which_o not_o only_o the_o people_n but_o also_o the_o king_n must_v submit_v the_o like_a whereunto_o ina_n the_o great_a saxon_a king_n also_o lamb._n ll._n inae_fw-la lamb._n no_o great_a man_n say_v he_o nor_o any_o other_o in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n may_v abolish_v the_o write_a law_n king_n furthermore_o bind_v themselves_o at_o their_o entrance_n into_o the_o throne_n hereunto_o by_o a_o oath_n as_o it_o be_v note_v of_o canutus_n unto_o who_o after_o aetheldred_n be_v dead_a the_o bishop_n abbat_n duke_n 2._o miror_fw-la cap._n 1._o sect_n 2._o and_o other_o noble_n come_v and_o elect_v he_o to_o be_v their_o king_n and_o swear_v fealty_n unto_o he_o and_o he_o again_o swear_v to_o they_o that_o secundum_fw-la deum_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la seculum_fw-la etc._n etc._n viz._n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o of_o the_o nation_n he_o will_v be_v a_o faithful_a lord_n to_o they_o 1016._o wigortn_n an._n 1016._o it_o be_v probable_a i_o grant_v that_o the_o praecipuum_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la formerly_z mention_v be_v in_o the_o first_o nature_n more_o personal_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o person_n of_o their_o leader_n while_o he_o be_v their_o captain_n because_o it_o much_o concern_v the_o good_a of_o the_o army_n and_o without_o who_o all_o must_v scatter_v and_o bring_v all_o to_o ruin_v and_o this_o the_o word_n of_o the_o historian_n do_v evidence_n but_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n depend_v not_o on_o he_o after_o the_o war_n be_v do_v and_o therefore_o the_o oath_n tie_v they_o not_o any_o further_o nor_o do_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n afterward_o when_o as_o the_o saxon_n enter_v this_o land_n so_o absolute_o rest_v upon_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n especial_o if_o he_o prove_v unfit_a to_o manage_v the_o work_n and_o therefore_o the_o fealty_n that_o the_o people_n swear_v to_o their_o king_n be_v not_o so_o absolute_o determine_v upon_o their_o person_n otherwise_o then_o in_o order_n to_o the_o public_a weal_n as_o may_v appear_v from_o the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n who_o be_v within_o thirty_o year_n after_o the_o reign_n of_o aethelstan_n former_o mention_v the_o word_n in_o english_a run_v thus_o all_o the_o people_n in_o their_o folkmote_n shall_v confederate_a themselves_o as_o swear_v brother_n to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n against_o stranger_n and_o enemy_n together_o with_o their_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o to_o preserve_v his_o land_n and_o honour_n together_o with_o he_o with_o all_o faithfulness_n and_o that_o within_o and_o without_o the_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n they_o will_v be_v faithful_a to_o he_o as_o to_o their_o lord_n and_o king_n so_o as_o it_o be_v evident_a the_o saxon_n fealty_n to_o their_o king_n be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o public_a safety_n and_o the_o public_a safety_n be_v necessary_o dependent_a upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o the_o saxon_n will_v endure_v a_o king_n above_o this_o pitch_n for_o those_o part_n of_o germany_n whence_o they_o come_v that_o have_v the_o regiment_n of_o king_n which_o these_o have_v not_o yet_o use_v they_o their_o king_n in_o no_o other_o manner_n then_o as_o servant_n of_o state_n in_o send_v they_o as_o ambassador_n and_o captain_n tacitus_n tacitus_n as_o if_o they_o claim_v more_o interest_n in_o he_o then_o he_o in_o they_o and_o the_o historian_n say_v express_o that_o among_o those_o people_n in_o germany_n that_o have_v king_n their_o king_n have_v a_o define_v power_n and_o be_v not_o supra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la and_o this_o maxim_n of_o state_n become_v afterward_o privilege_v by_o sanctuary_n for_o by_o the_o growth_n of_o antichrist_n not_o only_o the_o clergy_n but_o even_o their_o tenant_n and_o retainer_n be_v exempt_a from_o reach_n of_o king_n even_o by_o their_o own_o concession_n allow_v of_o a_o law_n that_o cut_v the_o throat_n of_o their_o indefined_a prerogative_n 17._o ll._n sax._n ed._n cap._n 17._o viz._n that_o if_o the_o king_n defend_v not_o his_o people_n and_o especial_o churchman_n from_o injury_n nec_fw-la nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la constabit_fw-la verum_fw-la nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la perdit_fw-la which_o law_n however_o it_o may_v pass_v for_o currant_n divinity_n in_o those_o day_n yet_o its_o strange_a it_o shall_v get_v into_o a_o public_a act_n of_o state_n nor_o be_v this_o a_o dead_a word_n 755._o m._n westm_n an._n 756_o 758._o wigorn._n an._n 755._o for_o the_o people_n have_v former_o a_o trick_n of_o depose_v their_o king_n when_o they_o see_v he_o peep_v above_o the_o ordinary_a reach_n and_o this_o be_v a_o easy_a work_n for_o they_o to_o do_v where_o ever_o neighbour_a prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n watch_v for_o the_o windfall_n of_o crown_n this_o make_v the_o monarchical_a crown_n in_o this_o land_n to_o walk_v circuit_n into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n to_o find_v head_n fit_a to_o wear_v itself_o until_o the_o norman_a time_n three_o the_o saxon_n have_v so_o hammer_v their_o king_n in_o their_o election_n and_o make_v he_o so_o proper_o their_o own_o as_o they_o claim_v a_o interest_n not_o only_o in_o the_o person_n of_o their_o king_n but_o also_o in_o their_o estate_n so_o as_o in_o some_o respect_n they_o be_v scarce_o svi_fw-la juris_fw-la for_o king_n baldred_n have_v give_v the_o manor_n of_o malings_z in_o sussex_n to_o christchurch_n in_o canterbury_n and_o because_o the_o lord_n consent_v not_o thereto_o 340._o council_n brit._n 340._o it_o be_v revoke_v and_o king_n egbert_n afterward_o make_v a_o new_a grant_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n which_o show_v that_o the_o demesne_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o not_o to_o be_v dispose_v of_o to_o any_o other_o use_n though_o pious_a without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o herewith_o concur_v all_o the_o saxon_a infeodation_n attest_v and_o confirm_v by_o bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n under_o their_o several_a hand_n nevertheless_o king_n be_v not_o then_o like_a unto_o plume_a eagle_n expose_v to_o the_o charity_n of_o the_o fowl_n for_o food_n but_o have_v a_o royal_a maintenance_n suitable_a to_o their_o majesty_n their_o power_n be_v double_a one_o as_o a_o captain_n other_o as_o a_o king_n the_o first_o be_v first_o and_o make_v way_n for_o the_o second_o as_o captain_n their_o power_n be_v to_o lead_v the_o army_n punish_v according_a to_o demerit_n and_o according_a to_o law_n and_o reward_n according_a to_o discretion_n as_o captain_n they_o have_v by_o ancient_a custom_n the_o whole_a spoil_n leave_v to_o their_o order_n by_o permission_n of_o the_o army_n tacitus_n tacitus_n exigunt_fw-la principis_fw-la liberalitate_fw-la illum_fw-la bellatorem_fw-la equum_fw-la illam_fw-la cruentam_fw-la &_o victricem_fw-la frameam_fw-la and_o they_o be_v not_o wont_v in_o such_o case_n to_o be_v close_o hand_v per_fw-la bella_fw-la raptus_fw-la munificentiae_fw-la materia_fw-la the_o spoil_n in_o these_o waste_a part_n of_o germany_n bring_v little_a other_o than_o horse_n and_o arm_n but_o after_o they_o come_v into_o britain_n the_o change_n of_o soil_n make_v they_o more_o fat_a horse_n and_o arm_n be_v turn_v into_o town_n house_n land_n and_o cattle_n and_o these_o be_v distribute_v as_o spoil_n among_o the_o saxon_a soldier_n by_o their_o general_n and_o this_o redound_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o state_n and_o port_n of_o the_o great_a man_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v honour_v non_fw-la stipendiis_fw-la sed_fw-la muneribus_fw-la tacitus_n tacitus_n and_o the_o people_n use_v ultro_fw-la &_o viritum_fw-la confer_v principibus_fw-la vel_fw-la armentorum_fw-la vel_fw-la frugum_fw-la aliquid_fw-la but_o now_o upon_o the_o distribution_n of_o conquer_a town_n house_n land_n and_o cattle_n in_o britain_n a_o yearly_a product_n of_o victual_n or_o other_o service_n be_v reserve_v and_o allow_v to_o the_o saxon_a king_n by_o the_o people_n as_o the_o people_n allow_v to_o joshua_n his_o land_n jos_n 19.49_o so_o as_o they_o need_v no_o long_o the_o former_a course_n of_o offering_n but_o have_v enough_o to_o maintain_v their_o royal_a port_n and_o great_a superfluity_n of_o demesne_n beside_o as_o their_o charity_n to_o the_o church_n man_n do_v sufficient_o evidence_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n become_v mediate_o or_o immediate_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n and_o a_o settle_a maintenance_n annex_v to_o the_o same_o beside_o the_o casual_a profit_n upon_o emergency_n or_o perquisites_n of_o felon_n or_o fugitive_n good_n mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n treasure_n trove_v mulct_n for_o offence_n 14_o miror_fw-la 101_o 298_o ll._n edw._n cap._n 14_o and_o other_o privilege_n which_o be_v original_o in_o the_o king_n be_v by_o they_o grant_v and_o make_v royalty_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o subject_n as_o at_o this_o day_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o majesty_n and_o maintenance_n there_o be_v a_o
there_o as_o may_v appear_v in_o the_o several_a relation_n thereof_o make_v by_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n a_o author_n that_o he_o make_v much_o use_n of_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v be_v bold_a to_o make_v the_o best_a use_n of_o he_o that_o i_o can_v likewise_o in_o vindicate_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o point_n in_o hand_n for_o whatever_o this_o council_n be_v it_o be_v the_o less_o material_a see_v the_o same_o author_n recite_v a_o precedent_n of_o king_n aethelbert_n within_o six_o year_n after_o augustine_n entry_n into_o this_o island_n which_o be_v long_o before_o this_o council_n which_o bring_v on_o the_o vann_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o opponent_n instance_n which_o king_n call_v a_o council_n style_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_n 126._o pag._n 126._o and_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o same_o a_o law_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n si_fw-mi rex_fw-la populum_fw-la convocaverit_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o both_o which_o its_o evident_a that_o in_o those_o time_n there_o be_v council_n hold_v by_o the_o people_n as_o well_o as_o the_o magnate_v or_o optimates_fw-la his_o next_o instance_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 694._o which_o be_v of_o a_o council_n hold_v by_o the_o great_a man_n but_o no_o mention_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o this_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v a_o parliament_n albeit_o that_o he_o may_v have_v find_v both_o abbatess_n or_o woman_n and_o presbyter_n to_o be_v member_n of_o that_o assembly_n and_o for_o default_n of_o better_a attest_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o same_o notwithstanding_o the_o canon_n nemo_fw-la militans_fw-la deo_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o i_o must_v also_o mind_v he_o that_o the_o same_o author_n recite_v a_o council_n hold_v by_o king_n ina_n suasu_fw-la omnium_fw-la aldermannorum_fw-la &_o seniorum_fw-la &_o sapientum_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o all_o the_o wise_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o conclude_v within_o the_o lordly_a dignity_n the_o three_o instance_n can_v have_v no_o better_a success_n unless_o he_o will_v have_v the_o pope_n to_o be_v allow_v power_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n or_o allow_v the_o archbishop_n power_n to_o do_v that_o service_n by_o the_o pope_n command_n for_o by_o that_o authority_n this_o what_o ever_o it_o be_v be_v call_v if_o we_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o relation_n of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n who_o also_o recite_v another_o council_n within_o three_o leaf_n forego_v this_o 212._o council_n britt_n pag._n 212._o call_v by_o wither_a at_o barkhamstead_n unto_o which_o the_o clergy_n be_v summon_v qui_fw-la cum_fw-la viris_fw-la utique_fw-la militaribus_fw-la communi_fw-la omnium_fw-la assensu_fw-la have_v leges_fw-la decrevere_fw-la so_o as_o it_o seem_v in_o those_o time_n 194._o ibid._n pa._n 194._o soldier_n or_o knight_n be_v in_o the_o common_a counsel_n as_o well_o as_o other_o great_a men._n in_o the_o next_o place_n he_o bring_v in_o a_o council_n hold_v in_o the_o year_n 747._o 245._o ibid._n pa._n 242._o 245._o which_o if_o the_o archbishop_n be_v then_o therein_o precedent_n as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n be_v no_o parliament_n but_o a_o church-mote_n and_o all_o the_o conclusion_n in_o the_o same_o do_v testify_v no_o less_o they_o be_v every_o one_o concern_v ecclesiastical_a matter_n 219._o pag._n 219._o and_o furthermore_o before_o this_o time_n the_o author_n out_o of_o who_o he_o cit_v this_o council_n mention_v another_o council_n hold_v by_o ina_n the_o saxon_a king_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o bishop_n prince_n lord_n earl_n and_o all_o the_o wise_a old_a man_n and_o people_n of_o the_o kingdom_n all_o of_o they_o conclude_v of_o the_o intermarriage_n between_o the_o briton_n pict_n and_o saxon_n which_o former_o as_o it_o seem_v be_v not_o allow_v and_o the_o same_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n mention_v by_o the_o same_o penman_n note_v that_o his_o endowment_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o glastenbury_n be_v make_v not_o only_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a man_n but_z cum_fw-la praesentia_fw-la populationis_fw-la and_o he_o say_v that_o omnes_fw-la confirmaverunt_fw-la which_o i_o do_v not_o mention_v as_o a_o work_n necessary_a to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o parliament_n yet_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v hold_v expedient_a as_o the_o case_n then_o stand_v forty_o year_n after_o he_o meet_v with_o another_o council_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o parliament_n also_o but_o be_v none_o unless_o he_o will_v allow_v the_o pope_n legate_n power_n to_o summon_v a_o parliament_n it_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o year_n 787._o and_o have_v he_o due_o consider_v the_o return_n make_v by_o the_o pope_n legate_n of_o the_o act_n of_o that_o council_n 300._o pag._n 300._o which_o be_v also_o publish_v by_o the_o same_o author_n he_o may_v have_v find_v that_o the_o legate_n say_v that_o they_o be_v propound_v in_o public_a council_n before_o the_o king_n archbishop_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n of_o the_o kingdom_n senator_n duke_n or_o captain_n and_o people_n of_o the_o land_n and_o they_o all_o consent_v to_o keep_v the_o same_o then_o he_o bring_v in_o a_o council_n hold_v in_o the_o year_n 793._o which_o he_o will_v never_o have_v set_v down_o in_o the_o list_n of_o parliament_n if_o he_o have_v consider_v how_o improper_a it_o be_v to_o construe_v provinciale_a tenuit_fw-la concilium_fw-la for_o a_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v need_v no_o further_o to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n therewith_o the_o two_o next_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v hold_v anno_fw-la 974._o before_o nine_o king_n fifteen_o bishop_n twenty_o duke_n etc._n etc._n which_o for_o aught_o appear_v may_v comprehend_v all_o england_n and_o scotland_n and_o be_v no_o parliament_n of_o one_o nation_n but_o a_o party_n of_o many_o nation_n for_o some_o great_a matter_n no_o doubt_n yet_o nothing_o in_o particular_a mention_v but_o the_o solemn_a lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o saint-albans_n what_o manner_n of_o council_n the_o next_o be_v appear_v not_o and_o therefore_o nothing_o can_v be_v conclude_v therefrom_o but_o that_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o year_n 796._o that_o council_n which_o be_v next_o produce_v be_v in_o the_o year_n 800._o and_o be_v call_v in_o great_a letter_n concilium_fw-la provinciale_a which_o he_o can_v gramatical_o construe_v to_o be_v a_o parliament_n yet_o in_o the_o preface_n it_o be_v say_v that_o there_o be_v viri_fw-la cujuscunque_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la and_o the_o king_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n say_v concern_v it_o 321._o pag._n 321._o visum_fw-la est_fw-la cunctis_fw-la gentis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la so_o as_o it_o seem_v by_o this_o and_o other_o example_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o though_o the_o church-mote_n invent_v the_o particular_a conclusion_n yet_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o witagen-mote_n to_o judge_n and_o conclude_v they_o there_o can_v be_v no_o question_n but_o the_o next_o three_o precedent_n bring_v by_o the_o opponent_n be_v all_o of_o they_o church-mote_n 328._o council_n brit._n pag._n 328._o for_o the_o first_o of_o they_o which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o year_n 816._o be_v call_v a_o synod_n and_o both_o priest_n and_o deacon_n be_v there_o present_a which_o be_v no_o member_n of_o parliament_n consist_v only_o of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o they_o all_o of_o they_o do_v pariter_fw-la tractare_fw-la de_fw-la necessarijs_fw-la &_o utilitatibus_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la the_o second_o of_o they_o be_v call_v a_o synodall_n council_n hold_v anno_fw-la 822._o and_o yet_o there_o be_v then_o present_a omnium_fw-la dignitatum_fw-la optimates_fw-la which_o can_v be_v understand_v only_o of_o those_o of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n because_o they_o ought_v all_o to_o be_v personal_o present_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o optimacy_n among_o they_o the_o last_o of_o these_o three_o be_v call_v synodale_n conciliabulum_fw-la a_o petty_a synod_n in_o great_a letter_n 334._o council_n brit._n pag._n 334._o and_o beside_o there_o be_v with_o the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n many_o wise_a man_n and_o in_o all_o these_o respect_v it_o can_v be_v a_o parliament_n only_o of_o the_o great_a lord_n the_o next_o council_n say_v to_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o year_n 823._o not_o also_o be_v call_v proper_o a_o parliament_n but_o only_o a_o consultation_n between_o two_o king_n and_o their_o council_n to_o prevent_v the_o invasion_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o the_o atte_v of_o the_o king_n chapplain_v and_o his_o scribe_n do_v show_v also_o that_o they_o be_v not_o all_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o council_n cite_v by_o the_o opponent_n in_o the_o next_o place_n be_v hold_v a_o 838._o be_v only_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o council_n for_o law_n or_o
note_n and_o of_o unknown_a name_n in_o charity_n therefore_o the_o english_a church_n in_o those_o day_n must_v be_v of_o mean_a repute_n for_o outward_a pomp_n and_o not_o lift_v up_o to_o that_o height_n of_o archbishop_n when_o as_o rome_n itself_o be_v content_a with_o a_o bishop_n somewhat_o more_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o be_v note_v by_o writer_n concern_v lucius_n his_o endeavour_n to_o settle_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o good_a law_n for_o government_n and_o to_o that_o end_n do_v write_v a_o letter_n to_o eleutherius_fw-la bishop_n of_o rome_n for_o a_o model_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n probable_o be_v induce_v thereunto_o by_o the_o splendour_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o commonweal_n the_o only_a favourite_n of_o fame_n in_o those_o time_n through_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n thing_n afar_o off_o i_o confess_v be_v dim_a and_o its_o meet_a that_o antiquary_n shall_v have_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o great_a after-sight_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v think_v as_o some_o of_o they_o have_v do_v that_o the_o epistle_n of_o eleutherius_fw-la to_o king_n lucius_n be_v spurious_a if_o i_o can_v imagine_v to_o what_o end_n any_o man_n shall_v hazard_v his_o wit_n upon_o such_o a_o fiction_n or_o if_o the_o incongruity_n charge_v against_o it_o be_v incurable_a but_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v first_o write_v in_o latin_a and_o then_o translate_v into_o british_a for_o the_o people_n satisfaction_n and_o in_o that_o language_n the_o original_n be_v lose_v traduce_v to_o posterity_n and_o then_o by_o some_o latin_a writer_n in_o after_o age_n return_v into_o latin_a and_o so_o derive_v to_o these_o time_n all_o which_o very_o probable_o have_v be_v such_o occasion_n of_o exception_n may_v well_o arise_v by_o mistake_n of_o translator_n and_o transcriber_n in_o ignorant_a time_n and_o the_o substance_n nevertheless_o remain_v entire_a and_o true_a consider_v therefore_o that_o the_o matter_n of_o that_o epistle_n savour_v of_o the_o pure_a time_n of_o the_o church_n and_o so_o contrary_a to_o the_o dregs_o of_o romulus_n 2._o cic._n attic._n 2._o i_o mean_v the_o policy_n practice_n and_o language_n of_o the_o roman_a clergy_n in_o these_o latter_a age_n wherein_o this_o forgery_n if_o so_o it_o be_v be_v make_v i_o must_v allow_v it_o to_o pass_v for_o currant_n for_o the_o substance_n not_o justify_v the_o syllabicall_a writing_n thereof_o to_o other_o it_o seem_v needless_a and_o vain_a that_o lucius_n shall_v send_v for_o a_o model_n to_o eleutherius_fw-la when_o as_o the_o roman_a deputy_n and_o legion_n at_o home_n may_v have_v satisfy_v the_o king_n desire_n in_o that_o particular_a or_o their_o own_o experience_n may_v have_v teach_v they_o ground_n sufficient_a after_o two_o hundred_o year_n converse_v with_o the_o roman_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v little_o need_v a_o model_n for_o that_o which_o they_o see_v continual_o before_o their_o view_n or_o may_v have_v understand_v by_o inquiry_n of_o their_o own_o acquaintance_n but_o what_o can_v be_v expect_v of_o rough_a soldier_n concern_v form_n of_o government_n of_o a_o commonweal_n or_o if_o some_o exceed_v the_o ordinary_a strain_n in_o policy_n yet_o they_o be_v too_o wise_a to_o communicate_v such_o pearl_n to_o conquer_a nation_n that_o aught_o to_o look_v no_o high_o than_o the_o will_n of_o the_o conqueror_n and_o subsist_v in_o no_o better_a condition_n than_o may_v be_v control_v by_o the_o supreme_a imperial_a law_n of_o the_o lord_n paramount_n or_o if_o in_o this_o they_o have_v correspond_v to_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o britain_n yet_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ignorant_a of_o the_o main_a they_o can_v never_o have_v satisfy_v the_o expectation_n of_o a_o christian_a king_n who_o desire_v such_o a_o law_n as_o may_v befriend_v religion_n and_o wherein_o no_o man_n be_v more_o like_a to_o give_v direction_n then_o eleutherius_fw-la who_o see_v a_o kind_n of_o enmity_n between_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o christ_n kingdom_n send_v to_o the_o king_n a_o fair_a refusal_n of_o his_o request_n upon_o this_o ground_n that_o leges_fw-la romanas_fw-la &_o caesaris_fw-la semper_fw-la reprobare_fw-la possumus_fw-la he_o see_v that_o they_o be_v not_o well_o ground_v he_o therefore_o refer_v the_o king_n to_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n that_o be_v truth_n itself_o law_n that_o come_v nigh_a to_o it_o be_v most_o constant_a and_o make_v the_o government_n more_o easy_a for_o the_o magistrate_n quiet_a for_o the_o people_n and_o delightful_a to_o all_o because_o man_n mind_n be_v settle_v in_o expectation_n of_o future_a event_n in_o government_n according_a to_o the_o present_a rule_n and_o change_n in_o course_n of_o government_n be_v look_v at_o as_o uncouth_a motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n portend_v judgement_n or_o dissolution_n this_o be_v the_o way_n of_o humane_a wisdom_n but_o god_n have_v a_o eye_n on_o all_o this_o beyond_o all_o reach_n of_o preconceipt_n of_o man_n which_o be_v to_o make_v england_n happy_a in_o the_o enjoy_n of_o a_o better_a law_n and_o government_n than_o rome_n how_o glorious_a soever_o than_o it_o be_v and_o to_o deliver_v that_o island_n from_o the_o common_a danger_n of_o the_o world_n for_o have_v we_o once_o come_v under_o the_o law_n of_o the_o first_o beast_n as_o we_o be_v under_o his_o power_n we_o have_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v bear_v slave_n under_o the_o law_n of_o the_o second_o beast_n as_o other_o nation_n be_v who_o can_v shake_v it_o off_o to_o this_o day_n but_o lucius_n live_v not_o to_o effect_v this_o work_n it_o be_v much_o delay_v by_o the_o evil_a of_o the_o time_n nothing_o be_v more_o changeable_a than_o the_o empire_n grow_v the_o emperor_n many_o of_o they_o so_o vicious_a as_o they_o be_v a_o burden_n to_o mankind_n nor_o can_v they_o endure_v any_o deputy_n or_o lieutenant_n that_o be_v of_o better_a fame_n than_o themselves_o have_v some_o of_o they_o mind_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o east_n other_o of_o the_o north_n none_o of_o they_o be_v ad_fw-la omne_fw-la and_o the_o lieutenant_n in_o britain_n either_o too_o good_a for_o their_o emperor_n and_o so_o be_v soon_o remove_v or_o too_o bad_a for_o the_o people_n of_o the_o land_n and_o never_o suffer_v to_o rest_v free_a from_o tumult_n and_o insurrection_n neither_o lucius_n can_v prevail_v nor_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n but_o pass_v through_o continual_a cross_a flood_n of_o persecution_n under_o maximinus_n dioclesian_n and_o maximinianus_fw-la and_o many_o civil_a broil_n till_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n at_o length_n it_o attain_v the_o haven_n for_o constantine_n have_v overcome_v maxentius_n and_o get_v thereby_o into_o the_o high_a orb_n of_o government_n in_o the_o empire_n reflect_v such_o a_o amiable_a aspect_n upon_o the_o church_n especial_o in_o britain_n as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v to_o pay_v to_o they_o all_o that_o god_n have_v lend_v he_o a_o wise_a prince_n he_o be_v questionless_a yet_o towards_o the_o church_n show_v more_o affection_n endeavour_v to_o reduce_v the_o government_n in_o every_o place_n unto_o the_o roman_a prototype_n and_o therein_o add_v much_o honour_n to_o that_o see_v especial_o to_o pope_n sylvester_n who_o scholar_n he_o have_v be_v this_o may_v seem_v a_o sufficient_a inducement_n to_o persuade_v that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o patron_n of_o english_a prelacy_n see_v we_o find_v it_o in_o no_o approve_a testimony_n before_o that_o time_n nor_o be_v it_o long_o after_o whenas_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o british_a bishop_n be_v find_v at_o the_o synod_n by_o he_o call_v at_o arles_n viz._n the_o bishop_n not_o archbishop's_n of_o london_n and_o york_n 42._o council_n brit._n 42._o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o maldune_n and_o those_o in_o no_o great_a pomp_n if_o the_o relation_n be_v true_a that_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o poverty_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o undergo_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o journey_n and_o attendance_n so_o as_o it_o seem_v they_o have_v but_o new_o set_v up_o and_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v out_o the_o right_a way_n of_o trade_n that_o other_o bishop_n have_v attain_v and_o thus_o god_n order_v first_o the_o settle_n of_o a_o government_n of_o the_o church_n in_o britain_n and_o its_o liberty_n before_o the_o secular_a part_n enjoy_v any_o therein_o work_v with_o this_o nation_n as_o with_o a_o man_n make_v he_o to_o be_v bone_fw-la homo_fw-la before_o he_o can_v be_v bone_fw-la civis_fw-la the_o church_n of_o britain_n thus_o set_v together_o be_v wind_v up_o for_o motion_n they_o soon_o learn_v the_o use_n of_o synod_n from_o that_o synod_n at_o arles_n if_o they_o have_v it_o not_o before_o and_o take_v as_o much_o power_n to_o themselves_o in_o their_o synod_n as_o in_o other_o country_n be_v use_v and_o somewhat_o more_o to_o boot_v for_o they_o have_v the_o hap_n to_o continue_v in_o britain_n in_o
the_o right_a genius_n of_o this_o law_n will_v also_o more_o evident_o appear_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o those_o time_n which_o even_o when_o justice_n itself_o do_v most_o importune_a so_o tender_o regard_v the_o liberty_n of_o man_n estate_n that_o no_o distress_n can_v issue_v without_o public_a warrant_n obtain_v 45._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 42._o &_o 45._o and_o upon_o three_o complaint_n first_o make_v and_o right_o not_o do_v and_o when_o rape_n and_o plunder_v be_v in_o the_o heat_n and_o man_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v no_o more_o right_a than_o they_o have_v power_n to_o maintain_v yet_o even_o then_o this_o law_n be_v refuge_n sufficient_a for_o such_o as_o be_v oppress_v norff._n gloss_n 227._o camb._n brit._n norff._n and_o be_v plead_v in_o bar_n against_o all_o usurpation_n and_o intrusion_n under_o pretext_n of_o the_o conqueror_n right_a whatsoever_o as_o by_o the_o case_n of_o edwine_n of_o sharneburne_n may_v appear_v second_o that_o the_o free_a man_n of_o england_n have_v vote_n in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n by_o which_o meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la be_v bound_v and_o maintain_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v nor_o shall_v i_o endeavour_v further_a therein_o three_o they_o have_v a_o influence_n upon_o the_o judicatory_a power_n for_o first_o the_o matter_n in_o fact_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o free_a man_n as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n and_o of_o henry_n the_o first_o do_v sufficient_o manifest_v second_o they_o have_v a_o influence_n in_o the_o make_n of_o the_o sheriff_n who_o as_o well_o as_o the_o bishop_n be_v by_o election_n of_o the_o people_n 15._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 15._o three_o they_o have_v a_o influence_n upon_o all_o judge_n by_o set_v a_o penal_a law_n upon_o they_o in_o case_n of_o corruption_n which_o if_o not_o so_o penal_a as_o to_o take_v away_o life_n be_v nevertheless_o penal_a enough_o to_o make_v a_o unjust_a judge_n to_o be_v a_o live_a pattern_n and_o example_n of_o misery_n to_o teach_v other_o to_o beware_v two_o thing_n more_o must_v be_v add_v though_o somewhat_o collateral_a to_o this_o purpose_n concern_v the_o right_a of_o the_o free_a man_n in_o the_o common_a mint_n and_o in_o their_o villain_n concern_v the_o mint_n 22._o ll._n aethelst_n c._n 6_o will_v aetheldr_n c._n 22._o that_o the_o saxon_n have_v make_v it_o as_o parcel_n of_o the_o demesne_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o leave_v to_o the_o king_n only_o a_o overseership_n reserve_v the_o control_n and_o chief_a survey_n thereof_o to_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o have_v state_v the_o same_o in_o the_o confessor_n time_n but_o after_o he_o the_o norman_n change_v the_o current_n according_a to_o their_o own_o like_n till_o by_o henry_n the_o first_o it_o be_v reduce_v into_o the_o ancient_a course_n 1._o ll._n hen._n 1._o allow_v no_o money_n but_o such_o as_o be_v currant_n in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o confessor_n who_o law_n also_o with_o some_o alteration_n by_o the_o conqueror_n with_o common_a advice_n he_o also_o establish_v concern_v the_o lord_n right_a to_o their_o villain_n it_o be_v observable_a first_o 66._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 65_o &_o 66._o that_o liberty_n of_o enfranchisement_n be_v allow_v which_o can_v never_o have_v be_v have_v not_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v save_v second_o that_o enfranchisement_n proper_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o people_n or_o the_o body_n and_o the_o lord_n be_v to_o deliver_v his_o villain_n by_o his_o right_a hand_n unto_o the_o sheriff_n in_o full_a county_n court_n and_o pronounce_v he_o free_a from_o his_o service_n and_o shall_v make_v room_n for_o he_o by_o free_a passage_n and_o open_a door_n and_o deliver_v he_o free_a arm_n viz._n a_o lance_n and_o a_o sword_n and_o then_o he_o be_v make_v a_o free_a man_n as_o i_o conceive_v to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n 66._o ll._n gulielm_n c._n 66._o otherways_o there_o may_v be_v manumission_n as_o if_o the_o villain_n remain_v in_o a_o city_n burrough_n wall_a town_n or_o castle_n by_o a_o space_n of_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o no_o claim_n make_v to_o his_o service_n by_o his_o lord_n he_o shall_v be_v thenceforth_o free_a from_o the_o service_n of_o his_o lord_n for_o ever_o and_o yet_o this_o manumission_n can_v not_o conclude_v any_o but_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o heir_n or_o assign_n nor_o can_v it_o enforce_v the_o body_n to_o allow_v that_o for_o a_o member_n which_o be_v none_o before_o three_o that_o notwithstanding_o they_o allow_v the_o lord_n liberty_n of_o enfranchisement_n 65._o ll._n gulielm_n 65._o yet_o will_v they_o not_o allow_v they_o free_a liberty_n of_o dispose_v they_o as_o other_o chattel_n nor_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n may_v they_o sell_v their_o villain_n out_o of_o the_o country_n or_o beyond_o sea_n for_o the_o king_n have_v right_a to_o the_o mediate_a service_n of_o every_o villain_n though_o the_o lord_n have_v the_o immediate_a and_o therefore_o that_o law_n may_v hold_v in_o force_n nevertheless_o the_o ordinance_n that_o anselme_n make_v that_o no_o lord_n shall_v sell_v his_o villain_n they_o will_v never_o allow_v for_o a_o law_n nor_o do_v it_o hold_v in_o force_n chap._n l._n a_o recollection_n of_o certain_a norman_a law_n concern_v the_o crown_n in_o relation_n to_o those_o of_o the_o saxon_n former_o mention_v i_o call_v they_o norman_a law_n because_o they_o be_v allow_v by_o they_o or_o continue_v in_o force_n although_o many_o of_o they_o have_v their_o original_n from_o the_o saxon_n commandment_n first_o and_o second_o commandment_n one_o god_n must_v be_v worship_v and_o one_o faith_n of_o christ_n maintain_v throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n this_o be_v find_v among_o the_o law_n of_o king_n william_n publish_v by_o mr_n selden_n 51._o ll._n gulielm_n c._n 51._o and_o be_v for_o substance_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n save_v that_o we_o find_v it_o not_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n summary_o until_o now_o so_o as_o by_o this_o law_n heresy_n and_o idolatry_n become_v crown_n plea_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v collect_v concern_v blasphemy_n concern_v which_o it_o be_v say_v as_o of_o the_o servant_n kill_v his_o lord_n that_o its_o impardonable_a 75_o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 75_o nor_o can_v any_o man_n offend_v herein_o but_o it_o endanger_v his_o whole_a estate_n the_o trial_n of_o these_o crime_n be_v not_o find_v particular_o set_v forth_o it_o may_v possible_o be_v in_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o as_o possible_o in_o the_o county_n court_n of_o the_o tear_v where_o the_o bishop_n be_v present_a jura_n divina_fw-la edocere_fw-la peterpence_n ciricksceate_n and_o tithe_n must_v be_v due_o pay_v these_o be_v all_o saxon_a law_n unite_v to_o the_o cognisance_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o former_o have_v be_v show_v only_o the_o first_o william_n especial_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n any_o man_n worth_a thirty_o penny_n in_o chattel_n do_v pay_v four_o penny_n for_o his_o part_n 10._o ll._n gul._n c._n 18._o etc._n etc._n 20._o ll._n hen._n 1_o c._n 10._o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a both_o for_o himself_o and_o his_o retinue_n whether_o servant_n or_o retainer_n and_o default_n in_o payment_n of_o these_o duty_n be_v finable_a to_o the_o king_n invasion_n upon_o the_o right_n of_o sanctuary_n fine_v this_o i_o note_v not_o so_o much_o in_o relation_n to_o any_o such_o law_n among_o the_o saxon_n 1._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 1._o as_o to_o the_o future_a custom_n which_o now_o begin_v to_o alter_v according_a to_o the_o increase_n or_o wane_n of_o the_o moon_n i_o do_v not_o find_v this_o misdemeanour_n to_o be_v former_o so_o much_o take_v to_o heart_n by_o the_o crown_n nor_o possible_o will_v it_o have_v be_v at_o this_o time_n but_o that_o the_o king_n must_v protect_v the_o church_n if_o he_o mean_v to_o be_v protect_v by_o it_o and_o it_o be_v take_v kind_o by_o the_o churchman_n till_o they_o find_v they_o be_v able_a enough_o to_o defend_v their_o own_o right_n by_o themselves_o among_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o church_n right_n this_o one_o especial_o be_v confirm_v viz._n that_o any_o delinquent_n shall_v have_v liberty_n of_o sanctuary_n to_o enjoy_v both_o life_n and_o member_n notwithstanding_o any_o law_n to_o the_o contrary_n this_o privilege_n be_v claim_v by_o the_o canon_n but_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o temporal_a power_n or_o else_o it_o can_v not_o be_v have_v and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o king_n former_o do_v by_o their_o charter_n of_o foundation_n grant_v such_o privilege_n in_o particular_a yet_o can_v not_o such_o grant_v create_v such_o immunity_n contrary_a unto_o or_o notwithstanding_o any_o public_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o monastery_n have_v their_o foundation_n confirm_v by_o
which_o if_o neglect_v or_o refuse_v render_v the_o party_n guilty_a of_o treason_n against_o his_o country_n and_o his_o estate_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o forfeiture_n according_a to_o the_o old_a saxon_a law_n revive_v and_o declare_v by_o henry_n the_o first_o 13._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 13._o thus_o the_o law_n make_v preparation_n for_o the_o war_n both_o of_o man_n and_o arm_n 61._o ll._n gulielm_n 61._o castle_n and_o fort_n be_v likewise_o either_o first_o make_v by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o grand_a council_n or_o otherwise_o allow_v by_o they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o kingdom_n so_o be_v the_o law_n of_o william_n the_o first_o the_o levy_n and_o manage_v of_o the_o war_n must_v not_o be_v deny_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la to_o belong_v to_o the_o representative_a body_n so_o far_o as_o may_v consist_v with_o the_o directory_n part_n for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o main_a part_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o therefore_o henry_n the_o first_o among_o his_o law_n make_v in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n make_v provide_v for_o the_o order_n of_o man_n in_o the_o army_n in_o the_o field_n and_o establish_v a_o law_n that_o such_o as_o forsake_v their_o colour_n or_o associate_n in_o the_o field_n during_o the_o battle_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o death_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o be_v whole_a estate_n nor_o yet_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la king_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o by_o secret_a council_n do_v direct_v therein_o either_o in_o the_o vacancy_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o general_a case_n of_o the_o first_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n and_o the_o whole_a reign_n of_o willam_n rufus_n or_o by_o connivance_n of_o the_o grand_a council_n while_o they_o see_v nothing_o do_v but_o what_o be_v well_o do_v 13._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 13._o nor_o can_v it_o be_v rational_o say_v that_o king_n by_o such_o advice_n as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o recess_n of_o the_o grand_a council_n levy_v war_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o public_a according_a to_o rule_n do_v otherwise_o then_o their_o duty_n or_o if_o the_o grand_a council_n look_v on_o see_v nothing_o misgovern_v and_o say_v nothing_o that_o they_o do_v other_o than_o be_v meet_v for_o it_o must_v be_v remember_v that_o king_n in_o their_o first_o original_a be_v rather_o officer_n for_o war_n than_o peace_n and_o so_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o antiquity_n and_o as_o general_n in_o war_n be_v call_v reges_a or_o imperatores_fw-la by_o the_o grecian_n roman_n and_o german_n and_o at_o such_o time_n as_o war_n be_v conclude_v at_o the_o general_a meeting_n of_o the_o people_n they_o choose_v their_o dux_n or_o rex_n call_v he_o which_o you_o please_v and_o he_o be_v choose_v all_o bind_v themselves_o to_o be_v at_o his_o command_n and_o to_o defend_v his_o person_n so_o as_o while_o a_o king_n keep_v within_o his_o place_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n it_o be_v his_o duty_n first_o to_o stir_v himself_o and_o stir_v up_o the_o rest_n to_o lead_v they_o and_o order_v they_o as_o may_v be_v most_o for_o the_o public_a defence_n and_o to_o govern_v the_o army_n by_o such_o law_n as_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v establish_v by_o order_n of_o the_o public_a meeting_n and_o in_o case_n of_o sudden_a exigence_n to_o use_v his_o own_o wit_n and_o in_o all_o this_o be_v the_o common_a liberty_n no_o whit_n infringe_v in_o regard_n that_o all_o be_v for_o the_o public_a defence_n to_o which_o the_o knight_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o tenor_n and_o all_o other_o by_o the_o law_n and_o this_o be_v this_o kingdom_n case_n in_o the_o norman_n time_n that_o both_o leader_n and_o soldier_n whether_o by_o election_n of_o the_o people_n or_o prescription_n yet_o all_o serve_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v they_o compelable_n to_o any_o other_o service_n inconsistent_a therewith_o nor_o to_o stand_v to_o any_o judgement_n in_o such_o case_n differ_v from_o or_o contrary_a to_o that_o of_o the_o parliament_n itself_o chap._n lv._o that_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o norman_n into_o this_o island_n can_v not_o be_v by_o conquest_n that_o in_o point_n of_o fact_n the_o entry_n of_o the_o norman_n into_o england_n be_v not_o by_o conquest_n will_v sufficient_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o note_v i_o shall_v make_v one_o step_n further_o and_o show_v that_o as_o affair_n than_o stand_v with_o the_o conqueror_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o merit_v that_o name_n against_o the_o stream_n of_o providence_n that_o have_v preingage_v he_o to_o three_o sort_n of_o man_n viz._n the_o norman_n the_o clergy_n and_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n it_o must_v be_v take_v for_o a_o ground_n that_o duke_n willam_n must_v give_v all_o fair_a correspondency_n to_o the_o norman_n consider_v they_o be_v member_n of_o his_o own_o body_n and_o the_o arm_n of_o his_o strength_n without_o which_o he_o can_v do_v nothing_o and_o it_o be_v not_o less_o certain_a that_o however_o the_o sea_n divide_v the_o two_o country_n yet_o long_o before_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o army_n 55._o m._n west_n an._n 1072._o ll._n gulielm_n c._n 55._o the_o norman_n and_o saxon_n be_v so_o well_o acquaint_v by_o the_o latter_a access_n of_o the_o dane_n that_o partly_o by_o marriage_n and_o other_o interest_n the_o norman_n make_v so_o great_a a_o party_n in_o england_n as_o that_o party_n merit_v no_o less_o from_o the_o duke_n in_o his_o entrance_n than_o those_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o and_o therefore_o both_o they_o and_o their_o ally_n in_o all_o reason_n must_v expect_v such_o reward_n of_o their_o faithfulness_n to_o he_o as_o the_o other_o have_v nor_o can_v the_o duke_n deny_v the_o same_o unless_o he_o have_v disclaim_v his_o own_o interest_n whereof_o he_o have_v none_o to_o spare_v second_o their_o merit_n from_o the_o duke_n be_v accompany_v with_o no_o less_o mutual_a relation_n to_o his_o army_n be_v of_o the_o same_o blood_n with_o themselves_o and_o of_o ancient_a acquaintance_n and_o as_o impossible_a for_o the_o duke_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o consociation_n with_o the_o mix_a people_n as_o to_o abstract_n the_o mix_a people_n each_o from_o other_o one_o or_o both_o of_o which_o must_v be_v do_v and_o the_o conqueror_n must_v be_v keep_v from_o incorporate_n with_o the_o conquer_a or_o else_o the_o law_n of_o conquest_n can_v hold_v three_o if_o these_o two_o have_v fail_v yet_o have_v the_o duke_n by_o his_o manner_n of_o reward_v his_o army_n disable_v himself_o from_o hold_v however_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v by_o conquest_n this_o be_v his_o gift_n of_o manor_n land_n and_o franchise_n unto_o his_o soldier_n complete_v with_o their_o ancient_a right_n and_o privilege_n in_o free_a service_n otherwise_o it_o have_v be_v little_o better_o than_o a_o trap_n to_o bring_v his_o own_o man_n into_o bondage_n who_o but_o late_o be_v free_a soldier_n under_o no_o better_a than_o a_o duke_n of_o their_o own_o election_n and_o their_o government_n in_o their_o own_o country_n however_o big_a yet_o have_v not_o yet_o bring_v forth_o a_o sovereignty_n into_o the_o world_n their_o duke_n no_o complete_a king_n nor_o themselves_o so_o mean_a as_o vassal_n and_o it_o be_v equal_o difficult_a for_o he_o to_o get_v up_o high_o as_o for_o they_o to_o stoop_v low_o and_o however_o it_o be_v dangerous_a now_o for_o the_o duke_n to_o try_v mastery_n unless_o he_o mean_v to_o hazard_v all_o and_o to_o change_v the_o substance_n for_o the_o shadow_n last_o to_o lay_v they_o all_o aside_o and_o to_o take_v the_o norman_n as_o in_o themselves_o consider_v a_o people_n under_o such_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o saxon_n and_o original_o in_o they_o and_o from_o they_o derive_v into_o normandy_n by_o rollo_n or_o some_o other_o or_o take_v they_o as_o a_o people_n willing_a to_o lay_v aside_o their_o own_o law_n as_o some_o writer_n affirm_v and_o more_o willing_a to_o take_v up_o the_o danish_a custom_n which_o be_v also_o very_o nigh_o a_o kin_n to_o they_o and_o in_o part_n settle_v by_o the_o dane_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n where_o themselves_o most_o reside_v it_o must_v be_v conclude_v that_o a_o government_n by_o law_n be_v intend_v and_o such_o a_o law_n that_o be_v no_o way_n cross_v to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o concur_v therewith_o in_o every_o of_o which_o regard_v the_o future_a generation_n may_v just_o claim_v their_o immunity_n as_o successor_n and_o heir_n unto_o the_o norman_n albeit_o no_o saxon_n can_v have_v enjoy_v or_o derive_v the_o same_o to_o posterity_n a_o second_o sort_n of_o man_n that_o make_v the_o king_n uncapable_a to_o hold_v by_o
unless_o as_o their_o ancestor_n with_o weapon_n in_o their_o hand_n nor_o worthy_a of_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o king_n under_o other_o notion_n then_o as_o a_o general_n in_o the_o field_n and_o themselves_o as_o commander_n that_o be_v never_o a_o la_fw-fr mode_n but_o when_o all_o in_o iron_n and_o steel_n i_o say_v to_o make_v a_o law_n that_o must_v sudden_o bind_v man_n from_o ride_v or_o be_v arm_v when_o no_o man_n think_v himself_o safe_a otherwise_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o expose_v their_o bare_a neck_n to_o the_o next_o turn_n of_o the_o sword_n of_o a_o king_n that_o they_o do_v not_o overmuch_o trust_v and_o the_o less_o in_o regard_n he_o trust_v not_o they_o i_o do_v not_o wonder_v therefore_o if_o the_o parliament_n like_v not_o the_o work_n but_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o king_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o keep_n off_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o promise_v there_o assistance_n therein_o last_o suppose_v all_o that_o be_v or_o can_v be_v suppose_v viz._n that_o the_o parliament_n have_v give_v up_o the_o power_n of_o the_o militia_n unto_o edward_n the_o first_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o all_o intent_n nor_o do_v it_o continue_v for_o beside_o the_o statute_n of_o torniment_n which_o show_v plain_o that_o the_o order_n of_o armour_n be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o which_o in_o all_o probabilty_n be_v make_v after_o that_o law_n last_o beforementioned_a the_o statute_n at_o winton_n make_v after_o this_o law_n nigh_o six_o year_n space_n order_v the_o use_n of_o the_o train_v band_n in_o maintain_v the_o peace_n and_o reserve_v the_o penalty_n to_o themselves_o for_o any_o default_n commit_v against_o the_o say_a act_n and_o therefore_o notwithstanding_o any_o thing_n that_o yet_o appear_v to_o i_o out_o of_o any_o law_n or_o history_n the_o chief_a moderatorship_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n rest_v hitherto_o upon_o the_o parliament_n next_o under_o god_n and_o in_o the_o king_n no_o otherwise_o then_o in_o order_n to_o the_o public_a the_o rule_n whereof_o can_v be_v determine_v by_o no_o other_o judge_n then_o that_o which_o can_v be_v intend_v to_o have_v no_o other_o respect_n then_o the_o public_a good_a and_o which_o be_v the_o abridgement_n of_o the_o large_a volume_n of_o the_o kingdom_n a_o summary_n conclusion_n and_o thus_o have_v i_o bring_v the_o shape_n of_o english_a government_n rude_a as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o first_o offspring_n of_o the_o saxon_n through_o the_o rough_a wave_n of_o the_o danish_a tempest_n the_o rock_n of_o norman_a invasion_n and_o the_o quicksand_n of_o arbitrary_a government_n under_o pope_n and_o king_n to_o the_o haven_n much_o deface_v it_o be_v i_o confess_v by_o the_o rage_n of_o time_n and_o yet_o retain_v the_o original_a likeness_n in_o proportion_n king_n first_o about_o the_o norman_a time_n join_v with_o the_o lord_n for_o their_o joint_a interest_n above_o the_o ordinary_a pitch_n have_v mount_v each_o other_o too_o high_a to_o be_v lord_n over_o free_a man_n then_o by_o flatter_v of_o the_o free_a man_n into_o their_o design_n hover_v above_o they_o all_o but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v their_o pitch_n so_o long_o as_o the_o lord_n hold_v together_o stoop_v for_o a_o party_n among_o they_o and_o soon_o obtain_v their_o desire_n for_o some_o lord_n more_o ambitious_a than_o other_o and_o they_o again_o more_o popular_a than_o they_o seek_v several_a interest_n and_o thus_o king_n aid_v by_o their_o party_n to_o a_o supremacy_n which_o they_o be_v never_o bear_v to_o and_o it_o by_o they_o into_o a_o pre-eminence_n above_o their_o peer_n which_o neither_o law_n nor_o custom_n ever_o give_v they_o be_v of_o moderator_n in_o the_o council_n of_o lord_n become_v moderator_n of_o those_o counsel_n and_o so_o they_o obtain_v all_o that_o the_o lord_n have_v but_o no_o more_o for_o though_o both_o they_o and_o the_o lord_n abuse_v their_o power_n over_o the_o free_a man_n by_o extorsion_n and_o opression_n as_o lord_n over_o tenant_n yet_o can_v they_o never_o prevail_v over_o they_o as_o free_v bear_v subject_n to_o gain_v their_o consent_n to_o give_v their_o right_n or_o the_o law_n up_o to_o the_o king_n beck_n but_o still_o that_o remain_v arbyter_n both_o of_o king_n and_o people_n and_o the_o parliament_n supreme_a expounder_n and_o judge_n both_o of_o it_o and_o they_o other_o argument_n hereof_o there_o will_v be_v little_a need_n 16._o bract._n lib._n 2._o c._n p._n 16._o beside_o what_o have_v former_o appear_v than_o what_o we_o find_v in_o bracton_n who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o to_o this_o effect_n god_n be_v superior_a to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o law_n by_o which_o he_o be_v make_v king_n and_o his_o court_n viz._n the_o earl_n and_o baron_n earl_n according_a to_o their_o name_n comites_fw-la be_v the_o king_n associate_n and_o he_o that_o have_v a_o associate_n have_v a_o master_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o king_n be_v unbridled_a or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o without_o law_n they_o ought_v to_o bridle_v he_o unless_o they_o will_v be_v unbridled_a as_o the_o king_n and_o then_o the_o commons_o may_v cry_v lo_o jesus_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o that_o famous_a lawyer_n of_o the_o state_n of_o a_o english_a king_n in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n i_o shall_v add_v hereto_o a_o concurrent_a testimony_n of_o a_o lawyer_n also_o in_o edward_n the_o first_o time_n although_o say_v he_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o have_v no_o equal_a in_o the_o land_n 9_o miror_fw-la just_n p_o 9_o yet_o because_o the_o king_n nor_o his_o commissioner_n in_o case_n where_o the_o king_n intrench_v upon_o the_o right_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n can_v be_v both_o judge_n and_o party_n the_o king_n by_o right_a aught_o to_o have_v companion_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v in_o parliament_n all_o writ_n and_o plaint_n of_o wrong_n do_v by_o the_o king_n the_o queen_n or_o their_o childrsn_a and_o of_o those_o wrong_n especial_o whereof_o otherwise_o common_a right_n can_v be_v have_v nor_o be_v this_o the_o opinion_n only_o of_o lawyer_n but_o it_o be_v the_o law_n itself_o unto_o which_o the_o royal_a assent_n be_v add_v 2._o edw._n 2._o and_o the_o same_o seal_v with_o a_o oath_n in_o the_o solemn_a stipulation_n make_v by_o king_n at_o their_o coronation_n with_o the_o people_n then_o present_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o sum_n whereof_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v propound_v to_o the_o king_n in_o this_o manner_n 1642._o remonstr_n parliament_n novem_fw-la l._n 2._o an._n 1642._o though_o in_o a_o different_a language_n 1._o will_v you_o grant_v and_o keep_v and_o by_o your_o oath_n confirm_v to_o the_o people_n of_o england_n the_o law_n and_o custom_n to_o they_o grant_v by_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o england_n your_o righteous_a and_o godly_a predecessor_n and_o especial_o to_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n by_o the_o glorious_a king_n st._n edward_n your_o predecessor_n the_o king_n answer_n i_o do_v they_o grant_v and_o promise_n 2._o will_v you_o keep_v to_o god_n and_o the_o church_n and_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o people_n peace_n and_o concord_n sincere_o according_a to_o your_o power_n the_o king_n answer_n i_o will_v do_v it_o 3._o do_v you_o grant_v to_o hold_v and_o keep_v the_o law_n and_o rightful_a custom_n which_o the_o comonalty_n of_o your_o realm_n shall_v have_v choose_v and_o to_o maintain_v and_o enforce_v they_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n after_o your_o power_n the_o king_n answer_n i_o this_o do_v grant_v and_o promise_n in_o few_o word_n the_o king_n promise_v to_o keep_v the_o law_n already_o make_v the_o peace_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o law_n to_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o commonalty_n the_o same_o in_o subsistence_n with_o that_o of_o henry_n the_o first_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o danish_a and_o saxon_a king_n former_o have_v and_o in_o the_o forego_n discourse_n observe_v and_o thus_o be_v he_o lead_v to_o the_o throne_n in_o a_o chain_n of_o gold_n a_o serious_a memorial_n of_o the_o king_n duty_n as_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o a_o glorious_a ornament_n to_o he_o as_o a_o king_n if_o then_o the_o king_n be_v under_o the_o law_n in_o case_n of_o direction_n as_o by_o stipulation_n he_o be_v bind_v if_o he_o be_v likewise_o under_o the_o law_n in_o case_n of_o transgression_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o his_o comites_fw-la or_o peer_n hitherto_o certain_o a_o english_a king_n be_v but_o primus_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la and_o not_o supra_fw-la totum_fw-la and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n he_o skip_v high_o he_o afterward_o fall_v low_o for_o it_o be_v the_o lot_n of_o these_o time_n to_o have_v lord_n that_o be_v bend_v to_o work_v the_o people_n to_o
sr._n nathaniel_n bacon_n from_o a_o original_a at_o the_o lord_n viscount_n grimslon's_n at_o gorhambury_n pubd._n augt._n 10._o 1795._o by_o w._n richardson_n castle_n st._n leicester_n square_n a_o historical_a discourse_n of_o the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o government_n of_o england_n the_o first_o part_n from_o the_o first_o time_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o london_n print_v for_o matthew_n walbancke_n at_o grayes-inne-gate_n 1647._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a edward_z earl_n of_o manchester_n speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n and_o the_o honourable_a william_n lenthall_n esqu_n speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o parliament_n may_v it_o please_v you_o to_o accept_v of_o this_o sacrifice_n which_o i_o offer_v before_o your_o supreme_a judicatory_a to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o time_n the_o fire_n be_v that_o of_o loyalty_n neither_o wild_a nor_o common_a nor_o be_v the_o thing_n altogether_o forbid_v and_o unclean_a i_o confess_v its_o maim_a and_o unworthy_a yet_o it_o be_v the_o best_a that_o i_o have_v and_o in_o that_o regard_n while_o i_o now_o stand_v at_o your_o bar_n if_o you_o shall_v please_v to_o dismiss_v i_o without_o kneel_v i_o shall_v in_o that_o posture_n do_v the_o house_n the_o best_a service_n that_o i_o can_v elsewhere_o nath_n bacon_n to_o consideration_n a_o private_a debate_n concern_v the_o right_a of_o a_o english_a king_n to_o arbitrary_a rule_n over_o english_a subject_n as_o successor_n to_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n so_o call_v first_o occasion_v this_o discourse_n herein_o i_o have_v necessary_o fall_v upon_o the_o antiquity_n and_o uniformity_n of_o the_o government_n of_o this_o nation_n it_o be_v clear_v may_v also_o serve_v as_o a_o idea_n for_o they_o to_o consider_v who_o do_v mind_n the_o restitution_n of_o this_o shatter_a frame_n of_o policy_n for_o as_o in_o all_o orhe_a cure_n so_o in_o that_o of_o a_o distemper_a government_n the_o original_a constitution_n of_o the_o body_n be_v not_o light_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o the_o contemplation_n of_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o a_o small_a model_n bring_v no_o less_o furtherance_n to_o the_o right_a apprehension_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n thereof_o beside_o the_o delight_n than_o the_o peruse_n of_o a_o map_n do_v to_o the_o traveler_n after_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a travail_n i_o propound_v not_o this_o discourse_n as_o a_o pattern_n draw_v up_o to_o the_o life_n of_o the_o thing_n nor_o the_o thing_n itself_o as_o a_o masterpiece_n for_o future_a age_n for_o well_o i_o do_v know_v that_o commonweal_n in_o their_o minority_n do_v want_v not_o only_a perfection_n of_o strength_n and_o beauty_n but_o also_o of_o part_n and_o proportion_n especial_o see_v that_o their_o full_a age_n attain_v no_o further_a growth_n then_o to_o a_o mixture_n of_o divers_a form_n in_o one_o ambition_n have_v do_v much_o by_o discourse_n and_o action_n to_o bring_v forth_o monarchy_n out_o of_o the_o womb_n of_o notion_n but_o yet_o like_a that_o of_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n the_o issue_n be_v but_o wind_n and_o the_o end_n misery_n to_o the_o undertaker_n and_o therefore_o more_o than_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o the_o utmost_a perfection_n of_o this_o nether_a world_n best_a government_n consist_v in_o the_o uphold_v of_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o several_a interest_n compound_v into_o one_o temperature_n he_o that_o know_v the_o secret_n of_o all_o man_n heart_n do_v know_v that_o my_o aim_n in_o this_o discourse_n be_v neither_o at_o sceptre_n or_o crosier_n nor_o after_o popular_a dotage_n but_o that_o justice_n and_o truth_n may_v moderate_v in_o all_o this_o be_v a_o vessel_n i_o confess_v ill_a and_o weak_o build_v yet_o do_v it_o adventure_n into_o the_o vast_a ocean_n of_o your_o censure_n gentleman_n who_o be_v antiquary_n lawyer_n and_o historian_n any_o one_o of_o who_o may_v have_v steer_v in_o this_o course_n much_o better_a than_o myself_o have_v my_o own_o credit_n be_v the_o fraite_n i_o must_v have_v expect_v nothing_o less_o than_o wrack_n and_o loss_n of_o all_o but_o the_o main_a propose_n of_o this_o voyage_n be_v for_o discovery_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o government_n to_o common_a view_n i_o shall_v ever_o account_v your_o just_a censure_n and_o contradiction_n especial_o publish_v with_o their_o ground_n to_o be_v my_o most_o happy_a return_n and_o as_o a_o crown_n to_o this_o work_n and_o that_o my_o labour_n have_v its_o full_a reward_n if_o other_o take_v advantage_n by_o my_o imperfection_n shall_v beautify_v england_n with_o a_o more_o perfect_a and_o lively_a character_n the_o content_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o briton_n and_o their_o government_n p._n 1_o chap._n 2_o concern_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o briton_n unto_o the_o faith_n p._n 3_o chap._n 3._o of_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o britain_n and_o the_o state_n thereof_o during_o their_o continuance_n p._n 5_o chap._n 4._o of_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o government_n p._n 12_o chap._n 5._o of_o augustine_n come_v to_o the_o saxon_n in_o england_n his_o entertainment_n and_o work_n p._n 17_o chap._n 6._o of_o the_o imbody_v of_o prelacy_n into_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n p._n 21_o chap._n 7._o of_o metropolitan_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n p._n 23_o chap._n 8._o of_o the_o saxon_a bishop_n p._n 25_o chap._n 9_o of_o the_o saxon_a presbyter_n p._n 27_o chap._n 10._o of_o inferior_a church-officer_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 28_o chap._n 11._o of_o churchmen_n maintenance_n among_o the_o saxon_n p_o 29_o chap._n 12._o of_o the_o several_a precinct_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o church-governors_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 35_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o prelate_n government_n of_o the_o saxon_a church_n p._n 36_o chap._n 14._o of_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a p._n 39_o cha._n 15._o a_o brief_a censure_n of_o the_o saxon_a prelatical_a church_n government_n p._n 43_o chap._n 16._o of_o the_o saxon_n commonweal_n and_o the_o government_n thereof_o and_o first_o of_o the_o king_n p._n 46_o chap._n 17._o of_o the_o saxon_a nobility_n p._n 53_o chap._n 18._o of_o the_o freeman_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 55_o chap._n 19_o of_o the_o villain_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 56_o chap._n 20._o of_o the_o grand_a council_n among_o the_o saxon_n call_v the_o micklemote_a p._n 57_o chap._n 21._o of_o the_o council_n of_o lord_n p._n 62_o chap._n 22._o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o saxon_a government_n in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n p._n 63_o chap._n 23._o of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o saxon_a kingdom_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o first_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n into_o shire_n and_o their_o officer_n p._n 65_o chap._n 24._o of_o the_o county_n court_n and_o sheriff_n tear_v p._n 66_o chap._n 25._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o county_n into_o hundred_o and_o the_o officer_n and_o court_n thereto_o belong_v p._n 68_o chap._n 26._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o hundred_o into_o decennary_n p._n 70_o chap._n 27._o of_o franchise_n and_o first_o of_o the_o church_n franchise_n p._n 71_o chap._n 28._o of_o the_o second_o franchise_n call_v the_o march_n p._n 72_o chap._n 29._o of_o county_n palatine_n p._n 73_o chap._n 30._o of_o franchise_n of_o the_o person_n ibid._n chap._n 31._o of_o manor_n p._n 75_o ch._n 32._o of_o court_n incident_a &_o unite_v unto_o manor_n p._n 77_o chap._n 33._o of_o township_n and_o their_o market_n p._n 79_o chap._n 34._o of_o the_o forest_n p._n 82_o chap._n 35._o concern_v judge_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n p._n 84_o chap._n 36._o of_o the_o proceed_n in_o judicature_n by_o indictment_n appeal_v presentment_n and_o action_n p._n 85_o chap._n 37._o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o extraordinary_a trial_n by_o torture_n ordeale_o compurgator_n and_o battle_n p._n 88_o chap._n 38._o of_o the_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o trial_n among_o the_o saxon_n by_o inquest_n p._n 91_o chap._n 39_o of_o pass_v judgement_n and_o execution_n p._n 94_o chap._n 40._o of_o the_o penal_a law_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 96_o chap._n 41._o of_o the_o law_n of_o property_n of_o land_n and_o good_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o conveyance_n p._n 102_o chap._n 42._o of_o the_o time_n of_o law_n and_o vacancy_n p._n 110_o chap._n 43._o a_o epilogue_n to_o the_o saxon_a government_n p._n 111_o chap._n 44._o of_o the_o norman_a entrance_n p._n 113_o chap._n 45._o of_o the_o title_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n that_o it_o be_v by_o election_n p._n 115_o chap._n 46._o that_o the_o government_n of_o the_o norman_n proceed_v upon_o the_o saxon_a principle_n and_o first_o of_o parliament_n p._n 120_o chap._n 47._o of_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o norman_a time_n p._n 123_o
saxon_n be_v not_o so_o zealous_a of_o their_o new_a religion_n as_o to_o make_v a_o new_a nationall_n quarrel_n between_o the_o briton_n and_o themselves_o but_o leave_v the_o game_n to_o be_v play_v out_o by_o austen_n who_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o it_o will_v not_o prove_v the_o work_n of_o one_o man_n leave_v it_o to_o successor_n to_o work_v out_o by_o degree_n in_o efflux_n of_o time_n and_o thus_o austen_n neither_o good_a servant_n to_o the_o servant_n of_o servant_n nor_o good_a monk_n retire_v to_o settle_v his_o saxon_a province_n and_o to_o present_v or_o rather_o to_o prostitute_v it_o to_o the_o lust_n of_o that_o red_a whore_n which_o be_v the_o general_a piety_n of_o those_o ignorant_a time_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o imbody_v of_o prelacy_n into_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o can_v think_v that_o the_o platform_n of_o the_o mystery_n of_o iniquity_n when_o boil_a to_o the_o height_n be_v ever_o foresee_v or_o in_o the_o aim_n of_o the_o wicked_a spirit_n on_o earth_n or_o those_o in_o hell_n yet_o be_v they_o all_o instrument_n of_o this_o monstrous_a birth_n fill_v with_o subtlety_n and_o mischief_n guide_v principal_o by_o occasion_n and_o overrule_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o wisdom_n of_o god_n to_o make_v a_o yoke_n for_o monarch_n and_o a_o scourge_n to_o the_o world_n for_o their_o refusal_n of_o the_o government_n of_o christ_n until_o this_o monster_n come_v to_o perfection_n and_o wherein_o themselves_o be_v feloe_n de_fw-mi se_fw-mi and_o wrought_v their_o own_o mischief_n for_o austen_n come_v in_o as_o a_o three_o proprietor_n with_o king_n and_o people_n and_o have_v gather_v the_o material_n of_o a_o church_n reason_n tell_v they_o that_o a_o form_n of_o government_n must_v be_v settle_v in_o that_o church_n the_o saxon_n have_v no_o principle_n of_o their_o own_o serm._n tacit._n mor._n serm._n for_o they_o have_v no_o learning_n and_o to_o go_v to_o the_o briton_n for_o a_o pattern_n may_v be_v think_v ignoble_a and_o where_o the_o choice_n be_v small_a it_o be_v soon_o make_v rome_n hold_v now_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o church_n of_o europe_n at_o school_n the_o saxon_n soon_o resolve_v rome_n that_o have_v be_v their_o mother_n shall_v be_v also_o their_o father_n and_o thus_o at_o one_o draught_n they_o drink_v up_o a_o potion_n of_o the_o whole_a hierarchy_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o pope_n to_o the_o apparator_n with_o a_o quicquid_fw-la imponitur_fw-la &_o imponetur_fw-la which_o be_v of_o such_o last_a efficacy_n that_o it_o cease_v not_o to_o work_v even_o to_o this_o day_n although_o it_o be_v slow_a in_o the_o first_o provocation_n for_o the_o saxon_n have_v a_o commonweal_n found_v in_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n and_o it_o be_v a_o masterpiece_n for_o austen_n and_o the_o clergy_n so_o to_o work_v as_o to_o remain_v member_n of_o this_o commonweal_n and_o yet_o retain_v their_o heart_n for_o rome_n which_o be_v now_o grow_v almost_o to_o the_o pitch_n of_o that_o antichrist_n for_o reason_n must_v needs_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o saxon_a principle_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v ad_fw-la omne_fw-la for_o rome_n nor_o the_o roman_a canon_n allow_v they_o to_o be_v whole_o saxon_n and_o they_o see_v plain_o that_o the_o time_n be_v too_o tender_a to_o endure_v they_o to_o be_v declarative_a on_o either_o part_n and_o therefore_o they_o choose_v a_o three_o way_n which_o be_v to_o preserve_v the_o municipal_a law_n in_o moderation_n towards_o the_o canon_n and_o to_o that_o end_n to_o endeavour_v such_o a_o temper_n upon_o the_o state_n as_o must_v admit_v they_o to_o be_v in_o repute_n such_o as_o without_o who_o the_o commonweal_n can_v not_o well_o subsist_v no_o more_o than_o a_o body_n without_o a_o soul_n and_o that_o few_o occasion_n shall_v befall_v but_o at_o least_o in_o ordine_fw-la remoto_fw-la must_v reflect_v upon_o both_o and_o then_o all_o reason_n will_v be_v speak_v they_o to_o join_v in_o the_o legislative_a power_n and_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o especial_o as_o bishop_n who_o be_v now_o magnae_fw-la spes_fw-la altera_fw-la romae_fw-la and_o the_o very_a top-flower_n of_o wisdom_n and_o learning_n and_o unto_o this_o temper_n the_o saxon_n be_v sufficient_o prepare_v and_o inclinable_a for_o it_o be_v no_o new_a thing_n for_o they_o to_o admit_v their_o heathenish_a priest_n into_o their_o general_a meeting_n and_o allow_v they_o much_o power_n therein_o and_o then_o it_o be_v but_o the_o person_n change_v and_o they_o must_v do_v as_o much_o for_o their_o bishop_n now_o they_o be_v become_v christian_a especial_o themselves_o be_v all_o for_o the_o field_n and_o overgrow_v with_o a_o general_a ignorance_n the_o common_a disease_n of_o those_o time_n king_n be_v in_o no_o betee_a condition_n it_o be_v hard_o for_o they_o to_o be_v baptize_v and_o not_o to_o be_v baptize_v into_o rome_n and_o common_o under_o such_o a_o covenant_n as_o though_o many_o may_v repent_v of_o yet_o none_o dare_v amend_v for_o when_o as_o the_o pope_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o people_n the_o king_n power_n may_v sometime_o outface_v but_o can_v never_o govern_v the_o saxon_a king_n be_v therefore_o fain_o to_o make_v a_o virtue_n of_o necessity_n and_o advance_v bishop_n to_o be_v common_a favourite_n both_o of_o rome_n and_o themselves_o to_o maintain_v good_a correspondency_n between_o both_o sword_n and_o to_o countenance_v the_o power_n of_o the_o temporal_a magistrate_n in_o case_n of_o dispute_n else_o he_o may_v oftentimes_o command_v and_o yet_o go_v without_o thus_o enter_v the_o prelate_n upon_o affair_n of_o king_n and_o kingdom_n and_o become_v lover_n of_o lordship_n and_o troubler_n of_o state_n and_o if_o in_o any_o thing_n they_o serve_v their_o country_n they_o serve_v rome_n much_o more_o their_o merchandise_n be_v make_v of_o the_o policy_n and_o counsel_n of_o all_o kingdom_n and_o state_n and_o such_o return_n proceed_v as_o be_v still_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o roman_a interest_n and_o they_o so_o intoxicated_a the_o domestic_a counsel_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o general_o stagger_v and_o many_o time_n come_v short_a of_o home_n nevertheless_o at_o the_o first_o this_o be_v but_o rare_a clancular_a and_o cover_v with_o much_o modesty_n for_o except_v such_o choice_a spirit_n as_o austen_n have_v roman_n prelacy_n in_o these_o young_a time_n be_v but_o velvet-headed_n and_o endure_v not_o much_o greatness_n or_o big_a title_n but_o speak_v like_o a_o lamb_n ego_fw-la non_fw-la verbis_fw-la quaero_fw-la prosperari_fw-la sed_fw-la moribus_fw-la say_v this_o gregory_n to_o the_o alexandrian_a bishop_n who_o have_v put_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o universal_a bishop_n or_o pope_n eulog_n greg._n epist_n ad_fw-la eulog_n and_o whereas_o he_o have_v in_o a_o way_n of_o courtship_n call_v gregory_n counsel_n command_v he_o startle_v at_o it_o quod_fw-la verbum_fw-la jussionis_fw-la say_v he_o peto_o a_o meo_fw-la auditu_fw-la removere_fw-la quia_fw-la scio_fw-la quis_fw-la sum_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la estis_fw-la thus_o prelacy_n first_o convey_v itself_o into_o opinion_n afterward_o into_o conscience_n and_o ambition_n come_v in_o the_o rear_n make_v it_o become_v both_o bishop_n and_o lord_n chap._n vii_o of_o metropolitan_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n be_v in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o elder_a time_n and_o therein_o first_o of_o the_o person_n with_o their_o relation_n then_o of_o their_o work_n and_o last_o of_o their_o court_n and_o law_n and_o now_o in_o hand_n with_o the_o ecclesiastical_a person_n i_o shall_v descend_v to_o their_o particular_a rank_n or_o degree_n and_o shall_v show_v what_o they_o be_v in_o their_o original_n and_o what_o overplus_n they_o have_v by_o law_n and_o first_o concern_v the_o metropolitan_a in_o his_o original_n his_o office_n be_v to_o visit_v the_o bishop_n admonish_v and_o exhort_v they_o and_o in_o full_a synod_n to_o correct_v such_o disorder_n as_o the_o bishop_n can_v not_o reform_v and_o in_o all_o thing_n to_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o prescript_n canon_n 258._o council_n brit._n p._n 258._o thus_o witness_v boniface_n a_o archbishop_n to_o a_o archbishop_n of_o a_o archbishop_n not_o according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v write_v but_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a rule_n for_o long_o before_o boniface_n his_o time_n archbishop_n be_v swell_v beyond_o the_o gird_v of_o the_o canon_n 745._o an._n 745._o and_o before_o that_o england_n be_v honour_v with_o that_o rank_n of_o man_n metropolitan_o be_v become_v metronomians_n and_o above_o all_o rule_n but_o that_o of_o their_o own_o will_n and_o through_o common_a custom_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o any_o other_o so_o as_o if_o england_n will_v have_v they_o it_o must_v be_v content_a to_o have_v they_o with_o their_o fault_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o
they_o have_v usurp_v in_o their_o synod_n which_o they_o hold_v only_o for_o church-visitation_n which_o they_o can_v never_o have_v because_o the_o sapientes_fw-la regni_fw-la have_v their_o vote_n therein_o as_o free_o as_o they_o nor_o can_v the_o prelate_n by_o any_o law_n entitle_v themselves_o to_o such_o power_n or_o privilege_n so_o contrary_a to_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o wtttagenmote_a for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o german_a priest_n have_v a_o liberty_n to_o be_v present_a in_o these_o grand_a assembly_n and_o to_o have_v some_o presidency_n therein_o as_o to_o command_v silence_n etc._n etc._n yet_o it_o be_v no_o title_n to_o these_o tacitus_n tacitus_n unless_o they_o will_v interest_n themselves_o as_o their_o successor_n to_o possess_v by_o a_o jus_o divinum_fw-la that_o jus_o diabolicum_fw-la which_o those_o priest_n former_o have_v in_o a_o way_n of_o immediate_a providence_n somewhat_o like_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o mantle_n of_o eliah_n find_v by_o elisha_n they_o may_v i_o grant_v plead_v the_o title_n from_o king_n but_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v also_o that_o king_n as_o yet_o have_v no_o more_o power_n over_o the_o church_n then_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n nor_o can_v they_o have_v that_o from_o the_o lord_n which_o the_o lord_n never_o have_v but_o be_v ever_o account_v among_o the_o majora_fw-la and_o of_o which_o the_o wittagenmot_n have_v the_o only_a cognisance_n as_o it_o will_v appear_v in_o some_o particular_n ensue_v unto_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o clergy_n must_v be_v add_v as_o i_o say_v the_o freeman_n to_o make_v up_o the_o micklemote_a complete_a and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o no_o monument_n of_o story_n speak_v of_o this_o grand_a meeting_n from_o their_o be_v in_o germany_n until_o after_o the_o come_n of_o austin_n yet_o when_o as_o the_o saxon_a history_n than_o find_v they_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n that_o the_o german_a story_n leave_v they_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o in_o the_o interval_n they_o continue_v their_o wont_a custom_n although_o they_o have_v no_o learning_n to_o leave_v monument_n thereof_o unto_o the_o world_n and_o hereof_o the_o example_n be_v not_o rare_a in_o those_o remembrance_n that_o those_o ancient_a time_n have_v leave_v we_o for_o within_o six_o year_n after_o augustine_n arrival_n aethelbert_n call_v a_o common-council_n tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_fw-la 53._o council_n brit._n 126._o ll._n sax._n lamb._n cantab._n foe_n 1._o ibid._n foe_o 22._o ibid._n foe_o 53._o ina_n after_o he_o make_v law_n suasu_fw-la &_o instituto_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la omnium_fw-la senatorum_fw-la &_o natu_fw-la majorum_fw-la sapientum_fw-la populi_fw-la in_fw-la magna_fw-la servorum_fw-la dei_fw-la frequentia_fw-la alfred_n after_o he_o reform_v the_o former_a law_n consulto_fw-la sapientum_fw-la after_o he_o aethelsian_n call_v a_o council_n in_o which_o be_v the_o archbishop_n and_o with_o he_o the_o optimates_fw-la &_o sapientes_fw-la frequentissimi_fw-la beside_o other_o whereof_o i_o shall_v treat_v now_o that_o i_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n handle_v in_o this_o court_n the_o matter_n in_o agitation_n in_o the_o wittagenmot_n general_o be_v all_o both_o of_o public_a and_o private_a concernment_n that_o which_o concern_v the_o public_a be_v such_o as_o regard_v removal_n of_o inconvenience_n such_o as_o be_v law_n for_o league_n and_o affinity_n with_o other_o nation_n for_o prevent_v of_o war_n and_o thus_o become_v the_o saxon_n and_o briton_n unite_v 36._o council_n brit._n p._n 219._o ll._n lamb._n cantabr_n foe_fw-mi 36._o and_o the_o mortal_a feud_n between_o those_o two_o nation_n lay_v aside_o and_o they_o make_v one_o and_o the_o saxon_n and_o dane_n reconcile_v by_o a_o covenant_n agree_v unto_o and_o swear_v between_o both_o nation_n the_o like_a also_o may_v be_v say_v of_o their_o make_n of_o war_n of_o defence_n against_o foreign_a invasion_n matter_n of_o public_a and_o general_a charge_n also_o be_v debate_v and_o conclude_v in_o that_o assembly_n as_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n 139._o ll._n edw._n lamb._n cam._n foe_n 139._o it_o be_v say_v they_o be_v grant_v rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la such_o also_o as_o concern_v the_o church_n for_o so_o edwin_n the_o king_n of_o northumberland_n upon_o his_o marriage_n with_o a_o christian_a lady_n be_v importune_v to_o renounce_v his_o paganism_n answer_v he_o will_v so_o do_v 51._o antiq._n brit._n p._n 51._o if_o that_o his_o queen_n religion_n shall_v be_v account_v more_o holy_a and_o honourable_a to_o god_n by_o the_o wise_a man_n and_o prince_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o all_o the_o church_n law_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n be_v make_v in_o the_o miklemote_a monastery_n be_v by_o their_o general_a consent_n dedicate_v 321._o council_n brit._n 127._o ibid._n 321._o &_o their_o possession_n confirm_v the_o city_n of_o canterbury_n make_v the_o metropolitan_a matter_n also_o of_o private_a regard_n be_v there_o proceed_v upon_o as_o not_o only_o general_a grievance_n but_o pervert_v of_o justice_n in_o case_n of_o private_a person_n as_o in_o that_o council_n call_v synodale_n concilium_fw-la under_o beornulfus_fw-la the_o mercian_n king_n 332._o ibid._n 332._o quaesitum_fw-la est_fw-la quomodo_fw-la quis_fw-la cum_fw-la justicia_fw-la sit_fw-la tractatus_fw-la seu_fw-la quis_fw-la injust_a sit_fw-la spoliatus_fw-la the_o name_n of_o which_o council_n call_v synodall_n mind_v i_o to_o intimate_v that_o which_o i_o have_v often_o endeavour_v to_o find_v out_o but_o yet_o can_v viz._n that_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n between_o the_o general_a synod_n and_o the_o wittagenmot_n unless_o mere_o in_o the_o first_o occasion_n of_o the_o summons_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o credit_n to_o be_v allow_v to_o that_o book_n call_v 3._o cap._n 1._o sec._n 3._o the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n it_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o grand_a assembly_n be_v to_o confer_v of_o the_o government_n of_o god_n people_n how_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v from_o sin_n live_v in_o quiet_a and_o have_v right_o do_v they_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o law_n and_o more_o especial_o of_o wrong_n do_v by_o the_o king_n 2._o sec._n 2._o queen_n or_o their_o child_n for_o that_o the_o king_n may_v not_o by_o himself_o or_o justice_n determine_v cause_n wherein_o himself_o be_v actor_n 11._o cap._n 4._o sec._n 11._o and_o to_o sum_n up_o all_o it_o seem_v a_o court_n make_v to_o rise_v and_o stoop_v according_a to_o occasion_n the_o manner_n of_o debate_n be_v conclude_v by_o vote_n and_o the_o sum_n take_v in_o the_o gross_a by_o noise_n lacedem_fw-la tacitus_n plut._n lycurg_n thucyd._n lib._n 1._o de_fw-la lacedem_fw-la like_v to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o determine_v what_o be_v propound_v clamoro_fw-la non_fw-la calculis_fw-la yet_o when_o the_o noise_n be_v doubtful_a they_o take_v the_o vote_n several_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o saxon_n at_o this_o assembly_n in_o the_o first_o time_n be_v certain_a tacitus_n tacitus_n viz._n at_o the_o new_a and_o full_a moon_n but_o religion_n change_v other_o thing_n change_v these_o time_n to_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n pentecost_n and_o the_o nativity_n at_o which_o time_n they_o use_v to_o present_v themselves_o before_o the_o king_n at_o his_o court_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o person_n and_o to_o consult_v and_o provide_v for_o the_o affair_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o at_o such_o time_n king_n use_v to_o make_v show_n of_o themselves_o in_o their_o great_a pomp_n crown_v with_o their_o royal_a crown_n this_o custom_n continue_v till_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o 1158._o an._n 1158._o who_o at_o worcester_n upon_o the_o day_n of_o the_o nativity_n offer_v his_o crown_n upon_o the_o altar_n and_o so_o the_o ceremony_n cease_v this_o grand_a assembly_n thus_o constitute_v be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o all_o the_o member_n or_o that_o have_v occasion_n therein_o be_v under_o the_o public_a faith_n both_o in_o go_v and_o come_v unless_o the_o party_n be_v fur_n probatus_fw-la if_o a_o member_n be_v wrong_v the_o delinquent_n pay_v double_a damage_n and_o fine_a to_o the_o king_n by_o a_o law_n make_v by_o aethelbert_n above_o a_o thousand_o year_n ago_o 35_o council_n brit._n p._n 127._o ll._n canut_n p._n 2._o cap._n 79._o ll._n edw._n cap._n 35_o this_o privilege_n of_o safe_a pass_n be_v thus_o ancient_a and_o fundamental_a and_o not_o by_o any_o law_n take_v away_o rest_v still_o in_o force_n but_o how_o far_o it_o belong_v to_o such_o as_o be_v no_o member_n and_o have_v affair_n nevertheless_o depend_v on_o that_o court_n i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o determine_v yet_o it_o seem_v that_o privilege_n outreach_v member_n unless_o we_o shall_v conceit_v so_o wide_a that_o the_o state_n do_v suppose_v that_o a_o member_n may_v be_v a_o notorious_a and_o know_a thief_n last_o this_o assembly_n though_o it_o be_v call_v the_o wittagenmot_n or_o the_o meeting_n of_o wise_a man_n yet_o all_o that_o will_v come_v may_v be_v
discipline_n 58._o ll._n canut_n cap._n 58._o if_o they_o follow_v their_o rule_n which_o be_v make_v not_o by_o the_o arbitry_n of_o the_o general_n but_o by_o parliament_n these_o among_o other_o scatter_a principle_n concern_v sea-affaire_n may_v serve_v to_o let_v we_o know_v that_o the_o law-martiall_n and_o that_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v branch_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n settle_v by_o the_o general_a vote_n in_o the_o wittagenmot_n and_o not_o leave_v to_o the_o will_n of_o a_o lawless_a general_n or_o commander_n so_o tender_a and_o uniform_a be_v those_o time_n both_o in_o their_o law_n and_o liberty_n chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o saxon_a kingdom_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o first_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n into_o shire_n and_o their_o officer_n if_o the_o saxon_a government_n be_v regular_a in_o time_n of_o war_n how_o much_o rather_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n all_o great_a work_n be_v do_v by_o parcel_n and_o degree_n and_o it_o be_v the_o saxon_n ancient_a way_n in_o germany_n to_o divide_v their_o territory_n into_o several_a circuit_n or_o circle_n and_o to_o assign_v to_o each_o their_o several_a magistrate_n all_o of_o they_o rule_v by_o one_o law_n like_o one_o soul_n work_v in_o several_a member_n to_o one_o common_a good_a thus_o they_o do_v here_o in_o england_n have_v find_v the_o land_n already_o divide_v into_o several_a government_n they_o likewise_o what_o they_o conquer_v divide_v into_o several_a part_n call_v comitatus_fw-la or_o county_n from_o the_o word_n come_v that_o signify_v a_o companion_n and_o the_o county_n thence_o call_v be_v nothing_o but_o society_n or_o association_n in_o public_a charge_n and_o service_n but_o the_o saxon_a word_n be_v shire_n or_o share_n that_o be_v a_o portion_n or_o precinct_n of_o ground_n belong_v to_o this_o or_o that_o person_n or_o great_a town_n and_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o that_o person_n or_o town_n and_o sometime_o of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o people_n as_o north_n or_o south_n folk_n east_n or_o south_n sex_n or_o saxon_n this_o division_n by_o the_o name_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o saxon_a original_a and_o though_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o ingulfus_n and_o other_o writer_n hon._n seld._n tit._n hon._n it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v do_v by_o alfred_n yet_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v more_o ancient_a if_o the_o reader_n mind_n the_o grant_n of_o peter_n penny_n make_v by_o king_n offa_n wherein_o be_v record_v the_o several_a diocese_n and_o shire_n out_o of_o which_o that_o grant_n be_v make_v under_o the_o very_a same_o name_n that_o they_o own_o at_o this_o day_n 794._o m._n westm_n an._n 794._o and_o that_o grant_v be_v more_o ancient_a than_o alfred_n time_n by_o the_o space_n of_o 80_o year_n each_o of_o these_o shire_n or_o county_n have_v their_o two_o chief_a governor_n for_o distributive_a justice_n of_o these_o the_o sheriff_n be_v more_o ancient_a and_o worthy_a officer_n be_v the_o lieutenant_n sheriff_n sheriff_n and_o aid_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o county_n in_o certain_a case_n for_o his_o commission_n extend_v not_o to_o levy_v war_n but_o to_o maintain_v justice_n in_o that_o county_n and_o within_o the_o same_o and_o in_o this_o work_n he_o be_v partly_o ministerial_a and_o partly_o judicial_a in_o the_o one_o he_o be_v the_o king_n servant_n to_o execute_v his_o writ_n in_o the_o other_o he_o regulate_v the_o court_n of_o justice_n under_o his_o survey_n 35._o ll._n edw._n c._n 35._o he_o be_v choose_v in_o the_o county_n court_n call_v the_o folkmote_a by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o freeholder_n and_o as_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o the_o heretock_n be_v entitle_v to_o their_o honour_n by_o the_o people_n favour_n coroner_n coroner_n the_o coroner_n though_o in_o original_a late_a be_v nevertheless_o very_o ancient_a he_o be_v the_o more_o servant_n or_o officer_n to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o two_o his_o work_n be_v to_o inquire_v upon_o view_n of_o manslaughter_n and_o by_o indictment_n of_o all_o felony_n as_o do_v contra_fw-la coronam_fw-la which_o former_o be_v only_o contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la and_o triable_a only_o by_o appeal_n 13._o miror_fw-la cap._n 1._o sec._n 13._o as_o also_o he_o be_v to_o inquire_v of_o all_o escheate_n and_o forfeiture_n and_o they_o to_o seize_v he_o be_v also_o to_o receive_v appeal_n of_o felony_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o roll_n of_o the_o crown_n plea_n within_o the_o county_n it_o be_v evident_a he_o be_v a_o officer_n in_o alfred_n time_n 300._o miror_fw-la p._n 300._o for_o that_o king_n put_v a_o judge_n to_o death_n for_o sentence_v one_o to_o suffer_v death_n upon_o the_o coroner_n record_v without_o allow_v the_o delinquent_a liberty_n of_o traverse_n this_o officer_n also_o be_v make_v by_o election_n of_o the_o freeholder_n in_o their_o county_n court_n as_o the_o sheriff_n be_v 164._o fit_v n._n br._n 163_o 164._o and_o from_o among_o the_o man_n of_o chief_a rank_n in_o the_o county_n and_o swear_v in_o their_o presence_n but_o the_o king_n writ_n lead_v the_o work_n chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o county_n court_n and_o the_o sheriff_n tear_v the_o government_n of_o the_o county_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n consist_v much_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o public_a meeting_n of_o the_o freeholder_n &_o their_o meeting_n be_v either_o in_o one_o place_n or_o in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o county_n in_o each_o of_o which_o the_o sheriff_n have_v the_o manage_v of_o the_o act_n do_v there_o court_n folkmote_a or_o county_n court_n the_o meeting_n of_o the_o freeman_n in_o one_o place_n be_v call_v the_o folkmote_a by_o the_o saxon_n save_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o honourable_a reporter_n coke_n instit_fw-la 2._o p._n 69._o and_o of_o latter_a time_n the_o county_n court_n the_o work_n wherein_o be_v partly_o for_o consultation_n &_o direction_n concern_v the_o order_n of_o the_o county_n for_o the_o safety_n and_o peace_n thereof_o such_o as_o be_v redress_v of_o grievance_n election_n of_o officer_n prevention_n of_o danger_n etc._n etc._n and_o partly_o it_o be_v judicial_a 147._o miror_fw-la p._n 147._o in_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o common_a plea_n of_o the_o county_n the_o church_n affair_n and_o some_o trespass_n do_v therein_o but_o not_o matter_n criminal_a for_o the_o bishop_n be_v judge_n therein_o together_o with_o the_o sheriff_n and_o by_o the_o canon_n he_o be_v not_o to_o intermeddle_v in_o matter_n of_o blood_n yet_o neither_o be_v the_o bishop_n nor_o sheriff_n work_v in_o that_o court_n other_z then_z directory_n or_o declaratory_a for_o the_o freeman_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o the_o other_o do_v but_o edocere_fw-la jura_fw-la populo_fw-la 15._o ll._n canut_n miror_fw-la cap._n 1._o sec._n 15._o yet_o in_o special_a case_n upon_o petition_n a_o commission_n issue_v forth_o from_o the_o king_n to_o certain_a judge_n of_o oier_n to_o join_v with_o the_o other_o in_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o such_o particular_a ease_n 1._o miror_fw-la cap._n 5._o sec._n 1._o but_o in_o case_n of_o injustice_n or_o error_n the_o party_n grieve_v have_v liberty_n of_o appeal_n to_o the_o king_n justice_n nor_o do_v the_o common_a plea_n original_o commence_v in_o the_o county_n court_n edgar_n ll._n canut_n ll._n edgar_n unless_o the_o party_n dwell_v in_o several_a liberty_n or_o hundred_o in_o the_o same_o county_n and_o in_o case_n any_o mistake_n be_v in_o the_o commence_v of_o suit_n in_o that_o court_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v upon_o complaint_n the_o king_n write_v reduce_v it_o to_o its_o proper_a place_n and_o in_o this_o also_o the_o king_n own_o court_n have_v no_o preeminence_n 22._o council_n brit._n p._n 197._o tit_n 22._o in_o those_o ancient_a time_n this_o county_n court_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v but_o twice_o a_o year_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o king_n edgar_n but_o upon_o urgent_a emergency_n often_o and_o that_o either_o by_o the_o king_n especial_a writ_n 35_o ll._n edw._n cap._n 35_o or_o if_o the_o emergent_a occasion_n be_v sudden_a and_o important_a by_o extraordinary_a summons_n of_o ring_v the_o moot-bel_n unto_o this_o court_n all_o the_o free_a man_n of_o the_o county_n assemble_v to_o learn_v the_o law_n to_o administer_v justice_n 35_o ll._n edw._n cap._n 35_o to_o provide_v remedy_n for_o public_a inconvenience_n and_o to_o do_v their_o fealty_n to_o the_o king_n before_o the_o bishop_n and_o sheriff_n upon_o oath_n and_o in_o the_o work_n of_o administer_a justice_n 4._o ll._n edw._n cap._n 4._o cause_n concern_v the_o church_n must_v have_v the_o precedency_n so_o as_o yet_o the_o canon_n law_n have_v not_o get_v foot_v in_o england_n the_o other_o court_n wherein_o the_o sheriff_n have_v the_o directory_n be_v in_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o free_a man_n in_o several_a
meeting_n or_o concourse_n of_o people_n for_o the_o sale_n of_o such_o commodity_n as_o their_o neighbourhood_n will_v not_o take_v off_o their_o hand_n and_o thus_o the_o great_a town_n that_o have_v wall_n or_o castle_n become_v the_o great_a market_n and_o other_o less_o and_o this_o make_v the_o neighbourhood_n of_o those_o town_n to_o repair_v thither_o to_o buy_v as_o other_o to_o sell_v but_o time_n discover_v a_o double_a inconvenience_n herein_o viz._n that_o by_o these_o less_o public_a sale_n in_o small_a village_n where_o little_a or_o no_o care_n of_o right_n or_o justice_n be_v have_v and_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o word_n pagan_n become_v a_o word_n of_o reproach_n many_o man_n good_n by_o clandestine_v contract_n be_v lose_v and_o no_o care_n have_v of_o their_o recovery_n and_o which_o be_v yet_o more_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o public_a that_o the_o great_a town_n appoint_v for_o the_o strength_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n become_v ill_o provide_v with_o supply_n of_o victual_n either_o for_o the_o present_a or_o future_a and_o what_o be_v have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v get_v at_o the_o second_o hand_n and_o high_a rate_n than_o the_o country_n village_n have_v the_o wise_a man_n by_o public_a edict_n lay_v a_o restraint_n of_o market_n in_o small_a village_n and_o more_o private_a place_n and_o thus_o the_o great_a town_n have_v market_n former_o become_v more_o public_a market_n not_o by_o any_o new_a right_n or_o privilege_n from_o the_o crown_n for_o it_o neither_o have_v such_o power_n nor_o can_v have_v but_o upon_o usurpation_n against_o the_o common_a right_n of_o such_o town_n and_o place_n of_o public_a defence_n this_o restraint_n upon_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a be_v make_v first_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o their_o law_n but_o more_o clear_o declare_v and_o confirm_v afterward_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o norman_n which_o never_o give_v any_o new_a right_n of_o market_n overt_a unto_o those_o place_n of_o public_a defence_n but_o only_o do_v inhibit_v the_o same_o in_o the_o small_a village_n and_o private_a place_n in_o which_o respect_n although_o the_o king_n of_o this_o nation_n in_o future_a time_n take_v leave_v to_o abolish_v that_o restraint_n which_o do_v lie_v upon_o some_o of_o those_o more_o private_a place_n for_o certain_a reason_n of_o state_n and_o so_o these_o place_n become_v market_n overt_a which_o former_o be_v none_o yet_o can_v they_o never_o take_v away_o that_o privilege_n which_o nature_n itself_o cast_v upon_o those_o great_a town_n be_v the_o very_a limb_n of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o wrong_n do_v to_o common_a right_n and_o the_o public_a good_a nor_o abridge_v they_o of_o that_o power_n but_o that_o they_o may_v still_o use_v their_o liberty_n at_o time_n and_o place_n within_o their_o precinct_n as_o may_v best_o conduce_v with_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o place_n even_o as_o any_o particular_a free_a man_n may_v govern_v his_o own_o estate_n as_o he_o like_v best_o and_o thus_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n it_o be_v to_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o ancient_a burrough_n of_o this_o kingdom_n proper_o do_v not_o hold_v their_o liberty_n of_o market_n overt_a by_o prescription_n or_o charter_n but_o by_o common_a right_n and_o not_o as_o a_o corporation_n make_v by_o charter_n but_o as_o they_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o people_n ancient_o gather_v together_o and_o unite_a upon_o who_o the_o strength_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v or_o do_v former_o much_o more_o depend_v then_o on_o any_o of_o the_o small_a village_n &_o open_a town_n even_o as_o every_o free_a man_n possess_v and_o use_v his_o proper_a inheritance_n and_o estate_n without_o particular_a privilege_n derive_v from_o the_o crown_n nor_o can_v the_o king_n take_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o market_n overt_a from_o such_o place_n more_o than_o he_o can_v take_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v from_o any_o free_a man_n to_o who_o the_o law_n allow_v a_o liberty_n of_o ownership_n this_o i_o submit_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o different_a opinion_n concern_v the_o same_o this_o liberty_n of_o township_n thus_o make_v and_o the_o place_n and_o people_n inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v of_o such_o consequence_n in_o the_o public_a administration_n have_v for_o their_o better_a support_n and_o safety_n liberty_n of_o fortification_n gloss_n ll._n edw._n cap._n 1._o ll._n aethelst_n cap._n 12._o ll._n aethelst_n cap._n 13._o gloss_n and_o power_n to_o charge_v one_o another_o with_o the_o maintenance_n of_o these_o fortification_n by_o a_o imposition_n call_v burghbote_n and_o hold_v their_o tenement_n under_o a_o rent_n to_o their_o lord_n or_o king_n call_v burgage_n as_o they_o be_v a_o body_n aggregate_v chap._n xxxiv_o of_o the_o forest_n beside_o other_o prerogative_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n they_o have_v also_o a_o franchise_n for_o wild_a beast_n for_o the_o chase_n which_o we_o common_o call_v forrest_n be_v a_o precinct_n of_o ground_n neither_o parcel_n of_o the_o county_n nor_o the_o diocese_n nor_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o rather_o appendant_a thereunto_o this_o savour_v of_o the_o old_a german_a sport_n but_o by_o custom_n turn_v from_o sport_n to_o earnest_n for_o although_o in_o the_o first_o time_n the_o saxon_n be_v so_o few_o and_o the_o country_n so_o spacious_a that_o they_o may_v allow_v the_o beast_n their_o farm_n as_o well_o as_o themselves_o their_o own_o people_n nevertheless_o so_o multiply_v as_o of_o necessity_n they_o must_v intercommon_a either_o with_o beast_n or_o fish_n the_o former_a whereof_o however_o more_o cleanly_a yet_o the_o latter_a have_v the_o sure_a footing_n and_o be_v choose_v as_o the_o least_o of_o two_o evil_n rather_o than_o for_o any_o likelihood_n of_o good_a neighbourhood_n for_o as_o nature_n teach_v beast_n to_o prey_n for_o themselves_o so_o man_n to_o defend_v their_o own_o and_o this_o breed_v such_o a_o feud_n between_o beast_n and_o man_n as_o that_o king_n doubt_v to_o loose_v their_o game_n take_v in_o with_o the_o weak_a that_o the_o world_n may_v see_v the_o happiness_n of_o england_n where_o beast_n enjoy_v their_o liberty_n as_o well_o as_o man_n but_o this_o be_v as_o it_o be_v by_o compromise_n for_o it_o have_v be_v very_o hard_o to_o have_v please_v the_o free_a man_n who_o have_v liberty_n of_o game_n within_o their_o own_o ground_n by_o common_a right_n 77_o ll._n canut_n c._n 77_o and_o to_o preserve_v the_o king_n liberty_n of_o forest_n coincident_a therewith_o have_v not_o the_o king_n employ_v on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o power_n of_o a_o dane_n that_o look_v somewhat_o like_o a_o conqueror_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o which_o look_v as_o like_v to_o the_o bounty_n of_o a_o king_n in_o allow_v liberty_n of_o ownership_n to_o man_n inhabit_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o forest_n which_o at_o the_o first_o be_v set_v apart_o only_o for_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o all_o his_o wit_n to_o make_v a_o law_n somewhat_o short_a of_o a_o full_a freedom_n and_o yet_o outreach_v that_o of_o bondage_n which_o we_o since_o have_v commend_v to_o posterity_n under_o the_o forest_n charter_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o it_o prove_v a_o hard_a matter_n for_o king_n to_o hunt_v by_o law_n and_o the_o law_n itself_o a_o yoke_n somewhat_o too_o heavy_a for_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o bear_v in_o old_a age_n if_o self_n deny_v majesty_n shall_v please_v to_o take_v it_o away_o chap._n xxxv_o concern_v judge_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n thus_o far_o of_o the_o several_a tribe_n and_o member_n of_o this_o commonweal_n which_o like_o so_o many_o conduit_n head_n derive_v the_o influence_n of_o government_n through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o this_o island_n and_o in_o every_o of_o which_o judiciary_n power_n act_v itself_o in_o all_o cause_n arise_v within_o the_o verge_n of_o that_o precinct_n some_o of_o which_o have_v more_o extraordinary_a trial_n before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n of_o lord_n according_a as_o the_o party_n concern_v be_v of_o great_a degree_n or_o the_o cause_n of_o more_o public_a concernment_n example_n hereof_o be_v the_o case_n between_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o leoftin_n in_o aetheldreds_n time_n and_o between_o the_o two_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o durham_n in_o edward_n time_n but_o custom_n make_v this_o court_n stoop_v to_o small_a game_n in_o latter_a time_n and_o to_o reach_v at_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o county_n court_n by_o send_v the_o king_n writ_n to_o remove_v certain_a cause_n from_o the_o cognisance_n of_o those_o rural_a judicatories_n to_o their_o sublime_a determination_n 8._o glanvil_n lib._n 6._o cap._n 6_o 7_o 8._o and_o thus_o become_v the_o council_n of_o lord_n as_o a_o oracle_n to_o
and_o as_o at_o tennis_n the_o dane_n and_o bishop_n serve_v each_o other_o with_o the_o fond_a country_n man_n that_o whether_o lord_n dane_n or_o lord_n bishop_n be_v the_o great_a burden_n be_v hard_o to_o be_v determine_v thus_o become_v ambitious_a prelacy_n in_o its_o full_a glory_n and_o the_o poor_a church_n of_o christ_n cloud_v in_o darkness_n and_o little_o hold_v leave_v for_o recovery_n but_o only_o by_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o saxon_a freeman_n which_o the_o dane_n can_v never_o conquer_v not_o for_o want_v of_o will_n or_o power_n but_o of_o time_n and_o occasion_n for_o the_o crown_n return_v to_o the_o saxon_a line_n again_o after_o the_o half_a age_n of_o one_o man_n although_o it_o be_v wear_v by_o three_o so_o god_n will_v have_v it_o nor_o do_v any_o monument_n of_o the_o danish_a government_n remain_v save_v a_o few_o custom_n in_o some_o place_n which_o show_n rather_o that_o the_o dane_n be_v there_o then_o rule_v here_o to_o sum_n up_o all_o the_o saxon_a commonweal_n be_v a_o build_n of_o great_a strength_n downward_o even_o to_o the_o foundation_n arch_v together_o both_o for_o peace_n and_o war_n that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o decenner_n wherein_o justice_n be_v the_o bond_n this_o by_o their_o army_n gather_v not_o by_o promiscuous_a flock_v of_o people_n but_o by_o orderly_a concurrence_n of_o family_n tacitus_n tacitus_n kindred_n and_o decenner_n all_o choose_v their_o own_o leader_n and_o so_o honour_n love_n and_o trust_v conspire_v together_o to_o leave_v no_o man_n life_n in_o danger_n nor_o death_n unrevenged_a it_o be_v a_o beautiful_a composure_n mutual_o dependent_a in_o every_o part_n from_o the_o crown_n to_o the_o cloune_z the_o magistrate_n be_v all_o choice_a man_n and_o the_o king_n the_o choice_a of_o choose_v election_n be_v the_o birth_n of_o esteem_n and_o that_o of_o merit_n this_o breed_v love_n and_o mutual_a trust_n which_o make_v they_o as_o corner-stone_n point_v forward_o to_o break_v the_o wave_n of_o danger_n nor_o be_v other_o reward_n expect_v by_o the_o great_a man_n but_o honour_n and_o admiration_n which_o common_o bring_v a_o return_n of_o act_n of_o renown_n last_o it_o be_v a_o regular_a frame_n in_o every_o part_n square_v and_o make_v even_o by_o law_n which_o in_o the_o people_n rule_v as_o lex_fw-la loquens_fw-la and_o in_o the_o magistrate_n as_o lex_fw-la intelligens_fw-la all_o of_o they_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o judicial_n of_o moses_n thus_o the_o saxon_n become_v somewhat_o like_o the_o jew_n divers_a from_o all_o other_o people_n their_o law_n honourable_a for_o the_o king_n easy_a for_o the_o subject_n and_o their_o government_n above_o all_o other_o like_a unto_o that_o of_o christ_n kingdom_n who_o yoke_n be_v easy_a and_o burden_n light_n but_o their_o motion_n prove_v so_o irregular_a as_o god_n be_v please_v to_o reduce_v they_o by_o another_o way_n chap._n xliv_o of_o the_o norman_a entrance_n thus_o be_v england_n become_v a_o goodly_a farm_n the_o briton_n be_v the_o owner_n the_o saxon_n the_o occupant_n have_v no_o better_a title_n than_o a_o possession_n upon_o a_o forcible_a entry_n with_o a_o continuando_fw-la for_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hundred_o year_n seldom_o quiet_a either_o from_o the_o claim_n and_o disturbance_n of_o the_o restless_a briton_n or_o invade_v dane_n who_o not_o only_o get_v footing_n in_o the_o country_n but_o settle_v in_o the_o throne_n and_o after_o give_v over_o the_o same_o to_o the_o use_n as_o it_o prove_v of_o another_o people_n spring_v from_o the_o wild_a stock_n of_o norway_n and_o thence_o transplant_v into_o a_o mild_a climate_n yet_o scarce_o civilise_v that_o in_o one_o isle_n the_o glory_n of_o god_n bounty_n may_v shine_v forth_o to_o all_o the_o barbarism_n of_o europe_n in_o make_v a_o beautiful_a church_n out_o of_o the_o refuse_n of_o nation_n these_o be_v the_o norman_n out_o of_o the_o continent_n of_o france_n that_o in_o their_o first_o view_n appear_v like_o the_o pillar_n of_o the_o cloud_n with_o terror_n of_o revenge_n upon_o the_o danish_a pride_n the_o saxon_a cruelty_n and_o idolatry_n of_o both_o people_n but_o after_o some_o distance_n show_v like_o the_o pillar_n of_o fire_n clear_v god_n providence_n for_o the_o good_a of_o this_o island_n to_o be_v enjoy_v by_o the_o succeed_a generation_n nor_o be_v this_o do_v by_o revelation_n or_o vision_n but_o by_o overrule_a the_o aspire_a mind_n of_o duke_n william_n of_o normandy_n to_o be_v a_o scourge_n unto_o harold_n for_o his_o usurpation_n and_o unto_o the_o people_n for_o their_o causeless_a desert_v the_o royal_a stem_n yet_o because_o the_o haughty_a spirit_n be_v still_o under_o fame_n and_o opinion_n and_o can_v rest_v without_o pretence_n or_o colour_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n the_o duke_n first_o arm_v himself_o with_o title_n which_o be_v too_o many_o to_o make_v one_o good_a claim_n and_o serve_v rather_o to_o busy_a man_n mind_n with_o muse_v while_o he_o catch_v the_o prey_n then_o settle_v their_o judgement_n in_o approve_v of_o his_o way_n first_o he_o be_v cousin_n german_a to_o the_o confessor_n and_o he_o childless_a and_o thus_o the_o duke_n be_v nigh_o though_o there_o be_v nigh_a than_o he_o but_o the_o worst_a point_n in_o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o duke_n be_v a_o bastard_n and_o so_o by_o the_o saxon_a law_n without_o the_o line_n nor_o be_v there_o other_o salve_n thereto_o but_o the_o norman_a custom_n that_o make_v no_o difference_n so_o as_o the_o duke_n have_v a_o colour_n to_o frame_v a_o title_n though_o england_n have_v no_o law_n to_o allow_v it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o best_a flower_n of_o his_o garland_n when_o he_o mean_v to_o solace_v himself_o with_o the_o english_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o what_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o first_o set_v forth_o to_o the_o world_n in_o his_o charter_n whereby_o he_o advance_v the_o abbey_n of_o ely_n into_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o bishopric_n and_o wherein_o among_o his_o other_o title_n he_o call_v himself_o son_n of_o william_n the_o great_a spicileg_n spicileg_n qui_fw-la edwardo_n regi_fw-la successit_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la but_o if_o that_o come_v short_a he_o have_v the_o bequest_n of_o the_o confessor_n who_o have_v design_v the_o duke_n to_o be_v his_o successor_n and_o this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o principal_o of_o harold_n himself_o 96._o m._n paris_n 1._o an._n brit._n eccles_n 96._o and_o in_o assurance_n thereof_o promise_v his_o sister_n to_o the_o duke_n in_o marriage_n this_o countenance_v a_o double_a title_n one_o by_o legacy_n the_o other_o by_o election_n and_o may_v be_v sufficient_a if_o not_o to_o make_v the_o duke_n title_n just_a yet_o harold_n the_o more_o unjust_a and_o to_o ground_v that_o quarrel_n that_o in_o the_o conclusion_n lay_v the_o duke_n way_n open_a to_o the_o crown_n and_o for_o the_o better_o varnish_v the_o duke_n will_v not_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n he_o refer_v his_o title_n to_o be_v discuss_v at_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o so_o flatter_v the_o pope_n with_o a_o judicatory_a power_n among_o prince_n a_o trick_n of_o the_o new_a stamp_n whereby_o he_o obtain_v sentence_n in_o his_o own_o behalf_n from_o the_o infallible_a chair_n the_o pope_n glad_a hereof_o lay_v up_o this_o among_o his_o treasure_n as_o a_o estoppell_n to_o king_n for_o time_n to_o come_v and_o the_o king_n make_v no_o less_o benefit_n of_o estoppel_n against_o the_o english_a clergy_n that_o otherwise_o may_v have_v oppose_v he_o and_o of_o assurance_n of_o those_o to_o he_o that_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o of_o advantage_n against_o harold_n that_o have_v get_v the_o crown_n sine_fw-la ecclesiastica_fw-la authoritate_fw-la and_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v make_v pope_n alexander_n and_o all_o the_o prelate_n of_o england_n his_o enemy_n 2._o m._n paris_n 2._o but_o if_o all_o fail_v yet_o the_o duke_n have_v now_o a_o just_a cause_n of_o quarrel_n against_o harold_n for_o breach_n of_o oath_n and_o covenant_n 5._o hist_o vit_fw-mi eadm_n 5._o wherein_o if_o harold_n chance_v to_o be_v vanquish_v and_o the_o crown_n offer_v itself_o fair_a he_o may_v without_o breach_n of_o conscience_n or_o modesty_n accept_v thereof_o and_o be_v account_v happy_a in_o the_o find_n and_o wise_a in_o the_o receive_n rather_o than_o unjust_o hardy_a in_o the_o force_n thereof_o and_o this_o may_v occasion_v the_o duke_n to_o challenge_v harold_n to_o single_a combat_n as_o if_o he_o will_v let_v all_o the_o world_n know_v that_o the_o quarrel_n be_v personal_a and_o not_o nationall_n but_o this_o mask_n soon_o fall_v off_o by_o the_o death_n of_o harold_n and_o the_o duke_n must_v now_o explain_v himself_o that_o it_o be_v the_o value_n of_o the_o english_a crown_n and_o not_o the_o title_n that_o bring_v
parliament_n or_o general_a assembly_n of_o wise_a man_n if_o the_o first_o foundation_n be_v not_o lay_v thereon_o work_v upon_o the_o feast_n day_n punish_v by_o fine_a 10_o 4._o commandment_n ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 10_o before_o this_o time_n no_o day_n for_o solemn_a worship_n of_o god_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o lord_n day_n by_o this_o all_o day_n celebrate_v or_o institute_v by_o the_o church_n for_o that_o purpose_n be_v defend_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o holy_a observation_n of_o these_o day_n make_v inquirable_a and_o punish_v among_o other_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n commandment_n 6_o commandment_n breach_n of_o the_o peace_n bloodshed_n and_o man_n slaughter_v punish_v by_o fine_a this_o be_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o be_v continue_v without_o alteration_n till_o about_o alfred_n time_n who_o zeal_n against_o blood_n cause_v murder_n to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n but_o the_o dane_n bring_v in_o a_o moderation_n if_o it_o may_v right_o be_v so_o call_v be_v now_o second_v by_o their_o kindred_n the_o norman_n who_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o punishment_n by_o death_n 67._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 67._o partly_o because_o be_v a_o warlike_a people_n bloodshed_n may_v seem_v to_o rank_n itself_o under_o the_o regiment_n of_o valour_n and_o partly_o because_o they_o owe_v much_o to_o that_o title_n for_o the_o possession_n of_o all_o that_o they_o have_v get_v in_o england_n and_o to_o prevent_v scandal_n enter_v upon_o the_o rear_n opinion_n step_v in_o that_o a_o miserable_a life_n be_v more_o penal_a than_o death_n and_o therefore_o in_o crime_n of_o the_o deep_a die_n they_o will_v to_o fine_a and_o loss_n of_o member_n ibid._n ibid._n and_o which_o course_n prevail_v most_o either_o to_o stop_v or_o enlarge_v the_o course_n of_o that_o sin_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o disposition_n of_o such_o as_o intend_v to_o make_v trial_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o less_o malignancy_n the_o purse_n rather_o smart_v then_o the_o body_n wherein_o they_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o punishment_n of_o death_n by_o violence_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o fine_a to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o mercy_n or_o rigour_n of_o any_o person_n etc._n miror_fw-la 254._o ll._n gulielm_n c._n 8_o 10_o 12_o 13_o etc._n etc._n but_o only_o of_o the_o law_n itself_o which_o set_v down_o in_o certainty_n both_o the_o nature_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o fine_a and_o leave_v that_o memorial_n upon_o record_n of_o a_o good_a mind_n at_o least_o to_o a_o equitable_a and_o just_a government_n in_o all_o these_o case_n of_o breach_n of_o peace_n the_o king_n court_n become_v possess_v of_o the_o right_n of_o cognisance_n and_o the_o peace_n be_v now_o call_v the_o king_n peace_n not_o so_o much_o because_o that_o it_o be_v leave_v only_o to_o his_o providentiall_a care_n to_o maintain_v as_o because_o the_o fine_n 3._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 3._o for_o most_o of_o those_o crime_n pertain_v to_o the_o king_n for_o otherwise_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o crime_n that_o be_v contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la vicecomitis_fw-la as_o will_v be_v more_o clear_v hereafter_o i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o subject_n with_o these_o three_o observation_n first_o that_o the_o law_n in_o those_o ancient_a time_n of_o the_o norman_n be_v so_o general_a as_o they_o then_o make_v no_o difference_n between_o place_n or_o person_n 10._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 10._o but_o whether_o the_o peace_n be_v break_v upon_o holy_a or_o common_a ground_n or_o upon_o a_o layman_n or_o one_o in_o order_n the_o lay_v power_n seize_v upon_o all_o the_o second_o be_v the_o care_n they_o have_v for_o apprehend_v of_o the_o offender_n in_o this_o kind_n if_o the_o party_n slay_v be_v a_o norman_a or_o frenchman_n 53._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 53._o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manslayer_n be_v charge_v to_o have_v he_o forthcoming_a within_o a_o certain_a time_n or_o to_o pay_v the_o king_n fine_a of_o 46_o mark_n so_o long_o as_o he_o have_v wherewith_o to_o satisfy_v and_o what_o remain_v the_o whole_a hundred_o be_v charge_v but_o if_o the_o party_n slay_v be_v of_o any_o other_o people_n 26._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 26._o the_o hundred_o be_v immediate_o charge_v with_o the_o manslayer_n and_o must_v bring_v he_o to_o answer_v within_o a_o certain_a time_n or_o pay_v the_o king_n fine_a the_o three_o and_o last_o be_v the_o care_n they_o have_v to_o prevent_v breach_n of_o peace_n for_o the_o future_a first_o in_o settle_v of_o nightwatche_n by_o all_o city_n burrough_n castle_n and_o hundred_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o sheriff_n or_o chief_a officer_n by_o common_a council_n shall_v advise_v for_o the_o best_a safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 8._o ll._n gulielm_n c._n 56._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 46._o ll._n h._n 1._o cap._n 8._o second_o in_o forbid_v entertainment_n of_o unknown_a person_n above_o three_o day_n without_o surety_n for_o his_o good_a abearance_n or_o become_v his_o pledge_n for_o the_o public_a safety_n nor_o to_o let_v any_o person_n pass_v away_o without_o testimony_n under_o the_o minister_n and_o neighbour_n hand_n of_o their_o good_a carriage_n a_o man_n commit_v adultery_n with_o a_o marry_a woman_n shall_v forfeit_v to_o his_o lord_n the_o price_n of_o his_o life_n commandment_n 7._o commandment_n this_o make_v the_o crime_n inquirable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n as_o a_o offence_n contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la domini_fw-la 14._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 14._o but_o afterward_o it_o be_v finable_a to_o the_o king_n and_o inquirable_a among_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o 10._o will_v hen._n 1._o c._n 10._o force_v upon_o a_o woman_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o ravish_v she_o be_v fineable_a but_o if_o a_o rape_n be_v commit_v 19_o ll._n gul._n c._n 19_o it_o shall_v be_v punish_v with_o loss_n of_o member_n the_o crime_n and_o offence_n against_o this_o commandment_n be_v always_o punish_v in_o the_o temporal_a court_n by_o fine_a at_o the_o least_o and_o be_v still_o in_o the_o norman_n time_n prosecute_v in_o the_o same_o way_n notwithstanding_o the_o grow_a authority_n of_o the_o canon_n commandment_n 8._o commandment_n robbery_n be_v finable_a the_o different_a law_n between_o the_o saxon_n angles_n and_o dane_n now_o by_o the_o norman_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o more_o merciful_a way_n and_o in_o case_n the_o delinquent_n make_v flight_n the_o pledge_n satisfy_v the_o law_n for_o he_o 10._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 4._o glanv_n l._n 6._o c._n 6._o hoveden_n 9_o commandment_n ll._n gulielm_n c._n 57_o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 10._o but_o in_o the_o latter_a time_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o the_o law_n be_v again_o reduce_v to_o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o crime_n by_o death_n and_o so_o have_v continue_v there_o shall_v be_v true_a weight_n and_o measure_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n and_o those_o shall_v be_v seal_v and_o this_o be_v the_o constant_a saxon_n law_n perjury_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o as_o former_o still_o inquirable_a among_o the_o crown_n plea_n chap._n li._n the_o like_a of_o law_n that_o concern_v common_a interest_n of_o good_n if_o cattle_n be_v take_v by_o distress_n the_o party_n that_o will_v replery_n they_o shall_v pay_v for_o the_o return_n of_o the_o cattle_n 6._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 6._o and_o give_v security_n to_o bring_v the_o distress_n into_o the_o court_n if_o within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n it_o be_v demand_v this_o law_n i_o take_v to_o be_v intend_v where_o the_o cattle_n be_v take_v damage_n faisant_fw-fr because_o nothing_o shall_v release_v the_o distress_n in_o other_o case_n but_o obedience_n to_o the_o summons_n no_o distress_n ad_fw-la comparendum_fw-la shall_v be_v take_v but_o after_o three_o several_a summons_n 42._o ll._n guilelm_n c._n 42._o and_o so_o many_o default_n make_v and_o in_o such_o case_n distress_n shall_v issue_v by_o especial_a order_n from_o the_o county_n court_n i_o note_v this_o partly_o to_o show_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o norman_n from_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o delay_n of_o execution_n of_o justice_n by_o so_o much_o mean_a process_n and_o partly_o to_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o norman_a time_n and_o these_o day_n wherein_o man_n cattle_n lie_v open_a to_o the_o distress_n of_o every_o oppress_a or_o extort_v bailiff_n or_o unknown_a person_n and_o no_o summons_n make_v at_o all_o whereby_o many_o poor_a man_n estate_n be_v either_o undo_v or_o they_o must_v submit_v to_o the_o unjust_a demand_n of_o their_o adversary_n no_o manner_n of_o good_n of_o above_o four_o penny_n in_o value_n shall_v be_v buy_v unless_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o four_o witness_n of_o the_o town_n 43._o will_v gulielm_n cap._n 43._o and_o the_o vendor_n shall_v satisfy_v out_o of_o his_o own_o
rule_n for_o government_n i_o remember_v it_o be_v affirm_v by_o some_o of_o those_o ancient_a writer_n that_o the_o duke_n or_o king_n will_v have_v bring_v in_o the_o custom_n of_o norwey_n but_o the_o earnest_a mediation_n of_o the_o english_a prevail_v against_o it_o and_o it_o evince_v two_o thing_n to_o my_o opinion_n first_o that_o there_o be_v question_n make_v what_o law_n shall_v be_v establish_v second_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o interest_n that_o the_o norman_n have_v in_o the_o kingdom_n they_o can_v not_o prevail_v to_o bring_v in_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o their_o law_n or_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o norwey_n which_o be_v not_o only_o the_o prima_fw-la materia_fw-la of_o their_o law_n but_o also_o in_o kind_n have_v a_o settle_n at_o that_o very_a time_n in_o those_o place_n of_o this_o kingdom_n where_o the_o dane_n have_v their_o principal_a seat_n and_o therefore_o not_o altogether_o strange_a to_o the_o saxon_n themselves_o the_o sum_n of_o which_o will_v be_v this_o that_o upon_o debate_v a_o law_n must_v be_v settle_v and_o that_o not_o the_o law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n own_o will_n nor_o the_o law_n that_o suit_v with_o his_o desire_n but_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o unquietness_n of_o some_o of_o the_o english_a bring_v the_o king_n to_o some_o thought_n of_o arbitrary_a rule_n and_o to_o shake_v off_o the_o clog_n of_o saxon_a law_n it_o be_v long_o ere_o it_o stir_v and_o spring_v up_o too_o late_a to_o raise_v the_o title_n of_o conquest_n and_o wither_v too_o soon_o to_o settle_v it_o as_o touch_v the_o change_n of_o custom_n for_o that_o also_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o conqueror_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o some_o alteration_n may_v be_v in_o matter_n of_o small_a consideration_n yet_o be_v the_o writer_n not_o without_o mistake_n in_o the_o particular_a instance_n for_o whereas_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o conqueror_n take_v away_o the_o custom_n of_o gavell_n kind_n and_o bring_v the_o custom_n of_o descent_n to_o the_o elder_a son_n and_o that_o kent_n save_v their_o liberty_n and_o continue_v this_o custom_n of_o gavell_n kind_n i_o shall_v not_o contend_v about_o the_o liberty_n of_o kent_n but_o must_v till_o i_o see_v better_a reason_n hold_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o change_n of_o inheritance_n to_o be_v a_o mere_a conceit_n for_o beside_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v concern_v that_o custom_n of_o gavell_n kind_n if_o we_o believe_v glanvile_n the_o difference_n be_v between_o land_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n 3._o lib._n 7._o cap._n 3._o and_o in_o socage_n the_o first_o of_o which_o in_o his_o time_n by_o ancient_a custom_n always_o descend_v to_o the_o elder_a and_o those_o land_n that_o be_v hold_v in_o socage_n if_o not_o partible_a by_o custom_n in_o which_o case_n they_o go_v equal_o to_o all_o the_o son_n go_v by_o custom_n in_o some_o place_n to_o the_o elder_a in_o other_o place_n to_o the_o young_a so_o as_o the_o rule_n of_o inheritance_n in_o the_o norman_a time_n be_v custom_n as_o well_o as_o in_o former_a time_n and_o furthermore_o if_o the_o custom_n of_o gavell_n kind_n have_v be_v the_o general_a custom_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o king_n by_o his_o change_n have_v contradict_v his_o own_o prerogative_n and_o grant_v as_o great_a a_o liberty_n to_o his_o subject_n as_o can_v have_v be_v invent_v for_o have_v the_o custom_n of_o gavell_n kind_n happen_v upon_o the_o land_n in_o knight_n service_n it_o have_v bring_v all_o the_o son_n under_o the_o law_n of_o wardship_n and_o have_v make_v a_o ready_a way_n to_o enthral_v all_o man_n of_o worth_n and_o undo_v all_o husbandry_n the_o first_o whereof_o have_v be_v as_o advantageous_a to_o the_o king_n private_a interest_n as_o both_o destructive_a to_o the_o public_a nor_o be_v it_o clear_a from_o any_o author_n of_o credit_n that_o the_o norman_n change_v the_o tenor_n of_o land_n albeit_o that_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o such_o land_n as_o he_o have_v by_o forfeiture_n or_o otherwise_o be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n to_o dispose_v upon_o what_o tenure_n he_o please_v for_o as_o well_o before_o the_o norman_n time_n as_o long_o after_o tenor_n be_v like_a as_o the_o service_n be_v all_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o donor_n and_o be_v of_o as_o many_o individual_n almost_o as_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o owner_n some_o be_v of_o more_o general_a regard_n and_o public_a use_n littlet_n littlet_n be_v record_v among_o the_o ground_n of_o english_a law_n none_o of_o which_o appear_v to_o i_o to_o be_v of_o norman_a original_a although_o they_o receive_v their_o name_n according_a to_o that_o dialect_n the_o next_o thing_n object_v be_v the_o change_n of_o language_n which_o thing_n some_o writer_n tell_v we_o the_o king_n endeavour_v or_o which_o be_v worse_o to_o be_v so_o absolute_a as_o to_o be_v absolute_a tyrant_n and_o to_o publish_v law_n in_o a_o foreign_a language_n that_o the_o people_n through_o ignorance_n may_v the_o rather_o transgress_v and_o thereby_o forfeit_v their_o estate_n this_o if_o true_a so_o far_o differ_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o conqueror_n as_o rather_o prove_v that_o he_o be_v put_v to_o his_o shift_n nevertheless_o the_o thing_n taste_v so_o much_o of_o spleen_n as_o it_o may_v occasion_v distrust_n of_o other_o relation_n concern_v this_o subject_n for_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v nonsense_n for_o a_o conqueror_n to_o entitle_v himself_o by_o a_o cheat_n where_o he_o have_v a_o elder_a title_n by_o conquest_n i_o shall_v in_o full_a answer_n to_o that_o calumny_n insert_v a_o passage_n of_o a_o historian_n that_o be_v in_o the_o continual_a view_n of_o public_a affair_n in_o those_o time_n who_o speak_v of_o the_o conqueror_n say_v that_o he_o commend_v the_o confessor_n law_n to_o his_o justice_n in_o the_o same_o language_n wherein_o they_o be_v wont_v former_o to_o be_v write_v ingulfus_n ingulfus_n lest_o through_o ignorance_n the_o people_n may_v rash_o offend_v and_o another_o author_n say_v gulielm_n m._n paris_n fragm_n gulielm_n that_o the_o king_n have_v a_o desire_n to_o learn_v the_o english_a tongue_n that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o know_v their_o law_n and_o judge_v according_a thereto_o it_o be_v probable_a nevertheless_o that_o the_o law_n be_v in_o the_o norman_a tongue_n and_o it_o be_v no_o less_o likely_a that_o the_o plead_n in_o real_a action_n especial_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o language_n else_o must_v the_o norman_n be_v put_v to_o school_v to_o learn_v english_a upon_o peril_n of_o loss_n of_o their_o estate_n but_o that_o either_o the_o write_a law_n be_v whole_o conclude_v into_o the_o norman_a tongue_n or_o that_o the_o public_a plead_n of_o cause_n by_o word_n of_o mouth_n in_o all_o action_n where_o the_o issue_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o country_n be_v in_o any_o other_o language_n than_o english_a no_o advise_a reader_n will_v conceive_v see_v it_o have_v be_v a_o madness_n for_o a_o english_a jury_n to_o pass_v their_o verdict_n in_o any_o case_n wherein_o its_o likely_a many_o of_o they_o understand_v scarce_o a_o syllable_n of_o the_o norman_a language_n much_o less_o ought_v of_o the_o matter_n upon_o which_o their_o verdict_n shall_v be_v ground_v add_v hereunto_o that_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a but_o the_o conqueror_n inhibit_v the_o use_n of_o the_o english_a language_n in_o all_o matter_n of_o public_a record_n in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o charter_n make_v by_o he_o to_o corporate_a town_n and_o franchise_n be_v sometime_o in_o the_o saxon_a more_o general_o in_o the_o latin_a but_o seldom_o or_o never_o in_o the_o norman_a dialect_n and_o that_o plead_n and_o indictment_n be_v enter_v in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n as_o former_o by_o a_o old_a custom_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o clergy_n be_v use_v for_o the_o clergy_n who_o have_v get_v the_o key_n of_o knowledge_n and_o law_n into_o their_o own_o custody_n lay_v it_o up_o in_o that_o language_n whereof_o the_o commons_o have_v little_a knowledge_n that_o they_o may_v thereby_o be_v enforce_v to_o depend_v upon_o these_o man_n for_o justice_n as_o well_o as_o for_o piety_n the_o norman_n therefore_o either_o find_v it_o too_o hard_a to_o alter_v the_o former_a custom_n in_o such_o case_n or_o else_o think_v it_o the_o wise_a way_n to_o choose_v the_o latin_a as_o a_o three_o language_n indifferent_a as_o well_o to_o the_o norman_n as_o saxon_n and_o best_a understand_v of_o any_o foreign_a tongue_n beside_o and_o yet_o endeavour_v to_o bring_v both_o people_n into_o one_o language_n as_o they_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v one_o people_n and_o to_o press_v the_o use_n of_o the_o norman_a tongue_n in_o public_a affair_n so_o far_o as_o may_v consist_v with_o good_a government_n and_o justice_n leave_v
the_o clergyman_n then_o his_o richard_n be_v yet_o a_o great_a burden_n his_o reign_n be_v troublesome_a to_o he_o and_o he_o deserve_v it_o for_o from_o the_o begin_n thereof_o to_o the_o end_n can_v never_o the_o guilt_n of_o his_o disobedience_n to_o his_o father_n be_v blot_v out_o but_o it_o be_v more_o troublesome_a to_o the_o people_n because_o it_o cost_v so_o much_o treasure_n be_v manage_v by_o such_o ill_a governor_n except_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o be_v unsuccesfull_a in_o most_o of_o his_o undertake_n yet_o never_o invade_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o commons_o by_o any_o face_n of_o prerogative_n but_o what_o want_v in_o he_o be_v make_v complete_a and_o run_v over_o in_o his_o successor_n john_n who_o to_o speak_v in_o the_o most_o moderate_a sense_n of_o his_o government_n be_v give_v over_o to_o himself_o when_o he_o be_v not_o himself_o rob_v the_o lord_n of_o their_o authority_n bereave_v the_o church_n of_o its_o right_n tread_v under_o foot_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n waste_v his_o own_o prerogative_n and_o have_v bring_v all_o thing_n into_o despair_n come_v a_o desperate_a cure_n the_o head_n be_v cut_v off_o to_o save_v the_o body_n and_o a_o precedent_n leave_v for_o they_o that_o listen_v to_o take_v it_o up_o in_o future_a age_n and_o thus_o that_o which_o steven_n give_v henry_n the_o second_o lose_v richard_n the_o first_o will_v not_o regain_v and_o john_n can_v not_o and_o so_o all_o be_v gainer_n but_o the_o crown_n chap._n lxi_o of_o judicature_n the_o court_n and_o their_o judge_n it_o be_v no_o silent_a argument_n that_o the_o commons_o gain_v where_o law_n grow_v into_o course_n and_o it_o be_v the_o lot_n of_o these_o troublesome_a time_n to_o lay_v a_o foundation_n of_o a_o constant_a government_n such_o as_o all_o man_n may_v learn_v which_o former_o be_v lay_v up_o only_o in_o the_o breast_n of_o wise_a experience_a man_n the_o two_o most_o considerable_a point_n in_o government_n be_v the_o law_n and_o the_o execution_n the_o latter_a be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o former_a and_o that_o of_o the_o commonweal_n i_o say_v not_o that_o the_o law_n be_v augment_v in_o the_o body_n of_o it_o or_o that_o the_o execution_n have_v a_o free_a course_n than_o in_o the_o best_a of_o the_o former_a time_n but_o both_o be_v more_o and_o more_o clear_v to_o the_o world_n in_o many_o particular_n as_o well_o touch_v matter_n concern_v practice_n of_o the_o law_n as_o touch_v rule_n of_o righteousness_n for_o the_o first_o whereof_o we_o be_v behold_v to_o glanvile_n in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n and_o for_o the_o latter_a to_o king_n john_n or_o rather_o the_o baron_n in_o his_o time_n in_o the_o publish_n of_o the_o grand_a charter_n or_o a_o enumeration_n of_o the_o liberty_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n derive_v from_o the_o saxon_n revive_v continue_a and_o confirm_v by_o the_o norman_n and_o their_o successor_n which_o for_o the_o present_a i_o shall_v leave_v in_o lance_n dubio_fw-la to_o stand_v or_o fall_v till_o occasion_n shall_v be_v of_o clear_v the_o point_n in_o regard_n that_o king_n john_n soon_o repent_v of_o his_o oath_n the_o bond_n of_o his_o consent_n and_o to_o heal_v the_o wound_n get_v the_o pope_n pardon_n and_o blessing_n thereupon_o so_o easy_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v for_o a_o son_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n to_o pass_v for_o a_o good_a catholic_a in_o a_o unrighteous_a way_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n be_v do_v in_o several_a court_n according_a to_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o affair_n whereof_o some_o concern_v matter_n of_o crime_n &_o penalty_n and_o this_o touch_v the_o king_n honour_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o person_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o subject_n and_o therefore_o be_v say_v to_o be_v contra_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o second_o sort_n concern_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o treasure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o three_o concern_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o people_n these_o three_o work_n be_v appoint_v unto_o three_o several_a court_n who_o have_v their_o several_a judge_n especial_o appoint_v to_o that_o work_n original_o they_o be_v in_o one_o viz._n in_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n the_o court_n of_o lord_n whereof_o former_o be_v speak_v but_o after_o through_o increase_n of_o affair_n by_o they_o depute_v or_o commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o several_a man_n that_o be_v man_n of_o skill_n in_o such_o affair_n and_o yet_o retain_v the_o supremacy_n in_o all_o such_o cause_n still_o and_o because_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o public_a treasure_n be_v of_o more_o public_a regard_n then_o the_o other_o the_o deputation_n thereof_o be_v commit_v probable_o to_o some_o of_o their_o own_o member_n gloss_n gloss_n who_o in_o those_o day_n be_v baron_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o afterward_o retain_v the_o title_n but_o not_o the_o degree_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v for_o distinction_n sake_n baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o particular_a time_n of_o these_o deputation_n appear_v not_o clear_o out_o of_o any_o monument_n of_o antiquity_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v clear_a to_o i_o that_o it_o be_v before_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n as_o well_o because_o henry_n the_o first_o have_v his_o judex_n fiscalis_fw-la 24._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c_o 24._o as_o glanvile_n so_o frequent_o touch_v upon_o the_o king_n court_n of_o plea_n which_o can_v be_v intend_v at_o the_o court_n of_o lord_n for_o that_o in_o those_o day_n be_v never_o summon_v but_o in_o time_n of_o parliament_n or_o some_o other_o special_a occasion_n but_o more_o principal_o because_o the_o historian_n speak_v of_o the_o judge_n itinerant_a recite_v some_o to_o be_v of_o the_o common_a plea_n hoveden_n hoveden_n which_o show_v that_o there_o be_v in_o those_o day_n a_o distinction_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o judicature_n and_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v conceive_v that_o this_o distinction_n of_o judicature_n be_v by_o advice_n of_o the_o parliament_n after_o that_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o lord_n be_v lay_v aside_o by_o king_n and_o a_o privy_a council_n take_v up_o unto_o who_o can_v not_o regular_o belong_v any_o juridical_a power_n because_o that_o remain_v original_o in_o the_o grand_a assembly_n of_o the_o lord_n over_o these_o court_n or_o two_o of_o they_o one_o man_n have_v the_o prime_a title_n of_o chief_a justice_n who_o then_o be_v call_v lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o who_o office_n be_v much_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n in_o all_o cause_n and_o place_n as_o well_o in_o war_n as_o peace_n and_o sometime_o be_v appoint_v to_o one_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o have_v the_o name_n only_o of_o that_o part_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o other_o part_n the_o greatness_n of_o this_o office_n be_v such_o as_o the_o man_n for_o necessity_n of_o state_n be_v continual_o resident_a at_o the_o court_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o king_n court_n be_v much_o attend_v by_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n which_o prove_v in_o after_o time_n as_o grievous_a to_o the_o king_n as_o it_o be_v burdensome_a to_o the_o people_n other_o judge_n there_o be_v which_o be_v choose_v for_o their_o learning_n and_o experience_n most_o of_o they_o be_v of_o the_o clergy_n as_o be_v also_o the_o under_o officer_n of_o those_o court_n for_o those_o time_n be_v rome_n hour_n and_o the_o power_n of_o darkness_n other_o court_n also_o be_v in_o the_o country_n and_o be_v vicontiel_n or_o cours_n of_o sheriff_n and_o lord_n of_o hundred_o and_o corporation_n and_o lordship_n as_o former_o and_o these_o be_v settle_v in_o some_o place_n hoveden_n hoveden_n but_o other_o there_o be_v which_o werr_v itinerant_a over_o which_o certain_a judge_n preside_v which_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o lord_n and_o send_v by_o commission_n from_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n then_o divide_v into_o six_o circuit_n unto_o each_o of_o which_o be_v assign_v three_o justice_n so_o as_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o justice_n than_o be_v eighteen_o the_o office_n be_v before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o saxon_n over_o hither_o but_o the_o assignation_n be_v new_a as_o also_o be_v their_o oath_n for_o they_o be_v swear_v but_o the_o number_n continue_v not_o long_o for_o within_o four_o year_n the_o king_n redivide_v the_o land_n into_o four_o circuit_n and_o unto_o each_o circuit_n assign_v five_o justice_n make_v in_o the_o whole_a the_o number_n of_o twenty_o and_o one_o justice_n for_o the_o northern_a circuit_n have_v six_o justice_n which_o the_o king_n make_v justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n 445._o hoveden_n 337._o ibid._n 445._o neither_o yet_o do_v the_o first_o commission_n continue_v so_o long_o