speech and yet subiect to choller high minded and not willing to be braued of any how great soeuer as hee did often shew to King Charles the 7. and Lewis the 11. of France he was very curious to entertaine peace with his subiects whom hee loued and sought their quiet so in his time all his countries flourished in wealth and aboundance Hee was a wiseman discreet charitable and a great Almes-giuer by reason whereof hee was called the good but full of reuenge and very ambitious desiring to make himself great by what means so-euer as appeared by so many fals bounds which he played to the contesse of Holland his cosin He exceeded all his Predecessors Dukes of Bourgongne in riches Seigneories greatnes of state and pompe so as in his time there was no Christian Prince that for his qualitie might be compared vnto him He tooke pleasure to breed vp and nourish sundry strange and wilde beasts He had a Gyant and many Turks among his houshold seruants which he had caused to be baptized The Duke being dead the Earle of Charolois his onely sonne and sole heire called for the Seales the which he presently brake This done after that he had giuen order for the dead body vntill his returne he tooke poste and went to Lille where he sealed vp the chamber and the cofers of his fathers treasure appointing gardes that none might touch them then he returned presently to Bruges where hee perfourmed the funeralles of his father with great pompe and state his heart was buried in the Church of Arras and his body was layed in a coffin of leade and left in the Church vntill that it should be transported from thence to Ierusalem and interred neere to the holy Sepulchre hauing giuen great giftes to the Couent of Fryars of the said Sepulcher The Lady Isabel his wife dyed the 17. of December in the yeare 1471. in the towne of Aire and was interred in the cloyster of Nunnes at Gouvay by Bethune afterwards her bodie and the duke her husbands were carried to the Chartreux by Digeon in Bourgongne where as they lie vnder a stately tombe of brasse guilt richly curiously wrought About that time the art of Printing was inuented wherof those of Harlem in Holland challenge the first honor yet afterwards it was brought to perfection at Mentz by one that had been seruant to Laurence Ianson of Harlem the first inuentor and ranne from him to Mentz with his tooles they write his name was Iohn Faustus as they of Harlem do constantly affirme Carolus Dux Burgund CHARLES THE WARLIKE THE 1. OF that Name the 31. Earle of Holland and Zeeland Lord of Frizeland Duke of Bourgongne Brabant Lembourg Luxemburg Earle of Flanders Arthois Henault and Namur Lord of Salins and Macklyn Of so many goodly Countries successor to my father Of three wiues I had but one only heire At Montlehery I defeyted the French brauely At Macklyn I erected my heigh Parliament Being incensed I made the Liegeois feele my splene If against the Cantons I had not taken Armes I had beene more happie and cruell death Had not shewed his force against me at Nancy The Argument of the fourth Booke CHARLES Duke of Bourgongne in the life of his father the good Duke Philip was called Earle of Charolois the 31. Earle of Holland c. At his first entrie into Gant the Inhabitants maintayned against him but he brought them vnder The Liegeois breake the peace and entred into warre against the Duke he defeats them in Battaile wherevpon the Towne of Liege yeelded The Duke of Bourgongne makes a peace with the French king who comes to the Duke to Peronne hee was in feare there least the Duke should haue detained him The Liegeois arme a newe against the Duke of Bourgongne he forceth King Lewis to go with him to the fiege of their Towne the which he ruines practises to ruine the house of Brederode The Duke makes war against the Frisons He entertaines many Princes with the hope of marrying with his daughter The french king the Duke of Bourgongne seek to deceiue one another The Constable of S. Poll growes odious to thē both they resolut to ruine him He seeks to reconcile the duke of Gelders his son besiegeth Neuse The motiue of the war against the Swisses A truce for nine years betwixt the Duke and the French king they sweare the Constables death who in the end is beheaded at Paris The duke makes war against the Swisses he is defeated by them first at Granson then at Morat wherewith the Swisses were inriched the Duke besiegeth Nancy where he was slaine in battaile by the treason of the Earle of Campobachio an Italian Marie of Bourgongne his only daughter succeeds him and was the 32. commanding in Holland c The French Long seazeth vpon the townes of Piccardie and Arthois with an intent to ruine her this Princesse being in the Ganthois power suffers much putting her cheefest seruants and Councellors to death the Flemings defeated and the yong Duke of Gellers slaine A marriage betwixt Maximilian of Austria the Emperor Fredericks sonne and the Lady Marie of Bourgongne CHARLES of Bourgongne called the Warlike for that hee had been so great a Warrior succeeded vnto Duke Philip of Bourgongne his father in all his Estates Siegneories was Duke of Bourgongne Brabant Lembourg and Luxembourg Earle of Flanders Arthois Henault Bourgongne Holland Zeeland and Namur Marquis of the holy Empire and Lord of Friseland Salins and Macklyn His father hauing left him great treasures of Gold and Siluer hee bought or as some write had in morgage of Sigismond Arch-duke of Austria the Earledome of Ferret in the Countrie of Elsatia neere vnto Basill in Swisserland vpon the Rhin somewhat neere to the Dutchie of Bourgongne and too farre from Sigismond to defend it from the incursions of neighbour Princes Hee was 33. yeare olde when hee succeeded all these goodly Estates Katherine the daughter of King Charles the 7. of France was first promised him to wife but she dyed yong before she was married Afterwards hee married Elizabeth daughter to the Duke of Burbon his cousin by whome hee had one daughter and onely heire called Marie This Dutches Elizabeth being dead he marryed Marguerite daughter to Richard Duke of Yorke and sister to Edward the fourth King of England by whom hee had not any children His father gaue him in his youth to maintaine his estate the Earldome of Charolois which is in the Contie of Bourgongne otherwise called Franch Contie with the Siegniors of Bethune Arckel and Bellain In his fathers life time he wanne from the Sea a great circuit of countrie opposite to Rotterdam causing a Village to be built there the which hee called with the whole countrie by his name Charolois and so it continues vnto this day Hee had begunne a great fort in the towne of Gorrichom vppon the Riuer of Wahal but it remained during his life
from entring furnishing some munition of corne and oats for the Kings armie Leauying fiue thousand men for the guard of the Towne if happely they should offer to force them The confederate princes came to Vlme which refused to bee of their vnion Beeing arriued there they houered about the Towne And for that the Inhabitants were so insolent to shoote at them they demanded for reparation of this outrage three hundred thousand Crownes The which beeing refused they spoiled them all they could From thence Duke Maurice went to Lints in Austria to vnderstand from King Ferdinand the conditions of peace For that Ferdinand desired greatly to pacefie things with the Emperors consent After that hee had conferred with him hee returned to the armie and the next day they marched towards the Alpes Heerevppon the Iudges of the Imperiall Chamber fledde from Spyer For it was against them that both the French King and the Princes were incensed laying vppon them all the blame and cause oâ—… these troubles In the meane time the Queene of Hongary the Emperors sister made an Assembly at Aix la Chappelle vpon the Confines of the Duchie of Iuilliers to make a League with them The Prince of Cleues and Iuilliers excused himselfe by his Ambassadors Adolph Bishop of Cologne came and so did George of Austria Bishop of Liege The French King being come to Weissenbourg after that hee had left the territory of Strasbourg seeing that there was not any thing to bee gotten the Ambassadors of the Prince Elector Palatin of the Archbishops of Mentz and Treues and of the the dukes of Cleues and wirtemberg which were assembled at Wormes for the good of the Common-weale went vnto the King intreating him that hee would not wast and spoile the champion country but take pittie of the poore commons and incline his heart to peace Duke Maurice for his part did also write vnto the King in the which was conteined what had beene treated at Lints with King Ferdinand requiring the King whome Maurice would haue comprehended in the treaty of peace to declare with what conditions he would compound with the Emperour The King found by these letters that they were weary of him in Germany and to say the truth the Princes would not willingly haue seene him aduance so as two daies after he retired with his army againe into Lorraine so into France But before his departure he answered the ambassadors saying that hee had obtained that for which hee came into Germany with his army seeing that the Princes Prisoners should bee deliuered which was the chiefe cause of the warre and therefore he had wonne honor ynough That if it euer chanced that Germany had neede of him that hee would spare neither his labour purse nor person that hearing nowe that his enemies had assayled him within his Realme hee would returne As for that which they writ of the Emperor and of a peace he referred himselfe to them c. with some other complements The King was no sooner gone out of France towardes Germany but presently the Emperors armie of the Netherlandes whereof Martin van Rossen was Commander entred and burnt the frontiers of Champagne and tooke Astenay a towne seated neere to the riuer of Meuze of the Iurisdiction of Lorraine whereon the French had but lately seized Some say it was one of the causes that made the King retire with his army the second was for that hee did not allowe of Duke Maurice his proceeding touching the peace and the third was for that hee had beene deceiued of his expectation vpon the towne of Strasbourg the which hee would willingly haue had as good cheape as hee had gotten Metz Toul and Verdun but Strasbourg was too great a morcell the which if hee had swalloed the Germaines might at leysure haue repented that euer they had called him Beeing retired out of Germanie hee beganne to march the two and twenty of May so as hauing past the Riuer of Mosella hee entred into Luxembourg where hee wasted spoyled and burnt all imitating as hee sayd Martin van Rossen and recouered the towne of Astenay the which hee found without garrison the Borguignons and Rossen being retired vpon the first bruit of the Kings approch Then he went with his armie before Danuilliers the which was yeelded vnto him and then Yuois the strongest place of the country Peeter Ernest Earle of Mansfieldt Gouernor of the countrie was in it with the floure of all the the youth of Luxembourg who were all taken by the French and the towne spoyled through a mutiny among the soldiars against the Kings will as they sayd Duke Maurice after his returne from the treatie at Lints to the Army of the confederate Princes he beeing gone King Ferdinand went presently to Inspruch to the Emperor his Brother to let him vnderstand what had beene treated betwixt them And that at Maurice his returne to the army hee marched with his companions towards the Alpes who being thrust on by du Fresne the French Kings Ambassador they were resolued to charge those soldiars which the Emperor caused to be leuied in that quarter The 18. of May approching to Fiesse which is a smal towne at the entry of the Alpes they sent some troupes to discouer euen vnto the straights which the Emperors men held whereof they tooke some prisoners from whom they learned the estate of that quarter The next day they aduanced with their foote and onely two hundred men at armes and tooke the way to Fiesse nere vnto Rutte they came vnto the straight of the Mountaines which some eight hundred of the Emperors men held with two field peeces whom they assayled won the passage and chased the enemies who flying away strooke a feare into them that were nere vnto Rutte The Princes followed them at the heeles and so charged the rest as they defeated them where there were about a 1000. slaine and drowned The next day they marched towards the fort of Ereberg where they happily tooke the fort vnder the Castell and were maisters of the entries of the passage and tooke the great Canon which was ready mounted This done they crept vp the mountaine the which was very steepe euen vnto the Castell although they played continually vpon them with their small shotte There were within it thirteene companies of foote whereof nine captaines were taken and three Germaines with one Italian escaped there were about 3000. prisoners and the Princes lost few of their men The 22. of May two regiments were sent to Inspruck by the Alpes which is but two dayes iourney from thence all their Caualerie remained with one regiment about Fiesse and Rutte to garde the passage Maurice and the confederate Princes followed the next day and ioyned with their foote neere vnto Zirle which is but two leagues from Inspruck The Emperor hearing newes that Eruberg was taken departed hastily in the night and with great confusion from Inspruck with his brother Ferdinand
hauing assembled certaine gentlemen and others thereabouts set vpon foure companies of Netherlanders that were entred too farre within the countrey thinking to be seconded by the English men that were gone into their ships vpon the newes of the French mens comming and slew and tooke many of them prisoners whereupon they returned home againe with their ships without any further enterprise or that any man could certainely learne what their pretence was In the moneth of August both the kings of Spaine and France assembled their powers notwithstanding that the prince of Orange secretly parlyed with the constable of Fraunce and the marshall of Saint Andrewes as then prisoners concerning a peace And vpon the one and twentieth of August king Philip went vnto his armie as then being about Dorlens being thirtie thousand foot and foureteene thousand horse-men amongst the which were many high Dutch vnder the conduct of Ericke and Ernest dukes of Brunswicke the duke of Holst the earles of Wartstenborgh Mansfield Rennenbergh and others and besides Emanuel Philibert duke of Sauoy lieutenant generall for the king there was the duke of Parma and Plaisance the duke of Seminara the prince of Sulmona the duke of Arry the earles of Palicastro Bagin and Landi and the lord Ascanio de Cornia and of Spanish noble men there was the dukes of Alua Arcos Francauilla and Vilhermosa the marques of Balanga and Aquillar the earles of Fonsalida and Melito of Netherlanders there was William van Nassaue prince of Orange Lanioral earle of Egmont the duke of Arschot the marques of Bergen and Renti the earles of Horne Arenbergh Bossu Megen Ligni Teux and Hooghstrate the barons of Montigni Barlaymont Glayon and others The king of France also had assembled a mightie armie about Pierrepont most consisting of Dutch men Swissers and some Italians the Dutch men alone were 8000 horse-men to the which armie Henry king of France vpon the eight of August came thither in person accompanied with the king of Nauarre the duke de Montpensier the duke of Guise the kings lieutenant generall the duke of Lorraine Neuers Nemours Aumale and Boullion all French men The strangers were Hans William duke of Saxon second sonne to Hans Frederick the elector the duke of Lunenbourgh one of the Lantgraue of Hessens sonnes the princes of Ferrara and Salerne the duke of Somnia and diuers other marquesses earles and barons which would bee ouer long to rehearse and with this armie marched to Amyens and there past ouer the riuer of Some and incamped themselues not farre from the Burguignons that lay strongly incamped along by the riuer of Authie where many skirmishes were giuen betweene both those armies but the French men still remembring the two ouerthrowes that they had receiued not long before lay strongly intrenched and durst not venter to the hazard of a battaile for that the great power of those two kings on both sides that were there in person made them both lye still and to haue regard of their owne safeties and considering the great hurt that they might do each vnto the other if they had entred into battail and that on the other side their greatest powers consisted most of strange nations it made both the kings the rather to hearken vnto a peace and to that end by both their consents there was a place appointed for to meet in which was the abbey of Corcampe not farre from thence And to intreat of the said peace in October there appeared for the king of Spaine the duke of Alua the prince of Orange Rigomes de Silua Anthony Perrenot bishop of Arras and doctor Vigilius Swichem president and for the king of Fraunce the cardinall of Lorraine Annade Montmorancy constable of France Iaques de Albon marshall of Saint Andrewes that paying ransome were both released of their imprisonment Iohn de Moruilliers bishop of Orleans and Claude de Aubespine secretarie and with those deputies as allied on both sides there sat the duchesse of Lorraine with her sonne the young duke the meane time vpon hope of a peace both the kings began to lessen their armies and to seperate them one from the other and in the moneth of Nouember discharged diuers of their men And while the deputies were in treatie and had almost agreed vpon a mariage betweene the king of Fraunce his eldest daughter and Don Charles prince of Spaine and betweene the king of France his sister and the duke of Sauoy and thought verily to fall to an agreement nothing wanting but to content the queene of England who by her embassadours much pressed them to haue Calis restored vnto her againe without the which king Philip also would hearken to no peace It happened that queene Mary the kings wife died without issue vpon the seuenteenth of Nouember in the yeare 1558 after that shee had raigned fiue yeares and odde monethes whereby the said peace was prolonged off for the space of two moneths after This yeare vpon the first of Februarie queene Elenor Dowager of France and Portugal died in Spaine And vpon the 18 of October after died Mary queene of Hongary that had been regent in the Netherlands and one that greatly esteemed of that countrey who vnwillingly departed from thence but yet would not seeme to displease the emperour her brother that was in great care least she would haue taken too much vpon her in the Netherlands which might dislike the king his son wherunto such as were chiefe rulers vnder the king of Spaine were great soliciters least they should be troubled with any contradicters The emperour Charles the fifth likewise died the same yeare vpon the 21 of September being S. Mathews day in the couent of S. Iust of a hot burning feuer in the eight and fiftieth yere of his age after he had been thirtie six yeres emperour and fortie yeares king of Spaine Some write that when hee lay in his death bed by meanes of some admonition giuen him by the archbishop of Toledo or by that which he before had heard in Germany he acknowledged that hee hoped for his saluation onely by the death and passion of our Sauiour Iesus Christ and by no other meanes according to the opinion of the reformed Church This emperour Charles was a man of middle stature well proportioned of bodie and limmes faire faced high foreheaded friendly of countenance somewhat browne eyed high nosed his mouth somewhat gaping which he tooke from the Bourguignon princes and kings of France and a faire beard his haire browne both a good horse and foot-man familiar friendly speaking many languages in his youth sound of body of complexion sanguine which beeing mixed with melancholy bloud made him wise and politique but withall very suspitious and griple and in his aged daies salt flegmaticke humors falling into his pores caused him to be mild that so tempered his bloud and choler within him that he could master and ouercome his wrath and hastinesse He was in truth a religious deuout mightie
Which their request he would gladly haue denied them but for that they earnestly alledged all their priuiledges and shewed him the copy thereof and what he had promised and sworne and to the contrary must haue beene forced to protest against him he was content to grant that they should depart out of the countrey within three months after but it fell not out in halfe a yere at the least when he had great need of them about the losse of the Island of Zerby in Barbary The cause why the states were so earnest to haue the Spaniards out of the countrey was for that many courtiers wholly depending vpon the king in great credit with him and as then staying in the Netherlands had made it knowne abroad that they were much moued and hoped for a reuenge for that in the last of the nine yeares schating they were denied the receiuing and distribution of the mony and that the states themselues receiued it and paid it vnto their owne countrimen by their seruants whereby the said courtiers nailes were pared which they openly interpreted to bee a kind of disobedience as if they would prescribe lawes vnto the prince and not trust him with the managing of the common mony With them diuers that sought gouernment and authoritie ioined themselues both strangers and others that sought to further and aduance the opinion of the king and the duke of Alua and also the Spanish Inquisition and the Spaniards which was that it was not possible to driue the Lutherans or heretickes out of the Netherlands nor out of Spaine but they must first find means to obtaine absolute and ful obedience authoritie and commaund for the king whereby they might then plant the Spanish Inquisition therein without the which two points they were to account the Netherlands as lost countries which was to be brought to passe by strange garrisons which things being known and perceiued by the best experienced men amongst the states caused them so earnestly to desire the departure of the Spaniards out of the Netherlands This pretence of these counsellors and the Spanish hatred was at the same time sufficiently made knowne vnto the greatest personages of the Netherlands and that it was resolued that the authors of the petition touching the departure and withdrawing of the Spaniards should be well punished and namely a Spanish counsellor that bare a good affection vnto the nobilitie and gentlemen of the Netherlands came to the prince of Orange the earle of Egmont and others playing at Chesse and giuing them warning asked them if they had so much time to play and made no more account touching the request made then vnto the king with such like words which they earnest at their play esteemed to be spoken in ieast but when they had made an end of their play the prince of Orange said to the earle of Egmont as he was a very politicke prince that those words vttered by that counsellor were not spoken in vaâ—…e and therefore desired the earle of Egmont as being very familiar with the said counsellor to speake more at large with him about the same which he did who made him answere That they were to looke vnto themselues and esteeme them to be forewarned by a friend namely that it was determined by the king and his counsell That all those that signed to the petition to haue the Spaniards withdrawne out of the Netherlands or once consented thereunto should be punished for the same at conuenienter time whereof as a friend he gaue them warning And so when all things were ordained and made readie for the kings iourney hee tooke his leaue of the states at Gaunt aboue all things recommending vnto them the maintenance of the Catholicke religion and punishment of heretickes and went to Zeeland where there was a great fleet of ships ready to saile with him exceeding well prouided of all things and amongst the rest great store of capons and hennes to the number of 15000 at the least whereby you may esteeme what the rest of the prouision might be and vpon the 26 of August 1559 he set saile and departed from Vlishing with 20 Spanish and Biscayne shippes 30 hulkes and 40 other shippes and with a good wind in few daies landed at Lacedo in Biscaye where presently the wind changed The counsell of Spaine thought his returne into those countries to be very necessary in regard that the Lutherans began greatly to encrease within the land for the which cause presently vpon his arriuall in Spaine he caused great and rigorous execution to be done not only vpon men but also vpon women and with great and solemne pompe and ceremonies burnt diuers of them and punished others with seuerall kinds of torments and in the moneth of September when he came to Valedolit in October after being personally present with all his court he caused 28 gentlemen of great houses and some of the best in Spaine to bee burnt before him and after that great persecution ensued This yeare in Ianuary Isabella the French kings daughter was brought to the frontiers of France by the king of Nauarre and the Cardinall of Bourbon in great magnificence where she was receiued at Rouceaulx by the Cardinal of Burgos and the duke of Infantasgo and by them conueyed into Castilia to the king and vpon the 31 of Ianuarie with great pompe and solemnitie she was maried vnto him where it is said that during the feast it cost the king two thousand duckets euery day and not long after prince Charles the kings onely sonne was openly proclaimed and declared to be heire apparent vnto all the kingdomes and dominions then in his fathers possession and oath of fidelitie made vnto him for the same This yeare likewise the new riuer made from Antuerpe to Brussels was fully finished which aboue thirtie yeares before had beene begun by them of Brussels digging through many small hilles fields and wayes for which purpose they had bought all the grounds where the said riuer should passe thorow vpon the which they made foure faire great sluces to keepe out the vpper water and digged it so deepe that great ships might passe along within the same Amman van Brussels duke of Lockeghem a great furtherer of this worthy worke was for the same much commended and praised of all the people This yeare vpon the sixteenth of October king Philip erected an Vniuersitie in Doway and endowed it with great reuenewes wherein the Iesuites haue certaine colledges which they of Louen much disliked and in the time of the Emperor Charles in Anno 1530 hindered and staied the erecting therof but at this time without the knowledge of Louen or of the townsmen of Doway it selfe by the procurement of Cardinall Granuelle president Vigilius and the counsellor Nigri it was by the king strongly granted and confirmed by Pope Paul the fourth The reasons the king had to moue him thereunto were That youth might there to the furtherance of the Catholicke religion be
end all will bee but words they hauing neither will nor meanes to succour vs as they promise Besides the Huguenots here are strong and looke big I will not omit any thing that is possible to be done whereof I will aduertise your highnesse vpon all occasions But aboue all I beseech you gouerne your selfe with great dexteritie in the behalfe of those three that I haue named From Paris the nine and twentieth of August 1566. These letters shew sufficiently in what sort they would entertaine these noblemen namely the prince of Orange and the earles of Egmont and Horne seeing that they held themselues assured in Spaine of the marquesse of Berghes and the baron of Montignie and that in their opinions after they had dispatched these they would easily preuaile ouer the earles of Hoochstraten Culenbourg and Berghen the lord of Brederode and other of the chiefe nobles of the confederats vsing as their instruments therein other noblemen as the earles of Megen Baâ—…lamont and his fiue or sixe sonnes Noircarmes Beaâ—…oir and others whom they had at their deuotion hating and enuying the other three noblemen and all the confederats The resolution then beeing taken in the counsell of Spaine that there was no meanes more expedient to pacifie the troubles of the Netherlands than to reduce the people and all the nobilitie to their antient yea to an entire and absolute obedience by force of armes the question was to chuse a commaunder for this action which was weightie and of so great importance Some were of opinion That if those of the countrey did see prince Charles the kings sonne and their naturall prince they would presently yeeld him all obedience But those that bare an inueterat hatred vnto the countrey as the cardinall of Granuelle and his like excused him of so heauie a burthen by reason of his youth then the duke of Medina-Celi was named but the Duke of Alua was preferred before him notwithstanding the priuiledges of the countrey which admit no strange gouernour but one that is borne in the countrey as an antient captaine of good experience and fortunat in warre to whom this charge was giuen Whereat prince Charles beeing much discontented could not containe himselfe but burst forth in some words of dislike against the duke whereby hee discouered the loue hee bare vnto these countries being his inheritance and the feare hee had that the duke would oppresse them too much saying vnto him Beware that thou doest not oppresse my people least I bee reuenged To whom the duke answered I thanke God I haue a â—…aster for the remainder of my life and am not to be commanded by you These noblemen the prince of Orange the earles of Egmont Horne Hoochstrate and Lodowike of Nassau hauing seene these letters and well considered of those which the baron of Montigny had written out of Spaine to the earle of Horne his brother containing the kings discontentment touching the troubles happened in the Netherlands aduertising them to doe their best endeuour to redresse it to the end that the king beeing in time pacified hee should haue no occasion to come into the countrey or to remedie it by armes All which aduertisements hauing put the noblemen in great perplexitie and doubt they assembled the third of October in the towne of Deuremonde to resolue what should bee most fit and conuenient for their assurance and preseruation wherein they were of diuers opinions some saying That they should not feare that the king would be so rigorous some were of opinion to retire out of the country and to giue place to the kings furie if he came into the countrey with aâ—… armie others said That if they would remaine well vnited together that there was meanes to resist his forces wherein they should neither want friends nor strength The earle of Egmont who had more credit than any with the souldiers of the countrey said That they should endeuour by all good dueties and offices to pacifie his Maiestie and not be so much amazed at Francis d'Allanas letters that they ought not to oppose themselues to any thing that it should please the king to command the which hee said he did not find tollerable in conscience but that they ought to acquaint him with all affaires that being better informed hee may prouide for them That euerie one should doe his best endeuour to appease the troubles and to pacific the people as well as the nobilitie to the end his Maiestie might know them that haue best discharged themselues in his seruice And whereas some were of opinion to retire rather out of the countrey that hee could not doe it hauing no meanes to liue in a strange countrey with his wife children and family in his estate and qualitie from his lands and liuing being needfull for him to depend wholy vpon the kings fauor without the which he could not do any thing This resolution of the earle of Egmont wherunto the earl of Horn did partly conforme himselfe did so amaze the other noblemen as after they had been fiue or six houres together in conference they retired without any other conclusion but that euerie one should stand vpon his guard holding from that time forward the earle of Egmont for suspect who went from thence to Brussels where hee complained to the duchesse of Francis d Allanas letters the which she denied constantly vntil that being vanquished by his own hand she said That they must not take it nor interpret it in that sence they did The earle of Horne soone after the conference at Deuremonde went likewise to Brusels where for that he vnderstood that all his actions were ill taken hee gaue an account of all his dealings in Tournay and Tournesis vnto the Gouernesse the which hee left in her hands in writing And for that he found that they distrusted him he retired from Brussels and went to his castle of Waert from whence he writ vnto the king dated the twentieth of Nouember all the estate of his actions iustifying himselfe of many things wherewith they charged him to his Maiestie setting downe the reason why hee had absented himselfe from court and retired to his house Hee writ also to the baron of Montigny his brother being in Spaine complaining among other things That they had called his loyaltie in question and that they did interpret all his good seruices for ill deseruings saying That he held his brother happie to be in Spaine farre from so great troubles discontentments and disgraces But soone after these two poore brethren were paid with one kind of coine as we shall see by the kings letters of the three and twentieth of August sent vnto the duchesse The confederat gentlemen might easily conceiue whereto tended the great preparation for warre in Spaine and the threats which the king vsed against them Wherefore euerie one was of opinion to prouide for his safetie and those that were of the religion and trusted least to the duchesse letters of assurance
town of Vianen and therabouts but he would not trust to it seeing that the prince himselfe did not trust but had aduertised him Wherfore the superintendents of the towne hauing furnished him with ships victuals mony in loane he retired the 27 of April about midnight being accompanied by many gentlemen and other confederats He went towards Embden and from thence into the country of Cont Ioos of Schouwenburch whereas the 15 of February the yeare following 1568 he died in the castle of Haremburch of the iurisdiction of Reockelinghuysen and lieth buried at Gemme He and his predecessors haue alwaies bin of great reputation as well for their nobilitie being issued from the most noble earles of Holland and Zeeland as for their great possessions and alliances His father was Reinold lord of Brederode of Vianen Almeyden c. knight of the order of the golden Fleece and one of the brauest men at armes in his time And as for him enioying the same possessions hee was captaine of one of the kings bands of Ordnance a man of a tall stature and a cheerefull countenance somewhat reddish with curled haire valiant as might be suddaine cholericke and resolute in that which he designed yet liberall and courteous In his youth he carried for his deuice Peut estre And after his retreat out of the countrey he would vsually say Lord preserue my soule and mine honour He had to wife the lady Emilia contesse of Nieuwenar who a yeare after his death married againe with the Palatine Frederic prince elector His souldiers which were at Vianen and the forts thereabouts went forth with their colours flying the eight and twentieth of Aprill before day passing by Amsterdam where they spoyled and ruined the cloyster of the Chartrons Monkes then taking their way along the dike of Sparendam they went to Egmont where they spoyled the abbey and passing through West-Friseland they imbarked at Medenblyck The earle of Meghen pursuing them with his Regiment and approching neere to Amsterdam terrified the bourgesses especially the Protestants who feared least the Catholickes should suffer them to enter wherefore they were all night in armes and their feare encreased the more for that they heard that the lord of Noircarmes aduanced thitherwards with other troupes and artillerie Meghen not able to ouertake Brederodes men retyred towards Vtrecht spoyling the countreymen vnder colour that they had lodged them as they passed There were yet remayning in the towne of Vianen three companies vnder the Seignior of Vchtenbroec Nyuelt and Renesse on the six and twentieth of Aprill they went forth to skirmish with them of the fort of Vaert but they were well encountred and some of them were taken prisoners among others the Seignior of Renesse who was carried to the castle of Vredenburch in Vtrecht where afterwards hee was beheaded Duke Erick of Brunswicke was about Vianen wasting and spoyling the countrey wherewith the garrison and bourgesses were so terrified as vpon the third of May they did abandon it and fled some here some there The duke entred it vpon the fifth of the moneth his souldiers committing all the insolencies that might be he caused the gates to be taken downe and left the place open Some gentlemen thinking to retyre by sea out of Holland to goe to Embden were by the disloyaltie of their marriner beeing cast vpon a banke of sand betwixt Harlingen and Staueren betrayed and deliuered to captaine Muyert of Cont Arenberghs regiment who caried them prisoners to the castle of Harlingen among the which were two brethren Thierry and Ghisbrecht barons of Batenbourch Siurd of Beyma and Hartman Galama gentlemen of Friseland the which were afterwards sent to Brussels by the duchesse commandement The 28 of May the Gouernesse seeing her affaires so successefull in the townes of Antuerpe and Amsterdam caused a most rigorous proclamation to be made the which chased many Protestants out of the countrey and the 13 of Iune following she caused an instruction to be made for all the prouinciall courts containing how they should proceed against the Protestants She did also write vnto all the townes how the magistrats should gouern themselues to restraine the people from retiring out of the country and did also make an Edict to that end As the persecutions began now to grow more violent against the Protestants and that there was no more hope of mercie in the king nor duchesse and that their only refuge was a retreat and exile out of the countrey To the end that after ages might not iudge lightly of all that had passed nor of the beginning of these troubles whereof so many miseries haue followed the said Protestants caused a little booke to be printed in forme of an apologie to iustifie both the nobility and the people And whereas their aduersaries had grounded all their accusations of Rebellion high Treason vpon the deliuerie of the noblemens petition the publike preaching the carrying of armes and vpon the breaking of Images they did answere pertinently to euery point as well by liuely reasons as examples both out of the holy Scriptures and prophane hystories both ancient and moderne Whereby they concluded that the nobilitie cannot be iustly taxed for their behauiour and proceeding in the presenting of the said petition nor yet the people charged for their assemblies publicke preaching bearing of armes and beating and pulling downe of Images of any sedition tumult mutinie or rebellion as their calumniators would then haue vniustly accused them and that vpon the said accusations the Inquisition and Counsell of Spaine had concluded so tyrannously and barbarously against them and by their aduice was so iudged by the king himselfe By these meanes the Regent got the masterie ouer the Netherlands so that in all the seuenteene Prouinces there was no resistance made against her and the gentlemen truly called Gueux that is beggers were with diuers other men of good qualitie and reputation that had meanes to liue in good sort within their owne countries forced to be beggers and strangers in forraine nations being many thousands in number and yet during their absence they neuer left off their manner of Netherlands apparell which they vsed there in hope one day to returne home againe They that stayed in the Netherlands were imprisoned hanged and put to death others liued in miserable and continuall feare and sorrow and most of them driuen to pouertie as in the hystorie ensuing shall be declared Such are the iudgements of God and yet iust good and true FERDINANDVS A TOLEDO DVX ALVA MAR CORIAE GVBERNAT ET CAPITA GENER BELGICAE FERDINANDO ALVARES OF TOLEdo duke of Alua Lieutenant Gouernor and Captaine Generall of the Netherlands for Philip the second K. of Spaine To bring the Belgians that heretickes were thought Anâ—… rebels in subiection all practises I sought To put invre and rul'd by force and crueltie Constraining them by meere deceit by fraud and subtiltie To build vp castles great and make strong citadels That serued
lady who hearing the noise cōming vp to his chamber rose in his shirt and as the seignior of la Noue entred hee only asked if his men had made no resistance to whom they answered yes but it was the fortune of the warre then recommending the honor of his wiues women who were also in bed he intreated they would do them no wrong which Monsieur de la Noue promised yet the Frenchmen filled their pockets with their chaines and iewels which done they tooke him the rest prisoners The earle remained long prisoner in Gant afterwards in the castle of Ramekins in Zeeland The ladies and his brother Charles were soone released againe Many troubles and vprores rising in Friseland and thereabouts the prince of Orange went to Dort in Holland the archduke Mathias going with him to Breda he entertained him there very honourably from whence the archduke went backe againe to Berghen vp Zoome and so to Antuerpe the prince going to Campen to set all things in good order for that the country pesants in Drenth and thereabouts were risen vp in armes against the Estates commanders of their forces and the rest of Casimires horsemen where being very strong they denied their contribution seeming to leane and to be affected vnto the articles of peace made at Cologne The earle of Rennenbergh reuenged himselfe likewise vpon the pesants vnder his commaund and threatened them of Linghen and Oldenzeel because they would not accept of the religious peace Bartel Entens plagued them of Berghe and those of the bishopricke of Munster Diericke Sonoy gouernour of North-Holland also compelled them of Zutphen to receiue in garrison The earle of Rennenbergh a little before began to encline and to haue some intelligence with the prince of Parma and for that cause had encouraged the pesants of Drenth and Oueryssell against the souldiers whereunto he was persuaded by his seruants and his kinred in Henault with whom he secretly dealt and was a great seeker vnto the Estates to procure that the articles offered at the peace of Cologne vnto the said Estates might be accepted And after that a certaine vprore being made in Groning by the Catholickes that would force the towne to allow of the said articles which by those of the Religion was soone pacified he perceiued thereby that he might there haue a factious partie which to procure he secretly set the hostages of Groning at libertie being all affected to the Spaniard About the same time also there was an vprore in Campen wherupon likewise he took occasion to procure some of that towne to be of his faction Things proceeding in this sort vpon the one and twentieth of Ianuarie Cornelia de Lalain his sister with the baron de Monceau her husband came to visit him bringing with her his pardon and reconciliation from the prince of Parma with certaine money and many faire promises as to be created a Marquesse and that he should haue the Countesse of Meghen for his wife of whom he was enamoured But the said earle being doubtfull what to doe his sister neuer ceased to admonish him and to persuade him not to damme his soule by suppressing the Christian faith and by beeing a principall leader and captaine of heretickes and rebels and to suffer himselfe to be ruled by a multitude of weauers and other occupations whereby he should lose all his lands in Henault the loue of the Countesse whom he sought to marry the fauour of his mother the good will of the earle his vncle by whom he had the earledome of Rennenbergh as also of the king and such like things Whereby at the last by reason of his youth want of experience and by means of the Religion wherein he was brought vp he was moued to turne his coat and yet not without great trouble and contrarietie in mind dissembling the same as long as he could But the prince of Orange the Estates of Friseland hauing had many causes to suspect him thought it better to begin with him than he with them and for that cause in the moneth of February determined to assure themselues of the castle of Leewerden and secretly caused Bowinga and Ferno with their companies to inclose it behind and with the bourgers to fall on it before placing the priests monkes and all the souldiers wiues that lay therin before them and so began to insconce themselues and to fill vp the ditches but captaine Schaghe who after the death of Matenesse was made gouernour of the castle seeing the slackenesse of the souldiers to make resistance being terrified yeelded it vp with assurance of life and goods and promise of a yearely pention But the townesmen entring into the castle sooner than they expected were not satisfied vntill they had throwne downe the wals that were next vnto the towne ioined the rest of the wals thereof vnto those of the towne This castle was built in Anno 1499 at the charges of the towne being thereunto forced and compelled the towne being besieged by Willeboort van Schouwenbergh generall for the duke of Saxonie so that it had stood about 80 yeares Whilest that the bourgers were busied about the rasing of the castle the companies of souldiers that were without came into the towne and fetched all the friers out of their cloysters and so led them orderly in their ranks euery souldier hauing a frier or a monke to follow him with pipes and drums out of the towne The next day Beninck Camminga and others with foure companies went to Harlingen and incamped themselues in the towne as then not walled and summoned the castle to yeeld vnto them but they within denied it and shot against the towne and held it vntill the earle of Rennenbergh hearing thereof much abashed sent Baly his secretarie to Leewerden with secret instructions and authoritie to deale in that matter as he should thinke good and as time occasion should serue thinking all had been well there Balie being come thither was presently taken prisoner and being searched they found certaine blankes about him that were signed by the earle of Rennenbergh they of Leewerden compelling him to write in one of those blankes vnto the lieutenant of the Drossart Ozenbrighe who as then was at Groning in the earles name to will him to deliuer the castle of Harlingen into their hands who suspecting nothing and knowing not that he ought to haue bin thrice commanded so to do vpon the 5 of February yeelded vp the castle which was likewise demanteled on that side that lay next to the towne This castle was first built in anno 1496 by the townesmen of Groning when they were masters of Friseland and by the Friselanders the same yere beaten downe againe vntill that Albert duke of Saxony built it vp againe in anno 1500 so that it had stood seuentie nine yeares After that Sonoy gouernor of North Holland with certaine deputies and four companies of souldiers went to Staueren where they summoned
smoke of the canon which was discharged from the town and ships he was conducted to the towne-house where his lodging was prepared and dinner readie staying there vntill the next day from whence after his repast being then exceeding cold hee wenton foot with all the princes and noblemen to Middleburg which is a good league distant from thence where he was receiued very honorably without the town gate by the deputies of the Estates of the countie of Zeeland the bourgers being ten ensignes were in armes wel appointed both without and within the towne to guard him The next day hee had a very stately banquet made him at the towne-house the which was the most rare and sumptuous considering their small time of preparation that had been made him in all the Netherlands which made him admire the riches and sumptuousnesse of such a towne seated in so small an island besides the goodly presents which the magistrats made vnto him hauing staid vntill the 17 day he departed to go vnto Antuerpe and lodged that night in the fort of Lillo vpon the riuer of Escault FRANCIS DE VALOIS DVKE OF ANiou of Brabant c. Earle of Flanders c. Protector of the Belgicke Libertie FRANCISCVS VALESIVS D G DVX ALENSON ET BRABANT COMES FLANDRIAE PROTECT BELGICAE By royall race I was the sonne of valiant Henrie The second king of France and did behold with wofull eye The massacre that in my youth in Paris once was made Whereat I was in heart sore grieu'd and great compassion had The warres in France once finished I did then vndertake To aid the Netherlands that me their soueraigne prince did make Where peruerse counsell of such men as enui'd my estate Seduced me and made my actions proue vnfortunate For seeking Antuerpe to subdue in their defence They did become my mortall foes and draue me out from thence So deadly hated of them all in France I then retir'd Whereas in Chastean Thirry death my vitall dayes expir'd THE twentie ninth of Februarie the Duke of Aniou to make his ioyfull entrie into the towne of Antuerpe where hee was attended in great deuotion with an incredible preparation all his ships of warre hauing their pauillions and standerds flying with a wonderfull noyse of trumpets drummes and canon shot he sayled along the towne whereas all the kayes were full of men in armes and landed beyond the castle in the suburbe beyond the towne whereas the salt pits be called the Kiel At which place there was a great scaffold made and richly hanged where being mounted there was read vnto him in the vulgar tongue and interpreted into French the priuiledges statutes and ordinances of the duchie of Brabant of the towne of Antuerpe and of the marquisite of the holy empire which belongs to the same towne and the iurisdiction thereof The which he sware and promised to entertaine vpon the holy Euangils in the hands of the seignior Theodore of Lysfeldt chancellor of Brabant As in like sort the chiefe noblemen gentlemen and others there present his vassals by reason of the said duchy and marquisit tooke their othe and did him homage all with great ioy of the people and of all the assistants Then was hee attired by the princes of Orange and Espinoy with the dukes robe of crimson veluet surred with Ermins the prince of Orange saying Let vs make fast this button that the robe may not be pulled away Then was the hat put on his head the prince Daulphin saying to the prince of Orange Brother set it fast on that it fly not off All was performed with great pompe and ceremonies the which continued almost two howers there being all that day aboue twentie thousand men in armes as well within as without the towne All these solemnities of his reception inuestiture othes and homages being ended the pentioner of the towne of Antuerpe called M. Iohn vanden Werke made by commandement of the magistrat a speech vnto the people shewing That the Duke would in like sort take a particular othe for the marquisite of the holy empire and that they should pray vnto God that by such solemne acts redounding to his honour and gloire the countrey might flourish in all happinesse and prosperitie This Oration being ended the Duke tooke the said othe in the hands of the seignior of Stralen Amptman of the towne who in signe of acknowledgement and obedience presented him a golden key the which the duke returned him backe againe and commaunded him to keepe it safely These solemnities being finished the heralds with their coats of armes of Brabant Lembourg and Lothier bare headed began to crie God saue the Duke of Brabant and the trumpets sounding they cast among the people many handfuls of gold siluer On the one side of the coynes was his picture with his name and titles and on the other his deuice drawne from the vertue of the Sunne with these words Foâ—…et discutit that is He doth nourish and chase away This done the Duke going from the scaffold with the princes and noblemen that did accompanie him went to horseback being mounted vpon a goodly Neapolitan courser and so went towards the towne Before him there marched in goodly order first the sergeant maiors the officers of the town house the trumpets of the towne merchant strangers Dutch and Easterlings all in white and well mounted the English in blacke veluet the colonels and captaines of the towne then many gentlemen as well of the Netherlands as French and English after followed the magistrats and chiefe officers of the town as the Amptman Bourgmasters Sherifes Pentioners Secretaries Treasurers Receiuers and other officers beeing followed by the trumpets of the Estates Then marched in order the deputies of the Estates of euery prouince first they of the duchy and nobles of Brabant after whom followed the chauncellor of Brabant and with him cont Lamoral of Egmont as baron of Gaesbeke then his guard of Switsers being followed by many gentlemen of the countrey French and English after whom came the Duke in his ornaments hauing before him first the Markgraue of Antuerpe bare headed carrying his long rod the marke of iustice then the baron of Merode seignior of Petershem who that day supplied the place of marshall of Brabant carrying a naked sword the said nobleman marched in the middest of three of the sworne companies of the towne that is of crossebowes archers and harguebusiers with as goodly armes as could be seene seruing him as a guard then followed his French guard on horsebacke carrying petronels attyred in crimson veluet laid with silke and gold lace the Duke marching in this pompe towards the towne At the port there were six gentlemen carrying a canopie of cloth of gold richly embroidered who attended him vnder the which hee rode alone through the citie vnto his palace At his entrie he found a triumphant chariot of the vnion on the which was set a faire virgine richly adorned representing
a publike proclamation within the towne That no man should presume to speake of making peace with the king of Spaine nor to receiue any letters from the prince of Parma for that hee had written the like to them of Gant Bruges and other townes so as some townes of Flanders and of Brabant sent their deputies among the which was the abbot of S. Gheertruyde to the prince of Parma to treat of their reconciliation The queene of England hauing newes of this accident sent her embassadors to the Estates requiring them with all speed to reconcile themselues vnto the duke of Aniou for that it was to be feared that if they did not agree the prince of Parma beeing growne weake for want of victuals would fortifie himselfe more than before whereon they should bee verie carefull The same newes being come to Rouan and to Paris and made much greater than it was as if the duke and all the princes and French nobilitie had beene slaine there the Parisians staied all the merchants and goods of Antuerpe who the truth of the matter beeing knowne had great difficultie to recouer their goods againe and not without some losse The king sent the seigniour of Mirambeau to excuse his brothers fault and soone after monsieur de Bellieure a counsellor of state with letters to them of Antuerpe by the which hee excused as much as hee could his brothers errour laying the blame vpon his youth his bad counsell and the mutinie of his souldiers promising them that in reconciling themselues vnto him hee would giue them all fauour and assistance The duke himselfe did write afterwards vnto the Estates colouring somewhat his enterprise and promising them all seruice both of his person and meanes desiring to enter into some friendly conference with them and to satisfie them that were distasted But the common people seemed at the first so much altered as no excuses could preuaile refusing to acknowledge him any more for the protector of their libertie and much lesse their prince but they tearmed him an enemie to the publike good of the countrey so great was their spleene in the beginning after the deed was done against his Highnesse yet it had beene much better they had beene sooner reconciled together vpon some good conditions seeing that beeing thus discouered they should euer after haue lesse feare of him than before and it was to bee hoped his future actions would bee such as they should deface that first blemish For the Spaniard who slept not beeing watchfull to imbrace all occasions seeing the countrey destitute of a head of succours and of support might easily haue ouerthrowne all their designes to his great aduantage and the hazard of their fortunes All this beeing well knowne vnto the prince of Orange one day in the assemblie of the great Counsell which they call Breeden Raed in the towne of Antuerpe beeing required to speake his mind touching the reconciliation with the duke of Aniou hee deliuered his opinion at large the which was presented also in writing vnto the generall Estates of the countries of the Netherlands where after that hee had excused himselfe hee sayd That the Estates should remember what hee had propounded vnto them when as by the losses of Tournay and Maestricht they were in a dangerous estate the Spaniard going on still and prospering and that it was then needfull to seeke ayd and succours from some great prince to preserue and maintaine them Intreating them that they would reuiew the acts and all that had passed betwixt them and him when there was question to chuse the Duke of Aniou In doing so for that it seemed they would blame him for this election they should see to whom the fault was to bee imputed seeing that hee had alwayes protested That if the Estates could find any other better expedient that hee would follow it vnto the death That they themselues could witnesse that at that instant they had no other helpe but to call in the said Duke of Aniou as it was resolued by themselues Wherefore it were verie vniust although the mischiefe which hath happened had beene greater to blame him alone for this election and to lay the fault vpon him for that which is past He would not deny for that the duke had done and attempted against his othe according to the treatie of Burdeaux but that he was fallen from the right of this euocation the seigniory of these countries whereof hee had receiued the inuestiture although that hee confessed That his aduice was to call him to their succours But if they would iudge thereof without passion they must also confesse what benefit they haue receiued in three yeares that by his meanes they had made head against the enemie who at that time had two mightie armies the which by the grace of God and the dukes assistance were made vnprofitable the one before Cambray the other much greater the last Summer Moreouer that with his succours you had raysed the enemies siege from before Lochum on which towne depends the countrey of Gueldres and the countie of Zutphen and Ouerissell That no man could denie the succours which hee had giuen to the reformed churches in Fraunce hauing beene the meanes to procure them libertie of religion Holding it most certaine that by the name and armes of the duke of Aniou the name and forces of Spaine were obscured But in this present action there were three points whereon they must resolue The reconciliation with the Spaniard for one or with the duke for another and the third is to maintaine and defend themselues alone with their owne proper meanes Hee said That for the Spaniard there was no likelyhood to effect it although the name and armes should cease for if they thinke to reconcile themselues with him vnder the name of the male-contents as la Motte writes and that to that end the marquesse of Roubay and the lords of Montigny and Rassinghem are met whereunto it seemes some yeeld an eare hee conceiues as much as may bee in this matter of estate that those men will not doe any thing without the will of the prince of Parma whereof they may be sufficiently persuaded by the treatie of Cologne in the yere 1579 made betwixt some priuat men among the male-contents and the said prince of Parma the which was no sooner past but they sent them greater numbers of Spaniards and Italians than euer before Besides the treatie which now they may make with the male-contents would minister matter to the duke of Aniou to reproach the Estates withall that whilest hee offers to reconcile himselfe with them they treat with his enemies the which should helpe to iustifie him with the French king his brother the queene of England and other princes and potentats and make their cause odious And that to reconcile themselues with the Spaniards and male-contents were all one deed The question is Whether the Wallons the Spaniard beeing retired would be more tollerable
Leyden In the beginning of Ianuarie 1587. the Estates men found meanes secretly to vndermine the wall of Buriche a towne lying vpon the Rhine right against Wezell and being held by the Spaniards where they had layd certaine barrills of pouder to blow it vp and so to surprize the towne and the Garrison within it but a miller hauing descouered it gaue notice thereof and so this enterprize succeded not according to their desseigne All this winter the Duke of Parma made great prouision both for men and mony hauing assembled the Estats of Arthois Henaut and other Prouinces of whome hee demanded some ayde of money and obteyned his desiers receiuing also new supplies of soldiers both from Spaine and Italy with the which he marched in Ianuary to the Castell of Wouwe a strong hold belonging to the Marquis of Bergnen lying a mile frow Berghen vp Zoome in Brabant There was in it a companie of French soldiars whose captaines name was Marchant who had beene before in garrison in Graue who whether it were in reuenge of a priuate quarrell which he had with captaine Firenine who had iustefied him-selfe at the Hage before the Estates of that wherewith Captaine Marchant had charged him or whether it were through ambition or couetousnesse hauing corrupted his soldiars with a promise to make them sharers of the booty hee sould the said Castle of Wouwe to the Duke of Parma for twenty thousand crownes And from thence these trecherous marchants retired some into France being loth to heare the name of traytor as they called them in Antwerp and Brusselles vntill that the Duke of Parma had forbidden by proclamation not to call them any more so and some went to serue the Spaniard About the same time Sir Martin Schenck seazed vpon a little Towne called Roeroort in the Elector Truchses name being so called for that it stands at the mouth of the riuer of Roer which comes out of the countrey of Marke and Westphalia where it enters into the Rhine which his men held vntill Aprill following that the Spaniards forced them to abandon it Frederick King of Denmarke a Prince desirous of peace sent Caius Ranson one of his priuie councell and a man of great knowledge and authoritie to Brussels to make an ouerture of some meanes of a peace betwixt the King of Spaine and his Netherland Prouinces remaining in the vnion generall of the pacification of Gant and the treaty of Vtrecht To whom answer was made that neither for the King of Denmarke nor for any Prince in the world the King of Spaine would neuer suffer any change of religion in the countries of his obedience wherevpon Ranson returned with letters vnto his King making onely mention of a peace betwixt Spaine and England Being on his way home-wards hee was incountred in the wood of Soigne three leagues from Brussels by some of the States soldiers of the garrison of Berghen vp Zoom who finding him in the enemies countrey tooke him prisoner and being at the first vnknowne vnto them rifled his baggage but vpon discouery of his person and qualitie they carried him to the Hage to the Estates who made it knowne sufficiently how much they were discontented for that which their men had vnaduisedly done vnto him excusing it as much as they could and causing all that had been taken from him to be restored againe as well his papers as his gold siluer iewels and other things or else the value of that which could not be recouered Whereby the Estates thought to haue giuen him such contentment as he should haue no cause to complaine vnto his King As in truth the fact was excusable hauing beene found in the enemies conntrey by them that did incounter him vnknowne what he was and who at the first put himselfe in defence refusing to make his qualitie knowne the which might mooue the soldiers the more And although hee had declared himselfe yet it had beene no new thing to qualifie himselfe for other then he was to escape the enemies hands Besides hee was ' demanded by the estares after restitution of all his goods If hee desired to haue any corporall punishment inflicted vpon them that had taken him he answered no and that they were good companions Yet being returned into Denmarke hee made great complaints vnto the King and did so incense him against the Estates especially against Holland Zeeland and Freezeland as he arrested aboue sixe hundred of their ships in the Sound vpon colour of the iniurie that had beene done vnto his Ambassador Ranson the which hee set at thirty thousand Florins ransome with the consent of the Estates themselues who had sent their deputies vnto his Maiestie to excuse the fact being loth to contest with him for so small a matter forbidding their ships to vse any force to free themselues from this arrest as they might well haue done if they had would and had beene licensed by their maisters and superiors Of these thirty thousand Florins Ranson had aboue a thousand for his share which paied all his interests The Earle of Leicester before his departure into England had made sir William Stanley Colloneil of a regiment of Irishmen gouernor of the towne of Deuenter and Rouland Yorke of the great Fort before Zutphen Stanley had in his garrison 1200. foote and about two hundred horse English and Irish the which was much displeasing vnto the estates for that he had serued the King of Spaine he had long desired to yeeld the towne vnto the King of Spaine and to that end had held correspondencie with Collonell Taxis gouernor of Zutphen Neither could hee not so modestly containe himselfe but it was descouered that he had some bad intent Yet the estates of Oueryssel knew not how to helpe it nor to preuent the danger which they feared hauing no meanes to get him out of the towne For the Earle of Leicester at his departure had charged him not to depart out of that place without his expresse commandement besides by reason of the Earle of Leicesters Act of restraint which he made at his departure the estates could not force him to obedience The estates finding no other meanes had intreated Generall Norris in whom they trusted more then in any other for the good seruices which he had done to them and to the Prince of Orange to goe with his regiment about Deuenter as if he would winter there and so to find some meanes wich the helpe of the Bourgers to get into the towne Stanley being suspitions of his approch or it may be hauing some aduertisment thereof made hast to agree with Taxis to deliuer the towne to the King of Spaine for a certaine summe of mony and other promises of great rewards which were afterwards ill performed for the effecting where of she went early in the morning before day to the Bourguemaistcr of the towne desiring him to open the port of Neurenbercke meaning said he
to go forth with his men to doe some exployt vpon the enemy whome hee had descouered Being gone forth he returned presently before day bringing with him Collonel Taxis with three Companies of foote and three of horse marching directly to the market place where they put them-selues in battayle after that Taxis had placed gardes in all parts of the towne the which was don so stilly and with so smale brute as the townes-men heard not any thing or if they did they thought it had beene their garrison so as at the breake of day they found they were Spaniards Some among the Protestants were so terrefied as fearing a massaker they cast themselues from the toppe of the walles to saue themselues Taxis hauing placed all his gards began to bee more assured for before hee was not without great distrust hauing with so few men trusted vnto Stanleys word and thrust him-selfe into a towne where there was a good garrsion and a number of braue Bourgers well armed where hee might haue beene taken like a mouse in a trappe Being thus assured hee presently caused it to bee proclaymed at the sound of the trompet that all men might remaine freely within the towne without any wrong done them either in bodie or goods lyuing in the Romish Religion and vnder the King of Spaines obedience Herevpon Stanley made his excuse both to the magistrats and the soldiars and sought to iustifie this trecherous fact saying that he neither was nor could be accoumpted atraitor in respect that hee had done no wrong vnlesse they would hold it treason to deliuer the towne to the King of Spaine to whome of right it did belong being long before moued therevnto as he said in conscience alledging many other such like reasons saying more-ouer that if any of his soldiars would serue there they should be well payed by a most bountifull king and the rest might freely depart where-vpon many but most of them Irish-men staid with him euery one hauing a monetâ—…es pay giuen him and presently the Bourgers were disarmed and likewise suffred to depart with Taxis pasport among the which there wore two Preachers The Bourgers houses were not spoyled that they might draw other townes to doe the like onely a few were ransackt among the which the preachers houses were not spared Stanleys regiment was disperst into sondry garrisons and hee himselfe was left still gouernor of Deuenter At the same time Rouland Yorke being made gouernor of the great Sconse before Zutphen by the earle of Leicester wholy against the liking of the Estates with eight hundred foote and a hundred horse did in like sort sel it to the Spaniard This Yorke had long before serued vnder the States although not with the best credit In Gant hee had beene Lieutenant Collonell to Iohn van Imbise with whome he had conspired to betray Gaunt and Dermond to the Prince of Parma for the which Imbise was beheaded and hee sent prisoner to Brusselles where at the last by the taking of the towne he was set at liberty and after that imployed by the Duke of Parma vppon the water in the riuer Scheld at the bridge before Antwerp at length by the meanes of friends he was reconciled and returned into England with credit and from thence came with the Earle of Leicester into Holland and there was so recommended by Sir Philip Sydney as the Earle of Leicester his vncle put him in great credit and gaue him this gouernment of the Sconse who the same day that Deuenter was battered told his soldiars that it would bee but lost labour for them to stay there wishing them rather to take pay of the King of Spaine where-vpon his soldiars tore their collours in peeces and two Duch companies with some others went away euery man where he pleased but Yorke went to Zutphen where he receiued a reward from the King and for a time kept company with Sir William Stanley but without any credit and there not long after dyed very miserablie and so Taxis like-wise got the sconce Thus the credulity and light beleefe of the Earle of Leicester was the cause of the losse of this goodly and strong towne of Deuenter which is one of the Hans townes and of that important fort of Zutphen the which the sommer before had cost so much to winne and fortefie It was not without cause if they began to murmure against the Earle of Leicester hauing at his very departure placed these two gallants in such important gouernments It was no maruell then if the Noblemen Collonels and gentlemen of the vnited Prouinces were discontented and complained vnto the Earle of Leicester to see them-selues reiected to aduance such traitors to the gouernment of such important places as Stanley Yorke and Patton were of whome wee will speake here-after After the losse of this towne of Deuenter and of the fort of Zutphen the Estates of the vnited Prouinces were much perplexed fearing that all the English garrisons which lay in any other townes and forts would doe the like and deale with them as the French in the time of the Duke of Aniou and Brabant had determined to doe all in one day On the Sonday morning being the first of February the councell of estate being assembled to prouide for their affaires and to preuent the alterations which the losse of Deuenter and the forts before Zutphen might cause thether came the generall estates and the aduocate Barnevelt for their part who declared in their names that considering the necessitie and in what termes the State then stood they held it more then necessary that the Gouerners of Prouincesshould go into their Gouernments there to command by vertue of their commissions And that to hasten the departure of the Earle of Maeurs they had resolued concerning the Ritmaisters as should be seene by the contents of the contract made with them and the means which they had set downe for their paie Secondly that maters concerning the Admiralty might be redrest and ordred for the Gouernment of sea causes as the seruice of the country should require the affaiers of estate being in very great disorder for want of good gouernment where-vpon words grew of either side tending to accusations and excuses Barnevelt saying Is this the way to serue the country where-vnto the Lord of Brederode answered that if they were not contented with the seruices and toyle which the Lords of the councell tooke but they must daily receyue bad words and reproches as if they were subiects and slaues they might seeke for others that would subiect them-selues to their slanders and continuall exclamations Hee was also demanded wherein it was so ill gouerned and ordered and what were the causes there of Barnevelt like a man full of passion and choller answered that it was the councell of the Cabinet where-as many things were done which none but they of the councell knew as of late appered by the Act of restraint which was made
gouernment the Estates were very desirous to keepe him still hauing done them good seruice after the losse of Deuenter and Zutphen and well maintained her Maiesties and the English mens honor and reputation and to make him marshall of their armie which they intended to bring to field for the releefe of Scluse vnder the command of Princc Maurice and the Earle of Hohenlo but of force he must goe as he did with great commendation and testimony to her Maiestie both from the generall Estates the Estates of Holland the Earle of Hohenloo and others of his good and faithfull seruice The Queene her selfe was not well pleased with the declaration made by the Estates as shee let them vnderstand by her letters of the thirtith of Iune to them The which were sent by Sir Henry Killegrey and Maister Robert Beale wherevnto the Estates answered with all mildnesse and modestie excusing themselues and informing her Maiestie better During all these factions and partialities the Duke of Parma continued the course of his prosperitie meaning to besiege Scluse a Towne and Castle standing vpon the Sea-coast the which is the very Port of the mighty goodly and rich towne of Bruges in Flanders three leagues from thence For as nothing past in Holland and Zeeland betwixt the Estates and the Earle of Leicester touching their diuision but hee was dayly aduertised thereof by some that were at his deuotion in the sayd countries yea as it was sayd by some that had great dealing with the affaires of Estate hee thought it now time to prouide them some worke towards the Sea-coast for the effecting whereof hee had caused great leauies of men to bee made in Italy vnder the leading of the Marquis of Guast Camillo Capisucca Carlo Spinella Alexandro de Monte and others making shew as if hee would goe to the Veluwe Some of his men had lyen about Bruges euer since May and now and then increased their numbers seeming as if they had lyen there onely to stoppe the incursions of them of Ostend and Scluse His soldiers being come all together on the seauenth of Iune hee marcht out of Brussels with nine companies of horse and the next day came to Bruges all his armie following him to besiege Scluse In the meane time Arnold of Groeneuelle a Gentleman of an ancient house in Holland Collonell of a regiment of foote and gouernor of the sayd Towne and Castle of Scluse feeling this storme approach and doubting it would fall vpon him or vpon Ostend seeking to prouide for it and preuent it with all the diligence he could on the fifteene of Iune he did write vnto sir William Russell sonne to the Earle of Bedford who had succeeded sir Philip Sidney in the gouernment of Flushing for the Queene of England as to his neerest neighbour for some helpe sending him word that after diligent search what prouision was in the sayd towne hee found not sufficient to hold out long where-vpon Sir William Russell dispacht his Secretary wtih Nicholas of Meetkerke his Lieutenant presently to Prince Maurice and to the Estate of Zeeland requiring them to succor Sluce with men victualls and munition of warre But hauing no comfort from them but promises the Zeelanders not holding the danger so great as the Seignior of Groenevelt made it by his letters Sir William Russel commanded his Secretary and his Lieutenant Meetkerke to gather together with the helpe of the Magistrate all the graine they could within the towne and to send it presently to Scluse So as the same day a shippe being laden with corne parted from Flussing and entred into Sluce without danger whereof the Gouernor Groenevelt was very glad And by the meanes of Sir William Russell there came from Berghen vp Zoom and from Ostend three companies of foote to Flussing to the which the Gouernor added a forth drawne out of his owne garrison these fower companies were neere eight hundred men The Queene of England hearing that the Duke of Parma's desseigne was vpon the sea coasts of Flanders either against Ostende which shee had taken into her protection or Scluse shee sent Sir Roger Williams and some English Gentlemen to Ostend but being â—…ere arriued and hearing that the Spaniards campe was planted before about Sluce they went to Flushing to ioyne with the said fower companies and the twelth of Iune they entred with certaine shippes laden with corne armes poulder boullets and other munition into the hauen of Scluse but not without great danger of the enemies cannon who the day before had taken one of the forts without the towne called Beckeaf and held the mouth of the hauen where he had planted great store of Artillery These succors being happely entred the gouernor Groenevelt did write againe vnto the Estates of Zeeland requiring great succors of Victualls and espetiall of munition of warre but the shipps going forth to carry this message were taken in the mouth of the Hauen so as after that time none could go in nor get out The Duke of Parma had one part of his army lodged in the I le of Cassandt right against the Hauen of the towne at a place called Ter-Hofsted and another part at Saint Anne Termayden right with the which he forced a fort which the Estates had built vpon the sea shore at Blankenberg by the which he freed his campe and the vittualls that came vnto them from the courses of them of Ostrend The beeseeged behauing them-selues very valiantly made many gallant and furious sallies vpon the Spaniards in the which they slue very many of their enemies but notwithout some losse of their owne men Among the Netherlands which woone most honor were Nicholas Meetkerke Lieuienant Collonell sonne to the president of Flanders Charles Heraugiere at this time gouernor of the towne and Castell of Breda Nicholas of Maude sonne to the Seigniour of Mausart and others among the English there was Sir Francis Vere now gouernor of the towne and land of Bryele Sir Roger Williams Collonell Huntley Captaine Thomas Baskeruille and others The forth of Iuly Patton Collonell of a Scottish regiment and comanding in the towne of Geldes in the absence of Collonell Schenke following the steppes of Stanley and Yorke sold the towne vnto the Lord of Haultpenne for the King of Spaine for thirty six thousand florins with an expresse condition that hee would reserue vnto him-selfe the spoyle and ransoms of certaine of the cheefe and richest Bourgers His enterprize was executed in this manner The Earle of Leicester being offended much with him had thretned to cassier him and to put Stuart in his place hee to preuent this and to bee reuenged of the disgrace hauing treated and concluded with Haultepenne hee gaue them of the towne to vnderstand that Collonell Schenk had sent him order to keepe his men ready in armes that comming the night following with his horsemen they might go together to an enterpize the which was easie to bee
of religion if the King would not heare of any tolleration of the exercise thereof then they of the said Prouinces should be forced to for sake the religion wherein they were borne and bred from their youths or bee constrained to liue in perpetuall exile out of their countries by which meanes all those that would not leaue their religion would for sake the country wherby it should become desolate Neither could the King with any reason refuse his subiects that which in times past was by his father the Emperor Charles permitted vnto the Germanes and by other Princes and namely by him-selfe in his perpetuall Edict and that by the aduise of the best and the most learned Doctors in diuinity and councellors of estate the breaking whereof had beene the cause of all the tumults and troubles in the Netherlands as also in France and other places and was likely to bring many more inconueniences to the King in his old age and like-wise to his sonne who was yet but very young To all the points of this replication the King of Spains commissioners made none but dilatorie answers to no effect In the meane time the Queene of England was aduertised of an English booke printed at Antwetp written by Doctor Allen who not long before had beene made Cardinall at Rome being an admonition to the Nobility of England and Ireland to execute the Popes sentence against her Maiesty which executions the King of Spaine had taken in hand as Allen said and the Duke of Parma was appointed by the King cheefe Commander in that action The Queene was also aduertised of a Bull sent forth by Pope Sixtus conteyning many false and scandalous points against her Maiesty wherein was also contayned that he had concluded with the Catholike King to imploy all his power and meanes to expell the Queene out of her Kingdome straightly commanding all her Maiesties subiects in a most fearefull and thundring manner to ayd and assist the great noble and invincible army prepared to that end vnder the command of the Duke of Parma The Queene being made aquainted with these things during this treaty of peace shee commanded Doctor Dale one of the commissioners to go and speake with the Duke of Parma in person and to charge him in good sort with the things contayned in these aduertisements and to know his direct answere whether he were not appointed to bee generall ouer the army that was then preparing in Spaine and of the enterprise thereby pretended and to tell him that if it were true as shee could heardly beleeue it shee ment no longer to contynue the treaty but to call home her Commissioners The Duke of Parma made answer to Doctor Dale that he knew of no such booke neither had he any knowledge of the fore-said Bull sent forth by the Pope neither had hee attempted any thing of him-selfe but honorably in regard of the dislike that was betwixt her and the King his maister and that as a good and faithfull seruant hee was to execute his maisters commandement with many such Court-like speeches But her Maiestie was not satisfied with that answer for that hee did not say directly whether hee had vnder-taken to inuade England or not with that armie wherefore shee resolued not to call home her commissioners yet commanding them to treat with the Spanish commissioners by word of mouth and try if by that meanes better then by writing they might finde more reason and better furtherance But to the contrary and beyond their expectations they found that the longer they continued in this treatie the lesse hope there was of any good conclusion The Kings Comissioners telling them that they were grieued they had spent so much time about the matter and that the King of Spaine had kept fifty thousand men in pay almost a whole yeare to lye still and doe nothing to his great charge by the meanes of that treatie and so they blamed one an other At the last the Kings Commissioners said plainly touching the religion that the King of Spaine were better to giue his one and onely Sonne vnto them of Holland then to allow them the excercise of their religion And that the Queene had no more to doe to trouble her selfe with the religion of his countries then hee had to meddle with the religion in her Dominions As for the pacification of Gant they would not heare of that for that it had beene broken by the makers thereof saying that the Prince of Orange had receiued a iust reward for the same The forraine soldiers might not bee sent away so long as there was any warre with Holland and feare of France To conclude they refused all the English demands But Sir Iames a Croft riding priuately to Bruges shewed secretly vnto the President Richardot and to Mounsier Champigni certaine articles concerning a peace but much to the preiudice of the vnited Prouinces which Champigni seemed to like well of beeing very desirous by that meanes to haue the vse of the English Hauens for the harboring of their Spanish fleete for the which after-wards there grew great dislike betwixt him and the duke of Parma Before the departure of the English Commissioners the Earle of Darbie to discouer the Spaniards intents asked them if they intended to haue the cautionary Townes deliuered ouer vnto them without any conclusion But the Spanish fleete approaching then in August brake off all further conference either side hearing the shotte at Sea and so all dissembling was laid aside and the Duke of Parma was found contrary in his word hauing protested to some of the English Commissioners vppon his Princely word and faith as the English reported that the armie came not for England if they could agree vppon the fore-said articles of peace propounded But the Queene obseruing the constant resolution of the vnited Prouinces and seeing the fleete of Spaine already before her dore she called home her Commissioners wherevpon they desired a conuoy to conduct them safely from thence being in some feare for that they had no hostages but after fifteene daies stay they got a passport with certaine wagons and a conuoy to guard them to the Frontiers whether the Kings commissioners did very honorably conduct them for the which they gaue them great thanks much commended the Duke of Parmaes honorable disposition hauing kept his word so iustly with them Now I come to that great Spanish fleete whereof although there haue beene some petty discourses written and published in our owne language yet for that it concerned the vnited Prouinces as well as England I haue thought good to make a briefe relation in this history for posterities sake both of the preparations and the successe The King of Spaine hauing long fore-cast and sought by what meanes hee might bring the Realme of England into subiection and so to re-establish the Catholike religion there hoping by that meanes to re-possesse his inheritance in the Netherlands for that beeing
Netherlands 217. goes with his wife into Spaine 226. is crowned King of Castille in the right of his wife 228. his death 232. Philip Earle of Hohenlo presseth the Spaniard in the Isle of Bommel 1024. marries the Prince of Oranges daughter 1012. comes to the battaile of Tournhout and giues the first charge 1126. his death 1355. Philip the second King of Spaine 317. his last departure out of the Netherlands 337. seekes peace with France 1141. hee giues his daughter the Infanta in marriage to the Arch-duke Albert 1160 Philip-ville yeelded to Dom Iohn 659 Philip of Montmorencie Earle of Horne imprisoned by the Duke of Alua 437. executed at Brussels 451 Philip Earle of Egmont makes an attempt vpon Brussels to his great dishonour 706. is taken prisoner in his towne of Nyenhouen 730. is deliuered for Monsieur la Noue 883 Philip of Marnix Signior of Saint Aldegond prisoner to the Spaniards 530. his speech to them of Antwerpe during the siege 868. his death 1205 Philip Earle of Nassau makes a road into Luxembourg for the Estates 1063. hee chargeth the Spaniards is wounded taken prisoner and dyes 1104 President appointed in the Prouinciall councell in Holland Zeeland and West-friseland 146 Preaching forborne in Antwerp 400 Prince of Spaines speech to the Duke of Alua 415. Princes of the Empire in Armes against the Admirall of Arragon 1209 Ponthus of Noielle Siegnior of Bours procures the Castle of Antwerpe to be deliuered to the Estates 645 Proclamation of the Estates for the obseruing of the pacification of Gand 604 Proclamation of the Duke of Parma against the towne of Aix 1027 Proclamation of the King of Spaine dispensing with the payment of his debts 1123 Protestants of Amsterdam propound fiue articles to their Magistrate 425 Pedro Dordoigno sent to kill the Prince of Orange executed 824 Protestants defeated at Austerweel 422 Protestants of the Netherlands make warre at Sea vnder the Prince of Orange 463. Proceeding vpon the petition of the Nobles in the Netherlands 390 Practises of Charles Duke of Bourgongne to ruine the house of Brederode 169 Protestants request for a religious peace 666. Proscription against the Prince of Orange 763. Preparation of the Spanish armie at Sea in the yeare 1588. 998 Preacher murthered at Deutecome 1200 Protestation of the Prince of Orange for his taking armes 491 Prince of Iuilliers and Cleues vnfortunately married 880 Practise to betraye Gheertruydenberg discouered 1259 Q. QVarrell betwixt them of Bruges and Antwerpe 200 Question among the Clergie of the Netherlands for incorporating of spirituall liuing to the new Bishopricks 347 Question in Spaine about the choosing of a Generall to subdue the Netherlands 415 Queene of England offers succors to the Estates 890. shee publisheth the reasons that mooues her therevnto 894 R. RAmeken a Forte in Zeland besieged and yeelded to the Protestants 518 Reconciliation of Arthois Henault c. to the Spaniard 708 Refusall to surpresse the new Bishops augments the troubles in the Netherlands 351. Remedie to stanche the bloud in the Prince of Oranges wound 801 Religious peace made 669 Resolution of the Estates of Holland 557 Renold Lord of Brederode and his brother imprisoned by the Bishop of Vtrecht 169. his processe beeing referred to the Knights of the Order he is absolued 170 Retreat of the Spaniards out of the Netherlands 625 Retreate of the ministers out of Antwerp 426. Retreat of many Protestants out of the Netherlands 410 Relation of the enterprise at Antwerp 812 Returne of the Spaniards into the Netherlands 809 Reâ—…er van Bron chuysen captaine for them of Vtrecht 196 Riuer cut from Vtrecht to Leck 107 Rhinberk besieged in vaine by the Spaniard 924. taken by Cont Charles of Mansfeldt 1025. besieged and wonne by Prince Maurice 1129. recouered againe by the Admirall of Arragon 1284. taken againe by Prince Maurice 1286. and last of all by the Marquis Spinola 1364. Richardot sent into Spaine by the Duke of Parma 1020 Robâ—…rt Dudley Earle of Leicester Generall for the Queene of England 910. discontented with the Estates 921. at his going into England hee appoints a Councell of Estate 930. prepares to raise the siege of Sluis 961. hee excuseth himselfe vnto the Estates for not doing it 964. hee failes to surprise Leyden 979. is called home into England and resignes his Gouernment vnto the Estates 982 Romerswall yeelded to the Spaniard 53 Rotterdam yeelded to the King of the Romaines ' 207 Rouard of Brabant what Office it is 1â—…6 Rowland Yorke made Gouernor of the Fort at Zutphen 928. sells it to the Spaniard 943. Ryperdas speech to them of Harlem 497 Roeroort surprised by Schenck 991 S SAint Quintin besieged and taken by the King of Spaine 323 Saint From in Liege yeelded to duke Chaâ—…ls of Bourgongne 162 Sarras Gouernor of Flussing vnfortunate 477. is charged by the Spaniards and repulseth them at Sooteland 478 Saint Guislaine a towne in Henault assured for the Estates 655 Saint Andrewes Fort besieged by Prince Maurice and yeelded 1230 Sanchio de Auila sent to succor Ter-goes and performes it happely 479 Scandall how interpreted 883 Sanchio de Auila sent to besiege Flussing 477 Sas by Gant seized on by the Spaniard 827 Sentence for the razing of Culembeurgs house 444 Schonhoven surprised by the Countesse Iaqueline 134. yeelded to the Spaniard by composition 586 Sentence of the Inquisition against the Netherlands 443 Separation of the confederate nobles of the Netherlands 410 Separation of the three iurisdictions of Holland cut to releeue Leyden 560 Sevenberghe taken and the Lord of it driuen away 139. taken by the Earle of Mansfeldt for the Spaniard 1035 Schulenbourg taken by the Spaniard 877. Seege of the Protestants of Zeeland before Ter-goes their army flies awaie amazed 478 Sichen in Brabant yeeldes to the Spaniard 654. recouered for the Estates and after yeelded to the Spaniard 826 Slyckembourg taken for the Estates 877 Sluis besieged by the Duke of Saxony â—…11 besieged and taken by the Spaniard 961 Shippes and men comming out of Spaine defeated by the Estates shippes 1347 Spinola marcheth with his army towardes Frisland 1347 Spaniards repulst at an enterprise vpon Berghen 1349 Spinola goes into Spaine 1353 Sentence pronounced against the Gouernor and Captaines which yeelded Linghen to Spinola 1354 Spinola seekes to enter into the Suider Sea 1359. Shippes of Holland taken by the Danes 251 Skyrmish at Rymenant Leguer 662 Spel a Prouost Marshall hanged at Brussells 462 Specification of the oppressions done by the Admirall of Arragons men in a neutrall Country 1190 Soubourg a Fort in Zeeland besieged by the Flussingers and yeelded 508 Spaniard beaten at the Bryele 472. they surprise Berghen vp Zome 474. they faile to surprise Camphere 475. they quit the siege of Leyden and flie 570. they mutine and faile to surprise Vtrecht 573. they surprise Alost in Flanders 590. they assemble in the Castle of Antwerp 596. they depart by accord 626. they are chased out of the I le of Bommel 1024. they mutine and