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A07781 A notable treatise of the church in vvhich are handled all the principall questions, that haue bene moued in our time concerning that matter. By Philip of Mornay, Lord of Plessis Marlyn, gentleman of Fraunce. And translated out of French into English by Io. Feilde.; Traicté de l'église. English Mornay, Philippe de, seigneur du Plessis-Marly, 1549-1623.; Fielde, John, d. 1588. 1579 (1579) STC 18159; ESTC S107520 167,479 400

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vs wherein it consisted If they can not then it followeth that all the Apostles were ministeriall foundations as well as he and not founded vpon him and so likewise must it be of all the Churches which were founded by them as Saint Ierome saith vpon the seconde Chapter to the Galatians And according to this S. Paul saith that the faythfull are buylded vpon the foundation of the Prophetes and Apostles Christ being the chiefe corner stone And he gloryeth that he had preached the Gospel in many places without buylding vpon the foundation of any other Saint Iohn likewise That the Citie of God is set vpon twelue foundations wherein are the names of the twelue Apostles of the Lambe Whereof it followeth that all the Apostles are the foundation of the Church aswell one as another and moreouer that Saint Paul hath buylded without any foundation not building vpon Peters ministerie or else the Peter was not that foundation Againe we demaunde of them if this ministerie consist not in the edifying of the Church by the preaching of the Gospel Forasmuch as the Apostles which were all preachers of saluation in Christ were therein master buylders and all they are buylders which buylde vpon the foundations which were layd by them vpon that liuing rocke Nowe if they were all master buylders why then Saint Peter was not the foundation for he coulde not be both the foundation and a master buylder both together It followeth in the selfe same place Tibi dabo c. I will giue thee the keyes of the kingdome of heauen That which thou shalt binde in earth c. Of this text we further drawe two contrary propositions Theirs is Christ hath giuen here to Peter alone the keyes of the kingdome of heauen and so consequently to the Bishop of Rome and to his successours Ours contrariewise is that Christ here hath promised the keyes to all in the name of Peter and hath giuen them to all his Apostles and after them to all those which lawefully exercise the Ministerie of his Gospel If we knowe what is meant by the keyes and what it is to binde and to loose it wil be easie for vs to iudge whether of these two propositions be true Christe Iesus pronounceth Wo be to you Doctors of the lawe because you haue taken away the keye of knowledge ye haue not entred in your selues and those which woulde wyllyngly haue entred in ye haue forbidden Nowe these Doctours were those who had charge to teach the worde of god These keyes then are no other thing but the charge to preache the kyngdome of heauen and to open the gate thereof by the preaching of the Gospel And concernyng byndyng and loosing Saint Iohn expoundeth what they meāt by these wordes to retayne and to remit sinnes the which is not done but in preaching the forgiuenesse of sinnes displayed in Iesus Christe to all those that beleeue the preaching of the Gospel The keyes then is the charge to preach the woorde to bynde and to loose is the effect of this word which to one sorte turneth to their saluatiō to the other to their greater damnation Whereupon Saint Paul calleth his Ministerie The Ministerie and word of reconciliation and else where The Ministerie of vengeaunce vpon the disobedient which Esai before had called the acceptable yeere of the LORD and the daye of vengeaunce Nowe forasmuch as no one alone can exercise this Ministerie in euerie place nor towards all It followeth therefore that one alone can not haue these keyes nor this charge of byndyng and loosyng which by the comming of Christie extendeth it selfe to all places They demaunde then wherefore it was saye to Peter I will giue thee IESUS Christe had sayde vnto all Whome thinke ye that I am And he in the name of all had answered Thou art Christ c. And therefore in his name he promiseth to all his Church the power of the keyes which he promiseth also afterwardes to all in the eyghtenth Chapter and after his resurrection deliuered them to all the Apostles equally and without any difference in these wordes Receiue the holy Ghost To all those to whom you shall remit their sinnes they shal be remitted c. That then that was promised here in these wordes I will giue vnto thee c. and not I doe giue thee which sheweth the time to come was then fully accomplished universally to all as in the person of Peter it was there promised to all To be short If as Saint Gregorie saith Saint Peter was not head of the Apostles til it was after his repentance in vaine then do they vpon this place trouble their braine pretending that by that place this power was giuen vnto him And if they will say that the same was meāt there by the keyes promised vnto him by the deliuerance of the keyes which was after his repentance giuen vnto all we conclude that they were here promised vnto all The which we saye not to the ende to derogate any thing from S. Peter whose readines to confesse the sonne of God and zeale toward our Sauiour was incomparable but to discouer the subtiltie of the Pope and of his poleshorne generation that of the keye of knowledge giuen to Saint Peter hath made a key of power and of the preaching of the worde a tyranny ouer all the princes and people of the earth and of the kingdome of heauen a temporall monarchie notwithstanding that there is nothing more cōtrarie to the whole doctrine that Christ hath taught his Apostles As for the auncient doctors they haue vnderstoode it no otherwise then we doe Saynt Cyprian Our Lord in the person of one man gaue the keyes to all to shewe the vnitie of all The others neuerthelesse were euen the same that Peter vvas companions in like equal honour in equall povver but he vvould begin by one man to shevv that the Church is one Saynt Hierome expounding this selfe same place The ignorant Bishops and elders sayth he tooke hereby occasion to vsurpe I know not what maner of Pharisaicall authoritie thinking that they had power to bynd and loose at their pleasure But to bind loose ought to be no other thing but to declare by the word of God Gods sentence Beholde then the Pope in the stead of Cephas a Caiphas euen by the difinitiue sentēce of S. Hierom a minister of the Romane Church And else where All the Apostles had one the selfe same iudicial povver For Christ after his resurrection sayth vnto them Receiue the holy Ghost vvhose sinnes ye shal remitte they shal be remitted in heauen c. All the Church likevvise in his elders Bishops but specially Peter receiued it to the ende that euery one should vnderstand that he that separateth himselfe from the vnitie of faith cannot be absolued from his sinnes nor enter into heauen He sayth from the vnitie of fayth not from the vnitie of Peter nor
from the vnitie of the Bishop of Rome Also the elders ministers of the Gospell haue the same right office which the priestes of the lawe had in the case of those that were Lepers They remitte then or holde sinnes according as they iudge shewe that they are remitted or holdē before god Saint Augustine The Lord calleth the keyes of the kingdome of heauen the knowledge and vertue to discerne those who are worthy to be receyued or else to be shut out of the kingdom Now howsoeuer it semeth at the first sight that he gaue this povver to Peter alone yet vve must acknovvledge vvithout all doubt that he hath giuen it to all the Apostles as it appeareth after his resurrection vvhen he sayth vnto them That vvhich ye remit in earth c. Also It is sayd vnto him I vvill giue thee the keyes as though that povver had bene giuen to him alone but as he ansvvered for al so he likevvise receyued the keyes together vvith all as bearing the person of the vnitie He is named therefore alone for all forasmuch as there vvas vnitie amongst all And therefore Augustines ordinarie maner of speache is that in Peters person the keyes are promised to all and in the person of all them to all the Ministers of the Church Leo the Bishoppe of Rome at the time that this question was handled disputing with the Byshops of Constantinople although in his workes he hath left sufficient shewe of the traces of ambition yet he speaketh not otherwise thereof This povver sayth he of the keyes is likevvise passed ouer to all the Apostles and transferred to all the gouernours of the Church And in that it is particularly recommended vnto Peter it is because the example of Peter is set forth to all the gouernors of the Church In euery place therfore where men iudge according to the equitie of Peter there Peters priuiledge is founde but contrariwise it hath no place where Peters equitie is not found Hitherto then we find not the keyes of power but of knowledge only to wit the ministerie of the Gospell the which is common to al ministers and so likewise are the keyes which are thereto annexed This is that which is repeated by Gratian in the Decretals That Saynt Peter receiued no more povver then the other Apostles and by the chiefest Canonists in the Decretalles themselues That the povver of bynding and loosing in vvhich is founded al the iurisdiction of the Church proceedeth immediatly from Christ not immediatly frō S. Peter or his successors the which also Cardinal Cusan maintained in the time of the Council of Constance against those which alledged the key of power pretended by the Pope But let vs go yet somwhat farther They holde that the power of bynding and loosing is practised principally in their sacrament of Penance when their priest inioyneth satisfaction and afterwards giueth absolution to those that haue satisfied Nowe I demaund of them whether it be God that forgiueth or the priest that giueth absolution They will saye it is God that forgiueth and that the priest by his worde doth declare it the which the master of the sentences prooueth very wel by many places drawen out of the auncient Fathers in his fourth booke following that which Chrysostom saith that in these things Neither man Angel nor Archangel cā do any thing And in very deede this is an assured Maxim of Christian religion as he there sayth That none can take avvay sinnes but Iesus Christ alone vvho is the lambe that hath borne the sinnes of the vvorld Now if God be he which bindeth looseth I demaund what more power can remaine in the Pope who doeth neyther the one nor the other And whether we may not come to the conclusion of Marsilius of Padua That the Pope cārelease no more neither from the punishment nor frō the fault then any other poore priest Also If God then exercise his authoritie as Saint Ambrose saith and the priest his knovveledge in doing his office by the key of discretion What shall remaine for the Pope to do vnlesse he will breake in vpon the authoritie of God what key remaines for him not hauing any office to exercise vnlesse it be the key of indiscretion To conclude then the interpretation of this place of S. Marthew according to the force of the wordes the conference of the scriptures the analogie or proportiō of faith the opinion of the aunciēt Doctors the Canōs thēselues of the Romish church Iesus Christ is the stone or rather the liuely rocke vpō which the Church is founded by the ministery of the Apostles who were no other but master Masons To this church which is one vnder the name of Peter who answered for all the power of the keyes was promised to open the gate of the kingdome of heauen to all those which obey the preaching of the gospel Al they which exercise the ministery of the Gospel haue these keys so farre forth as their ministery extends it cannot be attributed to thē that do not exercise any whereof it ensueth that it is so farre of that the Pope should haue thē alone or al the rest frō him that the poorest priest doing his dutie in his parish hath thē better thē he And if because this word was spoken to Peter they wil restraine this place to Peters person I say then that it is rashly done of thē to extend to all the Bishops of Rome that which was spoken to Peter Or if they wil be yet of this tough opiniō thē they must permit that these words Come behinde me Sathan thou art an offence vnto me which follow in the verses next after spokē to Pet. alone must be vnderstood of him al his pretended successors wherof must folow this special priuiledge that the successors of Peter none others may become deuils that the Church of Rome is becōe in Christēdome the stone of offence because for taking care for nothing but the great things of the world it hath forsaken those which are of God. They make an argument afterwardes by another place Ioh. 21 it is sayde three times to S. Peter Louest thou me then feede my sheepe Therefore he was vniuersal pastor of the Church If they concluded he is cōmaunded to feed therefore he was a pastor of the flocke of Christ the cōclusion were good But that therfore he was an vniuersal pastor or the pastor of pastors there is nothing in the text from whēce they may fetch it To feede sayth their owne glose vpon that word is to teach by word by example not to gouerne ouer al the world How it was said to all the Apostles Teach go ye into the whole world Also Euen as my father sent me so send I you Therefore it was said vnto all Feede my sheep S. Paul saith in many places That he is the Apostle of the Gētiles
good And thereupon euery man began to bye saluation of him which the onely bloud of Iesus Christ had purchased for vs and no other thing could purchase it If thou hadst committed all the faultes in the worlde thou mightest haue had recourse to the Popes pardones and indulgences All offences euen to murthers incestes Sodomitries were taxed and set at a certaine summe of money and paying that the Pope would giue you full remission thereof This pardon was ratified and deliuered to him that would giue most and the booke of taxes doth confirme it which was imprinted by their owne consent before the light of the Gospell was made cleare agayne in these last ages These indulgences they solde first to certaine persons and after to families and afterwardes to townes And after they were sold to common wealths and whole kingdomes without exception of any persons yea for the terme of foure thousande yeeres of true pardon The doctrine of Christ was He that shall beleeue in me shall haue remission of sinnes That of the Popes Hee that shall giue mee money there shall be no hell for him If he had any enemy he sent him to hell bounde hande and foote yea whole kingdomes and nations If you desired paradise he commaunded the Angelles to carry you thither and all your parentes and friendes as appeareth by the Bull of Clement the fift for the knightes of the order of S. Iohn at Hierusalem If any feared purgatorie hauing committed all the mischiefes in the worlde yea hauing lien with the virgin Marie as the preachers of the pardons in Germany say assoone as one hath cast siluer into the basen their soules were by and by set at libertie therefrō Yea they came so farre and the bookes of the Popes doctors doe seale it that one disputed in the schooles that the Pope had power vtterly to abolish and to quenche the fyre of purgatory yea more that the Pope was more mercifull then Iesus Christ seeing we reade not in the scripture that he deliuered any person from the paines of purgatorie whereas the Pope through his mercie deliuereth euerie daye an infinit number out of it They that yet cleaue vnto him if they reade this they will wonder and hardly be brought to beleeue this because that after Antichrist was opened to the worlde he hath endeuoured to hyde his hornes But the learned haue read and maye reade and those that are aged haue seene and the bookes are yet extant and in vse that euerie one may see Yea but some will saye In the middest of Poperie men haue alwaies beleeued the true God and they haue alwayes taught that Iesus Christ is God the eternal sonne of God and the doctrine of the Trinitie was alwaies amongst them entire sound c. Ha I pray you what auaileth it a sinner to knowe that there is one God a ryghteous iudge but alwayes to feele a hel And what shall it auaile him that knoweth that Christe the sonne of God came into the worlde to conuince it of sinne vnlesse he knowe likewise that through his death he hath deliuered all those that beleeue in him from euerlasting death and that he hath ouercome the Deuill and abolished hell for him The onely ende of the comming of Christ was the office of the mediatourship betwixt Gods ryghteousnesse and mens sinnes And he that taketh to him selfe or transferreth to any other the office of this mediation he abolisheth the commyng of Christe Nowe I demaunde who this is but he that is crowned with the triple crowne worshipped of Kyngs and Princes that openeth heauen and shutteth hell that kyndleth and quencheth purgatorie as he thinkes good But let vs goe further Iesus Christ hath left vnto vs two Sacraments for the badges and markes of his The Pope will haue his Sacramēts markes apart by himself and in greater number And to the ende that his may be more estemed then Christes he hath prophaned them with all kinde of prophanations We holde baptisme as an entraunce into the couenaunt of God. He hath applyed it to Belles in mockery and hath enwrapped it with infinit superstitions But which is more to aduaunce himselfe aboue Christ he hath taught by his Doctors that the same grace which descendeth vpon him that is baptized descendeth also vpon him which taketh a monkes habite That this habite giues him full remission both from the trespas and punishment of all his former sinnes which is more then that of originall sinne and that so often as there commeth vnto him but an instinct or purpose alwayes to continue in this habite it is to him as a newe baptisme Concerning the supper which is the communion of the body and blood of Christ he hath taken the one halfe from the people contrary to the expresse institutiō of Christ the continuall vsage of the Church for the space of a thousand yeeres He hath taught that he may change abolishe the Sacraments of Christ institute newe he hath turned the Supper of our Lorde into such abominable idolatrie as amongst the Painims Heathen was neuer seene the like After new mediatours a new Christ new Sacramentes what remayneth there further but a new Gospel Nowe about the yeere one thousand one hundred nynetie and two they made a newe Gospel vnder the name of a Carmelite named Cyrillus by the which they taught That God the father gouerned in the time of the law the Sonne in the time of grace but now by the cōming of the foure orders of mendicants or begging friers the holy Ghost began to reigne should reigne til the end of the world and that they onely which beleeued this newe Gospel shoulde be saued And had not the LORD by his infinite mercie stirred vp the Waldenses and certayne other good people to resist this monster no doubt there had not bin any more mentiō of Christ in the world I omit a thousād other false doctrines which men may reade else where onely contenting my selfe to haue shewed that the Pope hath turned Christians away from Christe asmuch as he coulde for his life and abolished the fruite of his comming which is the proper and peculiar office of Antichrist Now if so be it the Christiā Church be not otherwise ioyned with Christ then by his office of mediation as the body is to the head by the necke what could Antichrist do more then to take the Church by the throte strangle it Concerning the Iewes the Turkes wherof the one sort for hauing bin so long without Prophets and the other for the ridiculous and foolish doctrine of their Alcoran might haue bene conuerted to the true Christ they haue seene such impietie in Popes and in their courts such contempt of religion among them of theyr owne coate and such outragious Idolatrie amongst Christians that both the one and the other among whome nothing is more expressely forbidden then Idolatrie haue had thereby Christiā