London on the 30 th of April easily obtain'd of them a whole Tenth The Clergy grant a Tenth for they all earnestly desir'd the recovery of France The Archbishop had design'd a long time ago to erect some noble Monument for the service of the Church of Religion and Learning and for his own glory in the University of Oxford which out of a pious regard to his Education there he desir'd to adorn as much as was possible For at that time the Estates of almost all private Persons as well as the publick Revenues being exhausted by the long continuance of the French War the Vniversity was so thin and empty that most of the Colleges and Halls which were formerly full of Students were now quite forsaken and uninhabited and of those many Thousand Scholars that us'd to flock thither there was not one remaining which f Epist Acad. Oxon. 125. in Archiv they heavily lamented in their Letters to the Archbishop and the Synod Wherefore that he might by his Bounty repair the decays of Learning occasion'd by the general poverty of the Kingdom he gave Orders for building a large and stately Edifice of a square form in the North part of the Suburbs The Archbishop built a stately Edifice at Oxford of Oxford which he design'd for a College but when the Work was almost finish'd whether it were that he found fault with the Builders or that he did not like the situation of it he chang'd his mind and gave it to the Monks of Gave it to the Monks of St. Bernard S. Bernard that the Novices might be sent thither out of all the Convents of that Order to study the Arts and Divinity afterwards in the general Calamity of Monasteries it was seiz'd by Seiz'd in Henry the Eighth's time Purchased by Thomas White Merchant who Founded there St John the Baptist's College From whence came many Reformers King Henry the Eighth of whom Sir Thomas White Merchant of London a very great Favourer of Learning purchas'd it and founded there the noble College of St. John Baptist which hath since produc'd a great many eminent Men in all Faculties and particularly in Divinity who labour'd very succesfully in carrying on the Reformation in the Church of England This prudent Person shew'd by his excellent Example that those sacred and stately Houses which were taken from the licentious Monks and afterwards unjustly seiz'd on by the Avarice and Luxury of private Persons should have been applied towards the advancement of Learning the relief of the Poor or the publick good of the Church and Kingdom But the Archbishop chose another place for building a College very commodious for the Students in the middle of the Town near S. Mary's Church In which place having pull'd down the Houses that stood there which he bought of the Owners he laid out a The Archbishop chose another place for a College square Court and on the 10 th of February this Year the first Stone of this Auspicious Building was laid and the inspection of the Work was committed to the care of one John Druell a Clergy-man who perform'd that Trust with great integrity and diligence In the mean time Pope Eugenius being threatned by the Edict of the Fathers The Edict of the Council of Basil against the Pope backt by the Emperor at Basil as we said before which was seconded by the Authority of Sigismond the Emperor who came to Basil accompanied with a great many of the German Princes revok'd his Translation of the Council to Bologna and confirm'd Sess 16. Concil Basil The Council's Translation revoked Sess 19 24. Ambassadors to the Council from Greece and Constantinople where The Emperor and Patriarch designed to be present If the Council would secure them and defray their Charges their Session at Basil whither also he sent his Legates the Cardinal de Santa Cruce and the Bishop of Padua to support his Interests there There arriv'd also at Basil Ambassadors from John Paleologus Emperor of Greece and Joseph Patriarch of Constantinople who were receiv'd with great joy and declar'd that the Emperor himself the Patriarch and the Bishops of the Greek Church would come to the Council in order to compose the Differences between the Eastern and Western Churches in matters of Faith if the Council would engage the publick Faith for their security and defray Which was agreed the Charges of their Journey Both which the Fathers immediately promis'd and confirm'd by their Ambassadors sent to Constantinople But the Emperor Sigismond who was a valiant But on Sigismond's death the Pope removes the Council to Ferrara Sess 29. and wise Prince dying this Year Eugenius being freed from his Apprehensions remov'd the Council from Basil to Ferrara and by Letters sent into England he desir'd the King to send his Ambassadors thither and commanded the Archbishop of Canterbury to assemble all the Bishops of his Province in the beginning of the next Year and order them to go to Ferrara Whether he summon'd the Bishops from England Sess 32. which he signified also by Letters written at the same time to all the Princes and Bishops in Christendom This opposed by the Council On the other side the Fathers at Basil forbad any one to appear at Ferrara and indeed almost all Nations detested this double dealing of Pope Eugenius for most of the Italians the Germans and the Spaniards sided with the Fathers at Basil and Charles the Seventh King of France not only forbad the Prelates of that Kingdom to go to g Panor Tract de Concil Basil n. 6. Carol. Molinae de Monarc Franc. n. 149. Ferrara but also having call'd an Assembly of the Estates of France at Bourges in Berry King Charles of France puts forth the pragmatical Sanction against Annates c. he put forth the Pragmatical Sanction against Annates Provisions and other Extortions of the Popes which contain'd in a manner nothing else but the Decrees of the Council of Basil and commanded it to be receiv'd for Law in the Kingdom of France This Sanction curb'd the Power of the Popes in France for a long time till the Reign Which curb'd the Pope's Power there till the time of Lewis the Twelfth The English generally sided with the Pope of h Petr. Rebuff Tract de nominat quaest 2. n. 2. Lewis the Twelfth who at last was prevail'd upon by the Sollicitations of Pope Leo the Tenth to abolish it But almost all the English sided with Eugenius for first of all the King appointed some Persons of eminent Quality King Henry sent Ambassadors to Ferrara to be sent Ambassadors to Ferrara to whom the Bishops assembled in Convocation voted an Allowance suitable to their Quality which notwithstanding But their allowance was disputed was denied by the Proctors for the Clergy in the Lower House who were more inclin'd in favour of the Council of Basil only the Proctors for the Convents granted Four
a Torrent but by dividing the Water into several Chanels For this end he rose from his Seat in the House of Lords and address'd himself to the King who sate on his Throne in this manner May it please your Highness IN this Consultation about the publick Affairs of the Kingdom when so many things have been propos'd tending to restrain the Vices of your Subjects by good Laws to the impartial Administration of Justice and to the establishment of the Peace of the Kingdom it would be accounted the highest ingratitude if I alone who by your bounty have been lately advanced to the highest pitch of Honour should conceal those things which seem so necessary to me for enlarging the Bounds of your Dominion and advancing your Reputation amongst Foreign Nations For although by establishing good and wholsome Laws by the due administration of Justice and by the settlement of peace at home you may live safely and securely yet certainly you will have but little regard to your Honour unless you look abroad and consider how you may extend the limits of your Empire and revenge the Injuries done to you by your Enemies for this Opinion hath been constantly received by all Princes whatsoever that the eminence of Kingly Dignity doth consist not so much in the Nobility of their Birth the enjoyment of Pleasures the abundance of all things the Wealth of their Subjects and the Peace of their Kingdoms as in the extent of their Dominion the multitude of their Subjects and the number of their Towns And though the Realms of England and Ireland which are devolv'd upon you from a long series of your Ancestors may sufficiently furnish you with all these yet they are very small if compar'd with the spacious Kingdom of France which in number of People the Wealth of its Cities in strong Garrisons and fortified Towns exceeds all the Kingdoms in the World containing as the French themselves report above Eighty Provinces exceeding populous One hundred and eight Bishops Sees above One thousand Convents and Thirteen thousand Parishes All which descending to your Highness by right of Inheritance from Edward the Third your Great Grandfather are unjustly detain'd by Charles the Sixth commonly call'd King of France to say nothing of those Injuries which are daily offer'd your Subjects in Normandy Gascogne Aquitain and the Provinces of Anjou and Maine which your Ancestors long ago possess'd by another kind of Title and with the consent of the French themselves And that they may have some colour for this Injustice they obtrude upon you the Salick Law made by Pharamond the first King of the Francs by which Law they say it is provided That no Woman shall succeed in Salick Land affirming by a fallacious Interpretation that by the Salick Land is meant the Kingdom of France and by this Cheat they would debar the Female Line of their right of Succession and defraud them of their Inheritance Now the very Title of the Law does sufficiently evince the novelty of this Interpretation For it is affirmed by most of the Writers of that Nation that Pharamond was only Duke of Franconia in Germany that he never pass'd the Rhine nor ever came near the Confines of France but that Four hundred years after his death when Charles the Great had conquer'd the Saxons and brought them over to Christianity some of his Soldiers passing the Rhine setled their Habitations upon the River Sala who from thence were call'd Salick Francs in that part of Germany which is now call'd Misnia and that being very much offended at the immodest behaviour of the German Women they made a Law by which they excluded that Sex from inheriting any part of the Salick Land So that this Constitution is absurdly ascrib'd to Pharamond which had its original from a People that sprung up four hundred years after him and can no more concern the French than it doth the Belgians who at that time were contain'd within the bounds of France or any other Neighbouring Nation But suppose that it did oblige the French yet even then it relates only to private Inheritances and not to publick Right of Government or the Succession of the Kingdom and therefore whenever the French Kings disputed the Title with one another they never made any account of this Law but when they contended with Foreign Princes they then alledg'd it that by this means they might exclude them from the Government For Pepin who depriv'd the Race of Pharamond of the Kingdom by deposing Childeric claim'd the Cromn as next Heir to Blithild Daughter to Clothaire the First which Title was confirm'd by Pope Zachary and by the consent of the People of France When his Posterity had reign'd for Two hundred years Hugh Capet put by Charles Duke of Lorrain who was the only surviving Heir of the Line of Pepin and Charles the Great pretending himself to be lineally descended from Lingarda the Daughter of Charlemain who was Grandson to Charles the Great by which Title he obtain'd the Crown His Grandson Lewis the Tenth who was canoniz'd for a Saint and whom all we Christians honour as such being not very well satisfied with the right of his Grandfather Capet out of a religious scruple would have declined the Government had he not call'd to mind that his Grandmother Queen Isabel was next Heir to Ermingarda Daughter and Heir of Charles of Lorrain whom Capet had impiously depriv'd both of his Life and Kingdom From him all these later Kings of France and this Charles the Sixth who now reigns are descended and all these obtain'd the Kingdom in right of Female Succession which by the Salick Law they would now debar you of and would fain terrify you with this Bugbear which they themselves securely contemn Nor can that be properly call'd a Law which has no shew of equity or justice in it nay which contradicts all Laws both Divine and Humane but ought rather to be term'd a masque or shadow of a Law For by the Civil Laws of the Romans which are approv'd by the consent of all Nations Women are admitted to inherit equally with Men and the distinction of Agnation and Cognation is taken away upon very good grounds for they that introduc'd it seem'd to have laid the blame upon Nature for producing some Women as well as Men and Women suffer through the fault of their Parents in being born of that Sex and not of the Male. These Laws were afterwards admitted by the Sicilians Neapolitans Navarrois Spaniards Portuguese Scots and to say nothing of our selves by almost all Nations by the Constitutions of all which Women for want of Male-heirs are admitted to the Government and herein they all follow the prescription of that Divine Law which God Almighty gave the Jews by Moses in the Twenty seventh Chapter of Numbers If a man dye and have no Son the Inheritance shall
but came to no conclusion For the French shew'd up and down the Picture of Catharine King Charles's Daughter very curiously drawn whom they propos'd in Marriage to King Henry but the English demanding for her Dowry a Million of Crowns together with Normandy Aquitain and the County of Ponthieu independent of the Sovereignty of France the French at length openly refus'd all Terms of accord conceiving that King Charles was not capable of transacting any thing having lately lost his Senses nor the Dauphin who acted in right of another and not for himself nor the Duke of Burgundy who had no power to alienate the Dominions of the Kingdom of France All this while the People of Roan held out very obstinately though they were reduc'd to the greatest Extremities For after six Months siege in which Six thousand Men perished partly by the Sword and partly by Famine those that remain'd were forc'd to feed upon the most loathsome Animals as Dogs Horses and Mice and they were reduc'd to so great a scarcity of all things that as it is reported an Apple was sold for Three Shillings and a Dog for Ten nor could they any longer hope for Relief for King Charles was not well in his Wits and the Princes were engag'd in a Civil War in which all France was involv'd being divided between Charles the Dauphin and John Duke of Burgundy Wherefore two of the Nobility two of the Clergy and two of the Citizens with a Herald were sent out of the Town who falling down at the King's Feet humbly sued for Peace The King sent them to the Archbishop's Tent to whom he had given power together with the Earls of Warwick and Salisbury the Lord Fitz-hugh Sir Walter Hungerford Sir Gilbert Vmfrevil and Sir John Robsert to treat with the Besieged about the Conditions of Surrender The Articles being agreed on which were That the Inhabitants should be safe both in their Persons and their Fortunes and that they should pay 365000 Crowns they deliver'd up the Town This was in the beginning of the Year 1419. and on the 19 th of January the King entred the Town with his Army in a triumphant manner and having fortified it with some new Works he setled there his Exchequer and the principal Court of Judicature for all matters relating to the Province of Normandy After this he conquer'd the rest of Normandy in a little time For first he took Meudon and then Pontoise by storm The other Towns being terrified by the example of that of Roan surrender'd of their own accord The Archbishop of Canterbury staid some time with the King at Roan being entertain'd in a Convent of Preaching Fryers there and afterwards attended him in his Camp at Meudon and Pontoise serving him both in the quality of a Confessor and a Counsellor and did not leave him till the end of August At which time he return d into England that he might hold a Synod and take care of the Government of his Province This Synod was appointed to be held at London on the 30 th of October that the Clergy might consult about granting a supply of Money to the King who was carrying on the War in France with success which the King had given in charge to the Archbishop at his departure out of France and again very lately by Letters The Synod granted half a Tenth upon all Livings and it was also agreed that those that held Chappels or Chantries or that receiv'd Stipends for saying Mass should pay to the King 6 s. 8 d. each but withal a publick Protestation was made by William Lyndewood in the name of the Proctors for the Clergy that this Concession should be no prejudice to them hereafter nor be made a Precedent for succeeding Ages There was brought before this Synod one Richard Walker a Priest in the Diocess of Worcester who was accus'd of Witchcraft and several Books Waxen Images Stones and other Instruments of Charms and Conjuration were produc'd which were afterwards own'd by him and burnt at Paul's Cross John Welles Bishop of Landaff preaching a Sermon upon the Occasion He himself having done solemn Penance in a publick Procession abjur'd that wicked Art After this some Persons were accus'd before the Synod for embracing the Tenets of John Wicklyff who were forc'd to recant and thus the Synod broke up The Archbishop afterwards order'd Processions to be made to all Churches for the King's success in France who at this time by the Providence of God began to conceive some hopes of reducing the Kingdom of France without bloodshed through the Divisions of the French For Philip Duke of Burgundy in revenge of his Father's death whom Charles the Dauphin had treacherously slain at Montereau under pretence of conserring with him made a private League with King Henry by his Ambassadors and promis'd him the Lady Catharine in marriage with all other assistances for the prosecution of his Conquests He only desir'd him to come in person to Troyes and there conclude a Peace publickly with King Charles The Duke of Burgundy had at that time in his power King Charles Queen Isabel and their Daughter Catharine with Paris the chief City of the Kingdom and the whole management of the Government for Isabel who hated the Dauphin had put him by and advanc'd the Duke of Burgundy to the Regency The King that he might not let slip so fair an opportunity of managing all things to his own advantage and being much taken with the great Beauty of the Lady Catharine came with all speed to Troyes where he receiv'd her in marriage at the hands of Charles and Isabel upon these Terms That King Henry during the life of Charles his Father-in-law should have the Government of France with the Title of Regent after whose death he or his Children begotten of the Lady Catharine should succeed in the Kingdom and that the Dauphin should be look'd upon as disinherited and a publick Enemy To these Conditions the Princes and Nobles of France who were there present in great number gave their assent and with the Duke of Burgundy who first took the Oath swore Allegiance to King Henry for they conceiv'd a greater esteem of his Wisdom and Courage when they saw him present amongst them than they had done before from the bare admiration of his Actions at a distance It was toward the end of May 1420. when the Nuptials were solemnized at Troyes the News of which being brought into England the excess of joy wherewith it was universally receiv'd almost lessen'd the belief of the truth of it The Archbishop of Canterbury having left the Office of Vicar general to John Prior of Canterbury and that of Auditor to William Lyndewood on the 10 th of June took shipping at Winchelsea and sail'd over into France to congratulate the King upon his late Marriage and by his Counsels to confirm his new Government He arriv'd
abroad again some Opinions which he had recanted in the Synod two years before for which he was said to be relaps'd into Heresy His Tenets were these That God alone was to be invok'd by the Prayers of the Faithful that that Worship was due to Christ himself not upon the account of his Human Nature but of his Divine Nature only that it was not lawful to pray to Saints or any other created Being that those that offer'd Gifts to the Image of the Cross or of the Saints were guilty of Idolatry that a Monastick Life was contrary to the Institutions of Christ that the Administration of Civil Affairs and all Secular Government was forbidden to Priests by Christ himself and that many of those Opinions that were condemn'd as impious by the Council of Constance were Orthodox All these Assertions were referr'd by the Archbishop as Judge in this Affair to the four Orders of Mendicant Fryers who were to examine whether they were agreable to the Holy Scriptures and the Sense of the Fathers and the Lawyers were order'd to consider what punishment was to be inflicted on one relapsed into Heresy The Divines deliver'd their Opinion That the Tenets maintain'd by him were impious and contrary to the Holy Scriptures and the Decrees of the Church of Rome As to matter of Law William Lyndewood Official of the Court of Arches Thomas Brown Dean of the same Court and the other Lawyers answer'd That one suspected of Heresie was to be debarr'd from the Communion of the Church for a year and if after this probation he repented of his Errors he was to be receiv'd again into the bosom of the Church but if he relaps'd into Heresy again he was to be reputed guilty of a capital Crime and deliver'd over to the Secular Power whereupon by the Sentence of the Synod he was declar'd a Heretick and solemnly devested of his Orders Soon after the end of this Synod the whole Kingdom was seiz'd with the greatest consternation imaginable upon the News of the King's death who having pursued the Dauphin with too much heat as far as Bourges on the 31 st of August died at Bois de Vinciennes about three Miles from Paris of a violent Fever which he had contracted by his excessive Fatigues He died in a very unlucky time for King Charles his Father-in-Law pin'd away with grief for the death of his Son King Henry who was very dear to him and died within twenty days after The King's Body was brought over into England and buried at Westminster The Inheritance of both Kingdoms descended to Henry the Sixth who was then an Infant the government of which was left by the late King in his Will to his two Brothers that of England to Humphry Duke of Glocester and that of France to John Duke of Bedford till his Son should come of Age the care of whose Education was committed to Henry Beaufort Bishop of Winchester and Thomas Beaufort Duke of Exeter his Great Uncles Certainly no King of England ever excell'd King Henry the Fifth in all vertuous Qualifications nor was there any one whose death was so prejudicial to the Kingdom He was adorn'd with all the Accomplishments both of Body and Mind that could be desir'd in a Prince with Prudence Courage Constancy Modesty Bounty Eloquence Beauty and Strength all which being attended with a singular good Fortune procur'd him a wonderful esteem amongst Foreigners and are celebrated as well by the French Writers as by those of our own Nation The Duke of Glocester that he might settle the Affairs of the Kingdom according to the Injunctions of his Brother King Henry call'd a Parliament at Westminster on the 9 th of November and first of all he commanded the Archbishop of Canterbury to declare to both Houses the cause of their meeting for Thomas Bishop of Durham upon the death of the King had resign'd the Seal and other marks of the Chancellorship to which this Office belongs to the Duke of Glocester at Windsor and had laid down the Place The Archbishop having spoken largely in praise of the Vertues of King Henry the Fifth and made honourable mention of his Actions in France came to speak of the Young King and affirm'd that it was by the special favour of Almighty God that a Son of such promising hopes should succeed so great a Father that his very Title of the Sixth was attended with a lucky Omen for as the number Six was the most compleat of all the rest because in so many days God Almighty had made this vast Fabrick of the World so this King Henry the Sixth of that Name would be the greatest of all his Predecessors that he would compleat what his Father had so prosperously begun in France and that as he was descended both from the Kings of England and France so he would at length enjoy both those Crowns which were devolv'd to him by lawful Inheritance That he in the King's Name did declare to the Peers and all the People that they should enjoy all the Privileges and Immunities granted to them by his Highness's Predecessors and that he was commanded to give them three Reasons for calling this Parliament Which were That Governors might be assign'd the King by a publick Act that they might consult about the Peace of the Realm and the Administration of Justice and that they might provide for the defence of the Kingdom against the Insults of Foreign Enemies Lastly He exhorted them by the Example of Jethro Moses's Father-in-law to make choice of the best and wisest of the Nobility to take upon them the government of the King and Kingdom and besought them that they would use their utmost endeavours for the safety of the King and the benefit of their Country When the Archbishop had done speaking the Protectorship was unanimously confirm'd to the Duke of Glocester and some of the most Eminent of the Bishops and Nobility were appointed to be of the Privy Council till the King should come of Age of which the Archbishop was nam'd first But he having lost his King and Patron who had advanc'd him to the highest Honors and who dearly lov'd him when the Parliament was dissolv d retir'd within the Bounds of his Province in which he perform'd the Duties of his Function with great diligence For the Year after the death of Henry the Fifth by his Metropolitical Authority he visited the Diocesses of Chichester and Salisbury and the next year that of Lincoln in which Visitations he revers d all those things that had been acted amiss by the Ordinaries and examin'd into the Faith and Manners of the People In his journy through the Diocess of Lincoln he came to Higham Ferrers the Town where he was born in which out of a pious and commendable design of adorning the Place of his Nativity he dedicated a Noble College which he had formerly begun there to the Honour of
Fathers and for keeping privately by them several Books of John Wickliff and others concerning matters of Religion written in the Vulgar Tongue All which Opinions Some recanted others were imprison'd some of them recanted before the Synod and the rest were committed to Prison After them one Joan Dertford Joan Dertford by means of her Answer acquitted being question'd about the same Tenets clear'd her self of the Accusation by an uncertain Answer saying That she had learnt only the Creed and Ten Commandments and never durst meddle with the profound Mysteries of Religion upon which she was committed to the Bishop of Winchester's Vicar general to be instructed by him The Ordinaries also The Ordinaries charg'd to persecute the Wicklevists and Lollards of every place were commanded vigorously to prosecute those that dissented from the Church of Rome whom they call'd by the invidious Names of Wiclevists and Lollards and whose number daily increas'd and William Lyndewood Official and Thomas Brown Chancellor of Canterbury with some other Lawyers And Process ordered to be form'd against them both Canonists and Civilians were order'd to draw up a Form of the Process against them Pope Martin troubled that he obtain'd not the Tenths But Pope Martin was very much troubled to see the Power of the Keys decrease daily in England both by the denial of a Tenth for his War with the Bohemians and several other Affronts that he pretended to have lately receiv'd For some years before this having by his Bull of Provision translated Richard Flemming Bishop of Lincoln to the See of York which was then vacant by the That his Bull was opposed at York death of the Archbishop the Dean and Chapter of York oppos'd his entrance into their Church so that the Pope was forc'd by a contrary Bull to transfer him back again to the See of Lincoln The That his Legate was imprisoned Year after John Opizanus the Pope's Legate was imprison'd for presuming by vertue of that Office to gather the Money due to the Pope's Treasury contrary He expostulated with the Duke of Bedford to the King's Command which Matter the Pope by his Letters sharply expostulated with the Duke of Bedford He would certainly have call'd to mind all these things if he had not been diverted by the more important Concerns of the Council of Basil which The Pope is diverted with the prospect of the Council of Basil was now to be call'd For the time prefix'd for the assembling of it was now at hand the seventh Year being almost expir'd since the end of the last Council for which cause the Archbishop of Canterbury call'd another Synod at London in the beginning of the next Year on the 19 th of February in which Delegates Wherefore Delegates are chosen in a Synod at London with 2 d. per l. Charges were chosen to be sent to Basil and Two pence in the Pound was allow'd them out of all the Revenues of the Clergy Their Instructions were To desire in the name of the Church of England Their Instructions did run Against Pluralities And Non residence c. That a stop might be put to that vast number of Dispensations which were daily granted by which some were permitted to hold two Livings beside Dignities others had leave to be absent from their Cures and some who were scarce at Age were admitted to the highest Offices in the Church and that no Vnions of Churches might be made but where there were Convents within the bounds of the Parish The Synod gave the King a Tenth The Synod also granted the King a whole Tenth at the sollicitation of John Kempe Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor of England who in a long Oration told them That the Siege of For the Siege of Orleans Orleans was rais'd by the death of the Earl of Salisbury a Renown'd Commander Many other Towns revolted that Troyes Beauvais Rhemes and many other Towns had revolted to King Charles that a great number And many English slain at Patau of our Men were lately slain in a Battel at Patau and that all France would soon come under the obedience of Charles unless Supplies of Money were rais'd in England that for this cause he with several others of the Privy Council were sent to them from the King The Synod also made an Order which concerned the general good of the Kingdom The Synod decreed just Weights That Tradesmen should be oblig'd to sell their Goods by a full weight and prohibited any one under pain of Excommunication to make use of a certain deceitful Weight with which they cheated their Customers But Pope Martin though it were Popes generally afraid of Councils with great reluctancy that he had call'd the Council at Basil fearing lest his Life and Actions should be inquir'd into for which cause also the a Fr. Guicciard lib. 9. Paul Jov. lib. 2. succeeding Popes were always very averse from calling a General Council yet because this was the Place and Time appointed both by his own Edicts and the determination of the Fathers assembled first at Constance and then at Pavia that he might not seem to equivocate in the opinion of all Christendom appointed Julianus Caesarinus Cardinal of S. Angelo to preside in his Name at the Council Martin appoints a President who at that time was his Legate in the Bohemian War against the Followers of Hus the Cardinal of Winchester being lately recall'd from that Post But before his journy to Basil in the beginning of the next Year Pope Martin died at Rome and Gabriel Condelmarius who The Pope dies before he took his Place was created Cardinal at Lucca by Gregory the Twelfth as is before related was chosen into his room on the 3 d of March and chang'd his Name for that of Eugenius the Fourth by whom also Eugenius the Fourth succeeds him and continues the President who was his Legate Caesarinus being continued in the Office of Legate he went to Basil and open'd the Council there in the beginning of December In which the matter was hotly debated concerning the Power of the Pope and on the 15 th of February it was Determined That a General Council doth derive its Authority immediately from Sess 2. Christ and that the Pope is subject to it The Pope adjudged subject to the Council c. that he hath no power to remove or prorogue it that if the Pope die in the time of their Session the right of erecting a new one is in the Council and that the supreme Sess 4. Government of the Church is committed to a Council and not to the Pope and by vertue of this supreme Authority they constituted By their susupreme Authority the Council makes a Legate of Avignon c. The Pope alarm'd removes the Council to Bologne Is opposed Alfonsus Cardinal of S. Eustace Legate of Avignon and forbad Eugenius to make any
There had been begun some time ago at Oxford by the Munificence chiefly of the Duke of Glocester a lofty and magnificent Structure the upper part of which was design'd for a Library and the lower for the publick Divinity Laid out a great Sum on the Structure begun by the Duke of Glocester Schools To this Work the Archbishop gave a great Sum of Money himself and was very earnest in solliciting all the Bishops and Peers who came to the Parliament at Westminster to contribute something toward it all which is gratefully acknowledg'd by the University in their t Epist Acad. Oxon. 26. Letters to him And Two hundred Marks to the publick Chest of the University He also gave Two hundred Marks to the publick Chest of the University which he order'd to be kept by three Masters of Arts two Regents and one Non-regent who were to be chosen yearly and were bound by an Oath to the faithful discharge of that Trust out With the Method of its disposal of which the University might borrow for the publick use Five Pounds every particular College Five Marks a Master of Arts Forty Shillings a Licentiate or Batchelour Two Marks and an Undergraduate One with this Condition That every one should deposite a sufficient Pawn which if the Money were not repaid within a Month was to be forfeited Besides the Decree mentioned concerning graduated Dignitaries He also did the University a signal piece of service by that Decree which we mention'd before concerning the bestowing Benefices upon those only that had taken Degrees which was made by the Synod at his intercession For they esteem'd it as a singular kindness and often u Epist Acad. Oxon 1. 124 125 143 144. in Archiu return'd him thanks upon this account with the highest expressions of gratitude for before this Constitution was made Men though they had attain'd to the knowledge of all Sciences spent their whole Life in the University These and many other Favours conferr'd by him upon the University are honourably mention'd by them in their Letters and that the memory of them might remain for ever it was ordain'd by a x Stat. cist Chich in Archiv publick Decree that his Name should be register'd His Name decreed to be Registred among the Benefactors of Oxford University among their Benefactors and read every Year in the Publick Schools by the Chaplain of the University and that a solemn Mass should be said for him on the Anniversary of his Death All this was justly due to him who had increas'd the glory of the University by Having founded two Colleges c. the soundation of two Colleges and by so many publick Benefactions beside his private Charities to many poor Students to whom he allow'd yearly Stipends as appears out of his private Accounts He adorned the Cathedral of Canterbury Repaired Christ's Church there building and furnishing a Library c. Beside this he very much adorn'd his Cathedral Church of Canterbury he there laid out a great deal of Money in repairing Christ's Church and building a Library and Steeple he also gave a great many Jewels and Ornaments to that Church and furnish'd the Library with many valuable Books in all kinds of Learning which are all reckon'd up in a publick Instrument made by the Prior and Monks of Canterbury and describ'd among the publick Acts of that Church in which they promise on their part that his Body should be laid in the Tomb that he had caus'd to be built on the North side of the Chancel and that no one beside should ever be buried in that place which they and their Successors would take care to see perform'd He also gave very liberally toward Gave liberally towards the building of Croydon Church and Rochester Bridge the building of Croydon Church and Rochester Bridge I omit the rest of his Benefactions lest the enumeration of every smaller Deed of Charity should seem to detract from the glory of his more Illustrious Actions Thus having left the Monuments of his Piety and Liberality in all Places being worn out with Age he departed this Life on the 12 th of April in the His Death Apr. 12. 1443. and magnificent Burial Year 1443. His Body was laid in the Tomb which he had built himself as we said before in the upper part of which is his Statue very handsomly cut in White Marble and on the side of it this Epitaph is written Hic jacet HENRICUS CHICHELE Legum Doctor quondam Cancellarius Sarum qui anno septimo Henrici IV. Regis ad Gregorium Papam XII in ambasciata transmissus in civitate Senensi per manus ejusdem Papae in Menevensem Episcopum consecratus est Hic etiam Henricus anno secundo Henrici quinti Regis in hac sancta Ecclesia in Archiepiscopum postulatus à Joanne Papa XXIII ad eandem translatus est qui obiit anno Domini millesimo quadringentesimo quadragesimo tertio mensis Aprilis die XII Here lies HENRY CHICHELE Doctor of Laws and sometime Chancellor of Salisbury who in the Seventh Year of King Henry the Fourth was sent Ambassador to Pope Gregory the XIIth and was consecrated Bishop of S. David's by the hands of the Pope in the City of Siena The said Henry in the Second Year of King Henry the Fifth was demanded for Archbishop in this Holy Church and translated to it by Pope John the Twenty third He died in the Year of our Lord 1443. on the 12 th of April Soon after which a Fatal Change in England Soon after his death follow'd a very deplorable Turn in the State of this Kingdom For Queen Margaret a Woman of a Masculine Spirit by the assistance and Counsels of William Pole Duke of Suffolk got the Government of the King and the whole management Which came to be governed by Queen Margaret Whence the Kingdom was divided and the People oppressed The French also under a Female Revolt to King Charles Normandy then Aquitain lost after 300 years possession of the Kingdom into her own hands upon which the Nobility was divided into Factions and drew along with them the rest of the People who were oppress'd with Exactions The French also who were under the English Dominion being encouraged by our Divisions revolted to King Charles and first we lost Normandy and then all Aquitain which we had held ever since the time of King Henry the Second almost Three hundred years The Kingdom was embroil'd in Civil Dissentions within and labour'd under a Foreign War without For the Kentish men under Jack Cade Jack Cade 's Insurrection took Arms and rais'd an Insurrection the French invaded the Coast of Kent on one side and the Scots on the other ravaged the Northern Borders and to compleat all our Miseries the Family The French invade Kent and the Scots the Borders The Civil War from the House of York in which King Henry was imprison'd exil'd
depriv'd of Crown and Life by Edward the Fourth Our Chichele's Wisdom supported the Kingdom From the Calamities of which he was by his happy Fate delivered of York took occasion from hence to raise that lamentable Civil War in which King Henry being twice taken Prisoner in the Field forc'd to fly out of England and by the mockery of Fortune restor'd again to his Kingdom was at last depriv'd both of Life and Crown by Edward the Fourth If we consider all these things Henry Chichele died in a very seasonable time and deserv'd of Posterity a Character both of Wisdom seeing the Kingdom which had been supported by his Counsels fell with him and also of Happiness in that God Almighty did not suffer him to live to see the Calamities that were just coming upon the Kingdom WHAT is here related concerning the Government of the Church or Kingdom in general is taken from the English and French Historians who wrote of the Affairs of those Times The rest of the Story relating to the Church of England and to Henry Chichele in particular is taken out of the Books of the publick Acts of the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury which are carefully kept by the Vicar-general's Secretary and out of some Manuscripts which Sir Robert Cotton furnish'd me with This I thought fit to acquaint the Reader withal as well that he might be satisfied of the authority of those things that are here deliver'd as that I might not be forc'd to crowd the Margin with Authors Names and Quotations FINIS THE TABLE TO THE Life of Archbishop CHICHELE BOrn at Higham-Ferrars in Northamptonshire Page 1 Made Fellow of New-College Oxford by William of Wyckam Ibid. Went to live with Medeford Bishop of Sarum 2 Made Archdeacon of Sarum Ibid. Then Chancellor of the same 3 Parson of Odyham Ibid. And chief Executor to his Benefactor Ibid. Sent Ambassador by Henry the Fourth to Pope Gregory the Twelfth 4 By whom made Bishop of St. David's 5 Accordingly took the Canonical Oath in England 6 Sent Delegate to the General Council at Pisa Ibid. Held to Reconcile the Competitors for the Popedom 7 Boniface the Eighth deposed Ibid. Clement the Fifth elected Pope Ibid. Who with six Successors all French resided at Avignon for seventy Years 8 Most of them hated by the Italians for their Nation or vitious Lives Ibid. The Clementines added to the Canon Law Ibid. Pope Gregory returned to Rome 9 Was succeeded by Urban the Sixth Ibid. For whose Rigor and Pride Clement the Sixth was set up against him 10 Urban for preferring the Base and fomenting of Wars called Turbanus a perverse and most cruel Pope Ib. Clement not far short of Him in wickedness 11 Urban succeeded by Boniface the Ninth and Ib. Clement by Benedict the Third Both worse than the former Ib. Boniface more Politician than Grammarian 12 Impos'd the Tax of Annates on the Clergy Ib. Suffered Bishopricks to be sold by Auction Ib. Sold the same Livings twice to several Chapmen 13 Yet made the Purchaser swear he came fairly by it Ib. Made poor Petitioners pay a Floren apiece Ib. Enquired after Gifts in the time of Divine Service Ib. Had no comfort when dying but in Money Ib. Defended by the Lawyers Ib. But opposed by the Divines 14 Benedict the like spiritual Robber Ib. Boniface compared to an Ox Benedict to a wild Beast 15 The Cardinal's Oath upon Boniface's death to resign if chosen Ib. Boniface succeeded by Innocent the Seventh who broke his Oath 16 A great Canonist debaucht and covetous Ib. On his death the Oath repeated with Imprecations Ib. Gregory the Twelfth succeeded Ib. Who treated with Benedict for the Churche's peace 17 And for a Resignation by them both at Savona Ib. Sends to Charles the Sixth of France about the same Affair 18 Gregory harshly treated his Ambassadors at their return Ib. Drew back and shuffled Ib. Then plainly refused to stand to the Agreement Ib. Hearing Benedict was come to Savona he comes to Siena 19 To whom Chichele was one of the Ambassadors from England and there made Bishop of St. David's Ib. Pope Gregory goes to Lucca Ib. Refuses to go to Savona Ib. Trinkles with Benedict is for his Hypocrisy called Errorius Ib. The Cardinals displeas'd for his promoting Condelmarius 20 His own Party fly to Pisa Ib. They appeal from him to Christ a general Council and the next Pope Ib. This justified by Panormitan Ib. Both Popes accused of Perjury by the best Canonists 21 The Cardinal 's leaving the Pope grateful to the Christian Princes Ib. The Kings of England and France withdrew their Obedience from both the Popes Ib. At the Request of the Cardinal's Letters English Money with-held 22 The French King withdraws Obedience to Benedict defended by Baldus 23 Two Bull-Carriers the Pope's Emissaries were ignominiously treated at Paris Ib. Charles the Fourth of France did neither regard the Church nor his own Kingdom Ib. Whose Son 's Successor Robert of Bavaria King of the Romans siding with Gregory chiefly fomented the Church Divisions 24 The Emperors then were degenerated Ib. When their Power was most requisite to rectify the Pope's mismanagement Ib. Gregory Renounc'd by his Cardinals at Pisa 25 Who with those of Benedict deprived them both of the Papacy 26 For which some worldly Divines charged them with Schism Ib. King of England and France c. favour the Cardinals and their aforesaid Sentence in Council 28 Which the Cardinal of Bourdeaux with great zeal got ratified in England Ib. H. Chichele one of the Delegates to Pisa 29 Before whom and Associates a Learned Sermon preached Ib. Bishop of Sarum another Delegate made an eloquent Oration in the Council of Pisa 30 Where both Popes were pronounced perjured c. and Alexander the Fifth elected 31 Who when a Boy had begg'd from door to door Ib. Afterwards his Parts known sent to Oxford Ib. Then made Archbishop of Milan and created Cardinal by Innocent the Seventh Ib. Alexander was too honest studious and Monastick to be politically qualified for the Chair 32 'T is thought he was poysoned Ib. He was succeeded by John the Twenty Third Ib. A Papal Triumvirate Ib. H. Chichele returns from his Embassy 33 Was diligent in his Function Ib. Allegiance sworn to Henry the Fifth before his Coronation 34 That King sent our Henry Ambassador to the French King and Duke of Burgundy Ib. To the former for a Treaty of Peace 35 To the latter about a Marriage Ib. Whilst the King seem'd more inclinable to the French King's Daughter 36 H. Chichele chosen President of the Council Ib. The Monks desire leave to elect an Archbishop of Canterbury Ib. And Canonically demanded H. Chichele 37 Which Custom was introduced by Papal Ambition 38 H. Chichele expects the Pope's leave 39 To obtain which Proxies are sent to Rome Ib. With the King's Letters in his favour Ib. The Pope divorc'd H. Chichele from St. David's 40 Made him Archbishop by way of provisor Ib. But he was
de Vinea Bishop of Todi and Antony de Butrio first Professor of Canon Law in the University of Bologna who makes mention of this Embassy in his Commentaries Their Instructions were to treat with Benedict about the place where this Resignation should be made They met with him at Marseilles and it was concluded that by November following both the Popes should meet at Savona which is a City belonging to the Republick of Genoa and situated upon that Coast where after they had both resign'd the Papcy a new Pope should be chosen From Marseilles they went to Paris to treat with Charles the Sixth King of France about this Affair where they were receiv'd by all people with incredible joy but when they had finished their Embassy and were return'd to Gregory he treated them so harshly that Antony de Butrio soon after dyed of grief For all this was but a Trick of Gregory's to shift the imputation of these Dissentions from himself for first he began to draw back from the Agreement pretending that Savona was a suspected place as belonging to the Genoeses who acknowledged Benedict and afterwards absolutely refus'd to stand to it alledging the Opinions of his own Divines who being set on by him taught the people publickly in their Sermons that he could not without impiety desert the care of the Christian Flock which was committed to him by Christ the chief Shepherd But before the end of the Summer there being a hot discourse that Benedict was come to Savona that the blame might not lie wholly upon him he departed from Rome though very unwillingly and the next year on the first of September came to Siena where he staid till the end of the next January During his stay There beside the Ambassadors from Benedict from Charles King of France and other Princes those from our King came thither also among whom as we said before was Henry Chichele who was there made Bishop of St. David's by the Pope These all earnestly besought him to establish peace in the Church which he had so solemnly promis'd and sworn to do before the College of Cardinals From Siena he went to Lucca in the beginning of February where though he were often press'd by our Ambassadors who staid with him at Lucca till the end of April to go to Savona he absolutely refus'd it and dealt underhand with Benedict by his Emissaries persuading him not to recede from his Pretentions to the Papacy for which cause when every one plainly perceiv'd that he plaid the Hypocrite and design'd to impose upon all Christendom instead of Gregorius they call'd him Errorius The Cardinals were very much troubled that against their will and contrary to the obligation of his Oath he had promoted to the Purple Gabriel Condelmarius his Nephew who was afterwards Pope and three more and had strictly charg'd the rest of the College to hold no correspondence with the Cardinals of Benedict without his knowledge which as it was said some of them privately carried on and had also depriv'd John Proset Archdeacon of Norfolk of all his Preferments for no other reason but because he spoke to some of the Cardinals of the contrary Faction Whereupon those of his own Party in May 1408. fled to Pisa which is distant from Lucca about ten Miles and there by a publick Protestation they appeal'd from the Curses and Excommunications which Gregory had pronounc'd against them to Jesus Christ the Supream Judge to a General Council and to the Pope that should hereafter be chosen which appeal the Abbot Panormitanus afterwards allow'd to be just and lawful and that the Cardinals were not at all affected with the Excommunication of an unlawful Pope And though some of Gregory's Creatures taught publickly that he was freed from the obligation of the Oath that he had taken to extinguish the Schism in that he might absolve himself from it by his own Authority yet the best Lawyers as Peter Ancharanus Cardinal Francis Zabarella and Antony de Butrio who all flourish'd at that time maintain'd the contrary affirming that in this case both the Popes were guilty of Perjury which Opinion was afterwards follow'd by Philip Decius This departure of the Cardinals from the Pope was very acceptable to most of the Christian Princes and particularly to our King Henry and Charles King of France who being tired with the shifts and delays of the Popes had lately withdrawn their obedience from them both which nevertheless the Historians of both Nations who were Pentioners to the Pope have unfaithfully omitted For the English though they hitherto paid their obedience to Vrban the Sixth and those Popes that were created after him at Rome so religiously that Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury in the Oath that he took to Boniface the Ninth according to the Custom at his entrance into that See did expresly promise that he would account Rupert Cardinal of Geneva commonly called Clement the Sixth as an Usurper yet in a Synod holden at London this Year by the King's Authority it was forbidden to pay any Money due to the Treasury of Rome out of Bishopricks or Parsonages This the Cardinals requested by their Letters which are yet to be seen in the publick Records affirming that those vast Sums of Money which were carried to Rome every Year out of this Kingdom did incite the Popes to seek the Papacy and hindred them from laying it down when they had once obtain'd it neither is this taken notice of by any of our Writers And though the French had all along sided with the Popes at Avignon yet now that King perceiving the obstinacy of Benedict refus'd to obey him any longer as Baldus relates who also proves that his withdrawing his obedience from him was just and reasonable Afterwards by a Decree of the Parliament of Paris the Cardinals and Officers of the Apostolick Chamber were forbid to meddle with the Profits arising out of Annates and two of the Pope s Emissaries who had brought to Paris his Bulls of Excommunication against the King and the Princes were put in a Dungcart with Paper-miters upon their Heads carried through that City in an ignominious manner as Charles Molinaeuâ— an Accurate Lawyer not relying upon the credit of the French Historians hath prov'd out of the publick Acts of that Court. Wheresore Theodoric of Nismes doth deservedly accuse the Remissness of the Emperors For Charles the Fourth in whose time the Schism began not only neglected the Calamities of the Church but also shamefully weakned the Empire by renouncing the Kingdom of Arles in France and by alienating many of the Cities of the Empire he afterwards by dishonourable Means prevail'd upon the Electors to chuse his Son Wenceslaus a Man of a mean Spirit King of the Romans and to appoint him his Successor who when he came to the Empire did
upon the death of Thomas Arundel fell to the Exchequer were by a particular favour granted him by a Patent under the Great Seal after he had paid Six hundred Marks He came to Leicester upon the account of the Parliament which the King had call'd there that he might consult with his Prelates Lords and Commons about making new Laws raising Money and the State of the Kingdom in general In this Parliament the Archbishop by his great Wisdom averted a terrible Storm from the Church which was rais'd against it by the envy of the Nobility and Commonalty at the Wealth of the Prelates which had shewed it self at several times during the Reign of Henry the Fourth but now seem'd to threaten them more nearly in this new Government For ten years before this in a Parliament holden at Coventry in the Year 1404. when King Henry the Fourth demanded Money of them for his Wars with the Scots the Welsh the Bretons the Flemings and the French the House of Commons replied that there was no other way of supplying the necessities of the Publick but by diminishing the excessive Wealth of the Clergy and that such was the Condition of the People of England that they not only advanc'd Money continually for the Service of the War but also expos'd their persons to the common Enemy while the Clergy staid at home and neither serv'd their Country with their Persons nor their Estates To this Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury briskly replied That the Clergy granted Tenths oftner than the Laity did Fifteenths and that more of their Tenants and Domesticks serv'd in the Wars than of those of the Nobility beside their Prayers which they pour'd out to God day and night for the prosperity of the Kingdom And presently turning himself to the King he fell upon his Knees and besought him that he would be mindful of his Oath by which he had solemnly promis'd before God and Man to preserve the Rights and Privileges of the Church entire and unviolated by which and by engaging those of the Nobility whom he thought to favour his Cause he prevail'd so far that the Demands of the Commons were thrown out by a publick Act. Six years after this in another Parliament holden by Henry the Fourth at Westminster the Commons in an Address presented to the King set forth that the Revenues of the Prelates and Monks which they consumed in Debauchery and Excess were sufficient to supply the Necessities of the King and Kingdom that out of them might be maintain'd Fifteen Earls Fifteen hundred Knights Six thousand two hundred Esquires and One hundred Hospitals and therefore they besought the King that he would seise them into his own hands and out of them would defray the necessary Expences of the Kingdom To which Thomas Archbishop of Canterbury again replied That the Commons did not desire the Lands of the Clergy to enrich the Exchequer but to repair their own Fortunes which were wasted by their Prodigality out of the rich Spoils of the Church as it had formerly happened to the Monasteries in France which in the Wars between the English and the French were brought into the Treasury out of which said he the King has not now so much as a Noble left At that time also the King rejected the Petition of the Commons whether it were that he fear'd an eternal Infamy would attend him if he should rob the Church or because he thought that the Promoters of this Design were secret Favourers of the Doctrine of John Wickliff to which he had always a great aversion From that time during the Reign of Henry the Fourth there was nothing attempted against the Church But in this Parliament at Leicester the House of Commons in an Address petition'd the new King that their demands against the Clergy which were represented four years ago might be taken into consideration again and voted in both Houses The Archbishop was extremely troubled at this for he was very sollicitous that the Church should receive no prejudice under his Government his greatest fear arose from the consideration of the King's Youth which is generally bent upon hasty Designs and Innovations Having therefore communicated this Affair to the Bishops it was determin'd by them that the Clergy should offer the King a great Sum of Money and excite him to make war with the French and to assert his Title to that Crown which falling to Edward the Second by Marriage was by him transmitted to his Successors Most of the Writers of that Age relate that the Archbishop upon this occasion presently call'd a Synod at London yet none of their Decrees are now to be found among the publick Records Now our Kings claim'd the Crown of France by this Title Charles the Fair King of France who was the only surviving Male-Heir of the Line of Philip the Fair his Father dying without Issue Edward the Third King of England Son to Edward the Second by Isabella Daughter of Philip the Fair by his Ambassadors demanded the Crown of France of the Estates of that Kingdom as next of kin to Philip the Fair his Mother's Father and Charles his Unkle On the other side Philip de Valois Son to Charles de Valois who was Brother to Philip the Fair maintained that he was next Heir by right of Succession as Cousin German to the late King Charles the Fair whereas Edward claim'd only in right of his Mother as being Grandson to Philip the Fair by his Daughter and Nephew to Charles the Fair by his Sister which Claim was contrary to the Laws and Constitutions of France by which the Crown is to descend upon the Male-line only alledging the words of the Salick Law that no Woman should inherit in Salick Land which Salick Land he affirm'd to be the Kingdom of France The French therefore rejected King Edward's Claim and acknowledg'd Philip for their King whereupon Edward presently assum'd the Title of King of France which our Kings have us'd ever since and having invaded France successfully he left the Quarrel entail'd upon his Successors together with the Crown of England After him Richard the Second a weak Prince desisted wholly from the War with the French and Henry the Fourth though he were a Valiant Prince yet being taken up partly with the Rebellions of the Welch and partly with the Intestine Divisions of his own Nobility he could not employ the whole Force of the Kingdom against them But in Henry the Fifth all opportunities concurr'd for carrying on the War a vigorous Age a great Courage Riches and Peace at home Beside which the Archbishop was of opinion that the fierce and restless Disposition of the Young King ought to be employ'd in some difficult Enterprize and that the only way to keep him from making any Disturbances at home was to shew him an Enemy abroad as there is no other way to stop the fury of
Benedict defended by Baldus Two Bull-Carriers the Pope's Emissaries were ignominiously treated at Paris p Carol. Molin de Monarch Franc. n. 140 141 142. q Niem lic 3. de Schism cap. 7. nemore unionis Tract 6. cap. 31. Charles the Fourth of France did neither regard the Church nor his own Kingdom Whose Son 's Successor Robert of Bavaria King the Romans siding with Gregory chiefly fomented the Church-Divisions The Emperors then were degenerated When their Power was most requisite to rectify the Pope's mismanagement r C. Hadrianus c. in Synodo Dist 63. c. Victor Honorium Dist 97. s C. Si quis 2. qu. 7. c. nos si in compenter ead t C. Hâ—beo librum Dist 16. c. Valentinianus Dist 63. c. mandastis 2. qu 4. Gregory Renounc'd by his Cardinals at Pisa Who with those of Benedict deprived them both of the Papacy For which some worldly Divines charged them with Schism u Vide Niem in nem Union Tract 4. cap. 9. x C. Multis Dist 17. y Bald. ad d. c. olim de rescrip in c. quia propter de elect * Herbis z Zabar in c. licet n 13 de elect in cons 150. in Tract de Schismate hujus temporis Ancharan Cons 181. a Pâ—nor ad c. licet de vitanda n. 8. de elect Dec. in Consil pro Concilio Pisano Felin ad c. super literis n. 21. de rescript Cardin. Jacob. de Concil lib. 3. Art 1. n. 11. Jo. Royas de Haeret. n. 518. b Niem in nem unionis Tract 6. cap. 15 16. c Card. Bellar. lib. 1. de Concil cap. 8. King of England and France c. favour the Cardinals and their aforesaid Sentence in Council Which the Cardinal of Bourdeaux with great zeal got ratified in England Walsingh 1409. H. Chichele one of the Delegates to Pisa Before whom and Associates a Learned Sermon preached Hos 1. 11. d In vol. 1. Operum Jo. Gerson Bishop of Sarum another Delegate made an eloquent Oration in the Council of Pisa * Advocatus Fisci e Niem lib. 3. de Schism cap 44. Where both Popes were pronounced perjured c. and Alexander the Fifth elected f Abb. ad c. licet de vitanda n. 8. de elect Who when a Boy had begg'd from door to door Afterwards his Parts known sent to Oxford Then made Archbishop of Milan and created Cardinal by Innocent the Seventh Alexander was too honest studious and Monastick to be politically qualified for the Chair 'T is thought he was poysoned He was succeeded by John the Twenty Third A papal Triumvirate g Ann 11. H. 4. fol. 78. 8. 1410. 1411. H. Chichele returns from his Embassy Was diligent in his Function 1413. Allegiance sworn to Henry the Fifth before his Coronation That King sent our Henry Ambassador to the French King and Duke of Burgundy h Enguerrant de Monstrellet cap 106. To the former for a Treaty of Peace i Enguerrant de Monstrellet chap. 109. To the latter about a Marriage Whilst the King seem'd more inclinable to the French King's Daughter H. Chichele chosen President of the Council 1414. The Monks desire leave to elect an Archbishop of Canterbury k Polydâ—r lib 19. in Edvard 3. l Abb. ad c. â— de Consuet n. 4. Apostil ibid. And Canonically demanded H. Chichele m C. sicut vir 7. qu. 1. n C. inter corporalia extr de translat Episc o Tot. tit extr de postul Prelat p Tot. tit de translat Episc Rebust in prax benefit par 1. tit de translat Episc Which Custom was introduced by Papal Ambition H. Chichele expects the Pope's leave To obtain which Proxies are sent to Rome With the King's Letters in his favour The Pope divorc'd H. Chichele from St. David's Made him Archbishop by way of provisor * Provisionis titulo But he was first to be sworn to the Infallible Chair q C. Significasti 4. de elect r C. Antiq. 23. de Privileg s C. nisi 3. de usu Pallii The Pall denoting full power over the other Bishops t C. 1. eod lit u C. ex tuarum 5. eod tit Delivered him in the King's Palace of Sutton * A c. Significasti de Electi Where he took the Oath of Obedience The Pope gave the Church but the King could only give the Land Which was done after renouncing of the Clauses derogatory to the King's Power For his Patent he paid Six hundred Marks Secur'd the Church from the Envy of the two Houses Being formerly voted to supply King Henry the Fourth by the Church's Wealth Whilst the Church paid Tenths oftener than the Laity did Fifteenths c. Which Consideration but chiefly the Intercession of his Predecessor with the King had then averted the storm Another Address of the Commons against the Clergy Which was design'd as the then Bishop alledg'd for the enriching of themselves King of France said he has not a Noble now of the Revenues of the Monasteries that were brought to the Exchequer The Petition rejected Henry the Fourth averse to Wickliff's Doctrine abetted by the Petitioners In Henry the Fifth's time the Address renew'd To avoid which the Clergy resolv'd to give the King Money for a War with France For which a Synod is call'd at London The Title of the Kings of England to France Claim'd by Edward the Third Whose Competitor was Philip de Valois King Edward claiming by 's Mother rejected under pretence of the Salick Law assumed the Title Successfully invaded France and entail'd the Quarrel Richard the Second waved the Quarrel Henry the Fourth was 〈…〉 But the happy Juncture was in Henry the Fifth's time As Chichele thought for a more glorious Diversion His Speech to the King for that purpose Accommodates himself to the King 's Heroic Temper Thinks France no less than the Envy of the World Represents the King's Right And insinuatâ—… the Injuries done his French Provinces The Salick Law an Obtrusion And a Cheat to debar the Female Line y Gregor Turon lib. 2. Paul Aemyl in princ Girard du Haillan livre 1. Not made by Pharamond as pretended But Four hundred years after him and in Germany If it obliges the French it relates to private Inheritances only for z Franc. Hottom in Franco-gall cap. 10. In dispute one French King never us'd it against another for Pepin claimed by a Female and so did Hugh Capet And by the like Lewis the Tenth confirm'd his Right This Law made a Bugbear to Foreigners contemned by themselves z L. maximum intem c. d. liber praeterit 1. lege 12. Tab. c. de legit haered sect Si quis igitur Anth. de haered ab intest sect Item vetustas Instit eod tit 'T is contrary to the Civil Law and The Constitutions of most Nations And to the Divine Law Numb 27. 8. Jesus Christ the Lawful Heir by his Mother of the Jewish Kingdom The French rather deny the Bible than submit to a Foreign Prince The Salick Law literally excludes not the