antoninus_n pius_n take_v a_o great_a care_n to_o defend_v the_o empire_n than_o enlarge_v its_o bound_n and_o as_o to_o marcus_n antoninus_n the_o philosopher_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o compass_n the_o design_n he_o have_v of_o reduce_v sarmatia_n into_o a_o province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n maximin_n have_v no_o better_a success_n against_o they_o and_o since_o his_o time_n the_o empire_n decline_v apace_o till_o probus_n revive_v their_o spirit_n again_o this_o great_a man_n subdue_v the_o german_n and_o give_v the_o sarmatian_n so_o many_o overthrow_v that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o territory_n they_o have_v usurp_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o predecessor_n they_o be_v again_o defeat_v by_o dioclesian_n and_o constantius_n but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o they_o become_v subject_n to_o the_o roman_n valentinian_n defeat_v they_o some_o time_n after_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v pannoma_n and_o moesia_n and_o retire_v into_o their_o own_o country_n and_o begin_v to_o form_n a_o commonwealth_n under_o lochus_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 550._o they_o have_v preserve_v their_o liberty_n ever_o since_o though_o they_o have_v be_v often_o reduce_v to_o great_a extremity_n but_o they_o never_o pay_v tribute_n to_o any_o of_o their_o neighbour_n it_o be_v true_a that_o their_o king_n michael_n wieznowisky_n have_v the_o weakness_n to_o agree_v to_o pay_v a_o yearly_o tribute_n to_o the_o turk_n but_o the_o state_n of_o poland_n refuse_v to_o ratify_v the_o treaty_n and_o bold_o assert_v their_o right_n and_o liberty_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o john_n sobiesky_n grand_a mareshal_n of_o the_o crown_n who_o be_v afterward_o elect_v king_n and_o force_v the_o turk_n to_o renounce_v the_o pretend_a tribute_n that_o michael_n have_v promise_v they_o the_o nobility_n of_o poland_n be_v so_o numerous_a and_o brave_a that_o it_o seem_v moral_o impossible_a to_o conquer_v their_o country_n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v well_o unite_v and_o the_o surprise_v progress_n of_o charles_n gustavus_n king_n of_o sweden_n who_o in_o three_o month_n time_n conquer_a almost_o that_o kingdom_n signify_v nothing_o in_o this_o case_n for_o that_o prince_n be_v call_v in_o by_o some_o of_o the_o polander_n themselves_o and_o the_o other_o will_v not_o fight_v for_o their_o king_n the_o precipitate_v retreat_n of_o the_o swede_n when_o the_o pole_n return_v to_o their_o duty_n show_v how_o little_a they_o be_v able_a to_o conquer_v poland_n but_o i_o leave_v off_o this_o subject_a to_o speak_v a_o word_n as_o to_o this_o book_n the_o first_o part_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o polish_v government_n of_o the_o state_n of_o poland_n in_o respect_n to_o its_o neighbour_n of_o the_o prerogative_n of_o their_o king_n of_o their_o diet_n custom_n manner_n ceremony_n religion_n coin_n etc._n etc._n be_v owing_n to_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n who_o have_v reside_v many_o year_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o merit_n as_o well_o as_o character_n can_v better_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o matter_n he_o treat_v of_o than_o man_n of_o ordinary_a birth_n and_o capacity_n the_o appendix_n contain_v a_o chronological_a abridgement_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n some_o far_a remark_n on_o the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n the_o instrument_n of_o the_o abdication_n of_o king_n john_n casimire_n the_o rise_v progress_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o socinian_o be_v partly_o abstract_v from_o history_n and_o private_a memoires_n of_o person_n that_o may_v be_v depend_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o late_a interregnum_fw-la and_o the_o election_n of_o frederick_n augustus_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o best_a intelligence_n that_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o have_v from_o poland_n consider_v the_o confusion_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o that_o country_n and_o the_o pretension_n of_o the_o competitor_n be_v state_v and_o relate_v as_o they_o have_v be_v communicate_v by_o the_o eye-witness_n of_o those_o transaction_n the_o content_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o polish_v government_n and_o the_o principal_a officer_n of_o state_n p._n 1_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o division_n of_o poland_n into_o province_n p._n 4_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o state_n of_o poland_n with_o respect_n to_o its_o neighbour_n and_o of_o the_o various_a success_n of_o the_o war_n in_o which_o it_o have_v be_v engage_v with_o they_o p._n 12_o chap._n iv_o of_o the_o tartar_n their_o manner_n of_o fight_v their_o original_a division_n of_o their_o country_n manner_n and_o history_n of_o their_o action_n and_o how_o they_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o turk_n p._n 27_o chap._n v._o of_o ukrania_n and_o the_o cossack_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o lithuanian_n and_o livonian_o p._n 37_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o state_n of_o poland_n p._n 76_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o king_n p._n 81_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o senate_n in_o general_n p._n 97_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o senate_n a_o particular_a and_o first_o of_o the_o bishop_n p._n 98_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o palatine_n castellan_n and_o officer_n of_o state_n who_o be_v senator_n p._n 107_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n p._n 113_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o officer_n who_o be_v not_o senator_n p._n 118_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o interregnum_fw-la p._n 120_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n p._n 124_o chap._n xv._o of_o the_o diet_n in_o general_n p._n 128_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o election_n p._n 137_o chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o election_n of_o a_o successor_n p._n 144_o chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la or_o the_o contract_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n p._n 147_o chap._n xix_o of_o the_o king_n coronation_n p._n 153_o chap._n xx._n of_o the_o queen_n of_o poland_n p._n 161_o chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o polish_v army_n p._n 164_o chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o estate_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o polander_n p._n 174_o chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o custom_n humour_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o polander_n p._n 184_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o their_o religion_n p._n 191_o chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n p._n 194_o chap._n xxvi_o their_o marriage_n and_o funeral_n p._n 196_o chap._n xxvii_o of_o the_o diet_n and_o entertainment_n of_o the_o polander_n p._n 200_o chap._n xxviii_o their_o way_n of_o travel_v p._n 205_o chap._n xxix_o of_o the_o polish_v money_n p._n 209._o a_o chronological_a abridgement_n of_o the_o history_n of_o poland_n p._n 212._o a_o panegyrical_n character_n of_o the_o last_o king_n john_n iii_o with_o a_o account_n of_o his_o principal_a action_n and_o death_n p._n 221_o further_a remark_n on_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o extraordinary_a care_n they_o take_v of_o their_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n p._n 223._o the_o form_n of_o king_n casimire_n abdication_n p._n 225._o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o state_n publish_v on_o that_o cecasion_n p._n 228._o the_o rise_n of_o socinianism_n in_o poland_n and_o of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o that_o sect._n p._n 230_o edict_n of_o king_n sigismond_n against_o the_o socinian_o p._n 233._o edict_n of_o king_n john_n casimire_n against_o they_o p._n 236._o a_o letter_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o socinian_o p._n 238._o a_o petition_n of_o the_o socinian_o send_v some_o year_n ago_o into_o england_n represent_v brief_o their_o miserable_a condition_n p._n 248._o where_o now_o settle_a p._n 250._o account_v of_o the_o late_a interregnum_fw-la and_o election_n of_o the_o present_a king_n with_o some_o further_a remark_n on_o the_o late_a king_n and_o a_o short_a character_n of_o the_o several_a candidate_n for_o that_o crown_n p._n 251_o the_o proposal_n make_v by_o the_o baron_n de_fw-fr fleming_n in_o behalf_n of_o his_o master_n the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n p._n 274._o the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la sworn_n to_o by_o the_o baron_n de_fw-fr fleming_n in_o the_o great_a church_n of_o warsaw_n p._n 278_o a_o great_a embassy_n appoint_v to_o go_v and_o offer_v the_o crown_n to_o the_o elector_n with_o the_o remarkable_a speech_n of_o the_o first_o ambassador_n on_o that_o occasion_n p._n 281._o the_o king_n speech_n to_o the_o nobility_n assemble_v to_o congratulate_v he_o p._n 288._o his_o coronation_n p._n 293._o the_o prince_n of_o conty_n arrival_n at_o dantzick_n etc._n etc._n p._n 295_o the_o present_a state_n of_o poland_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o polish_v government_n and_o the_o principal_a officer_n of_o state_n poland_n be_v a_o republic_n compose_v of_o two_o estate_n the_o crown_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n the_o crown_n be_v proper_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n be_v unite_v to_o it_o in_o the_o
hundred_o thousand_o livre_n all_o this_o provide_v he_o may_v marry_v hedwige_n and_o be_v elect_v king_n of_o poland_n these_o advantageous_a proposal_n be_v hearken_v to_o and_o grant_v and_o according_o he_o be_v elect_a king_n by_o these_o mean_v lithuania_n be_v in_o time_n unite_v to_o poland_n and_o from_o a_o hereditaty_a state_n be_v become_v a_o part_n of_o a_o elective_a republic_n which_o change_n some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o race_n of_o jagello_n do_v not_o altogether_o approve_v nor_o can_v it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v full_o effect_v till_o the_o extinction_n of_o that_o family_n for_o be_v unwilling_a to_o deprive_v their_o heir_n of_o a_o hereditary_a right_n by_o submit_v to_o make_v lithuania_n elective_a they_o still_o delay_v the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o convention_n allege_v that_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o lithuania_n will_v never_o suffer_v it_o lest_o by_o such_o a_o union_n they_o shall_v lose_v their_o ancient_a degree_n and_o dignity_n thing_n remain_v in_o this_o condition_n while_o there_o be_v prince_n of_o that_o family_n to_o be_v elect_v at_o last_o the_o lithuanian_n perceive_v that_o it_o be_v extinct_a as_o to_o male_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n sigismond_n augustus_n and_o be_v afraid_a of_o eruption_n from_o their_o encroach_a neighbour_n the_o muscovite_n they_o consent_v to_o a_o union_n the_o example_n of_o stephen_n batori_n verify_v also_o what_o we_o have_v already_o say_v of_o the_o regard_n which_o the_o pole_n have_v to_o the_o royal_a family_n in_o point_n of_o election_n for_o that_o prince_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o poland_n only_o upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v marry_v the_o princess_n anne_n sister_n to_o sigismond_n augustus_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o be_v the_o last_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o jagellone_n i_o must_v own_o that_o there_o be_v several_a reason_n which_o concur_v to_o cause_v the_o polander_n to_o impose_v that_o condition_n on_o stephen_n batori_fw-la for_o thus_o they_o do_v not_o only_o express_v their_o respect_n to_o the_o jagellonian_a family_n but_o avoid_v the_o expense_n which_o they_o must_v otherwise_o have_v be_v at_o for_o the_o maintain_n of_o two_o princess_n but_o that_o which_o engage_v they_o the_o rather_o to_o act_v thus_o be_v the_o abdication_n of_o henry_n of_o valds_n king_n of_o poland_n who_o have_v refuse_v to_o marry_v she_o for_o that_o prince_n have_v receive_v the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o charles_n ix_o his_o brother_n private_o leave_v poland_n the_o 18_o of_o june_n 1574_o and_o return_v to_o france_n after_o he_o have_v be_v crown_v at_o cracow_n the_o 24_o of_o february_n and_o have_v remain_v five_o month_n with_o the_o republic_n the_o polander_n therefore_o believe_v that_o they_o will_v thus_o more_o strong_o bind_v stephen_n batori_fw-la to_o their_o interest_n oblige_v he_o to_o marry_v the_o princess_n anne_n though_o she_o be_v somewhat_o elderly_a but_o this_o prove_v of_o a_o very_a unhappy_a consequence_n for_o all_o the_o church_n of_o sweden_n for_o stephen_n battori_n die_v afterward_o at_o iroane_n on_o the_o 12_o of_o december_n 1586_o without_o leave_v any_o issue_n the_o republic_n still_o have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o jagellone_n choose_v sigismond_n the_o three_o the_o son_n of_o john_n king_n of_o sweden_n and_o of_o catharine_n sister_n to_o sigismond_n augustus_n and_o thus_o nephew_n to_o queen_n anne_n stephen_n battoris_n widow_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o election_n sigismond_n be_v oblige_v to_o make_v poland_n the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n leave_v the_o government_n of_o sweden_n to_o his_o uncle_n the_o duke_n of_o sudermania_n who_o afterward_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n where_o he_o abolish_v the_o roman_a religion_n and_o establish_v the_o lutheran_n which_o he_o public_o profess_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o polander_n as_o to_o their_o prefer_v the_o offspring_n of_o their_o king_n before_o other_o be_v so_o true_a that_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o acknowledge_v a_o regal_a state_n even_o at_o a_o time_n when_o they_o be_v all_o stranger_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n they_o choose_v venda_n to_o be_v their_o queen_n be_v the_o only_a person_n that_o be_v leave_v of_o the_o line_n of_o cracus_n their_o third_n king_n long_o after_o this_o lewis_z king_n of_o poland_n and_o hungary_n have_v choose_v for_o his_o successor_n sigismond_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o have_v wed_v his_o elder_a daughter_n the_o republic_n meet_v at_o radom_n in_o the_o year_n 1312_o and_o the_o diet_n past_o a_o constitution_n whereby_o sigismond_n be_v exclude_v however_o declare_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o due_a regard_n have_v to_o the_o princess_n his_o wife_n the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n give_v afterward_o their_o vote_n for_o ziemowitz_n duke_n of_o masovia_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v wed_v hedwige_n who_o be_v king_n lewis_n daughter_n but_o queen_n elizabeth_n her_o mother_n will_v not_o consent_v that_o her_o daughter_n shall_v marry_v so_o inconsiderable_a a_o prince_n as_o be_v the_o duke_n of_o masovia_n though_o he_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a house_n of_o casimir_n the_o great_a i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o polander_n have_v not_o only_o some_o consideration_n for_o all_o those_o of_o the_o royal_a family_n but_o that_o they_o have_v also_o a_o great_a regard_n to_o the_o widow_n of_o their_o king_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o they_o oblige_v king_n john_n casimir_n to_o marry_v queen_n maria_n aloisia_n the_o widow_n of_o vladislaus_n the_o four_o his_o brother_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n this_o will_v further_o appear_v by_o the_o proposal_n that_o be_v make_v to_o queen_n eleonor_n of_o austria_n the_o widow_n of_o king_n michael_n during_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n in_o the_o year_n 1674._o for_o the_o pole_n insist_v upon_o that_o queen_n marry_v the_o prince_n of_o newburg_n for_o who_o the_o french_a use_v their_o interest_n insomuch_o that_o on_o the_o 18_o of_o may_n four_o bishop_n come_v to_o that_o queen_n and_o assure_v she_o that_o provide_v she_o will_v consent_v to_o wed_v that_o prince_n he_o will_v certain_o be_v elect_v and_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o the_o different_a party_n will_v be_v reunite_v but_o queen_n eleonor_n who_o be_v the_o emperor_n sister_n and_o who_o then_o do_v nothing_o but_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o chancellor_n patz_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o court_n of_o vienna_n make_v they_o no_o other_o answer_n but_o that_o she_o have_v some_o friend_n in_o the_o diet_n who_o will_v take_v care_n of_o her_o interest_n a_o draw_v trezebsckâ—_n bishop_n of_o cracow_n be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o that_o be_v depute_v on_o that_o account_n to_o the_o queen_n and_o afterward_o to_o chancellor_n patz_n who_o as_o i_o have_v say_v be_v her_o chief_a councillor_n but_o that_o chancellor_n who_o have_v a_o mind_n the_o election_n shall_v fall_v on_o prince_n charles_n of_o lorraine_n who_o the_o emperor_n do_v very_o earnest_o recommend_v make_v answer_v that_o he_o will_v have_v no_o other_o but_o the_o prince_n of_o lorraine_n and_o not_o the_o prince_n of_o newburg_n the_o event_n soon_o convince_v he_o of_o his_o error_n and_o make_v he_o know_v that_o he_o have_v take_v wrong_a measure_n and_o not_o understand_v his_o true_a interest_n for_o as_o he_o have_v govern_v king_n michael_n and_o still_o have_v a_o absolute_a sway_n over_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o queen_n he_o may_v easy_o have_v govern_v also_o the_o prince_n of_o newburgh_n who_o be_v young_a and_o who_o his_o queen_n may_v have_v incline_v as_o she_o will_v have_v think_v fit_a the_o chancellor_n batz_n be_v so_o positive_a in_o his_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a difficult_a matter_n to_o make_v he_o alter_v it_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o his_o word_n and_o when_o ever_o he_o have_v engage_v it_o to_o any_o body_n he_o be_v sure_a to_o keep_v it_o inviolable_o his_o own_o interest_n not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v he_o recant_v and_o indeed_o the_o conference_n which_o he_o have_v with_o the_o prince_n of_o newburgh_n ambassador_n at_o belveder_n whither_o i_o keep_v he_o company_n make_v it_o plain_o appear_v that_o his_o own_o interest_n alone_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o make_v he_o alter_v his_o measure_n for_o i_o understand_v afterward_o from_o he_o that_o considerable_a offer_n have_v be_v make_v he_o and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v represent_v to_o he_o what_o advantage_n the_o election_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o newburgh_n will_v bring_v to_o all_o his_o family_n but_o all_o this_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o affect_v he_o and_o so_o that_o conference_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n neither_o for_o he_o nor_o for_o the_o prince_n of_o newburgh_n
lutheran_n persuasion_n in_o the_o last_o age_n as_o do_v most_o of_o the_o northern_a nation_n they_o begin_v to_o imbibe_n that_o doctrine_n in_o the_o year_n 1525._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n the_o first_o who_o do_v not_o dare_v to_o oppose_v it_o because_o he_o be_v afraid_a of_o engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n the_o truce_n which_o he_o have_v make_v with_o they_o be_v then_o near_o expire_v sigismond_n augustus_n have_v afterward_o receive_v the_o homage_n and_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o himself_o and_o the_o republic_n from_o albert_n duke_n of_o prussia_n he_o confirm_v the_o people_n of_o prussia_n in_o their_o ancient_a right_n and_o privilege_n and_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o make_v open_a profession_n of_o the_o lutheran_n belief_n according_a to_o the_o augsburg_n confession_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o dantzic_n be_v lutheran_n and_o the_o other_o part_n calvinist_n there_o be_v only_o some_o few_o roman_a catholik_o and_o anabaptist_n for_o there_o be_v a_o entire_a liberty_n of_o conscience_n yet_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o whole_a government_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lutheran_n none_o of_o the_o other_o sect_n be_v admit_v to_o a_o share_n the_o roman_a catholik_o have_v a_o church_n there_o which_o be_v a_o convent_n of_o dominican_n monk_n which_o serve_v for_o a_o parish_n to_o all_o those_o that_o reside_v in_o the_o town_n the_o jesuit_n have_v also_o a_o house_n in_o the_o suburb_n where_o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o nunnery_n as_o for_o the_o lutheran_n they_o have_v that_o stately_a church_n which_o be_v of_o old_a enjoy_v by_o the_o roman_a catholic_n and_o which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o fine_a building_n that_o i_o have_v see_v in_o poland_n it_o be_v worthy_a observation_n that_o at_o dantzic_n even_o among_o the_o lutheran_n they_o acknowledge_v the_o pope_n nunicio_n that_o reside_v in_o poland_n in_o several_a eclesiastical_a case_n as_o for_o licenses_fw-la and_o dispensation_n to_o marry_v in_o a_o degree_n forbid_v by_o the_o canon_n i_o have_v no_o more_o to_o say_v of_o the_o city_n of_o dantzic_n but_o only_o that_o it_o disclaim_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o poland_n its_o inhabitant_n say_v that_o it_o do_v not_o submit_v to_o the_o polander_n but_o only_o to_o the_o king_n to_o vindicate_v that_o right_n of_o exemption_n the_o dantzicker_n take_v arm_n in_o the_o year_n 1576._o and_o march_v as_o far_o as_o ditschow_n upon_o the_o vistula_n with_o some_o force_n which_o they_o have_v raise_v under_o the_o command_n of_o a_o certain_a officer_n call_v john_n of_o cologn_n who_o have_v before_o that_o deafen_a marienburg_n but_o they_o be_v defeat_v by_o the_o army_n of_o poland_n however_o the_o king_n afterward_o forgive_v they_o at_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n and_o brandenburg_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n can_v send_v any_o ambassador_n to_o foreign_a prince_n nor_o receive_v any_o from_o they_o without_o the_o senate_n consent_n though_o it_o be_v he_o that_o be_v to_o give_v they_o audience_n neither_o can_v he_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n upon_o any_o account_n let_v the_o importance_n be_v what_o it_o will_n sigismond_n iii_n have_v hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n john_n king_n of_o sweden_n summon_v a_o diet_n at_o warsaw_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n 1592._o that_o the_o republic_n may_v consent_v to_o the_o journey_n which_o he_o intend_v to_o take_v into_o swedeland_n and_o lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n who_o be_v choose_v king_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1370_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o return_v into_o hungary_n be_v oblige_v to_o ask_v consent_n and_o to_o enlarge_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o nobility_n that_o he_o may_v obtain_v it_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v a_o right_a to_o judge_v and_o determine_v civil_a and_o criminal_a case_n the_o definitive_a sentence_n in_o all_o jurisdiction_n be_v past_o according_a to_o the_o majority_n of_o vote_n but_o in_o criminal_a case_n the_o king_n be_v single_a vote_n save_v the_o offender_n life_n and_o this_o because_o he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o pardon_v all_o manner_n of_o criminal_n by_o what_o tribunal_n soever_o they_o be_v condemn_v but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o the_o decision_n of_o those_o affair_n that_o concern_v the_o republic_n which_o be_v handle_v in_o a_o general_a diet_n where_o all_o the_o nobility_n be_v assemble_v by_o its_o deputy_n for_o than_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o have_v the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o those_o deputy_n who_o number_n be_v considerable_a before_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v conclude_v and_o determine_v so_o that_o as_o often_o as_o any_o one_o member_n of_o the_o assembly_n will_v not_o consent_v and_o enter_v his_o protestation_n the_o diet_n break_v off_o and_o all_o the_o deputy_n depart_v nor_o can_v the_o king_n oblige_v they_o to_o stay_v nor_o get_v another_o diet_n to_o assemble_v till_o three_o month_n after_o that_o which_o then_o break_v off_o but_o though_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n can_v hardly_o do_v any_o thing_n by_o himself_o yet_o he_o may_v take_v cognisance_n of_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o soldier_n regulate_v their_o number_n and_o command_v the_o army_n not_o but_o that_o he_o that_o be_v great_a general_n of_o it_o still_o have_v a_o great_a authority_n over_o the_o soldier_n as_o i_o will_v show_v hereafter_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o senate_n in_o general_n the_o senate_n of_o poland_n be_v compose_v of_o the_o bishop_n palatine_n castellan_n and_o the_o ten_o officer_n of_o state_n who_o dignity_n entitle_v they_o to_o a_o place_n in_o that_o assembly_n it_o be_v institute_v to_o regulate_v according_a to_o the_o justice_n and_o equity_n of_o the_o law_n all_o that_o be_v transact_v for_o the_o good_a and_o security_n of_o the_o state_n the_o king_n create_v the_o senator_n and_o before_o he_o advances_n they_o to_o that_o honour_n make_v they_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o republic_n but_o after_o they_o be_v once_o admit_v into_o that_o body_n they_o can_v be_v afterward_o displace_v in_o the_o general_n diet_v they_o sit_v at_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o king_n according_a to_o their_o dignity_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o seniority_n of_o their_o reception_n it_o be_v they_o who_o with_o the_o king_n approve_v and_o ratify_v all_o the_o constitution_n which_o the_o nobility_n propose_v to_o they_o by_o their_o deputy_n so_o that_o the_o senator_n be_v as_o it_o be_v mediator_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o nobility_n to_o preserve_v and_o defend_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o republic_n for_o it_o be_v in_o this_o order_n that_o the_o authority_n be_v proper_o lodge_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o person_n of_o which_o it_o be_v compose_v but_o by_o a_o power_n they_o derive_v from_o the_o law_n which_o determine_v their_o respective_a duty_n and_o privilege_n the_o senator_n value_v their_o dignity_n so_o much_o that_o they_o despise_v all_o the_o title_n of_o honour_n which_o the_o emperor_n be_v wont_a to_o bestow_v thus_o when_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o his_o brother_n vladislaus_n king_n of_o hungary_n go_v to_o vienna_n the_o emperor_n offer_v to_o confer_v upon_o the_o senator_n who_o accompany_v they_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o they_o refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o say_v that_o since_o they_o be_v gentleman_n of_o poland_n and_o have_v power_n to_o treat_v with_o their_o king_n both_o of_o peace_n and_o war_n he_o do_v they_o a_o injury_n to_o think_v that_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n can_v either_o be_v more_o honourable_a or_o great_a than_o that_o of_o senator_n of_o the_o republic_n of_o poland_n the_o senator_n swear_v to_o maintain_v the_o right_n liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o republic_n against_o all_o opposition_n so_o that_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v attempt_v to_o extend_v his_o power_n beyond_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n which_o he_o be_v oblige_v by_o oath_n to_o preserve_v the_o senator_n may_v put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o oath_n without_o lose_v that_o respect_n which_o be_v due_a to_o his_o majesty_n and_o therefore_o there_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v four_o senator_n at_o court_n both_o to_o assist_v the_o king_n with_o their_o counsel_n and_o to_o see_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v contrary_a to_o their_o privilege_n which_o the_o polander_n believe_v to_o be_v the_o only_a way_n to_o secure_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o republic_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o none_o of_o the_o senator_n must_v go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o leave_n obtain_v of_o the_o republic_n not_o even_o for_o change_v of_o air_n or_o to_o drink_v the_o water_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o health_n chap._n
and_o make_v it_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n after_o the_o death_n of_o lechus_n the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v commit_v to_o twelve_o palatine_n cracus_n 700._o an._n d._n 700._o he_o build_v cracow_n and_o transfer_v the_o court_n or_o residence_n of_o the_o prince_n from_o gnesna_n to_o that_o city_n lechus_n ii_o he_o assassinate_v his_o father_n cracus_n in_o a_o wood_n and_o give_v out_o that_o he_o be_v tear_v in_o piece_n by_o a_o bear_n queen_n venda_fw-la 750._o an._n d._n 750._o a_o princess_n equal_o famous_a for_o her_o beauty_n and_o valour_n after_o her_o death_n the_o kingdom_n be_v again_o govern_v by_o twelve_o palatine_n primislaus_n or_o lescus_n i._n 760._o an._n d._n 760._o a_o person_n of_o mean_a birth_n but_o of_o extraordinary_a courage_n and_o wisdom_n he_o be_v make_v prince_n or_o duke_n of_o poland_n with_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o consideration_n of_o the_o important_a service_n he_o have_v do_v to_o his_o country_n and_o particular_o in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o huns._n lesco_n ii_o surname_v the_o black_n 804._o an._n d._n 804._o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v assist_v attila_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n lesco_n iii_o 810._o an._n d._n 810._o the_o son_n and_o successor_n of_o lesco_n ii_o he_o be_v also_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o roman_n popiel_n i._n 815._o an._n d._n 815._o a_o debauch_a and_o effeminate_a prince_n popiel_n ii_o 830._o an._n d._n 830._o succeed_v his_o father_n and_o imitate_v his_o example_n he_o be_v eat_v up_o by_o mouse_n piastus_n 842._o an._n d._n 842._o he_o be_v advance_v from_o the_o blow_n to_o the_o throne_n in_o consideration_n of_o his_o justice_n and_o integrity_n semovitus_fw-la or_o ziemonitus_fw-la 861._o an._n d._n 861._o he_o defeat_v the_o vandal_n and_o conquer_a several_a country_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o balthic_n sea_n lesco_n iu._n 892._o an._n d._n 892._o he_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o all_o his_o neighbour_n semislaus_n or_o ziemomistus_fw-la 913._o an._n d._n 913._o he_o maintain_v the_o peace_n which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v establish_v mesco_fw-it or_o miecislaus_fw-la 964._o an._n d._n 964._o he_o be_v bear_v blind_a but_o receive_v his_o sight_n during_o his_o father_n life_n who_o upon_o this_o occasion_n consult_v those_o who_o pretend_v to_o foretell_v thing_n to_o come_v be_v inform_v that_o his_o son_n shall_v be_v remarkable_a for_o piety_n he_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n or_o prince_n of_o poland_n who_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n boleslaus_n i._o surname_v chrobri_n 999._o an._n d._n 999._o he_o lay_v aside_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n with_o which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v content_v themselves_o and_o be_v solemn_o style_v king_n of_o poland_n and_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o otho_n iii_o an._n 1001._o he_o subdue_v the_o bohemian_o moravian_o silesian_n prussian_n and_o pomeranian_o mesco_fw-it or_o miecislaus_fw-la ii_o 1025._o an._n d._n 1025._o a_o lazy_a and_o effeminate_a prince_n under_o his_o reign_n the_o bohemian_o and_o moravian_o revolt_a from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n casimir_n i._n 1041._o an._n d._n 1041._o he_o be_v dethrone_v and_o force_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o cloister_n but_o afterward_o raise_v a_o army_n and_o defeat_v the_o tyrant_n who_o have_v usurp_v the_o crown_n boleslaus_n ii_o surname_v the_o bold_a 1059._o an._n d._n 1059._o he_o defeat_v the_o huns_n and_o other_o scythian_a nation_n and_o subdue_v moravia_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o victory_n his_o memory_n be_v infamous_a in_o history_n he_o fall_v in_o love_n with_o a_o mare_n and_o barbarous_o murder_v the_o bishop_n stanislaus_n who_o reprove_v he_o for_o his_o brutish_a and_o unnatural_a lust_n and_o for_o these_o detestable_a crime_n both_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o regal_a dignity_n he_o be_v expel_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o tear_v in_o piece_n by_o dog_n vladislaus_n i._o surname_v hermannus_n 1082._o an._n d._n 1082._o a_o warlike_a and_o just_a prince_n boleslaus_n iii_o surname_v crivoustus_n 1103._o an._n d._n 1103._o he_o assist_v the_o hungarian_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v very_o powerful_a at_o sea_n vladislaus_n ii_o 1146._o an._n d._n 1146._o he_o endeavour_v to_o oppress_v his_o brother_n but_o be_v at_o last_o defeat_v and_o expel_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n boleslaus_n iv_o surname_v crispus_n 1146._o an._n d._n 1146._o he_o make_v war_n with_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n barbarossa_n miecislaus_fw-la iii_o surname_v the_o age_a 1174._o an._n d._n 1174._o he_o be_v depose_v for_o oppress_v the_o people_n with_o exorbitant_a imposition_n casimit_n ii_o 1178._o an._n d._n 1178._o succeed_v his_o brother_n abrogate_v the_o unjust_a law_n that_o be_v establish_v by_o his_o predecessor_n and_o free_v the_o people_n from_o tyrannical_a imposition_n lesco_n v._o surname_v the_o white_a 1195._o an._n d._n 1195._o he_o be_v attack_v by_o this_o uncle_n miecislaus_fw-la the_o age_a and_o defend_v himself_o with_o various_a success_n till_o he_o be_v at_o last_o surprise_v as_o he_o be_v bathe_v himself_o and_o thrust_v through_o with_o a_o spear_n during_o the_o turbulent_a reign_n of_o this_o prince_n the_o country_n be_v miserable_o harass_v and_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v for_o some_o time_n assume_v by_o miecislaus_fw-la and_o afterward_o by_o vladislaus_n lasconogus_n boleslaus_n v._o surname_v the_o chaste_a 1226._o an._n d._n 1226._o in_o his_o time_n the_o tartar_n make_v a_o terrible_a havoc_n in_o poland_n lesco_n vi_o surname_v the_o black_n 1279._o an._n d._n 1279._o he_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n against_o conrade_n who_o have_v besiege_v cracow_n premislaus_n ii_o 1295._o an._n d._n 1295._o he_o reassume_v the_o regal_a title_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o be_v crown_v by_o james_n archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n he_o undertake_v a_o expedition_n against_o the_o bohemian_o but_o be_v surprise_v and_o kill_v in_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wenceslaus_n 1296._o an._n d._n 1296._o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o poland_n he_o defeat_v the_o hungarian_n and_o fight_v against_o the_o emperor_n albert._n vladislaus_n iii_o surname_v locticus_n 1305._o an._n d._n 1305._o he_o be_v assist_v in_o his_o war_n by_o the_o lithuanian_n casimit_n iii_o surname_v the_o great_a 1333._o an._n d._n 1333._o a_o just_a and_o peaceful_a prince_n he_o free_v the_o kingdom_n from_o robber_n who_o during_o the_o late_a disorder_n have_v make_v the_o way_n unpassable_a and_o establish_v new_a law_n to_o suppress_v the_o insolence_n of_o the_o soldier_n he_o entertain_v four_o king_n at_o a_o splendid_a feast_n viz._n the_o king_n of_o hungary_n cyprus_n denmark_n and_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o give_v his_o niece_n in_o marriage_n to_o the_o last_o lewis_n 1370._o an._n d._n 1370._o king_n of_o hungary_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o poland_n he_o rout_v the_o lithuanian_n in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n vladislaus_n iu._n or_o ii_o call_v jagello_n 1386._o an._n d._n 1386._o this_o prince_n who_o be_v duke_n of_o lithuania_n and_o a_o pagan_a marry_v hedwige_v the_o daughter_n of_o king_n lewis_n and_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n he_o unite_v the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o extirpated_a paganism_n out_o of_o that_o country_n he_o obtain_v a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n in_o prussia_n vladislaus_n v._o or_o iii_o 1434._o an._n d._n 1434._o he_o be_v choose_v king_n of_o hungary_n and_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o turk_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o varna_n casimit_n iv_o surname_v the_o great_a 1447._o an._n d._n 1447._o he_o take_v several_a town_n from_o the_o teutonick_n knight_n john_n albert._n 1492._o an._n d._n 1492._o he_o die_v as_o he_o be_v make_v preparation_n for_o a_o war_n against_o the_o turk_n alexander_n 1501._o an._n d._n 1501._o this_o prince_n be_v successful_a in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o moscovite_n and_o tartar_n sigismond_n i._n 1507._o an._n d._n 1507._o he_o defeat_v the_o muscovite_n tartar_n and_o hungarian_n and_o subdue_v prussia_n sigismond_n ii_o surname_v augustus_n 1548._o an._n d._n 1548._o this_o be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o race_n of_o vladislaus_n jagellon_n henry_n of_o valois_n 1574._o an._n d._n 1574._o he_o be_v choose_v king_n of_o poland_n by_o the_o intrigue_n of_o the_o french_a and_o four_o month_n after_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n retire_v private_o from_o poland_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n charles_n ix_o who_o he_o succeed_v in_o france_n stephen_n bathori_n prince_n of_o transilvania_n 1576._o an._n d._n 1576._o a_o wise_a brave_a and_o victorious_a prince_n his_o virtue_n be_v celebrate_v at_o his_o death_n in_o the_o follow_a elegy_n in_o
year_n 1386._o by_o the_o duke_n de_fw-fr jagillon_n who_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n that_o he_o may_v marry_v hedwige_n daughter_n to_o lewis_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o hungary_n and_o who_o with_o his_o religion_n change_v also_o his_o name_n and_o be_v call_v viadislaus_n for_o the_o polander_n be_v christian_n long_o before_o have_v receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n ann_n 964_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o miecislans_n i._n who_o after_o he_o have_v divorce_v seven_o pagan_a wife_n be_v convert_v and_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o boleslaus_n king_n of_o bohemiae_n who_o be_v a_o christian_n these_o two_o estate_n be_v contiguous_a to_o one-another_o and_o be_v now_o but_o one_o body_n be_v unite_v in_o the_o same_o interest_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o same_o king_n and_o in_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o same_o religion_n especial_o since_o the_o diet_n hold_v at_o grodeck_n on_o the_o river_n bug_n between_o the_o polander_n and_o the_o lithuanian_n in_o the_o year_n 1413._o where_o the_o union_n be_v renew_v and_o where_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o for_o the_o future_a they_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o law_n and_o privilege_n and_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o joint_a consent_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o two_o estate_n which_o be_v ratify_v and_o sign_v by_o all_o the_o senator_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o distinct_a officer_n each_o of_o they_o have_v a_o grand_a marshal_n and_o a_o petty_a or_o sub-marshal_n who_o they_o call_v the_o marshal_n of_o the_o court_n a_o chancellor_n vicechancellor_n and_o treasurer_n who_o be_v all_o senator_n those_o of_o the_o crown_n for_o poland_n and_o those_o of_o the_o duchy_n for_o lithuania_n and_o be_v equal_a in_o dignity_n and_o power_n only_o those_o of_o the_o crown_n take_v place_n of_o those_o of_o the_o duchy_n the_o office_n of_o the_o grand_a marshal_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o prevent_v tumult_n or_o disturbance_n both_o in_o the_o diet_n and_o in_o the_o king_n household_n to_o punish_v offender_n even_o with_o death_n and_o without_o appeal_n from_o his_o judgement_n except_o in_o case_n of_o great_a importance_n which_o may_v be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n he_o have_v also_o power_n to_o command_v silence_n to_o give_v leave_n to_o speak_v to_o introduce_v ambassador_n to_o appoint_v they_o their_o lodging_n and_o to_o fix_v the_o price_n of_o all_o commodity_n and_o merchandize_n this_o last_o branch_n of_o his_o authority_n be_v extreme_o advantageous_a to_o he_o for_o the_o merchant_n give_v he_o very_o considerable_a present_n that_o they_o may_v have_v leave_n to_o sell_v their_o good_n at_o exorbitant_a rate_n the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o vicechancellor_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v choose_v by_o turn_n out_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n but_o those_o of_o the_o duchy_n be_v always_o layman_n the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o vicechancellor_n make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o seal_n and_o either_o of_o they_o may_v be_v use_v indifferent_o for_o they_o have_v both_o a_o equal_a authority_n only_o the_o latter_a give_v place_n to_o the_o former_a and_o never_o give_v judgement_n but_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o chancellor_n by_o his_o office_n be_v the_o judge_n of_o all_o civil_a affair_n and_o matter_n relate_v to_o the_o king_n revenue_n it_o be_v also_o his_o duty_n to_o take_v care_n that_o nothing_o be_v do_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n or_o injurious_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o the_o intrigue_n of_o foreigner_n may_v not_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o republic_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o chancellor_n and_o vicechancellor_n be_v so_o great_a that_o in_o several_a case_n they_o may_v affix_v their_o seal_n without_o the_o king_n order_n and_o refuse_v to_o seal_v such_o thing_n for_o he_o as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o state_n it_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o chancellor_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n of_o the_o vicechancellor_n to_o answer_v all_o the_o harangue_n that_o be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n by_o ambassador_n and_o he_o of_o the_o two_o who_o be_v a_o clergyman_n have_v power_n over_o the_o secretary_n priest_n and_o preacher_n of_o the_o court_n and_o over_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o church_n the_o treasurer_n be_v proper_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o public_a treasure_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o he_o by_o four_o other_o officer_n who_o keep_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o it_o and_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v one_o copy_n to_o the_o king_n and_o another_o to_o the_o treasurer_n his_o office_n empower_n he_o to_o prevent_v the_o waste_n or_o embezel_v of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o of_o those_o which_o be_v appoint_v for_o maintain_v the_o king_n table_n and_o therefore_o he_o ought_v to_o sign_v all_o the_o contract_v the_o king_n make_v which_o otherwise_o will_v be_v void_a he_o ought_v also_o to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o republic_n do_v not_o sustain_v any_o damage_n by_o the_o contract_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o coin_n of_o new_a money_n when_o the_o treasurer_n be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n the_o general_n diet_n order_v a_o committee_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o person_n to_o examine_v his_o account_n and_o to_o give_v he_o a_o acquittance_n without_o which_o the_o republic_n may_v still_o call_v he_o to_o a_o account_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o his_o employment_n and_o therefore_o since_o this_o acquittance_n be_v of_o such_o vast_a importance_n to_o the_o grand_a treasurer_n great_a interest_n be_v always_o make_v about_o the_o nomination_n of_o the_o commissioner_n that_o be_v appoint_v to_o examine_v his_o account_n because_o he_o be_v oblige_v not_o only_o to_o entertain_v the_o commissioner_n but_o also_o to_o give_v they_o considerable_a present_n to_o obtain_v his_o discharge_n the_o petty_a or_o sub-marshal_n or_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o court_n who_o be_v the_o last_o of_o the_o five_o officer_n that_o be_v member_n of_o the_o senate_n execute_v the_o office_n of_o the_o grand_a marshal_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o in_o case_n of_o the_o death_n or_o demise_n of_o that_o officer_n he_o succeed_v in_o course_n as_o the_o vice_n chancellor_n be_v in_o such_o case_n promote_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o chancellor_n so_o that_o before_o a_o man_n can_v be_v grand_a marshal_n or_o chancellor_n he_o must_v first_o be_v petty_a marshal_n or_o vice_n chancellor_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o division_n of_o poland_n into_o province_n the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n former_o contain_v fifteen_o great_a province_n which_o the_o king_n retain_v still_o in_o his_o title_n as_o king_n of_o poland_n duke_n of_o lithuania_n russia_n prussia_n massovia_n samogitia_n livonia_n volhinia_n kiovia_n podolia_n podlassia_n smolensko_n siâ—eria_n and_o czerniechovia_n but_o at_o present_a there_o be_v no_o more_o than_o nine_o province_n subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n viz._n great_a and_o little_a poland_n the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n russia_n prussia_n massovia_n samogitia_n upper_a volhinia_n and_o podlassia_n or_o podlachia_n great_a poland_n be_v so_o call_v because_o lechus_n first_o king_n of_o the_o polander_n settle_v his_o residence_n at_o gnesna_n in_o this_o province_n it_o be_v also_o call_v lower_n poland_n and_o posnania_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n this_o province_n contain_v eight_o palatinate_n viz._n posnâ—â—â—_n kalisch_n lencici_n breast_n inowlocz_n siradiae_n kawa_n and_o ploosko_fw-mi it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o prussia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o little_a poland_n on_o the_o east_n with_o massovia_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o silesia_n and_o the_o new_a marquisate_n of_o brandâ—nburg_n the_o river_n warta_n run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o province_n little_a poland_n which_o be_v also_o call_v upper_a poland_n contain_v three_o 〈◊〉_d cracow_n saâ—domir_n and_o lublin_n it_o border_n with_o massovia_n and_o great_a poland_n on_o the_o north_n mount_v crapat_v on_o the_o south_n black_a russia_n on_o the_o east_n and_o silesia_n on_o the_o west_n and_o the_o river_n vistula_n run_v through_o it_o the_o city_n of_o cracow_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o province_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o starosta_n of_o cracow_n be_v not_o only_a governor_n of_o the_o castle_n but_o also_o the_o defender_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o of_o the_o public_a tranquillity_n which_o entitle_v he_o to_o a_o large_a jurisdiction_n both_o over_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o town_n and_o the_o gentry_n as_o for_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n though_o jagillon_n begin_v to_o unite_v it_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n anno_fw-la 1386_o and_o though_o that_o union_n be_v afterward_o renew_v in_o the_o diet_n hold_v at_o grodeck_n between_o the_o polander_n and_o the_o lithuanian_n in_o 1413_o yet_o it_o still_o retain_v its_o own_o duke_n and_o