m._n nye_n covenant_n with_o narrative_n pag._n 12._o a_o pactum_fw-la est_fw-la duorum_fw-la pluriúmve_fw-la in_fw-la idem_fw-la placitum_fw-la consensus_fw-la l._n 1._o ff._n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la b_o whereas_o many_o of_o they_o have_v have_v a_o oath_n administer_v unto_o they_o not_o warrantable_a by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n they_o do_v humble_o pray_v that_o no_o man_n hereafter_o be_v compel_v to_o take_v such_o a_o oath_n all_o which_o they_o most_o humble_o pray_v as_o their_o right_n and_o liberty_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n petit._n of_o right_n 3._o c_o it_o be_v declare_v 16_o ian._n 1642._o that_o the_o king_n can_v compel_v man_n to_o be_v swear_v without_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n exact_a collect._n pag._n 859_o 860._o d_o proclam_fw-la of_o 9_o octob._n 19_o car._n a_o viz._n in_o account_v bishop_n antichristian_a and_o indifferent_a ceremony_n unlawful_a b_o viz._n in_o make_v their_o discipline_n and_o government_n a_o mark_n of_o the_o true_a church_n and_o the_o set_n up_o thereof_o the_o erect_n of_o the_o throne_n of_o christ_n c_o let_v we_o not_o be_v blame_v if_o we_o call_v it_o parliament_n religion_n parliament_n gospel_n parliament_n faith_n harding_n confut_o of_o apology_n part_n 6._o chap._n 2._o d_o stat._n 13._o eliz._n 12._o e_o such_o jurisdiction_n privilege_n superiority_n and_o preeminence_n spiritual_a and_o ecclesiastical_a as_o by_o any_o etc._n etc._n for_o the_o visitation_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n and_o person_n and_o for_o reformation_n order_n and_o correction_n of_o the_o same_o and_o of_o all_o manner_n error_n heresy_n schism_n abuse_n offence_n contempt_n and_o enormity_n shall_v for_o ever_o by_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n be_v unite_v and_o annex_v to_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o this_o realm_n a_o act_n restore_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o ancient_a jurisdiction_n etc._n etc._n 1_o elizab._n i._n a_o art_n 36._o b_o give_v advantage_n to_o this_o malignant_a party_n to_o traduce_v our_o proceed_n they_o infuse_v into_o the_o people_n that_o we_o mean_v to_o abolish_v all_o church-government_n remonst_z 15._o dec._n 1641._o exact_a collect._n pag._n 19_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v declare_v that_o they_o intend_v a_o due_a and_o necessary_a reformation_n of_o the_o government_n and_o liturgy_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o take_v away_o nothing_o in_o the_o one_o or_o in_o the_o other_o but_o what_o shall_v be_v evil_a and_o just_o offensive_a or_o at_o least_o unnecessary_a and_o burdensome_a declar._n 9_o apr._n 1642._o exact_a coll._n p._n 135._o c_o statut._n of_o carlisle_n 25._o e._n 1._o recite_v 25._o e._n 3._o d_o they_o infuse_v into_o the_o people_n that_o we_o mean_v to_o leave_v every_o man_n to_o his_o own_o fancy_n absolve_v he_o of_o that_o obedience_n which_o he_o owe_v under_o god_n unto_o his_o majesty_n who_o we_o know_v to_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n as_o well_o as_o with_o the_o temporal_a exact_a collect._n ubi_fw-la sup_n p._n 19_o e_o that_o he_o will_v grant_v keep_v and_o confirm_v the_o law_n custom_n and_o franchise_n grant_v to_o the_o clergy_n by_o the_o glorious_a king_n s._n edward_n and_o that_o he_o will_v grant_v and_o preserve_v unto_o the_o bishop_n and_o to_o the_o church_n commit_v to_o their_o charge_n all_o canonical_a privilege_n and_o due_a law_n and_o justice_n and_o that_o he_o will_v protect_v and_o defend_v they_o as_o every_o good_a king_n in_o his_o kingdom_n ought_v to_o be_v protector_n and_o defender_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o church_n under_o their_o government_n vide_fw-la exact_v coll._n p._n 290_o 291._o f_o see_v stat._n 25._o h._n 8._o 20._o and_o 1._o e._n 6._o 2_o g_o see_v stat._n 39_o eliz._n 8._o h_o stat._n 14._o e._n 3._o 4._o and_o 5._o and_o 17._o e._n 3._o 14_o i_o stat._n 26._o h._n 8._o 3._o and_o 1._o eliz._n 4._o k_o supremam_fw-la potestatem_fw-la et_fw-la merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la habet_fw-la rex_fw-la cambd._n whereas_o by_o sundry_a divers_a old_a authentic_a history_n and_o chronicle_n it_o be_v manifest_o declare_v and_o express_v that_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v a_o empire_n and_o so_o have_v be_v accept_v in_o the_o world_n govern_v by_o one_o supreme_a head_n and_o king_n have_v the_o dignity_n and_o royal_a estate_n of_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o the_o same_o stat._n 24._o h._n 8._o 12._o see_v also_o 1_o elizab._n 3._o a_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v declare_v that_o they_o intend_v a_o due_a and_o necessary_a reformation_n of_o the_o liturgy_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o take_v away_o nothing_o therein_o but_o what_o shall_v be_v evil_a and_o just_o offensive_a or_o at_o least_o unnecessary_a and_o burdensome_a declarat_fw-la 9_o apr._n 1642._o exact_a coll._n pag._n 135._o c_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o be_v preserve_v answ._n to_o scotish_a paper_n 18._o nov._n 1646._o page_n 21._o d_o we_o observe_v you_o mention_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o king_n twice_o from_o the_o covenant_n yet_o in_o both_o place_n leave_v out_o in_o the_o preservation_n and_o etc._n etc._n pag._n 39_o and_o 46._o a_o main_a clause_n without_o which_o the_o other_o part_n ought_v never_o to_o be_v mention_v pag._n 56._o a_o haeretici_fw-la nec_fw-la deo_fw-la nec_fw-la hominibus_fw-la servant_fw-la fidem_fw-la speciatim_fw-la hec_fw-la addo_fw-la calvinistas_n in_fw-la hac_fw-la re_fw-la deteriores_fw-la esse_fw-la quà m_fw-la lutheranos_fw-la nam_fw-la calvinistae_fw-la nullam_fw-la servant_fw-la fiâ—em_fw-la iura_fw-la perjura_fw-la lutherani_fw-la moderatiores_fw-la sunt_fw-la becan_n 5._o manual_n controv._n 14._o 2._o 4._o etc._n etc._n b_o invent_v oath_n and_o covenant_n for_o the_o kingdom_n dispense_v with_o they_o when_o he_o please_v swear_v and_o forswear_v as_o the_o wind_n turn_v like_o a_o godly_a presbyter_n arraig_n of_o perfec_n in_o epist._n ded._n c_o by_o the_o covenant_n both_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o many_o thousand_o of_o other_o his_o majesty_n subject_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n stand_v bind_v as_o well_o as_o we_o to_o hinder_v the_o set_n up_o of_o the_o church-government_n by_o bishop_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n and_o that_o we_o as_o well_o as_o they_o stand_v bind_v to_o endeavour_v the_o extirpation_n thereof_o in_o england_n and_o ireland_n scot_n declar._n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n 5._o aug._n 1645._o recite_v in_o answer_n to_o the_o scots_a paper_n pag._n 23._o d_o the_o old_a form_n of_o act_n of_o parliam_fw-la be_v the_o king_n will_v provide_v ordain_v establish_v grant_v etc._n etc._n by_o the_o assent_n of_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n see_v statute_n till_o 1_o h._n 4._o after_o that_o the_o king_n of_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o at_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o this_o realm_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n see_v statute_n 1_o h._n 4._o till_o 1_o h._n 7._o a_o form_n of_o such_o petition_n of_o the_o commons_o see_v 1_o r._n 3._o 6._o pray_fw-mi the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v that_o where_o etc._n etc._n please_v it_o therefore_o your_o highness_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a in_o this_o your_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o the_o authoriâ—y_n of_o the_o same_o to_o ordaince_n etc._n etc._n no_o bill_n be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n ordinance_n or_o edict_n of_o law_n although_o both_o the_o house_n agree_v unanimous_o in_o it_o till_o it_o have_v the_o royal_a assent_n ancient_a custom_n pag._n 54._o assemblee_n de_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr troy'_fw-fr estate_n est_fw-la appellee_o un_fw-fr act_n de_fw-fr parliament_n car_fw-fr sans_fw-fr tout_fw-fr troy'_fw-fr nest_n ascun_fw-fr act_n de_fw-fr parl._n finch_n nomotech_n fol._n 21._o we_o admit_v that_o no_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v complete_a or_o formal_o bind_v without_o the_o king_n assent_n h._n p._n answer_n to_o david_n jenkin_n pag._n 6._o e_o which_o if_o your_o majesty_n shall_v be_v please_v to_o adorn_v with_o your_o majesty_n royal_a assent_n without_o which_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v complete_a and_o perfect_a nor_o stat._n 1._o jac._n 1._o f_o stat._n 33._o h._n 1._o 21._o g_o dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la habet_fw-la ordinariam_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la et_fw-la potestatem_fw-la super_fw-la omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la in_fw-la regno_fw-la suo_fw-la sunt_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la sunt_fw-la et_fw-la pacis_fw-la ad_fw-la nullum_fw-la pertinent_fw-la nisi_fw-la and_o coronam_fw-la et_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la regiam_fw-la nec_fw-la à _fw-la coronâ_fw-la separari_fw-la possunt_fw-la bracton_n cite_v by_o stamford_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 2._o h_o for_o in_o our_o law_n the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o communality_n be_v the_o 3._o estate_n we_o your_o say_a most_o love_a faithful_a and_o obedient_a subject_n viz._n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o represent_v your_o three_o estate_n of_o your_o realm_n of_o england_n 1_o eliz._n 3._o the_o state_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a state_n of_o this_o realm_n 8_o eliz._n 1._o i_o see_v finâ—h_n supra_fw-la ad_fw-la lit._n d_n k_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v be_v so_o free_a at_o all_o time_n that_o it_o have_v be_v in_o no_o earthly_a subjection_n but_o immediate_o to_o god_n in_o all_o thing_n touch_v the_o regality_n of_o the_o say_a crown_n 16_o r._n 2._o 5._o omnis_fw-la sub_fw-la eo_fw-la est_fw-la and_o ipse_fw-la sub_fw-la nullo_fw-la nisi_fw-la tantùm_fw-la sub_fw-la deo_fw-la parem_fw-la autem_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la rex_fw-la in_fw-la regno_fw-la suo_fw-la quia_fw-la item_n nec_fw-la multò_fw-la fortiùs_fw-la superiorem_fw-la aut_fw-la potentiorem_fw-la habere_fw-la debet_fw-la quia_fw-la sic_fw-la esset_fw-la inferior_fw-la suis_fw-la subjectis_fw-la bracton_n conten_a 1._o rubr._n 36._o cui_fw-la {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o legibus_fw-la ipsis_fw-la legum_fw-la vim_fw-la imponendi_fw-la potestatem_fw-la deus_fw-la dedit_fw-la finch_n nomotech_n in_o epist._n dedic._n to_o k._n james_n l_o fons_fw-la iustitiae_fw-la bracton_n by_o war_n to_o intend_v the_o alteration_n of_o the_o law_n in_o any_o part_n of_o they_o be_v to_o levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n and_o consequent_o treason_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 3._o because_o they_o be_v the_o king_n law_n he_o be_v the_o fountain_n from_o whence_o in_o their_o several_a channel_n they_o be_v derive_v to_o the_o subject_a master_n saint_n john_n speech_n concerning_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n page_n 12._o m_o et_fw-la ibidem_fw-la vobiscum_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la tractare_fw-la super_fw-la dictis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la tract_n vestrumque_fw-la consilium_fw-la impensur_fw-la write_v to_o the_o lord_n a_o every_o subject_a by_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o allegiance_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v and_o assist_v his_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v 11_o h._n 7._o 18._o stat._n 1._o el._n 1._o 1_o cor._n 5._o 1._o etc._n etc._n 1_o cor._n 11._o 28._o etc._n etc._n *_o stat._n 23._o eliz._n 1._o and_o 29._o eliz._n 6._o and_o 35_o el._n 1._o and_o 2._o and_o 3_o iac._n 4._o and_o 5._o