of_o that_o great_a trade_n for_o ship_n employ_v for_o importation_n of_o timber_n mast_n board_n and_n pipes-stave_n into_o these_o three_o kingdom_n to_o be_v do_v only_o by_o his_o majesty_n be_v subject_n and_o not_o by_o any_o stranger_n will_v in_o a_o very_a few_o year_n much_o increase_n the_o stock_n of_o england_n 5._o prevention_n of_o the_o exportation_n of_o our_o wool_n and_o encourage_a our_o woollen_a manufacture_n 6._o encourage_v and_o increase_v our_o fish_v trade_n which_o how_o that_o be_v only_o to_o be_v do_v be_v beforementioned_a 7._o to_o set_v up_o the_o linen_n rather_o than_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n in_o ireland_n and_o give_v extraordinary_a encouragement_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o first_o undertaker_n 8._o to_o encourage_v those_o trade_n most_o that_o vent_v most_o of_o our_o manufacture_n or_o supply_v 〈◊〉_d with_o material_n to_o be_v further_o manufacture_v in_o england_n or_o else_o such_o as_o furnish_v we_o with_o commodity_n for_o the_o 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as_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v the_o french_a king_n have_v very_o late_o do_v in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o his_o dominion_n it_o will_v wonderful_o increase_v our_o navigation_n and_o in_o consequence_n our_o people_n as_o well_o as_o our_o domestic_a and_o foreign_a trade_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v much_o better_a for_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n then_o particular_a free_a port_n and_o if_o only_o such_o foreign_a good_n as_o shall_v be_v load_v outward_o on_o english_a ship_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o indulgence_n it_o will_v be_v much_o the_o more_o effication_n as_o to_o our_o main_n concern_v viz._n the_o increase_n and_o improvement_n of_o our_o english_a navigation_n 3_o d._n general_n rule_n to_o make_v trade_n easy_a and_o necessary_a and_o thereby_o to_o make_v it_o our_o interest_n to_o trade_n 1._o to_o make_v trade_n easy_a a_o law_n for_o transferrance_n of_o bill_n of_o debt_n will_v do_v much_o as_o before_o 2._o to_o make_v trade_n easy_a a_o court-merchant_n will_v do_v much_o as_o before_o in_o that_o chapter_n 3._o take_v of_o the_o burden_n of_o trade_n whereof_o one_o be_v the_o great_a trouble_n and_o delay_n in_o receive_v back_o our_o impost_n at_o the_o customhouse_n and_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o fee_n to_o searcher_n waitor_n etc._n etc._n 4._o reduce_v interest_n of_o money_n to_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n will_v make_v trade_n easy_a to_o the_o borrower_n and_o to_o make_v it_o necessary_a it_o be_v the_o onum_fw-la magnum_fw-la as_o before_o be_v say_v for_o while_o we_o that_o be_v merchant_n can_v so_o easy_o turn_v gentleman_n by_o buy_v land_n for_o less_o than_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v let_v no_o man_n expect_v that_o if_o we_o thrive_v we_o will_v drudge_n all_o our_o day_n in_o trade_n or_o if_o we_o will_v to_o be_v sure_a our_o son_n will_v not_o 5._o to_o make_v trade_n easy_a and_o wool_n rise_v which_o be_v always_o aim_v at_o by_o our_o parliament_n nothing_o will_v conduce_v so_o much_o in_o 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unmanned_v two_o or_o three_o time_n in_o a_o voyage_n before_o they_o can_v get_v they_o clear_v into_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o holland_n 4_o the_o general_a rule_n to_o make_v it_o the_o interest_n of_o other_o nation_n to_o trade_n with_o we_o 1._o be_v in_o a_o good_a condition_n of_o strength_n at_o home_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o navy_n and_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o military_a preparation_n for_o defence_n and_o offence_n upon_o just_a occasion_n give_v will_v render_v we_o wise_a and_o honourable_a in_o the_o esteem_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o consequent_o oblige_v they_o not_o only_o to_o admit_v we_o the_o freedom_n of_o trade_n with_o they_o but_o the_o better_a term_n for_o and_o countenance_n in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o trade_n 2._o to_o make_v it_o the_o interest_n of_o other_o to_o trade_n with_o we_o we_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o furnish_v they_o at_o as_o cheap_a or_o cheap_a rate_n than_o any_o other_o nation_n can_v or_o do_v and_o this_o i_o affirm_v can_v never_o be_v do_v without_o subdue_a usury_n especial_o and_o do_v those_o other_o thing_n beforementioned_a that_o will_v conduce_v to_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o hand_n and_o stock_n for_o our_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o sell_v our_o neighbour_n cheap_a than_o other_o must_v be_v when_o it_o be_v principal_o a_o effect_n of_o many_o hand_n and_o much_o stock_n objection_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v how_o shall_v we_o profit_v by_o this_o rule_n of_o sell_v cheap_a to_o foreigner_n whereas_o the_o contrary_a be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o way_n to_o riches_n viz._n to_o sell_v dear_a and_o buy_v cheap_a answ._n i_o answer_v in_o a_o strict_a sense_n it_o may_v be_v so_o for_o the_o private_a merchant_n but_o in_o this_o discourse_n i_o be_o design_v how_o our_o public_a national_a trade_n may_v be_v so_o manage_v that_o other_o nation_n who_o be_v in_o competition_n with_o we_o for_o the_o same_o may_v not_o wrest_v it_o from_o we_o but_o that_o we_o may_v continue_v and_o increase_v to_o the_o diminution_n of_o they_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o to_o wage_v with_o we_o we_o may_v as_o the_o proverb_n say_v make_v our_o own_o market_n but_o as_o the_o case_n now_o stand_v that_o all_o the_o world_n be_v strive_v to_o engross_v all_o the_o trade_n they_o can_v that_o other_o proverb_n be_v very_o true_a and_o applicable_a all_o covet_v all_o lose_v 3._o the_o well_o contrivement_n and_o management_n of_o foreign_a treaty_n may_v very_o much_o contribute_v to_o the_o make_v it_o the_o interest_n of_o other_o nation_n to_o trade_n with_o we_o at_o least_o to_o the_o convince_a of_o foreign_a prince_n wherein_o and_o how_o it_o be_v their_o interest_n to_o trade_n with_o we_o 4._o public_a justice_n and_o honesty_n will_v make_v it_o the_o interest_n of_o other_o nation_n to_o trade_n with_o we_o that_o be_v that_o when_o any_o commodity_n pass_v under_o a_o public_a common_a seal_n which_o be_v in_o a_o kind_a the_o public_a faith_n of_o the_o nation_n they_o may_v be_v exact_a in_o length_n breadth_n and_o nature_n according_a to_o what_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o their_o seal_n the_o like_a care_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v for_o the_o true_a pack_v of_o our_o herring_n and_o pilchard_n former_o mention_v 5._o if_o we_o will_v engage_v other_o nation_n to_o trade_n with_o we_o we_o must_v receive_v from_o they_o the_o fruit_n and_o commodity_n of_o their_o country_n as_o well_o as_o send_v they_o we_o but_o it_o be_v our_o interest_n by_o example_n and_o other_o mean_n not_o distasteful_a above_o all_o kind_n of_o commodity_n to_o prevent_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v the_o importation_n of_o foreign_a manufacture_n 6._o the_o venetian_n be_v a_o people_n that_o take_v from_o we_o very_o little_a of_o our_o manufacture_n have_v prohibit_v our_o
license_v november_n the_o 18_o 1689._o and_o enter_v according_a to_o order_n a_o discourse_n about_o trade_n wherein_o the_o reduction_n of_o interest_n of_o money_n to_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la centum_fw-la be_v recommend_v method_n for_o the_o employment_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v propose_v several_a weighty_a point_n relate_v to_o company_n of_o merchant_n the_o act_n of_o navigation_n naturalisation_n of_o stranger_n our_o woollen_a manufacture_n the_o balance_n of_o trade_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o plantation_n and_o their_o consequence_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o kingdom_n be_v serious_o discuss_v and_o some_o argument_n for_o erect_v a_o court_n of_o merchant_n for_o determine_a controversy_n relate_v to_o maritime_a affair_n and_o for_o a_o law_n for_o transferrance_n of_o bill_n of_o debt_n be_v humble_o offer_v never_o before_o print_v print_a by_o a_o soul_n at_o the_o crooked-billet_a in_o holloway-lane_n and_o sell_v at_o the_o three_o key_n in_o nags-head-court_n grace-church-street_n 1690._o the_o publisher_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o follow_a sheet_n be_v write_v as_o the_o reader_n will_v observe_v by_o the_o content_n soon_o after_o the_o dreadful_a fire_n which_o happen_v in_o london_n in_o the_o year_n 1666._o they_o fall_v very_o accidental_o into_o my_o hand_n in_o manuscript_n as_o they_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v this_o last_o summer_n and_o have_v in_o my_o conversation_n in_o the_o world_n hear_v several_a of_o the_o proposition_n therein_o discuss_v frequent_o contra_v i_o do_v set_v myself_o with_o some_o curiosity_n to_o run_v they_o over_o and_o in_o do_v it_o discern_v as_o i_o think_v much_o experimental_a truth_n and_o reason_n and_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a life_n and_o spirit_n for_o the_o public_a good_a in_o the_o whole_a work_n i_o therefore_o make_v suit_n to_o the_o judicious_a &_o worthy_a author_n to_o permit_v i_o to_o the_o same_o end_n for_o which_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v at_o the_o first_o write_v to_o hand_n it_o over_o to_o some_o of_o our_o best_a patriot_n to_o which_o he_o be_v please_v to_o concede_fw-la i_o begin_v to_o transcribe_v it_o but_o find_v that_o that_o will_v prove_v a_o tedious_a task_n and_o that_o that_o way_n will_v confine_v this_o excellent_a treatise_n to_o too_o narrow_a bound_n i_o have_v presume_v thus_o to_o emit_v it_o to_o the_o world_n i_o may_v not_o divulge_v the_o author_n name_n but_o this_o i_o may_v true_o say_v he_o be_v no_o trader_n neither_o pay_v any_o use_n for_o money_n but_o receive_v a_o great_a deal_n yearly_a and_o have_v to_o my_o knowledge_n a_o considerable_a estate_n in_o land_n and_o therefore_o the_o most_o invidious_a can_v conceive_v he_o have_v any_o private_a or_o selfish_a end_n in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n i_o have_v in_o my_o time_n be_v privy_a to_o and_o frequent_o concern_v in_o the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o much_o land_n and_o i_o find_v every_o thing_n he_o say_v at_o that_o time_n so_o 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marsh_n and_o feed_v ground_n be_v abate_v in_o rent_n to_o the_o tenant_n at_o least_o 20_o or_o 30_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n he_o grant_v i_o to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a herein_o and_o impute_v the_o cause_n thereof_o partly_o to_o the_o prohibition_n of_o irish_a cattle_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o late_a general_a practice_n of_o sow_a clover_n saint-foyne_a rye-grass_n and_o other_o grass-seed_n upon_o which_o i_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o think_v it_o will_v not_o tend_v to_o the_o public_a good_a to_o prohibit_v by_o a_o law_n the_o sow_v of_o those_o seed_n he_o say_v by_o no_o mean_n honest_a industry_n and_o invention_n be_v never_o to_o be_v obstruct_v by_o law_n i_o query_v then_o why_o usury_n shall_v be_v check_v by_o a_o law_n he_o reply_v that_o in_o the_o trade_n of_o usury_n there_o be_v neither_o industry_n not_o invention_n but_o idleness_n and_o oppression_n and_o that_o all_o christian_a church_n as_o well_o as_o most_o particular_a eminent_a divine_n ever_o since_o our_o saviour_n christ_n time_n have_v condemn_v usury_n as_o sinful_a the_o foregoing_a discourse_n lead_v to_o another_o great_a question_n whether_o foreign_a commodity_n such_o as_o tend_v to_o nourish_v vice_n and_o luxury_n ought_v not_o for_o the_o public_a good_a to_o be_v prohibit_v by_o a_o law_n or_o by_o load_v they_o with_o a_o deep_a custom_n such_o as_o wine_n brandy_n sugar_n tobacco_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o be_o humble_o of_o opinion_n with_o the_o most_o profound_a submission_n to_o all_o my_o superior_n who_o proper_a business_n it_o be_v to_o agree_v and_o constitute_v law_n that_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o public_a good_a to_o load_v even_o such_o commodity_n with_o so_o great_a a_o duty_n as_o do_v or_o may_v ruin_v our_o plantation_n or_o total_o prevent_v the_o english_a from_o a_o possibility_n of_o supply_v the_o eastern_a and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o these_o commodity_n because_o by_o so_o do_v we_o give_v away_o the_o most_o precious_a of_o all_o our_o trade_n a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o navigation_n to_o our_o wise_a neighbour_n the_o dutch_a who_o have_v rather_o pay_v their_o twenty_o penny_n twice_o a_o year_n than_o lose_v their_o trade_n to_o the_o baltic_a with_o salt_n wine_n brandy_n tobacco_n etc._n etc._n i_o may_v say_v too_o with_o chestnut_n and_o walnut_n as_o inconsiderable_a as_o their_o value_n be_v every_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v prize_v above_o gold_n that_o increase_v the_o navigation_n of_o any_o country_n especial_o that_o of_o this_o island_n of_o england_n i_o have_v be_v always_o a_o advocate_n for_o liberty_n and_o a_o enemy_n to_o persecution_n for_o matter_n of_o religion_n and_o so_o i_o be_o confident_a be_v the_o gentleman_n our_o worthy_a author_n as_o the_o follow_a tract_n clear_o evince_n and_o by_o so_o do_v give_v the_o reason_n why_o this_o admirable_a work_n have_v till_o now_o lie_v in_o obscurity_n the_o policy_n and_o council_n of_o the_o late_a reign_v constant_o discountenance_v that_o excellent_a principle_n and_o because_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n be_v frequent_o touch_v in_o this_o ensue_a discourse_n and_o declare_v to_o be_v a_o principal_a mean_n to_o advance_v the_o public_a good_a of_o this_o kingdom_n viz._n trade_n which_o it_o be_v evident_a be_v the_o real_a and_o only_a design_n of_o this_o treatise_n i_o shall_v take_v the_o freedom_n to_o tell_v my_o thought_n very_o plain_o in_o relation_n to_o it_o i_o remember_v that_o great_a master_n of_o historian_n cornelius_n tacitus_n say_v of_o the_o incomparable_a roman_a emperor_n nerva_n that_o he_o do_v reconcile_v res_fw-la olim_fw-la insociabiles_fw-la thing_n never_o before_o adjust_v the_o freedom_n of_o all_o man_n with_o the_o sole_a command_n of_o one_o such_o a_o prince_n i_o hope_v and_o very_o believe_v god_n almighty_a in_o abundant_a mercy_n to_o this_o poor_a nation_n have_v send_v we_o in_o his_o present_a majesty_n our_o true_o good_a and_o gracious_a 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the_o dutch_a with_o who_o we_o principal_o contend_v in_o trade_n give_v general_o more_o wage_n to_o all_o their_o manufacturer_n by_o at_o least_o two_o penny_n in_o the_o shilling_n than_o the_o english_a 2_o dly_z wherever_o wage_n be_v high_a universal_o throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n it_o be_v a_o infallible_a evidence_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o that_o country_n and_o wherever_o wage_n for_o labour_n run_v low_a it_o be_v a_o proof_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o that_o place_n 3_o dly_z it_o be_v multitude_n of_o people_n and_o good_a law_n such_o as_o cause_v a_o increase_n of_o people_n which_o principal_o enrich_v any_o country_n and_o if_o we_o retrench_v by_o law_n the_o labour_n of_o our_o people_n we_o drive_v they_o from_o we_o to_o other_o country_n that_o give_v better_a rate_n and_o so_o the_o dutch_a have_v drain_v we_o of_o our_o seaman_n and_o woollen_a manufacturer_n and_o we_o the_o french_a of_o their_o artificer_n and_o silk_n manufacturer_n and_o of_o many_o 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the_o same_o course_n while_o we_o like_v child_n wink_v and_o think_v no_o body_n see_v we_o yes_o certain_o the_o dutch_a will_v take_v the_o same_o course_n except_o they_o leave_v their_o old_a wont_a for_o we_o never_o yet_o abate_v our_o interest_n but_o they_o soon_o abate_v they_o but_o what_o if_o they_o do_v we_o have_v bring_v our_o interest_n to_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n shall_v have_v they_o against_o a_o wall_n we_o know_v the_o length_n of_o their_o tedder_n they_o can_v run_v much_o far_o from_o we_o so_o that_o if_o we_o wink_v it_o be_v not_o like_a child_n as_o the_o gentleman_n suppose_v but_o if_o we_o take_v his_o advice_n we_o shall_v wink_v like_o child_n while_o other_o nation_n strike_v we_o by_o abate_v their_o interest_n 2._o if_o we_o can_v gain_v all_o we_o will_v of_o they_o present_o we_o shall_v gain_v the_o more_o from_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n that_o can_v sudden_o abate_v their_o interest_n to_o any_o proportion_n with_o we_o 3._o why_o 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consequent_o he_o reckon_v they_o two_o trade_n among_o other_o lose_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n so_o great_a a_o mistake_n that_o i_o dare_v affirm_v and_o appeal_v to_o the_o record_n of_o the_o customhouse_n book_n for_o a_o judgement_n in_o this_o case_n that_o those_o two_o trade_n as_o to_o our_o native_a exportation_n be_v more_o than_o treeble_v within_o less_o than_o 30._o year_n page_n 21._o he_o say_v that_o if_o wage_n etc._n etc._n be_v as_o cheap_a and_o usury_n as_o low_a with_o we_o as_o in_o holland_n yet_o if_o our_o merchant_n live_v at_o so_o great_a a_o rate_n as_o now_o they_o do_v how_o be_v it_o possible_a we_o shall_v thrive_v on_o as_o easy_a gain_n as_o those_o who_o spend_v so_o much_o less_o and_o trade_n so_o much_o more_o i_o answer_v there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n will_v engage_v our_o merchant_n to_o spend_v less_o and_o trade_n more_o than_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n for_o the_o subdue_a of_o interest_n will_v bring_v in_o 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then_o particular_o 1._o general_o i_o say_v the_o dutch_a low_a interest_n have_v miserable_o lessen_v we_o in_o all_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n not_o secure_v to_o we_o by_o law_n or_o by_o some_o natural_a advantage_n which_o over-ballanceth_a the_o disproportion_n of_o our_o interest_n of_o money_n which_o disproportion_n i_o take_v to_o be_v 3_o per_fw-la cent_n 2._o particular_o the_o red-herring_n trade_n we_o retain_v by_o reason_n of_o two_o natural_a advantage_n one_o be_v the_o fish_n for_o that_o purpose_n must_v be_v bring_v fresh_a on_o shore_n and_o that_o the_o dutch_a can_v do_v with_o they_o because_o the_o herring_n swim_v on_o our_o coast_n and_o consequent_o at_o too_o great_a a_o distance_n from_o they_o the_o other_o be_v those_o herring_n must_v be_v smoke_v with_o wood_n which_o can_v be_v do_v on_o any_o reasonable_a term_n but_o in_o a_o woody_a country_n such_o as_o england_n be_v and_o holland_n be_v not_o these_o advantage_n that_o god_n have_v give_v our_o land_n do_v counterpoise_v and_o overpoize_v the_o disproportion_n of_o interest_n viz._n 3_o per_fw-la cent_z otherwise_o we_o may_v say_v farewell_o red-herring_n as_o well_o as_o white_a the_o pilchard_n on_o the_o west-coast_n likewise_o come_v to_o our_o shore_n and_o must_v be_v cure_v and_o press_v upon_o the_o land_n which_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o dutch_a to_o do_v the_o newfoundland_n fish_v be_v manage_v by_o west-country-man_n who_o port_n be_v proper_o situate_v for_o that_o country_n and_o the_o country_n itself_o be_v his_o majesty_n so_o the_o dutch_a can_v have_v no_o foot_n there_o if_o they_o can_v 3_o per_fw-la cent_z will_v soon_o send_v we_o home_o to_o keep_v sheep_n as_o to_o the_o turkey_n italian_n spanish_a and_o portugal_n trade_n though_o our_o vent_n for_o fine_a cloth_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o stuff_n be_v decline_v yet_o we_o retain_v a_o very_a considerable_a part_n of_o those_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o natural_a and_o some_o 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by_o which_o we_o carry_v on_o much_o of_o those_o trade_n be_v native_n with_o we_o 5_o thly_a our_o country_n consume_v within_o itself_o more_o of_o spanish_a wine_n and_o fruit_n zant_n curran_n and_o levant_n oil_n than_o any_o country_n in_o europe_n 6_o thly_a which_o be_v a_o artificial_a advantage_n and_o due_a to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o contriver_n our_o act_n of_o navigation_n compel_v we_o or_o at_o least_o will_v do_v if_o it_o be_v just_o administer_v to_o import_v none_o of_o those_o good_n but_o from_o the_o proper_a port_n of_o their_o imbarkation_n and_o by_o english_a ship_n only_o the_o trade_n to_o and_o from_o all_o our_o own_o plantation_n be_v likewise_o secure_v to_o we_o by_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n or_o will_v be_v if_o that_o act_n be_v true_o execute_v and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o that_o you_o shall_v see_v forty_o dutch_a ship_n at_o our_o own_o plantation_n for_o one_o english_a to_o conclude_v this_o paragraph_n the_o dutch_a low_a interest_n through_o our_o own_o supineness_n have_v rob_v we_o total_o of_o all_o trade_n not_o inseparable_o annex_v to_o this_o kingdom_n by_o the_o benevolence_n of_o divine_a providence_n and_o our_o act_n of_o navigation_n which_o though_o it_o have_v some_o thing_n in_o it_o want_a amendment_n deserve_v to_o be_v call_v our_o charta_fw-la maritima_n insomuch_o as_o with_o shame_n to_o ourselves_o it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v of_o we_o as_o we_o proverbial_o say_v to_o careless_a person_n they_o have_v lose_v all_o that_o be_v loose_a when_o i_o think_v of_o these_o thing_n i_o can_v but_o wonder_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v find_v english_a man_n who_o want_v not_o bread_n to_o eat_v or_o clothes_n to_o wear_v shall_v be_v yet_o so_o unkind_a and_o hard-hearted_a to_o their_o country_n as_o strenuous_o to_o endeavour_v for_o private_a end_n the_o deprive_v she_o of_o so_o great_a a_o good_a as_o will_v be_v the_o abatement_n of_o our_o interest_n to_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z by_o 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ship_n in_o many_o bulkey_n trade_n and_o such_o as_o be_v national_o most_o profitable_a be_v of_o four_o time_n the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n that_o old_a objection_n about_o widow_n and_o orphan_n i_o have_v i_o think_v full_o answer_v in_o my_o former_a treatise_n but_o because_o i_o yet_o sometime_o meet_v with_o it_o i_o shall_v say_v a_o word_n more_o to_o it_o here_o viz._n 1._o widow_n and_o orphan_n be_v not_o one_o to_o twenty_o of_o the_o whole_a people_n and_o it_o be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o lawmaker_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o majority_n of_o people_n though_o a_o minor_a part_n shall_v a_o little_a suffer_v 2._o of_o widow_n and_o orphan_n not_o one_o in_o forty_o will_v suffer_v by_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n for_o these_o reason_n viz._n 1_o st_o of_o widow_n and_o orphan_n nine_o of_o ten_o in_o this_o kingdom_n have_v very_o little_a or_o nothing_o at_o all_o leave_v they_o by_o their_o decease_a relation_n and_o all_o such_o will_v have_v a_o advantage_n by_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n because_o such_o abatement_n will_v increase_v trade_n and_o in_o consequence_n occasion_v more_o employment_n for_o such_o necessitous_a person_n 2_o dly_z many_o widow_n and_o orphan_n have_v jointure_n annuity_n coppy-holds_a and_o other_o land_n leave_v they_o as_o well_o as_o money_n and_o all_o such_o will_v be_v gainer_n by_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n 3_o dly_z for_o all_o london_n orphan_n the_o city_n give_v not_o now_o above_o 5_o and_o to_o some_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n interest_n so_o the_o loss_n to_o such_o be_v not_o worth_a speak_v of_o 4_o thly_a many_o executor_n be_v so_o unworthy_a as_o to_o allow_v orphan_n no_o interest_n and_o yet_o justify_v themselves_o by_o law_n to_o such_o orphan_n it_o will_v be_v all_o one_o what_o the_o legal_a rate_n of_o interest_n be_v 5_o thly_a when_o the_o law_n for_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v past_a many_o more_o parent_n will_v leave_v their_o child_n annuity_n and_o estate_n run_v in_o trade_n as_o they_o do_v in_o holland_n and_o italy_n whereby_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n will_v become_v profitable_a not_o prejudicial_a to_o they_o and_o for_o the_o few_o that_o at_o first_o may_v happen_v to_o suffer_v whereof_o the_o number_n will_v be_v very_o small_a and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v name_v in_o competition_n with_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o have_v a_o easy_a mean_n within_o their_o own_o power_n to_o prevent_v their_o be_v one_o farthing_n the_o worse_a for_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n it_o be_v but_o wear_v a_o lawn-whisk_n instead_o of_o a_o point_n de_fw-fr venice_n and_o for_o the_o mean_a sort_n a_o serge_n pettycoat_n instead_o of_o a_o silk_n one_o and_o a_o plain_a pair_n of_o shoe_n instead_o of_o lace_a one_o and_o that_o the_o lady_n may_v not_o be_v
a_o knavish_a design_n of_o the_o citizen_n to_o advance_v themselves_o who_o be_v too_o proud_a already_o and_o that_o if_o it_o go_v forward_o it_o will_v undo_v all_o the_o country_n gentleman_n in_o england_n and_o if_o one_o speak_v with_o the_o city_n usurer_n they_o will_v be_v as_o ready_a to_o affirm_v that_o this_o be_v a_o plot_n carry_v on_o only_o by_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n who_o estate_n be_v all_o in_o land_n for_o their_o own_o advantage_n and_o that_o it_o will_v spoil_v all_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v a_o project_n at_o one_o instant_a to_o take_v off_o just_a one_o three_o of_o all_o man_n estate_n that_o be_v personal_a and_o add_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o all_o such_o who_o estate_n be_v real_a which_o in_o effect_n be_v to_o impoverish_v all_o the_o young_a and_o enrich_v all_o elder_a brother_n in_o england_n so_o that_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a adversary_n to_o this_o principle_n it_o may_v be_v just_o conclude_v that_o though_o single_o they_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o yet_o joint_o they_o confess_v it_o to_o conclude_v there_o be_v nothing_o that_o i_o have_v say_v or_o that_o i_o think_v any_o other_o can_v say_v upon_o this_o occasion_n but_o be_v say_v in_o substance_n before_o by_o old_a sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n though_o unknown_a to_o i_o who_o have_v a_o ampel_v and_o clear_a sight_n into_o the_o whole_a nature_n of_o this_o principle_n and_o the_o true_a effect_n and_o consequence_n of_o it_o truth_n be_v always_o the_o same_o though_o illustration_n may_v vary_v nor_o can_v any_o thing_n now_o be_v object_v against_o the_o make_n a_o law_n for_o a_o further_a abatement_n of_o interest_n but_o the_o same_o that_o be_v object_v in_o those_o time_n wherein_o the_o former_a statute_n pass_v so_o that_o why_o my_o opposer_n shall_v cavil_v at_o the_o do_v of_o that_o by_o a_o law_n in_o england_n now_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o â—ike_v well_o if_o it_o can_v be_v do_v i_o know_v no_o real_a cause_n except_o it_o be_v that_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v wise_a enough_o to_o know_v that_o a_o law_n in_o england_n will_v certain_o do_v the_o work_n as_o it_o have_v do_v former_o and_o in_o consequence_n his_o own_o private_a gain_n will_v be_v retrench_v before_o i_o conclude_v i_o think_v it_o necessary_a for_o caution_n to_o my_o countryman_n to_o let_v they_o know_v what_o effect_n these_o discourse_n have_v have_v on_o other_o when_o i_o write_v my_o first_o treatise_n interest_n be_v in_o the_o island_n of_o barbadoes_n at_o 15_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la where_o it_o be_v since_o by_o a_o act_n of_o the_o country_n bring_v down_o to_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n a_o great_a fall_n at_o once_o and_o our_o weekly_a gazette_n do_v some_o month_n pass_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o sweed_n by_o a_o law_n have_v bring_v down_o their_o interest_n to_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n neither_o of_o which_o can_v have_v any_o good_a effect_n upon_o we_o but_o certain_o the_o contrary_a except_o by_o way_n of_o emulation_n they_o quicken_v we_o to_o provide_v in_o time_n for_o our_o own_o good_a and_o prosperity_n i_o have_v now_o do_v with_o this_o controversy_n and_o therein_o discharge_v my_o duty_n to_o my_o native_a country_n and_o though_o ignorance_n malice_n or_o private_a interest_n may_v yet_o for_o some_o time_n oppose_v it_o i_o be_o confident_a the_o wisdom_n of_o my_o countryman_n will_v at_o length_n find_v their_o true_a and_o general_a interest_n in_o the_o establishment_n of_o such_o a_o law_n which_o as_o to_o my_o own_o particular_a concernment_n signify_v not_o two_o farthing_n whether_o they_o do_v or_o not_o chap._n ii_o concern_v the_o relief_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o poor_a this_o be_v a_o calm_a subject_n and_o thwart_v no_o common_a or_o private_a interest_n among_o we_o except_o that_o of_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o mankind_n the_o devil_n so_o i_o hope_v that_o what_o shall_v be_v offer_v towards_o the_o effect_n of_o so_o universal_o acceptable_a a_o work_n as_o this_o and_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o innumerable_a inconvenience_n that_o do_v now_o and_o have_v in_o all_o age_n attend_v this_o kingdom_n through_o defect_n of_o such_o provision_n for_o the_o poor_a will_v not_o be_v ill_o take_v although_o the_o plaster_n at_o first_o essay_n do_v not_o exact_o fit_v the_o sore_a in_o the_o discourse_n of_o this_o subject_n i_o shall_v first_o assert_v some_o particular_n which_o i_o think_v arâ—â—greed_v by_o common_a consent_n and_o from_o thence_o take_v occasion_n to_o proceed_v to_o what_o be_v more_o doubtful_a 1._o that_o our_o poor_a in_o england_n have_v always_o be_v in_o a_o most_o sad_a and_o wretched_a condition_n some_o famish_v for_o want_n of_o bread_n other_o starve_v with_o cold_a and_o nakedness_n and_o many_o whole_a family_n in_o all_o the_o out_o part_n of_o city_n and_o great_a town_n common_o remain_v in_o a_o languish_a nasty_a and_o useless_a condition_n uncomfortable_a to_o themselves_o and_o unprofitable_a to_o the_o kingdom_n this_o be_v confess_v and_o lament_v by_o all_o men._n 2._o that_o the_o child_n of_o our_o poor_a breed_v up_o in_o beggary_n and_o laziness_n do_v by_o that_o mean_n become_v not_o only_o of_o unhealthy_a body_n and_o more_o than_o ordinary_o subject_a to_o many_o loathsome_a disease_n whereof_o very_a many_o die_n in_o their_o tender_a age_n and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o do_v arrive_v to_o year_n and_o strength_n they_o be_v by_o their_o idle_a habit_n contract_v in_o their_o youth_n render_v for_o ever_o after_o indispose_v to_o labour_n and_o serve_v only_o to_o stock_n the_o kingdom_n with_o thief_n and_o beggar_n 3._o that_o if_o all_o our_o impotent_a poor_a be_v provide_v for_o and_o those_o of_o both_o sex_n and_o all_o age_n that_o can_v do_v work_n of_o any_o kind_n employ_v it_o will_v redound_v some_o hundred_o of_o thousand_o of_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o the_o public_a advantage_n 4._o that_o it_o be_v our_o duty_n to_o god_n and_o nature_n so_o to_o provide_v for_o and_o employ_v the_o poor_a 5._o that_o by_o so_o do_v one_o of_o the_o great_a sin_n for_o which_o this_o land_n ought_v to_o mourn_v will_v be_v remove_v 6._o that_o our_o forefather_n have_v pious_a intention_n towards_o this_o good_a work_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o many_o statute_n make_v by_o they_o to_o this_o purpose_n 7._o that_o there_o be_v place_n in_o the_o world_n wherein_o the_o poor_a be_v so_o provide_v for_o and_o employ_v as_o in_o holland_n hambrough_n new-england_n and_o other_o and_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v now_o in_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n thus_o far_o we_o all_o agree_v the_o first_o question_n then_o that_o natural_o occur_v be_v question_v how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o in_o england_n we_o do_v not_o nor_o ever_o do_v comfortable_o maintain_v and_o employ_v our_o poor_a the_o common_a answer_n to_o this_o question_n be_v two_o 1._o that_o our_o law_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v as_o good_a as_o any_o in_o the_o world_n but_o we_o fail_v in_o the_o execution_n 2._o that_o former_o in_o the_o day_n of_o our_o pious_a ancestor_n the_o work_n be_v do_v but_o now_o charity_n be_v decease_v and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n we_o see_v the_o poor_a so_o neglect_v as_o now_o they_o be_v in_o both_o which_o answer_v i_o humble_o conceive_v the_o effect_n be_v mistake_v for_o the_o cause_n for_o though_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o there_o have_v be_v and_o be_v a_o great_a failure_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o those_o statute_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o poor_a yet_o i_o say_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o failure_n have_v be_v occasion_v by_o defect_n of_o the_o law_n themselves_o for_o otherwise_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o in_o our_o late_a time_n of_o confusion_n and_o alteration_n wherein_o almost_o every_o party_n in_o the_o nation_n at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o take_v their_o turn_n at_o the_o helm_n and_o all_o have_v that_o compass_n those_o law_n to_o steer_v by_o and_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o can_v or_o ever_o do_v conduct_v the_o poor_a into_o a_o harbour_n of_o security_n to_o they_o and_o profit_n to_o the_o kingdom_n i._n e._n none_o sufficient_o maintain_v the_o impotent_a and_o employ_v the_o indigent_a among_o we_o and_o if_o this_o be_v never_o do_v in_o any_o age_n nor_o by_o any_o sort_n of_o man_n whatsoever_o in_o this_o kingdom_n who_o have_v the_o use_n of_o those_o law_n now_o in_o force_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o very_a strong_a argument_n that_o it_o never_o can_v nor_o ever_o will_v be_v do_v by_o those_o law_n and_o that_o consequent_o the_o defect_n lie_v in_o the_o law_n themselves_o not_o in_o the_o man_n i._n e._n those_o that_o shall_v put_v they_o in_o execution_n as_o to_o the_o second_o
a_o fine_a of_o fifty_o pound_n and_o the_o success_n have_v be_v answerable_a for_o the_o first_o company_n settle_v upon_o that_o narrow_a limit_v interest_n although_o their_o stock_n be_v large_a than_o this_o decay_a and_o final_o come_v to_o ruin_v and_o destruction_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a this_o be_v settle_v on_o more_o rational_a and_o consequent_o more_o just_a as_o well_o as_o more_o profitable_a principle_n have_v through_o god_n goodness_n thrive_v and_o increase_v to_o the_o treble_v of_o their_o first_o stock_n chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o act_n of_o navigation_n though_o this_o act_n be_v by_o most_o conclude_v a_o very_a beneficial_a act_n for_o this_o kingdom_n especial_o by_o the_o master_n and_o owner_n of_o ship_n and_o by_o all_o seaman_n yet_o some_o there_o be_v both_o wise_a and_o honest_a gentleman_n and_o merchant_n that_o doubt_n whether_o the_o inconvenience_n it_o have_v bring_v with_o it_o be_v not_o great_a than_o the_o conveniency_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o in_o relation_n to_o trade_n ship_n profit_n and_o power_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o choice_a and_o most_o prudent_a act_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v in_o england_n and_o without_o which_o we_o have_v not_o now_o be_v owner_n of_o one_o half_a of_o the_o ship_n nor_o trade_n nor_o employ_v one_o half_a of_o the_o seaman_n which_o we_o do_v at_o present_a but_o see_v time_n have_v discover_v some_o inconvenience_n in_o it_o if_o not_o defect_n which_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n do_v admit_v of_o a_o easy_a amendment_n and_o see_v that_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v not_o approve_v by_o unanimous_a consent_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o discourse_v a_o little_a concern_v it_o wherein_z after_o my_o plain_a method_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o such_o objection_n as_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o subjoin_v my_o answer_n with_o such_o reason_n as_o occur_v to_o my_o memory_n in_o confirmation_n of_o my_o own_o opinion_n the_o objection_n against_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v such_o as_o these_o object_n 1._o some_o have_v tell_v i_o that_o i_o on_o all_o occasion_n magnify_v the_o dutch_a policy_n in_o relation_n to_o their_o trade_n and_o the_o dutch_a have_v no_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v certain_o not_o always_o in_o the_o right_n as_o to_o the_o understanding_n of_o their_o true_a interest_n in_o trade_n or_o else_o we_o be_v in_o the_o wrong_n in_o this_o i_o answer_v i_o be_o yet_o to_o be_v inform_v where_o the_o dutch_a have_v miss_v their_o proper_a interest_n in_o trade_n but_o that_o which_o be_v fit_a for_o one_o nation_n to_o do_v in_o relation_n to_o their_o trade_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o all_o no_o more_o than_o the_o same_o policy_n be_v necessary_a to_o a_o prevail_a army_n that_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n to_o a_o army_n of_o less_o force_n then_o to_o be_v able_a to_o encounter_v their_o enemy_n at_o all_o time_n and_o place_n the_o dutch_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a stock_n low_a interest_n multitude_n of_o merchant_n and_o ship_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o trade_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o need_n to_o build_v castle_n fortress_n and_o place_n of_o retreat_n such_o i_o account_v law_n of_o limitation_n and_o secure_v of_o particular_a trade_n to_o the_o native_n of_o any_o kingdom_n because_o they_o viz._n the_o dutch_a may_v be_v well_o assure_v that_o no_o nation_n can_v enter_v in_o common_a with_o they_o in_o any_o trade_n to_o gain_v bread_n by_o it_o while_o their_o own_o use_n of_o money_n be_v at_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_z and_z other_o at_z 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o upward_o etc._n etc._n whereas_o if_o we_o shall_v suffer_v their_o ship_n in_o common_a with_o we_o in_o those_o trade_n which_o be_v secure_v to_o the_o english_a by_o act_n of_o navigation_n they_o must_v necessary_o in_o a_o few_o year_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o 〈…〉_o eat_v we_o quite_o out_o of_o they_o object_n 2._o the_o second_o objection_n to_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v some_o will_v confess_v that_o as_o to_o merchant_n and_o owner_n of_o ship_n the_o act_n of_o navigation_n be_v eminent_o beneficial_a but_o say_v that_o merchant_n and_o owner_n be_v but_o a_o inconsiderable_a number_n of_o man_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o that_o interest_n of_o the_o great_a number_n that_o our_o native_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o we_o at_o the_o best_a rate_n and_o foreign_a commodity_n sell_v we_o at_o the_o cheap_a with_o admission_n of_o dutch_a merchant_n and_o ship_n in_o common_a with_o the_o english_a by_o my_o own_o implication_n will_v effect_v my_o answer_n be_v that_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o this_o may_v be_v true_a if_o the_o present_a profit_n of_o the_o generality_n be_v bare_o and_o single_o consider_v but_o this_o kingdom_n be_v a_o island_n the_o defence_n whereof_o have_v always_o be_v our_o ship_n and_o seaman_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o profit_n and_o power_n ought_v joint_o to_o be_v consider_v and_o if_o so_o i_o think_v none_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n have_v and_o do_v occasion_n building_n and_o employ_v of_o three_o time_n the_o number_n of_o ship_n and_o seaman_n that_o otherwise_o we_o shall_v or_o will_v do_v and_o that_o consequent_o if_o our_o force_n at_o sea_n be_v so_o great_o impair_v it_o will_v expose_v we_o to_o the_o receive_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o injury_n and_o affront_v from_o our_o neighbour_n and_o in_o conclusion_n render_v we_o a_o despicable_a and_o miserable_a people_n objection_n to_o several_a part_n of_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n object_n 1._o the_o inhabitant_n and_o planter_n of_o our_o plantation_n in_o america_n say_v this_o act_n will_v in_o time_n ruin_v their_o plantation_n if_o they_o may_v not_o be_v permit_v at_o least_o to_o carry_v their_o sugar_n to_o the_o best_a market_n and_o not_o be_v compel_v to_o send_v all_o to_o and_o receive_v all_o commodity_n from_o england_n i_o answer_v if_o they_o be_v not_o keep_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n the_o consequence_n will_v be_v that_o in_o a_o few_o year_n the_o benefit_n of_o they_o will_v be_v whole_o lose_v to_o the_o nation_n it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o dutch_a dane_n french_a spaniard_n portugal_n and_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n to_o keep_v their_o external_a province_n and_o colony_n in_o a_o subjection_n unto_o and_o dependency_n upon_o their_o mother-kingdom_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v not_o do_v so_o the_o dutch_a who_o as_o i_o have_v say_v be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o trade_n will_v carry_v away_o the_o great_a of_o advantage_n by_o the_o plantation_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n in_o christendom_n leave_v we_o and_o other_o only_o the_o trouble_n of_o breed_a man_n and_o send_v they_o abroad_o to_o cultivate_v the_o ground_n and_o have_v bread_n for_o their_o industry_n here_o by_o the_o way_n with_o entire_a submission_n to_o the_o great_a wisdom_n of_o those_o who_o it_o much_o more_o concern_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o query_n whether_o instead_o of_o the_o late_a prohibition_n of_o irish_a cattle_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v more_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o suffer_v the_o irish_a to_o bring_v into_o england_n not_o only_o their_o live_a cattle_n but_o also_o all_o other_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n or_o manufacture_n of_o that_o kingdom_n custom_n free_a or_o on_o easy_a custom_n and_o to_o prohibit_v they_o from_o trading_n homeward_o or_o outward_a with_o the_o dutch_a or_o our_o own_o plantation_n or_o any_o other_o place_n except_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n most_o certain_o such_o a_o law_n will_v in_o a_o few_o year_n wonderful_o increase_v the_o trade_n ship_n and_o riches_n of_o this_o nation_n query_n 2._o will_v not_o this_o be_v a_o good_a addition_n to_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o much_o increase_v the_o employment_n of_o english_a ship_n and_o seaman_n as_o well_o in_o bring_v from_o thence_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n as_o supply_v that_o country_n with_o deal_v salt_n and_o all_o other_o foreign_a commodity_n which_o now_o they_o have_v from_o the_o dutch_a que._n 3._o will_v not_o this_o be_v a_o mean_n effectual_o to_o prevent_v the_o exportation_n of_o irish_a wool_n which_o now_o go_v frequent_o into_o france_n and_o holland_n to_o the_o manifest_a and_o great_a damage_n both_o of_o england_n and_o ireland_n que_fw-fr 4._o will_v not_o this_o be_v a_o fortress_n or_o law_n to_o secure_v to_o we_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o ireland_n que._n 5._o will_v not_o this_o render_v that_o which_o now_o diminish_v and_o seem_v dangerous_a to_o the_o value_n of_o land_n in_o england_n viz._n the_o growth_n of_o
account_n or_o account_n of_o merchant_n freight_n of_o ship_n or_o good_n bill_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n or_o bill_n of_o bottomry_n or_o bumery_n or_o for_o work_n do_v upon_o or_o material_n deliver_v to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o ship_n or_o money_n due_a for_o sale_n of_o good_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n relate_v to_o trade_n or_o ship_n 3._o that_o any_o three_o or_o more_o of_o they_o as_o the_o judge_n late_o do_v at_o clifford_n inn_n may_v proceed_v sumary_o to_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o any_o such_o difference_n and_o that_o their_o sentence_n shall_v be_v final_a from_o which_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o appeal_n or_o review_n otherwise_o then_o as_o be_v hereafter_o mention_v nor_o any_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v for_o the_o removal_n or_o reversal_a of_o the_o same_o 4._o that_o they_o or_o any_o three_o of_o they_o may_v so_o issue_v out_o summon_v for_o convening_n all_o person_n before_o they_o aâ—_n the_o judge_n do_v etc._n etc._n 5._o that_o they_o be_v a_o court_n of_o record_n 〈◊〉_d the_o judge_n be_v etc._n etc._n 6._o that_o they_o take_v nothing_o for_o their_o own_o pain_n direct_o or_o indirect_o but_o six_o peâ—ce_n each_o for_o sign_v every_o final_a order_n in_o every_o cause_n whereof_o the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v do_v not_o exceed_v 10_o l._n and_o 12_o d._n for_o all_o cause_n not_o exceed_v 100_o l._n and_o only_o 2_o '_o s._n each_o for_o all_o cause_n exceed_v the_o value_n of_o 100_o l._n the_o say_v fee_n to_o be_v due_a and_o payable_a only_o to_o such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n as_o hear_v the_o say_a cause_n and_o cause_n and_o sign_v the_o judgement_n or_o final_a decree_n in_o they_o 7._o that_o for_o reward_n to_o officer_n the_o judiciary_n merchant_n do_v constitute_v a_o table_n of_o reasonable_a fee_n to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o two_o lord_n cheif-justice_n and_o lord_n chief_a baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n 8._o that_o in_o any_o case_n determine_v by_o a_o less_o number_n than_o seven_o of_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n there_o may_v be_v a_o appeal_n to_o seven_o or_o more_o as_o be_v late_o practise_v in_o the_o aforementioned_a judicature_n 9_o that_o they_o may_v have_v power_n to_o levy_v execution_n upon_o estate_n real_a or_o personal_a with_o such_o restriction_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v to_o appoint_v 10._o that_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a court_n shall_v be_v to_o all_o place_n within_o ten_o mile_n of_o london_n or_o only_o to_o the_o late_a line_n of_o communication_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a 11._o that_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n and_o their_o officer_n before_o they_o exercise_v their_o authority_n take_v such_o oath_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v to_o appoint_v 12._o that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o judiciary_n merchant_n be_v prosecute_v for_o exercise_v any_o of_o the_o power_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o they_o they_o may_v plead_v the_o general_a issue_n and_o give_v the_o act_n in_o evidence_n for_o their_o defence_n 13._o that_o no_o writ_n or_o writ_n of_o superâ—edeas_fw-la certiorary_a or_o injunction_n out_o of_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n court_n shall_v supercee_v or_o stay_v execution_n etc._n etc._n 14._o the_o act_n to_o continue_v probationary_o so_o long_o as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a 15._o that_o the_o twelve_o judiciary_n merchant_n shall_v be_v choose_v yearly_o by_o all_o the_o freeman_n that_o be_v livery-man_n of_o london_n in_o the_o guild-hall_n of_o the_o say_a city_n or_o by_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o such_o election_n upon_o every_o monday_n yearly_o next_o before_o the_o feast_n day_n of_o st_n michael_n or_o as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v appoint_v in_o manner_n follow_v every_o livery-man_n then_o present_a to_o deliver_v unto_o any_o two_o such_o alderman_n and_o four_o commoner_n as_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o court_n of_o alderman_n for_o the_o time_n be_v shall_v appoint_v to_o take_v the_o view_n or_o scrutiny_n of_o election_n a_o paper_n contain_v the_o name_n of_o such_o twelve_o person_n as_o he_o think_v best_a to_o be_v elect_v for_o the_o purpose_n afore_o say_v set_v his_o the_o say_a elector_n own_o name_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o say_a paper_n and_o the_o next_o monday_n after_o in_o the_o say_a guild-hall_n the_o say_v two_o alderman_n and_o four_o commoner_n or_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v have_v take_v the_o scrutiney_a shall_v public_o declare_v unto_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_z commoners_z then_o present_a who_o be_v the_o twelve_o person_n choose_v by_o the_o majority_n of_o vote_n and_o how_o many_o vote_n each_o of_o they_o have_v 16._o if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o of_o the_o judiciary_n merchant_n die_v before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n or_o refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o trust_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o livery-man_n to_o choose_v another_o or_o other_o toties_fw-la quoties_fw-la and_o the_o lord_n mayor_n be_v enjoin_v to_o summon_v common-hall_n to_o that_o purpose_n 17._o that_o every_o year_n six_o of_o the_o old_a judiciary_n merchant_n go_v off_o in_o course_n and_o be_v uncapable_a of_o be_v re-elected_n and_o six_o new_a one_o choose_v in_o their_o stead_n viz._n all_o the_o twelve_o to_o be_v re-chosen_a but_o only_o six_o of_o the_o old_a one_o that_o have_v the_o most_o voice_n to_o hold_v next_o year_n although_o more_o of_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v elect_v for_o the_o next_o year_n object_n 1._o the_o many_o objection_n that_o i_o can_v foresee_v will_v be_v make_v against_o this_o constitution_n be_v that_o it_o thwart_v that_o most_o excellent_a order_n of_o our_o english_a jury_n answ._n 1._o i_o answer_v that_o i_o hope_v there_o be_v no_o english_a man_n more_o in_o love_n with_o jury_n than_o myself_o but_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o common_a way_n of_o trial_n do_v not_o well_o reach_v the_o variety_n and_o strangeness_n of_o merchant_n case_n especial_o in_o relation_n to_o foreign_a affair_n answ._n 2._o what_o better_a jury_n can_v a_o merchant_n hope_v for_o than_o twelve_o able_a and_o honest_a merchant_n choose_v by_o the_o collective_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n and_o such_o as_o shall_v all_o of_o they_o stand_v upon_o their_o good_a behaviour_n to_o be_v turn_v out_o with_o ignominy_n the_o next_o year_n if_o they_o do_v not_o equal_a right_n to_o all_o man_n object_n 2._o the_o admit_v of_o no_o appeal_v from_o a_o court-merchant_n seem_v too_o arbitrary_a i_o answer_v while_o we_o choose_v our_o judge_n ourselves_o for_o merchant_n case_n and_o may_v remove_v they_o ourselves_o in_o my_o opinion_n they_o can_v be_v no_o more_o too_o arbitrary_a than_o too_o much_o power_n can_v be_v give_v to_o referee_n when_o both_o party_n desire_v a_o end_n of_o their_o difference_n beside_o if_o their_o power_n be_v not_o great_a the_o 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a_o design_n viz._n one_a the_o privilege_n of_o encorporated_a city_n and_o to_n two_o more_o especial_o the_o society_n of_o artificer_n and_o tradesman_n belong_v to_o some_o city_n and_o town_n corporate_a such_o as_o weaver_n cooper_n and_o many_o other_o who_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o charter_n pretend_v to_o privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n not_o only_o to_o the_o utmost_a extent_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o respective_a city_n and_o town_n but_o to_o the_o distance_n of_o ten_o mile_n about_o they_o 3._o that_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o the_o of_o elizabeth_n which_o enact_v that_o none_o shall_v use_v any_o manual_a occupation_n that_o have_v not_o serve_v a_o apprenticeship_n thereunto_o upon_o which_o statute_n it_o have_v be_v usual_a to_o indict_v stranger_n workman_n that_o have_v exercise_v their_o calling_n
order_n to_o the_o building_n and_o supply_v our_o ship_n that_o without_o they_o other_o trade_n can_v not_o be_v carry_v on_o it_o will_v not_o be_v deny_v by_o the_o honourable_a east-india_n company_n but_o they_o import_v much_o more_o good_n into_o england_n than_o they_o export_v &_o that_o to_o purchase_v the_o same_o they_o carry_v out_o quantity_n of_o gold_n &_o silver_n annual_o yet_o no_o man_n that_o understand_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n will_v affirm_v that_o england_n lose_v by_o that_o trade_n the_o dutch_a with_o good_a reason_n esteem_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o east-indies_n more_o profitable_a to_o they_o than_o be_v the_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o america_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o if_o the_o english_a company_n be_v vest_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n with_o so_o much_o authority_n as_o the_o dutch_a have_v and_o thereby_o encourage_v to_o drive_v as_o full_a a_o trade_n thither_o as_o the_o dutch_a do_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v so_o not_o so_o much_o to_o the_o private_a gain_n of_o the_o member_n of_o that_o company_n as_o the_o public_a profit_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o general_a however_o as_o it_o be_v it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o beneficial_a trade_n this_o nation_n drive_v at_o present_a for_o 1_o st_o that_o trade_n constant_o employ_v twenty_o five_o to_o thirty_o sail_n of_o the_o most_o warlike_a ship_n in_o england_n with_o sixty_o to_o a_o hundred_o man_n in_o each_o ship_n and_o may_v in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n more_o employ_v a_o great_a number_n and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o carry_v on_o that_o trade_n that_o company_n have_v late_o unconstrained_a give_v considerable_a encouragement_n for_o the_o build_n of_o great_a ship_n which_o have_v have_v good_a effect_n 2_o dly_z it_o supply_v the_o nation_n constant_o and_o full_o with_o that_o in_o this_o age_n necessary_a material_a of_o salt-petre_n 3_o 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point_n of_o strength_n and_o warlike_a provision_n in_o regard_n of_o ship_n and_o salt-petre_n but_o also_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o furtherance_n it_o give_v to_o many_o other_o trade_n beforementioned_a it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o this_o trade_n though_o its_o import_v exceed_v its_o export_n be_v the_o most_o advantageous_a trade_n to_o england_n and_o deserve_v all_o encouragement_n for_o be_v we_o to_o buy_v all_o our_o pepper_n and_o calico_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o dutch_a they_o will_v raise_v our_o pepper_n which_o now_o stand_v the_o nation_n but_o about_o 3_o d._n per_fw-la pound_n in_o india_n to_o or_o near_o the_o proportion_n which_o they_o have_v advance_v on_o nutmeg_n clove_n and_o mace_n which_o cost_v the_o dutch_a not_o much_o more_o per_fw-mi pound_n in_o india_n than_o pepper_n since_o they_o engross_v the_o trade_n for_o those_o commodity_n and_o the_o use_n of_o callico_n in_o england_n will_v be_v supply_v by_o foreign_a linen_n at_o great_a price_n so_o that_o what_o may_v be_v secure_v from_o this_o nation_n be_v consumption_n will_v in_o probability_n cost_v they_o above_o 400000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o now_o it_o do_v and_o our_o foreign_a trade_n for_o italy_n guiny_n etc._n etc._n will_v in_o part_n decay_n for_o want_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a supply_n there_o be_v another_o notion_n concern_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n which_o i_o think_v not_o impertinent_a here_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o viz._n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o way_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o nation_n get_v or_o lose_v in_o the_o general_a by_o its_o foregoing_a trade_n be_v to_o take_v a_o inspection_n into_o the_o course_n of_o the_o exchange_n be_v general_o above_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n or_o par_fw-fr of_o the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n we_o not_o only_o lose_v by_o such_o exchange_n but_o the_o same_o be_v a_o demonstration_n that_o we_o lose_v by_o the_o general_a course_n of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n and_o that_o we_o require_v more_o supply_n of_o commodity_n from_o abroad_o than_o our_o export_n in_o good_n do_v serve_v to_o purchase_v and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o when_o once_o the_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z above_o the_o true_a value_n of_o foreign_a money_n our_o treasure_n will_v be_v carry_v out_o whatever_o law_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o prevent_v it_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o the_o exchange_n be_v general_o below_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n it_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o our_o export_n do_v in_o value_n exceed_v what_o we_o require_v from_o abroad_o and_o so_o if_o the_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z below_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n return_n will_v be_v make_v for_o england_n in_o the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n now_o that_o there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o truth_n in_o this_o notion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v and_o that_o the_o diligent_a observance_n and_o consideration_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o exchange_n may_v be_v of_o use_n and_o very_o necessary_a in_o many_o respect_n and_o be_v a_o very_a ingenivous_a study_n for_o any_o that_o will_v dive_v into_o the_o mystery_n of_o trade_n yet_o because_o this_o be_v likewise_o subject_a to_o vary_v on_o many_o accident_n of_o emergency_n of_o state_n and_o war_n etc._n etc._n &_o because_o there_o be_v no_o settle_a course_n of_o exchange_n but_o to_o and_o from_o france_n holland_n flanders_n hambrough_n venice_n legorn_v &_o genoa_n and_o that_o there_o be_v many_o other_o great_a and_o eminent_a trade_n beside_o what_o be_v drive_v to_o those_o country_n this_o can_v afford_v a_o true_a and_o satisfactory_a solution_n to_o the_o present_a question_n thus_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o these_o notion_n touch_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n though_o they_o be_v in_o their_o kind_n useful_a notion_n be_v in_o some_o case_n fallible_a and_o uncertain_a if_o any_o shall_v ask_v how_o shall_v we_o then_o come_v to_o be_v resolve_v of_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n i_o answer_v first_o the_o best_a and_o most_o certain_a discovery_n to_o my_o apprehension_n be_v to_o be_v make_v fâ—om_o the_o increase_n or_o diminution_n of_o our_o â—rade_n and_o ship_n in_o general_a for_o if_o our_o trade_n and_o ship_n diminish_v whatever_o profit_n particular_a man_n may_v make_v the_o nation_n undoubted_o lose_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o our_o trade_n and_o ship_n increase_v how_o small_a or_o low_o soever_o the_o profit_n be_v to_o private_a man_n it_o be_v a_o infallible_a indication_n that_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n thrive_v for_o i_o dare_v affirm_v and_o that_o catagorical_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n wherever_o trade_n be_v great_a and_o continue_v so_o and_o grow_v daily_o more_o great_a and_o increase_v in_o ship_n and_o that_o for_o a_o succession_n not_o of_o a_o few_o year_n but_o of_o age_n that_o trade_n must_v be_v national_o profitable_a as_o a_o town_n where_o only_o a_o fair_a be_v keep_v if_o every_o year_n the_o number_n of_o people_n and_o commodity_n do_v augment_v that_o town_n however_o the_o market_n be_v will_v gain_v whereas_o if_o there_o come_v still_o few_o and_o few_o peâ—ple_n and_o commodity_n that_o place_n will_v decline_v and_o decay_v discourse_v once_o with_o a_o noble_a lord_n concern_v this_o measure_n or_o method_n of_o know_v the_o balance_n of_o our_o trade_n or_o more_o plain_o our_o general_a national_a gain_v or_o loss_n by_o trade_n his_o lordship_n be_v please_v to_o oppose_v by_o ask_v two_o very_o proper_a question_n viz._n quest._n 1._o be_v there_o not_o a_o great_a similitude_n between_o the_o affair_n of_o a_o private_a person_n and_o of_o a_o nation_n the_o former_a be_v but_o a_o little_a family_n and_o the_o latter_a a_o great_a family_n i_o
yet_o retain_v a_o sufficient_a number_n to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n and_o cultivate_v our_o land_n at_o home_n i_o answer_v first_o the_o bigness_n of_o army_n be_v not_o always_o a_o certain_a indication_n of_o the_o numerousness_n of_o a_o nation_n but_o sometime_o rather_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o government_n and_o distrubation_n of_o the_o land_n as_o for_o instance_n where_o the_o prince_n and_o lord_n be_v owner_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n although_o the_o people_n be_v thin_a the_o army_n upon_o occasion_n may_v be_v very_o great_a as_o in_o east-india_n turkey_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n where_o taffelet_n be_v late_o say_v to_o have_v a_o army_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o or_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n although_o every_o body_n know_v that_o country_n have_v as_o great_a a_o scarcety_n of_o people_n as_o any_o in_o the_o world_n but_o since_o freeholders_n be_v so_o much_o increase_v in_o england_n &_o the_o servile_a tenor_n alter_v doubtless_o it_o be_v more_o difficult_a as_o well_o as_o more_o chargeable_a to_o draw_v great_a number_n of_o man_n into_o foreign_a war_n 2._o since_o the_o introduction_n of_o the_o new_a artillery_n of_o powder_n shoot_v and_o fire-arm_n in_o the_o world_n all_o war_n be_v become_v as_o much_o rather_o a_o expense_n of_o money_n as_o man_n and_o success_n attend_v those_o that_o can_v most_o &_o long_a spend_v money_n rather_o than_o man_n and_o consequent_o prince_n army_n in_o europe_n be_v become_v more_o proportionable_a to_o their_o purse_n then_o to_o the_o number_n of_o their_o people_n vi_o that_o all_o colony_n and_o foreign_a plantation_n do_v endamage_v their_o mother-kingdom_n whereof_o the_o trade_n of_o such_o plantation_n be_v noâ—_n confine_v to_o their_o say_a mother_n kingdom_n by_o good_a law_n and_o severe_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n 1._o the_o practice_n of_o all_o the_o government_n of_o europe_n witness_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n the_o dane_n keep_v the_o trade_n of_o izland_n to_o themselves_o the_o dutch_a surrenham_n and_o all_o their_o settlement_n in_o east-india_n the_o french_a st_n christopher_n and_o their_o other_o plantation_n in_o the_o west-indies_n the_o portugeeze_n brazil_n and_o all_o the_o coast_n thereof_o the_o spaniard_n all_o their_o vast_a terriories_fw-la upon_o the_o main_a in_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o many_o island_n there_o and_o our_o own_o law_n seem_v to_o design_n the_o like_a as_o to_o all_o our_o plantation_n in_o new-england_n virginia_n barbadoes_n etc._n etc._n although_o we_o have_v not_o yet_o arrive_v to_o a_o complete_a and_o effectual_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n 2._o plantation_n be_v at_o first_o furnish_v and_o afterward_o successive_o supply_v with_o people_n from_o their_o mother_n kingdom_n and_o people_n be_v riches_n that_o loss_n of_o people_n to_o the_o mother_n kingdom_n be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o be_v certain_o a_o damage_n except_o the_o employment_n of_o those_o people_n abroad_o do_v cause_n the_o employment_n of_o so_o many_o more_o at_o home_n in_o their_o mother_n kingdom_n and_o that_o can_v never_o be_v except_o the_o trade_n be_v restrain_v to_o their_o mother_n kingdom_n which_o will_v not_o be_v doubt_v by_o any_o that_o understand_v the_o next_o proposition_n viz._n vii_o that_o the_o dutch_a will_v reap_v the_o great_a advantage_n by_o all_o colony_n issue_v from_o any_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n whereof_o the_o trade_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o confine_v to_o their_o proper_a mother_n kingdom_n this_o proposition_n will_v ready_o be_v assent_v unto_o by_o any_o that_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o low_a interest_n and_o low_a custom_n where_o the_o market_n be_v free_a they_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v the_o trade_n that_o can_v sell_v the_o best_a pennyworth_n that_o buy_v dear_a and_o sell_v cheap_a which_o national_o speak_v none_o can_v do_v but_o those_o that_o money_n at_o the_o low_a rate_n of_o interest_n and_o pay_v the_o least_o custom_n which_o be_v the_o dutch_a and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o before_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n there_o go_v ten_o dutch_a ship_n to_o barbadoes_n for_o one_o english_a viii_o that_o the_o dutch_a though_o they_o thrive_v so_o exceed_o in_o trade_n will_v in_o probability_n never_o endamage_v this_o kingdom_n by_o the_o growth_n of_o their_o plantation_n 1._o in_o fact_n the_o dutch_a never_o do_v much_o thrive_v in_o plant_v for_o i_o do_v remember_v they_o have_v about_o twenty_o year_n past_a tabago_n a_o most_o fruitful_a island_n in_o the_o west-indies_n apt_a for_o the_o production_n of_o sugar_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n that_o be_v propagate_v in_o barbadoes_n and_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v planter_n affirm_v better_o accommodate_v with_o river_n for_o water-mill_n which_o be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o grind_v of_o the_o cane_n this_o island_n be_v still_o in_o their_o possession_n and_o corasoa_n and_o some_o other_o and_o about_o sixteen_o or_o seventeen_o year_n past_a they_o be_v so_o eager_a upon_o the_o improvement_n of_o it_o that_o beside_o what_o they_o do_v in_o holland_n they_o set_v up_o bill_n upon_o the_o exchange_n in_o london_n proffer_v great_a privilege_n to_o any_o that_o will_v transport_v themselves_o thither_o notwithstanding_o all_o which_o to_o this_o day_n that_o island_n be_v not_o the_o ten_o part_n so_o well_o improve_v as_o jamaica_n have_v be_v by_o the_o english_a within_o these_o five_o year_n neither_o have_v the_o dutch_a at_o any_o other_o time_n or_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n make_v any_o improvement_n by_o plant_v what_o they_o do_v in_o the_o east-indies_n be_v only_o by_o war_n trade_n and_o building_n of_o fortify_v town_n and_o castle_n upon_o the_o seacoast_n to_o secure_v the_o sole_a commerce_n of_o the_o place_n and_o with_o the_o people_n which_o they_o conquer_v not_o by_o clear_v break_v up_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o plant_v as_o the_o english_a have_v do_v this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o strong_a argument_n of_o fact_n to_o my_o present_a purpose_n 2._o the_o second_o argument_n to_o prove_v this_o proposition_n be_v from_o reason_n i_o have_v beforementioned_a the_o several_a accident_n and_o method_n by_o which_o our_o foreign_a plantation_n have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n come_v to_o be_v people_v and_o emprove_v now_o the_o dutch_a be_v void_a of_o those_o accident_n be_v destitute_a of_o the_o occasion_n to_o emprove_v foreign_a plantation_n by_o dige_v and_o delve_v as_o the_o english_a have_v do_v for_o 1_o st_o in_o holland_n their_o interest_n and_o custom_n be_v low_a together_o with_o their_o other_o encouragement_n to_o trade_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o treatise_n give_v employment_n to_o all_o their_o people_n bear_v and_o breed_v among_o they_o and_o also_o to_o multitude_n of_o foreigner_n 2._o their_o give_a liberty_n or_o at_o least_o connivance_n to_o all_o religion_n as_o well_o jew_n and_o roman-catholic_n or_o sectary_n give_v security_n to_o all_o their_o inhabitant_n at_o home_n and_o expel_v none_o nor_o put_v a_o necessity_n upon_o any_o to_o banish_v themselves_o upon_o that_o account_n 3._o their_o careful_a and_o wonderful_a provide_v for_o and_o employ_v their_o poor_a at_o home_n put_v all_o their_o people_n utter_o out_o of_o danger_n of_o starve_v or_o necessity_n of_o steal_v and_o consequent_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o hang_v i_o may_v add_v to_o this_o that_o they_o have_v not_o for_o a_o long_a time_n have_v any_o civil_a war_n among_o they_o and_o from_o the_o whole_a conclude_v that_o the_o dutch_a as_o they_o do_v never_o so_o they_o never_o can_v or_o will_v thrive_v by_o plant_v and_o that_o our_o english_a plantation_n abroad_o be_v a_o good_a effect_n proceed_v from_o many_o evil_a cause_n ix_o that_o neither_o the_o french_a spaniard_n or_o portugeeze_n be_v much_o to_o be_v fear_v on_o the_o account_n of_o plant_v not_o for_o the_o same_o but_o for_o other_o reason_n that_o the_o french_a have_v have_v foot_v in_o the_o west-indies_n almost_o as_o long_a as_o the_o english_a be_v certain_a and_o that_o they_o have_v make_v no_o considerable_a progress_n in_o plant_v be_v as_o certain_a and_o find_v it_o so_o in_o fact_n i_o have_v be_v often_o exercise_v my_o thought_n about_o enquiry_n into_o the_o reason_n thereof_o which_o i_o attribute_v especial_o to_o two_o first_o because_o france_n be_v a_o absolute_a government_n have_v not_o until_o very_o late_o give_v any_o countenance_n or_o encouragement_n to_o navigation_n and_o trade_n second_o and_o principal_o because_o the_o french_a settlement_n in_o the_o west-indies_n have_v not_o be_v upon_o freeholders_n as_o the_o english_a be_v but_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o french_a west-india_n company_n which_o company_n be_v under_o the_o french_a king_n as_o lord_z proprietor_n of_o the_o place_n they_o settle_v
answer_v yes_o certain_o there_o be_v quest._n 2._o his_o lordship_n second_o question_n be_v may_v not_o a_o private_a merchant_n be_v or_o seem_v to_o be_v owner_n of_o much_o ship_n drive_v a_o great_a trade_n receive_v and_o send_v out_o many_o good_n and_o yet_o decline_v and_o grow_v poor_a notwithstanding_o all_o his_o tumble_a and_o bussel_v i_o answer_v yes_o certain_o he_o may_v but_o this_o will_v soon_o appear_v either_o while_o he_o live_v or_o at_o his_o death_n and_o his_o great_a trade_n will_v come_v to_o be_v but_o a_o small_a one_o or_o none_o at_o all_o but_o that_o man_n who_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n and_o be_v owner_n or_o employer_n of_o much_o ship_n and_o do_v all_o his_o day_n continue_v and_o increase_v in_o trade_n and_o ship_n and_o his_o son_n or_o successor_n after_o he_o and_o after_o he_o his_o grand_a son_n etc._n etc._n this_o will_v be_v a_o indisputable_a evidence_n that_o that_o person_n or_o family_n do_v thrive_v by_o their_o trade_n for_o if_o they_o have_v not_o thrive_v their_o trade_n will_v not_o have_v long_o continue_v muchless_a increase_v this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o nation_n and_o this_o through_o god_n goodness_n be_v the_o case_n of_o england_n as_o bad_a as_o we_o be_v at_o present_a the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v as_o evident_a as_o the_o first_o for_o where_o a_o great_a trade_n be_v drive_v especial_o where_o much_o ship_n be_v employ_v whatever_o become_v of_o the_o poor_a merchant_n that_o drive_v the_o trade_n multitude_n of_o people_n will_v be_v certain_a gainer_n as_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o officer_n of_o custom_n beside_o shipwright_n butcher_n brewer_n baker_n rope-maker_n porter_n seaman_n manufacturer_n carman_n lighter-man_n and_o all_o other_o artificer_n and_o people_n that_o depend_v on_o trade_n and_o ship_n which_o indeed_o more_o or_o less_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n do_v but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v again_o if_o this_o increase_n of_o trade_n depend_v upon_o and_o proceed_v from_o our_o ordinary_a importation_n for_o which_o our_o ready_a money_n go_v out_o it_o will_v impoverish_v we_o i_o answer_v in_o some_o case_n it_o may_v be_v so_o and_o in_o some_o case_n as_o i_o have_v already_o demonstrate_v it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o but_o that_o will_v best_o be_v know_v by_o the_o effect_n for_o if_o we_o be_v impoverish_v our_o general_a trade_n and_o our_o ship_n will_v necessary_o and_o visible_o grow_v less_o and_o less_o and_o must_v rational_o and_o unavoidable_o do_v so_o for_o that_o be_v impoverish_v we_o shall_v lose_v our_o tool_n our_o stock_n to_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n with_o whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o our_o trade_n in_o the_o gross_a bulk_n of_o it_o though_o we_o may_v decline_v in_o some_o do_v still_o increase_v especial_o our_o ship_n for_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o year_n it_o be_v infallible_a proof_n of_o our_o thrive_a by_o our_o trade_n and_o that_o we_o be_v still_o get_v more_o tool_n more_o stock_n to_o trade_v with_o some_o there_o be_v will_v limit_v this_o discovery_n to_o the_o increase_n and_o dimunition_n of_o our_o coin_n and_o bulloin_v but_o because_o that_o be_v more_o secret_a and_o indiscernible_a it_o can_v i_o conceive_v afford_v so_o clear_a a_o demonstration_n as_o the_o other_o if_o any_o at_o all_o for_o that_o money_n seem_v to_o vulgar_a observer_n most_o plentiful_a when_o there_o be_v least_o occasion_n for_o it_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a more_o scarce_o as_o the_o occasion_n for_o the_o employment_n thereof_o be_v more_o numerous_a and_o advantageous_a according_a to_o which_o we_o shall_v seem_v to_o have_v most_o money_n when_o we_o have_v the_o least_o trade_n and_o yet_o then_o certain_o the_o nation_n get_v least_o this_o be_v apparent_a to_o those_o that_o will_v observe_v that_o when_o the_o east-india-company_n have_v a_o great_a sale_n to_o make_v than_o money_n be_v general_o find_v to_o be_v scarce_o in_o london_n not_o that_o be_v so_o in_o reality_n more_o than_o at_o other_o time_n but_o because_o that_o extraordinary_a occasion_n engage_v man_n to_o employ_v quantity_n which_o they_o provide_v and_o lay_v aside_o for_o that_o purpose_n from_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o a_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n make_v money_n seem_v scarce_o because_o every_o man_n then_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o can_v make_v up_o a_o small_a sum_n send_v it_o into_o the_o goldsmith_n whereof_o more_o be_v say_v before_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o this_o discourse_n i_o answer_v that_o though_o the_o study_n of_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o last_o mention_v respect_n be_v a_o study_n very_o ingenious_a and_o commendable_a yet_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n the_o enquiry_n whether_o we_o get_v or_o lose_v do_v not_o so_o much_o deserve_v our_o great_a pain_n and_o care_n as_o how_o we_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o get_v the_o former_a be_v of_o no_o use_n but_o in_o order_n to_o the_o latter_a and_o this_o therefore_o lead_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o other_o balance_n of_o trade_n as_o most_o useful_a and_o necessary_a viz._n what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o england_n to_o improve_v the_o trade_n thereof_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o equalise_v or_o overbalance_n our_o neighbour_n in_o our_o national_a profit_n by_o our_o foreign_a trade_n i_o answer_v this_o be_v a_o large_a and_o extensive_a question_n and_o require_v to_o resolve_v it_o the_o great_a skill_n and_o experience_n both_o in_o affair_n of_o state_n and_o trade_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v only_o make_v a_o essay_n towards_o it_o which_o the_o whole_a discourse_n foregoing_a be_v and_o therefore_o i_o hope_v the_o reader_n will_v accept_v of_o my_o good_a affection_n to_o my_o country_n herein_o though_o he_o meet_v not_o with_o that_o full_a satisfaction_n he_o may_v expect_v and_o wish_v foâ—_n the_o method_n i_o propose_v for_o the_o further_o answer_v of_o this_o great_a question_n be_v follow_v my_o own_o principle_n that_o if_o trade_n be_v great_a and_o much_o english_a ship_n employ_v it_o will_v be_v good_a for_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n whatever_o it_o may_v be_v for_o private_a merchant_n first_o to_o lay_v down_o some_o general_a rule_n for_o the_o enlargement_n of_o trade_n in_o england_n and_o then_o some_o way_n of_o reduce_v those_o general_a rule_n into_o use_n and_o practice_n the_o general_a rule_n for_o the_o enlargement_n of_o trade_n be_v not_o many_o 1._o increase_v hand_n in_o trade_n 2._o increase_v stock_n in_o trade_n 3._o make_v trade_n easy_a and_o ncessary_a i._n e._n make_v it_o our_o interest_n to_o trade_n 4._o make_v it_o the_o interest_n of_o other_o nation_n to_o trade_n with_o we_o 1._o to_o increase_v hand_n in_o trade_n the_o follow_a particular_n will_v much_o contribute_v one_a a_o act_n of_o naturalisation_n beforementioned_a 2._o some_o enlargement_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o society_n of_o merchant_n as_o before-limitted_n 3._o a_o more_o easy_a and_o free_a admission_n of_o inhabitant_n merchant_n and_o artificer_n to_o be_v burgher_n of_o our_o city_n and_o bourough_n 4._o not_o to_o hinder_v any_o man_n from_o keep_v as_o many_o servant_n as_o he_o can_v nor_o loom_n working-tool_n etc._n etc._n 5._o to_o abate_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n as_o aforesaid_a 6._o some_o relaxation_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n will_v keep_v our_o own_o people_n at_o home_n and_o invite_v other_o to_o we_o and_o consequent_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o our_o hand_n in_o trade_n 7._o employ_v educate_v and_o relieve_v the_o poor_a so_o as_o they_o may_v neither_o be_v idle_a nor_o perish_v for_o want_n or_o leave_v the_o land_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o misery_n 8._o give_v such_o honour_n and_o perferment_n to_o merchant_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o their_o experience_n &_o education_n have_v fit_v they_o for_o will_v doubtless_o increase_v their_o number_n te_fw-la increase_v our_o stock_n in_o trade_n 1._o all_o the_o six_o foregoing_a particular_n will_v very_o much_o contribute_v especial_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n because_o bring_v in_o of_o more_o stock_n for_o that_o the_o person_n engage_v in_o trade_n must_v necessary_o bring_v in_o their_o stock_n with_o they_o if_o they_o have_v any_o and_o for_o artiâ—icers_n that_o have_v none_o their_o labour_n in_o consequence_n will_v generate_v stock_n to_o the_o nation_n and_o increase_v that_o we_o have_v already_o 2._o a_o law_n for_o transferrance_n of_o bill_n of_o debt_n as_o beforementioned_a will_v much_o and_o speedy_o augment_v our_o useful_a stock_n 3._o the_o restrain_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o our_o own_o plantation_n whole_o to_o england_n and_o prevent_v all_o kind_n of_o abuse_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o act_n of_o trade_n and_o navigation_n will_v tend_v much_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o stock_n in_o trade_n 4._o the_o secure_n